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Wu S, Ma S, Yin X, Yi P, Liu J. An integrated PKD1-dependent signaling network amplifies IRE1 prosurvival signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11119-11130. [PMID: 31167779 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the accumulation of improperly folded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a condition known as ER stress in this compartment triggers an adaptive signaling pathway referred to as the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR aims at restoring ER homeostasis; if the ER stress cannot be resolved, apoptosis is triggered. However, the mechanisms responsible for regulating the balance between cell life and death decisions that occur after exposure to ER stress remain unclear. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) has been reported to initiate protective signaling against oxidative stress or ischemia, two conditions that impinge on the induction of ER stress. In addition, the high levels of expression of PKD1, observed in highly proliferative cancers and tumors with poor prognosis, contribute to enhanced resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we show that the ER stress inducers tunicamycin and thapsigargin lead to the activation of PKD1 in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells and in hepatoma HepG2 cells through a PKCδ-dependent mechanism. Moreover, our data indicate that PKD1 is required for the stabilization of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) and the subsequent regulation of its activity. PKD1 activation contributes to the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1, resulting in decreased IRE1-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation. This study unveils the existence of a novel PKD1-dependent prosurvival mechanism that is activated upon ER stress and selectively enhances IRE1 prosurvival signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Shumin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xueliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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52
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Ren H, Chu Y, Feng L, Wang C. Protein kinase D3 promotes gastric cancer development through p65/6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 activation of glycolysis. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:188-197. [PMID: 31026442 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although serine/threonine-protein kinases are found to participate in a wide range of cancer progression, the involvement of protein kinase D3 (PRKD3) in gastric cancer has not been explored. Here, we investigated the role of PRKD3 in gastric cancer (GC) and its potential mechanisms. PRKD3 was over-expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells. In vitro, PRKD3 ectopic expression accelerated the proliferation and growth of GES-1, SGC7901 and MKN-28 cells. By contrast, PRKD3 knockdown suppressed the proliferation of SGC7901 and MKN-28 GC cells. In vivo, xenograted tumorigenesis was blunted by PRKD3 silencing. Mechanistically, PRKD3 up-regulated 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) and activated glycolysis as shown by increased glucose consumption and lactate production. Knockdown of PFKFB3 suppressed the glycolysis in gastric cancer cells with highly expressed PRKD3 but not in PRKD3 silenced cells. PRKD3 over-expression induced phosphorylation of p65 at serine 536 was critical for the up-regulation of glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3. Furthermore, PRKD and PFKFB3 inhibitor suppressed the viability of GC cells. Our results suggest that targeting PRKD3/p65/PFKFB3 cascade maybe a promising therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhang
- Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shuisheng Zhang
- Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yajie Zhao
- Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hu Ren
- Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yunmian Chu
- Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Chengfeng Wang
- Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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53
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Bermúdez V, Tenconi PE, Giusto NM, Mateos MV. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Autophagy Mediates Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Survival. Modulation by the Phospholipase D Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:154. [PMID: 31327962 PMCID: PMC6497095 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are common factors involved in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases, such as aged-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Autophagy is a catabolic process essential to cell survival in response to stress. This process is highly active in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Our previous findings demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces an inflammatory response of RPE cells that implies classical phospholipases D (PLD1 and 2) activation, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and reduced cell viability. In this work, we studied the autophagic process and its modulation by the PLD pathway in D407 and ARPE-19 RPE cells exposed to LPS. LPS (10 μg/ml or 25 μg/ml) exposure for 24 h increased light chain 3B-II (LC3B-II) content (an autophagy marker) and LC3B-positive punctate structures in both RPE cell lines studied. Next, the drug bafilomycin A1 (BAF, 50 nM) was used to block the autophagic flux. In cells pre-incubated with BAF, LC3B-II and sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) levels and autophagosome-like structures were increased by LPS, demonstrating that the inflammatory injury increases the autophagic process in RPE cells. To study the role of the PLD pathway, cells were pre-incubated for 1 h with selective PLD1 (VU0359595) or PLD2 (VU0285655-1) inhibitors prior to LPS addition. Under control condition, LC3B-positive punctate structures were increased in cells pre-incubated with PLD2 inhibitor while with PLD1 inhibitor were increased in cells exposed to LPS. MTT reduction assays showed that early autophagy inhibitors, 3-methyladenin (3-MA) or LY294002, enhanced the loss in cell viability induced by LPS exposure for 48 h. On the contrary, the inhibition of PLD1 and PLD2 prevented the loss in cell viability induced by LPS. In conclusion, our results show that even though LPS treatment promotes an inflammatory response in RPE cells, it also triggers the activation of the autophagic process which in turn may serve as a protective mechanism for the cells. In addition, we demonstrate that the PLD pathway modulates the autophagic process in RPE cells. Our findings contribute to the knowledge of the molecular basis of retinal inflammatory and degenerative diseases and open new avenues for potential therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Bermúdez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (DBByF), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Paula Estefanía Tenconi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (DBByF), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Norma María Giusto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (DBByF), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Melina Valeria Mateos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (DBByF), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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54
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Lenouvel D, González-Moles MÁ, Talbaoui A, Ramos-García P, González-Ruiz L, Ruiz-Ávila I, Gil-Montoya JA. An update of knowledge on PD-L1 in head and neck cancers: Physiologic, prognostic and therapeutic perspectives. Oral Dis 2019; 26:511-526. [PMID: 30866171 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a transmembrane protein that acts as a co-inhibitory factor in the immune response. Its receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), is found on immune cells, where binding to PD-L1 can reduce the proliferation of PD-1-positive cells, inhibit their cytokine secretion and induce apoptosis. PD-L1 in immune-privileged tissue plays a crucial role in peripheral tolerance. PD-L1 can be overexpressed in various malignancies, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, where it can attenuate the host immune response to tumour cells and has been associated with a worse prognosis. Monoclonal antibody therapies targeting the PD-1:PD-L1 axis have shown initial promise, but further research is needed to identify which patients will benefit. We provide an update of knowledge on PD-L1, including its structure, function and regulation. We also review studies on the overexpression of PD-L1 in cancer, specifically oral squamous cell carcinoma, and explore its potential value as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
| | - Asmae Talbaoui
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Lucía González-Ruiz
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Isabel Ruiz-Ávila
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain.,Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Antonio Gil-Montoya
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
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55
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Imai Y, Cousins RS, Liu S, Phelps BM, Promes JA. Connecting pancreatic islet lipid metabolism with insulin secretion and the development of type 2 diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1461:53-72. [PMID: 30937918 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is the major contributing factor for the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in recent years. Sustained positive influx of lipids is considered to be a precipitating factor for beta cell dysfunction and serves as a connection between obesity and T2D. Importantly, fatty acids (FA), a key building block of lipids, are a double-edged sword for beta cells. FA acutely increase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through cell-surface receptor and intracellular pathways. However, chronic exposure to FA, combined with elevated glucose, impair the viability and function of beta cells in vitro and in animal models of obesity (glucolipotoxicity), providing an experimental basis for the propensity of beta cell demise under obesity in humans. To better understand the two-sided relationship between lipids and beta cells, we present a current view of acute and chronic handling of lipids by beta cells and implications for beta cell function and health. We also discuss an emerging role for lipid droplets (LD) in the dynamic regulation of lipid metabolism in beta cells and insulin secretion, along with a potential role for LD under nutritional stress in beta cells, and incorporate recent advancement in the field of lipid droplet biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Imai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ryan S Cousins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Siming Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brian M Phelps
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Joseph A Promes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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56
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Manuka Honey Modulates the Inflammatory Behavior of a dHL-60 Neutrophil Model under the Cytotoxic Limit. Int J Biomater 2019; 2019:6132581. [PMID: 30936919 PMCID: PMC6415307 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6132581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent work has shown that Manuka honey, an increasingly popular wound additive with potent antibacterial properties, also has anti-inflammatory properties. However, little research has been done examining its effect on neutrophils. This study investigates the hypothesis that Manuka honey reduces neutrophil superoxide release and chemotaxis and reduces the activation of the inflammatory nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway under honey's cytotoxic limit. A differentiated HL-60 cell line was used as a neutrophil model and cultured in various concentrations of Manuka honey for 3 and 24 hours to measure cytotoxicity via mitochondrial activity and visual trypan-exclusion count. Cytochrome C and Boyden chamber assays were used to measure the effect of Manuka honey on superoxide release and chemotaxis toward fMLP, respectively. Additionally, a Western blot for NF-κB inhibitor α (IκBα) was performed to measure Manuka honey's effect on the NF-κB pathway via IκBα phosphorylation. The results indicate a cytotoxic limit of 3-5% v/v. The presence of 1% honey decreased superoxide release at 24 hours. The 0.5, 1, and 3% honey concentrations reduced chemotaxis and IκBα phosphorylation in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that Manuka honey significantly reduces neutrophil recruitment and inflammatory behavior in the wound site in a dose-dependent fashion under the cytotoxic limit.
