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Wali H, Rehman FU, Umar A, Ahmed S. Cholesterol Degradation and Production of Extracellular Cholesterol Oxidase from Bacillus pumilus W1 and Serratia marcescens W8. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1359528. [PMID: 31183360 PMCID: PMC6512041 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1359528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a waxy substance present in all types of the body cells. The presence of higher concentration of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is characterized by abnormal cholesterol level and is associated with cardiovascular diseases which lead to the development of atheroma in arteries known as atherosclerosis. The transformation of cholesterol by bacterial cholesterol oxidase can provide a key solution for the treatment of diseases related to cholesterol and its oxidized derivatives. Previously isolated bacteria from oil-contaminated soil were screened for cholesterol degradation. Among fourteen, five isolates were able to utilize cholesterol. Two strains Serratia marcescens W1 and Bacillus pumilus W8 using cholesterol as only carbon and energy source were selected for degradation studies. Several parameters (incubation time, substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and different metal ions) for cholesterol decomposition by the selected bacterial strains were evaluated. Maximum cholesterol reduction was achieved on the 5th day of incubation, 1g/L of substrate concentration, pH 7, in the presence of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions, and at 35°C. Cholesterol degradation was analyzed by enzymatic colorimetric method, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Under optimized conditions 50% and 84% cholesterol reduction were recorded with Serratia marcescens W1 and Bacillus pumilus W8, respectively. Cholesterol oxidase activity was assayed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results revealed that Serratia marcescens W1 and Bacillus pumilus W8 have great potential for cholesterol degradation and would be regarded as a source for cholesterol oxidase (CHO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasina Wali
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Ur Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Aiman Umar
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Safia Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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52
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Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Lācis G. Diversity of oil yield, fatty acids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and sterols in the seeds of 19 interspecific grapes crosses. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:2078-2087. [PMID: 30298520 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The seeds of Vitis vinifera grapes have been studied extensively but knowledge about the interspecific crosses of other Vitis species (e.g. V. vinifera, V. amurensis, V. rupestris, V. riparia, and V. labruska) is very limited. RESULTS The oil yields recovered from the grape seeds ranged between 7 and 160 g kg-1 dw. The main fatty acids were linoleic (72.5-83.1%), oleic (6.2-15.5%), and palmitic (5.4-13.2%), which together constituted 92.8-97.1% of the total detected fatty acids. The total concentration of tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3) homologues was between 0.785 and 9.033 g kg-1 oil. The concentration of sterols varied significantly and ranged between 2.912 and 105.962 g kg-1 oil. The β-sitosterol constituted 68.2-86.3% of the total content of sterols. The oil yield in grape seeds significantly correlated with the oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, α-T, α-T3, γ-T3, campesterol, Δ5-stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and total Ts + T3 s and sterols. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that seed oil recovered from different interspecific Vitis crosses is a rich source of minor lipophilic bioactive compounds, especially genotypes with low oil content. They can be used to enrich plant oils that are poor in tocotrienols and/or phytosterols without changing the fatty acid composition of main oil, due to low enrichment quantities (micro-blends). © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Dobele, Latvia
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Gunārs Lācis
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Dobele, Latvia
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53
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Górnaś P, Czubinski J, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Ying Q, Chakradhari S, Sahu PK, Mišina I, Urvaka E, Patel KS. Selected Uncommon Legumes as a Source of Essential Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, Tocotrienols, Sterols, Carotenoids, and Squalene. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 74:91-98. [PMID: 30552561 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The seeds of nine species belonging to the Fabaceae family (Cassia alata, Cassia uniflora, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia tora, Crotalaria albida, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria pallida, Indigofera tinctoria, and Tephrosia purpurea) were studied. The oil yield ranged from 2.0 to 9.6% dw, in the seeds of I. tinctoria and T. purpurea, respectively. The unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) were the predominant group of fatty acids (41-74%) in the investigated samples. The sum of tocopherol homologues α and γ constituted 90-100% of total tocochromanols identified in each species. The β-sitosterol, campesterol, and Δ5-stigmasterol were the main sterols in most of the samples, however, in some of the seeds considerable levels of Δ5-avenasterol, Δ5,24-stigmastadienol, 24-ethylcholest-7-en-3beta-ol, and cycloartenol were also determined. Although the studied seeds were marked by relatively low yield of oil, the predomination of UFA, as well as relevant quantities of tocochromanols, carotenoids, sterols, and squalene (144.3-444.8, 4.1-43.1, 603.2-2590.2, and 0-88.1 mg/100 g oil, respectively), thus, the studied seeds can be considered as an alternative source of valuable ingredients for human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia.
| | - Jaroslaw Czubinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Qian Ying
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Suryakant Chakradhari
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Pravin Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Elise Urvaka
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
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Jia C, Xia X, Liu P, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang X. Mild and Efficient Preparation of Phytosteryl Amino Acid Ester Hydrochlorides and Their Emulsifying Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1749-1759. [PMID: 30657680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b07153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to produce a series of phytosteryl amino acid ester hydrochlorides by a two-step method, which involved esterification of phytosterols with N- tert-butoxycarbonyl (BOC) amino acid and deprotection of the BOC group. The highest yield of over 95.0% was obtained when the catalysts were the mixtures of 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide hydrochlide, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and triethylamine. It was found that batch charging of the reactants and catalysts was conducive to improving the yield. In addition, over 99.0% of the BOC group deprotection degree was achieved using the HCl/ethyl acetate deprotection method. All of the compounds were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The emulsifying properties of phytosterols and phytosteryl amino acid ester hydrochlorides were also investigated. The results showed higher emulsifying properties of phytosteryl amino acid ester hydrochlorides, which could favor its wide application in food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengsheng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
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55
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Górnaś P, Picron JF, Perkons I, Mišina I, Rudzińska M, Sobieszczańska N, Chakradhari S, Patel KS. Profiling of the Beneficial and Potentially Harmful Components of Trichodesma indicum
Seed and Seed Oil Obtained by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture; Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies; Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia
| | - Jean-François Picron
- Sciensano, Organic Contaminants and Additives; Rue J. Wytsman, 14, 1050, Ixelles Belgium
| | - Ingus Perkons
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment “BIOR”; Lejupes iela 3, Riga, LV-1076 Latvia
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture; Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies; Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition; Poznań University of Life Sciences; Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań Poland
| | - Natalia Sobieszczańska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology; Poznan University of Life Sciences; Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627, Poznań Poland
| | - Suryakant Chakradhari
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Amanaka, Raipur, 492010 CG India
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Amanaka, Raipur, 492010 CG India
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56
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Zhu H, Chen J, He Z, Hao W, Liu J, Kwek E, Zhao Y, Ma KY, He WS, Chen ZY. Soybean germ oil reduces blood cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption and enhancing bile acid excretion. Food Funct 2019; 10:1836-1845. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02585a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Soybean germ oil is beneficial in management of hypercholesterolemia in hamsters fed a high cholesterol diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Zhu
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Wangjun Hao
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Erika Kwek
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Ka Ying Ma
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Wen-Sen He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- Jiangsu
