51
|
Abstract
Changes in bone architecture and metabolism with aging increase the likelihood of osteoporosis and fracture. Age-onset osteoporosis is multifactorial, with contributory extrinsic and intrinsic factors including certain medical problems, specific prescription drugs, estrogen loss, secondary hyperparathyroidism, microenvironmental and cellular alterations in bone tissue, and mechanical unloading or immobilization. At the histological level, there are changes in trabecular and cortical bone as well as marrow cellularity, lineage switching of mesenchymal stem cells to an adipogenic fate, inadequate transduction of signals during skeletal loading, and predisposition toward senescent cell accumulation with production of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Cumulatively, these changes result in bone remodeling abnormalities that over time cause net bone loss typically seen in older adults. Age-related osteoporosis is a geriatric syndrome due to the multiple etiologies that converge upon the skeleton to produce the ultimate phenotypic changes that manifest as bone fragility. Bone tissue is dynamic but with tendencies toward poor osteoblastic bone formation and relative osteoclastic bone resorption with aging. Interactions with other aging physiologic systems, such as muscle, may also confer detrimental effects on the aging skeleton. Conversely, individuals who maintain their BMD experience a lower risk of fractures, disability, and mortality, suggesting that this phenotype may be a marker of successful aging. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4355-4386, 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Endocrinology, and Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,The Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, and the Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Romero-García N, Huete-Acevedo J, Mas-Bargues C, Sanz-Ros J, Dromant M, Borrás C. The Double-Edged Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Hallmarks of Aging. Biomolecules 2023; 13:165. [PMID: 36671550 PMCID: PMC9855573 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The exponential growth in the elderly population and their associated socioeconomic burden have recently brought aging research into the spotlight. To integrate current knowledge and guide potential interventions, nine biochemical pathways are summarized under the term hallmarks of aging. These hallmarks are deeply inter-related and act together to drive the aging process. Altered intercellular communication is particularly relevant since it explains how damage at the cellular level translates into age-related loss of function at the organismal level. As the main effectors of intercellular communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs) might play a key role in the aggravation or mitigation of the hallmarks of aging. This review aims to summarize this role and to provide context for the multiple emerging EV-based gerotherapeutic strategies that are currently under study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nekane Romero-García
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Trauma Intensive Care, Hospital Clinic Universitari Valencia, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Huete-Acevedo
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Mas-Bargues
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Sanz-Ros
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mar Dromant
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Rivera-Torres J, Girón N, San José E. COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review on Cardiovascular Alterations, Immunity, and Therapeutics in Older Adults. J Clin Med 2023; 12:488. [PMID: 36675416 PMCID: PMC9865642 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a review focusing on three relevant issues related to COVID-19 and its impact in older adults (60 years and older). SARS-CoV-2 infection starts in the respiratory system, but the development of systemic diseases accompanied by severe clinical manifestations has also been reported, with cardiovascular and immune system dysfunction being the major ones. Additionally, the presence of comorbidities and aging represent major risk factors for the severity and poor prognosis of the disease. Since aging-associated decline has been largely related to immune and cardiovascular alterations, we sought to investigate the consequences and the underlying mechanisms of these pathologies to understand the severity of the illness in this population. Understanding the effects of COVID-19 on both systems should translate into comprehensive and improved medical care for elderly COVID-19 patients, preventing cardiovascular as well as immunological alterations in this population. Approved therapies that contribute to the improvement of symptoms and a reduction in mortality, as well as new therapies in development, constitute an approach to managing these disorders. Among them, we describe antivirals, cytokine antagonists, cytokine signaling pathway inhibitors, and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Rivera-Torres
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| | - Natalia Girón
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| | - Esther San José
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Pinho S, Zhao M. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Bone Marrow Niches. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1442:17-28. [PMID: 38228956 PMCID: PMC10881178 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7471-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained in the bone marrow microenvironment, also known as the niche, that regulates their proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation. In this chapter, we will introduce the history of HSC niche research and review the interdependencies between HSCs and their niches. We will further highlight recent advances in our understanding of HSC heterogeneity with regard to HSC subpopulations and their interacting cellular and molecular bone marrow niche constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pinho
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Meng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Wen J, Pan T, Li H, Fan H, Liu J, Cai Z, Zhao B. Role of mitophagy in the hallmarks of aging. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:1-14. [PMID: 36642914 PMCID: PMC9898045 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging, subjected to scientific scrutiny, is extensively defined as a time-dependent decline in functions that involves the majority of organisms. The time-dependent accretion of cellular lesions is generally a universal trigger of aging, while mitochondrial dysfunction is a sign of aging. Dysfunctional mitochondria are identified and removed by mitophagy, a selective form of macroautophagy. Increased mitochondrial damage resulting from reduced biogenesis and clearance may promote the aging process. The primary purpose of this paper is to illustrate in detail the effects of mitophagy on aging and emphasize the associations between mitophagy and other signs of aging, including dietary restriction, telomere shortening, epigenetic alterations, and protein imbalance. The evidence regarding the effects of these elements on aging is still limited. And although the understanding of relationship between mitophagy and aging has been long-awaited, to analyze details of such a relationship remains the main challenge in aging studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wen
