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Abidi N, Steinmann SN. An Electrostatically Embedded QM/MM Scheme for Electrified Interfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:25009-25017. [PMID: 37163568 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Atomistic modeling of electrified interfaces remains a major issue for detailed insights in electrocatalysis, corrosion, electrodeposition, batteries, and related devices such as pseudocapacitors. In these domains, the use of grand-canonical density functional theory (GC-DFT) in combination with implicit solvation models has become popular. GC-DFT can be conveniently applied not only to metallic surfaces but also to semiconducting oxides and sulfides and is, furthermore, sufficiently robust to achieve a consistent description of reaction pathways. However, the accuracy of implicit solvation models for solvation effects at interfaces is in general unknown. One promising way to overcome the limitations of implicit solvents is going toward hybrid quantum mechanical (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) models. For capturing the electrochemical potential dependence, the key quantity is the capacitance, i.e., the relation between the surface charge and the electrochemical potential. In order to retrieve the electrochemical potential from a QM/MM hybrid scheme, an electrostatic embedding is required. Furthermore, the charge of the surface and of the solvent regions has to be strictly opposite in order to consistently simulate charge-neutral unit cells in MM and in QM. To achieve such a QM/MM scheme, we present the implementation of electrostatic embedding in the VASP code. This scheme is broadly applicable to any neutral or charged solid/liquid interface. Here, we demonstrate its use in the context of GC-DFT for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) over a noble-metal-free electrocatalyst, MoS2. We investigate the effect of electrostatic embedding compared to the implicit solvent model for three contrasting active sites on MoS2: (i) the sulfur vacancy defect, which is rather apolar; (ii) a Mo antisite defect, where the active site is a surface bound highly polar OH group; and (iii) a reconstructed edge site, which is generally believed to be responsible for most of the catalytic activity. According to our results, the electrostatic embedding leads to almost indistinguishable results compared to the implicit solvent for the apolar system but has a significant effect on polar sites. This demonstrates the reliability of the hybrid QM/MM, electrostatically embedded solvation model for electrified interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawras Abidi
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Stephan N Steinmann
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
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52
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Deng GH, Zhu Q, Rebstock J, Neves-Garcia T, Baker LR. Direct observation of bicarbonate and water reduction on gold: understanding the potential dependent proton source during hydrogen evolution. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4523-4531. [PMID: 37152268 PMCID: PMC10155912 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00897e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical conversion of CO2 represents a promising way to simultaneously reduce CO2 emissions and store chemical energy. However, the competition between CO2 reduction (CO2R) and the H2 evolution reaction (HER) hinders the efficient conversion of CO2 in aqueous solution. In water, CO2 is in dynamic equilibrium with H2CO3, HCO3 -, and CO3 2-. While CO2 and its associated carbonate species represent carbon sources for CO2R, recent studies by Koper and co-workers indicate that H2CO3 and HCO3 - also act as proton sources during HER (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 4154-4161, ACS Catal. 2021, 11, 4936-4945, J. Catal. 2022, 405, 346-354), which can favorably compete with water at certain potentials. However, accurately distinguishing between competing reaction mechanisms as a function of potential requires direct observation of the non-equilibrium product distribution present at the electrode/electrolyte interface. In this study, we employ vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy to directly probe the interfacial species produced during competing HER/CO2R on Au electrodes. The vibrational spectra at the Ar-purged Na2SO4 solution/Au interface, where only HER occurs, show a strong peak around 3650 cm-1, which appears at the HER onset potential and is assigned to OH-. Notably, this species is absent for the CO2-purged Na2SO4 solution/gold interface; instead, a peak around 3400 cm-1 appears at catalytic potential, which is assigned to CO3 2- in the electrochemical double layer. These spectral reporters allow us to differentiate between HER mechanisms based on water reduction (OH- product) and HCO3 - reduction (CO3 2- product). Monitoring the relative intensities of these features as a function of potential in NaHCO3 electrolyte reveals that the proton donor switches from HCO3 - at low overpotential to H2O at higher overpotential. This work represents the first direct detection of OH- on a metal electrode produced during HER and provides important insights into the surface reactions that mediate selectivity between HER and CO2R in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonic and Optical Communications and School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) Beijing 100876 P. R. China
| | - Quansong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Jaclyn Rebstock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Tomaz Neves-Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - L Robert Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
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53
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Hussain I, Alasiri H, Ullah Khan W, Alhooshani K. Advanced electrocatalytic technologies for conversion of carbon dioxide into methanol by electrochemical reduction: Recent progress and future perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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54
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Nannuzzi C, Mino L, Bordiga S, Pedersen AH, Houghton JM, Vennestrøm PN, Janssens TV, Berlier G. Optimization of high surface area VOx/TiO2 catalysts for low-temperature NH3-SCR for NOx abatement. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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55
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Wang Z, Gao Y, Wang Y, Yan J, Liu B, Chen Y. Moisture-enhanced trace chloroalkanes detection in bimetallic metal-organic frameworks 3-dimensional photonic crystal. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1254:341117. [PMID: 37005027 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Chloroalkanes have long been a threat to environmental protection and human health, however, rapid and efficient detection of chloroalkanes remains challenging. Herein, 3-dimensional photonics crystals (3-D PCs) based on bimetallic materials of institute lavoisier frameworks-127 (MIL-127, Fe2M, M = Fe, Ni, Co, Zn) demonstrate the great potential of chloroalkanes sensing. Particularly, at temperature of 25 °C and dry conditions, the 3-D PC consisting of MIL-127 (Fe2Co) shows optimal selectivity and high concentration sensitivity of 0.0351 ± 0.00007 nm ppm-1 to carbon tetra-chloride (CCl4), and the limit of detection (LOD) can reach 2.85 ± 0.01 ppm. Meanwhile, MIL-127 (Fe2Co) 3-D PC sensor presents a rapid response of 1 s and recovery time of 4.5 s for CCl4 vapor, and can maintain excellent sensing performance under heat-treatment of 200 °C or in the long-term storage (30 days). Mechanism studies indicated that the excellent sensing property derived from the doping of transition metals. Moreover, the moisture-enhanced adsorption of CCl4 for the MIL-127 (Fe2Co) 3-D PC sensor is also observed. H2O molecule can remarkably enhance the adsorption of MIL-127 (Fe2Co) to CCl4. The MIL-127 (Fe2Co) 3-D PC sensor shows the highest concentration sensitivity of 0.146 ± 0.00082 nm ppm-1 to CCl4 and the lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 685 ± 4 ppb under the pre-adsorption of 75 ppm H2O. Our results provide an insight for a trace gas detection using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the optical sensing field.
