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Li Y, Sharma A, Schmidt-Wolf IGH. Evolving insights into the improvement of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy through PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in the clinical spectrum of lung cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:80. [PMID: 38659003 PMCID: PMC11040940 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Undeniably, cancer immunotherapies have expanded the spectrum of cancer treatment, however, some patients do not respond to immunotherapies. This scenario is no different for lung cancer, whose two main types, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), still pose a serious clinical challenge. Adoptive T-cell therapies (ATC), which primarily include cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy and γδ-T-cell therapy, strengthen the patient's immune system in combating cancer. Combining ATC with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) further enhances the effectiveness of this approach to eradicate cancer. With a particular emphasis on CIK cell therapy, which recently completed 30 years, we highlight the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in NSCLC and SCLC. Besides, we provide insights into the potential synergies of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with adoptive T-cell immunotherapy in reshaping the treatment paradigm for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Li
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, D-53127,, Bonn, Germany
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, D-53127,, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, D-53127,, Bonn, Germany.
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52
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Guo J, Yu F, Zhang K, Jiang S, Zhang X, Wang T. Beyond inhibition against the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: development of PD-L1 inhibitors targeting internalization and degradation of PD-L1. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1096-1108. [PMID: 38665824 PMCID: PMC11042118 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00636k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells hijack the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway to suppress the immune response through overexpressing PD-L1 to interact with PD-1 of T cells. With in-depth ongoing research, tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 is found to play important roles in tumor progression without interaction with PD-1 expressed on T cells, which provides an additional important target and therapeutic approach for development of PD-L1 inhibitors. Existing monoclonal antibody (mAb) drugs against the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway generally behave by conformationally blocking the interactions of PD-1 with PD-L1 on the cell surface. Beyond general inhibition of the protein-protein interaction (PPI), inhibitors targeting PD-L1 currently focus on the functional inhibition of the interaction between PD-1/PD-L1 and degradation of tumor-intrinsic PD-L1. This perspective will clarify the evolution of PD-L1 inhibitors and provide insights into the current development of PD-L1 inhibitors, especially targeting internalization and degradation of PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazheng Guo
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Fengyi Yu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Kuojun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
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53
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Deng D, Zhang T, Ma L, Zhao W, Huang S, Wang K, Shu S, Chen X. PD-L1/PD-1 pathway: a potential neuroimmune target for pain relief. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:51. [PMID: 38643205 PMCID: PMC11031890 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is a common symptom of many diseases with a high incidence rate. Clinically, drug treatment, as the main method to relieve pain at present, is often accompanied by different degrees of adverse reactions. Therefore, it is urgent to gain a profound understanding of the pain mechanisms in order to develop advantageous analgesic targets. The PD-L1/PD-1 pathway, an important inhibitory molecule in the immune system, has taken part in regulating neuroinflammation and immune response. Accumulating evidence indicates that the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway is aberrantly activated in various pain models. And blocking PD-L1/PD-1 pathway will aggravate pain behaviors. This review aims to summarize the emerging evidence on the role of the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway in alleviating pain and provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in pain resolution, including the regulation of macrophages, microglia, T cells, as well as nociceptor neurons. However, its underlying mechanism still needs to be further elucidated in the future. In conclusion, despite more deep researches are needed, these pioneering studies indicate that PD-L1/PD-1 may be a potential neuroimmune target for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daling Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaofang Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
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Javed SA, Najmi A, Ahsan W, Zoghebi K. Targeting PD-1/PD-L-1 immune checkpoint inhibition for cancer immunotherapy: success and challenges. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383456. [PMID: 38660299 PMCID: PMC11039846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) acts as a T-cell brake, and its interaction with ligand-1 (PD-L-1) interferes with signal transduction of the T-cell receptor. This leads to suppression of T-cell survival, proliferation, and activity in the tumor microenvironment resulting in compromised anticancer immunity. PD-1/PD-L-1 interaction blockade shown remarkable clinical success in various cancer immunotherapies. To date, most PD-1/PD-L-1 blockers approved for clinical use are monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); however, their therapeutic use are limited owing to poor clinical responses in a proportion of patients. mAbs also displayed low tumor penetration, steep production costs, and incidences of immune-related side effects. This strongly indicates the importance of developing novel inhibitors as cancer immunotherapeutic agents. Recently, advancements in the small molecule-based inhibitors (SMIs) that directly block the PD-1/PD-L-1 axis gained attention from the scientific community involved in cancer research. SMIs demonstrated certain advantages over mAbs, including longer half-lives, low cost, greater cell penetration, and possibility of oral administration. Currently, several SMIs are in development pipeline as potential therapeutics for cancer immunotherapy. To develop new SMIs, a wide range of structural scaffolds have been explored with excellent outcomes; biphenyl-based scaffolds are most studied. In this review, we analyzed the development of mAbs and SMIs targeting PD-1/PD-L-1 axis for cancer treatment. Altogether, the present review delves into the problems related to mAbs use and a detailed discussion on the development and current status of SMIs. This article may provide a comprehensive guide to medicinal chemists regarding the potential structural scaffolds required for PD-1/PD-L-1 interaction inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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55
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Gondal MN, Cieslik M, Chinnaiyan AM. Integrated cancer cell-specific single-cell RNA-seq datasets of immune checkpoint blockade-treated patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.17.576110. [PMID: 38328153 PMCID: PMC10849474 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.576110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have emerged as a promising avenue for the treatment of various cancers. Despite their success, the efficacy of these treatments is variable across patients and cancer types. Numerous single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies have been conducted to unravel cell-specific responses to ICB treatment. However, these studies are limited in their sample sizes and require advanced coding skills for exploration. Here, we have compiled eight scRNA-seq datasets from nine cancer types, encompassing 174 patients, and 90,270 cancer cells. This compilation forms a unique resource tailored for investigating how cancer cells respond to ICB treatment across cancer types. We meticulously curated, quality-checked, pre-processed, and analyzed the data, ensuring easy access for researchers. Moreover, we designed a user-friendly interface for seamless exploration. By sharing the code and data for creating these interfaces, we aim to assist fellow researchers. These resources offer valuable support to those interested in leveraging and exploring single-cell datasets across diverse cancer types, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of ICB responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoor N. Gondal
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Marcin Cieslik
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Arul M. Chinnaiyan
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI USA
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56
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Yang Y, Chen Z, Zhou J, Jiang S, Wang G, Wan L, Yu J, Jiang M, Wang Y, Hu J, Liu X, Wang Y. Anti-PD-1 treatment protects against seizure by suppressing sodium channel function. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14504. [PMID: 37904722 PMCID: PMC11017438 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) typically serves as a target for immunotherapies, a few recent studies have found that PD-1 is expressed in the nervous system and that neuronal PD-1 might play a crucial role in regulating neuronal excitability. However, whether brain-localized PD-1 is involved in seizures and epileptogenesis is still unknown and worthy of in-depth exploration. METHODS The existence of PD-1 in human neurons was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and PD-1 expression levels were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Chemoconvulsants, pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and cyclothiazide (CTZ), were applied for the establishment of in vivo (rodents) and in vitro (primary hippocampal neurons) models of seizure, respectively. SHR-1210 (a PD-1 monoclonal antibody) and sodium stibogluconate (SSG, a validated inhibitor of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 [SHP-1]) were administrated to investigate the impact of PD-1 pathway blockade on epileptic behaviors of rodents and epileptiform discharges of neurons. A miRNA strategy was applied to determine the impact of PD-1 knockdown on neuronal excitability. The electrical activities and sodium channel function of neurons were determined by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. The interaction between PD-1 and α-6 subunit of human voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.6) was validated by performing co-immunostaining and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiments. RESULTS Our results reveal that PD-1 protein and mRNA levels were upregulated in lesion cores compared with perifocal tissues of surgically resected specimens from patients with intractable epilepsy. Furthermore, we show that anti-PD-1 treatment has anti-seizure effects both in vivo and in vitro. Then, we reveal that PD-1 blockade can alter the electrophysiological properties of sodium channels. Moreover, we reveal that PD-1 acts together with downstream SHP-1 to regulate sodium channel function and hence neuronal excitability. Further investigation suggests that there is a direct interaction between neuronal PD-1 and Nav1.6. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that neuronal PD-1 plays an important role in epilepsy and that anti-PD-1 treatment protects against seizures by suppressing sodium channel function, identifying anti-PD-1 treatment as a novel therapeutic strategy for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Yang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Rehabilitation CenterShenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Shize Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Rehabilitation CenterShenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Jiangning Yu
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yulong Wang
- Rehabilitation CenterShenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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De Velasco MA, Kura Y, Fujita K, Uemura H. Moving toward improved immune checkpoint immunotherapy for advanced prostate cancer. Int J Urol 2024; 31:307-324. [PMID: 38167824 DOI: 10.1111/iju.15378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Human prostate cancer is a heterogenous malignancy that responds poorly to immunotherapy targeting immune checkpoints. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that is typical of human prostate cancer has been the main obstacle to these treatments. The effectiveness of these therapies is also hindered by acquired resistance, leading to slow progress in prostate cancer immunotherapy. Results from the highly anticipated late-stage clinical trials of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade in patients with advanced prostate cancer have highlighted some of the obstacles to immunotherapy. Despite the setbacks, there is much that has been learned about the mechanisms that drive resistance, and new strategies are being developed and tested. Here, we review the status of immune checkpoint blockade and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and discuss factors contributing to innate and adaptive resistance to immune checkpoint blockade within the context of prostate cancer. We then examine current strategies aiming to overcome these challenges as well as prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A De Velasco
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Yurie Kura
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Uemura
- Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
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Lu J, Yu D, Li H, Qin P, Chen H, Chen L. Promising natural products targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 for cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38558278 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of Src homology-2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) inhibitors is a hot spot in the research and development of antitumor drugs, which may induce immunomodulatory effects in the tumor microenvironment and participate in anti-tumor immune responses. To date, several SHP2 inhibitors have made remarkable progress and entered clinical trials for the treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors. Multiple compounds derived from natural products have been proved to influence tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and other cellular functions, modulate cell cycle and immune cell activation by regulating the function of SHP2 and its mutants. However, there is a paucity of information about their diversity, biochemistry, and therapeutic potential of targeting SHP2 in tumors. This review will provide the structure, classification, inhibitory activities, experimental models, and antitumor effects of the natural products. Notably, this review summarizes recent advance in the efficacy and pharmacological mechanism of natural products targeting SHP2 in inhibiting the various signaling pathways that regulate different cancers and thus pave the way for further development of anticancer drugs targeting SHP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danmei Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Qin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Riondino S, Rosenfeld R, Formica V, Morelli C, Parisi G, Torino F, Mariotti S, Roselli M. Effectiveness of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with a Diagnosis of COPD: Is This a Hidden Prognosticator for Survival and a Risk Factor for Immune-Related Adverse Events? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1251. [PMID: 38610929 PMCID: PMC11011072 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the immune system and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is complex and multifaceted. In COPD, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress can lead to immune dysfunction that can exacerbate lung damage, further worsening the respiratory symptoms. In NSCLC, immune cells can recognise and attack the cancer cells, which, however, can evade or suppress the immune response by various mechanisms, such as expressing immune checkpoint proteins or secreting immunosuppressive cytokines, thus creating an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that promotes cancer progression and metastasis. The interaction between COPD and NSCLC further complicates the immune response. In patients with both diseases, COPD can impair the immune response against cancer cells by reducing or suppressing the activity of immune cells, or altering their cytokine profile. Moreover, anti-cancer treatments can also affect the immune system and worsen COPD symptoms by causing lung inflammation and fibrosis. Immunotherapy itself can also cause immune-related adverse events that could worsen the respiratory symptoms in patients with COPD-compromised lungs. In the present review, we tried to understand the interplay between the two pathologies and how the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with COPD is affected in these patients.
