51
|
Liu R, Mabury SA. Printing ink related chemicals, including synthetic phenolic antioxidants, organophosphite antioxidants, and photoinitiators, in printing paper products and implications for human exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 149:106412. [PMID: 33548846 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although synthetic antioxidants (AOs) and photoinitiators (PIs) are known to be used in printing inks, there are little data on residual concentrations in printing paper products. In the present study, twenty-five PIs, ten AOs, and six transformation products were analyzed in two types of printing paper products, magazines and paperboard food packaging materials, both of which are unavoidable everyday products in our life. Nine AOs and six transformation products can be detected in food packaging materials with total concentrations (geometric mean, GM) of 1.16 × 104 ng/dm2. Twenty-two PIs were detected in food packaging materials with total concentrations (GM) of 1.76 × 104 ng/dm2. These chemicals were also detected in magazines, albeit at low concentrations (GM of AOs: 466 ng/dm2, GM of PIs: 1.17 × 103 ng/dm2). Magazine front covers were found to have much higher concentrations of the target compounds than magazine inside pages. Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (AO168O), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), bisphenol A (BPA), and benzophenone (BP) were among the predominant chemicals in those printing paper products. Preliminary calculations suggest that dermal exposure to AOs (GM: 6.25 ng/day) and PIs (GM: 17.0 ng/day) via contact with printing paper products is a minor exposure pathway compared to food intake/dust ingestion and is exceedingly unlikely to cause adverse health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runzeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Scott A Mabury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Shen M, Zhu X, Shang H, Feng F, Ok YS, Zhang S. Molecular characterization and environmental impacts of water-soluble organic compounds of bio-oil from the thermochemical treatment of domestic sewage sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:144050. [PMID: 33261874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble organic compounds derived from bio-oil (WOCB) are regarded as potential risk sources of sludge thermochemical treatment. This study showed that 10.35 mg of water-soluble organic carbon and 1.32 mg of water-soluble organic nitrogen were released per gram of sludge when the final temperature of thermochemical treatment was 600 °C. WOCB was mainly formed at 300-500 °C. Furthermore, FT-ICR MS results indicated that high temperatures promoted deamination reactions, and low molecular weight (LMW) compounds with low oxygen number polymerized into aromatic compounds with increasing temperature. Noteworthily, WOCB released at 20-600 °C showed strong phytotoxicity to wheat. LMW compounds with lignin/carboxylic rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)-like structures derived from low temperatures (200-400 °C) induced this inhibitory effect, but lipids containing nitrogen and sulfur from high temperatures (400-600 °C) can act as nutrients to promote wheat growth. This study provides theoretical support for the risk control and benefits assessments of sludge thermochemical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hua Shang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Cai J, Niu B, Zhao H, Zhao G. Selective Photoelectrocatalytic Removal for Group-Targets of Phthalic Esters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2618-2627. [PMID: 33404220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of a selective removal method for group-targets of pollutants under the inhibition of nontoxic organic interferents is of great importance in environmental science. A novel TiO2 photoelectrode functionalized with dummy templates (PS-PAE-TiO2) is designed, exhibiting group-targeting selectivity for nine phthalate ester (PAE) analogs. In total, 90-99% of PAEs were removed from 30 μg L-1 in actual wastewater (chemical oxygen demand, 14.5 mg O2 L-1). The selectivity for PAEs originated from preferential enrichment close to the PS-PAE-TiO2 surface result in a twofold improvement in the apparent kinetic constant. The specific sites can be attributed to phenyl rings and o-ester carbonyl groups through the molecular recognition process. The intermediates were analyzed quantitatively, and a degradation pathway with lower toxicity was proposed, excluding ring-hydroxylated phthalates. Almost 100% of the estrogenic activity and acute aquatic toxicity were eliminated and the genotoxicity was reduced by 92.5%, which was about 40% higher than that at the nonselective photoanode. An enhanced removal at the PS-PAE-TiO2 photoanode with better economic benefits was confirmed, saving energy consumption by 2.5 kWh m-3 per order than that at the nonselective anode. The advanced removal method with group-targeting selective capability can provide a propagable strategy for the removal of a class of homologues from complex aqueous systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhuo Cai
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Baoling Niu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Sodhi KK, Kumar M, Balan B, Dhaulaniya AS, Shree P, Sharma N, Singh DK. Perspectives on the antibiotic contamination, resistance, metabolomics, and systemic remediation. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractAntibiotics have been regarded as the emerging contaminants because of their massive use in humans and veterinary medicines and their persistence in the environment. The global concern of antibiotic contamination to different environmental matrices and the emergence of antibiotic resistance has posed a severe impact on the environment. Different mass-spectrometry-based techniques confirm their presence in the environment. Antibiotics are released into the environment through the wastewater steams and runoff from land application of manure. The microorganisms get exposed to the antibiotics resulting in the development of antimicrobial resistance. Consistent release of the antibiotics, even in trace amount into the soil and water ecosystem, is the major concern because the antibiotics can lead to multi-resistance in bacteria which can cause hazardous effects on agriculture, aquaculture, human, and livestock. A better understanding of the correlation between the antibiotic use and occurrence of antibiotic resistance can help in the development of policies to promote the judicious use of antibiotics. The present review puts a light on the remediation, transportation, uptake, and antibiotic resistance in the environment along with a novel approach of creating a database for systemic remediation, and metabolomics for the cleaner and safer environment.
Collapse
|
55
|
Hu X, Shi W, Wei S, Zhang X, Yu H. Identification of (anti-)androgenic activities and risks of sludges from industrial and domestic wastewater treatment plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115716. [PMID: 33011575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The annual production of sludges is significant all over the world, and large amounts of sludges have been improperly disposed by random dumping. The contaminants in these sludges may leak into the surrounding soils, surface and groundwater, or be blown into the atmosphere, thereby causing adverse effects to human health. In this study, the (anti-)androgenic activities in organic extracts of sludges produced from both industrial and domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were examined using reporter gene assay based on MDA-kb2 cell lines and the potential (anti-)androgenic risks were assessed using hazard index (HI) based on bioassays. Twelve of the 18 samples exhibited androgen receptor (AR) antagonistic activities, with AR antagonistic equivalents ranging from 1.2 × 102 μg flutamide/g sludge to 1.8 × 104 μg flutamide/g sludge; however, no AR agonistic activity was detected in any of the tested samples. These 12 sludges were all from chemical WWTPs; no sludges from domestic WWTPs displayed AR antagonistic activity. Aside from wastewater source, treatment scale and technology could also influence AR antagonistic potencies. The HI values of all the 12 sludges exceeded 1.0, and the highest HI value was above 3.0 × 103 for children; this indicates that these sludges might cause adverse effects to human health and that children are at a greater risk than adults. The anti-androgenic potencies and risks of the subdivided fractions were also determined, and medium-polar and polar fractions were found to have relatively high detection rates and contribution rates to the AR antagonistic potencies and risks of the raw sample extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Hu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Si Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Shabtai IA, Lynch LM, Mishael YG. Designing clay-polymer nanocomposite sorbents for water treatment: A review and meta-analysis of the past decade. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116571. [PMID: 33137528 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Clay-polymer nanocomposites (CPNs) have been studied for two decades as sorbents for water pollutants, but their applicability remains limited. Our aim in this review is to present the latest progress in CPN research using a meta-analysis approach and identify key steps necessary to bridge the gap between basic research and CPN application. Based on results extracted from 99 research articles on CPNs and 8 review articles on other widely studies sorbents, CPNs had higher adsorption capacities for several inorganic and organic pollutant classes (including heavy metals, oxyanions, and dyes, n = 308 observations). We applied principal component analysis, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regressions to test how CPN and pollutant properties correlated with Langmuir adsorption model coefficients. While adsorption was, surprisingly, not influenced by mineral properties, it was influenced by CPN fabrication method, polymer functional groups, and pollutant properties. For example, among the pollutant classes, heavy metals had the highest adsorption capacity but the lowest adsorption affinity. On the other hand, dyes had high adsorption affinities, as reflected by the linear correlation between adsorption affinity and pollutant molecular weight. Scaling from 'basic research' to 'technological application' requires testing CPN performance in real water, application in columns, comparison to commercial sorbents, regeneration, and cost evaluation. However, our survey indicates that of the 158 observations, only 20 compared the CPN's performance to that of a commercial sorbent. We anticipate that this review will promote the design of smart and functional CPNs, which can then evolve into an effective water treatment technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Itamar A Shabtai
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Soil and Water Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Laurel M Lynch
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Soil and Water Systems, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Yael G Mishael
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Hou H, Liu Z, Zhang J, Zhou J, Qian G. A review on fabricating functional materials by heavy metal-containing sludges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:133-155. [PMID: 33063214 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the development of industry, sustainable use of natural resources has become a worldwide hot topic. Heavy metal-containing sludge (HMS) is a hazardous waste after wastewater treatment. At present, HMS is still treated by landfill or landfill after incineration. Considering the components, HMS usually contains various heavy metals and organic compounds, which is potentially used as a raw resource for catalyst production. This review thus concludes recent reports and developments in this field. First, basic technologies are summarized as component regulation, precursor formation, and structure transformations. Second, prepared materials are applied in various catalytic fields, such as gas purification, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and Fenton catalysis. During these processes, key factors are multi-metallic components, metal doping, temperature, and pH. They not only influence the formation of HMS-derived catalyst but also the catalytic activity. Furthermore, catalytic activities of HMS-derived catalysts are compared with those synthesized by pure reagents. An assessment and accounting are also supplied if raw resources are substituted by HMS. Finally, in order to apply HMS in a real application, more works must be devoted to the influence of trace metal doping on catalytic activities and stabilities. Besides, more pilot experiments are urgently necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hou
- SHU Center of Green Urban Mining & Industry Ecology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 381 Nanchen Road, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixing Liu
- SHU Center of Green Urban Mining & Industry Ecology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 381 Nanchen Road, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhang
- SHU Center of Green Urban Mining & Industry Ecology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 381 Nanchen Road, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China.
