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Mussawy H, Viezens L, Hauenherm G, Schroeder M, Schaefer C. In vivo functional and morphological characterization of bone and striated muscle microcirculation in NSG mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183186. [PMID: 28800593 PMCID: PMC5553939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ-specific microcirculation plays a central role in tumor growth, tumor cell homing, tissue engineering, and wound healing. Mouse models are widely used to study these processes; however, these mouse strains often possess unique microhemodynamic parameters, making it difficult to directly compare experiments. The full functional characterization of bone and striated muscle microcirculatory parameters in non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency/y-chain; NOD-Prkds IL2rg (NSG) mice has not yet been reported. Here, we established either a dorsal skinfold chamber or femur window in NSG mice (n = 23), allowing direct analysis of microcirculatory parameters in vivo by intravital fluorescence microscopy at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after chamber preparation. Organ-specific differences were observed. Bone had a significantly lower vessel density but a higher vessel diameter than striated muscle. Bone also showed higher effective vascular permeability than striated muscle. The centerline velocity values were similar in the femur window and dorsal skinfold chamber, with a higher volumetric blood flow in bone. Interestingly, bone and striated muscle showed similar tissue perfusion rates. Knowledge of physiological microhemodynamic values of bone and striated muscle in NSG mice makes it possible to analyze pathophysiological processes at these anatomic sites, such as tumor growth, tumor metastasis, and tumor microcirculation, as well as the response to therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Mussawy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Lennart Viezens
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit Hauenherm
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Schroeder
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Spine Surgery, Klinikum Bad Bramstedt, Bad Bramstedt, Germany
| | - Christian Schaefer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Spine Surgery, Klinikum Bad Bramstedt, Bad Bramstedt, Germany
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52
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Herrera L, Salcedo JM, Santos S, Vesga MÁ, Borrego F, Eguizabal C. OP9 Feeder Cells Are Superior to M2-10B4 Cells for the Generation of Mature and Functional Natural Killer Cells from Umbilical Cord Hematopoietic Progenitors. Front Immunol 2017; 8:755. [PMID: 28713379 PMCID: PMC5491543 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive natural killer (NK) cell therapy relies on the acquisition of large numbers of mature and functional NK cells. An option for future immunotherapy treatments is to use large amounts of NK cells derived and differentiated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mainly because UCB is one of the most accessible HSC sources. In our study, we compared the potential of two stromal cell lines, OP9 and M2-10B4, for in vitro generation of mature and functional CD56+ NK cells from UCB CD34+ HSC. We generated higher number of CD56+ NK cells in the presence of the OP9 cell line than when they were generated in the presence of M2-10B4 cells. Furthermore, higher frequency of CD56+ NK cells was achieved earlier when cultures were performed with the OP9 cells than with the M2-10B4 cells. Additionally, we studied in detail the maturation stages of CD56+ NK cells during the in vitro differentiation process. Our data show that by using both stromal cell lines, CD34+ HSC in vitro differentiated into the terminal stages 4–5 of maturation resembled the in vivo differentiation pattern of human NK cells. Higher frequencies of more mature NK cells were reached earlier by using OP9 cell line than M2-10B4 cells. Alternatively, we observed that our in vitro NK cells expressed similar levels of granzyme B and perforin, and there were no significant differences between cultures performed in the presence of OP9 cell line or M2-10B4 cell line. Likewise, degranulation and cytotoxic activity against K562 target cells were very similar in both culture conditions. The results presented here provide an optimal strategy to generate high numbers of mature and functional NK cells in vitro, and point toward the use of the OP9 stromal cell line to accelerate the culture procedure to obtain them. Furthermore, this method could establish the basis for the generation of mature NK cells ready for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Herrera
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Salcedo
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Silvia Santos
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Vesga
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Research Unit, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain.,Immunopathology Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cristina Eguizabal
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
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53
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Transforming growth factor-β1 regulates the nascent hematopoietic stem cell niche by promoting gluconeogenesis. Leukemia 2017. [PMID: 28642593 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) emergence is important to generate HSCs from pluripotent precursors. However, integrated signaling network that regulates the niche of nascent HSCs remains unclear. Herein, we uncovered a novel role of TGF-β1 in the metabolic niche of HSC emergence using the tgf-β1b-/- zebrafish. Our findings first showed that Tgf-β1 transcripts were enriched in the nascent HSCs. Loss of tgf-β1b caused a decrease of nascent HSCs within the aorta-gonad-mesonephros. Moreover, tgf-β1b+ cells were runx1+ HSCs and underwent an endothelial-to-hematopoietic-transition process. Although the autocrine of Tgf-β1 in HSCs rather than endothelial cells was highly demanded to regulate HSC generation, we found that tgf-β1b promoted HSC emergence through the endothelial c-Jun N-terminal kinase/c-Jun signaling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing data showed that tgf-β1b/c-Jun targeted g6pc3 of FoxO signaling to promote gluconeogenesis and maintain a high glucose level in the niche. Furthermore, loss of tgf-β1b increased the endoplasmic-reticulum stress and oxidative stress by disturbing metabolic homeostasis. Adding a low dose of TGF-β1 protein could promote the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells towards HSCs in vitro. Altogether, our study provided insights into a new feature of TGF-β1 in the regulation of glucose metabolism and nascent HSC niche, which may contribute to therapies of hematological malignancies.
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54
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Tesarova L, Simara P, Stejskal S, Koutna I. Hematopoietic Developmental Potential of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Is Accompanied by the Morphology of Embryoid Bodies and the Expression of Endodermal and Hematopoietic Markers. Cell Reprogram 2017. [PMID: 28632430 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2016.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential clinical applications of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are limited by the difficulty of recapitulating embryoid hematopoiesis and by the unknown differentiation potential of hPSC lines. To evaluate their hematopoietic developmental potential, available hPSC lines were differentiated by an embryoid body (EB) suspension culture in serum-free medium supplemented with three different cytokine mixes (CMs). The hPSC differentiation status was investigated by the flow cytometry expression profiles of cell surface molecules, and the gene expression of pluripotency and differentiation markers over time was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). hPSC lines differed in several aspects of the differentiation process, including the absolute yield of hematopoietic progenitors, the proportion of hematopoietic progenitor populations, and the effect of various CMs. The ability to generate hematopoietic progenitors was then associated with the morphology of the developing EBs, the expression of the endodermal markers AFP and SOX17, and the hematopoietic transcription factor RUNX1. These findings deepen the knowledge about the hematopoietic propensity of hPSCs and identify its variability as an aspect that must be taken into account before the usage of hPSC-derived HSCs in downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Tesarova
- 1 Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis, Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic .,2 International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Simara
- 1 Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis, Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic .,2 International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Stejskal
- 1 Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis, Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Koutna
- 1 Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis, Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic .,2 International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno, Czech Republic
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55
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Rahman N, Brauer PM, Ho L, Usenko T, Tewary M, Zúñiga-Pflücker JC, Zandstra PW. Engineering the haemogenic niche mitigates endogenous inhibitory signals and controls pluripotent stem cell-derived blood emergence. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15380. [PMID: 28541275 PMCID: PMC5477512 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to recapitulate haematopoiesis, a process guided by spatial and temporal inductive signals, to generate haematopoietic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have focused primarily on exogenous signalling pathway activation or inhibition. Here we show haemogenic niches can be engineered using microfabrication strategies by micropatterning hPSC-derived haemogenic endothelial (HE) cells into spatially-organized, size-controlled colonies. CD34+VECAD+ HE cells were generated with multi-lineage potential in serum-free conditions and cultured as size-specific haemogenic niches that displayed enhanced blood cell induction over non-micropatterned cultures. Intra-colony analysis revealed radial organization of CD34 and VECAD expression levels, with CD45+ blood cells emerging primarily from the colony centroid area. We identify the induced interferon gamma protein (IP-10)/p-38 MAPK signalling pathway as the mechanism for haematopoietic inhibition in our culture system. Our results highlight the role of spatial organization in hPSC-derived blood generation, and provide a quantitative platform for interrogating molecular pathways that regulate human haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafees Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3ES
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
| | - Patrick M. Brauer
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5
| | - Lilian Ho
- Life Sciences (Biochemistry), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Tatiana Usenko
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
| | - Mukul Tewary
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
- Collaborative Program in Developmental Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E1
| | - Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