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Onciul R, Brehar FM, Toader C, Covache-Busuioc RA, Glavan LA, Bratu BG, Costin HP, Dumitrascu DI, Serban M, Ciurea AV. Deciphering Glioblastoma: Fundamental and Novel Insights into the Biology and Therapeutic Strategies of Gliomas. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2402-2443. [PMID: 38534769 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas constitute a diverse and complex array of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a wide range of prognostic outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. This literature review endeavors to conduct a thorough investigation of gliomas, with a particular emphasis on glioblastoma (GBM), beginning with their classification and epidemiological characteristics, evaluating their relative importance within the CNS tumor spectrum. We examine the immunological context of gliomas, unveiling the intricate immune environment and its ramifications for disease progression and therapeutic strategies. Moreover, we accentuate critical developments in understanding tumor behavior, focusing on recent research breakthroughs in treatment responses and the elucidation of cellular signaling pathways. Analyzing the most novel transcriptomic studies, we investigate the variations in gene expression patterns in glioma cells, assessing the prognostic and therapeutic implications of these genetic alterations. Furthermore, the role of epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of gliomas is underscored, suggesting that such changes are fundamental to tumor evolution and possible therapeutic advancements. In the end, this comparative oncological analysis situates GBM within the wider context of neoplasms, delineating both distinct and shared characteristics with other types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Onciul
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neurosurgery Department, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felix-Mircea Brehar
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital "Bagdasar-Arseni", 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Toader
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, 077160 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Luca-Andrei Glavan
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Petre Costin
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - David-Ioan Dumitrascu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Matei Serban
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neurosurgery Department, Sanador Clinical Hospital, 010991 Bucharest, Romania
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Ye X, Yu Y, Zheng X, Ma H. Clinical immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:64. [PMID: 38430289 PMCID: PMC10908626 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains a challenging disease with limited treatment options, resulting in high mortality rates. The predominant approach to managing pancreatic cancer patients continues to be systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy. Despite substantial advancements in immunotherapy strategies for various cancers, their clinical utility in pancreatic cancer has proven less effective and durable. Whether administered as monotherapy, employing immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor vaccines, chimeric antigen receptors T cells, or in combination with conventional chemoradiotherapy, the clinical outcomes remain underwhelming. Extensive preclinical experiments and clinical trials in the realm of pancreatic cancer have provided valuable insights into the complexities of immunotherapy. Chief among the hurdles are the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, limited immunogenicity, and the inherent heterogeneity of pancreatic cancer. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview and critical analysis of current clinical immunotherapy strategies for pancreatic cancer, emphasizing their endeavors to overcome immunotherapy resistance. Particular focus is placed on strategies aimed at reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing T cell-mediated tumor cell killing. Ultimately, through deeper elucidation of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of pancreatic cancer and the refinement of therapeutic approaches, we anticipate breakthroughs that will pave the way for more effective treatments in this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohu Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongdi Ma
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
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Vargas Aguilar S, Cui M, Tan W, Sanchez-Ortiz E, Bassel-Duby R, Liu N, Olson EN. The PD-1-PD-L1 pathway maintains an immunosuppressive environment essential for neonatal heart regeneration. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:389-402. [PMID: 38737787 PMCID: PMC11086661 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The adult mouse heart responds to injury by scarring with consequent loss of contractile function, whereas the neonatal heart possesses the ability to regenerate. Activation of the immune system is among the first events upon tissue injury. It has been shown that immune response kinetics differ between regeneration and pathological remodeling, yet the underlying mechanisms of the distinct immune reactions during tissue healing remain unclear. Here we show that the immunomodulatory PD-1-PD-L1 pathway is highly active in regenerative neonatal hearts but rapidly silenced later in life. Deletion of the PD-1 receptor or inactivation of its ligand PD-L1 prevented regeneration of neonatal hearts after injury. Disruption of the pathway during neonatal cardiac injury led to increased inflammation and aberrant T cell activation, which ultimately impaired cardiac regeneration. Our findings reveal an immunomodulatory and cardioprotective role for the PD-1-PD-L1 pathway in heart regeneration and offer potential avenues for the control of adult tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Vargas Aguilar
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Stephanie Vargas Aguilar, Miao Cui
| | - Miao Cui
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Stephanie Vargas Aguilar, Miao Cui
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Efrain Sanchez-Ortiz
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology and the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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63
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Caruso B, Weeder BR, Thompson RF, Moran AE. PD-1 Limits IL-2 Production and Thymic Regulatory T Cell Development. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:281-294. [PMID: 38551395 PMCID: PMC10985057 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory proteins, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), have been studied extensively in peripheral T cell responses to foreign Ags, self-Ags, and neoantigens. Notably, these proteins are first expressed during T cell development in the thymus. Reports suggest that PD-1 limits regulatory T cell (Treg) development, but the mechanism by which PD-1 exerts this function remains unknown. The present study expands the evaluation of murine PD-1 and its ligands in the thymus, demonstrating that some of the highest expressers of PD-1 and programmed death-ligand 1 are agonist selected cells. Surprisingly, we reveal a selective role for PD-1 in regulating the developmental niche only for Tregs because other agonist selected cell populations, such as NK T cells, remain unchanged. We also ruled out PD-1 as a regulator of proliferation or cell death of agonist selected Tregs and further demonstrated that PD-1-deficient Tregs have reduced TCR signaling. Unexpectedly, the data suggest that PD-1-deficient thymocytes produce elevated levels of IL-2, a Treg niche-limiting cytokine. Collectively, these data suggest a novel role for PD-1 in regulating IL-2 production and the concurrent agonist selection of murine thymic Tregs. This observation has implications for the use of checkpoint blockade in the context of cancer and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna Caruso
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Benjamin R. Weeder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Reid F. Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland,OR
| | - Amy E. Moran
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
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Chaib S, López-Domínguez JA, Lalinde-Gutiérrez M, Prats N, Marin I, Boix O, García-Garijo A, Meyer K, Muñoz MI, Aguilera M, Mateo L, Stephan-Otto Attolini C, Llanos S, Pérez-Ramos S, Escorihuela M, Al-Shahrour F, Cash TP, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Abad M, Gros A, Arribas J, Serrano M. The efficacy of chemotherapy is limited by intratumoral senescent cells expressing PD-L2. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:448-462. [PMID: 38267628 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy often generates intratumoral senescent cancer cells that strongly modify the tumor microenvironment, favoring immunosuppression and tumor growth. We discovered, through an unbiased proteomics screen, that the immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) is highly upregulated upon induction of senescence in different types of cancer cells. PD-L2 is not required for cells to undergo senescence, but it is critical for senescent cells to evade the immune system and persist intratumorally. Indeed, after chemotherapy, PD-L2-deficient senescent cancer cells are rapidly eliminated and tumors do not produce the senescence-associated chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2. Accordingly, PD-L2-deficient pancreatic tumors fail to recruit myeloid-derived suppressor cells and undergo regression driven by CD8 T cells after chemotherapy. Finally, antibody-mediated blockade of PD-L2 strongly synergizes with chemotherapy causing remission of mammary tumors in mice. The combination of chemotherapy with anti-PD-L2 provides a therapeutic strategy that exploits vulnerabilities arising from therapy-induced senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Chaib
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Marta Lalinde-Gutiérrez
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Prats
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ines Marin
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olga Boix
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea García-Garijo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kathleen Meyer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Cambridge Institute of Science, Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
| | - María Isabel Muñoz
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Mateo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Susana Llanos
- DNA Replication Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez-Ramos
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Escorihuela
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fatima Al-Shahrour
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - María Abad
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Cambridge Institute of Science, Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alena Gros
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Cambridge Institute of Science, Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.
