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Preston KJ, Rom I, Vrakas C, Landesberg G, Etwebi Z, Muraoka S, Autieri M, Eguchi S, Scalia R. Postprandial activation of leukocyte-endothelium interaction by fatty acids in the visceral adipose tissue microcirculation. FASEB J 2019; 33:11993-12007. [PMID: 31393790 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802637rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is associated with accumulation of inflammatory cells predominantly in visceral adipose depots [visceral adipose tissue (VAT)] rather than in subcutaneous ones [subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)]. The cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenotypic difference remain poorly understood. Controversy also exists on the overall impact that adipose tissue inflammation has on metabolic health in diet-induced obesity. The endothelium of the microcirculation regulates both the transport of lipids and the trafficking of leukocytes into organ tissue. We hypothesized that the VAT and SAT microcirculations respond differently to postprandial processing of dietary fat. We also tested whether inhibition of endothelial postprandial responses to high-fat meals (HFMs) preserves metabolic health in chronic obesity. We demonstrate that administration of a single HFM or ad libitum access to a HFD for 24 h quickly induces a transient P-selectin-dependent inflammatory phenotype in the VAT but not the SAT microcirculation of lean wild-type mice. Studies in P-selectin-deficient mice confirmed a mechanistic role for P-selectin in the initiation of leukocyte trafficking, myeloperoxidase accumulation, and acute reduction in adiponectin mRNA expression by HFMs. Despite reduced VAT inflammation in response to HFMs, P-selectin-deficient mice still developed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance when chronically fed an HFD. Our data uncover a novel nutrient-sensing role of the vascular endothelium that instigates postprandial VAT inflammation. They also demonstrate that inhibition of this transient postprandial inflammatory response fails to correct metabolic dysfunction in diet-induced obesity.-Preston, K. J., Rom, I., Vrakas, C., Landesberg, G., Etwebe, Z., Muraoka, S., Autieri, M., Eguchi, S., Scalia, R. Postprandial activation of leukocyte-endothelium interaction by fatty acids in the visceral adipose tissue microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inna Rom
- Cardiovascular Research Center and
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Autieri
- Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Health Benefits of Endurance Training: Implications of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-A Systematic Review. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:5413067. [PMID: 31341469 PMCID: PMC6613032 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5413067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This article presents a concept that wide expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptors (TrkB) in the nervous tissue, evoked by regular endurance training (ET), can cause numerous motor and metabolic adaptations, which are beneficial for human health. The relationships between the training-evoked increase of endogenous BDNF and molecular and/or physiological adaptations in the nervous structures controlling both motor performance and homeostasis of the whole organism have been presented. Due to a very wide range of plastic changes that ET has exerted on various systems of the body, the improvement of motor skills and counteraction of the development of civilization diseases resulting from the posttraining increase of BDNF/TrkB levels have been discussed, as important for people, who undertake ET. Thus, this report presents the influence of endurance exercises on the (1) transformation of motoneuron properties, which are a final element of the motor pathways, (2) reduction of motor deficits evoked by Parkinson disease, and (3) prevention of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). This review suggests that the increase of posttraining levels of BDNF and its TrkB receptors causes simultaneous changes in the activity of the spinal cord, the substantia nigra, and the hypothalamic nuclei neurons, which are responsible for the alteration of the functional properties of motoneurons innervating the skeletal muscles, for the enhancement of dopamine release in the brain, and for the modulation of hormone levels involved in regulating the metabolic processes, responsively. Finally, training-evoked increase of the BDNF/TrkB leads to a change in a manner of regulation of skeletal muscles, causes a reduction of motor deficits observed in the Parkinson disease, and lowers weight, glucose level, and blood pressure, which accompany the MetS. Therefore, BDNF seems to be the molecular factor of pleiotropic activity, important in the modulation processes, underlying adaptations, which result from ET.
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Vedal TSJ, Steen NE, Birkeland KI, Dieset I, Reponen EJ, Laskemoen JF, Rødevand L, Melle I, Andreassen OA, Molden E, Jönsson EG. Adipokine levels are associated with insulin resistance in antipsychotics users independently of BMI. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 103:87-95. [PMID: 30659986 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus is increased among patients with severe mental disorders, and particularly use of second generation antipsychotic drugs is associated with metabolic side effects. Antipsychotics have been found to alter levels of adipokines which regulate insulin sensitivity, but their role in antipsychotic-associated insulin resistance is not established, and it is unclear whether adipokines affect insulin resistance independently of body mass index (BMI). METHODS We included 1050 patients with severe mental disorders and 112 healthy controls aged 18-65 years from the Oslo area, Norway. Clinical variables, BMI and use of medication were assessed, fasting blood samples were obtained for calculation of the leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio) and estimate of insulin resistance using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Case-control analyses were followed by mediation analyses to evaluate the possible direct effect of antipsychotics on HOMA-IR and indirect effect mediated via the L/A ratio. This was performed both with and without adjustment for BMI, in the total sample and in an antipsychotic monotherapy subsample (N = 387). RESULTS BMI, L/A ratio and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in patients than controls (p < 0.001-p = 0.01). There was a significant direct effect from use of antipsychotics in general on HOMA-IR both without (b = 0.03, p = 0.007) and with adjustment for BMI (b = 0.03, p = 0.013), as well as a significant mediating effect via L/A ratio both without (b = 0.03, p < 0.001) and with adjustment for BMI (b = 0.01, p = 0.041). Use of olanzapine (b = 0.03, p < 0.001) or aripiprazole (b = 0.04, p < 0.001) in monotherapy showed significant effects on HOMA-IR mediated via L/A ratio. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that use of antipsychotics may alter adipokine levels, and that increased L/A ratio may play a role in the development of insulin resistance associated with use of antipsychotics also independently of BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trude S Jahr Vedal
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kåre I Birkeland
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Dieset
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elina J Reponen
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jannicke F Laskemoen
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn Rødevand
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Molden
- Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- NORMENT & K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Liu Y, Harashima S, Wang Y, Suzuki K, Tokumoto S, Usui R, Tatsuoka H, Tanaka D, Yabe D, Harada N, Hayashi Y, Inagaki N. Sphingosine kinase 1–interacting protein is a dual regulator of insulin and incretin secretion. FASEB J 2019; 33:6239-6253. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801783rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Shin‐Ichi Harashima
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazuyo Suzuki
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tokumoto
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Ryota Usui
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Hisato Tatsuoka
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hayashi
- Division of Stress Adaptation and ProtectionDepartment of GeneticsResearch Institute of Environmental MedicineNagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of DiabetesEndocrinology and NutritionGraduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
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Pierard M, Tassin A, Conotte S, Zouaoui Boudjeltia K, Legrand A. Sustained Intermittent Hypoxemia Induces Adiponectin Oligomers Redistribution and a Tissue-Specific Modulation of Adiponectin Receptor in Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 10:68. [PMID: 30800074 PMCID: PMC6376175 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxemia is a critical component of several respiratory diseases and is known to be involved in the processes underlying co-morbidities associated to such disorders, notably at the cardiovascular level. Circulating level of Adiponectin (Ad), known as a metabolic regulator and cardio-protective hormone was previously suggested to be reduced by hypoxia but consequences of such variation are unclear. The evaluation of the specific effect of hypoxemia on Ad forms and receptors could improve the understanding of the involvement of Ad axis in hypoxemia-related diseases. Methods: Ad-pathway components were investigated in a murine model of sustained intermittent hypoxemia (FiO2 10%, 8 h/day, 35 days). Results: Sustained intermittent hypoxemia (SIH) induced a redistribution of Ad multimers in favor of HMW forms, without change in total plasmatic level. Mice submitted to hypoxia also exhibited tissue-specific modification of adiporeceptor (AdipoR) protein level without mRNA expression change. A decreased AdipoR2 abundance was observed in skeletal muscle and heart whereas AdipoR1 level was only reduced in muscle. No change was observed in liver regarding AdipoR. Lipid profile was unchanged but glucose tolerance increased in hypoxemic mice. Conclusion: Sustained intermittent hypoxemia, per se, modify Ad oligomerization state as well as AdipoR protein abundance in a tissue-specific way. That suggests alteration in Ad-dependant pathways in pathological conditions associated to SIH. Investigation of Ad-pathway components could therefore constitute useful complementary criteria for the clustering of patients with hypoxemia-related diseases and management of co-morbidities, as well as to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélany Pierard
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Tassin
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Conotte
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222), Medicine Faculty, CHU de Charleroi, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Legrand
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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56
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Ahmad A, Ali T, Kim MW, Khan A, Jo MH, Rehman SU, Khan MS, Abid NB, Khan M, Ullah R, Jo MG, Kim MO. Adiponectin homolog novel osmotin protects obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD by upregulating AdipoRs/PPARα signaling in ob/ob and db/db transgenic mouse models. Metabolism 2019; 90:31-43. [PMID: 30473057 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In metabolic disorders, adiponectin and adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1/R2) signaling has a key role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obesity-associated diabetes. OBJECTIVE To the best of our knowledge, here, we reported for the first time the underlying mechanistic therapeutic efficacy of the novel osmotin, a homolog of mammalian adiponectin, against NAFLD in leptin-deficient ob/ob and db/db mice. METHODS The ob/ob and db/db mice were treated with osmotin at a dose of 5 μg/g three times a week for two weeks. To co-relate the in vivo results we used the human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells, subjected to knockdown with small siRNAs of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα genes and treated with osmotin and palmitic acid (P.A.). MTT assay, Western blotting, immunohistofluorescence assays, and plasma biochemical analyses were applied. RESULTS Osmotin stimulated AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways in ob/ob and db/db mice, and HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Mechanistically, we confirmed that knockdown of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα by their respective siRNAs abolished the osmotin activity in HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Overall, the in vivo and in vitro results suggested that osmotin protected against NAFLD through activation of AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways as shown by the reduced body weight, blood glucose level and glycated hemoglobin, improved glucose tolerance, attenuated insulin resistance and hepatic glucogenesis, regulated serum lipid parameters, and increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial functions. CONCLUSION Our findings strongly suggest that novel osmotin might be a potential novel therapeutic tool against obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD and other metabolic disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/analogs & derivatives
- Adiponectin/chemistry
- Animals
- Anti-Obesity Agents/pharmacology
- Cytoprotection/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Leptin/deficiency
