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Li Z, Hu M, Song H, Lin D, Wang Y. Toxic effects of nano-TiO 2 in bivalves-A synthesis of meta-analysis and bibliometric analysis. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:188-203. [PMID: 33985722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the increasing production and application of nano-TiO2 in consumer products have inevitably led to its release into aquatic systems and therefore caused the exposure of aquatic organisms, resulting in growing environmental concerns. However, the safety of nano-TiO2 in aquatic environments has not been systematically assessed, especially in coastal and estuary waters where a large number of filter-feeding animals live. Bivalves are considered around the world to be a unique target group for nanoparticle toxicity, and numerous studies have been conducted to test the toxic effects of nano-TiO2 on bivalves. The aim of this review was to systematically summarize and analyze published data concerning the toxicological effects of nano-TiO2 in bivalves. In particular, the toxicity of nano-TiO2 to the antioxidant system and cell physiology was subjected to meta-analysis to reveal the mechanism of the toxicological effects of nano-TiO2 and the factors affecting its toxicological effects. To reveal the cooperation, hot keywords and co-citations in this field, bibliometric analysis was conducted, and the results showed that the toxicological molecular mechanisms of nano-TiO2 and the combined effects of nano-TiO2 and other environmental factors are two major hot spots. Finally, some perspectives and insights were provided in this review for future research on nano-TiO2 toxicology in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqing Li
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hanting Song
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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52
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Yu H, Luo D, Dai L, Cheng F. In silico nanosafety assessment tools and their ecosystem-level integration prospect. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:8722-8739. [PMID: 33960351 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have tremendous potential in many fields, but their applications and commercialization are difficult to widely implement due to their safety concerns. Recently, in silico nanosafety assessment has become an important and necessary tool to realize the safer-by-design strategy of ENMs and at the same time to reduce animal tests and exposure experiments. Here, in silico nanosafety assessment tools are classified into three categories according to their methodologies and objectives, including (i) data-driven prediction for acute toxicity, (ii) fate modeling for environmental pollution, and (iii) nano-biological interaction modeling for long-term biological effects. Released ENMs may cross environmental boundaries and undergo a variety of transformations in biological and environmental media. Therefore, the potential impacts of ENMs must be assessed from a multimedia perspective and with integrated approaches considering environmental and biological effects. Ecosystems with biodiversity and an abiotic environment may be used as an excellent integration platform to assess the community- and ecosystem-level nanosafety. In this review, the advances and challenges of in silico nanosafety assessment tools are carefully discussed. Furthermore, their integration at the ecosystem level may provide more comprehensive and reliable nanosafety assessment by establishing a site-specific interactive system among ENMs, abiotic environment, and biological communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjie Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Limin Dai
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Fang Cheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Müller AK, Xu ZK, Greiner A. Preparation and Performance Assessment of Low-Pressure Affinity Membranes Based on Functionalized, Electrospun Polyacrylates for Gold Nanoparticle Filtration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:15659-15667. [PMID: 33761236 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENM) possess many advantages over commonly utilized water purification systems. They provide high porosity with interconnected pores and a high surface to volume ratio, facilitating particle adsorption. Affinity separation moves into a promising future for application, for example, nanoparticle adsorption with excellent filtration efficiency, because of its highly specific adsorption mechanism. However, not all effects on filtration performance are entirely understood. In this paper, we investigate significant filtration parameters, such as pore size, mechanical stability, and hydrophilicity, and determine a sequence of importance for an optimal pressure drop. Copolymers with various hydrophilic functional groups such as acid, amide, pyridine, and quaternary amine were utilized. Effects on the pressure drop or nanoparticle filtration efficiency can then easily be attributed to the corresponding functional group. UV-light was used to induce cross-linking in the membranes, which subsequently surpassed the mechanical stability of commonly used hydrophobic membranes. A maximum tensile-stress of up to 11.6 MPa was obtained, whereby an optimization of at least 22% was achieved. Moreover, these cross-links reduce fiber swelling by a maximum of 26%. The membrane potential depends on the different functional groups and their incorporation number from 10 to 50 mol %. Successful gold nanoparticle (AuNP) filtration in flow mode was demonstrated and highlighted the outstanding membrane properties and selectivity. The Nplus membrane achieved 100% filtration efficiency over a duration of 6 min, surpassing the Pyr membrane's performance. This was attributed to the ionic interaction of the Nplus membrane, in contrast with the physical adsorption of the Pyr membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Müller
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
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54
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Adam V, Wu Q, Nowack B. Integrated dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis of engineered materials in all European countries. NANOIMPACT 2021; 22:100312. [PMID: 35559969 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Uncertainties remain regarding the potential environmental risks of engineered nanomaterials, reflecting missing information on both the exposure and the hazard sides. Probabilistic material flow analysis (PMFA) is a useful exposure assessment tool that maps the flows of a substance through its lifecycle towards the environment, taking into account the uncertainties associated with the input data. In the last years, several refinements have been made to the original PMFA method, increasing its complexity with respect to systems dynamics, fate during recycling and reprocessing and forms of release. In this work, an integrated dynamic probabilistic material flow analysis (IDPMFA) was developed that combines all separate advancements of the method in one overarching software code. The new method was used to assess the forms in which nano-Ag, nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO are released into air, soils and surface water. Each European country (EU28, Norway and Switzerland) was studied from the year 2000 to the year 2020. The present model includes new assessments of the forms in which nano-ZnO is released into the environment and of the flows out of reprocessing (last step of recycling) of nano-Ag, nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO towards both technical and environmental compartments. The forms of ZnO released to different compartments vary greatly with different proportions between pristine, dissolved, matrix-embedded and transformed forms. The same applies for the forms of the other ENMs released after reprocessing, where different processes result in very different distributions between the various forms. The country-specific assessment showed that it is mainly the different solid waste treatment schemes that influence the distribution to final environmental sinks. Overall, the results of IDPMFA show the great importance of considering the full life cycle of nanoproducts including the different stages of recycling, the differences between countries, and the forms of the released materials. The results from the integrated model will provide useful input information for environmental fate models and for environmental risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Adam
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technologies, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Qie Wu
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technologies, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technologies, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Xiao X, Ma XL, Han X, Wu LJ, Liu C, Yu HQ. TiO 2 photoexcitation promoted horizontal transfer of resistance genes mediated by phage transduction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:144040. [PMID: 33341633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution caused by antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has attracted wide concerns, and various approaches have been proposed to control ARGs dissemination. TiO2 photoexcitation under UV irradiation has been used for such a purpose. But the actual UV intensity is insufficient to trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the aqueous environment. Thus, it is interesting to know how mild photoexcitation of TiO2 with low-intensity UV affects the horizontal transfer of ARGs. In this work, the impact of TiO2 photoexcitation on the transductant efficiency of constructed filamentous phage gM13 to its host Escherichia coli TG1 was investigated. Although individual treatment with nano-TiO2 and UV irradiation both improved the phage infection, TiO2 photoexcitation exhibited a clear synergistic promotion effect. However, excessive UV irradiation resulted in a decrease in transductant formation, implying severe oxidative damage to the phage and bacterial cells. Extracellular ROS produced by moderate photoexcitation of TiO2 could increase the outer membrane permeability, which facilitated phage infection. The increase in pili synthesis induced by intracellular ROS provided more sites for phage recognition and invasion in the presence of TiO2 photoexcitation, which contributed to the transduction process. Our work provides a novel insight into the impact of TiO2 photoexcitation on ARGs diffusion and is helpful for better understanding non-toxic environmental effect of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Ma
- School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Li-Jun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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56
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Scola S, Blasco J, Campana O. "Nanosize effect" in the metal-handling strategy of the bivalve Scrobicularia plana exposed to CuO nanoparticles and copper ions in whole-sediment toxicity tests. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143886. [PMID: 33340740 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To date, the occurrence, fate and toxicity of metal-based NPs in the environment is under investigated. Their unique physicochemical, biological and optical properties, responsible for their advantageous application, make them intrinsically different from their bulk counterpart, raising the issue of their potential toxic specificity or "nanosize effect". The aim of this study was to investigate copper bioaccumulation, subcellular distribution and toxic effect in the marine benthic species Scrobicularia plana exposed to two forms of sediment-associated copper, as nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and as soluble ions (CuCl2). Results showed that the exposure to different copper forms activated specific organism's metal handling strategies. Clams bioaccumulated soluble copper at higher concentrations than those exposed to sediment spiked with CuO NPs. Moreover, CuO NPs exposure elicited a stronger detoxification response mediated by a prompt mobilization of CuO NPs to metal-containing granules as well as a delayed induction of MT-like proteins, which conversely, sequestered soluble copper since the beginning of the exposure at levels significantly different from the control. Eventually, exposure to high concentrations of either copper form led to the same acute toxic effect (100% mortality) but the outcome was delayed in bivalves exposed to CuO NPs suggesting that the mechanisms underlying toxicity were copper form-specific. Indeed, while most of soluble copper was associated to the mitochondrial fraction suggesting an impairment of the ATP synthesis capacity at mitochondrial level, CuO NPs toxicity was most likely caused by the oxidative stress mediated by their bioaccumulation in the enzymatic and mitochondrial metabolically available fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Scola
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera - Instituto sde Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Julián Blasco
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera - Instituto sde Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Olivia Campana
- Universidad de Cádiz, INMAR, Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
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57
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Finding Nano: Challenges Involved in Monitoring the Presence and Fate of Engineered Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Aquatic Environments. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has increasingly been used as an inorganic ultraviolet (UV) filter for sun protection. However, nano-TiO2 may also pose risks to the health of humans and the environment. Thus, to adequately assess its potential adverse effects, a comprehensive understanding of the behaviour and fate of TiO2 in different environments is crucial. Advances in analytical and modelling methods continue to improve researchers’ ability to quantify and determine the state of nano-TiO2 in various environments. However, due to the complexity of environmental and nanoparticle factors and their interplay, this remains a challenging and poorly resolved feat. This paper aims to provide a focused summary of key particle and environmental characteristics that influence the behaviour and fate of sunscreen-derived TiO2 in swimming pool water and natural aquatic environments and to review the current state-of-the-art of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) approaches to detect and characterise TiO2 nanoparticles in aqueous media. Furthermore, it critically analyses the capability of existing fate and transport models to predict environmental TiO2 levels. Four particle and environmental key factors that govern the fate and behaviour of TiO2 in aqueous environments are identified. A comparison of SP-ICP-MS studies reveals that it remains challenging to detect and characterise engineered TiO2 nanoparticles in various matrices and highlights the need for the development of new SP-ICP-MS pre-treatment and analysis approaches. This review shows that modelling studies are an essential addition to experimental studies, but they still lack in spatial and temporal resolution and mostly exclude surface transformation processes. Finally, this study identifies the use of Bayesian Network-based models as an underexplored but promising modelling tool to overcome data uncertainties and incorporates interconnected variables.
