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Kuk MU, Lee H, Song ES, Lee YH, Park JY, Jeong S, Kwon HW, Byun Y, Park SC, Park JT. Functional restoration of lysosomes and mitochondria through modulation of AKT activity ameliorates senescence. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112091. [PMID: 36657533 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is a phenomenon defined by alterations in cellular organelles and is the primary cause of aging and aging-related diseases. Recent studies have shown that oncogene-induced senescence is driven by activation of serine/threonine protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3). In this study, we evaluated twelve AKT inhibitors and revealed GDC0068 as a potential agent to ameliorate senescence. Senescence-ameliorating effect was evident from the finding that GDC0068 yielded lysosomal functional recovery as observed by reduction in lysosomal mass and induction in autophagic flux. Furthermore, GDC0068-mediated restoration of lysosomal function activated the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria, resulting in restoration of mitochondrial function. Together, our findings revealed a unique mechanism by which senescence is recovered by functional restoration of lysosomes and mitochondria through modulation of AKT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Uk Kuk
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneur Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seon Song
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Haeng Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Jeong
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kwon
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
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Stillman JM, Lopes FM, Lin JP, Hu K, Reich DS, Schafer DP. Lipofuscin-like autofluorescence within microglia and its impact on studying microglial engulfment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.28.530224. [PMID: 36909485 PMCID: PMC10002639 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.28.530224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Engulfment of cellular material and proteins is a key function for microglia, a resident macrophage of the central nervous system (CNS). Among the techniques used to measure microglial engulfment, confocal light microscopy has been used the most extensively. Here, we show that autofluorescence (AF), likely due to lipofuscin and typically associated with aging, can also be detected within microglial lysosomes in the young mouse brain by light microscopy. This lipofuscin-AF signal accumulates first within microglia and increases with age, but it is not exacerbated by amyloid beta-related neurodegeneration. We further show that this lipofuscin-AF signal within microglia can confound the interpretation of antibody-labeled synaptic material within microglia in young adult mice. Finally, we implement a robust strategy to quench AF in mouse, marmoset, and human brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Stillman
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnik Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; University of Massachusetts Chan Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Program, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Francisco M. Lopes
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jing-Ping Lin
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Hu
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel S. Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dorothy P. Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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Sebti S, Zou Z, Shiloh MU. BECN1 F121A mutation increases autophagic flux in aged mice and improves aging phenotypes in an organ-dependent manner. Autophagy 2023; 19:957-965. [PMID: 35993269 PMCID: PMC9980460 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2111852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is necessary for lifespan extension in multiple model organisms and autophagy dysfunction impacts age-related phenotypes and diseases. Introduction of an F121A mutation into the essential autophagy protein BECN1 constitutively increases basal autophagy in young mice and reduces cardiac and renal age-related changes in longer lived Becn1F121A mutant mice. However, both autophagic and lysosomal activities decline with age. Thus, whether autophagic flux is maintained during aging and whether it is enhanced in Becn1F121A mice is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that old wild-type mice maintained functional autophagic flux in heart, kidney and skeletal muscle but not liver, and old Becn1F121A mice had increased autophagic flux in those same organs compared to wild type. In parallel, Becn1F121A mice were not protected against age-associated hepatic phenotypes but demonstrated reduced skeletal muscle fiber atrophy. These findings identify an organ-specific role for the ability of autophagy to impact organ aging phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Sebti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhongju Zou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael U. Shiloh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Quantitative Autofluorescence in Non-Neovascular Age Related Macular Degeneration. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020560. [PMID: 36831096 PMCID: PMC9952913 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative autofluorescence (qAF8) level is a presumed surrogate marker of lipofuscin content in the retina. We investigated the changes in the qAF8 levels in non-neovascular AMD. In this prospective cohort study, Caucasians aged ≥50 years with varying severity of non-neovascular AMD in at least one eye and Snellen visual acuity ≥6/18 were recruited. The qAF8 levels were analysed in the middle eight segments of the Delori pattern (HEYEX software, Heidelberg, Germany). The AMD categories were graded using both the Beckman classification and multimodal imaging (MMI) to include the presence of subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD). A total of 353 eyes from 231 participants were analyzed. Compared with the age-matched controls, the qAF8 values decreased in the eyes with AMD (adjusted % difference = -19.7% [95% CI -28.8%, -10.4%]; p < 0.001) and across the AMD categories, (adjusted % differences; Early, -13.1% (-24.4%, -1%), p = 0.04; intermediate AMD (iAMD), -22.9% (-32.3%, -13.1%), p < 0.001; geographic atrophy -25.2% (-38.1%, -10.4%), p = 0.002). On MMI, the qAF8 was reduced in the AMD subgroups relative to the controls, (adjusted % differences; Early, -5.8% (-18.9%, 8.3%); p = 0.40; iAMD, -26.7% (-36.2%, -15.6%); p < 0.001; SDD, -23.7% (-33.6%, -12.2%); p < 0.001; atrophy, -26.7% (-39.3%, -11.3%), p = 0.001). The qAF8 levels declined early in AMD and were not significantly different between the severity levels of non-neovascular AMD, suggesting the early and sustained loss of function of the retinal pigment epithelium in AMD.
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Neumann P, Lenz DE, Streit WJ, Bechmann I. Is microglial dystrophy a form of cellular senescence? An analysis of senescence markers in the aged human brain. Glia 2023; 71:377-390. [PMID: 36286188 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging can cause morphological transformation in human microglia indicative of cell senescence, termed microglial dystrophy. However, cellular senescence is characterized by additional changes, such as an irregular cell cycle arrest, and a variety of metabolic and molecular changes including a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, dysfunction of degradation mechanisms, and altered DNA damage response. Here, we tested whether dystrophic microglia display customary markers of cell senescence by performing double and triple staining in sections of the temporal lobe and brain stem from 14 humans. We found that markers related to oxidative damage, such as upregulation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), and y-H2AX, as well as inclusion of lipofuscin, do not or only exceptionally colocalize with dystrophic microglia. Further, we did not observe a decline in lamin B1 around nuclear laminae in either dystrophic or ramified microglia within the same microscopic field. Only ferritin expression, which is known to increase with aging in CNS microglia, was frequently observed in dystrophic, but rarely in ramified microglial cells. We conclude that neither dystrophic nor ramified microglia in human brain exhibit significant expression of conventional senescence markers associated with oxidative stress, and that ferritin is the dominant immunophenotypic change related to microglial aging. We suggest that multiple pathogenic mechanisms other than those driving cellular senescence contribute to dystrophic transformation of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana E Lenz
- Institute of Anatomy, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang J Streit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Chen XQ, Shen T, Fang SJ, Sun XM, Li GY, Li YF. Protein homeostasis in aging and cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1143532. [PMID: 36875752 PMCID: PMC9978402 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1143532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for cancer development. As dysfunction in protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is a universal hallmark of both the aging process and cancer, a comprehensive understanding of the proteostasis system and its roles in aging and cancer will shed new light on how we can improve health and quality of life for older individuals. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of proteostasis and discuss the relationship between proteostasis and aging and age-related diseases, including cancer. Furthermore, we highlight the clinical application value of proteostasis maintenance in delaying the aging process and promoting long-term health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiong Chen
- Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Shao-Jun Fang
- Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Min Sun
- Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Guo-Yu Li
- Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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Nasiri L, Vaez-Mahdavi MR, Hassanpour H, Ghazanfari T, Kaboudanian Ardestani S, Askari N, Mohseni Majd MA, Rahimlou B. Increased serum lipofuscin associated with leukocyte telomere shortening in veterans: a possible role for sulfur mustard exposure in delayed-onset accelerated cellular senescence. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109549. [PMID: 36508921 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfur mustard (SM) is a toxic gas that causes chronic inflammation and oxidative stress leading to cell senescence. This study aimed to evaluate two indicators of biological aging (i.e., serum lipofuscin level and leukocyte telomere length) and assess their relationship based on the severity of SM exposure in the long term. METHODS The study was performed on two groups of male participants. 1) SM-exposed group (exposed to SM once in 1987), 73 volunteers. 2) Non-exposed group, 16 healthy volunteers. The SM-exposed group was categorized into three subgroups based on the severity of SM exposure and body damage (asymptom, mild, and severe). The blood sample was prepared from members of each group. The serum lipofuscin, TGF-β, malondialdehyde (MDA), c-reactive protein (CRP), and leukocyte telomere length (TL) were measured in all participants. RESULTS The MDA level was increased in the SM-exposed group (mean = 39.6 µM, SD = 16.5) compared to the non-exposed group (mean = 21.1 µM, SD = 10.3) (P < 0.05). The CRP level was also increased in the SM-exposed group (mean = 5.12 mg/l, SD = 3.36) compared to the non-exposed group (mean = 3.51 mg/l, SD = 1.21), while the TGF-β level was decreased (P < 0.05) in the SM-exposed group (mean = 52.6 pg/ml, SD = 18.7) compared to the non-exposed group (mean = 68.9 pg/ml, SD = 13.8). The relative TL was shorter in the SM-exposed group (mean = 0.40, SD = 0.28) than in the non-exposed group (mean = 2.25, SD = 1.41) (P < 0.05). The lipofuscin level was higher in the total SM-exposed group (mean = 1.44 ng/ml, SD = 0.685) than in the non-exposed group (mean = 0.88 ng/ml, SD = 0.449) (P < 0.05). The MDA and CRP levels were increased in the SM-exposed subgroups of asymptom, mild, and severe than the non-exposed group, while TGF-β level and TL were decreased in those subgroups. The lipofuscin level was higher in the SM-exposed subgroups of mild and severe than in the non-exposed group. The regression analysis determined a negative correlation between lipofuscin level and TL. The lipofuscin/TL ratio was higher in the total SM-exposed group (mean = 6.36, SD = 5.342) than in the non-exposed group (mean = 0.51, SD=0.389). This ratio was also higher in the SM-exposed subgroups of asymptom, mild, and severe than in the non-exposed group. The lipofuscin/TL ratio did not differ between mild and severe subgroups. CONCLUSION The delayed toxicity of SM is associated with chronic oxidative stress, continuous inflammatory stimulation, increased lipofuscin, and telomere shortening. Future studies are needed to verify the suitability of serum lipofuscin to telomere length ratio in determining the severity of SM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Nasiri
