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Fuertes-Agudo M, Luque-Tévar M, Cucarella C, Martín-Sanz P, Casado M. Advances in Understanding the Role of NRF2 in Liver Pathophysiology and Its Relationship with Hepatic-Specific Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1491. [PMID: 37627486 PMCID: PMC10451723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the pathophysiological changes of liver diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that positively regulates the basal and inducible expression of a large battery of cytoprotective genes, thus playing a key role in protecting against oxidative damage. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis. Its expression has always been associated with the induction of inflammation, but we have shown that, in addition to possessing other benefits, the constitutive expression of COX-2 in hepatocytes is beneficial in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in multiple liver diseases. In this review, we summarized the role of NRF2 as a main agent in the resolution of oxidative stress, the crucial role of NRF2 signaling pathways during the development of chronic liver diseases, and, finally we related its action to that of COX-2, where it appears to operate as its partner in providing a hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fuertes-Agudo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luque-Tévar
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carme Cucarella
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIB) “Alberto Sols”, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSIC, Jaume Roig 11, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.-A.); (M.L.-T.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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52
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Mukherjee AG, Gopalakrishnan AV. The mechanistic insights of the antioxidant Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in oncogenesis: a deadly scenario. Med Oncol 2023; 40:248. [PMID: 37480500 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein has garnered significant interest due to its crucial function in safeguarding cells and tissues. The Nrf2 protein is crucial in preserving tissue integrity by safeguarding cells against metabolic, xenobiotic and oxidative stress. Due to its various functions, Nrf2 is a potential pharmacological target for reducing the incidence of diseases such as cancer. However, mutations in Keap1-Nrf2 are not consistently favored in all types of cancer. Instead, they seem to interact with specific driver mutations of tumors and their respective tissue origins. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-Nrf2 pathway mutations are a powerful cancer adaptation that utilizes inherent cytoprotective pathways, encompassing nutrient metabolism and ROS regulation. The augmentation of Nrf2 activity elicits significant alterations in the characteristics of neoplastic cells, such as resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, safeguarding against apoptosis, heightened invasiveness, hindered senescence, impaired autophagy and increased angiogenesis. The altered activity of Nrf2 can arise from diverse genetic and epigenetic modifications that instantly impact Nrf2 regulation. The present study aims to showcase the correlation between the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and the progression of cancers, emphasizing genetic mutations, metabolic processes, immune regulation, and potential therapeutic strategies. This article delves into the intricacies of Nrf2 pathway anomalies in cancer, the potential ramifications of uncontrolled Nrf2 activity, and therapeutic interventions to modulate the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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53
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Peng S, Shen L, Yu X, Zhang L, Xu K, Xia Y, Zha L, Wu J, Luo H. The role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis and treatment of ulcerative colitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1200111. [PMID: 37359553 PMCID: PMC10285877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease involving mainly the colorectal mucosa and submucosa, the incidence of which has been on the rise in recent years. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), known for its key function as a transcription factor, is pivotal in inducing antioxidant stress and regulating inflammatory responses. Numerous investigations have demonstrated the involvement of the Nrf2 pathway in maintaining the development and normal function of the intestine, the development of UC, and UC-related intestinal fibrosis and carcinogenesis; meanwhile, therapeutic agents targeting the Nrf2 pathway have been widely investigated. This paper reviews the research progress of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lanlan Zha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Hesheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
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Rybalka E, Kourakis S, Bonsett CA, Moghadaszadeh B, Beggs AH, Timpani CA. Adenylosuccinic Acid: An Orphan Drug with Untapped Potential. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:822. [PMID: 37375769 PMCID: PMC10304260 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenylosuccinic acid (ASA) is an orphan drug that was once investigated for clinical application in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Endogenous ASA participates in purine recycling and energy homeostasis but might also be crucial for averting inflammation and other forms of cellular stress during intense energy demand and maintaining tissue biomass and glucose disposal. This article documents the known biological functions of ASA and explores its potential application for the treatment of neuromuscular and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rybalka
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (S.K.); (C.A.T.)
- Inherited and Acquired Myopathy Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
- Department of Medicine—Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
- Division of Neuropaediatrics and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital of Basel (UKBB), 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Kourakis
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (S.K.); (C.A.T.)
- Inherited and Acquired Myopathy Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Charles A. Bonsett
- Dystrophy Concepts Incorporated, Indianapolis, IN 46226, USA;
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Behzad Moghadaszadeh
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.M.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Alan H. Beggs
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.M.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Cara A. Timpani
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (S.K.); (C.A.T.)
- Inherited and Acquired Myopathy Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
- Department of Medicine—Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
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Yumimoto K, Sugiyama S, Motomura S, Takahashi D, Nakayama KI. Molecular evolution of Keap1 was essential for adaptation of vertebrates to terrestrial life. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg2379. [PMID: 37205751 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) posed a risk for the transition of vertebrates from aquatic to terrestrial life. How ancestral organisms adapted to such ROS exposure has remained a mystery. Here, we show that attenuation of the activity of the ubiquitin ligase CRL3Keap1 for the transcription factor Nrf2 during evolution was key to development of an efficient response to ROS exposure. The Keap1 gene was duplicated in fish to give rise to Keap1A and the only remaining mammalian paralog Keap1B, the latter of which shows a lower affinity for Cul3 and contributes to robust Nrf2 induction in response to ROS exposure. Mutation of mammalian Keap1 to resemble zebrafish Keap1A resulted in an attenuated Nrf2 response, and most knock-in mice expressing such a Keap1 mutant died on exposure as neonates to sunlight-level ultraviolet radiation. Our results suggest that molecular evolution of Keap1 was essential for adaptation to terrestrial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Yumimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Sugiyama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Saori Motomura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Department of Protein Structure, Function, and Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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56
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Liatsos GD. SARS-CoV-2 induced liver injury: Incidence, risk factors, impact on COVID-19 severity and prognosis in different population groups. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:2397-2432. [PMID: 37179584 PMCID: PMC10167898 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i16.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver is unlikely the key organ driving mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) however, liver function tests (LFTs) abnormalities are widely observed mostly in moderate and severe cases. According to this review, the overall prevalence of abnormal LFTs in COVID-19 patients ranges from 2.5% to 96.8% worldwide. The geographical variability in the prevalence of underlying diseases is the determinant for the observed discrepancies between East and West. Multifactorial mechanisms are implicated in COVID-19-induced liver injury. Among them, hypercytokinemia with "bystander hepatitis", cytokine storm syndrome with subsequent oxidative stress and endotheliopathy, hypercoagulable state and immuno-thromboinflammation are the most determinant mechanisms leading to tissue injury. Liver hypoxia may also contribute under specific conditions, while direct hepatocyte injury is an emerging mechanism. Except for initially observed severe acute respiratory distress syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) tropism for cholangiocytes, more recent cumulative data show SARS-CoV-2 virions within hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells using electron microscopy (EM). The best evidence for hepatocellular invasion by the virus is the identification of replicating SARS-CoV-2 RNA, S protein RNA and viral nucleocapsid protein within hepatocytes using in-situ hybridization and immunostaining with observed intrahepatic presence of SARS-CoV-2 by EM and by in-situ hybridization. New data mostly derived from imaging findings indicate possible long-term sequelae for the liver months after recovery, suggesting a post-COVID-19 persistent live injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Liatsos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens 11527, Attiki, Greece
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57
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Shilovsky GA, Dibrova DV. Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense: Conservation of Keap1 Cysteines and Nrf2 Binding Site in the Context of the Evolution of KLHL Family. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041045. [PMID: 37109574 PMCID: PMC10146909 DOI: 10.3390/life13041045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) is one of the major negative regulators of the transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2), which induces the expression of numerous proteins defending the cell against different stress conditions. Keap1 is generally negatively regulated by post-translational modification (mostly via its cysteine residues) and interaction with other proteins that compete with Nrf2 for binding. Cysteine residues in Keap1 have different effects on protein regulation, as basic residues (Lys, Arg, and His) in close proximity to them increase cysteine modification potential. In this paper, we present an evolutionary analysis of residues involved in both mechanisms of Keap1 regulation in the broader context of the KLHL protein family in vertebrates. We identified the typical domain structure of the KLHL protein family in several proteins outside of this family (namely in KBTBD proteins 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12 and 14). We found several cysteines that are flanked by basic residues (namely, C14, C38, C151, C226, C241, C273, C288, C297, C319, and C613) and, therefore, may be considered more susceptible to regulatory modification. The Nrf2 binding site is completely conserved in Keap1 in vertebrates but is absent or located in nonaligned DA and BC loops of the Kelch domain within the KLHL family. The development of specific substrate binding regions could be an evolutionary factor of diversification in the KLHL protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Shilovsky
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Russian Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute), 127051 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria V Dibrova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
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58