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65
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Bibas M. Plasmablastic Lymphoma. A State-of-the-Art Review: Part 2-Focus on Therapy. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2024; 16:e2024015. [PMID: 38468838 PMCID: PMC10927196 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2024.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this two-part review is to present a current and comprehensive understanding of the diagnosis and management of plasmablastic lymphoma. The first part, which was published previously, focused on the study of epidemiology, etiology, clinicopathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, prognostic variables, and the impact of plasmablastic lymphoma on specific populations. This second part addresses the difficult topic of the treatment of plasmablastic lymphoma, specifically examining both the conventional, consolidated approach and the novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bibas
- Department of Clinical Research, Hematology. National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" I.R.C.S.S. Via Portuense 292 00148 Rome Italy
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66
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Wang CW, Biswas PK, Islam A, Chen MK, Chueh PJ. The Use of Immune Regulation in Treating Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Cells 2024; 13:413. [PMID: 38474377 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising new treatment modality for head and neck cancer, offering the potential for targeted and effective cancer management. Squamous cell carcinomas pose significant challenges due to their aggressive nature and limited treatment options. Conventional therapies such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy often have limited success rates and can have significant side effects. Immunotherapy harnesses the power of the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, and thus represents a novel approach with the potential to improve patient outcomes. In the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), important contributions are made by immunotherapies, including adaptive cell therapy (ACT) and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. In this review, we are focusing on the latter. Immune checkpoint inhibitors target proteins such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) to enhance the immune response against cancer cells. The CTLA-4 inhibitors, such as ipilimumab and tremelimumab, have been approved for early-stage clinical trials and have shown promising outcomes in terms of tumor regression and durable responses in patients with advanced HNSCC. Thus, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy holds promise in overcoming the limitations of conventional therapies. However, further research is needed to optimize treatment regimens, identify predictive biomarkers, and overcome potential resistance mechanisms. With ongoing advancements in immunotherapy, the future holds great potential for transforming the landscape of oral tumor treatment and providing new hope for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
| | - Pulak Kumar Biswas
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Atikul Islam
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
| | - Pin Ju Chueh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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Jungbauer F, Affolter A, Brochhausen C, Lammert A, Ludwig S, Merx K, Rotter N, Huber L. Risk factors for immune-related adverse effects during CPI therapy in patients with head and neck malignancies - a single center study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1287178. [PMID: 38420014 PMCID: PMC10899674 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1287178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD1 inhibitors, represent an important pillar in the therapy of advanced malignancies of the head and neck region. The most relevant complications are immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), which represent an immense burden for patients. Currently, no sufficient stratification measures are available to identify patients at increased risk of irAEs. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine whether demographic, histopathological, clinical, or laboratory values at the start of CPI therapy represent a risk factor for the later occurrence of autoimmune complications. Material and methods Data from 35 patients between 2018 and 2021 who received therapy with nivolumab or pembrolizumab for head and neck malignancy were analyzed and assessed for any associations with the subsequent occurrence of irAEs. Results IrAE developed in 37% of patients, with pneumonitis being the most common form (14%). Pneumonitis was found in patients with an average significantly lower T-stage of primary tumors. An increase in basophilic leukocytes was found in patients with dermatitis later in the course. When thyroiditis developed later, the patients had a higher CPS score and lower monocyte levels. Discussion Even though individual laboratory values at the beginning of therapy might show a statistical association with the later occurrence of irAEs, neither demographic, histopathological, nor laboratory chemistry values seem to be able to generate a sound and reliable risk profile for this type of complication. Therefore, patients need to be educated and sensitized to irAEs, and regular screening for irAEs should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Jungbauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Annette Affolter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Brochhausen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Lammert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonja Ludwig
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kirsten Merx
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lena Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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68
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Lippert AH, Paluch C, Gaglioni M, Vuong MT, McColl J, Jenkins E, Fellermeyer M, Clarke J, Sharma S, Moreira da Silva S, Akkaya B, Anzilotti C, Morgan SH, Jessup CF, Körbel M, Gileadi U, Leitner J, Knox R, Chirifu M, Huo J, Yu S, Ashman N, Lui Y, Wilkinson I, Attfield KE, Fugger L, Robertson NJ, Lynch CJ, Murray L, Steinberger P, Santos AM, Lee SF, Cornall RJ, Klenerman D, Davis SJ. Antibody agonists trigger immune receptor signaling through local exclusion of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases. Immunity 2024; 57:256-270.e10. [PMID: 38354703 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Antibodies can block immune receptor engagement or trigger the receptor machinery to initiate signaling. We hypothesized that antibody agonists trigger signaling by sterically excluding large receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) such as CD45 from sites of receptor engagement. An agonist targeting the costimulatory receptor CD28 produced signals that depended on antibody immobilization and were sensitive to the sizes of the receptor, the RPTPs, and the antibody itself. Although both the agonist and a non-agonistic anti-CD28 antibody locally excluded CD45, the agonistic antibody was more effective. An anti-PD-1 antibody that bound membrane proximally excluded CD45, triggered Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 recruitment, and suppressed systemic lupus erythematosus and delayed-type hypersensitivity in experimental models. Paradoxically, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, anti-PD-1-blocking antibodies used clinically, also excluded CD45 and were agonistic in certain settings. Reducing these agonistic effects using antibody engineering improved PD-1 blockade. These findings establish a framework for developing new and improved therapies for autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H Lippert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher Paluch
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MiroBio Ltd, Winchester House, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Meike Gaglioni
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mai T Vuong
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James McColl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward Jenkins
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Fellermeyer
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joseph Clarke
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sumana Sharma
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Billur Akkaya
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Consuelo Anzilotti
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sara H Morgan
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claire F Jessup
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Markus Körbel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Uzi Gileadi
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Judith Leitner
- Division of Immune Receptors and T cell Activation, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rachel Knox
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mami Chirifu
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jiandong Huo
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan Yu
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Ashman
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuan Lui
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Kathrine E Attfield
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lars Fugger
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Lynne Murray
- MiroBio Ltd, Winchester House, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Division of Immune Receptors and T cell Activation, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Mafalda Santos
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steven F Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard J Cornall
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Simon J Davis
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Burke KP, Chaudhri A, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH. The B7:CD28 family and friends: Unraveling coinhibitory interactions. Immunity 2024; 57:223-244. [PMID: 38354702 PMCID: PMC10889489 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Immune responses must be tightly regulated to ensure both optimal protective immunity and tolerance. Costimulatory pathways within the B7:CD28 family provide essential signals for optimal T cell activation and clonal expansion. They provide crucial inhibitory signals that maintain immune homeostasis, control resolution of inflammation, regulate host defense, and promote tolerance to prevent autoimmunity. Tumors and chronic pathogens can exploit these pathways to evade eradication by the immune system. Advances in understanding B7:CD28 pathways have ushered in a new era of immunotherapy with effective drugs to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and transplant rejection. Here, we discuss current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the coinhibitory functions of CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1:B7-1 and PD-L2:RGMb interactions and less studied B7 family members, including HHLA2, VISTA, BTNL2, and BTN3A1, as well as their overlapping and unique roles in regulating immune responses, and the therapeutic potential of these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly P Burke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Apoorvi Chaudhri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Sharma NK, Bahot A, Sekar G, Bansode M, Khunteta K, Sonar PV, Hebale A, Salokhe V, Sinha BK. Understanding Cancer's Defense against Topoisomerase-Active Drugs: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:680. [PMID: 38398072 PMCID: PMC10886629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the emergence of cancer drug resistance has been one of the crucial tumor hallmarks that are supported by the level of genetic heterogeneity and complexities at cellular levels. Oxidative stress, immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming, overexpression of ABC transporters, and stemness are among the several key contributing molecular and cellular response mechanisms. Topo-active drugs, e.g., doxorubicin and topotecan, are clinically active and are utilized extensively against a wide variety of human tumors and often result in the development of resistance and failure to therapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for an incremental and comprehensive understanding of mechanisms of cancer drug resistance specifically in the context of topo-active drugs. This review delves into the intricate mechanistic aspects of these intracellular and extracellular topo-active drug resistance mechanisms and explores the use of potential combinatorial approaches by utilizing various topo-active drugs and inhibitors of pathways involved in drug resistance. We believe that this review will help guide basic scientists, pre-clinicians, clinicians, and policymakers toward holistic and interdisciplinary strategies that transcend resistance, renewing optimism in the ongoing battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Anjali Bahot
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Gopinath Sekar
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Mahima Bansode
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Kratika Khunteta
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Priyanka Vijay Sonar
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Ameya Hebale
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Vaishnavi Salokhe
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India; (N.K.S.); (A.B.); (G.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (P.V.S.); (A.H.); (V.S.)
