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Zhong W, Wang F, Chi L, Yang X, Yang Y, Wang Z. Association between Sleep Duration and Depression among the Elderly Population in China. Exp Aging Res 2021; 48:387-399. [PMID: 34969355 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2021.2008755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to understand how sleep duration could affect depression among elderly in China. METHOD A total of 7103 individuals aged 60 and older were selected from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to estimate the relationship between sleep duration and depression, and we performed stratified analyses by age: young-old elderly, old-old elderly and oldest-old elderly. RESULTS Short sleep duration significantly incresased CES-D10 depression scores. In addition, the participants with middle sleep duration had higher CES-D10 scores compared to the participants with long sleep duration among young-old elderly, and we found that middle sleep duration was not significantly different from CES-D10 scores after adjustment for demographics, frequencies of activities and Chronic diseases. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that there was a complex association between depression and sleep duration among elderly in China. Different from previous research results on the middle or normal sleep time of the elderly, the middle sleep duration maybe not optimal sleep duration in this study. Investigation of sleep extension to prevent depression may be warranted among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhong
- School of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Wang
- School of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulu Chi
- School of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueying Yang
- School of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingxi Yang
- School of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Puai Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, China
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52
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Lang CP, Boucaut A, Guppy M, Johnston LM. Children with cerebral palsy: A cross-sectional study of their sleep and their caregiver's sleep quality, psychological health and well-being. Child Care Health Dev 2021; 47:859-868. [PMID: 34265112 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are more likely to experience sleep problems. Their sleep difficulties have been shown to be related to poorer sleep quality for their parents and caregivers. While poor sleep has been linked with poorer psychological health in other populations, few studies have focused on the potential effects of children's and caregivers' sleep disturbance on caregivers' psychological health and well-being in families of children with CP. This study investigated the association between caregivers' psychological health and well-being and their sleep quality and the sleep of their children with CP. METHOD Ninety-four caregivers (86% mothers; age range = 29-76 years) of children with CP aged 4 to 14 years of varying physical abilities (Gross Motor Function Classification Scale expanded and revised-level I (24), II (20), III (16), IV (10), V (24)) were recruited from a state-wide rehabilitation service. Caregivers completed the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, Resilience Scale, Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and a demographic questionnaire. RESULTS Sleep problems were reported for 55% of children. Poor sleep quality was reported by 71% of caregivers. While 25% of caregivers reported positive well-being and 86% reported high to very high levels of resilience, 44% reported poor psychological health. Child sleep problems were related to poorer caregiver sleep quality (r = 0.47, p < 0.001). Poorer caregiver sleep quality was related to poorer caregiver psychological health (r = 0.43-0.51, all p < 0.001) and well-being (r = -0.48, p < 0.001), but not resilience (r = 0.18, p = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS High numbers of children with CP and their caregivers experience poor sleep that extends far past infancy. Poor sleep quality is associated with poorer psychological health and well-being for caregivers. Further development of responsive support services that address caregivers' sleep is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryne P Lang
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Queensland, Australia.,School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda Boucaut
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,A T Psychology, Caboolture, Queensland, Australia
| | - Max Guppy
- Cerebral Palsy League, Geebung, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leanne M Johnston
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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53
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Gunst A, Sjöström E, Sundén M, Antfolk J. The Mother-Offspring Conflict: The Association Between Maternal Sleep, Postpartum Depression, and Interbirth Interval Length. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 19:14747049211046162. [PMID: 34636661 PMCID: PMC10358409 DOI: 10.1177/14747049211046162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that infant night waking is an adaptation to increase interbirth intervals (IBIs) (i.e., the time between a mother's consecutive births) by exhausting the mother, we made an initial attempt at investigating whether maternal sleep disturbance is associated with longer IBIs. We also explored whether postpartum depression symptoms mediated the association between maternal sleep disturbance and IBI length. We used retrospective self-reports from 729 mothers living in Finland. We conducted structural regressions separately for the mother's two first children at two different age intervals (0-1 and 1-3 years). Infant night waking was associated with maternal sleep disturbance (β = .78-.84) and maternal sleep disturbance was associated with postpartum depression symptoms (β = .69-.81). Postpartum depression symptoms were also associated with longer IBIs for the first child (β = .23-.28). This result supports the notion that postpartum depression in and of itself could be viewed as adaptive for the offspring's fitness, and not just as an unintentional byproduct of the mother's sleep disturbance. Contrary to our prediction, maternal sleep disturbance was, however, associated with shorter IBIs for the first child (β = -.22 to -.30) when including postpartum depression symptoms in the model. We discuss the potential role of social support as an explanation for this unexpected result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Gunst
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Elin Sjöström
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - My Sundén
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jan Antfolk
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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54
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Martin EL, Strickland JC, Schlienz NJ, Munson J, Jackson H, Bonn-Miller MO, Vandrey R. Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects of Medicinal Cannabis Use in an Observational Trial. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:729800. [PMID: 34566726 PMCID: PMC8458732 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.729800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Anxiety and depressive disorders are highly prevalent. Patients are increasingly using medicinal cannabis products to treat these disorders, but little is known about the effects of medicinal cannabis use on symptoms of anxiety and depression. The aim of the present observational study was to assess general health in medicinal cannabis users and non-using controls with anxiety and/or depression. Methods: Participants (368 Cannabis Users; 170 Controls) completed an online survey assessing anxiety and depressive symptoms, cannabis product use, sleep, quality of life, and comorbid chronic pain. Participants that completed this baseline survey were then invited to complete additional follow-up surveys at 3-month intervals. Baseline differences between Cannabis Users and Controls were assessed using independent-samples t-tests and generalized linear mixed effects models were used to assess the impact of initiating cannabis product use, sustained use, or discontinuation of use on anxiety and depressive symptoms at follow-up. Results: Medicinal cannabis use was associated with lower self-reported depression, but not anxiety, at baseline. Medicinal cannabis users also reported superior sleep, quality of life, and less pain on average. Initiation of medicinal cannabis during the follow-up period was associated with significantly decreased anxiety and depressive symptoms, an effect that was not observed in Controls that never initiated cannabis use. Conclusions: Medicinal cannabis use may reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms in clinically anxious and depressed populations. Future placebo-controlled studies are necessary to replicate these findings and to determine the route of administration, dose, and product formulation characteristics to optimize clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L. Martin
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Justin C. Strickland
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicolas J. Schlienz
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Realm of Caring Foundation, Colorado Springs, CO, United States
| | - Joel Munson
- Realm of Caring Foundation, Colorado Springs, CO, United States
| | - Heather Jackson
- Realm of Caring Foundation, Colorado Springs, CO, United States
| | | | - Ryan Vandrey
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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55
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Jain R, Ganesan RA. Reliable sleep staging of unseen subjects with fusion of multiple EEG features and RUSBoost. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.103061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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56
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Choi YH, Yang KI, Yun CH, Kim WJ, Heo K, Chu MK. Impact of Insomnia Symptoms on the Clinical Presentation of Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Population Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:716097. [PMID: 34434165 PMCID: PMC8381020 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.716097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Insomnia and depression are prevalent disorders that often co-occur. This study aimed to investigate the impact of clinically significant insomnia symptoms on the prevalence and clinical presentation of clinically significant depressive symptoms and vice versa. Methods: This study used data from the Korean Headache-Sleep Study (KHSS), a nationwide cross-sectional population-based survey regarding headache and sleep. Clinically significant insomnia symptoms were defined as Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores ≥ 10 and clinically significant depressive symptoms were defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores ≥ 10, respectively. We referred clinically significant insomnia symptoms and clinically significant depressive symptoms as insomnia symptoms and depressive symptoms, respectively. Results: Of 2,695 participants, 290 (10.8%) and 116 (4.3%) were classified as having insomnia and depressive symptoms, respectively. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was higher among participants with insomnia symptoms than in those without insomnia symptoms (25.9 vs. 1.7%, respectively, P < 0.001). Among participants with depressive symptoms, the PHQ-9 scores were not significantly different between participants with and without insomnia symptoms (P = 0.124). The prevalence of insomnia symptoms was significantly higher among participants with depressive symptoms than in those without depressive symptoms (64.7 vs. 8.3%, respectively, P < 0.001). The ISI scores were significantly higher among participants with insomnia and depressive symptoms than in participants with insomnia symptoms alone (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Participants with depressive symptoms had a higher risk of insomnia symptoms than did those without depressive symptoms. The severity of depressive symptoms did not significantly differ based on insomnia symptoms among participants with depressive symptoms; however, the severity of insomnia symptoms was significantly higher in participants with depressive symptoms than in those without depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ho Choi
- Department of Neurology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kwang Ik Yang
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Yun
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Won-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Heo
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Kyung Chu
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Blacha AK, Kropp P, Rahvar AH, Flitsch J, van de Loo I, Harbeck B. Poor quality of life and sleep in patients with adrenal insufficiency-another cause of increased mortality? Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1653-1658. [PMID: 34389925 PMCID: PMC9308573 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) are treated with glucocorticoid replacement therapy (GRT). Although current glucocorticoid regimens aim to mimic the physiological circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion, temporary phases of hypo- and hypercortisolism are common undesired effects which lead to a variety of consequences like increased cardiovascular risk and premature mortality. Additionally, poor quality of life (QoL) and impaired sleep have been reported. However, little is known about these topics regarding the effects of daily dosage, duration of therapy, and patients with different forms of AI (primary, PAI, and secondary, SAI). Methods In this study, 40 adults with AI substituted with hydrocortisone (HC) and 20 matched healthy controls completed questionnaires evaluating depressive symptoms, subjective health status, quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness. Furthermore, demographic data, dosage of HC, duration of therapy and co-medication were evaluated. Patients were compared in different groups. Results Patients assessed general health significantly worse than controls; likewise, daytime sleepiness was reported significantly more often. Depressive symptoms differed significantly in the two groups but did not reach clinically relevant scores. There was no difference between patients with PAI and SAI. High dosage of hydrocortisone had negative impact on mental health but not on sleep quality or daytime sleepiness. Conclusions The present data highlight that poor QoL and impaired sleep are still severe and underrated issues in current GRT and might be additional factors for premature mortality in patients with AI. Some AI patients reach normal or near-normal self-assessed QoL and sleep, even despite unphysiological replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje K Blacha
- I. Department of Medicine, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Peter Kropp
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Amir H Rahvar
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Birgit Harbeck
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Amedes Experts, Hamburg, Germany.