- MGI, Shanghai University, Xiapu Town, Xiangdong District, Pingxiang, 337022, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jizhi Zhou
- School of Economics, Shanghai University, No. 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangren Qian
- SHU Center of Green Urban Mining & Industry Ecology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 381 Nanchen Road, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China.
- MGI, Shanghai University, Xiapu Town, Xiangdong District, Pingxiang, 337022, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Tomczyk B, Siatecka A, Jędruchniewicz K, Sochacka A, Bogusz A, Oleszczuk P. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) persistence, bioavailability and toxicity in sewage sludge- or sewage sludge-derived biochar-amended soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141123. [PMID: 32795789 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soils can be contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) when either sewage sludge (SSL) or biochar (BC) are used. There are no comparative studies regarding the effects of soil amendment with SSL or BC on the persistence, bioavailability and toxicity of PAHs. This research compared the persistence of PAHs (based on the extractable content, Ctot) and their bioavailability (freely dissolved, Cfree) as well as the toxicity (solid phase: Phytotoxkit F with Lepidium sativum and the Collembolan test with Folsomia candida; leachates: Phytotestkit F with L. sativum and Microtox® with Aliivibrio fischeri) of soil amended with SSL or with SSL-derived BCs. BCs were produced from three different sewage sludges at a temperature of 500 °C. SSLs or BCs were added to the soil at a rate of 1% (30 t/ha). Adding SSL to the soil increased more the PAH content in it than after BC application, which was associated with a higher content of PAHs in SSL. Losses of Σ16 Ctot and Cfree PAHs were higher than those observed for biochar only in the case of one SSL. In the other cases, PAH losses were either higher for biochar or did not differ significantly between SSL and BC. On the other hand, the analysis of the individual groups of PAHs showed significant differences between SSL and BC, both for Ctot and Cfree. Nonetheless, these differences were largely driven by the type of sewage sludge and biochar. Only in the case of root growth inhibition the toxicity higher was for the SSL-amended soils than for the BC-amended ones. In the other cases, varying results were observed which were determined by the type of sewage sludge/biochar, similarly to PAH losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beata Tomczyk
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute, ul. Krucza 5/11D, 00-548 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Siatecka
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jędruchniewicz
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sochacka
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bogusz
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute, ul. Krucza 5/11D, 00-548 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Chen Z, Yu G, Zou X, Wang Y. Co-disposal of incineration fly ash and sewage sludge via hydrothermal treatment combined with pyrolysis: Cl removal and PCDD/F detoxification. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127632. [PMID: 32693261 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the incineration fly ash (IFA) of municipal solid waste (MSW) and municipal sewage sludge (MSS) was synergistically subjected to hydrothermal treatment coupled with pyrolysis (HTP). The regulation of Cl removal and the destruction and detoxification of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were investigated. The results demonstrated that during hydrothermal treatment (HTT), the Cl removal rate increased with temperature, most of the soluble chlorides were removed, and the acid dissolution of Cl in the hydro-residue was significantly reduced. At hydrothermal temperatures exceeding 180 °C, the variation in the Cl removal rate decreased. Although a certain quantity of PCDD/Fs dissolved in the hydrothermal liquid, the total destruction rate achieved by HTT remained more than 90%. The detoxification rate did not exceed 60% owing to the formation of low-chlorinated PCDD/Fs. Subsequent pyrolysis of the hydro-residue further improved the Cl removal rate, which increased with pyrolysis temperature; the Cl content of pyro-char was reduced to 1.8% and that of the leached acid was less than 0.5 mg/g at 800 °C. In addition, PCDD/Fs in tar and pyrolysis gas were not detected under optimal conditions; the PCDD/F concentration of pyro-char was reduced to 0.17 ng I-TEQ/kg. The destruction and detoxification efficiencies of PCDD/Fs reached 98.49% and 92.50%, respectively. Thus, the method of HTP was conducive to the co-disposal of IFA and MSS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangwei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Huang F, An Z, Moran MJ, Liu F. Recognition of typical antibiotic residues in environmental media related to groundwater in China (2009-2019). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:122813. [PMID: 32937691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The potential adverse environmental and health-related impacts of antibiotics are becoming more and more concerning. China is globally the largest antibiotic producer and consumer, possibly resulting in the ubiquity and high detection levels of antibiotics in environmental compartments. Clear status on the concentration levels and spatial distribution of antibiotic contamination in China's environment is necessary to gain insight into the establishment of legal and regulatory frameworks. This study collects information from over 170 papers reporting the occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in China's environment. A total of 110 antibiotics were detected, and 28 priority antibiotics were ubiquitous in China in almost all compartments of the environment, excluding the atmosphere. Seven dominant antibiotics in all environment compartments were identified by cluster analysis, including tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Meanwhile, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, and sulfamethazine were also frequently found in aqueous phases. Among the main basins where antibiotics were detected, the Haihe River Basin had higher median antibiotic concentrations in surface water compared to other basins, while the Huaihe River Basin had higher median concentrations in sediment. The median values of antibiotic concentrations in the sources were as follows: animal manure, 39 μg/kg (microgram per kilogram); WWTP (wastewater treatment plant) sludge, 39 μg/kg; animal wastewater, 156 ng/L (nanogram per liter); WWTP effluent: 15 ng/L. These concentrations are 1 - 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the receptors (soil, 2.1 μg/kg; sediment, 4.7 μg/kg; surface water, 8.1 ng/L; groundwater, 2.9 ng/L), whether in solid or aqueous phases. Based on the number of detected antibiotics in various environmental compartments, animal farms and WWTPs are the main sources of antibiotics, and surface water and sediment are the main receptors of antibiotics. Hierarchical clustering identified the two main pathways of antibiotic transfer in various environmental compartments, which are from animal wastewater/WWTP effluent to surface water/sediment and from animal manure/WWTP sludge to soil/groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyang Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, PR China
| | - Ziyi An
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, PR China; National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing, PR China
| | - Michael J Moran
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA.
| | - Fei Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Wang K, Larkin T, Singhal N, Zhao Y. Leachability of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in municipal sewage sludge: Effects of EDCs interaction with dissolved organic matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140366. [PMID: 32623156 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, experiments were performed to assess the significance of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the leachability of four common EDCs, i.e., bisphenol A (BPA), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), progesterone (PGT) and testosterone (TST), in municipal sewage sludge (MSS) under landfill conditions. The DOM was derived from two sources: MSS (MDOM), and natural soil represented by organic matter obtained from the Suwannee River (NDOM). Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix quenching combined with parallel factor analysis was adopted to characterize the interaction properties between the EDCs and DOM. The accumulative leachability of the target EDCs ranged from 0.09% (PGT) to 3.8% (TST). In particular, the leaching of BPA, EE2 and TST followed S-shaped curves, while PGT exhibited continuous leaching potential in untreated MSS. With the introduction of DOM, (i) the leachability of BPA and EE2 increased to 13.4% and 61.6%, respectively, whereas those of PGT and TST declined by 61.3% and 45.8%, respectively, and (ii) BPA, EE2 and PGT no longer reached leaching equilibrium but the S-shaped leaching property of TST persisted. The differential effects of MDOM and NDOM at identical concentrations on the EDCs leachability increased with curing time. BPA, EE2 and PGT quenched the MDOM fluorophores attributed to aromatic protein-like components. The fluorescence quenching of NDOM by BPA, EE2 and PGT was centered on soluble microbial by-product-like and humic-like substances. Compared with PGT, EE2 and BPA had greater capability for binding with DOM components largely via hydrophobic interactions, whereas PGT preferentially interacted with the DOM hydrophilic functionalities through specific interactions. TST had no binding capability but displayed potentials competing for sorption sites with DOM moieties. Our findings suggested that the management of MSS increased the risk of environmental contamination by EDCs for a long duration and that DOM was a useful indicator to predict the migration and transport properties of EDCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, PR China; Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan 250102, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, New Zealand.