- China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
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57
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Hao W, He Z, Zhu H, Liu J, Kwek E, Zhao Y, Ma KY, He WS, Chen ZY. Sea buckthorn seed oil reduces blood cholesterol and modulates gut microbiota. Food Funct 2019; 10:5669-5681. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01232j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sea buckthorn seed oil favorably decreases plasma cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangjun Hao
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Hanyue Zhu
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Erika Kwek
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Ka Ying Ma
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Wen-Sen He
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
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58
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He Z, Lei L, Kwek E, Zhao Y, Liu J, Hao W, Zhu H, Liang N, Ma KY, Ho HM, He WS, Chen ZY. Ginger attenuates trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO)-exacerbated disturbance in cholesterol metabolism and vascular inflammation. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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59
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Wongwaiwech D, Weerawatanakorn M, Tharatha S, Ho CT. Comparative study on amount of nutraceuticals in by-products from solvent and cold pressing methods of rice bran oil processing. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:71-82. [PMID: 30648596 PMCID: PMC9298647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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60
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Zhu H, He Z, Kwek E, Liu J, Hao W, Liang N, Zhao Y, Ma KY, He WS, Chen ZY. Dose-Dependent Increases in Liver Cholesterol but Not Plasma Cholesterol from Consumption of One to Five Whole Eggs and No Effects from Egg Whites on Liver or Plasma Cholesterol in Hamsters. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12805-12814. [PMID: 30415537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dose-dependent effect of egg consumption on plasma cholesterol in humans remains inconclusive. It is unknown if egg white consumed in a normal amount can reduce plasma cholesterol. We used hamsters as a model to (i) investigate the dose-dependent effect of consuming zero to five whole eggs on plasma total cholesterol (TC) and (ii) examine if egg white, equivalent to one to five eggs, possessed any reducing effects on plasma TC. In experiment 1, hamsters were divided into six groups ( n = 8 each) and fed either a control diet or one of five experimental diets supplemented with whole-egg powder equivalent to one to five eggs per 2000 kcal. Results showed that supplementation with one egg increased plasma TC by 25% compared with that of the control (226 ± 16 versus 282 ± 56 mg/dL, p < 0.05), whereas supplementation with two to five eggs did not significantly produce any additional effects on plasma cholesterol. However, supplementation with one to five eggs in diets caused a dose-dependent accumulation of cholesterol in the liver from 21.5 ± 4.4 to 71.3 ± 7.3 mg/g ( p < 0.01). In the second experiment, hamsters were divided into six groups and fed either a high-cholesterol control diet or one of five experimental diets supplemented with egg-white powder from one to five eggs. Results showed that egg-white powder affected neither plasma nor liver cholesterol levels. The egg-white powder did not affect fecal sterol excretion, suggesting it had no effect on cholesterol absorption. It was therefore concluded that consumption of two to five eggs did not significantly produce any additional effects on plasma cholesterol, whereas egg white did not possess a plasma-cholesterol-lowering activity if it was consumed at amounts similar to those in a normal human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Zhu
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Erika Kwek
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Wangjun Hao
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Ning Liang
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Ka Ying Ma
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Wen-Sen He
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , 301 Xuefu Road , Zhenjiang 212013 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
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61
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Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Sahu PK, Patel KS. Tephrosia apollinea seed: a new rich source of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, and squalene. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:296-299. [PMID: 30406669 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1525373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tephrosia apollinea is a legume species, native to southwest Asia and northeast Africa, rich in bioactive flavonoids (hydrophilic compounds). T. apollinea seeds were not considered previously as a potential source of lipophilic compounds such as: essential fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, and squalene, hence, the present study were performed. The oil yield in T. apollinea seeds amounted to 11.8% dw. The T. apollinea seed oil was predominated by the polyunsaturated fatty acids - linoleic (26.8%) and α-linolenic (22.7%). High levels were recorded also for oleic (27.6%) and palmitic (14.9%) acids. Four tocopherols and one tocotrienol, with the domination of γ-tocopherol (98%) were identified in T. apollinea seed oil. The β-sitosterol (59%), Δ5-stigmasterol (21%) and campesterol (9%) were detected as main sterols in T. apollinea seed oil. The total content of tocochromanols, sterols, carotenoids and squalene in the T. apollinea seed oil was 256.7, 338.1, 12.5 and 1103.8 mg/100 g oil, respectively. T. apollinea seeds oil, due to the high concentration of lipophilic bioactive compounds can find a potential application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Dobele, Latvia
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Pravin Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
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62
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Zhao Y, Liu J, Hao W, He Z, Zhu H, Liang N, Ma KY, He WS, Yang Y, Chen ZY. Plasma cholesterol-lowering activity of piperine is mediated by inhibition on cholesterol absorption via down-regulation of intestinal ACAT2 and MTP. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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63
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Zhao Y, Chen ZY. Roles of Spicy Foods and Their Bioactive Compounds in Management of Hypercholesterolemia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8662-8671. [PMID: 30056715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia, as one of the major risk factors in development of cardiovascular diseases, is of mounting prevalence worldwide in recent years. Many nutraceuticals and phytochemical supplements serve as a promising complementary therapy in the management of hypercholesterolemia. Among them, spicy foods have attracted special attention. Plasma lipid-lowering activity of garlic, ginger, and turmeric have been well-studied in both humans and animals. Consumption of either 3 g/day of ginger or 2 g/day of curcumin for over 4 weeks effectively reduced blood cholesterol in hypercholesterolemia subjects. However, effects of chili and black peppers on blood cholesterol are studied little clinically. The present review is to summarize the findings of recent studies on the efficacy and mechanism of spicy foods and their primary bioactive components in management of hypercholesterolemia from preclinical studies to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhao
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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64
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Zhang H, Cao X, Yin M, Wang J. Soluble dietary fiber from Qing Ke (highland barley) brewers spent grain could alter the intestinal cholesterol efflux in Caco-2 cells. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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65
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Lata K, Sharma M, Patel SN, Sangwan RS, Singh SP. An integrated bio-process for production of functional biomolecules utilizing raw and by-products from dairy and sugarcane industries. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:1121-1131. [PMID: 29680868 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated an integrated bioprocessing of raw and by-products from sugarcane and dairy industries for production of non-digestible prebiotic and functional ingredients. The low-priced feedstock, whey, molasses, table sugar, jaggery, etc., were subjected to transglucosylation reactions catalyzed by dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides MTCC 10508. HPLC analysis approximated production of about 11-14 g L-1 trisaccharide i.e. 2-α-D-glucopyranosyl-lactose (4-galactosyl-kojibiose) from the feedstock prepared from table sugar, jaggery, cane molasses and liquid whey, containing about 30 g L-1 sucrose and lactose each. The trisaccharide was hydrolysed into the prebiotic disaccharide, kojibiose, by employing recombinant β-galactosidase from Escherichia coli. The enzyme β-galactosidase achieved about 90% conversion of 2-α-D-glucopyranosyl-lactose into kojibiose. The D-fructose generated by catalytic reactions of dextransucrase was targeted for catalytic transformation into rare sugar, D-allulose (or D-psicose), by treating the samples with Smt3-D-psicose 3-epimerase. The catalytic reactions resulted in the conversion of ~ 25% D-fructose to D-allulose. These bioactive compounds are known to exert a plethora of benefits to human health, and therefore, are preferred ingredients for making functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusum Lata
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140 306, India
| | - Manisha Sharma
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140 306, India
| | - Satya Narayan Patel
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140 306, India
| | - Rajender S Sangwan
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140 306, India
| | - Sudhir P Singh
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140 306, India.