- Leptin/genetics
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Obese
- Mice, Transgenic
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/etiology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control
- Obesity/complications
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/pathology
- PPAR alpha/metabolism
- Plant Proteins/pharmacology
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Receptors, Leptin/deficiency
- Receptors, Leptin/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tahir Ali
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Amjad Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Sohail Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Noman Bin Abid
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mehtab Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gi Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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Funamoto M, Shimizu K, Sunagawa Y, Katanasaka Y, Miyazaki Y, Kakeya H, Yamakage H, Satoh-Asahara N, Wada H, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Effects of Highly Absorbable Curcumin in Patients with Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:8208237. [PMID: 31871950 PMCID: PMC6906884 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8208237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is enhanced by various mechanisms. Serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a useful prognostic marker in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. To examine the effects of Theracurmin®, a highly absorbable curcumin preparation, on glucose tolerance, adipocytokines, and oxidized LDL, we conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group randomized trial in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. We randomly divided the patients with impaired glucose tolerance or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and stable individuals into the placebo group and the Theracurmin® (180 mg daily for 6 months) group. Of the 33 patients analyzed, 18 (14 males and 4 females) were administered placebo and 15 (9 males and 6 females) were administered Theracurmin®. The patient characteristics did not differ between the two groups. The primary endpoint, HbA1c, did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, the level of α1-antitrypsin-low-density lipoprotein (AT-LDL), the oxidized LDL, significantly increased (p = 0.024) in the placebo group from the beginning of the trial up to 6 months, although there was no such change in the Theracurmin® group. The percentage change in BMI from the beginning of the trial up to 6 months tended to be higher in the Theracurmin® group than in the placebo group. Patients in the Theracurmin® group tended to have a larger percentage change in adiponectin and LDL-C than those in the placebo group. Patients in the Theracurmin® group showed a smaller percentage change in AT-LDL than those in the placebo group. This study suggests that the highly absorbable curcumin could potentially inhibit a rise in oxidized LDL in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. This trial is registered with UMIN000007361.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Funamoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kana Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Katanasaka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamakage
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Noriko Satoh-Asahara
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Wada
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
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miR-449a induces EndMT, promotes the development of atherosclerosis by targeting the interaction between AdipoR2 and E-cadherin in Lipid Rafts. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:2293-2304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Liu Y, Vu V, Sweeney G. Examining the Potential of Developing and Implementing Use of Adiponectin-Targeted Therapeutics for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:842. [PMID: 31920962 PMCID: PMC6918867 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases encompass those affecting the heart and vasculature as well as other metabolic problems, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. These diseases tend to have common risk factors, one of which is impaired adiponectin action. This may be due to reduced bioavailability of the hormone or resistance to its effects on target tissues. A strong negative correlation between adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic diseases has been well-documented and research shown that adiponectin has cardioprotective, insulin sensitizing and direct beneficial metabolic effects. Thus, therapeutic approaches to enhance adiponectin action are widely considered to be desirable. The complexity of adiponectin structure and function has so far made progress in this area less than ideal. In this article we will review the effects and mechanism of action of adiponectin on cardiometabolic tissues, identify scenarios where enhancing adiponectin action would be of clinical value and finally discuss approaches via which this can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Metabolic Disease Research Division, iCarbonX Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Liu
| | - Vivian Vu
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Gary Sweeney
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Wu X, Huang L, Liu J. Effects of adiponectin on osteoclastogenesis from mouse bone marrow-derived monocytes. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1228-1233. [PMID: 30679996 PMCID: PMC6327630 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of adiponectin on bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs) in the process of osteoclastogenesis. Primary BMMs derived from the mouse bone marrow were cultured, which were then treated with different concentrations of adiponectin and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF). Cell viability was determined by measuring the absorbance after 24 h with Cell Counting Kit-8 reagent. BMM cells treated with adiponectin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were induced and differentiated to mature osteoclasts for 1 week, and then stained with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The number of osteoclasts was evaluated under light microscopy. The expression of adiponectin in BMMs at the gene and protein levels was further assessed with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The cellular proliferation experiment demonstrated that the optical density value decreased gradually with an increase of adiponectin concentration, with statistically significant differences detected among groups. In addition, the number of osteoclasts in the adiponectin-treated group was significantly reduced compared with that in the control group. Adiponectin expression was confirmed in BMMs at both the protein and mRNA levels. In conclusion, the present data demonstrated that adiponectin has a significant inhibitory effect on the osteoclast differentiation and proliferation of BMMs, suggesting a novel strategy for preventing osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Leitao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jichun Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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61
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Bianchi VE. Weight loss is a critical factor to reduce inflammation. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 28:21-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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62
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ADIPOR2 variant is associated with higher fasting glucose level in non-diabetic Chinese Han population. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-018-0620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Huh JY, Lee S, Ma EB, Eom HJ, Baek J, Ko YJ, Kim KH. The effects of phenolic glycosides from Betula platyphylla var. japonica on adipocyte differentiation and mature adipocyte metabolism. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1167-1173. [PMID: 30126307 PMCID: PMC6104606 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1491846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Betula platyphylla var. japonica (Betulaceae) has been used traditionally in Asian countries for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. A recent study has reported a phenolic compound, platyphylloside from B. platyphylla, that shows inhibition on adipocyte differentiation and induces lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells. Based on this finding, we conducted phytochemical analysis of the EtOH extract of the bark of B. platyphylla var. japonica, which resulted in the isolation of phenolic glycosides (1–4). Treatment of the isolated compounds (1–4) during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of adipogenesis. In mature adipocytes, arylbutanoid glycosides (2–4) induced lipolysis related genes HSL and ATGL, whereas catechin glycoside (1) had no effect. Additionally, arylbutanoid glycosides (2–4) also induced GLUT4 and adiponectin mRNA expression, indicating improvement in insulin signaling. This suggests that the isolates from B. platyphylla var. japonica exert benefial effects in regulation of adipocyte differentiation as well as adipocyte metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Young Huh
- a College of Pharmacy , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Seulah Lee
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bi Ma
- a College of Pharmacy , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Eom
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Joo Ko
- c Laboratory of Nucear Magnetic Resonance , National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities (NCIRF), Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
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Mathew H, Castracane VD, Mantzoros C. Adipose tissue and reproductive health. Metabolism 2018; 86:18-32. [PMID: 29155136 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of adipose tissue role has evolved from that of a depot energy storage organ to a dynamic endocrine organ. While genetics, sexual phenotype and sex steroids can impact the mass and distribution of adipose tissue, there is a counter-influence of white adipocytes on reproduction. This primarily occurs via the secretion of adipokines, the most studied of which- leptin and adiponectin- are highlighted in this article. Leptin, the "satiety hormone" primarily acts on the hypothalamus via pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons to translate acute changes in nutrition and energy expenditure, as well as chronic adipose accumulation into changes in appetite and potentially mediate insulin resistance via shared pathway and notably impacting reproductive health via influence on GnRH secreting neurons. Meanwhile, adiponectin is notable for its action in mediating insulin sensitivity, with receptors found at every level of the reproductive axis. Both have been examined in the context of physiologic and pathologic reproductive conditions. Leptin has been shown to influence puberty, pregnancy, hypothalamic amenorrhea, and lipodystrophy, and with a potential therapeutic role for both metabolic and reproductive health. Adiponectin mediates the relative state of insulin resistance in pregnancy, and has been implicated in conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome and reproductive malignancies. There are numerous other adipokines, including resistin, visfatin, chemerin and retinol binding protein-4, which may also play roles in reproductive health and disease states. The continued examination of these and other adipokines in both normal reproduction and reproductive pathologies represents an important avenue for continued study. Here, we seek to provide a broad, yet comprehensive overview of many facets of these relationships and highlight areas of consideration for clinicians and future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Mathew
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - V Daniel Castracane
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - Christos Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Chen G, Huang L, Wu X, Liu X, Xu Q, Li F, Dai M, Zhang B. Adiponectin inhibits osteoclastogenesis by suppressing NF-κB and p38 signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2075-2082. [PMID: 30107914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin (APN) has been shown to play a key role in regulating bone mineral density (BMD). Nevertheless, the effects of APN on receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation and mechanism of regulation are not entirely clear. The study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effect of APN on osteoclastogenesis. Our results showed that APN inhibits osteoclastogenesis and resorption function in vitro by suppressing nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and p38 signaling pathways, which is essential for osteoclast formation. Moreover, APN blocked the formation of F-actin rings and attenuated osteoclast-mediated bone resorptive function. Therefore, we concluded that APN may provide a potential treatment for osteoclast-related diseases, such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China; Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
| | - Leitao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China; Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
| | - Xuqiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China; Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China; Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China; Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China; Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China; Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi province, 330006, China.