| | - Tam Larkin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, New Zealand
| | - Naresh Singhal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, New Zealand
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Zhang S, Huang J, Zhao Z, Cao Y, Li B. Hospital Wastewater as a Reservoir for Antibiotic Resistance Genes: A Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2020; 8:574968. [PMID: 33194975 PMCID: PMC7655780 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.574968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment poses a huge global health hazard. Hospital wastewater (HWW), in which a high density of antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant bacteria are present, may be a reservoir of ARGs dissemination into the environment. Our meta-analysis comprehensively analyzes the prevalence of ARGs in HWW, as well as the influencing factors in ARGs distribution. Methods: Online databases were used to search for literature using the subject terms: “Drug Resistance” AND “Genes” AND “Hospitals” AND “Wastewater.” Two reviewers independently applied predefined criteria to assess the literature and extract data including “relative abundance of ARGs,” “title,” “authors,” “country,” “location,” “sampling year,” and “sampling seasons.” The median values and 95% confidence intervals of ARGs abundance were calculated by Wilcox.test function in R. Temporal trends, spatial differences, seasonal variations and removal efficiency of ARGs were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Resistance genes to carbapenems, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and mobile genetic elements were found at high relative abundance (>10−4 gene copies/16S rRNA gene copies) in HWW. The abundance of resistance genes to extended-spectrum β-lactams, carbapenems, sulfonamides and glycopeptide significantly decreased, while tetracycline resistance genes abundance increased from 2014 to 2018. The abundance of ARGs was significantly different by country but not by season. ARGs could not be completely removed by on-site HWW treatments and the removal efficiency varies for different ARGs. Conclusions: HWW presents more types of ARGs, and their abundance is higher than those in most wastewater systems. HWW may be a reservoir of ARGs and play an important role in the dissemination of ARGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengcen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiangqing Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhichang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingping Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Liu R, Mabury SA. Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants: A Review of Environmental Occurrence, Fate, Human Exposure, and Toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:11706-11719. [PMID: 32915564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs) are widely used in various industrial and commercial products to retard oxidative reactions and lengthen product shelf life. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted on the environmental occurrence, human exposure, and toxicity of SPAs. Here, we summarize the current understanding of these issues and provide recommendations for future research directions. SPAs have been detected in various environmental matrices including indoor dust, outdoor air particulates, sea sediment, and river water. Recent studies have also observed the occurrence of SPAs, such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) and 2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenol (DBP), in humans (fat tissues, serum, urine, breast milk, and fingernails). In addition to these parent compounds, some transformation products have also been detected both in the environment and in humans. Human exposure pathways include food intake, dust ingestion, and use of personal care products. For breastfeeding infants, breast milk may be an important exposure pathway. Toxicity studies suggest some SPAs may cause hepatic toxicity, have endocrine disrupting effects, or even be carcinogenic. The toxicity effects of some transformation products are likely worse than those of the parent compound. For example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-benzoquinone (BHT-Q) can cause DNA damage at low concentrations. Future studies should investigate the contamination and environmental behaviors of novel high molecular weight SPAs, toxicity effects of coexposure to several SPAs, and toxicity effects on infants. Future studies should also develop novel SPAs with low toxicity and low migration ability, decreasing the potential for environmental pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runzeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Scott A Mabury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Li Z, Li M, Zhang Z, Li P, Zang Y, Liu X. Antibiotics in aquatic environments of China: A review and meta-analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 199:110668. [PMID: 32438219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics have adverse effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems in water environment, which is the main pool. In this study, antibiotics in the aquatic environment of China, containing both surface water and groundwater, were first systematically reviewed. That is essential for surface water and groundwater guideline and industry management. 128 articles were reviewed, containing 116 papers on surface water and 12 papers on groundwater. 94 antibiotics were detected at least once in the aquatic environment of China and most of the studies were in the eastern areas of China. The median concentrations of most antibiotics were below than 100 ng/L in the surface water and 10 ng/L in the groundwater. The concentrations of most antibiotics in China were similar or a little higher than in other countries. According to risk assessment, three antibiotics (enrofloxacin, ofloxacin and erythromycin) and three regions (Haihe River, Wangyang River and Taihu Lake) should be given more concerns. Strengthened policy and management are needed in these regions. In the future, more studies on groundwater and a priority list of antibiotics in the aquatic environment was needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Miao Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Peng Li
- Beijing Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Beijing, 100195, China
| | - Yongge Zang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Liu Z, Zhou A, Liu H, Wang S, Liu W, Wang A, Yue X. Extracellular polymeric substance decomposition linked to hydrogen recovery from waste activated sludge: Role of peracetic acid and free nitrous acid co-pretreatment in a prefermentation-bioelectrolysis cascading system. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 176:115724. [PMID: 32222546 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Free nitrous acid (FNA) has been recently reported to be an effective and eco-friendly inactivator for waste activated sludge (WAS), while the limited decomposition of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix hampers resource recovery from WAS. This work employed peracetic acid (PAA) to assist FNA and explored the contribution of co-pretreatment to hydrogen recovery in a prefermentation-bioelectrolysis cascading system. The results showed that co-pretreatment led to approximately 8.8% and 20.4% increases in the exfoliation of particulate proteins and carbohydrates, respectively, from tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) over that of sole FNA pretreatment. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis verified that the synergistic effect of FNA, PAA and various generated free radicals was the essential process. This effect further promoted the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) after 96 h of prefermentation, and the peak concentration in co-pretreated WAS (AD-FPWAS) was approximately 2.5-fold that in sole FNA-pretreated WAS (AD-FWAS). Subsequently, the cascading utilization of organics in the bioelectrolysis step contributed to efficient hydrogen generation. A total of 10.8 ± 0.3 mg H2/g VSS was harvested in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) fed with AD-FPWAS, while 6.2 ± 0.1 mg H2/g VSS was obtained from AD-FWAS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the effective decomposition of the phospholipid bilayer in the cytomembrane and the transformation of macromolecular organics into VFAs and hydrogen in the cascading system. Further microbial community analysis demonstrated that co-pretreatment enhanced the accumulation of functional consortia, including anaerobic fermentative bacteria (AFB, 28.1%), e.g., Macellibacteroides (6.3%) and Sedimentibacter (6.9%), and electrochemically active bacteria (EAB, 57.0%), e.g., Geobacter (39.0%) and Pseudomonas (13.6%), in the prefermentation and MEC steps, respectively. The possible synergetic and competitive relationships among AFB, EAB, homo-acetogens, nitrate-reducing bacteria and methanogens were explored by molecular ecological network analysis. From an environmental and economic perspective, this promising FNA and PAA co-pretreatment approach provides new insight for energy recovery from WAS biorefineries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Aijuan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hongyan Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sufang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aijie Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, China
| | - Xiuping Yue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Engineer Research Institute of Sludge Disposition and Resources, Taiyuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Li J, Li X, Yang Z, Tang TT. Effects of cellulose on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons removal and microbial community structure variation during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 55:1104-1110. [PMID: 32458727 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1771958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Waste-activated sludge (WAS) with trace organic pollutants, e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), has become an environmental concern. Anaerobic technology is a feasible option for WAS treatment due to its advantages of low-energy consumption and high-energy recovery compared to aerobic technology, but it still has many shortcomings, such as low biogas production and a low organic pollutant removal efficiency. Thus, this study investigated the effects of cellulose on PAHs degradation and microbial community structure variation during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. Four semicontinuous experiments were set by adding cellulose to sewage sludge based on the volatile solids (VS) concentration. The proportions of sludge VS to cellulose VS were 1:0 (CK), 1:0.2, 1:0.5 and 1:1. The results showed the following: (1) The biodegradation of 2-ring, 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs was enhanced by cellulose addition, with total PAHs removal efficiencies of 14.82%, 20.75% and 19.35%, respectively. (2) The abundance of bacteria that could degrade PAHs, such as Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Aminicenantes, Planctomycetes and Spirochaeta, was obviously increased by cellulose addition. (3) The abundance of Methanosaeta during sludge anaerobic digestion was apparently increased by cellulose addition. Methanobacterium and Methanolinea appeared after cellulose addition, while they were not observed in the blank experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tao Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Ning H, Zhai Y, Li S, Liu X, Wang T, Wang B, Liu Y, Qiu Z, Li C, Zhu Y. Fe(II) activated persulfate assisted hydrothermal conversion of sewage sludge: Focusing on nitrogen transformation mechanism and removal effectiveness. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125473. [PMID: 31790996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Fe(II)-activated persulfate-assisted hydrothermal treatment (Fe(II)-PS-HT) was used to improve the efficiency of removing nitrogen (N) from the sewage sludge (SS) under relatively mild conditions (i.e., at 150 °C, for 20min), and the N transformation mechanism was investigated. The total N content in the solid residue was used to evaluate the N removal efficiency. Further, the redistribution of N in the solid and liquid products was characterized and quantified to obtain a N transformation mechanism during sequential persulfate oxidation (Fe(II) and persulfate) assisted hydrothermal treatment (HT). The experimental results denote that the N removal efficiency obtained from the Fe(II)-PS-HT (persulfate/C = 0.085 and Fe(II)/persulfate = 0.5) treated SS was increased by 35.0% at a relatively mild temperature (i.e., 150 °C) when compared with that obtained by treating SS using normal HT. Elevating Fe(II)/persulfate ratio to 1.25 promoting the N removal efficiency by 59.9%-65.9%. Furthermore, the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results clearly denote a N removal mechanism where the sulfate radicals (SO4∙-) produced by Fe(II)-PS destroy the sludge structure and destructed extracellular polymers (EPS). In the absence of EPS protection, proteins were directly exposed to extreme hydrothermal circumstances, and were rapidly transformed from the SS into the liquid residue. The free radicals also provided energy for the denitrification of Heterocycle-N. Consequently, a high N removal efficiency was obtained by Fe(II)-PS-HT with persulfate/C = 0.085 and Fe(II)/persulfate = 1.25 at 150 °C for 20 min.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ning
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yunbo Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Shanhong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yali Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zhenzi Qiu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Caiting Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yun Zhu