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66
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Martins N, Chirumbolo S, Goh BH, Smetanina K, Lysiuk R. Brief Challenges on Medicinal Plants: An Eye-Opening Look at Ageing-Related Disorders. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 122:539-558. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine; Mo i Rana Norway
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO); Karaj Iran
| | - Natália Martins
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA; Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia; Bragança Portugal
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences; University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX); School of Pharmacy; Monash University Malaysia; Bandar Sunway Malaysia
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD); School of Pharmacy; Monash University Malaysia; Bandar Sunway Malaysia
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Phayao; Phayao Thailand
- Asian Centre for Evidence Synthesis in Population; Implementation and Clinical Outcomes; Health and Well-Being Cluster; Global Asia in the 21st Century Platform; Monash University Malaysia; Bandar Sunway Malaysia
| | - Kateryna Smetanina
- Department of Management and Economy of Pharmacy; Postgraduate Faculty; Drug Technology and Pharmacoeconomics; Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University; Lviv Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany; Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University; Lviv Ukraine
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67
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Lei L, Chen J, Liu Y, Wang L, Zhao G, Chen ZY. Dietary Wheat Bran Oil Is Equally as Effective as Rice Bran Oil in Reducing Plasma Cholesterol. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:2765-2774. [PMID: 29502409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Rice bran oil (RBO) possesses a plasma cholesterol-lowering activity, while effect of wheat bran oil (WBO) on plasma cholesterol remains unknown. The present study compared the cholesterol-lowering activity of WBO with that of RBO in hamsters. Fifty-four male hamsters were divided into seven groups fed either a noncholesterol diet (NCD) or one of six high-cholesterol diets, namely HCD diet (0.2% cholesterol +9.5% lard), HCD+C diet (0.2% cholesterol +9.5% lard +0.5% cholestyramine), WL diet (0.2% cholesterol +4.8% Lard +4.8% WBO), WH diet (0.2% cholesterol +9.5% WBO), RL diet (0.2% cholesterol +4.8% Lard +4.8% RBO), and RH diet (0.2% cholesterol +9.5% RBO). Plasma total cholesterol (TC) in HCD group was 327.4 ± 31.8 mg/dL, while plasma TC in two WBO and two RBO groups was 242.2 ± 20.8, 243.1 ± 31.7, 257.1 ± 16.3, and 243.4 ± 46.0 mg/dL, respectively, leading to a decrease in plasma TC by 22-26% ( P < 0.01). No significant difference in cholesterol-lowering potency was seen between WBO and RBO. Plasma cholesterol-lowering activity of WBO and RBO was accompanied by down-regulation of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and fatty acid synthase, while up-regulation of cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase. WL, WH, RL, and RH diets increased the fecal excretion of total neutral sterols by 72.8%, 106.9%, 5.4%, and 36.8% ( P < 0.01) respectively. Results indicated WBO and RBO could inhibit cholesterol absorption via down-regulation of intestinal Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 protein, acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2, and ATP binding cassette transporter 5. In summary, WBO was equally effective as RBO in decreasing plasma cholesterol in hypercholesterolemia hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lei
- College of Food Science , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong, Kong , China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Transformation and Utilization of Cereal Resource , Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen , China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong, Kong , China
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68
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Li C, Cao J, Nie SP, Zhu KX, Xiong T, Xie MY. Serum metabolomics analysis for biomarker of Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 on hyperlipidaemic rat model feed by high fat diet. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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69
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Li X, Guo J, Liang N, Jiang X, Song Y, Ou S, Hu Y, Jiao R, Bai W. 6-Gingerol Regulates Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism by Up-regulation of LDLR and Cholesterol Efflux-Related Genes in HepG2 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29535632 PMCID: PMC5835308 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingerols, the pungent ingredients in ginger, are reported to possess a cholesterol-lowering activity. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study was to investigate how 6-gingerol (6-GN), the most abundant gingerol in fresh ginger, regulates hepatic cholesterol metabolism. HepG2 cells were incubated with various concentrations of 6-GN ranging from 50 to 200 μM for 24 h. Results showed that both cellular total cholesterol and free cholesterol decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, 6-GN ranging from 100 to 200 μM increased the LDLR protein and uptake of fluorescent-labeled LDL. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expressions of cholesterol metabolism-related genes were also examined. It was found that 6-GN regulated cholesterol metabolism via up-regulation of LDLR through activation of SREBP2 as well as up-regulation of cholesterol efflux-related genes LXRα and ABCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingting Guo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Ou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Jiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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70
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He WS, Wang HH, Jing ZM, Cui DD, Zhu JQ, Li ZJ, Ma HL. Highly Efficient Synthesis of Hydrophilic Phytosterol Derivatives Catalyzed by Ionic Liquid. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sen He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhang-Mu Jing
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Dan-Dan Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Jia-Qi Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Zheng-Jian Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Hai-Le Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
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71
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Lassoued I, Mezghani M, Jridi M, Rahmouni F, Jamoussi K, Rebai T, El Feki A, Nasri M, Barkia A. Protective effects of thornback ray muscle protein hydrolysate against dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and reduced fertility induced by high cholesterol diet in adult male rats. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22303-22312. [PMID: 35539733 PMCID: PMC9081093 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic thornback ray (Raja clavata) muscle hydrolysates have been shown to have antioxidant and antihypertensive activities in vitro. The Neutrase hydrolysate exhibited the highest activities, so it was investigated along with the undigested muscle to test their hypolipidemic, antioxidative and fertility effects in rats fed with a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). Animals were allocated into four groups of 5 rats each: a normal diet group (control), a HCD group, and two groups of HCD with a daily dose of undigested muscle (Und) or the hydrolysate (MH) at 0.7 g kg−1 of body weight. All animals received their respective treatments daily for 1 month. After the treatment period, serum lipid profiles, the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, the level of malonaldehyde, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase) in the liver and sperm fertility parameters (in the epididymis and testis) were determined. Compared with those fed a standard diet, HCD induced dyslipidemia and oxidative stress, and decreased numerous reproductive parameters (mobility, count and viability). Interestingly, supplementing the HCD with thornback ray proteins attenuated all these anomalies, especially in the case where they were hydrolysed. These observations suggested that these proteins might contain bioactive peptides that possess hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant activities that ameliorate sperm damage. Thornback ray muscle hydrolysate was investigated, as well as the undigested muscle, to test their hypolipidemic, antioxidative and fertility effects in rats fed with a high-cholesterol diet.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Lassoued
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National Engineering School of Sfax
- B.P. 1173-3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Mayassa Mezghani
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National Engineering School of Sfax
- B.P. 1173-3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National Engineering School of Sfax
- B.P. 1173-3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Fatma Rahmouni
- Histology-Embryology Laboratory
- Sfax Faculty of Medicine
- Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Kamel Jamoussi