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58
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Oh JW, Park JY, Lee S. Association between exercise variations and depressive symptoms among precarious employees in South Korea. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15952. [PMID: 34354166 PMCID: PMC8342533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Research regarding the association between depression and exercise has been limited regarding precariously employed individuals. The current study investigated the association between exercise variations and depressive symptoms among precarious employees in South Korea. Data from the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were analyzed. In total, 13,080 participants aged ≥ 19 years responded to the survey. The Korean version of the PHQ-9 was utilized in addition to questions assessing regular exercise. Precariously employed men engaging in two or more variations of exercise each week were significantly less likely to report depressive symptoms (adjusted (OR): 0.78; 95% CI 0.62-0.97; p = 0.025), and the likelihood of depression was also lower for women who engaged in one or more forms of exercise (adjusted OR: 0.82; 95% CI 0.71-0.94; p = 0.006). These findings support the association between depression and exercise and suggest that greater variations in regular exercise are associated with a reduction in depression for men whereas any form of exercise reduces the risk of depression in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea.,Mind Health Clinic, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and the Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea. .,Mind Health Clinic, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea. .,Department of Psychiatry and the Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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59
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Yu H, Luo J, Chen K, Pollitt KJG, Liew Z. Solid fuels use for cooking and sleep health in adults aged 45 years and older in China. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13304. [PMID: 34172775 PMCID: PMC8233310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Outdoor air pollution has been linked to poor sleep health, but limited studies have investigated the relationship between solid cooking fuels and sleep health in adults. Therefore, we analyzed data from the China Health and Retirement Survey (CHARLS), a national survey of about 17,000 residents aged over 45. Participants were restricted to those who participated in CHARLS 2011, 2013 and 2015 (n = 8,668). Sleep health was indicated by self-reported average sleep hours at night and the numbers of unrested days/week in CHARLS 2015. We analyzed cooking fuel types reported and assessed the duration of solid fuels usage as consistent (indicated use in all three surveys or 6 + years) or inconsistent use (indicated use in one or two surveys or 1-4 years). We found consistent use of solid fuels was associated with a shorter sleep duration (OR = 1.17 95% CI 1.01, 1.35 for ≤ 6 h vs. 7-9 h/day) and higher frequencies of feeling unrested (OR = 1.32 95% CI 1.12, 1.55 for ≥ 5 days/week vs. none) compared with cleaner fuels use. The associations for inconsistent solid fuels use and sleep health were in the similar direction but smaller in magnitude. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and evaluate the exposure impact of specific fuel types to inform intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Yu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Krystal J Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Zeyan Liew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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60
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Huang M, Bliwise DL, Hall MH, Johnson DA, Sloan RP, Shah A, Goldberg J, Ko YA, Murrah N, Levantsevych OM, Shallenberger L, Abdulbagki R, Bremner JD, Vaccarino V. Association of Depressive Symptoms with Sleep Disturbance: A Co-twin Control Study. Ann Behav Med 2021; 56:245-256. [PMID: 33991086 PMCID: PMC8887572 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have comprehensively evaluated the association of depression with sleep disturbance using a controlled twin study design. PURPOSE To cross-sectionally evaluate the association of depression with both objective and subjective sleep disturbance. METHODS We studied 246 members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. We measured depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI) and assessed major depression using structured clinical interviews. Twins underwent one-night polysomnography and 7-day actigraphy to derive measures of objective sleep and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for subjective sleep. Multivariable mixed-effects models were used to examine the association. RESULTS Twins were all male, mostly white (97%), with a mean (SD) age of 68 (2). The mean (SD) BDI was 5.9 (6.3), and 49 (20%) met the criteria for major depression. For polysomnography, each 5-unit higher BDI, within-pair, was significantly associated with 19.7 min longer rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, and 1.1% shorter REM sleep after multivariable adjustment. BDI was not associated with sleep architecture or sleep-disordered breathing. For actigraphy, a higher BDI, within-pair, was significantly associated with lower sleep efficiency, more fragmentation and higher variability in sleep duration. BDI was associated with almost all dimensions of self-reported sleep disturbance. Results did not differ by zygosity, and remained consistent using major depression instead of BDI and were independent of the presence of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and antidepressant use. CONCLUSIONS Depression is associated with REM sleep disruption in lab and sleep fragmentation and sleep variability at home, but not with sleep architecture or sleep-disordered breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Donald L Bliwise
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martica H Hall
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dayna A Johnson
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard P Sloan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amit Shah
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology), School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Jack Goldberg
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Vietnam Era Twin Registry, Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nancy Murrah
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Oleksiy M Levantsevych
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lucy Shallenberger
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rami Abdulbagki
- Department of Pathology, Georgia Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J Douglas Bremner
- Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology), School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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61
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Zeoli I, Lanquart JP, Wacquier B, Mungo A, Loas G, Hein M. Polysomnographic markers of suicidal ideation in untreated unipolar major depressed individuals. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 166:19-24. [PMID: 33965422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Given the major role played by sleep in the particular relationship between suicidality and major depression, the aim of this study was to empirically identify polysomnographic markers specific to suicidal ideation in major depressed individuals in order to allow better suicide prevention in this high-risk subpopulation. Demographic and polysomnographic data from 190 individuals (34 healthy controls and 156 untreated unipolar major depressed individuals) recruited from the sleep laboratory database were analysed. Suicidal ideation were considered present if the score in item G of the Beck Depression Inventory was ≥1 and/or if they were highlighted during the systematic psychiatric assessment conducted on admission to the sleep laboratory. Independently of depression severity, major depressed individuals with suicidal ideation present a decrease in deep NREM sleep (slow-wave sleep) and an increase in light NREM sleep (stage 1 + stage 2) compared to those without suicidal ideation. There are no significant differences for the other polysomnographic parameters. In our study, we highlighted the existence of potential polysomnographic markers of suicidal ideation in untreated unipolar major depressed individuals, which seems to open up new perspectives for the identification and management of individuals at high-risk of suicide in this particular subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Zeoli
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pol Lanquart
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Wacquier
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anaïs Mungo
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwenolé Loas
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Hein
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
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62
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Paterson A, Khundakar M, Young A, Ling J, Chakraborty S, Rathbone AP, Watson S, Donaldson T, Anderson KN. The Smarter Sleep educational interventions: an initiative to reduce hypnotic prescribing in in-patient psychiatric care. BJPsych Bull 2021; 46:1-9. [PMID: 33949304 PMCID: PMC9768515 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2021.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND METHOD In-patients on mental health wards are commonly prescribed hypnotics for the long-term management of disturbed sleep. Specific sleep disorders remain underdiagnosed and effective behavioural interventions are underused. We developed a suite of three educational interventions (a video, poster and handbook) about sleep, sleep disorders, the safe prescribing of hypnotics and use of psychological strategies (sleep hygiene and cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia, CBTi) using co-design and multiprofessional stakeholder involvement. This controlled before-and-after study evaluated the effectiveness of these interventions across seven in-patient psychiatric wards, examining their impact on hypnotic prescribing rates and staff confidence scores (data collected by retrospective drug chart analysis and survey respectively). RESULTS A marked reduction was seen in the percentage of patients prescribed hypnotics on in-patient prescription charts (-24%), with a 41% reduction in the number of hypnotics administered per patient (mean reduction -1.142 administrations/patient). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS These simple educational strategies about the causes and treatment of insomnia can reduce hypnotic prescribing rates and increase staff confidence in both the medical and psychological management of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Paterson
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Martina Khundakar
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anthony Young
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, UK
| | - Jonathan Ling
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, UK
| | | | - Adam Pattison Rathbone
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Stuart Watson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Inpatient Services, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tim Donaldson
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kirstie N. Anderson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Regional Sleep Disorders Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Socioeconomic disparities in health: Changes in sleep quality and inflammation during bereavement. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2021; 7. [PMID: 34195688 PMCID: PMC8238458 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Widow(er)s experience significant sleep disruption that may dysregulate immune functioning. This longitudinal study aimed to determine 1) whether changes in sleep quality were associated with changes in pro-inflammatory cytokine production during the first six months of bereavement and 2) whether these relationships depended on objective socioeconomic status (SES) and/or subjective social status. One hundred and six bereaved spouses (M = 68.49 years, SD = 9.35, 69 females) completed the following assessments at approximately three months post-death and six-month post-death: a venous blood draw and self-report questionnaires on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), SES (MacArthur Sociodemographic Questionnaire), health, and demographic information. T-cell stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed, including IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-2. Worsening sleep quality was associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory activity even after adjusting for confounding variables. The present study also identified SES as an important factor for understanding health following spousal bereavement: individuals with low SES were more susceptible to sleep-related changes in immune function. Compared to more educated widow(er)s, less educated widow(er)s showed greater increases and decreases in inflammation when sleep quality worsened or improved, respectively, over time. Findings provide evidence for a biobehavioral pathway linking bereavement to disease risk, highlight SES disparities in late adulthood, and identify individuals who may require tailored interventions to offset SES-related burden that impedes adaptive grief recovery. Changes in sleep quality are associated with changes in inflammation in widow(er)s. Proinflammatory cytokine levels increase as sleep quality worsens in widow(er)s. Low SES widow(er)s are susceptible to sleep-related changes in inflammation. Socioeconomic disparities in biobehavioral health are evident in older adulthood.