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Bacupari peel extracts (Garcinia brasiliensis) reduces the biometry, lipogenesis and hepatic steatosis in obese rats. Food Res Int 2018; 114:169-177. [PMID: 30361013 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract of bacupari peel (EEB) on biometric measurements, hepatic lipogenesis and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese Wistar rats. Chemical analysis of the bacupari peel extract identified 7-epiclusianone as the major constituent (140.02 mg/g) followed by morelloflavone (35.86 mg/g). Animals treated with high fat diet plus EEB (BHFD) reduced body mass index (BMI), liver weight and hepatosomatic index in relation to the obese control. The food intake was similar between hyperlipid group (HFD) groups with or without EEB. However, the normal control group (AIN-93 M) presented higher food intake and lower final weight compared to the obese control (HFD). The PPAR-α, CPT-1a and the ADIPOR2 genes expressions, and the concentration of the PPAR-α and the adiponectin protein level increased in the BHFD group in relation to the obese control. The EEB promoted reduction of the SREBP-1c gene expression and the percentage of hepatic fat and the degree of steatosis in relation to HFD. It was concluded that EEB showed a protective effect on NAFLD, as it promoted a reduction in BMI, induced lipid oxidation, reduced lipogenesis and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, our results suggest an interaction that can lead to an agonist activity of the EEB to the PPAR-α receptor.
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Ishihara H, Yamaguchi S, Nakao I, Asahina S, Sakatani T. Efficacy and safety of ipragliflozin as add-on therapy to insulin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (IOLITE): a 36-week, open-label extension of a 16-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Diabetol Int 2018; 10:37-50. [PMID: 30800562 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-018-0359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective To examine long-term efficacy/safety of ipragliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, added to ongoing insulin therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We conducted a 36-week, open-label extension of ipragliflozin therapy following a 16-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind period (treatment periods II and I, respectively). Prior to the open-label period, patients taking insulin with/without a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor were randomized to receive placebo or 50 mg once-daily ipragliflozin. Oral antidiabetic drugs other than DPP-4 inhibitors were discontinued 4 weeks before screening. Following treatment period I, all patients received open-label ipragliflozin 50 mg, with the possibility of a dose increase to 100 mg at week 24 if HbA1c was ≥ 7.0% at week 20. Efficacy endpoints were changes in HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), self-monitored blood glucose, bodyweight, and metabolic hormones. Drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were monitored for safety. Results Of 175 patients randomized to ipragliflozin, 168 entered treatment period II, 121 (69%) of whom completed this period. The mean ± standard deviation changes in HbA1c, FPG, and bodyweight from baseline (start of treatment period I) to the end of treatment were - 0.83 ± 0.72%, - 31.5 ± 41.2 mg/dL, and - 1.34 ± 1.80 kg, respectively. Between weeks 8 and 32, HbA1c was lower in patients taking a DPP-4 inhibitor than in those without. The most common drug-related TEAE was hypoglycemia; no drug-related TEAEs not already reported for ipragliflozin were observed. Conclusions Ipragliflozin was well tolerated, effective, and reduced bodyweight over a period of 52 weeks in patients treated with insulin with/without a DPP-4 inhibitor. Clinicaltrialsgov identifier NCT02175784.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisamitsu Ishihara
- 1Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchikami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610 Japan
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68
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Depreester E, De Koster J, Van Poucke M, Hostens M, Van den Broeck W, Peelman L, Contreras G, Opsomer G. Influence of adipocyte size and adipose depot on the number of adipose tissue macrophages and the expression of adipokines in dairy cows at the end of pregnancy. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6542-6555. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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69
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Hughes-Austin JM, Deane KD, Giles JT, Derber LA, Zerbe GO, Dabelea DM, Sokolove J, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Norris JM. Plasma adiponectin levels are associated with circulating inflammatory cytokines in autoantibody positive first-degree relatives of rheumatoid arthritis patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199578. [PMID: 29940013 PMCID: PMC6016921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), potentially due to systemic inflammation, include cardiovascular disease and sarcopenic obesity. Adiponectin, an adipose-derived cytokine, has been implicated in inflammatory processes in RA, but little is known regarding its association with inflammation in a pre-clinical period. Therefore, we investigated whether adiponectin was associated with inflammatory markers in individuals at risk for RA, and whether RA-related autoimmunity modifies these associations. Methods We analyzed samples from 144 first-degree relatives (FDRs) of RA probands, of whom 23 were positive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and/or ≥ 2 rheumatoid factor isotypes (IgM, IgG or IgA). We called this phenotype the ‘high risk autoantibody profile (HRP)’ as it has been shown in prior work to be >96% specific for future RA. We measured adiponectin, cytokines, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Using linear mixed effects models, we evaluated interaction between HRP positivity and adiponectin on inflammatory markers, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, pack-years smoking, and use of cholesterol-lowering medications. Results In everyone, adiponectin concentration was inversely associated with hsCRP and IL-1β in adjusted models, where a 1% higher adiponectin was associated with a 26% lower hsCRP (p = 0.04) and a 26% lower IL-1β (p = 0.04). Significant interactions between HRP and adiponectin for associations with GM-CSF, IL-6, and IL-9 were detected in fully adjusted models (p = 0.0006, p = 0.006, p = 0.01, respectively). In HRP positive FDRs but not HRP negative FDRs, a 1% higher adiponectin was associated with 97% higher GM-CSF, 73% higher IL-6, and 54% higher IL-9 concentrations. Conclusions Adiponectin associates with inflammatory markers, and these associations differ in individuals with a high-risk autoantibody profile compared with those without. The interaction between adiponectin and autoimmunity warrants further investigation into the potential systemic effects of RA-related autoantibodies and adiponectin on inflammation in the absence of clinically apparent RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M. Hughes-Austin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jon T. Giles
- Division of Rheumatology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lezlie A. Derber
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Gary O. Zerbe
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Dana M. Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Sokolove
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California and the Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - William H. Robinson
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California and the Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - V. Michael Holers
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
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Kobayashi Y, Inagawa H, Kohchi C, Kazumura K, Tsuchiya H, Miwa T, Okazaki K, Soma GI. Oral administration of Pantoea agglomerans-derived lipopolysaccharide prevents development of atherosclerosis in high-fat diet-fed apoE-deficient mice via ameliorating hyperlipidemia, pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative responses. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195008. [PMID: 29584779 PMCID: PMC5871011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pantoea agglomerans (P. agglomerans) is a Gram-negative bacterium that grows symbiotically with various edible plants, and the oral or sublingual administration of lipopolysaccharide derived from P. agglomerans (LPSp) have been suggested to contribute to prevention of immune-related diseases. Our previous study indicated that orally administered LPSp was shown to exhibit an LDL-lowering effect in hyperlipidemic volunteers; however, a preventive effect of LPSp on atherosclerosis is unclear. The present study attempted to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic effect by LPSp in a mouse model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced atherosclerosis. For 16 weeks, apoE-deficient mice were fed an HFD and received drinking water containing LPSp (0.3 or 1 mg/kg body weight/day). The results showed that the orally administered LPSp decreased body weight. A significant reduction in atherosclerotic plaque deposition was observed even with the lower dose of LPSp. The biochemical analyses showed that LPSp markedly improved glucose tolerance and reduced plasma LDL and oxidized LDL levels. In addition, LPSp significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including MCP-1 (in the plasma), TNF-α and IL-6 (in the colon), and decreased the oxidative burst activities in the peripheral blood sample. Taken together, these results suggest the possibility that oral administration of LPSp can effectively ameliorate HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and inflammatory/oxidative responses to prevent atherosclerosis and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Kobayashi
- Departments of Integrated and Holistic Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hiroyuki Inagawa
- Departments of Integrated and Holistic Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Control of Innate Immunity, Technology Research Association, Kagawa, Japan
- Research Institute for Healthy Living, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Chie Kohchi
- Departments of Integrated and Holistic Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Macrophi Inc., Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kimiko Kazumura
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuchiya
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Miwa
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuichiro Okazaki
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Gen-Ichiro Soma
- Departments of Integrated and Holistic Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Control of Innate Immunity, Technology Research Association, Kagawa, Japan
- Research Institute for Healthy Living, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Alili R, Nivet-Antoine V, Saldmann A, Golmard JL, Cottart CH, Laguillier C, Giral P, Beaudeux JL, Bouillot JL, Poitou C, Clément K, Hébert-Schuster M. Human catalase gene promoter haplotype and cardiometabolic improvement after bariatric surgery. Gene 2018; 656:17-21. [PMID: 29496557 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Although its powerful impact on most co-morbidities has been widely demonstrated, the metabolic outcomes of bariatric surgery (BS) show a great heterogeneity among patients. Haplotypes of one of the major antioxidant enzyme, catalase (CAT), are associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The haplotype referred to as CAT1 includes homozygous carriers of CATH1 [-844G,-89A,-20T], whereas CAT2 haplotype includes heterozygous carriers (CATH1/CATH2) and CATH2 homozygous [-844A,-89T,-20C]. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of CAT1 and CAT2 haplotypes on traditional cardiovascular and metabolic markers one year after BS in a women population. The 294 women with a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 were followed-up for one year after BS, monitoring their anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory parameters. CAT1 patients had significantly improved diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and Creactive protein (CRP) levels compared to CAT2 one year after BS. In untreated women at baseline, the change of CRP one year after BS was higher in CAT1 patients. In the population of women receiving at least one anti-lipidic, anti-hypertensive or anti-diabetic treatment at baseline, DBP and fat mass were lower one year after BS in CAT1 patients and the greater change of fat mass was associated with a higher change of adiponectin. The results highlight the beneficial impact of the CAT1 haplotype on traditional cardiovascular and metabolic parameters after BS. Our findings suggest that the CAT1 haplotype could be implicated in the level of metabolic and cardiovascular improvement after BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohia Alili