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58
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Lammel T, Thit A, Cui X, Mouneyrac C, Baun A, Valsami-Jones E, Sturve J, Selck H. Dietary uptake and effects of copper in Sticklebacks at environmentally relevant exposures utilizing stable isotope-labeled 65CuCl 2 and 65CuO NPs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143779. [PMID: 33279190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) accumulating in sediment can be taken up by invertebrates that serve as prey for fish. Thus, it is likely that the latter are exposed to CuO NPs via the gut. However, to this day it is unknown if CuO NPs can be taken up via the gastrointestinal tract and if and in which tissues/organs they accumulate. To address this knowledge gap, we synthesized CuO NPs enriched in the stable isotope 65Cu and incorporated them at low concentration (5 μg 65Cu g-1 ww food) into a practical diet prepared from worm homogenate, which was then fed to Three-spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) for 16 days. For comparison, fish were exposed to a diet spiked with a 65CuCl2 solution. Background Cu and newly taken up 65Cu in fish tissues/organs including gill, stomach, intestine, liver, spleen, gonad and carcass and feces were quantified by ICP-MS. In addition, expression levels of genes encoding for proteins related to Cu uptake, detoxification and toxicity (ctr-1, gcl, gr, gpx, sod-1, cat, mta and zo-1) were measured in selected tissues using RT-qPCR. The obtained results showed that feces of fish fed 65CuO NP-spiked diet contained important amounts of 65Cu. Furthermore, there was no significant accumulation of 65Cu in any of the analyzed internal organs, though 65Cu levels were slightly elevated in liver. No significant modulation in gene expression was measured in fish exposed to 65CuO NP-spiked diet, except for metallothionein, which was significantly upregulated in intestinal tissue compared to control fish. Altogether, our results suggests that dietary absorption efficiency of CuO NPs, their uptake across the gastrointestinal barrier into the organism, and effects on Cu-related genes is limited at low, environmentally relevant exposure doses (0.2 μg 65Cu -1 fish ww day-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Lammel
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Amalie Thit
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark
| | - Xianjin Cui
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anders Baun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Eugenia Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Sturve
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henriette Selck
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark
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59
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Zheng Y, Nowack B. Size-Specific, Dynamic, Probabilistic Material Flow Analysis of Titanium Dioxide Releases into the Environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2392-2402. [PMID: 33541069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Most of the existing exposure models for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) do not consider particle size, crystalline forms, and coating materials that all may influence the material's fate, transport, and toxicity. Our work aimed to incorporate particle size distributions into a material flow analysis (MFA) to develop a size-specific, dynamic, probabilistic MFA model (ss-DPMFA). Using titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a first case study, we aimed to determine the contribution of conventional TiO2 pigments to the total amount of nanoscale TiO2 released into the environment. Besides providing information on mass flows, the new model used particle size distributions and crystalline forms to describe the stocks and flows of TiO2. The most striking modeling result to emerge was that before TiO2 ENMs came onto the market as such in 2000, 22,400 tons of nanosized (<100 nm) TiO2 particles had already been released into the environment, originating from conventional TiO2 pigments. Even in 2016, 50% of the nanosized TiO2 particles released into wastewater came from the nanosized fraction of TiO2 particles in pigments. Quantitative data on the particle size distribution of TiO2 particles released into the environment can be used as input for environmental fate models. Our new ss-DPMFA model's additional insights about crystalline forms and coatings could pave the way for advanced size- and form-specific hazard and risk assessments for other nanomaterials in ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Zheng
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technologies, Technology and Society Lab, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technologies, Technology and Society Lab, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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60
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Ahamed A, Liang L, Lee MY, Bobacka J, Lisak G. Too small to matter? Physicochemical transformation and toxicity of engineered nTiO 2, nSiO 2, nZnO, carbon nanotubes, and nAg. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124107. [PMID: 33035908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) refer to a relatively novel class of materials that are increasingly prevalent in various consumer products and industrial applications - most notably for their superlative physicochemical properties when compared with conventional materials. However, consumer products inevitably degrade over the course of their lifetime, releasing ENMs into the environment. These ENMs undergo physicochemical transformations and subsequently accumulate in the environment, possibly leading to various toxic effects. As a result, a significant number of studies have focused on identifying the possible transformations and environmental risks of ENMs, with the objective of ensuring a safe and responsible application of ENMs in consumer products. This review aims to consolidate the results from previous studies related to each stage of the pathway of ENMs from being embodied in a product to disintegration/transformation in the environment. The scope of this work was defined to include the five most prevalent ENMs based on recent projected production market data, namely: nTiO2, nSiO2, nZnO, carbon nanotubes, and nAg. The review focuses on: (i) models developed to estimate environmental concentrations of ENMs; (ii) the possible physicochemical transformations; (iii) cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects specific to each ENM selected; and (iv) a discussion to identify potential gaps in the studies conducted and recommend areas where further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiq Ahamed
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Lili Liang
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore
| | - Ming Yang Lee
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Johan Bobacka
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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61
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Saleh AM, Hassan YM, Habeeb TH, Alkhalaf AA, Hozzein WN, Selim S, AbdElgawad H. Interactive effects of mercuric oxide nanoparticles and future climate CO 2 on maize plant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123849. [PMID: 33113748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
So far, the phytotoxic hazards of nano-sized mercuric oxide (HgO-NPs) are not investigated. Herein, the phytotoxicity of fully characterized HgO-NPs (100 mg/kg soil), prepared by coprecipitation method, on maize grown under ambient (aCO2, 410 ppm) and elevated CO2 (eCO2, 620 ppm) was investigated. Regardless of CO2 concentration, HgO-NPs treatment increased Hg levels in maize organs. HgO-NPs induced severe oxidative stress in aCO2 grown plants as indicated by reduced growth and photosynthesis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), through photorespiration and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activities, and lipid and protein oxidation products. Although HgO-NPs increased molecular (polyphenols, flavonoids, tocopherols) and enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase) antioxidants in shoots of aCO2 plants, but this failed to fight the eruption of increased ROS. On contrary, eCO2 treatment mitigated the HgO-NPs impact by promoting photosynthesis and reducing the Hg-induced ROS production. Moreover, eCO2 promoted ROS detoxification via molecular antioxidants overproduction, enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidases activities, and modulation of reduced ascorbate/oxidized ascorbate and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione homeostasis. The combined HgO-NPs + eCO2 treatment also enhanced the glutathione-S-transferase activity. This study suggests that HgO-NPs cause severe phytotoxic hazards and this effect will be less detrimental under future CO2 climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser M Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Talaat H Habeeb
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej A Alkhalaf
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. 2014, Jouf, Saudi Arabia; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, P.O. 41522, Egypt
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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62
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Little S, Johnston HJ, Stone V, Fernandes TF. Acute waterborne and chronic sediment toxicity of silver and titanium dioxide nanomaterials towards the oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus. NANOIMPACT 2021; 21:100291. [PMID: 35559780 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of silver (Ag) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials (NMs) in industrial processes and consumer products has experienced considerable growth since the late 20th century. Throughout their lifecycle, both Ag NM and TiO2NM are released into the environment, with benthic systems anticipated to be the final sink. Their potential toxicity towards benthic species is therefore of major concern. This study investigated the toxicity of silver (Ag; NM-300 K) and titanium dioxide (TiO2; NM-104) NMs to the freshwater oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus in acute (0-96-h) waterborne and chronic (28-d) sediment studies. Toxicity was investigated via assessment of mortality, behaviour, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The 96-h LC50 for Ag NMs in water was 0.51 mg/l (95% CI, 0.45-0.56), with L. variegatus displaying inhibited predation-avoidance behaviour compared to controls (6.66 ± 10%) successful response at 24-h), as well as significant increases (p < 0.05) in catalase (CAT) activity at sub-lethal concentrations at 24-h. Behavioural improvement and the return of antioxidant enzymes to control levels was observed after 48 and 72-h. AgNO3 exposure proved more toxic than Ag NM (96-h LC50 = 0.034 mg/l, 95% CI, 0.031-0.037) but resulted in no changes to antioxidant enzymes following sub-lethal exposure. Furthermore, Ag dissolution from Ag NM (~2-4%) could not account for the full extent of toxicity observed, suggesting a nano-specific effect. Increased environmental relevance via the inclusion of Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA, 5 mg/l) alleviated sub-lethal Ag NM toxicity despite a comparable 96-h LC50 (0.54 mg/l, 95% CI, 0.51-0.57). Significant effects of Ag NMs in formulated sediments (mortality, biomass) were only recorded according to OECD 225 at the highest test concentration (1333 mg/kg) for Ag NM indicating a potential attenuating effect of sediments towards toxicity. No toxicity was observed for TiO2 NM in aquatic or sediment exposures up to concentrations of 2000 mg/l and 1333 mg/kg, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Little
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom.
| | - Helinor J Johnston
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom.
| | - Vicki Stone
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom.
| | - Teresa F Fernandes
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom.