- Department of Health Equity, Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Vaez-Mahdavi
- Department of Health Equity, Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Hassanpour
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sussan Kaboudanian Ardestani
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nayere Askari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Department of biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Rahimlou
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Liu S, Wu Q, Zhong Y, He Z, Wang Z, Li R, Wang M. Fosthiazate exposure induces oxidative stress, nerve damage, and reproductive disorders in nontarget nematodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:12522-12531. [PMID: 36112285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a forceful nematicide, fosthiazate has been largely applied in the management of root-knot nematodes and other herbivorous nematodes. However, the toxicity of fosthiazate to nontarget nematodes is unclear. To explore the toxicity and the mechanisms of fosthiazate in nontarget nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed to 0.01-10 mg/L fosthiazate. The results implied that treatment with fosthiazate at doses above 0.01 mg/L could cause injury to the growth, locomotion behavior, and reproduction of the nematodes. Moreover, L1 larvae were more vulnerable to fosthiazate exposure than L4 larvae. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipofuscin accumulation were fairly increased in 1 mg/L fosthiazate-exposed nematodes. Treatment with 0.1 mg/L fosthiazate significantly inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase (p < 0.01). Furthermore, subacute exposure to 10 mg/L fosthiazate strongly influenced the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, reproduction, and nerve function (e.g., gst-1, sod-1, puf-8, wee-1.3, and ace-1 genes). These findings suggested that oxidative stress, reproduction and nerve disorders could serve as key endpoints of toxicity induced by fosthiazate. The cyp-35a family gene was the main metabolic fosthiazate in C. elegans, and the cyp-35a5 subtype was the most sensitive, with a change in expression level of 2.11-fold compared with the control. These results indicate that oxidative stress and neurological and reproductive disorders played fundamental roles in the toxicity of fosthiazate in C. elegans and may affect the abundance and function of soil nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiling Liu
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Qiqi Wu
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Yanru Zhong
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Zongzhe He
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu province, China.
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Santos AL, Sinha S. Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and the Therapeutic Role of Antioxidants. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:341-435. [PMID: 37120475 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The gradual ageing of the world population has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. The adipose tissue dysfunction associated with ageing and obesity shares many common physiological features, including increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity may help elucidate the processes that contribute to the metabolic disturbances that occur with ageing. This, in turn, may help identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and age-related metabolic disorders. Because oxidative stress plays a critical role in these pathological processes, antioxidant dietary interventions could be of therapeutic value for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases and obesity and their complications. In this chapter, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which obesity predisposes individuals to accelerated ageing. Additionally, we critically review the potential of antioxidant dietary interventions to counteract obesity and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- IdISBA - Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares, Palma, Spain.
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Baizer JS, Witelson SF. Comparative analysis of four nuclei in the human brainstem: Individual differences, left-right asymmetry, species differences. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1069210. [PMID: 36874056 PMCID: PMC9978016 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1069210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is commonly thought that while the organization of the cerebral cortex changes dramatically over evolution, the organization of the brainstem is conserved across species. It is further assumed that, as in other species, brainstem organization is similar from one human to the next. We will review our data on four human brainstem nuclei that suggest that both ideas may need modification. Methods We have studied the neuroanatomical and neurochemical organization of the nucleus paramedianus dorsalis (PMD), the principal nucleus of the inferior olive (IOpr), the arcuate nucleus of the medulla (Arc) and the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DC). We compared these human brainstem nuclei to nuclei in other mammals including chimpanzees, monkeys, cats and rodents. We studied human cases from the Witelson Normal Brain collection using Nissl and immunostained sections, and examined archival Nissl and immunostained sections from other species. Results We found significant individual variability in the size and shape of brainstem structures among humans. There is left-right asymmetry in the size and appearance of nuclei, dramatically so in the IOpr and Arc. In humans there are nuclei, e.g., the PMD and the Arc, not seen in several other species. In addition, there are brainstem structures that are conserved across species but show major expansion in humans, e.g., the IOpr. Finally, there are nuclei, e.g. the DC, that show major differences in structure among species. Discussion Overall, the results suggest several principles of human brainstem organization that distinguish humans from other species. Studying the functional correlates of, and the genetic contributions to, these brainstem characteristics are important future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan S Baizer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Sandra F Witelson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Duro-Sánchez S, Nadal-Serrano M, Lalinde-Gutiérrez M, Arenas EJ, Bernadó Morales C, Morancho B, Escorihuela M, Pérez-Ramos S, Escrivá-de-Romaní S, Gandullo-Sánchez L, Pandiella A, Esteve-Codina A, Rodilla V, Dijcks FA, Dokter WH, Cortés J, Saura C, Arribas J. Therapy-Induced Senescence Enhances the Efficacy of HER2-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4670-4679. [PMID: 36222720 PMCID: PMC9755966 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) are antineoplastic agents recently introduced into the antitumor arsenal. T-DM1, a trastuzumab-based ADC that relies on lysosomal processing to release the payload, is approved for HER2-positive breast cancer. Next-generation ADCs targeting HER2, such as [vic-]trastuzumab duocarmazine (SYD985), bear linkers cleavable by lysosomal proteases and membrane-permeable drugs, mediating a bystander effect by which neighboring antigen-negative cells are eliminated. Many antitumor therapies, like DNA-damaging agents or CDK4/6 inhibitors, can induce senescence, a cellular state characterized by stable cell-cycle arrest. Another hallmark of cellular senescence is the enlargement of the lysosomal compartment. Given the relevance of the lysosome to the mechanism of action of ADCs, we hypothesized that therapies that induce senescence would potentiate the efficacy of HER2-targeting ADCs. Treatment with the DNA-damaging agent doxorubicin and CDK4/6 inhibitor induced lysosomal enlargement and senescence in several breast cancer cell lines. While senescence-inducing drugs did not increase the cytotoxic effect of ADCs on target cells, the bystander effect was enhanced when HER2-negative cells were cocultured with HER2-low cells. Knockdown experiments demonstrated the importance of cathepsin B in the enhanced bystander effect, suggesting that cathepsin B mediates linker cleavage. In breast cancer patient-derived xenografts, a combination treatment of CDK4/6 inhibitor and SYD985 showed improved antitumor effects over either treatment alone. These data support the strategy of combining next-generation ADCs targeting HER2 with senescence-inducing therapies for tumors with heterogenous and low HER2 expression. SIGNIFICANCE Combining ADCs against HER2-positive breast cancers with therapies that induce cellular senescence may improve their therapeutic efficacy by facilitating a bystander effect against antigen-negative tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Duro-Sánchez
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Nadal-Serrano
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Lalinde-Gutiérrez
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Javier Arenas
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Bernadó Morales
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Morancho
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Escorihuela
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez-Ramos
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Escrivá-de-Romaní
- Breast Cancer and Melanoma Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Gandullo-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Breast Cancer and Melanoma Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- NAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Rodilla
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Javier Cortés
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Saura
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Corresponding Author: Joaquín Arribas, Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain. Phone: 349-3274-6026; E-mail:
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Dutta RK, Lee JN, Maharjan Y, Park C, Choe SK, Ho YS, Kwon HM, Park R. Catalase-deficient mice induce aging faster through lysosomal dysfunction. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:192. [PMID: 36474295 PMCID: PMC9724376 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysosomes are a central hub for cellular metabolism and are involved in the regulation of cell homeostasis through the degradation or recycling of unwanted or dysfunctional organelles through the autophagy pathway. Catalase, a peroxisomal enzyme, plays an important role in cellular antioxidant defense by decomposing hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. In accordance with pleiotropic significance, both impaired lysosomes and catalase have been linked to many age-related pathologies with a decline in lifespan. Aging is characterized by progressive accumulation of macromolecular damage and the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species. Although lysosomes degrade the most long-lived proteins and organelles via the autophagic pathway, the role of lysosomes and their effect on catalase during aging is not known. The present study investigated the role of catalase and lysosomal function in catalase-knockout (KO) mice. METHODS We performed experiments on WT and catalase KO younger (9 weeks) and mature adult (53 weeks) male mice and Mouse embryonic fibroblasts isolated from WT and KO mice from E13.5 embryos as in vivo and in ex-vivo respectively. Mouse phenotyping studies were performed with controls, and a minimum of two independent experiments were performed with more than five mice in each group. RESULTS We found that at the age of 53 weeks (mature adult), catalase-KO mice exhibited an aging phenotype faster than wild-type (WT) mice. We also found that mature adult catalase-KO mice induced leaky lysosome by progressive accumulation of lysosomal content, such as cathespin D, into the cytosol. Leaky lysosomes inhibited autophagosome formation and triggered impaired autophagy. The dysregulation of autophagy triggered mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) activation. However, the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine and mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin rescued leaky lysosomes and aging phenotypes in catalase-deficient mature adult mice. CONCLUSIONS This study unveils the new role of catalase and its role in lysosomal function during aging. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghbendra Kumar Dutta
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of AI-Medical Science, GRI, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of AI-Medical Science, GRI, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Yunash Maharjan
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of AI-Medical Science, GRI, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Channy Park
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of AI-Medical Science, GRI, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- grid.410899.d0000 0004 0533 4755Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Shih Ho
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI USA
| | - Hyug Moo Kwon
- grid.42687.3f0000 0004 0381 814XSchool of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of AI-Medical Science, GRI, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
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63
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Park JY, Lee H, Song ES, Lee YH, Kuk MU, Ko G, Kwon HW, Byun Y, Park JT. Restoration of Lysosomal and Mitochondrial Function Through p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibition Ameliorates Senescence. Rejuvenation Res 2022; 25:291-299. [PMID: 36205578 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest by oncogene activation, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aging and age-related diseases. Recent research indicates that OIS is driven by activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). However, it is not apparent whether MAPK inhibition helps to recover senescence. In our previous study, we uncovered p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, as an effective agent to reduce reactive oxygen species and increase proliferation in premature senescent cells. In this study, we evaluated whether SB203580 could ameliorate senescence in normal senescent cells. The senescence-improving effect was observed in the results that SB203580 treatment restored lysosomal function, as evidenced by a decrease in lysosomal mass and an increase in autophagic vacuoles. Then, SB203580-mediated lysosomal function restoration triggered the clearance of damaged mitochondria, leading to metabolic reprogramming necessary for amelioration of senescence. Indeed, p38 MAPK inhibition by SB203580 improved key senescent phenotypes. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism by which modulation of p38 MAPK activity leads to senescence improvement through functional restoration of lysosome and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneur Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seon Song
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Haeng Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Uk Kuk
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahyun Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kwon
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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64
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Vellasamy DM, Lee SJ, Goh KW, Goh BH, Tang YQ, Ming LC, Yap WH. Targeting Immune Senescence in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13059. [PMID: 36361845 PMCID: PMC9658319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the main underlying causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It is associated with chronic inflammation and intimal thickening as well as the involvement of multiple cell types including immune cells. The engagement of innate or adaptive immune response has either athero-protective or atherogenic properties in exacerbating or alleviating atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, the mechanism of action of immune cells, particularly monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and B- and T-lymphocytes have been discussed. Immuno-senescence is associated with aging, viral infections, genetic predispositions, and hyperlipidemia, which contribute to atherosclerosis. Immune senescent cells secrete SASP that delays or accelerates atherosclerosis plaque growth and associated pathologies such as aneurysms and coronary artery disease. Senescent cells undergo cell cycle arrest, morphological changes, and phenotypic changes in terms of their abundances and secretome profile including cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressions. The senescence markers are used in therapeutics and currently, senolytics represent one of the emerging treatments where specific targets and clearance of senescent cells are being considered as therapy targets for the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danusha Michelle Vellasamy
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Jye Lee
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yin-Quan Tang
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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Relationship between Postural Stability, Lead Content, and Selected Parameters of Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112768. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study attempts to determine whether the increased blood lead concentration affects the posturographic test and to determine the relationship between the parameters of posture stability and selected parameters of oxidative stress. The study population consisted of 268 male employees and was divided into two equal subgroups, depending on the lead content in the blood. A posturographic examination was performed. Concentrations of lead, cadmium, zinc protoporphyrin, selected essential elements, and selected markers of oxidative stress in the blood were tested. Higher blood lead concentrations positively affected the values of the sway results: the field and the mean velocity of the center of the feet pressure in posturography. The absolute value of the proprioception ratio was similar in both subgroups. The content of malondialdehyde shows a statistically significantly higher value in a subgroup with high blood lead concentration and exhibits significant correlations only with some of the posturography parameters. The lipofuscin content in erythrocytes correlates with the results of the posturography test. Zinc protoporphyrin, total oxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, selected minerals, and metals did not correlate with the results of the posturography test. In conclusion, posturographic results correlate only with selected markers of oxidative stress, so it can be assumed that the effect on the body balance is only partial.
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Khanijou JK, Yee Z, Raida M, Lee JM, Tay EZE, Gruber J, Walczyk T. Efficiency of Protein Renewal Is Limited by Feed Intake and Not by Protein Lifetime in Aging Caenorhabditis elegans. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2664-2686. [PMID: 36181456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein turnover maintains the proteome's functional integrity. Here, protein turnover efficiency over time in wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans was assessed using inverse [15N]-pulse labeling up to 7 days after the egg-laying phase at 20 °C. Isotopic analysis of some abundant proteins was executed favoring data quality over quantity for mathematical modeling. Surprisingly, isotopic enrichment over time reached an upper limit showing an apparent cessation of protein renewal well before death, with protein fractions inaccessible to turnover ranging from 14 to 83%. For life span modulation, worms were raised at different temperatures after egg laying. Mathematical modeling of isotopic enrichment points either to a slowdown of protein turnover or to an increasing protein fraction resistant to turnover with time. Most notably, the estimated time points of protein turnover cessation from our mathematical model were highly correlated with the observed median life span. Thrashing and pumping rates over time were linearly correlated with isotopic enrichment, therefore linking protein/tracer intake to protein turnover rate and protein life span. If confirmed, life span extension is possible by optimizing protein turnover rate through modulating protein intake in C. elegans and possibly other organisms. While proteome maintenance benefits from a high protein turnover rate, protein turnover is fundamentally energy-intensive, where oxidative stress contributes to damage that it is supposed to repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur Khanijou
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Shared Analytics, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Zhuangli Yee
- Yale-NUS College, Singapore 138527, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Manfred Raida
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117597, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Jin Meng Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Evan Zhi En Tay
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jan Gruber
- Yale-NUS College, Singapore 138527, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Thomas Walczyk
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Possibilities of using T-cell biophysical biomarkers of ageing. Expert Rev Mol Med 2022; 24:e35. [PMID: 36111609 PMCID: PMC9884748 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is interrelated with the development of immunosenescence. This article focuses on one of the cell sets of the adaptive immune system, T cells, and provides a review of the known changes in T cells associated with ageing. Such fundamental changes affect both cell molecular content and internal ordering. However, acquiring a complete description of the changes at these levels would require extensive measurements of parameters and, furthermore, important fine details of the internal ordering that may be difficult to detect. Therefore, an alternative approach for the characterisation of cells consists of the performance of physical measurements of the whole cell, such as deformability measurements or migration measurements: the physical parameters, complementing the commonly used chemical biomarkers, may contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of T-cell states during ageing. Mechanical measurements, among other biophysical measurements, have the advantage of their relative simplicity: one single parameter agglutinates the complex effects of the variety of changes that gradually appear in cells during ageing.