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Zhang Y, Folarin AA, Sun S, Cummins N, Bendayan R, Ranjan Y, Rashid Z, Conde P, Stewart C, Laiou P, Matcham F, White KM, Lamers F, Siddi S, Simblett S, Myin-Germeys I, Rintala A, Wykes T, Haro JM, Penninx BW, Narayan VA, Hotopf M, Dobson RJ. Relationship Between Major Depression Symptom Severity and Sleep Collected Using a Wristband Wearable Device: Multicenter Longitudinal Observational Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e24604. [PMID: 33843591 PMCID: PMC8076992 DOI: 10.2196/24604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep problems tend to vary according to the course of the disorder in individuals with mental health problems. Research in mental health has associated sleep pathologies with depression. However, the gold standard for sleep assessment, polysomnography (PSG), is not suitable for long-term, continuous monitoring of daily sleep, and methods such as sleep diaries rely on subjective recall, which is qualitative and inaccurate. Wearable devices, on the other hand, provide a low-cost and convenient means to monitor sleep in home settings. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study was to devise and extract sleep features from data collected using a wearable device and analyze their associations with depressive symptom severity and sleep quality as measured by the self-assessed Patient Health Questionnaire 8-item (PHQ-8). METHODS Daily sleep data were collected passively by Fitbit wristband devices, and depressive symptom severity was self-reported every 2 weeks by the PHQ-8. The data used in this paper included 2812 PHQ-8 records from 368 participants recruited from 3 study sites in the Netherlands, Spain, and the United Kingdom. We extracted 18 sleep features from Fitbit data that describe participant sleep in the following 5 aspects: sleep architecture, sleep stability, sleep quality, insomnia, and hypersomnia. Linear mixed regression models were used to explore associations between sleep features and depressive symptom severity. The z score was used to evaluate the significance of the coefficient of each feature. RESULTS We tested our models on the entire dataset and separately on the data of 3 different study sites. We identified 14 sleep features that were significantly (P<.05) associated with the PHQ-8 score on the entire dataset, among them awake time percentage (z=5.45, P<.001), awakening times (z=5.53, P<.001), insomnia (z=4.55, P<.001), mean sleep offset time (z=6.19, P<.001), and hypersomnia (z=5.30, P<.001) were the top 5 features ranked by z score statistics. Associations between sleep features and PHQ-8 scores varied across different sites, possibly due to differences in the populations. We observed that many of our findings were consistent with previous studies, which used other measurements to assess sleep, such as PSG and sleep questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that several derived sleep features extracted from consumer wearable devices show potential for the remote measurement of sleep as biomarkers of depression in real-world settings. These findings may provide the basis for the development of clinical tools to passively monitor disease state and trajectory, with minimal burden on the participant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhou Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amos A Folarin
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shaoxiong Sun
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Cummins
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Bendayan
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yatharth Ranjan
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zulqarnain Rashid
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Conde
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Callum Stewart
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Petroula Laiou
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Faith Matcham
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katie M White
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sara Siddi
- Teaching Research and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Simblett
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aki Rintala
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Social Services and Health Care, LAB University of Applied Sciences, Lahti, Finland
| | - Til Wykes
- South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Teaching Research and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Brenda Wjh Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Matthew Hotopf
- South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Jb Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Beydoun MA, Ng AE, Fanelli-Kuczmarski MT, Hossain S, Beydoun HA, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Vitamin D status and its longitudinal association with changes in patterns of sleep among middle-aged urban adults. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:858-868. [PMID: 33601729 PMCID: PMC10103179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined relationships of vitamin D status with over time changes in patterns of sleep in a longitudinal study of Whites and African-American urban middle-aged adults, while further testing effect modification by age group, sex and race and the potential roles of dietary and supplemental vitamin D. METHODS Data on 1,760 middle-aged participants in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span (HANDLS study: Age range at v2: 33-71y, mean±SD:53.0±8.8, % women: 58.4%, % African-American:60.3%) were used, with complete baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum concentration data, initial selected covariates and mediators, and initial and/or follow-up data on five sub-scales (sleep duration, daytime dysfunction, sleep disturbance, sleep latency and sleep quality) of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Mean±SD time between initial and follow-up visits: 4.1±1.5 years. Time-interval multiple mixed-effects linear regression models were used. RESULTS Upon multiple testing adjustment, among Whites, initial 25(OH)D was associated with better sleep duration [25(OH)D × TIME γ±SE: -0.027±0.011, P=0.017] and sleep quality [25(OH)D × TIME γ±SE: -0.026±0.010, P=0.008] over time, with heterogeneity by race found for both relationships (P<0.05 for 25(OH)D × TIME × Race in the un-stratified model). These relationships remained unaltered after further adjustment for dietary and supplemental vitamin D, indicating that this association may be largely explained by sunlight exposure. LIMITATIONS Limitations included small sample size, selection bias, residual confounding and lack of objective sleep measures. Conclusions Vitamin D status, possibly through mechanisms involving sunlight exposure, was linked to a potential improvement in sleep duration and quality among White urban adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Amanda E Ng
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Maryland, College Park
| | | | - Sharmin Hossain
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hind A Beydoun
- Department of Research Programs, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, VA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD
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66
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Li HJ, Su X, Zhang LW, Zhang CY, Wang L, Li WQ, Yang YF, Lv LX, Li M, Xiao X. Transcriptomic analyses of humans and mice provide insights into depression. Zool Res 2021; 41:632-643. [PMID: 32987454 PMCID: PMC7671914 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies have been conducted to identify risk genes and relevant biological mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD). In particular, transcriptomic analyses in brain regions engaged in cognitive and emotional processes, e.g., the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), have provided essential insights. Based on three independent DLPFC RNA-seq datasets of 79 MDD patients and 75 healthy controls, we performed differential expression analyses using two alternative approaches for cross-validation. We also conducted transcriptomic analyses in mice undergoing chronic variable stress (CVS) and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). We identified 12 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through both analytical methods in MDD patients, the majority of which were also dysregulated in stressed mice. Notably, the mRNA level of the immediate early gene FOS ( Fos proto-oncogene) was significantly decreased in both MDD patients and CVS-exposed mice, and CSDS-susceptible mice exhibited a greater reduction in Fos expression compared to resilient mice. These findings suggest the potential key roles of this gene in the pathogenesis of MDD related to stress exposure. Altered transcriptomes in the DLPFC of MDD patients might be, at least partially, the result of stress exposure, supporting that stress is a primary risk factor for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Xi Su
- Henan Mental Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Lu-Wen Zhang
- Henan Mental Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Chu-Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- Henan Mental Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Yong-Feng Yang
- Henan Mental Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Lu-Xian Lv
- Henan Mental Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China.,Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China.,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China. E-mail:
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China. E-mail:
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Gabinet NM, Portnov BA. Assessing the impacts of ALAN and noise proxies on sleep duration and quality: evidence from a nation-wide survey in Israel. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:638-658. [PMID: 33612016 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1886111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is a reversible state that sustains physiological and psychological processes in humans. As well established, individual-level factors, such as stress, smoking, drugs, and caffeine intake, reduce sleep duration and quality. However, studies of the effect of environmental risk factors, such as artificial light at night (ALAN) and noise, on sleep have been infrequent. Using records obtained from the 2017 Social Survey of Israel and combined with ALAN satellite data and various proxies for traffic noise, the present study aimed to determine how the combination of ALAN and traffic noise impact sleep duration and quality in urban areas. The increase of road density at the place of residence reduces average sleep duration by ~4.5% (~18 min.) and increases the frequency of reported sleep difficulties by ~3.5%, all other factors held equal. Similarly, an increase in ALAN exposure reduces average sleep duration by ~3% (~12 min) and increases the frequency of reported sleep difficulties by ~11%. The study also reveals a significant interaction between the two environmental risk factors in question, with the adverse impact of ALAN on sleep quality especially pronounced in high noise exposure areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahum M Gabinet
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Boris A Portnov
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Integration of a smartwatch within an internet-delivered intervention for depression: Protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial on acceptance. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 103:106323. [PMID: 33621632 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood tracking is commonly employed within a range of mental health interventions. Physical activity and sleep are also important for contextualizing mood data but can be difficult to track manually and rely on retrospective recall. Smartwatches could enhance self-monitoring by addressing difficulties in recall of sleep and physical activity and reducing the burden on patients in terms of remembering to track and the effort of tracking. This feasibility study will explore the acceptance of a smartwatch app for self-monitoring of mood, sleep, and physical activity, in an internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) for depression offered in a routine care setting. METHODS Seventy participants will be randomly allocated to (i) iCBT intervention plus smartwatch app or (ii) iCBT intervention alone. Patient acceptance will be measured longitudinally using a theory-based acceptance questionnaire to understand and compare the evolution of acceptance of the technology-delivered self-report in the two groups. A post-treatment interview will explore participants subjective experience of using the smartwatch. Engagement with the intervention, including self-report, and clinical outcomes, will be measured across both groups to assess for any differences. IMPLICATIONS This is the first study investigating the evolution of patient acceptance of smartwatch self-report in an iCBT delivered intervention in a clinical sample. Through an engaging and convenient means of capturing ecologically valid mood data, the study has the potential to show that smartwatches are an acceptable means for patient self-monitoring within iCBT interventions for depression and support potential use-cases for smartwatches in the context of mental health interventions in general. Prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04568317).