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Andersson J, Kleinheinz D, Ramach U, Kiesenhofer N, Ashenden A, Valtiner M, Holt S, Koeper I, Schmidpeter PAM, Knoll W. Native Function of the Bacterial Ion Channel SthK in a Sparsely Tethered Lipid Bilayer Membrane Architecture. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3641-3650. [PMID: 37072125 PMCID: PMC10150356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane protects the interiors of cells from their surroundings and also plays a critical role in communication, sensing, and nutrient import. As a result, the cell membrane and its constituents are among the most important drug targets. Studying the cell membrane and the processes it facilitates is therefore crucial, but it is a highly complex environment that is difficult to access experimentally. Various model membrane systems have been developed to provide an environment in which membrane proteins can be studied in isolation. Among them, tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) are a promising model system providing a solvent-free membrane environment which can be prepared by self-assembly, is resistant to mechanical disturbances and has a high electrical resistance. tBLMs are therefore uniquely suitable to study ion channels and charge transport processes. However, ion channels are often large, complex, multimeric structures and their function requires a particular lipid environment. In this paper, we show that SthK, a bacterial cyclic nucleotide gated (CNG) ion channel that is strongly dependent on the surrounding lipid composition, functions normally when embedded into a sparsely tethered lipid bilayer. As SthK has been very well characterized in terms of structure and function, it is well-suited to demonstrate the utility of tethered membrane systems. A model membrane system suitable for studying CNG ion channels would be useful, as this type of ion channel performs a wide range of physiological functions in bacteria, plants, and mammals and is therefore of fundamental scientific interest as well as being highly relevant to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Andersson
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - David Kleinheinz
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Ramach
- Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/134, 1040 Wien, Austria
- CEST Kompetenzzentrum für Oberflächentechnologie, Viktor Kaplan-Straße 2, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | | | - Alex Ashenden
- Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park SA, 5042 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Markus Valtiner
- Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/134, 1040 Wien, Austria
- CEST Kompetenzzentrum für Oberflächentechnologie, Viktor Kaplan-Straße 2, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Stephen Holt
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Ingo Koeper
- Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park SA, 5042 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Philipp A M Schmidpeter
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Danube Private University, Steiner Landstraße 124, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
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Li H, Xu Z, Ma M. Temperature-dependent slip length for water and electrolyte solution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 636:512-517. [PMID: 36652826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The temperature dependence of boundary slip at liquid-solid interface is critical both for the fundamental theory and applications of fluid mechanics on micro and nanoscale, such as sustainable cooling of electronic devices. However, there is a controversy on the temperature dependence of boundary slip which lacks experimental evidence, we aim to resolve it by hypothesizing that the temperature dependent slip length depends on the variation in the interfacial energy barrier. EXPERIMENTS Here, we measured ls - T relation of water and NaCl solution on self-assembled FDTS (Perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane) surface using colloidal probe AFM. The transition of ls - T monotonicity is found. For water and 0.1 M NaCl solution, ls is negatively correlated with T, while for 1 M NaCl solution, ls is positively correlated with T. FINDINGS Together with molecular dynamics simulations, such observation is quantitatively explained with an analytical model based on rate theory, where the ls - T monotonicity depends on the difference between liquid-solid interfacial energy barrier and liquid internal energy barrier. Our results provide not only solid experimental evidence for the boundary slip being a rate process, but also a basis for the thermal-hydrodynamic design of microfluidic and nanofluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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58
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Adam A, Mertz D. Iron Oxide@Mesoporous Silica Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Multimodal Platforms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Hyperthermia, Near-Infrared Light Photothermia, and Drug Delivery. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1342. [PMID: 37110927 PMCID: PMC10145772 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The design of core-shell nanocomposites composed of an iron oxide core and a silica shell offers promising applications in the nanomedicine field, especially for developing efficient theranostic systems which may be useful for cancer treatments. This review article addresses the different ways to build iron oxide@silica core-shell nanoparticles and it reviews their properties and developments for hyperthermia therapies (magnetically or light-induced), combined with drug delivery and MRI imaging. It also highlights the various challenges encountered, such as the issues associated with in vivo injection in terms of NP-cell interactions or the control of the heat dissipation from the core of the NP to the external environment at the macro or nanoscale.
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59
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Dery S, Friedman B, Shema H, Gross E. Mechanistic Insights Gained by High Spatial Resolution Reactivity Mapping of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous (Electro)Catalysts. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6003-6038. [PMID: 37037476 PMCID: PMC10176474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The recent development of high spatial resolution microscopy and spectroscopy tools enabled reactivity analysis of homogeneous and heterogeneous (electro)catalysts at previously unattainable resolution and sensitivity. These techniques revealed that catalytic entities are more heterogeneous than expected and local variations in reaction mechanism due to divergences in the nature of active sites, such as their atomic properties, distribution, and accessibility, occur both in homogeneous and heterogeneous (electro)catalysts. In this review, we highlight recent insights in catalysis research that were attained by conducting high spatial resolution studies. The discussed case studies range from reactivity detection of single particles or single molecular catalysts, inter- and intraparticle communication analysis, and probing the influence of catalysts distribution and accessibility on the resulting reactivity. It is demonstrated that multiparticle and multisite reactivity analyses provide unique knowledge about reaction mechanism that could not have been attained by conducting ensemble-based, averaging, spectroscopy measurements. It is highlighted that the integration of spectroscopy and microscopy measurements under realistic reaction conditions will be essential to bridge the gap between model-system studies and real-world high spatial resolution reactivity analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Dery
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Barak Friedman
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Hadar Shema
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Elad Gross
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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60
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Hussain A, Rauf A, Ahmed E, Khan MS, Mian SA, Jang J. Modulating Optoelectronic and Elastic Properties of Anatase TiO2 for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073252. [PMID: 37050015 PMCID: PMC10096401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been investigated for solar-energy-driven photoelectrical water splitting due to its suitable band gap, abundance, cost savings, environmental friendliness, and chemical stability. However, its poor conductivity, weak light absorption, and large indirect bandgap (3.2 eV) has limited its application in water splitting. In this study, we precisely targeted these limitations using first-principle techniques. TiO2 only absorbs near-ultraviolet radiation; therefore, the substitution (2.1%) of Ag, Fe, and Co in TiO2 significantly altered its physical properties and shifted the bandgap from the ultraviolet to the visible region. Cobalt (Co) substitution in TiO2 resulted in high absorption and photoconductivity and a low bandgap energy suitable for the reduction in water without the need for external energy. The calculated elastic properties of Co-doped TiO2 indicate the ductile nature of the material with a strong average bond strength. Co-doped TiO2 exhibited fewer microcracks with a mechanically stable composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hussain
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering & Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | | | - Joonkyung Jang
- Department of Nano Energy Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Cvjetinovic J, Luchkin SY, Statnik ES, Davidovich NA, Somov PA, Salimon AI, Korsunsky AM, Gorin DA. Revealing the static and dynamic nanomechanical properties of diatom frustules—Nature's glass lace. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5518. [PMID: 37015973 PMCID: PMC10073200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractDiatoms are single cell microalgae enclosed in silica exoskeletons (frustules) that provide inspiration for advanced hybrid nanostructure designs mimicking multi-scale porosity to achieve outstanding mechanical and optical properties. Interrogating the structure and properties of diatoms down to nanometer scale leads to breakthrough advances reported here in the nanomechanical characterization of Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis diatom pure silica frustules, as well as of air-dried and wet cells with organic content. Static and dynamic mode Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and in-SEM nanoindentation revealed the peculiarities of diatom response with separate contributions from material nanoscale behavior and membrane deformation of the entire valve. Significant differences in the nanomechanical properties of the different frustule layers were observed. Furthermore, the deformation response depends strongly on silica hydration and on the support from the internal organic content. The cyclic loading revealed that the average compliance of the silica frustule is 0.019 m/N and increases with increasing number of cycles. The structure–mechanical properties relationship has a direct impact on the vibrational properties of the frustule as a complex micrometer-sized mechanical system. Lessons from Nature’s nanostructuring of diatoms open up pathways to new generations of nano- and microdevices for electronic, electromechanical, photonic, liquid, energy storage, and other applications.
