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Tomasiuk R, Zubrzycki IZ, Wiacek M. Age-dependent changes in fat- and water-soluble vitamins—National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:907067. [PMID: 36388949 PMCID: PMC9641218 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.907067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an independent risk factor for the development of various diseases associated, among others, with detrimental blood levels of fat- and water-soluble vitamins. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate age-related changes in blood levels of vitamin A, B12, C, D, and E. Subject serum vitamin levels were obtained from the combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). NHANESIII and NHANES 1999–2000, 2001–2002, 2003–2004, and 2005–2006. The raw data set was stratified into five age groups G1- G5: 20 ≤ G1 < 30, 30 ≤ G2 < 40, 40 ≤ G3 < 50, 50 ≤ G4 < 60, and 60 ≤ G5 < 70 years of age. Age stratified data was cleaned using the modified Horn algorithm. The reference range for the vitamin level of a specific age group was defined as data between the first and third quartile of the subject defined by normal blood pressure and normal bone density. Age-dependent changes in serum/plasma vitamin levels were assessed using the bootstrap technique with 10,000 repeats and Bonferroni adjustment. There was a continuous increase in vitamin A, B12, D, and E levels in the blood. However, the vitamin C concentration remained virtually constant in all age groups. There was a lack of cross-correlations between lipid and water-soluble vitamin levels and blood pressure and bone health. The following reference levels for vitamin A, B12, C, D, and E in subjects older than 20 years of age were established: vitamin A: 1.32–2.8 mmol/L, vitamin B12: 257.94–498.33 pmol/L, vitamin C: 38.18–79.2 mmol/L, vitamin D: 76.33–199.36 nmol/L and vitamin E: 3.65–41.12 μmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Tomasiuk
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pułaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
| | - Igor Z. Zubrzycki
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pułaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
- Department of Biometry and Mathematics, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Magdalena Wiacek
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pułaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
- *Correspondence: Magdalena Wiacek,
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Plum LA, Blaser W, Peter L, Prahl J, Seeman J, DeLuca HF. Antibody production in mice requires neither vitamin D, nor the vitamin D receptor. Front Immunol 2022; 13:960405. [PMID: 36341456 PMCID: PMC9631817 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.960405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor as well as its ligand have been localized to various immune tissues and cells. These observations have led researchers to hypothesize a role for vitamin D in the immune system. However, a specific role for vitamin D in immunity has yet to be clearly delineated. The work in this report was undertaken to determine if mounting an antibody response is altered in the face of vitamin D-deficiency or when the signaling pathway is eliminated by removal of the nuclear receptor. This investigation provides direct evidence vitamin D is not necessary for producing antibodies, a process paramount for optimal attack against many foreign organisms. The idea that vitamin D plays a significant role in immunity has been proposed repeatedly for many years. To address this important idea we have carried out studies in mice to determine if vitamin D plays a significant role in antibody production. Two animal models were utilized: mice depleted of vitamin D and mice devoid of the vitamin D receptor. Further, a possible role of hypocalcemia resulting from vitamin D deficiency in antibody production was determined. Neither the absence of vitamin D or the vitamin D receptor nor hypocalcemia affected the ability of mice to mount an antibody response to an antigen challenge. Thus, we found no evidence that vitamin D or normal serum calcium is required for this major form of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori A. Plum
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - William Blaser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Logan Peter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jean Prahl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jeremy Seeman
- Organic Lab, DiaSorin Inc., Stillwater, MN, United States
| | - Hector F. DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Hector F. DeLuca,
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53
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Thams L, Hvid LG, Stounbjerg NG, Brønd JC, Mølgaard C, Damsgaard CT, Hansen M. Vitamin D supplementation and increased dairy protein intake do not affect muscle strength or physical function in healthy 6-8-year-old children: the D-pro randomized trial. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3613-3623. [PMID: 35643873 PMCID: PMC9146815 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate separate and combined effects of vitamin D supplementation during the extended winter and increased dairy protein intake on muscle strength and physical function in children, and furthermore to explore potential sex differences. METHODS In a 2 × 2-factorial, randomized winter trial, 183 healthy, 6-8-year-old children received blinded tablets with 20 µg/day vitamin D3 or placebo, and substituted 260 g/day dairy with yogurts with high (HP, 10 g protein/100 g) or normal protein content (NP, 3.5 g protein/100 g) for 24 weeks during winter at 55° N. We measured maximal isometric handgrip and leg press strength, and physical function by jump tests and a 30 s sit-to-stand test. Physical activity was measured by 7-day accelerometry. RESULTS Baseline (mean ± SD) serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 80.8 ± 17.2 nmol/L, which increased to 88.7 ± 17.6 nmol/L with vitamin D supplementation and decreased to 48.4 ± 19.2 nmol/L with placebo. Baseline protein intake was 15.5 ± 2.4 E%, which increased to 18.4 ± 3.4 E% with HP and was unchanged with NP. We found no separate or combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and/or increased dairy protein intake on muscle strength or physical function (all P > 0.20). There was an interaction on the sit-to-stand test (Pvitamin×yogurt = 0.02), which however disappeared after adjusting for physical activity (P = 0.16). Further, vitamin D supplementation increased leg press strength relatively more in girls compared to boys (mean [95% CI] 158 [17, 299] N; Pvitamin×sex = 0.047). CONCLUSION Overall, vitamin D and dairy protein supplementation during the extended winter did not affect muscle strength or physical function in healthy children. Potential sex differences of vitamin D supplementation should be investigated further. REGISTERED AT CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT0395673.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Thams
- Section of Sports Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Lars G Hvid
- Section of Sports Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish MS Hospitals, Ry and Haslev, Haslev, Denmark
| | - Nanna G Stounbjerg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan C Brønd
- Center for Research in Childhood Health, Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christian Mølgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla T Damsgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Hansen
- Section of Sports Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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54
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Aita R, Aldea D, Hassan S, Hur J, Pellon-Cardenas O, Cohen E, Chen L, Shroyer N, Christakos S, Verzi MP, Fleet JC. Genomic analysis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 action in mouse intestine reveals compartment and segment-specific gene regulatory effects. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102213. [PMID: 35779631 PMCID: PMC9358460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (VD) regulates intestinal calcium absorption in the small intestine (SI) and also reduces risk of colonic inflammation and cancer. However, the intestine compartment-specific target genes of VD signaling are unknown. Here, we examined VD action across three functional compartments of the intestine using RNA-seq to measure VD-induced changes in gene expression and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation with next generation sequencing to measure vitamin D receptor (VDR) genomic binding. We found that VD regulated the expression of 55 shared transcripts in the SI crypt, SI villi, and in the colon, including Cyp24a1, S100g, Trpv6, and Slc30a10. Other VD-regulated transcripts were unique to the SI crypt (162 up, 210 down), villi (199 up, 63 down), or colon (102 up, 28 down), but this did not correlate with mRNA levels of the VDR. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis identified unique VD-regulated biological functions in each compartment. VDR-binding sites were found in 70% of upregulated genes from the colon and SI villi but were less common in upregulated genes from the SI crypt and among downregulated genes, suggesting some transcript-level VD effects are likely indirect. Consistent with this, we show that VD regulated the expression of other transcription factors and their downstream targets. Finally, we demonstrate that compartment-specific VD-mediated gene expression was associated with compartment-specific VDR-binding sites (<30% of targets) and enrichment of intestinal transcription factor-binding motifs within VDR-binding peaks. Taken together, our data reveal unique spatial patterns of VD action in the intestine and suggest novel mechanisms that could account for compartment-specific functions of this hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Aita
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dennis Aldea
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sohaib Hassan
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joseph Hur
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Oscar Pellon-Cardenas
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Evan Cohen
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Noah Shroyer
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sylvia Christakos
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
| | - Michael P Verzi
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, EOHSI, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA.
| | - James C Fleet
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA.
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Belorusova AY, Rovito D, Chebaro Y, Doms S, Verlinden L, Verstuyf A, Metzger D, Rochel N, Laverny G. Vitamin D Analogs Bearing C-20 Modifications Stabilize the Agonistic Conformation of Non-Responsive Vitamin D Receptor Variants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158445. [PMID: 35955580 PMCID: PMC9369186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a key role in calcium homeostasis, as well as in cell proliferation and differentiation. Among the large number of VDR ligands that have been developed, we have previously shown that BXL-62 and Gemini-72, two C-20-modified vitamin D analogs are highly potent VDR agonists. In this study, we show that both VDR ligands restore the transcriptional activities of VDR variants unresponsive to the natural ligand and identified in patients with rickets. The elucidated mechanisms of action underlying the activities of these C-20-modified analogs emphasize the mutual adaptation of the ligand and the VDR ligand-binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Y. Belorusova
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), F-67400 Illkirch, France; (A.Y.B.); (D.R.); (Y.C.); (D.M.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Daniela Rovito
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), F-67400 Illkirch, France; (A.Y.B.); (D.R.); (Y.C.); (D.M.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- OSCAR, French Network for Rare Bone Diseases, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Yassmine Chebaro
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), F-67400 Illkirch, France; (A.Y.B.); (D.R.); (Y.C.); (D.M.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Stefanie Doms
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.D.); (L.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Lieve Verlinden
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.D.); (L.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Annemieke Verstuyf
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.D.); (L.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Daniel Metzger
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), F-67400 Illkirch, France; (A.Y.B.); (D.R.); (Y.C.); (D.M.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- OSCAR, French Network for Rare Bone Diseases, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Natacha Rochel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), F-67400 Illkirch, France; (A.Y.B.); (D.R.); (Y.C.); (D.M.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Correspondence: (N.R.); (G.L.)
| | - Gilles Laverny
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), F-67400 Illkirch, France; (A.Y.B.); (D.R.); (Y.C.); (D.M.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7104, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- OSCAR, French Network for Rare Bone Diseases, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Correspondence: (N.R.); (G.L.)