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57
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Liu Y, Li J, Ma Z, Zhang J, Wang Y, Yu Z, Lin X, Xu Z, Su Q, An L, Zhou Y, Ma X, Yang Y, Wang F, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zheng H, Shi A, Yu S, Zhang J, Zhao W, Chen L. Oncogenic functions of protein kinase D2 and D3 in regulating multiple cancer-related pathways in breast cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:729-741. [PMID: 30652415 PMCID: PMC6504119 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein Kinase D (PKD) family contains PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 in human. Compared to consistent tumor-suppressive functions of PKD1 in breast cancer, how PKD2/3 functions in breast cancer are not fully understood. In the current study, we found that PKD2 and PKD3 but not PKD1 were preferentially overexpressed in breast cancer and involved in regulating cell proliferation and metastasis. Integrated phosphoproteome, transcriptome, and interactome showed that PKD2 was associated with multiple cancer-related pathways, including adherent junction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and cell cycle-related pathways. ELAVL1 was identified as a common hub-node in networks of PKD2/3-regulated phosphoproteins and genes. Silencing ELAVL1 inhibited breast cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Direct interaction between ELAVL1 and PKD2 or PKD3 was demonstrated. Suppression of PKD2 led to ELAVL1 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus without significant affecting ELAVL1 expression. Taken together, we characterized the oncogenic functions of PKD2/3 in breast cancer and their association with cancer-related pathways, which shed lights on the oncogenic roles and mechanisms of PKDs in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifang Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenghong Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Lin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Su
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Li An
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Yehui Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinxing Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingfei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunchao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jilinlin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Huilin Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Aihua Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingzhong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiyong Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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58
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Simó A, Cilleros-Mañé V, Just-Borràs L, Hurtado E, Nadal L, Tomàs M, Garcia N, Lanuza MA, Tomàs J. nPKCε Mediates SNAP-25 Phosphorylation of Ser-187 in Basal Conditions and After Synaptic Activity at the Neuromuscular Junction. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:5346-5364. [PMID: 30607888 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) and substrates like SNAP-25 regulate neurotransmission. At the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), PKC promotes neurotransmitter release during synaptic activity. Thirty minutes of muscle contraction enhances presynaptic PKC isoform levels, specifically cPKCβI and nPKCε, through retrograde BDNF/TrkB signaling. This establishes a larger pool of these PKC isoforms ready to promote neuromuscular transmission. The PKC phosphorylation site in SNAP-25 has been mapped to the serine 187 (Ser-187), which is known to enhance calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release in vitro. Here, we localize SNAP-25 at the NMJ and investigate whether cPKCβI and/or nPKCε regulate SNAP-25 phosphorylation. We also investigate whether nerve and muscle cell activities regulate differently SNAP-25 phosphorylation and the involvement of BDNF/TrkB signaling. Our results demonstrate that nPKCε isoform is essential to positively regulate SNAP-25 phosphorylation on Ser-187 and that muscle contraction prevents it. TrkB and cPKCβI do not regulate SNAP-25 protein level or its phosphorylation during neuromuscular activity. The results provide evidence that nerve terminals need both pre- and postsynaptic activities to modulate SNAP-25 phosphorylation and ensure an accurate neurotransmission process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Simó
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Victor Cilleros-Mañé
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Laia Just-Borràs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Erica Hurtado
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Laura Nadal
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Tomàs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Neus Garcia
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria A Lanuza
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.
| | - Josep Tomàs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.
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59
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Bermúdez V, Tenconi PE, Giusto NM, Mateos MV. Lipid Signaling in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Exposed to Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Conditions. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Degenerative Retinal Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1185:289-293. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27378-1_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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60
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Mattern-Schain SI, Fisher RK, West PC, Grimsley LB, Harris TM, Grandas OH, Best MD, Mountain DJH. Cell mimetic liposomal nanocarriers for tailored delivery of vascular therapeutics. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 218:149-157. [PMID: 30582896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Liposomal delivery systems (LDSs) have been at the forefront of medicinal nanotechnology for over three decades. Increasing LDS association to target cells and cargo delivery is crucial to bolstering overall nanodrug efficacy. Our laboratory aims to develop LDSs for molecular therapeutics aimed at vascular pathology. We have previously established a liposome platform that is an effective delivery system for RNA interference in vascular cell types by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) decorated liposomes bearing an octa-arginine (R8) cell penetrating peptide (CPP). Further tailoring liposome membranes to mimic vascular cell membrane lipid constituents may be a promising strategy for increasing cargo delivery. Here we aimed to develop liposomal formulations that could make use of diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine (PS), naturally occurring lipid species that are known to influence vascular cell function, as a facile and efficient means to increase nanodrug efficacy without compromising clinical viability. We investigated the ability of DAG and PS to amplify the cellular uptake of our previously established LDS platform loaded with small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) cargo. Cellular fluorescence microscopy experiments were performed in conjunction with quantitative cell association assays and cytotoxicity assays to analyze the effect of DAG/PS on the differential delivery of fluorescently-tagged liposomes to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and on liposomal-mediated toxicity. In these studies, significant, dose-dependent increases in association to target cells were observed, as well as cell-type specific effects on cell viability. The stability and encapsulation-efficiency of the DAG/PS-modified LDSs were analyzed by standard nanoparticle characterization methods, and siRNA transfection efficacy was quantified to gauge delivery potential as a function of DAG/PS modification. Our results suggest that the signaling lipids tested here imbue our LDS architectures with increased therapeutic potential, without compromising stability, encapsulation efficiency, or biocompatibility, thus presenting a natural strategy to increase nanodrug efficacy and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel I Mattern-Schain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN, 37996, United States
| | - Richard K Fisher
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Philip C West
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Lauren B Grimsley
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Taylor M Harris
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Oscar H Grandas
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Michael D Best
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN, 37996, United States.
| | - Deidra J H Mountain
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States.
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Whitehead M, Wickremasinghe S, Osborne A, Van Wijngaarden P, Martin KR. Diabetic retinopathy: a complex pathophysiology requiring novel therapeutic strategies. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 18:1257-1270. [PMID: 30408422 PMCID: PMC6299358 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1545836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in the working age population of the developed world. DR encompasses a complex pathology, and one that is reflected in the variety of currently available treatments, which include laser photocoagulation, glucocorticoids, vitrectomy and agents which neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Whilst these options demonstrate modest clinical benefits, none is yet to fully attenuate clinical progression or reverse damage to the retina. This has led to an interest in developing novel therapies for the condition, such as mediators of angiopoietin signaling axes, immunosuppressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), oxidative stress inhibitors and vitriol viscosity inhibitors. Further, preclinical research suggests that gene therapy treatment for DR could provide significant benefits over existing treatments options. AREAS COVERED Here we review the pathophysiology of DR and provide an overview of currently available treatments. We then outline recent advances made towards improved patient outcomes and highlight the potential of the gene therapy paradigm to revolutionize DR management. EXPERT OPINION Whilst significant progress has been made towards our understanding of DR, further research is required to enable the development of a detailed spatiotemporal model of the disease. In addition, we hope that improvements in our knowledge of the condition facilitate therapeutic innovations that continue to address unmet medical need and improve patient outcomes, with a focus on the development of targeted medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Whitehead
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sanjeewa Wickremasinghe
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne and Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Osborne
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Van Wijngaarden
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne and Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Keith R. Martin
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Eye Department, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust – MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Soloviev AI, Kizub IV. Mechanisms of vascular dysfunction evoked by ionizing radiation and possible targets for its pharmacological correction. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 159:121-139. [PMID: 30508525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) leads to a variety of the cardiovascular diseases, including the arterial hypertension. A number of studies have demonstrated that blood vessels represent important target for IR, and the endothelium is one of the most vulnerable components of the vascular wall. IR causes an inhibition of nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species trigger this process. Inhibition of NO-mediated vasodilatation could be due to endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) down-regulation, inactivation of endothelium-derived NO, and abnormalities in diffusion of NO from the endothelial cells (ECs) leading to a decrease in NO bioavailability. Beside this, IR suppresses endothelial large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCa) activity, which control NO synthesis. IR also leads to inhibition of the BKCa current in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) which is mediated by protein kinase C (PKC). On the other hand, IR-evoked enhanced vascular contractility may result from PKC-mediated increase in SMCs myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. Also, IR evokes vascular wall inflammation and atherosclerosis development. Vascular function damaged by IR can be effectively restored by quercetin-filled phosphatidylcholine liposomes and mesenchymal stem cells injection. Using RNA-interference technique targeted to different PKC isoforms can also be a perspective approach for pharmacological treatment of IR-induced vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly I Soloviev
- Department of Pharmacology of Cellular Signaling Systems and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 14 Eugene Pottier Street, Kiev 03068, Ukraine
| | - Igor V Kizub
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla 10595, NY, United States.