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Pavlicek A, Part F, Rose G, Praetorius A, Miernicki M, Gazsó A, Huber-Humer M. A European nano-registry as a reliable database for quantitative risk assessment of nanomaterials? A comparison of national approaches. NANOIMPACT 2021; 21:100276. [PMID: 35559789 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that nanomaterials have been in use for decades and chemicals legislation is largely harmonised within the EU, quantitative and safety-relevant information on nanomaterials is still scarce. In particular, information about production volumes, their unique physicochemical properties (size, specific surface area, etc.) and nanomaterial exposure, which may lead to adverse effects on human health and the environment, is still lacking. While the latest amendments of the REACH Annexes have led to certain improvements, a harmonised EU-wide nano-registry would provide additional quantitative data for risk assessment but is not foreseeable for the near future. Since the European Commission, the European Parliament and some member states take contrasting approaches to the regulation of nanomaterials, France, Belgium, Denmark, Sweden and Norway (as a country of the European Economic Area), launched national mandatory reporting systems to collect quantitative information, thus fostering early risk assessment of nanomaterials. In this study, we compare national registries - based on a literature review and expert interviews - and show differences between the regulations under the respective national laws and REACH regulation. These include, for instance, thresholds for notification and level of detail on the specification of the nanomaterial, mixture and/or product, the definition of exceptions for the requirement to register and the timing of registration. As this heterogenous regulatory framework hinders comparability and potentially creates trade barriers, we argue that a harmonised EU-wide nano-registry would substantially improve the current situation by promoting the safe and sustainable handling of nanomaterials, increasing transparency and trust, and consequently nurturing innovation. Such an EU-wide nano-registry should both cover nanomaterials as substances or mixtures, such as in REACH registration, and the semi-/finished products they will be used in, since the exposure, and thus the hazardous potential of released nanomaterials during their life cycle, depends largely on the scope of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pavlicek
- Department of Water-Atmosphere-Environment, Institute of Waste Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 107, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Technology Assessment, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Apostelgasse 23, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Part
- Department of Water-Atmosphere-Environment, Institute of Waste Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 107, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11/II, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gloria Rose
- Institute of Technology Assessment, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Apostelgasse 23, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonia Praetorius
- Department of Ecosystem & Landscape Dynamics, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Miernicki
- Institute of Law, Faculty of Business, Economics and Statistics, University of Vienna, Oskar-Morgenstern-Platz, 1A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - André Gazsó
- Institute of Technology Assessment, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Apostelgasse 23, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Huber-Humer
- Department of Water-Atmosphere-Environment, Institute of Waste Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 107, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Wheeler RM, Lower SK. A meta-analysis framework to assess the role of units in describing nanoparticle toxicity. NANOIMPACT 2021; 21:100277. [PMID: 35559769 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite ample research on nanoparticles, their environmental toxicity is still debatable. The lack of consensus is due in part to the challenge of comparing studies because of variability in parameters like test organism, test medium, and duration of experiment. However, the unit used to compare the toxicology of nanoparticles is one variable that experimentalists can control. Traditionally, mass per volume is the most common unit used to make comparisons, but there is growing evidence that alternative units such as surface area per volume or particles per volume may provide a better and more mechanistic measure of toxicity. Herein, we propose and test a meta-analytic framework to study the effect of units on nanotoxicology using data from the NanoE-Tox database, a freely available database containing 1518 toxicology values from 224 published articles of which 42 records met our basic inclusion criteria. These data were augmented with more recent data published over the past five years as archived by the Web of Science citation index. An additional 27 records from 1676 papers met the inclusion criteria and were also included in the analysis. The meta-analysis framework measures the degree of heterogeneity for each of three units (grams/L, particles/L, surface area/L) grouped by the type of test organism, particle chemistry, and manner in which a nanoparticle's size was measured (e.g., nominal particle size reported by the manufacturer vs. measurement of size for particles suspended in the liquid medium used in a subsequent toxicity experiment). The result of the meta-analysis reveals that surface area per volume reduces the heterogeneity in the Ag crustacean subgroup when nanoparticle size was measured in the test medium, and the ZnO crustacean subgroup when nanoparticle size was measured out the test medium and may therefore be a more appropriate estimate of the toxicity of soluble nanoparticles. No subgroups in our analysis showed a reduction in heterogeneity for particles per volume in either soluble or insoluble nanoparticles. The lack of conclusion on insoluble nanoparticles was not due to a limitation of our meta-analysis but rather highlights a critical deficiency in the primary literature. The majority of published studies fail to report common measures of error that are essential for further analysis (i.e. error of the measured nanoparticle size and/or interoperable error of the measured half-maximal concentration of the toxic endpoint). If future nanotoxicity studies report such error, as they should, then the framework of our meta-analysis could be used more broadly to provide a simple, statistically rigorous way to assess the role of units on the toxicity of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Wheeler
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
| | - Steven K Lower
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
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Swart E, Goodall T, Kille P, Spurgeon DJ, Svendsen C. The earthworm microbiome is resilient to exposure to biocidal metal nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115633. [PMID: 33254656 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution can disrupt the interactions between animals and their symbiotic bacteria, which can lead to adverse effects on the host even in the absence of direct chemical toxicity. It is therefore crucial to understand how environmental pollutants affect animal microbiomes, especially for those chemicals that are designed to target microbes. Here, we study the effects of two biocidal nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag and CuO) on the soil bacterial community and the resident gut microbiome of the earthworm Eisenia fetida over a 28-day period using metabarcoding techniques. Exposures to NPs were conducted following OECD test guidelines and effects on earthworm reproduction and juvenile biomass were additionally recorded in order to compare effects on the host to effects on microbiomes. By employing a full concentration series, we were able to link pollutants to microbiome effects in high resolution. Multivariate analysis, differential abundance analysis and species sensitivity distribution analysis showed that Ag-NPs are more toxic to soil bacteria than CuO-NPs. In contrast to the strong effects of CuO-NPs and Ag-NPs on the soil bacterial community, the earthworm gut microbiome is largely resilient to exposure to biocidal NPs. Despite this buffering effect, CuO-NPs did negatively affect the relative abundance of some earthworm symbionts, including 'Candidatus Lumbricincola'. Changes in the soil bacterial community and the earthworm microbiome occur at total copper concentrations often found or modelled to occur in agricultural fields, demonstrating that soil bacterial communities and individual taxa in the earthworm microbiome may be at risk from environmental copper exposure including in nanomaterial form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmer Swart
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building Benson Lane, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom.
| | - Tim Goodall
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building Benson Lane, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Kille
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - David J Spurgeon
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building Benson Lane, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Svendsen
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building Benson Lane, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom.
