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Friederich MW, Perez FA, Knight KM, Van Hove RA, Yang SP, Saneto RP, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in NUBPL result in failure to assemble the matrix arm of complex I and cause a complex leukoencephalopathy with thalamic involvement. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:236-242. [PMID: 31917109 PMCID: PMC8096346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of the white matter are genetically very heterogeneous including several genes involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Diagnosis of the underlying cause is aided by pattern recognition on neuroimaging and by next-generation sequencing. Recently, genetic changes in the complex I assembly factor NUBPL have been characterized by a consistent recognizable pattern of leukoencephalopathy affecting deep white matter including the corpus callosum and cerebellum. Here, we report twin boys with biallelic variants in NUBPL, an unreported c.351 G > A; p.(Met117Ile) and a previously reported pathological variant c. 693 + 1 G > A. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormal T2 hyperintense signal involving the periventricular white matter, external capsule, corpus callosum, and, prominently, the bilateral thalami. The neuroimaging pattern evolved over 18 months with marked diffuse white matter signal abnormality, volume loss, and new areas of signal abnormality in the cerebellar folia and vermis. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed elevated lactate. Functional studies in cultured fibroblasts confirmed pathogenicity of the genetic variants. Complex I activity of the respiratory chain was deficient spectrophotometrically and on blue native gel with in-gel activity staining. There was absent assembly and loss of proteins of the matrix arm of complex I when traced with an antibody to NDUFS2, and incomplete assembly of the membrane arm when traced with an NDUFB6 antibody. There was decreased NUBPL protein on Western blot in patient fibroblasts compared to controls. Compromised NUBPL activity impairs assembly of the matrix arm of complex I and produces a severe, rapidly-progressive leukoencephalopathy with thalamic involvement on MRI, further expanding the neuroimaging phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Francisco A Perez
- Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Kaz M Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Roxanne A Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Samuel P Yang
- Clinical Genomics and Preventative Medicine, Providence Medical Group, 105 West 8th Street 454-E, Spokane, WA 99204, USA
| | - Russell P Saneto
- Mitochondrial Medicine and Metabolism, Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Neuroscience Institute, 1900 Ninth Ave, Mailstop C9S-10, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Protasoni M, Pérez‐Pérez R, Lobo‐Jarne T, Harbour ME, Ding S, Peñas A, Diaz F, Moraes CT, Fearnley IM, Zeviani M, Ugalde C, Fernández‐Vizarra E. Respiratory supercomplexes act as a platform for complex III-mediated maturation of human mitochondrial complexes I and IV. EMBO J 2020; 39:e102817. [PMID: 31912925 PMCID: PMC6996572 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) enzymes associate in supercomplexes (SCs) that are structurally interdependent. This may explain why defects in a single component often produce combined enzyme deficiencies in patients. A case in point is the alleged destabilization of complex I in the absence of complex III. To clarify the structural and functional relationships between complexes, we have used comprehensive proteomic, functional, and biogenetical approaches to analyze a MT-CYB-deficient human cell line. We show that the absence of complex III blocks complex I biogenesis by preventing the incorporation of the NADH module rather than decreasing its stability. In addition, complex IV subunits appeared sequestered within complex III subassemblies, leading to defective complex IV assembly as well. Therefore, we propose that complex III is central for MRC maturation and SC formation. Our results challenge the notion that SC biogenesis requires the pre-formation of fully assembled individual complexes. In contrast, they support a cooperative-assembly model in which the main role of complex III in SCs is to provide a structural and functional platform for the completion of overall MRC biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Protasoni
- Medical Research Council‐Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | | | - Michael E Harbour
- Medical Research Council‐Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Shujing Ding
- Medical Research Council‐Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Ana Peñas
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12)MadridSpain
| | - Francisca Diaz
- Department of NeurologyMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- Department of NeurologyMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA
| | - Ian M Fearnley
- Medical Research Council‐Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Medical Research Council‐Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Cristina Ugalde
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12)MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), U723MadridSpain
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Vetter A, Jahn K, Bouameur JE, Kiritsi D, Magin TM. Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex Keratinocytes Show Disturbed Mitochondrial Positioning and Activity. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1438-1442.e5. [PMID: 31958432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Vetter
- Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Jahn
- Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jamal-Eddine Bouameur
- Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dimitra Kiritsi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas M Magin
- Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Respiratory complex I - Mechanistic insights and advances in structure determination. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148153. [PMID: 31935361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Complex I is the largest and most intricate redox-driven proton pump of the respiratory chain. The structure of bacterial and mitochondrial complex I has been determined by X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM at increasing resolution. The recent cryo-EM structures of the complex I-like NDH complex and membrane bound hydrogenase open a new and more comprehensive perspective on the complex I superfamily. Functional studies and molecular modeling approaches have greatly advanced our understanding of the catalytic cycle of complex I. However, the molecular mechanism by which energy is extracted from the redox reaction and utilized to drive proton translocation is unresolved and a matter of ongoing debate. Here, we review progress in structure determination and functional characterization of complex I and discuss current mechanistic models.
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Protasoni M, Bruno C, Donati MA, Mohamoud K, Severino M, Allegri A, Robinson AJ, Reyes A, Zeviani M, Garone C. Novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in nucleotide-binding protein like protein (NUBPL) cause leukoencephalopathy with multi-systemic involvement. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:26-34. [PMID: 31787496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
NUBPL (Nucleotide-binding protein like) protein encodes a member of the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family, deemed to be involved in mammalian complex I (CI) assembly process. Exome sequencing of a patient presenting with infantile-onset hepatopathy, renal tubular acidosis, developmental delay, short stature, leukoencephalopathy with minimal cerebellar involvement and multiple OXPHOS deficiencies revealed the presence of two novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variants in NUBPL (p.Phe242Leu/p.Leu104Pro). We investigated patient's and control immortalised fibroblasts and demonstrated that both the peripheral and the membrane arms of complex I are undetectable in mutant NUBPL cells, resulting in virtually absent CI holocomplex and loss of enzyme activity. In addition, complex III stability was moderately affected as well. Lentiviral-mediated expression of the wild-type NUBPL cDNA rescued both CI and CIII assembly defects, confirming the pathogenicity of the variants. In conclusion, this is the first report describing a complex multisystemic disorder due to NUBPL defect. In addition, we confirmed the role of NUBPL in Complex I assembly associated with secondary effect on Complex III stability and we demonstrated a defect of mtDNA-related translation which suggests a potential additional role of NUBPL in mtDNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Protasoni
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Alice Donati
- Metabolic Unit, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, viale Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Khadra Mohamoud
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Mariasavina Severino
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Allegri
- Pediatric Clinic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alan J Robinson
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Aurelio Reyes
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK.