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Elovainio M, Lipsanen J, Halonen R, Kuula L, Räikkönen K, Pesonen AK. Is moderate depression associated with sleep stage architecture in adolescence? Testing the stage type associations using network and transition probability approaches. Psychol Med 2021; 51:426-434. [PMID: 31843034 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719003453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression even at the subclinical level is often accompanied by sleep disturbances, but little is known about the dynamics of the sleep stages in relation to depressive symptoms. We examined whether the amount, associations, and transition probabilities of various sleep stages were associated with depressive symptoms in a community sample of adolescents. METHODS The participants (N = 172, 59% girls, mean age 16.9 years) underwent overnight polysomnography and provided data on depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory II). The association between depression status and total duration of each stage type was analyzed using ANOVA and survival analyses. The associations between the number of different sleep stage types were analyzed using graphical Gaussian models, mixed graphical models, and relative importance networks. A Markov chain algorithm was used to estimate the transition probabilities between each state and these probabilities were further compared between depression status groups. RESULTS The associations between N1 and N3 were significantly stronger in both directions of the association (p-values for interactions 0.012 and 0.006) in those with more depressive symptoms. Similarly, a stronger association was observed from N1 to wake stage in those with more depressive symptoms (p-value for interaction 0.002). In those with more depressive symptoms, it was more likely to transition from N2 to N3 and from REM to N2 compared to others. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that changes in sleep architecture are not limited to clinical depression and that the transitional dynamics of sleep stages are an important marker of subclinical depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Elovainio
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Halonen
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Kuula
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Bao C, Xu L, Tang W, Sun S, Zhang W, He J, Zhao K, Xu D, Ye X. Poor Sleep and Decision-Making Disturbance Are Associated With Suicidal Ideation in Pre-natal Depression. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:680890. [PMID: 34122192 PMCID: PMC8193041 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.680890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many risk factors for suicidal ideation have been identified, few studies have focused on suicidal ideation and pre-natal depression. The purpose was to investigate the relationship between decision-making (DM) dysfunction and sleep disturbance on suicidal ideation in pre-natal depression. Participants included 100 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, including pregnant women with pre-natal depression who had recent suicidal ideation (n = 30), pre-natal depression without SI (n = 35) and healthy controls (n = 35). The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was used to evaluate the DM function and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep index. The Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess suicidal ideation and the seriousness of depression. Overall, the two groups with pre-natal depression showed worse sleep quality and decreased DM function compared with healthy controls. The pre-natal depression with suicidal ideation group showed a significantly higher score in subjective sleep quality and a lower score in block 5 of IGT than the pre-natal depression without suicidal ideation group. Further correlation analysis showed that suicidal ideation positively correlated with subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, and daytime function, and negatively correlated with IGT scores. Sleep disturbance and impaired DM function may be risk factors for suicidal ideation in pre-natal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciqing Bao
- Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weina Tang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenmiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jincai He
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongwu Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Ye
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhao L, Yang F, Sznajder KK, Zou C, Jia Y, Yang X. Resilience as the Mediating Factor in the Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance and Post-stroke Depression of Stroke Patients in China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:625002. [PMID: 34040550 PMCID: PMC8141619 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke patients may suffer from a variety of symptoms which can result in sleep disturbance and post-stroke depression (PSD). Whereas, resilience can alleviate sleep disturbance and help maintain well-being after stroke. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore whether resilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between sleep disturbance and PSD of stroke patients in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a multi-stage sampling was carried out in Liaoning Rehabilitation Center and the Third People's Hospital of Chongqing in China from May to September 2019. A total of 353 stroke patients were enrolled in this study. Structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between sleep disturbance and PSD. Results: The prevalence of PSD of stroke patients was 34.56%. Sleep disturbance contributed most to the variance of PSD and had a significantly positive association with PSD among stroke patients (P < 0.01). Resilience was negatively associated with PSD, and acted as a mediator between sleep disturbance and PSD (a * b = 0.201, BCa 95% CI: 0.156~0.254). Conclusions: The prevalence of PSD was high among the Chinese stroke patients. Sleep disturbance was highly associated with PSD, resulting in the increased risk of PSD. Furthermore, resilience has a mediating effect on the relationship between sleep disturbance and PSD, and could reduce the negative effect of sleep disturbance on the development of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- Department of English, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengzhi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kristin K Sznajder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Changqing Zou
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yajing Jia
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoshi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Harlev D, Ravona-Springer R, Nuriel Y, Fruchter E. Sleep Monitoring Using WatchPAT Device to Predict Recurrence of Major Depression in Patients at High Risk for Major Depression Disorder Recurrence: A Case Report. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:572660. [PMID: 34248688 PMCID: PMC8268003 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.572660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorders are strongly correlated with alterations in sleep pattern and architecture, including changes in the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase. However, it is still unknown whether sleep alterations precede other depression-related symptoms, particularly in patients with recurrent depressive episodes at relapse risk. Case Presentation: We initiated a study aimed at examining the value of ambulatory sleep monitoring using a WatchPAT device, in predicting recurrence of Major depression. Depression was assessed monthly with the Beck Depression Inventory version II (BDI-II). Here we present the case of a 63 years old woman, with a history of recurrent depressive episodes. AT the time of recruitment, she was asymptomatic, she experienced recurrence of Major depression 3 months into the study. We observed a significant reduction of the Rem Latency parameters 5 weeks prior to BDI-II score increase, reflecting major depressive episode recurrence. Conclusion: Though our results are preliminary, they suggest that ambulatory sleep monitoring can be used as a simple and accessible tool, predicting recurrence of Major Depressive episodes in patients at high risk, thus enabling early treatment intervention.
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73
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Hart AR, Lavner JA, Carter SE, Beach SRH. Racial discrimination, depressive symptoms, and sleep problems among Blacks in the rural South. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 27:123-134. [PMID: 32437199 PMCID: PMC7876626 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Experiences of racial discrimination are common for Black Americans and have been associated with depression and sleep disturbance, factors likely involved in the insidious development of health disparities. The current study replicates these associations and examines longitudinal linkages. METHOD Black American couples (men: N = 248, Mage = 40, SD = 9; women: N = 277, Mage = 37, SD = 7) and their children, aged 9 to 14 (N = 276, Mage = 11, SD = 1), completed measures of experiences of racial discrimination, depressive symptoms, and sleep problems at baseline and 8-month follow-up. In separate analyses for men, women, and youth, we examined concurrent and prospective associations of racial discrimination with depressive symptoms and sleep problems, then used longitudinal indirect effect models to examine whether depressive symptoms in response to racial discrimination led to increased sleep problems, or vice versa. RESULTS Racial discrimination was associated concurrently with depressive symptoms and sleep problems for all family members. Prospective associations were also found with depressive symptoms and sleep problems in fathers and youth, and sleep problems in mothers. Longitudinal models showed significant indirect effects of racial discrimination on change in sleep problems through depressive symptoms for fathers and mothers, and a similar, but nonsignificant, pattern in youth. There were no indirect effects on change in depressive symptoms through sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS Persistent associations of racial discrimination with depressive symptoms and sleep problems reflect a lasting impact of racial discrimination. Because discrimination's effects on depression may contribute to increased sleep problems over time, interventions that buffer the effects of discrimination on depressive symptoms may also reduce sleep problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Steven R. H. Beach
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia
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74
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Arora T, Alhelali E, Grey I. Poor sleep efficiency and daytime napping are risk factors of depersonalization disorder in female university students. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2020; 9:100059. [PMID: 33364526 PMCID: PMC7752711 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2020.100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Depersonalization is characterized by feelings of detachment from reality and has been associated with anxiety and depression, both of which have a bi-directional relationship with sleep. To date, few studies have directly examined the potential relationship between sleep and depersonalization, which was the primary objective of our study. Design/methods A cross-sectional study of female, Emirati, university students (n = 100) was conducted. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Additionally, 36 of the 100 participants wore wrist actigraphy for two consecutive weekdays. Average sleep duration, and average sleep efficiency (SE; %) across the two nocturnal sleep episodes were calculated. Total number of sleep episodes were obtained from wrist actigraphy and sleep logs. Results A significant, positive relationship was observed between PSQI global score and CDS total score (r = 0.21, p = 0.04). Actigraphy-estimated average nocturnal sleep duration was not significantly associated with the CDS. Compared to nocturnal sleepers only, those who undertook daytime naps had almost three times the risk of meeting the criteria for depersonalization disorder (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.04–8.41), after adjustment. For each 1% increase in SE a 23% decreased risk of depersonalization was observed (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61–0.96), after adjustment. Conclusions Sleep screening in young adults may help to ensure better detection and management of psychological health outcomes. Our findings need to be confirmed prospectively in larger samples and amongst different populations but reiterate the importance of sleep habits pertaining to mental health. We show a novel relationship between depersonalization and sleep in a non-clinical sample. Actigraphy determined poor sleep efficiency was significantly associated with subjective reports of depersonalization. Daytime nappers were ~3 times more likely to report depersonalization symptoms and meet the diagnositic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Arora
- Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Ian Grey
- Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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75
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Time is of the essence: Coupling sleep-wake and circadian neurobiology to the antidepressant effects of ketamine. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 221:107741. [PMID: 33189715 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ketamine in rapidly alleviating depression and suicidal ideation. Intense research efforts have been undertaken to expose the precise mechanism underlying the antidepressant action of ketamine; however, the translation of findings into new clinical treatments has been slow. This translational gap is partially explained by a lack of understanding of the function of time and circadian timing in the complex neurobiology around ketamine. Indeed, the acute pharmacological effects of a single ketamine treatment last for only a few hours, whereas the antidepressant effects peak at around 24 hours and are sustained for the following few days. Numerous studies have investigated the acute and long-lasting neurobiological changes induced by ketamine; however, the most dramatic and fundamental change that the brain undergoes each day is rarely taken into consideration. Here, we explore the link between sleep and circadian regulation and rapid-acting antidepressant effects and summarize how diverse phenomena associated with ketamine's antidepressant actions - such as cortical excitation, synaptogenesis, and involved molecular determinants - are intimately connected with the neurobiology of wake, sleep, and circadian rhythms. We review several recently proposed hypotheses about rapid antidepressant actions, which focus on sleep or circadian regulation, and discuss their implications for ongoing research. Considering these aspects may be the last piece of the puzzle necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of rapid-acting antidepressants on the brain.
