701
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Liu L, Yao L, Dong M, Liu T, Lai W, Yin X, Zhou S, Lv L, Li L, Wang J, Jiang X, Parveen B, Chen J, Sun X. Maternal urinary cadmium concentrations in early pregnancy in relation to prenatal and postpartum size of offspring. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126823. [PMID: 34293648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impacts of environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure on birth size parameters including weight, length and head circumference (HC) have been reported in multiple studies. However, little remains known of the impacts of maternal Cd exposure during pregnancy on size during in utero development and during early childhood. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate impacts of maternal Cd exposure during pregnancy on the size of offspring in utero (from 24 weeks pregnancy) until six months of age. METHODS Pregnant mothers were recruited as part of an ongoing prospective birth cohort study based in Guangdong, China. Maternal urine samples were collected in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, in which Cd concentrations were measured by inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). In utero size indicators at 24 and 32 week of gestation, including biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL) and HC were derived from ultrasound examinations. Anthropometric measures of weight, height and HC at birth and one, three and six months of age were also collected. Associations of size measures at the various time points with maternal urinary Cd concentrations were assessed using linear regression models. RESULTS The median urinary Cd concentration was 1.00 and 0.98 μg/g creatinine in the first and third trimesters respectively. In univariate analysis, increased maternal Cd levels in the first trimester were associated with decreased HC (-0.17 cm/ug/g urinary Cd) at birth, and the association was particularly pronounced among males (-0.30 cm/ug/g urinary Cd). First trimester Cd exposure was also found to be significantly associated with decreased infant weight at three and six months of age among girls (-101 g/ug/g and -97 g/ug/g urinary Cd, respectively). Associations of similar magnitude were observed after adjustment for various maternal factors. No significant associations were observed with infant size measures or with measures of Cd in the third trimester. CONCLUSIONS Our detailed study suggests that the first trimester is particularly critical window of susceptibility to sex-specific effects of Cd on size parameters at birth, with some effects persisting to six months of age. These compelling sex-dependent effects on HC and body weight warrant future studies examining longer-term health effects of pregnancy-related Cd exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lena Yao
- Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Ming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Weina Lai
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Lv
- Guangdong Maternal and Child Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifang Li
- Nanhai Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bhatti Parveen
- Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA; Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jiabin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xin Sun
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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702
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Rodríguez-Tomàs E, Baiges-Gaya G, Castañé H, Arenas M, Camps J, Joven J. Trace elements under the spotlight: A powerful nutritional tool in cancer. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126858. [PMID: 34537473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Research on the relationships between trace elements (TE) and the development of cancer or its prevention is a field that is gaining increasing relevance. This review provides an evaluation of the effects of TE (As, Al, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, F, I, Pb, Li, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Se, Si, Sn, V and Zn) intake and supplementation in cancer risk and prevention, as well as their interactions with oncology treatments. Advancements in the knowledge of TE, their dietary interactions and their main food sources can provide patients with choices that will help them to improve their quality of life and therapy outcomes. This approach could open new opportunities for treatments based on the integration of conventional therapies (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy) and dietary interventions that provide advanced personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201, Reus, Spain; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Doctor Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Gerard Baiges-Gaya
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Helena Castañé
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Meritxell Arenas
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201, Reus, Spain; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Doctor Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, 43201, Reus, Spain
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703
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Matić D, Vlahović M, Ilijin L, Grčić A, Filipović A, Todorović D, Perić-Mataruga V. Implications of long-term exposure of a Lymantria dispar L. population to pollution for the response of larval midgut proteases and acid phosphatases to chronic cadmium treatment. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 250:109172. [PMID: 34461292 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) presence in terrestrial ecosystems is a serious threat that requires continuous development of biomonitoring tools. Ideally, a suitable biomarker of exposure should respond to the toxicant consistently in different populations regardless of previous exposure to pollution. Here we considered the activities and isoform patterns of certain proteases and acid phosphatases (ACP) in the midgut of Lymantria dispar larvae as well as the integrated biomarker response (IBR) for application in Cd biomonitoring. We compared the responses of caterpillars originating from unpolluted and polluted localities after they had been chronically subjected to dietary Cd (50 and 100 μg Cd/g dry food). The population inhabiting the unpolluted forest was far more sensitive to Cd exposure as the activities of total proteases, trypsin (TRY) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) were mostly reduced while the activities of total and non-lysosomal ACP were increased. Non-lysosomal ACP activity was elevated in larvae from the contaminated site in response to the higher Cd concentration. Exposure to the metal resulted in numerous alterations in the pattern of enzyme isoforms, but the responses of the two populations were similar except that larvae from the polluted locality were more tolerant to the lower Cd concentration. Non-lysosomal ACP activity and the appearance of ACP isoforms 4 and 5 together with the IBR index are the most promising indicators of Cd presence, potentially applicable even in populations with a history of exposure to pollution. TRY and total ACP activities could be used to monitor populations at uncontaminated localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Matić
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Milena Vlahović
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Larisa Ilijin
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anja Grčić
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Filipović
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dajana Todorović
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Perić-Mataruga
- Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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704
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Santos B, Andrade T, Domingues I, Ribeiro R, Soares AM, Lopes I. Influence of salinity on the toxicity of copper and cadmium to Zebrafish embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 241:106003. [PMID: 34706310 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinization has become a serious worldwide environmental perturbation in freshwater ecosystems. Concomitantly, many of such ecosystems are already impacted by other toxicants, which together with increased salinity may result in synergistic, antagonistic or additive toxic effects to biota. This work intended to assess the influence of increasing salinity (by using NaCl) on the lethal and sublethal toxicity of two metallic elements (copper and cadmium) in embryos of the fish species Danio rerio. This goal was achieved by exposing zebrafish embryos to seven concentrations of NaCl, individually or combined with each metal, using a full factorial design. The following endpoints were monitored in the test organisms: mortality, hatching, malformations and the enzymatic activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and cholinesterase (ChE). Overall, moderate salinity levels alleviated the lethal toxicity of both copper and cadmium although this effect was stronger in the copper assay. This effect was also influenced, as expected, by the concentrations of the metals indicating that the protective effect of salt only reaches some levels, after what is overwhelmed by the high metal toxicity, especially with the non-essential metal cadmium. At sub-lethal concentrations, the interactive effect resulting from NaCl and metals was not consistent and varied with the endpoint analyzed and the metal tested. Overall, the interactions between the salt and metals seem complex and with more drastic effects (positive or negative) on lethal endpoints than sub-lethal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Santos
- CIBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Thayres Andrade
- Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Campus of Crateús, 63700-000, Crateús, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Inês Domingues
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Rui Ribeiro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amadeu Mvm Soares
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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705
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Purać J, Čelić TV, Vukašinović EL, Đorđievski S, Milić S, Ninkov J, Kojić D. Identification of a metallothionein gene and the role of biological thiols in stress induced by short-term Cd exposure in Ostrinia nubilalis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 250:109148. [PMID: 34343701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential metal that is highly toxic to all living forms, characterized by an extremely high affinity for thiol (SH) groups. The aim of this work was to identify and experimentally verify metallothionein gene and to analyze the role of biological thiols in stress induced by short-term Cd exposure in Ostrinia nubilalis, one of the most important corn pests. The coding region of a metallothionein (MT) gene in O. nubilalis was identified, encoding protein, OnMT1, which contains 46 amino acids, including 12 cysteine residues, and has no aromatic amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that OnMT1 clustered together with metallothionein from Bombyx mori. Structural bioinformatics analysis strongly suggests that OnMT1 is a metallothionein with affinity for multiple transition metals. Further, in order to elucidate the role of biological thiols, O. nubilalis L5 larvae were exposed to increasing Cd concentrations in diet (6.85, 41.71, 77.35 mg kg-1) during a 48 h period, after which Cd concentration in larvae was measured (3.50, 12.02, 47.37 mg kg-1, respectively). Due to short-term Cd exposure, concentration of free protein SH groups and relative expression of OnMT1 and thioredoxin (Trx) genes was elevated, while the reduced glutathione content remained unchanged. The presented results provide evidence that OnMT1 plays a role in Cd detoxification and homeostasis, and confirm the importance of biological thiols, especially OnMT1 and Trx, in the early response of O. nubilalis to Cd poisoning, indicating interaction between Cd and thiol-linked redox reactions. Insects provide valuable insight into molecular adaptations to metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Purać
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana V Čelić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Elvira L Vukašinović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Srđana Đorđievski
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Stanko Milić
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Laboratory for Soil and Agroecology, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jordana Ninkov
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Laboratory for Soil and Agroecology, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Danijela Kojić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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706