| | - Caterina Garone
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata, Università di Bologna, via Massarenti, 11, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
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56
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Fisher JJ, McKeating DR, Cuffe JS, Bianco-Miotto T, Holland OJ, Perkins AV. Proteomic Analysis of Placental Mitochondria Following Trophoblast Differentiation. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1536. [PMID: 31920727 PMCID: PMC6933824 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As gestation proceeds the human placenta is in a constant state of renewal and placental debris is released into the maternal circulation where it can trigger adverse physiological and immunological responses. Trophoblast cells of the placenta differentiate from mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells to fuse and form the syncytiotrophoblast, a multinuclear layer that covers the entire surface of the placenta. As part of this process there are significant changes to cellular cytoskeletal organization and organelle morphology. In this study we have examined the molecular changes that occur in mitochondria from these two cellular compartments and identified differential expression of key proteins that underpin changes in mitochondrial morphology, metabolism and function. Mitochondria were isolated for term placental tissue and separated according to size and density by sequential differential centrifugation. Isolated mitochondrial populations were then subjected to proteomics using HPLC separation of peptides and MS identification. Differential expression of proteins of interest was confirmed by western blots. Using a bioinformatics approach we also examined published protein databases to confirm our observations. In total 651 proteins were differentially regulated in mitochondria from cytotrophoblast versus syncytiotrophoblast. Of these 29 were statistically significant and chosen for subsequent analysis. These included subunits of ATP synthase that would affect ATP production and cristae structure, carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes phospoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-2, pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), fatty acid metabolizing enzyme acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, stress responses such a glucose regulated protein-78 and protein disulfide isomerase, and mitochondrial dynamics proteins mitofusin 1 and 2. Placental cell biology and mitochondrial function is central to the pathogenesis of many gestational disorders such as preeclampsia, pre-term birth, fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes. These studies show important shifts in mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics post trophoblast differentiation and provide key molecular targets for study in pathological pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Fisher
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel R McKeating
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - James S Cuffe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Olivia J Holland
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony V Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
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Frazier AE, Vincent AE, Turnbull DM, Thorburn DR, Taylor RW. Assessment of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes in cells and tissues. Methods Cell Biol 2019; 155:121-156. [PMID: 32183956 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of the individual enzymes involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) forms a key part of diagnostic investigations in patients with suspected mitochondrial disease, and can provide crucial information on mitochondrial OXPHOS function in a variety of cells and tissues that are applicable to many research investigations. In this chapter, we present methods for analysis of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes in cells and tissues based on assays performed in two geographically separate diagnostic referral centers, as part of clinical diagnostic investigations. Techniques for sample preparation from cells and tissues, and spectrophotometric assays for measurement of the activities of OXPHOS complexes I-V, the combined activity of complexes II+III, and the mitochondrial matrix enzyme citrate synthase, are provided. The activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes are often expressed relative to citrate synthase activity, since these ratios may be more robust in accounting for variability that may arise due to tissue quality, handling and storage, cell growth conditions, or any mitochondrial proliferation that may be present in tissues from patients with mitochondrial disease. Considerations for adaption of these techniques to other cells, tissues, and organisms are presented, as well as comparisons to alternate methods for analysis of respiratory chain function. In this context, a quantitative immunofluorescence protocol is also provided that is suitable for measurement of the amount of multiple respiratory chain complexes in small diagnostic tissue samples. The analysis and interpretation of OXPHOS enzyme activities are then placed in the context of mitochondrial disease tissue pathology and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Frazier
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy E Vincent
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David R Thorburn
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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58
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Kang K, Li J, Li R, Xu X, Liu J, Qin L, Huang T, Wu J, Jiao M, Wei M, Wang H, Wang T, Zhang Q. Potentially Critical Roles of NDUFB5, TIMMDC1, and VDAC3 in the Progression of Septic Cardiomyopathy Through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 39:105-117. [PMID: 31794266 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy (SC) is a rare and harmful cardiovascular disease with decreased left ventricular (LV) output and multiple organ failure, which poses a serious threat to human life. Despite the advances in SC, its diagnostic basis and treatment methods are limited, and the specific diagnostic biomarkers and its candidate regulatory targets have not yet been fully established. In this study, the GSE79962 gene expression profile was retrieved, with 20 patients with SC and 11 healthy donors as control. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to investigate gene modules that were strongly correlated with clinical phenotypes. Blue module was found to be most significantly related to SC. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed on the coexpression genes in blue module and showed that it was associated with metabolic pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, and cardiac muscle contraction. Furthermore, a total of 10 hub genes NDUFB5, TIMMDC1, VDAC3, COQ10A, MRPL16 (mitochondrial ribosomal protein L16), C3orf43, TMEM182, DLAT, NDUFA8, and PDHB (pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 beta subunit) in the blue module were identified at transcriptional level and further validated at translational level in myocardium of an lipopolysaccharide-induced septic cardiac dysfunction mouse model. Overall, the results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were consistent with most of the microarray analysis results. Intriguingly, we observed that the highest change was NDUFB5, TIMMDC1, and VDAC3. These identified and validated genes provided references that would advance the understanding of molecular mechanisms of SC. Taken together, using WGCNA, the hub genes NDUFB5, TIMMDC1, and VDAC3 might serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and/or therapeutic targets for precise treatment of SC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kang
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jingtian Li
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Genomics, and Bioinformatics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jianli Liu
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Limin Qin
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Jiao
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Miaomiao Wei
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Subversion of Host Cell Mitochondria by RSV to Favor Virus Production is Dependent on Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex I and ROS Generation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111417. [PMID: 31717900 PMCID: PMC6912631 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a key cause of severe respiratory infection in infants, immunosuppressed adults, and the elderly worldwide, but there is no licensed vaccine or effective, widely-available antiviral therapeutic. We recently reported staged redistribution of host cell mitochondria in RSV infected cells, which results in compromised respiratory activities and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Here, bioenergetic measurements, mitochondrial redox-sensitive dye, and high-resolution quantitative imaging were performed, revealing for the first time that mitochondrial complex I is key to this effect on the host cell, whereby mitochondrial complex I subunit knock-out (KO) cells, with markedly decreased mitochondrial respiration, show elevated levels of RSV infectious virus production compared to wild-type cells or KO cells with re-expressed complex I subunits. This effect correlates strongly with elevated ROS generation in the KO cells compared to wild-type cells or retrovirus-rescued KO cells re-expressing complex I subunits. Strikingly, blocking mitochondrial ROS levels using the mitochondrial ROS scavenger, mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ), inhibits RSV virus production, even in the KO cells. The results highlight RSV's unique ability to usurp host cell mitochondrial ROS to facilitate viral infection and reinforce the idea of MitoQ as a potential therapeutic for RSV.
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Arabidopsis thaliana alternative dehydrogenases: a potential therapy for mitochondrial complex I deficiency? Perspectives and pitfalls. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:236. [PMID: 31665043 PMCID: PMC6821020 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex I (CI or NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) deficiency is the most frequent cause of mitochondrial respiratory chain defect. Successful attempts to rescue CI function by introducing an exogenous NADH dehydrogenase, such as the NDI1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScNDI1), have been reported although with drawbacks related to competition with CI. In contrast to ScNDI1, which is permanently active in yeast naturally devoid of CI, plant alternative NADH dehydrogenases (NDH-2) support the oxidation of NADH only when the CI is metabolically inactive and conceivably when the concentration of matrix NADH exceeds a certain threshold. We therefore explored the feasibility of CI rescue by NDH-2 from Arabidopsis thaliana (At) in human CI defective fibroblasts. RESULTS We showed that, other than ScNDI1, two different NDH-2 (AtNDA2 and AtNDB4) targeted to the mitochondria were able to rescue CI deficiency and decrease oxidative stress as indicated by a normalization of SOD activity in human CI-defective fibroblasts. We further demonstrated that when expressed in human control fibroblasts, AtNDA2 shows an affinity for NADH oxidation similar to that of CI, thus competing with CI for the oxidation of NADH as opposed to our initial hypothesis. This competition reduced the amount of ATP produced per oxygen atom reduced to water by half in control cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, despite their promising potential to rescue CI defects, due to a possible competition with remaining CI activity, plant NDH-2 should be regarded with caution as potential therapeutic tools for human mitochondrial diseases.