- Department and Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Aging-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Tingyu Pan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Haixia Fan
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Department and Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Aging-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Zhiyou Cai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400013, China,Zhiyou Cai, Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, 312 Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400013, China. Tel/Fax: +86-23-63515796/+86-23-63515796, E-mail:
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department and Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Aging-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China,Bin Zhao, Department and Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Aging-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, 57 Renmin Road, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China. Tel/Fax: +86-759-2386949/+86-13902501596, E-mail: /
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Balaji AK, Saha S, Deshpande S, Poola D, Sengupta K. Nuclear envelope, chromatin organizers, histones, and DNA: The many achilles heels exploited across cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1068347. [PMID: 36589746 PMCID: PMC9800887 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1068347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, the genome is organized in the form of chromatin composed of DNA and histones that organize and regulate gene expression. The dysregulation of chromatin remodeling, including the aberrant incorporation of histone variants and their consequent post-translational modifications, is prevalent across cancers. Additionally, nuclear envelope proteins are often deregulated in cancers, which impacts the 3D organization of the genome. Altered nuclear morphology, genome organization, and gene expression are defining features of cancers. With advances in single-cell sequencing, imaging technologies, and high-end data mining approaches, we are now at the forefront of designing appropriate small molecules to selectively inhibit the growth and proliferation of cancer cells in a genome- and epigenome-specific manner. Here, we review recent advances and the emerging significance of aberrations in nuclear envelope proteins, histone variants, and oncohistones in deregulating chromatin organization and gene expression in oncogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kundan Sengupta
- Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Rumman M, Dhawan J. PTPRU, a quiescence-induced receptor tyrosine phosphatase negatively regulates osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 636:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
58
|
Jacobs K, Doerdelmann C, Krietsch J, González-Acosta D, Mathis N, Kushinsky S, Guarino E, Gómez-Escolar C, Martinez D, Schmid JA, Leary PJ, Freire R, Ramiro AR, Eischen CM, Mendez J, Lopes M. Stress-triggered hematopoietic stem cell proliferation relies on PrimPol-mediated repriming. Mol Cell 2022; 82:4176-4188.e8. [PMID: 36152632 PMCID: PMC10251193 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell division is linked to tumorigenesis by yet-elusive mechanisms. The hematopoietic system reacts to stress by triggering hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) proliferation, which can be accompanied by chromosomal breakage in activated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, whether these lesions persist in their downstream progeny and induce a canonical DNA damage response (DDR) remains unclear. Inducing HSPC proliferation by simulated viral infection, we report that the associated DNA damage is restricted to HSCs and that proliferating HSCs rewire their DDR upon endogenous and clastogen-induced damage. Combining transcriptomics, single-cell and single-molecule assays on murine bone marrow cells, we found accelerated fork progression in stimulated HSPCs, reflecting engagement of PrimPol-dependent repriming, at the expense of replication fork reversal. Ultimately, competitive bone marrow transplantation revealed the requirement of PrimPol for efficient HSC amplification and bone marrow reconstitution. Hence, fine-tuning replication fork plasticity is essential to support stem cell functionality upon proliferation stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Jacobs
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Doerdelmann
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jana Krietsch
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel González-Acosta
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Mathis
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Saul Kushinsky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Estrella Guarino
- DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gómez-Escolar
- B Lymphocyte Biology Laboratory, Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Martinez
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Biotechnology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonas A Schmid
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Leary
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Functional Genomic Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raimundo Freire
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain; Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Almudena R Ramiro
- B Lymphocyte Biology Laboratory, Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christine M Eischen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juan Mendez
- DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Massimo Lopes
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Therapeutic Antiaging Strategies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102515. [PMID: 36289777 PMCID: PMC9599338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging constitutes progressive physiological changes in an organism. These changes alter the normal biological functions, such as the ability to manage metabolic stress, and eventually lead to cellular senescence. The process itself is characterized by nine hallmarks: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. These hallmarks are risk factors for pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Emerging evidence has been focused on examining the genetic pathways and biological processes in organisms surrounding these nine hallmarks. From here, the therapeutic approaches can be addressed in hopes of slowing the progression of aging. In this review, data have been collected on the hallmarks and their relative contributions to aging and supplemented with in vitro and in vivo antiaging research experiments. It is the intention of this article to highlight the most important antiaging strategies that researchers have proposed, including preventive measures, systemic therapeutic agents, and invasive procedures, that will promote healthy aging and increase human life expectancy with decreased side effects.