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Pant A, Dasgupta D, Tripathi A, Pyaram K. Beyond Antioxidation: Keap1-Nrf2 in the Development and Effector Functions of Adaptive Immune Cells. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:288-298. [PMID: 37099275 PMCID: PMC10579846 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitously expressed in mammalian cells, the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-NF erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) complex forms the evolutionarily conserved antioxidation system to tackle oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species, generated as byproducts of cellular metabolism, were identified as essential second messengers for T cell signaling, activation, and effector responses. Apart from its traditional role as an antioxidant, a growing body of evidence indicates that Nrf2, tightly regulated by Keap1, modulates immune responses and regulates cellular metabolism. Newer functions of Keap1 and Nrf2 in immune cell activation and function, as well as their role in inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis, are emerging. In this review, we highlight recent findings about the influence of Keap1 and Nrf2 in the development and effector functions of adaptive immune cells, that is, T cells and B cells, and discuss the knowledge gaps in our understanding. We also summarize the research potential and targetability of Nrf2 for treating immune pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Pant
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Debolina Dasgupta
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Aprajita Tripathi
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Kalyani Pyaram
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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A Review of RRx-001: A Late-Stage Multi-Indication Inhibitor of NLRP3 Activation and Chronic Inflammation. Drugs 2023; 83:389-402. [PMID: 36920652 PMCID: PMC10015535 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-023-01838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic unresolving inflammation is emerging as a key underlying pathological feature of many if not most diseases ranging from autoimmune conditions to cardiometabolic and neurological disorders. Dysregulated immune and inflammasome activation is thought to be the central driver of unresolving inflammation, which in some ways provides a unified theory of disease pathology and progression. Inflammasomes are a group of large cytosolic protein complexes that, in response to infection- or stress-associated stimuli, oligomerize and assemble to generate a platform for driving inflammation. This occurs through proteolytic activation of caspase-1-mediated inflammatory responses, including cleavage and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and initiation of pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of cell death. Several inflammasomes have been characterized. The most well-studied is the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, so named because the NLRP3 protein in the complex, which is primarily present in immune and inflammatory cells following activation by inflammatory stimuli, belongs to the family of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (Nod) receptor proteins. Several NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors are in development, all with multi-indication activity. This review discusses the current status, known mechanisms of action, and disease-modifying therapeutic potential of RRx-001, a direct NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor under investigation in several late-stage anticancer clinical trials, including a phase 3 trial for the treatment of third-line and beyond small cell lung cancer (SCLC), an indication with no treatment, in which RRx-001 is combined with reintroduced chemotherapy from the first line, carboplatin/cisplatin and etoposide (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03699956). Studies from multiple independent groups have now confirmed that RRx-001 is safe and well tolerated in humans. Additionally, emerging evidence in preclinical animal models suggests that RRx-001 could be effective in a wide range of diseases where immune and inflammasome activation drives disease pathology.
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Babaei-Abraki S, Karamali F, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Ferroptosis: The functions of Nrf2 in human embryonic stem cells. Cell Signal 2023; 106:110654. [PMID: 36906163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the capacity of self-renewal as well as differentiation towards three germ layer derivatives which makes them as a source of therapeutic application. hESCs are tremendously prone to cell death after dissociation into single cells. Therefore, it technically hinders their applications. Our recent study has revealed that hESCs can be prone to ferroptosis which differs from those in earlier explorations reporting that cellular detachment results in a process cited as anoikis. Ferroptosis occurs via increasing intracellular iron. Therefore, this form of programmed cell death is distinct from other cell deaths in terms of biochemistry, morphology, and genetics. Ferroptosis is found by excessive iron which plays an important part role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through the Fenton reaction as a cofactor. Many genes are related to ferroptosis under the control of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) which is a transcription factor regulating the expression of genes to protect cells from oxidative stress. Nrf2 was demonstrated to take a perilous role in the suppression of ferroptosis by regulating the iron, antioxidant defense enzymes, usage, and restoration of glutathione, thioredoxin, and NADPH. Mitochondrial function is another target of Nrf2 to control cell homeostasis through the modulation of ROS production. In this review, we will give a succinct overview of lipid peroxidation and discuss the major players in the ferroptotic cascade. Additionally, we discussed the important role of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in mediating lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, with a focus on known Nrf2 target genes that inhibit these processes and their possible role in hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Babaei-Abraki
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fereshteh Karamali
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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Huang S, Li J, Wu S, Zheng Z, Wang C, Li H, Zhao L, Zhang X, Huang H, Huang C, Xie Q. C4orf19 inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation by competitively binding to Keap1 with TRIM25 via the USP17/Elk-1/CDK6 axis. Oncogene 2023; 42:1333-1346. [PMID: 36882524 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, and has been attracted a great deal attention and extensive investigation due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. The C4orf19 gene encodes a protein with uncharacterized function. Our preliminary exploration of the TCGA database indicated that C4orf19 is markedly downregulated in CRC tissues in comparison to that observed in normal colonic tissues, suggesting its potential association with CRC behaviors. Further studies showed a significant positive correlation between C4orf19 expression levels and CRC patient prognosis. Ectopic expression of C4orf19 inhibited the growth of CRC cells in vitro and tumorigenic ability in vivo. Mechanistic studies showed that C4orf19 binds to Keap1 at near the Lys615, which prevents the ubiquitination of Keap1 by TRIM25, thus protecting the Keap1 protein from degradation. The accumulated Keap1 results in USP17 degradation and in turn leading to the degradation of Elk-1, further attenuates its regulated CDK6 mRNA transcription and protein expression, as well as its mediated proliferation of CRC cells. Collectively, the present studies characterize function of C4orf19 as a tumor suppressor for CRC cell proliferation by targeting Keap1/USP17/Elk-1/CDK6 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jizhen Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijian Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingling Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qipeng Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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Dinkova-Kostova AT, Copple IM. Advances and challenges in therapeutic targeting of NRF2. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:137-149. [PMID: 36628798 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is emerging as an attractive therapeutic approach to counteract oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic imbalances. These processes underpin many chronic pathologies with unmet therapeutic needs, including neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic diseases. As the NRF2 field transitions into the clinical phase of its evolution, the need for an understanding of the factors influencing NRF2 pharmacology has never been greater. In this opinion article we describe the rationale for targeting NRF2, summarise the recent advances in drug development of NRF2 modulators, and reflect on the remaining challenges in realising the full clinical potential of NRF2 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Ian M Copple
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.
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Wang SJ, Ye W, Li WY, Tian W, Zhang M, Sun Y, Feng YD, Liu CX, Liu SY, Cao W, Meng JR, Li XQ. Effects and mechanisms of Xiaochaihu Tang against liver fibrosis: An integration of network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:116053. [PMID: 36529247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver fibrosis is a potentially harmful chronic liver disease caused by various etiologies. There is currently no specific drug for liver fibrosis. Xiaochaihu Tang (XCHT) is a traditional formula combined of seven herbs, which was first recorded in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases in Han Dynasty of ancient China. It is widely used in clinic to hepatic protection, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory treatment. And it has been recommended for treating chronic hepatitis and chronic cholecystitis in the latest guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis with integrated traditional and western medicine. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of XCHT on liver fibrosis and its underlying molecular mechanisms from the perspective of network pharmacology and experimental research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced and bile duct ligation (BDL) induced liver fibrosis models in mice were established to evaluate the anti-fibrosis effects of XCHT in vivo. Potential anti-fibrosis targets of XCHT were screened via network establishment. The underlying mechanisms were uncovered through GO and pathway enrichment analysis. Then, the core targets were identified from protein-protein interaction network by means of the Cytohubba plug-in of Cytoscape. Furthermore, two effective monomer components of XCHT were recognized by molecular docking. Moreover, the predicted components and pathways were verified by in vitro experiments. RESULTS When treated with XCHT, liver fibrosis was alleviated in both mice models, showing as the improvement of liver function, the protection of hepatocytes, the inhibition of HSC activation and the reduction of hepatic collagen accumulation. 540 monomer components, 300 therapeutic targets, 109 signaling pathways, 246 GO biological processes, 77 GO cellular components, 107 GO molecular functions items and core targets were identified by network analysis. Then, 6-gingerol and baicalein were identified as the core components of anti-fibrosis effects of XCHT via leptin or Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the experiment in vitro also validated the results. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests XCHT could alleviate liver fibrosis through multi-targets and multi-pathways; 6-gingerol and baicalein are its core components which may play an important role via leptin or Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wan-Yi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Wen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ying-Da Feng
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Chen-Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shao-Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jing-Ru Meng
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Qin Medicine R&D of the Shaanxi Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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Zhu JF, Liu Y, Li WT, Li MH, Zhen CH, Sun PW, Chen JX, Wu WH, Zeng W. Ibrutinib facilitates the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to ferroptosis through BTK/NRF2 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:151. [PMID: 36823108 PMCID: PMC9950074 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Ibrutinib is a drug that inhibits the protein Burton's tyrosine kinase and thereby the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which played a key role in mediating the activation of antioxidants during stress conditions and ferroptosis resistance. This study aimed to identify the effect of Ibrutinib and ferroptosis inducer on colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment and its underlying mechanism. In our study, we found the upregulation of Nrf2 was correlated with CRC progression and antioxidant proteins. Ibrutinib sensitized CRC to ferroptosis inducers, suggested by further reduced CRC cell viability, proliferation and decreased antioxidant protein levels in CRC cells after combination treatment of Ibrutinib and RSL3 or Ibrutinib and Erastin both in vivo and in vitro. Knockout of Nrf2 diminished the regulatory effect of Ibrutinib on CRC sensitivity to ferroptosis inducers. Altogether, this study demonstrated that Ibrutinib increases the sensitivity of CRC cell to ferroptosis inducers by inhibiting Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Hui Zhen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Xin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), 1 Jiazi Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China.