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Matta Reddy A, Iqbal M, Chopra H, Urmi S, Junapudi S, Bibi S, Kumar Gupta S, Nirmala Pangi V, Singh I, Abdel-Daim MM. Pivotal role of vitamin D in mitochondrial health, cardiac function, and human reproduction. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:967-990. [PMID: 36110560 PMCID: PMC9441677 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D, a secosteroid hormone, appears to have significant beneficial effects on various physiological systems, including the musculoskeletal system. Vitamin D assists in the regulation of numerous critical biological functions and physiological processes in humans, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial respiration, and is also linked to cardiac diseases. It is also reported that vitamin D plays a central role in molecular and cellular mechanisms, which reduce oxidative stress, and tissue damage and regulate cellular health. On the other side, hypovitaminosis D reduces mitochondrial activity and increases oxidative stress and inflammation in the body. Hypervitaminosis D increases the prevalence and severity of cellular damage. It has also been reported that vitamin D is involved in many functions of the reproductive system in human and critically play an important role in the reproductive tissues of women and men. Its role is very well defined, starting from female menarche to menopause, pregnancy, and lactation, and finally in male fertility. Hence, the appropriate amount of vitamin D is necessary to maintain the normal function of cell organelles. Based on recent studies, it is understood that vitamin D is involved in the biological activities of mitochondria in cells, especially in cardiomyocytes. In this review, we emphasized the role of vitamin D in mitochondrial respiration, which could significantly influence heart health and human reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alavala Matta Reddy
- Department of Zoology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajahmundry 533296, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mumtaz Iqbal
- College of Arts and Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620, USA
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab140401, India
| | - Shaheda Urmi
- Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33612, USA
| | - Sunil Junapudi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Geethanjali College of Pharmacy, Cherryal, Keesara, Medchalmalkajgiri District, Telangana, 501301, India
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan,Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Shabana Bibi, Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China, E-mail:
| | | | - Viajaya Nirmala Pangi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajahamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab140401, India
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231 Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia,Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Pourtavakoli A, Ghafouri-Fard S. Calcium signaling in neurodevelopment and pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10811-10823. [PMID: 35857176 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) covers a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with complex genetic background. Several genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, copy number variations and single nucleotide polymorphisms have been reported that cause ASD or modify its phenotype. Among signaling pathways that influence pathogenesis of ASD, calcium signaling has a prominent effect. METHODS We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases with key words "Calcium signaling" and "Autism spectrum disorder". CONCLUSION This type of signaling has essential roles in the cell physiology. Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are the key organelles involved in this signaling. It is vastly accepted that organellar disorders intensely influence the central nervous system (CNS). Several lines of evidence indicate alterations in the function of calcium channels in polygenic disorders affecting CNS. In the current review, we describe the role of calcium signaling in normal function of CNS and pathophysiology of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Pourtavakoli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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58
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Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Calcium, Phosphorus and Vitamin D 3 on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Growing Blue Foxes. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141814. [PMID: 35883361 PMCID: PMC9311545 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the randomized design, a 3 × 3 factorial experiment was designed to examine the effects of dietary calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and vitamin D3 (VD3) supplemental levels with a fixed 1.5/1 ratio of Ca to P on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum biochemical indices blue foxes’ growth. In total, 135 male blue foxes with the age of 60 days were randomly divided into 9 groups each with 15 blue foxes. The blue foxes belonging to the nine treatment groups were fed Ca supplementation (0%, 0.4%, or 0.8%) and VD3 supplementation (1000, 2000, or 4000 IU/kg DM). The base diet contained 0.8% Ca and 327 IU/kg VD3. The dosage of VD3 in blue foxes showed a significant impact on their growth performance (p < 0.05). The Ca dosage had a linear effect on the digestibility of the CP and carbohydrates (CHO) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicated that the Ca and VD3 doses showed promising effects on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in growing blue foxes and could reduce fecal N and P via improvement in protein and P utilization.
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59
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Rochel N. Vitamin D and Its Receptor from a Structural Perspective. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142847. [PMID: 35889804 PMCID: PMC9325172 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The activities of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 1,25D3, are mediated via its binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor that belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Numerous studies have demonstrated the important role of 1,25D3 and VDR signaling in various biological processes and associated pathologies. A wealth of information about ligand recognition and mechanism of action by structural analysis of the VDR complexes is also available. The methods used in these structural studies were mainly X-ray crystallography complemented by NMR, cryo-electron microscopy and structural mass spectrometry. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of VDR structures and also to explore the recent progress in understanding the complex mechanism of action of 1,25D3 from a structural perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Rochel
- Integrated Structural Biology Department, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France;
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
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Habibi Ghahfarrokhi S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Sherwin CMT, Heidari-Soureshjani S. Relationship between serum vitamin D and hip fracture in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 40:541-553. [PMID: 35639176 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels and the occurrence of hip fractures in the elderly using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to identify studies that outlined an association between serum 25OHD and the occurrence of a hip fracture in a geriatric patient. The analysis calculated odds ratios (OR) for a hip fracture using a random-effects model. RESULTS In this study, 28 studies were included, 61,744 elderlies and 9767 cases (15.81%) of hip fractures. In the lowest vs. highest categories of vitamin D in the elderly, pooled OR of hip fractures was 1.80 (95% CI 1.56-2.07, P ≤ 0.001), and modified OR was equal to 1.40 (95% CI 1.20-1.63 P ≤ 0.001). A subgroup analysis showed that the OR of a hip fracture was 2.16 (1.49-3.11, P ≤ 0.001) in case-control studies; 1.52 (1.29-1.79, P = 0.001) in cohort studies; and 1.41 (1.18-1.70, P ≤ 0.001) in case-cohort studies. CONCLUSION Low serum vitamin D levels in the elderly are associated with an increase in the odds of hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Habibi Ghahfarrokhi
- Department of Social Medicine, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran
- Deputy of Research and Technology Kashani Boulevard, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani
- Deputy of Research and Technology Kashani Boulevard, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Catherine M T Sherwin
- Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, OH, USA
- Dayton Children's Hospital, 1 Childrens Plz, Dayton, OH, 45404-1873, USA
| | - Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani
- Deputy of Research and Technology Kashani Boulevard, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Circuit of Research and Technology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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61
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Young K, Beggs MR, Grimbly C, Alexander RT. Regulation of 1 and 24 hydroxylation of vitamin D metabolites in the proximal tubule. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1103-1111. [PMID: 35482362 PMCID: PMC9335508 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221091982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium and phosphate are critical for numerous physiological processes. Consequently, the plasma concentration of these ions are tightly regulated. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a positive modulator of mineralization as well as calcium and phosphate metabolism. The molecular and physiological effects of calcitriol are well documented. Calcitriol increases blood calcium and phosphate levels by increasing absorption from the intestine, and resorption of bone. Calcitriol synthesis is a multistep process. A precursor is first made via skin exposure to UV, it is then 25-hydroxylated in the liver to form 25-hydroxyitamin D. The next hydroxylation step occurs in the renal proximal tubule via the 1-αhydroxylase enzyme (encoded by CYP27B1) thereby generating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, that is, calcitriol. At the same site, the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxlase enzyme encoded by CYP24A1 can hydroxylate 25-hydroxyvitamin D or calcitriol to deactivate the hormone. Plasma calcitriol levels are primarily determined by the regulated expression of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1. This occurs in response to parathyroid hormone (increases CYP27B1), calcitriol itself (decreases CYP27B1 and increases CYP24A1), calcitonin (increases or decreases CYP24A1 and increases CYP27B1), FGF23 (decreases CYP27B1 and increases CYP24A1) and potentially plasma calcium and phosphate levels themselves (mixed effects). Herein, we review the regulation of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 transcription in response to the action of classic phophocalciotropic hormones and explore the possibility of direct regulation by plasma calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennedi Young
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada,Women and Children’s Health Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Megan R Beggs
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada,Women and Children’s Health Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Chelsey Grimbly
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - R Todd Alexander
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada,Women and Children’s Health Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada,Department of Paediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada,R Todd Alexander.