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Zhao B, Zhang X, Mao J, Wang Y, Zhang G, Zhang ZC, Guo X. Crystal-Plane-Dependent Guaiacol Hydrodeoxygenation Performance of Au on Anatase TiO2. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TiO2-supported catalysts have been widely used for a range of both liquid-phase and gas-phase hydrogenation reactions. However, little is known about the effect of their different crystalline surfaces on their activity during the hydrodeoxygenation process. In this work, Au supported on anatase TiO2, mainly exposing 101 or 001 facets, was investigated for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol. At 300 °C, the strong interaction between the Au and TiO2-101 surface resulted in the facile reduction of the TiO2-101 surface with concomitant formation of oxygen vacancies, as shown by the H2-TPR and H2-TPD profiles. Meanwhile, the formation of Auδ−, as determined by CO-DRIFT spectra and in situ XPS, was found to promote the demethylation of guaiacol producing methane. However, this strong interaction was absent on the Au/TiO2-001 catalyst since TiO2-001 was relatively difficult to be reduced compared with TiO2-101. The Au on TiO2-001 just served as the active site for the dissociation of hydrogen without the formation of Auδ−. The hydrogen atoms spilled over to the surface of TiO2-001 to form a small amount of oxygen vacancies, which resulted in lower activity than that over Au/TiO2-101. The catalytic activity of the Au/TiO2 catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation will be controlled by tuning the crystal plane of the TiO2 support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jingbo Mao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zongchao Conrad Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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63
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Perco D, Loi F, Bignardi L, Sbuelz L, Lacovig P, Tosi E, Lizzit S, Kartouzian A, Heiz U, Baraldi A. The highest oxidation state observed in graphene-supported sub-nanometer iron oxide clusters. Commun Chem 2023; 6:61. [PMID: 37012362 PMCID: PMC10070315 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Size-selected iron oxide nanoclusters are outstanding candidates for technological-oriented applications due to their high efficiency-to-cost ratio. However, despite many theoretical studies, experimental works on their oxidation mechanism are still limited to gas-phase clusters. Herein we investigate the oxidation of graphene-supported size-selected Fen clusters by means of high-resolution X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. We show a dependency of the core electron Fe 2p3/2 binding energy of metallic and oxidized clusters on the cluster size. Binding energies are also linked to chemical reactivity through the asymmetry parameter which is related to electron density of states at the Fermi energy. Upon oxidation, iron atoms in clusters reach the oxidation state Fe(II) and the absence of other oxidation states indicates a Fe-to-O ratio close to 1:1, in agreement with previous theoretical calculations and gas-phase experiments. Such knowledge can provide a basis for a better understanding of the behavior of iron oxide nanoclusters as supported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Perco
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Loi
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Bignardi
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Sbuelz
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Lacovig
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ezequiel Tosi
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvano Lizzit
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aras Kartouzian
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Ueli Heiz
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Alessandro Baraldi
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
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Shepelin NA, Tehrani ZP, Ohannessian N, Schneider CW, Pergolesi D, Lippert T. A practical guide to pulsed laser deposition. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2294-2321. [PMID: 36916771 PMCID: PMC10068590 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00938b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale thin films are widely implemented across a plethora of technological and scientific areas, and form the basis for many advancements that have driven human progress, owing to the high degree of functional tunability based on the chemical composition. Pulsed laser deposition is one of the multiple physical vapour deposition routes to fabricate thin films, employing laser energy to eject material from a target in the form of a plasma. A substrate, commonly a single-crystal oxide, is placed in the path of the plume and acts as a template for the arriving species from the target to coalesce and self-assemble into a thin film. This technique is tremendously useful to produce crystalline films, due to the wide range of atmospheric conditions and the extent of possible chemical complexity of the target. However, this flexibility results in a high degree of complexity, oftentimes requiring rigorous optimisation of the growth parameters to achieve high quality crystalline films with desired composition. In this tutorial review, we aim to reduce the complexity and the barrier to entry for the controlled growth of complex oxides by pulsed laser deposition. We present an overview of the fundamental and practical aspects of pulsed laser deposition, discuss the consequences of tailoring the growth parameters on the thin film properties, and describe in situ monitoring techniques that are useful in gaining a deeper understanding of the properties of the resultant films. Particular emphasis is placed on the general relationships between the growth parameters and the consequent structural, chemical and functional properties of the thin films. In the final section, we discuss the open questions within the field and possible directions to further expand the utility of pulsed laser deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Shepelin
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Zahra P Tehrani
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Natacha Ohannessian
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Christof W Schneider
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Daniele Pergolesi
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Lippert
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
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de Lima BM, Hayes PL, Wood-Adams PM. Lamellar orientation at the surface of isotactic polystyrene thin films analyzed by sum frequency generation spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1248:340904. [PMID: 36813456 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing the orientation of polymeric crystalline lamella at the surface of thin films can be challenging. Even though atomic force microscopy (AFM) is often sufficient for this analysis, there are cases when imaging is not sufficient to confidently determine lamellar orientation. Here, we used sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy to analyze the lamellar orientation at the surface of semi-crystalline isotactic polystyrene (iPS) thin films. The SFG orientation analysis indicated that the iPS chains are oriented perpendicular to the substrate (flat-on lamellar orientation), which was confirmed by AFM. By analyzing the evolution of the SFG spectral features with the progress of crystallization, we demonstrated that the ratios of the SFG intensities of the phenyl ring resonances are a good indication of the surface crystallinity. Furthermore, we explored the challenges associated with SFG measurements of heterogeneous surfaces, which is commonly present in many semi-crystalline polymeric films. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the surface lamellar orientation of semi-crystalline polymeric thin films was determined by SFG. Also, this work pioneers in reporting the surface conformation of semi-crystalline and amorphous iPS thin films by SFG and in linking the SFG intensity ratios to the progress of the crystallization and the surface crystallinity. This study demonstrates the potential applicability of SFG spectroscopy in the conformational analysis of polymeric crystalline structures at interfaces and opens the way to the investigation of more complex polymeric structures and crystalline arrangements, especially for the case of buried interfaces, where AFM imaging is not an option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M de Lima
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, 1435 Rue Guy, S-GM 900-13, Montréal, Québec, H3H 2L5, Canada
| | - Patrick L Hayes
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québe, H2V 0B3, Canada.
| | - Paula M Wood-Adams
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, 1435 Rue Guy, S-GM 900-13, Montréal, Québec, H3H 2L5, Canada.
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Ovalle-Flores L, Rodríguez-Nieto M, Zárate-Triviño D, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Menchaca JL. Methodologies and models for measuring viscoelastic properties of cancer cells: Towards a universal classification. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105734. [PMID: 36848744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Different methods and several physical models exist to study cell viscoelasticity with the atomic force microscope (AFM). In search of a robust mechanical classification of cells through AFM, in this work, viscoelastic parameters of the cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, DU-145, and MG-63 are obtained using two methodologies; through force-distance and force-relaxation curves. Four mechanical models were applied to fit the curves. The results show that both methodologies agree qualitatively on the parameters that quantify elasticity but disagree on the parameters that account for energy dissipation. The Fractional Zener (FZ) model represents well the information given by the Solid Linear Standard and Generalized Maxwell models. The Fractional Kelvin (FK) model concentrates the viscoelastic information mainly in two parameters, which could be an advantage over the other models. Therefore, the FZ and FK models are proposed as the basis for the classification of cancer cells. However, more research using these models is needed to obtain a broader view of the meaning of each parameter and to be able to establish a relationship between the parameters and the cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Ovalle-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Av. Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Maricela Rodríguez-Nieto
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Av. Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Diana Zárate-Triviño
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Manuel L. Barragán s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Manuel L. Barragán s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis Menchaca
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Av. Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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Labarre L, Squillace O, Liu Y, Fryer PJ, Kaur P, Whitaker S, Marsh JM, Zhang ZJ. Hair surface interactions against different chemical functional groups as a function of environment and hair condition. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:224-235. [PMID: 36683407 PMCID: PMC10946710 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The nature and magnitude of molecular interactions on hair surfaces underpin the design of formulated products, of which the application involves a competitive adsorption process between cationic surfactants, fatty alcohols and surface actives such as silicone. The knowledge of molecular interaction with hair surface will not only provide insight on the surface binding affinity but also offer an effective methodology in characterizing surface deposits. METHODS Untreated and chemically treated hair samples were treated with either conditioner chassis alone (gel network) or conditioner chassis plus silicone (chassis/TAS). Hair surface interactions against four different chemical functional groups, namely methyl (-CH3 ), acid (-COOH), amine (-NH2 ) and hydroxyl (-OH), were quantified in both ambient and aqueous environment using Chemical Force Microscopy, a method based on atomic force microscopy (AFM). RESULTS Surface adhesion on hair in ambient is dominated by capillary force that is determined by both the wettability of hair fibre (hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic), presence of any deposits and the chemical functionality of the AFM cantilever. Capillary force is diminished and replaced by electrostatic interaction when polar groups are present on both hair and AFM cantilever. A distinctively different force, hydrophobic interaction, plays a major role when virgin hair and hydrophobic functionalized AFM cantilever make contact in water. CONCLUSION Results acquired by AFM cantilevers of different functional groups show that hydrophobic interaction is a key driver for deposition on virgin hair, whilst electrostatic interaction is the most important one for bleached hair. Interfacial conformation of chassis components upon deposition is determined by the hair surface properties. Our study highlights the possibility of a range of polar groups, not necessarily negatively charged, on the damaged hair. Unlike conventional surface chemical analysis method, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the interfacial conformation of deposited surface actives on hair, which identifies the target moieties for conditioning products on different types of hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Labarre
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, EdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Ophélie Squillace
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, EdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, EdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Peter J. Fryer
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, EdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - Preeti Kaur
- The Procter & Gamble CompanyMason Business CentreMasonOhioUSA
| | - Shane Whitaker
- The Procter & Gamble CompanyMason Business CentreMasonOhioUSA
| | | | - Zhenyu J. Zhang
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, EdgbastonBirminghamUK
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68
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Gregory JW, Gong Y, Han Y, Huband S, Walton RI, Hessel V, Rebrov EV. Au/TiO2 coatings for photocatalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol with green light. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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69
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Moutlana MK, Adali S. Interaction of the fundamental frequencies of a torsional cantilever nanobeam and spring mass system single degree of freedom (SDOF) under axial load, including buckling. SN Appl Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-05269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this study we present the interactions of the fundamental frequencies of a nanomanufacturing coupled system by exploring the natural frequencies of the subsystems. These nanomanufacturing subsystems function in concert, e.g., a cantilever beam with spring-mass. The individual subsystems are studied under free vibration to generate the natural and buckling frequencies. These subsystems, when under free vibration, generate unique local natural frequencies that interact to form a unique global natural frequency. This allows for greater control and improved sensitivity for scanning and shaping nano surfaces, by allowing selective variation of the local frequency of one system to influence the global system frequencies. In this investigation, a nanobeam with arbitrary boundary conditions is used to model the system and the effects on the parameters of interest are studied. Euler–Bernoulli theory is applied in conjunction with Eringen’s theory of nonlocal continuum theory to model the small-scale effects due to the size of the beam under consideration. The coupled equations are solved using separation of variables for the local and global frequencies. The nanobeam is restrained with an adjustable torsional spring and pin at one end. The boundary condition at the free end is a spring-mass system with axial load. Altering the torsional, transverse spring stiffness and mass increases or decreases the natural frequencies. The motions of the beam and the tip-mass generates a frequency response during contact interactions. The tip response frequency is used to determine the maximum displacements (penetration depth) and accelerations (contact forces) in a sample during nanomanufacturing.