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Valérie Nivet-Antoine
- INSERM, UMR S1140, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry A, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Saldmann
- Sorbonne University, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, France
| | - Jean-Louis Golmard
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biostatistics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Henry Cottart
- INSERM, U1151, INEM, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry A, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Laguillier
- INSERM, U1148, UFR SMBH, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France
| | - Philippe Giral
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Beaudeux
- INSERM, U1139, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry A, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bouillot
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of General, Digestive and Metabolic Surgery, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Boulogne, France
| | - Christine Poitou
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Karine Clément
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Heart and Metabolism Department, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics, Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie/Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Marylise Hébert-Schuster
- INSERM, U1139, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Automated Biological Diagnostic, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
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Sente T, Gevaert A, Van Berendoncks A, Vrints CJ, Hoymans VY. The evolving role of adiponectin as an additive biomarker in HFrEF. Heart Fail Rev 2018; 21:753-769. [PMID: 27480276 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-016-9578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a growing health problem. Despite improved management and outcome, the number of patients with HF is expected to keep rising in the following years. In recent research, adiponectin was shown to exert beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system, but the protein was also implicated in the development and progression of HF. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of current knowledge on the role of adiponectin in HF with reduced ejection fraction. We discuss the cardioprotective and (anti-) inflammatory actions of adiponectin and its potential use in clinical diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahnee Sente
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Andreas Gevaert
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Van Berendoncks
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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The Adiponectin Homolog Osmotin Enhances Neurite Outgrowth and Synaptic Complexity via AdipoR1/NgR1 Signaling in Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6673-6686. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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74
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Sifuentes-Franco S, Padilla-Tejeda DE, Carrillo-Ibarra S, Miranda-Díaz AG. Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Mitochondrial Function in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:1875870. [PMID: 29808088 PMCID: PMC5902001 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1875870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the second most frequent and prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The increase in the production of oxidative stress (OS) is induced by the persistent hyperglycemic state capable of producing oxidative damage to the macromolecules (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids). OS favors the production of oxidative damage to the histones of the double-chain DNA and affects expression of the DNA repairer enzyme which leads to cell death from apoptosis. The chronic hyperglycemic state unchains an increase in advanced glycation end-products (AGE) that interact through the cellular receptors to favor activation of the transcription factor NF-κB and the protein kinase C (PKC) system, leading to the appearance of inflammation, growth, and augmentation of synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in DN. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications because the production of ROS increases during the persistent hyperglycemia. The primary source of the excessive production of ROS is the mitochondria with the capacity to exceed production of endogenous antioxidants. Due to the fact that the mechanisms involved in the development of DN have not been fully clarified, there are different approaches to specific therapeutic targets or adjuvant management alternatives in the control of glycemia in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sifuentes-Franco
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - Diego Enrique Padilla-Tejeda
- Programa de Químico Farmacéutico Biotecnologo, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Zapopan, Universidad del Valle de México, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - Sandra Carrillo-Ibarra
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
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Cen C, Fang HX, Yu SF, Liu JM, Liu YX, Zhou L, Yu J, Zheng SS. Association between ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms and the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus after liver transplantation. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2017; 16:602-609. [PMID: 29291779 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(17)60069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) has become one of the major factors that affect the overall survival and long-term life quality in liver transplantation (LT) recipients. Previous studies found that the serum adiponectin concentration of diabetic patients is significantly lower than that of healthy subjects. Adiponectin regulates the blood glucose level by increasing body sensitivity to insulin through various mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of diabetes related gene polymorphisms on the development of NODAT in liver recipients. METHODS A total of 256 LT patients in a single-center were selected retrospectively for the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from explanted liver tissues, and tested for twelve diabetes mellitus associated single nucleotide polymorphisms by Sequenom MassARRAY. Modified clinical models in predicting NODAT were established and evaluated. RESULTS The GG genotype of ADIPOQ rs1501299 gene polymorphism was significantly more frequent in NODAT than non-NODAT LT patients (56% vs 39%, P=0.014). Dominant model (GG vs GT+TT, P=0.030) and recessive model (GT+GG vs TT, P=0.005) also confirmed the genotype distribution difference between NODAT and non-NODAT groups. Age (OR=1.048, P=0.004), BMI (OR=1.107, P=0.041), and blood tacrolimus level at 1-month LT (OR=1.170, P=0.003) were clinical independent risk factors of NODAT. Furthermore, rs1501299 could improve the ability of clinical model in predicting NODAT (AUROC=0.743, P<0.001). CONCLUSION ADIPOQ rs1501299 gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of NODAT, which should be added to the clinical models in predicting the occurrence of NODAT in LT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Cen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hai-Xing Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Song-Feng Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ji-Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton CAN L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Yuan-Xing Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shu-Sen Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Effect of L-carnitine administration on serum insulin and adiponectin levels, and AMPK, APPL1 and PPAR? gene expression in STZ-induced diabetic rat liver. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj89.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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77
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von Frankenberg AD, Reis AF, Gerchman F. Relationships between adiponectin levels, the metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes: a literature review. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2017; 61:614-622. [PMID: 29412387 PMCID: PMC10522055 DOI: 10.1590/2359-3997000000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Elevated hepatic glucose production, impaired insulin secretion, and insulin resistance - abnormalities of glucose metabolism typically found in subjects with obesity - are major factors underlying the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (DM2) and the metabolic syndrome (MS). Adiponectin is a major regulator of glucose and lipid homeostasis via its insulin-sensitizing properties, and lower levels seems to be associated with the development of DM2 and MS. The purpose of this review is to clarify the mechanisms whereby adiponectin relates to the development of DM2 and MS and the association between polymorphisms of the adiponectin gene, circulating levels of the hormone, and its relationships with DM2. In addition, the impact of dietary lipids in the circulating levels of adiponectin will be addressed. According to the literature, circulating adiponectin levels seem to decrease as the number of MS components increases. Lower adiponectin concentrations are associated with higher intra-abdominal fat content. Therefore, adiponectin could link intra-abdominal fat with insulin resistance and development of MS. Therapeutic strategies that target the MS and its components, such as lifestyle modification through physical activity and weight loss, have been shown to increase adiponectin concentrations. Possible roles of diets containing either low or high amounts of fat, or different types of fat, have been analyzed in several studies, with heterogeneous results. Supplementation with n-3 PUFA modestly increases adiponectin levels, whereas conjugated linoleic acid supplementation appears to reduce concentrations when compared with unsaturated fatty acid supplementation used as an active placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anize Delfino von Frankenberg
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulFaculdade de MedicinaPorto AlegreRSBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Endocrinología, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegreDepartamento de NutriçãoPorto AlegreRSBrasilDepartamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - André F. Reis
- Universidade Federal de São PauloDepartamento de MedicinaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Fernando Gerchman
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulFaculdade de MedicinaPorto AlegreRSBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Endocrinología, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)Porto AlegreRSBrasilUnidade de Metabolismo, Divisão de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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78