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Liu B, Li P, He S, Xing S, Chen C, Liu L, Li ZH. Chronic exposure to tralopyril induced abnormal growth and calcium regulation of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134405. [PMID: 35364078 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tralopyril is an emerging marine antifouling agent with limited data on its effects on fish growth and calcium regulation. To determine the changes induced by long-term exposure to tralopyril, multi-levels (such as molecular, biochemical, and individual levels) responses were measured in turbot at different concentrations (1 μg/L, 20 μg/L). The results showed that 1 μg/L mainly affected the immune response, while 20 μg/L affected the synthesis and metabolism of steroids and fat. However, different concentrations of tralopyril affected the synthesis, secretion and action of parathyroid hormone and growth hormone. The expression of GH/IGF axis gene and the level of growth hormone increased significantly, leading to abnormal growth. The energy tradeoff between immunity and growth at 1 μg/L tralopyril pressure may inhibit growth. The change of Ca2+ level was accompanied by the disturbance of PTH-related gene expression. The results of molecular docking showed that the disturbance of Ca2+ regulation might be attributed to the inhibition of vitamin D receptor by tralopyril, which affected the vitamin D signaling pathway. This study provides scientific data for the in-depth understanding and risk assessment of the toxicological effects of tralopyril and reveals the potential threat of tralopyril to environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Shuwen He
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Shaoying Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Chengzhuang Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
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Feng Q, Xia W, Dai G, Lv J, Yang J, Liu D, Zhang G. The Aging Features of Thyrotoxicosis Mice: Malnutrition, Immunosenescence and Lipotoxicity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864929. [PMID: 35720307 PMCID: PMC9201349 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of aging is mainly the increase of age-related diseases, and elderly patients have longer hospitalization and worse prognosis. Poorer nutritional status and immunosenescence may be predisposing and severe factors. The mechanism of the high incidence of diseases and poor prognosis behind aging is complex. Finding suitable aging models is of great significance to find strategies to prevent aging related events. In this study, the relationship between thyrotoxicosis and aging was investigated in mice. The results of routine blood tests and flow cytometry showed that immunosenescence occurred in thyrotoxicosis mice, which was characterized by a significant decrease in neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+IFN-γ+ lymphocytes. Biochemical examination results showed that there were hypocholesterolemia, hypolipoproteinemia, and hyperlipidemia in thyrotoxicosis mice. Serum proteomics analysis showed that the downregulation of complement and coagulation proteins was another manifestation of declined immunity. Moreover, proteomics analysis showed that many downregulated proteins were related to homeostasis, mainly transport proteins. Their downregulation led to the disturbance of osmotic pressure, ion homeostasis, vitamin utilization, lipid transport, hyaluronic acid processing, and pH maintenance. Serum metabolomics analysis provided more detailed evidence of homeostasis disturbance, especially lipid metabolism disorder, including the downregulation of cholesterol, vitamin D, bile acids, docosanoids, and the upregulation of glucocorticoids, triglycerides, sphingolipids, and free fatty acids. The upregulated lipid metabolites were related to lipotoxicity, which might be one cause of immunosenescence and many aging related syndromes. This study provides evidence for the aging model of thyrotoxicosis mice, which can be used for exploring anti-aging drugs and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Feng
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Wenkai Xia
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Guoxin Dai
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Jingang Lv
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Deshan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
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Kasarla SS, Garikapati V, Kumar Y, Dodoala S. Interplay of Vitamin D and CYP3A4 Polymorphisms in Endocrine Disorders and Cancer. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:392-407. [PMID: 35654576 PMCID: PMC9262690 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has received considerable optimistic attention as a potentially important factor in many pathological states over the past few decades. However, the proportion of the active form of vitamin D metabolites responsible for biological activity is highly questionable in disease states due to flexible alterations in the enzymes responsible for their metabolism. For instance, CYP3A4 plays a crucial role in the biotransformation of vitamin D and other drug substances. Food-drug and/or drug-drug interactions, the disease state, genetic polymorphism, age, sex, diet, and environmental factors all influence CYP3A4 activity. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP450-encoding genes have received considerable attention in the past few decades due to their extensive impact on the pharmacokinetic and dynamic properties of drugs and endogenous substances. In this review, we focused on CYP3A4 polymorphisms and their interplay with vitamin D metabolism and summarized the role of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis, bone diseases, diabetes, cancer, other diseases, and drug substances. We also reviewed clinical observations pertaining to CYP3A4 polymorphisms among the aforementioned disease conditions. In addition, we highlighted the future perspectives of studying the pharmacogenetics of CYP3A4, which may have potential clinical significance for developing novel diagnostic genetic markers that will ascertain disease risk and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Swapna Kasarla
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Vannuruswamy Garikapati
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yashwant Kumar
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sujatha Dodoala
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women’s University), Tirupati, India
- Corresponding author: Sujatha Dodoala Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women’s Univeristy), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502, India Tel: +91-0877-2284531, Fax: +91-0877-2284531, E-mail:
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Silveira EA, Moura LDANE, Castro MCR, Kac G, Noll PRES, de Oliveira C, Noll M. Prevalence of vitamin D and calcium deficiencies and their health impacts on women of childbearing age: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049731. [PMID: 35523481 PMCID: PMC9083400 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION No systematic reviews has synthesised data on the available evidence to determine the prevalence of calcium and vitamin D deficiencies as a public health problem globally. Therefore, this study presents a protocol for conducting a review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of calcium and vitamin D serum deficiencies in women of childbearing age and stratify these data by age group, urban and rural area, world region and pregnant/non-pregnant women whenever possible. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The systematic review protocol involves conducting a literature search in the following databases: PubMed, LILACS, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. The selected articles will be checked thoroughly, including the references to include grey literature. Cross-sectional studies and baseline data from cohort studies or clinical and community trials conducted with women of childbearing age with representative probabilistic sampling will be included. Two independent researchers will be responsible for article selection and data extraction, and discrepancies, if any, will be dealt with by a third reviewer. Methodological quality and risk of bias will be analysed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations and Joanna Briggs Institute's checklist, respectively. The heterogeneity of the estimates between studies will also be evaluated. Dissemination of the key findings from the systematic review will help identify priorities for action, establish dietary guidelines, develop health-related public policies and reduce and combat micronutrient deficiencies among women of childbearing age and their children. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Formal ethical approval is not required, and findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020207850.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Health Science Graduate Program, Medicine Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Gilberto Kac
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rayanne E Silva Noll
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Ceres, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matias Noll
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Insituto Federal Goiano, Ceres, Goiás, Brazil
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Bacchetta J, Edouard T, Laverny G, Bernardor J, Bertholet-Thomas A, Castanet M, Garnier C, Gennero I, Harambat J, Lapillonne A, Molin A, Naud C, Salles JP, Laborie S, Tounian P, Linglart A. Vitamin D and calcium intakes in general pediatric populations: A French expert consensus paper. Arch Pediatr 2022; 29:312-325. [PMID: 35305879 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nutritional vitamin D supplements are often used in general pediatrics. Here, the aim is to address vitamin D supplementation and calcium nutritional intakes in newborns, infants, children, and adolescents to prevent vitamin D deficiency and rickets in general populations. STUDY DESIGN We formulated clinical questions relating to the following categories: the Patient (or Population) to whom the recommendation will apply; the Intervention being considered; the Comparison (which may be "no action," placebo, or an alternative intervention); and the Outcomes affected by the intervention (PICO). These PICO elements were arranged into the questions to be addressed in the literature searches. Each PICO question then formed the basis for a statement. The population covered consisted of children aged between 0 and 18 years and premature babies hospitalized in neonatology. Two groups were assembled: a core working group and a voting panel from different scientific pediatric committees from the French Society of Pediatrics and national scientific societies. RESULTS We present here 35 clinical practice points (CPPs) for the use of native vitamin D therapy (ergocalciferol, vitamin D2 and cholecalciferol, vitamin D3) and calcium nutritional intakes in general pediatric populations. CONCLUSION This consensus document was developed to provide guidance to health care professionals on the use of nutritional vitamin D and dietary modalities to achieve the recommended calcium intakes in general pediatric populations. These CPPs will be revised periodically. Research recommendations to study key vitamin D outcome measures in children are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bacchetta
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Service de Néphrologie Rhumatologie Dermatologie Pédiatriques, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, ORKID et ERKNet, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, 59 Boulevard Pinel, Bron 69677 CEDEX, France; INSERM U1033, LYOS, Prévention des Maladies Osseuses, Lyon, France; Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
| | - T Edouard
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Unité d'Endocrinologie, Génétique et Pathologies Osseuses, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR et BOND, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - G Laverny
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - J Bernardor
- INSERM U1033, LYOS, Prévention des Maladies Osseuses, Lyon, France; Département de Pédiatrie, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - A Bertholet-Thomas
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Service de Néphrologie Rhumatologie Dermatologie Pédiatriques, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, ORKID et ERKNet, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, 59 Boulevard Pinel, Bron 69677 CEDEX, France; INSERM U1033, LYOS, Prévention des Maladies Osseuses, Lyon, France
| | - M Castanet
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Département de Pédiatrie, Filière Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - C Garnier
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Service de Néphrologie Rhumatologie Dermatologie Pédiatriques, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, ORKID et ERKNet, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, 59 Boulevard Pinel, Bron 69677 CEDEX, France
| | - I Gennero
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Unité d'Endocrinologie, Génétique et Pathologies Osseuses, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR et BOND, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - J Harambat
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rénales Rares, Unité de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Pellegrin-Enfants, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Lapillonne
- Service de Pédiatrie et Réanimation Néonatales, EHU 7328 Université de Paris, Hôpital Necker- Enfants Malades, Paris, France; CNRC, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Molin
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Département de Génétique, Filière Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - C Naud
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Service de Néphrologie Rhumatologie Dermatologie Pédiatriques, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, ORKID et ERKNet, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, 59 Boulevard Pinel, Bron 69677 CEDEX, France
| | - J P Salles
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Unité d'Endocrinologie, Génétique et Pathologies Osseuses, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR et BOND, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - S Laborie
- Service de Réanimation Néonatale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Bron, France
| | - P Tounian
- Service de Nutrition et Gastroentérologie Pédiatriques, Hôpital Trousseau, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - A Linglart
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Service d'Endocrinologie et diabète de l'enfant, Filières Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, ERN endoRARE et BOND, Plateforme d'expertise des maladies rares Paris Saclay, Hôpital Bicêtre Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, INSERM U1185, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Nightengale M, Stout RW, Tully TN. Plasma Vitamin D (25-Hydroxyvitamin D) Levels in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots ( Amazona ventralis) Housed Indoors Over Time. Avian Dis 2022; 66:148-154. [PMID: 35510472 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-21-00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone that can be ingested or synthesized in the body when skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UV), typically from sunlight. In captivity, birds with no sunlight exposure may develop vitamin D deficiencies that may contribute to hypocalcemic conditions, even when fed a diet supplemented with vitamin D. An initial pilot study with Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) conducted approximately 18 mo prior indicated there were significant differences in the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vit D) plasma levels between the resident parrots (indoor-only housing) and a new group of historically outdoor-housed parrots (new parrots) 5 days after the arrival of the latter at our institution. The goals of this study were to determine if vit D, ionized calcium (Ca2+), and ionized magnesium (Mg2+) levels changed from baseline values (taken 18 mo prior) in the new birds as well as to compare those values to those of the resident birds over time. The treatment was a change in husbandry for the new parrots (no UV exposure and diet as provided for the resident parrots). To accomplish this, the authors compared vit D levels in the same two groups of birds that were fed the same vit D-fortified diet and given no access to natural or artificial UV light exposure for 18 mo. The resident parrots (N = 9) had been housed indoors for approximately 20 yr with no exposure to natural or supplemented UV light. The second group of birds (new parrots; N = 8) had been housed outdoors prior to the initiation of the pilot study in 2016 and were fed a similar-but not identical-diet prior to their arrival. Plasma samples were sent to the Michigan State University Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health for analysis. Test results demonstrated differences between the two groups of parrots, largely attributed to the decrease in vit D plasma levels in the new parrots over time to values equivalent to those measured in the resident birds. Differences were seen in plasma Ca2+, while no differences were demonstrated relative to Mg2+. We discuss these findings and suggest that plasma vit D levels decrease in the absence of UV light, even when animals are maintained on a vit D-fortified and balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlie Nightengale
- Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803,
| | - Rhett W Stout
- Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Thomas N Tully
- Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
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Dong C, Hu X, Tripathi AS. A brief review of vitamin D as a potential target for the regulation of blood glucose and inflammation in diabetes-associated periodontitis. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2257-2268. [PMID: 35478388 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder associated with various complications, including periodontitis. The risk of periodontitis is increased in patients with diabetes, while vitamin D deficiency is associated with both diabetes and periodontitis. Thus, there is a need to identify the molecular effects of vitamin D on the regulation of inflammation and glucose in diabetes-associated periodontitis. The Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were searched for studies of the molecular effects of vitamin D. Molecular effects were reportedly mediated by salivary secretions, interactions of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with receptors of AGEs (RAGEs), cytokines, and oxidative stress pathways linking diabetes with periodontitis. Vitamin D supplementation attenuates inflammation in diabetes-associated periodontitis by reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines and numbers of immune cells; it also has antibacterial effects. Vitamin D reduces cytokine levels through regulation of the extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 and Toll-like receptor 1/2 pathways, along with the suppression of interleukin expression. Glucose homeostasis is altered in diabetes either because of reduced insulin production or decreased insulin sensitivity. These vitamin D-related alterations of glucoregulatory factors may contribute to hyperglycaemia; hyperglycaemia may also lead to alterations of glucoregulatory factors. This review discusses the pathways involved in glucose regulation and effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose regulation. Further studies are needed to characterise the effects of vitamin D on diabetes-associated periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Dong
- Department of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Beilun District, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Xuzhi Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Beilun District, Ningbo, 315800, China.