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory
- Hedi Chaker University Hospital
- Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Tarek Rebai
- Histology-Embryology Laboratory
- Sfax Faculty of Medicine
- Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory
- Sciences Faculty of Sfax
- University of Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National Engineering School of Sfax
- B.P. 1173-3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Barkia
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National Engineering School of Sfax
- B.P. 1173-3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
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72
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Wang L, Zhu H, Zhao Y, Jiao R, Lei L, Chen J, Wang X, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Wang T, Chen ZY. Cranberry anthocyanin as an herbal medicine lowers plasma cholesterol by increasing excretion of fecal sterols. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 38:98-106. [PMID: 29425660 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interest in using herbal medicines to treat the hypercholesterolemia is increasing. Cranberry extract could decrease plasma cholesterol, however, the active ingredients and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. HYPOTHESIS The present study was to test the hypothesis that cranberry anthocyanins (CrA) were at least one of the active ingredients responsible for the cholesterol-lowering activity of cranberry fruits via a mechanism of increasing fecal sterol excretion. METHODS Forty-four hamsters were randomly divided into five groups and fed one of the five diets, namely a non-cholesterol control diet (NCD), a high-cholesterol control diet (HCD), a HCD diet supplemented with a low dose of 1% CrA (CL), a HCD diet supplemented with a high dose of 2% CrA (CH), and a HCD diet supplemented with 0.5% cholestyramine as a positive control drug (P-CTL), respectively, for six weeks. Plasma lipoprotein cholesterol was quantified using the enzymatic kits, while the gene expressions of transporters, enzymes and receptors involved in cholesterol absorption and metabolism were quantified using the quantitative RT-PCR. Fecal sterols were quantified using gas chromatography (GC). RESULTS Plasma total cholesterol and aorta atherosclerotic plaque decreased dose-dependently with the increasing amounts of CrA added into diets. This was accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in excretion of both neutral and acidic sterols. CrA had no effect on the mRNA levels of intestinal Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 protein (NPC1L1), acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase2 (ACAT2), microsomal triacylglycerol transport protein (MTP), and ATP binding cassette transporter 5 (ABCG5) as well as hepatic cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl reductase (HMG-CoA-R), sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2), LDL receptor (LDL-R), and Liver X receptor alpha (LXRα). CONCLUSION CrA as an herbal medicine could favorably modify the lipoprotein profile in hamsters fed a high cholesterol diet by enhancing excretion of fecal neutral and acidic sterols, most likely not mediated by interaction with genes of transporters, enzymes and proteins involved in cholesterol absorption and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China; School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hanyue Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Jiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- Lipids Technology and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengnan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiejie Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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73
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He WS, Pan RR, Li LL, Cui DD, Wang HH, Mao GH, Chen XQ. Combined Lowering Effect of Phytosterol Esters and Tea Extracts on Lipid Profiles in SD Rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.24.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sen He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University
| | - Rui-Rong Pan
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University
| | - Ling-Ling Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University
| | - Dan-Dan Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University
| | - Guang-Hua Mao
- School of the environment and safety engineering, Jiangsu University
| | - Xiao-Qiang Chen
- College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology
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74
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Wong TY, Tan YQ, Lin SM, Leung LK. Apigenin and luteolin display differential hypocholesterolemic mechanisms in mice fed a high-fat diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1000-1007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Ward N, Sahebkar A, Banach M, Watts G. Recent perspectives on the role of nutraceuticals as cholesterol-lowering agents. Curr Opin Lipidol 2017; 28:495-501. [PMID: 28858885 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Reduction in circulating cholesterol is an important step in lowering cardiovascular risk. Although statins are the most frequently prescribed cholesterol-lowering medication, there remains a significant portion of patients who require alternative treatment options. Nutraceuticals are increasingly popular as cholesterol-lowering agents. Despite the lack of long-term trials evaluating their use on cardiovascular endpoints and mortality, several studies have demonstrated their potential cholesterol-lowering effects. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the role of nutraceuticals as cholesterol-lowering agents. The present review will focus on individual nutraceutical compounds, which have shown modest cholesterol-lowering abilities, as well as combination nutraceuticals, which may offer potential additive and/or synergistic effects. RECENT FINDINGS Berberine, red yeast rice, and plant sterols have moderate potential as cholesterol-lowering agents. Combination nutraceuticals, including the proprietary formulation, Armolipid Plus, appear to confer additional benefit on plasma lipid profiles, even when taken with statins and other agents. SUMMARY Although robust, long-term clinical trials to examine the effects of nutraceuticals on clinical outcomes are still required, their cholesterol-lowering ability, together with their reported tolerance and safety, offer a pragmatic option for lowering plasma cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Ward
- aSchool of Biomedical Sciences & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University bSchool of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia cBiotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran dDepartment of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz ePolish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland fLipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
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76
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Zhu H, Chen ZY. Do We No Longer Need To Worry about Dietary Cholesterol? JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9931-9933. [PMID: 29134813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Zhu
- Food & Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- Food & Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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77
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Russo R, Pucci L, Giorgetti L, Árvay J, Vizzarri F, Longo V, Pozzo L. Polyphenolic characterisation of plant mixture (Lisosan® Reduction) and its hypocholesterolaemic effect in high fat diet-fed mice. Nat Prod Res 2017; 33:651-658. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1402328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Russo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, NRC, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Pucci
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, NRC, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Giorgetti
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, NRC, Pisa, Italy
| | - Július Árvay
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Francesco Vizzarri
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Longo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, NRC, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luisa Pozzo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, NRC, Pisa, Italy
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78
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Flavonoids and Their Metabolites: Prevention in Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes. Diseases 2017; 5:diseases5030019. [PMID: 32962323 PMCID: PMC5622335 DOI: 10.3390/diseases5030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of atherosclerosis and diabetes is expanding rapidly worldwide. These two metabolic disorders often co-occur, and are part of what is often referred to as the metabolic syndrome. In order to determine future therapies, we propose that molecular mechanisms should be investigated. Once the aetiology of the metabolic syndrome is clear, a nutritional intervention should be assessed. Here we focus on the protective effects of some dietary flavonoids, and their metabolites. Further studies may also pave the way for development of novel drug candidates.