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Ozturk M, Metin M, Altay V, De Filippis L, Ünal BT, Khursheed A, Gul A, Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Kawano T, Caparrós PG. Molecular Biology of Cadmium Toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4832-4846. [PMID: 33462792 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal mainly originating from industrial activities and causes environmental pollution. To better understand its toxicity and pollution remediation, we must understand the effects of Cd on living beings. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) is an eukaryotic unicellular model organism. It has provided much scientific knowledge about cellular and molecular biology in addition to its economic benefits. Effects associated with copper and zinc, sulfur and selenium metabolism, calcium (Ca2+) balance/signaling, and structure of phospholipids as a result of exposure to cadmium have been evaluated. In yeast as a result of cadmium stress, "mitogen-activated protein kinase," "high osmolarity glycerol," and "cell wall integrity" pathways have been reported to activate different signaling pathways. In addition, abnormalities and changes in protein structure, ribosomes, cell cycle disruption, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) following cadmium cytotoxicity have also been detailed. Moreover, the key OLE1 gene that encodes for delta-9 FA desaturase in relation to cadmium toxicity has been discussed in more detail. Keeping all these studies in mind, an attempt has been made to evaluate published cellular and molecular toxicity data related to Cd stress, and specifically published on S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munir Ozturk
- Department of Botany and Centre for Environmental Studies, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Mert Metin
- Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Volkan Altay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Luigi De Filippis
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 123, Australia
| | - Bengu Turkyilmaz Ünal
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biotechnology, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Anum Khursheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Alvina Gul
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kamuran Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tomonori Kawano
- Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Pedro García Caparrós
- Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañadade San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
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707
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Rashwan HM, Mohammed HE, El-Nekeety AA, Hamza ZK, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Bioactive phytochemicals from Salvia officinalis attenuate cadmium-induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68498-68512. [PMID: 34275073 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the bioactive phytochemicals in Salvia officinalis essential oil, to determine the polyphenols in the aqueous extract (SOE), and to evaluate their protective role against cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in rats. Six groups of female rats were treated orally for 2 weeks including the control group, CdCl2-treated group, SOE-treated groups at low or high dose (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w), and CdCl2 plus SOE-treated groups at the two doses. The GC-MS analysis identified 39 compounds; the main compounds were 9-octadecenamide, eucalyptol, palmitic acid, and oleic acid. However, the HPLC analysis showed 12 polyphenolic compounds and the majority were coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, coffeic acid, catechin, vanillin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and rutin. In the biological study, rats received CdCl2 displayed severe disturbances in liver and kidney indices alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (Alb), total protein (TP), total bilirubin (T. Bil), direct bilirubin (D. Bil), creatinine, uric acid, and urea, lipid profile, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and CEA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), gene expressions, DNA fragmentation, and histological alterations in the liver and kidney tissue. SOE showed a potent antioxidant and mitigated these alterations in serum and tissue. Moreover, the high dose succeeded to normalize most of the tested parameters and histological features. It could be concluded that S. officinalis is a promising source for bioactive compounds with therapeutic benefits against environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M Rashwan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Arish University, North Sinai, Al-Arish, Egypt
| | - Hagar E Mohammed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Arish University, North Sinai, Al-Arish, Egypt
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab K Hamza
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nabila S Hassan
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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708
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Cadmium and Lead Content in Selected Fungi from Poland and Their Edible Safety Assessment. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237289. [PMID: 34885869 PMCID: PMC8658849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are able to accumulate toxic trace elements. This study investigates the content of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in selected species of fungi (Boletus badius, Boletus edulis, and Cantharellus cibarius) from the northeastern part of Poland and estimates their edible safety. The amount of Cd and Pb was determined by flameless atomic spectrometry using the iCE 3000 Series-Thermo. The mean content of Cd in analyzed mushrooms ranged from 0.370 to 2.151 mg/kg d.w., while Pb was found at the level of 0.243–0.424 mg/kg d.w. Boletus edulis was characterized by the highest content of Cd, whereas Cantharellus cibarius contained the biggest amount of Pb. Estimated exposure to the Cd intake expressed as percentage share in TWI (Tolerable Weekly Intake) was at the highest level in Boletus edulis (30.87%), which could be associated with the risk of excessive Cd accumulation in the body.
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709
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Naqvi F, Anwar K, Beg S. Ex Situ Method for Photoreduction of the Cadmium Ion from Terbium-Loaded Bismuth Vanadium Oxide. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31716-31726. [PMID: 34869995 PMCID: PMC8638003 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The photoreduction of Cd (II) to Cd (0) was performed using Bi4V2O11, which was tremendously enhanced by Tb3+-doped Bi4V2O11. The relationship between charge carrier isolation and light harvesting was studied in depth in this research, and a promising technique for fabricating effective photocatalysts for heavy metals was discovered. Lattice disorder effects due to size variance between V5+ and Tb3+ cations in Bi4V2O11 nanomaterials substituted with an invariable Tb3+ cation at different concentrations (x = 15, 20, and 25%). Bi4V2O11 and 15% Tb/Bi4V2O11 evidenced a coexistence of monoclinic (α-phase) with a CS/m symmetry, while 25% Tb/Bi4V2O11 was tetragonal (γ-phase) with an I4/mmm symmetry. Raman scattering experiments elucidated the changes in Bi4V2O11 lattice corresponding to oxygen motion, suggesting significant destabilization of the VO4 tetrahedra after addition of Tb3+. The SEM micrograph depicted a disparity in the microstructure with reduced grain size in 25% Tb/Bi4V2O11 samples. However, the TEM micrographs of 25% Tb/Bi4V2O11 nanomaterials revealed that crystallite sizes of 25-35 nm were obtained, presenting a single tetragonal phase, highly homogeneous in nature. Impedance spectroscopy was used to study the conductivity of these compounds in the temperature range of 300 °C. At 300 °C, the compounds with x = 25% showed a conductivity of 15.92 S cm-1. The conductivity values were found to be comparable with the highest values reported in the literature for similar compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faria
K. Naqvi
- Physical Chemistry Lab Department of
Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Kaseed Anwar
- Physical Chemistry Lab Department of
Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Saba Beg
- Physical Chemistry Lab Department of
Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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710
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Cadmium-Induced Kidney Injury in Mice Is Counteracted by a Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Bergamot Juice, Alone or in Association with Curcumin and Resveratrol, via the Enhancement of Different Defense Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121797. [PMID: 34944613 PMCID: PMC8698830 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) represents a public health risk due to its non-biodegradability and long biological half-life. The main target of Cd is considered the kidney, where it accumulates. No effective treatment for Cd poisoning is available so that several therapeutic approaches were proposed to prevent damages after Cd exposure. We evaluated the effects of a flavonoid-rich extract of bergamot juice (BJe), alone or in association with curcumin (Cur) and resveratrol (Re), in the kidney of mice exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Male mice were administered with CdCl2 and treated with Cur, Re, or BJe alone or in combination for 14 days. The kidneys were processed for biochemical, structural and morphometric evaluation. Cd treatment significantly increased urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, along with tp53, Bax, Nos2 and Il1b mRNA, while reduced that of Bcl2, as well as glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Moreover, Cd caused damages to glomeruli and tubules, and increased Nrf2, Nqo1 and Hmox1 gene expression. Cur, Re and BJe at 40 mg/kg significantly improved all parameters, while BJe at 20 mg/kg showed a lower protective effect. After treatment with the associations of the three nutraceuticals, all parameters were close to normal, thus suggesting a new potential strategy in the protection of renal functions in subjects exposed to environmental toxicants.
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711
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Kısadere İ, Karaman M, Aydın MF, Donmez N, Usta M. The protective effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:755-763. [PMID: 34842077 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.2008852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on some antioxidant and cytokine levels in the rat hippocampus as well as synaptophysin (SYP) immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex of the cadmium (Cd) exposed rats. Thirty-two male albino Wistar rats were divided randomly into four equal groups as control (C; n = 8), Cd (n = 8), COS (n = 8), and Cd + COS (CdCOS; n = 8). The rats in the Cd and CdCOS groups received Cd chloride (CdCl2) (2 mg/kg/d) orally by gastric gavage three times a week for 4 weeks. Besides, COS (200 mg/kg/d) was administered to COS and CdCOS groups five times a week for 4 weeks. Then, they were decapitated and hippocampal/cerebral cortex tissue samples were taken for measurement of GSH levels, CAT and SOD activities, MDA values, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels as well as SYP immunoreactivity. Although tissue GSH levels were determined the lowest in the Cd group, these values were attenuated with COS treatment in the CdCOS group (p < .01). In addition, TNF-α levels were alleviated by COS treatment in the CdCOS group when compared to Cd (p < .01). SYP-positive cells were investigated in the cerebral cortex and found mild in the CdCOS group. COS exhibits potential protective effects on Cd-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- İhsan Kısadere
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Musa Karaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Faruk Aydın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Donmez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Usta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balikesir, Turkey
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712
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Exposure to airborne cadmium and breast cancer stage, grade and histology at diagnosis: findings from the E3N cohort study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23088. [PMID: 34845239 PMCID: PMC8630221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular studies suggest that cadmium due to its estrogenic properties, might play a role in breast cancer (BC) progression. However epidemiological evidence is limited. This study explored the association between long-term exposure to airborne cadmium and risk of BC by stage, grade of differentiation, and histological types at diagnosis. A nested case-control study of 4401 cases and 4401 matched controls was conducted within the French E3N cohort. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based metric demonstrated to reliably characterize long-term environmental exposures was employed to evaluate airborne exposure to cadmium. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models. There was no relationship between cadmium exposure and stage of BC. Also, no association between cadmium exposure and grade of differentiation of BC was observed. However, further analyses by histological type suggested a positive association between cadmium and risk of invasive tubular carcinoma (ITC) BC [ORQ5 vs Q1 = 3.4 (95% CI 1.1-10.7)]. The restricted cubic spline assessment suggested a dose-response relationship between cadmium and ITC BC subtype. Our results do not support the hypothesis that airborne cadmium exposure may play a role in advanced BC risk, but suggest that cadmium may be associated with an increased risk of ITC.