Collapse
|
60
|
Altshuler A, Wickström SA, Shalom-Feuerstein R. Spotlighting adult stem cells: advances, pitfalls, and challenges. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 33:477-494. [PMID: 36270939 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The existence of stem cells (SCs) at the tip of the cellular differentiation hierarchy has fascinated the scientific community ever since their discovery in the early 1950s to 1960s. Despite the remarkable success of the SC theory and the development of SC-based treatments, fundamental features of SCs remain enigmatic. Recent advances in single-cell lineage tracing, live imaging, and genomic technologies have allowed capture of life histories and transcriptional signatures of individual cells, leaving SCs much less space to 'hide'. Focusing on epithelial SCs and comparing them to other SCs, we discuss new paradigms of the SC niche, dynamics, and pathology, highlighting key open questions in SC biology that need to be resolved for harnessing SC potential in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
61
|
Testa U, Castelli G, Pelosi E. Clonal Hematopoiesis: Role in Hematologic and Non-Hematologic Malignancies. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2022; 14:e2022069. [PMID: 36119457 PMCID: PMC9448266 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2022.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) ensure the coordinated and balanced production of all hematopoietic cell types throughout life. Aging is associated with a gradual decline of the self-renewal and regenerative potential of HSCs and with the development of clonal hematopoiesis. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) defines the clonal expansion of genetically variant hematopoietic cells bearing one or more gene mutations and/or structural variants (such as copy number alterations). CHIP increases exponentially with age and is associated with cancers, including hematologic neoplasia, cardiovascular and other diseases. The presence of CHIP consistently increases the risk of hematologic malignancy, particularly in individuals who have CHIP in association with peripheral blood cytopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Testa
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Castelli
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Pelosi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Meshchaninov VN, Tsyvian PB, Myakotnykh VS, Kovtun OP, Shcherbakov DL, Blagodareva MS. Ontogenetic Principles of Accelerated Aging and the Prospects for Its Prevention and Treatment. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057022030080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
63
|
Orschell CM, Wu T, Patterson AM. Impact of Age, Sex, and Genetic Diversity in Murine Models of the Hematopoietic Acute Radiation Syndrome (H-ARS) and the Delayed Effects of Acute Radiation Exposure (DEARE). CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2022; 8:139-149. [PMID: 36798890 PMCID: PMC9928166 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-022-00214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Malicious or accidental radiation exposure increases risk for the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) and the delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). Radiation medical countermeasure (MCM) development relies on robust animal models reflective of all age groups and both sexes. This review details critical considerations in murine H-ARS and DEARE model development including divergent radiation responses dependent on age, sex, and genetic diversity. Recent findings Radioresistance increases with murine age from pediatrics through geriatrics. Between sexes, radioresistance is higher in male weanlings, pubescent females, and aged males, corresponding with accelerated myelopoiesis. Jackson diversity outbred (JDO) mice resemble non-human primates in radiation response for modeling human diversity. Weanlings and JDO models exhibit less DEARE than other models. Summary Highly characterized age-, sex- and diversity-conscious murine models of H-ARS and DEARE provide powerful and essential tools in MCM development for all radiation victims.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Andrea M. Patterson
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Choo S, Lorbeer FK, Regalado SG, Short SB, Wu S, Rieser G, Bertuch AA, Hockemeyer D. Editing TINF2 as a potential therapeutic approach to restore telomere length in dyskeratosis congenita. Blood 2022; 140:608-618. [PMID: 35421215 PMCID: PMC9373014 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the TINF2 gene, encoding the shelterin protein TIN2, cause telomere shortening and the inherited bone marrow (BM) failure syndrome dyskeratosis congenita (DC). A lack of suitable model systems limits the mechanistic understanding of telomere shortening in the stem cells and thus hinders the development of treatment options for BM failure. Here, we endogenously introduced TIN2-DC mutations in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to dissect the disease mechanism and identify a gene-editing strategy that rescued the disease phenotypes. The hESCs with the T284R disease mutation exhibited the short telomere phenotype observed in DC patients. Yet, telomeres in mutant hESCs did not trigger DNA damage responses at telomeres or show exacerbated telomere shortening when differentiated into telomerase-negative cells. Disruption of the mutant TINF2 allele by introducing a frameshift mutation in exon 2 restored telomere length in stem cells and the replicative potential of differentiated cells. Similarly, we introduced TIN2-DC disease variants in human HSPCs to assess the changes in telomere length and proliferative capacity. Lastly, we showed that editing at exon 2 of TINF2 that restored telomere length in hESCs could be generated in TINF2-DC patient HSPCs. Our study demonstrates a simple genetic intervention that rescues the TIN2-DC disease phenotype in stem cells and provides a versatile platform to assess the efficacy of potential therapeutic approaches in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seunga Choo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Franziska K Lorbeer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Samuel G Regalado