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Eid EM, Galal TM, El-Bebany AF. Prediction models for monitoring heavy-metal accumulation by wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) plants grown in sewage sludge amended soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1000-1008. [PMID: 32062980 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1725866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prediction of heavy-metal concentration in the edible parts of economic crops, based on their concentration in soil and other environmental factors, is urgently required for human risk assessment. The present investigation aimed to develop regression models for predicting heavy-metal concentration in wheat plants via their contents in sewage sludge amended soil, organic matter (OM) content and soil pH. The concentration of heavy metals in the plant tissues reflected its concentration in the soil with high Fe followed by Al, Mn, Cr, Zn, Ni, Co, Cu, and Pb. Soil OM content had a significant positive correlation with all investigated heavy-metal concentrations in the different tissues of wheat plants, while soil pH was negatively significant with most heavy metals except spike Pb and grain Cr. The bio-concentration factor of Al, Cu, and Zn from soil to wheat root was >1, while that of shoot, spikes, and grains was <1 for all heavy metals. Significantly valid regression models were developed with fluctuated coefficient of determination (R2), high model efficiency (ME) values and low mean normalized average error (MNAE). The significant positive correlations between the concentration of some heavy metals in the soil and the same in wheat tissues indicate the potential of this plant as a biomonitor for these metals in contaminated soils. The significant correlations between heavy-metal concentrations in soil and its properties (pH and OM) with metal concentrations in wheat plants support the prediction model as an appropriate option. This study recommends the use of models with R2 greater than 50% and recommend other researchers to use our models according to their own specific conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahem M Eid
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Galal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed F El-Bebany
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Chen CF, Ju YR, Lim YC, Hsieh SL, Tsai ML, Sun PP, Katiyar R, Chen CW, Dong CD. Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sludge from Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants by GC-MS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142604. [PMID: 31336632 PMCID: PMC6678439 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sludge samples from drinking water treatment plants (DWTP) and wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) were established using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method was suitable to quantify PAHs in the sludge of DWTP and WWTP and it was confirmed by the relevant quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures. The recovery of individual PAHs in the spiked samples ranged from 74.3% to 108.7%. Detection limits of the analytical procedure were 0.0010–0.0046 mg/kg dw for individual PAHs. This method was used to determine the concentration of PAHs in the selected two DWTP and four WWTP sludge samples. The results showed that the total PAHs (∑PAHs) were in low levels which ranged from 0.0668 to 0.1357 mg/kg dw, and 0.5342–1.0666 mg/kg dw for DWTP and WWTP respectively. The 3- & 4-ring PAHs were predominant in DWTP sludge, ranging from 77.4% to 82.7%; the 4-ring PAHs were predominant in WWTP sludge, ranging from 40.7% to 47.6%. The PAHs of DWTP sludge are mainly composed of 3-ring phenanthrene and anthracene and 4-ring pyrene, and chrysene. The PAHs of WWTP sludge are dominated by 4-ring fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene. The detected PAHs concentration should be undoubtedly considered for agriculture in sludge applications based on the limits of the EU regulations. The results of this study can be used for regular monitoring to establish a reference for sludge management and application to agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Feng Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Ju
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yee Cheng Lim
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Tsai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Pei Sun
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Ravi Katiyar
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Black GP, Anumol T, Young TM. Analyzing a broader spectrum of endocrine active organic contaminants in sewage sludge with high resolution LC-QTOF-MS suspect screening and QSAR toxicity prediction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2019; 21:1099-1114. [PMID: 31179481 PMCID: PMC7036296 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine active contaminants (EACs) in environmental samples can pose a range of toxicological threats to ecosystems, especially through their impacts on reproductive pathways mediated by the estrogen receptor. The physicochemical properties of known organic EACs vary greatly and typically require different sample preparation techniques to identify different classes of compounds. EAC sources are similarly diverse, including both endogenous compounds and anthropogenic chemicals found in personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and their transformation products, which are often disposed of to sewers at their end of use. Looking for EACs in sewage sludge proposes a bottom-up, or end-of-use and treatment approach to discover environmentally relevant EACs, since many EACs accumulate in sludges even after application of robust wastewater treatment processes. This study demonstrates an extraction and analytical method capable of detecting a broad spectrum of known and suspected EACs via High Resolution Liquid Chromatography Quadropole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) suspect screening of fourteen California sewage sludge samples. Spike-recovery experiments were performed using twelve carefully selected surrogates to assess different extraction solvents, sample weights, extraction pH values, procedures for combining extracts with different extraction pH's, and solid phase extraction cartridges. Using LC-QTOF-MS, identifications of several other organic compounds in the samples were made, a goal unachievable with unit resolution mass spectrometry. Suspect screening of California sludge samples discovered 118 compounds including hormones, pharmaceuticals, phosphate flame retardants, recreational drugs, antimicrobials, and pesticides. Additionally, 22 of these identified compounds are predicted to interfere with estrogen receptors or other reproductive/developmental pathways based on the VEGA QSAR toxicity prediction model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle P Black
- Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of California, Davis, USA
| | | | - Thomas M Young
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Mian MM, Liu G, Fu B. Conversion of sewage sludge into environmental catalyst and microbial fuel cell electrode material: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:525-539. [PMID: 30802667 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
At present, environmentally friendly and cost-effective disposal of sewage sludge (SS) is the major challenge of wastewater treatment that prompted the concept of sludge valorization. A recent technology, SS conversion into biochar as an efficient catalyst for environmental application, shows great promise to sludge valorization. This review presents the literature and advances of sludge biochar-based catalysts (SBCs), including their synthesis route, physiochemical characteristics, catalytic applications, reaction mechanisms, chemical stability, feasibility, and future aspects. Two major applications of SBCs such as organic pollutants degradation and employing as an electrode material in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) were summarized. The literature has indicated that carbonization of raw or organic/ inorganic-laden sludge produces various metal phase structure and surface functional groups which perform various catalytic reaction such as Fenton-like reaction, ozonation, H2O2/ persulfate activation, and photoreaction in the organic pollutants degradation tests. The degradation efficiency and chemical stability of SBCs have found very satisfying. Moreover, catalysts are highly recyclable, separable, and ensure negligible metal leaching. Secondly, high-temperature carbonized sludge exhibits excellent electrical conductivity which is suitable to use as MFC electrodes. The low-cost sludge biochar-based electrodes (SBEs) performance is comparable to many commercial electrodes. This new technology is concurrently advantageous for environmental pollution remediation, energy production, and harmful metals immobilization, which offer a new route towards SS valorization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Manik Mian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China.
| | - Biao Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Zou H, Ning XA, Wang Y, Zhou F. The agricultural use potential of the detoxified textile dyeing sludge by integrated Ultrasound/Fenton-like process: A comparative study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:26-32. [PMID: 30669071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing industrial sludge detoxification is of scientific and practical significance in confronting urban development and stringent environmental regulations. A strategy combining ultrasound (US) with the zero-valent iron/EDTA/Air (ZEA) process was proven to be eco-friendly, being efficient in the removal of toxic compounds from textile dyeing sludge in our previous studies. In this paper, therefore, the detoxification effects of three advanced oxidation processes (US, ZEA, US/ZEA) on textile dyeing sludge were comparatively evaluated for the first time through alteration of the sludge's physico-chemical parameters (e.g., macronutrients, heavy metals, and persistent organic pollutants) and toxicity (plants and aquatic biota), by which the appropriateness of industrial sludge's agricultural use was assessed. The results showed that US led to the least alteration of the physico-chemical properties, and the treated sludge became less biodegradable, as demonstrated by XPS. With ZEA treatment, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were degraded by oxidation, and heavy metals were more leachable, leading to effective detoxification with a relatively low sludge dose, but an excessive amount of EDTA would negatively change the fertilizing properties of the sludge. However, the integration of US and ZEA could avoid this situation, as US promoted the degradation of EDTA and POPs, thus causing the least inhibition or even a noticeable stimulation of plant growth when the sludge dosage was 7.5 tdw/ha (recommended dosage by the latest legislation in China). Aquatic organism toxicity tests further confirmed that US/ZEA treatment realized the most significant toxicity reduction, leading to the slightest environmental disruption. This study could be instructive in providing guidance for industrial sludge management considering agricultural use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xun-An Ning
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fengping Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Lu M, Wu X, Hao C, Xu C, Kuang H. An Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor for Nonylphenol Leachate from Instant Noodle Containers in Southeast Asia. Chemistry 2019; 25:7023-7030. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meiru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface, and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu ProvinceJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface, and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu ProvinceJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