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713
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The Risk Factors of Blood Cadmium Elevation in Chronic Kidney Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312337. [PMID: 34886064 PMCID: PMC8656955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Low-level cadmium exposure has adverse effects on chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the risk factors for elevated blood cadmium levels (BCLs) have not been studied in CKD. We conducted a cross-sectional investigation in 200 CKD patients and stratified them by the tertiles of BCL to compare their demographic, environmental, and biochemical data. The factors associated with BCL were identified, and their effects were examined in subgroups. In the analyses, female sex, smoking, and CKD stage 5D were associated with high BCL, and statin was inversely correlated with BCL (odds ratio [95% confidence interval, CI], 6.858 [2.381–19.746], p < 0.001, 11.719 [2.843–48.296], p = 0.001, 30.333 [2.252–408.520], p = 0.010, and 0.326 [0.122–0.873], p = 0.026; deviations of BCL [nmol/L, 95% CI], 2.66 [1.33–4.00], p < 0.001, 3.68 [1.81–5.56], p < 0.001, 3.38 [0.95–5.82], p = 0.007, and −2.07 [−3.35–−0.78], p = 0.002). These factors were also independently correlated with BCL in subgroups, including non-dialysis CKD, hypertensive patients, non-smokers, and male patients. In conclusion, female sex, smoking, and CKD stage 5D were the major risk factors for elevated BCL; additionally, statins were negatively associated with BCL in CKD.
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714
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Zeng L, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang M, Su P. Cadmium attenuates testosterone synthesis by promoting ferroptosis and blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:176-188. [PMID: 34610361 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly defined programmed cell death pathway characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. Increasing studies show that autophagy regulates testosterone synthesis and promotes ferroptosis. Testosterone is essential for sexual development and the maintenance of male characteristics. The deficiency of testosterone induced by cadmium (Cd) can severely affect male fertility. However, the underlying mechanism of testosterone reduction after Cd exposure remains blurry. In this study, we found that Cd affected iron homeostasis and elicited ferroptosis, ultimately reducing testosterone production. Mechanically, our findings revealed that Cd-induced ferroptosis depended upon the excessive activation of Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and the release of free iron from heme. Additionally, Cd exposure promoted autophagosome formation but blocked autophagosome-lysosome fusion, which attenuated the absorption of total cholesterol and triglycerides, further aggravating testosterone synthesis disorder. Collectively, Cd induced ferroptosis by iron homeostasis dysregulation, mediated by excessive activation of HMOX-1. The disruption of autophagy flow contributed to Cd-induced testicular dysfunction and attenuated testosterone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Jinzhao Zhou
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Mei Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Ping Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, PR China.
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715
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Abdallah EAA, El-Refaei MF. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester mitigates infertility: A crucial role of metalloproteinase and angiogenic factor in cadmium-induced testicular damage. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22960. [PMID: 34791780 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is expected to cause deleterious effects on most organs, especially on the male reproductive system. The current study was performed to assess the effect of Cd on fertility in Swiss mice and to evaluate the protective role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in relieving the detrimental effect of Cd. The mice were divided into four groups of 10: normal Group I received distilled water. Group II, III, and IV were injected 3 mg/kg body weight with Cd intraperitoneally for four consecutive days. Group III received saline. Group IV was treated with 3 mg/kg/day CAPE intraperitoneally for 6 days. Results indicated that CAPE brings about a highly significant improvement in fertility parameters, spermatogenesis, and reduced apoptotic percent. Moreover, metalloprotease-3 (MMP-3) and vascular endothelial growth factor reduced significantly. Overall, our results strongly suggest that CAPE has a protective effect, counteracts the toxic effects of Cd, and prevents testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A A Abdallah
- Department of Forensic and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F El-Refaei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Genetic Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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716
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Wen X, Li T, Xu X. Cadmium exposure in US adults, research based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 2018. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 29:22293-22305. [PMID: 34782977 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental contaminant that has a wide range of adverse effects on human health. We described the distribution of blood Cd levels (BCLs) and urinary Cd levels (UCLs) in US adults aging ≥ 18 years over a 30-year period by using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III and continuous NHANES (1999-2018). Geometric mean (GM) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated among participants with valid BCLs (n=47889) or UCLs (n=33003). The prevalence of BCLs ≥ 0.5, ≥ 1.0 ug/L and UCLs ≥ 0.5, ≥ 1.0 ug/g creatinine were estimated. The results showed that for men and women, respectively, GM BCLs declined from 0.458 and 0.472 ug/L in 1999-2000 to 0.252 and 0.330 ug/L in 2017-2018, while GM UCLs declined from 0.266 and 0.376 ug/g creatinine in 1988-1991 to 0.145 and 0.231 ug/g creatinine in 2015-2016. The estimated prevalence of UCLs ≥ 0.5 ug/g creatinine among men and women declined from 31.96 and 45.34% during 1988-1991 to 7.88 and 18.73% in 2015-2016. Higher Cd exposure was associated with females, older age, poverty, lower education, and smoking. These results indicate that Cd exposure in US adults has declined over the past 30 years. However, there are still approximately 7.88% US men and 18.73% US women being exposed to Cd at levels reported to show toxic effects on kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wen
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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717
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Effects of Cadmium Sulfate on the Brown Garden Snail Cornu aspersum: Implications for DNA Methylation. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110306. [PMID: 34822697 PMCID: PMC8619149 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An extensive literature exists regarding the cellular, physiological, and genetic effects of cadmium (Cd)—A highly toxic, but commonly used trace metal in modern industry. However, limited data are available on its epigenetic effects, especially for terrestrial sentinel invertebrates. We determined Cd retention, total DNA methylation, and the methylation status of 5′ end of the Cd-MT gene in the hepatopancreas of the brown garden snail, Cornu aspersum, fed Cd sulfate for four weeks. Bodyweight changes and survival were also measured. Hepatopancreas cadmium increased in a dose-dependent manner from the third-lowest dose onward, with very large amounts being found for the highest treatment group. However, no mortalities occurred, irrespective of dietary Cd dose. We identified significant genome-wide hypermethylation in specimens given the highest dose, which overlapped with a significant bodyweight decrease. The Cd-MT gene showed an unmethylated 5′ end of the Cd-MT gene and this status was not affected by cadmium exposure. Hepatopancreas DNA methylation is as sensitive as bodyweight to non-lethal concentrations of dietary Cd given as cadmium sulfate but less responsive than tissue accumulation. Such an exposure event, by contrast, does not affect the methylation status of the Cd-MT gene 5′ end.