- Medicine by Design, a Canada First Research Excellence Program at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
| | - Peter W. Zandstra
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3ES
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
- Medicine by Design, a Canada First Research Excellence Program at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E1
- Collaborative Program in Developmental Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E1
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56
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Lee J, Dykstra B, Spencer JA, Kenney LL, Greiner DL, Shultz LD, Brehm MA, Lin CP, Sackstein R, Rossi DJ. mRNA-mediated glycoengineering ameliorates deficient homing of human stem cell-derived hematopoietic progenitors. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2433-2437. [PMID: 28481220 DOI: 10.1172/jci92030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Generation of functional hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has been a long-sought-after goal for use in hematopoietic cell production, disease modeling, and eventually transplantation medicine. Homing of HSPCs from bloodstream to bone marrow (BM) is an important aspect of HSPC biology that has remained unaddressed in efforts to derive functional HSPCs from human PSCs. We have therefore examined the BM homing properties of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived HSPCs (hiPS-HSPCs). We found that they express molecular effectors of BM extravasation, such as the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and the integrin dimer VLA-4, but lack expression of E-selectin ligands that program HSPC trafficking to BM. To overcome this deficiency, we expressed human fucosyltransferase 6 using modified mRNA. Expression of fucosyltransferase 6 resulted in marked increases in levels of cell surface E-selectin ligands. The glycoengineered cells exhibited enhanced tethering and rolling interactions on E-selectin-bearing endothelium under flow conditions in vitro as well as increased BM trafficking and extravasation when transplanted into mice. However, glycoengineered hiPS-HSPCs did not engraft long-term, indicating that additional functional deficiencies exist in these cells. Our results suggest that strategies toward increasing E-selectin ligand expression could be applicable as part of a multifaceted approach to optimize the production of HSPCs from human PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Lee
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brad Dykstra
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and.,Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel A Spencer
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, and.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laurie L Kenney
- The University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dale L Greiner
- The University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Michael A Brehm
- The University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles P Lin
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, and
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and.,Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Derrick J Rossi
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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57
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Elbadry MI, Espinoza JL, Nakao S. Induced pluripotent stem cell technology: A window for studying the pathogenesis of acquired aplastic anemia and possible applications. Exp Hematol 2017; 49:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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58
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Kim SJ, Jung JW, Ha HY, Koo SK, Kim EG, Kim JH. Generation of hematopoietic stem cells from human embryonic stem cells using a defined, stepwise, serum-free, and serum replacement-free monolayer culture method. Blood Res 2017; 52:37-43. [PMID: 28401100 PMCID: PMC5383586 DOI: 10.5045/br.2017.52.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be expanded infinitely in vitro and have the potential to differentiate into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs); thus, they are considered a useful source of cells for HSC production. Although several technical in vitro methods for engineering HSCs from pluripotent stem cells have been developed, clinical application of HSCs engineered from pluripotent stem cells is restricted because of the possibility of xenogeneic contamination resulting from the use of murine materials. Methods Human ESCs (CHA-hES15) were cultured on growth factor-reduced Matrigel-coated dishes in the mTeSR1 serum-free medium. When the cells were 70% confluent, we initiated HSC differentiation by three methods involving (1) knockout serum replacement (KSR), cytokines, TGFb1, EPO, and FLT3L; (2) KSR, cytokines, and bFGF; or (3) cytokines and bFGF. Results Among the three differentiation methods, the minimal number of cytokines without KSR resulted in the greatest production of HSCs. The optimized method resulted in a higher proportion of CD34+CD43+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and CD34+CD45+ HPCs compared to the other methods. In addition, the HSCs showed the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages of hematopoietic cells in vitro. Conclusion In this study, we optimized a two-step, serum-free, animal protein-free, KSR-free, feeder-free, chemically defined monolayer culture method for generation of HSCs and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from human ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Jung Kim
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health and Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea.; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Jung
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health and Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hye-Yeong Ha
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health and Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Koo
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health and Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health and Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
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59
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Li X, Xia C, Wang T, Liu L, Zhao Q, Yang D, Hu F, Zhang M, Huang K, Geng Y, Zheng Y, Guan Y, Wu H, Chen X, Pan G, Chen J, Du J, Wang J. Pyrimidoindole derivative UM171 enhances derivation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2017; 21:32-39. [PMID: 28368243 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of hematopoietic regeneration, deriving hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from pluripotent stem cells with engraftment potential is the central mission. Unstable hematopoietic differentiation protocol due to variation factors such as serums and feeder cells, remains a major technical issue impeding the screening of key factors for the derivation of HSCs. In combination with hematopoietic cytokines, UM171 has the capacity to facilitate the maintenance and expansion of human primary HSCs in vitro. Here, using a serum-free, feeder-free, and chemically defined induction protocol, we observed that UM171 enhanced hematopoietic derivation through the entire process of hematopoietic induction in vitro. UM171 facilitated generation of robust CD34+CD45+ derivatives that formed more and larger sized CFU-GM as well as larger sized CFU-Mix. In our protocol, the derived hematopoietic progenitors failed to engraft in NOG mice, indicating the absence of long-term HSC from these progenitors. In combination with other factors and protocols, UM171 might be broadly used for hematopoietic derivation from human pluripotent stem cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejia Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chengxiang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Tongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Qianhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Dan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Fangxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Mengyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Ke Huang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Yang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Yuxian Guan
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Hongling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Guangjin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Jiekai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Juan Du
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Shen J, Wang ZY, Cheng T. [Generation of engraftable hematopoietic stem cells from human pluripotent stem cells]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2017; 38:257-260. [PMID: 28395456 PMCID: PMC7348385 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Disease Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China
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Nishimura T, Hatoya S, Kanegi R, Wijesekera DPH, Sanno K, Tanaka E, Sugiura K, Hiromitsu Tamada NK, Imai H, Inaba T. Feeder-independent canine induced pluripotent stem cells maintained under serum-free conditions. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:329-339. [PMID: 28240438 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Canine induced pluripotent stem cells (ciPSCs) are an attractive source for regenerative veterinary medicine, and may also serve as a disease model for human regenerative medicine. Extending the application of ciPSCs from bench to bedside, however, requires resolving many issues. We generated ciPSCs expressing doxycycline-inducible murine Oct3/4 (Pou5f1), Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, which were introduced using lentiviral vectors. The resultant ciPSCs required doxycycline to proliferate in the undifferentiated state. Those ciPSC colonies exhibiting basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-dependent proliferation were dissociated into single cells for passaging, and were maintained on a Matrigel-coated dish without feeder cells in a serum-free medium. The established ciPSCs had the ability to differentiate into three germ layers, via formation of embryoid bodies, as well as into cells expressing the same markers as mesenchymal stem cells. These ciPSCs may thus serve as a suitable source of pluripotent stem cell lines for regenerative veterinary medicine, with fewer concerns of contamination from unknown animal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Nishimura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kanegi
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Kousuke Sanno
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Erina Tanaka
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kikuya Sugiura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Imai
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshio Inaba
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
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Application of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology to the Study of Hematological Diseases. Cells 2017; 6:cells6010007. [PMID: 28282903 PMCID: PMC5371872 DOI: 10.3390/cells6010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The burst of reprogramming technology in recent years has revolutionized the field of stem cell biology, offering new opportunities for personalized, regenerative therapies. The direct reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has provided an invaluable tool to study and model a wide range of human diseases. Here, we review the transforming potential of such a strategy in research and in therapies applicable to the hematology field.