| | - Changlong Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface, and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu ProvinceJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface, and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu ProvinceJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface, and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu ProvinceJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Huang Y, Guo J, Yan P, Gong H, Fang F. Sorption-desorption behavior of sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol in sewage sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 368:739-745. [PMID: 30739027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of trace organic contaminants (TOrCs) at detectable levels in wastewater and surface waters led to a growing concern over the persistence of toxicological effects in the environment. Sorption is significant process in municipal wastewater treatment plants to remove TOrCs due to low water solubility and high hydrophobic of most TOrCs. The work herein explored the sorption behavior of four typical TOrCs onto sludge solids. The sorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. Greater sorption amount was observed for EE2 that 60.9% of EE2 in liquid phase was removed, followed by BPA (49.4%) and SMX (35.8%), while only 19.5% of CBZ was adsorbed. Sorption of CBZ, BPA and EE2 was primarily a physical process dominated by partition function, while SMX was mainly sorbed through multiple interactions, and this strong affinity between SMX and activated sludge resulted in least desorption rate. Deep insight into the pathway of SMX in SBR revealed that total removal rate in a period was about 50.22%. Sorption process was observed in anaerobic stage, and biological degradation was mainly occurred in aerobic stage with biodegradation rate of 29.18%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jinsong Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Zhu Q, Jia J, Zhang K, Zhang H, Liao C. Spatial distribution and mass loading of phthalate esters in wastewater treatment plants in China: An assessment of human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 656:862-869. [PMID: 30625672 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and fate of nine phthalate esters (PAEs), including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di‑n‑butyl phthalate (DBP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BzBP), di (2‑ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di‑n‑hexyl phthalate (DNHP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP), and di‑n‑octyl phthalate (DNOP), in sludges collected from 46 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from 22 Chinese provinces were investigated. The nine PAEs were detected in almost all the sludge samples. DEHP was the most abundant congener in all sludge samples, followed by DBP and DIBP. The DEHP concentrations in sludge were in the range of 0.326-67.8 (mean: 14.7) μg/g dry weight (dw), which were at the lower bound or middle of the concentration range of DEHP in sludge globally (0.0200-3514 μg/g dw). Spatial distribution and mass loading of PAEs in WWTPs were investigated. The concentrations of Σ9PAEs in sludges from different provinces were in the order as follows: Jilin (40.2 μg/g dw) > Liaoning (38.9 μg/g dw) > Beijing (30.7 μg/g dw), while the mass loading of ∑9PAEs in sludges were Guangdong (10.1 tons/yr) > Liaoning (9.97 tons/yr) > Shandong (5.59 tons/yr). Our study showed that the geographical distribution of PAEs in sludges was similar to that in indoor dusts found in earlier study, suggesting the existence of a common source for these chemicals in both matrices. Based on the concentrations measured, human exposure to PAEs through sludge application in soil was evaluated and the exposure dose is minor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiabao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Kegang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei 071003, China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Chen J, Meng XZ, Bergman A, Halden RU. Nationwide reconnaissance of five parabens, triclosan, triclocarban and its transformation products in sewage sludge from China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:502-510. [PMID: 30466048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
China's rapid growth of both population size and sanitation infrastructure have created a heightened need for responsible management of sewage sludge. We applied liquid chromatography in conjunction with isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry to measure multiple endocrine disrupting antimicrobials and their transformation products in 100 sewage sludge samples collected across 21 Chinese provinces/districts. Occurrences (detection frequencies) and concentrations (ng/g dry weight) were as follows: triclosan (99%; <4-4870), triclocarban (95%; <3-43,300), 2'-hydroxy-triclocarban (94%; <1-2340), 3'-hydroxy-triclocarban (91%; <1-1250), 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorocarbanilide (100%; 22-580), dichlorocarbanilide (94%; <2-23,890), monocarbanilide (92%; <2-120), carbanilide (90%; <3-1,340), and five parabens: methyl- (98%; <2-630), ethyl- (96%; <2-170), propyl- (99%; <2-27), butyl- (89%; <2-11) and benzyl-paraben (7%; <2-12). The transformation products of triclocarban were measured for the first time in Chinese wastewater system, and ratios of transformation products to parental triclocarban indicate ongoing triclocarban dechlorination during wastewater treatment. Contaminant profiles and concentrations differed by region, treatment capacity, and wastewater type. Extrapolation of collected data yielded an estimate for the total mass of 13 analytes sequestered in Chinese sewage sludge of 68 t/y with an upper bound of 400 t/y. This China-wide survey established baseline levels of selected antimicrobials in sludges whose current disposal is performed with little regulatory oversight and enforcement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Biodesign Institute, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 781 E. Terrace Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Xiang-Zhou Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ake Bergman
- Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center (Swetox), Forskargatan 20, Södertälje 15136, Sweden
| | - Rolf U Halden
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Biodesign Institute, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 781 E. Terrace Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Zou H, Ning XA, Wang Y, Sun J, Hong Y. Sono-advanced Fenton-like degradation of aromatic amines in textile dyeing sludge: efficiency and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7810-7820. [PMID: 30680685 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel strategy integrating ultrasound (US) with a Fenton-like (zero-valent iron/EDTA/air, ZEA) process was proposed for the removal of the refractory and carcinogenic aromatic amines (AAs) in textile dyeing sludge for the first time. The operating condition was optimized as 1.08 W/cm3 ultrasonic density, 15 g/L ZVI, and 1.0 mM EDTA, which could reach degradation efficiencies of 51.79% in US, 72.88% in ZEA, and 92.40% in US/ZEA system after 90-min reaction. Quenching experiments showed that electron transfer reactions generated by the iron ligands in ZEA brought about various reactive oxidative species (ROS), in which Fe (IV), O2˙-, and ˙OH dominated the degradation. US induced sludge disintegration by ultrasonic shear, proven by particle size decrease and supernatant organic matter upsurge, which helps ROS contact with those pollutants in the sludge cavities. Besides, US facilitated the iron redox cycle for oxygen activation by promoting the corrosion of ZVI and stripping considerable ferric ions from sludge iron oxides which were verified by SEM, XRF, and XPS. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xun-An Ning
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanxiang Hong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Murray R, Tien YC, Scott A, Topp E. The impact of municipal sewage sludge stabilization processes on the abundance, field persistence, and transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes to vegetables at harvest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1680-1687. [PMID: 30316087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biosolids were obtained from four Ontario municipalities that vary in how the sewage sludge is treated. These included a Class B biosolids that was anaerobically digested, a Class A biosolids that were heat treated and pelletized (Propell), and two Class A biosolids that were stabilized using either the N-Viro (N-Rich) or Lystek (LysteGro) processes. Viable enteric indicator or pathogenic bacteria in the biosolids were enumerated by plate count, gene targets associated with antibiotic resistance or horizontal gene transfer were detected by PCR, and a subset of these gene targets were quantified by qPCR. Following application at commercial rates to field plots, the persistence of enteric bacteria and gene targets in soil was followed during the growing season. Carrots, radishes and lettuce were sown into the amended and unamended control plots, and the diversity and abundance of gene targets they carried at harvest determined. All three Class A biosolids carried fewer and less abundant antibiotic resistance genes than did the Class B biosolids, in particular the very alkaline N-Viro product (N-Rich). Following application, some gene targets (e.g. int1, sul1, strA/B, aadA) that are typically associated with mobile gene cassettes remained detectable throughout the growing season, whereas others (e.g. ermB, ermF, blaOXA20) that are not associated with cassettes became undetectable within three weeks or less. At harvest a larger number of gene targets were detected on the carrots and radishes than in the lettuce. Overall, land application of Class A biosolids will entrain fewer viable bacteria and genes associated with antibiotic resistance into crop ground than will amendment with Class B biosolids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Murray
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Andrew Scott
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward Topp
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Sun SJ, Zhao ZB, Li B, Ma LX, Fu DL, Sun XZ, Thapa S, Shen JM, Qi H, Wu YN. Occurrence, composition profiles and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in municipal sewage sludge in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:764-770. [PMID: 30502706 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A nationwide survey, including 75 sludge samples and 18 wastewater samples taken from different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from 23 cities, was carried out to investigate the occurrence and composition profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in China. In total, the concentrations of ∑16PAHs in sludge ranged from 565 to 280,000 ng/g (mean: 9340 ng/g) which was at a moderate level in the world. The composition profiles of PAHs were characterized by 3- and 4-ring PAHs in textile dyeing sludge and 4- and 5-ring PAHs in domestic sludge. Significant variations in regional distribution of PAHs were observed. Both the principal components analysis and diagnostic ratios revealed that vehicle exhaust, coal and natural gas combustion were the main sources of PAHs in China. The estimated concentrations of PAHs were 3820 ng/L and 1120 ng/L in influents and effluents of the WWTPs, respectively. The high toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) values of PAHs are ascribed to the high PAH levels. Risk quotient values (RQs) in sludge indicated that there was low potential risk to soil ecosystem after sludge had been applied one year except for indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IcdP) detected in Huaibei, Anhui province.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Ze-Bin Zhao
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Li-Xin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Dong-Lei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xia-Zhong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Samit Thapa
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Ji-Min Shen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Hong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Yi-Ning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Wu Q, Liu Z, Liang J, Kuo DTF, Chen S, Hu X, Deng M, Zhang H, Lu Y. Assessing pollution and risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in China's top coal-producing region. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:102. [PMID: 30685817 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Managing and disposing of sewage sludge have been a severe environmental challenge around the world. China produces hundreds of million tons of sewage sludge annually, and a better understanding of the extent and risk of the associated pollution is of critical importance for implementing environmentally safe regulations and practices. The present study examined the quantity, composition, source, and risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sewage sludge from 18 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Shaanxi, one of China's top coal-producing provinces. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 778 to 3264 ng/g dry weight, which is below the upper safety limit (5000 ng/g dry weight) set for the disposal of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants for agricultural use in China. However, the concentration of individual PAH compound exceeded the acceptable level prescribed by the Netherland Soil Standard. Three-ring PAHs were the most abundant constituent (50% of total PAHs on average), followed by four-ring PAHs averaging 25%. Relative to sludge PAHs in the same region a decade ago, the total concentrations decreased by more than 27% and the composition shifted to a more pronounced dominance by low molecular weight compounds. This compositional shift suggests higher contributions of petrogenic sources, which may reflect China's increasing consumption of petroleum products over the past decade. The flux of sludge PAHs from each WWTP was positively correlated with the corresponding city's GDP and population, and the total flux amounted to over 100 kg each year for WWTPs in the Xi'an city. The mean toxicity equivalent quantity (TEQ) value was more than twice higher than the value recommended by the Netherlands Soil Standard, and seven carcinogenic PAHs were the primary contributor (i.e., 89-99%) of the TEQ. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that sewage sludge PAHs in Shaanxi constitute a significant source of environmental pollution and toxicity, which cautions against the direct discharge and reuse of sewage sludge and further highlights challenges in managing and disposing of the vast quantities of sewage sludge in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhineng Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junyan Liang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dave T F Kuo
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Shejun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mingjun Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haozhi Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - YueHan Lu