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Hampe L, Xu C, Harris PWR, Chen J, Liu M, Middleditch M, Radjainia M, Wang Y, Mitra AK. Synthetic peptides designed to modulate adiponectin assembly improve obesity-related metabolic disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4478-4492. [PMID: 28945274 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adiponectin, an adipokine possessing profound insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, is a potent biotherapeutic agent . The trimeric adiponectin subunit assembles into hexameric and functionally important higher molecular weight (HMW) forms, controlled by the endoplasmic reticulum protein 44 (ERp44). Obesity-induced ER stress decreases the HMW form in serum, contributing to the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. In this study, a panel of synthetic peptides, designed to target ERp44-adiponectin interactions, were tested for their effects on circulating levels of HMW adiponectin. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Peptides derived from the ERp44 binding region of adiponectin and immunoglobulin IgM were synthesized with or without a cell-penetrating sequence. Cultures of 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated with the peptides for assessing the assembly and secretion of HMW adiponectin. Mice given standard chow or a high-fat diet were treated acutely or chronically, with the peptides to investigate the therapeutic effects on insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism. RESULTS The designed peptides interfered with ERp44-adiponectin interactions and modulated adiponectin assembly and release from adipocytes. In particular, IgM-derived peptides facilitated the release of endogenous adiponectin (especially the HMW form) from adipose tissue, enhanced its circulating level and the ratio of HMW-to-total-adiponectin in obese mice. Long-term treatment of mice fed with high-fat diet by IgM-derived peptides reduced the circulating lipid levels and improved insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Targeting ERp44-adiponectin interactions with short peptides represents an effective strategy to treat of obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Hampe
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul W R Harris
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Martin Middleditch
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mazdak Radjainia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alok K Mitra
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Shen X, Li H, Li W, Wu X, Sun Z, Ding X. Telmisartan ameliorates adipoR1 and adipoR2 expression via PPAR-γ activation in the coronary artery and VSMCs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:129-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
Multiple biological, behavioural and genetic determinants or correlates of obesity have been identified to date. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have contributed to the identification of more than 100 obesity-associated genetic variants, but their roles in causal processes leading to obesity remain largely unknown. Most variants are likely to have tissue-specific regulatory roles through joint contributions to biological pathways and networks, through changes in gene expression that influence quantitative traits, or through the regulation of the epigenome. The recent availability of large-scale functional genomics resources provides an opportunity to re-examine obesity GWAS data to begin elucidating the function of genetic variants. Interrogation of knockout mouse phenotype resources provides a further avenue to test for evidence of convergence between genetic variation and biological or behavioural determinants of obesity.
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81
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Balsevich G, Petrie GN, Hill MN. Endocannabinoids: Effectors of glucocorticoid signaling. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 47:86-108. [PMID: 28739508 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
For decades, there has been speculation regarding the interaction of cannabinoids with glucocorticoid systems. Given the functional redundancy between many of the physiological effects of glucocorticoids and cannabinoids, it was originally speculated that the biological mechanisms of cannabinoids were mediated by direct interactions with glucocorticoid systems. With the discovery of the endocannabinoid system, additional research demonstrated that it was actually the opposite; glucocorticoids recruit endocannabinoid signaling, and that the engagement of endocannabinoid signaling mediated many of the neurobiological and physiological effects of glucocorticoids. With the development of advances in pharmacology and genetics, significant advances in this area have been made, and it is now clear that functional interactions between these systems are critical for a wide array of physiological processes. The current review acts a comprehensive summary of the contemporary state of knowledge regarding the biological interactions between glucocorticoids and endocannabinoids, and their potential role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Balsevich
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gavin N Petrie
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew N Hill
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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82
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Liu J, Sui H, Zhao J, Wang Y. Osmotin Protects H9c2 Cells from Simulated Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through AdipoR1/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Front Physiol 2017; 8:611. [PMID: 28993734 PMCID: PMC5622187 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of osmotin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods:In vitro I/R injury model was established on rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells by oxygen and glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion (OGD/R). Cells were administrated with osmotin, and transfected with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) which specifically target adiponectin receptor 1 or 2 (AdipoR1/2). Besides, the cells were incubated with or without LY294002 as inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) under OGD/R condition. Cell viability, apoptosis, expressions of apoptosis-related proteins and inflammatory factors were analyzed. Results: The results showed that osmotin significantly increased H9c2 cells viability compared with the cells treated with vehicle (P < 0.05), and decreased H9c2 cells apoptosis by regulating expressions of apoptosis-related proteins. Moreover, we observed that osmotin statistically reduced the release of proinflammatory factors and increased the release of anti-inflammatory factors in H9c2 cells (P < 0.05). However, these effects were markedly reversed by AdipoR1 silence but not AdipoR2. Furthermore, osmotin dramatically upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, ERK, and downregulated the phosphorylation level of NF-κB (P < 0.05). While administration of LY294002 reduced cell viability, increased cell apoptosis, and aggravated inflammatory response (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggested that the protective effect of osmotin on the simulated OGD/R injured H9c2 cells might be associated with AdipoR1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hua Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jianlin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang Central HospitalXinxiang, Henan, China
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83
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Adipose angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein ameliorates metabolic disorders via promoting adipose tissue adipogenesis and browning. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:567-578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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84
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Puttabyatappa M, Andriessen V, Mesquitta M, Zeng L, Pennathur S, Padmanabhan V. Developmental Programming: Impact of Gestational Steroid and Metabolic Milieus on Mediators of Insulin Sensitivity in Prenatal Testosterone-Treated Female Sheep. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2783-2798. [PMID: 28911168 PMCID: PMC5659659 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal testosterone (T) excess in sheep leads to peripheral insulin resistance (IR), reduced adipocyte size, and tissue-specific changes, with liver and muscle but not adipose tissue being insulin resistant. To determine the basis for the tissue-specific differences in insulin sensitivity, we assessed changes in negative (inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity) and positive mediators (adiponectin and antioxidants) of insulin sensitivity in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissues of control and prenatal T-treated sheep. Because T excess leads to maternal hyperinsulinemia, fetal hyperandrogenism, and functional hyperandrogenism and IR in their female offspring, prenatal and postnatal interventions with antiandrogen, flutamide, and the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone were used to parse out the contribution of androgenic and metabolic pathways in programming and maintaining these defects. Results showed that (1) peripheral IR in prenatal T-treated female sheep is related to increases in triglycerides and 3-nitrotyrosine, which appear to override the increase in high-molecular-weight adiponectin; (2) liver IR is a function of the increase in oxidative stress (3-nitrotyrosine) and lipotoxicity; (3) muscle IR is related to lipotoxicity; and (4) the insulin-sensitive status of visceral adipose tissue appears to be a function of the increase in antioxidants that likely overrides the increase in proinflammatory cytokines, macrophages, and oxidative stress. Prenatal and postnatal intervention with either antiandrogen or insulin sensitizer had partial effects in preventing or ameliorating the prenatal T-induced changes in mediators of insulin sensitivity, suggesting that both pathways are critical for the programming and maintenance of the prenatal T-induced changes and point to potential involvement of estrogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Makeda Mesquitta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Lixia Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Subramaniam Pennathur
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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Involvement of the leptin-adiponectin axis in inflammation and oxidative stress in the metabolic syndrome. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6619. [PMID: 28747790 PMCID: PMC5529549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to study whether the leptin-adiponectin axis may have a pathophysiological role in the increased systemic inflammation and oxidative stress observed in patients with the metabolic syndrome (MS). Leptin, adiponectin, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were measured in a sample of 140 Caucasian subjects (74 males/66 females), aged 28-82 years, 60 with and 80 without the MS. Total concentrations of adiponectin as well as its multimeric forms HMW, MMW and LMW were significantly lower in individuals with the MS. The ratio adiponectin/leptin, a marker of dysfunctional adipose tissue, was dramatically decreased in the MS group. Systemic oxidative stress, as evidenced by levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as well as markers of inflammation such as serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and osteopontin were significantly increased in subjects with the MS. Total adiponectin concentrations were negatively correlated with levels of TBARS and CRP levels. Furthermore, the ratio adiponectin/leptin was negatively correlated with SAA concentrations as well as with CRP levels. We concluded that a dysfunctional adipose tissue as suggested by a low adiponectin/leptin ratio may contribute to the increased oxidative stress and inflammation, hallmarks of the MS.