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63
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García-Domínguez X, Vicente JS, Vera-Donoso CD, Marco-Jimenez F. Current Bioengineering and Regenerative Strategies for the Generation of Kidney Grafts on Demand. Curr Urol Rep 2017; 18:2. [PMID: 28092070 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-017-0650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Currently in the USA, one name is added to the organ transplant waiting list every 15 min. As this list grows rapidly, fewer than one-third of waiting patients can receive matched organs from donors. Unfortunately, many patients who require a transplant have to wait for long periods of time, and many of them die before receiving the desired organ. In the USA alone, over 100,000 patients are waiting for a kidney transplant. However, it is a problem that affects around 6% of the word population. Therefore, seeking alternative solutions to this problem is an urgent work. Here, we review the current promising regenerative technologies for kidney function replacement. Despite many approaches being applied in the different ways outlined in this work, obtaining an organ capable of performing complex functions such as osmoregulation, excretion or hormone synthesis is still a long-term goal. However, in the future, the efforts in these areas may eliminate the long waiting list for kidney transplants, providing a definitive solution for patients with end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximo García-Domínguez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose S Vicente
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cesar D Vera-Donoso
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avinguda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Marco-Jimenez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Giorgetti A, Castaño J, Bueno C, Díaz de la Guardia R, Delgado M, Bigas A, Espinosa L, Menendez P. Proinflammatory signals are insufficient to drive definitive hematopoietic specification of human HSCs in vitro. Exp Hematol 2017; 45:85-93.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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65
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Gene and Cell Therapy for β-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs): The Next Frontier. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1013:219-240. [PMID: 29127683 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7299-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, breakthroughs in human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) research, namely cellular reprogramming and the emergence of sophisticated genetic engineering technologies, have opened new frontiers for cell and gene therapy. The prospect of using hPSCs, either autologous or histocompatible, as targets of genetic modification and their differentiated progeny as cell products for transplantation, presents a new paradigm of regenerative medicine of potential tremendous value for the treatment of blood disorders, including beta-thalassemia (BT) and sickle cell disease (SCD). Despite advances at a remarkable pace and great promise, many roadblocks remain before clinical translation can be realistically considered. Here we discuss the theoretical advantages of cell therapies utilizing hPSC derivatives, recent proof-of-principle studies and the main challenges towards realizing the potential of hPSC therapies in the clinic.
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66
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Adam S, Melguizo Sanchis D, El-Kamah G, Samarasinghe S, Alharthi S, Armstrong L, Lako M. Concise Review: Getting to the Core of Inherited Bone Marrow Failures. Stem Cells 2016; 35:284-298. [PMID: 27870251 PMCID: PMC5299470 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS) are a group of disorders with complex pathophysiology characterized by a common phenotype of peripheral cytopenia and/or hypoplastic bone marrow. Understanding genetic factors contributing to the pathophysiology of BMFS has enabled the identification of causative genes and development of diagnostic tests. To date more than 40 mutations in genes involved in maintenance of genomic stability, DNA repair, ribosome and telomere biology have been identified. In addition, pathophysiological studies have provided insights into several biological pathways leading to the characterization of genotype/phenotype correlations as well as the development of diagnostic approaches and management strategies. Recent developments in bone marrow transplant techniques and the choice of conditioning regimens have helped improve transplant outcomes. However, current morbidity and mortality remain unacceptable underlining the need for further research in this area. Studies in mice have largely been unable to mimic disease phenotype in humans due to difficulties in fully replicating the human mutations and the differences between mouse and human cells with regard to telomere length regulation, processing of reactive oxygen species and lifespan. Recent advances in induced pluripotency have provided novel insights into disease pathogenesis and have generated excellent platforms for identifying signaling pathways and functional mapping of haplo‐insufficient genes involved in large‐scale chromosomal deletions–associated disorders. In this review, we have summarized the current state of knowledge in the field of BMFS with specific focus on modeling the inherited forms and how to best utilize these models for the development of targeted therapies. Stem Cells2017;35:284–298
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheir Adam
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Hematology Department, Medical School, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | | | - Ghada El-Kamah
- Division of Human Genetics & Genome Research, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sujith Samarasinghe
- Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sameer Alharthi
- Princess Al Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, KSA
| | - Lyle Armstrong
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Majlinda Lako
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
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Schrimpf C, Wrede C, Glage S, Hegermann J, Backhaus S, Blasczyk R, Heuft HG, Müller T. Differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neutrophil granulocytes from common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). Transfusion 2016; 57:60-69. [PMID: 27888517 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited and acquired marrow failure syndromes most commonly lead to defect in myeloid and/or neutrophil differentiation and/or function. Besides this, neutropenia induced by cancer-adjusted chemotherapy is a frequent clinical problem. In both cases, cell replacement therapy is a well-established, but due to necessity of donors limited and perilous procedure. Therefore, autologous cell replacement from patients' own marrow-derived cells lowers risk and bares new possibilities for therapy. Since the immune system of the marmoset monkey is known to show high similarity to humans, preclinical studies with these animals bare high hopes for immunologic research and cell replacement therapy. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Marmoset-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells (cj-iPSC) were first cultivated on mouse embryonic feeder cells in medium containing recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor. After 13 days, CD34+/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2)- cells were sorted, treated with interleukin (IL-3), thrombopoietin, and stem cell factor for 20 days and further cultivated with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and IL-3 for 10 days. RESULTS CD34+/VEGFR2- cells could be generated in high amounts (39.65 ± 6.01%; 2.31 × 105 cells). Afterward, these hematopoietic progenitors could be successfully differentiated into mature cj-iPSC-derived neutrophils showing similar morphology, specific surface antigens, and neutrophil-specific gene products and in vitro phagocytic activity. CONCLUSION cj-iPSC-derived neutrophils bare high hopes in hematologic cell replacement therapy. They exhibit high morphologic similarity to native neutrophils and present neutrophil-specific surface antigens, antimicrobial proteins, and gene products yielding an auspicious approach for continuative experiments including tests in living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Samantha Backhaus
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover
| | - Hans-Gert Heuft
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany.,Synlab Medical Care Centre Weiden Ltd, Weiden, Germany
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68
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Ditadi A, Sturgeon CM, Keller G. A view of human haematopoietic development from the Petri dish. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2016; 18:56-67. [PMID: 27876786 DOI: 10.1038/nrm.2016.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide an unparalleled opportunity to establish in vitro differentiation models that will transform our approach to the study of human development. In the case of the blood system, these models will enable investigation of the earliest stages of human embryonic haematopoiesis that was previously not possible. In addition, they will provide platforms for studying the origins of human blood cell diseases and for generating de novo haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations for cell-based regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ditadi
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Christopher M Sturgeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Gordon Keller
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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69
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Lent-On-Plus Lentiviral vectors for conditional expression in human stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37289. [PMID: 27853296 PMCID: PMC5112523 DOI: 10.1038/srep37289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditional transgene expression in human stem cells has been difficult to achieve due to the low efficiency of existing delivery methods, the strong silencing of the transgenes and the toxicity of the regulators. Most of the existing technologies are based on stem cells clones expressing appropriate levels of tTA or rtTA transactivators (based on the TetR-VP16 chimeras). In the present study, we aim the generation of Tet-On all-in-one lentiviral vectors (LVs) that tightly regulate transgene expression in human stem cells using the original TetR repressor. By using appropriate promoter combinations and shielding the LVs with the Is2 insulator, we have constructed the Lent-On-Plus Tet-On system that achieved efficient transgene regulation in human multipotent and pluripotent stem cells. The generation of inducible stem cell lines with the Lent-ON-Plus LVs did not require selection or cloning, and transgene regulation was maintained after long-term cultured and upon differentiation toward different lineages. To our knowledge, Lent-On-Plus is the first all-in-one vector system that tightly regulates transgene expression in bulk populations of human pluripotent stem cells and its progeny.