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, 201 7th. Ave., Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Rd., Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Mian MM, Liu G. Sewage sludge-derived TiO 2/Fe/Fe 3C-biochar composite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for degradation of methylene blue. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:101-114. [PMID: 30316152 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Novel TiO2/Fe/Fe3C-biochar composite, as a heterogeneous catalyst, has been synthesized by a single-step route, where sewage sludge (SS) and different ratios of nanoparticles (NPs: Fe and Ti) impregnated with chitosan using coagulation and flocculation techniques for subsequent thermal decomposition at 800 °C. The physiochemical properties of samples have been characterized thoroughly and employed in methylene blue (MB) degradation tests. It was found that NPs ratio and chitosan support have significant influences on the properties and catalytic activity of catalysts. Chitosan inclusion successfully improves the surface area and mesoporosity of composites, while high contents of Fe integration reduce surface area and active site (Fe3C) due to Fe0 agglomeration. Though, Ti incorporation produces Ti3+ that activated photosensitivity. Catalyst with the high mesoporous surface, Ti3+, selective Fe3C, and small Fe0 shows superior MB removal competency through concurrent adsorption, photodegradation, and H2O2 activation. Primarily OH and some O2- radicles participating in the degradation reactions evident from scavenging experiments. The maximum MB removal capacity evaluated as 376.9 mg L-1 in neutral pH. Moreover, the catalyst exhibits excellent material stability, recyclability, easy separability, and low Fe-ion leaching (0.11 mg L-1) after catalysis. This study provided new insight into a low-cost and environmentally friendly route of catalyst synthesis using SS, NPs, and chitosan, which concurrently advantageous to SS disposal and wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Manik Mian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
De Oliveira T, Fernandez E, Fougère L, Destandau E, Boussafir M, Sohmiya M, Sugahara Y, Guégan R. Competitive Association of Antibiotics with a Clay Mineral and Organoclay Derivatives as a Control of Their Lifetimes in the Environment. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:15332-15342. [PMID: 30556002 PMCID: PMC6289540 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A Na-smectite clay mineral (Na-Mt) was exchanged with two concentrations of benzyldimethyltetradecyl ammonium chloride cationic surfactant up to one time the cation exchange capacity. Nonionic organoclay was prepared with polyoxyethylene (20) oleyl ether (Brij-O20) nonionic surfactant at one concentration. The resulting organoclays displayed lateral layer organization of the surfactants within their interlayer space.. The adsorption properties of these organoclays and the starting raw clay mineral were evaluated for three extensively used antibiotic pharmaceutical products: the amoxicillin (AMX), the sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and the trimethoprim (TRI), recognized as recalcitrant compounds to conventional water treatments and to display a complex behavior for different pH and temperature experimental conditions. Besides showing short half-life time with possible degradation by UV radiation, these antibiotics associated with mineral phases cause serious environmental issues of which the toxic effect can be exacerbated in the presence of other chemical compounds. From the set of data obtained by complementary techniques: UV and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction, it appears that the nonionic organoclay shows its versatility for the adsorption of individual molecules as well as a pool of antibiotics. The mixing of the three antibiotics showing different electric charged species (cations, anions, and zwitterions) mimics the natural context drives to a deep modification of the adsorption behavior onto the different materials that can act as possible carrier mineral phases in aquatic environment. These competition effects can be measured through the significant decrease of the K F Freundlich constants for AMX in the presence of other molecules (or electrolytes), whereas TRI and SMX, by their possible association, create a synergistic effect that favors their adsorption on the whole layered materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago De Oliveira
- Institut
des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université
d’Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Elodie Fernandez
- Institut
des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université
d’Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Laëtitia Fougère
- Institut
de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR 7311, CNRS-Université
d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Emilie Destandau
- Institut
de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR 7311, CNRS-Université
d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Mohammed Boussafir
- Institut
des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université
d’Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Minoru Sohmiya
- Department
of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijojikitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sugahara
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, (Global Center for Science and Engineering), Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Régis Guégan
- Institut
des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université
d’Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, (Global Center for Science and Engineering), Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Li Z, Zheng T, Li M, Liu X. Organic contaminants in the effluent of Chinese wastewater treatment plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:26852-26860. [PMID: 30097986 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are the important sources for pollutants. These pollutants may entry into surface water, groundwater, and soil by recharging and irrigation then pose risk to human beings. Using reports from the past 20 years (n = 58), we conducted this review of organic contaminants (OCs) in the effluent of Chinese WWTPs. All the studies were during 2005 to 2017 and more than two papers were conducted in every year. Nineteen provinces (20 cities) were covered and most of the studies were located in the eastern part of China, especially the most developed and highest density of population areas. Two hundred eighty-four OCs were contained. E antibiotics, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and pharmaceuticals were the most commonly studied groups of OCs, and ofloxacin, norfloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole were the three most commonly reported OCs. The highest concentration appeared for bisphenol A (BPA). The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of concentrations of the most commonly studied compounds were high. In the future, more studies should pay attention on national analysis and more pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tongli Zheng
- Jinan Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Miao Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Ge L, Halsall C, Chen CE, Zhang P, Dong Q, Yao Z. Exploring the aquatic photodegradation of two ionisable fluoroquinolone antibiotics - Gatifloxacin and balofloxacin: Degradation kinetics, photobyproducts and risk to the aquatic environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1192-1197. [PMID: 29758871 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) are ubiquitous and ionisable in surface waters. Here we investigate gatifloxacin (GAT) and balofloxacin (BAL), two widely used FQs, and determine the photochemical reactivity of their respective dissociation species that arise at different pH to understand the relevance and pathways of phototransformation reactions. Simulated-sunlight experiments and matrix calculations showed that neutral forms (HFQs0) of the two antibiotics had the highest apparent photolytic efficiency and hydroxyl-radical oxidation reactivity. Based on the pH-dependent photochemical reactivities, the solar apparent photodegradation half-lives (t1/2) in sunlit surface waters ranged from 14.5-169min and was 1-2 orders of magnitude faster than hydroxyl-radical induced oxidation (t1/2=20.9-29.8h). The corresponding pathways were proposed based on the identification of key intermediates using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The apparent photodegradation induced defluorination, decarboxylation, and piperazinyl oxidation and rearrangement, whereas hydroxyl-radical oxidation caused hydroxylated defluorination and piperazinyl hydroxylation. The photomodified toxicity of GAT and BAL was examined using an Escherichia coli activity assay. E. coli activity was not affected by BAL, but was significantly affected by the photo-modified solutions of GAT, indicating that primary photo-degradates have a comparable or higher antibacterial activity than the parent GAT. In fresh water and seawater this antibacterial activity remained high for up to 24h, even after GAT had undergone significant photodegradation (>1 half-life), indicating the potential impact of this chemical on microbial communities in aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linke Ge
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Crispin Halsall
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Chang-Er Chen
- The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ziwei Yao
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Zheng G, Wang T, Niu M, Chen X, Liu C, Wang Y, Chen T. Biodegradation of nonylphenol during aerobic composting of sewage sludge under two intermittent aeration treatments in a full-scale plant. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:783-791. [PMID: 29626822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The urbanization and industrialization of cities around the coastal region of the Bohai Sea have produced large amounts of sewage sludge from sewage treatment plants. Research on the biodegradation of nonylphenol (NP) and the influencing factors of such biodegradation during sewage sludge composting is important to control pollution caused by land application of sewage sludge. The present study investigated the effect of aeration on NP biodegradation and the microbe community during aerobic composting under two intermittent aeration treatments in a full-scale plant of sewage sludge, sawdust, and returned compost at a ratio of 6:3:1. The results showed that 65% of NP was biodegraded and that Bacillus was the dominant bacterial species in the mesophilic phase. The amount of NP biodegraded in the mesophilic phase was 68.3%, which accounted for 64.6% of the total amount of biodegraded NP. The amount of NP biodegraded under high-volume aeration was 19.6% higher than that under low-volume aeration. Bacillus was dominant for 60.9% of the composting period under high-volume aeration, compared to 22.7% dominance under low-volume aeration. In the thermophilic phase, high-volume aeration promoted the biodegradation of NP and Bacillus remained the dominant bacterial species. In the cooling and stable phases, the contents of NP underwent insignificant change while different dominant bacteria were observed in the two treatments. NP was mostly biodegraded by Bacillus, and the rate of biodegradation was significantly correlated with the abundance of Bacillus (r = 0.63, p < 0.05). Under aeration, Bacillus remained the dominant bacteria, especially in the thermal phase; this phenomenon possibly increased the biodegradation efficiency of NP. High-volume aeration accelerated the activity and prolonged the survival of Bacillus. The risk of organic pollution could be decreased prior to sewage sludge reuse in soil by adjusting the ventilation strategies of aerobic compost measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Tieyu Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingjie Niu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changli Liu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuewei Wang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Yang Y, Song W, Lin H, Wang W, Du L, Xing W. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in global lakes: A review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 116:60-73. [PMID: 29653401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Lakes are an important source of freshwater, containing nearly 90% of the liquid surface fresh water worldwide. Long retention times in lakes mean pollutants from discharges slowly circulate around the lakes and may lead to high ecological risk for ecosystem and human health. In recent decades, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been regarded as emerging pollutants. The occurrence and distribution of antibiotics and ARGs in global freshwater lakes are summarized to show the pollution level of antibiotics and ARGs and to identify some of the potential risks to ecosystem and human health. Fifty-seven antibiotics were reported at least once in the studied lakes. Our meta-analysis shows that sulfamethoxazole, sulfamerazine, sulfameter, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, erythromycin, and roxithromycin were found at high concentrations in both lake water and lake sediment. There is no significant difference in the concentration of sulfonamides in lake water from China and that from other countries worldwide; however, there was a significant difference in quinolones. Erythromycin had the lowest predicted hazardous concentration for 5% of the species (HC5) and the highest ecological risk in lakes. There was no significant difference in the concentration of sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2) in lake water and river water. There is surprisingly limited research on the role of aquatic biota in propagation of ARGs in freshwater lakes. As an environment that is susceptible to cumulative build-up of pollutants, lakes provide an important environment to study the fate of antibiotics and transport of ARGs with a broad range of niches including bacterial community, aquatic plants and animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK.