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718
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Mahmoud A, AbdElgawad H, Hamed BA, Beemster GT, El-Shafey NM. Differences in Cadmium Accumulation, Detoxification and Antioxidant Defenses between Contrasting Maize Cultivars Implicate a Role of Superoxide Dismutase in Cd Tolerance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1812. [PMID: 34829683 PMCID: PMC8614887 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a readily absorbed and translocated toxic heavy metal, inhibits plant growth, interrupts metabolic homeostasis and induces oxidative damage. Responses towards Cd-stress differ among plant cultivars, and the complex integrated relationships between Cd accumulation, detoxification mechanisms and antioxidant defenses still need to be unraveled. To this end, 12 Egyptian maize cultivars were grown under Cd-stress to test their Cd-stress tolerance. Out of these cultivars, tolerant (TWC360 and TWC321), moderately sensitive (TWC324) and sensitive (SC128) cultivars were selected, and we determined their response to Cd in terms of biomass, Cd accumulation and antioxidant defense system. The reduction in biomass was highly obvious in sensitive cultivars, while TWC360 and TWC321 showed high Cd-tolerance. The cultivar TWC321 showed lower Cd uptake concurrently with an enhanced antioxidant defense system. Interestingly, TWC360 accumulated more Cd in the shoot, accompanied with increased Cd detoxification and sequestration. A principal component analysis revealed a clear separation between the sensitive and tolerant cultivars with significance of the antioxidant defenses, including superoxide dismutase (SOD). To confirm the involvement of SOD in Cd-tolerance, we studied the effect of Cd-stress on a transgenic maize line (TG) constitutively overexpressing AtFeSOD gene in comparison to its wild type (WT). Compared to their WT, the TG plants showed less Cd accumulation and improved growth, physiology, antioxidant and detoxification systems. These results demonstrate the role of SOD in determining Cd-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Mahmoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Badreldin A. Hamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Gerrit T.S. Beemster
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Nadia M. El-Shafey
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
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719
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Quilaqueo N, Villegas JV. Endocrine disruptor chemicals. A review of their effects on male reproduction and antioxidants as a strategy to counter it. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14302. [PMID: 34761829 DOI: 10.1111/and.14302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disruptor chemicals are exogenous molecules that generate adverse effects on human health by destabilizing the homeostasis of endocrine system and affecting directly human reproductive system by inhibiting or activating oestrogenic or androgenic receptors. Endocrine disruptor chemicals generate transgenerational epigenetic problems, besides being associated with male infertility. Epidemiological data indicate that the increase in reproductive problems in males in the last 50 years is correlated with the increase of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment, being associated with a decrease in semen quality and direct effects on spermatozoa, such as alterations in motility, viability and acrosomal reaction, due to the generation of oxidative stress, and have also been postulated as a possible cause of testicular dysgenesis syndrome. Diverse antioxidants, such as C and E vitamins, N-acetylcysteine, selenium and natural vegetable extracts, are among the alternatives under study to counter the effects of endocrine disruptor chemicals. In some cases, the usage of them has given positive results and the opposite in others. In this review, we summarize the recent information about the effects of endocrine disruptor chemicals on male reproduction, on sperm cells, and the results of studies that have tested antioxidants as a strategy to diminish their harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Quilaqueo
- Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR - BIOREN), University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Juana V Villegas
- Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR - BIOREN), University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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720
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Dai SD, Wang S, Qin YN, Zhu JC. Multiomics Landscape Uncovers the Molecular Mechanism of the Malignant Evolution of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Chronic Low Dose Cadmium Exposure. Front Oncol 2021; 11:654687. [PMID: 34858801 PMCID: PMC8631903 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.654687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) from cigarette smoke and polluted air can lead to lung adenocarcinoma after long-term inhalation. However, most studies are based on short-term exposure to this toxic metal at high concentrations. Here, we investigate the effects of long-term exposure of A549 cells (lung adenocarcinoma) to cadmium at low concentrations using morphological and multiomics analyses. First, we treated A549 cells continuously with CdCl2 at 1μM for 8 months and found that CdCl2 promoted cellular migration and invasion. After that, we applied transmission electron and fluorescence microscopies and did not observe significant morphological changes in Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, or mitochondria on Cd treated cells; microfilaments, in contrast, accumulated in lamellipodium and adhesion plaques, which suggested that Cd enhanced cellular activity. Second, by using whole-exome sequencing (WES) we detected 4222 unique SNPs in Cd-treated cells, which included 382 unique non-synonymous mutation sites. The corresponding mutated genes, after GO and KEGG enrichments, were involved mainly in cell adhesion, movement, and metabolic pathways. Third, by RNA-seq analysis, we showed that 1250 genes (784 up and 466 down), 1623 mRNAs (1023 up and 591 down), and 679 lncRNAs (375 up and 304 down) were expressed differently. Furthermore, GO enrichment of these RNA-seq results suggested that most differentially expressed genes were related to cell adhesion and organization of the extracellular matrix in biological process terms; KEGG enrichment revealed that the differentially expressed genes took part in 26 pathways, among which the metabolic pathway was the most significant. These findings could be important for unveiling mechanisms of Cd-related cancers and for developing cancer therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Dong Dai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenyang Red Cross Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Qin
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Chao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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721
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Biscuit Contaminants, Their Sources and Mitigation Strategies: A Review. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112751. [PMID: 34829032 PMCID: PMC8621915 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The scientific literature is rich in investigations on the presence of various contaminants in biscuits, and of articles aimed at proposing innovative solutions for their control and prevention. However, the relevant information remains fragmented. Therefore, the objective of this work was to review the current state of the scientific literature on the possible contaminants of biscuits, considering physical, chemical, and biological hazards, and making a critical analysis of the solutions to reduce such contaminations. The raw materials are primary contributors of a wide series of contaminants. The successive processing steps and machinery must be monitored as well, because if they cannot improve the initial safety condition, they could worsen it. The most effective mitigation strategies involve product reformulation, and the use of alternative baking technologies to minimize the thermal load. Low oxygen permeable packaging materials (avoiding direct contact with recycled ones), and reformulation are effective for limiting the increase of contaminations during biscuit storage. Continuous monitoring of raw materials, intermediates, finished products, and processing conditions are therefore essential not only to meet current regulatory restrictions but also to achieve the aim of banning dietary contaminants and coping with related diseases.
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722
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Yosri N, Khalifa SAM, Guo Z, Xu B, Zou X, El-Seedi HR. Marine organisms: Pioneer natural sources of polysaccharides/proteins for green synthesis of nanoparticles and their potential applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1767-1798. [PMID: 34752793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Current innovations in the marine bionanotechnology arena are supporting and stimulating developments in other fields, including nanomedicine, pharmaceuticals, sensors, environmental trends, food, and agriculture aspects. Many oceanic creatures, particularly algae, plants, bacteria, yeast, fungi, cyanobacteria, actinomyces, invertebrates, animals and sponges can survive under extreme circumstances. They can biogenerate a broad spectrum of phytochemicals/metabolites, including proteins, peptides, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, carbohydrate polymers, polysaccharides, sulfated polysaccharides, polysaccharide-protein complexes such as carrageenan, fucoidanase, fucoidan, carboxymethyl cellulose, poly-γ-glutamic acid, sugar residues with proteins, melanin, haemocyanin, etc). These products exhibit exclusive advantages that offer pioneering roles in the eco-friendly fabrication of several nanoparticles (NPs) i.e., Ag, Au, Ru, Fe2O3, Cobalt (III) Oxide (Co2O3), ZnO and Ag@AgCl within a single phase. Importantly, marine organisms can biosynthesize NPs in two modes, namely extracellular and intracellular. Biosynthesized NPs can be characterized using various methodologies among them, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Taken together, this review focuses on the green synthesis of metallic, metallic oxides and nonmetallic NPs utilizing extracts/derivatives from marine organisms based on eco-friendly green biogenic procedures. Moreover, significant attention is given to the medicinal and industrial importance of such marine organisms mediated NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Yosri
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512 Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, BNU-HKBU United International College, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512 Shebin El-Kom, Egypt; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.
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723
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Rosendahl S, Anturaniemi J, Vuori KA, Moore R, Hemida M, Hielm-Björkman A. Diet and dog characteristics affect major and trace elements in hair and blood of healthy dogs. Vet Res Commun 2021; 46:261-275. [PMID: 34741715 PMCID: PMC8791866 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09854-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Obtaining correct amounts of essential elements, and avoiding toxic metals are key factors in dog health. Through analyzing major and trace elements in hair and blood of 50 healthy companion dogs using ICP-MS, we study their associations with dog characteristics and diet, hypothesizing that eating the same diet long-term results in strong correlations between hair and blood element concentrations, and that dog characteristics and diet affect element status. The correlation between hair and blood was significant for Hg (R = 0.601, p = 0.000) and Pb (R = 0.384, p = 0.010). The following associations were significant (p < 0.05): Dark hair had higher Ca and Mg compared to light hair. Females had higher hair Zn, blood Mn, and blood As compared to males. Blood Mn and Se increased, while blood Pb decreased with age. Raw diet fed dogs had higher hair Zn and Se compared to dry or mixed diet fed dogs, and lower blood Mn compared to dry diet fed dogs. Dry and mixed diet fed dogs had higher blood Cd compared to raw diet fed dogs. Mixed diet fed dogs had higher hair Ca and Mg compared to raw or dry diet fed dogs, and higher hair Pb compared to dry diet fed dogs. Wild game consumption was associated with higher blood Pb, and rice consumption with higher blood As. In conclusion, hair provides an alternative for assessing Hg and Pb exposure, and major and trace elements status is affected by hair color, sex, age, and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rosendahl
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Johanna Anturaniemi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina A Vuori
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robin Moore
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manal Hemida
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hielm-Björkman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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724
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Demenkov PS, Oshchepkova ЕА, Demenkov PS, Ivanisenko TV, Ivanisenko VA. Prioritization of biological processes based on the reconstruction and analysis of associative gene networks describing the response of plants to adverse environmental factors. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 25:580-592. [PMID: 34723066 PMCID: PMC8543060 DOI: 10.18699/vj21.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods for prioritizing or ranking candidate genes according to their importance based on specif ic criteria
via the analysis of gene networks are widely used in biomedicine to search for genes associated with diseases and to
predict biomarkers, pharmacological targets and other clinically relevant molecules. These methods have also been
used in other f ields, particularly in crop production. This is largely due to the development of technologies to solve
problems in marker-oriented and genomic selection, which requires knowledge of the molecular genetic mechanisms
underlying the formation of agriculturally valuable traits. A new direction for the study of molecular genetic mechanisms
is the prioritization of biological processes based on the analysis of associative gene networks. Associative gene
networks are heterogeneous networks whose vertices can depict both molecular genetic objects (genes, proteins, metabolites,
etc.) and the higher-level factors (biological processes, diseases, external environmental factors, etc.) related
to regulatory, physicochemical or associative interactions. Using a previously developed method, biological processes
involved in plant responses to increased cadmium content, saline stress and drought conditions were prioritized according
to their degree of connection with the gene networks in the SOLANUM TUBEROSUM knowledge base. The
prioritization results indicate that fundamental processes, such as gene expression, post-translational modif ications,
protein degradation, programmed cell death, photosynthesis, signal transmission and stress response play important
roles in the common molecular genetic mechanisms for plant response to various adverse factors. On the other hand, a
group of processes related to the development of seeds (“seeding development”) was revealed to be drought specif ic,
while processes associated with ion transport (“ion transport”) were included in the list of responses specif ic to salt
stress and processes associated with the metabolism of lipids were found to be involved specif ically in the response to
cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Е А Oshchepkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P S Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T V Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V A Ivanisenko
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russiavosibirsk, Russia Kurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
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725
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Alshammari GM, Al-Qahtani WH, Alshuniaber MA, Yagoub AEA, Al-Khalifah AS, Al-Harbi LN, Alhussain MH, AlSedairy SA, Yahya MA. Quercetin improves the impairment in memory function and attenuates hippocampal damage in cadmium chloride-intoxicated male rats by suppressing acetylcholinesterase and concomitant activation of SIRT1 signaling. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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726
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Xu Z, Liu J, Wang E, Zhao C, Hu X, Chu KH, Wang L. Detoxification and recovery after cadmium exposure in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58050-58067. [PMID: 34101120 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14528-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common pollutant in the aquatic environment, which puts the health and safety of aquatic organisms and humans at risk. In the present study, the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense was exposed to Cd (0, 50, 100, and 500 μg·L-1) for 14 d (0-14th d), followed by 21 d (14-35th d) of depuration. The changes in Cd bioaccumulation, microstructure, biomacromolecules (polysaccharides, neutral lipids, DNA and total proteins), and biochemical parameters (SOD, CAT, GR, TrxR, MDA and AChE) in the gills and hepatopancreas were tested. The injured microstructure, activated antioxidant system, increased MDA, and inhibited AChE of the gills and hepatopancreas responded with progressive bioaccumulation of Cd. Meanwhile, the polysaccharides and neutral lipids in the hepatopancreas reduced and DNA synthesis enhanced. During depuration, more than 58.80 ± 8.53% and 13.84 ± 12.11% of Cd was excreted from the gills and hepatopancreas, respectively. Recovery of microstructure and biomacromolecules as well as alleviated oxidative damage and neurotoxicity were also found in these two organs. Additionally, based on PCA, Ihis, GR and MDA were identified as the optimal biomarkers indicating the health status of crabs. In conclusion, S. henanense could resist Cd stress through antioxidant defence and self-detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Xu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ermeng Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chenyun Zhao
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xuelei Hu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, 510303, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ka Hou Chu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China.