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86
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Ghorbani A, Shafiee-Nick R, Zojaji SA, Rajabi-Mashhadi MT. Physiological effects of proinsulin-connecting peptide in human subcutaneous adipose tissue. Physiol Int 2017. [PMID: 28648118 DOI: 10.1556/2060.104.2017.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that proinsulin-connecting peptide (C-peptide) may exhibit characteristics of a hormone and show physiological functions in various tissues. This study was aimed to determine whether C-peptide could be involved in the regulation of lipolysis, adiponectin release, and function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in adipose tissue. Human subcutaneous adipose tissue was cultured in the presence of C-peptide. The level of lipolysis was determined by glycerol measurement in the conditioned media. Effect of C-peptide on adiponectin secretion was evaluated in differentiated adipocytes. The adipogenic and osteogenic abilities of adipose MSCs were evaluated using oil red and alizarin red staining, respectively. The tetrazolium bromide test was conducted for evaluating the effect of C-peptide on MSCs proliferation. C-peptide induced a significant decrease in basal lipolysis at concentrations of 8 and 16 nM (p < 0.05). It had no significant effects on isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, adiponectin secretion, and adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. At a concentration of 4 nM, this peptide significantly increased the proliferative capability of MSCs (p < 0.05). These results suggest that C-peptide has some physiological effects in human subcutaneous adipose tissue and contributes to the regulation of basal lipolysis and pool of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghorbani
- 1 Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - R Shafiee-Nick
- 1 Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - S A Zojaji
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - M T Rajabi-Mashhadi
- 3 Department of Surgery, Omid Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran.,4 Endoscopic & Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
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Xu L, Nagata N, Nagashimada M, Zhuge F, Ni Y, Chen G, Mayoux E, Kaneko S, Ota T. SGLT2 Inhibition by Empagliflozin Promotes Fat Utilization and Browning and Attenuates Inflammation and Insulin Resistance by Polarizing M2 Macrophages in Diet-induced Obese Mice. EBioMedicine 2017; 20:137-149. [PMID: 28579299 PMCID: PMC5478253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion (UGE), leading to blood glucose reductions and weight loss. However, the impacts of SGLT2 inhibition on energy homeostasis and obesity-induced insulin resistance are less well known. Here, we show that empagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, enhanced energy expenditure and attenuated inflammation and insulin resistance in high-fat-diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. C57BL/6J mice were pair-fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a HFD with empagliflozin for 16weeks. Empagliflozin administration increased UGE in the DIO mice, whereas it suppressed HFD-induced weight gain, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, empagliflozin shifted energy metabolism towards fat utilization, elevated AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carbolxylase phosphorylation in skeletal muscle, and increased hepatic and plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 levels. Importantly, empagliflozin increased energy expenditure, heat production, and the expression of uncoupling protein 1 in brown fat and in inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT). Furthermore, empagliflozin reduced M1-polarized macrophage accumulation while inducing the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype of macrophages within WAT and liver, lowering plasma TNFα levels and attenuating obesity-related chronic inflammation. Thus, empagliflozin suppressed weight gain by enhancing fat utilization and browning and attenuated obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance by polarizing M2 macrophages in WAT and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Naoto Nagata
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nagashimada
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Fen Zhuge
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yinhua Ni
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Guanliang Chen
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Eric Mayoux
- Boehringer-Ingelheim, Cardio-metabolic Diseases Research, Biberach, Germany
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of System Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tsuguhito Ota
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan; Department of System Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
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88
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Liew CW, Xu S, Wang X, McCann M, Whang Kong H, Carley AC, Pang J, Fantuzzi G, O'Donnell JM, Lewandowski ED. Multiphasic Regulation of Systemic and Peripheral Organ Metabolic Responses to Cardiac Hypertrophy. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 10:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003864. [PMID: 28404627 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.117.003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced fat oxidation in hypertrophied hearts coincides with a shift of carnitine palmitoyl transferase I from muscle to increased liver isoforms. Acutely increased carnitine palmitoyl transferase I in normal rodent hearts has been shown to recapitulate the reduced fat oxidation and elevated atrial natriuretic peptide message of cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Because of the potential for reduced fat oxidation to affect cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide, and thus, induce adipose lipolysis, we studied peripheral and systemic metabolism in male C57BL/6 mice model of transverse aortic constriction in which left ventricular hypertrophy occurred by 2 weeks without functional decline until 16 weeks (ejection fraction, -45.6%; fractional shortening, -22.6%). We report the first evidence for initially improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in response to 2 weeks transverse aortic constriction versus sham, linked to enhanced insulin signaling in liver and visceral adipose tissue (epididymal white adipose tissue [WAT]), reduced WAT inflammation, elevated adiponectin, mulitilocular subcutaneous adipose tissue (inguinal WAT) with upregulated oxidative/thermogenic gene expression, and downregulated lipolysis and lipogenesis genes in epididymal WAT. By 6 weeks transverse aortic constriction, the metabolic profile reversed with impaired insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, reduced insulin signaling in liver, epididymal WAT and heart, and downregulation of oxidative enzymes in brown adipose tissue and oxidative and lipogenic genes in inguinal WAT. CONCLUSIONS Changes in insulin signaling, circulating natriuretic peptides and adipokines, and varied expression of adipose genes associated with altered insulin response/glucose handling and thermogenesis occurred prior to any functional decline in transverse aortic constriction hearts. The findings demonstrate multiphasic responses in extracardiac metabolism to pathogenic cardiac stress, with early iWAT browning providing potential metabolic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wee Liew
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Shanshan Xu
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Xuerong Wang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Maximilian McCann
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Hyerim Whang Kong
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Andrew C Carley
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Jingbo Pang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - J Michael O'Donnell
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.).
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Targeting endothelial metaflammation to counteract diabesity cardiovascular risk: Current and perspective therapeutic options. Pharmacol Res 2017; 120:226-241. [PMID: 28408314 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The association of obesity and diabetes, termed "diabesity", defines a combination of primarily metabolic disorders with insulin resistance as the underlying common pathophysiology. Cardiovascular disorders associated with diabesity represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. This makes diabesity, with its rising impacts on both health and economics, one of the most challenging biomedical and social threats of present century. The emerging comprehension of the genes whose alteration confers inter-individual differences on risk factors for diabetes or obesity, together with the potential role of genetically determined variants on mechanisms controlling responsiveness, effectiveness and safety of anti-diabetic therapy underlines the need of additional knowledge on molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of diabesity. Endothelial cell dysfunction, resulting from the unbalanced production of endothelial-derived vascular mediators, is known to be present at the earliest stages of insulin resistance and obesity, and may precede the clinical diagnosis of diabetes by several years. Once considered as a mere consequence of metabolic abnormalities, it is now clear that endothelial dysfunctional activity may play a pivotal role in the progression of diabesity. In the vicious circle where vascular defects and metabolic disturbances worsen and reinforce each other, a low-grade, chronic, and 'cold' inflammation (metaflammation) has been suggested to serve as the pathophysiological link that binds endothelial and metabolic dysfunctions. In this paradigm, it is important to consider how traditional antidiabetic treatments (specifically addressing metabolic dysregulation) may directly impact on inflammatory processes or cardiovascular function. Indeed, not all drugs currently available to treat diabetes possess the same anti-inflammatory potential, or target endothelial cell function equally. Perspective strategies pointing at reducing metaflammation or directly addressing endothelial dysfunction may disclose beneficial consequences on metabolic regulation. This review focuses on existing and potential new approaches ameliorating endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in the context of diabesity.