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65
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Zhu X, He L, Gao W, Zhao Z. Neuroprotective investigation of tanshinone in the cerebral infarction model in the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:390-402. [PMID: 36066030 PMCID: PMC9879188 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2119687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It was to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of tanshinone after cerebral infarction via the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant reaction element (ARE) signaling pathway. Forty specific pathogen-free (SPF) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were selected, all of which were male, approximately seven weeks old, weighing 250 ± 25 g. They were randomly divided into a model group, a non-model operation group, a positive control group, and an experimental group with ten SD rats in each group. The model of cerebral infarction in rats was established by the wire occlusion method. The model group and non-model operation group (control group) were injected with normal saline daily, the negative control group was injected with Keap1 gene inhibitor daily, and the experimental group was injected with tanshinone IIA (10 mg·kg-1·d-1) daily. Animal behavior analysis was performed on the 7th day after the operation, and pathology and the neuroprotective effects of tanshinone IIA on cells were assessed, including cell proliferation, autophagy, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial membrane permeability. The neuroprotective mechanism based on the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway was explored and analyzed. Compared with the model group, the number of Keap1 proteins in the experimental group and the control group was substantially reduced (P < 0.05), and the experimental group was substantially different from the model group (P < 0.01). The protein expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 increased substantially (P < 0.05), and the experimental group was substantially different from the model group (P < 0.01). In summary, tanshinone IIA promoted the proliferation of nerve cells, inhibited the production of cellular reactive oxygen species, inhibited the change in mitochondrial membrane potential, and activated the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. It also induced and regulated the upregulation of downstream NQO1, HO-1, etc. and protected cells from cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Department of Neurology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Wu H, Ye N, Huang Z, Lei K, Shi F, Wei Q. Dietary curcumin supplementation relieves hydrogen peroxide-induced testicular injury by antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in roosters. Theriogenology 2023; 197:46-56. [PMID: 36470109 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of dietary curcumin supplementation on the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced testicular oxidative damage in breeder roosters. Thirty-two 20-week roosters were randomly divided into four groups: (1) basal diet (CON); (2) basal diet with H2O2 challenge (H2O2); (3) basal diet with 200 mg/kg curcumin (CUR); (4) basal diet with 200 mg/kg curcumin and H2O2 challenge (CUR + H2O2). The trial lasted for 8 weeks, H2O2 challenged groups got an intraperitoneal injection of H2O2 at the 50 and 53 days, while the CON and CUR groups received an injection of saline. The results showed that dietary curcumin supplementation significantly decreased abnormal sperm rates in the semen, notably improved seminiferous tubules, increased testis scores, and serum testosterone levels. Curcumin supplementation could also ameliorate the redox damage caused by H2O2, by enhancing the capacities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GSH-Px, SOD, and T-AOC), and reducing MDA levels. In addition, curcumin normalized the H2O2-induced negative effects, which included downregulations in spermatogenesis-related genes (STAR, HSD3-β1, SYCP3, AKT1) and antioxidant genes (HMOX-1, NQO-1), reduced protein expressions of Nrf2, PCNA, and Bcl-2, and increased protein expressions of Caspase 3 and Bax. Moreover, H2O2-induced decreased mRNA expressions of EIF2AK3, Caspase3, and BCL-2 were all reversed by dietary curcumin supplementation. In summary, dietary curcumin supplementation could relieve H2O2-induced oxidative damage and reproduction decline through the Nrf2 signaling pathway and anti-apoptotic effects in roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoze Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Nanwei Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kun Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Bourgonje AR, Kloska D, Grochot-Przęczek A, Feelisch M, Cuadrado A, van Goor H. Personalized redox medicine in inflammatory bowel diseases: an emerging role for HIF-1α and NRF2 as therapeutic targets. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102603. [PMID: 36634466 PMCID: PMC9841059 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are intimately associated with inflammation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Temporal and inter-individual variabilities in disease activity and response to therapy pose significant challenges to diagnosis and patient care. Discovery and validation of truly integrative biomarkers would benefit from embracing redox metabolomics approaches with prioritization of central regulatory hubs. We here make a case for applying a personalized redox medicine approach that aims to selectively inhibit pathological overproduction and/or altered expression of specific enzymatic sources of ROS without compromising physiological function. To this end, improved 'clinical-omics integration' may help to better understand which particular redox signaling pathways are disrupted in what patient. Pharmacological interventions capable of activating endogenous antioxidant defense systems may represent viable therapeutic options to restore local/systemic redox status, with HIF-1α and NRF2 holding particular promise in this context. Achieving the implementation of clinically meaningful mechanism-based biomarkers requires development of easy-to-use, robust and cost-effective tools for secure diagnosis and monitoring of treatment efficacy. Ultimately, matching redox-directed pharmacological interventions to individual patient phenotypes using predictive biomarkers may offer new opportunities to break the therapeutic ceiling in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Corresponding author.
| | - Damian Kloska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Grochot-Przęczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Antioxidant Phytochemicals as Potential Therapy for Diabetic Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010123. [PMID: 36670985 PMCID: PMC9855127 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes continues to increase partly due to rapid urbanization and an increase in the aging population. Consequently, this is associated with a parallel increase in the prevalence of diabetic vascular complications which significantly worsen the burden of diabetes. For these diabetic vascular complications, there is still an unmet need for safe and effective alternative/adjuvant therapeutic interventions. There is also an increasing urge for therapeutic options to come from natural products such as plants. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is central to the development of diabetes and diabetic complications. Furthermore, oxidative stress-induced inflammation and insulin resistance are central to endothelial damage and the progression of diabetic complications. Human and animal studies have shown that polyphenols could reduce oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and prevent diabetic complications including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Part of the therapeutic effects of polyphenols is attributed to their modulatory effect on endogenous antioxidant systems. This review attempts to summarize the established effects of polyphenols on endogenous antioxidant systems from the literature. Moreover, potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing the potential benefits of polyphenols for diabetic vascular complications are also discussed.
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69
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Crisman E, Duarte P, Dauden E, Cuadrado A, Rodríguez-Franco MI, López MG, León R. KEAP1-NRF2 protein-protein interaction inhibitors: Design, pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:237-287. [PMID: 36086898 PMCID: PMC10087726 DOI: 10.1002/med.21925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is considered the master regulator of the phase II antioxidant response. It controls a plethora of cytoprotective genes related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and protein homeostasis, among other processes. Activation of these pathways has been described in numerous pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive, metabolic, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the increasing interest of discovering novel NRF2 activators due to its clinical application, initial efforts were devoted to the development of electrophilic drugs able to induce NRF2 nuclear accumulation by targeting its natural repressor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) through covalent modifications on cysteine residues. However, off-target effects of these drugs prompted the development of an innovative strategy, the search of KEAP1-NRF2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors. These innovative activators are proposed to target NRF2 in a more selective way, leading to potentially improved drugs with the application for a variety of diseases that are currently under investigation. In this review, we summarize known KEAP1-NRF2 PPI inhibitors to date and the bases of their design highlighting the most important features of their respective interactions. We also discuss the preclinical pharmacological properties described for the most promising compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Crisman
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Duarte
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Dauden
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' UAM-CSIC, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuela G López
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael León
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Properties of n-Butanol Fraction the Acanthopanax senticosus Extracts in H 2O 2-RAW264.7 Cells and CCl 4-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:9190198. [PMID: 36874619 PMCID: PMC9981302 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9190198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The Acanthopanax senticosus has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological activities, which are associated with health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. A previous study has shown that the n-butanol fraction of A. senticosus extract had the strongest antioxidant effect in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the effects that the n-butanol fraction of A. senticosus extract could relieve oxidative stress damage through antioxidant and antiapoptotic in the H2O2-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and the CCl4-induced liver injury. The result showed that the n-butanol fraction extract could relieve damage by increasing the intracellular antioxidant enzymes (SOD) level, decreasing intracellular ROS and MDA levels, and regulating antioxidant and antiapoptotic-related gene expression levels. The morphological observation of HE, TUNE, and immunohistochemistry staining of liver tissue verified that the n-butanol fraction extract is though anti-oxidative and antiapoptotic to alleviate cellular oxidative damage. The RT-PCR assay showed that the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE and the Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway were related to the molecular mechanism of action. The experimental results show that Acanthopanax senticosus extract has a good effect in treating liver injury and enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the body.