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727
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Halcrow PW, Lynch ML, Geiger JD, Ohm JE. Role of endolysosome function in iron metabolism and brain carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:74-85. [PMID: 34139350 PMCID: PMC8627927 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron, the most abundant metal in human brain, is an essential microelement that regulates numerous cellular mechanisms. Some key physiological roles of iron include oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, embryonic neuronal development, formation of iron-sulfur clusters, and the regulation of enzymes involved in DNA synthesis and repair. Because of its physiological and pathological importance, iron homeostasis must be tightly regulated by balancing its uptake, transport, and storage. Endosomes and lysosomes (endolysosomes) are acidic organelles known to contain readily releasable stores of various cations including iron and other metals. Increased levels of ferrous (Fe2+) iron can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) via Fenton chemistry reactions and these increases can damage mitochondria and genomic DNA as well as promote carcinogenesis. Accumulation of iron in the brain has been linked with aging, diet, disease, and cerebral hemorrhage. Further, deregulation of brain iron metabolism has been implicated in carcinogenesis and may be a contributing factor to the increased incidence of brain tumors around the world. Here, we provide insight into mechanisms by which iron accumulation in endolysosomes is altered by pH and lysosome membrane permeabilization. Such events generate excess ROS resulting in mitochondrial DNA damage, fission, and dysfunction, as well as DNA oxidative damage in the nucleus; all of which promote carcinogenesis. A better understanding of the roles that endolysosome iron plays in carcinogenesis may help better inform the development of strategic therapeutic options for cancer treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Halcrow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Miranda L Lynch
- Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan D Geiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Joyce E Ohm
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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728
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Study of Atmospheric Pollution and Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study for the Sharjah and Ajman Emirates (UAE). ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12111442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dust is a significant pollution source in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) that impacts population health. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in the air in the Sharjah and Ajman emirates’ urban areas and assesses the health risk. Three indicators were used for this purpose: the average daily dose (ADD), the hazard quotient (HQ), and the health index (HI). Data were collected during the period April–August 2020. Moreover, the observation sites were clustered based on the pollutants’ concentration, given that the greater the heavy metal concentration is, the greater is the risk for the population health. The most abundant heavy metal found in the atmosphere was Zn, with a mean concentration of 160.30 mg/kg, the concentrations of other metals being in the following order: Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Cd. The mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Cr were within the range of background values, while those of Cu, Ni, and Zn were higher than the background values, indicating anthropogenic pollution. For adults, the mean ADD values of heavy metals decreased from Zn to Cd (Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Cd). The HQ (HI) suggested an acceptable (negligible) level of non-carcinogenic harmful health risk to residents’ health. The sites were grouped in three clusters, one of them containing a single location, where the highest concentrations of heavy metals were found.
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729
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Zhao C, Yu D, He Z, Bao L, Feng L, Chen L, Liu Z, Hu X, Zhang N, Wang T, Fu Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy activation is involved in cadmium-induced ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:236-248. [PMID: 34520822 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute cadmium (Cd) exposure is a significant risk factor for renal injury and lacks effective treatment strategies. Ferroptosis is a recently identified iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death mediated by membrane damage resulting from lipid peroxidation, and it is implicated in many diseases. However, whether ferroptosis is involved in Cd-induced renal injury and, if so, how it operates. Here, we show that Cd can induce ferroptosis in kidney and renal tubular epithelial cells, as demonstrated by elevation of intracellular iron levels and lipid peroxidation, as well as impaired antioxidant production. Treatment with a ferroptosis inhibitor alleviated Cd-induced cell death. Intriguingly, we established that Cd-induced ferroptosis depended on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, by demonstrating that Cd activated the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway and that inhibition of ER stress reduced ferroptosis caused by Cd. We further found that autophagy was required for Cd-induced ferroptosis because the inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine mitigated Cd-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, we showed that iron dysregulation by ferritinophagy contributed to Cd-induced ferroptosis, by showing that the iron chelator desferrioxamine alleviated Cd-induced cell death and lipid peroxidation. In addition, ER stress is likely activated by MitoROS which trigger autophagy and ferroptosis. Collectively, our results indicate that ferroptosis is involved in Cd-induced renal toxicity and regulated by the MitoROS-ER stress-ferritinophagy axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Duo Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Zhaoqi He
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Lijuan Bao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Lianjun Feng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Luotong Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Zhuoyu Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
| | - Yunhe Fu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
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730
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Brdarić E, Soković Bajić S, Đokić J, Đurđić S, Ruas-Madiedo P, Stevanović M, Tolinački M, Dinić M, Mutić J, Golić N, Živković M. Protective Effect of an Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8 Against Cadmium-Induced Toxicity in Caco-2 Cells. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:759378. [PMID: 34790183 PMCID: PMC8591446 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.759378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) ranks seventh on the list of most significant potential threats to human health based on its suspected toxicity and the possibility of exposure to it. It has been reported that some bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have the ability to bind heavy metal ions. We therefore investigated the capacity of eight EPS-producing lactobacilli to adsorb Cd in the present study, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8 was chosen as the best candidate. In addition, we demonstrate that an EPS derived from BGAN8 (EPS-AN8) exhibits a high Cd-binding capacity and prevents Cd-mediated toxicity in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. Simultaneous use of EPS-AN8 with Cd treatment prevents inflammation, disruption of tight-junction proteins, and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that the EPS in question has a strong potential to be used as a postbiotic in combatting the adverse effects of Cd. Moreover, we show that higher concentrations of EPS-AN8 can alleviate Cd-induced cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Brdarić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Soković Bajić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Đokić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Đurđić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Asturias, Spain
| | - Magdalena Stevanović
- Institute of Technical Sciences, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Tolinački
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Dinić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mutić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Golić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Živković
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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731
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Zhang X, Ma L, Tang Y, Han J, Qi Y, Huang D. Low-dose cadmium exposure facilitates cell proliferation by promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1A and DAPK1 genes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2313-2321. [PMID: 34402589 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) at low concentrations has a potential to promote cell proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms of Cd-induced proliferation are not well understood. Here, we reported that Cd (0-500 nM) significantly promoted the proliferation of HepG2 cells as demonstrated by elevated cell viability, more EdU-positive cells and increased gene expression of KI-67 and COX-2. Meanwhile, the gene expression of DNA methyltransferases was found to be elevated while that of tumor suppressor genes DAPK1 and RASSF1A were decreased under Cd exposure. Correspondingly, the methylation level of promoters in DAPK1 and RASSF1A were increased. Specifically, the CpG sites at -461 (Chr3:50, 374, 481) of RASSF1A promoter, and that at -260 (Chr9:90, 113, 207), -239 (Chr9:90, 113, 228), and -68 (Chr9:90, 113, 399) of DAPK1 promoter, were significantly hypermethylated. Moreover, 5-azacytidine (an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase) partly impaired Cd-induced promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1A and DAPK1 genes, increased their expressions and slowed down Cd-induced cell proliferation, suggesting that DNA methylation play an essential part in Cd-boosted proliferation. The study showed that Cd caused promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1A and DAPK1, decreasing their expression and leading to higher level of cell proliferation. Furthermore, Cd at low concentrations could influence DNA methylation, which may serve as the proliferative mechanism of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Wildlife Management, Administration of Wildlife, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Tang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiangyuan Han
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Qi
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dejun Huang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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732
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Immunomodulation by heavy metals as a contributing factor to inflammatory diseases and autoimmune reactions: Cadmium as an example. Immunol Lett 2021; 240:106-122. [PMID: 34688722 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) represents a unique hazard because of the long biological half-life in humans (20-30 years). This metal accumulates in organs causing a continuum of responses, with organ disease/failure as extreme outcome. Some of the cellular and molecular alterations in target tissues can be related to immune-modulating potential of Cd. This metal may cause adverse responses in which components of the immune system function as both mediators and effectors of Cd tissue toxicity, which, in combination with Cd-induced alterations in homeostatic reparative activities may contribute to tissue dysfunction. In this work, current knowledge concerning inflammatory/autoimmune disease manifestations found to be related with cadmium exposure are summarized. Along with epidemiological evidence, animal and in vitro data are presented, with focus on cellular and molecular immune mechanisms potentially relevant for the disease susceptibility, disease promotion, or facilitating development of pre-existing pathologies.