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Branco CS, Duong A, Machado AK, Wu A, Scola G, Andreazza AC, Salvador M. Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze has neuroprotective action through mitochondrial modulation in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6013-6025. [PMID: 31452047 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain disorders (BD) including neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, are often associated with impairments in mitochondrial function and oxidative damage that can lead to neuronal injury. The mitochondrial complex I enzyme is one of the main sites of ROS generation and is implicated in many BD pathophysiologies. Despite advances in therapeutics for BD management, conventional pharmacotherapy still cannot efficiently control neuronal redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction. Araucaria angustifolia is one of the main pine species in South America and presents a notable therapeutic history in folk medicine. A. angustifolia extract (AAE), obtained from the natural waste named bracts, is rich in flavonoids; molecules able to regulate cell redox metabolism. We examined the effects of AAE on rotenone-induced mitochondrial complex I dysfunction in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. AAE restored complex I assembly and activity mainly through overexpression of NDUFS7 protein and NDUFV2 gene levels. These findings were accompanied by a reduction in the generation of neuronal reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Our data demonstrates, for the first time, that AAE exerts in vitro neuroprotective effects, thus making it an interesting source for future drug development in BD-associated mitochondrial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Santos Branco
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070 560, Brazil.
| | - Angela Duong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Abbie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gustavo Scola
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health - CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana Cristina Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health - CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070 560, Brazil
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Warburg-like effect is a hallmark of complex I assembly defects. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2475-2489. [PMID: 31121247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to its pivotal role in NADH oxidation and ATP synthesis, mitochondrial complex I (CI) emerged as a crucial regulator of cellular metabolism. A functional CI relies on the sequential assembly of nuclear- and mtDNA-encoded subunits; however, whether CI assembly status is involved in the metabolic adaptations in CI deficiency still remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the relationship between CI functions, its structure and the cellular metabolism in 29 patient fibroblasts representative of most CI mitochondrial diseases. Our results show that, contrary to the generally accepted view, a complex I deficiency does not necessarily lead to a glycolytic switch, i.e. the so-called Warburg effect, but that this particular metabolic adaptation is a feature of CI assembly defect. By contrast, a CI functional defect without disassembly induces a higher catabolism to sustain the oxidative metabolism. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that reactive oxygen species overproduction by CI assembly intermediates and subsequent AMPK-dependent Pyruvate Dehydrogenase inactivation are key players of this metabolic reprogramming. Thus, this study provides a two-way-model of metabolic responses to CI deficiencies that are central not only in defining therapeutic strategies for mitochondrial diseases, but also in all pathophysiological conditions involving a CI deficiency.
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63
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Emelyanova L, Preston C, Gupta A, Viqar M, Negmadjanov U, Edwards S, Kraft K, Devana K, Holmuhamedov E, O'Hair D, Tajik AJ, Jahangir A. Effect of Aging on Mitochondrial Energetics in the Human Atria. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:608-616. [PMID: 28958065 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy production in myocardial cells occurs mainly in the mitochondrion. Although alterations in mitochondrial functions in the senescent heart have been documented, the molecular bases for the aging-associated decline in energy metabolism in the human heart are not fully understood. In this study, we examined transcription profiles of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins in atrial tissue from aged (≥65 years old) and comorbidities-matched adult (<65 years old) patients with preserved left ventricular function. We also correlated changes in functional activity of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes with gene expression changes. There was significant alteration in the expression of 10% (101/1,008) of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins, with 86% downregulated (87/101). Forty-nine percent of the altered genes were confined to mitochondrial energetic pathways. These changes were associated with a significant decrease in respiratory capacity of mitochondria oxidizing glutamate and malate and functional activity of complex I activity that correlated with the downregulation of NDUFA6, NDUFA9, NDUFB5, NDUFB8, and NDUFS2 genes coding for NADH dehydrogenase subunits. Thus, aging is associated with a decline in activity of OXPHOS within the broader transcriptional downregulation of genes regulating mitochondrial energetics, providing a substrate for reduced energetic efficiency in the senescent human atria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Emelyanova
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Claudia Preston
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anu Gupta
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Maria Viqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ulugbek Negmadjanov
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Stacie Edwards
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kelsey Kraft
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kameswari Devana
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ekhson Holmuhamedov
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Daniel O'Hair
- Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - A Jamil Tajik
- Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Arshad Jahangir
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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64
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Lake NJ, Formosa LE, Stroud DA, Ryan MT, Calvo SE, Mootha VK, Morar B, Procopis PG, Christodoulou J, Compton AG, Thorburn DR. A patient with homozygous nonsense variants in two Leigh syndrome disease genes: Distinguishing a dual diagnosis from a hypomorphic protein-truncating variant. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:893-898. [PMID: 30981218 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome is a mitochondrial disease caused by pathogenic variants in over 85 genes. Whole exome sequencing of a patient with Leigh-like syndrome identified homozygous protein-truncating variants in two genes associated with Leigh syndrome; a reported pathogenic variant in PDHX (NP_003468.2:p.(Arg446*)), and an uncharacterized variant in complex I (CI) assembly factor TIMMDC1 (NP_057673.2:p.(Arg225*)). The TIMMDC1 variant was predicted to truncate 61 amino acids at the C-terminus and functional studies demonstrated a hypomorphic impact of the variant on CI assembly. However, the mutant protein could still rescue CI assembly in TIMMDC1 knockout cells and the patient's clinical phenotype was not clearly distinct from that of other patients with the same PDHX defect. Our data suggest that the hypomorphic effect of the TIMMDC1 protein-truncating variant does not constitute a dual diagnosis in this individual. We recommend cautious assessment of variants in the C-terminus of TIMMDC1 and emphasize the need to consider the caveats detailed within the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria when assessing variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Lake
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luke E Formosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah E Calvo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Metabolism Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Metabolism Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bharti Morar
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Mitochondrial Medicine and Biology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter G Procopis
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Mitochondrial Laboratory, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison G Compton
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Mitochondrial Laboratory, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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65
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Differential Effects of Yeast NADH Dehydrogenase (Ndi1) Expression on Mitochondrial Function and Inclusion Formation in a Cell Culture Model of Sporadic Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040119. [PMID: 30934776 PMCID: PMC6523508 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that exhibits aberrant protein aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Ndi1, the yeast mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) enzyme, is a single subunit, internal matrix-facing protein. Previous studies have shown that Ndi1 expression leads to improved mitochondrial function in models of complex I-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. The trans-mitochondrial cybrid cell model of PD was created by fusing mitochondrial DNA-depleted SH-SY5Y cells with platelets from a sporadic PD patient. PD cybrid cells reproduce the mitochondrial dysfunction observed in a patient's brain and periphery and form intracellular, cybrid Lewy bodies comparable to Lewy bodies in PD brain. To improve mitochondrial function and alter the formation of protein aggregates, Ndi1 was expressed in PD cybrid cells and parent SH-SY5Y cells. We observed a dramatic increase in mitochondrial respiration, increased mitochondrial gene expression, and increased PGC-1α gene expression in PD cybrid cells expressing Ndi1. Total cellular aggregated protein content was decreased but Ndi1 expression was insufficient to prevent cybrid Lewy body formation. Ndi1 expression leads to improved mitochondrial function and biogenesis signaling, both processes that could improve neuron survival during disease. However, other aspects of PD pathology such as cybrid Lewy body formation were not reduced. Consequently, resolution of mitochondrial dysfunction alone may not be sufficient to overcome other aspects of PD-related cellular pathology.
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66
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Shahul Hameed UF, Sanislav O, Lay ST, Annesley SJ, Jobichen C, Fisher PR, Swaminathan K, Arold ST. Proteobacterial Origin of Protein Arginine Methylation and Regulation of Complex I Assembly by MidA. Cell Rep 2018; 24:1996-2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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67
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Signes A, Fernandez-Vizarra E. Assembly of mammalian oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V and supercomplexes. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:255-270. [PMID: 30030361 PMCID: PMC6056720 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of the five oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane is an intricate process. The human enzymes comprise core proteins, performing the catalytic activities, and a large number of 'supernumerary' subunits that play essential roles in assembly, regulation and stability. The correct addition of prosthetic groups as well as chaperoning and incorporation of the structural components require a large number of factors, many of which have been found mutated in cases of mitochondrial disease. Nowadays, the mechanisms of assembly for each of the individual complexes are almost completely understood and the knowledge about the assembly factors involved is constantly increasing. On the other hand, it is now well established that complexes I, III and IV interact with each other, forming the so-called respiratory supercomplexes or 'respirasomes', although the pathways that lead to their formation are still not completely clear. This review is a summary of our current knowledge concerning the assembly of complexes I-V and of the supercomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Signes
- MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, U.K
| | - Erika Fernandez-Vizarra
- MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, U.K.