| | - Birandra Kumar Sinha
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
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Jo W, Won T, Daoud A, Čiháková D. Immune checkpoint inhibitors associated cardiovascular immune-related adverse events. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1340373. [PMID: 38375475 PMCID: PMC10875074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are specialized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target immune checkpoints and their ligands, counteracting cancer cell-induced T-cell suppression. Approved ICIs like cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1), its ligand PD-L1, and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) have improved cancer patient outcomes by enhancing anti-tumor responses. However, some patients are unresponsive, and others experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs), affecting organs like the lung, liver, intestine, skin and now the cardiovascular system. These cardiac irAEs include conditions like myocarditis, atherosclerosis, pericarditis, arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy. Ongoing clinical trials investigate promising alternative co-inhibitory receptor targets, including T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) and T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT). This review delves into the mechanisms of approved ICIs (CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, and LAG-3) and upcoming options like Tim-3 and TIGIT. It explores the use of ICIs in cancer treatment, supported by both preclinical and clinical data. Additionally, it examines the mechanisms behind cardiac toxic irAEs, focusing on ICI-associated myocarditis and atherosclerosis. These insights are vital as ICIs continue to revolutionize cancer therapy, offering hope to patients, while also necessitating careful monitoring and management of potential side effects, including emerging cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Taejoon Won
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Abdel Daoud
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Daniela Čiháková
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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72
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Xu Y, Shao B, Zhang Y. The significance of targeting lysosomes in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1308070. [PMID: 38370407 PMCID: PMC10869645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1308070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are intracellular digestive organelles that participate in various physiological and pathological processes, including the regulation of immune checkpoint molecules, immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment, antigen presentation, metabolism, and autophagy. Abnormalities or dysfunction of lysosomes are associated with the occurrence, development, and drug resistance of tumors. Lysosomes play a crucial role and have potential applications in tumor immunotherapy. Targeting lysosomes or harnessing their properties is an effective strategy for tumor immunotherapy. However, the mechanisms and approaches related to lysosomes in tumor immunotherapy are not fully understood at present, and further basic and clinical research is needed to provide better treatment options for cancer patients. This review focuses on the research progress related to lysosomes and tumor immunotherapy in these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Shao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Mestiri S, El-Ella DMA, Fernandes Q, Bedhiafi T, Almoghrabi S, Akbar S, Inchakalody V, Assami L, Anwar S, Uddin S, Gul ARZ, Al-Muftah M, Merhi M, Raza A, Dermime S. The dynamic role of immune checkpoint molecules in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of head and neck cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116095. [PMID: 38183744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer type, accounting for approximately 277,597 deaths worldwide. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a treatment regimen for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Studies have reported the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors as targeted therapeutic regimens that unleash the immune response against HNSCC tumors. However, the overall response rates to immunotherapy vary between 14-32% in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC, with clinical response and treatment success being unpredictable. Keeping this perspective in mind, it is imperative to understand the role of T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells in modulating the immune response to immunotherapy. In lieu of this, these immune molecules could serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers to facilitate longitudinal monitoring and understanding of treatment dynamics. These immune biomarkers could pave the path for personalized monitoring and management of HNSCC. In this review, we aim to provide updated immunological insight on the mechanism of action, expression, and the clinical application of immune cells' stimulatory and inhibitory molecules as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in HNC. The review is focused mainly on CD27 and CD137 (members of the TNF-receptor superfamily), natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4 or OX40), S100 proteins, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). It also highlights the importance of T, natural killer, and antigen-presenting cells as robust biomarker tools for understanding immune checkpoint inhibitor-based treatment dynamics. Though a comprehensive review, all aspects of the immune molecules could not be covered as they were beyond the scope of the review; Further review articles can cover other aspects to bridge the knowledge gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Mestiri
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina Moustafa Abo El-Ella
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salam Almoghrabi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shayista Akbar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Inchakalody
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laila Assami
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaheena Anwar
- Department of Biosciences, Salim Habib University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Rehman Zar Gul
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Al-Muftah
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Centre, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afsheen Raza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Biemond M, Vremec D, Gray DHD, Hodgkin PD, Heinzel S. Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) ligand Fc fusion proteins reduce T-cell proliferation in vitro independently of PD-1. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:117-130. [PMID: 38069638 PMCID: PMC10952853 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) is an inhibitory receptor on T cells shown to restrain T-cell proliferation. PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a highly promising approach in cancer treatment. Much of our understanding of the function of PD-1 is derived from in vitro T-cell activation assays. Here we set out to further investigate how T cells integrate inhibitory signals such as PD-1 in vitro using the PD-1 agonist, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) fusion protein (PD-L1.Fc), coimmobilized alongside anti-CD3 agonist monoclonal antibody (mAb) on plates to deliver PD-1 signals to wild-type and PD-1-/- CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, we found that the PD-L1.Fc fusion protein inhibited T-cell proliferation independently of PD-1. This PD-L1.Fc inhibition was observed in the presence and absence of CD28 and interleukin-2 signaling. Binding of PD-L1.Fc was restricted to PD-1-expressing T cells and thus inhibition was not mediated by the interaction of PD-L1.Fc with CD80 or other yet unknown binding partners. Furthermore, a similar PD-1-independent reduction of T-cell proliferation was observed with plate-bound PD-L2.Fc. Hence, our results suggest that the coimmobilization of PD-1 ligand fusion proteins with anti-CD3 mAb leads to a reduction of T-cell engagement with plate-bound anti-CD3 mAb. This study demonstrates a nonspecific mechanism of T-cell inhibition when PD-L1.Fc or PD-L2.Fc fusion proteins are delivered in a plate-bound coimmobilization assay and highlights the importance of careful optimization of assay systems and reagents when interpreting their influence on T-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Biemond
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Present address:
Department of ImmunologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - David Vremec
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Daniel HD Gray
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Philip D Hodgkin
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Susanne Heinzel
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
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75
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Khorasani M, Alaei M. cGAS-STING and PD1/PDL-1 pathway in breast cancer: a window to new therapies. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2024; 44:1-7. [PMID: 38470108 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2024.2325353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex malignancy with diverse molecular and cellular subtypes and clinical outcomes. Despite advances in treatment, breast cancer remains a significant health challenge. However, recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have shown promising results in the treatment of breast cancer, particularly the use of inhibitors that target the immune checkpoint PD1/PDL1. Also, the cGAS-STING pathway, an important part of the innate immune response, has been considered as a major potential therapeutic target for breast cancer. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the cGAS-STING and PD1/PDL-1 pathway in breast cancer, including their role in tumor development, progression, and response to treatment. We also discuss potential future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Khorasani
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Maryam Alaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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76
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Liu S, Zhuang Z, Liu F, Yuan X, Zhang Z, Liang X, Li X, Chen Y. Identification of potential biomarkers and infiltrating immune cells from scalp psoriasis. Gene 2024; 893:147918. [PMID: 37871808 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scalp psoriasis seriously affects the appearance and psychological status of patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of RPL9 and TIFA in scalp psoriasis, so as to provide a precise and effective way for the clinical treatment of scalp psoriasis. METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was employed to download the GSE75343 dataset to search for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in scalp psoriasis through Sangerbox. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) enrichment analysis, functional enrichment analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, immune responses and correlation analysis with 12 hub genes were performed. Then, STRING was used to develop a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, used Cytoscape to locate hub genes, and SVM-RFE and random forest were utilized to identified RPL9 as the targeted gene. TIFA-RPL9 interaction predictions were made viathe Open Targets Platform and Uniprot. Further, the RPL9 and TIFA expression, molecular mechanism, and function were assessed in scalp psoriasis. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and western blotting verified that RPL9 and TIFA were highly expressed in lesional tissues of scalp psoriasis and IL17A-stimulated HaCaT cells. RPL9 knockdown effectively suppressed the proliferative capacity of IL17A-stimulated HaCaT cells in the CCK8 assay. The co-immunoprecipitation results revealed that RPL9 could interact with TIFA in IL17A-stimulated HaCaT cells. In qPCR and western blotting, RPL9 knockdown significantly inhibited TIFA at the mRNA and protein levels in IL17A-stimulated HaCaT cells. In ELISA, the secretion of TNF-α was markedly inhibited after downregulating RPL9 in IL17A-stimulated HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, we have elucidated the expression and role of RPL9 and TIFA in scalp psoriatic skin and keratinocytes, and our findings confirm that RPL9 might act as a candidate therapeutic target for scalp psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shougang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Fanghua Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuqing Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeqiao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Li