| | - Alok Shiomurti Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, U.P., India
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Tsiantas K, Konteles SJ, Kritsi E, Sinanoglou VJ, Tsiaka T, Zoumpoulakis P. Effects of Non-Polar Dietary and Endogenous Lipids on Gut Microbiota Alterations: The Role of Lipidomics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084070. [PMID: 35456888 PMCID: PMC9024800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in sequencing technologies over the past 15 years have led to a substantially greater appreciation of the importance of the gut microbiome to the health of the host. Recent outcomes indicate that aspects of nutrition, especially lipids (exogenous or endogenous), can influence the gut microbiota composition and consequently, play an important role in the metabolic health of the host. Thus, there is an increasing interest in applying holistic analytical approaches, such as lipidomics, metabolomics, (meta)transcriptomics, (meta)genomics, and (meta)proteomics, to thoroughly study the gut microbiota and any possible interplay with nutritional or endogenous components. This review firstly summarizes the general background regarding the interactions between important non-polar dietary (i.e., sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, and carotenoids) or amphoteric endogenous (i.e., eicosanoids, endocannabinoids-eCBs, and specialized pro-resolving mediators-SPMs) lipids and gut microbiota. In the second stage, through the evaluation of a vast number of dietary clinical interventions, a comprehensive effort is made to highlight the role of the above lipid categories on gut microbiota and vice versa. In addition, the present status of lipidomics in current clinical interventions as well as their strengths and limitations are also presented. Indisputably, dietary lipids and most phytochemicals, such as sterols and carotenoids, can play an important role on the development of medical foods or nutraceuticals, as they exert prebiotic-like effects. On the other hand, endogenous lipids can be considered either prognostic indicators of symbiosis or dysbiosis or even play a role as specialized mediators through dietary interventions, which seem to be regulated by gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tsiantas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Spyridon J. Konteles
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Eftichia Kritsi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Vassilia J. Sinanoglou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Thalia Tsiaka
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (P.Z.)
| | - Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (P.Z.)
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Xiao L, Que S, Mu L, Zheng R. The relationship between vitamin D receptor gene and TREM-1 gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility and prognosis of neonatal sepsis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24405. [PMID: 35358332 PMCID: PMC9102495 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this was to study the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM‐1) gene single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and neonatal sepsis susceptibility and prognosis. Methods The blood of 150 neonatal sepsis patients and 150 normal neonates was collected, and genomic DNA was extracted. Sanger sequencing was used to analyze the genotypes of VDR rs739837 and TREM‐1 rs2234246. Results Vitamin D receptor rs739837 locus GT, TT genotype, dominant model, and recessive model were all protective factors for sepsis (0 < OR < 1, p < 0.05). The risk of sepsis in carriers of the rs739837 G allele was 0.65 times that of the rs739837 T allele (95% CI: 0.50–0.83, p < 0.001), CT, TT, dominant model, and recessive model at rs2234246 were risk factors for sepsis (OR > 1, p < 0.05). The risk of sepsis in carriers of the rs739837 T allele was 1.38 times that of carriers of the C allele (95% CI: 1.16–1.61, p < 0.001). The polymorphisms of VDR gene rs739837 and TREM‐1 gene rs2234246 were not significantly correlated with the survival of patients with neonatal sepsis (p > 0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D receptor gene rs739837 locus G>T is associated with a reduction in the risk of neonatal sepsis, TREM‐1 rs2234246 C>T is associated with the increased risk of neonatal sepsis, but none of them was significantly associated with the prognosis of neonatal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neonatology, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Shengshun Que
- Department of Neonatology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Mu
- Department of Geriatrics, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Rongxiu Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Jian Z, Huang Y, He Y, Jin X, Li H, Li S, Wang K. Genetically Predicted Lifelong Circulating 25(OH)D Levels are Associated With Serum Calcium Levels and Kidney Stone Risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1159-e1166. [PMID: 34669929 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether lifelong higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels increase serum calcium levels and kidney stone disease (KSD) risk. METHODS Summary data for KSD were obtained from the UK biobank genome-wide association study (6536 cases and 388 508 controls). We acquired summary data for 25(OH)D from 120 618 Europeans and another large-scale analysis (443 734 Europeans) for primary and secondary analysis. Random-effect inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and 7 additional sensitivity analyses were applied. Next, multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) was performed by introducing data for serum calcium levels. RESULTS Genetic predisposition for a 1-SD higher 25(OH)D level was associated with increased serum calcium levels (IVW; beta, 0.014; 95% CI, 0.010-0.018; P = 7.64E-10). Genetically predicted higher circulating 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased the risk of KSD, with per 1-SD odds ratios (ORs) of 1.47 (95% CI, 1.22-1.77; P = 5.49E-05) and 1.36 (95% CI, 1.03-1.80; P = 0.029) using the IVW and MVMR-Egger methods, respectively. In secondary analysis, similar results were found: 25(OH)D was associated with an increased risk of KSD in univariate Mendelian randomization (IVW; OR 1.71; 95% CI, 1.26-2.32; P = 0.001) and MVMR (OR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.16-1.76; P < 0.001) analyses. Most sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary results, both for the primary and secondary analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports that higher genetically predicted lifelong circulating 25(OH)D levels are associated with higher calcium levels and KSD risk. The effects of 25(OH)D on KSD were partially attenuated-but still significant-in MVMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Jian
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yazhou He
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheyu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center, Cochrane China Center and MAGIC China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Information Technology, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Rocho FR, Bonatto V, Lameiro RF, Lameira J, Leitão A, Montanari CA. A patent review on cathepsin K inhibitors to treat osteoporosis (2011 - 2021). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:561-573. [PMID: 35137661 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2040480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cathepsin K (CatK) is a lysosomal cysteine protease and the predominant cathepsin expressed in osteoclasts, where it degrades the bone matrix. Hence, CatK is an attractive therapeutic target related to diseases characterized by bone resorption, like osteoporosis. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the patent literature from 2011 to 2021 on CatK inhibitors and their potential use as new treatments for osteoporosis. The inhibitors were classified by their warheads, with the most explored nitrile-based inhibitors. Promising in vivo results have also been disclosed. EXPERT OPINION As one of the most potent lysosomal proteins whose primary function is to mediate bone resorption, cathepsin K remains an excellent target for therapeutic intervention. Nevertheless, there is no record of any approved drug that targets CatK. The most notable cases of drug candidates targeting CatK were balicatib and odanacatib, which reached Phase II and III clinical trials, respectively, but did not enter the market. Further developments include exploring new chemical entities beyond the nitrile-based chemical space, with improved ADME and safety profiles. In addition, CatK's role in cancer immunoexpression and its involvement in the pathophysiology of osteo- and rheumatoid arthritis have raised the race to develop activity-based probes with excellent potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda R Rocho
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Bonatto
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael F Lameiro
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
| | - Jerônimo Lameira
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos/SP, Brazil.,On leave from Drug Designing and Development Laboratory. Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Correa S/N, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Andrei Leitão
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Montanari
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
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Guo Y, Xu Y, Zhang T, Wang Y, Liu R, Chang M, Wang X. Medium and long-chain structured triacylglycerol enhances vitamin D bioavailability in an emulsion-based delivery system: combination of in vitro and in vivo studies. Food Funct 2022; 13:1762-1773. [PMID: 35112696 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03407c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VitD) is an essential fat-soluble micronutrient required for maintaining and regulating calcium homeostasis. Although sunlight can provide VitD, epidemiological studies indicate that the occurrence of VitD deficiency and insufficiency is widespread. Lipids are required at all stages of VitD digestion and absorption. In this research two different medium and long-chain triacylglycerol structures, possessing identical fatty acid composition lipids, namely structured triacylglycerol (STG), and physical mixtures of medium/long-chain triacylglycerol (MCT/LCT), were selected. Our results demonstrated that STG had a significant VitD bioavailability compared to MCT/LCT. In terms of the lipid digestion and absorption, the extent of the higher free fatty acid released (69.42%, p < 0.05), extent of lipolysis (89.28%, p < 0.05), lipolysis rate (0.06 s-1, p < 0.05), and the ratio of the long-chain fatty acid to medium-chain fatty acid of STG (4.8, p < 0.05), result in a higher capacity for accommodating VitD when forming mixed micelles (61.31%, p < 0.05). An in vivo animal study also demonstrated that STG significantly increases the delivery ability of VitD (18.75 ng mL-1, p < 0.05). The findings of this work may have unique applications for designing novel interesterified lipids with an effective delivery capacity for fat-soluble nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Guo
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Oil Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ying Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Oil Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Oil Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yandan Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Oil Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Oil Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ming Chang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Oil Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Oil Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Roberts WE, Mangum JE, Schneider PM. Pathophysiology of Demineralization, Part I: Attrition, Erosion, Abfraction, and Noncarious Cervical Lesions. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:90-105. [PMID: 35129809 PMCID: PMC8930910 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00722-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Compare pathophysiology for infectious and noninfectious demineralization disease relative to mineral maintenance, physiologic fluoride levels, and mechanical degradation. RECENT FINDINGS Environmental acidity, biomechanics, and intercrystalline percolation of endemic fluoride regulate resistance to demineralization relative to osteopenia, noncarious cervical lesions, and dental caries. Demineralization is the most prevalent chronic disease in the world: osteoporosis (OP) >10%, dental caries ~100%. OP is severely debilitating while caries is potentially fatal. Mineralized tissues have a common physiology: cell-mediated apposition, protein matrix, fluid logistics (blood, saliva), intercrystalline ion percolation, cyclic demineralization/remineralization, and acid-based degradation (microbes, clastic cells). Etiology of demineralization involves fluid percolation, metabolism, homeostasis, biomechanics, mechanical wear (attrition or abrasion), and biofilm-related infections. Bone mineral density measurement assesses skeletal mass. Attrition, abrasion, erosion, and abfraction are diagnosed visually, but invisible subsurface caries <400μm cannot be detected. Controlling demineralization at all levels is an important horizon for cost-effective wellness worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Eugene Roberts
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Indiana University & Purdue University at Indianapolis, 8260 Skipjack Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46236 USA
| | - Jonathan E. Mangum
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Corner Grattan Street and Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Paul M. Schneider
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston St, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