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76
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Mi WF, Tabarak S, Wang L, Zhang SZ, Lin X, Du LT, Liu Z, Bao YP, Gao XJ, Zhang WH, Wang XQ, Fan TT, Li LZ, Hao XN, Fu Y, Shi Y, Guo LH, Sun HQ, Liu L, Si TM, Zhang HY, Lu L, Li SX. Effects of agomelatine and mirtazapine on sleep disturbances in major depressive disorder: evidence from polysomnographic and resting-state functional connectivity analyses. Sleep 2020; 43:5837058. [PMID: 32406918 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate effects of agomelatine and mirtazapine on sleep disturbances in patients with major depressive disorder. A total of 30 depressed patients with sleep disturbances, 27 of which completed the study, took agomelatine or mirtazapine for 8 weeks. Subjective scales were administered, and polysomnography was performed at baseline and at the end of week 1 and 8. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed at baseline and at the end of week 8. Compared with baseline, scores on the Hamilton Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Sleep Dysfunction Rating Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index after 8 weeks of treatment significantly decreased in both groups, with no significant differences between groups, accompanied by significant increases in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and significant decrease in wake after sleep onset. Mirtazapine treatment increased N3 sleep at week 1 compared with agomelatine treatment, but this difference disappeared at week 8. The increases in the percentage and duration of N3 sleep were positively correlated with increases in connectivity between right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and right precuneus and between left posterior cingulate cortex and right precuneus in both groups, respectively. Functional connectivity (FC) between right dlPFC and left precuneus in mirtazapine group was higher compared with agomelatine group after 8 weeks of treatment. These findings indicated that both agomelatine and mirtazapine improved sleep in depressed patients, and the effect of mirtazapine was greater than agomelatine with regard to rapidly increasing N3 sleep and gradually improving FC in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Feng Mi
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Serik Tabarak
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Xicheng, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Huzhou 3rd Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Ting Du
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Dependence, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ping Bao
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Dependence, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Gao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hua Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Qin Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Teng-Teng Fan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Hao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hua Guo
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Qiang Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Dependence, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Mei Si
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Dependence, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Xia Li
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Dependence, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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77
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Gul A, Memtily N, Mijit P, Wushuer P, Talifu A, Imin M, Rui H, Nuermaimaiti Z. A study on sleep apnea in patients with abnormal sewda type of depression. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s2575900020500044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To preliminarily investigate the clinical features and PSG in abnormal sewda-type depressive insomnia. Methods: A total of 127 abnormal sewda-type depressive insomnia patients were evaluated with overnight PSG, and 32 normal participants were compared. Results: Patients with abnormal sewda-type depressive insomnia were compared with the control group; the sleep symptoms showed a long incubation period of sleep, low sleep maintenance rate, low sleep efficiency and poor sleep quality as well as daytime dysfunction. At process and continuity of sleep: Total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep maintenance rate in abnormal sewda-type depressive insomnia group were shorter than the control group. Wake after sleep onset, and sleep latency were longer than the control group. At sleep structure: N1 ratio and N2 ratio in depressive insomnia group were longer than the control group, N3 ratio and REM sleep ratio shorter than the control group. At REM index: REM latency, REM cycles, and REM sleep time were shorter than the control group. Conclusion: Insomnia symptoms in abnormal sewda-type depression comorbid insomnia patients were similar to the ordinary insomnia patients. The PSG characteristics had significant changes in sleep process, sleep structure and REM indicators. The severity of the abnormal sewda-type depression was closely related to REM indicators. Change of REM sleep characteristics may be the specificity, and these could be taken as reference in diagnosis and identification of abnormal sewda-type depressive insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Gul
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- The Graduate School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, P. R. China
| | - Nassirhadjy Memtily
- Traditional Uyghur Medicine Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, P. R. China
| | - Pirdun Mijit
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, P. R. China
| | - Palidan Wushuer
- Psychosomatic Department, The Affiliated Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, P. R. China
| | - Ainiwaer Talifu
- Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi 830049, P. R. China
| | - Mihriban Imin
- Psychosomatic Department, The Affiliated Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, P. R. China
| | - Hua Rui
- Psychosomatic Department, The Affiliated Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, P. R. China
| | - Zuhoumaer Nuermaimaiti
- Psychosomatic Department, The Affiliated Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, P. R. China
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78
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Harrington MO, Ashton JE, Sankarasubramanian S, Anderson MC, Cairney SA. Losing Control: Sleep Deprivation Impairs the Suppression of Unwanted Thoughts. Clin Psychol Sci 2020; 9:97-113. [PMID: 33552705 PMCID: PMC7820573 DOI: 10.1177/2167702620951511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Unwanted memories often enter conscious awareness when individuals confront reminders. People vary widely in their talents at suppressing such memory intrusions; however, the factors that govern suppression ability are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that successful memory control requires sleep. Following overnight sleep or total sleep deprivation, participants attempted to suppress intrusions of emotionally negative and neutral scenes when confronted with reminders. The sleep-deprived group experienced significantly more intrusions (unsuccessful suppressions) than the sleep group. Deficient control over intrusive thoughts had consequences: Whereas in rested participants suppression reduced behavioral and psychophysiological indices of negative affect for aversive memories, it had no such salutary effect for sleep-deprived participants. Our findings raise the possibility that sleep deprivation disrupts prefrontal control over medial temporal lobe structures that support memory and emotion. These data point to an important role of sleep disturbance in maintaining and exacerbating psychiatric conditions characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael C. Anderson
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge
| | - Scott A. Cairney
- Department of Psychology, University of York
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York
- Scott A. Cairney, Department of Psychology, University of York E-mail:
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79
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Tsoukalas I. How does ECT work? A new explanatory model and suggestions for non-convulsive applications. Med Hypotheses 2020; 145:110337. [PMID: 33099256 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this article a new hypothesis is presented concerning the causal mechanism underlying electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). According to this model the antidepressant effect is caused by a change in sleep architecture triggered by the ictal events induced by ECT. This change in sleep architecture - a profound change in the neurophysiological and neurochemical state of the organism - is what causes the therapeutic effects of ECT and not any simple change in the release of neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors and/or hormones. This realization also means that a comparable antidepressant effect could be achieved without the need of inducing seizures, but with the help of behavioral interventions that explicitly take aim at changing sleep architecture. The article presents and discusses evidence in favor of this thesis and also puts forth two simple, non-convulsive, applications of the theory.
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80
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Prevalence of depression and its relationship with quality of life among university students in Macau, Hong Kong and mainland China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15798. [PMID: 32978428 PMCID: PMC7519638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72458-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that depressive symptoms (depression hereafter) are common in university students and are considerably influenced by the given socioeconomic context. Being former European colonies, Macau and Hong Kong are China’s special administrative regions, with different sociocultural and economic background compared to mainland China. This study compared the prevalence of depression in university students between Macau, Hong Kong and mainland China and examined the association between depression and quality of life (QOL). The Beck Depression Inventory-II and the World Health Organization Quality of Life—Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to measure depression and QOL, respectively.
Altogether, 2,312 university students participated in this study. The overall prevalence of depression was 28.9%; 35.2% in Macau, 41.0% in Hong Kong, and 16.8% in mainland China. Compared to the “No depression” group, students with depression had significantly lower QOL scores in the physical, psychological, social and environmental domains. Factors associated with depression were different between the three study sites. Sleep disturbances and high academic pressure were positively associated with depression in all the three samples. In mainland China, male students (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10–2.56) were more likely to have depression while those who were interested in their major (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.29–0.69) were less likely to have depression. In Macau, students in Grade 3 (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.36–0.89) and those who were interested in their major (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.42–0.81) or had optimistic perspective about their future (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.36–0.73) were less likely to have depression. Nursing students (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.21–2.87) and students with the average score on major subject less than 65 (OR = 3.13; 95% CI: 1.70–5.78) were more likely to have depression. In Hong Kong, students with optimistic perspective about their future (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.22–0.91) were less prone to have depression. Depression is common among Chinese university students, particularly in Macau and Hong Kong. Considering the negative impact of depression on QOL, regular screening and effective treatments should be offered to this population.