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Zhang L, Li Z, Liu Y, Xu S, Tandon M, Appelboom B, LaValle CR, Chiosea SI, Wang L, Sen M, Lui VWY, Grandis JR, Wang QJ. Analysis of oncogenic activities of protein kinase D1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1107. [PMID: 30419840 PMCID: PMC6233608 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4965-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death in the US. The protein kinase D (PKD) family has emerged as a promising target for cancer therapy with PKD1 being most intensively studied; however, its role in HNSCC has not been investigated. METHODS The expression of PKD was evaluated in human HNSCC by quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Cell proliferation, wound healing, and matrigel invasion assays were performed upon siRNA-mediated knockdown of PKD1 in HNSCC cells, and subcutaneous xenograft mouse model was established by implantation of the stable doxycycline (Dox)-inducible PKD1 expression cell lines for analysis of tumorigenic activity in vivo. RESULTS PKD1 was frequently downregulated in HNSCC cell lines at both transcript and protein levels. In human HNSCC tissues, PKD1 was significantly down-regulated in localized tumors and metastases, and in patient-paired tumor tissues as compared to their normal counterparts, which was in part due to epigenetic modification of the PRKD1 gene. The function of PKD1 in HNSCC was analyzed using stable doxycycline-inducible cell lines that express native or constitutive-active PKD1. Upon induction, the rate of proliferation, survival, migration and invasion of HNSCC cells did not differ significantly between the control and PKD1 overexpressing cells in the basal state, and depletion of endogenous PKD1 did not impact the proliferation of HNSCC cells. However, the median growth rate of the subcutaneous HNSCC tumor xenografts over time was elevated with PKD1 induction, and the final tumor weight was significantly increased in Dox-induced vs. the non-induced tumors. Moreover, induced expression of PKD1 promoted bombesin-induced cell proliferation of HNSCC and resulted in sustained ERK1/2 activation in response to gastrin-releasing peptide or bombesin stimulation, suggesting that PKD1 potentiates GRP/bombesin-induced mitogenic response through the activation of ERK1/2 in HSNCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study has identified PKD1 as a frequently downregulated gene in HNSCC, and functionally, under certain cellular context, may play a role in GRP/bombesin-induced oncogenesis in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
- Department of Biochemistry, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China 443002
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province People’s Republic of China 230022
| | - Shuping Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Manuj Tandon
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Brittany Appelboom
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Courtney R. LaValle
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Simion I. Chiosea
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Malabika Sen
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Vivian W. Y. Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jennifer R. Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
- Present address: Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - Q. Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
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Roy A, Veroli MV, Prasad S, Wang QJ. Protein Kinase D2 Modulates Cell Cycle By Stabilizing Aurora A Kinase at Centrosomes. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1785-1797. [PMID: 30018032 PMCID: PMC9923726 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aurora A kinase (AURKA) is a master cell-cycle regulator that is often dysregulated in human cancers. Its overexpression has been associated with genome instability and oncogenic transformation. The protein kinase D (PKD) family is an emerging therapeutic target of cancer. Aberrant PKD activation has been implicated in tumor growth and survival, yet the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study identified, for the first time, a functional crosstalk between PKD2 and Aurora A kinase in cancer cells. The data demonstrate that PKD2 is catalytically active during the G2-M phases of the cell cycle, and inactivation or depletion of PKD2 causes delay in mitotic entry due to downregulation of Aurora A, an effect that can be rescued by overexpression of Aurora A. Moreover, PKD2 localizes in the centrosome with Aurora A by binding to γ-tubulin. Knockdown of PKD2 caused defects in centrosome separation, elongated G2 phase, mitotic catastrophe, and eventually cell death via apoptosis. Mechanistically, PKD2 interferes with Fbxw7 function to protect Aurora A from ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent degradation. Taken together, these results identify PKD as a cell-cycle checkpoint kinase that positively modulates G2-M transition through Aurora A kinase in mammalian cells.Implications: PKD2 is a novel cell-cycle regulator that promotes G2-M transition by modulating Aurora A kinase stability in cancer cells and suggests the PKD2/Aurora A kinase regulatory axis as new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1785-97. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhiraj Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Maria Victoria Veroli
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Department of Biotechnology and Immunotherapeutics, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106
| | - Qiming Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Novel Therapeutic Agent against Platelet Activation In Vitro and Arterial Thrombosis In Vivo by Morin Hydrate. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082386. [PMID: 30104547 PMCID: PMC6121409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Morin hydrate, a bioactive flavonoid, has been proven to prevent inflammation and apoptosis of cells. Flavonoids can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, in which platelet activation plays a major role. This study investigated the effect of morin hydrate on platelet activation in vitro and in vivo. Morin hydrate markedly inhibited platelet aggregation stimulated by collagen in human platelets but not that stimulated by other agonists. In collagen-activated platelets, morin hydrate inhibited adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release; intracellular Ca2+ mobilization; P-selectin expression; and phosphorylation of phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2), protein kinase C (PKC), and Akt. In mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, morin hydrate evidently diminished ERK2 or JNK1 activation, except for p38 MAPK. Additionally, morin hydrate markedly reduced the OH· signals in platelet suspensions but not in the cell-free system (Fenton reaction solution). Moreover, morin hydrate substantially increased the occlusion time of thrombotic platelet plug formation but had no effect on bleeding time in mice. In conclusion, morin hydrate crucially inhibits platelet activation through inhibition of the PLCγ2–PKC cascade and subsequent suppression of Akt and MAPK activation, thereby ultimately inhibiting platelet aggregation. Therefore, this paper suggests that morin hydrate constitutes a novel and potential natural therapeutic product for preventing or treating thromboembolic disorders.
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Giordano G. Ceramide-transfer protein-mediated ceramide transfer is a structurally tunable flow-inducing mechanism with structural feed-forward loops. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180494. [PMID: 30110462 PMCID: PMC6030332 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper considers two models of ceramide-transfer protein (CERT)-mediated ceramide transfer at the trans-Golgi network proposed in the literature, short distance shuttle and neck swinging, and seeks structural (parameter-free) features of the two models, which rely exclusively on the peculiar interaction network and not on specific parameter values. In particular, it is shown that both models can be seen as flow-inducing systems, where the flows between pairs of species are tuned by the concentrations of other species, and suitable external inputs can structurally regulate ceramide transfer. In the short distance shuttle model, the amount of transferred ceramide is structurally tuned by active protein kinase D (PKD), both directly and indirectly, in a coherent feed-forward loop motif. In the neck-swinging model, the amount of transferred ceramide is structurally tuned by active PI4KIIIβ, while active PKD has an ambivalent effect, due to the presence of an incoherent feed-forward loop motif that directly inhibits ceramide transfer and indirectly promotes it; the structural role of active PKD is to favour CERT mobility in the cytosol. It is also shown that the influences among key variables often have structurally determined steady-state signs, which can help falsify the models against experimental traces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Giordano
- Delft Center for Systems and Control, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
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Baker J, Falconer AMD, Wilkinson DJ, Europe-Finner GN, Litherland GJ, Rowan AD. Protein kinase D3 modulates MMP1 and MMP13 expression in human chondrocytes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195864. [PMID: 29652915 PMCID: PMC5898748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many catabolic stimuli, including interleukin-1 (IL-1) in combination with oncostatin M (OSM), promote cartilage breakdown via the induction of collagen-degrading collagenases such as matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) and MMP13 in human articular chondrocytes. Indeed, joint diseases with an inflammatory component are characterised by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) catabolism. Importantly, protein kinase C (PKC) signalling has a primary role in cytokine-induced MMP1/13 expression, and is known to regulate cellular functions associated with pathologies involving ECM remodelling. At present, substrates downstream of PKC remain undefined. Herein, we show that both IL-1- and OSM-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase D (PKD) in human chondrocytes is strongly associated with signalling via the atypical PKCι isoform. Consequently, inhibiting PKD activation with a pan-PKD inhibitor significantly reduced the expression of MMP1/13. Specific gene silencing of the PKD isoforms revealed that only PKD3 (PRKD3) depletion mirrored the observed MMP repression, indicative of the pharmacological inhibitor specifically affecting only this isoform. PRKD3 silencing was also shown to reduce serine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) as well as phosphorylation of all three mitogen-activated protein kinase groups. This altered signalling following PRKD3 silencing led to a significant reduction in the expression of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) genes FOS and JUN, critical for the induction of many MMPs including MMP1/13. Furthermore, the AP-1 factor activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was also reduced concomitant with the observed reduction in MMP13 expression. Taken together, we highlight an important role for PKD3 in the pro-inflammatory signalling that promotes cartilage destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Baker