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Wang Y, Liu H, Fu G, Li Y, Ji X, Zhang S, Qiao K. Paecilomyces variotii extract increases lifespan and protects against oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans through SKN-1, but not DAF-16. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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69
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Lin M, Stewart MT, Zefi S, Mateti KV, Gauthier A, Sharma B, Martinez LR, Ashby CR, Mantell LL. Dual effects of supplemental oxygen on pulmonary infection, inflammatory lung injury, and neuromodulation in aging and COVID-19. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:247-263. [PMID: 35964839 PMCID: PMC9367207 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown a significant positive correlation between age and the likelihood of being infected with SARS-CoV-2. This increased susceptibility is positively correlated with chronic inflammation and compromised neurocognitive functions. Postmortem analyses suggest that acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with systemic and lung hyperinflammation, can cause significant morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Supraphysiological supplemental oxygen, also known as hyperoxia, is commonly used to treat decreased blood oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients. However, prolonged exposure to hyperoxia alone can cause oxygen toxicity, due to an excessive increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can overwhelm the cellular antioxidant capacity. Subsequently, this causes oxidative cellular damage and increased levels of aging biomarkers, such as telomere shortening and inflammaging. The oxidative stress in the lungs and brain can compromise innate immunity, resulting in an increased susceptibility to secondary lung infections, impaired neurocognitive functions, and dysregulated hyperinflammation, which can lead to ALI/ARDS, and even death. Studies indicate that lung inflammation is regulated by the central nervous system, notably, the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP), which is innervated by the vagus nerve and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) on lung cells, particularly lung macrophages. The activation of α7nAChRs attenuates oxygen toxicity in the lungs and improves clinical outcomes by restoring hyperoxia-compromised innate immunity. Mechanistically, α7nAChR agonist (e.g., GAT 107 and GTS-21) can regulate redox signaling by 1) activating Nrf2, a master regulator of the antioxidant response and a cytoprotective defense system, which can decrease cellular damage caused by ROS and 2) inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response. Notably, GTS-21 has been shown to be safe and it improves neurocognitive functions in humans. Therefore, targeting the α7nAChR may represent a viable therapeutic approach for attenuating dysregulated hyperinflammation-mediated ARDS and sepsis in COVID-19 patients receiving prolonged oxygen therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Maleka T Stewart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Sidorela Zefi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Kranthi Venkat Mateti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Alex Gauthier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Bharti Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Lauren R Martinez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Lin L Mantell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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70
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Wang L, Xiao CY, Li JH, Tang GC, Xiao SS. Transport and Possible Outcome of Lipofuscin in Mouse Myocardium. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s207905702203016x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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71
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Wang YZ, Guo SY, Kong RL, Sui AR, Wang ZH, Guan RX, Supratik K, Zhao J, Li S. Scorpion Venom Heat–Resistant Synthesized Peptide Increases Stress Resistance and Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via the Insulin/IGF-1-Like Signal Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919269. [PMID: 35910355 PMCID: PMC9330001 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving healthy life expectancy by targeting aging-related pathological changes has been the spotlight of geroscience. Scorpions have been used in traditional medicine in Asia and Africa for a long time. We have isolated heat-resistant peptides from scorpion venom of Buthusmartensii Karsch (SVHRP) and found that SVHRP can attenuate microglia activation and protect Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) against β-amyloid toxicity. Based on the amino acid sequence of these peptides, scorpion venom heat–resistant synthesized peptide (SVHRSP) was prepared using polypeptide synthesis technology. In the present study, we used C. elegans as a model organism to assess the longevity-related effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of SVHRSP in vivo. The results showed that SVHRSP could prolong the lifespan of worms and significantly improve the age-related physiological functions of worms. SVHRSP increases the survival rate of larvae under oxidative and heat stress and decreases the level of reactive oxygen species and fat accumulation in vivo. Using gene-specific mutation of C. elegans, we found that SVHRSP-mediated prolongation of life depends on Daf-2, Daf-16, Skn-1, and Hsf-1 genes. These results indicate that the antiaging mechanism of SVHRSP in nematodes might be mediated by the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, SVHRSP could also up-regulate the expression of stress-inducing genes Hsp-16.2, Sod-3, Gei-7, and Ctl-1 associated with aging. In general, our study may have important implications for SVHRSP to promote healthy aging and provide strategies for research and development of drugs to treat age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zi Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Song-Yu Guo
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rui-Li Kong
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ao-Ran Sui
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rong-Xiao Guan
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kundu Supratik
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Zhao, ; Shao Li,
| | - Shao Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Zhao, ; Shao Li,
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Roeder SS, Burkardt P, Rost F, Rode J, Brusch L, Coras R, Englund E, Håkansson K, Possnert G, Salehpour M, Primetzhofer D, Csiba L, Molnár S, Méhes G, Tonchev AB, Schwab S, Bergmann O, Huttner HB. Evidence for postnatal neurogenesis in the human amygdala. Commun Biol 2022; 5:366. [PMID: 35440676 PMCID: PMC9018740 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human amygdala is involved in processing of memory, decision-making, and emotional responses. Previous studies suggested that the amygdala may represent a neurogenic niche in mammals. By combining two distinct methodological approaches, lipofuscin quantification and 14C-based retrospective birth dating of neurons, along with mathematical modelling, we here explored whether postnatal neurogenesis exists in the human amygdala. We investigated post-mortem samples of twelve neurologically healthy subjects. The average rate of lipofuscin-negative neurons was 3.4%, representing a substantial proportion of cells substantially younger than the individual. Mass spectrometry analysis of genomic 14C-concentrations in amygdala neurons compared with atmospheric 14C-levels provided evidence for postnatal neuronal exchange. Mathematical modelling identified a best-fitting scenario comprising of a quiescent and a renewing neuronal population with an overall renewal rate of >2.7% per year. In conclusion, we provide evidence for postnatal neurogenesis in the human amygdala with cell turnover rates comparable to the hippocampus. Lipofuscin labeling and 14 C retrospective birth-dating of neurons, along with mathematical modelling, here suggest continued postnatal neurogenesis in the human amygdala, rather than protracted maturation of developmentally generated neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian S Roeder
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Burkardt
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Rost
- Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing (ZIH), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, DRESDEN-concept Genome Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julian Rode
- Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing (ZIH), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lutz Brusch
- Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing (ZIH), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roland Coras
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Karl Håkansson
- Tandem Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Mehran Salehpour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Primetzhofer
- Tandem Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - László Csiba
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sarolta Molnár
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anton B Tonchev
- Departments of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Stem Cell Biology, Medical University Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Schwab
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olaf Bergmann
- Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hagen B Huttner
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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73
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Zhu A, Zheng F, Zhang W, Li L, Li Y, Hu H, Wu Y, Bao W, Li G, Wang Q, Li H. Oxidation and Antioxidation of Natural Products in the Model Organism Caenorhabditiselegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040705. [PMID: 35453390 PMCID: PMC9029379 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are small molecules naturally produced by multiple sources such as plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and archaea. They exert both beneficial and detrimental effects by modulating biological targets and pathways involved in oxidative stress and antioxidant response. Natural products’ oxidative or antioxidative properties are usually investigated in preclinical experimental models, including virtual computing simulations, cell and tissue cultures, rodent and nonhuman primate animal models, and human studies. Due to the renewal of the concept of experimental animals, especially the popularization of alternative 3R methods for reduction, replacement and refinement, many assessment experiments have been carried out in new alternative models. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans has been used for medical research since Sydney Brenner revealed its genetics in 1974 and has been introduced into pharmacology and toxicology in the past two decades. The data from C. elegans have been satisfactorily correlated with traditional experimental models. In this review, we summarize the advantages of C. elegans in assessing oxidative and antioxidative properties of natural products and introduce methods to construct an oxidative damage model in C. elegans. The biomarkers and signaling pathways involved in the oxidative stress of C. elegans are summarized, as well as the oxidation and antioxidation in target organs of the muscle, nervous, digestive and reproductive systems. This review provides an overview of the oxidative and antioxidative properties of natural products based on the model organism C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.W.); (W.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China;
| | - Ludi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingzi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Yajiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.W.); (W.B.)
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wenqiang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.W.); (W.B.)
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China;
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.L.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Compatibility Toxicology, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
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74
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Cellular senescence in the Aging Brain: A promising target for neurodegenerative diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 204:111675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abstract
Ageing, death, and potential immortality lie at the heart of biology, but two seemingly incompatible paradigms coexist in different research communities and have done since the nineteenth century. The universal senescence paradigm sees senescence as inevitable in all cells. Damage accumulates. The potential immortality paradigm sees some cells as potentially immortal, especially unicellular organisms, germ cells and cancerous cells. Recent research with animal cells, yeasts and bacteria show that damaged cell constituents do in fact build up, but can be diluted by growth and cell division, especially by asymmetric cell division. By contrast, mammalian embryonic stem cells and many cancerous and 'immortalized' cell lines divide symmetrically, and yet replicate indefinitely. How do they acquire their potential immortality? I suggest they are rejuvenated by excreting damaged cell constituents in extracellular vesicles. If so, our understanding of cellular senescence, rejuvenation and potential immortality could be brought together in a new synthesis, which I call the cellular rejuvenation hypothesis: damaged cell constituents build up in all cells, but cells can be rejuvenated either by growth and cell division or, in 'immortal' cell lines, by excreting damaged cell constituents. In electronic supplementary material, appendix, I outline nine ways in which this hypothesis could be tested.