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733
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Chiu LC, Hsu PC, Yen TH, Kuo SCH, Fang YF, Lo YL, Lin SM, Yang CT, Lee CS. Blood Cadmium Levels and Oxygen Desaturation during the 6-Minute Walk Test in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Medicina (B Aires) 2021; 57:medicina57111160. [PMID: 34833378 PMCID: PMC8619611 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation and a history of exposure to noxious stimuli. Cigarette smoking is the most important causal factor for developing COPD. Cadmium, a minor metallic element, is one of the main inorganic components in tobacco smoke. Inhaled cadmium was associated with a decline in lung function, gas exchange impairment, and the development of obstructive lung disease. Patients with COPD who had oxygen desaturation during the 6-min walk test (6MWT) had a significantly worse prognosis than non-desaturation in COPD patients. Nonetheless, few studies have addressed the influence of blood cadmium levels on exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in COPD patients. Our objective was to assess the potential impact of blood cadmium levels on oxygen desaturation during the 6MWT among COPD patients. Materials and Methods: we performed a retrospective analysis of patients with COPD who were examined for blood cadmium levels in a tertiary care referral center in Taiwan, between March 2020 and May 2021. The 6-min walk test was performed. Normal control subjects who had no evidence of COPD were also enrolled. Results: a total of 73 COPD patients were analyzed and stratified into the high-blood cadmium group (13 patients) and low-blood cadmium group (60 patients). A total of 50 normal control subjects without a diagnosis of COPD were enrolled. The high-blood cadmium group had a significantly higher extent of desaturation than the low-blood cadmium group. The frequency of desaturation during 6MWT revealed a stepwise-increasing trend with an increase in blood cadmium levels. A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that blood cadmium levels were independently associated with desaturation during the 6MWT (odds ratio 12.849 [95% CI 1.168–141.329]; p = 0.037). Conclusions: our findings indicate that blood cadmium levels, within the normal range, were significantly associated with desaturation during 6MWT in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chung Chiu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chih Hsu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Clinical Poison Center, Kidney Research Center, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Scott Chih-Hsi Kuo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Yueh-Fu Fang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Yu-Lun Lo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Shu-Min Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shu Lee
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (P.-C.H.); (S.C.-H.K.); (Y.-F.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (S.-M.L.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 8468)
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734
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Yan LJ, Allen DC. Cadmium-Induced Kidney Injury: Oxidative Damage as a Unifying Mechanism. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1575. [PMID: 34827573 PMCID: PMC8615899 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a nonessential metal that has heavily polluted the environment due to human activities. It can be absorbed into the human body via the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and the skin, and can cause chronic damage to the kidneys. The main site where cadmium accumulates and causes damage within the nephrons is the proximal tubule. This accumulation can induce dysfunction of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, leading to electron leakage and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cadmium may also impair the function of NADPH oxidase, resulting in another source of ROS. These ROS together can cause oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, triggering epithelial cell death and a decline in kidney function. In this article, we also reviewed evidence that the antioxidant power of plant extracts, herbal medicines, and pharmacological agents could ameliorate cadmium-induced kidney injury. Finally, a model of cadmium-induced kidney injury, centering on the notion that oxidative damage is a unifying mechanism of cadmium renal toxicity, is also presented. Given that cadmium exposure is inevitable, further studies using animal models are warranted for a detailed understanding of the mechanism underlying cadmium induced ROS production, and for the identification of more therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
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735
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Physiological Roles of Red Carrot Methanolic Extract and Vitamin E to Abrogate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Challenge and Apoptosis in Rat Testes: Involvement of the Bax/Bcl-2 Ratio. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111653. [PMID: 34829524 PMCID: PMC8615202 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise analysis of the contents of the red carrot is still ambiguous and its role in the maintenance of male fertility needs to be further reconnoitered. Hence, this study targets the physiological impacts of either red carrot methanolic extract (RCME) or vitamin E (Vit. E), co-administrated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on rat testes, specifically those concerned with apoptosis and oxidative challenge. Four groups of adult male rats (n = 12) are used; control, CdCl2, CdCl2 + Vit. E and CdCl2 + RCME. LC-MS analysis of RCME reveals the presence of 20 different phytochemical compounds. Our data clarify the deleterious effects of CdCl2 on testicular weights, semen quality, serum hormonal profile, oxidative markers and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Histopathological changes in testicular, prostatic and semen vesicle glandular tissues are also observed. Interestingly, our data clearly demonstrate that co-administration of either RCME or Vit. E with CdCl2 significantly succeeded in the modulation (p < 0.05) of all of these negative effects. The most striking is that they were potent enough to modulate the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio as well as having the ability to correct the impaired semen picture, oxidant status and hormonal profile. Thus, RCME and Vit. E could be used as effective prophylactic treatments to protect the male reproductive physiology against CdCl2 insult.
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736
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Mundy DC, Goldberg JL. Nanoparticles as Cell Tracking Agents in Human Ocular Cell Transplantation Therapy. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-021-00275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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737
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Arun KB, Madhavan A, Sindhu R, Emmanual S, Binod P, Pugazhendhi A, Sirohi R, Reshmy R, Awasthi MK, Gnansounou E, Pandey A. Probiotics and gut microbiome - Prospects and challenges in remediating heavy metal toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126676. [PMID: 34329091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome, often referred to as "super organ", comprises up to a hundred trillion microorganisms, and the species diversity may vary from person to person. They perform a decisive role in diverse biological functions related to metabolism, immunity and neurological responses. However, the microbiome is sensitive to environmental pollutants, especially heavy metals. There is continuous interaction between heavy metals and the microbiome. Heavy metal exposure retards the growth and changes the structure of the phyla involved in the gut microbiome. Meanwhile, the gut microbiome tries to detoxify the heavy metals by altering the physiological conditions, intestinal permeability, enhancing enzymes for metabolizing heavy metals. This review summarizes the effect of heavy metals in altering the gut microbiome, the mechanism by which gut microbiota detoxifies heavy metals, diseases developed due to heavy metal-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, and the usage of probiotics along with advancements in developing improved recombinant probiotic strains for the remediation of heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Arun
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Shibitha Emmanual
- Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College, Thrissur 680121, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Reshmy
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara 690110, Kerala, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, North West A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, ENAC GR-GN, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR, Indian Institute for Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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738
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Geotechnical and Environmental Assessment of Blast Furnace Slag for Engineering Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206029. [PMID: 34683619 PMCID: PMC8537200 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for building materials in the road industry creates interest for a new source of high-quality aggregates. In order to conserve natural resources, more attention is focused on anthropogenic soils and industrial solid wastes. For the successful application of these types of soil, a series of geotechnical and environmental tests have to be conducted. A potential hazard in the reuse of wastes from thermal degradation in the construction industry, particularly in reinforced concrete (RC) construction, is the migration of heavy metals into the groundwater environment. In this article, a geotechnical assessment of blast furnace slag (BFS) properties is presented. We conducted a series of CBR, and oedometric tests to evaluate the feasibility of BFS application in earth construction. The oedometric test results show acceptable compression characteristics which are in the range of natural aggregates. The CBR shows that this material may be used as a pavement subbase. We also noticed the preconsolidation pressure phenomenon in both Proctor and vibro-compacted soil during the oedometric test. The compression index and recompression index value show that the compression characteristics are close to those of dense sand. Based on the results described in the article, blast furnace slag is a candidate for technological application and can become one of the elements of sustainable development by contributing to a reduction in the negative environmental impact of production and use of building materials.