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian M. D. Falconer
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Wilkinson
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - G. Nicholas Europe-Finner
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Gary J. Litherland
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D. Rowan
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Wang W, Duclot F, Groveman BR, Carrier N, Qiao H, Fang XQ, Wang H, Xin W, Jiang XH, Salter MW, Ding XS, Kabbaj M, Yu XM. Hippocampal protein kinase D1 is necessary for DHPG-induced learning and memory impairments in rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195095. [PMID: 29614089 PMCID: PMC5882104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of learning and memory impairments remains a challenge. Recent investigations have shown that the activation of group I mGluRs (mGluR1 and mGluR5) in cultured hippocampal neurons by application of (S)-3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) causes the regulated internalization of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), which subsequently activates protein kinase D1 (PKD1). Through phosphorylating the C-terminals of the NMDAR GluN2 subunits, PKD1 down-regulates the activity of remaining (non-internalized) surface NMDARs. The knockdown of PKD1 does not affect the DHPG-induced inhibition of AMPA receptor-mediated miniature excitatory post-synaptic currents (mEPSCs) but prevents the DHPG-induced inhibition of NMDAR-mediated mEPSCs in vitro. Thus, we investigated the in vivo effects of bilateral infusions of DHPG into the hippocampal CA1 area of rats in the Morris water maze (MWM) and the novel object discrimination (NOD) tests. Methods A total of 300 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (250–280 g) were used for behavioral tests. One hundred ninety four were used in MWM test and the other 106 rats in the NOD test. Following one week of habituation to the vivarium, rats were bilaterally implanted under deep anesthesia with cannulas aimed at the CA1 area of the hippocampus (CA1 coordinates in mm from Bregma: AP -3.14; lateral +/-2; DV -3.0). Through implanted cannulas artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF), the group1 mGluR antagonist 6-Methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP), the dynamin-dependent internalization inhibitor Dynasore, or the PKD1 inhibitor CID755673 were infused into the bilateral hippocampal CA1 areas (2 μL per side, over 5 min). The effects of these infusions and the effects of PKD1 knockdown were examined in MWM or NOD test. Results DHPG infusion increased the latency to reach the platform in the MWM test and reduced the preference for the novel object in the NOD task. We found that the DHPG effects were dose-dependent and could be maintained for up to 2 days. Notably, these effects could be prevented by pre-infusion of the group1 mGluR antagonist MPEP, the dynamin-dependent internalization inhibitor Dynasore, the PKD1 inhibitor CID755673, or by PKD1 knockdown in the hippocampal CA1 area. Conclusion Altogether, these findings provide direct evidence that PKD1-mediated signaling may play a critical role in the induction of learning and memory impairments by DHPG infusion into the hippocampal CA1 area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- BenQ Affiliated Hospital and Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Florian Duclot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bradley R. Groveman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nicole Carrier
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Haifa Qiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Qian Fang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Wenkuan Xin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael W. Salter
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xin-Sheng Ding
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- BenQ Affiliated Hospital and Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XD); (MK); (XMY)
| | - Mohamed Kabbaj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (XD); (MK); (XMY)
| | - Xian-Min Yu
- BenQ Affiliated Hospital and Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XD); (MK); (XMY)
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Ganesh BP, Hall A, Ayyaswamy S, Nelson JW, Fultz R, Major A, Haag A, Esparza M, Lugo M, Venable S, Whary M, Fox JG, Versalovic J. Diacylglycerol kinase synthesized by commensal Lactobacillus reuteri diminishes protein kinase C phosphorylation and histamine-mediated signaling in the mammalian intestinal epithelium. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:380-393. [PMID: 28745328 PMCID: PMC5785580 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri 6475 (Lr) of the human microbiome synthesizes histamine and can suppress inflammation via type 2 histamine receptor (H2R) activation in the mammalian intestine. Gut microbes such as Lr promote H2R signaling and may suppress H1R proinflammatory signaling pathways in parallel by unknown mechanisms. In this study, we identified a soluble bacterial enzyme known as diacylglycerol kinase (Dgk) from Lr that is secreted into the extracellular milieu and presumably into the intestinal lumen. DgK diminishes diacylglycerol (DAG) quantities in mammalian cells by promoting its metabolic conversion and causing reduced protein kinase C phosphorylation (pPKC) as a net effect in mammalian cells. We demonstrated that histamine synthesized by gut microbes (Lr) activates both mammalian H1R and H2R, but Lr-derived Dgk suppresses the H1R signaling pathway. Phospho-PKC and IκBα were diminished within the intestinal epithelium of mice and humans treated by wild-type (WT) Lr, but pPKC and IκBα were not decreased in treatment with ΔdgkA Lr. Mucosal IL-6 and systemic interleukin (IL)-1α, eotaxin, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) were suppressed in WT Lr, but not in ΔdgkA Lr colonized mice. Collectively, the commensal microbe Lr may act as a "microbial antihistamine" by suppressing intestinal H1R-mediated proinflammatory responses via diminished pPKC-mediated mammalian cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Priya Ganesh
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anne Hall
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sriram Ayyaswamy
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Willard Nelson
- Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Fultz
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angela Major
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anthony Haag
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Magdalena Esparza
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Monica Lugo
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Venable
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark Whary
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James Versalovic
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Krylatov AV, Maslov LN, Voronkov NS, Boshchenko AA, Popov SV, Gomez L, Wang H, Jaggi AS, Downey JM. Reactive Oxygen Species as Intracellular Signaling Molecules in the Cardiovascular System. Curr Cardiol Rev 2018; 14:290-300. [PMID: 29962348 PMCID: PMC6300799 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180702152436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Redox signaling plays an important role in the lives of cells. This signaling not only becomes apparent in pathologies but is also thought to be involved in maintaining physiological homeostasis. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can activate protein kinases: CaMKII, PKG, PKA, ERK, PI3K, Akt, PKC, PDK, JNK, p38. It is unclear whether it is a direct interaction of ROS with these kinases or whether their activation is a consequence of inhibition of phosphatases. ROS have a biphasic effect on the transport of Ca2+ in the cell: on one hand, they activate the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, which can reduce the level of Ca2+ in the cell, and on the other hand, they can inactivate Ca2+-ATPase of the plasma membrane and open the cation channels TRPM2, which promote Ca2+-loading and subsequent apoptosis. ROS inhibit the enzyme PHD2, which leads to the stabilization of HIF-α and the formation of the active transcription factor HIF. CONCLUSION Activation of STAT3 and STAT5, induced by cytokines or growth factors, may include activation of NADPH oxidase and enhancement of ROS production. Normal physiological production of ROS under the action of cytokines activates the JAK/STAT while excessive ROS production leads to their inhibition. ROS cause the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Physiological levels of ROS control cell proliferation and angiogenesis. ROS signaling is also involved in beneficial adaptations to survive ischemia and hypoxia, while further increases in ROS can trigger programmed cell death by the mechanism of apoptosis or autophagy. ROS formation in the myocardium can be reduced by moderate exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonid N. Maslov
- Address correspondence to this author at the Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of
Science, Tomsk, Russia; Tel: 3822 262174; Fax: 3822 555057;
E-mail:
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71
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Azoitei N, Cobbaut M, Becher A, Van Lint J, Seufferlein T. Protein kinase D2: a versatile player in cancer biology. Oncogene 2017; 37:1263-1278. [PMID: 29259300 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase D2 (PKD2) is a serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the PKD family of calcium-calmodulin kinases, which comprises three isoforms: PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3. PKD2 is activated by many stimuli including growth factors, phorbol esters, and G-protein-coupled receptor agonists. PKD2 participation to uncontrolled growth, survival, neovascularization, metastasis, and invasion has been documented in various tumor types including pancreatic, colorectal, gastric, hepatic, lung, prostate, and breast cancer, as well as glioma multiforme and leukemia. This review discusses the versatile functions of PKD2 from the perspective of cancer hallmarks as described by Hanahan and Weinberg. The PKD2 status, signaling pathways affected in different tumor types and the molecular mechanisms that lead to tumorigenesis and tumor progression are presented. The latest developments of small-molecule inhibitors selective for PKD/PKD2, as well as the need for further chemotherapies that prevent, slow down, or eliminate tumors are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninel Azoitei
- Center for Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Mathias Cobbaut
- Laboratory for Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Johan Van Lint
- Laboratory for Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Abstract
Receptor activation upon ligand binding induces activation of multiple signaling pathways. To fully understand how these signaling pathways coordinate, it is essential to determine the dynamic nature of the spatiotemporal activation profile of signaling components at the level of single living cells. Here, we outline a detailed methodology for visualizing and quantitatively measuring the spatiotemporal activation of Ras and PKD1 by applying advanced fluorescence imaging techniques, including multichannel, simultaneous imaging and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET).