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Zhang W, Jia X, Chen S, Wang J, Ji R, Zhao L. Response of soil microbial communities to engineered nanomaterials in presence of maize (Zea mays L.) plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115608. [PMID: 33254627 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the intended application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in agriculture, accurate assessment the effect of these ENMs on soil microbial communities is especially necessary. Here, maize plants were cultivated in soil amended by SiO2, TiO2, and Fe3O4 ENMs (100 mg kg-1 soil) for four weeks. The impact of ENMs on bacterial community structure of the rhizosphere soil was investigated by using high-throughput sequencing. In addition, metabolites of maize rhizosphere soil were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based metabolomics. We found that the disturbance of ENMs on soil microbes are in the follow of Fe3O4>TiO2>SiO2. Exposure of Fe3O4 ENMs significantly reduced the abundance of nitrogen-fixation related bacteria Bradyrhizobiaceae (from 2.94% to 2.40%) and iron-redox bacteria Sediminibacterium (from 2.15% to 2.07%). Additionally, Fe3O4 ENMs significantly increased populations of Nocardioides (from 1.63% to 1.77%), Chitinophaga sancti (from 1.12% to 2.08%), Pantoea (from 1.31% to 2.22%), Rhizobiumand (from 1.41% to 1.74%) and Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia (from 1.50% to 2.09%), which are associated with carbon cycling and plant growth promoting. This study provides a perspective on the response of rhizosphere microbial community and low molecular weight metabolites to ENMs exposure, providing a comprehensive understanding of the environmental risk of ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaorong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Si Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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67
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Tradeoff between risks through ingestion of nanoparticle contaminated water or fish: Human health perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140140. [PMID: 32927548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a framework (termed as "nanoHealthRisk" hereafter) for incorporating i) interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with fishes, ii) availability of NPs to the human digestive system, and iii) estimation of health risk due to fish consumption and inadvertent ingestion of NP-contaminated surface water, for the first time as per the literature review. The framework was applied for estimating health risks due to hypothetical exposures of pristine ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs (without any surface functionalization) from fish tissues. Values of bio- concentration factors (BCF) of ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs in fish and model distributions of bio-assimilation factor of ZnO, CuO and TiO2 NPs in the human digestive system were incorporated explicitly in the risk assessment of NPs for the first time. ZnO NP was observed to be transferred more to the human digestive system from aqueous matrix than the other two NPs. Maximum allowable values of NP posing no risk were found to be 0.115 mg/L, 0.152 mg/L, and 1.77 × 107 mg/L for pristine ZnO, CuO and TiO2 NP, respectively. At the environmental concentration range, exposures of studied NPs from aquatic environment under the assumptions used did not pose any health risk under the conditions studied in this study. More work is required to (1) Estimate bio-concentration factors of a mixture of NPs with other constituents in fish tissues, (2) Estimate dissolution of NP from fish tissue in human digestive media, (3) Generate new data to develop reference dose of NP for human health risk assessment, and (4) Study effect of NP fate in the water on health risk through fish consumption pathway. Until all above-mentioned aspects are not explicitly incorporated in the risk assessment framework, risk estimates do not represent the risk from environment completely. Thus, continuous monitoring of these NPs in the environment is required to protect health due to chronic exposure of small concentrations of NPs from an aqueous matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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68
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Parsai T, Kumar A. Stability and characterization of mixture of three particle system containing ZnO-CuO nanoparticles and clay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140095. [PMID: 32927543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to understand heteroaggregation of mixture of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) with clay, for the first time as per the authors' knowledge. Aggregation studies of mixture of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles with clay was done (ionic strength =5 mM; pH 7; nanoparticles concentration = 0.1 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L; Clay concentration = 1, 10, and 100 mg/L and HA concentration = 0.1,1, and 10 mg/L as total organic carbon). Critical coagulation concentration (CCC) and attachment efficiency values of suspensions with ZnO: CuO ratio = 0.1, 1, 10 were also determined. Aggregation and liquid portions of mixture suspension at equal mass ratio were characterized for size, zeta potential (ZP), metal and ion contents, pH and conductivity. Results indicated that CCC was found to be 120.7 mM for ZnO: CuO ratio 10 and 1144 mM for ZnO: CuO ratio 1. Values of attachment efficiency were obtained to be 0.9 and 0.8 for these two ZnO:CuO ratio. At natural water ionic strength (IS) condition, aggregate rate constant of mixture of particles ranged from 0.281 to 8.63 nm/min for 10 mg/L NP concentration. Aggregation in suspension containing mixture of particles was found to be affected by NP concentration, clay concentration, and humic acid (p < 0.05). During a 1-h aggregation study, 2.67 mg Cu metal/g aggregate and 0.38 mg Zn/g aggregate were found in aggregates of 5 mM suspension. Overall, this study provided information on aggregation characterization of mixture of metal oxide nanoparticles (ZnO and CuO) in HA and clay presence, which is useful in understanding aggregation formation and in characterizing exposure dose for environmental risk assessment. More detailed information on a three -particle system with natural colloids is required for predicting their fate in aquatic system and defining risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Parsai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Roma J, Matos AR, Vinagre C, Duarte B. Engineered metal nanoparticles in the marine environment: A review of the effects on marine fauna. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 161:105110. [PMID: 32977204 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing awareness of how damaging pollutants in the marine environment can be, however information on the effects of metal engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) on marine biota is still insufficient, despite an exponential rising in related publications in recent years. In order to provide an integrated insight on the present state of the art on metal ENP-related ecotoxicology studies on marine fauna, this review aimed to: (i) highlight the means of toxicity of metal ENPs in the marine environment, (ii) identify the principal biotic and abiotic factors that may alter metal ENP toxicity, and (iii) analyse and categorize results of these studies, including accumulation, molecular and histological biomarkers, genotoxicity and behavioural changes. Data retrieved from Scopus yielded 134 studies that met pre-established criteria. Most often, the target ENPs were titanium, zinc, copper or silver, and most studies (61.2%) focused on the phylum Mollusca. The degree of toxicity of metal ENPs was often dependent on the concentrations tested, length of exposure and the type of tissue sampled. Effects from simple tissue accumulation to DNA damage or behavioural alterations were identified, even when concentrations below environmentally available levels were used. It is proposed that other phyla besides the traditional Mollusca (and within it Bivalvia) should be used more often in this kind of studies, that exact pathways of toxicity be further explored, and lastly that co-stressors be used in order to best mimic conditions observed in nature. In this review, the current knowledge on engineered metal nanoparticles and their effects on marine fauna was summarized, highlighting present knowledge gaps. Guidelines for future studies focusing on under-developed subjects in ENP toxicology are also briefly provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Roma
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Rita Matos
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Vinagre
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Svendsen C, Walker LA, Matzke M, Lahive E, Harrison S, Crossley A, Park B, Lofts S, Lynch I, Vázquez-Campos S, Kaegi R, Gogos A, Asbach C, Cornelis G, von der Kammer F, van den Brink NW, Mays C, Spurgeon DJ. Key principles and operational practices for improved nanotechnology environmental exposure assessment. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:731-742. [PMID: 32807878 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is identified as a key enabling technology due to its potential to contribute to economic growth and societal well-being across industrial sectors. Sustainable nanotechnology requires a scientifically based and proportionate risk governance structure to support innovation, including a robust framework for environmental risk assessment (ERA) that ideally builds on methods established for conventional chemicals to ensure alignment and avoid duplication. Exposure assessment developed as a tiered approach is equally beneficial to nano-specific ERA as for other classes of chemicals. Here we present the developing knowledge, practical considerations and key principles need to support exposure assessment for engineered nanomaterials for regulatory and research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Svendsen
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Lee A Walker
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Marianne Matzke
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Elma Lahive
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Samuel Harrison
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Alison Crossley
- Department of Materials, Oxford University, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Stephen Lofts
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Ralf Kaegi
- EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Gogos
- EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christof Asbach
- Department of Air Quality and Filtration, Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA), Duisburg, Germany
| | - Geert Cornelis
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Nico W van den Brink
- Sub-department of Toxicology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - David J Spurgeon
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK.
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Schwirn K, Voelker D, Galert W, Quik J, Tietjen L. Environmental Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials in the Light of New Obligations Under the REACH Regulation: Which Challenges Remain and How to Approach Them? INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2020; 16:706-717. [PMID: 32175661 PMCID: PMC7497025 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Within the European regulation on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH, EC No 1907/2006) specific provisions for nanomaterials were included, which have become effective on 1 January 2020. Although knowledge on the peculiarities of testing and assessing fate and effects of nanomaterials in the environment strongly increased in the last years, uncertainties about how to perform a reliable and robust environmental risk assessment for nanomaterials still remain. These uncertainties are of special relevance in a regulatory context, challenging both industry and regulators. The present paper presents current challenges in regulatory hazard and exposure assessment under REACH, as well as classification of nanomaterials, and makes proposals to address them. Still, the nanospecific considerations made here are expected to also be valid for environmental risk assessment approaches in other regulations of chemical safety. Inter alia, these proposals include a way forward to account for exposure concentrations in aquatic toxicity test systems, a discussion of how to account for availability of dissolving nanomaterials in aquatic test systems, and a pragmatic proposal to deduce effect data for soil organisms. Furthermore, it specifies how to potentially deal with nanoforms under the European regulation on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of substances and mixtures (CLP) and outlines the needs for proper exposure assessments of nanomaterials from a regulatory perspective. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:706-717. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doris Voelker
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau RoßlauGermany
| | - Wiebke Galert
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau RoßlauGermany
| | - Joris Quik
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoventhe Netherlands
| | - Lars Tietjen
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau RoßlauGermany
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Luo Z, Li Z, Xie Z, Sokolova IM, Song L, Peijnenburg WJGM, Hu M, Wang Y. Rethinking Nano-TiO 2 Safety: Overview of Toxic Effects in Humans and Aquatic Animals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002019. [PMID: 32761797 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2 ) are widely used in consumer products, raising environmental and health concerns. An overview of the toxic effects of nano-TiO2 on human and environmental health is provided. A meta-analysis is conducted to analyze the toxicity of nano-TiO2 to the liver, circulatory system, and DNA in humans. To assess the environmental impacts of nano-TiO2 , aquatic environments that receive high nano-TiO2 inputs are focused on, and the toxicity of nano-TiO2 to aquatic organisms is discussed with regard to the present and predicted environmental concentrations. Genotoxicity, damage to membranes, inflammation and oxidative stress emerge as the main mechanisms of nano-TiO2 toxicity. Furthermore, nano-TiO2 can bind with free radicals and signal molecules, and interfere with the biochemical reactions on plasmalemma. At the higher organizational level, nano-TiO2 toxicity is manifested as the negative effects on fitness-related organismal traits including feeding, reproduction and immunity in aquatic organisms. Bibliometric analysis reveals two major research hot spots including the molecular mechanisms of toxicity of nano-TiO2 and the combined effects of nano-TiO2 and other environmental factors such as light and pH. The possible measures to reduce the harmful effects of nano-TiO2 on humans and non-target organisms has emerged as an underexplored topic requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhuoqing Li