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfeng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Khaodee W, Xiyuan G, Han MTT, Tayapiwatana C, Chiampanichayakul S, Anuchapreeda S, Cressey R. Transcriptomic analysis of glucosidase II beta subunit (GluIIß) knockout A549 cells reveals its roles in regulation of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and anti-tumor immunity. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:82. [PMID: 38245670 PMCID: PMC10799456 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucosidase II beta subunit (GluIIß), encoded from PRKCSH, is a subunit of the glucosidase II enzyme responsible for quality control of N-linked glycoprotein folding and suppression of GluIIß led to inhibitory effect of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs) activities known to be critical for survival and development of cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of GluIIß knockout on the global gene expression of cancer cells and its impact on functions of immune cells. GluIIß knockout lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line was generated using CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing system and subjected to transcriptomic analysis. Among 23,502 expressed transcripts, 1068 genes were significantly up-regulated and 807 genes greatly down-regulated. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed significant down-regulation of genes related extracellular matrix (ECM), ECM-receptor interaction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in GluIIß knockout cells. Of 9 CAMs encoded DEG identified by KEGG enrichment analysis, real time RT-PCR confirmed 8 genes to be significantly down-regulated in all 3 different GluIIß knockout clones, which includes cadherin 4 (CDH4), cadherin 2 (CDH2), versican (VCAN), integrin subunit alpha 4 (ITGA4), endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM), CD274 (program death ligand-1 (PD-L1)), Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CADM1), and Nectin Cell Adhesion Molecule 3 (NECTIN3). Whereas PTPRF (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type F) was significantly decreased only in 1 out of 3 knockout clones. Microscopic analysis revealed distinctively different cell morphology of GluIIβ knockout cells with lesser cytoplasmic and cell surface area compared to parental A549 cells and non-targeted transfected cells.Further investigations revealed that Jurkat E6.1 T cells or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) co-cultured with GluIIß knockout A549 exhibited significantly increased viability and tumor cell killing activity compared to those co-cultured with non-target transfected cells. Analysis of cytokine released from Jurkat E6.1 T cells co-cultured with GluIIß knockout A549 cells showed significant increased level of angiogenin and significant decreased level of ENA-78. In conclusion, knockout of GluIIß from cancer cells induced altered gene expression profile that improved anti-tumor activities of co-cultured T lymphocytes and PBMCs thus suppression of GluIIß may represent a novel approach of boosting anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worapong Khaodee
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Guo Xiyuan
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Public Experimental Technology Center School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Moe Thi Thi Han
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Tayapiwatana
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sawitree Chiampanichayakul
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ratchada Cressey
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Martins C, Rasbach E, Heppt MV, Singh P, Kulcsar Z, Holzgruber J, Chakraborty A, Mucciarone K, Kleffel S, Brandenburg A, Hoetzenecker W, Rahbari NN, DeCaprio JA, Thakuria M, Murphy GF, Ramsey MR, Posch C, Barthel SR, Schatton T. Tumor cell-intrinsic PD-1 promotes Merkel cell carcinoma growth by activating downstream mTOR-mitochondrial ROS signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi2012. [PMID: 38241371 PMCID: PMC10798567 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer. Inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint have improved MCC patient outcomes by boosting antitumor T cell immunity. Here, we identify PD-1 as a growth-promoting receptor intrinsic to MCC cells. In human MCC lines and clinical tumors, RT-PCR-based sequencing, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated PD-1 gene and protein expression by MCC cells. MCC-PD-1 ligation enhanced, and its inhibition or silencing suppressed, in vitro proliferation and in vivo tumor xenograft growth. Consistently, MCC-PD-1 binding to PD-L1 or PD-L2 induced, while antibody-mediated PD-1 blockade inhibited, protumorigenic mTOR signaling, mitochondrial (mt) respiration, and ROS generation. Last, pharmacologic inhibition of mTOR or mtROS reversed MCC-PD-1:PD-L1-dependent proliferation and synergized with PD-1 checkpoint blockade in suppressing tumorigenesis. Our results identify an MCC-PD-1-mTOR-mtROS axis as a tumor growth-accelerating mechanism, the blockade of which might contribute to clinical response in patients with MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Martins
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erik Rasbach
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus V. Heppt
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Praveen Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zsofi Kulcsar
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Holzgruber
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Asmi Chakraborty
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kyla Mucciarone
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sonja Kleffel
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anne Brandenburg
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfram Hoetzenecker
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Nuh N. Rahbari
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - James A. DeCaprio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Virology, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Merkel Cell Carcinoma Center of Excellence, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manisha Thakuria
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Merkel Cell Carcinoma Center of Excellence, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George F. Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew R. Ramsey
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christian Posch
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Vienna Healthcare Group, 1130 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Steven R. Barthel
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tobias Schatton
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program of Glyco-Immunology and Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Adhikary S, Pathak S, Palani V, Acar A, Banerjee A, Al-Dewik NI, Essa MM, Mohammed SGAA, Qoronfleh MW. Current Technologies and Future Perspectives in Immunotherapy towards a Clinical Oncology Approach. Biomedicines 2024; 12:217. [PMID: 38255322 PMCID: PMC10813720 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is now established as a potent therapeutic paradigm engendering antitumor immune response against a wide range of malignancies and other diseases by modulating the immune system either through the stimulation or suppression of immune components such as CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells. By targeting several immune checkpoint inhibitors or blockers (e.g., PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, CTLA-4, LAG3, and TIM-3) expressed on the surface of immune cells, several monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies have been developed and already translated clinically. In addition, natural killer cell-based, dendritic cell-based, and CAR T cell therapies have been also shown to be promising and effective immunotherapeutic approaches. In particular, CAR T cell therapy has benefited from advancements in CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology, allowing the generation of several modified CAR T cells with enhanced antitumor immunity. However, the emerging SARS-CoV-2 infection could hijack a patient's immune system by releasing pro-inflammatory interleukins and cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10, and IFN-γ and TNF-α, respectively, which can further promote neutrophil extravasation and the vasodilation of blood vessels. Despite the significant development of advanced immunotherapeutic technologies, after a certain period of treatment, cancer relapses due to the development of resistance to immunotherapy. Resistance may be primary (where tumor cells do not respond to the treatment), or secondary or acquired immune resistance (where tumor cells develop resistance gradually to ICIs therapy). In this context, this review aims to address the existing immunotherapeutic technologies against cancer and the resistance mechanisms against immunotherapeutic drugs, and explain the impact of COVID-19 on cancer treatment. In addition, we will discuss what will be the future implementation of these strategies against cancer drug resistance. Finally, we will emphasize the practical steps to lay the groundwork for enlightened policy for intervention and resource allocation to care for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamay Adhikary
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Vignesh Palani
- Faculty of Medicine, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Ahmet Acar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Türkiye;
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Nader I. Al-Dewik
- Department of Pediatrics, Women’s Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 00974, Qatar;
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | | | - M. Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Division, Q3 Research Institute (QRI), Ypsilanti, MI 48917, USA
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80
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Geng Q, Jiao P. Anti-PD-L1-Based Bispecific Antibodies Targeting Co-Inhibitory and Co-Stimulatory Molecules for Cancer Immunotherapy. Molecules 2024; 29:454. [PMID: 38257366 PMCID: PMC10819708 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting PD-L1 via monospecific antibodies has shown durable clinical benefits and long-term remissions where patients exhibit no clinical cancer signs for many years after treatment. However, the durable clinical benefits and long-term remissions by anti-PD-L1 monotherapy have been limited to a small fraction of patients with certain cancer types. Targeting PD-L1 via bispecific antibodies (referred to as anti-PD-L1-based bsAbs) which can simultaneously bind to both co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory molecules may increase the durable antitumor responses in patients who would not benefit from PD-L1 monotherapy. A growing number of anti-PD-L1-based bsAbs have been developed to fight against this deadly disease. This review summarizes recent advances of anti-PD-L1-based bsAbs for cancer immunotherapy in patents and literatures, and discusses their anti-tumor efficacies in vitro and in vivo. Over 50 anti-PD-L1-based bsAbs targeting both co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory molecules have been investigated in biological testing or in clinical trials since 2017. At least eleven proteins, such as CTLA-4, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L2, TIM-3, TIGIT, CD28, CD27, OX40, CD137, and ICOS, are involved in these investigations. Twenty-two anti-PD-L1-based bsAbs are being evaluated to treat various advanced cancers in clinical trials, wherein the indications include NSCLC, SNSCLC, SCLC, PDA, MBNHL, SCCHN, UC, EC, TNBC, CC, and some other malignancies. The released data from clinical trials indicated that most of the anti-PD-L1-based bsAbs were well-tolerated and showed promising antitumor efficacy in patients with advanced solid tumors. However, since the approved and investigational bsAbs have shown much more significant adverse reactions compared to PD-L1 monospecific antibodies, anti-PD-L1-based bsAbs may be further optimized via molecular structure modification to avoid or reduce these adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohong Geng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - Peifu Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
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Kostecki KL, Iida M, Crossman BE, Salgia R, Harari PM, Bruce JY, Wheeler DL. Immune Escape Strategies in Head and Neck Cancer: Evade, Resist, Inhibit, Recruit. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:312. [PMID: 38254801 PMCID: PMC10814769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) arise from the mucosal lining of the aerodigestive tract and are often associated with alcohol use, tobacco use, and/or human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Over 600,000 new cases of HNC are diagnosed each year, making it the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Historically, treatments have included surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, and while these treatments are still the backbone of current therapy, several immunotherapies have recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in HNC. The role of the immune system in tumorigenesis and cancer progression has been explored since the early 20th century, eventually coalescing into the current three-phase model of cancer immunoediting. During each of the three phases-elimination, equilibrium, and escape-cancer cells develop and utilize multiple strategies to either reach or remain in the final phase, escape, at which point the tumor is able to grow and metastasize with little to no detrimental interference from the immune system. In this review, we summarize the many strategies used by HNC to escape the immune system, which include ways to evade immune detection, resist immune cell attacks, inhibit immune cell functions, and recruit pro-tumor immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourtney L. Kostecki
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (K.L.K.); (M.I.); (B.E.C.)
| | - Mari Iida
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (K.L.K.); (M.I.); (B.E.C.)
| | - Bridget E. Crossman
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (K.L.K.); (M.I.); (B.E.C.)
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - Paul M. Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (K.L.K.); (M.I.); (B.E.C.)
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Justine Y. Bruce
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Deric L. Wheeler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (K.L.K.); (M.I.); (B.E.C.)