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68
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Repp BM, Mastantuono E, Alston CL, Schiff M, Haack TB, Rötig A, Ardissone A, Lombès A, Catarino CB, Diodato D, Schottmann G, Poulton J, Burlina A, Jonckheere A, Munnich A, Rolinski B, Ghezzi D, Rokicki D, Wellesley D, Martinelli D, Wenhong D, Lamantea E, Ostergaard E, Pronicka E, Pierre G, Smeets HJM, Wittig I, Scurr I, de Coo IFM, Moroni I, Smet J, Mayr JA, Dai L, de Meirleir L, Schuelke M, Zeviani M, Morscher RJ, McFarland R, Seneca S, Klopstock T, Meitinger T, Wieland T, Strom TM, Herberg U, Ahting U, Sperl W, Nassogne MC, Ling H, Fang F, Freisinger P, Van Coster R, Strecker V, Taylor RW, Häberle J, Vockley J, Prokisch H, Wortmann S. Clinical, biochemical and genetic spectrum of 70 patients with ACAD9 deficiency: is riboflavin supplementation effective? Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:120. [PMID: 30025539 PMCID: PMC6053715 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9 (ACAD9) is essential for the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Disease causing biallelic variants in ACAD9 have been reported in individuals presenting with lactic acidosis and cardiomyopathy. RESULTS We describe the genetic, clinical and biochemical findings in a cohort of 70 patients, of whom 29 previously unpublished. We found 34 known and 18 previously unreported variants in ACAD9. No patients harbored biallelic loss of function mutations, indicating that this combination is unlikely to be compatible with life. Causal pathogenic variants were distributed throughout the entire gene, and there was no obvious genotype-phenotype correlation. Most of the patients presented in the first year of life. For this subgroup the survival was poor (50% not surviving the first 2 years) comparing to patients with a later presentation (more than 90% surviving 10 years). The most common clinical findings were cardiomyopathy (85%), muscular weakness (75%) and exercise intolerance (72%). Interestingly, severe intellectual deficits were only reported in one patient and severe developmental delays in four patients. More than 70% of the patients were able to perform the same activities of daily living when compared to peers. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that riboflavin treatment improves complex I activity in the majority of patient-derived fibroblasts tested. This effect was also reported for most of the treated patients and is mirrored in the survival data. In the patient group with disease-onset below 1 year of age, we observed a statistically-significant better survival for patients treated with riboflavin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit M. Repp
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 0483 2525grid.4567.0Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Mastantuono
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 0483 2525grid.4567.0Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Charlotte L. Alston
- 0000 0001 0462 7212grid.1006.7Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Manuel Schiff
- 0000 0001 2217 0017grid.7452.4UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75019 Paris, France ,0000 0004 1937 0589grid.413235.2Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Tobias B. Haack
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany ,0000 0001 2190 1447grid.10392.39Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Agnes Rötig
- 0000 0001 2188 0914grid.10992.33UMR1163, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut IMAGINE, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anna Ardissone
- 0000 0001 0707 5492grid.417894.7Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy ,0000 0001 0707 5492grid.417894.7Child Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy ,0000 0001 2174 1754grid.7563.7Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine DIMET, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Anne Lombès
- 0000 0004 0643 431Xgrid.462098.1INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Claudia B. Catarino
- 0000 0004 1936 973Xgrid.5252.0Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Daria Diodato
- 0000 0001 0727 6809grid.414125.7Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders Unit, Bambino Gesu´ Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gudrun Schottmann
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (NCRC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joanna Poulton
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, The Women’s Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alberto Burlina
- 0000 0004 1760 2630grid.411474.3Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - An Jonckheere
- 0000 0004 0626 3418grid.411414.5Department of Pediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Arnold Munnich
- 0000 0001 2188 0914grid.10992.33UMR1163, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut IMAGINE, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Daniele Ghezzi
- 0000 0001 0707 5492grid.417894.7Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy ,0000 0004 1757 2822grid.4708.bDepartment of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Dariusz Rokicki
- 0000 0001 2232 2498grid.413923.eDepartment of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Diana Wellesley
- 0000 0004 0641 6277grid.415216.5Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Diego Martinelli
- 0000 0001 0727 6809grid.414125.7Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Unit of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Ding Wenhong
- Department of Pediatric cardiology, Beijing Anzhe Hospital, Captital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Eleonora Lamantea
- 0000 0001 0707 5492grid.417894.7Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Elsebet Ostergaard
- grid.475435.4Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ewa Pronicka
- 0000 0001 2232 2498grid.413923.eDepartment of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Germaine Pierre
- 0000 0004 0399 4960grid.415172.4South West Regional Metabolic Department, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, BS1 3NU UK
| | - Hubert J. M. Smeets
- 0000 0004 0480 1382grid.412966.eDepartment of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilka Wittig
- 0000 0004 1936 9721grid.7839.5Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Scurr
- grid.416544.6Department of Clinical Genetics, St Michael’s Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Irenaeus F. M. de Coo
- 000000040459992Xgrid.5645.2Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands ,0000 0004 0480 1382grid.412966.eDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Research School GROW, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Moroni
- 0000 0001 0707 5492grid.417894.7Child Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Joél Smet
- 0000 0004 0626 3303grid.410566.0Department of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johannes A. Mayr
- 0000 0000 9803 4313grid.415376.2Department of Pediatrics, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lifang Dai
- 0000 0004 0369 153Xgrid.24696.3fDepartment of Neurology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Linda de Meirleir
- 0000 0001 2290 8069grid.8767.eResearch Group Reproduction and Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium ,0000 0001 2290 8069grid.8767.eDepartment of Pediatric Neurology, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Markus Schuelke
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (NCRC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- 0000 0004 0427 1414grid.462573.1MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire UK
| | - Raphael J. Morscher
- 0000 0000 9803 4313grid.415376.2Department of Pediatrics, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria ,0000 0000 8853 2677grid.5361.1Division of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert McFarland
- 0000 0001 0462 7212grid.1006.7Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sara Seneca
- 0000 0001 2290 8069grid.8767.eCenter for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics (REGE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- 0000 0004 1936 973Xgrid.5252.0Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 0438 0426grid.424247.3German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany ,grid.452617.3Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 0483 2525grid.4567.0Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany ,grid.452617.3Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 5937 5237grid.452396.fDZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- 0000 0004 0483 2525grid.4567.0Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim M. Strom
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 0483 2525grid.4567.0Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Herberg
- 0000 0001 2240 3300grid.10388.32Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Ahting
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sperl
- 0000 0000 9803 4313grid.415376.2Department of Pediatrics, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Marie-Cecile Nassogne
- 0000 0004 0461 6320grid.48769.34Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Han Ling
- Department of Pediatric cardiology, Beijing Anzhe Hospital, Captital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Fang
- 0000 0004 0369 153Xgrid.24696.3fDepartment of Neurology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Freisinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum Reutlingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Rudy Van Coster
- 0000 0004 0626 3303grid.410566.0Department of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valentina Strecker
- 0000 0004 1936 9721grid.7839.5Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- 0000 0001 0462 7212grid.1006.7Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Johannes Häberle
- 0000 0001 0726 4330grid.412341.1Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Holger Prokisch
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 0483 2525grid.4567.0Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Saskia Wortmann
- 0000000123222966grid.6936.aInstitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, 81675 Munich, Germany ,0000 0004 0483 2525grid.4567.0Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany ,0000 0000 9803 4313grid.415376.2Department of Pediatrics, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
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The Organization of Mitochondrial Supercomplexes is Modulated by Oxidative Stress In Vivo in Mouse Models of Mitochondrial Encephalopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061582. [PMID: 29861458 PMCID: PMC6032222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine the effect of oxidative stress on the stability of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and their association into supercomplexes (SCs) in the neuron-specific Rieske iron sulfur protein (RISP) and COX10 knockout (KO) mice. Previously we reported that these two models display different grades of oxidative stress in distinct brain regions. Using blue native gel electrophoresis, we observed a redistribution of the architecture of SCs in KO mice. Brain regions with moderate levels of oxidative stress (cingulate cortex of both COX10 and RISP KO and hippocampus of the RISP KO) showed a significant increase in the levels of high molecular weight (HMW) SCs. High levels of oxidative stress in the piriform cortex of the RISP KO negatively impacted the stability of CI, CIII and SCs. Treatment of the RISP KO with the mitochondrial targeted antioxidant mitoTEMPO preserved the stability of respiratory complexes and formation of SCs in the piriform cortex and increased the levels of glutathione peroxidase. These results suggest that mild to moderate levels of oxidative stress can modulate SCs into a more favorable architecture of HMW SCs to cope with rising levels of free radicals and cover the energetic needs.