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Sarah B Short
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Shannon Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Gabrielle Rieser
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Alison A Bertuch
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Dirk Hockemeyer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA; and
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Yuan E, Liu K, Lee J, Tsung K, Chow F, Attenello FJ. Modulating glioblastoma chemotherapy response: Evaluating long non-coding RNA effects on DNA damage response, glioma stem cell function, and hypoxic processes. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac119. [PMID: 36105389 PMCID: PMC9466271 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary adult brain tumor, with an estimated annual incidence of 17 000 new cases in the United States. Current treatments for GBM include chemotherapy, surgical resection, radiation therapy, and antiangiogenic therapy. However, despite the various therapeutic options, the 5-year survival rate remains at a dismal 5%. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for GBM; however, poor TMZ response is one of the main contributors to the dismal prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are nonprotein coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides that have been implicated to mediate various GBM pathologies, including chemoresistance. In this review, we aim to frame the TMZ response in GBM via exploration of the lncRNAs mediating three major mechanisms of TMZ resistance: (1) regulation of the DNA damage response, (2) maintenance of glioma stem cell identity, and (3) exploitation of hypoxia-associated responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith Yuan
- Corresponding Author: Edith Yuan, BA, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State St. Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA ()
| | - Kristie Liu
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Tsung
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frances Chow
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank J Attenello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Fujino T, Asada S, Goyama S, Kitamura T. Mechanisms involved in hematopoietic stem cell aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:473. [PMID: 35941268 PMCID: PMC11072869 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo progressive functional decline over time due to both internal and external stressors, leading to aging of the hematopoietic system. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying HSC aging will be valuable in developing novel therapies for HSC rejuvenation and to prevent the onset of several age-associated diseases and hematological malignancies. This review considers the general causes of HSC aging that range from cell-intrinsic factors to cell-extrinsic factors. In particular, epigenetics and inflammation have been implicated in the linkage of HSC aging, clonality, and oncogenesis. The challenges in clarifying mechanisms of HSC aging have accelerated the development of therapeutic interventions to rejuvenate HSCs, the major goal of aging research; these details are also discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fujino
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shuhei Asada
- The Institute of Laboratory Animals, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 1628666, Japan
| | - Susumu Goyama
- Division of Molecular Oncology Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1088639, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Paccosi E, Balajee AS, Proietti-De-Santis L. A matter of delicate balance: Loss and gain of Cockayne syndrome proteins in premature aging and cancer. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:960662. [PMID: 35935726 PMCID: PMC9351357 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.960662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair genes are critical for preserving genomic stability and it is well established that mutations in DNA repair genes give rise to progeroid diseases due to perturbations in different DNA metabolic activities. Cockayne Syndrome (CS) is an autosomal recessive inheritance caused by inactivating mutations in CSA and CSB genes. This review will primarily focus on the two Cockayne Syndrome proteins, CSA and CSB, primarily known to be involved in Transcription Coupled Repair (TCR). Curiously, dysregulated expression of CS proteins has been shown to exhibit differential health outcomes: lack of CS proteins due to gene mutations invariably leads to complex premature aging phenotypes, while excess of CS proteins is associated with carcinogenesis. Thus it appears that CS genes act as a double-edged sword whose loss or gain of expression leads to premature aging and cancer. Future mechanistic studies on cell and animal models of CS can lead to potential biological targets for interventions in both aging and cancer development processes. Some of these exciting possibilities will be discussed in this review in light of the current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Paccosi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elena Paccosi, ; Adayabalam S. Balajee, ; Luca Proietti-De-Santis,
| | - Adayabalam S. Balajee
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Elena Paccosi, ; Adayabalam S. Balajee, ; Luca Proietti-De-Santis,
| | - Luca Proietti-De-Santis
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elena Paccosi, ; Adayabalam S. Balajee, ; Luca Proietti-De-Santis,