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Wang H, Shi B, Zhang X, Shen P, He Q, Yin M, Pan Y, Ma J. Exosomal hsa-piR1089 promotes proliferation and migration in neuroblastoma via targeting KEAP1. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154240. [PMID: 36436316 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a sympathetic nervous system tumor and one of the most common pediatric, extra-cranial, solid tumors, especially in early childhood. Its expression is heterogeneous and shows a unique clinical and prognostic feature. Due to its insidious onset, most diagnoses are accompanied by metastasis, making patient prognoses extremely poor. Novel biomarkers are urgently needed for easy diagnosis, metastasis detection, and investigation of potential mechanisms regulating NB tumor progression. Recent research highlights that circulating tumor markers could be used to diagnose and monitor prognosis in various tumors. Among them, exosomal genetic material has attracted much attention because of its tumor-secreted specificity and unique mechanism of action. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing to study PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in exosomes derived from NB patient plasma. We found higher human piRNA 1089 (hsa-piR-1089) levels in exosomes from NB patients than from normal controls. Our receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that hsa-piR-1089 had high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. We also found that high hsa-piR-1089 expression in NB tumor tissues was associated with a high-risk Children's Oncology Group classification and metastasis. Our in vitro experiments showed that exosomal hsa-piR-1089 promoted NB cell proliferation and migration by inhibiting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) expression. Moreover, low KEAP1 expression was associated with NB progression in clinical samples. In conclusion, our data indicate that blood-borne exosomal hsa-piR-1089 is a diagnostic marker for NB and assessing metastasis. Our study provides a quick, simple, and noninvasive diagnostic method for NB and contributes to developing new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bozhong Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Shen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao He
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minzhi Yin
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Pan
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Jiang H, Mao T, Sun Z, Shi L, Han X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Hu J, Zhang L, Li J, Han H. Yinchen Linggui Zhugan decoction ameliorates high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulation of SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1001778. [PMID: 36578580 PMCID: PMC9791106 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Yinchen Linggui Zhugan decoction (YLZD) is an effective and classical traditional herbal prescription for treating the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and has been proven to be effective in the regulation of lipid metabolism disorder and attenuate inflammation for a NAFLD rat model. However, the exact underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. In the current study, a NAFLD rat model was established using a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks, followed by YLZD treatment with 1.92 g/kg/day for 4 weeks to explore the mechanisms of YLZD. Our results showed that YLZD decreased the hepatic lipid deposition, restored the liver tissue pathological lesions, inhibited the expression of oxidative stress, and decreased the inflammatory cytokines levels. Meanwhile, the genes and proteins expressions of SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway together with downstream factors including HO-1 and NQO1 were elevated in the YLZD treated NAFLD rats. For further elaborating the upstream mechanism, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in serum and feces were measured by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer and gas chromatograph mass spectrometer, and the differences in gut microbiota of rats in each group were analyzed through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA. The results demonstrated that the contents of butyric acid (BA) and total SCFAs in YLZD-treated NAFLD rats were significantly increased in serum and feces. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis illustrated that YLZD intervention led to a modification of the gut microbiota composition, with a decrease of Oribacterium, Lactobacillus and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides, as well as the increase in SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Christensenellaceae, Clostridia, Muribaculaceae, and Prevotellaceae. Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that BA and total SCFAs were negatively co-related with oxidative stress-related factors and inflammatory cytokines, while they were positively co-related with SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway related genes and proteins. Furthermore, in vitro study confirmed that BA effectively reduced oxidative stress by activating SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in L02 cells. Together, the present data revealed YLZD could ameliorate HFD-induced NAFLD in rats by the modulation of SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tangyou Mao
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongmei Sun
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosi Zhang
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juncong Hu
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Junxiang Li, Haixiao Han
| | - Haixiao Han
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Junxiang Li, Haixiao Han
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73
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Cheng S, Chen C, Wang L. Gelsemine Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on Neonatal Mice with Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury by Suppressing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1305-1319. [PMID: 36449197 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Given that the role of Gelsemine in neuroinflammation has been demonstrated, this research aimed to investigate the effect of Gelsemine on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. An in vivo HI brain injury neonatal mouse model and an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model were established and pretreated with Gelsemine. The brain infarct volume, neuronal loss and apoptosis, as well as spatial learning and memory were examined by TTC staining, Nissl's staining, TUNEL staining and Morris water maze test. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect the microglia cells and astrocytes in the mouse brain tissue. The cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined via ELISA. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in OGD-treated cells were detected by colorimetry and DCFH-DA staining. Nrf2, HO-1, and inflammation-related factors were analyzed by immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, or western blot. Gelsemine reduced the infarct volume and neuronal loss and apoptosis, yet improved spatial learning and memory impairment of HI-injured mice. Gelsemine inhibited the elevated MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, LDH and ROS levels, promoted the reduced SOD level and viability, and strengthened the up-regulation of HO-1 and Nrf2 in brain tissues and OGD-treated cells. However, Nrf2 silencing reversed the effects of Gelsemine on the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, inflammation, and oxidative stress in OGD-treated cells. Gelsemine produces neuroprotective effects on neonatal mice with HI brain injury by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liling Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
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74
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Li Y, Yin R, Liang M, Chen C. Nrf2 suppresses erastin-induced ferroptosis through activating system Xc(-) in ovarian cancer. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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75
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Ma F, Luo S, Lu C, Jiang X, Chen K, Deng J, Ma S, Li Z. The role of Nrf2 in periodontal disease by regulating lipid peroxidation, inflammation and apoptosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:963451. [PMID: 36482997 PMCID: PMC9723463 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.963451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) is a transcription factor that mainly regulates oxidative stress in the body. It initiates the expression of several downstream antioxidants, anti-inflammatory proteins and detoxification enzymes through the Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1) -nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) -antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. Its anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects have gradually become the focus of periodontal disease research in recent years. In this paper, the structure and function of Nrf2 pathway and its mechanism of action in the treatment of periodontitis in recent years were analyzed and summarized, so as to further clarify the relationship between Nrf2 pathway and oxidative stress in the occurrence and development of periodontitis, and to provide ideas for the development of new treatment drugs targeting Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Ma
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shangdie Luo
- Department of Orthodontics, Huizhou Stomatological Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunting Lu
- Science and Education Office, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinrong Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kexiao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyuan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zejian Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Chaoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
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76
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Xiao S, Zhou Y, Gao H, Yang D. Dexmedetomidine attenuates airway inflammation and oxidative stress in asthma via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 27:2. [PMID: 36321783 PMCID: PMC9673067 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which oxidative stress serves a pivotal role. In clinical practice, dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α‑2‑adrenergic receptor agonist, is used as a sedative. DEX exhibits antioxidative and organ‑protective properties. In a murine model of asthma, DEX has a therapeutic effect via the toll like receptor 4/NF‑кB signaling pathway; however, whether DEX can exert an antioxidative effect on asthma has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a T helper (Th)2‑dominant murine asthma model was established. DEX treatment significantly reduced eosinophilic airway inflammation, mucus overproduction and airway hyperresponsiveness, as well as the concentrations of Th2 cytokines. The lung tissues of mice with asthma were characterized by redox imbalance (increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant capacity). DEX treatment alleviated this imbalance by decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, and increasing the levels of glutathione. Furthermore, the nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway was inhibited in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice; these effects were noted in its downstream genes, heme oxygenase 1 and glutathione peroxidase 4. In mice with asthma, DEX treatment induced the expression of these antioxidant genes and the activation of Nrf2, whereas ML385 (an inhibitor of Nrf2) partially abrogated the antioxidative and therapeutic effects of DEX. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate the protective effect of DEX on Th2‑dominant asthma through the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. The results suggested that the antioxidative properties of DEX could be beneficial in clinical application of DEX for the relief of asthmatic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Huibin Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Dong Yang, Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan, Beijing 100144, P.R. China, E-mail:
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77
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Atalay Ekiner S, Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. The molecular activity of cannabidiol in the regulation of Nrf2 system interacting with NF-κB pathway under oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102489. [PMID: 36198205 PMCID: PMC9535304 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), the major non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid of Cannabis sativa L., is one of the most studied compounds in pharmacotherapeutic approaches to treat oxidative stress-related diseases such as cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and neoplastic diseases. The literature data to date indicate the possibility of both antioxidant and pro-oxidative effects of CBD. Thus, the mechanism of action of this natural compound in the regulation of nuclear factor 2 associated with erythroid 2 (Nrf2), which plays the role of the main cytoprotective regulator of redox balance and inflammation under oxidative stress conditions, seems to be particularly important. Moreover, Nrf2 is strongly correlated with the cellular neoplastic profile and malignancy, which in turn is critical in determining the cellular response induced by CBD under pathophysiological conditions. This paper summarizes the CBD-mediated pathways of regulation of the Nrf2 system by altering the expression and modification of both proteins directly involved in Nrf2 transcriptional activity and proteins involved in the relationship between Nrf2 and the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) which is another redox-sensitive transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinemyiz Atalay Ekiner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
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Kopacz A, Rojo AI, Patibandla C, Lastra-Martínez D, Piechota-Polanczyk A, Kloska D, Jozkowicz A, Sutherland C, Cuadrado A, Grochot-Przeczek A. Overlooked and valuable facts to know in the NRF2/KEAP1 field. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 192:37-49. [PMID: 36100148 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kopacz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ana I Rojo
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Chinmai Patibandla
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Lastra-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleksandra Piechota-Polanczyk
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Damian Kloska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Calum Sutherland
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, James Arrott Drive, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Anna Grochot-Przeczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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Xia Y, Zhai X, Qiu Y, Lu X, Jiao Y. The Nrf2 in Obesity: A Friend or Foe? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102067. [PMID: 36290791 PMCID: PMC9598341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its complications have become serious global health concerns recently and increasing work has been carried out to explicate the underlying mechanism of the disease development. The recognized correlations suggest oxidative stress and inflammation in expanding adipose tissue with excessive fat accumulation play important roles in the pathogenesis of obesity, as well as its associated metabolic syndromes. In adipose tissue, obesity-mediated insulin resistance strongly correlates with increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been described as a key modulator of antioxidant signaling, which regulates the transcription of various genes coding antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective proteins. Furthermore, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 is a pivotal target of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. However, its effects are controversial and even contradictory. This review aims to clarify the complicated interplay among Nrf2, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, insulin signaling and chronic inflammation in obesity. Elucidating the implications of Nrf2 modulation on obesity would provide novel insights for potential therapeutic approaches in obesity and its comorbidities.