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81
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Effects of vitamin D on mood and sleep in the healthy population: Interpretations from the serotonergic pathway. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 55:101379. [PMID: 32987320 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency is common in the healthy population. Recent insights addressed the role of vitamin D in serotonin and melatonin regulation, suggesting that increasing vitamin D status may be helpful for improving mood and sleep. This literature review covers the current state of evidence regarding potential effects of vitamin D on mood and sleep indicators in healthy people. In total, 11 observational studies were found for sleep, and 54 studies on mood (including ten RCTs). These studies revealed mixed results for both sleep and mood. The findings were interpreted based on the previously proposed serotonergic pathway of vitamin D. Implications and challenges for future research regarding the timing of blood sampling, timing and dosage of supplement intake and investigating the response dynamics are discussed.
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82
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The Relevance of Dual Diagnoses among Drug-Dependent Patients with Sleep Disorders. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092862. [PMID: 32899692 PMCID: PMC7565704 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are often associated with drug use. Nearly 70% of patients admitted for detoxification report sleep problems. Dual disorder (DD) is the comorbidity between mental disorders in general and disorders related to psychoactive substance use. The association between substance use and sleep disorders (SD) appears to be bidirectional. Our objective is to analyze the association between sleep disturbance history and drug use pattern (alcohol, cannabis, opioids, and cocaine). METHODS Analysis of data in the first interview at the Addictions Unit of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Salamanca Health Care Complex between October 2017 and January 2020. The sample consists of 398 patients. We studied the association between different variables: origin of patients (Inpatient Dual Diagnosis Detoxification Unit (IDDDU) vs. Outpatient Drug Clinic (ODC), presence of affective disorder, psychotic disorder, type of drug used, and treatment. RESULTS Of patients with DD, 62% had more delayed sleep induction, sleep fragmentation, early awakening, and nightmares. Outpatients had more difficulty falling asleep because, in many cases, they had not previously sought any medical assistance. On the other hand, 67% of the patients with insomnia presented depression. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of a harmful association between DD and SD.
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83
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Freeman D, Sheaves B, Waite F, Harvey AG, Harrison PJ. Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders. Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7:628-637. [PMID: 32563308 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Signs of mental ill health that cut across psychiatric diagnostic categories at high rates are typically viewed as non-specific occurrences, downgraded in importance and disregarded. However, problems not associated with particular diagnoses should be expected if there is shared causation across mental health conditions. If dynamic networks of interacting symptoms are the reality of mental health presentations, then particularly disruptive and highly connected problems should be especially common. The non-specific occurrence might be highly consequential. One non-specific occurrence that is often overlooked is patients' chronic difficulty in getting good sleep. In this Review, we consider whether disrupted sleep might be a contributory causal factor in the occurrence of major types of mental health disorders. It is argued that insomnia and other mental health conditions not only share common causes but also show a bidirectional relationship, with typically the strongest pathway being disrupted sleep as a causal factor in the occurrence of other psychiatric problems. Treating insomnia lessens other mental health problems. Intervening on sleep at an early stage might be a preventive strategy for the onset of clinical disorders. Our recommendations are that insomnia is assessed routinely in the occurrence of mental health disorders; that sleep disturbance is treated in services as a problem in its own right, yet also recognised as a pathway to reduce other mental health difficulties; and that access to evidence-based treatment for sleep difficulties is expanded in mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Freeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
| | - Bryony Sheaves
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Felicity Waite
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Allison G Harvey
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Paul J Harrison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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Baseline insomnia as a predictor of antidepressant efficacy to repeated intravenous ketamine for unipolar and bipolar depression: A preliminary study. J Affect Disord 2020; 271:1-8. [PMID: 32312692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ketamine has been demonstrated to have robust and rapid antidepressant effects, and few studies have focused on the relationship between insomnia and the efficacy of ketamine. The objective of this study was to examine whether baseline insomnia predicted the antidepressant efficacy of repeated intravenous ketamine infusions for unipolar and bipolar depression. METHOD Patients with high insomnia (n = 64) or low insomnia (n = 68) received six intravenous infusions of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg over 40 min) over 12 days (Monday-Wednesday-Friday). The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) without sleep item was used to assess depressive symptoms. Response was defined as a MADRS total score ≥ 50%, and remission was defined as a MADRS total score ≤ 10. RESULT There were no differences in response or remission rates between patients with high and low insomnia. However, the logistic regression model showed that high insomnia predicted an increased likelihood of response and remission. Cox proportional hazards models showed a reduced latency to respond and remit in patients with high insomnia. A linear mixed model showed that the high insomnia subgroup had greater improvement than the low insomnia subgroup (all p < 0.05). LIMITATION The major limitation of this study is the open-label design. CONCLUSION When given six ketamine infusions, patients with high insomnia were more likely to respond and remit than those with low insomnia. Patients with high insomnia showed not only a shorter latency to respond and remit, but also greater improvement than those with low insomnia.
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85
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Jiang J, Li Y, Mao Z, Wang F, Huo W, Liu R, Zhang H, Tian Z, Liu X, Zhang X, Tu R, Qian X, Liu X, Luo Z, Bie R, Wang C. Abnormal night sleep duration and poor sleep quality are independently and combinedly associated with elevated depressive symptoms in Chinese rural adults: Henan Rural Cohort. Sleep Med 2020; 70:71-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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86
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Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Score and Its Association with Sleep Quality in a National Survey of Middle-Aged and Older Men and Women. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051510. [PMID: 32455945 PMCID: PMC7284419 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex processes appear to link sleep duration and quality with dietary patterns. Numerous studies show healthful benefits of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, but few have examined its association with sleep duration or quality. The current study tested cross-sectional associations of DASH diet quality score with sleep quality among adults. Analyses of participants were from the 2005–2008 wave of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (n = 3941 adults ≥30 years of age, complete data). We performed sex- and age group-stratified multiple OLS regression analyses with DASH total score and components as main predictors and sleep quality as main outcomes, adjusting sequentially for socio-demographic, behavioral and health-related factors. Sex and age differences in associations of DASH with sleep quality, adjusting for covariates, were also examined by incorporating two-way interaction terms between sex/age and the DASH score in each unstratified model. We found that the DASH diet score was inversely related to poor sleep-related daytime dysfunction adjusted by age, sex, demographic and socio-economic factors. Some sex-specific associations were detected between DASH diet component scores and sleep quality. Notably, the potassium DASH component was inversely associated with Factor 1 (“sleepiness and sleep disturbance”) among women. The fiber DASH component was associated with better sleep quality and inversely related to Factor 2 (“sleep-related daytime dysfunction”) in younger subjects. This study indicates health benefits of the DASH diet for sleep duration and quality. Future longitudinal studies and randomized placebo-controlled trials are required to ascertain protective effects.