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79
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Cicero AFG, Colletti A, Bajraktari G, Descamps O, Djuric DM, Ezhov M, Fras Z, Katsiki N, Langlois M, Latkovskis G, Panagiotakos DB, Paragh G, Mikhailidis DP, Mitchenko O, Paulweber B, Pella D, Pitsavos C, Reiner Ž, Ray KK, Rizzo M, Sahebkar A, Serban MC, Sperling LS, Toth PP, Vinereanu D, Vrablík M, Wong ND, Banach M. Lipid-lowering nutraceuticals in clinical practice: position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Nutr Rev 2017; 75:731-767. [PMID: 28938795 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the possible use of nutraceuticals to improve and optimize dyslipidemia control and therapy. Based on the data from available studies, nutraceuticals might help patients obtain theraputic lipid goals and reduce cardiovascular residual risk. Some nutraceuticals have essential lipid-lowering properties confirmed in studies; some might also have possible positive effects on nonlipid cardiovascular risk factors and have been shown to improve early markers of vascular health such as endothelial function and pulse wave velocity. However, the clinical evidence supporting the use of a single lipid-lowering nutraceutical or a combination of them is largely variable and, for many of the nutraceuticals, the evidence is very limited and, therefore, often debatable. The purpose of this position paper is to provide consensus-based recommendations for the optimal use of lipid-lowering nutraceuticals to manage dyslipidemia in patients who are still not on statin therapy, patients who are on statin or combination therapy but have not achieved lipid goals, and patients with statin intolerance. This statement is intended for physicians and other healthcare professionals engaged in the diagnosis and management of patients with lipid disorders, especially in the primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; and Italian Society of Nutraceuticals
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; and Italian Society of Nutraceuticals
| | - Gani Bajraktari
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo; Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo; and Kosovo Society of Cardiology
| | - Olivier Descamps
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centres Hospitaliers Jolimont, Haine Saint-Paul, Belgium; and Belgian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Dragan M Djuric
- Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian," Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; and Serbian Association for Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Research
| | - Marat Ezhov
- Russian Cardiology Research and Production Centre, Moscow, Russia; and Russian National Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Zlatko Fras
- Preventive Cardiology Unit, Department of Vascular Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Chair for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; and Slovenian Society of Cardiology
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michel Langlois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital, Bruges, Belgium; and Belgian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Gustavs Latkovskis
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; and Baltic Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- School of Health Science and Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; and Hungarian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London, London, UK
| | - Olena Mitchenko
- Dyslipidaemia Department, Institute of Cardiology AMS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; and Ukrainian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; and Austrian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Daniel Pella
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia; and Slovak Association of Atherosclerosis
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; and Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Željko Reiner
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Department of Internal Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; and Croatian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; and Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maria-Corina Serban
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research, and Department of Functional Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurence S Sperling
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter P Toth
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; and Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical Center, Sterling, Illinois, USA
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila," Bucharest, Romania; Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania; and Romanian Society of Cardiology
| | - Michal Vrablík
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; and Czech Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Nathan D Wong
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland; Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration Group; and Polish Lipid Association
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Cicero AF, Colletti A, Bajraktari G, Descamps O, Djuric DM, Ezhov M, Fras Z, Katsiki N, Langlois M, Latkovskis G, Panagiotakos DB, Paragh G, Mikhailidis DP, Mitchenko O, Paulweber B, Pella D, Pitsavos C, Reiner Ž, Ray KK, Rizzo M, Sahebkar A, Serban MC, Sperling LS, Toth PP, Vinereanu D, Vrablík M, Wong ND, Banach M. Lipid lowering nutraceuticals in clinical practice: position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:965-1005. [PMID: 28883839 PMCID: PMC5575230 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.69326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F.G. Cicero
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Italian Society of Nutraceuticals (SINut)
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Italian Society of Nutraceuticals (SINut)
| | - Gani Bajraktari
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo; Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo; Kosovo Society of Caridology
| | - Olivier Descamps
- Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian“, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Serbian Association for Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Research
| | - Dragan M. Djuric
- Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian“, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Serbian Association for Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Research
| | - Marat Ezhov
- Russian Cardiology Research and Production Centre, Moscow, Russia; Russian National Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Zlatko Fras
- Preventive Cardiology Unit, Department of Vascular Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia; Chair for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Slovenian Society of Cardiology
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michel Langlois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital, Bruges, Belgium; Belgian Atheroclerosis Society
| | - Gustavs Latkovskis
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; Baltic Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- School of Health Science and Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Hungarian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Olena Mitchenko
- 13Dyslipidaemia Department, Institute of Cardiology AMS of Ukraine, Ukraine; Ukrainian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Austrian Atheroclerosis Society (AAS)
| | - Daniel Pella
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia; Slovak Association of Atherosclerosis
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Željko Reiner
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Department of Internal Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Croatian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Kausik K. Ray
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maria-Corina Serban
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Timisoara, Romania; Department of Functional Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurence S. Sperling
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter P. Toth
- The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA; Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical Center, Sterling, Illinois, USA
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania; Romanian Society of Cardiology
| | - Michal Vrablík
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Czech Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Nathan D. Wong
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland; Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration (LBPMC) Group; Polish Lipid Association (PoLA)
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81
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Spigoni V, Aldigeri R, Antonini M, Micheli MM, Fantuzzi F, Fratter A, Pellizzato M, Derlindati E, Zavaroni I, Bonadonna RC, Dei Cas A. Effects of a New Nutraceutical Formulation (Berberine, Red Yeast Rice and Chitosan) on Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels in Individuals with Dyslipidemia: Results from a Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071498. [PMID: 28704936 PMCID: PMC5535988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased non high-density lipoprotein (HDL)/low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels are independent risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) mortality with no documented threshold. A new combination of nutraceuticals (berberine 200 mg, monacolin K 3 mg, chitosan 10 mg and coenzyme Q 10 mg) with additive lipid-lowering properties has become available. The aim of the study is to test the efficacy of the nutraceutical formulation (one daily) in lowering non-HDL cholesterol vs. placebo at 12 weeks in individuals with non-HDL-cholesterol levels ≥160 mg/dL. 39 subjects (age 52 ± 11 years; 54% females; body mass index 27 ± 4 kg/m2) were randomized (3:1) in a double blind phase II placebo-controlled study. At baseline, 4 and 12 weeks main clinical/biohumoral parameters, pro-inflammatory cytokines, (gut)-hormones, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) number were assessed. Baseline characteristics were comparable in the two groups. The intervention significantly decreased non-HDL cholesterol (−30 ± 20 mg/dL; p = 0.012), LDL cholesterol (−31 ± 18 mg/dL, p = 0.011) and apolipoprotein (Apo) B (−14 ± 12 mg/dL, p = 0.030) levels compared to the placebo. Pro-inflammatory, hormonal, PCSK9 and EPC levels remained stable throughout the study in both groups. The intervention was well tolerated. Three adverse events occurred: Epstein Barr virus infection, duodenitis and asymptomatic but significant increase in creatine phosphokinase (following intense physical exercise) which required hospitalization. The tested nutraceutical formulation may represent a possible therapeutic strategy in dyslipidemic individuals in primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Spigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Aldigeri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Monica Antonini
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Maria Maddalena Micheli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Federica Fantuzzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Fratter
- Nutraceutical Research and Innovation Technology, Labomar Research, Istrana, 31036 Treviso, Italy.