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhe Xie
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, 18051, Germany
- Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, 18051, Germany
| | - Lan Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, RA, 2300, The Netherlands
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, BA, 3720, The Netherlands
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
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73
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Tao M, Keller AA. ChemFate: A fate and transport modeling framework for evaluating radically different chemicals under comparable conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:126897. [PMID: 32402873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-increasing development on novel chemicals and materials, with radically different properties and environmental behavior, it is challenging to compare their environmental behavior under similar conditions. For example, pesticides may be non-ionizable organics, ionizable organics, metal ion-based, or nanomaterials. These very different chemicals behave very differently. To date, no single modeling platform can handle all adequately, in a dynamic framework that accounts for actual variability in meteorology, rates of release to the environment, and the actual characteristics of the region of interest. Here we present ChemFate, a framework to address this challenge, by incorporating four different fate and transport models, each to address these four classes of chemicals (non-ionizable organics, ionizable organics, metal ion-based, or nanomaterials). We build upon established models, but have incorporated a number of additional processes. After demonstrating that the individual models comparable favorably with observed data and the previous models, under similar conditions, we conducted a case study with four radically different fungicides, used in the Central Valley, California. We found that although the concentrations of the non-ionizable and ionizable organic fungicide spike after application and temporarily may exceed toxicity thresholds for Daphnia Magna, they do not accumulate over time, while the metal ion and metallic nanoparticle result in increasing accumulation of Cu2+, eventually exceeding the toxicity threshold during runoff events. This case study demonstrates the value of a framework that allows the comparison of different classes of chemicals under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Tao
- Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Arturo A Keller
- Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
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74
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Liu X, Xie L, Liu Y, Zhao P, Han Y, Cheng S, Bai X, Li Y. Rapid preparation of highly stable ZnO-CeO2/CF cathode by one-step electro-deposition for efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin in electro-Fenton system. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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75
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Spurgeon DJ, Lahive E, Schultz CL. Nanomaterial Transformations in the Environment: Effects of Changing Exposure Forms on Bioaccumulation and Toxicity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000618. [PMID: 32402152 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the environment, nanomaterials (NMs) are subject to chemical transformations, such as redox reactions, dissolution, coating degradation, and organic matter, protein, and macromolecule binding, and physical transformations including homo or heteroagglomeration. The combination of these reactions can result in NMs with differing characteristics progressing through a functional fate pathway that leads to the formation of transformed NM functional fate groups with shared properties. To establish the nature of such effects of transformation on NMs, four main types of studies are conducted: 1) chemical aging for transformation of pristine NMs; 2) manipulation of test media to change NM surface properties; 3) aging of pristine NMs water, sediment, or soil; 4) NM aging in waste streams and natural environments. From these studies a paradigm of aging effects on NM uptake and toxicity can be developed. Transformation, especially speciation changes, largely results in reduced potency. Further reactions at the surface resulting in processes, such as ecocorona formation and heteroagglomeration may additionally reduce NM potency. When NMs of differing potency transform and enter environments, common transformation reaction occurring in receiving system may act to reduce the variation in hazard between different initial NMs leading to similar actual hazard under realistic exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Spurgeon
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Elma Lahive
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Carolin L Schultz
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
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76
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Fiorati A, Bellingeri A, Punta C, Corsi I, Venditti I. Silver Nanoparticles for Water Pollution Monitoring and Treatments: Ecosafety Challenge and Cellulose-Based Hybrids Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1635. [PMID: 32717864 PMCID: PMC7465245 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used as engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in many advanced nanotechnologies, due to their versatile, easy and cheap preparations combined with peculiar chemical-physical properties. Their increased production and integration in environmental applications including water treatment raise concerns for their impact on humans and the environment. An eco-design strategy that makes it possible to combine the best material performances with no risk for the natural ecosystems and living beings has been recently proposed. This review envisages potential hybrid solutions of AgNPs for water pollution monitoring and remediation to satisfy their successful, environmentally safe (ecosafe) application. Being extremely efficient in pollutants sensing and degradation, their ecosafe application can be achieved in combination with polymeric-based materials, especially with cellulose, by following an eco-design approach. In fact, (AgNPs)-cellulose hybrids have the double advantage of being easily produced using recycled material, with low costs and possible reuse, and of being ecosafe, if properly designed. An updated view of the use and prospects of these advanced hybrids AgNP-based materials is provided, which will surely speed their environmental application with consequent significant economic and environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fiorati
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Arianna Bellingeri
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences and INSTM Local Unit, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences and INSTM Local Unit, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University of Rome, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy
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77
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Suhendra E, Chang CH, Hou WC, Hsieh YC. A Review on the Environmental Fate Models for Predicting the Distribution of Engineered Nanomaterials in Surface Waters. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124554. [PMID: 32604975 PMCID: PMC7349326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure assessment is a key component in the risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). While direct and quantitative measurements of ENMs in complex environmental matrices remain challenging, environmental fate models (EFMs) can be used alternatively for estimating ENMs' distributions in the environment. This review describes and assesses the development and capability of EFMs, focusing on surface waters. Our review finds that current engineered nanomaterial (ENM) exposure models can be largely classified into three types: material flow analysis models (MFAMs), multimedia compartmental models (MCMs), and spatial river/watershed models (SRWMs). MFAMs, which is already used to derive predicted environmental concentrations (PECs), can be used to estimate the releases of ENMs as inputs to EFMs. Both MCMs and SRWMs belong to EFMs. MCMs are spatially and/or temporally averaged models, which describe ENM fate processes as intermedia transfer of well-mixed environmental compartments. SRWMs are spatiotemporally resolved models, which consider the variability in watershed and/or stream hydrology, morphology, and sediment transport of river networks. As the foundation of EFMs, we also review the existing and emerging ENM fate processes and their inclusion in recent EFMs. We find that while ENM fate processes, such as heteroaggregation and dissolution, are commonly included in current EFMs, few models consider photoreaction and sulfidation, evaluation of the relative importance of fate processes, and the fate of weathered/transformed ENMs. We conclude the review by identifying the opportunities and challenges in using EFMs for ENMs.
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78
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Bellani L, Siracusa G, Giorgetti L, Di Gregorio S, Ruffini Castiglione M, Spanò C, Muccifora S, Bottega S, Pini R, Tassi E. TiO 2 nanoparticles in a biosolid-amended soil and their implication in soil nutrients, microorganisms and Pisum sativum nutrition. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110095. [PMID: 31869714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The wide use of nanoparticles (NPs), gives concern about their possible negative implications in the environment and living organisms. In particular, titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs are accumulated in biosolids (Bs) coming from wastewater treatment plants, which in turn are used as farm soil amendments and are becoming an important way of NPs entrance in the terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, to simulate a low and cumulative load of TiO2 NPs, 80 and 800 mg TiO2per Kg of soil were spiked in the Bs prior to its addition to soil. The effects of different crystal phases of TiO2 NPs (pure anatase and pure rutile or their mixture) and their non-coated bulk counterparts (larger particles) on the availability of mineral nutrients and on the status of the bacterial communities together with the nutritional status of Pisum sativum L. plants were evaluated. Results showed the reduction, to different extents, on the availability of important soil mineral nutrients (e.g. Mn 65%, Fe 20%, P 27%, averagely), in some cases size- (e.g. P) and dose-dependent. Bacterial biodiversity was also affected by the presence of high TiO2 dose in soil. The mineral nutrition of pea plants was also altered, showing the main reduction in Mn (80% in the roots and 50% in the shoots), K, Zn, P (respectively, 80, 40, and 35% in the roots), and an increase of N in the shoots, with possible consequences on the quality of the crop. The present study gives new integrated data on the effects of TiO2 NPs in the soil-plant system, on the soil health and on the nutritional quality of crops, rising new implications for future policies and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Bellani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy; Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Siracusa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via L. Ghini, 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Giorgetti
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Di Gregorio
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via L. Ghini, 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Carmelina Spanò
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via L. Ghini, 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simonetta Muccifora
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Bottega
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via L. Ghini, 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Pini
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-CNR), Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eliana Tassi
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-CNR), Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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Blinova I, Muna M, Heinlaan M, Lukjanova A, Kahru A. Potential Hazard of Lanthanides and Lanthanide-Based Nanoparticles to Aquatic Ecosystems: Data Gaps, Challenges and Future Research Needs Derived from Bibliometric Analysis. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020328. [PMID: 32075069 PMCID: PMC7075196 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanides (Ln), applied mostly in the form of nanoparticles (NPs), are critical to emerging high-tech and green energy industries due to their distinct physicochemical properties. The resulting anthropogenic input of Ln and Ln-based NPs into aquatic environment might create a problem of emerging contaminants. Thus, information on the biological effects of Ln and Ln-based NPs is urgently needed for relevant environmental risk assessment. In this mini-review, we made a bibliometric survey on existing scientific literature with the main aim of identifying the most important data gaps on Ln and Ln-based nanoparticles' toxicity to aquatic biota. We report that the most studied Ln for ecotoxicity are Ce and Ln, whereas practically no information was found for Nd, Tb, Tm, and Yb. We also discuss the challenges of the research on Ln ecotoxicity, such as relevance of nominal versus bioavailable concentrations of Ln, and point out future research needs (long-term toxicity to aquatic biota and toxic effects of Ln to bottom-dwelling species).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Blinova
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; (I.B.); (M.M.); (M.H.); (A.L.)
| | - Marge Muna
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; (I.B.); (M.M.); (M.H.); (A.L.)
| | - Margit Heinlaan
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; (I.B.); (M.M.); (M.H.); (A.L.)
| | - Aljona Lukjanova
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; (I.B.); (M.M.); (M.H.); (A.L.)
| | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; (I.B.); (M.M.); (M.H.); (A.L.)