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80
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ROS: Basic Concepts, Sources, Cellular Signaling, and its Implications in Aging Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1225578. [PMID: 36312897 PMCID: PMC9605829 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1225578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are bioproducts of cellular metabolism. There is a range of molecules with oxidizing properties known as ROS. Despite those molecules being implied negatively in aging and numerous diseases, their key role in cellular signaling is evident. ROS control several biological processes such as inflammation, proliferation, and cell death. The redox signaling underlying these cellular events is one characteristic of the new generation of scientists aimed at defining the role of ROS in the cellular environment. The control of redox potential, which includes the balance of the sources of ROS and the antioxidant system, implies an important target for understanding the cells' fate derived from redox signaling. In this review, we summarized the chemical, the redox balance, the signaling, and the implications of ROS in biological aging.
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81
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Wu W, Hendrix A, Nair S, Cui T. Nrf2-Mediated Dichotomy in the Vascular System: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Perspective. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193042. [PMID: 36231004 PMCID: PMC9563590 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, controls the expression of more than 1000 genes that can be clustered into different categories with distinct functions ranging from redox balance and metabolism to protein quality control in the cell. The biological consequence of Nrf2 activation can be either protective or detrimental in a context-dependent manner. In the cardiovascular system, most studies have focused on the protective properties of Nrf2, mainly as a key transcription factor of antioxidant defense. However, emerging evidence revealed an unexpected role of Nrf2 in mediating cardiovascular maladaptive remodeling and dysfunction in certain disease settings. Herein we review the role of Nrf2 in cardiovascular diseases with a focus on vascular disease. We discuss the negative effect of Nrf2 on the vasculature as well as the potential underlying mechanisms. We also discuss the clinical relevance of targeting Nrf2 pathways for the treatment of cardiovascular and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Andrew Hendrix
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Sharad Nair
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
- Columbia VA Health System, Wm. Jennings Bryan Dorn VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
- Columbia VA Health System, Wm. Jennings Bryan Dorn VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-803-216-3804
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Tanase DM, Gosav EM, Anton MI, Floria M, Seritean Isac PN, Hurjui LL, Tarniceriu CC, Costea CF, Ciocoiu M, Rezus C. Oxidative Stress and NRF2/KEAP1/ARE Pathway in Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD): New Perspectives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091227. [PMID: 36139066 PMCID: PMC9496369 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most debilitating chronic diseases worldwide, with increased prevalence and incidence. In addition to its macrovascular damage, through its microvascular complications, such as Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), DM further compounds the quality of life of these patients. Considering DKD is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in developed countries, extensive research is currently investigating the matrix of DKD pathophysiology. Hyperglycemia, inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are the main mechanisms behind this disease. By generating pro-inflammatory factors (e.g., IL-1,6,18, TNF-α, TGF-β, NF-κB, MCP-1, VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and the activation of diverse pathways (e.g., PKC, ROCK, AGE/RAGE, JAK-STAT), they promote a pro-oxidant state with impairment of the antioxidant system (NRF2/KEAP1/ARE pathway) and, finally, alterations in the renal filtration unit. Hitherto, a wide spectrum of pre-clinical and clinical studies shows the beneficial use of NRF2-inducing strategies, such as NRF2 activators (e.g., Bardoxolone methyl, Curcumin, Sulforaphane and their analogues), and other natural compounds with antioxidant properties in DKD treatment. However, limitations regarding the lack of larger clinical trials, solubility or delivery hamper their implementation for clinical use. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss DKD mechanisms, especially oxidative stress (OS) and NRF2/KEAP1/ARE involvement, while highlighting the potential of therapeutic approaches that target DKD via OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maria Tanase
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Evelina Maria Gosav
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Madalina Ioana Anton
- Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- I Rheumatology Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Floria
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Petronela Nicoleta Seritean Isac
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Loredana Liliana Hurjui
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Physiology Discipline, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Hematology Laboratory, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Cristina Tarniceriu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Discipline of Anatomy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Hematology Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Florida Costea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- 2nd Ophthalmology Clinic, “Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu” Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700309 Iași, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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Yao H, He Q, Huang C, Wei S, Gong Y, Li X, Liu W, Xu Z, Wu H, Zheng C, Gao Y. Panaxatriol saponin ameliorates myocardial infarction-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting Keap1/Nrf2 to regulate oxidative stress and inhibit cardiac-fibroblast activation and proliferation. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:264-275. [PMID: 35977659 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common precursor of ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. We investigated the role of oxidative stress in myocardial fibrosis and the protective effect of panaxatriol saponin (PTS) against myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac fibrosis and explored the underlying mechanisms. In vitro, cell viability was tested using a cell counting kit. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2•-) were determined. Antioxidant enzyme levels were determined by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, echocardiography, histological analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and molecular analysis were performed. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation was evaluated by molecular docking and immunoprecipitation. Finally, the mechanism by which PTS inhibits cardiac fibrosis was investigated using the Nrf2 activator ML334 and a small interfering RNA for Nrf2. Ang II-induced differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts was associated with oxidative stress, characterized by upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin, increased reactive oxygen species production, and inhibition of superoxide dismutase-1 and heme oxygenase expression. In addition, PTS improved cardiac function and ameliorated cardiac fibrosis in MI rats. It also reduced Ang II-induced fibroblast differentiation and proliferation, suppressed oxidative stress, and disrupted the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-Nrf2 interaction by directly blocking the Nrf2 binding site in Keap1. Overexpression of Nrf2 by ML334 enhanced the antifibrotic effect of PTS. However, genetic ablation of Nrf2 abrogated the antifibrotic effect of PTS in cardiac fibrosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that Nrf2 has promise as a target and PTS as a therapeutic agent for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingman He
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Shujun Wei
- Sichuan Police College, Chengdu, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gong
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyi Xu
- Chengdu Huasun Technology Group Inc., Ltd, Chengdu, 611731, Sichuan, China; National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Huihui Wu
- Chengdu Huasun Technology Group Inc., Ltd, Chengdu, 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- International Education College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
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84
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Petsouki E, Cabrera SNS, Heiss EH. AMPK and NRF2: Interactive players in the same team for cellular homeostasis? Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:75-93. [PMID: 35918013 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
NRF2 (Nuclear factor E2 p45-related factor 2) is a stress responsive transcription factor lending cells resilience against oxidative, xenobiotic, and also nutrient or proteotoxic insults. AMPK (AMP-activated kinase), considered as prime regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, not only tunes metabolism to provide the cell at any time with sufficient ATP or building blocks, but also controls redox balance and inflammation. Due to observed overlapping cellular responses upon AMPK or NRF2 activation and common stressors impinging on both AMPK and NRF2 signaling, it is plausible to assume that AMPK and NRF2 signaling may interdepend and cooperate to readjust cellular homeostasis. After a short introduction of the two players this narrative review paints the current picture on how AMPK and NRF2 signaling might interact on the molecular level, and highlights their possible crosstalk in selected examples of pathophysiology or bioactivity of drugs and phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Petsouki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shara Natalia Sosa Cabrera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (VDS PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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85