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70
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Wahlster L, Daley GQ. Progress towards generation of human haematopoietic stem cells. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:1111-1117. [PMID: 27723718 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
De novo generation of haematopoietic stem cells from different human pluripotent stem cell sources remains a high priority for haematology and regenerative medicine. At present, efficient derivation of functional haematopoietic stem cells with the capability for definitive in vivo engraftment and multi-lineage potential remains challenging. Here, we discuss recent progress and strategies to overcome obstacles that have thwarted past efforts. In addition, we review promising advances in the generation of mature blood lineages and the potential of induced pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Wahlster
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts, USA; in the Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts, USA; and at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts, USA.,Department of General Pediatrics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120 Germany
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts, USA; in the Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts, USA; and at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts, USA
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71
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Batta K, Menegatti S, Garcia-Alegria E, Florkowska M, Lacaud G, Kouskoff V. Concise Review: Recent Advances in the In Vitro Derivation of Blood Cell Populations. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1330-1337. [PMID: 27388244 PMCID: PMC5031184 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
: Hematopoietic cell-based therapies are currently available treatment options for many hematological and nonhematological disorders. However, the scarcity of allogeneic donor-derived cells is a major hurdle in treating these disorders. Embryonic stem cell-based directed differentiation and direct reprogramming of somatic cells provide excellent tools for the potential generation of hematopoietic stem cells usable in the clinic for cellular therapies. In addition to blood stem cell transplantation, mature blood cells such as red blood cells, platelets, and engineered T cells have also been increasingly used to treat several diseases. Besides cellular therapies, induced blood progenitor cells generated from autologous sources (either induced pluripotent stem cells or somatic cells) can be useful for disease modeling of bone marrow failures and acquired blood disorders. However, although great progress has been made toward these goals, we are still far from the use of in vitro-derived blood products in the clinic. We review the current state of knowledge on the directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells and the reprogramming of somatic cells toward the generation of blood stem cells and derivatives. SIGNIFICANCE Hematopoietic cell-based therapies are currently available treatment options for many hematological and nonhematological disorders. However, the scarcity of allogeneic donor-derived cells is a major hurdle in treating these disorders. The current state of knowledge on the directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells and the reprogramming of somatic cells toward the generation of blood stem cells and derivatives is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Batta
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Menegatti
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Haematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Garcia-Alegria
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Haematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Florkowska
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Georges Lacaud
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie Kouskoff
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Haematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Xu Y, Shan W, Li X, Wang B, Liu S, Wang Y, Long Y, Tie R, Wang L, Cai S, Zhang H, Lin Y, Zhang M, Zheng W, Luo Y, Yu X, Yee JK, Ji J, Huang H. A synthetic three-dimensional niche system facilitates generation of functional hematopoietic cells from human-induced pluripotent stem cells. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:102. [PMID: 27686241 PMCID: PMC5043527 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The efficient generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds great promise in personalized transplantation therapies. However, the derivation of functional and transplantable HSCs from iPSCs has had very limited success thus far. Methods We developed a synthetic 3D hematopoietic niche system comprising nanofibers seeded with bone marrow (BM)-derived stromal cells and growth factors to induce functional hematopoietic cells from human iPSCs in vitro. Results Approximately 70 % of human CD34+ hematopoietic cells accompanied with CD43+ progenitor cells could be derived from this 3D induction system. Colony-forming-unit (CFU) assay showed that iPSC-derived CD34+ cells formed all types of hematopoietic colonies including CFU-GEMM. TAL-1 and MIXL1, critical transcription factors associated with hematopoietic development, were expressed during the differentiation process. Furthermore, iPSC-derived hematopoietic cells gave rise to both lymphoid and myeloid lineages in the recipient NOD/SCID mice after transplantation. Conclusions Our study underscores the importance of a synthetic 3D niche system for the derivation of transplantable hematopoietic cells from human iPSCs in vitro thereby establishing a foundation towards utilization of human iPSC-derived HSCs for transplantation therapies in the clinic. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0326-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Wei Shan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Xia Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Binsheng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Senquan Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yebo Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yan Long
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Ruxiu Tie
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Limengmeng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Shuyang Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Weiyan Zheng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jiing-Kuan Yee
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Junfeng Ji
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Ou Z, Niu X, He W, Chen Y, Song B, Xian Y, Fan D, Tang D, Sun X. The Combination of CRISPR/Cas9 and iPSC Technologies in the Gene Therapy of Human β-thalassemia in Mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32463. [PMID: 27581487 PMCID: PMC5007518 DOI: 10.1038/srep32463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemia results from point mutations or small deletions in the β-globin (HBB) gene that ultimately cause anemia. The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the somatic cells of patients in combination with subsequent homologous recombination-based gene correction provides new approaches to cure this disease. CRISPR/Cas9 is a genome editing tool that is creating a buzz in the scientific community for treating human diseases, especially genetic disorders. Here, we reported that correction of β-thalassemia mutations in patient-specific iPSCs using the CRISPR/Cas9 tool promotes hematopoietic differentiation in vivo. CRISPR/Cas9-corrected iPSC-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were injected into sublethally-irradiated NOD-scid-IL2Rg−/− (NSI) mice. HBB expression was observed in these HSCs after hematopoietic differentiation in the NSI mice. Importantly, no tumor was found in the livers, lungs, kidneys, or bone marrow at 10 weeks in the NSI mice after implantation with these HSCs. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that CRISPR/Cas9 successfully corrects β-thalassemia mutations in patient-specific iPSCs. These CRISPR/Cas9-corrected iPSC-derived HSCs express normal HBB in mice without tumorigenic potential, suggesting a safe strategy for personalized treatment of β-thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhui Ou
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Xiaohua Niu
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Wenyin He
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Yuchang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Bing Song
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Yexing Xian
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Di Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Center for DAMP Biology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
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Xie Y, Bai H, Liu Y, Hoyle DL, Cheng T, Wang ZZ. Cooperative Effect of Erythropoietin and TGF-β Inhibition on Erythroid Development in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2735-43. [PMID: 26012423 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Patient-specific human induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent important cell sources to treat patients with acquired blood disorders. To realize the therapeutic potential of hiPSCs, it is crucial to understand signals that direct hiPSC differentiation to a hematopoietic lineage fate. Our previous study demonstrated that CD34(+)CD31(+) cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) contain hemato-endothelial progenitors (HEPs) that give rise to hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. Here, we established a serum-free and feeder-free system to induce the differentiation of hPSC-derived CD34(+)CD31(+) progenitor cells to erythroid cells. We show that extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins promote the differentiation of CD34(+)CD31(+) progenitor cells into CD235a(+) erythroid cells through CD41(+)CD235a(+) megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEP). Erythropoietin (EPO) is a predominant factor for CD34(+)CD31(+) progenitor differentiation to erythroid cells, whereas transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) inhibits the development of CD34(+)CD31(+) progenitor cells. Apoptosis of progenitor cells is induced by TGF-β in early erythroid differentiation. Suppression of TGF-β signaling by SB431542 at early stage of CD34(+)CD31(+) progenitor differentiation induces the erythroid cell generation. Together, these findings suggest that TGF-β suppression and EPO stimulation promote erythropoiesis of CD34(+)CD31(+) progenitor cells derived from hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinliang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
| | - Dixie L Hoyle
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zack Z Wang
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
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75