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Tallinn 10130, Kohtu 6, Estonia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +372-6398373
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80
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Lv B, Wang C, Hou J, Wang P, Miao L, Xing B. Development of a comprehensive understanding of aggregation-settling movement of CeO 2 nanoparticles in natural waters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113584. [PMID: 31733953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Parameters such as the settling rate, aggregation rate, and collision frequency in predictive models used to describe the fate of nanoparticles (NPs) are very important for the risk assessment of NPs in the environment. In this study, CeO2 NPs were chosen as the model particles to investigate such parameters through aggregation-settling experiments under environmentally relevant conditions. The results indicate that natural colloids (Ncs) have no effect on the settling of NPs in seawaters, whereas they stabilize the NPs at a low initial particle concentration and promote the heteroaggregation of NPs at a high initial particle concentration in lake waters. In all cases, a suspended sediment absorbs the NPs and Ncs as mixed aggregates, resulting in a rapid settling. Furthermore, the calculation results of the model indicate that the shear force increases the collision frequency of the NPs by 4-5 orders of magnitude higher than that in quiescent waters. However, the break-up effect by the shear force is more obvious, namely, the shear force hinders the aggregation of NPs in natural waters, instead of promoting aggregation. Remarkably, a negative value of the dis-heteroaggregation rate based on the combined von Smoluchowski-Stokes equation can reflect the hindering effect on the aggregation process. The results of this study will provide scientific and accurate guidance for the parameter selection in the existing prediction model and contribute to a prediction of the fate and transport of NPs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
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81
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Lekamge S, Ball AS, Shukla R, Nugegoda D. The Toxicity of Nanoparticles to Organisms in Freshwater. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 248:1-80. [PMID: 30413977 DOI: 10.1007/398_2018_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing industry yielding many benefits to society. However, aquatic environments are at risk as increasing amounts of nanoparticles (NPs) are contaminating waterbodies causing adverse effects on aquatic organisms. In this review, the impacts of environmental exposure to NPs, the influence of the physicochemical characteristics of NPs and the surrounding environment on toxicity and mechanisms of toxicity together with NP bioaccumulation and trophic transfer are assessed with a focus on their impacts on bacteria, algae and daphnids. We identify several gaps which need urgent attention in order to make sound decisions to protect the environment. These include uncertainty in both estimated and measured environmental concentrations of NPs for reliable risk assessment and for regulating the NP industry. In addition toxicity tests and risk assessment methodologies specific to NPs are still at the research and development stage. Also conflicting and inconsistent results on physicochemical characteristics and the fate and transport of NPs in the environment suggest the need for further research. Finally, improved understanding of the mechanisms of NP toxicity is crucial in risk assessment of NPs, since conventional toxicity tests may not reflect the risks associated with NPs. Behavioural effects may be more sensitive and would be efficient in certain situations compared with conventional toxicity tests due to low NP concentrations in field conditions. However, the development of such tests is still lacking, and further research is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Lekamge
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
| | - Andrew S Ball
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Nanobiotechnology Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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82
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Mei N, Hedberg J, Odnevall Wallinder I, Blomberg E. Influence of Biocorona Formation on the Transformation and Dissolution of Cobalt Nanoparticles under Physiological Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21778-21791. [PMID: 31891055 PMCID: PMC6933593 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt (Co) nanoparticles (NPs) are produced in different applications and unintentionally generated at several occupational and traffic settings. Their diffuse dispersion may lead to interactions with humans and aquatic organisms via different exposure routes that include their transformation/dissolution in biological media. This paper has investigated the particle stability and reactivity of Co NPs (dispersed by sonication prior to exposure) interacting with selected individual biomolecules (amino acids, polypeptides, and proteins) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). No or minor adsorption of amino acids (glutamine, glutamic acid, lysine, and cysteine) was observed on the Co NPs, independent of the functional group and charge. Instead, phosphate adsorption resulted in the formation of a surface layer (a corona) of Co phosphate. The adsorption of larger biomolecules (polyglutamic acid, polylysine, lysozyme, and mucin) was evident in parallel with the formation of Co phosphate. The dissolution of the Co NPs was rapid as 35-55% of the particle mass was dissolved within the first hour of exposure. The larger biomolecules suppressed the dissolution initially compared to exposure in PBS only, whereas the dissolution was essentially unaffected by the presence of amino acids, with cysteine as an exception. The formation of Co phosphate on the NP surface reduced the protective properties of the surface oxide of the Co NPs, as seen from the increased levels of the released Co when compared with the nonphosphate-containing saline. The results underline the diversity of possible outcomes with respect to surface characteristics and dissolution of Co NPs in biological media and emphasize the importance of surface interactions with phosphate on the NP characteristics and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxuan Mei
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Stockholm 114 28, Sweden
| | - Jonas Hedberg
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Stockholm 114 28, Sweden
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Stockholm 114 28, Sweden
| | - Eva Blomberg
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Stockholm 114 28, Sweden
- Division
Bioscience and Materials, RISE Research
Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm 111 21, Sweden
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83
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Nanoparticle-Biological Interactions in a Marine Benthic Foraminifer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19441. [PMID: 31857637 PMCID: PMC6923483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) in marine environments have recently attracted great attention although their effects on marine benthic organisms such as foraminifera are still largely overlooked. Here we document the effects of three negatively charged ENM, different in size and composition, titanium dioxide (TiO2), polystyrene (PS) and silicon dioxide (SiO2), on a microbial eukaryote (the benthic foraminifera Ammonia parkinsoniana) using multiple approaches. This research clearly shows the presence, within the foraminiferal cytoplasm, of metallic (Ti) and organic (PS) ENM that promote physiological stress. Specifically, marked increases in the accumulation of neutral lipids and enhanced reactive oxygen species production occurred in ENM-treated specimens regardless of ENM type. This study indicates that ENM represent ecotoxicological risks for this microbial eukaryote and presents a new model for the neglected marine benthos by which to assess natural exposure scenarios.
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84
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Koehle-Divo V, Sohm B, Giamberini L, Pauly D, Flayac J, Devin S, Auffan M, Mouneyrac C, Pain-Devin S. A sub-individual multilevel approach for an integrative assessment of CuO nanoparticle effects on Corbicula fluminea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:112976. [PMID: 31404732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Because they are widely used, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are likely to enter the aquatic environment and then reach the sediment. We have examined the effect of CuO NPs in the freshwater endobenthic bivalve Corbicula fluminea. Some previous studies have investigated effects at biochemical and physiological levels, but molecular endpoints are still poorly studied despite they are sensitive in early detection of NPs effect. In the present study, we have investigated short-term effects (96 h) of CuO NP (12, 30 nm; 0, 20 and 100 μg/L) using molecular endpoints as well as more conventional biochemical and physiological markers. The expression of antioxidant (CuZnSOD, MnSOD, Cat, Se-GPx, Trxr) and antitoxic (GST-Pi, HSP70, MT, Pgp, MRP1) related genes was measured at the mRNA level while antioxidant (SOD, TAC) and antitoxic (GST, ACP) defenses, energetic reserves and metabolism (ETS, Tri, LDH), and cellular damages (LPO) were assessed using a biochemical approach. The filtration rate measured at 96 h provided information at the physiological scale. Gene expression and filtration rate were responsive to CuO NPs but the effects differed according to the NP size. The results suggest that defense mechanisms may have been set up following 30 nm-NP exposure. The response to 12 nm-NP was lower but still showed that exposure to 12 nm-NP led to activation of cellular elimination mechanisms. The lowering of the filtration rate may have protected the organisms from the contamination. However, this raised the question of further repercussions on organism biology. Together, the results (i) indicate that CuO NP may exert effects at different levels even after a short-term exposure and (ii) point out the precocity of molecular response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bénédicte Sohm
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
| | | | - Danièle Pauly
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Justine Flayac
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Simon Devin
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Mélanie Auffan
- CEREGE, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, INRA, Coll France, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Catherine Mouneyrac
- Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé (MMS, EA2160), 3 Place André Leroy, F-49000 Angers Cedex 01, France
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85
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De Marchi L, Coppola F, Soares AMVM, Pretti C, Monserrat JM, Torre CD, Freitas R. Engineered nanomaterials: From their properties and applications, to their toxicity towards marine bivalves in a changing environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108683. [PMID: 31539823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of their unique characteristics, the use of Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) is rapidly increasing in industrial, agricultural products, as well as in environmental technology. However, this fast expansion and use make likely their release into the environment with particular concerns for the aquatic ecosystems, which tend to be the ultimate sink for this type of contaminants. Considering the settling behaviour of particulates, benthic organisms are more likely to be exposed to these compounds. In this way, the present review aims to summarise the most recent data available from the literature on ENMs behaviour and fate in aquatic ecosystems, focusing on their ecotoxicological impacts towards marine and estuarine bivalves. The selection of ENMs presented here was based on the OECD's Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (WPMN), which involves the safety testing and risk assessment of ENMs. Physical-chemical characteristics and properties, applications, environmental relevant concentrations and behaviour in aquatic environment, as well as their toxic impacts towards marine bivalves are discussed. Moreover, it is also identified the impacts derived from the simultaneous exposure of marine organisms to ENMs and climate changes as an ecologically relevant scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Mechanical Engineering & Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francesca Coppola
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - José M Monserrat