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73
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Zhang L, Zhao Z, Xu S, Tandon M, LaValle CR, Deng F, Wang QJ. Androgen suppresses protein kinase D1 expression through fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 in prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12800-12811. [PMID: 28077787 PMCID: PMC5355056 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer, androgen/androgen receptor (AR) and their downstream targets play key roles in all stages of disease progression. The protein kinase D (PKD) family, particularly PKD1, has been implicated in prostate cancer biology. Here, we examined the cross-regulation of PKD1 by androgen signaling in prostate cancer cells. Our data showed that the transcription of PKD1 was repressed by androgen in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. Steroid depletion caused up regulation of PKD1 transcript and protein, an effect that was reversed by the AR agonist R1881 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, thus identifying PKD1 as a novel androgen-repressed gene. Kinetic analysis indicated that the repression of PKD1 by androgen required the induction of a repressor protein. Furthermore, inhibition or knockdown of AR reversed AR agonist-induced PKD1 repression, indicating that AR was required for the suppression of PKD1 expression by androgen. Downstream of AR, we identified fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) and its downstream MEK/ERK pathway as mediators of androgen-induced PKD1 repression. In summary, PKD1 was identified as a novel androgen-suppressed gene and could be downregulated by androgen through a novel AR/FRS2/MEK/ERK pathway. The upregulation of prosurvival PKD1 by anti-androgens may contribute to therapeutic resistance in prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhenlong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuping Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Manuj Tandon
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Courtney R LaValle
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Q Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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74
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Yang H, Xu M, Chi X, Yan Q, Wang Y, Xu W, Zhuang K, Li A, Liu S. Higher PKD3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues predicts poorer prognosis for HCC patients. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2017; 41:554-563. [PMID: 28363424 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Protein kinase D (PKD) acts as a key mediator in several cancer development signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and prognostic value of PKD3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after hepatectomy. METHODS PKD3 mRNA and protein expression levels in tumor and matched non-tumoral (NT) tissues, HCC cell lines were evaluated by quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting and immunohistochemical staining (IHC). Additionally, PKD3 mRNA expression in HCC tissues correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival. RESULTS PKD3 mRNA and protein expression was elevated in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines. Our data also showed that in HCC patients after resection, a high-expression of PKD3 mRNA and protein significantly correlated with multiple tumor nodules (P=0.009, P=0.020, respectively), poor tumor differentiation (P=0.001, P=0.004, respectively), high serum AFP level (P=0.005, P=0.002, respectively), vascular invasion (P=0.006, P=0.009, respectively) and advanced AJCC stage (P=0.001, P=0.022, respectively). A Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that an elevated PKD3 mRNA expression correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) (P<0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.008). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that a high-expression of PKD3 was an independent prognostic factor for three-year overall survival rate. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that abnormal PKD3 expression might contribute to HCC progression. Furthermore, high PKD3 expression predicts a poor prognosis in HCC patients after hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People(')s Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People(')s Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Xiufang Chi
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kangmin Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Side Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Liliom H, Tárnok K, Ábrahám Z, Rácz B, Hausser A, Schlett K. Protein kinase D exerts neuroprotective functions during oxidative stress via nuclear factor kappa B-independent signaling pathways. J Neurochem 2017; 142:948-961. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Liliom
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Krisztián Tárnok
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsófia Ábrahám
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Bence Rácz
- Department of Anatomy and Histology; University of Veterinary Medicine; Budapest Hungary
| | - Angelika Hausser
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology; University Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology; University of Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
| | - Katalin Schlett
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
- MTA-ELTE-NAP B - Neuronal Cell Biology Research Group; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
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76
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Ohashi N, Kobayashi R, Nomura W, Kobayakawa T, Czikora A, Herold BK, Lewin NE, Blumberg PM, Tamamura H. Synthesis and Evaluation of Dimeric Derivatives of Diacylglycerol-Lactones as Protein Kinase C Ligands. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2135-2144. [PMID: 28671468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) mediates a central cellular signal transduction pathway involved in disorders such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. PKC is regulated by binding of the second messenger sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) to its tandem C1 domains, designated C1a and C1b, leading both to PKC activation and to its translocation to the plasma membrane and to internal organelles. Depending on the isoform, there may be differences in the ligand selectivity of the C1a and C1b domains, and there is different spacing between the C1 domains of the conventional and novel PKCs. Bivalent ligands have the potential to exploit these differences between isoforms, yielding isoform selectivity. In the present study, we describe the synthesis of a series of dimeric derivatives of conformationally constrained diacylglycerol (DAG) analogs (DAG-lactones). We characterize the derivatives in vitro for their binding affinities, both to a single C1 domain (the C1b domain of PKCδ) as well as to the conventional PKCα isoform and the novel PKCδ isoform, and we measure their abilities to cause translocation of PKCδ and PKCε in intact cells. The dimeric compound with the 10-carbon linker was modestly more effective for the isolated PKCδ C1b domain than was the monomeric compound. For the intact PKCα and PKCδ, the shortest DAG-lactone dimer had similar affinity to the monomer and affinity decreased progressively up to the 16-carbon linker. The dimeric derivatives did not cause the Golgi accumulation of PKCδ. The present results provide important insights into the development of new chemical tools for biological studies on PKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Ohashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Wataru Nomura
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Takuya Kobayakawa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Agnes Czikora
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Brienna K Herold
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Nancy E Lewin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Peter M Blumberg
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hirokazu Tamamura
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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77
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Aït Ghezali L, Arbabian A, Roudot H, Brouland JP, Baran-Marszak F, Salvaris E, Boyd A, Drexler HG, Enyedi A, Letestu R, Varin-Blank N, Papp B. Induction of endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump expression during early leukemic B cell differentiation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2017; 36:87. [PMID: 28651627 PMCID: PMC5485704 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium storage and release play important roles in B lymphocyte maturation, survival, antigen-dependent cell activation and immunoglobulin synthesis. Calcium is accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPases (SERCA enzymes). Because lymphocyte function is critically dependent on SERCA activity, it is important to understand qualitative and quantitative changes of SERCA protein expression that occur during B lymphoid differentiation and leukemogenesis. Methods In this work we investigated the modulation of SERCA expression during the pharmacologically induced differentiation of leukemic precursor B lymphoblast cell lines that carry the E2A-PBX1 fusion oncoprotein. Changes of SERCA levels during differentiation were determined and compared to those of established early B lymphoid differentiation markers. SERCA expression of the cells was compared to that of mature B cell lines as well, and the effect of the direct inhibition of SERCA-dependent calcium transport on the differentiation process was investigated. Results We show that E2A-PBX1+ leukemia cells simultaneously express SERCA2 and SERCA3-type calcium pumps; however, their SERCA3 expression is markedly inferior to that of mature B cells. Activation of protein kinase C enzymes by phorbol ester leads to phenotypic differentiation of the cells, and this is accompanied by the induction of SERCA3 expression. Direct pharmacological inhibition of SERCA-dependent calcium transport during phorbol ester treatment interferes with the differentiation process. Conclusion These data show that the calcium pump composition of the ER is concurrent with increased SERCA3 expression during the differentiation of precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, that a cross-talk exists between SERCA function and the control of differentiation, and that SERCA3 may constitute an interesting new marker for the study of early B cell phenotype. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0556-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Aït Ghezali
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris-13, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 74, rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Hervé Roudot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris-13, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 74, rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny, France.,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, AP-HP, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Fanny Baran-Marszak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris-13, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 74, rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny, France.,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, AP-HP, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - Evelyn Salvaris
- Immunology Research Centre, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Boyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hans G Drexler
- Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Brauschweig, Germany
| | - Agnes Enyedi
- Second Institute of Pathology, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Remi Letestu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris-13, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 74, rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny, France.,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, AP-HP, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - Nadine Varin-Blank
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris-13, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 74, rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Bela Papp
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U978, Bobigny, France. .,Université Paris-13, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 74, rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny, France. .,U978 Inserm, UFR SMBH, Université Paris-13, 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France.