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76
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Androuin A, Thierry M, Boluda S, Baskaran A, Langui D, Duyckaerts C, Potier MC, El Hachimi KH, Delatour B, Marty S. Alterations of Neuronal Lysosomes in Alzheimer's Disease and in APPxPS1-KI Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:273-284. [PMID: 35275545 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cellular and molecular alterations associated with synapse and neuron loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unclear. In transgenic mouse models that express mutations responsible for familial AD, neuronal and synaptic losses occur in populations that accumulate fibrillar amyloid-β 42 (Aβ 42) intracellularly. OBJECTIVE We aimed to study the subcellular localization of these fibrillar accumulations and whether such intraneuronal assemblies could be observed in the human pathology. METHODS We used immunolabeling and various electron microscopy techniques on APP x presenilin1 - knock-in mice and on human cortical biopsies and postmortem samples. RESULTS We found an accumulation of Aβ fibrils in lipofuscin granule-like organelles in APP x presenilin1 - knock-in mice. Electron microscopy of human cortical biopsies also showed an accumulation of undigested material in enlarged lipofuscin granules in neurons from AD compared to age-matched non-AD patients. However, in those biopsies or in postmortem samples we could not detect intraneuronal accumulations of Aβ fibrils, neither in the lipofuscin granules nor in other intraneuronal compartments. CONCLUSION The intralysosomal accumulation of Aβ fibrils in specific neuronal populations in APPxPS1-KI mice likely results from a high concentration of Aβ 42 in the endosome-lysosome system due to the high expression of the transgene in these neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Androuin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Present address: Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris, France
| | - Manon Thierry
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Susana Boluda
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Asha Baskaran
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Langui
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Charles Duyckaerts
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claude Potier
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Khalid Hamid El Hachimi
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Neurogénétique, EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Delatour
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Serge Marty
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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77
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Tarbali S, Karami Mehrian S, Khezri S. Toxicity effects evaluation of green synthesized silver nanoparticles on intraperitoneally exposed male Wistar rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:488-500. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2049412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Tarbali
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Saeed Karami Mehrian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Khezri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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78
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García-Mendívil L, Pérez-Zabalza M, Mountris K, Duwé S, Smisdom N, Pérez M, Luján L, Wolfs E, Driesen RB, Vallejo-Gil JM, Fresneda-Roldán PC, Fañanás-Mastral J, Vázquez-Sancho M, Matamala-Adell M, Sorribas-Berjón JF, Bellido-Morales JA, Mancebón-Sierra FJ, Vaca-Núñez AS, Ballester-Cuenca C, Oliván-Viguera A, Diez E, Ordovás L, Pueyo E. Analysis of age-related left ventricular collagen remodeling in living donors: Implications in arrhythmogenesis. iScience 2022; 25:103822. [PMID: 35198884 PMCID: PMC8850748 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related fibrosis in the left ventricle (LV) has been mainly studied in animals by assessing collagen content. Using second-harmonic generation microscopy and image processing, we evaluated amount, aggregation and spatial distribution of LV collagen in young to old pigs, and middle-age and elder living donors. All collagen features increased when comparing adult and old pigs with young ones, but not when comparing adult with old pigs or middle-age with elder individuals. Remarkably, all collagen parameters strongly correlated with lipofuscin, a biological age marker, in humans. By building patient-specific models of human ventricular tissue electrophysiology, we confirmed that amount and organization of fibrosis modulated arrhythmia vulnerability, and that distribution should be accounted for arrhythmia risk assessment. In conclusion, we characterize the age-associated changes in LV collagen and its potential implications for ventricular arrhythmia development. Consistency between pig and human results substantiate the pig as a relevant model of age-related LV collagen dynamics. Collagen remodeling traits change from youth to adulthood, not from midlife onwards In humans, collagen remodeling traits relate with the biological age-pigment lipofuscin Beyond collagen amount, its distribution also influences ventricular arrhythmogenesis Consistent age-related remodeling was observed amid healthy farm pigs and living donors
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Mendívil
- Biomedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation Group (BSICoS), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,BSICoS, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - María Pérez-Zabalza
- Biomedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation Group (BSICoS), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,BSICoS, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Mountris
- Biomedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation Group (BSICoS), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,BSICoS, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Sam Duwé
- Advanced Optical Microscopy Centre, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3500, Belgium
| | - Nick Smisdom
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3500, Belgium
| | - Marta Pérez
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Mixto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain
| | - Lluís Luján
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Mixto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain.,Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain
| | - Esther Wolfs
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3500, Belgium
| | - Ronald B Driesen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3500, Belgium
| | - José María Vallejo-Gil
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | | | - Javier Fañanás-Mastral
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Sancho
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Marta Matamala-Adell
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Ballester-Cuenca
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Aida Oliván-Viguera
- Biomedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation Group (BSICoS), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,BSICoS, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Emiliano Diez
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Laura Ordovás
- Biomedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation Group (BSICoS), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,BSICoS, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,ARAID Foundation, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Esther Pueyo
- Biomedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation Group (BSICoS), Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,BSICoS, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza 50018, Spain
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79
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The Endogenous Metabolite Glycerophosphocholine Promotes Longevity and Fitness in Caenorhabditis elegans. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020177. [PMID: 35208251 PMCID: PMC8875989 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and aging are closely connected. The choline derivative glycerophosphocholine (GPC), an important precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, plays important roles in brain and nervous system function. Although it has been reported to alleviate cognitive decline in aged mice, whether GPC could promote longevity and other fitness factors remains unclear. Here, we find endogenous GPC level declines in the plasma of ageing humans. In Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), GPC extends lifespan and improves exercise capacity during aging. Likewise, GPC inhibits lipofuscin accumulation. We further show that GPC treatment has no adverse effect on nematodes’ reproductive abilities and body length. In addition to its benefits under normal conditions, GPC enhances the stress resistance of C. elegans. Mechanically, we find GPC significantly inhibits the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in worms. Our findings indicate the health benefits of GPC and its potential application in strategies to improve lifespan and healthspan.
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80
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Wang TF, Wu SY, Pan BS, Tsai SF, Kuo YM. Inhibition of Nigral Microglial Activation Reduces Age-Related Loss of Dopaminergic Neurons and Motor Deficits. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030481. [PMID: 35159290 PMCID: PMC8834087 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease caused by a selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Microglial activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. This study aimed to characterize the role of microglial activation in aging-related nigral DA neuron loss and motor deficits in mice. We showed that, compared to 3-month-old mice, the number of DA neurons in the SN and the expression of dopamine transporter (DAT) in the striatum decreased during the period of 9 to 12 months of age. Motor deficits and microglial activation in the SN were also evident during these months. The number of DA neurons was negatively correlated with the degrees of microglial activation. The inhibition of age-related microglial activation by ibuprofen during these 3 months decreased DA neuron loss in the SN. Eliminating the microglia prevented systemic inflammation-induced DA neuron death. Forcing mice to run during these 3 months inhibited microglial activation and DA neuron loss. Blocking the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling eliminated the exercise-induced protective effects. In conclusion, nigral DA neurons were susceptible to local microglial activation. Running exercise upregulated BDNF-TrkB signaling and inhibited microglial activation during aging. Long-term exercise can be considered as a non-pharmacological strategy to ameliorate microglial activation and related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Feng Wang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Ying Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (B.-S.P.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Bo-Syong Pan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (B.-S.P.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Sheng-Feng Tsai
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (B.-S.P.)
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (S.-Y.W.); (B.-S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-2353535 (ext. 5294); Fax: +886-6-2093007
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81
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Fan Z, Li Y, Chen S, Xu L, Tian Y, Cao Y, Pan Z, Zhang X, Chen Y, Ren F. Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate Ameliorates Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Injury by Inhibiting Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794319. [PMID: 35058778 PMCID: PMC8763799 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a type of liver injury that is caused by multiple factors and leads to severe liver dysfunction; however, current treatments for ALF are insufficient. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG), a novel glycyrrhizin extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine licorice, has a significant protective effect against concanavalin A (ConA)-induced liver injury, but its underlying therapeutic mechanism is unclear. Hence, this study aims to explore the potential therapeutic mechanism of MgIG against ConA-induced immune liver injury. Methods: ConA (20 mg/kg, i. v.) was administered for 12 h to construct an immune liver injury model, and the treatment group was given MgIG (30 mg/kg, i. p.) injection 1 h in advance. Lethality, liver injury, cytokine levels, and hepatocyte death were evaluated. The level of autophagy was evaluated by electron microscopy, RT-PCR and western blotting, and hepatocyte death was assessed in vitro by flow cytometry. Results: MgIG significantly increased the survival rate of mice and ameliorated severe liver injury mediated by ConA. The decrease in the number of autophagosomes, downregulation of LC3b expression and upregulation of p62 expression indicated that MgIG significantly inhibited ConA-induced autophagy in the liver. Reactivation of autophagy by rapamycin (RAPA) reversed the protective effect of MgIG against ConA-induced liver injury. Compared with MgIG treatment, activation of autophagy by RAPA also promoted the expression of liver inflammation markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL-1, CXCL-2, CXCL-10, etc.) and hepatocyte death. In vitro experiments also showed that MgIG reduced ConA-induced hepatocyte death but did not decrease hepatocyte apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy. Conclusion: MgIG significantly ameliorated ConA-induced immune liver injury in mice by inhibiting autophagy. This study provides theoretical support for the ability of MgIG to protect against liver injury in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Fan
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxian Li
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaling Cao
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Pan
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangying Zhang
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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82
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Le S, Fu X, Pang M, Zhou Y, Yin G, Zhang J, Fan D. The Antioxidative Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy as a Downstream Regulator of Oxidative Stress in Human Diseases. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221114178. [PMID: 36131551 PMCID: PMC9500268 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221114178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) plays an important role in regulating a variety of cellular functions by selectively degrading damaged or functional proteins in the cytoplasm. One of the cellular processes in which CMA participates is the oxidative stress response. Oxidative stress regulates CMA activity, while CMA protects cells from oxidative damage by degrading oxidized proteins and preventing the accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Changes in CMA activity have been found in many human diseases, and oxidative stress is also involved. Therefore, understanding the interaction mechanism of ROS and CMA will provide new targets for disease treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of CMA in combatting oxidative stress during the development of different conditions, such as aging, neurodegeneration, liver diseases, infections, pulmonary disorders, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Le
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, 74626Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, 12644Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, 74626Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, 12644Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Maogui Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, 12644Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, 74626Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, 12644Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guoqing Yin
- Department of Oncology, 572481Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, 572481Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, 74626Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, 12644Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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83
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Cai J, Chen Z, Wu Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Lin Q, Liang Y. Rice bran peptide KF-8 extends the lifespan and improves healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans via skn-1 and daf-16. Food Funct 2022; 13:2427-2440. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03718h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the increased aging of the population, the extension of lifespan and the improvement of healthspan have become important. Our previous studies showed that the rice bran peptide KF-8 exerts...