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Av Itália km 8 s/n - Caixa Postal 474, 96200-970, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Camilla Della Torre
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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86
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Teng C, Jia J, Wang Z, Sharma VK, Yan B. Size-dependent maternal-fetal transfer and fetal developmental toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles after oral exposures in pregnant mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109439. [PMID: 31306920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of nanomaterial-based products has caused safety concerns worldwide, especially for susceptible pregnant population. Here, we revealed the effect of the size of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on placental and fetal developmental toxicities. We found that smaller ZnO NPs (13 nm) were able to cross both the intestinal barrier and the placental barrier to reach the fetus after oral exposure and caused fetal developmental toxicity. However, larger ZnO NPs (57 nm) and bulk ZnO particles were not able to cross these barriers and exert effects. We also discovered that the organogenesis period (GD7-GD16) was more vulnerable to such toxicity compared with the peri-implantation period (GD1-GD10) of pregnancy. This new understanding that smaller nanoparticles may pass through multiple biological barriers to induce toxicity in susceptible populations is crucial for the safeguarding of humans from the widespread application of nanoproducts. The discovery that the organogenesis stage in pregnancy is more vulnerable to nanotoxicity than the peri-implantation stage is provides valuable guidance for an improved protection strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfeng Teng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Bing Yan
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
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87
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Lee H, Kang S, Kim SC, Pui DY. Modeling transport of colloidal particles through polydisperse fibrous membrane filters under unfavorable chemical and physical conditions. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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88
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Ameh T, Sayes CM. The potential exposure and hazards of copper nanoparticles: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 71:103220. [PMID: 31306862 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential element for metabolism in plants and animals. In its nanoform, copper has found various applications, thus increasing potential environmental exposure. Released nanoparticles in the environment undergo various transformation processes while bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper nanoparticles have been demonstrated in plants and animals. This toxicity is thought to be a combined effect of intracellular particles and the release of dissolved copper ions. Oxidative stress responses have been studied in copper nanoparticle induced effects as well as other pathways to cytotoxicity. The antimicrobial potential of copper nanoparticles makes them excellent components for application in biomedicine and more recently, they have been investigated for applications as drug delivery agents in cancer therapy. These properties of copper nanoparticles necessitate a thorough review and understanding of toxic mechanisms of action and the associated implications of exposure to human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma Ameh
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Christie M Sayes
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
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89
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Gouin T, Becker RA, Collot A, Davis JW, Howard B, Inawaka K, Lampi M, Ramon BS, Shi J, Hopp PW. Toward the Development and Application of an Environmental Risk Assessment Framework for Microplastic. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2087-2100. [PMID: 31233238 PMCID: PMC6852392 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of plastic waste to the environment and the subsequent degradation into microplastic particles that have the potential to interact with biological organisms represent a concern for global society. Current understanding of the potential impacts on aquatic and terrestrial population stability and ecosystem structure and function associated with emissions of microplastic particles is limited and insufficient to fully assess environmental risks. Multistakeholder discussions can provide an important element in helping to identify and prioritize key knowledge gaps in assessing potential risks. In the present review, we summarize multistakeholder discussions from a 1-d International Council of Chemical Associations-sponsored symposium, which involved 39 scientists from 8 countries with representatives from academia, industry, and government. Participants were asked to consider the following: discuss the scientific merits and limitations of applying a proposed conceptual environmental risk assessment (ERA) framework for microplastic particles and identify and prioritize major research needs in applying ERA tools for microplastic particles. Multistakeholder consensus was obtained with respect to the interpretation of the current state of the science related to effects and exposure to microplastic particles, which implies that it is unlikely that the presence of microplastic in the environment currently represents a risk. However, the quality and quantity of existing data require substantial improvement before conclusions regarding the potential risks and impacts of microplastic particles can be fully assessed. Research that directly addresses the development and application of methods that strengthen the quality of data should thus be given the highest priority. Activities aimed at supporting the development of and access to standardized reference material were identified as a key research need. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2087-2100. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Gouin
- TG Environmental Research, SharnbrookUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Lampi
- ExxonMobil Biomedical SciencesAnnandaleNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - Jay Shi
- Procter & Gamble, CincinnatiOhioUSA
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90
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Kim KE, Hwang YS, Jang MH, Song JH, Kim HS, Lee DS. Development of a model (SWNano) to assess the fate and transport of TiO 2 engineered nanoparticles in sewer networks. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 375:290-296. [PMID: 31078989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new model, SWNano (Sewer-Water Nano), has been developed in the present study that quantitatively simulates the spatio-temporal changes in the concentrations of TiO2 ENPs of dispersed and aggregated forms in the sewage water and sediment of a sewer network. As a brief example of SWNano applications, a small section of the entire sewer network of Seoul, Korea, was chosen to study where the sewage water was experimentally characterized. The predictions of SWNano present important findings that i) heteroaggregation is the most significant process following the advective transport among the fate and transport processes in the sewer pipes, ii) the heteroaggregation of TiO2 ENPs with SPMs in the sewage water can substantially (a few % to more than 50%) reduce the freely dispersed TiO2 ENPs depending on the magnitude of attachment efficiency, and iii) accurate determination of attachment efficiency is of critical importance in predicting the quantity of individual forms of ENPs exiting the sewer system. The predictions strongly suggest that the fate and transport of TiO2 ENPs in the sewer networks be taken into account to improve the assessment of exposure to TiO2 ENPs in the aquatic ecosystems, which warrants further development and use of models like SWNano.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Eun Kim
- Environmental Planning Institute, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yu Sik Hwang
- Environmental Fate and Exposure Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju-si, 52834, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Jang
- Environmental Fate and Exposure Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju-si, 52834, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jee Hey Song
- Green Chemistry Team, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Seoul, 06211, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Seok Kim
- Environmental Planning Institute, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Environmental Planning Institute, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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91
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Bilal M, Oh E, Liu R, Breger JC, Medintz IL, Cohen Y. Bayesian Network Resource for Meta-Analysis: Cellular Toxicity of Quantum Dots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900510. [PMID: 31207082 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A web-based resource for meta-analysis of nanomaterials toxicity is developed whereby the utility of Bayesian networks (BNs) is illustrated for exploring the cellular toxicity of Cd-containing quantum dots (QDs). BN models are developed based on a dataset compiled from 517 publications comprising 3028 cell viability data samples and 837 IC50 values. BN QD toxicity (BN-QDTox) models are developed using both continuous (i.e., numerical) and categorical attributes. Using these models, the most relevant attributes identified for correlating IC50 are: QD diameter, exposure time, surface ligand, shell, assay type, surface modification, and surface charge, with the addition of QD concentration for the cell viability analysis. Data exploration via BN models further enables identification of possible association rules for QDs cellular toxicity. The BN models as web-based applications can be used for rapid intelligent query of the available body of evidence for a given nanomaterial and can be readily updated as the body of knowledge expands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7227, USA
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1496, USA
| | - Eunkeu Oh
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5611, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
- KeyW Corporation, Hanover, MD, 21076, USA
| | - Rong Liu
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1496, USA
| | - Joyce C Breger
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Yoram Cohen
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7227, USA
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1496, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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92
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He Y, Al-Abed SR, Potter PM, Dionysiou DD. Rapid and versatile pre-treatment for quantification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the environment using microwave-induced heating. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:13999-14012. [PMID: 30737716 PMCID: PMC7362341 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04229-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The concerns regarding potential environmental release and ecological risks of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) rise with their increased production and use. As a result, there is the need for an analytical method to determine the environmental concentration of MWCNTs. Although several methods have been demonstrated for the quantification of well-characterized MWCNTs, applying these methods to field samples is still a challenge due to interferences from unknown characteristics of MWCNTs and environmental media. To bridge this gap, a recently developed microwave-induced heating method was investigated for the quantification of MWCNTs in field samples. Our results indicated that the microwave response of MWCNTs was independent of the sources, length, and diameter of MWCNTs; however, the aggregated MWCNTs were not able to convert the microwave energy to heat, making the method inapplicable. Thus, a pre-treatment process for dispersing bundled MWCNTs in field samples was crucial for the use of the microwave method. In the present paper, a two-step pre-treatment procedure was proposed: the aggregated MWCNTs loaded environmental samples were first exposed to high temperature (500 °C) and then dispersed by using an acetone-surfactant solution. A validation study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the pre-treatment process, showing that an 80-120% recovery range of true MWCNT loading successfully covered the microwave-measured MWCNT mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Souhail R Al-Abed
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA.