| | - Wenjuan Song
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Linna Du
- Department of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Li B, Wang K, Ma LX, Sun SJ, Jia LR, Yuan AN, Shen JM, Qi H, Zhang AP. Deca-BDE and alternative halogenated flame retardants in a wastewater treatment plant in Harbin (2009-2016): Occurrence, temporal trends, seasonal variation, and fate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:1156-1163. [PMID: 29996412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first attempt to comprehensively investigate deca-BDE and alternative flame retardants in a wastewater treatment plant in such a long term in China (2009-2016). Influent, effluent and sludge samples were collected. The mean concentration of deca-BDE, Σ19NBFRs and ΣDPs in influent were 311.5, 76.0 and 1.4ng/L, respectively, which were at the low end of the global range. The levels of deca-BDE, Σ19NBFRs and ΣDPs in effluent were range from 9.5-68.6, 4.1-38.5 and BLD-1.6ng/L, respectively. In sludge samples, the mean concentrations were 406.7, 510.5 and 6.9ng/g dw for deca-BDE, Σ19NBFRs and ΣDPs. The concentration of temporal trends in this study may reflected the release of those compounds. Compared to the beginning year of this study, the usage of deca-BDE was decreased but the usage of total NBFRs and DPs presented sustained increase over the sampling period. There were no significant variation of deca-BDE, NBFRs and DPs in the wastewater treatment plant in Harbin was observed in the four seasons except for NBFRs in influents, which the Σ19NBFRs mean concentration in influents in the summer was statistically significantly higher than that in winter indicating that NBFRs was easier impacted by temperature compared to deca-BDE and DPs. In addition, sorption and accumulation to sludge was the major removal mechanism for those compounds, accounting for 73.3% to 89.0%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Li-Xin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shao-Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lin-Ran Jia
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - An-Ni Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ji-Min Shen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - An-Ping Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Ke Y, Ning XA, Liang J, Zou H, Sun J, Cai H, Lin M, Li R, Zhang Y. Sludge treatment by integrated ultrasound-Fenton process: Characterization of sludge organic matter and its impact on PAHs removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 343:191-199. [PMID: 28950207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the impact of organic matter on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in textile dyeing sludge by ultrasound-Fenton process has been studied. Sludge organic matter (SOM) was characterized and the degradation efficiencies of PAHs at various oxidation intensities (Fenton's reagent of 20, 70, and 140mmol/L, ultrasonic densities of 0.36, 0.90, and 1.80W/cm3, and reaction time of 15, 25, and 40min) were determined. The results showed that 75.52-84.40% of PAHs and 16.32-31.13% of SOM had degraded after ultrasound-Fenton treatment, confirming the competitive relation between both of them for degradation. The aliphatic SOM fractions were preferentially oxidized owing to their easily degradable properties, while equimolar amounts of the aromatic moieties would require more oxidant compared to the aliphatic fractions. Correlation analysis demonstrated that SOM with its lower content, stronger polarity, and a higher proportion of labile organic fraction was more favourable for PAHs degradation. In addition, the SOM fractions were decomposed to biodegradable matter after treatment, which further enhance the biodegradability of sludge. This study provides insights into the role of SOM in PAHs removal by AOPs, and confirms that the ultrasound-Fenton treatment could not only effectively degrade PAHs, but also modify SOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Ke
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xun-An Ning
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jieying Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyuan Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hualing Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiqing Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruijing Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Liu M, Du P, Yu C, He Y, Zhang H, Sun X, Lin H, Luo Y, Xie H, Guo J, Tong Y, Zhang Q, Chen L, Zhang W, Li X, Wang X. Increases of Total Mercury and Methylmercury Releases from Municipal Sewage into Environment in China and Implications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:124-134. [PMID: 29214801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As a globally transported pollutant, mercury (Hg) released from human activity and methylmercury (MeHg) in the food web are global concerns due to their increasing presence in the environment. In this study, we found that Hg released from municipal sewage into the environment in China is a substantial anthropogenic source based on mass sampling throughout China. In total, 160 Mg (140-190 Mg, from the 20th percentile to the 80th percentile) of Hg (THg) and 280 kg (240-330 kg) of MeHg were released from municipal sewage in China in 2015. The quantities of released THg and MeHg were the most concentrated in the coastal regions, especially in the East, North and South China regions. However, the per capita release of THg and MeHg was the highest in the Tibetan region, which is recognized as the cleanest region in China. THg released into aquatic environments was mitigated from 2001 to 2015 in China, but the amounts released into other sinks increased. This study provides the first picture of the release of Hg from municipal sewage into various sinks in China, and policy makers should pay more attention to the diversity and complexity of the sources and transport of Hg, which can lead to Hg accumulation in the food web and can threaten human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maodian Liu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut , 1080 Shennecossett Rd., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Peng Du
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chenghao Yu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yipeng He
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut , 1080 Shennecossett Rd., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huiming Lin
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Han Xie
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qianggong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, China
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiqing Li
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Luo J, Zhang Q, Cao J, Fang F, Feng Q. Importance of Monitor and Control on New-Emerging Pollutants in Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/gep.2018.61004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
91
|
Liu J, Qu R, Wang Z, Mendoza-Sanchez I, Sharma VK. Thermal- and photo-induced degradation of perfluorinated carboxylic acids: Kinetics and mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 126:12-18. [PMID: 28917116 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) of different carbon chain lengths are chemicals of concern to human health and their removal, using conventional remediation technologies, is challenging. The present paper pursuits thermal and photo-induced degradation of PFCAs (F(CF2)nCOOH, n = 1-9) under various concentrations of four different acids (HNO3, H2SO4, HCl, and H3PO4) covering a range of strong acidic to basic pH. For thermal-induced experiments, the temperature was set at 40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C at acid strengths of 0.04-18.4 M. Photo-induced experiments were conducted at pH 0.5, 7.0, and 13.0 under a light intensity of (150 ± 10) × 100 μW/cm2. The degradation first-order rate constant (k1, h-1) as a function of [H+] was modeled by considering equilibrium of nondissociated (F(CF2)nCOOH, HX) and dissociated (F(CF2)nCOO-, X-) species of PFCAs (HX ⇌ X- + H+, pKa = -0.1). Species-specific rate constants, k1HX, reasonably described the trend of thermal and photo decay of PFCAs, where k1HX increased with acidity of solution and the carbon chain length of PFCAs. Mechanism of degradation of PFCAs (e.g. perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)) involved homolytic breakage of CC bond between alkyl and carboxyl groups, which produced radicals and subsequently decarboxylation to perfluoroheptene-1. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the mechanism. The calculations indicated that a breaking of CC bond is more feasible with nondissociated HX than dissociated X- species of PFCAs and also with increase in chain length. The potential of a combination of thermal- and photo-induced processes under acidic conditions to enhance degradation of PFOA in water is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ruijuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Zunyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Itza Mendoza-Sanchez
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Feng D, Liu Y, Gao Y, Zhou J, Zheng L, Qiao G, Ma L, Lin Z, Grathwohl P. Atmospheric bulk deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Shanghai: Temporal and spatial variation, and global comparison. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:639-647. [PMID: 28711824 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition leads to accumulation of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on urban surfaces and topsoils. To capture the inherent variability of atmospheric deposition of PAHs in Shanghai's urban agglomeration, 85 atmospheric bulk deposition samples and 7 surface soil samples were collected from seven sampling locations during 2012-2014. Total fluxes of 17 PAHs were 587-32,300 ng m-2 day-1, with a geometric mean of 2600 ng m-2 day-1. The deposition fluxes were categorized as moderate to high on a global scale. Phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene were major contributors. The spatial distribution of deposition fluxes revealed the influence of urbanization/industrialization and the relevance of local emissions. Meteorological conditions and more heating demand in cold season lead to a significant increase of deposition rates. Atmospheric deposition is the principal pathway of PAHs input to topsoils and the annual deposition load in Shanghai amounts to ∼4.5 tons (0.7 kg km-2) with a range of 2.5-10 tons (0.4-1.6 kg km-2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daolun Feng
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jinxing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Gang Qiao
- College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhifen Lin
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Peter Grathwohl