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87
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Malekshahi A, Chaudhary U, Jaramillo-Gonzalez A, Lucas Luna A, Rana A, Tonin A, Birbaumer N, Gais S. Sleep in the completely locked-in state (CLIS) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sleep 2020; 42:5543179. [PMID: 31665518 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Persons in the completely locked-in state (CLIS) suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are deprived of many zeitgebers of the circadian rhythm: While cognitively intact, they are completely paralyzed, eyes mostly closed, with artificial ventilation and artificial nutrition, and social communication extremely restricted or absent. Polysomnographic recordings in eight patients in CLIS, however, revealed the presence of regular episodes of deep sleep during night time in all patients. It was also possible to distinguish an alpha-like state and a wake-like state. Classification of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is difficult because of absent eye movements and absent muscular activity. Four out of eight patients did not show any sleep spindles. Those who have spindles also show K-complexes and thus regular phases of sleep stage 2. Thus, despite some irregularities, we found a surprisingly healthy sleep pattern in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azim Malekshahi
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ujwal Chaudhary
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Wyss-Center for Bio- and Neuro-Engineering, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andres Jaramillo-Gonzalez
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alberto Lucas Luna
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aygul Rana
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alessandro Tonin
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Niels Birbaumer
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Wyss-Center for Bio- and Neuro-Engineering, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Gais
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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88
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Stremler R, McMurray J, Brennenstuhl S. Self-Reported Sleep Quality and Actigraphic Measures of Sleep in New Mothers and the Relationship to Postpartum Depressive Symptoms. Behav Sleep Med 2020; 18:396-405. [PMID: 31006271 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2019.1601629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study's purpose is to examine relationships between self-reported sleep quality, actigraphy data, and depressive symptoms in a sample of women at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum. Methods: This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a behavioral sleep intervention measured sleep with actigraphy and self-report. Self-reported measures included the General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS) and mothers' reports of their sleep as a "small/big/no" problem. Depression was measured with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Control variables included group allocation, baseline EPDS, and social support. Logistic regression estimated the association between self-reported and actigraphic measures of sleep and the presence of postpartum depressive symptoms. Separate models estimated the odds of depression according to each sleep variable. Results: In 217 first-time mothers, GSDS scores in the last week of pregnancy were not related to depression; however, GSDS scores at 6 weeks postpartum were associated with > 3 times the odds of depressive symptoms (OR = 3.56; 95% CI = 1.73-7.33) at either 6 or 12 weeks postpartum. The perception that sleep was a "small" or "big" problem at 6 weeks was associated with > 3 (OR = 3.40; 95% CI = 1.54-7.46) and > 8 (OR = 8.29; 95% CI = 2.41-28.59) times the odds of depressive symptoms at either 6 or 12 weeks, respectively. Significant associations between actigraphic sleep measures and depressive symptoms were not found. Conclusion: Self-reported sleep quality is strongly associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. Sleep concerns may be an important clinical indicator of low mood in the postpartum period. Future intervention studies to improve mood could target sleep concerns via cognitive-behavioral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Stremler
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordana McMurray
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Brennenstuhl
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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89
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Hein M, Lanquart JP, Loas G, Hubain P, Linkowski P. Alterations of neural network organization during REM sleep in women: implication for sex differences in vulnerability to mood disorders. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:22. [PMID: 32334638 PMCID: PMC7183628 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep plays an important role in vulnerability to mood disorders. However, despite the existence of sex differences in vulnerability to mood disorders, no study has yet investigated the sex effect on sleep network organization and its potential involvement in vulnerability to mood disorders. The aim of our study was to empirically investigate the sex effect on network organization during REM and slow-wave sleep using the effective connectivity measured by Granger causality. Methods Polysomnographic data from 44 healthy individuals (28 men and 16 women) recruited prospectively were analysed. To obtain the 19 × 19 connectivity matrix of all possible pairwise combinations of electrodes by Granger causality method from our EEG data, we used the Toolbox MVGC multivariate Granger causality. The computation of the network measures was realized by importing these connectivity matrices into EEGNET Toolbox. Results In men and women, all small-world coefficients obtained are compatible with a small-world network organization during REM and slow-wave sleep. However, compared to men, women present greater small-world coefficients during REM sleep as well as for all EEG bands during this sleep stage, which indicates the presence of a small-world network organization less marked during REM sleep as well as for all EEG bands during this sleep stage in women. In addition, in women, these small-world coefficients during REM sleep as well as for all EEG bands during this sleep stage are positively correlated with the presence of subclinical symptoms of depression. Conclusions Thus, the highlighting of these sex differences in network organization during REM sleep indicates the presence of differences in the global and local processing of information during sleep between women and men. In addition, this small-world network organization less marked during REM sleep appears to be a marker of vulnerability to mood disorders specific to women, which opens up new perspectives in understanding sex differences in the occurrence of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Hein
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Pol Lanquart
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwénolé Loas
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Hubain
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul Linkowski
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Brussels, Belgium
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90
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San L, Arranz B. Agomelatine: A novel mechanism of antidepressant action involving the melatonergic and the serotonergic system. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 23:396-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe clinical finding that depressive disorders are often associated with desynchronization of internal rhythms has encouraged the idea that resetting normal circadian rhythms may have antidepressant potential. Agomelatine, a naphthalene analog of melatonin, is both an agonist of human cloned melatonergic MT1 and MT2 receptors and a serotonin 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Agomelatine combines zeitgeber (synchroniser of the circadian system) activity with neurotransmitter augmentation properties (enhances the levels of dopamine and noradrenaline in frontal cortex). The efficacy of agomelatine in treating depression has been shown in three short-term, pivotal, randomized, placebo–controlled studies. These studies have demonstrated agomelatine to be efficacious in Major Depressive Disorder at the standard dose of 25 mg/day, with the possibility of increasing doses to 50 mg/day in those patients with insufficient improvement. The number of adverse events during the treatment period was comparable to placebo. Four studies have shown the positive effect of agomelatine on sleep continuity and quality and shortening of sleep latency. Despite these promising data, further studies are needed to examine agomelatine's efficacy over a longer treatment period.
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91
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Hu H, Cui Y, Yang Y. Circuits and functions of the lateral habenula in health and in disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2020; 21:277-295. [PMID: 32269316 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed exponentially growing interest in the lateral habenula (LHb) owing to new discoveries relating to its critical role in regulating negatively motivated behaviour and its implication in major depression. The LHb, sometimes referred to as the brain's 'antireward centre', receives inputs from diverse limbic forebrain and basal ganglia structures, and targets essentially all midbrain neuromodulatory systems, including the noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. Its unique anatomical position enables the LHb to act as a hub that integrates value-based, sensory and experience-dependent information to regulate various motivational, cognitive and motor processes. Dysfunction of the LHb may contribute to the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders, especially major depression. Recently, exciting progress has been made in identifying the molecular and cellular mechanisms in the LHb that underlie negative emotional state in animal models of drug withdrawal and major depression. A future challenge is to translate these advances into effective clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Hu
- Department of Psychiatry of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China. .,Fountain-Valley Institute for Life Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yihui Cui
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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92
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Clarke G, Sheppler CR, Firemark AJ, Rawlings AM, Dickerson JF, Leo MC. Augmenting usual care SSRIs with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia to improve depression outcomes in youth: Design of a randomized controlled efficacy-effectiveness trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 91:105967. [PMID: 32114185 PMCID: PMC7263975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.105967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Extant treatments for youth depression are only modestly effective. Alternative approaches are needed to improve health outcomes. A novel approach to improve depression outcomes is suggested by epidemiological studies finding that insomnia often predates and may contribute to depression risk. We test whether treating insomnia among youth starting a new course of SSRI antidepressants improves depression outcomes. This paper describes our study design. DESIGN 2-arm randomized controlled efficacy-effectiveness trial. SETTING A large non-profit health maintenance organization. PARTICIPANTS 165 adolescents aged 12-19 with research-confirmed depression and insomnia diagnoses, starting a new episode of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant treatment prescribed by their usual care provider. INTERVENTIONS Two sleep interventions, each 6-7 sessions, both overlaying "treatment as usual" (TAU) SSRIs: a sleep hygiene (SH) attention control condition, and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE If CBT-I improved sleep is shown to improve depression-related outcomes, this may provide an additional, easily tolerated intervention for an important public health target. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02290496, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02290496.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Clarke
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
| | - Christina R Sheppler
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
| | - Alison J Firemark
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
| | - Andreea M Rawlings
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
| | - John F Dickerson
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
| | - Michael C Leo
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
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93
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Bai L, Whitesell CJ, Teti DM. Maternal sleep patterns and parenting quality during infants' first 6 months. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2020; 34:291-300. [PMID: 31724407 PMCID: PMC7102929 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined both between- and within-person effects of maternal sleep patterns on quality of mothering at bedtime during infants' first 6 months. Participants included 142 mothers who reported on their daily fall asleep and wake times across seven consecutive days with a daily sleep diary when infants were 1, 3, and 6 months old. At each age point, maternal emotional availability during one night of infant bedtime was observed and scored by trained observers who were blind to maternal sleep patterns. Multilevel modeling revealed that mothers with irregular sleep patterns, especially later average fall asleep times and greater average variability in sleep period across three age points, showed poorer parenting quality with infants at bedtime than other mothers. In addition, both between- and within-person effects of maternal sleep on bedtime parenting quality changed with infant age. Compared to mothers' individual averages across 1, 3, and 6 months, maternal short average sleep period, increased variability in sleep period, and later fall asleep times predicted poorer bedtime parenting quality at 6 months, but not at 1 or 3 months. Results emphasize the importance of maternal sleep regulation and sleep hygiene for maternal parenting quality, especially as infants get older. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Bai
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies
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94
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Sakai K, Ishikawa A, Mizuno Y, Maki T, Oda Y, Takahashi E. Simplified drug efficacy screening system for sleep-disorder drugs using non-human primates. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03524. [PMID: 32154428 PMCID: PMC7058904 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The most widely used animal models to develop sleep-disorder drugs are rodents, particularly rats and mice. However, unlike humans, these rodents are nocturnal. Thus, diurnal non-human primates represent a valuable and more translational animal model to study sleep. Although sleep-disorder drugs have been screened in non-human primates, the use of a telemetry system is not a desirable method for a rapid drug efficacy assessment system because of the need for expensive equipment, complicated surgery, and the long time before results can be obtained from analysis by inspection. Locomotor activity has traditionally been used as an indicator of the effects of drugs, genes, and disease models. The Nano-Tag, a new device for analyzing activity after an easy implantation surgery, measures locomotor activity without expensive equipment and the need for inspection for data processing, and the overall cost is much lower than that of a telemetry system. In this study, we compared the data obtained from polysomnography and on locomotor activity in telemetry transmitter-embedded cynomolgus monkeys by implanting the Nano-Tag subcutaneously in the forehead and administering sleep-disorder drugs to confirm if sleep–wake states could be measured using the Nano-Tag. When we compared the changes in awake time per unit time measured using polysomnography and locomotor activity counts per unit time measured using the Nano-Tag, cynomolgus monkeys exhibited a diurnal preference, and the correlation coefficients were positive during the 24-h period. Additionally, the correlation coefficients during the 12-h dark period were positive when the hypersomnia treatment drug modafinil was administered. The correlation coefficients during the 12-h light period were also positive when the insomnia treatment drug triazolam was administered. These results suggest that measuring locomotor activity is an effective tool for identifying sleep–wake states and screening sleep-disorder drugs at low cost and with less burden to animal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sakai