| | - Marzia Pellizzato
- Nutraceutical Formulation, Labomar Research, Istrana, 31036 Treviso, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Derlindati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ivana Zavaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
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82
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Green synthesis of β-sitostanol esters catalyzed by the versatile lipase/sterol esterase from Ophiostoma piceae. Food Chem 2017; 221:1458-1465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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83
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Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of isoquebecol. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2043-2056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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84
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da Silva Cristino Cordeiro V, de Bem GF, da Costa CA, Santos IB, de Carvalho LCRM, Ognibene DT, da Rocha APM, de Carvalho JJ, de Moura RS, Resende AC. Euterpe oleracea Mart. seed extract protects against renal injury in diabetic and spontaneously hypertensive rats: role of inflammation and oxidative stress. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:817-832. [PMID: 28105508 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE), through its anti-hypertensive, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may be useful to treat or prevent human diseases. Several evidences suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy; therefore, we tested the hypothesis that ASE (200 mg/kg-1day-1) prevents diabetes and hypertension-related oxidative stress and inflammation, attenuating renal injury. METHODS Male rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (D), and spontaneously hypertensive rats with STZ-induced diabetes (DH) were treated daily with tap water or ASE (D + ASE and DH + ASE, respectively) for 45 days. The control (C) and hypertensive (H) animals received water. RESULTS The elevated serum levels of urea and creatinine in D and DH, and increased albumin excretion in HD were reduced by ASE. Total glomeruli number in D and DH, were increased by ASE that also reduced renal fibrosis in both groups by decreasing collagen IV and TGF-β1 expression. ASE improved biomarkers of renal filtration barrier (podocin and nephrin) in D and DH groups and prevented the increased expression of caspase-3, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 in both groups. ASE reduced oxidative damage markers (TBARS, carbonyl levels and 8-isoprostane) in D and DH associated with a decrease in Nox 4 and p47 subunit expression and increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in both groups (SOD, catalase and GPx). CONCLUSION ASE substantially reduced renal injury and prevented renal dysfunction by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and improving the renal filtration barrier, providing a nutritional resource for prevention of diabetic and hypertensive-related nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane da Silva Cristino Cordeiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Graziele Freitas de Bem
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Aguiar da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Barcellos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Lenize Costa Reis Marins de Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Dayane Teixeira Ognibene
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Machado da Rocha
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Jorge José de Carvalho
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Angela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil.
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85
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Wang D, Wu Y, Liu C, Wang Y, Li Y, Luo L, Zhao Y, Ke Z, Huang C, Fan S. Ethyl acetate extract of crabapple fruit is the cholesterol-lowering fraction. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06585j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is highly associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshan Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yingchun Wu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Chuhe Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yahui Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yin Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Lingling Luo
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Zunli Ke
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Shengjie Fan
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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86
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Weerawatanakorn M, Asikin Y, Takahashi M, Tamaki H, Wada K, Ho CT, Chuekittisak R. Physico-chemical properties, wax composition, aroma profiles, and antioxidant activity of granulated non-centrifugal sugars from sugarcane cultivars of Thailand. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 53:4084-4092. [PMID: 28035164 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS) is globally consumed and has various health benefits. It is mostly produced in hardened block form, which is less convenient than in granulated form for food applications. In terms of the traditional processing of NCS, preparation of granulated products is difficult due to the impurities found in the cane juice extracted from the whole stalk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize and determine the physico-chemical properties, wax composition (policosanols and long-chain aldehydes), volatile aroma profiles, and antioxidant activity of traditional NCS in granular form made from four different cane cultivars of Thailand. The total soluble solid, pH, color, and mineral content varied among the sugarcane cultivars, whereas there was no significant difference in the total sugar, phenolic and flavonoid content. The total policosanol, a cholesterol-lowering nutraceutical wax component, and long-chain aldehyde contents were similar in the NCS products amongst three cultivars, and ranged from 2.63 to 3.69 mg/100 g. The granulated NCS products, in which acetaldehyde and dimethyl sulfide were the main volatile compounds, gave less aroma components than traditional NCS. The use of different sugarcane cultivars thus influenced the quality attributes of granulated non-centrifugal sugar products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monthana Weerawatanakorn
- Department of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Muang Phitsanulok, 65000 Thailand
| | - Yonathan Asikin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213 Japan
| | - Makoto Takahashi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213 Japan
| | - Hajime Tamaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213 Japan
| | - Koji Wada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213 Japan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Raweewan Chuekittisak
- Sukhothai Agricultural Research and Development Center, Khongtan, Srisamrong, Sukhothai 64120 Thailand
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87
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Arantes AA, Falé PL, Costa LC, Pacheco R, Ascensão L, Serralheiro ML. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity and cholesterol permeation through Caco-2 cells by caffeoylquinic acids from Vernonia condensata leaves. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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88
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Babazadeh A, Ghanbarzadeh B, Hamishehkar H. Novel nanostructured lipid carriers as a promising food grade delivery system for rutin. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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89
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Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Raczyk M, Soliven A. Lipophilic bioactive compounds in the oils recovered from cereal by-products. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:3256-3265. [PMID: 26522347 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The by-products of seven different cereal grains were investigated as a source of extractable oil, rich in lipophilic bioactive compounds. RESULTS Oil yields (g kg(-1) DW) recovered from cereal by-products were as follows: 189 (rice bran) > 112 (wheat germ) > 74 (corn bran) > 58 (oat bran) > 41 (buckwheat bran) > 39 (spelt bran) > 33 (wheat bran) > 27 (rye bran). The main fatty acids identified in the studied oil samples were palmitic acid (11.39-17.23%), oleic acid (11.76-42.73%), linoleic acid (35.54-62.65%) and α-linolenic acid (1.05-9.46%). The range of total tocochromanols and phytosterols in the obtained oils was 0.369-3.763 and 1.19-35.24 g kg(-1) of oil, respectively. The oils recovered from buckwheat and corn bran, and wheat germ were dominated by tocopherols (99.9, 84.2 and 96.5%, respectively), whereas the oat, rice, rye, spelt, wheat bran oils were rich in tocotrienols (73.9, 79.6, 78.1, 90.6 and 73.8%, respectively). The campesterol and β-sitosterol constituted 10.1-32.5 and 30.4-63.7%, respectively, of total phytosterols contents identified in all of the studied samples. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that oils recovered from the cereal by-products are richer sources of bioactive compounds, compared with traditional oils. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marianna Raczyk