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Ruf F, Schreck C, Wagner A, Grziwok S, Pagel C, Romero S, Kieslinger M, Shimono A, Peschel C, Götze KS, Istvanffy R, Oostendorp RAJ. Loss of Sfrp2 in the Niche Amplifies Stress-Induced Cellular Responses, and Impairs the In Vivo Regeneration of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Pool. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2381-92. [PMID: 27299503 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sfrp2 is overexpressed in stromal cells which maintain hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during in vitro culture. We here showed, that coculture of hematopoetic cells with stromal cells with reduced expression of Sfrp2 increases the number lineage-negative Kit(+) Sca-1(+) (LSK) and progenitor cells in vitro. The LSK cells from these cocultures showed activation of canonical Wnt signaling, higher levels of Ki-67, BrdU incorporation, and the number of γH2A.X positive foci. Total repopulating activity of these cultures was, however, diminished, indicating loss of HSC. To extend these in vitro data, we modelled stress in vivo, i.e., by aging, or 5-FU treatment in Sfrp2(-) (/) (-) mice, or replicative stress in regeneration of HSCs in Sfrp2(-) (/) (-) recipients. In all three in vivo stress situations, we noted an increase of LSK cells, characterized by increased levels of β-catenin and cyclin D1. In the transplantation experiments, the increase in LSK cells in primary recipients was subsequently associated with a progressive loss of HSCs in serial transplantations. Similar to the in vitro coculture stress, in vivo genotoxic stress in 5-FU-treated Sfrp2(-) (/) (-) mice increased cell cycle activity of LSK cells with higher levels of BrdU incorporation, increased expression of Ki-67, and canonical Wnt signaling. Importantly, as noted in vitro, increased cycling of LSKs in vivo was accompanied by a defective γH2A.X-dependent DNA damage response and depolarized localization of acetylated H4K16. Our experiments support the view that Sfrp2 expression in the niche is required to maintain the HSC pool by limiting stress-induced DNA damage and attenuating canonical Wnt-mediated HSC activation. Stem Cells 2016;34:2381-2392.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ruf
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Schreck
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alina Wagner
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Grziwok
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Charlotta Pagel
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Romero
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Kieslinger
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Akihiko Shimono
- RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Christian Peschel
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina S Götze
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rouzanna Istvanffy
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert A J Oostendorp
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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76
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Easterbrook J, Fidanza A, Forrester LM. Concise review: programming human pluripotent stem cells into blood. Br J Haematol 2016; 173:671-9. [PMID: 26996518 PMCID: PMC4914896 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Blood disorders are treated with cell therapies including haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation as well as platelet and red blood cell transfusions. However the source of cells is entirely dependent on donors, procedures are susceptible to transfusion-transmitted infections and serious complications can arise in recipients due to immunological incompatibility. These problems could be alleviated if it was possible to produce haematopoietic cells in vitro from an autologous and renewable cell source. The production of haematopoietic cells in the laboratory from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may provide a route to realize this goal but it has proven challenging to generate long-term reconstituting HSCs. To date, the optimization of differentiation protocols has mostly relied on the manipulation of extrinsic signals to mimic the in vivo environment. We review studies that have taken an alternative approach to modulate intrinsic signals by enforced expression of transcription factors. Single and combinations of multiple transcription factors have been used in a variety of contexts to enhance the production of haematopoietic cells from human pluripotent stem cells. This programming approach, together with the recent advances in the production and use of synthetic transcription factors, holds great promise for the production of fully functional HSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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77
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Lan T, Wang L, Xu L, Jin N, Yan G, Xia J, Wang H, Zhuang G, Gao C, Meng L, Du F, Zhou Q, Qi Z. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Can Effectively Differentiate into Multiple Functional Lymphocyte Lineages In Vivo with Negligible Bias. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:462-71. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Lan
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Libin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ning Jin
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guoliang Yan
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Junjie Xia
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guohong Zhuang
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Luxi Meng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Feifei Du
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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78
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Donor Dependent Variations in Hematopoietic Differentiation among Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149291. [PMID: 26938212 PMCID: PMC4777368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis generated from human embryonic stem cells (ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) are unprecedented resources for cell therapy. We compared hematopoietic differentiation potentials from ES and iPS cell lines originated from various donors and derived them using integrative and non-integrative vectors. Significant differences in differentiation toward hematopoietic lineage were observed among ES and iPS. The ability of engraftment of iPS or ES-derived cells in NOG mice varied among the lines with low levels of chimerism. iPS generated from ES cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) reproduce a similar hematopoietic outcome compared to their parental ES cell line. We were not able to identify any specific hematopoietic transcription factors that allow to distinguish between good versus poor hematopoiesis in undifferentiated ES or iPS cell lines. There is a relatively unpredictable variation in hematopoietic differentiation between ES and iPS cell lines that could not be predicted based on phenotype or gene expression of the undifferentiated cells. These results demonstrate the influence of genetic background in variation of hematopoietic potential rather than the reprogramming process.
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79
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Sweeney CL, Teng R, Wang H, Merling RK, Lee J, Choi U, Koontz S, Wright DG, Malech HL. Molecular Analysis of Neutrophil Differentiation from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Delineates the Kinetics of Key Regulators of Hematopoiesis. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1513-26. [PMID: 26866427 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In vitro generation of mature neutrophils from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) requires hematopoietic progenitor development followed by myeloid differentiation. The purpose of our studies was to extensively characterize this process, focusing on the critical window of development between hemogenic endothelium, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), and myeloid commitment, to identify associated regulators and markers that might enable the stem cell field to improve the efficiency and efficacy of iPSC hematopoiesis. We utilized a four-stage differentiation protocol involving: embryoid body (EB) formation (stage-1); EB culture with hematopoietic cytokines (stage-2); HSPC expansion (stage-3); and neutrophil maturation (stage-4). CD34(+) CD45(-) putative hemogenic endothelial cells were observed in stage-3 cultures, and expressed VEGFR-2/Flk-1/KDR and VE-cadherin endothelial markers, GATA-2, AML1/RUNX1, and SCL/TAL1 transcription factors, and endothelial/HSPC-associated microRNAs miR-24, miR-125a-3p, miR-126/126*, and miR-155. Upon further culture, CD34(+) CD45(-) cells generated CD34(+) CD45(+) HSPCs that produced hematopoietic CFUs. Mid-stage-3 CD34(+) CD45(+) HSPCs exhibited increased expression of GATA-2, AML1/RUNX1, SCL/TAL1, C/EBPα, and PU.1 transcription factors, but exhibited decreased expression of HSPC-associated microRNAs, and failed to engraft in immune-deficient mice. Mid-stage-3 CD34(-) CD45(+) cells maintained PU.1 expression and exhibited increased expression of hematopoiesis-associated miR-142-3p/5p and a trend towards increased miR-223 expression, indicating myeloid commitment. By late Stage-4, increased CD15, CD16b, and C/EBPɛ expression were observed, with 25%-65% of cells exhibiting morphology and functions of mature neutrophils. These studies demonstrate that hematopoiesis and neutrophil differentiation from human iPSCs recapitulates many features of embryonic hematopoiesis and neutrophil production in marrow, but reveals unexpected molecular signatures that may serve as a guide for enhancing iPSC hematopoiesis. Stem Cells 2016;34:1513-1526.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin L Sweeney
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ruifeng Teng
- The Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Randall K Merling
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Janet Lee
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Uimook Choi
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sherry Koontz
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel G Wright
- The Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Harry L Malech
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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80
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Progress and obstacles towards generating hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent stem cells. Curr Opin Hematol 2016; 22:317-23. [PMID: 26049752 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the potential to provide an inexhaustible source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that could be used in disease modeling and in clinical applications such as transplantation. Although the goal of deriving definitive HSCs from PSCs has not been achieved, recent studies indicate that progress is being made. This review will provide information on the current status of deriving HSCs from PSCs, and will highlight existing challenges and obstacles. RECENT FINDINGS Recent strides in HSC generation from PSCs has included derivation of developmental intermediates, identification of transcription factors and small molecules that support hematopoietic derivation, and the development of strategies to recapitulate niche-like conditions. SUMMARY Despite considerable progress in defining the molecular events driving derivation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from PSCs, the generation of robust transplantable HSCs from PSCs remains elusive. We propose that this goal can be facilitated by better understanding of the regulatory pathways governing HSC identity, development of HSC supportive conditions, and examining the marrow homing properties of PSC-derived HSCs.