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Nesane T, Madala NE, Kabanda MM, Murulana LC, Bahadur I. Lippia javanica leaf extract as an effective anti-corrosion agent against mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl and its characterization by UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS spectroscopy and quantum chemical evaluation of its adsorption process on Fe(110). Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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71
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Adamu A, Isaacs M, Boodhoo K, Abegão FR. Investigation of Cu/TiO2 synthesis methods and conditions for CO2 photocatalytic reduction via conversion of bicarbonate/carbonate to formate. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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72
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Eschenbacher R, Trzeciak S, Schuschke C, Schötz S, Hohner C, Blaumeiser D, Zahn D, Retzer T, Libuda J. Thermal Stability and CO Permeability of [C4C1Pyr][NTf2]/Pd(111) Model SCILLs: from UHV to Ambient Pressure. Top Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-023-01798-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractSolid catalysts with ionic liquid layers (SCILLs) are heterogeneous catalysts which benefit significantly in terms of selectivity from a thin coating of an ionic liquid (IL). In the present work, we study the interaction of CO with a Pd model SCILL consisting of a 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide ([C4C1Pyr][NTf2]) film deposited on Pd(111). We investigate the CO permeability and stability of the IL film via pressure modulation experiments by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and at ambient pressure conditions by time-resolved, temperature-programmed, and polarization-modulated (PM) IRAS experiments. In addition, we performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to identify adsorption motifs, their abundance, and the influence of CO. We find a strongly bound IL wetting monolayer (ML) and a potentially dewetting multilayer. Molecular reorientation of the IL at the interface and multilayer dewetting allow for the accumulation of CO at the metal/IL interface. Our results confirm that co-adsorption of CO changes the molecular structure of the IL wetting layer which confirms the importance to study model SCILL systems under in situ conditions.
Graphical abstract
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73
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Sun Y, Jia Z, Wan N, Feng W. Biomimetic Guided Bi2WO6/Bi2O3 Vertical Heterojunction with Controllable Microstructure for Efficient Photocatalysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073123. [PMID: 37049886 PMCID: PMC10096349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To bridge the technical gap of heterojunction induction control in conventional semiconductor photocatalysts, a method of regulating the growth of heterojunctions utilizing biomimetic structures was designed to prepare a series of Bi2WO6/Bi2O3 vertical heterojunction nanocomposites for the disposal of environmentally hazardous tetracycline wastewater difficult to degrade by conventional microbial techniques. Porous Bi2O3 precursors with high-energy crystalline (110) dominant growth were produced using the sunflower straw bio-template technique (SSBT). Bi2WO6 with a (131) plane grew preferentially into 2.8 to 4 nm pieces on the (110) plane of Bi2O3, causing a significant density reduction between Bi2WO6 pieces and a dimensional decrease in the agglomerated Bi2WO6 spheres from 3 μm to 700 nm since Bi2WO6 grew on the structure of the biomimetic Bi2O3. The optimal 1:8 Bi2WO6/Bi2O3 coupling catalyst was obtained via adapting the ratio of the two semiconductors, and the coupling ratio of 1:8 minimized the adverse effects of the overgrowth of Bi2WO6 on degradation performance by securing the quantity of vertical heterojunctions. The material degradation reaction energy barrier and bandgap were significantly reduced by the presence of a large number of vertical heterojunction structures, resulting in a material with lower impedance and higher electron–hole separation efficiency; thus, the degradation efficiency of 1:8 Bi2WO6/Bi2O3 for tetracycline hydrochloride reached 99% within 60 min. In conclusion, this study not only successfully synthesized a novel photocatalyst with potential applications in water pollution remediation but also introduced a pioneering approach for semiconductor-driven synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Sun
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ziang Jia
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ning Wan
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Allen A, Abdur Rashid M, Rahe P, Jarvis SP, O'Shea JN, Dunn JL, Moriarty P. Self-assembly and tiling of a prochiral hydrogen-bonded network: bi-isonicotinic acid on coinage metal surfaces. Mol Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2023.2192824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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75
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Turkkal F, Culhaoglu AK, Sahin V. Composite-veneering of polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK): evaluating the effects of different surface modification methods on surface roughness, wettability, and bond strength. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:95. [PMID: 36995426 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different surface modification methods on the surface roughness, contact angle, and bond strength of composite-veneer materials of polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK). Fifty-five specimens (n = 11) with a size of 7 × 7 × 2 mm were cut out from PEEK discs. The specimens were divided into five groups with different surface treatments: no treatment (NO) (control group), sulfuric acid (SA), plasma (P), femtosecond laser (FS), and Nd-YAG laser (NY). After the surface treatments, the specimens were checked for roughness, contact angle, and bond strength of the composite-veneer material. Data were analyzed with the Welch test for roughness, contact angle, and bond strength parameters. Individual Pearson correlation tests were executed for all surface treatment groups to determine any significant correlations among roughness, contact angle, and bond strength parameters (P < .001). Roughness, contact angle, and bond strength values were affected by surface modification methods (P < .001). In comparison to the control group, NY and FS treatments increased the surface roughness and bond strength; they also provided bond strength values comparable to the SA group. When the relationship between the variables was examined, no correlation was seen between roughness, contact angle, and bond strength values for the NY, SA, and control groups (P > .05); however, significant correlations were determined between the contact angle and surface roughness values for the P and FS groups (P < .05). Femtosecond and Nd-YAG laser treatments are viable surface modification alternatives to the sulfuric acid treatment for the PEEK material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmet Kursad Culhaoglu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kırıkkale University, Yenisehir Mah, Celebi Sokak No: 1, 71450, Kırıkkale, Türkiye.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sağlık Bilimleri Gülhane Univesity, Emrah Mah. 06018 Etlik/Keçiören/ANKARA, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Volkan Sahin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kırıkkale University, Yenisehir Mah, Celebi Sokak No: 1, 71450, Kırıkkale, Türkiye
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Hassan HMA, Alsohaimi IH, Essawy AA, El-Aassar MR, Betiha MA, Alshammari AH, Mohamed SK. Controllable Fabrication of Zn2+ Self-Doped TiO2 Tubular Nanocomposite for Highly Efficient Water Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073072. [PMID: 37049835 PMCID: PMC10096178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tailoring high-efficiency photocatalytic composites for various implementations is a major research topic. 1D TNTs-based nanomaterials show promise as a photocatalyst for the remediation of organic pigments in an aqueous solution. Despite this, TiO2 (TNTs) is only photoactive in the UV range due to its inherent restriction on absorption of light in the UV range. Herein, we provide a facile recipe to tailor the optical characteristics and photocatalytic activity of TNTs by incorporating Zn (II) ionic species via an ion-exchange approach in an aqueous solution. The inclusion of Zn (II) ions into the TNTs framework expands its absorption of light toward the visible light range, therefore TiO2 nanotubes shows the visible-light photo-performance. Activity performance on photocatalytic decontamination of RhB at ambient temperature demonstrates that Zn-TNTs offer considerable boosted catalytic performance compared with untreated tubular TiO2 during the illumination of visible light. RhB (10 mg L−1) degradation of around 95% was achieved at 120 min. Radical scavenger experiment demonstrated that when electron (e−) or holes (h+) scavengers are introduced to the photodegradation process, the assessment of decontamination efficacy decreased by 45% and 76%, respectively. This demonstrates a more efficient engagement of the photoexcited electrons over photogenerated holes in the photodegradation mechanism. Furthermore, there seems to be no significant decrease in the activity of the Zn-TNTs after five consecutive runs. As a result, the fabricated Zn-TNTs composite has a high economic potential in the energy and environmental domains.