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Arianne Soliven
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney (Parramatta), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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90
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Quifer-Rada P, Choy YY, Calvert CC, Waterhouse AL, Lamuela-Raventos RM. Use of metabolomics and lipidomics to evaluate the hypocholestreolemic effect of Proanthocyanidins from grape seed in a pig model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2219-2227. [PMID: 27240545 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This work aims to evaluate changes in the fecal metabolomic profile due to grape seed extract (GSE) intake by untargeted and targeted analysis using high resolution mass spectrometry in conjunction with multivariate statistics. METHODS AND RESULTS An intervention study with six crossbred female pigs was performed. The pigs followed a standard diet for 3 days, then they were fed with a supplemented diet containing 1% (w/w) of MegaNatural® Gold grape seed extract for 6 days. Fresh pig fecal samples were collected daily. A combination of untargeted high resolution mass spectrometry, multivariate analysis (PLS-DA), data-dependent MS/MS scan, and accurate mass database matching was used to measure the effect of the treatment on fecal composition. The resultant PLS-DA models showed a good discrimination among classes with great robustness and predictability. A total of 14 metabolites related to the GSE consumption were identified including biliary acid, dicarboxylic fatty acid, cholesterol metabolites, purine metabolites, and eicosanoid metabolites among others. Moreover, targeted metabolomics using GC-MS showed that cholesterol and its metabolites fecal excretion was increased due to the proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract. CONCLUSION The results show that oligomeric procyanidins from GSE modifies bile acid and steroid excretion, which could exert a hypocholesterolemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Quifer-Rada
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy -XARTA-INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBEROBN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Ying Yng Choy
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Andrew L Waterhouse
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy -XARTA-INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBEROBN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
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91
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Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Raczyk M, Mišina I, Segliņa D. Impact of Cultivar on Profile and Concentration of Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds in Kernel Oils Recovered from Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) by-Products. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 71:158-164. [PMID: 26984340 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-016-0538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipophilic bioactive compounds in oils recovered from the kernels of seven sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars, harvested at single location in 2013, were studied. Oil yield in sweet cherry ranged between 30.3-40.3 % (w/w) dw. The main fatty acids were oleic acid (39.62-49.92 %), linoleic acid (31.13-38.81 %), α-eleostearic acid (7.23-10.73 %) and palmitic acid (5.59-7.10 %), all four represented approximately 95 % of the total detected fatty acids. The ranges of total tocochromanols and sterols were between 83.1-111.1 and 233.6-419.4 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. Regardless of the cultivar, the γ-tocopherol and β-sitosterol were the main lipophilic minor bioactive compounds. The content of the carotenoids and squalene were between 0.38-0.62 and 60.9-127.7 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. Three significant correlations were found between oil yield and total contents of sterols (r = -0.852), tocochromanols (r = -0.880) and carotenoids (r = -0.698) in sweet cherry kernel oils. The oil yield, as well as the content of lipophilic bioactive compounds in oil was significantly affected by the cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia.
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marianna Raczyk
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Dalija Segliņa
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
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92
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Agaricus brasiliensis (sun mushroom) affects the expression of genes related to cholesterol homeostasis. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1707-1717. [PMID: 27151383 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The sun mushroom (Agaricus brasiliensis) is considered a major source of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. Mushrooms typically act as lipid-lowering agents; however, little is known about the mechanisms of action of A. brasiliensis in biological systems. This study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism involved in the cholesterol-lowering effect of A. brasiliensis through the assessment of fecal and serum lipid profiles in addition to gene expression analysis of specific transcription factors, enzymes, and transporters involved in cholesterol homeostasis. METHODS Twenty-four albino Fischer rats approximately 90 days old, with an average weight of 205 g, were divided into four groups of 6 each and fed a standard AIN-93 M diet (C), hypercholesterolemic diet (H), hypercholesterolemic diet +1 % A. brasiliensis (HAb), or hypercholesterolemic diet +0.008 % simvastatin (HS) for 6 weeks. Simvastatin was used as a positive control, as it is a typical drug prescribed for lipid disorders. Subsequently, blood, liver, and feces samples were collected for lipid profile and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction gene expression analyses. RESULTS Diet supplementation with A. brasiliensis significantly improved serum lipid profiles, comparable to the effect observed for simvastatin. In addition, A. brasiliensis dietary supplementation markedly promoted fecal cholesterol excretion. Increased expression of 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), ATP-binding cassette subfamily G-transporters (ABCG5/G8), and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) was observed following A. brasiliensis administration. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that consumption of A. brasiliensis improves the serum lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats by modulating the expression of key genes involved in hepatic cholesterol metabolism.
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93
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Effects of Berries Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23625. [PMID: 27006201 PMCID: PMC4804301 DOI: 10.1038/srep23625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of berries consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have not been systematically examined. Here, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis to estimate the effect of berries consumption on CVD risk factors. PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that regarding the effects of berries consumption in either healthy participants or patients with CVD. Twenty-two eligible RCTs representing 1,251 subjects were enrolled. The pooled result showed that berries consumption significantly lowered the low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol [weighted mean difference (WMD), −0.21 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.34 to −0.07; P = 0.003], systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD, −2.72 mmHg; 95% CI, −5.32 to −0.12; P = 0.04), fasting glucose (WMD, −0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.17 to −0.03; P = 0.004), body mass index (BMI) (WMD, −0.36 kg/m2; 95% CI, −0.54 to −0.18, P < 0.00001), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD, −0.20%; 95% CI, −0.39 to −0.01; P = 0.04) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (WMD, −0.99 ρg/mL; 95% CI, −1.96 to −0.02; P = 0.04). However, no significant changes were seen in other markers. The current evidence suggests that berries consumption might be utilized as a possible new effective and safe supplementary option to better prevent and control CVD in humans.