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739
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Zhu J, Yu L, Shen X, Tian F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhai Q. Protective Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 against Acute Toxicity Caused by Different Food-Derived Forms of Cadmium in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011045. [PMID: 34681701 PMCID: PMC8537435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that is toxic to almost every human organ. Oral supplementation with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been reported to alleviate cadmium toxicity. However, research on the mitigation of cadmium toxicity by LAB is still limited to inorganic cadmium, which is not representative of the varied forms of cadmium ingested daily. In this study, different foodborne forms of cadmium were adopted to establish an in vivo toxicity model, including cadmium–glutathione, cadmium–citrate, and cadmium–metallothionein. The ability of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 to reduce the toxic effects of these forms of cadmium was further investigated. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics technologies based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) were adopted for the exploration of relevant protective mechanisms. The results demonstrated that the consumption of CCFM8610 can reduce the content of cadmium in mice and relieve the oxidative stress caused by different food–derived forms of cadmium, indicating that CCFM8610 has a promising effect on the remediation of the toxic effects of cadmium food poisoning. Meanwhile, protective effects on gut microflora and serum metabolites might be an important mechanism for probiotics to alleviate cadmium toxicity. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of L. plantarum CCFM8610 to alleviate human cadmium poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xudan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute, Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (X.S.); (F.T.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence:
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740
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Thang NQ, Huy BT, Khanh DNN, Vy NTT, Phuong TH, Sy DT, Tham LT, Phuong NTK. Potential health risks of toxic heavy metals and nitrate via commonly consumed bivalve and vegetable species in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:54960-54971. [PMID: 34120286 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), inorganic arsenic (As), and nitrate exposure through the consumption of bivalves and vegetables collected from local markets in Ho Chi Minh City. The present study analyzed four favorite bivalve species (Meretrix lyrate; Perna viridis; Anadara subcrenata; Anadara granosa) for concentrations of Cd, Pb, and inorganic As and 9 vegetable species (Brassica juncea; Brassica integrifolia; Brassica rapa chinensis; Nasturtium officinale; Lactuca sativa; Ipomoea aquatica; Amaranthus gangeticus; Ipomoea batatas; Spinacia oleracea) for concentrations of Pb and nitrate. The target hazard quotient (THQ) and target cancer risk (TR) were calculated to estimate non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks, respectively. For bivalves, Cd and inorganic As were present at relatively lower concentrations, whereas a relatively higher accumulation of Pb was recorded. The THQ for Cd, Pb, or inorganic As was below the threshold of 1, suggesting no potential health risks. In the case of vegetables, Pb was present at relatively low concentrations, while nitrate accumulation was at relatively high concentrations. The THQ for nitrate was higher than the threshold of 1, suggesting a potential health risk. The combined effects are estimated according to the hazard index (HI), which shows the health risks associated with the consumption of these bivalves and vegetable species. Therefore, continuous and excess consumption for a lifetime of more than 70 years has a probability of target cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Quoc Thang
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bui The Huy
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, K7/25 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Dang Nguyen Nha Khanh
- National Institute of Applied Mechanics and Informatics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 291 Dien Bien Phu, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Thi Tuong Vy
- National Institute of Applied Mechanics and Informatics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 291 Dien Bien Phu, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Ha Phuong
- National Institute of Applied Mechanics and Informatics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 291 Dien Bien Phu, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Do Trung Sy
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Tham
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong
- National Institute of Applied Mechanics and Informatics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 291 Dien Bien Phu, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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741
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Yabanlı M, Şener İ, Yozukmaz A, Öner S, Yapıcı HH. Heavy metals in processed seafood products from Turkey: risk assessment for the consumers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53171-53180. [PMID: 34023999 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14569-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, concentrations of 6 different elements (copper (Cu), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) in 9 different processed seafood (marinated and smoked mackerel, smoked mackerel, marinated octopus tentacles, marinated octopus salad, marinated squid salad, salted and dried mackerel, marinated and smoked anchovy, smoked salmon and smoked bonito) randomly taken from markets in Mugla province (West Anatolia, Turkey) were determined with the method of inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) after microwave wet digestion process. In addition, risk assessment for consumer health was conducted by the determination of estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR). According to the obtained results, the seafood product samples with the highest concentrations of each metal were marinated and smoked anchovy for Fe (65.85 ± 16.03 mg kg-1), marinated and smoked anchovy for Zn (64.58 ± 25.16 mg kg-1), marinated octopus salad for Cu (26.33 ± 17.76 mg kg-1), smoked mackerel for Sn (0.42 ± 0.18 mg kg-1), smoked mackerel for Pb (0.28 ± 0.18 mg kg-1) and marinated squid salad for Cd (0.31 ± 0.12 mg kg-1). According to risk assessment for consumer health, it was found that EDI results did not exceed the tolerable daily intake (TDI) values. As a conclusion, any risk for consumer health in terms of CR, THQ and TTHQ values was not detected in the examined samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Yabanlı
- Department of Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - İdris Şener
- Department of Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Yozukmaz
- Department of Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Öner
- Department of Hotel Restaurant and Catering Services, Milas Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Hatice Hasanhocaoğlu Yapıcı
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
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742
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Yang J, Chen W, Sun Y, Liu J, Zhang W. Effects of cadmium on organ function, gut microbiota and its metabolomics profile in adolescent rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112501. [PMID: 34265528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure in adult animals can result in multi-organ damages and gut microbiota disturbance. However, Cd's consequences on health and gut microbiota during adolescence are obscure. In the present study, three-week-old SD rats were exposed to Cd at doses of 0, 0.25, 1, and 4 mg/kg body weight for eight weeks, and the changes of liver, kidney, and ovary function, as well as gut microbiota and its metabolomics profile, were analyzed. After transplantation of fecal bacteria from the 4 mg/kg Cd-treated group into age-matched rats (4 mg/kg-Cd recipients), the organ function and inflammatory reaction were evaluated. The results indicated that Cd perturbed gut microbiota composition, significantly decreased the abundance of Prevotella and Lachnoclostridium but increased Escherichia coli_Shigella. The fecal metabolome profile was altered and was closely correlated with some specific genera. These changes were accompanied by the inflammatory response, dyslipidemia, kidney dysfunction, and abnormal estrogen level. In 4 mg/kg-Cd recipients, the serum triglyceride (TG), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and inflammatory cytokines were increased with the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α genes up-regulated in liver and kidney. Overall, this study demonstrated that Cd exposure during adolescence could cause disturbance of gut microbiota, dysfunction of liver, kidney, and ovary, which may be correlated with the activation of Cd-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xueyan Road No. 1, Minhou Coudslanty, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jintai Road No. 76, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xueyan Road No. 1, Minhou Coudslanty, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xueyan Road No. 1, Minhou Coudslanty, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wenchang Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xueyan Road No. 1, Minhou Coudslanty, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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743
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Olowoyo JO, Macheka LR, Mametja PM. Health Risk Assessments of Selected Trace Elements and Factors Associated with Their Levels in Human Breast Milk from Pretoria, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9754. [PMID: 34574682 PMCID: PMC8464967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While breast milk is the recommended food for infants up to at least six months, exogenously derived compounds such as trace elements have been widely reported in human milk which may make it become toxic or a source of pollutants to the infants. Numerous short- and long-term health effects have been associated with high body-burdens of trace elements, which are amplified in infants. The current study determined the levels and possible contributing factors of six trace elements in breast milk of nursing mothers from a local hospital in Pretoria. Extraction of trace elements employed a digestion technique using perchloric and nitric acid in a ratio of 1:3, while Inductively Coupled Plasma-Membrane Spectrophotometry was used to identify and quantify their levels in breast milk. Concentrations of Cr and Mn were the highest in breast milk, with values ranging from 0.30 to 5.72 µg/L and 0.23 to 5.13 µg/L, respectively. Levels of Co, As, Pb and Cd ranged from
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua O. Olowoyo
- Department of Biology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O Box 139, Pretoria 0204, South Africa; (L.R.M.); (P.M.M.)