- Center for Applied Geoscience, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Zhang Q, Hu J, Lee DJ, Chang Y, Lee YJ. Sludge treatment: Current research trends. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:1159-1172. [PMID: 28764130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sludge is produced during wastewater treatment as a residue containing most insoluble and adsorbed soluble impurities in wastewaters. This paper summarized the currently available review papers on sludge treatments and proposed the research trends based on the points raised therein. On partition aspect, sludge production rate and the reduction of production rate and the fate and transformation of involved emergent contaminants including endocrine disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals and personal care products are widely studied. On release aspect, development of thermal processes on sludge with migration and transformation of heavy metals in sludge during treatment is a research focus. The use of detailed fluid and biological reaction models and advanced instrumentation and control systems is studied to optimize treatment performances. On recovery part, co-digestion of sludge with co-substrates at mesophilic and hyperthermophilic conditions and the recovery of phosphorus at low costs are research highlights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanguo Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agriculture University, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agriculture University, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agriculture University, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yingju Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Liu B, Zheng H, Deng X, Xu B, Sun Y, Liu Y, Liang J. Formation of cationic hydrophobic micro-blocks in P(AM-DMC) by template assembly: characterization and application in sludge dewatering. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27400e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of template did play a role of molecular assembly in the radical polymerization, and the cationic hydrophobic micro-blocks in the polymer slightly improved the sludge dehydration performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Xiangrui Deng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Bincheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Nanjing Technology University
- College of Urban Construct
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Yongzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Jianjun Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Liu GF, Huang LJ, Wang YX, Tang JG, Wang Y, Cheng MM, Zhang Y, Kipper MJ, Belfiore LA, Ranil WS. Preparation of a graphene/silver hybrid membrane as a new nanofiltration membrane. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07904d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe the preparation, characterization, water flux and rejection performance of a composite membrane formed from reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) via a rapid thermal reduction method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-fei Liu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials
- National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology
- National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
| | - Lin-jun Huang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials
- National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology
- National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
| | - Yan-xin Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials
- National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology
- National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
| | - Jian-guo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials
- National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology
- National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
| | - Yao Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials
- National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology
- National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
| | - Meng-meng Cheng
- Institute of Hybrid Materials
- National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology
- National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials
- National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology
- National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
| | - Matt J. Kipper
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Colorado State University
- Fort Collins
- USA
| | - Laurence A. Belfiore
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Colorado State University
- Fort Collins
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Mailler R, Gasperi J, Patureau D, Vulliet E, Delgenes N, Danel A, Deshayes S, Eudes V, Guerin S, Moilleron R, Chebbo G, Rocher V. Fate of emerging and priority micropollutants during the sewage sludge treatment: Case study of Paris conurbation. Part 1: Contamination of the different types of sewage sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 59:379-393. [PMID: 27847230 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article provides data on the contamination of different kinds of sludge (raw, centrifuged, digested, thermally dried sludge and sludge cake) from Paris conurbation by 71 various pollutants including pharmaceutical products (PHPs), hormones, perfluorinated acids (PFAs), linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), alkylphenols (APs), phthalates (PAEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Very high contents of LAS (0.1-10g/kg dry matter - DM) compared to other compounds were found in all types of sludge followed by DEHP (10-100mg/kg DM) and fluoroquinolones (1-100mg/kg DM). APs were measured at intermediary contents in Parisian sludge, lying in the 2-20mg/kg DM range. Finally, hormones, PAHs, PCBs, PAEs, PFAs and the remaining PHPs were all found at contents lower than 1mg/kg DM. For most compounds (PHPs, PFOS, DEHP, PAHs), no significant differences in the micropollutant contents were found for similar types of sludge from different WWTP in Paris, highlighting the homogeneity of sludge contamination in downstream Paris catchment. The variability of concentration is rather high (coefficient of variation >100%) for several PHPs, PFAs or PCBs while it is moderate (<100%) or low (<50%) for fluoroquinolones, hormones, PAHs, APs or LAS. In addition, digestion seems to have a buffer effect as variabilities are lower in digested sludge for PHPs, PFAs, APs and PCBs. During sludge treatment (centrifugation, digestion, thermal drying, sludge conditioning+press filtration), the hormones, LAS, APs, PAHs, DEHP and PCBs concentrations increased, while those of PHPs and PFAs decreased. In the case of digestion, the increase of content can be explained by no pollutant removal or a lower removal than DM removal (concentration phenomenon) whereas the decrease underlines that the compound is more removed than the DM. In any case, these concentration variations presuppose the mechanisms of dissipation that could be attributed to volatilization, biotic or abiotic transformation (complete or with metabolites production), bound residues formation. In addition, data on sludge liquors - centrifuged (CW) and condensed (TDW) waters - from respectively centrifugation and thermal drying were collected. Several hormones, PHPs, PFAs, LAS, PAEs, APs, PCBs and PAHs were quantified in CW and TDW, displaying a transfer through the water removal. The concentrations observed are rather comparable to those found in wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Mailler
- SIAAP, Direction du Développement et de la Prospective, 82 avenue Kléber, 92700 Colombes, France.
| | - J Gasperi
- LEESU (UMR MA 102, Université Paris-Est, Agro ParisTech), 61 avenue du Général De Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France.
| | | | - E Vulliet
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ENS-Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - A Danel
- LBE, INRA, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - S Deshayes
- LEESU (UMR MA 102, Université Paris-Est, Agro ParisTech), 61 avenue du Général De Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France; LCPP (UMR 0050, INRA), 39 bis rue de Dantzig, 75015 Paris, France
| | - V Eudes
- LCPP (UMR 0050, INRA), 39 bis rue de Dantzig, 75015 Paris, France
| | - S Guerin
- SIAAP, Direction du Développement et de la Prospective, 82 avenue Kléber, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - R Moilleron
- LEESU (UMR MA 102, Université Paris-Est, Agro ParisTech), 61 avenue du Général De Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - G Chebbo
- LEESU (UMR MA 102, Université Paris-Est, Agro ParisTech), 6-8 avenue Blaise Pascal, Champs-sur-Marne, 77455 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France
| | - V Rocher
- SIAAP, Direction du Développement et de la Prospective, 82 avenue Kléber, 92700 Colombes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
D'Angelo E, Starnes D. Desorption kinetics of ciprofloxacin in municipal biosolids determined by diffusion gradient in thin films. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 164:215-224. [PMID: 27591373 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a commonly-prescribed antibiotic that is largely excreted by the body, and is often found at elevated concentrations in treated sewage sludge (biosolids) at municipal wastewater treatment plants. When biosolids are applied to soils, they could release CIP to surface runoff, which could adversely affect growth of aquatic organisms that inhabit receiving water bodies. The hazard risk largely depends on the amount of antibiotic in the solid phase that can be released to solution (labile CIP), its diffusion coefficient, and sorption/desorption exchange rates in biosolids particles. In this study, these processes were evaluated in a Class A Exceptional Quality Biosolids using a diffusion gradient in thin films (DGT) sampler that continuously removed CIP from solution, which induced desorption and diffusion in biosolids. Mass accumulation of antibiotic in the sampler over time was fit by a diffusion transport and exchange model available in the software tool 2D-DIFS to derive the distribution coefficient of labile CIP (Kdl) and sorption/desorption rate constants in the biosolids. The Kdl was 13 mL g-1, which equated to 16% of total CIP in the labile pool. Although the proportion of labile CIP was considerable, release rates to solution were constrained by slow desorption kinetics (desorption rate constant = 4 × 10-6 s-1) and diffusion rate (effective diffusion coefficient = 6 × 10-9 cm2 s-1. Studies are needed to investigate how changes in temperature, water content, pH and other physical and chemical characteristics can influence antibiotic release kinetics and availability and mobility in biosolid-amended soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E D'Angelo
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, N-122 Agricultural Science Building North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, United States.
| | - D Starnes
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, N-122 Agricultural Science Building North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, United States
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
De Oliveira T, Guégan R. Coupled Organoclay/Micelle Action for the Adsorption of Diclofenac. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10209-10215. [PMID: 27571028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A Na-smectite clay mineral (Na-Mt) was exchanged with various amounts of benzyldimethyltetradecyl ammonium chloride cationic surfactant (BDTAC) up to four times the cation exchange capacity (CEC). The adsorption properties of these organoclays as well as a coupled micelle/organoclay process were evaluated to remove an anionic pharmaceutical product, the diclofenac (DCF), recognized as a recalcitrant compound for conventional water treatments and to be poorly adsorbed onto untreated clay mineral. The DCF affinity appears to depend on the lipophilic character of organoclays in correlation to the density of intercalated BDTA and is particularly enhanced for sorbent systems with free surfactant or micelle in solution. The combination of both organclay and BDTA in excess or micelle as a one pot adsorption system appears to be the most efficient material for the sequestration of DCF and other pharmaceutical products (PPs) with a KF Freundlich constant of 1.7 L g(-1) and no restriction of the adsorbed DCF amount as the linear adsorption isotherm shows. A BDTA hydrophobic core micelle coupled with a positive electric charge forms an organic complex with DCF that is properly intercalated within the interlayer space of BDTA-Mt organoclays as both Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) data supported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago De Oliveira
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université d'Orléans , 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Régis Guégan
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université d'Orléans , 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| |
Collapse
|