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Schaue D, Micewicz ED, Ratikan JA, Iwamoto KS, Vlashi E, McDonald JT, McBride WH. NRF2 Mediates Cellular Resistance to Transformation, Radiation, and Inflammation in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1649. [PMID: 36139722 PMCID: PMC9495793 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is recognized as a master transcription factor that regulates expression of numerous detoxifying and antioxidant cytoprotective genes. In fact, models of NRF2 deficiency indicate roles not only in redox regulation, but also in metabolism, inflammatory/autoimmune disease, cancer, and radioresistancy. Since ionizing radiation (IR) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), it is not surprising it activates NRF2 pathways. However, unexpectedly, activation is often delayed for many days after the initial ROS burst. Here, we demonstrate that, as assayed by γ-H2AX staining, rapid DNA double strand break (DSB) formation by IR in primary mouse Nrf2-/- MEFs was not affected by loss of NRF2, and neither was DSB repair to any great extent. In spite of this, basal and IR-induced transformation was greatly enhanced, suggesting that NRF2 protects against late IR-induced genomic instability, at least in murine MEFs. Another possible IR- and NRF2-related event that could be altered is inflammation and NRF2 deficiency increased IR-induced NF-κB pro-inflammatory responses mostly late after exposure. The proclivity of NRF2 to restrain inflammation is also reflected in the reprogramming of tumor antigen-specific lymphocyte responses in mice where Nrf2 k.o. switches Th2 responses to Th1 polarity. Delayed NRF2 responses to IR may be critical for the immune transition from prooxidant inflammation to antioxidant healing as well as in driving cellular radioresistance and survival. Targeting NRF2 to reprogram immunity could be of considerable therapeutic benefit in radiation and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörthe Schaue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - Ewa D. Micewicz
- Biotts S.A., Ul. Wrocławska 44C, 55-040 Bielany Wrocławskie, Poland
| | - Josephine A. Ratikan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - Keisuke S. Iwamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - J. Tyson McDonald
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - William H. McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
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86
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Aparici M, Bravo M, Calama E, García-González V, Domènech T, Córdoba M, Roger I, Cortijo J, Góngora-Benítez M, Paradís-Bas M, Collins B, Davis AM, Albericio F, Puig C. Pharmacological characterization of a novel peptide inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115226. [PMID: 36027928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
LAS200813 is a novel bicyclic lipopeptide that activates Nrf2 by binding to Keap1, thereby antagonising the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction. In this work we report the pharmacological characterization of LAS200813 in Nrf2-dependent translational preclinical models. LAS200813 binds to Keap1 with high affinity (IC50: 0.73 nM) and is able to induce the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus. Furthermore, LAS200813 increases the expression of Nrf2 target genes in human bronchial epithelial cells (EC50 of 96 and 70 nM for srxn1 and nqo1, respectively). Similarly, the intratracheal administration of LAS200813 to rats increases the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes in lung tissue, an effect that lasts for a few hours. Moreover, in cells exposed to cigarette smoke, LAS200813 shows an antioxidant effect by increasing the production of glutathione and prevents cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, the results described herein demonstrate that LAS200813 is a potent non-electrophilic Nrf2-activating peptide designed to be administered by inhaled route which may be a potential therapeutic strategy for respiratory diseases driven by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Aparici
- Almirall, R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mònica Bravo
- Almirall, R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Calama
- Almirall, R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Domènech
- Almirall, R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Córdoba
- Almirall, R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Roger
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miriam Góngora-Benítez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Paradís-Bas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barry Collins
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew M Davis
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Puig
- Almirall, R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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87
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Zhai Z, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Li W. Clinical Research Progress of Small Molecule Compounds Targeting Nrf2 for Treating Inflammation-Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1564. [PMID: 36009283 PMCID: PMC9405369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have found that inflammation is a symptom of various diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA); it is also the source of other diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), lupus erythematosus (LE), and liver damage. Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is an important multifunctional transcription factor in cells and plays a central regulatory role in cellular defense mechanisms. In recent years, several studies have found a strong association between the activation of Nrf2 and the fight against inflammation-related diseases. A number of small molecule compounds targeting Nrf2 have entered clinical research. This article reviews the research status of small molecule compounds that are in clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, lupus erythematosus, and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanxin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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88
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Salehabadi A, Farkhondeh T, Harifi-Mood MS, Aschner M, Samarghandian S. Role of Nrf2 in bisphenol effects: a review study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:55457-55472. [PMID: 35680748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenols (BPs), the main endocrine-disrupting chemicals used in polycarbonate plastics, epoxy-phenol resins, and some other manufacturers, have been interestingly focused to find their toxic effects in recent years. Due to the strong relation between bisphenols and some crucial receptors such as ERs, AR, glucocorticoid receptor, THRs, ERRs, hPXR, AhR, and etcetera, the disrupting and oncogenic role of these chemicals on reproductive, respiratory, and circulatory systems and a broad group of body tissues have been investigated. BPs induce oxidant enzymes, exert antioxidant enzymes from body cells, and result in the expression of proinflammatory genes, leading to cell apoptosis and inflammation. To maintain the homeostasis of human body cells, Nrf2, the key regulator of oxidative stress (Ashrafizadeh et al., 2020a; Ashrafizadeh et al., 2020c; Boroumand et al., 2018), confronts BP-induced ROS and RNS through the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD1/2, CAT, GSH, GPX, HO-1, and etcetera. Chemicals and drugs such as LUT, NAC, GEN, L-NMMA, Ph2Se2, and GE can regulate the interactions between BPs and Nrf2. Despite the vital role of controlled levels of Nrf2 as an anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic element, the uncontrolled activity of this transcription factor could lead to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis through NQO1, SLC7a11, Gclm, HMOX1, NQO1 gene activation, and some other genes. To avoid the excessive activity of Nrf2, some protein complexes like CUL3-RBX1-Keap1 (as the primary regulator), β-TrCP, and WDR23 regulate Nrf2's function. It is necessary to note that BPA, as the most famous member, is further reviewed due to its resemblance to the bisphenol family to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Salehabadi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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89
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Alleviating Effects of Black Soybean Peptide on Oxidative Stress Injury Induced by Lead in PC12 Cells via Keap1/Nrf2/TXNIP Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153102. [PMID: 35956280 PMCID: PMC9370349 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many researchers have found that Pb exposure can cause oxidative stress damage to the body’s tissue. Black soybean peptide (BSP) has a variety of physiological functions, especially in terms of oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the mitigation function of BSPs on Pb-induced oxidative stress damage in PC12 cells has not been clearly defined. In this study, cell viability was detected by CCK8. Oxidative stress indicators, such as ROS, GSH/GSSG, MDA, SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR, were tested with biochemical kit. Protein expression of Keap1, Nrf2, and TXNIP was measured by Western blot. Compared with the control group, Pb reduced the cell viability of PC12 cells. However, BSP treatment significantly increased the viability of PC12 cells induced by lead exposure (p < 0.05). Lead can enrich the contents of MDA and ROS, but decrease the amount of CAT, SOD, GR, GPx, and GSH/GSSG in PC12 cells, while BSP can alleviate it (p < 0.05). Lead can enhance the expression of Keap1 and TXNIP proteins, but reduce Nrf2 expression. In contrast, BSPs reversed this phenomenon (p < 0.05). BSPs can alleviate oxidative stress injury induced by lead in PC12 cells through the Keap1/Nrf2/TXNIP signaling pathway.