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Hernández Velázquez JD, Sánchez-Balderas G, Gama Goicochea A, Pérez E. The effective interfacial tensions between pure liquids and rough solids: a coarse-grained simulation study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:10325-10334. [PMID: 36987944 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04321a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The effective solid-liquid interfacial tension (SL-IFT) between pure liquids and rough solid surfaces is studied through coarse-grained simulations. Using the dissipative particle dynamics method, we design solid-liquid interfaces, confining a pure liquid between two explicit solid surfaces with different roughness degrees. The roughness of the solid phase is characterized by Wenzel's roughness factor and the effective SL-IFT is reported as a function of it also. Two solid-liquid systems, different from each other by their solid-liquid repulsion strength, are studied to measure the effects caused by the surface roughness on the calculation of . It is found that the roughness changes the structure of the liquid, which is observed in the first layer of liquid near the solid. These changes are responsible for the effective SL-IFT increase, as surface roughness increases. Although there is a predominance of surface roughness in the calculation of it is found that the effective SL-IFT is directly proportional to the magnitude of the solid-liquid repulsion strength. The insights provided by these simulations suggest that the increase of Wenzel's roughness factor increases the number of effective solid-liquid interactions between particles, yielding significant changes in the local values of the normal and tangential components of the pressure tensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Hernández Velázquez
- División de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica, Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Ecatepec, 55210, Ecatepec de Morelos, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - G Sánchez-Balderas
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78000, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
| | - A Gama Goicochea
- División de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica, Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Ecatepec, 55210, Ecatepec de Morelos, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - E Pérez
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78000, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
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Dobysheva LV, Chausov FF. Hydrogen‐bond Peculiarities in Nitrilotris‐(Methylenephosphonato)‐Three‐aqua‐Iron(II) from XRD Experiment and DFT Calculation. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202205040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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79
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Woodcox M, Mahata A, Hagerstrom A, Stelson A, Muzny C, Sundararaman R, Schwarz K. Simulating dielectric spectra: A demonstration of the direct electric field method and a new model for the nonlinear dielectric response. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:124122. [PMID: 37003751 DOI: 10.1063/5.0143425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a method to compute the dielectric spectra of fluids in molecular dynamics (MD) by directly applying electric fields to the simulation. We obtain spectra from MD simulations with low magnitude electric fields (≈0.01 V/Å) in agreement with spectra from the fluctuation-dissipation method for water and acetonitrile. We examine this method's trade-off between noise at low field magnitudes and the nonlinearity of the response at higher field magnitudes. We then apply the Booth equation to describe the nonlinear response of both fluids at low frequency (0.1 GHz) and high field magnitude (up to 0.5 V/Å). We develop a model of the frequency-dependent nonlinear response by combining the Booth description of the static nonlinear dielectric response of fluids with the frequency-dependent linear dielectric response of the Debye model. We find good agreement between our model and the MD simulations of the nonlinear dielectric response for both acetonitrile and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Woodcox
- Theiss Research, P. O. Box 127, La Jolla, California 92038, USA
| | - Avik Mahata
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Aaron Hagerstrom
- Communications Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Angela Stelson
- Communications Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Chris Muzny
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Kathleen Schwarz
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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80
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Coloma A, Velty A, Díaz U. Hybrid organic-inorganic nanoparticles with associated functionality for catalytic transformation of biomass substrates. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10144-10156. [PMID: 37006368 PMCID: PMC10061267 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01486j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the one-pot synthesis of functionalized organosilica nanoparticles to generate multi-functional hybrid catalysts. Octadecyl, alkyl-thiol and alkyl-amino moieties were used separately and in different combinations, to generate different hybrid spherical nanoparticles with tunable acidic, basic and amphiphilic properties, covalently incorporating up to three organic functional elements onto the surface of the nanoparticles. Several parameters were optimised such as the concentration of the base employed during the hydrolysis and condensation synthesis process that showed a strong influence on the particle size. The physico-chemical properties of the hybrid materials were fully characterized by XRD, elemental and thermogravimetric analysis, electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption isotherms and 13C and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. Finally, the potential uses of the prepared materials as amphiphilic catalysts, with acidic or basic properties for the conversion of biomass molecules into platform chemicals were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Coloma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Alexandra Velty
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Urbano Díaz
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 46022 Valencia Spain
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81
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Abstract
Heterogeneous bimetallic catalysts have broad applications in industrial processes, but achieving a fundamental understanding on the nature of the active sites in bimetallic catalysts at the atomic and molecular level is very challenging due to the structural complexity of the bimetallic catalysts. Comparing the structural features and the catalytic performances of different bimetallic entities will favor the formation of a unified understanding of the structure-reactivity relationships in heterogeneous bimetallic catalysts and thereby facilitate the upgrading of the current bimetallic catalysts. In this review, we will discuss the geometric and electronic structures of three representative types of bimetallic catalysts (bimetallic binuclear sites, bimetallic nanoclusters, and nanoparticles) and then summarize the synthesis methodologies and characterization techniques for different bimetallic entities, with emphasis on the recent progress made in the past decade. The catalytic applications of supported bimetallic binuclear sites, bimetallic nanoclusters, and nanoparticles for a series of important reactions are discussed. Finally, we will discuss the future research directions of catalysis based on supported bimetallic catalysts and, more generally, the prospective developments of heterogeneous catalysis in both fundamental research and practical applications.
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82
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Elizondo-Villarreal N, Torres-Barrera RO, Arriaga-Garza R, Verástegui-Domínguez LH, Corté R, Castaño VM. Ag Thin Films from Pelargonium Zonale Leaves via Green Chemistry. ChChT 2023. [DOI: 10.23939/chcht17.01.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Ag thin films were successfully produced via a green chemistry method from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from reacting an extract of Pelargonium Zonale leaves with silver nitrate. The ions of silver nitrate were reduced to silver atoms by reducing stabilizer-capping compounds contained in the extract of Pelargonium Zonale leaves. The obtained atoms nucleate in small clusters that grew into nanoparticles and finally, they formed a homogeneous silver thin film on a glass substrate. The nanostructured thin films obtained were characterized by profilometry, X Ray Diffraction, Atomic Force Electronic Microscopy, UV-Vis, and Transmission Electron Microscopy.
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83
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Janus W, Ślęzak T, Ślęzak M, Szpytma M, Dróżdż P, Nayyef H, Mandziak A, Wilgocka-Ślęzak D, Zając M, Jugovac M, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Kozioł-Rachwał A. Tunable magnetic anisotropy of antiferromagnetic NiO in (Fe)/NiO/MgO/Cr/MgO(001) epitaxial multilayers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4824. [PMID: 36964276 PMCID: PMC10039026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic NiO(001) thin films in epitaxially grown NiO/MgO(dMgO)/Cr/MgO(001) system for different thicknesses of MgO, dMgO. Results of X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism show that together with an increase of dMgO, rotation of NiO spins from in-plane towards out-of-plane direction occurs. Furthermore, we investigated how the proximity of Fe modifies the magnetic state of NiO in Fe/NiO/MgO(dMgO)/Cr/MgO(001). We proved the existence of a multidomain state in NiO as a result of competition between the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet exchange coupling and strain exerted on the NiO by the MgO buffer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Janus
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland.