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81
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Engert A, Balduini C, Brand A, Coiffier B, Cordonnier C, Döhner H, de Wit TD, Eichinger S, Fibbe W, Green T, de Haas F, Iolascon A, Jaffredo T, Rodeghiero F, Salles G, Schuringa JJ. The European Hematology Association Roadmap for European Hematology Research: a consensus document. Haematologica 2016; 101:115-208. [PMID: 26819058 PMCID: PMC4938336 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.136739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The European Hematology Association (EHA) Roadmap for European Hematology Research highlights major achievements in diagnosis and treatment of blood disorders and identifies the greatest unmet clinical and scientific needs in those areas to enable better funded, more focused European hematology research. Initiated by the EHA, around 300 experts contributed to the consensus document, which will help European policy makers, research funders, research organizations, researchers, and patient groups make better informed decisions on hematology research. It also aims to raise public awareness of the burden of blood disorders on European society, which purely in economic terms is estimated at €23 billion per year, a level of cost that is not matched in current European hematology research funding. In recent decades, hematology research has improved our fundamental understanding of the biology of blood disorders, and has improved diagnostics and treatments, sometimes in revolutionary ways. This progress highlights the potential of focused basic research programs such as this EHA Roadmap.The EHA Roadmap identifies nine 'sections' in hematology: normal hematopoiesis, malignant lymphoid and myeloid diseases, anemias and related diseases, platelet disorders, blood coagulation and hemostatic disorders, transfusion medicine, infections in hematology, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These sections span 60 smaller groups of diseases or disorders.The EHA Roadmap identifies priorities and needs across the field of hematology, including those to develop targeted therapies based on genomic profiling and chemical biology, to eradicate minimal residual malignant disease, and to develop cellular immunotherapies, combination treatments, gene therapies, hematopoietic stem cell treatments, and treatments that are better tolerated by elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anneke Brand
- Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Willem Fibbe
- Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tony Green
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, United Kingdom
| | - Fleur de Haas
- European Hematology Association, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Gilles Salles
- Hospices Civils de Lyon/Université de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
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82
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Chen T, Wang F, Wu M, Wang ZZ. Development of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1179-89. [PMID: 25740540 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), provide a new cell source for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug discovery, and preclinical toxicity screening. Understanding of the onset and the sequential process of hematopoietic cells from differentiated hPSCs will enable the achievement of personalized medicine and provide an in vitro platform for studying of human hematopoietic development and disease. During embryogenesis, hemogenic endothelial cells, a specified subset of endothelial cells in embryonic endothelium, are the primary source of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells. In this review, we discuss current status in the generation of multipotent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from hPSCs via hemogenic endothelial cells. We also review the achievements in direct reprogramming from non-hematopoietic cells to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Further characterization of hematopoietic differentiation in hPSCs will improve our understanding of blood development and expedite the development of hPSC-derived blood products for therapeutic purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyao Wu
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zack Z Wang
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
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83
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Ferrell PI, Xi J, Ma C, Adlakha M, Kaufman DS. The RUNX1 +24 enhancer and P1 promoter identify a unique subpopulation of hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1130-41. [PMID: 25546363 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Derivation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human pluripotent stem cells remains a key goal for the fields of developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Here, we use a novel genetic reporter system to prospectively identify and isolate early hematopoietic cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs). Cloning the human RUNX1c P1 promoter and +24 enhancer to drive expression of tdTomato (tdTom) in hESCs and iPSCs, we demonstrate that tdTom expression faithfully enriches for RUNX1c-expressing hematopoietic progenitor cells. Time-lapse microscopy demonstrated the tdTom(+) hematopoietic cells to emerge from adherent cells. Furthermore, inhibition of primitive hematopoiesis by blocking Activin/Nodal signaling promoted the expansion and/or survival of the tdTom(+) population. Notably, RUNX1c/tdTom(+) cells represent only a limited subpopulation of the CD34(+) CD45(+) and CD34(+) CD43(+) cells with a unique genetic signature. Using gene array analysis, we find significantly lower expression of Let-7 and mir181a microRNAs in the RUNX1c/tdTom(+) cell population. These phenotypic and genetic analyses comparing the RUNX1c/tdTom(+) population to CD34(+) CD45(+) umbilical cord blood and fetal liver demonstrate several key differences that likely impact the development of HSCs capable of long-term multilineage engraftment from hESCs and iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick I Ferrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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84
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Thambyrajah R, Mazan M, Patel R, Moignard V, Stefanska M, Marinopoulou E, Li Y, Lancrin C, Clapes T, Möröy T, Robin C, Miller C, Cowley S, Göttgens B, Kouskoff V, Lacaud G. GFI1 proteins orchestrate the emergence of haematopoietic stem cells through recruitment of LSD1. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:21-32. [PMID: 26619147 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, the first haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with multi-lineage and long-term repopulating potential arise in the AGM (aorta-gonad-mesonephros) region. These HSCs are generated from a rare and transient subset of endothelial cells, called haemogenic endothelium (HE), through an endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT). Here, we establish the absolute requirement of the transcriptional repressors GFI1 and GFI1B (growth factor independence 1 and 1B) in this unique trans-differentiation process. We first demonstrate that Gfi1 expression specifically defines the rare population of HE that generates emerging HSCs. We further establish that in the absence of GFI1 proteins, HSCs and haematopoietic progenitor cells are not produced in the AGM, revealing the critical requirement for GFI1 proteins in intra-embryonic EHT. Finally, we demonstrate that GFI1 proteins recruit the chromatin-modifying protein LSD1, a member of the CoREST repressive complex, to epigenetically silence the endothelial program in HE and allow the emergence of blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshana Thambyrajah
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Milena Mazan
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Rahima Patel
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Victoria Moignard
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research &Wellcome Trust and MRC Stem Cell Institute, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Monika Stefanska
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Elli Marinopoulou
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Yaoyong Li
- CRUK Computational Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Christophe Lancrin
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Mouse Biology Unit, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Thomas Clapes
- Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tarik Möröy
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Catherine Robin
- Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Crispin Miller
- CRUK Computational Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Shaun Cowley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research &Wellcome Trust and MRC Stem Cell Institute, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Valerie Kouskoff
- CRUK Stem Cell Haematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Georges Lacaud
- CRUK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
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85
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Park B, Yoo KH, Kim C. Hematopoietic stem cell expansion and generation: the ways to make a breakthrough. Blood Res 2015; 50:194-203. [PMID: 26770947 PMCID: PMC4705045 DOI: 10.5045/br.2015.50.4.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the first field where human stem cell therapy was successful. Flooding interest on human stem cell therapy to cure previously incurable diseases is largely indebted to HSCT success. Allogeneic HSCT has been an important modality to cure various diseases including hematologic malignancies, various non-malignant hematologic diseases, primary immunodeficiency diseases, and inborn errors of metabolism, while autologous HSCT is generally performed to rescue bone marrow aplasia following high-dose chemotherapy for solid tumors or multiple myeloma. Recently, HSCs are also spotlighted in the field of regenerative medicine for the amelioration of symptoms caused by neurodegenerative diseases, heart diseases, and others. Although the demand for HSCs has been growing, their supply often fails to meet the demand of the patients needing transplant due to a lack of histocompatible donors or a limited cell number. This review focuses on the generation and large-scale expansion of HSCs, which might overcome current limitations in the application of HSCs for clinical use. Furthermore, current proof of concept to replenish hematological homeostasis from non-hematological origin will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Korea
| | - Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Korea.; Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Changsung Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Korea
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86
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Stroma-Derived Connective Tissue Growth Factor Maintains Cell Cycle Progression and Repopulation Activity of Hematopoietic Stem Cells In Vitro. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 5:702-715. [PMID: 26527384 PMCID: PMC4649380 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are preserved in co-cultures with UG26-1B6 stromal cells or their conditioned medium. We performed a genome-wide study of gene expression changes of UG26-1B6 stromal cells in contact with Lineage⁻ SCA-1⁺ KIT⁺ (LSK) cells. This analysis identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) to be upregulated in response to LSK cells. We found that co-culture of HSCs on CTGF knockdown stroma (shCtgf) shows impaired engraftment and long-term quality. Further experiments demonstrated that CD34⁻ CD48⁻ CD150⁺ LSK (CD34⁻ SLAM) cell numbers from shCtgf co-cultures increase in G0 and senescence and show delayed time to first cell division. To understand this observation, a CTGF signaling network model was assembled, which was experimentally validated. In co-culture experiments of CD34⁻ SLAM cells with shCtgf stromal cells, we found that SMAD2/3-dependent signaling was activated, with increasing p27(Kip1) expression and downregulating cyclin D1. Our data support the view that LSK cells modulate gene expression in the niche to maintain repopulating HSC activity.