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90
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De Koster J, Urh C, Hostens M, Van den Broeck W, Sauerwein H, Opsomer G. Relationship between serum adiponectin concentration, body condition score, and peripheral tissue insulin response of dairy cows during the dry period. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 59:100-104. [PMID: 28063290 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to describe the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration and peripheral tissue insulin response in dairy cows with a variable body condition score (BCS) during the dry period. Cows were selected at the beginning of the dry period based on BCS (BCS <3.75, n = 4; BCS >3.75, n = 5). Animals were followed from the beginning of the dry period by weekly blood sampling and assessment of BCS and backfat thickness. Weekly blood samples were analyzed for adiponectin concentration using a bovine specific ELISA. Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp tests were performed at the end of the dry period to measure peripheral tissue insulin response. Insulin dose response curves were established for both glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Regression analysis revealed that the serum concentrations of adiponectin dropped at the end of the dry period (P < 0.05) and were negatively associated with BCS (P < 0.05). At the level of the glucose metabolism, serum concentrations of adiponectin were positively correlated with insulin responsiveness (reflecting the maximal effect of insulin; r = 0.76, P < 0.05), but not with insulin sensitivity (reflecting the insulin concentration needed to achieve halfmaximal effect; r = -0.54, P = 0.13). At the level of the fatty acid metabolism, greater adiponectin concentrations were negatively correlated with lower NEFA levels during the HEC test reflecting the insulin responsiveness of the NEFA metabolism (r = -0.61, P = 0.08), whereas there was no association with the insulin sensitivity of the NEFA metabolism (r = -0.16, P = 0.67). In conclusion, serum concentrations of adiponectin were negatively associated with the BCS of dairy cows during the dry period and positively associated with insulin responsiveness of the glucose and fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J De Koster
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - C Urh
- Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Hostens
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - W Van den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - G Opsomer
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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91
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Mann JP, Raponi M, Nobili V. Clinical implications of understanding the association between oxidative stress and pediatric NAFLD. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:371-382. [PMID: 28162008 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1291340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is central to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) that characterise oxidative stress are generated in several cellular sites and their production is influence by multi-organ interactions. Areas covered: Mitochondrial dysfunction is the main source of ROS in fatty liver and is closely related to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Both are caused by lipotoxicity and together these three factors form a cycle of progressive organelle damage, resulting in sterile inflammation and apoptosis. Adipose tissue inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis provide substrates for ROS formation and trigger immune activation. Obstructive sleep apnea and abnormal divalent metal metabolism may also play a role. Expert commentary: The majority of available high-quality data originates from studies in adults and there are fewer therapeutic trials performed in pediatric cohorts, therefore conclusions are generalised to children. Establishing the role of organelle interactions, and its relationship with oxidative stress in steatohepatitis, is a rapidly evolving area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake P Mann
- a Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK.,b Department of paediatrics , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | | | - Valerio Nobili
- d Hepatometabolic Unit , Bambino Gesu Hospital - IRCCS , Rome , Italy.,e Liver Research Unit , Bambino Gesu Hospital - IRCCS , Rome , Italy
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92
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Abstract
The interrelationships of growth hormone (GH) actions and aging are complex and incompletely understood. The very pronounced age-related decline in GH secretion together with benefits of GH therapy in individuals with congenital or adult GH deficiency (GHD) prompted interest in GH as an anti-aging agent. However, the benefits of treatment of normal elderly subjects with GH appear to be marginal and counterbalanced by worrisome side effects. In laboratory mice, genetic GH deficiency or resistance leads to a remarkable extension of longevity accompanied by signs of delayed and/or slower aging. Mechanisms believed to contribute to extended longevity of GH-related mutants include improved anti-oxidant defenses, enhanced insulin sensitivity and reduced insulin levels, reduced inflammation and cell senescence, major shifts in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, and greater stress resistance. Negative association of the somatotropic signaling and GH/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-dependent traits with longevity has also been shown in other mammalian species. In humans, syndromes of GH resistance or deficiency have no consistent effect on longevity, but can provide striking protection from cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis. More subtle alterations in various steps of GH and IGF-1 signaling are associated with reduced old-age mortality, particularly in women and with improved chances of attaining extremes of lifespan. Epidemiological studies raise a possibility that the relationship of IGF-1 and perhaps also GH levels with human healthy aging and longevity may be biphasic. However, the impact of somatotropic signaling on neoplastic disease is difficult to separate from its impact on aging, and IGF-1 levels exhibit opposite associations with different chronic, age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
| | - Justin Darcy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
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93
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Tardelli M, Moreno-Viedma V, Zeyda M, Itariu BK, Langer FB, Prager G, Stulnig TM. Adiponectin regulates aquaglyceroporin expression in hepatic stellate cells altering their functional state. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:253-260. [PMID: 27083512 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Obesity is a major risk factor for liver fibrosis and tightly associated with low levels of adiponectin. Adiponectin has antifibrogenic activity protecting from liver fibrosis, which is mainly driven by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Aquaporins are transmembrane proteins that allow the movement of water and, in case of aquaglyceroporins (AQPs), of glycerol that is needed in quiescent HSC for lipogenesis. Expression of various AQPs in liver is altered by obesity; however, the mechanisms through which obesity influences HSCs activation and AQPs expression remain unclear. This study aimed to identify obesity-associated factors that are related to HSC AQPs expression activation and lipid storage. METHODS Correlations between serum adipokine levels and hepatic AQPs gene expression were analyzed from a cohort of obese patients. AQP and fibrotic gene expression was determined in a HSC line (LX2) and in a hepatocyte cell line (HepG2) after stimulation with adiponectin using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We found that serum adiponectin significantly correlated with liver AQP3, AQP7, AQP9 gene expressions. In vitro, adiponectin induced upregulation of AQP3 gene and AQP3 protein expression in human HSCs, but not in hepatocytes, while AQP7, AQP9 remained undetectable. Accordingly, HSC stimulated with adiponectin increased glycerol uptake, lipogenic gene expression, and lipid storage while downregulating activation/fibrosis markers. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that adiponectin is a potent inhibitor of HSC activation and induces AQPs expression. Thus, low serum levels of adiponectin could be a mechanism how obesity affects the functional state of HSC, thereby contributing to obesity-associated liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tardelli
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronica Moreno-Viedma
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Zeyda
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bianca K Itariu
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix B Langer
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Prager
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M Stulnig
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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94
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Abstract
The decrease in adiponectin levels are negatively correlated with chronic subclinical inflammation markers in obesity. The hypertrophic adipocytes cause obesity-linked insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, macrophage polarization is a key determinant regulating adiponectin receptor (AdipoR1/R2) expression and differential adiponectin-mediated macrophage inflammatory responses in obese individuals. In addition to decrease in adiponectin concentrations, the decline in AdipoR1/R2 mRNA expression leads to a decrement in adiponectin binding to cell membrane, and this turns into attenuation in the adiponectin effects. Within the receptor complex, adaptor protein-containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine-binding domain, and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1) is the intracellular binding partner of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. The expression levels of APPL1 or APPL2 lead to an altered adiponectin activity. Despite normal or high adiponectin levels, an impaired post receptor signaling due to APPL1/APPL2 may alter adiponectin efficiency and activity. However, APPL2 blocks adiponectin signaling through AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 by competitive inhibition of APPL1. APPL1 is also an important mediator of adiponectin dependent insulin sensitization. In this context, adiponectin resistance is associated with insulin resistance and is thought to be partly due to the down-regulation of the AdipoRs in high-fat diet fed subjects. Actually, adiponectin resistance occurs very rapidly after saturated fatty acid feeding, this metabolic disturbance is not due to a decrease in AdipoR1 protein content. Intra-abdominal adipose tissue-AdipoR2 expression is reduced in obesity, whereas AdipoR1 expression is not changed. Adiponectin resistance together with insulin resistance forms a vicious cycle. The elevated adiponectin levels with adiponectin resistance is a compensatory response in the condition of an unusual discordance between insulin resistance and adiponectin unresponsiveness.Additionally, different mechanisms are involved in vascular adiponectin resistance at different stages of obesity. Nevertheless, diet-induced hyperlipidemia is the leading cause of vascular adiponectin resistance. Leptin/adiponectin imbalance may also be an important marker of the elevated risk of developing abdominal obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey.