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90
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Uribe-Carretero E, Martinez-Chacón G, Yakhine-Diop SMS, Duque-González G, Rodríguez-Arribas M, Alegre-Cortés E, Paredes-Barquero M, Canales-Cortés S, Pizarro-Estrella E, Cuadrado A, González-Polo RA, Fuentes JM, Niso-Santano M. Loss of KEAP1 Causes an Accumulation of Nondegradative Organelles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071398. [PMID: 35883891 PMCID: PMC9311848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
KEAP1 is a cytoplasmic protein that functions as an adaptor for the Cullin-3-based ubiquitin E3 ligase system, which regulates the degradation of many proteins, including NFE2L2/NRF2 and p62/SQSTM1. Loss of KEAP1 leads to an accumulation of protein ubiquitin aggregates and defective autophagy. To better understand the role of KEAP1 in the degradation machinery, we investigated whether Keap1 deficiency affects the endosome-lysosomal pathway. We used KEAP1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and combined Western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy with fluorometric and pulse chase assays to analyze the levels of lysosomal-endosomal proteins, lysosomal function, and autophagy activity. We found that the loss of keap1 downregulated the protein levels and activity of the cathepsin D enzyme. Moreover, KEAP1 deficiency caused lysosomal alterations accompanied by an accumulation of autophagosomes. Our study demonstrates that KEAP1 deficiency increases nondegradative lysosomes and identifies a new role for KEAP1 in lysosomal function that may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Uribe-Carretero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Martinez-Chacón
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sokhna M. S. Yakhine-Diop
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
| | - Gema Duque-González
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
| | - Mario Rodríguez-Arribas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
| | - Eva Alegre-Cortés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Marta Paredes-Barquero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Saray Canales-Cortés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Elisa Pizarro-Estrella
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Faculdad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Ana González-Polo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.A.G.-P.); (J.M.F.); (M.N.-S.)
| | - José M. Fuentes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.A.G.-P.); (J.M.F.); (M.N.-S.)
| | - Mireia Niso-Santano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.); (G.M.-C.); (G.D.-G.); (M.R.-A.); (E.A.-C.); (M.P.-B.); (S.C.-C.); (E.P.-E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.S.Y.-D.); (A.C.)
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.A.G.-P.); (J.M.F.); (M.N.-S.)
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91
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Chang LC, Fan CW, Tseng WK, Chen JR, Hua CC. The tumor/normal tissue ratio of Keap1 protein is a predictor for lymphovascular invasion in colorectal cancer: A correlation study between the Nrf2 and KRas pathways. Biomarkers 2022; 27:701-707. [PMID: 35830714 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2102211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE: Oxidative stress has impacts on the KRas and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways, which have multiple interactions with each other and play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigated the expressions of proteins in the KRas and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways and their associations with clinicopathological features in CRC.METHODS: The protein levels of Nrf2, Keap1, Bach1, p62, HO1, KRas, Erk, Raf1 and PI3K in both the tumor and normal tissues of 60 CRC subjects were determined by Western blot and their T/N (tumor/normal tissue) ratios were correlated with clinicopathological features.RESULTS: The T/N ratios of proteins in the KRas and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways had correlation patterns and proximity profiles in cluster dendrograms different in CRC with different status of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) or lymph node/distant metastases. The Keap1 protein T/N ratio was a significant predictor (odd ratio: 2.24; 95% confidence interval: 1.26 - 4.38) of LVI, which in turn predicted metastases (11.0; 3.49 - 39.8).CONCLUSION: The interactions between the KRas and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways may be affected differently by LVI and metastases, and the protein T/N ratio of Keap1 may be helpful for predicting LVI in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Che Chang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung university, Keelung, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Wei Fan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung university Keelung, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ko Tseng
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung university Keelung, Republic of China
| | - Jim-Ray Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung university, Keelung, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Ching Hua
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung university Keelung, Republic of China
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92
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Liu S, Pi J, Zhang Q. Signal amplification in the KEAP1-NRF2-ARE antioxidant response pathway. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102389. [PMID: 35792437 PMCID: PMC9287733 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The KEAP1-NRF2-ARE signaling pathway plays a central role in mediating the adaptive cellular stress response to oxidative and electrophilic chemicals. This canonical pathway has been extensively studied and reviewed in the past two decades, but rarely was it looked at from a quantitative signaling perspective. Signal amplification, i.e., ultrasensitivity, is crucially important for robust induction of antioxidant genes to appropriate levels that can adequately counteract the stresses. In this review article, we examined a number of well-known molecular events in the KEAP1-NRF2-ARE pathway from a quantitative perspective with a focus on how signal amplification can be achieved. We illustrated, by using a series of mathematical models, that redox-regulated protein sequestration, stabilization, translation, nuclear trafficking, DNA promoter binding, and transcriptional induction - which are embedded in the molecular network comprising KEAP1, NRF2, sMaf, p62, and BACH1 - may generate highly ultrasensitive NRF2 activation and antioxidant gene induction. The emergence and degree of ultrasensitivity depend on the strengths of protein-protein and protein-DNA interaction and protein abundances. A unique, quantitative understanding of signal amplification in the KEAP1-NRF2-ARE pathway will help to identify sensitive targets for the prevention and therapeutics of oxidative stress-related diseases and develop quantitative adverse outcome pathway models to facilitate the health risk assessment of oxidative chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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93
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Li X, Zheng L, Zhang B, Deng ZY, Luo T. The Structure Basis of Phytochemicals as Metabolic Signals for Combating Obesity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:913883. [PMID: 35769384 PMCID: PMC9234462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.913883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of phytochemicals, bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables, has been demonstrated to ameliorate obesity and related metabolic symptoms by regulating specific metabolic pathways. This review summarizes the progress made in our understanding of the potential of phytochemicals as metabolic signals: we discuss herein selected molecular mechanisms which are involved in the occurrence of obesity that may be regulated by phytochemicals. The focus of our review highlights the regulation of transcription factors toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and regulation of microRNAs (miRNA). In this review, the effect of phytochemicals on signaling pathways involved in obesity were discussed on the basis of their chemical structure, suggesting molecular mechanisms for how phytochemicals may impact these signaling pathways. For example, compounds with an isothiocyanate group or an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group may interact with the TLR4 signaling pathway. Regarding Nrf2, we examine compounds possessing an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group which binds covalently with the cysteine thiols of Keap1. Additionally, phytochemical activation of PPARs, FTO and miRNAs were summarized. This information may be of value to better understand how specific phytochemicals interact with specific signaling pathways and help guide the development of new drugs to combat obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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94
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Ginkgolide C Alleviates Acute Lung Injury Caused by Paraquat Poisoning via Regulating the Nrf2 and NF- κB Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7832983. [PMID: 35707280 PMCID: PMC9192221 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7832983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), a highly toxic herbicide and primary attack for lung, results in severe acute lung injury (ALI) appeared as evident oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Increasing evidence elucidates that nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its associated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) exhibit many merits for protection of ALI by coordinating a fine-turned response to oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Ginkgolide C (GC) has been reported to be a safe and potent therapeutic agent against ALI. However, whether GC could protect ALI induced by PQ poisoning and the possible underlining mechanisms have remained not to be fully elucidated. A rat model of ALI and a model of acute type II alveolar epithelial cell (RLE-6TN) injury constructed by exposure to PQ were applied to discuss the protective effect of GC. Furthermore, Nrf2 gene silencing RLE-6TN cells were used to discuss the exact mechanism. We confirmed that GC significantly ameliorated the histopathological damages, ultrastructural changes, lung injury score, W/D ratio, and Hyp activity of lung tissue and inhibited polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration after PQ poisoning. Further results revealed that GC remarkably activated Nrf2-based cytoprotective system and inhibited NF-κB-induced inflammatory injury as well as apoptosis. Taken together, we concluded that GC preserved protection of PQ-induced ALI via the Nrf2-NF-κB dependent signal pathway, which may provide us novel insights into the treatment strategies for PQ poisoning.