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70
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The Oncojanus Paradigm of Respiratory Complex I. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9050243. [PMID: 29735924 PMCID: PMC5977183 DOI: 10.3390/genes9050243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory function is now recognized as a pivotal player in all the aspects of cancer biology, from tumorigenesis to aggressiveness and chemotherapy resistance. Among the enzymes that compose the respiratory chain, by contributing to energy production, redox equilibrium and oxidative stress, complex I assumes a central role. Complex I defects may arise from mutations in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, in both structural genes or assembly factors, from alteration of the expression levels of its subunits, or from drug exposure. Since cancer cells have a high-energy demand and require macromolecules for proliferation, it is not surprising that severe complex I defects, caused either by mutations or treatment with specific inhibitors, prevent tumor progression, while contributing to resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents. On the other hand, enhanced oxidative stress due to mild complex I dysfunction drives an opposite phenotype, as it stimulates cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness. We here review the current knowledge on the contribution of respiratory complex I to cancer biology, highlighting the double-edged role of this metabolic enzyme in tumor progression, metastasis formation, and response to chemotherapy.
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71
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Metabolic Reprogramming and Redox Signaling in Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 967:241-260. [PMID: 29047090 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a complex disease of the pulmonary vasculature, which in severe cases terminates in right heart failure. Complex remodeling of pulmonary arteries comprises the central issue of its pathology. This includes extensive proliferation, apoptotic resistance and inflammation. As such, the molecular and cellular features of pulmonary hypertension resemble hallmark characteristics of cancer cell behavior. The vascular remodeling derives from significant metabolic changes in resident cells, which we describe in detail. It affects not only cells of pulmonary artery wall, but also its immediate microenvironment involving cells of immune system (i.e., macrophages). Thus aberrant metabolism constitutes principle component of the cancer-like theory of pulmonary hypertension. The metabolic changes in pulmonary artery cells resemble the cancer associated Warburg effect, involving incomplete glucose oxidation through aerobic glycolysis with depressed mitochondrial catabolism enabling the fueling of anabolic reactions with amino acids, nucleotides and lipids to sustain proliferation. Macrophages also undergo overlapping but distinct metabolic reprogramming inducing specific activation or polarization states that enable their participation in the vascular remodeling process. Such metabolic synergy drives chronic inflammation further contributing to remodeling. Enhanced glycolytic flux together with suppressed mitochondrial bioenergetics promotes the accumulation of reducing equivalents, NAD(P)H. We discuss the enzymes and reactions involved. The reducing equivalents modulate the regulation of proteins using NAD(P)H as the transcriptional co-repressor C-terminal binding protein 1 cofactor and significantly impact redox status (through GSH, NAD(P)H oxidases, etc.), which together act to control the phenotype of the cells of pulmonary arteries. The altered mitochondrial metabolism changes its redox poise, which together with enhanced NAD(P)H oxidase activity and reduced enzymatic antioxidant activity promotes a pro-oxidative cellular status. Herein we discuss all described metabolic changes along with resultant alterations in redox status, which result in excessive proliferation, apoptotic resistance, and inflammation, further leading to pulmonary arterial wall remodeling and thus establishing pulmonary artery hypertension pathology.
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72
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Foriel S, Beyrath J, Eidhof I, Rodenburg RJ, Schenck A, Smeitink JAM. Feeding difficulties, a key feature of the Drosophila NDUFS4 mitochondrial disease model. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm032482. [PMID: 29590638 PMCID: PMC5897729 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.032482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are associated with a wide variety of clinical symptoms and variable degrees of severity. Patients with such diseases generally have a poor prognosis and often an early fatal disease outcome. With an incidence of 1 in 5000 live births and no curative treatments available, relevant animal models to evaluate new therapeutic regimes for mitochondrial diseases are urgently needed. By knocking down ND-18, the unique Drosophila ortholog of NDUFS4, an accessory subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I), we developed and characterized several dNDUFS4 models that recapitulate key features of mitochondrial disease. Like in humans, the dNDUFS4 KD flies display severe feeding difficulties, an aspect of mitochondrial disorders that has so far been largely ignored in animal models. The impact of this finding, and an approach to overcome it, will be discussed in the context of interpreting disease model characterization and intervention studies.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Foriel
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Beyrath
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Eidhof
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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73
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Iommarini L, Ghelli A, Tropeano CV, Kurelac I, Leone G, Vidoni S, Lombes A, Zeviani M, Gasparre G, Porcelli AM. Unravelling the Effects of the Mutation m.3571insC/MT-ND1 on Respiratory Complexes Structural Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29518970 PMCID: PMC5877625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian respiratory complex I (CI) biogenesis requires both nuclear and mitochondria-encoded proteins and is mostly organized in respiratory supercomplexes. Among the CI proteins encoded by the mitochondrial DNA, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1 (ND1) is a core subunit, evolutionary conserved from bacteria to mammals. Recently, ND1 has been recognized as a pivotal subunit in maintaining the structural and functional interaction among the hydrophilic and hydrophobic CI arms. A critical role of human ND1 both in CI biogenesis and in the dynamic organization of supercomplexes has been depicted, although the proof of concept is still missing and the critical amount of ND1 protein necessary for a proper assembly of both CI and supercomplexes is not defined. By exploiting a unique model in which human ND1 is allotopically re-expressed in cells lacking the endogenous protein, we demonstrated that the lack of this protein induces a stall in the multi-step process of CI biogenesis, as well as the alteration of supramolecular organization of respiratory complexes. We also defined a mutation threshold for the m.3571insC truncative mutation in mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 1 (MT-ND1), below which CI and its supramolecular organization is recovered, strengthening the notion that a certain amount of human ND1 is required for CI and supercomplexes biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Iommarini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Ghelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Concetta Valentina Tropeano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), U.O. Genetica Medica, Pol. Universitario S. Orsola-Malpighi, Università di Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giulia Leone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sara Vidoni
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
| | - Anne Lombes
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France.
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), U.O. Genetica Medica, Pol. Universitario S. Orsola-Malpighi, Università di Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Scienze della Vita e Tecnologie per la Salute, Università di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
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74
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Zhang W, Chen C, Wang J, Liu L, He Y, Chen Q. Mitophagy in Cardiomyocytes and in Platelets: A Major Mechanism of Cardioprotection Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 33:86-98. [DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00030.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy, a process that selectively removes damaged organelles by autolysosomal degradation, is an early cellular response to ischemia. Mitophagy is activated in both cardiomyocytes and platelets during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and heart disease conditions. We focus on the molecular regulation of mitophagy and highlight the role of mitophagy in cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyan Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yubin He
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Chinese Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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75
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The accumulation of assembly intermediates of the mitochondrial complex I matrix arm is reduced by limiting glucose uptake in a neuronal-like model of MELAS syndrome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1596-1608. [PMID: 29454073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ketogenic diet (KD) which combined carbohydrate restriction and the addition of ketone bodies has emerged as an alternative metabolic intervention used as an anticonvulsant therapy or to treat different types of neurological or mitochondrial disorders including MELAS syndrome. MELAS syndrome is a severe mitochondrial disease mainly due to the m.3243A > G mitochondrial DNA mutation. The broad success of KD is due to multiple beneficial mechanisms with distinct effects of very low carbohydrates and ketones. To evaluate the metabolic part of carbohydrate restriction, transmitochondrial neuronal-like cybrid cells carrying the m.3243A > G mutation, shown to be associated with a severe complex I deficiency was exposed during 3 weeks to glucose restriction. Mitochondrial enzyme defects were combined with an accumulation of complex I (CI) matrix intermediates in the untreated mutant cells, leading to a drastic reduction in CI driven respiration. The severe reduction of CI was also paralleled in post-mortem brain tissue of a MELAS patient carrying high mutant load. Importantly, lowering significantly glucose concentration in cell culture improved CI assembly with a significant reduction of matrix assembly intermediates and respiration capacities were restored in a sequential manner. In addition, OXPHOS protein expression and mitochondrial DNA copy number were significantly increased in mutant cells exposed to glucose restriction. The accumulation of CI matrix intermediates appeared as a hallmark of MELAS pathophysiology highlighting a critical pathophysiological mechanism involving CI disassembly, which can be alleviated by lowering glucose fuelling and the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis, emphasizing the usefulness of metabolic interventions in MELAS syndrome.