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Meireles GS, Aires R, Côco LZ, Kampke EH, Barroso ME, Vasquez EC, Pereira TM, Meyrelles SS, Campagnaro BP. DNA damage and repair on hematopoietic stem cells: impact of oxidative stress in renovascular hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2022; 44:627-633. [PMID: 35844144 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2022.2101658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated oxidative damage to bone marrow cells in the pathogenesis of renovascular hypertension (RH). METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice (10-week-old and ~23 g) were divided into two groups: Sham-operated and 2K1C, which has a stainless-steel clip placed around the left renal artery. After twenty-eight days, the animals were anesthetized for hemodynamic measurements and bone marrow cells isolation. The intracellular production of ROS, DNA damage, and DNA repair kinetics were evaluated. RESULTS Our results show that RH increases HSCs ROS production and that the 2K1C group showed a significant reduction of HSCs in the G0/G1 phase, increased p53 expression, DNA fragmentation, low DNA repair capacity, and a higher percentage of apoptotic cells when compared with the Sham group. CONCLUSIONS Our data imply that RH can compromise the hematopoiesis by increased oxidative stress leading to impaired DNA repair activity. Furthermore, this study provides new insights into the influence of hypertension on bone marrow homeostasis. This study showed for the first time that RH leads to oxidative damage, including genotoxic, to bone marrow cells. Thus, these findings provide new insights into the consequences of RH on bone marrow cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giselle S Meireles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Aires
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Larissa Z Côco
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Edgar H Kampke
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Maria Es Barroso
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mc Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Tsai LK, Ou-Yang H, Xu J, Chen CM, Chang WF, Sung LY. Effects of Recloning on the Telomere Lengths of Mouse Terc+/- Nuclear Transfer-Derived Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:720-729. [PMID: 35801658 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of genes that participate in the telomere elongation and maintenance processes, such as Terc and Tert, often lead to premature aging related diseases such as dyskeratosis congenita and aplastic anemia. Previously we reported that when mouse Terc+/- tail tip fibroblasts (TTFs) were used as the donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT, also known as "cloning"), the derivative embryonic stem cells (ntESCs) had elongated telomeres. In the present work, we are interested to know if an additional round of SCNT, or recloning, could bring further elongation of the telomeres. Terc+/- TTFs were used to derive the first generation (G1) ntESCs, followed by a second round SCNT using G1-Terc+/- ntESCs as donor cells to derive G2-Tert+/- ntESCs. Multiple lines of G1- and G2-Terc+/- ntESCs were efficiently established, and all expressed major pluripotent markers and supported efficient chondrocyte differentiation in vitro. Comparing to the donor TTFs, telomere lengths of G1-ntESCs were elongated to the level comparable to that in wildtype ntESCs. Interestingly, recloning did not further elongate telomere lengths of the Terc+/- ntESCs. Together, our work demonstrates that while a single round of SCNT is a viable means to reprogram Terc haploinsufficient cells to the ESC state, and to elongate these cells' telomere lengths, a second round of SCNT does not necessarily further elongate the telomeres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kuang Tsai
- National Taiwan University, 33561, Institute of Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan;
| | - Huan Ou-Yang
- National Taiwan University, 33561, Institute of Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan;
| | - Jie Xu
- University of Michigan Medical Center, 166144, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States;
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- National Chung Hsing University, 34916, Taichung, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Fang Chang
- National Taiwan University, 33561, Institute of Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Ying Sung
- National Taiwan University, 33561, Institute of Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617;
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Vitale E, Perveen S, Rossin D, Lo Iacono M, Rastaldo R, Giachino C. Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Ageing Biology and Rejuvenation of Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:912470. [PMID: 35837330 PMCID: PMC9273769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.912470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
What lies at the basis of the mechanisms that regulate the maintenance and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells is still an open question. The control of stemness derives from a fine regulation between transcriptional and metabolic factors. In the last years, an emerging topic has concerned the involvement of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) as a key mechanism in stem cell pluripotency control acting as a bridge between epigenetic, transcriptional and differentiation regulation. This review aims to clarify this new and not yet well-explored horizon discussing the recent studies regarding the CMA impact on embryonic, mesenchymal, and haematopoietic stem cells. The review will discuss how CMA influences embryonic stem cell activity promoting self-renewal or differentiation, its involvement in maintaining haematopoietic stem cell function by increasing their functionality during the normal ageing process and its effects on mesenchymal stem cells, in which modulation of CMA regulates immunosuppressive and differentiation properties. Finally, the importance of these new discoveries and their relevance for regenerative medicine applications, from transplantation to cell rejuvenation, will be addressed.