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94
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Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Raczyk M, Mišina I, Soliven A, Lācis G, Segliņa D. Impact of Species and Variety on Concentrations of Minor Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds in Oils Recovered from Plum Kernels. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:898-905. [PMID: 26730611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The profile of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, and squalene) in oils recovered from the kernels of 28 plum varieties of hexaploid species Prunus domestica L. and diploid plums Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. and their crossbreeds were studied. Oil yields in plum kernels of both P. cerasifera and P. domestica was in wide ranges of 22.6-53.1 and 24.2-46.9% (w/w) dw, respectively. The contents of total tocochromanols, carotenoids, phytosterols, and squalene was significantly affected by the variety and ranged between 70.7 and 208.7 mg/100 g of oil, between 0.41 and 3.07 mg/100 g of oil, between 297.2 and 1569.6 mg/100 g of oil, and between 25.7 and 80.4 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. Regardless of the cultivar, β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol were the main minor lipophilic compounds in plum kernel oils and constituted between 208.5 and 1258.7 mg/100 g of oil and between 60.5 and 182.0 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. Between the studied plum species, significant differences were recorded for δ-tocopherol (p = 0.007), 24-methylenecycloartanol (p = 0.038), and citrostadienol (p = 0.003), but they were insufficient for discrimination by PCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marianna Raczyk
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia
| | - Arianne Soliven
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University (Parramatta) , Sydney, NSW, 2150 Australia
| | - Gunārs Lācis
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia
| | - Dalija Segliņa
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia
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95
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Rudzińska M, Górnaś P, Raczyk M, Soliven A. Sterols and squalene in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernel oils: the variety as a key factor. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:84-88. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1135146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing, Dobele, Latvia
| | - Marianna Raczyk
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Arianne Soliven
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney (Parramatta), Sydney, Australia
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Herrera Chalé F, Ruiz Ruiz JC, Betancur Ancona D, Acevedo Fernández JJ, Segura Campos MR. The hypolipidemic effect and antithrombotic activity of Mucuna pruriens protein hydrolysates. Food Funct 2016; 7:434-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01012h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysates and peptide fractions (PF) obtained fromM. pruriensprotein concentrates with commercial and digestive enzymatic systems were studied for their hypolipidemic and antithrombotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Herrera Chalé
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química
- Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Periférico Norte Km. 33.5
- 97203 Mérida
- México
| | - Jorge Carlos Ruiz Ruiz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química-Bioquímica
- Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida. Av. Tecnológico Km 4.5 S/N
- C.P. 97118. Mérida
- México
| | - David Betancur Ancona
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química
- Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Periférico Norte Km. 33.5
- 97203 Mérida
- México
| | - Juan José Acevedo Fernández
- Facultad de Medicina
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Calle Iztaccihuátl Esq. Leñeros S/N
- 62350 Cuernavaca
- Morelos
| | - Maira Rubi Segura Campos
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química
- Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Periférico Norte Km. 33.5
- 97203 Mérida
- México
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97
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Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Raczyk M, Mišina I, Soliven A, Segliņa D. Chemical Composition of Seed Oils Recovered from Different Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Cultivars. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-015-2768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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98
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Pozzo L, Pucci L, Buonamici G, Giorgetti L, Maltinti M, Longo V. Effect of white wheat bread and white wheat bread added with bioactive compounds on hypercholesterolemic and steatotic mice fed a high-fat diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:2454-2461. [PMID: 25348650 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of white wheat bread and white wheat bread added with a bioactive compound mixture (Cyclanthera pedata, Glycine max, Monascus-fermented red mold rice, Cynara scolymus and Medicago sativa) were examined on hypercholesterolemic and steatotic mice, divided into four groups: control diet (CTR), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet with white wheat bread added with 1.5 g kg(-1) of mixture (HFD+AB) and high-fat diet with white wheat bread (HFD+B). RESULTS Total serum cholesterol in the HFD+AB and HFD+B groups and hepatic triglycerides in the HFD+AB group decreased compared with the HFD group. Liver histology confirmed lower lipid drop accumulation in the HFD+AB group than in the HFD and HFD+B groups. HFD+AB caused a 7.0-fold increase and a 3.5-fold reduction in CYP7A1 and SREBP-1c gene expression respectively compared with the HFD group. Moreover, the HFD+B group showed a 2.2-, 8.4- and 1.5-fold increase in HMG CoA reductase, CYP7A1 and LDLr gene expression respectively compared with the HFD group. CONCLUSION Both the white wheat bread and the added white wheat bread induced cholesterol reduction by increasing CYP7A1. Moreover, the added white wheat bread improved steatosis by decreasing SREBP-1c gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Pozzo
- Istituto di Biotecnologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA), CNR, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Pucci
- Istituto di Biotecnologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA), CNR, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Giorgetti
- Istituto di Biotecnologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA), CNR, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Longo
- Istituto di Biotecnologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA), CNR, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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Islam B, Sharma C, Adem A, Aburawi E, Ojha S. Insight into the mechanism of polyphenols on the activity of HMGR by molecular docking. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:4943-51. [PMID: 26357462 PMCID: PMC4560516 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s86705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Statins are hypolipidemic drugs that are effective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia by attenuating cholesterol synthesis in the liver via competitive inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Recently, dietary changes associated with drug therapy have garnered attention as novel drugs to mitigate or ameliorate hypercholesterolemia. The present study was undertaken to observe different dietary polyphenols that can bind to the active site of HMGR and inhibit it. Results from the 12 dietary polyphenols tested reveal that polyphenols can bind to HMGR and block the binding of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). We observed that the rigidity of phenolic rings prevents the polyphenols from docking to the enzyme activity site. The presence of an ester linkage between the phenolic rings in (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and the alkyl chain in curcumin allows them to orient in the active site of the HMGR and bind to the catalytic residues. EGCG and curcumin showed binding to the active site residues with a low GRID score, which may be a potential inhibitor of HMGR. Kaempferol showed binding to HMG-CoA, but with low binding affinity. These observations provide a rationale for the consistent hypolipidemic effect of EGCG and curcumin, which has been previously reported in several epidemiological and animal studies. Therefore, this study substantiates the mechanism of polyphenols on the activity of HMGR by molecular docking and provides the impetus for drug design involving further structure–function relationship studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barira Islam
- Department of Paediatrics, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdu Adem
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elhadi Aburawi
- Department of Paediatrics, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Tomotake H, Kayashita J, Kato N. Hypolipidemic activity of common (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and tartary (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) buckwheat. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:1963-1967. [PMID: 25363871 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Buckwheat grain has well-balanced nutritional value, whereas its digestibility is relatively low. This review summarizes recent advances in studies on the hypolipidemic activity of buckwheat. The most remarkable function is a powerful hypocholesterolemic activity of buckwheat protein in rats, which is far stronger than that of soy protein. The cholesterol-lowering effect is mediated by mechanisms involving higher excretion of fecal sterols and lower digestibility of buckwheat protein. The insoluble fraction of buckwheat protein associates with cholesterol and reduces micelle cholesterol uptake in caco-2 cells. Furthermore, consumption of buckwheat protein suppresses cholesterol-induced gallstones and body fat in rodents. Buckwheat sprouts also have hypolipidemic activity in rats or type 2 diabetic mice. Tartary buckwheat bran extract reduced the serum level of total cholesterol and triglyceride in hyperlipidemic rats. The consumption of buckwheat seed reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the pastureland Mongolian population. Taken together, buckwheat may be beneficial for prevention of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Kayashita
- Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8558, Japan
| | - Norihisa Kato
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
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