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78
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Zha JS, Zhu BL, Liu L, Lai YJ, Long Y, Hu XT, Deng XJ, Wang XF, Yan Z, Chen GJ. Phorbol esters dPPA/dPA promote furin expression involving transcription factor CEBPβ in neuronal cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60159-60172. [PMID: 28947961 PMCID: PMC5601129 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Using high-throughput small molecule screening targeting furin gene, we identified that phorbol esters dPPA (12-Deoxyphorbol 13-phenylacetate 20-acetate) and dPA (12-Deoxyphorbol 13-acetate) significantly increased furin protein and mRNA expression in SH-SY5Y cells. This effect was prevented by PKC (protein kinase C) inhibitor calphostin C but not Ro318220, suggesting that the C1 domain, rather than the catalytic domain of PKC plays an important role. Luciferase assay revealed that nucleotides -7925 to -7426 were sufficient to mediate dPPA/dPA enhancement of furin P1 promoter activity. RNA interference of transcriptional factors CEBPβ (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β) and GATA1 revealed that knockdown of CEBPβ significantly attenuated the effect of dPPA on furin expression. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK and PI3K but not TGFβ receptor diminished the up-regulation of furin by dPPA. These results suggested that in neuronal cells, transcriptional activation of furin by dPPA/dPA may be initiated by C1 domain containing proteins including PKC; the intracellular signaling involves ERK and PI3K and transcription factor CEBPβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Si Zha
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bing-Lin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yu-Jie Lai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Long
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue-Feng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
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79
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Elhalem E, Donadío LG, Zhou X, Lewin NE, Garcia LC, Lai CC, Kelley JA, Peach ML, Blumberg PM, Comin MJ. Exploring the influence of indololactone structure on selectivity for binding to the C1 domains of PKCα, PKCε, and RasGRP. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2971-2980. [PMID: 28392275 PMCID: PMC5493039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
C1 domain-containing proteins, such as protein kinase C (PKC), have a central role in cellular signal transduction. Their involvement in many diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and immunological and neurological disorders has been extensively demonstrated and has prompted a search for small molecules to modulate their activity. By employing a diacylglycerol (DAG)-lactone template, we have been able to develop ultra potent analogs of diacylglycerol with nanomolar binding affinities approaching those of complex natural products such as phorbol esters and bryostatins. One current challenge is the development of selective ligands capable of discriminating between different protein family members. Recently, structure-activity relationship studies have shown that the introduction of an indole ring as a DAG-lactone substituent yielded selective Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein (RasGRP1) activators when compared to PKCα and PKCε. In the present work, we examine the effects of ligand selectivity relative to the orientation of the indole ring and the nature of the DAG-lactone template itself. Our results show that the indole ring must be attached to the lactone moiety through the sn-2 position in order to achieve RasGRP1 selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Elhalem
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Center of Research and Development in Chemistry, National Institute of Industrial Technology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Gandolfi Donadío
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Center of Research and Development in Chemistry, National Institute of Industrial Technology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nancy E Lewin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lia C Garcia
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Center of Research and Development in Chemistry, National Institute of Industrial Technology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christopher C Lai
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - James A Kelley
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Megan L Peach
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Chemical Biology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Peter M Blumberg
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - María J Comin
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Center of Research and Development in Chemistry, National Institute of Industrial Technology, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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80
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Roy A, Ye J, Deng F, Wang QJ. Protein kinase D signaling in cancer: A friend or foe? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:283-294. [PMID: 28577984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase D is a family of evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinases that belongs to the Ca++/Calmodulin-dependent kinase superfamily. Signal transduction pathways mediated by PKD can be triggered by a variety of stimuli including G protein-coupled receptor agonists, growth factors, hormones, and cellular stresses. The regulatory mechanisms and physiological roles of PKD have been well documented including cell proliferation, survival, migration, angiogenesis, regulation of gene expression, and protein/membrane trafficking. However, its precise roles in disease progression, especially in cancer, remain elusive. A plethora of studies documented the cell- and tissue-specific expressions and functions of PKD in various cancer-associated biological processes, while the causes of the differential effects of PKD have not been thoroughly investigated. In this review, we have discussed the structural-functional properties, activation mechanisms, signaling pathways and physiological functions of PKD in the context of human cancer. Additionally, we have provided a comprehensive review of the reported tumor promoting or tumor suppressive functions of PKD in several major cancer types and discussed the discrepancies that have been raised on PKD as a major regulator of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhiraj Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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81
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Liu Y, Li J, Zhang J, Yu Z, Yu S, Wu L, Wang Y, Gong X, Wu C, Cai X, Mo L, Wang M, Gu J, Chen L. Oncogenic Protein Kinase D3 Regulating Networks in Invasive Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:748-758. [PMID: 28656000 PMCID: PMC5485630 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.18472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein Kinase D3 (PRKD3) functions as an important oncogenic driver in invasive breast cancer, which is the leading cause of women mortality. However, PRKD3 regulating network is largely unknown. In this study, we systematically explored PRKD3 regulating networks via investigating phosphoproteome, interactome and transcriptome to uncover the molecular mechanism of PRKD3 in invasive breast cancer. Using iTRAQ, 270 proteins were identified as PRKD3 regulated phosphoproteins from 4619 phosphosites matching 3666 phosphopeptides from 2016 phosphoproteins with p-value <0.005. Transcriptome analysis using affymetrix microarray identified 45 PRKD3 regulated genes, in which 20 genes were upregulated and 25 genes were downregulated with p-value <0.005 upon silencing PRKD3. Using Co-IP in combination of MS identification, 606 proteins were identified to be PRKD3 interacting proteins from 2659 peptides. Further network analysis of PRKD3 regulated phosphoproteins, interacting proteins and regulated genes, reveals 19 hub nodes, including ELAVL1, UBC and BRCA1. UBC was recognized as the most common hub node in PRKD3 regulating networks. The enriched pathway analysis reveals that PRKD3 regulates pathways contributing to multiple cancer related events, including cell cycle, migration and others. Enrichment of cell cycle and cell mobility related pathways across PRKD3 networks, explained the observations that depletion of oncogenic PRKD3 led to alternation of cell cycle and decrease of cell migration ability. Taken together, our current study provided valuable information on the roles as well as the molecular mechanisms of PRKD3 in invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Zhenghong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, NanJing 210002, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lele Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xue Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xiuxiu Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lin Mo
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, NanJing 210002, P. R. China
| | - Mingya Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, NanJing 210002, P. R. China
| | - Liming Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
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82
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Cobbaut M, Derua R, Döppler H, Lou HJ, Vandoninck S, Storz P, Turk BE, Seufferlein T, Waelkens E, Janssens V, Van Lint J. Differential regulation of PKD isoforms in oxidative stress conditions through phosphorylation of a conserved Tyr in the P+1 loop. Sci Rep 2017; 7:887. [PMID: 28428613 PMCID: PMC5430542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00800-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases are essential molecules in life and their crucial function requires tight regulation. Many kinases are regulated via phosphorylation within their activation loop. This loop is embedded in the activation segment, which additionally contains the Mg2+ binding loop and a P + 1 loop that is important in substrate binding. In this report, we identify Abl-mediated phosphorylation of a highly conserved Tyr residue in the P + 1 loop of protein kinase D2 (PKD2) during oxidative stress. Remarkably, we observed that the three human PKD isoforms display very different degrees of P + 1 loop Tyr phosphorylation and we identify one of the molecular determinants for this divergence. This is paralleled by a different activation mechanism of PKD1 and PKD2 during oxidative stress. Tyr phosphorylation in the P + 1 loop of PKD2 increases turnover for Syntide-2, while substrate specificity and the role of PKD2 in NF-κB signaling remain unaffected. Importantly, Tyr to Phe substitution renders the kinase inactive, jeopardizing its use as a non-phosphorylatable mutant. Since large-scale proteomics studies identified P + 1 loop Tyr phosphorylation in more than 70 Ser/Thr kinases in multiple conditions, our results do not only demonstrate differential regulation/function of PKD isoforms under oxidative stress, but also have implications for kinase regulation in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Cobbaut
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita Derua
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heike Döppler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Hua Jane Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sandy Vandoninck
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Etienne Waelkens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Lint
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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83
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Verschueren K, Cobbaut M, Demaerel J, Saadah L, Voet ARD, Van Lint J, De Borggraeve WM. Discovery of a potent protein kinase D inhibitor: insights in the binding mode of pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine analogues. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:640-646. [PMID: 28890776 PMCID: PMC5567267 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00675b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we set out to rationally optimize PKD inhibitors based on the pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine scaffold. The lead compound for this study was 1-NM-PP1, which was previously found by us and others to inhibit PKD. In our screening we identified one compound (3-IN-PP1) displaying a 10-fold increase in potency over 1-NM-PP1, opening new possibilities for specific protein kinase inhibitors for kinases that show sensitivity towards pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derived compounds. Interestingly the observed SAR was not in complete agreement with the commonly observed binding mode where the pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine compounds are bound in a similar fashion as PKD's natural ligand ATP. Therefore we suggest an alternate binding mode where the compounds are flipped 180 degrees. This possible alternate binding mode for pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine based compounds could pave the way for a new class of specific protein kinase inhibitors for kinases sensitive towards pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrmidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas Verschueren
- Department of Chemistry , Molecular Design and Synthesis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Mathias Cobbaut
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics , KU Leuven , Herestraat 49 box 901 , 3000 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Joachim Demaerel
- Department of Chemistry , Molecular Design and Synthesis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Lina Saadah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics , KU Leuven , Herestraat 49 box 901 , 3000 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Arnout R D Voet
- Department of Chemistry , Laboratory of Biomolecular Modeling and Design , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200G , 3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Johan Van Lint
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics , KU Leuven , Herestraat 49 box 901 , 3000 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Wim M De Borggraeve
- Department of Chemistry , Molecular Design and Synthesis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium .