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84
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Liu Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang S, Ji X, Qiao K. Oxidative stress, intestinal damage, and cell apoptosis: Toxicity induced by fluopyram in Caenorhabditis elegans. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131830. [PMID: 34388432 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluopyram, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and nematicide, has been used extensively for agricultural pest control and toxicologically affects non-target organisms. In the present study, Caenorhabditis elegans, a well-established model organism, was used to evaluate the toxic effect of fluopyram and the possible molecular mechanisms. C. elegans was exposed to fluopyram for 24 h at three sublethal concentrations (0.01, 0.05 and 0.25 mg/L) and the physiological, biochemical, and molecular indicators were examined. The results showed that sublethal exposure to fluopyram could cause damage to growth, locomotion behavior, feeding, lifespan and reproduction of the nematodes. Fluopyram exposure induced oxidative stress as indicated by increase of ROS production, lipofuscin and lipid accumulation, and MDA level in the nematodes. In contrast, exposure to fluopyram significantly decreased the activities of target enzyme SDH and antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT and GST. Moreover, the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress (e.g., gst-4, sod-3, fat-7, mev-1 and daf-16), intestinal damage (e.g., mtm-6, nhx-2, opt-2, pkc-3, par-6, act-5 and egl-8), and cell apoptosis (e.g., ced-13, ced-3, egl-38, efl-2, cep-1 and lgg-1) was significantly influenced after exposure to fluopyram. According to Pearson correlation analyses, significant correlation existed between 190 pairs of parameters, which indicated that fluopyram induced multiple toxic related effects in C. elegans. These findings suggest that oxidative stress, intestinal damage, and cell apoptosis may play major roles in toxicity of fluopyram in the nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shouan Zhang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA
| | - Xiaoxue Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Kang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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85
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Larsen AK, Simón-Santamaría J, Elvevold K, Ericzon BG, Mortensen KE, McCourt P, Smedsrød B, Sørensen KK. Autofluorescence in freshly isolated adult human liver sinusoidal cells. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65. [PMID: 34897295 PMCID: PMC8696389 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autofluorescent granules of various sizes were observed in primary human liver endothelial cells (LSECs) upon laser irradiation using a wide range of wavelengths. Autofluorescence was detected in LAMP-1 positive vesicles, suggesting lysosomal location. Confocal imaging of freshly prepared cultures and imaging flow cytometry of non-cultured cells revealed fluorescence in all channels used. Treatment with a lipofuscin autofluorescence quencher reduced autofluorescence, most efficiently in the near UV-area. These results, combined with the knowledge of the very active blood clearance function of LSECs support the notion that lysosomally located autofluorescent material reflected accumulation of lipofuscin in the intact liver. These results illustrate the importance of careful selection of fluorophores, especially when labelling of live cells where the quencher is not compatible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kjetil Elvevold
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø.
| | - Bo Göran Ericzon
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm.
| | | | - Peter McCourt
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø.
| | - Bård Smedsrød
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø.
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86
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Cellular Senescence in Adrenocortical Biology and Its Disorders. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123474. [PMID: 34943980 PMCID: PMC8699888 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is considered a physiological process along with aging and has recently been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of many age-related disorders. Cellular senescence was first found in human fibroblasts and gradually explored in many other organs, including endocrine organs. The adrenal cortex is essential for the maintenance of blood volume, carbohydrate metabolism, reaction to stress and the development of sexual characteristics. Recently, the adrenal cortex was reported to harbor some obvious age-dependent features. For instance, the circulating levels of aldosterone and adrenal androgen gradually descend, whereas those of cortisol increase with aging. The detailed mechanisms have remained unknown, but cellular senescence was considered to play an essential role in age-related changes of the adrenal cortex. Recent studies have demonstrated that the senescent phenotype of zona glomerulosa (ZG) acts in association with reduced aldosterone production in both physiological and pathological aldosterone-producing cells, whereas senescent cortical-producing cells seemed not to have a suppressed cortisol-producing ability. In addition, accumulated lipofuscin formation, telomere shortening and cellular atrophy in zona reticularis cells during aging may account for the age-dependent decline in adrenal androgen levels. In adrenocortical disorders, including both aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and cortisol-producing adenoma (CPA), different cellular subtypes of tumor cells presented divergent senescent phenotypes, whereby compact cells in both APA and CPA harbored more senescent phenotypes than clear cells. Autonomous cortisol production from CPA reinforced a local cellular senescence that was more severe than that in APA. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) was also reported to harbor oncogene-induced senescence, which compensatorily follows carcinogenesis and tumor progress. Adrenocortical steroids can induce not only a local senescence but also a periphery senescence in many other tissues. Therefore, herein, we systemically review the recent advances related to cellular senescence in adrenocortical biology and its associated disorders.
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87
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Kluever V, Fornasiero EF. Principles of brain aging: Status and challenges of modeling human molecular changes in mice. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101465. [PMID: 34555542 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extension of human life expectancy, the prevalence of cognitive impairment is rising in the older portion of society. Developing new strategies to delay or attenuate cognitive decline is vital. For this purpose, it is imperative to understand the cellular and molecular events at the basis of brain aging. While several organs are directly accessible to molecular analysis through biopsies, the brain constitutes a notable exception. Most of the molecular studies are performed on postmortem tissues, where cell death and tissue damage have already occurred. Hence, the study of the molecular aspects of cognitive decline largely relies on animal models and in particular on small mammals such as mice. What have we learned from these models? Do these animals recapitulate the changes observed in humans? What should we expect from future mouse studies? In this review we answer these questions by summarizing the state of the research that has addressed cognitive decline in mice from several perspectives, including genetic manipulation and omics strategies. We conclude that, while extremely valuable, mouse models have limitations that can be addressed by the optimal design of future studies and by ensuring that results are cross-validated in the human context.
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88
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Zeidan RS, Han SM, Leeuwenburgh C, Xiao R. Iron homeostasis and organismal aging. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101510. [PMID: 34767974 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron is indispensable for normal body functions across species because of its critical roles in red blood cell function and many essential proteins and enzymes required for numerous physiological processes. Regulation of iron homeostasis is an intricate process involving multiple modulators at the systemic, cellular, and molecular levels. Interestingly, emerging evidence has demonstrated that many modulators of iron homeostasis contribute to organismal aging and longevity. On the other hand, the age-related dysregulation of iron homeostasis is often associated with multiple age-related pathologies including bone resorption and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Thus, a thorough understanding on the interconnections between systemic and cellular iron balance and organismal aging may help decipher the etiologies of multiple age-related diseases, which could ultimately lead to developing therapeutic strategies to delay aging and treat various age-related diseases. Here we present the current understanding on the mechanisms of iron homeostasis. We also discuss the impacts of aging on iron homeostatic processes and how dysregulated iron metabolism may affect aging and organismal longevity.