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76
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D'Alessandro A, El Kasmi KC, Plecitá-Hlavatá L, Ježek P, Li M, Zhang H, Gupte SA, Stenmark KR. Hallmarks of Pulmonary Hypertension: Mesenchymal and Inflammatory Cell Metabolic Reprogramming. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28. [PMID: 28637353 PMCID: PMC5737722 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The molecular events that promote the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) are complex and incompletely understood. The complex interplay between the pulmonary vasculature and its immediate microenvironment involving cells of immune system (i.e., macrophages) promotes a persistent inflammatory state, pathological angiogenesis, and fibrosis that are driven by metabolic reprogramming of mesenchymal and immune cells. Recent Advancements: Consistent with previous findings in the field of cancer metabolism, increased glycolytic rates, incomplete glucose and glutamine oxidation to support anabolism and anaplerosis, altered lipid synthesis/oxidation ratios, increased one-carbon metabolism, and activation of the pentose phosphate pathway to support nucleoside synthesis are but some of the key metabolic signatures of vascular cells in PH. In addition, metabolic reprogramming of macrophages is observed in PH and is characterized by distinct features, such as the induction of specific activation or polarization states that enable their participation in the vascular remodeling process. CRITICAL ISSUES Accumulation of reducing equivalents, such as NAD(P)H in PH cells, also contributes to their altered phenotype both directly and indirectly by regulating the activity of the transcriptional co-repressor C-terminal-binding protein 1 to control the proliferative/inflammatory gene expression in resident and immune cells. Further, similar to the role of anomalous metabolism in mitochondria in cancer, in PH short-term hypoxia-dependent and long-term hypoxia-independent alterations of mitochondrial activity, in the absence of genetic mutation of key mitochondrial enzymes, have been observed and explored as potential therapeutic targets. FUTURE DIRECTIONS For the foreseeable future, short- and long-term metabolic reprogramming will become a candidate druggable target in the treatment of PH. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 230-250.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D'Alessandro
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado - Denver , Colorado
| | - Karim C El Kasmi
- 2 Developmental Lung Biology and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, University of Colorado - Denver , Colorado.,3 Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Colorado - Denver , Colorado
| | - Lydie Plecitá-Hlavatá
- 4 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology , Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ježek
- 4 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology , Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Min Li
- 2 Developmental Lung Biology and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, University of Colorado - Denver , Colorado
| | - Hui Zhang
- 2 Developmental Lung Biology and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, University of Colorado - Denver , Colorado
| | - Sachin A Gupte
- 5 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College , Valhalla, New York
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- 2 Developmental Lung Biology and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, University of Colorado - Denver , Colorado
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77
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Silva J, Aivio S, Knobel PA, Bailey LJ, Casali A, Vinaixa M, Garcia-Cao I, Coyaud É, Jourdain AA, Pérez-Ferreros P, Rojas AM, Antolin-Fontes A, Samino-Gené S, Raught B, González-Reyes A, Ribas de Pouplana L, Doherty AJ, Yanes O, Stracker TH. EXD2 governs germ stem cell homeostasis and lifespan by promoting mitoribosome integrity and translation. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:162-174. [PMID: 29335528 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-017-0016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are subcellular organelles that are critical for meeting the bioenergetic and biosynthetic needs of the cell. Mitochondrial function relies on genes and RNA species encoded both in the nucleus and mitochondria, and on their coordinated translation, import and respiratory complex assembly. Here, we characterize EXD2 (exonuclease 3'-5' domain-containing 2), a nuclear-encoded gene, and show that it is targeted to the mitochondria and prevents the aberrant association of messenger RNAs with the mitochondrial ribosome. Loss of EXD2 results in defective mitochondrial translation, impaired respiration, reduced ATP production, increased reactive oxygen species and widespread metabolic abnormalities. Depletion of the Drosophila melanogaster EXD2 orthologue (CG6744) causes developmental delays and premature female germline stem cell attrition, reduced fecundity and a dramatic extension of lifespan that is reversed with an antioxidant diet. Our results define a conserved role for EXD2 in mitochondrial translation that influences development and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Silva
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip A Knobel
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Department for Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura J Bailey
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Andreu Casali
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Vinaixa
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Garcia-Cao
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Étienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexis A Jourdain
- Department of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pablo Pérez-Ferreros
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,EMBL Australia, University of New South Wales, Lowy Cancer Research Center, Single Molecule Science Node, Sydney and Arc Center of Excellence in Advance Molecular Imaging, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ana M Rojas
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS/CSIC/US/JA), Campus Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Albert Antolin-Fontes
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Samino-Gené
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Acaimo González-Reyes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/JA, Seville, Spain
| | - Lluís Ribas de Pouplana
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aidan J Doherty
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
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78
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Frazier AE, Thorburn DR, Compton AG. Mitochondrial energy generation disorders: genes, mechanisms, and clues to pathology. J Biol Chem 2017; 294:5386-5395. [PMID: 29233888 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r117.809194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited disorders of oxidative phosphorylation cause the clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases known as mitochondrial energy generation disorders, or mitochondrial diseases. Over the last three decades, mutations causing these disorders have been identified in almost 290 genes, but many patients still remain without a molecular diagnosis. Moreover, while our knowledge of the genetic causes is continually expanding, our understanding into how these defects lead to cellular dysfunction and organ pathology is still incomplete. Here, we review recent developments in disease gene discovery, functional characterization, and shared pathogenic parameters influencing disease pathology that offer promising avenues toward the development of effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Frazier
- From the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, and
| | - David R Thorburn
- From the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, and.,Victorian Clinical Genetic Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Alison G Compton
- From the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, and
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79
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Ahmed ST, Alston CL, Hopton S, He L, Hargreaves IP, Falkous G, Oláhová M, McFarland R, Turnbull DM, Rocha MC, Taylor RW. Using a quantitative quadruple immunofluorescent assay to diagnose isolated mitochondrial Complex I deficiency. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15676. [PMID: 29142257 PMCID: PMC5688115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated Complex I (CI) deficiency is the most commonly observed mitochondrial respiratory chain biochemical defect, affecting the largest OXPHOS component. CI is genetically heterogeneous; pathogenic variants affect one of 38 nuclear-encoded subunits, 7 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits or 14 known CI assembly factors. The laboratory diagnosis relies on the spectrophotometric assay of enzyme activity in mitochondrially-enriched tissue homogenates, requiring at least 50 mg skeletal muscle, as there is no reliable histochemical method for assessing CI activity directly in tissue cryosections. We have assessed a validated quadruple immunofluorescent OXPHOS (IHC) assay to detect CI deficiency in the diagnostic setting, using 10 µm transverse muscle sections from 25 patients with genetically-proven pathogenic CI variants. We observed loss of NDUFB8 immunoreactivity in all patients with mutations affecting nuclear-encoding structural subunits and assembly factors, whilst only 3 of the 10 patients with mutations affecting mtDNA-encoded structural subunits showed loss of NDUFB8, confirmed by BN-PAGE analysis of CI assembly and IHC using an alternative, commercially-available CI (NDUFS3) antibody. The IHC assay has clear diagnostic potential to identify patients with a CI defect of Mendelian origins, whilst highlighting the necessity of complete mitochondrial genome sequencing in the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda T Ahmed
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sila Hopton
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Langping He
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Iain P Hargreaves
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Gavin Falkous
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Monika Oláhová
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mariana C Rocha
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,BHF Centre of Research Excellence, The James Black Centre, King's College London, University of London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. .,NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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80