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Brociek-Piłczyńska A, Brodowska-Kania D, Szczygielski K, Lorent M, Zieliński G, Kowalewski P, Jurkiewicz D. A rare combination of tumor-induced osteomalacia caused by sinonasal glomangiopericytoma and coexisting parathyroid adenoma: case report and literature review. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:31. [PMID: 35090436 PMCID: PMC8796561 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-00934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare, acquired disease of renal phosphate wasting and disturbed vitamin D homeostasis as a result of the action of a phosphaturic protein - FGF-23, produced by a neoplasm. Although the clinical and biochemical profile of the syndrome is characteristic, it remains underreported and unrecognized by clinicians. Hyperparathyroidism is rarely associated with oncogenic osteomalacia, but it should be considered because of potentially life-threatening hypophosphatemia caused by both conditions. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of a 42-year-old woman admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology of the Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw for the endoscopic resection of hormonally active glomangiopericytoma extending into the anterior skull base. She presented with a 5-year history of musculoskeletal pain and progressive weakness of the extremities which finally led her to become bedridden. After the excision of the tumor her symptoms and laboratory results gradually improved except increasing PTH serum levels. Further examination revealed a parathyroid proliferative tumor, which was surgically removed. The patient walked without aids at follow-up 16 months after the surgery. CONCLUSIONS This case is unusual because of tumor-induced osteomalacia and parathyroid adenoma occurring concomitantly. Further investigations of FGF-23 and PTH interplay should be conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism and tumorigenesis in some cases of TIO. By presenting this case, we wanted to remind clinicians of a rare and misdiagnosed paraneoplastic syndrome and highlight the importance of monitoring PTH concentrations during the follow-up of patients with TIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Brociek-Piłczyńska
- Department of Otolaryngology with Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Brodowska-Kania
- Department of Endocrinology and Isotope Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kornel Szczygielski
- Department of Otolaryngology with Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lorent
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zieliński
- Department of Neurosurgery, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kowalewski
- Department of General Surgery, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jurkiewicz
- Department of Otolaryngology with Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
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Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Neurologic Outcomes in Patients After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Shock 2022; 57:639-644. [PMID: 35081078 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the association between vitamin D deficiency and neurologic outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. METHOD Data from the prospective cardiac arrest registry in the emergency department between October 2019 and April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Blood samples were obtained during cardiopulmonary resuscitation wherein 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were analyzed; deficiency was defined as levels <10 ng/mL. The primary outcome was neurologic outcomes at 3 months assessed using the modified Rankin Scale. RESULT A total of 195 patients (mean age, 64.5 ± 16.1 years; 135 [69.2%] men) were included. A significantly greater proportion of patients with poor outcomes had vitamin D deficiency compared with those with good outcomes (49.4% vs. 18.2%, P = 0.001). The area under the curve for a sustained return of spontaneous circulation and 3-month poor neurologic outcomes was 0.595 (P = 0.031) and 0.704 (P < 0.001), respectively. In a multivariate analysis, vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio (OR): 10.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.47-70.82, P = 0.019), initial shockable rhythm (OR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.00-0.84, P = 0.040), low flow time (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03-1.16, P = 0.003), and thrombocytopenia (OR: 10.66; 95% CI: 1.13-100.41, P = 0.039) were significantly associated with 3-month poor neurologic outcomes. CONCLUSION The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with cardiac arrest was 44% and was associated with poor neurological outcomes at 3 months.
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Regulatory domains controlling high intestinal vitamin D receptor gene expression are conserved in mouse and human. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101616. [PMID: 35065959 PMCID: PMC8891975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels are highest in the intestine where it mediates 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D-induced gene expression. However, the mechanisms controlling high intestinal VDR gene expression are unknown. Here, we used Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using Sequencing (ATAC-Seq) to identify the regulatory sites controlling intestine-specific Vdr gene expression in the small intestine (villi and crypts) and colon of developing, adult, and aged mice. We identified 17 ATAC peaks in a 125 kb region from intron 3 to −55.8 kb from exon 1 of the Vdr gene. Interestingly, many of these peaks were missing/reduced in the developing intestine. Chromatin ImmunoPrecipitation-Sequencing (ChIP-Seq) peaks for intestinal transcription factors (TFs) were present within the ATAC peaks and at HiChIP looping attachments that connected the ATAC/TF ChIP peaks to the transcription start site and CCCTF-binding factor sites at the borders of the Vdr gene regulatory domain. Intestine-specific regulatory sites were identified by comparing ATAC peaks to DNAse-Seq data from other tissues that revealed tissue-specific, evolutionary conserved, and species-specific peaks. Bioinformatics analysis of human DNAse-Seq peaks revealed polymorphisms that disrupt TF-binding sites. Our analysis shows that mouse intestinal Vdr gene regulation requires a complex interaction of multiple distal regulatory regions and is controlled by a combination of intestinal TFs. These intestinal regulatory sites are well conserved in humans suggesting that they may be key components of VDR regulation in both mouse and human intestines.
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Noh JY, Kim MJ, Park JM, Yun TG, Kang MJ, Pyun JC. Quantitative analysis of vitamin D using m/MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry based on a parylene matrix chip. J Anal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-021-00313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractVitamin D deficiency is associated with various disorders and is diagnosed based on the concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) in serum. The parylene matrix chip was fabricated to reduce the matrix background noise, and the homogenous distribution of the matrix was retained for the quantitative analysis of 25(OH)D3. The Amplex Red assay was performed to confirm that the sample-matrix mixing zone of the parylene matrix chip was formed below the surface of the parylene-N film. The homogeneous distribution of the matrix was verified from the fluorescence image. For effective analysis using a parylene matrix chip, 25(OH)D3 was modified through the nucleophilic addition of betaine aldehyde (BA) to form a hemiacetal salt. Such modified 25(OH)D3 with a positive charge from BA could be effectively analyzed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Serum 25(OH)D3 was extracted by liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and quantified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry based on the parylene matrix chip. The intensity of the mass peak of 25(OH)D3 was linearly correlated (r2 = 0.992) with the concentration of 25(OH)D3 spiked in serum, and the LOD was 0.0056 pmol/μL. Energy drinks and vitamin D3 tablets were also employed for the real sample analysis. Finally, the results of the chemiluminescence binding assay and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry were statistically analyzed to determine the applicability of the method using the Bland–Altman test and Passing–Bablok regression.
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Zhang Y, Ji W, Zhang S, Gao N, Xu T, Wang X, Zhang M. Vitamin D Inhibits the Early Aggregation of α‐Synuclein and Modulates Exocytosis Revealed by Electrochemical Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Ji
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Tianci Xu
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Meining Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
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Strath LJ, Meng L, Rani A, Sinha P, Johnson AJ, Huo Z, Foster TC, Edburg JD, Fillingim RB, Cruz-Almeida Y. Accelerated Epigenetic Aging Mediates the Association between Vitamin D Levels and Knee Pain in Community-Dwelling Individuals. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:318-323. [PMID: 35450986 PMCID: PMC10161927 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between Vitamin D status and pain intensity and disability in individuals with and without knee pain, and to examine the role of epigenetics in this relationship. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of data from the UPLOAD-2 study (Understanding Pain and Limitations in OsteoArthritic Disease-2). PARTICIPANTS 189 individuals aged 45-65 years and older. MEASUREMENTS Serum Vitamin D levels, pain related interference and characteristic pain intensity measures, and the epigenetic clock GrimAge derived from blood analyses. RESULTS Lower Vitamin D was associated with advanced epigenetic aging (AgeAccelGrim), greater pain and disability and that (AgeAccelGrim) mediated the relationship between Vitamin D status and self-reported pain (ab = -0.0799; CI [-0.1492, -0.0237]) and disability (ab = -0.0669; CI [-0.1365, -0.0149]) outcomes. CONCLUSION These data support the notion that lifestyle factors such as nutrition status play a key role in aging process, as well as the development and maintenance of age-related diseases such as pain. Modifying nutrition status could help promote healthy aging and reduce pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Strath
- Yenisel Cruz-Almeida, 1329 SW 16th Street, Suite 5108, Gainesville, FL, 32605, USA, E:
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Yang YY, Zhang D, Ma LY, Hou YF, Bi YF, Xu Y, Xu M, Zhao HY, Sun LH, Tao B, Liu JM. Association of famine exposure and the serum calcium level in healthy Chinese adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937380. [PMID: 36017320 PMCID: PMC9395633 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Famine exposure and higher serum calcium levels are related with increased risk of many disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Whether famine exposure has any effect on serum calcium level is unclear. Besides, the normal reference range of serum calcium is variable among different populations. Our aims are 1) determining the reference interval of calcium in Chinese adults; 2) exploring its relationship with famine exposure. METHODS Data in this study was from a cross-sectional study of the epidemiologic investigation carried out during March-August 2010 in Jiading district, Shanghai, China. Nine thousand and two hundred eleven participants with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60ml/min/1.73m2 were involved to calculate reference interval of total calcium from 10569 participants aged 40 years or older. The analysis of famine exposure was conducted in 9315 participants with complete serum biochemical data and birth year information. RESULTS After rejecting outliers, the 95% reference interval of total serum calcium was 2.122~2.518 mmol/L. The equation of albumin-adjusted calcium was: Total calcium + 0.019* (49-Albumin), with a 95% reference interval of 2.151~2.500 mmol/L. Compared to the age-balanced control group, there was an increased risk of being at the upper quartile of total serum calcium (OR=1.350, 95%CI=1.199-1.521) and albumin-adjusted calcium (OR=1.381, 95%CI=1.234-1.544) in subjects experienced famine exposure in childhood. Females were more vulnerable to this impact (OR= 1.621, 95%CI= 1.396-1.883 for total serum calcium; OR=1.722, 95%CI= 1.497-1.980 for albumin-adjusted calcium). CONCLUSIONS Famine exposure is an important environmental factor associated with the changes in circulating calcium concentrations, the newly established serum calcium normal range and albumin-adjusted calcium equation, together with the history of childhood famine exposure, might be useful in identifying subjects with abnormal calcium homeostasis and related diseases, especially in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-ying Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-ying Ma
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-fang Hou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-fang Bi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-hao Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-hao Sun, ; Bei Tao, ; Jian-min Liu,
| | - Bei Tao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-hao Sun, ; Bei Tao, ; Jian-min Liu,
| | - Jian-min Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-hao Sun, ; Bei Tao, ; Jian-min Liu,
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Association of VDR gene ApaI polymorphism with obesity in Iranian population. BIOMÉDICA 2021; 41:651-659. [PMID: 34936251 PMCID: PMC8740557 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.5898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Identifying obesity risk factors as a health problem facing communities is crucial given its complexity. The vitamin D receptor gene has been reported as a possible cause of this disease. Objective: To study the association of the VDR gene ApaI, BsmI, and TaqI polymorphisms with obesity in an Iranian population. Material and methods: We analyzed the genotypes of 348 obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2) and 320 non-obese people (BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) using PCR-RFLP. We measured FBS, TG, total cholesterol, and HDL and LDL cholesterol levels in an automatic biochemical analyzer. Results: We found significantly higher BMI, FBS, and TG levels in the obese group compared to the control. In the obese individuals, the frequency of genotype AA was 47.1% and that of the combined Aa+aa genotype, 52.9% while in the control group they were 30% and 70%, respectively (p=0.024, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.100-3.933, odds ratio (OR)=2.08). A and a alleles frequencies for the ApaI polymorphism were statistically significant in the two groups (allele A vs. a; p=0.017). No significant relationship was observed between TaqI genotypes and alleles in the control and obese subjects. Conclusion: We found that VDR ApaI (rs7975232 C/A) polymorphism appeared to be a risk factor for obesity. Especially, the A allele and the AA genotype in ApaI were associated with the obesity phenotypes.