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95
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Ahn GR, Park HJ, Koh YG, Shin SH, Kim YJ, Song MG, Lee JO, Hong HK, Lee KB, Kim BJ. Low-intensity cold atmospheric plasma reduces wrinkles on photoaged skin through hormetic induction of extracellular matrix protein expression in dermal fibroblasts. Lasers Surg Med 2022; 54:978-993. [PMID: 35662062 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence indicates that cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) can upregulate the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in dermal fibroblasts and enhance transdermal drug delivery when applied at a low intensity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-intensity CAP (LICAP) on photoaging-induced wrinkles in an animal model and the expression profiles of ECM proteins in human dermal fibroblasts. METHODS Each group was subjected to photoaging induction and allocated to therapy (LICAP, topical polylactic acid (PLA), or both). The wrinkles were evaluated via visual inspection, quantitative analysis, and histology. The expression of collagen I/III and fibronectin was assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. The amount of aqueous reactive species produced by LICAP using helium and argon gas was also measured. RESULTS Wrinkles significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared to those in the untreated control. The differences remained significant for at least 4 weeks. Dermal collagen density increased following LICAP and PLA application. LICAP demonstrated a hormetic effect on ECM protein expression in human dermal fibroblasts. The production of reactive species increased, showing a biphasic pattern, with an initial linear phase and a slow saturation phase. The initial linearity was sustained for a longer time in the helium plasma (~60 s) than in the argon plasma (~15 s). CONCLUSION LICAP appears to be a novel treatment option for wrinkles on the photodamaged skin. This treatment effect seems to be related to its hormetic effect on dermal ECM production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Ram Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Park
- Department of Interdisciplinary Bio/Micro System Technology, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Gue Koh
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hye Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Gyo Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ok Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuck Ki Hong
- Human IT Convergence System R&D Division, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Kyu Back Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Bio/Micro System Technology, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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96
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Liu XF, Wang Q, Zheng JF, Chai ZH, Dai F, Jin XJ, Zhou B. Developing dietary curcumin mono-carbonyl piperidinone analogs as Nrf2-dependent cytoprotectors against oxidative damage: Structure-activity relationship and mechanisms. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 186:66-75. [PMID: 35550920 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Developing nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent cytoprotectors against oxidative damage is of concern because they can effectively reduce the risk of oxidative stress-related diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. This work was aimed to develop more active Nrf2-dependent cytoprotectors than curcumin, a well-known dietary Nrf2 activator and cancer chemopreventive agent. Herein we designed a panel of curcumin-inspired mono-carbonyl piperidinone analogs differentiated by placing distinct electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups on its two aromatic rings in the ortho, meta, or para position to the linker of α, β-unsaturated piperidinone. Among these, the ortho-fluorine-substituted CN-2F surfaced as a promising lead molecule, which was significantly superior to the parent curcumin in protecting HepG2 cells from oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Mechanically, by virtue of its Michael receptor units and ortho-substituted mode, CN-2F activated Nrf2 signaling by covalently modifying Cys-151 and Cys-288 residues at Keap1, promoting phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p38, as well as inhibiting Nrf2 degradation. This work reveals the structural determinants and the activity mechanisms of CN-2F as an Nrf2-dependent cytoprotector, and gives useful information on how to design curcumin-inspired Nrf2 activators and cytoprotectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi East Road, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jia-Fang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zuo-Hu Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Fang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Xiao-Jie Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi East Road, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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97
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Kopacz A, Kloska D, Klimczyk D, Kopec M, Jozkowicz A, Piechota-Polanczyk A. Nrf2 Transcriptional Activity Governs Intestine Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116175. [PMID: 35682851 PMCID: PMC9181470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our recent findings indicate that Nrf2 transcriptional activity is essential in maintaining the proper large intestinal structure in adult mice. Here, we aimed to verify whether Nrf2-related intestine abnormalities stemmed from the early weaning or gestational periods. Therefore, we analyzed 4-day-old pups and embryos devoid of Nrf2 transcriptional activity (tKO) and their wild-type counterparts. We found significant changes in the intestinal structure of 4-day-old Nrf2 tKO pups including a longer colon, altered crypt distribution, and enlargement of the goblet cells with a markedly higher level of mucin 2. Tracing back the origin of these alterations, we observed that they appeared as early as day 14.5 of embryonic development, independently of sex. Importantly, in this period, we observed a significant increase in the Nrf2 level and a distinctive, untimely pattern of expression of the proliferation factor Ki67. At the latest stage of embryonic development, we detected a premature drop in the differentiation factor Notch1. We suspect that intestine abnormalities in mice lacking Nrf2 transcriptional activity stem from sex-independent disturbed intestinal cell proliferation and could be further exacerbated by altered differentiation. Summing up, we identified Nrf2 transcriptional activity as an important regulator of intestinal formation. It influences the hindgut cell proliferation and differentiation at different stages of embryonic development.
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98
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Pretreatment with Panaxatriol Saponin Attenuates Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress to Facilitate Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the Regulation of Keap1/Nrf2 Activity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9626703. [PMID: 35669855 PMCID: PMC9166985 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9626703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a type of severe injury to the ischemic myocardium that can occur following recovery of blood flow, and for which, there is no effective treatment. Panaxatriol saponin (PTS), a major active component of P. notoginseng, has been used clinically to treat ischemia-related encephalopathy due to its antioxidant activity, but its effect on ischemic cardiomyopathy and underlying mechanism of action is still unclear. This study was performed to investigate the protective effect of PTS against MIRI and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to stimulate cardiomyocytes, to mimic MIRI in vitro. Cell viability was tested using the CCK-8 method. The antioxidant activity of PTS in the H9c2 rat cardiomyocyte cell line was examined using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). The levels of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), SOD2, and heme oxygenase (HO-1) were determined by Western blotting and/or immunofluorescence. The antiapoptotic effect of PTS was determined. In addition, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) changes were assessed. Changes in Keap1/Nrf2 activation were evaluated by Western blotting analysis, molecular docking, and immunoprecipitation. An in vivo MIRI model was established in rats, and the myocardial infarct size was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Myocardial enzyme activities were determined by ELISA or biochemical analyses. Furthermore, changes in Nrf2 activation were evaluated, and the regulatory effect of PTS on cardiomyocyte apoptosis was examined using the Nrf2 blocker, ML385. The results showed that PTS ameliorated the cardiomyocyte injury induced by H2O2, characterized by increased cell viability, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and promotion of SOD1, SOD2, and HO1 expression. PTS inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. PTS also reduced mPTP opening and stabilized ΔΨm in H9c2 cells. Molecular docking and immunoprecipitation study revealed that PTS can disrupt Keap1/Nrf2 interaction by directly blocking the binding site of Nrf2 in the Keap1 protein. In vivo, PTS decreased the area of myocardial infarction and attenuated pathological damage in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) rats. In addition, the activities of myocardial injury markers were decreased by PTS. Finally, PTS regulated nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and ML385 blocked the therapeutic effect of PTS in vivo and in vitro. These results suggested that PTS has therapeutic potential for MIRI by targeting Keap1/Nrf2 activity.
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99
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Hu X, Li C, Wang Q, Wei Z, Chen T, Wang Y, Li Y. Dimethyl Fumarate Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity By Activating the Nrf2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:872057. [PMID: 35559248 PMCID: PMC9089305 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.872057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is limited in clinical application because of its cardiotoxicity. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are crucial in DOX-induced cardiac injury. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an FDA-approved oral drug with powerful effects to reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis through the Nrf2 pathway. This study was aimed to determine whether DMF can protect against DOX-induced cardiac injury. We used both neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) in vitro and DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in vivo to explore the effects of DMF. The results showed that DMF significantly improved cell viability and morphology in NRCMs. In addition, DMF alleviated DOX-induced cardiac injury in rats, as evidenced by decreased CK-MB, LDH levels, improved survival rates, cardiac function, and pathological changes. Moreover, DMF significantly inhibited cardiac oxidative stress by reducing MDA levels and increasing GSH, SOD, and GSH-px levels. And DMF also inhibited DOX-induced cardiac apoptosis by modulating Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Moreover, DMF exerted its protective effects against DOX by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation, which activated its downstream antioxidant gene Hmox1. Silencing of Nrf2 attenuated the protective effects of DMF in NRCMs as manifested by increased intracellular oxidative stress, elevated apoptosis levels, and decreased cell viability. In addition, DMF showed no protective effects on the viability of DOX-treated tumor cells, which suggested that DMF does not interfere with the antitumor effect of DOX in vitro. In conclusion, our data confirmed that DMF alleviated DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating oxidative stress and apoptosis through the Nrf2 pathway. DMF may serve as a new candidate to alleviate DOX-related cardiotoxicity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixing Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Taizhong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuepeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yigang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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100
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Bonura A, Giacomarra M, Montana G. The Keap1 signaling in the regulation of HSP90 pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:197-204. [PMID: 35362892 PMCID: PMC9106781 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The Keap1 protein is the master modulator of Nrf2 pathway; moreover, it is the hub of such important processes as cancer, cell stress, inflammation, and chemio- and radio-resistance. That is why Keap1 has become an intriguing pharmacological target. Many recent data show that Keap1 interacts with HSP90 protein. In this study, we use ferulic acid (FA) as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, able to relieve inflammatory response. It is known that treatment with 100 μg of FA can significantly decrease the oxidative stress, so it turns to be useful to study the antioxidant regulation. The RAW 264.7 cells transfected with si-Keap1 and LPS treated are the in vitro model used to study the effects of Keap1 silencing on HSP90 activities and the FA antioxidant modulation. Immunoblot data and qPCR analysis show that Keap1 is involved in HSP90 modulation and on anti-oxidative response. Keap1 silencing affects negatively COX2 activation; in fact western blot and qPCR analysis conducted on RAW 264.7 cells Keap1silenced highlight that LPS treatment does not induce COX2 activation. In addition, the FA anti-oxidative and modulatory effect is abolished in COX2 pathway. The same results are point out using human A549 cell line with an allelic mutation on Keap1 gene, and the protein results are partially inactive. This preliminary study points out that Keap1protein is involved in HSP90 and anti-oxidative pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bonura
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca e Innovazione Biomedica, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Miriam Giacomarra
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca e Innovazione Biomedica, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Montana
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca e Innovazione Biomedica, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy.
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale, 00133, Roma, Italy.
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