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Massoz S, Hanikenne M, Bailleul B, Coosemans N, Radoux M, Miranda-Astudillo H, Cardol P, Larosa V, Remacle C. In vivo chlorophyll fluorescence screening allows the isolation of a Chlamydomonas mutant defective for NDUFAF3, an assembly factor involved in mitochondrial complex I assembly. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 92:584-595. [PMID: 28857403 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The qualitative screening method used to select complex I mutants in the microalga Chlamydomonas, based on reduced growth under heterotrophic conditions, is not suitable for high-throughput screening. In order to develop a fast screening method based on measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence, we first demonstrated that complex I mutants displayed decreased photosystem II efficiency in the genetic background of a photosynthetic mutation leading to reduced formation of the electrochemical proton gradient in the chloroplast (pgrl1 mutation). In contrast, single mutants (complex I and pgrl1 mutants) could not be distinguished from the wild type by their photosystem II efficiency under the conditions tested. We next performed insertional mutagenesis on the pgrl1 mutant. Out of about 3000 hygromycin-resistant insertional transformants, 46 had decreased photosystem II efficiency and three were complex I mutants. One of the mutants was tagged and whole genome sequencing identified the resistance cassette in NDUFAF3, a homolog of the human NDUFAF3 gene, encoding for an assembly factor involved in complex I assembly. Complemented strains showed restored complex I activity and assembly. Overall, we describe here a screening method which is fast and particularly suited for the identification of Chlamydomonas complex I mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Massoz
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
- PhytoSYSTEMS, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Hanikenne
- PhytoSYSTEMS, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
- InBioS - Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Bailleul
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Nadine Coosemans
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
- PhytoSYSTEMS, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Michèle Radoux
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
- PhytoSYSTEMS, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Hector Miranda-Astudillo
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
- PhytoSYSTEMS, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Cardol
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
- PhytoSYSTEMS, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Véronique Larosa
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Claire Remacle
- InBioS - Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
- PhytoSYSTEMS, Chemin de la vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
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81
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Guo R, Zong S, Wu M, Gu J, Yang M. Architecture of Human Mitochondrial Respiratory Megacomplex I 2III 2IV 2. Cell 2017; 170:1247-1257.e12. [PMID: 28844695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory megacomplex represents the highest-order assembly of respiratory chain complexes, and it allows mitochondria to respond to energy-requiring conditions. To understand its architecture, we examined the human respiratory chain megacomplex-I2III2IV2 (MCI2III2IV2) with 140 subunits and a subset of associated cofactors using cryo-electron microscopy. The MCI2III2IV2 forms a circular structure with the dimeric CIII located in the center, where it is surrounded by two copies each of CI and CIV. Two cytochrome c (Cyt.c) molecules are positioned to accept electrons on the surface of the c1 state CIII dimer. Analyses indicate that CII could insert into the gaps between CI and CIV to form a closed ring, which we termed the electron transport chain supercomplex. The structure not only reveals the precise assignment of individual subunits of human CI and CIII, but also enables future in-depth analysis of the electron transport chain as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Jinke Gu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Maojun Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
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82
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Pavón N, Cabrera-Orefice A, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Uribe-Alvarez C, Rivero-Segura NA, Vazquez-Martínez ER, Cerbón M, Martínez-Abundis E, Torres-Narvaez JC, Martínez-Memije R, Roldán-Gómez FJ, Uribe-Carvajal S. In female rat heart mitochondria, oophorectomy results in loss of oxidative phosphorylation. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:221-235. [PMID: 27872198 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oophorectomy in adult rats affected cardiac mitochondrial function. Progression of mitochondrial alterations was assessed at one, two and three months after surgery: at one month, very slight changes were observed, which increased at two and three months. Gradual effects included decrease in the rates of oxygen consumption and in respiratory uncoupling in the presence of complex I substrates, as well as compromised Ca2+ buffering ability. Malondialdehyde concentration increased, whereas the ROS-detoxifying enzyme Mn2+ superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and aconitase lost activity. In the mitochondrial respiratory chain, the concentration and activity of complex I and complex IV decreased. Among other mitochondrial enzymes and transporters, adenine nucleotide carrier and glutaminase decreased. 2-Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase also decreased. Data strongly suggest that in the female rat heart, estrogen depletion leads to progressive, severe mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pavón
- Departamento de FarmacologíaInstituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice
- Departamento de Genética MolecularInstituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico
| | | | - Cristina Uribe-Alvarez
- Departamento de Genética MolecularInstituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Nadia A Rivero-Segura
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción HumanaInstituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química UNAM, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Edgar Ricardo Vazquez-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción HumanaInstituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química UNAM, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción HumanaInstituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química UNAM, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Abundis
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de ComalcalcoUniversidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, México, Mexico
| | | | - Raúl Martínez-Memije
- Departamento de Instrumentación ElectromecánicaInstituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan DF, México, Mexico
| | | | - Salvador Uribe-Carvajal
- Departamento de Genética MolecularInstituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico
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83
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Speijer D. Alternating terminal electron-acceptors at the basis of symbiogenesis: How oxygen ignited eukaryotic evolution. Bioessays 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dave Speijer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Academic Medical Centre (AMC); University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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84
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Dibley MG, Ryan MT, Stroud DA. A novel isoform of the human mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFV3. FEBS Lett 2016; 591:109-117. [PMID: 27987311 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human mitochondrial complex I is the first enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Complex I is composed of 45 subunits, seven encoded by mitochondrial DNA, while the remainder are encoded by nuclear DNA. All nuclear-encoded subunits are thought to be expressed as a single isoform. Here we reveal subunit NDUFV3 to be present in both the canonical 10 kDa and a novel 50 kDa isoform, generated through alternative splicing. Both isoforms assemble into complex I and their levels vary in different tissues. While the 50 kDa isoform appears to be dominant in HEK293T cells, we find either isoform alone is sufficient for assembly of mature complex I. NDUFV3 represents the first known complex I subunit present in two functional isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marris G Dibley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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85
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Gómez-Serrano M, Camafeita E, López JA, Rubio MA, Bretón I, García-Consuegra I, García-Santos E, Lago J, Sánchez-Pernaute A, Torres A, Vázquez J, Peral B. Differential proteomic and oxidative profiles unveil dysfunctional protein import to adipocyte mitochondria in obesity-associated aging and diabetes. Redox Biol 2016; 11:415-428. [PMID: 28064117 PMCID: PMC5220168 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human age-related diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), have long been associated to mitochondrial dysfunction; however, the role for adipose tissue mitochondria in these conditions remains unknown. We have tackled the impact of aging and T2DM on adipocyte mitochondria from obese patients by quantitating not only the corresponding abundance changes of proteins, but also the redox alterations undergone by Cys residues thereof. For that, we have resorted to a high-throughput proteomic approach based on isobaric labeling, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The alterations undergone by the mitochondrial proteome revealed aging- and T2DM-specific hallmarks. Thus, while a global decrease of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) subunits was found in aging, the diabetic patients exhibited a reduction of specific OXPHOS complexes as well as an up-regulation of the anti-oxidant response. Under both conditions, evidence is shown for the first time of a link between increased thiol protein oxidation and decreased protein abundance in adipose tissue mitochondria. This association was stronger in T2DM, where OXPHOS mitochondrial- vs. nuclear-encoded protein modules were found altered, suggesting impaired mitochondrial protein translocation and complex assembly. The marked down-regulation of OXPHOS oxidized proteins and the alteration of oxidized Cys residues related to protein import through the redox-active MIA (Mitochondrial Intermembrane space Assembly) pathway support that defects in protein translocation to the mitochondria may be an important underlying mechanism for mitochondrial dysfunction in T2DM and physiological aging. The present draft of redox targets together with the quantification of protein and oxidative changes may help to better understand the role of oxidative stress in both a physiological process like aging and a pathological condition like T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gómez-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Alberto Sols, (IIBM); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Juan A López
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rubio
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IDISSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Irene Bretón
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - Inés García-Consuegra
- Instituto de Investigación, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28041, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), U723, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Eva García-Santos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Alberto Sols, (IIBM); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Jesús Lago
- Department of Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - Andrés Sánchez-Pernaute
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IDISSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Antonio Torres
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IDISSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Belén Peral
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Alberto Sols, (IIBM); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain.