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83
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Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation and Their Association with Kidney Stone Disease: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124363. [PMID: 34959915 PMCID: PMC8707627 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney stone disease is a multifactorial condition influenced by both genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits. Although different monogenic polymorphisms have been proposed as playing a causal role for calcium nephrolithiasis, the prevalence of these mutations in the general population and their complete pathogenetic pathway is yet to be determined. General dietary advice for kidney stone formers includes elevated fluid intake, dietary restriction of sodium and animal proteins, avoidance of a low calcium diet, maintenance of a normal body mass index, and elevated intake of vegetables and fibers. Thus, balanced calcium consumption protects against the risk for kidney stones by reducing intestinal oxalate availability and its urinary excretion. However, calcium supplementation given between meals might increase urinary calcium excretion without the beneficial effect on oxalate. In kidney stone formers, circulating active vitamin D has been found to be increased, whereas higher plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol seems to be present only in hypercalciuric patients. The association between nutritional vitamin D supplements and the risk for stone formation is currently not completely understood. However, taken together, available evidence might suggest that vitamin D administration worsens the risk for stone formation in patients predisposed to hypercalciuria. In this review, we analyzed and discussed available literature on the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on the risk for kidney stone formation.
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Segovia-Mendoza M, García-Quiroz J, Díaz L, García-Becerra R. Combinations of Calcitriol with Anticancer Treatments for Breast Cancer: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12741. [PMID: 34884550 PMCID: PMC8657847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological studies indicate that vitamin D3 (VD) deficiency is a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Underlying mechanisms include the ability of calcitriol to induce cell differentiation, inhibit oncogenes expression, and modify different signaling pathways involved in the control of cell proliferation. In addition, calcitriol combined with different kinds of antineoplastic drugs has been demonstrated to enhance their beneficial effects in an additive or synergistic fashion. However, a recognized adjuvant regimen based on calcitriol for treating patients with breast cancer has not yet been fully established. Accordingly, in the present work, we review and discuss the preclinical and clinical studies about the combination of calcitriol with different oncological drugs, aiming to emphasize its main therapeutic benefits and opportunities for the treatment of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Janice García-Quiroz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
| | - Lorenza Díaz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
| | - Rocío García-Becerra
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Zhang Y, Ji W, Zhang S, Gao N, Xu T, Wang X, Zhang M. Vitamin D Inhibits the Early Aggregation of α-Synuclein and Modulates Exocytosis Revealed by Electrochemical Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111853. [PMID: 34734656 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) localizes at presynaptic terminal and modulates synaptic functions. Increasing evidence demonstrate that α-Syn oligomers, forming at the early of aggregation, are cytotoxic and is thus related to brain neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we find that vitamin D (VD) can reduce neurocytotoxicity. The reduced neurocytotoxicity might be attributed to the less amount of large-sized α-Syn oligomers inhibited by VD, measured by electrochemical collision at single particle level, which are not observable with traditionally ensembled method. Single-cell amperometry (SCA) results show that VD can recover the amount of neurotransmitter release during exocytosis induced by α-Syn oligomers, further verifying the neuroprotection of VD. Our study reveals the neuroprotective role of VD through inhibiting α-Syn aggregation, which is envisioned to be of great importance in treatment and prevention of the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Tianci Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Meining Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
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Rezaei S, Tabrizi R, Nowrouzi-Sohrabi P, Jalali M, Shabani-Borujeni M, Modaresi S, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S. The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:732496. [PMID: 34803681 PMCID: PMC8595299 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.732496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D was reported to be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of the vitamin D supplementation on anthropometric and biochemical indices in patient with NAFLD. Methods: PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, and Embase databases were explored to identify all randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on anthropometric and biochemical indices in patients with NAFLD. A random-effects model was used to pool weighted mean difference (WMD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The statistical heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using I2 statistic (high ≥ 50%, low < 50%) and Cochran's Q-test. Results: Sixteen RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. The results identified that high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level significantly increased following vitamin D supplementation (P = 0.008). Vitamin D reduced body weight (P = 0.007), body mass index (P = 0.002), waist circumstance (WC) (P = 0.02), serum alanine transaminase (ALT) (P = 0.01), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.01), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = 0.004), and calcium (P = 0.01). No significant changes were found on body fat, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and adiponectin following vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion: Vitamin D had significant effects on anthropometric and biochemical indices including HDL-C, body weight, BMI, WC, serum ALT, serum FBS, HOMA-IR, and calcium. Vitamin D supplementation can be considered as an effective strategy in management of patients with NAFLD. Systematic Review Registration: [website], identifier [registration number].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Rezaei
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Peyman Nowrouzi-Sohrabi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalali
- Nutrition Research Center, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shabani-Borujeni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shayan Modaresi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Research Center of Health and Enviroment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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87
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Percival MA, Pasco JA, Hosking SM, Williams LJ, Holloway-Kew KL, Wark JD, Hyde NK. Maternal vitamin D and offspring fracture risk: the Vitamin D in Pregnancy study. Arch Osteoporos 2021; 16:159. [PMID: 34705148 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-021-01023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vitamin D is important for bone health and strength. Previous studies report 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) exposure during pregnancy may impact offspring bone health later in life. In this study, maternal 25(OH)D at recruitment was associated with a lower fracture risk in boys and an increased fracture risk in girls at 28-32 weeks gestation. PURPOSE Maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in pregnancy has been shown to be associated with offspring bone measures in some studies, but few have examined fracture risk. We aimed to determine associations between maternal vitamin D status and offspring fracture risk. METHODS In total, 475 mother-child pairs participating in the Vitamin D in Pregnancy study in southeastern Australia were recruited. Maternal serum samples were taken at recruitment (< 16 weeks gestation) and/or 28-32 weeks gestation and analysed for 25(OH)D. Incident fractures in children were ascertained from date of birth (2002-2004) until December 31, 2012. Cox proportional hazard models included maternal age at recruitment, offspring sex, birth weight, gestation length and season of vitamin D sample. RESULTS Complete follow-up data were available for 400 children (median age = 9.5 years). There were 68 (17.0%) children who sustained at least one fracture. Higher maternal 25(OH)D (per 10 nmol/L) in early gestation was weakly associated with a decreased fracture risk in boys (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.68, 0.99; p = 0.048) but not girls (HR 1.10; 95% CI 0.98, 1.25; p = 0.11). At late gestation, higher maternal 25(OH)D was associated with increased fracture risk in girls (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.01, 1.23; p = 0.038) but not boys (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.80, 1.10; p = 0.42). No statistically significant relationships were detected in analyses investigating 25(OH)D as a categorical variable. CONCLUSION There is some evidence that higher maternal 25(OH)D at recruitment was associated with lower fracture risk in boys, while higher maternal 25(OH)D at 28-32 weeks gestation was associated with an increased fracture risk in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia A Percival
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Julie A Pasco
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, VIC, 3181, Australia
| | - Sarah M Hosking
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Lana J Williams
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Kara L Holloway-Kew
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - John D Wark
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.,Bone and Mineral Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.,Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia
| | - Natalie K Hyde
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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Merdas M, Lagarrigue M, Vanbellingen Q, Umbdenstock T, Da Violante G, Pineau C. On-tissue chemical derivatization reagents for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4731. [PMID: 34080257 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) is a key tool for the analysis of biological tissues. It provides spatial and quantitative information about different types of analytes within tissue sections. Despite the increasing improvements of this technique, the low detection sensitivity of some compounds remains an important challenge to overcome. Poor sensitivity is related to weak ionization efficiency, low abundance of analytes and matrix ions, or endogenous interferences. On-tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) has proven to be an important solution to these issues and is increasingly employed in MALDI MSI studies. OTCD reagents, synthesized or commercially available, have been essentially used for the detection of small exogenous or endogenous molecules within tissues. Optimally, an OTCD reaction is performed in mild conditions, in an acceptable range of time, preserves the integrity of the tissues, and prevents the delocalization. In addition to their reactivity with a targeted chemical function, some OTCD reagents can also be used as a matrix, which simplifies the sample preparation procedure. In this review, we present an exhaustive overview of OTCD reagents and methods used in MALDI MSI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Merdas
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35042, France
- Protim, Univ Rennes, Rennes, F-35042, France
- DMPK Department, Technologie Servier, Orléans, 45007, France
| | - Mélanie Lagarrigue
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35042, France
- Protim, Univ Rennes, Rennes, F-35042, France
| | | | | | | | - Charles Pineau
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, F-35042, France
- Protim, Univ Rennes, Rennes, F-35042, France
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89