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
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82
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Pernot S, Tomé M, Galeano-Otero I, Evrard S, Badiola I, Delom F, Fessart D, Smani T, Siegfried G, Villoutreix BO, Khatib AM. Sulconazole inhibits PD-1 expression in immune cells and cancer cells malignant phenotype through NF-κB and calcium activity repression. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1278630. [PMID: 38250065 PMCID: PMC10796450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of the immunoinhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD1) on T-cells is involved in immune evasion in cancer. The use of anti-PD-1/PDL-1 strategy has deeply changed the therapies of cancers and patient survival. However, their efficacy diverges greatly along with tumor type and patient populations. Thereby, novel treatments are needed to interfere with the anti-tumoral immune responses and propose an adjunct therapy. In the current study, we found that the antifungal drug Sulconazole (SCZ) inhibits PD-1 expression on activated PBMCs and T cells at the RNA and protein levels. SCZ repressed NF-κB and calcium signaling, both, involved in the induction of PD-1. Further analysis revealed cancer cells treatment with SCZ inhibited their proliferation, and migration and ability to mediate tumor growth in zebrafish embryos. SCZ found also to inhibit calcium mobilization in cancer cells. These results suggest the SCZ therapeutic potential used alone or as adjunct strategy to prevent T-cell exhaustion and promotes cancer cell malignant phenotype repression in order to improve tumor eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pernot
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mercedes Tomé
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Isabel Galeano-Otero
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Serge Evrard
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Iker Badiola
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Frederic Delom
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Delphine Fessart
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tarik Smani
- Group of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/University of Seville/CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Geraldine Siegfried
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bruno O. Villoutreix
- Integrative Computational Pharmacology and Data Mining, INSERM UMR 1141, Rob-ert-Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Abdel-Majid Khatib
- Reprograming tumor activitY and associaTed MicroenvironmEnt (Rytme), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, Université of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
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Nishi W, Wakamatsu E, Machiyama H, Matsushima R, Yoshida Y, Nishikawa T, Toyota H, Furuhata M, Nishijima H, Takeuchi A, Suzuki M, Yokosuka T. Molecular Imaging of PD-1 Unveils Unknown Characteristics of PD-1 Itself by Visualizing "PD-1 Microclusters". ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1444:197-205. [PMID: 38467981 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is one of the most famous coinhibitory receptors that are expressed on effector T cells to regulate their function. The PD-1 ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, are expressed by various cells throughout the body at steady state and their expression was further regulated within different pathological conditions such as tumor-bearing and chronic inflammatory diseases. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 has become a standard treatment for various malignancies and has shown remarkable antitumor effects. Since the discovery of PD-1 in 1992, a huge number of studies have been conducted to elucidate the function of PD-1. Herein, this paper provides an overview of PD-1 biological findings and sheds some light on the current technology for molecular imaging of PD-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nishi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ei Wakamatsu
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ryohei Matsushima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yoshida
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Nishikawa
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Toyota
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masae Furuhata
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Arata Takeuchi
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yokosuka
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Cobankent Aytekin E, Unal B, Bassorgun CI, Ozkan O. Clinicopathologic Evaluation of CD80, CD86, and PD-L1 Expressions with Immunohistochemical Methods in Malignant Melanoma Patients. Turk Patoloji Derg 2024; 40:16-26. [PMID: 37614091 PMCID: PMC10823788 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2023.01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for malignant melanoma are crucial for treatment and for developing targeted therapies. Malignant melanoma is a highly immunogenic tumor, and its regression, treatment, and prognostic evaluation are directly related to escape from immune destruction. Therefore, we aimed to determine the expression levels of CD80, CD86, and PD -L1 in malignant melanoma tissue samples by immunohistochemistry and to investigate the possible relationship between these proteins and the clinicopathological features in this study. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining for CD80, CD86, and PD-L1 were evaluated for clinical data, survival, prognosis, tumor location, malignant melanoma subtypes, tumor size, and prognostic findings. RESULTS Higher survival rates were observed in patients with lower PD-L1 staining scores in the tumor. The 5-year survival was higher in patients with CD80-positive and CD86-positive biopsies. Mortality was lower in superficial spreading melanoma and Lentigo maligna melanoma types, whereas staining positivity of CD80 and CD86 was higher. Furthermore, a relationship between clinical stage and Breslow thickness ( < 2mm/≥2mm), tumor ulceration, lymph node metastasis, and CD80 and CD86 expression was also identified. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that PD-L1, CD80, and CD86 expression are essential in malignant melanoma and could be used as prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Betul Unal
- Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Ozlenen Ozkan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Ebrahimi S, Habibzadeh A, Khojasteh-Kaffash S, Valizadeh P, Samieefar N, Rezaei N. Immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy as the game-changing approach for pediatric lymphoma: A brief landscape. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 193:104225. [PMID: 38049077 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is known as the third most common malignancy in children, and its prevalence and mortality are increasing. Common treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and also surgery, despite their efficacy, have many side effects and, have a high chance of disease relapse. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) offer a promising alternative with potentially fewer risks of relapse and toxicity. This review article aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of ICIs, either as monotherapy or in combination, for pediatric lymphoma patients. ICIs have revolutionized cancer treatment in recent years and have shown remarkable results in several adult cancers. However, their efficacy in treating pediatrics requires further investigation. Nevertheless, some ICIs, including nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab, have demonstrated encouraging outcomes. ICIs therapy is not without risks and can cause side effects, including rash, itching, vitiligo, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysphagia, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, thyroid, and pituitary dysfunction. Overall, this review article highlights the potential benefits and risks of ICIs in treating pediatric lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ebrahimi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Adrina Habibzadeh
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Soroush Khojasteh-Kaffash
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Parya Valizadeh
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noosha Samieefar
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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86
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Sharma V, Singh A, Chauhan S, Sharma PK, Chaudhary S, Sharma A, Porwal O, Fuloria NK. Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Target Identification in Cancer. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:870-886. [PMID: 37670704 DOI: 10.2174/1567201821666230905090621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug discovery and development (DDD) is a highly complex process that necessitates precise monitoring and extensive data analysis at each stage. Furthermore, the DDD process is both timeconsuming and costly. To tackle these concerns, artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be used, which facilitates rapid and precise analysis of extensive datasets within a limited timeframe. The pathophysiology of cancer disease is complicated and requires extensive research for novel drug discovery and development. The first stage in the process of drug discovery and development involves identifying targets. Cell structure and molecular functioning are complex due to the vast number of molecules that function constantly, performing various roles. Furthermore, scientists are continually discovering novel cellular mechanisms and molecules, expanding the range of potential targets. Accurately identifying the correct target is a crucial step in the preparation of a treatment strategy. Various forms of AI, such as machine learning, neural-based learning, deep learning, and network-based learning, are currently being utilised in applications, online services, and databases. These technologies facilitate the identification and validation of targets, ultimately contributing to the success of projects. This review focuses on the different types and subcategories of AI databases utilised in the field of drug discovery and target identification for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Sanjana Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Shubham Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Astha Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Omji Porwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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Das S. Comparison of Clinical Trial Results of the Recently Approved Immunotherapeutic Drugs for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2024; 19:81-90. [PMID: 38288802 DOI: 10.2174/0115748871276666240123043710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The recently approved immunotherapeutic drugs are Keytruda (pembrolizumab) and Imfinzi (durvalumab) for advanced biliary tract cancers that inhibit PD-1 receptor and PD-L1 ligand, respectively. In this perspective, the results of the two clinical trials, i.e., TOPAZ-1 (NCT03875235) and KEYNOTE-966 (NCT04003636), are critically appraised, compared, and discussed to assess the benefits of these two drugs in the context of the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancers with a focus on PD-L1 status and MIS (microsatellite instability) status and therapy responsiveness in the subgroups. Analyzing the PD-L2 status in biliary tract cancer patients can aid in assessing the prognostic value of PD-L2 expression in determining the clinical response and this may aid in appropriate patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samayita Das
- Department of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115, USA
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88
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Wu M, Yuan S, Liu K, Wang C, Wen F. Gastric Cancer Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Applications. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241271935. [PMID: 39376170 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241271935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor and ranks as the second leading cause of death among cancer patients worldwide. Due to its hidden nature and difficulty in detection, GC has a high incidence and poor prognosis. Traditional treatment methods such as systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection are commonly used, but they often fail to achieve satisfactory curative effects, resulting in a very low 5-year survival rate for GC patients. Currently, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are prominent areas of research both domestically and internationally. These methods hold promise for the treatment of GC. This article focuses on the signaling pathways associated with the development of GC, as well as the recent advancements and applications of targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The aim is to provide fresh insights for the clinical treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shiman Yuan