- , Mustafa Kemal Mah. 2137. Sok. 8/14, 06520, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
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95
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Chen MC, Lee CJ, Yang CF, Chen YC, Wang JH, Hsu BG. Low serum adiponectin level is associated with metabolic syndrome and is an independent marker of peripheral arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2017; 9:49. [PMID: 28670347 PMCID: PMC5490214 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-017-0247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin has been implicated in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and arterial stiffness (AS). We aim to determine the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration as well as peripheral AS in hypertensive patients. METHODS Fasting blood samples were obtained from 101 hypertensive patients. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured with an automatic pulse wave analyzer. Serum adiponectin concentrations were determined by using an enzyme immunoassay kit. A baPWV >14.0 m/s was defined as high AS. RESULTS MetS and high AS were present in 62.4 and 71.3% of the study population. Adiponectin was inversely associated with MetS and high AS (both P < 0.001). Serum higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.012), triglycerides (P = 0.001), C-reactive protein (P < 0.001), insulin (P = 0.027), body weight (P = 0.002), waist circumference (WC, P < 0.001), body mass index (P = 0.001) bilateral-baPWV (P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP, P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, P = 0.012), pulse pressure (P = 0.019), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA1-IR (P = 0.026) and HOMA2-IR (P = 0.020)) and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR, P = 0.029) were significantly associated with high AS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the factors significantly associated with AS revealed that adiponectin [odds ratio: 0.932, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.881-0.985, P = 0.012], and SBP (odds ratio: 1.059, 95% CI 1.008-1.113, P = 0.022) were the independent predictors of arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients. Subgroup analysis revealed that SBP (odds ratio: 1.126, 95% CI 1.024-1.237, P = 0.014) and GFR (odds ratio: 0.858, 95% CI 0.739-0.996, P = 0.043) were the independent predictors of arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients without MetS; adiponectin (odds ratio: 0.909, 95% CI 0.931-0.996, P = 0.040) was the independent predictor of arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients with MetS. CONCLUSIONS Hypoadiponectinemia has positive association with MetS and peripheral AS in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jen Lee
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Fen Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, No. 707, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97002 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, No. 707, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97002 Taiwan
| | - Ji-Hung Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, No. 707, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97002 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, No. 707, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97002 Taiwan
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96
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Gradidge PJL. Factors associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in ageing black South African women. Glob Health Action 2017; 10:1359922. [PMID: 29016249 PMCID: PMC5645693 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2017.1359922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of obesity and related metabolic diseases is high and increasing in sub-Saharan African women. Evidence on the determinants of these diseases is limited, particularly in black South African women. OBJECTIVE This PhD review attempts to understand the determinants of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a population of ageing urban-dwelling black South African women. METHODS Drawing on the longitudinal Birth-to-Twenty-Plus cohort, data were collected in 2002/03 and 2012/13, including information on behavioural factors (smoking, sitting time, physical activity, smokeless tobacco, and alcohol consumption), body-size perception, body composition (measures of adiposity and lean mass), blood pressure, and cardiometabolic biomarkers (lipid profile, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, leptin, and adiponectin). RESULTS The prevalence of obesity and related cardiovascular disease risk was high and increased significantly over the 10 year period. Despite most of the study population being physically active, sitting time was high and associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertriglyceridaemia. Two groups of people were observed, those who were happy and those who were unhappy with their body size. In logistic regression analysis, the risk of MetS was lowered by abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and adiponectin, and increased by age, smoking, truncal lean mass, and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS Obesity was confirmed to be increasing in black South African women, despite most women being sufficiently active according to guidelines of ≥150 min activity/week. Nevertheless, the contribution of sitting time to poor health outcomes is evident in this study population and must be addressed, particularly in women who are content with being obese. The novel finding of the effects of abdominal subcutaneous tissue and truncal lean mass with MetS requires further investigation. The protective effect of adiponectin against MetS is an important finding which highlights the novel interaction between adiposity and cardiometabolic diseases in black South African women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (CESSM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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97
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High Dietary Fructose Intake on Cardiovascular Disease Related Parameters in Growing Rats. Nutrients 2016; 9:nu9010011. [PMID: 28035952 PMCID: PMC5295055 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a high-fructose diet on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related parameters in growing rats. Three-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups; a regular diet group (RD: fed regular diet based on AIN-93G, n = 8), a high-fructose diet group (30Frc: fed regular diet with 30% fructose, n = 8), a high-fat diet group (45Fat: fed regular diet with 45 kcal% fat, n = 8) or a high fructose with high-fat diet group (30Frc + 45Fat, fed diet 30% fructose with 45 kcal% fat, n = 8). After an eight-week treatment period, the body weight, total-fat weight, serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and pro-inflammatory cytokines, abdominal aortic wall thickness, and expressions of eNOS and ET-1 mRNA were analyzed. The result showed that total-fat weight was higher in the 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups compared to the RD group (p < 0.05). Serum triglyceride (TG) levels were highest in the 30Frc group than the other groups (p < 0.05). The abdominal aorta of 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups had higher wall thickness than the RD group (p < 0.05). Abdominal aortic eNOS mRNA level was decreased in 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups compared to the RD group (p < 0.05), and also 45Fat and 30Frc + 45Fat groups had decreased mRNA expression of eNOS compared to the 30Frc group (p < 0.05). ET-1 mRNA level was higher in 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups than the RD group (p < 0.05). Both high fructose consumption and high fat consumption in growing rats had similar negative effects on CVD-related parameters.
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Pierard M, Conotte S, Tassin A, Boutry S, Uzureau P, Boudjeltia KZ, Legrand A. Interactions of exercise training and high-fat diet on adiponectin forms and muscle receptors in mice. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:75. [PMID: 27822289 PMCID: PMC5094086 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by systemic disturbances that increase cardiovascular risk. Adiponectin (Ad) exhibits a cardioprotective function because of its anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties. In the bloodstream, this adipocytokine circulates on multimers (Admer), among which high molecular weight (HMW) are the most active forms. Because alterations of Ad plasmatic levels, Admer distribution and receptor (AdipoR) expression have been described in murine models and obese patients, strategies that aim to enhance Ad production or its effect on target tissues are the subject of intense investigations. While exercise training is well known to be beneficial for reducing cardiovascular risk, the contribution of Ad is still controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of exercise training on Ad production, Admer distribution and AdipoR muscle expression in a murine model of MetS. Methods At 6 weeks of age, mice were submitted to a standard (SF) or high-fat high-sugar (HF) diet for 10 weeks. After 2 weeks, the SF- and HF-fed animals were randomly assigned to a training program (SFT, HFT) or not (SFC, HFC). The trained groups were submitted to sessions of running on a treadmill 5 days a week. Results and conclusions The HF mice presented the key problems associated with MetS (increased caloric intake, body weight, glycemia and fat mass), a change in Admer distribution in favor of the less-active forms and increased AdipoR2 expression in muscle. In contrast, exercise training reversed some of the adverse effects of a HF diet (increased glucose tolerance, better caloric intake control) without any modifications in Ad production and Admer distribution. However, increased AdipoR1 muscle expression was observed in trained mice, but this effect was hampered by HF diet. These data corroborate a recent hypothesis suggesting a functional divergence between AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, with AdipoR1 having the predominant protective action on metabolic function. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0138-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélany Pierard
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Conotte
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Tassin
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Boutry
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.,Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Pierrick Uzureau
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory, Free University of Brussels, CHU de Charleroi, Belgium
| | | | - Alexandre Legrand
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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Woodward L, Akoumianakis I, Antoniades C. Unravelling the adiponectin paradox: novel roles of adiponectin in the regulation of cardiovascular disease. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 174:4007-4020. [PMID: 27629236 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) has recently been identified as a dynamic endocrine organ secreting a wide range of adipokines. Adiponectin is one such hormone, exerting endocrine and paracrine effects on the cardiovascular system. At a cellular and molecular level, adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic roles, thereby mitigating key mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis. However, adiponectin expression in human AT as well as its circulating levels are increased in advanced CVD states, and it is actually considered by many as a 'rescue hormone'. Due to the complex mechanisms regulating adiponectin's biosynthesis in the human AT, measurement of its levels as a biomarker in CVD is highly controversial, given that adiponectin exerts protective effects on the cardiovascular system but at the same time its increased levels flag advanced CVD. In this review article, we present the involvement of adiponectin in CVD pathogenesis and we discuss its role as a clinical biomarker. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.22/issuetoc and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bcp.v82.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Woodward
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Ulloa-Martínez M, Burguete-García AI, Murugesan S, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Cruz-Lopez M, García-Mena J. Expression of candidate genes associated with obesity in peripheral white blood cells of Mexican children. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:968-976. [PMID: 27695486 PMCID: PMC5016575 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.58126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a chronic, complex, and multifactorial disease, characterized by excess body fat. Diverse studies of the human genome have led to the identification of susceptibility genes that contribute to obesity. However, relatively few studies have addressed specifically the association between the level of expression of these genes and obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 160 healthy and obese unrelated Mexican children aged 6 to 14 years. We measured the transcriptional expression of 20 genes associated with obesity, in addition to the biochemical parameters, in peripheral white blood cells. The detection of mRNA levels was performed using the OpenArray Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems). RESULTS Obese children exhibited higher values of fasting glucose (p = 0.034), fasting insulin (p = 0.004), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.006), triglycerides (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), and lower values of high-density lipoprotein (p < 0.001) compared to lean children. Analysis of transcriptional expression data showed a difference for ADRB1 (p = 0.0297), ADIPOR1 (p = 0.0317), GHRL (p = 0.0060) and FTO (p = 0.0348) genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that changes in the expression level of the studied genes are involved in biological processes implicated in the development of childhood obesity. Our study contributes new perspectives for a better understanding of biological processes involved in obesity. The protocol was approved by the National Committee and Ethical Committee Board from the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) (IMSS FIS/IMSS/PRIO/10/011).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Ulloa-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
| | - Ana I. Burguete-García
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, CISEI, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, México, México
| | - Selvasankar Murugesan
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
| | - Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
| | - Miguel Cruz-Lopez
- Unidad Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, México
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
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