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Abdrabbo M, Birch CM, Brandt M, Cicigoi KA, Coffey SJ, Dolan CC, Dvorak H, Gehrke AC, Gerzema AEL, Hansen A, Henseler EJ, Huelsbeck AC, LaBerge B, Leavens CM, Le CN, Lindquist AC, Ludwig RK, Reynolds JH, Severson NJ, Sherman BA, Sillman HW, Smith MA, Smith MA, Snortheim MJ, Svaren LM, Vanderpas EC, Wackett MJ, Wozney AJ, Bhattacharyya S, Hati S. Vitamin D and COVID-19: A review on the role of vitamin D in preventing and reducing the severity of COVID-19 infection. Protein Sci 2021; 30:2206-2220. [PMID: 34558135 PMCID: PMC8521296 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a pathogenic coronavirus causing COVID‐19 infection. The interaction between the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein and the human receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2, both of which contain several cysteine residues, is impacted by the disulfide‐thiol balance in the host cell. The host cell redox status is affected by oxidative stress due to the imbalance between the reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and antioxidants. Recent studies have shown that Vitamin D supplementation could reduce oxidative stress. It has also been proposed that vitamin D at physiological concentration has preventive effects on many viral infections, including COVID‐19. However, the molecular‐level picture of the interplay of vitamin D deficiency, oxidative stress, and the severity of COVID‐19 has remained unclear. Herein, we present a thorough review focusing on the possible molecular mechanism by which vitamin D could alter host cell redox status and block viral entry, thereby preventing COVID‐19 infection or reducing the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobeen Abdrabbo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Cole M Birch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael Brandt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kelsey A Cicigoi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stephen J Coffey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Connor C Dolan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hannah Dvorak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ava C Gehrke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Audrey E L Gerzema
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Abby Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ethan J Henseler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alyssa C Huelsbeck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ben LaBerge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Caterra M Leavens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Christine N Le
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Allison C Lindquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rickaela K Ludwig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jacob H Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nathaniel J Severson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brandon A Sherman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hunter W Sillman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael A Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Macey A Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marissa J Snortheim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Levi M Svaren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Emily C Vanderpas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Miles J Wackett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alec J Wozney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sudeep Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sanchita Hati
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
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90
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Vecchiato CG, Delsante C, Galiazzo G, Perfetti S, Pinna C, Sabetti MC, Zagnoli L, Biagi G, Pietra M. Case Report: A Case Series Linked to Vitamin D Excess in Pet Food: Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) Toxicity Observed in Five Cats. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:707741. [PMID: 34490396 PMCID: PMC8416511 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.707741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) toxicity caused by defective pet food formulations is a rare occurrence described in cats. Nevertheless, it poses a health risk, even though the affected pet food is not fed as the sole diet. Excessive vitamin D3 intake might cause hypercalcemia and soft tissue mineralization, which are findings that prompt clinicians to further investigate the feasible etiology. This case series describes the effects of an extremely high vitamin D3 intake in five young cats caused by the consumption of a fish-based complementary kitten pet food (KPF) that was fed to all of the cats as part of their diet (cases 1, 2, and 3) or eaten exclusively (cases 4 and 5). Due to the different amounts of vitamin D3 consumed, diagnostic examinations showed different degrees of severity of hypercalcemia and azotemia as well as different radiographic findings in cases where diagnostic imaging was performed (cases 2, 4, and 5). All of the cats were treated by withdrawing the affected food and providing medical management of the hypercalcemia. All of the cats recovered, except for two persistent azotemic cats, which developed chronic kidney disease. The goal of this case series is, therefore, to describe the occurrence and resolution of an acute vitamin D3 toxicity due to the highest amount of dietary vitamin D3 intake that has ever been described in domestic cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla G Vecchiato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Costanza Delsante
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Galiazzo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Simone Perfetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlo Pinna
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Maria C Sabetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Zagnoli
- Clinica Veterinaria dell' Orologio - AniCura, Sasso Marconi, Italy
| | - Giacomo Biagi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Marco Pietra
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
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91
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Zheng C, Li H, Rong S, Liu L, Zhen K, Li K. Vitamin D level and fractures in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Miner Metab 2021; 39:851-857. [PMID: 34115219 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between vitamin D levels and the risk of bone fractures in children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were searched using subject and free words. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale form was used to assess literature quality. ReVman 5.2 and Stata 13.0 were used for statistical analyses. The results were expressed as the mean difference (MD)/odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The heterogeneity test was conducted according to I2 and Q tests. Egger's test was used to evaluate publication bias. RESULTS Thirteen studies (3943 participants ≤ 18 years old) were included, and the quality of the literature was acceptable. Regarding the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level in the random effects model, the MD = - 0.12 ng/mL (95% CI: -1.93, 1.69), I2 = 83%, and P < 0.00001, indicating large heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to vitamin D supplementation and 25OHD level, the sources of heterogeneity were not found. Regarding the proportion of subjects with vitamin D deficiency in the random effects model, OR = 1.09 (95% CI: 0.67, 1.79), I2 = 79%, and P < 0.0001. By sensitivity analysis, after removing Al-Daghri's study, OR = 1.22 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.56), I2 = 0%, and P = 0.64. CONCLUSION There is no relationship between vitamin D level and the risk of bone fractures in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zheng
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, 15, Sports South Street, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Li
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, 15, Sports South Street, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Shuai Rong
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, 15, Sports South Street, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Liantao Liu
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, 15, Sports South Street, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Kepei Zhen
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, 15, Sports South Street, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Kewei Li
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, 15, Sports South Street, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
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92
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Bayat M, Kohlmeier KA, Haghani M, Haghighi AB, Khalili A, Bayat G, Hooshmandi E, Shabani M. Co-treatment of vitamin D supplementation with enriched environment improves synaptic plasticity and spatial learning and memory in aged rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:2297-2312. [PMID: 33991198 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05853-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown in old rats to improve learning and memory. Vitamin D (VitD) has also been shown to modulate age-related, cognitive dysfunction. As both EE and VitD could work to improve cognition via enhancement of neurotrophic factors, their effects might occlude one another. Therefore, a clinically relevant question is whether noted cognition-promoting effects of EE and VitD can co-occur. METHODS Aged rats were housed for 6 weeks in one of three housing conditions: environmentally enriched (EE), socially enriched (SE), or standard condition (SC). Further, a 4th group was co-treated with VitD supplementation (400 IU kg-1 daily, 6 weeks) under EE conditions (EE + VitD). RESULTS Treatment with VitD and EE housing were associated with higher score on measures of learning and memory and exhibited lower anxiety scores compared to EE alone, SE or SC as assayed in the elevated plus maze, Morris water maze, passive avoidance, and open field tasks. Additionally, in the EE + VitD group, mRNA expression levels of NGF, TrkA, BDNF, Nrf2, and IGF-1 were significantly higher compared to expression seen in the EE group. Furthermore, field potential recordings showed that EE + VitD resulted in a greater enhancement of hippocampal LTP and neuronal excitability when compared to EE alone. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that in aged rats exposure to EE and VitD results in effects on hippocampal cognitive dysfunction and molecular mechanisms which are greater than effects of EE alone, suggesting potential for synergistic therapeutic effects for management of age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Bayat
- Clinical Neurology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kristi A Kohlmeier
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Masoud Haghani
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Azadeh Khalili
- Evidence-Based Phytotherapy and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bayat
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Etrat Hooshmandi
- Clinical Neurology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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93
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Martín Giménez VM, Bergam I, Reiter RJ, Manucha W. Metal ion homeostasis with emphasis on zinc and copper: Potential crucial link to explain the non-classical antioxidative properties of vitamin D and melatonin. Life Sci 2021; 281:119770. [PMID: 34197883 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal ion homeostasis is an essential physiological mechanism necessary for achieving an adequate balance of these ions' concentrations in the different cellular compartments. This fact is of great importance because both an excess and a deficiency of cellular metal ion levels are usually equally harmful due to the exacerbated increase in oxidative stress that may occur in both cases. Metal ion homeostasis ensures an equilibrium among multiple functions associated with the body's antioxidative defense network controlled by metallic micronutrients such as zinc and copper, some of the central regulators of redox processes. These micronutrients significantly modulate the activity of some isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other enzymes such as metallothioneins (MTs) and ceruloplasmin (CP), which are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of redox homeostasis. Although it is well known that both melatonin (MEL) and vitamin D have important roles as natural antioxidants, often some of these effects are related to their actions on antioxidative processes dependent on metal ions. Thus, in addition to their classical antioxidative properties usually associated with mitochondrial effects, it is known that MEL and vitamin D modulate the expression and activity of Cu/Zn-dependent SOD isoforms, MTs and CP; function as copper chelators and regulate genomic and non-genomic mechanisms related to the zinc transport. This review summarizes the main findings related to the crucial participation of zinc and copper in physiological antioxidative status and their relationship with the non-classical antioxidant effects of MEL and vitamin D, suggesting a potential synergism among these four micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna M Martín Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, Sede San Juan, Argentina
| | - Ivana Bergam
- CROATIA Osiguranje Pension Company for Voluntary Pension Fund Management D.O.O., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Walter Manucha
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Experimental Básica y Traslacional, Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IMBECU-CONICET), Argentina.