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744
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Zhang H, Lu X, Wang Z, Yan X, Cui H. Excretion from long glandular trichomes contributes to alleviation of cadmium toxicity in Nicotiana tabacum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117184. [PMID: 33962307 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The B-type cyclin gene, CycB2, serves as a negative regulator of glandular trichome initiation. Through targeted knockout of NtCycB2 in Nicotiana tabacum cv. K326 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we created a variety, HK326, which exhibits significantly increased density and larger glandular heads of long glandular trichomes. Under Cd-stress, HK326 exhibited enhanced Cd tolerance, as demonstrated by a robust root system, strengthened cell membrane stability, and higher photosynthetic parameters. HK326 exhibited enhanced Cd-stress tolerance due to a strong excretion capacity of long glandular trichomes by forming calcium oxalate crystals. Cd mainly accumulated in tobacco shoots rather than remained in roots. Specifically, Cd levels of the HK326 shoot surface were nearly two-fold of those of K326, resulting in less Cd internally in the roots and shoots. Gene expression patterns revealed 11 Cd transporter genes that were upregulated after Cd-stress in shoots, roots, and trichomes. Among them, the NtHMA2 gene encoding heavy metal ATPases and involved in the transport of divalent heavy metal cations was expressed consistently and significantly higher in HK326 than K326, both before and after Cd-stress. NtHMA2 expression was strong in trichomes, moderate in shoots, while weak in roots. The results indicate that NtHMA2 may be involved in Cd excretion from glandular trichomes. Our findings suggest HK326 may be an appropriate candidate plant for Cd-stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xinyong Lu
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yan
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hong Cui
- Key Laboratory for Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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745
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Dai S, Wang B, Song Y, Xie Z, Li C, Li S, Huang Y, Jiang M. Astaxanthin and its gold nanoparticles mitigate cadmium toxicity in rice by inhibiting cadmium translocation and uptake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 786:147496. [PMID: 33984703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main heavy metal in rice, Cd uptake by cereal crops from soil leads to toxicity in plants and pose serious health risks due to human body's accumulation through the food chain. Astaxanthin, a natural and anti-oxidative oxycarotenoid, is widely distributed in various microorganisms and seafood. In this study, we demonstrated that astaxanthin in the form of gold nanoparticles (Ast-AuNPs) can efficiently alleviate Cd toxicity to a greater extent in hydroponically grown rice plants than single astaxanthin. When supplemented with 100 μg/mL Ast-AuNPs in medium, the Cd level of rice was significantly reduced by 26.2% (in roots) and 85.9% (in leaves), respectively. We also found Ast-AuNPs supplement restores chlorophyll biosynthesis and mitigate Cd-induced oxidative stresses: the contents of superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly reduced while the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) was significantly elevated. Further study showed that the supplement of Ast-AuNPs inhibited Cd-induced gene expression of the metal transporter genes (OsHMA2, OsHMA3, OsIRT1, OsIRT2, OsNramp1, and OsNramp5) in rice roots. Moreover, Ast-AuNPs regulated the metabolism of free amino acids and increased the level of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione and ascorbic acid. Therefore, this study demonstrates that Ast-AuNPs could mitigate the Cd toxicity in rice seedlings by suppressing Cd uptake, scavenging of ROS, and enhancing the activity of antioxidants, and also expands the application of functional gold nanoparticles in the alleviation of heavy metal pollution in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binqiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Song
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenming Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Patent Examination Cooperation Hubei Center of the Patent Office, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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746
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Thallium Use, Toxicity, and Detoxification Therapy: An Overview. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is released into the environment, where is present at very low levels, from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Tl is considered as one of the most toxic heavy metals; it is a non-essential metal, present in low concentrations in humans. Tl toxicity causes dermatological and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders of the nervous system, and may even result in death. Many isotopes of Tl exist, with different uses. One of the isotopes of this metal (201Tl) is used in cardiovascular scintigraphy and for the diagnosis of malignant tumors such as breast or lung cancer and osteosarcoma bone cancer. Many Tl compounds are tasteless, colorless, and odorless. Due to these characteristics and their high toxicity, they have been used as poisons in suicides and murders for criminal purposes, as well as instances of accidental poisoning. Impaired glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress, and disruption of potassium-regulated homeostasis may play a role in the mechanism of Tl toxicity. Solanum nigrum L. and Callitriche cophocarpa have been suggested as promising agents for the phytoremediation of Tl. In addition, macrocyclic compounds such as crown ethers (18-crown-6) are good candidates to absorb Tl from wastewater. Through this review, we present an update to general information about the uses and toxicity of Tl. Furthermore, the attention is focused on detoxification therapies.
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747
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Disorders of the Reproductive Health of Cattle as a Response to Exposure to Toxic Metals. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090882. [PMID: 34571759 PMCID: PMC8467698 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to comprehensively present disorders of the reproductive system in cattle exposed to contact with toxic metals. Toxic metals are a common environmental pollutant and can come from mines, smelters, fossil fuel combustion, or volcanic eruptions. Metals have the ability to bioaccumulate in living organisms, thus contaminating the food chain and may pose a threat to humans. They accumulate mainly in the liver and kidneys, but also in muscles and fat tissue. Toxic metals such as lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) have a negative impact on the fertility of animals; they can lead to abortions, premature calving, or oocyte dysfunction. Moreover, in the male reproductive system, they disrupt spermatogenesis, and cause apoptosis of sperm and oxidative damage. The main source of exposure of livestock to toxic metals is through the consumption of feed or contaminated water. It is important to monitor the level of heavy metals in animal products to prevent human poisoning. Toxic metal biomonitoring can be performed by testing urine, blood, milk, plasma, or hair. Chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) are excreted in the urine, while lead can be detected by examining the blood of animals, while in milk, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) can be detected. Moreover, toxic metals do not biodegrade in the environment. To purify soil and waters, remediation methods, e.g., biological or chemical, should be used.
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748
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Amer AAEM, El-Makarem HSA, El-Maghraby MAE, Abou-Alella SAE. Lead, cadmium, and aluminum in raw bovine milk: Residue level, estimated intake, and fate during artisanal dairy manufacture. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2021; 8:454-464. [PMID: 34722744 PMCID: PMC8520162 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2021.h534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and aluminum (Al) in raw bovine milk. Milk consumption was used to calculate the estimated weekly intake (EWI), provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), and target hazard quotient (THQ) for individuals. Metal distribution in dairy products and byproducts was studied as a result of artisanal processing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-five raw bovine milk samples were collected from artisanal producers in Alexandria city, West Delta, Egypt, and analyzed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The effect of artisanal dairy processing on metal distribution was studied. RESULTS The averages of Pb, Cd, and Al in milk samples were 45.06, 4.77, and 2.93 μg/l, with 13.33% and 1.33% of analyzed samples had Pb and Al levels higher than the permissible limits, respectively. The EWI values of Pb, Cd, and Al were 1.050, 0.111, and 0.068 μg/kg body weight, which contributed to about 4.20%, 1.59%, and 0.97% from the PTWI, respectively. The THQ of three metals was <1, which referred to safe consumption. Metal residues were heavily concentrated in artisanal cheese and yogurt after coagulation and fermentation compared with other dairy products. Accordingly, the maximum average and reduction values of Pb, Cd, and Al were 745.87, 51.99, and 71.58 μg/l and -72.87%, -56.5%, and -40.96% in Damietta cheese; 535.51, 40.11, and 62.43 μg/l and -24.11%, -20.74%, and -22.94%) in Kareish cheese; and 418.42, 31.26, and 50.66 μg/l and 3.02%, 5.90%, and 0.27% in yogurt, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that consumption of raw bovine milk did not pose a risk to Alexandria citizens. Metal concentration increased in artisanal cheese and yogurt because of metal bio-gathering after coagulation and fermentation. Fat separation, churning, and boiling milk might keep metal concentration in dairy products and byproducts at lower levels than milk. Thus, they are suggested to be applied especially in highly contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Abd El-Moamen Amer
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hussien Sobhy Abo El-Makarem
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd-Elsabor El-Maghraby
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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749
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Castro-Bedriñana J, Chirinos-Peinado D, Ríos-Ríos E, Machuca-Campuzano M, Gómez-Ventura E. Dietary risk of milk contaminated with lead and cadmium in areas near mining-metallurgical industries in the Central Andes of Peru. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112382. [PMID: 34090106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mining-metallurgical industry in the central Andes of Peru is a source of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contamination in milk, and there are no studies on the impact of their ingestion. Using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, we quantified the concentration of these metals in raw milk produced in agroecological zones near these industries, and estimated the exposure and dietary risk in people aged 2-85 yr with minimum, average and maximum daily milk intake. In 2018, 40 raw milk samples were collected from 20 cows at two times of the year. The mean Pb and Cd concentrations were 577 ± 18.2 and 18.35 ± 5.4 μg/kg, all samples exceeded the maximum limits (ML). Children aged 2-5 and 6-15 yr, with average milk consumption, had Pb weekly intakes (WI) of 2019 and 2423 μg, exceeding the risk value; values for Cd 64 and 77 μg were below the risk values. In those older than 20 years the WI for both metals are below the risk values. The Dietary Risk Coefficient (DRC) to Pb in children younger than 8 years was >3 due to higher milk consumption in relation to body weight; for children aged 9-19 years it was 1.7 and 2.9, being <1 for those older than 20 yr. Cd RDCs were <1 at all ages, with the exception of 2-year-olds in the high milk consumption scenario (RDC > 1). There was notable evidence of Pb and Cd exposure risk from consumption of milk produced near mining-metallurgical activities, predominantly for children under 19-year-olds. In Peru there are no regulations for Pb and Cd in fresh milk and milk products, we recommended that ML for heavy metals in food be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Castro-Bedriñana
- Research Center in Food and Nutritional Security, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Peru.
| | - Doris Chirinos-Peinado
- Research Center in Food and Nutritional Security, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Peru
| | - Elva Ríos-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Elvis Gómez-Ventura
- Zootechnical Faculty, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Peru
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750
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Sassia S, Amine B, Nadia B, Hadda A, Smail M. Investigation of single and combined effects of repeated oral cadmium and lead administration in ewes. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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