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84
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Protein kinase D2 contributes to TNF-α-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition and invasion via the PI3K/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:5327-41. [PMID: 26683365 PMCID: PMC4868689 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although protein kinase D (PKD) has been shown to contribute to invasion and metastasis in several types of cancer, the role of PKD in the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has remained unclear. We found that PKD2 is up-regulated in HCC and is correlated with the metastasis of HCC. PKD2 positively regulated TNF-α-induced EMT and metastasis of HCC. Mechanistic studies revealed TNF-α-induced PKD2 activation is mediated by the formation of a TNFR1/TRAF2 complex. PKD2 bound directly to the p110α and p85 subunits of PI3K and promoted the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling cascade to stimulate EMT. In conclusion, our results have uncovered a novel role for the regulation of EMT and suggest inhibition of PKD2 as a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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85
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Li S, Xu W, Xing Z, Qian J, Chen L, Gu R, Guo W, Lai X, Zhao W, Li S, Wang Y, Wang QJ, Deng F. A Conditional Knockout Mouse Model Reveals a Critical Role of PKD1 in Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40505. [PMID: 28084409 PMCID: PMC5233966 DOI: 10.1038/srep40505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase D family of serine/threonine kinases, particularly PKD1, has been implicated in the regulation of a complex array of fundamental biological processes. However, its function and mechanism underlying PKD1-mediated the bone development and osteoblast differentiation are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that loss of PKD1 function led to impaired bone development and osteoblast differentiation through STAT3 and p38 MAPK signaling using in vitro and in vivo bone-specific conditional PKD1-knockout (PKD1-KO) mice models. These mice developed markedly craniofacial dysplasia, scapula dysplasia, long bone length shortage and body weight decrease compared with wild-type littermates. Moreover, deletion of PKD1 in vivo reduced trabecular development and activity of osteoblast development, confirmed by Micro-CT and histological staining as well as expression of osteoblastic marker (OPN, Runx2 and OSX). Mechanistically, loss of PKD1 mediated the downregulation of osteoblast markers and impaired osteoblast differentiation through STAT3 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Taken together, these results demonstrated that PKD1 contributes to the osteoblast differentiation and bone development via elevation of osteoblast markers through activation of STAT3 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jiabi Qian
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Ruonan Gu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoju Lai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Wanlu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Songyu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yaodong Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Q Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
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86
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Salamon P, Shefler I, Hershko AY, Mekori YA. The Involvement of Protein Kinase D in T Cell-Induced Mast Cell Activation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2017; 171:203-208. [DOI: 10.1159/000452625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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87
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Shin JE, Cho Y. Epigenetic Regulation of Axon Regeneration after Neural Injury. Mol Cells 2017; 40:10-16. [PMID: 28152303 PMCID: PMC5303884 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
When peripheral axons are damaged, neuronal injury signaling pathways induce transcriptional changes that support axon regeneration and consequent functional recovery. The recent development of bioinformatics techniques has allowed for the identification of many of the regeneration-associated genes that are regulated by neural injury, yet it remains unclear how global changes in transcriptome are coordinated. In this article, we review recent studies on the epigenetic mechanisms orchestrating changes in gene expression in response to nerve injury. We highlight the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in discriminating efficient axon regeneration in the peripheral nervous system and very limited axon regrowth in the central nervous system and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting epigenetic regulators to improve neural recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Shin
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Yongcheol Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
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88
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Abstract
Sperm motility is an essential trait for successful fertilization in animals. In birds, ejaculated sperm migrate into sperm storage tubules before fertilization and are stored in a quiescent state. We previously reported that this type of sperm's flagellar quiescence was induced by lactic acid through flagellar dynein ATPase inactivation following cytoplasmic acidification (<pH 6.0). However, signal transduction in the sperm cells leading to motility inactivation is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of protein kinases in putative signal transduction in quail spermatozoa motility in vitro. Following incubation with bisindolylmaleimide II (BisII), a potent-competitive protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, sperm motility decreased in a dose related-manner. However, no such inhibitory effect was found in sperm exposed to bisindolylmaleimide V, H-89, or LY294002, a weak inhibitor of PKC, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA) and a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, respectively. BisII-treated sperm exhibited no significant differences in pH i , [Ca2+] i , mitochondrial activity, intracellular cAMP or ATP concentration, as well as dynein ATPase activity, compared to the control sperm. However, when the phosphorylated substrate proteins by PKC were detected by Western blot analysis, the intensity of the band in sperm incubated in the presence of BisII decreased. Moreover, immunoreactive PKCι and µ isoforms in the sperm lysates were also detected. These results indicated that the PKC signaling pathway may be involved in sperm motility regulation, and protein phosphorylation by PKC may be required to maintain flagellar movement in the Japanese quail.
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89
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Tenconi PE, Giusto NM, Salvador GA, Mateos MV. Phospholipase D1 modulates protein kinase C-epsilon in retinal pigment epithelium cells during inflammatory response. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 81:67-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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90
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Protein Kinase D2 Protects against Acute Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium in Mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34079. [PMID: 27659202 PMCID: PMC5034322 DOI: 10.1038/srep34079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by dysregulation of the mucosal immune system resulting from impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function. Protein kinase D2 has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses. The present study was to define PKD2 might affect murine colitis. Colitis was induced in wild-type mice (PKD2WT/WT) and PKD2 catalytic activity deficient mice (PKD2SSAA/SSAA) with dextran sulfate sodium. PKD2SSAA-knockin mice displayed catalytic activity deficiency and increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis with enhanced weight loss, colonic inflammation compared with PKD2WT/WT mice. Furthermore, crucial inflammatory cytokines mRNA levels in PKD2SSAA-knockin mice were higher than controls accompanied with down-regulation of ZO-1, MUC2 and intestinal barrier dysfunction. However, there were no differences in the proliferation or apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in PKD2SSAA-knockin mice compared with wild-type controls. In addition, PKD2 expression was repressed in patients with IBD compared with healthy controls. These studies suggested that activation of PKD2 in the colonic epithelium microenvironment may contribute to protect against DSS-induced colitis through regulation of intestinal mucosal immunity and barrier function.
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91
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Tsai YY, Rainey WE, Johnson MH, Bollag WB. VLDL-activated cell signaling pathways that stimulate adrenal cell aldosterone production. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 433:138-46. [PMID: 27222295 PMCID: PMC4955520 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Aldosterone plays an important role in regulating ion and fluid homeostasis and thus blood pressure, and hyperaldosteronism results in hypertension. Hypertension is also observed with obesity, which is associated with additional health risks, including cardiovascular disease. Obese individuals have high serum levels of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), which has been shown to stimulate aldosterone production; however, the mechanisms underlying VLDL-induced aldosterone production are still unclear. Here we demonstrate in human adrenocortical carcinoma (HAC15) cells that submaximal concentrations of angiotensin II and VLDL stimulate aldosterone production in an additive fashion, suggesting the possibility of common mechanisms of action. We show using inhibitors that VLDL-induced aldosterone production is mediated by the PLC/IP3/PKC signaling pathway. Our results suggest that PKC is upstream of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation previously observed with VLDL. An understanding of the mechanisms mediating VLDL-induced aldosterone production may provide insights into therapies to treat obesity-associated hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Tsai
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States
| | - William E Rainey
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States
| | - Maribeth H Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, United States; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States.