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86
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Kahlhöfer F, Kmita K, Wittig I, Zwicker K, Zickermann V. Accessory subunit NUYM (NDUFS4) is required for stability of the electron input module and activity of mitochondrial complex I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1858:175-181. [PMID: 27871794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I is an intricate 1MDa membrane protein complex with a central role in aerobic energy metabolism. The minimal form of complex I consists of fourteen central subunits that are conserved from bacteria to man. In addition, eukaryotic complex I comprises some 30 accessory subunits of largely unknown function. The gene for the accessory NDUFS4 subunit of human complex I is a hot spot for fatal pathogenic mutations in humans. We have deleted the gene for the orthologous NUYM subunit in the aerobic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, an established model system to study eukaryotic complex I and complex I linked diseases. We observed assembly of complex I which lacked only subunit NUYM and retained weak interaction with assembly factor N7BML (human NDUFAF2). Absence of NUYM caused distortion of iron sulfur clusters of the electron input domain leading to decreased complex I activity and increased release of reactive oxygen species. We conclude that NUYM has an important stabilizing function for the electron input module of complex I and is essential for proper complex I function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Kahlhöfer
- Structural Bioenergetics Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kmita
- Structural Bioenergetics Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt "Macromolecular Complexes", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Zwicker
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical School, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Zickermann
- Structural Bioenergetics Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt "Macromolecular Complexes", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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87
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Stroud DA, Surgenor EE, Formosa LE, Reljic B, Frazier AE, Dibley MG, Osellame LD, Stait T, Beilharz TH, Thorburn DR, Salim A, Ryan MT. Accessory subunits are integral for assembly and function of human mitochondrial complex I. Nature 2016; 538:123-126. [PMID: 27626371 DOI: 10.1038/nature19754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the first enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and is composed of 45 subunits in humans, making it one of the largest known multi-subunit membrane protein complexes. Complex I exists in supercomplex forms with respiratory chain complexes III and IV, which are together required for the generation of a transmembrane proton gradient used for the synthesis of ATP. Complex I is also a major source of damaging reactive oxygen species and its dysfunction is associated with mitochondrial disease, Parkinson's disease and ageing. Bacterial and human complex I share 14 core subunits that are essential for enzymatic function; however, the role and necessity of the remaining 31 human accessory subunits is unclear. The incorporation of accessory subunits into the complex increases the cellular energetic cost and has necessitated the involvement of numerous assembly factors for complex I biogenesis. Here we use gene editing to generate human knockout cell lines for each accessory subunit. We show that 25 subunits are strictly required for assembly of a functional complex and 1 subunit is essential for cell viability. Quantitative proteomic analysis of cell lines revealed that loss of each subunit affects the stability of other subunits residing in the same structural module. Analysis of proteomic changes after the loss of specific modules revealed that ATP5SL and DMAC1 are required for assembly of the distal portion of the complex I membrane arm. Our results demonstrate the broad importance of accessory subunits in the structure and function of human complex I. Coupling gene-editing technology with proteomics represents a powerful tool for dissecting large multi-subunit complexes and enables the study of complex dysfunction at a cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elliot E Surgenor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luke E Formosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University 3086, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Boris Reljic
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University 3086, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ann E Frazier
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Marris G Dibley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura D Osellame
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tegan Stait
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Traude H Beilharz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital 3052, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Agus Salim
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University 3086, Melbourne Australia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
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88
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Fiedorczuk K, Letts JA, Degliesposti G, Kaszuba K, Skehel M, Sazanov LA. Atomic structure of the entire mammalian mitochondrial complex I. Nature 2016; 538:406-410. [PMID: 27595392 DOI: 10.1038/nature19794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (also known as NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) contributes to cellular energy production by transferring electrons from NADH to ubiquinone coupled to proton translocation across the membrane. It is the largest protein assembly of the respiratory chain with a total mass of 970 kilodaltons. Here we present a nearly complete atomic structure of ovine (Ovis aries) mitochondrial complex I at 3.9 Å resolution, solved by cryo-electron microscopy with cross-linking and mass-spectrometry mapping experiments. All 14 conserved core subunits and 31 mitochondria-specific supernumerary subunits are resolved within the L-shaped molecule. The hydrophilic matrix arm comprises flavin mononucleotide and 8 iron-sulfur clusters involved in electron transfer, and the membrane arm contains 78 transmembrane helices, mostly contributed by antiporter-like subunits involved in proton translocation. Supernumerary subunits form an interlinked, stabilizing shell around the conserved core. Tightly bound lipids (including cardiolipins) further stabilize interactions between the hydrophobic subunits. Subunits with possible regulatory roles contain additional cofactors, NADPH and two phosphopantetheine molecules, which are shown to be involved in inter-subunit interactions. We observe two different conformations of the complex, which may be related to the conformationally driven coupling mechanism and to the active-deactive transition of the enzyme. Our structure provides insight into the mechanism, assembly, maturation and dysfunction of mitochondrial complex I, and allows detailed molecular analysis of disease-causing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Fiedorczuk
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria.,MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - James A Letts
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | | | - Karol Kaszuba
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Mark Skehel
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 OQH, UK
| | - Leonid A Sazanov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
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89
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Giachin G, Bouverot R, Acajjaoui S, Pantalone S, Soler-López M. Dynamics of Human Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2016; 3:43. [PMID: 27597947 PMCID: PMC4992684 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2016.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are extremely energy demanding cells and highly dependent on the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Mitochondria generate the energetic potential via the respiratory complexes I to IV, which constitute the electron transport chain (ETC), together with complex V. These redox reactions release energy in the form of ATP and also generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are involved in cell signaling but can eventually lead to oxidative stress. Complex I (CI or NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the largest ETC enzyme, containing 44 subunits and the main contributor to ROS production. In recent years, the structure of the CI has become available and has provided new insights into CI assembly. A number of chaperones have been identified in the assembly and stability of the mature holo-CI, although they are not part of its final structure. Interestingly, CI dysfunction is the most common OXPHOS disorder in humans and defects in the CI assembly process are often observed. However, the dynamics of the events leading to CI biogenesis remain elusive, which precludes our understanding of how ETC malfunctioning affects neuronal integrity. Here, we review the current knowledge of the structural features of CI and its assembly factors and the potential role of CI misassembly in human disorders such as Complex I Deficiencies or Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giachin
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Bouverot
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Grenoble, France
| | - Samira Acajjaoui
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Grenoble, France
| | - Serena Pantalone
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Grenoble, France
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90
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Zhu J, Vinothkumar KR, Hirst J. Structure of mammalian respiratory complex I. Nature 2016; 536:354-358. [PMID: 27509854 PMCID: PMC5027920 DOI: 10.1038/nature19095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase), one of the largest membrane-bound enzymes in the cell, powers ATP synthesis in mammalian mitochondria by using the reducing potential of NADH to drive protons across the inner membrane. Mammalian complex I1 contains 45 subunits, comprising 14 core subunits that house the catalytic machinery and are conserved from bacteria to humans, and a mammalian-specific cohort of 31 supernumerary subunits1,2. Knowledge about the structures and functions of the supernumerary subunits is fragmentary. Here, we describe a 4.2 Å resolution single-particle cryoEM structure of complex I from Bos taurus. We locate and model all 45 subunits to provide the entire structure of the mammalian complex. Furthermore, computational sorting of the particles identified different structural classes, related by subtle domain movements, which reveal conformationally-dynamic regions and match biochemical descriptions of the ‘active-to-deactive’ enzyme transition that occurs during hypoxia3,4. Thus, our structures provide a foundation for understanding complex I assembly5 and the effects of mutations that cause clinically-relevant complex I dysfunctions6, insights into the structural and functional roles of the supernumerary subunits, and new information on the mechanism and regulation of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Zhu
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Kutti R Vinothkumar
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Judy Hirst
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
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91
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Preface to complex I special issue. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:861-2. [PMID: 27108376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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