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87
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Iizuka H, Kagoya Y, Kataoka K, Yoshimi A, Miyauchi M, Taoka K, Kumano K, Yamamoto T, Hotta A, Arai S, Kurokawa M. Targeted gene correction of RUNX1 in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from familial platelet disorder with propensity to myeloid malignancy restores normal megakaryopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2015; 43:849-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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88
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Vanhee S, Vandekerckhove B. Pluripotent stem cell based gene therapy for hematological diseases. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 97:238-46. [PMID: 26381313 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard treatment for severe inherited hematopoietic diseases consists of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Alternatively, patients can be treated with gene therapy: gene-corrected autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) are transplanted. By using retro- or lentiviral vectors, a copy of the functional gene is randomly inserted in the DNA of the HSPC and becomes constitutively expressed. Gene therapy is currently limited to monogenic diseases for which clinical trials are being actively conducted in highly specialized centers around the world. This approach, although successful, carries with it inherent safety and efficacy issues. Recently, two technologies became available that, when combined, may enable treatment of genetic defects by HSPC that have the non-functional allele replaced by a functional copy. One technology consists of the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from patient blood samples or skin biopsies, the other concerns nuclease-mediated gene editing. Both technologies have been successfully combined in basic research and appear applicable in the clinic. This paper reviews recent literature, discusses what can be achieved in the clinic using present knowledge and points out further research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Vanhee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Bart Vandekerckhove
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Belgium.
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89
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The Use of Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) to Identify Osteoclast Defects in Rare Genetic Bone Disorders. J Clin Med 2015; 3:1490-510. [PMID: 25621177 PMCID: PMC4300535 DOI: 10.3390/jcm3041490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 500 rare genetic bone disorders have been described, but for many of them only limited treatment options are available. Challenges for studying these bone diseases come from a lack of suitable animal models and unavailability of skeletal tissues for studies. Effectors for skeletal abnormalities of bone disorders may be abnormal bone formation directed by osteoblasts or anomalous bone resorption by osteoclasts, or both. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated from somatic cells of various tissue sources and in theory can be differentiated into any desired cell type. However, successful differentiation of hiPSCs into functional bone cells is still a challenge. Our group focuses on the use of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) to identify osteoclast defects in craniometaphyseal dysplasia. In this review, we describe the impact of stem cell technology on research for better treatment of such disorders, the generation of hiPSCs from patients with rare genetic bone disorders and current protocols for differentiating hiPSCs into osteoclasts.
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90
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Blockade of BCL-2 proteins efficiently induces apoptosis in progenitor cells of high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes patients. Leukemia 2015; 30:112-23. [PMID: 26153654 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated apoptosis is an identifying feature of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Whereas apoptosis is increased in the bone marrow (BM) of low-risk MDS patients, progression to high-risk MDS correlates with an acquired resistance to apoptosis and an aberrant expression of BCL-2 proteins. To overcome the acquired apoptotic resistance in high-risk MDS, we investigated the induction of apoptosis by inhibition of pro-survival BCL-2 proteins using the BCL-2/-XL/-W inhibitor ABT-737 or the BCL-2-selective inhibitor ABT-199. We characterized a cohort of 124 primary human BM samples from MDS/secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) patients and 57 healthy, age-matched controls. Inhibition of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins was specifically toxic for BM cells from high-risk MDS and sAML patients, whereas low-risk MDS or healthy controls remained unaffected. Notably, ABT-737 or ABT-199 treatment was capable of targeting the MDS stem/progenitor compartment in high-risk MDS/sAML samples as shown by the reduction in CD34(+) cells and the decreased colony-forming capacity. Elevated expression of MCL-1 conveyed resistance against both compounds. Protection by stromal cells only partially inhibited induction of apoptosis. Collectively, our data show that the apoptotic resistance observed in high-risk MDS/sAML cells can be overcome by the ABT-737 or ABT-199 treatment and implies that BH3 mimetics might delay disease progression in higher-risk MDS or sAML patients.
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91
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Abed S, Tubsuwan A, Chaichompoo P, Park IH, Pailleret A, Benyoucef A, Tosca L, De Dreuzy E, Paulard A, Granger-Locatelli M, Relouzat F, Prost S, Tachdjian G, Fucharoen S, Daley GQ, Payen E, Chrétien S, Leboulch P, Maouche-Chrétien L. Transplantation of Macaca cynomolgus iPS-derived hematopoietic cells in NSG immunodeficient mice. Haematologica 2015; 100:e428-31. [PMID: 26088930 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.127373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soumeya Abed
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm, Paris, France Université Paris 7, France
| | - Alisa Tubsuwan
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm, Paris, France Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital and Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Porntip Chaichompoo
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm, Paris, France Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital and Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - In Hyun Park
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice Pailleret
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France
| | - Aïssa Benyoucef
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm U967 - CEA / DSV / IRCM, Fontenay Aux Roses Cedex, France
| | - Lucie Tosca
- Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie Embryologie Cytogénétique, "Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris", Clamart, France
| | - Edouard De Dreuzy
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm, Paris, France Université Paris 7, France
| | | | - Marine Granger-Locatelli
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France
| | - Francis Relouzat
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France
| | - Stéphane Prost
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France
| | - Gerard Tachdjian
- Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'Histologie Embryologie Cytogénétique, "Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris", Clamart, France
| | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital and Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - George Q Daley
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emmanuel Payen
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Stany Chrétien
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Leboulch
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leïla Maouche-Chrétien
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Université Paris Sud 11, France Inserm, Paris, France
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92
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Current Bioengineering Methods for Whole Kidney Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:724047. [PMID: 26089921 PMCID: PMC4452081 DOI: 10.1155/2015/724047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney regeneration is likely to provide an inexhaustible source of tissues and organs for immunosuppression-free transplantation. It is currently garnering considerable attention and might replace kidney dialysis as the ultimate therapeutic strategy for renal failure. However, anatomical complications make kidney regeneration difficult. Here, we review recent advances in the field of kidney regeneration, including (i) the directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells/embryonic stem cells into kidney cells; (ii) blastocyst decomplementation; (iii) use of a decellularized cadaveric scaffold; (iv) embryonic organ transplantation; and (v) use of a nephrogenic niche for growing xenoembryos for de novo kidney regeneration from stem cells. All these approaches represent potentially promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. Although many obstacles to kidney regeneration remain, we hope that innovative strategies and reliable research will ultimately allow the restoration of renal function in patients with end-stage kidney disease.