| | - T Ślęzak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Ślęzak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Szpytma
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - P Dróżdż
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - H Nayyef
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Mandziak
- SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - D Wilgocka-Ślęzak
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Zając
- SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Jugovac
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.P.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - T O Menteş
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.P.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Locatelli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.P.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Kozioł-Rachwał
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
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84
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Kamilar E, Bariwal J, Zheng W, Ma H, Liang H. SMALPs Are Not Simply Nanodiscs: The Polymer-to-Lipid Ratios of Fractionated SMALPs Underline Their Heterogeneous Nature. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1819-1838. [PMID: 36947865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Amphipathic styrene-maleic acid (SMA) copolymers directly solubilize biomembranes into SMA-lipid particles, or SMALPs, that are often regarded as nanodiscs and hailed as a native membrane platform. The promising outlook of SMALPs inspires the discovery of many SMA-like copolymers that also solubilize biomembranes into putative nanodiscs, but a fundamental question remains on how much the SMALPs or SMALP analogues truly resemble the bilayer structure of nanodiscs. This unfortunate ambiguity undermines the utility of SMA or SMA-like copolymers in membrane biology because the structure and function of many membrane proteins depend critically on their surrounding matrices. Here, we report the structural heterogeneity of SMALPs revealed through fractionating SMALPs comprised of lipids and well-defined SMAs via size-exclusion chromatography followed by quantitative determination of the polymer-to-lipid (P/L) stoichiometric ratios in individual fractions. Through the lens of P/L stoichiometric ratios, different self-assembled polymer-lipid nanostructures are inferred, such as polymer-remodeled liposomes, polymer-encased nanodiscs, polymer-lipid mixed micelles, and lipid-doped polymer micellar aggregates. We attribute the structural heterogeneity of SMALPs to the microstructure variations amongst individual polymer chains that give rise to their polydisperse detergency. As an example, we demonstrate that SMAs with a similar S/MA ratio but different chain sizes participate preferentially in different polymer-lipid nanostructures. We further demonstrate that proteorhodopsin, a light-driven proton pump solubilized within the same SMALPs is distributed amongst different self-assembled nanostructures to display different photocycle kinetics. Our discovery challenges the native nanodisc notion of SMALPs or SMALP analogues and highlights the necessity to separate and identify the structurally dissimilar polymer-lipid particles in membrane biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kamilar
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Jitender Bariwal
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Wan Zheng
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Hairong Ma
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Hongjun Liang
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
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85
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Aluru NR, Aydin F, Bazant MZ, Blankschtein D, Brozena AH, de Souza JP, Elimelech M, Faucher S, Fourkas JT, Koman VB, Kuehne M, Kulik HJ, Li HK, Li Y, Li Z, Majumdar A, Martis J, Misra RP, Noy A, Pham TA, Qu H, Rayabharam A, Reed MA, Ritt CL, Schwegler E, Siwy Z, Strano MS, Wang Y, Yao YC, Zhan C, Zhang Z. Fluids and Electrolytes under Confinement in Single-Digit Nanopores. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2737-2831. [PMID: 36898130 PMCID: PMC10037271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Confined fluids and electrolyte solutions in nanopores exhibit rich and surprising physics and chemistry that impact the mass transport and energy efficiency in many important natural systems and industrial applications. Existing theories often fail to predict the exotic effects observed in the narrowest of such pores, called single-digit nanopores (SDNs), which have diameters or conduit widths of less than 10 nm, and have only recently become accessible for experimental measurements. What SDNs reveal has been surprising, including a rapidly increasing number of examples such as extraordinarily fast water transport, distorted fluid-phase boundaries, strong ion-correlation and quantum effects, and dielectric anomalies that are not observed in larger pores. Exploiting these effects presents myriad opportunities in both basic and applied research that stand to impact a host of new technologies at the water-energy nexus, from new membranes for precise separations and water purification to new gas permeable materials for water electrolyzers and energy-storage devices. SDNs also present unique opportunities to achieve ultrasensitive and selective chemical sensing at the single-ion and single-molecule limit. In this review article, we summarize the progress on nanofluidics of SDNs, with a focus on the confinement effects that arise in these extremely narrow nanopores. The recent development of precision model systems, transformative experimental tools, and multiscale theories that have played enabling roles in advancing this frontier are reviewed. We also identify new knowledge gaps in our understanding of nanofluidic transport and provide an outlook for the future challenges and opportunities at this rapidly advancing frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana R Aluru
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712TexasUnited States
| | - Fikret Aydin
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Martin Z Bazant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Alexandra H Brozena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - J Pedro de Souza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut06520-8286, United States
| | - Samuel Faucher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - John T Fourkas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Matthias Kuehne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Hao-Kun Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Yuhao Li
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Arun Majumdar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Joel Martis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Rahul Prasanna Misra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Aleksandr Noy
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California95344, United States
| | - Tuan Anh Pham
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Haoran Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - Archith Rayabharam
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712TexasUnited States
| | - Mark A Reed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, 15 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut06520, United States
| | - Cody L Ritt
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut06520-8286, United States
| | - Eric Schwegler
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Zuzanna Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine92697, United States
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - YuHuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - Yun-Chiao Yao
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California95344, United States
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California94550, United States
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California94305, United States
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86
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Szostak R, de Souza Gonçalves A, de Freitas JN, Marchezi PE, de Araújo FL, Tolentino HCN, Toney MF, das Chagas Marques F, Nogueira AF. In Situ and Operando Characterizations of Metal Halide Perovskite and Solar Cells: Insights from Lab-Sized Devices to Upscaling Processes. Chem Rev 2023; 123:3160-3236. [PMID: 36877871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The performance and stability of metal halide perovskite solar cells strongly depend on precursor materials and deposition methods adopted during the perovskite layer preparation. There are often a number of different formation pathways available when preparing perovskite films. Since the precise pathway and intermediary mechanisms affect the resulting properties of the cells, in situ studies have been conducted to unravel the mechanisms involved in the formation and evolution of perovskite phases. These studies contributed to the development of procedures to improve the structural, morphological, and optoelectronic properties of the films and to move beyond spin-coating, with the use of scalable techniques. To explore the performance and degradation of devices, operando studies have been conducted on solar cells subjected to normal operating conditions, or stressed with humidity, high temperatures, and light radiation. This review presents an update of studies conducted in situ using a wide range of structural, imaging, and spectroscopic techniques, involving the formation/degradation of halide perovskites. Operando studies are also addressed, emphasizing the latest degradation results for perovskite solar cells. These works demonstrate the importance of in situ and operando studies to achieve the level of stability required for scale-up and consequent commercial deployment of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Szostak
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-100 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo de Souza Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jilian Nei de Freitas
- Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI), 13069-901 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Marchezi
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Francineide Lopes de Araújo
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Cesar Nogueira Tolentino
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-100 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | | | - Ana Flavia Nogueira
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Energia Solar (LNES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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87
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Chen M, Hu X, Zhou X, Li X, Tian J. Atomic reconstruction and oxygen adsorption behavior of the pyrite (100) surface: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8826-8835. [PMID: 36916314 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00039g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of the surface chemical behavior of pyrite is highly crucial in the fields of environmental conservation, metal extraction, and flotation separation. In this paper, the mechanism of atomic reconstruction on the pyrite surface and the adsorption behavior of O2 on a reconstructed surface are calculated by density functional theory (DFT). Different reconstruction surfaces were constructed by deleting S and Fe atoms on the (100) surface of pyrite. In addition, the geometric configuration, formation energy, binding energy, cohesion energy, and surface electronic properties of the reconstruction surface were calculated. The adsorption energies and geometric configurations of O2 on different reconstructed surfaces were also determined. The results show that under Fe-poor conditions, the charge of Fe atoms increases, and S atoms form Sn on the reconstructed surface. The binding energy between the Sn and the substrate (ideal surface) is lower, which is similar to the Sn adsorption on the substrate surface with the Fe atom as the site. Sn has high cohesive energy and is resistant to being attacked by oxidants, which leads to structural collapse, and a low affinity for O2. Under S-poor conditions, the -[Fe-S]n- plane structure formed on the reconstructed surface. The -[Fe-S]n- structure stably bonds to the substrate by an Fe-S bond, and exhibits strong binding energy. However, the -[Fe-S]n- structure has low cohesive energy and exhibits thermodynamic instability. In contrast, O2 shows a strong affinity for the -[Fe-S]n- structure, indicating that the deficiency of the S atom promotes the surface oxidation reaction. The mechanism of atomic reconstruction on the surface of pyrite is of utmost importance for understanding its surface chemical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjiao Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