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94
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Varghese JE, Balasubramanian B, Velayuthaprabhu S, Thirunavukkarasu V, Rengarajan RL, Murugesh E, Manikandan P, Arun M, Anand AV. Therapeutic effects of vitamin D and cancer: An overview. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jisha Elsa Varghese
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology Bharathiar University Tamil Nadu India
| | | | | | | | | | - Easwaran Murugesh
- Nutritional Improvement of Crops International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology New Delhi India
| | | | - Meyyazhagan Arun
- Department of Life Sciences CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Karnataka India
| | - Arumugam Vijaya Anand
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology Bharathiar University Tamil Nadu India
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95
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Huang A, Binmahfouz L, Hancock DP, Anderson PH, Ward DT, Conigrave AD. Calcium-Sensing Receptors Control CYP27B1-Luciferase Expression: Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Mechanisms. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvab057. [PMID: 34337274 PMCID: PMC8317635 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase (encoded by CYP27B1), which catalyzes the synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, is subject to negative or positive modulation by extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+o) depending on the tissue. However, the Ca2+ sensors and underlying mechanisms are unidentified. We tested whether calcium-sensing receptors (CaSRs) mediate Ca2+o-dependent control of 1α-hydroxylase using HEK-293 cells stably expressing the CaSR (HEK-CaSR cells). In HEK-CaSR cells, but not control HEK-293 cells, cotransfected with reporter genes for CYP27B1-Photinus pyralis (firefly) luciferase and control Renilla luciferase, an increase in Ca2+o from 0.5mM to 3.0mM induced a 2- to 3-fold increase in firefly luciferase activity as well as mRNA and protein levels. Surprisingly, firefly luciferase was specifically suppressed at Ca2+o ≥ 5.0mM, demonstrating biphasic Ca2+o control. Both phases were mediated by CaSRs as revealed by positive and negative modulators. However, Ca2+o induced simple monotonic increases in firefly luciferase and endogenous CYP27B1 mRNA levels, indicating that the inhibitory effect of high Ca2+o was posttranscriptional. Studies with inhibitors and the CaSR C-terminal mutant T888A identified roles for protein kinase C (PKC), phosphorylation of T888, and extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 in high Ca2+o-dependent suppression of firefly luciferase. Blockade of both PKC and ERK1/2 abolished Ca2+o-stimulated firefly luciferase, demonstrating that either PKC or ERK1/2 is sufficient to stimulate the CYP27B1 promoter. A key CCAAT box (−74 bp to −68 bp), which is regulated downstream of PKC and ERK1/2, was required for both basal transcription and Ca2+o-mediated transcriptional upregulation. The CaSR mediates Ca2+o-dependent transcriptional upregulation of 1α-hydroxylase and an additional CaSR-mediated mechanism is identified by which Ca2+o can promote luciferase and possibly 1α-hydroxylase breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Huang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, NSW 2006Australia
| | - Lenah Binmahfouz
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dale P Hancock
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, NSW 2006Australia
| | - Paul H Anderson
- Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Donald T Ward
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Arthur D Conigrave
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, NSW 2006Australia
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96
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Zeng H, Safratowich BD, Liu Z, Bukowski MR, Ishaq SL. Adequacy of calcium and vitamin D reduces inflammation, β-catenin signaling, and dysbiotic Parasutterela bacteria in the colon of C57BL/6 mice fed a western-style diet. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 92:108613. [PMID: 33705950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adoption of an obesogenic diet low in calcium and vitamin D (CaD) leads to increased obesity, colonic inflammation, and cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that CaD supplementation (from inadequacy to adequacy) may reduce colonic inflammation, oncogenic signaling, and dysbiosis in the colon of C57BL/6 mice fed a Western diet. Male C57/BL6 mice (4-weeks old) were assigned to 3 dietary groups for 36 weeks: (1) AIN76A as a control diet (AIN); (2) a defined rodent "new Western diet" (NWD); or (3) NWD with CaD supplementation (NWD/CaD). Compared to the AIN, mice receiving the NWD or NWD/CaD exhibited more than 0.2-fold increase in the levels of plasma leptin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and body weight. The levels of plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6), inflammatory cell infiltration, and β-catenin/Ki67 protein (oncogenic signaling) were increased more than 0.8-fold in the NWD (but not NWD/CaD) group compared to the AIN group. Consistent with the inflammatory phenotype, colonic secondary bile acid (inflammatory bacterial metabolite) levels increased more than 0.4-fold in the NWD group compared to the NWD/CaD and AIN groups. Furthermore, the abundance of colonic Proteobacteria (e.g., Parasutterela), considered signatures of dysbiosis, was increased more than four-fold; and the α diversity of colonic bacterial species, indicative of health, was decreased by 30% in the NWD group compared to the AIN and NWD/CaD groups. Collectively, CaD adequacy reduces colonic inflammation, β-catenin oncogenic signaling, secondary bile acids, and bacterial dysbiosis in mice fed with a Western diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Zeng
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota.
| | - Bryan D Safratowich
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Michael R Bukowski
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Suzanne L Ishaq
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine
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97
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Farber PL, Dias A, Freitas T, Pinho AC, Viggiano D, Saldanha C, Silva-Herdade AS. Evaluation of hemorheological parameters as biomarkers of calcium metabolism and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 77:395-410. [PMID: 33386795 DOI: 10.3233/ch-200956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium, vitamin D and insulin resistance are linked to osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease in menopause. OBJECTIVE Determine if hemorheological parameters related to blood viscosity in microcirculation are linked to calcium metabolism and insulin resistance in menopause. METHODS 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)), 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25(OH)2D), parathyroid hormone, ionized calcium, glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1c were measured in blood from 43 volunteers. Red blood cells (RBC) aggregation, RBC deformability and whole blood viscosity were also performed. RESULTS 25(OH)D showed a positive correlation with RBC deformability 0.60 Pa. Subjects with 25(OH)D≤29.00 ng/mL had lower RBC deformability 0.60 Pa, and higher RBC aggregation and higher HOMA-IR. Ionized calcium showed a negative correlation with RBC aggregation. Subjects with ionized calcium ≤1.24 mmol/L showed higher RBC aggregation. There was a positive correlation between HOMA-IR and RBC aggregation and HOMA-IR showed a negative correlation with RBC deformability 0.30 Pa. Subjects with HOMA-IR <1.80 showed lower RBC aggregation and higher RBC deformability at 0.30 Pa, 0.60 Pa, 1.20 Pa, 3.0 Pa and 6.0 Pa. CONCLUSION Low 25(OH)D, low ionized calcium and high HOMA-IR are related to impaired hemorheology in menopause. RBC aggregation and deformability can be used as biomarkers of calcium metabolism and insulin resistance in menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Dias
- Hospital da Luz, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Teresa Freitas
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Diego Viggiano
- ESSUA -Escola Superior de Saúde; Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Ana S Silva-Herdade
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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98
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The effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating osteoprogenitor cells: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2021; 150:111399. [PMID: 33971278 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Circulating osteoprogenitor (COP) cells are a relatively newly discovered mesenchymal precursors population in the peripheral blood. While some aspects of their physiology have been documented in vitro, little is known about their behavior in vivo. To facilitate understanding regarding their potential role in the management of musculoskeletal disease, more research into how these cells respond to growth factors and hormones in vivo is still required. To this end, we performed a randomized controlled pilot study investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on COP cells in healthy older adults. Twenty-two individuals were recruited and stratified through their baseline vitamin D levels into deficient (<35 nmol/L), insufficient (35-49 nmol/L) and sufficient (>50 nmol/L) groups, and then randomized to receive either a 50,000 IU bolus dose of vitamin D, along with a 1000 IU daily supplement for six weeks, or the 1000 IU supplement alone. Participants were assessed at baseline, week three, and week six, with the primary outcome being a change in the number of COP cells. Secondary outcomes were vitamin D, markers of bone formation and resorption, parathyroid hormone, and calcium. The study showed that, independently of the dosing, increasing vitamin D levels led to a concomitant 52% increase in COP cell number (p < 0.001). There were no differences between strata, or any of the secondary outcomes in the trial. This suggests that COP cells are regulated in some way by vitamin D, similar to the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell. Future studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of vitamin D supplementation, and how COP cells may be involved in chronic musculoskeletal disease.
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99
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Mehrdad M, Eftekhari MH, Jafari F, Nikbakht HA, Gholamalizadeh M. Associations between FTO rs9939609 polymorphism, serum vitamin D, mental health, and eating behaviors in overweight adults. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1889-1897. [PMID: 33939949 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1913316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: Despite the significant role of the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) gene in obesity, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Besides, vitamin D deficiency and obesity are mostly seen together, and it can be hypothesized that this nutrient may have an impact in the role of FTO genotype in adiposity.Objective: Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism with eating behaviors, eating disorders, and general mental health in overweight adults, considering their vitamin D intake as a mediate confounding factor.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 197 overweight adults in Shiraz, Iran. Genotyping was performed through amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS PCR). Mental health, vitamin D intake, eating behaviors and disorders were assessed by the validated questionnaires.Results: The risk allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism (A) was significantly associated with a higher risk of eating behavior and mental health disorders (all P < 0.05). After considering vitamin D intake, the AA genotype carriers had significantly higher risks for poorer eating behavior (P = 0.002), mental health (P = 0.007), and general mental health (P = 0.039) compared with the TT carriers if they had insufficient vitamin D intake.Conclusion: In conclusion, these results indicated that the A-allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism may be associated with poorer eating behaviors, mental health, and higher risk of eating disorders. It was also identified that the effect of FTO rs9939609 A risk allele on eating behavior and mental health may be limited to people with insufficient vitamin D intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mehrdad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jafari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Stenhouse C, Halloran KM, Newton MG, Gaddy D, Suva LJ, Bazer FW. Novel mineral regulatory pathways in ovine pregnancy: II. Calcium-binding proteins, calcium transporters, and vitamin D signaling. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:232-243. [PMID: 33822885 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralization of the fetal mammalian skeleton requires a hypercalcemic gradient across the placenta from mother to fetus. However, the mechanisms responsible for maintaining the placental transport of calcium remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify calcium and vitamin D regulatory pathway components in ovine endometria and placentae across gestation. Suffolk ewes were bred with fertile rams upon detection of estrus (Day 0). On Days 9, 12, 17, 30, 70, 90, 110, and 125 of pregnancy (n=3-14/Day), ewes were euthanized and hysterectomized. Calcium abundance was influenced by gestational day in uterine flushings and allantoic fluid (P<0.05). The expression of S100G, S100A9, S100A12, ATP2B3, ATP2B4, TRPV5, TRPV6, CYP11A1, CYP2R1, CYP24, and VDR mRNAs known to be involved in calcium binding, calcium transport, and vitamin D metabolism were quantified by qPCR. Mediators of calcium and vitamin D signaling were expressed by Day 17 conceptus tissue, and endometria and placentae across gestation. Gestational day influenced the expression of S100G, S100A9, S100A12, TRPV6, VDR, and CYP24 mRNAs in endometria and placentae (P<0.05). Gestational day influenced endometrial expression of ATP2B3, and placental expression of TRPV5, ATP2B4, and CYP11A1 (P<0.05). VDR protein localized to the endoderm and trophectoderm (Day 17 conceptus) and was expressed in endometria and placentae throughout gestation. The observed spatiotemporal profile suggests a potential role of calcium and vitamin D in the establishment of pregnancy and regulation of fetal and placental growth, providing a platform for further mechanistic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Stenhouse
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Makenzie G Newton
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dana Gaddy
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Larry J Suva
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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