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93
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Feng ZC, Riopel M, Popell A, Wang R. A survival Kit for pancreatic beta cells: stem cell factor and c-Kit receptor tyrosine kinase. Diabetologia 2015; 58:654-65. [PMID: 25643653 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between c-Kit and its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), play an important role in haematopoiesis, pigmentation and gametogenesis. c-Kit is also found in the pancreas, and recent studies have revealed that c-Kit marks a subpopulation of highly proliferative pancreatic endocrine cells that may harbour islet precursors. c-Kit governs and maintains pancreatic endocrine cell maturation and function via multiple signalling pathways. In this review we address the importance of c-Kit signalling within the pancreas, including its profound role in islet morphogenesis, islet vascularisation, and beta cell survival and function. We also discuss the impact of c-Kit signalling in pancreatic disease and the use of c-Kit as a potential target for the development of cell-based and novel drug therapies in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Feng
- Children's Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, Room A5-140, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5
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94
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Pearson S, Cuvertino S, Fleury M, Lacaud G, Kouskoff V. In vivo repopulating activity emerges at the onset of hematopoietic specification during embryonic stem cell differentiation. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 4:431-44. [PMID: 25660408 PMCID: PMC4375940 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of in vivo repopulating hematopoietic cells from in vitro differentiating embryonic stem cells has remained a long-standing challenge. To date, hematopoietic engraftment has mostly been achieved through the enforced expression of ectopic transcription factors. Here, we describe serum-free culture conditions that allow the generation of in vivo repopulating hematopoietic cells in the absence of ectopically expressed factors. We show that repopulating activity arises immediately upon the commitment of mesodermal precursors to the blood program, within the first wave of hematopoietic specification. We establish that the formation of these progenitors is extremely transient and exquisitely sensitive to the cytokine milieu. Our findings define the precise differentiating stage at which hematopoietic repopulating activity first appears in vitro, and suggest that during embryonic stem cell differentiation, all hematopoietic programs are unraveled simultaneously from the mesoderm in the absence of cues that restrict the coordinated emergence of each lineage as is normally observed during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Pearson
- Stem Cell Hematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Sara Cuvertino
- Stem Cell Hematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Maud Fleury
- Stem Cell Hematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Georges Lacaud
- Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.
| | - Valerie Kouskoff
- Stem Cell Hematopoiesis Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.
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95
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Focosi D, Maggi F, Ceccherini-Nelli L, Pistello M. Cell therapies for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Rev Med Virol 2015; 25:156-74. [PMID: 25727480 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
After the serendipitous discovery of HIV eradication in the "Berlin patient", interest has grown in curing HIV infection by replacing the patient's replication-competent blood cells with infection-resistant ones. At the same time, induced pluripotent stem cell technologies and genetic engineering have boosted cell therapy transfer into the clinic. Currently available cell therapy approaches to attempt to cure HIV infection include the following: (1) Transplantation of autologous or allogeneic cells spontaneously resistant or edited to resist HIV infection; (2) Transplantation of autologous T-lymphocytes spontaneously targeting or redirected against HIV; and (3) Transplantation of autologous cells engineered to work as anti-HIV antibody factories. We review here the preliminary results and potential for future applications of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Focosi
- Retrovirus Center and Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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96
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Liu S, Xu Y, Zhou Z, Feng B, Huang H. Progress and challenges in generating functional hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:344-58. [PMID: 25680303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in vitro holds great potential for providing alternative sources of donor cells for clinical HSC transplantation. However, the low efficiency of current protocols for generating blood lineages and the dysfunction identified in hPSC-derived hematopoietic cells limit their use for full hematopoietic reconstitution in clinics. This review outlines the current understanding of in vitro hematopoietic differentiation from hPSCs, emphasizes the intrinsic and extrinsic molecular mechanisms that are attributed to the aberrant phenotype and function in hPSC-derived hematopoietic cells, pinpoints the current challenges to develop the truly functional HSCs from hPSCs for clinical applications and explores their potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senquan Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; SBS Core Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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97
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Gori JL, Butler JM, Chan YY, Chandrasekaran D, Poulos MG, Ginsberg M, Nolan DJ, Elemento O, Wood BL, Adair JE, Rafii S, Kiem HP. Vascular niche promotes hematopoietic multipotent progenitor formation from pluripotent stem cells. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1243-54. [PMID: 25664855 DOI: 10.1172/jci79328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) represent an alternative hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) source for treating hematopoietic disease. The limited engraftment of human PSC-derived (hPSC-derived) multipotent progenitor cells (MPP) has hampered the clinical application of these cells and suggests that MPP require additional cues for definitive hematopoiesis. We hypothesized that the presence of a vascular niche that produces Notch ligands jagged-1 (JAG1) and delta-like ligand-4 (DLL4) drives definitive hematopoiesis. We differentiated hes2 human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and Macaca nemestrina-induced PSC (iPSC) line-7 with cytokines in the presence or absence of endothelial cells (ECs) that express JAG1 and DLL4. Cells cocultured with ECs generated substantially more CD34+CD45+ hematopoietic progenitors compared with cells cocultured without ECs or with ECs lacking JAG1 or DLL4. EC-induced cells exhibited Notch activation and expressed HSC-specific Notch targets RUNX1 and GATA2. EC-induced PSC-MPP engrafted at a markedly higher level in NOD/SCID/IL-2 receptor γ chain-null (NSG) mice compared with cytokine-induced cells, and low-dose chemotherapy-based selection further increased engraftment. Long-term engraftment and the myeloid-to-lymphoid ratio achieved with vascular niche induction were similar to levels achieved for cord blood-derived MPP and up to 20-fold higher than those achieved with hPSC-derived MPP engraftment. Our findings indicate that endothelial Notch ligands promote PSC-definitive hematopoiesis and production of long-term engrafting CD34+ cells, suggesting these ligands are critical for HSC emergence.
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98
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Abstract
In this issue of Blood, Ramos-Mejía et al provide compelling evidence for HOXA9 as a key factor that can enhance and accelerate the differentiation of these cells to blood progenitor cells in vitro.
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99
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Hermanson DL, Ni Z, Kaufman DS. Human Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Renewable Source of Natural Killer Cells. SPRINGERBRIEFS IN STEM CELLS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7312-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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100
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Doulatov S, Vo LT, Chou SS, Kim PG, Arora N, Li H, Hadland BK, Bernstein ID, Collins JJ, Zon LI, Daley GQ. Induction of multipotential hematopoietic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells via respecification of lineage-restricted precursors. Cell Stem Cell 2014; 13:459-70. [PMID: 24094326 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) represent a promising source of patient-specific cells for disease modeling, drug screens, and cellular therapies. However, the inability to derive engraftable human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has limited their characterization to in vitro assays. We report a strategy to respecify lineage-restricted CD34(+)CD45(+) myeloid precursors derived from hPSCs into multilineage progenitors that can be expanded in vitro and engrafted in vivo. HOXA9, ERG, and RORA conferred self-renewal and multilineage potential in vitro and maintained primitive CD34(+)CD38(-) cells. Screening cells via transplantation revealed that two additional factors, SOX4 and MYB, conferred engraftment. Progenitors specified with all five factors gave rise to reproducible short-term engraftment with myeloid and erythroid lineages. Erythroid precursors underwent hemoglobin switching in vivo, silencing embryonic and activating adult globin expression. Our combinatorial screening approach establishes a strategy for obtaining transcription-factor-mediated engraftment of blood progenitors from human pluripotent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Doulatov
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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