- The Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Liu
- The Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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89
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Schmitz D, Li Z, Lo Faro V, Rask-Andersen M, Ameur A, Rafati N, Johansson Å. Copy number variations and their effect on the plasma proteome. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad179. [PMID: 37793096 PMCID: PMC10697815 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural variations, including copy number variations (CNVs), affect around 20 million bases in the human genome and are common causes of rare conditions. CNVs are rarely investigated in complex disease research because most CNVs are not targeted on the genotyping arrays or the reference panels for genetic imputation. In this study, we characterize CNVs in a Swedish cohort (N = 1,021) using short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and use long-read WGS for validation in a subcohort (N = 15), and explore their effect on 438 plasma proteins. We detected 184,182 polymorphic CNVs and identified 15 CNVs to be associated with 16 proteins (P < 8.22×10-10). Of these, 5 CNVs could be perfectly validated using long-read sequencing, including a CNV which was associated with measurements of the osteoclast-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor (OSCAR) and located upstream of OSCAR, a gene important for bone health. Two other CNVs were identified to be clusters of many short repetitive elements and another represented a complex rearrangement including an inversion. Our findings provide insights into the structure of common CNVs and their effects on the plasma proteome, and highlights the importance of investigating common CNVs, also in relation to complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schmitz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 815, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 815, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Valeria Lo Faro
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 815, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Rask-Andersen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 815, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adam Ameur
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 815, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nima Rafati
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 815, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
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90
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Chan W, Cao YM, Zhao X, Schrom EC, Jia D, Song J, Sibener LV, Dong S, Fernandes RA, Bradfield CJ, Smelkinson M, Kabat J, Hor JL, Altan-Bonnet G, Garcia KC, Germain RN. TCR ligand potency differentially impacts PD-1 inhibitory effects on diverse signaling pathways. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20231242. [PMID: 37796477 PMCID: PMC10555889 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint blockade revolutionized cancer therapy, but we still lack a quantitative, mechanistic understanding of how inhibitory receptors affect diverse signaling pathways. To address this issue, we developed and applied a fluorescent intracellular live multiplex signal transduction activity reporter (FILMSTAR) system to analyze PD-1-induced suppressive effects. These studies identified pathways triggered solely by TCR or requiring both TCR and CD28 inputs. Using presenting cells differing in PD-L1 and CD80 expression while displaying TCR ligands of distinct potency, we found that PD-1-mediated inhibition primarily targets TCR-linked signals in a manner highly sensitive to peptide ligand quality. These findings help resolve discrepancies in existing data about the site(s) of PD-1 inhibition in T cells while emphasizing the importance of neoantigen potency in controlling the effects of checkpoint therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waipan Chan
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuqi M. Cao
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edward C. Schrom
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dongya Jia
- Immunodynamics Group, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jian Song
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leah V. Sibener
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shen Dong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ricardo A. Fernandes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Clinton J. Bradfield
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margery Smelkinson
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jyh Liang Hor
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Grégoire Altan-Bonnet
- Immunodynamics Group, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K. Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ronald N. Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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91
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Liu R, Zeng LW, Li HF, Shi JG, Zhong B, Shu HB, Li S. PD-1 signaling negatively regulates the common cytokine receptor γ chain via MARCH5-mediated ubiquitination and degradation to suppress anti-tumor immunity. Cell Res 2023; 33:923-939. [PMID: 37932447 PMCID: PMC10709454 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy with PD-1 blockade and IL-2 substantially improves anti-tumor efficacy comparing to monotherapy. The underlying mechanisms responsible for the synergistic effects of the combination therapy remain enigmatic. Here we show that PD-1 ligation results in BATF-dependent transcriptional induction of the membrane-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH5, which mediates K27-linked polyubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of the common cytokine receptor γ chain (γc). PD-1 ligation also activates SHP2, which dephosphorylates γcY357, leading to impairment of γc family cytokine-triggered signaling. Conversely, PD-1 blockade restores γc level and activity, thereby sensitizing CD8+ T cells to IL-2. We also identified Pitavastatin Calcium as an inhibitor of MARCH5, which combined with PD-1 blockade and IL-2 significantly improves the efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapy in mice. Our findings uncover the mechanisms by which PD-1 signaling antagonizes γc family cytokine-triggered immune activation and demonstrate that the underlying mechanisms can be exploited for increased efficacy of combination immunotherapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism; Medical Research Institute; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin-Wen Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism; Medical Research Institute; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui-Fang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism; Medical Research Institute; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun-Ge Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism; Medical Research Institute; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism; Medical Research Institute; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism; Medical Research Institute; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism; Medical Research Institute; Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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92
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Yao Y, Ren Y, Hou X, Zhu J, Ma X, Liu S, Liu T, Zhang Q, Ma X, Yang Z, Zhu H, Li N. Construction and preclinical evaluation of a zirconium-89 labelled monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L2 in lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115602. [PMID: 37852097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to design a novel tracer targeting programmed cell death-ligand 2 (PD-L2) to dynamically monitor PD-L2 expression and perform preclinical screening to identify patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI) therapy. METHODS 89Zr labelling of DFO-conjugated PD-L2 antibody (ATL2) was carried out in Na2CO3 buffer at pH 7 (37 °C, 1 h). In vitro stability was analysed using radio-thin layer chromatography (radio-TLC). The affinity of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ATL2 was evaluated by radio-ELISA. Cell uptake, pharmacokinetic, and biodistribution experiments were used to evaluate the biological properties. Micro-PET/CT imaging with [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ATL2 was conducted at different time points. Immunohistochemical and HE staining studies were carried out using tumour tissues from tumour-bearing mice. RESULTS The radiochemical yield of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ATL2 was 65.6 ± 3.9%, and the radiochemical purity (RCP) of the tracer was greater than 99%. The tracer maintained relatively high stability and had a high affinity for the PD-L2 protein (Kd = 31.85 nM, R2 = 0.94). The uptake of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ATL2 in A549-PD-L2 cells was higher than that in A549 cells at each time point. Micro-PET/CT showed significant uptake in the tumour region of mice bearing tumours derived from A549-PD-L2 (SUVmax = 3.53 ± 0.09 at 96 h) and H2228 (SUVmax = 2.30 ± 0.12 at 48 h) cells. CONCLUSION The high tumour uptake at early imaging time points demonstrates the feasibility of applying [89Zr]Zr-DFO-ATL2 to image PD-L2 expression in tumours and is encouraging for further clinical application in the screening of patients who may benefit from ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Ren
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingguo Hou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Teli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaopan Ma
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Rd., 100142 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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93
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Dioken DN, Ozgul I, Yilmazbilek I, Yakicier MC, Karaca E, Erson-Bensan AE. An alternatively spliced PD-L1 isoform PD-L1∆3, and PD-L2 expression in breast cancers: implications for eligibility scoring and immunotherapy response. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:4065-4075. [PMID: 37768345 PMCID: PMC10991109 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 has shown substantial therapeutic response and unprecedented long-term durable responses in the clinic. However, several challenges persist, encompassing the prediction of treatment effectiveness and patient responses, the emergence of treatment resistance, and the necessity for additional biomarkers. Consequently, we comprehensively explored the often-overlooked isoforms of crucial immunotherapy players, leveraging transcriptomic analysis, structural modeling, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) data. Our investigation has led to the identification of an alternatively spliced isoform of PD-L1 that lacks exon 3 (PD-L1∆3) and the IgV domain required to interact with PD-1. PD-L1∆3 is expressed more than the canonical isoform in a subset of breast cancers and other TCGA tumors. Using the deep learning-based protein modeling tool AlphaFold2, we show the lack of a possible interaction between PD-L1∆3 and PD-1. In addition, we present data on the expression of an additional ligand for PD-1, PD-L2. PD-L2 expression is widespread and positively correlates with PD-L1 levels in breast and other tumors. We report enriched epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature in high PD-L2 transcript expressing (PD-L2 > PD-L1) tumors in all breast cancer subtypes, highlighting potential crosstalk between EMT and immune evasion. Notably, the estrogen gene signature is downregulated in ER + breast tumors with high PD-L2. The data on PD-L2 IHC positivity but PD-L1 negativity in breast tumors, together with our results on PD-L1∆3, highlight the need to utilize PD-L2 and PD-L1 isoform-specific antibodies for staining patient tissue sections to offer a more precise prediction of the outcomes of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Naz Dioken
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Dumlupinar Blv No:1 Universiteler Mah, Cankaya, 06800, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ibrahim Ozgul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Dumlupinar Blv No:1 Universiteler Mah, Cankaya, 06800, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Irem Yilmazbilek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Dumlupinar Blv No:1 Universiteler Mah, Cankaya, 06800, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Cengiz Yakicier
- AQUARIUS/NPG Genetic Diseases Evaluation Center, Kucukbakkalkoy Mah. Kayisdagi Cad. 137/6 Atasehir, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ezgi Karaca
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, 35340, Balcova, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Balcova, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Elif Erson-Bensan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Dumlupinar Blv No:1 Universiteler Mah, Cankaya, 06800, Ankara, Türkiye.