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92
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Inhibition of Reactive Gliosis in the Retina of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes under the Action of Hydrated C60 Fullerene. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-016-9579-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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93
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Döppler H, Bastea L, Borges S, Geiger X, Storz P. The phosphorylation status of VASP at serine 322 can be predictive for aggressiveness of invasive ductal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:29740-52. [PMID: 26336132 PMCID: PMC4745759 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) signaling is critical for dynamic actin reorganization processes that define the motile phenotype of cells. Here we show that VASP is generally highly expressed in normal breast tissue and breast cancer. We also show that the phosphorylation status of VASP at S322 can be predictive for breast cancer progression to an aggressive phenotype. Our data indicate that phosphorylation at S322 is gradually decreased from normal breast to DCIS, luminal/ER+, HER2+ and basal-like/TN phenotypes. Similarly, the expression levels of PKD2, the kinase that phosphorylates VASP at this site, are decreased in invasive ductal carcinoma samples of all three groups. Overall, the phosphorylation status of this residue may serve as an indicator of aggressiveness of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Döppler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Ligia Bastea
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Sahra Borges
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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94
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Ren B. Protein Kinase D1 Signaling in Angiogenic Gene Expression and VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:37. [PMID: 27200349 PMCID: PMC4854877 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D 1 (PKD-1) is a signaling kinase important in fundamental cell functions including migration, proliferation, and differentiation. PKD-1 is also a key regulator of gene expression and angiogenesis that is essential for cardiovascular development and tumor progression. Further understanding molecular aspects of PKD-1 signaling in the regulation of angiogenesis may have translational implications in obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The author will summarize and provide the insights into molecular mechanisms by which PKD-1 regulates transcriptional expression of angiogenic genes, focusing on the transcriptional regulation of CD36 by PKD-1-FoxO1 signaling axis along with the potential implications of this axis in arterial differentiation and morphogenesis. He will also discuss a new concept of dynamic balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic signaling in determining angiogenic switch, and stress how PKD-1 signaling regulates VEGF signaling-mediated angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ren
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, USA; Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, USA
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95
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Genkwadaphnin promotes leukocyte migration by increasing CD44 expression via PKD1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Immunol Lett 2016; 173:69-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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96
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ROS and ROS-Mediated Cellular Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4350965. [PMID: 26998193 PMCID: PMC4779832 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4350965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1066] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can modify the cell-signaling proteins and have functional consequences, which successively mediate pathological processes such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, unchecked growth, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and aging. While numerous articles have demonstrated the impacts of ROS on various signaling pathways and clarify the mechanism of action of cell-signaling proteins, their influence on the level of intracellular ROS, and their complex interactions among multiple ROS associated signaling pathways, the systemic summary is necessary. In this review paper, we particularly focus on the pattern of the generation and homeostasis of intracellular ROS, the mechanisms and targets of ROS impacting on cell-signaling proteins (NF-κB, MAPKs, Keap1-Nrf2-ARE, and PI3K-Akt), ion channels and transporters (Ca(2+) and mPTP), and modifying protein kinase and Ubiquitination/Proteasome System.
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Zhou X. How do kinases contribute to tonicity-dependent regulation of the transcription factor NFAT5? World J Nephrol 2016; 5:20-32. [PMID: 26788461 PMCID: PMC4707165 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NFAT5 plays a critical role in maintaining the renal functions. Its dis-regulation in the kidney leads to or is associated with certain renal diseases or disorders, most notably the urinary concentration defect. Hypertonicity, which the kidney medulla is normally exposed to, activates NFAT5 through phosphorylation of a signaling molecule or NFAT5 itself. Hypotonicity inhibits NFAT5 through a similar mechanism. More than a dozen of protein and lipid kinases have been identified to contribute to tonicity-dependent regulation of NFAT5. Hypertonicity activates NFAT5 by increasing its nuclear localization and transactivating activity in the early phase and protein abundance in the late phase. The known mechanism for inhibition of NFAT5 by hypotonicity is a decrease of nuclear NFAT5. The present article reviews the effect of each kinase on NFAT5 nuclear localization, transactivation and protein abundance, and the relationship among these kinases, if known. Cyclosporine A and tacrolimus suppress immune reactions by inhibiting the phosphatase calcineurin-dependent activation of NFAT1. It is hoped that this review would stimulate the interest to seek explanations from the NFAT5 regulatory pathways for certain clinical presentations and to explore novel therapeutic approaches based on the pathways. On the basic science front, this review raises two interesting questions. The first one is how these kinases can specifically signal to NFAT5 in the context of hypertonicity or hypotonicity, because they also regulate other cellular activities and even opposite activities in some cases. The second one is why these many kinases, some of which might have redundant functions, are needed to regulate NFAT5 activity. This review reiterates the concept of signaling through cooperation. Cells need these kinases working in a coordinated way to provide the signaling specificity that is lacking in the individual one. Redundancy in regulation of NFAT5 is a critical strategy for cells to maintain robustness against hypertonic or hypotonic stress.
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Fang XQ, Qiao H, Groveman BR, Feng S, Pflueger M, Xin WK, Ali MK, Lin SX, Xu J, Duclot F, Kabbaj M, Wang W, Ding XS, Santiago-Sim T, Jiang XH, Salter MW, Yu XM. Regulated internalization of NMDA receptors drives PKD1-mediated suppression of the activity of residual cell-surface NMDA receptors. Mol Brain 2015; 8:75. [PMID: 26584860 PMCID: PMC4653853 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Constitutive and regulated internalization of cell surface proteins has been extensively investigated. The regulated internalization has been characterized as a principal mechanism for removing cell-surface receptors from the plasma membrane, and signaling to downstream targets of receptors. However, so far it is still not known whether the functional properties of remaining (non-internalized) receptor/channels may be regulated by internalization of the same class of receptor/channels. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is a principal subtype of glutamate-gated ion channel and plays key roles in neuronal plasticity and memory functions. NMDARs are well-known to undergo two types of regulated internalization – homologous and heterologous, which can be induced by high NMDA/glycine and DHPG, respectively. In the present work, we investigated effects of regulated NMDAR internalization on the activity of residual cell-surface NMDARs and neuronal functions. Results In electrophysiological experiments we discovered that the regulated internalization of NMDARs not only reduced the number of cell surface NMDARs but also caused an inhibition of the activity of remaining (non-internalized) surface NMDARs. In biochemical experiments we identified that this functional inhibition of remaining surface NMDARs was mediated by increased serine phosphorylation of surface NMDARs, resulting from the activation of protein kinase D1 (PKD1). Knockdown of PKD1 did not affect NMDAR internalization but prevented the phosphorylation and inhibition of remaining surface NMDARs and NMDAR-mediated synaptic functions. Conclusion These data demonstrate a novel concept that regulated internalization of cell surface NMDARs not only reduces the number of NMDARs on the cell surface but also causes an inhibition of the activity of remaining surface NMDARs through intracellular signaling pathway(s). Furthermore, modulating the activity of remaining surface receptors may be an effective approach for treating receptor internalization-induced changes in neuronal functions of the CNS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13041-015-0167-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Fang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Haifa Qiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Bradley R Groveman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Shuang Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Melissa Pflueger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Wen-Kuan Xin
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Mohammad K Ali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Shuang-Xiu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Jindong Xu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Florian Duclot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Mohamed Kabbaj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
| | - Xin-Sheng Ding
- Department of Neurology, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China. .,BenQ Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210021, PR China.
| | - Teresa Santiago-Sim
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston Vivian L. Smith, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Xing-Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Michael W Salter
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Xian-Min Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA. .,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1G6, Canada. .,BenQ Neurological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210021, PR China. .,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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The Novel Functions of the PLC/PKC/PKD Signaling Axis in G Protein-Coupled Receptor-Mediated Chemotaxis of Neutrophils. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:817604. [PMID: 26605346 PMCID: PMC4641950 DOI: 10.1155/2015/817604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis, a directional cell migration guided by extracellular chemoattractant gradients, plays an essential role in the recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammation. Chemotaxis is mediated by the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway. Extracellular stimuli trigger activation of the PLC/PKC/PKD signaling axis, which controls several signaling pathways. Here, we concentrate on the novel functions of PLC/PKC/PKD signaling in GPCR-mediated chemotaxis of neutrophils.
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Higa-Nakamine S, Maeda N, Toku S, Yamamoto H. Involvement of Protein Kinase D1 in Signal Transduction from the Protein Kinase C Pathway to the Tyrosine Kinase Pathway in Response to Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:25974-85. [PMID: 26338704 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.681700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and its stimulation activates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK). We found that the transactivation of ErbB4 was involved in GnRH-induced ERK activation in immortalized GnRH neurons (GT1-7 cells). We found also that GnRH induced the cleavage of ErbB4. In the present study, we examined signal transduction for the activation of ERK and the cleavage of ErbB4 after GnRH treatment. Both ERK activation and ErbB4 cleavage were completely inhibited by YM-254890, an inhibitor of Gq/11 proteins. Down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) markedly decreased both ERK activation and ErbB4 cleavage. Experiments with two types of PKC inhibitors, Gö 6976 and bisindolylmaleimide I, indicated that novel PKC isoforms but not conventional PKC isoforms were involved in ERK activation and ErbB4 cleavage. Our experiments indicated that the novel PKC isoforms activated protein kinase D (PKD) after GnRH treatment. Knockdown and inhibitor experiments suggested that PKD1 stimulated the phosphorylation of Pyk2 by constitutively activated Src and Fyn for ERK activation. Taken together, it is highly possible that PKD1 plays a critical role in signal transduction from the PKC pathway to the tyrosine kinase pathway. Activation of the tyrosine kinase pathway may be involved in the progression of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayomi Higa-Nakamine
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Noriko Maeda
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Seikichi Toku
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yamamoto
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
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