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89
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Yang L, Ye Q, Zhang X, Li K, Liang X, Wang M, Shi L, Luo S, Zhang Q, Zhang X. Pyrroloquinoline quinone extends Caenorhabditis elegans' longevity through the insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway-mediated activation of autophagy. Food Funct 2021; 12:11319-11330. [PMID: 34647561 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the leading cause of human morbidity and death worldwide. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a water-soluble vitamin-like compound that has strong anti-oxidant capacity. Beneficial effects of PQQ on lifespan have been discovered in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, we hypothesized that the longevity-extending effect of PQQ may be linked to autophagy and insulin/IGF1 signaling (IIS) in C. elegans. Our data demonstrate that PQQ at a concentration of 1 mM maximally extended the mean life of C. elegans by 33.1%. PQQ increased locomotion and anti-stress ability, and reduced fat accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. There was no significant lifespan extension in PQQ-treated daf-16, daf-2, and bec-1 mutants, suggesting that these IIS- and autophagy-related genes may mediate the anti-aging effects of the PQQ. Furthermore, PQQ raised mRNA expression and the nuclear localization of the pivotal transcription factor daf-16, and then activated its downstream targets sod-3, clt-1, and hsp16.2. Enhanced activity of the autophagy pathway was also observed in PQQ-fed C. elegans, as evidenced by increased expression of the key autophagy genes including lgg-1, and bec-1, and also by an increase in the GFP::LGG-1 puncta. Inactivation of the IIS pathway-related genes daf-2 or daf-16 by RNAi partially blocked the increase in autophagy activity caused by PQQ treatment, suggesting that autophagy may be regulated by IIS. This study demonstrates that anti-aging properties of PQQ, in the C. elegans model, may be mediated via the IIS pathway and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qi Ye
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Science and Technology Centre, By-Health Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Linran Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Suhui Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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90
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Zhou Y, Ni S, Li C, Song L, Zhang S. Gonadal rejuvenation of mice by GDF11. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:892-901. [PMID: 34791251 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), also known as bone morphogenetic protein 11 (BMP11), has been shown to have rejuvenation and anti-aging properties, but little information is available regarding the role of GDF11 in reproductive system to date. In this study, we first confirmed the bioavailability of recombinant GDF11 (rGDF11) by oral delivery in mice. We also showed that dietary intake of rGDF11 had little influence on body and gonadal (ovary/testis) weights of recipient mice, indicating their general condition and physiology were not affected. Based on these findings, we started to test the function of rGDF11 in ovary and testis of mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. It was found that to some extent, rGDF11 could attenuate the senescence of ovarian and testicular cells, and contribute to the recovery of ovarian and testicular endocrine functions. Moreover, rGDF11 could rescue the diminished ovarian reserve in female mice and enhance the activities of marker enzymes of testicular function (SDH and G6PD) in male mice, suggesting a potential improvement of fertility. Notably, rGDF11 markedly promoted the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the ovary and testis, and remarkably reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and ROS in the ovary and testis. Collectively, these results suggest that GDF11 can protect ovarian and testicular functions of aged mice via slowing down the generation of ROS through enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shousheng Ni
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Congjun Li
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lili Song
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
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91
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Tsantilas KA, Cleghorn WM, Bisbach CM, Whitson JA, Hass DT, Robbings BM, Sadilek M, Linton JD, Rountree AM, Valencia AP, Sweetwyne MT, Campbell MD, Zhang H, Jankowski CSR, Sweet IR, Marcinek DJ, Rabinovitch PS, Hurley JB. An Analysis of Metabolic Changes in the Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium of Aging Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:20. [PMID: 34797906 PMCID: PMC8606884 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.14.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to present our hypothesis that aging alters metabolic function in ocular tissues. We tested the hypothesis by measuring metabolism in aged murine tissues alongside retinal responses to light. Methods Scotopic and photopic electroretinogram (ERG) responses in young (3–6 months) and aged (23–26 months) C57Bl/6J mice were recorded. Metabolic flux in retina and eyecup explants was quantified using U-13C-glucose or U-13C-glutamine with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), O2 consumption rate (OCR) in a perifusion apparatus, and quantifying adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) with a bioluminescence assay. Results Scotopic and photopic ERG responses were reduced in aged mice. Glucose metabolism, glutamine metabolism, OCR, and ATP pools in retinal explants were mostly unaffected in aged mice. In eyecups, glutamine usage in the Krebs Cycle decreased while glucose metabolism, OCR, and ATP pools remained stable. Conclusions Our examination of metabolism showed negligible impact of age on retina and an impairment of glutamine anaplerosis in eyecups. The metabolic stability of these tissues ex vivo suggests age-related metabolic alterations may not be intrinsic. Future experiments should focus on determining whether external factors including nutrient supply, oxygen availability, or structural changes influence ocular metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A Tsantilas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Whitney M Cleghorn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Celia M Bisbach
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Jeremy A Whitson
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina, United States
| | - Daniel T Hass
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Brian M Robbings
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States.,UW Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Martin Sadilek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Jonathan D Linton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Austin M Rountree
- UW Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Ana P Valencia
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Mariya T Sweetwyne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Matthew D Campbell
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Huiliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
| | - Connor S R Jankowski
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
| | - Ian R Sweet
- UW Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - David J Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Peter S Rabinovitch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - James B Hurley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
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92
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Zhou L, Liu J, Bu LL, Liao DF, Cheng SW, Zheng XL. Curcumin Acetylsalicylate Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216609. [PMID: 34771018 PMCID: PMC8586958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin and curcumin have been reported to be beneficial to anti-aging in a variety of biological models. Here, we synthesized a novel compound, curcumin acetylsalicylate (CA), by combining aspirin and curcumin. We characterized how CA affects the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms. Our results demonstrated that CA extended the lifespan of worms in a dose-dependent manner and reached its highest anti-aging effect at the concentration of 20 μM. In addition, CA reduced the deposition of lipofuscin or "age pigment" without affecting the reproductivity of worms. CA also caused a rightward shift of C. elegans lifespan curves in the presence of paraquat-induced (5 mM) oxidative stress or 37 °C acute heat shock. Additionally, CA treatment decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in C. elegans and increased the expression of downstream genes superoxide dismutase (sod)-3, glutathione S-transferase (gst)-4, heat shock protein (hsp)-16.2, and catalase-1 (ctl-1). Notably, CA treatment resulted in nuclear translocation of the DAF-16 transcription factor, which is known to stimulate the expression of SOD-3, GST-4, HSP-16, and CTL-1. CA did not produce a longevity effect in daf-16 mutants. In sum, our data indicate that CA delayed the aging of C. elegans without affecting reproductivity, and this effect may be mediated by its activation of DAF-16 and subsequent expression of antioxidative genes, such as sod-3 and gst-4. Our study suggests that novel anti-aging drugs may be developed by combining two individual drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Lan-Lan Bu
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Shao-Wu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.-W.C.); (X.-L.Z.); Tel.: +1 (403)-220-8715 (X.-L.Z.); Fax: +1 (403)-210-9180 (X.-L.Z.)
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.-W.C.); (X.-L.Z.); Tel.: +1 (403)-220-8715 (X.-L.Z.); Fax: +1 (403)-210-9180 (X.-L.Z.)
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93
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Yu X, Li H, Lin D, Guo W, Xu Z, Wang L, Guan S. Ginsenoside Prolongs the Lifespan of C. elegans via Lipid Metabolism and Activating the Stress Response Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9668. [PMID: 34575832 PMCID: PMC8465798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine in Northeast China. Ginsenoside, the active component of ginseng, has not been investigated much for its effects on aging and its underlying mechanism(s) of action. Here, we investigated the effects of total ginsenoside (TG), a mixture of the primary active ginsenosides from Panax ginseng, on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). We found that TG extended the lifespan of C. elegans and reduced lipofuscin accumulation. Moreover, TG increased the survival of C. elegans in response to heat and oxidative stress via the reduction of ROS. Next, we used RNA-seq to fully define the antiaging mechanism(s) of TG. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that TG can prolong the lifespan and is involved in the longevity regulating pathway. qPCR showed that TG upregulated the expression of nrh-80, daf-12, daf-16, hsf-1 and their downstream genes. TG also reduced the fat accumulation and promoted lipid metabolism. Moreover, TG failed to extend the lifespan of daf-16 and hsf-1 mutants, highlighting their role in the antiaging effects of TG in C. elegans. The four main constitution of TG were then confirmed by HPLC and included ginsenoside Re, Rg1, Rg2 and Rd. Of the ginsenosides, only ginsenoside Rd prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans to levels comparable to TG. These findings provided mechanistic insight into the antiaging effects of ginsenoside in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.Y.); (L.W.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.L.); (D.L.); (W.G.); (Z.X.)
| | - Hui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.L.); (D.L.); (W.G.); (Z.X.)
| | - Dongfa Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.L.); (D.L.); (W.G.); (Z.X.)
| | - Weizhuo Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.L.); (D.L.); (W.G.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhihao Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.L.); (D.L.); (W.G.); (Z.X.)
| | - Liping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.Y.); (L.W.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.L.); (D.L.); (W.G.); (Z.X.)
- Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shuwen Guan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.Y.); (L.W.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (H.L.); (D.L.); (W.G.); (Z.X.)
- Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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94
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Kim HJ, Montenegro D, Zhao J, Sparrow JR. Bisretinoids of the Retina: Photo-Oxidation, Iron-Catalyzed Oxidation, and Disease Consequences. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091382. [PMID: 34573014 PMCID: PMC8467448 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The retina and, in particular, retinal pigment epithelial cells are unusual for being encumbered by exposure to visible light, while being oxygen-rich, and also amassing photoreactive molecules. These fluorophores (bisretinoids) are generated as a byproduct of the activity of vitamin A aldehyde-the chromophore necessary for vision. Bisretinoids form in photoreceptor cells due to random reactions of two molecules of vitamin A aldehyde with phosphatidylethanolamine; bisretinoids are subsequently transferred to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, where they accumulate in the lysosomal compartment with age. Bisretinoids can generate reactive oxygen species by both energy and electron transfer, and they become photo-oxidized and photolyzed in the process. While these fluorescent molecules are accrued by RPE cells of all healthy eyes, they are also implicated in retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, 635 W., 165th Str., New York, NY 10032, USA; (H.J.K.); (D.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Diego Montenegro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, 635 W., 165th Str., New York, NY 10032, USA; (H.J.K.); (D.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, 635 W., 165th Str., New York, NY 10032, USA; (H.J.K.); (D.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Janet R. Sparrow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, 635 W., 165th Str., New York, NY 10032, USA; (H.J.K.); (D.M.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, 635 W., 165th Str., New York, NY 10032, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-305-9944
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95
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Klingstedt T, Shirani H, Ghetti B, Vidal R, R. Nilsson KP. Thiophene-Based Optical Ligands That Selectively Detect Aβ Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2568-2581. [PMID: 34101954 PMCID: PMC8409278 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In several neurodegenerative diseases, the presence of aggregates of specific proteins in the brain is a significant pathological hallmark; thus, developing ligands able to bind to the aggregated proteins is essential for any effort related to imaging and therapeutics. Here we report the synthesis of thiophene-based ligands containing nitrogen heterocycles. The ligands selectively recognized amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates in brain tissue from individuals diagnosed neuropathologically as having Alzheimer's disease (AD). The selectivity for Aβ was dependent on the position of nitrogen in the heterocyclic compounds, and the ability to bind Aβ was shown to be reduced when introducing anionic substituents on the thiophene backbone. Our findings provide the structural and functional basis for the development of ligands that can differentiate between aggregated proteinaceous species comprised of distinct proteins. These ligands might also be powerful tools for studying the pathogenesis of Aβ aggregation and for designing molecules for imaging of Aβ pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therése Klingstedt
- Department of PhysicsChemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversitySE-581 83LinköpingSweden
| | - Hamid Shirani
- Department of PhysicsChemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversitySE-581 83LinköpingSweden
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolis46202IndianaUSA
| | - Ruben Vidal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolis46202IndianaUSA
| | - K. Peter R. Nilsson
- Department of PhysicsChemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversitySE-581 83LinköpingSweden
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96
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Khan A, Zaman T, Fahad TM, Akther T, Hasan MF, Naz T, Kishi S. Carbofuran affects cellular autophagy and developmental senescence through the impairment of Nrf2 signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:35-47. [PMID: 34240810 PMCID: PMC8742233 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbofuran is a broad-spectrum synthetic pesticide. Its exposure to non-target mammals affects the biological system through the induction of oxidative stress. Since oxidative stress is a major contributing factor to cellular autophagy and senescence, our present investigation determined the impacts of carbofuran-induced oxidative stress on cellular autophagy and senescence. A transmembrane protein, Spinster homolog 1 (Spns1), is involved in autophagic lysosomal metabolism. Its mutation accelerates the cellular senescence and shortens the lifespan. Using a transgenic zebrafish line, expressing fluorescent microtubules-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (EGFP-LC3) at the membrane of the autophagosome, we found that carbofuran affects autophagic lysosomal biogenesis in wild-type zebrafish and exacerbates autophagic defect in spns1-mutant zebrafish. In real-time mortality study, carbofuran has shortened the lifespan of wild-type fish. Nrf2 is a stress-responsive transcription factor that regulates the expression of antioxidant genes (such as gstp1) in the prevention of oxidative stress-mediated cellular damage. To assess the effect of carbofuran on Nrf2 signalling, we established a dual-monitoring transgenic zebrafish line, expressing gstp1 promoter-driven EGFP and mCherry-tagged Neh2 domain of Nrf2. Our results suggested that the exposure of carbofuran has down-regulated both Nrf2 and Gstp1 expressions. Overall, carbofuran affects cellular autophagy and accelerates senescence by enervating the Nrf2 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Tanjeena Zaman
- Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.,Department of Biology, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tanjima Akther
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Faruk Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Tarannum Naz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shuji Kishi
- S&J Kishi Research Corporation, Jupiter, FL, USA
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97
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Mossad O, Blank T. Getting on in Old Age: How the Gut Microbiota Interferes With Brain Innate Immunity. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:698126. [PMID: 34295223 PMCID: PMC8290125 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.698126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is crucial for defending against various invaders, such as pathogens, cancer cells or misfolded proteins. With increasing age, the diminishing immune response, known as immunosenescence, becomes evident. Concomitantly, some diseases like infections, autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer, accumulate with age. Different cell types are part of the innate immunity response and produce soluble factors, cytokines, chemokines, and type I interferons. Improper maturation of innate immune cells or their dysfunction have been linked to numerous age-related diseases. In parallel to the occurrence of the many functional facets of the immune response, a symbiotic microbiota had been acquired. For the relevant and situation-dependent function of the immune system the microbiome plays an essential role because it fine-tunes the immune system and its responses during life. Nevertheless, how the age-related alterations in the microbiota are reflected in the innate immune system, is still poorly understood. With this review, we provide an up-to-date overview on our present understanding of the gut microbiota effects on innate immunity, with a particular emphasis on aging-associated changes in the gut microbiota and the implications for the brain innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mossad
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Blank
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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98
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Huang L, Chen R, Liu L, Zhou Y, Chen Z. Lactoferrin ameliorates pathological cardiac hypertrophy related to mitochondrial quality control in aged mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:7514-7526. [PMID: 34223567 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03346d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pathological myocardial hypertrophy, which lacks effective prevention and treatment strategies, makes the elderly susceptible to various cardiovascular diseases. Based on the beneficial attributes of lactoferrin in aging-related diseases, we aimed to investigate whether lactoferrin could exert protection against aging-related cardiac hypertrophy and further explore the underlying mechanisms. Here, we assessed the effects of lactoferrin on myocardial pathology, apoptotic proteins, mitochondrial morphology, kinetics, autophagy, and aging-related markers, including lipofuscin deposition, overloaded iron, and oxidative stress, which are known to destabilize the mitochondrial-lysosomal axis in aged mice. Upon the administration of lactoferrin, aged hearts showed amelioration of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, which was associated with decreased apoptosis, improved morphology, rearrangement of mitochondrial dynamics, increased lysosome-dependent autophagy, and inhibition of factors detrimental to the mitochondrial-lysosomal axis. In conclusion, lactoferrin ameliorated pathological cardiac hypertrophy, potentially by improving the mitochondrial quality related to mitochondrial dynamics and the mitochondrial-lysosomal axis, thus reducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, which is the pivotal factor for cardiac hypertrophy in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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99
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Lin C, Lin Y, Xiao J, Lan Y, Cao Y, Chen Y. Effect of Momordica saponin- and Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide-enriched beverages on oxidative stress and fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3366-3375. [PMID: 33230856 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an edible and medicinal herb in Chinese folk medicine, Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja leaves are traditionally widely used in the treatment of metabolic disorders. The vegetable Momordica charantia L. has been consumed worldwide for thousands of years as a traditional drug due to its activities against obesity and diabetes. In view of the therapeutic value of Momordica saponins (MSs) and C. paliurus polysaccharides (CPPs), an independently developed MSs- and CPPs-containing beverage (MC) was evaluated for its efficacy in controlling oxidative stress and obesity in Caenorhabditis elegans. RESULTS First, we found that MC could promote the nuclear localization of DAF-16 and the translation of SOD-3. Further exploring its antioxidant properties, the oxidative stress by-products reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and nonesterified fatty acids were significantly inhibited in C. elegans. Moreover, damage due to diseases related to oxidative stress (age pigments and neurodegenerative diseases) was alleviated. Furthermore, fat accumulation was significantly reduced in normal and high-fat models. Finally, the lipid-lowering effects of MC might involve reductions in the size and number of lipid droplets without impairing basic physiological functions in C. elegans. CONCLUSION These results provide promising data indicating MC as an innovative health beverage for the pharmacological management of oxidative stress and obesity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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100
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Korac B, Kalezic A, Pekovic-Vaughan V, Korac A, Jankovic A. Redox changes in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101887. [PMID: 33579666 PMCID: PMC8113039 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
"Life is an instantaneous encounter of circulating matter and flowing energy" (Jean Giaja, Serbian physiologist), is one of the most elegant definitions not only of life but the relationship of redox biology and metabolism. Their evolutionary liaison has created inseparable yet dynamic homeostasis in health, which, when disrupted, leads to disease. This interconnection is even more pertinent today, in an era of increasing metabolic diseases of epidemic proportions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Despite great advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of redox and metabolic regulation, we face significant challenges in preventing, diagnosing, and treating metabolic diseases. The etiological association and temporal overlap of these syndromes present significant challenges for the discrimination of appropriate clinical biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment, and outcome prediction. These multifactorial, multiorgan metabolic syndromes with complex etiopathogenic mechanisms are accompanied by disturbed redox equilibrium in target tissues and circulation. Free radicals and reactive species are considered both a causal factor and a consequence of disease status. Thus, determining the subtypes and levels of free radicals and reactive species, oxidatively damaged biomolecules (lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) and antioxidant defense components as well as redox-sensitive transcription factors and fluxes of redox-dependent metabolic pathways will help define existing and establish novel redox biomarkers for stratifying metabolic diseases. This review aims to discuss diverse redox/metabolic aspects in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, with the imperative to help establish a platform for emerging and future redox-metabolic biomarkers research in precision medicine. Future research warrants detailed investigations into the status of redox biomarkers in healthy subjects and patients, including the use of emerging 'omic' profiling technologies (e.g., redox proteomes, lipidomes, metabolomes, and transcriptomes), taking into account the influence of lifestyle (diet, physical activity, sleep, work patterns) as well as circadian ~24h fluctuations in circulatory factors and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bato Korac
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Andjelika Kalezic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Aleksandra Korac
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jankovic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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