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94
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Yoo WS, Ku EJ, Lee EK, Ahn HY. Incidence of Endocrine-Related Dysfunction in Patients Treated with New Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Meta-Analysis and Comprehensive Review. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:750-759. [PMID: 37956967 PMCID: PMC10764989 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND This study investigated the incidence of endocrine immune-related adverse events (irAEs) for recently developed immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) drugs. METHODS We collected studies on newly developed ICI drugs using PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception through January 31, 2023. Among ICI drugs, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab were excluded from the new ICI drugs because many papers on endocrine-related side effects have already been published. RESULTS A total of 44,595 patients from 177 studies were included in this analysis. The incidence of hypothyroidism was 10.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.9% to 11.4%), thyrotoxicosis was 4.6% (95% CI, 3.8% to 5.7%), hypophysitis was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.5% to 1.1%), adrenal insufficiency was 0.9% (95% CI, 0.7% to 1.1%), and hyperglycemia was 2.3% (95% CI, 1.6% to 3.4%). Hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis occurred most frequently with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors (13.7% and 7.5%, respectively). The rate of endocrine side effects for the combination of a programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitor (durvalumab) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 inhibitor (tremelimumab) was higher than that of monotherapy. In a meta-analysis, the combination of tremelimumab and durvalumab had a 9- to 10-fold higher risk of pituitary and adrenal-related side effects than durvalumab alone. CONCLUSION Newly developed PD-1 inhibitors had a high incidence of thyroid-related irAEs, and combined treatment with durvalumab and tremelimumab increased the risk of pituitary- and adrenal-related irAEs. Based on these facts, it is necessary to predict the endocrine side effects corresponding to each ICI drug, diagnose and treat them appropriately, and try to reduce the morbidity and mortality of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Sang Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Eu Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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95
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Sirivisoot S, Boonkrai C, Wongtangprasert T, Phakham T, Muanwein P, Pisitkun T, Sawangmake C, Radtanakatikanon A, Rungsipipat A. Development and characterization of mouse anti-canine PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies and their expression in canine tumors by immunohistochemistry in vitro. Vet Q 2023; 43:1-9. [PMID: 37477617 PMCID: PMC10388796 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2240380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune escape is the hallmark of carcinogenesis. This widely known mechanism is the overexpression of immune checkpoint ligands, such as programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1), leading to T cell anergy. Therefore, cancer immunotherapy with specific binding to these receptors has been developed to treat human cancers. Due to the lack of cross-reactivity of these antibodies in dogs, a specific canine PD-1/PD-L1 antibody is required. The aim of this study is to develop mouse anti-canine PD-L1 (cPD-L1) monoclonal antibodies and characterize their in vitro properties. Six mice were immunized with recombinant cPD-L1 with a fusion of human Fc tag. The hybridoma clones that successfully generated anti-cPD-L1 antibodies and had neutralizing activity were selected for monoclonal antibody production. Antibody properties were tested by immunosorbent assay, surface plasmon resonance, and immunohistochemistry. Four hybridomas were effectively bound and blocked to recombinant cPD-L1 and cPD-1-His-protein, respectively. Candidate mouse monoclonal antibodies worked efficiently on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of canine cancers, including cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, mammary carcinomas, soft tissue sarcomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and malignant melanomas. However, functional assays of these anti-cPD-L1 antibodies need further investigation to prove their abilities as therapeutic drugs in dogs as well as their applications as prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirintra Sirivisoot
- Center of Excellence for Companion Animal Cancer, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatikorn Boonkrai
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tossapon Wongtangprasert
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Excellence Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanapati Phakham
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phijitra Muanwein
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Araya Radtanakatikanon
- Center of Excellence for Companion Animal Cancer, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anudep Rungsipipat
- Center of Excellence for Companion Animal Cancer, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Mohammed EE, Türkel N, Yigit UM, Dalan AB, Sahin F. Boron Derivatives Inhibit the Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cells and Affect Tumor-Specific T Cell Activity In Vitro by Distinct Mechanisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5692-5707. [PMID: 36940038 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03632-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Despite the initial clinical response obtained with the widely used conventional chemotherapy, an improved prognosis for breast cancer patients has been missing in the clinic because of the high toxicity to normal cells, induction of drug resistance, and the potential immunosuppressive effects of these agents. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-carcinogenic effect of some boron derivatives (sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (SPP) and sodium perborate tetrahydrate (SPT)), which showed a promising effect on some types of cancers in the literature, on breast cancer cell lines, as well as immuno-oncological side effects on tumor-specific T cell activity. These findings suggest that both SPP and SPT suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines through downregulation of the monopolar spindle-one-binder (MOB1) protein. On the other hand, these molecules increased the expression of PD-L1 protein through their effect on the phosphorylation level of Yes-associated protein (Phospho-YAP (Ser127). In addition, they reduced the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and cytolytic effector cytokines such as sFasL, perforin, granzyme A, Granzyme B, and granulysin and increased the expression of PD-1 surface protein in activated T cells. In conclusion, SPP, SPT, and their combination could have growth inhibitory (antiproliferative) effects and could be a potential treatment for breast cancer. However, their stimulatory effects on the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and their effects on cytokines could ultimately account for the observed repression of the charging of specifically activated effector T cells against breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam Essam Mohammed
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Nezaket Türkel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | | | - Altay Burak Dalan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey.
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97
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Liu Z, Xu X, Liu H, Zhao X, Yang C, Fu R. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for multiple myeloma immunotherapy. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:99. [PMID: 38017516 PMCID: PMC10685608 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is related to immune disorders, recent studys have revealed that immunotherapy can greatly benefit MM patients. Immune checkpoints can negatively modulate the immune system and are closely associated with immune escape. Immune checkpoint-related therapy has attracted much attention and research in MM. However, the efficacy of those therapies need further improvements. There need more thoughts about the immune checkpoint to translate their use in clinical work. In our review, we aggregated the currently known immune checkpoints and their corresponding ligands, further more we propose various ways of potential translation applying treatment based on immune checkpoints for MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xianghong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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98
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Fujino S, Miyoshi N, Ito A, Hayashi R, Yasui M, Matsuda C, Ohue M, Horie M, Yachida S, Koseki J, Shimamura T, Hata T, Ogino T, Takahashi H, Uemura M, Mizushima T, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Metastases and treatment-resistant lineages in patient-derived cancer cells of colorectal cancer. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1191. [PMID: 37996567 PMCID: PMC10667365 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in metastasis and recurrence. However, which cells comprise the complex tumor lineages in recurrence and are key in metastasis are unknown in colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC with high expression of POU5F1 has a poor prognosis with a high incidence of liver metastatic recurrence. We aim to reveal the key cells promoting metastasis and identify treatment-resistant lineages with established EGFP-expressing organoids in two-dimensional culture (2DOs) under the POU5F1 promotor. POU5F1-expressing cells are highly present in relapsed clinical patients' blood as CTCs. Sorted POU5F1-expressing cells from 2DOs have cancer stem cell abilities and abundantly form liver metastases in vivo. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 2DOs identifies heterogeneous populations derived from POU5F1-expressing cells and the Wnt signaling pathway is enriched in POU5F1-expressing cells. Characteristic high expression of CTLA4 is observed in POU5F1-expressing cells and immunocytochemistry confirms the co-expression of POU5F1 and CTLA4. Demethylation in some CpG islands at the transcriptional start sites of POU5F1 and CTLA4 is observed. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor, XAV939, prevents the adhesion and survival of POU5F1-expressing cells in vitro. Early administration of XAV939 also completely inhibits liver metastasis induced by POU5F1-positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiki Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
- Innovative Oncology Research and Translational Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norikatsu Miyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan.
- Innovative Oncology Research and Translational Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Aya Ito
- Innovative Oncology Research and Translational Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rie Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
- Innovative Oncology Research and Translational Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yasui
- Department of Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Chu Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohue
- Department of Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Division of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya-City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya-City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ogino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Mizushima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
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99
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Nieto C, Miller B, Alzofon N, Chimed T, Himes J, Joshi M, Gomez K, Chowdhury FN, Le PN, Weaver A, Somerset H, Morton JJ, Wang JH, Wang XJ, Gao D, Hansen K, Keysar SB, Jimeno A. The programmed death ligand 1 interactome demonstrates bidirectional signaling coordinating immune suppression and cancer progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:1392-1403. [PMID: 37389416 PMCID: PMC10637037 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are validated cancer targets; however, emerging mechanisms and impact of PD-L1 intracellular signaling on cancer behavior are poorly understood. METHODS We investigated the cancer cell intrinsic role of PD-L1 in multiple patient-derived models in vitro and in vivo. PD-L1 overexpression, knockdown, and PD-L1 intracellular domain (PD-L1-ICD) deletion (Δ260-290PD-L1) models were assessed for key cancer properties: clonogenicity, motility, invasion, and immune evasion. To determine how PD-L1 transduces signals intracellularly, we used the BioID2 platform to identify the PD-L1 intracellular interactome. Both human papillomavirus-positive and negative patient-derived xenografts were implanted in NOD-scid-gamma and humanized mouse models to investigate the effects of recombinant PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in vivo. RESULTS PD-L1 intracellular signaling increased clonogenicity, motility, and invasiveness in multiple head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) models, and PD-1 binding enhanced these effects. Protein proximity labeling revealed the PD-L1 interactome, distinct for unbound and bound PD-1, which initiated cancer cell-intrinsic signaling. PD-L1 binding partners interleukin enhancer binding factors 2 and 3 (ILF2-ILF3) transduced their effect through STAT3. Δ260-290PD-L1 disrupted signaling and reversed pro-growth properties. In humanized HNSCC in vivo models bearing T-cells, PD-1 binding triggered PD-L1 signaling, and dual PD-L1 and STAT3 inhibition were required to achieve tumor control. CONCLUSIONS Upon PD-1 binding, the PD-L1 extracellular and intracellular domains exert a synchronized effect to promote immune evasion by inhibiting T-cell function while simultaneously enhancing cancer cell-invasive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cera Nieto
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bettina Miller
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nathaniel Alzofon
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tugy Chimed
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jack Himes
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Karina Gomez
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Phuong N Le
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alice Weaver
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - J Jason Morton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jing H Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, UCDSOM, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, UCDSOM, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dexiang Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, UCDSOM, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kirk Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, UCDSOM, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephen B Keysar
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Antonio Jimeno
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine (UCDSOM), Aurora, CO, USA
- Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, UCDSOM, Aurora, CO, USA
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100
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Huang S, Zheng G, Yang K. Neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 combined with CTLA-4 inhibitors for solid malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:349. [PMID: 37926852 PMCID: PMC10626778 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with CTLA-4 inhibitors is controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with CTLA-4 inhibitors as neoadjuvant therapy for malignant solid tumors. METHODS This study has been registered with the number CRD42023407275 on PROSPERO. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases until March 17, 2023. In addition, manual searches were performed. The inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the utilization of neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with CTLA-4 inhibitors PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for patients with solid malignancies. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials (ROB1) were used. Risk ratios (RRs), hazared ratios (HRs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Stata17.0 MP and Review Manager 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 2780 records were identified, and ultimately 10 studies involving 273 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that the addition of CTLA-4 inhibitors to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors did not demonstrate a significant effect on overall response rate, main pathological response, pathological complete response, surgical resection, radical resection, overall survival, progression-free survival, recurrence-free survival, grade 3-4 adverse events, all-cause mortality, and completed treatment (P > 0.05). However, further subgroup analysis indicated that the combination of PD-1 with CTLA-4 inhibitors significantly increased the occurrence of grade 3-4 adverse events in patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS As neoadjuvant therapy for malignant solid tumors, the addition of CTLA-4 inhibitors to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors does not appear to enhance efficacy.Moreover, there is a potential increase in the risk of grade 3-4 adverse events associated with this combination. However, it is important to note that the studies included in this analysis suffer from limitations such as small samples and single-center designs, which are inherent constrains with the available published literature. Further research involving large-sample and multicenter RCTs are warranted to obtain more reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Shapingba Hospital affiliated to Chongqing University, No.44, Xiaolongkan New Street, Chongqing, Shapingba District, 400030, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Anorectal Department, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, 6 Panxi 7 Road, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, 400021, China.
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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