- Sleep Science Laboratories, HAMRI Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 306-0128, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Ishikawa
- Sleep Science Laboratories, HAMRI Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 306-0128, Japan
| | - Yuri Mizuno
- Sleep Science Laboratories, HAMRI Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 306-0128, Japan
| | - Takehiro Maki
- Sleep Science Laboratories, HAMRI Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 306-0128, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Oda
- Sleep Science Laboratories, HAMRI Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, 306-0128, Japan
| | - Eiki Takahashi
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.,Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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95
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Yang JY, Huang JW, Peng YS, Chiang SS, Yang CS, Yang CC, Chen HW, Wu MS, Wu KD, Tsai TJ, Chen WY. Quality of Sleep and Psychosocial Factors for Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080702700614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sleep disorders are common in end-stage renal disease patients. This study examined the relationship between self-reported quality of sleep (QoS) and certain psychosocial domains for patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods The study subjects included 190 PD patients from 7 urban dialysis clinics in Northern Taiwan, from whom we obtained biochemical parameters and demographic data. QoS, quality of life (QoL), religious/spiritual activity, and depression were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36) for QoL, the Royal Free Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Results The average PSQI score was 9.1 ± 4.1 and, in total, 85.8% of all patients were poor sleepers (global PSQI ≥ 5). There was no difference in age, gender, and mode or duration of PD between good and poor sleepers. Biochemical data did not differ between the two groups. Widowed patients experienced significantly poorer QoS than patients with other marital status (PSQI scores: 12.3 ± 4.9 vs 8.88 ± 4.0, p = 0.006). The percentage of patients that held a bachelor's degree or above was significantly higher in good sleepers (55.6% vs 29.4%, p = 0.008). The PSQI value correlated negatively with the QoL scale in both physical ( r = –0.295, p < 0.001) and mental domains ( r = –0.410, p < 0.001), and correlated positively with the depression scale ( r = 0.351, p < 0.001). There appeared to be no association between QoS and spiritual/religious activity ( r = –0.097, p = 0.223). Conclusions Psychosocial factors including depression, patients’ perceptions regarding QoL, marital status, and educational background correlated significantly to the subjective QoS for PD patients. When dealing with sleep disorders in PD patients, physicians should pay considerable attention to their psychosocial backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeh Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Yu-Sen Peng
- Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, He-Ping Branch
| | | | | | | | - Huey-Wen Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiou Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Kwan-Dun Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Tun-Jun Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Wan-Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
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96
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Nikolenko VN, Gridin LA, Oganesyan MV, Rizaeva NA, Podolskiy YS, Kudryashova VA, Kochurova EV, Kostin RK, Tyagunova EE, Mikhaleva LM, Avila-Rodriguez M, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. The Posterior Perforated Substance: A Brain Mystery Wrapped in an Enigma. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2991-2998. [PMID: 31775602 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191127122452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a dearth of published information on the posterior perforated substance as compared to the anterior perforated substance. We managed to glean facts about the posterior perforated substance that can serve as a landmark for surgical operations in the adjacent regions of the midbrain and the vessels passing through it. Moreover, the posterior perforated substance contains the interpeduncular nucleus responsible for the mental state of the individual. OBJECTIVES 1) To describe the topography of the blood vessels supplying the posterior perforated substance area from the surgical point of view; 2) to investigate the functions of the interpeduncular nucleus. METHODS We assembled and analyzed results from source databases by Elsevier, NCBI MedLine, Scopus, Scholar. Google and Embase. Each article was studied in detail for practically useful information about the posterior perforated substance. RESULTS The P1-segment perforating branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply the posterior perforated substance. This area is especially vulnerable in the case of vascular pathologies. The posterior communicating artery can block the surgeon's view and impede maneuverability of the tool in the area of the posterior perforated substance, which may be addressed using the separation technique, which can lead to positive results. In addition, the medial habenula-interpeduncular nucleus in the posterior perforated substance is associated with various addictions and psychiatric conditions. CONCLUSION The posterior perforated substance area is of great interest for surgical interventions. Future studies of the interpeduncular nucleus anticipate the development of drugs to affect different types of dependencies and some mental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Nikolenko
- Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation.,Department of Normal and Topographical Anatomy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Leonid A Gridin
- Department of Integrative Medicine, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Marine V Oganesyan
- Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Negoriya A Rizaeva
- Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Yury S Podolskiy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with the Chambers of Resuscitation and Intensive Therapy No. 2, University Clinical Hospital No. 3, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A Kudryashova
- Department of Human Anatomy, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina V Kochurova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental Institute, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Roman K Kostin
- International School "Medicine of Future" of Biomedical Park of I.M. Sechenov, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina E Tyagunova
- International School "Medicine of Future" of Biomedical Park of I.M. Sechenov, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow,Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418,Russian Federation
| | - Marco Avila-Rodriguez
- Department of Clinic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine. University of Tolima, Ibagué - 730001,Colombia
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street Salem, WV 26426,United States
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street Salem, WV 26426,United States
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418,Russian Federation.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991,Russian Federation.,Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432,Russian Federation.,GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX 78229,United States
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97
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Hein M, Lanquart JP, Mungo A, Hubain P, Loas G. Impact of number of sleep ultradian cycles on polysomnographic parameters related to REM sleep in major depression: Implications for future sleep research in psychiatry. Psychiatry Res 2020; 285:112818. [PMID: 32035377 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Given the contradictory data on REMS alterations in major depression, the aim of this study was to empirically demonstrate that based on the number of sleep ultradian cycles, it was possible to highlight different subtypes of major depression characterized by specific patterns of REMS alterations. Demographic and polysomnographic data from 211 individuals (30 healthy controls and 181 untreated major depressed individuals) recruited from the sleep laboratory database were analyzed. Major depressed individuals with sleep ultradian cycles <4 showed alterations consistent with REMS deficiency (non-shortened REM latency as well as decrease in REMS percentage, REMS duration and REMS/NREMS ratio) whereas major depressed individuals with sleep ultradian cycles >4 showed alterations consistent with REMS disinhibition (shortened REM latency as well as increase in REMS percentage, REMS duration and REMS/NREMS ratio). Regarding major depressed individuals with 4 sleep ultradian cycles, their REMS alterations were intermediate to those present in major depressed individuals with sleep ultradian cycles <4 and >4. Thus, in major depressed individuals, the highlighting of this heterogeneity of REMS alterations based on the number of sleep ultradian cycles seems to suggest the involvement of distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and could open new perspectives for future sleep research in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Hein
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Pol Lanquart
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anaïs Mungo
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Hubain
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwenolé Loas
- Erasme Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
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98
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Abeasi D. Depression and quality of life among family caregivers of Stroke Survivors in Ghana: The role of social support. ARCHIVES OF MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_21_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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99
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Riemann D, Krone LB, Wulff K, Nissen C. Sleep, insomnia, and depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:74-89. [PMID: 31071719 PMCID: PMC6879516 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since ancient times it is known that melancholia and sleep disturbances co-occur. The introduction of polysomnography into psychiatric research confirmed a disturbance of sleep continuity in patients with depression, revealing not only a decrease in Slow Wave Sleep, but also a disinhibition of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, demonstrated as a shortening of REM latency, an increase of REM density, as well as total REM sleep time. Initial hopes that these abnormalities of REM sleep may serve as differential-diagnostic markers for subtypes of depression were not fulfilled. Almost all antidepressant agents suppress REM sleep and a time-and-dose-response relationship between total REM sleep suppression and therapeutic response to treatment seemed apparent. The so-called Cholinergic REM Induction Test revealed that REM sleep abnormalities can be mimicked by administration of cholinomimetic agents. Another important research avenue is the study of chrono-medical timing of sleep deprivation and light exposure for their positive effects on mood in depression. Present day research takes the view on insomnia, i.e., prolonged sleep latency, problems to maintain sleep, and early morning awakening, as a transdiagnostic symptom for many mental disorders, being most closely related to depression. Studying insomnia from different angles as a transdiagnostic phenotype has opened many new perspectives for research into mechanisms but also for clinical practice. Thus, the question is: can the early and adequate treatment of insomnia prevent depression? This article will link current understanding about sleep regulatory mechanisms with knowledge about changes in physiology due to depression. The review aims to draw the attention to current and future strategies in research and clinical practice to the benefits of sleep and depression therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Lukas B Krone
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katharina Wulff
- Departments of Radiation Sciences & Molecular Biology, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christoph Nissen
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
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100
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Khan A, Ahmed R, Burton NW. Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms in secondary school children in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2020; 25:34-46. [PMID: 29096523 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2017.1398313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Depression is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease, and often starts at a young age. Depression in young people can increase the risk of unhealthy lifestyle behaviour and can lead to substantial disability, social problems, poor health, and suicide. Other research has examined depressive symptoms among adult populations in Bangladesh, but little is known about other age groups. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of depressive symptoms among secondary school children of Dhaka city, Bangladesh.Design: A self-completed questionnaire was administered to 898 students from eight secondary schools of Dhaka, the capital City of Bangladesh. Of the respondents, 755 (372 males, 383 females; average age 14.26 years; SD 1.15) completed the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). A score of 10 or more was used to indicate depressive symptoms. Parents completed a separate questionnaire to provide individual and household/family-level data. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) was used to assess sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with adolescent depressive symptoms.Results: Among the responding adolescents, 25% reported depressive symptoms with prevalence more common among females than males (30% vs. 19%). Factors significantly associated with symptoms of depression included being female, aged 15-16 years, self-perception of non-normal weight, feeling unsafe at school, sleep disturbance, low life satisfaction, high intake of sugary drinks, and regularly skipping breakfast.Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are prevalent among secondary school children in urban Bangladesh. Interventions for adolescents with depressive symptoms could focus on lifestyle practices such as weight management, personal safety, sleep hygiene and healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rushdia Ahmed
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nicola W Burton
- School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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