- Faculty of materials science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Xinjun Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Xinjun Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Xiulan Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Jianping Tian
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
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88
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Ruiz Esquius J, Morgan DJ, Algara Siller G, Gianolio D, Aramini M, Lahn L, Kasian O, Kondrat SA, Schlögl R, Hutchings GJ, Arrigo R, Freakley SJ. Lithium-Directed Transformation of Amorphous Iridium (Oxy)hydroxides To Produce Active Water Oxidation Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6398-6409. [PMID: 36892000 PMCID: PMC10037335 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial to future energy systems based on water electrolysis. Iridium oxides are promising catalysts due to their resistance to corrosion under acidic and oxidizing conditions. Highly active iridium (oxy)hydroxides prepared using alkali metal bases transform into low activity rutile IrO2 at elevated temperatures (>350 °C) during catalyst/electrode preparation. Depending on the residual amount of alkali metals, we now show that this transformation can result in either rutile IrO2 or nano-crystalline Li-intercalated IrOx. While the transition to rutile results in poor activity, the Li-intercalated IrOx has comparative activity and improved stability when compared to the highly active amorphous material despite being treated at 500 °C. This highly active nanocrystalline form of lithium iridate could be more resistant to industrial procedures to produce PEM membranes and provide a route to stabilize the high populations of redox active sites of amorphous iridium (oxy)hydroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ruiz Esquius
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Gerardo Algara Siller
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diego Gianolio
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Matteo Aramini
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Leopold Lahn
- Helmholtz Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olga Kasian
- Helmholtz Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon A Kondrat
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, 45470 Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Rosa Arrigo
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, U.K
| | - Simon J Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 2AY, U.K
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89
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Feng Y, Ding H, Wu B. Large magnetoresistance and temperature-driven spin filter effect in spin valve based on half Heusler alloy. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:114706. [PMID: 36948816 DOI: 10.1063/5.0124717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
High spin-injection-efficiency (SIE) and thermal spin-filter-effect (SFE) from a magnetic material to a barrier material are crucial to the high performance of a spintronic device and a spin caloritronic device, respectively. By performing a nonequilibrium Green's function combined with first-principles calculations, we study the voltage-driven and temperature-driven spin transport properties of a half Heusler alloy RuCrAs based spin valve with different atom-terminated interfaces. The spin valve with a CrAs-top (or Ru-top) interface structure has an ultrahigh equilibrium magnetoresistance (MR) ratio of ∼1.56 × 109% (or ∼5.14 × 108%), ∼100% SIE, a large MR ratio, and high spin current intensity under bias voltage, suggesting that it has a great potential application in spintronic devices. The spin valve with the CrAs-top (or CrAs-bri) interface structure has a perfect SFE due to its very high spin polarization of temperature-driven currents, and it is useful in spin caloritronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Haonan Ding
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi 563002, China
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90
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Tan KC, Pei Q, Yu J, Wen H, Yu Y, Wang J, Nordin NI, He T, Chua YS, Chen P. Realizing room temperature catalytic hydrogenation of sodium phenoxide by Ru/TiO 2 for hydrogen storage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4177-4180. [PMID: 36942825 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Sodium phenoxide is a potentially promising hydrogen storage material due to its high hydrogen capacity and enhanced thermodynamic properties. Nevertheless, efficient catalysts are still lacking due to the high kinetic barrier for the reversible hydrogen uptake and release of sodium phenoxide. In the current work, a comparative study on the catalytic hydrogenation of sodium phenoxide was conducted. To our delight, a simple yet effective ruthenium-based catalyst was identified to respond aggressively to hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogenation of sodium phenoxide even at room temperature. The activity was enhanced by 6 fold with the as-synthesized 5.0% Ru/TiO2 catalyst as compared to that with commercial 5.0% Ru/Al2O3, respectively, under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khai Chen Tan
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Centre of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Qijun Pei
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Jiafeng Yu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Hong Wen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Jintao Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Centre of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nor Izzati Nordin
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Teng He
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Centre of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Shen Chua
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Ping Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Centre of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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91
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Sprueill HW, Bilbrey JA, Pang Q, Sushko PV. Active sampling for neural network potentials: Accelerated simulations of shear-induced deformation in Cu-Ni multilayers. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:114103. [PMID: 36948793 DOI: 10.1063/5.0133023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural network potentials (NNPs) can greatly accelerate atomistic simulations relative to ab initio methods, allowing one to sample a broader range of structural outcomes and transformation pathways. In this work, we demonstrate an active sampling algorithm that trains an NNP that is able to produce microstructural evolutions with accuracy comparable to those obtained by density functional theory, exemplified during structure optimizations for a model Cu-Ni multilayer system. We then use the NNP, in conjunction with a perturbation scheme, to stochastically sample structural and energetic changes caused by shear-induced deformation, demonstrating the range of possible intermixing and vacancy migration pathways that can be obtained as a result of the speedups provided by the NNP. The code to implement our active learning strategy and NNP-driven stochastic shear simulations is openly available at https://github.com/pnnl/Active-Sampling-for-Atomistic-Potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry W Sprueill
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Jenna A Bilbrey
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Qin Pang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Peter V Sushko
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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92
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Lostao A, Lim K, Pallarés MC, Ptak A, Marcuello C. Recent advances in sensing the inter-biomolecular interactions at the nanoscale - A comprehensive review of AFM-based force spectroscopy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124089. [PMID: 36948336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular interactions underpin most processes inside the cell. Hence, a precise and quantitative understanding of molecular association and dissociation events is crucial, not only from a fundamental perspective, but also for the rational design of biomolecular platforms for state-of-the-art biomedical and industrial applications. In this context, atomic force microscopy (AFM) appears as an invaluable experimental technique, allowing the measurement of the mechanical strength of biomolecular complexes to provide a quantitative characterization of their interaction properties from a single molecule perspective. In the present review, the most recent methodological advances in this field are presented with special focus on bioconjugation, immobilization and AFM tip functionalization, dynamic force spectroscopy measurements, molecular recognition imaging and theoretical modeling. We expect this work to significantly aid in grasping the principles of AFM-based force spectroscopy (AFM-FS) technique and provide the necessary tools to acquaint the type of data that can be achieved from this type of experiments. Furthermore, a critical assessment is done with other nanotechnology techniques to better visualize the future prospects of AFM-FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Lostao
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain; Fundación ARAID, Aragón, Spain.
| | - KeeSiang Lim
- WPI-Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - María Carmen Pallarés
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Arkadiusz Ptak
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan 60-925, Poland
| | - Carlos Marcuello
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.
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93
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Majeed I, Arif A, Idrees A, Ullah H, Ali H, Mehmood A, Rashid A, Nadeem MA, Nadeem MA. Synergistic Effect of Pd Co-Catalyst and rGO–TiO2 Hybrid Support for Enhanced Photoreforming of Oxygenates. Hydrogen 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/hydrogen4010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoreforming biomass-derived waste such as glycerol into hydrogen fuel is a renewable hydrogen generation technology that has the potential to become important due to unavoidable CO2 production during methane steam reforming. Despite tremendous efforts, the challenge of developing highly active photocatalysts at a low cost still remains elusive. Here, we developed a novel photocatalyst with a hybrid support comprising reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and TiO2 nanorods (TNR). rGO in the hybrid support not only performed as an excellent scavenger of electrons from the semiconductor conduction band due to its suitable electrochemical potential, but also acted as an electron transport highway to the metal co-catalyst, which otherwise is not possible by simply increasing metal loading due to the shadowing effect. A series of hybrid supports with different TNR and rGO ratios were prepared by the deposition method. Pd nanoparticles were deposited over hybrid support through the chemical reduction method. Pd/rGO-TNRs photocatalyst containing 4 wt.% rGO contents in the support and 1 wt.% nominal Pd loading demonstrated hydrogen production activity ~41 mmols h−1g−1, which is 4 and 40 times greater than benchmark Au/TiO2 and pristine P25. The findings of this works provide a new strategy in optimizing charge extraction from TiO2, which otherwise has remained impossible due to a fixed tradeoff between metal loading and the detrimental shadowing effect.