| | - Phillip M Potter
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), National Risk Management Research Laboratory, USEPA, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
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93
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Hedberg J, Blomberg E, Odnevall Wallinder I. In the Search for Nanospecific Effects of Dissolution of Metallic Nanoparticles at Freshwater-Like Conditions: A Critical Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4030-4044. [PMID: 30908015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on relations between particle properties and dissolution/transformation characteristics of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in freshwater is important for risk assessment and product development. This critical review aims to elucidate nanospecific effects on dissolution of metallic NPs in freshwater and similar media. Dissolution rate constants are compiled and analyzed for NPs of silver (Ag), copper (Cu), copper oxide/hydroxide (CuO, Cu(OH)2), zinc oxide (ZnO), manganese (Mn), and aluminum (Al), showing largely varying (orders of magnitude) constants when modeled using first order kinetics. An effect of small primary sizes (<15 nm) was observed, leading to increased dissolution rate constants and solubility in some cases. However, the often extensive particle agglomeration can result in reduced nanospecific effects on dissolution and also an increased uncertainty related to the surface area, a parameter that largely influence the extent of dissolution. Promising ways to model surface areas of NPs in solution using fractal dimensions and size distributions are discussed in addition to nanospecific aspects related to other processes such as corrosion, adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM), presence of capping agents, and existence of surface defects. The importance of the experimental design on the results of dissolution experiments of metal and metal oxide NPs is moreover highlighted, including the influence of ionic metal solubility and choice of particle dispersion methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry , Division of Surface and Corrosion Science , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Eva Blomberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry , Division of Surface and Corrosion Science , Stockholm , Sweden
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden , Division Bioscience and Materials , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry , Division of Surface and Corrosion Science , Stockholm , Sweden
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94
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Kamali M, Persson KM, Costa ME, Capela I. Sustainability criteria for assessing nanotechnology applicability in industrial wastewater treatment: Current status and future outlook. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:261-276. [PMID: 30731376 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Application of engineered nanomaterials for the treatment of industrial effluents and to deal with recalcitrant pollutants has been noticeably promoted in recent years. Laboratory, pilot and full-scale studies emphasize the potential of this technology to offer promising treatment options to meet the future needs for clean water resources and to comply with stringent environmental regulations. The technology is now in the stage of being transferred to the real applications. Therefore, the assessment of its performance according to sustainability criteria and their incorporation into the decision-making process is a key task to ensure that long term benefits are achieved from the nano-treatment technologies. In this study, the importance of sustainability criteria for the conventional and novel technologies for the treatment of industrial effluents was determined in a general approach assisted by a fuzzy-Delphi method. The criteria were categorized in technical, economic, environmental and social branches and the current situation of the nanotechnology regarding the criteria was critically discussed. The results indicate that the efficiency and safety are the most important parameters to make sustainable choices for the treatment of industrial effluents. Also, in addition to the need for scaling-up the nanotechnology in various stages, the study on their environmental footprint must continue in deeper scales under expected environmental conditions, in particular the synthesis of engineered nanomaterials and the development of reactors with the ability of recovery and reuse the nanomaterials. This paper will aid to select the most sustainable types of nanomaterials for the real applications and to guide the future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Kamali
- Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, Aveiro Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Kenneth M Persson
- Department of Building and Environmental Technology/Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Elisabete Costa
- Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, Aveiro Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Capela
- Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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95
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Lima VS, Guimarães ATB, da Costa Araújo AP, Estrela FN, da Silva IC, de Melo NFS, Fraceto LF, Malafaia G. Depression, anxiety-like behavior, and memory impairment in mice exposed to chitosan-coated zein nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:10641-10650. [PMID: 30771127 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The advent of biotechnology provided the synthesis of nanoproducts with diverse applications in the field of medicine, agriculture, food, among others. However, the toxicity of many nanoparticles (NP) currently used, which can penetrate natural systems and impact organisms, is not known. Thus, in this study, we evaluated whether the short exposure (5 days) to low concentrations of chitosan-coated zein nanoparticles (ZNP-CS) (0.2 ng/kg, 40 ng/kg, and 400.00 ng/kg) was capable of causing behavioral alterations compatible with cognitive deficit, as well as anxiety and depression-like behavior in Swiss mice. However, we observed an anxiogenic effect in the animals exposed to the highest ZNP-CS concentration (400.00 ng/kg), without locomotor alterations suggestive of sedation or hyperactivity in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. We also observed that the ZNP-CS caused depressive-like behavior, indicated by the longer immobile time in the tail suspension test and the animals exposed to ZNP-CS presented deficit in recognition of the new object, not related to locomotor alteration in this test. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the neurotoxicity of ZNP in a mammal animal model, contributing to the biological safety assessment of these nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Silva Lima
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Instituto Federal Goiano-Urutaí Campus, Urutai, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Instituto Federal Goiano-Urutaí Campus, Urutai, GO, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Neves Estrela
- Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Instituto Federal Goiano-Urutaí Campus, Urutai, GO, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano-Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2,5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
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96
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Lewis RW, Bertsch PM, McNear DH. Nanotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to environmentally relevant beneficial soil bacteria - a critical review. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:392-428. [PMID: 30760121 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1530391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in various environmental compartments is projected to continue rising exponentially. Terrestrial environments are expected to be the largest repository for environmentally released ENMs. Because ENMs are enriched in biosolids during wastewater treatment, agriculturally applied biosolids facilitate ENM exposure of key soil micro-organisms, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The ecological ramifications of increasing levels of ENM exposure of terrestrial micro-organisms are not clearly understood, but a growing body of research has investigated the toxicity of ENMs to various soil bacteria using a myriad of toxicity end-points and experimental procedures. This review explores what is known regarding ENM toxicity to important soil bacteria, with a focus on ENMs which are expected to accumulate in terrestrial ecosystems at the highest concentrations and pose the greatest potential threat to soil micro-organisms having potential indirect detrimental effects on plant growth. Knowledge gaps in the fundamental understanding of nanotoxicity to bacteria are identified, including the role of physicochemical properties of ENMs in toxicity responses, particularly in agriculturally relevant micro-organisms. Strategies for improving the impact of future research through the implementation of in-depth ENM characterization and use of necessary experimental controls are proposed. The future of nanotoxicological research employing microbial ecoreceptors is also explored, highlighting the need for continued research utilizing bacterial isolates while concurrently expanding efforts to study ENM-bacteria interactions in more complex environmentally relevant media, e.g. soil. Additionally, the particular importance of future work to extensively examine nanotoxicity in the context of bacterial ecosystem function, especially of plant growth-promoting agents, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky W Lewis
- a Rhizosphere Science Laboratory, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , KY , USA
| | - Paul M Bertsch
- a Rhizosphere Science Laboratory, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , KY , USA.,b CSIRO Land and Water , Ecosciences Precinct , Brisbane , Australia.,c Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT) , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - David H McNear
- a Rhizosphere Science Laboratory, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , KY , USA
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97
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Wigger H, Nowack B. Material-specific properties applied to an environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials - implications on grouping and read-across concepts. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:623-643. [PMID: 30727799 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1568604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are intentionally designed in different nano-forms of the same parent material in order to meet application requirements. Different grouping and read-across concepts are proposed to streamline risk assessments by pooling nano-forms in one category. Environmental grouping concepts still are in their infancy and mainly focus on grouping by hazard categories. Complete risk assessments require data on environmental release and exposure not only for ENMs but also for their nano-forms. The key requirement is to identify and to distinguish the production volumes of the ENMs regarding nano-form-specific applications. The aim of our work was to evaluate whether such a grouping is possible with the available data and which influence it has on the environmental risk assessment of ENMs. A functionality-driven approach was applied to match the material-specific property (i.e. crystal form/morphology) with the functions employed in the applications. We demonstrate that for nano-TiO2, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and nano-Al2O3 the total production volume can be allocated to specific nano-forms based on their functionalities. The differentiated assessments result in a variation of the predicted environmental concentrations for anatase vs. rutile nano-TiO2, single-wall vs. multi-wall CNTs and α- vs. γ-nano-Al2O3 by a factor of 2 to 13. Additionally, the nano-form-specific predicted no-effect concentrations for these ENMs were derived. The risk quotients for all nano-forms indicated no immediate risk in freshwaters. Our results suggest that grouping and read-across concepts should include both a nano-form release potential for estimating the environmental exposure and separately consider the nano-forms in environmental risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Wigger
- a Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory , St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- a Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory , St. Gallen , Switzerland
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98
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McGivney E, Gao X, Liu Y, Lowry GV, Casman E, Gregory KB, VanBriesen JM, Avellan A. Biogenic Cyanide Production Promotes Dissolution of Gold Nanoparticles in Soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:1287-1295. [PMID: 30590926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are often used to study the physiochemical behavior and distribution of nanomaterials in natural systems because they are assumed to be inert under environmental conditions, even though Au can be oxidized and dissolved by a common environmental compound: cyanide. We used the cyanogenic soil bacterium, Chromobacterium violaceum, to demonstrate that quorum-sensing-regulated cyanide production could lead to a high rate of oxidative dissolution of Au NPs in soil. After 7 days of incubation in a pH 7.0 soil inoculated with C. violaceum, labile Au concentration increased from 0 to 15%. There was no observable dissolution when Au NPs were incubated in abiotic soil. In the same soil adjusted to pH 7.5, labile Au concentration increased up to 29% over the same time frame. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Au dissolution required quorum-sensing-regulated cyanide production in soil by inoculating the soil with different cell densities and using a quorum-sensing-deficient mutant of C. violaceum, CV026. Au NP dissolution experiments in liquid media coupled with mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that biogenic cyanide oxidized Au NPs to soluble Au(CN)2-. These results demonstrate under which conditions biologically enhanced metal dissolution can contribute to the overall geochemical transformation kinetics of nanoparticle in soils, even though the materials may be inert in abiotic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric McGivney
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Yijing Liu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Elizabeth Casman
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Kelvin B Gregory
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Jeanne M VanBriesen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Astrid Avellan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
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Rajput VD, Minkina T, Sushkova S, Chokheli V, Soldatov M. Toxicity assessment of metal oxide nanoparticles on terrestrial plants. ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS AND PHYTONANOTECHNOLOGY: CHALLENGES FOR PLANT SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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100
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Han Y, Knightes CD, Bouchard D, Zepp R, Avant B, Hsieh HS, Chang X, Acrey B, Henderson WM, Spear J. Simulating graphene oxide nanomaterial phototransformation and transport in surface water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2019; 6:180-194. [PMID: 31297195 PMCID: PMC6621605 DOI: 10.1039/c8en01088a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The production of graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) has increased appreciably in recent years. Graphene oxide (GO) has been found to be the most toxic nanomaterial among GFNs and, to our knowledge, no studies have been conducted to model its fate and transport in the environment. Lab studies show that GO undergoes phototransformation in surface waters under sunlight radiation resulting in formation of photoreduced GO (rGO). In this study, the recently updated Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP8) is used to simulate time-dependent environmental exposure concentrations of GO and its major phototransformation product, rGO, for Brier Creek, GA, USA at two flow scenarios under a constant loading of GO to the river for a period of 20 years. Analysis shows that the degree of phototransformation is closely associated with river flow condition: up to of 40% of GO undergoes phototransformation at low flow condition, whereas only 2.5% of GO phototransformation occurs at mean flow condition. River flow and heteroaggregation exhibit a 'competing' effect in determining the formation of rGO heteroagglomerates. Mass fraction analysis indicates that the vast majority of rGO heteroagglomerates settle to the sediment layers due to the settling of suspended solids. Simulation of natural recovery after removal of the GO source suggests that free GO and rGO are the immediate contaminants of concern in the studied surface water system, while rGO heteroaggregated with suspended solids can have a long-term ecological impact on both the water column and sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlai Han
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Christopher D. Knightes
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Dermont Bouchard
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Richard Zepp
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Brian Avant
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Hsin-Se Hsieh
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
- National Research Council Research Associate
| | - Xiaojun Chang
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
- National Research Council Research Associate
| | - Brad Acrey
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - W. Matthew Henderson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Jessica Spear
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
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