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94
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Krachler M, Ferri AIM, Bulgheroni A. Influence of UO 2 crystal orientation on laser ablation performance. Micron 2023; 168:103445. [PMID: 36963274 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Crystallographic orientation dependence deteriorates the performance of surface analysis methods such as secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and focused ion beam (FIB). This study explores the corresponding potential challenges of laser ablation (LA) as a powerful sampling tool for inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To this end, three UO2 single crystals of different orientation as well as polycrystalline UO2 were produced and characterized. Subsequently, a ns-laser ablation system was employed to study laser-matter interaction in detail. Firing the laser continuously at 1 Hz with various single shot fluence (2, 4, 6, 8, 12 J cm-2) for diverse periods created LA craters impacted by cumulative fluence between 50 and 650 J cm-2. Repeated LA experiments on the (100) plane of a UO2 single crystal at the beginning and end of the entire study revealed highly reproducible (<3%) LA rates, only limited by the fluctuation of the laser energy output of the ns-LA system. After thorough cleaning of the ablated samples, surface roughness and average depth of LA craters were determined using confocal laser scanning profilometry. Both LA rate and average depth of craters decreased exponentially with increasing single shot fluence independently of the crystal orientation. Surface roughness increased linearly with increasing cumulative fluence having largest intensification for lowest single shot fluence. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images not only revealed the conical silhouette of LA craters, but also identified a convex meniscus at its bottom. This particular shape of the crater bottom with a deeper ring surrounding the central region is a result of melted and re-solidified UO2 generated during the LA process and the main limiting factor for the achievable depth resolution. The rapid re-solidification of the liquid phase after each single laser shot created tiles of different shape and orientation, depending on UO2 crystal orientation. Three different types of ejected particles radially distributed around the LA craters were identified by SEM, providing profound insights into laser-UO2 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Krachler
- European Commission - Joint Research Centre Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | | | - Antonio Bulgheroni
- European Commission - Joint Research Centre Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
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95
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Elezovic NR. Development of electrochemistry in Serbia-challenges and perspectives. J Solid State Electrochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-023-05449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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96
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Martín‐Encinar L, Marqués LA, Santos I, López P, Pelaz L. Concurrent Characterization of Surface Diffusion and Intermixing of Ge on Si: A Classical Molecular Dynamics Study. Advcd Theory and Sims 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Martín‐Encinar
- Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Valladolid Paseo Belén 15 Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Marqués
- Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Valladolid Paseo Belén 15 Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Iván Santos
- Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Valladolid Paseo Belén 15 Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Pedro López
- Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Valladolid Paseo Belén 15 Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Lourdes Pelaz
- Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Valladolid Paseo Belén 15 Valladolid 47011 Spain
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97
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Millot Y, Hervier A, Ayari J, Hmili N, Blanchard J, Boujday S. Revisiting Alkoxysilane Assembly on Silica Surfaces: Grafting versus Homo-Condensation in Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6671-6681. [PMID: 36926855 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Silica surface functionalization is often done through the condensation of functional silanes on silanols, silica surfaces' terminal groups. APTES, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, is widely used due to its assumed high reactivity with silanols, kinetically promoted by the catalytic action of the terminal amine function. Here, we revisit, based on a quantitative analysis by solid-state 29Si NMR, the assembly of this silane on silica surfaces to investigate whether its presence results from grafting, i.e., hetero-condensation with silanol groups or from homo-condensation of silane molecules in solution leading to polycondensates physisorbed on silica. We investigate the interaction of APTES with a crystalline layered silicate, ilerite, and with amorphous nonporous silica. We also studied a second silane, cyanopropyltrichlorosilane (CPTCS), terminated with a nitrile group. Our results undoubtedly prove that while CPTCS is grafted on the silica surface, the presence of APTES on silica and silicate materials is only marginally associated with silanol consumption. The analysis of the signal related to silicon atoms from silanes (Tn species) and those from silica (Qn species) allowed for the accurate estimation of the extent of homo-condensation vs grafting based on the ratio of T-O-T/Q-O-T siloxane bridges. These findings deeply question the well-established certainties on APTES assembly on silica that should no longer be seen as grafting of alkoxysilane by hetero-condensation with silanol groups but more accurately as a homo-condensed network of silanes, predominantly physisorbed on the surface but including some sparse anchoring points to the surface involving less than 6% of the overall silanol groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Millot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Hervier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jihed Ayari
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Naoures Hmili
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Juliette Blanchard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Souhir Boujday
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
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98
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Chen P, Fan D, Selloni A, Carter EA, Arnold CB, Zhang Y, Gross AS, Chelikowsky JR, Yao N. Observation of electron orbital signatures of single atoms within metal-phthalocyanines using atomic force microscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1460. [PMID: 36928085 PMCID: PMC10020477 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Resolving the electronic structure of a single atom within a molecule is of fundamental importance for understanding and predicting chemical and physical properties of functional molecules such as molecular catalysts. However, the observation of the orbital signature of an individual atom is challenging. We report here the direct identification of two adjacent transition-metal atoms, Fe and Co, within phthalocyanine molecules using high-resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy (HR-AFM). HR-AFM imaging reveals that the Co atom is brighter and presents four distinct lobes on the horizontal plane whereas the Fe atom displays a "square" morphology. Pico-force spectroscopy measurements show a larger repulsion force of about 5 pN on the tip exerted by Co in comparison to Fe. Our combined experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that both the distinguishable features in AFM images and the variation in the measured forces arise from Co's higher electron orbital occupation above the molecular plane. The ability to directly observe orbital signatures using HR-AFM should provide a promising approach to characterizing the electronic structure of an individual atom in a molecular species and to understand mechanisms of certain chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Chen
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA
| | - Dingxin Fan
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA.,McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1589, USA
| | - Annabella Selloni
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544-0001, USA
| | - Emily A Carter
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544-5263, USA.,Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08540-6655, USA
| | - Craig B Arnold
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544-5263, USA
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Annandale, NJ, 08801-3096, USA
| | - Adam S Gross
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Annandale, NJ, 08801-3096, USA
| | - James R Chelikowsky
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1589, USA. .,Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1192, USA. .,Center for Computational Materials, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1229, USA.
| | - Nan Yao
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA.
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99
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Rabinowitz J, Hartel AJW, Dayton H, Fabbri JD, Jo J, Dietrich LEP, Shepard KL. Charge Mapping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using a Hopping Mode Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy Technique. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5285-5292. [PMID: 36920847 PMCID: PMC10359948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is a topographic imaging technique capable of probing biological samples in electrolyte conditions. SICM enhancements have enabled surface charge detection based on voltage-dependent signals. Here, we show how the hopping mode SICM method (HP-SICM) can be used for rapid and minimally invasive surface charge mapping. We validate our method usingPseudomonas aeruginosaPA14 (PA) cells and observe a surface charge density of σPA = -2.0 ± 0.45 mC/m2 that is homogeneous within the ∼80 nm lateral scan resolution. This biological surface charge is detected from at least 1.7 μm above the membrane (395× the Debye length), and the long-range charge detection is attributed to electroosmotic amplification. We show that imaging with a nanobubble-plugged probe reduces perturbation of the underlying sample. We extend the technique to PA biofilms and observe a charge density exceeding -20 mC/m2. We use a solid-state calibration to quantify surface charge density and show that HP-SICM cannot be quantitatively described by a steady-state finite element model. This work contributes to the body of scanning probe methods that can uniquely contribute to microbiology and cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Rabinowitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Andreas J W Hartel
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States.,Department of Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Hannah Dayton
- Department of Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jason D Fabbri
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jeanyoung Jo
- Department of Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Lars E P Dietrich
- Department of Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Kenneth L Shepard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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100
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Zuo C, Su Q. Advances in Semiconductor-Based Nanocomposite Photo(electro)catalysts for Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia. Molecules 2023; 28:2666. [PMID: 36985636 PMCID: PMC10057858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Photo(electro)catalytic nitrogen fixation technology is a promising ammonia synthesis technology using clean solar and electric energy as the driving energy. Abundant nitrogen and water as raw materials uphold the principle of green and sustainable development. However, the generally low efficiency of the nitrogen reduction reaction has seriously restricted the application and development of this technology. The paper introduces the nitrogen reduction process and discusses the main challenges and differences in the current photo(electro)catalytic nitrogen fixation systems. It focuses on promoting the adsorption and activation of N2 and the resolution and diffusion of NH3 generated. In recent years, reviews of the modification strategies of semiconductor materials in light of the typical cases of nitrogen fixation have been reported in the literature. Finally, the future development trend of this field is analyzed and prospected.
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