Collapse
|
71
|
Nguyen VTT, Taheri N, Chandra A, Hayashi Y. Aging of enteric neuromuscular systems in gastrointestinal tract. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14352. [PMID: 35279912 PMCID: PMC9308104 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a complex biological process and associated with a progressive decline in functions of most organs including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Age-related GI motor disorders/dysfunctions include esophageal reflux, dysphagia, constipation, fecal incontinence, reduced compliance, and accommodation. Although the incidence and severity of these diseases and conditions increase with age, they are often underestimated due in part to nonspecific and variable symptoms and lack of sufficient medical attention. They negatively affect quality of life and predispose the elderly to other diseases, sarcopenia, and frailty. The mechanisms underlying aging-associated GI dysfunctions remain unclear, and there is limited data examining the effect of aging on GI motor functions. Many studies on aging-associated changes to cells within the tunica muscularis including enteric neurons, smooth muscles, and interstitial cells have proposed that cell loss and/or molecular changes may be involved in the pathogenesis of age-related GI motor disorders/dysfunctions. There is also evidence that the aging contributes to phenotypic changes in innate immune cells, which are physically and functionally linked to other cells in the tunica muscularis and can alter GI (patho) physiology. However, various patterns of changes have been reported, some of which are contradictory, indicating a need for additional work in this area. PURPOSE Although GI infection due to intestinal bacterial overgrowth, bleeding, and cancers are also important and common problems in the elderly patients, this mini-review focuses on data obtained from enteric neuromuscular aging research with the goal of better understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of enteric neuromuscular aging to enhance future therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vy Truong Thuy Nguyen
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Negar Taheri
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Abstract
Although hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow are in a state of quiescence, they harbor the self-renewal capacity and the pluripotency to differentiate into mature blood cells when needed, which is key to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis. Importantly, HSCs are characterized by their long lifespan ( e. g., up to 60 months for mice), display characteristics of aging, and are vulnerable to various endogenous and exogenous genotoxic stresses. Generally, DNA damage in HSCs is endogenous, which is typically induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), aldehydes, and replication stress. Mammalian cells have evolved a complex and efficient DNA repair system to cope with various DNA lesions to maintain genomic stability. The repair machinery for DNA damage in HSCs has its own characteristics. For instance, the Fanconi anemia (FA)/BRCA pathway is particularly important for the hematopoietic system, as it can limit the damage caused by DNA inter-strand crosslinks, oxidative stress, and replication stress to HSCs to prevent FA occurrence. In addition, HSCs prefer to utilize the classical non-homologous end-joining pathway, which is essential for the V(D)J rearrangement in developing lymphocytes and is involved in double-strand break repair to maintain genomic stability in the long-term quiescent state. In contrast, the base excision repair pathway is less involved in the hematopoietic system. In this review, we summarize the impact of various types of DNA damage on HSC function and review our knowledge of the corresponding repair mechanisms and related human genetic diseases.
Collapse
|
73
|
Ma S, Wang S, Ye Y, Ren J, Chen R, Li W, Li J, Zhao L, Zhao Q, Sun G, Jing Y, Zuo Y, Xiong M, Yang Y, Wang Q, Lei J, Sun S, Long X, Song M, Yu S, Chan P, Wang J, Zhou Q, Belmonte JCI, Qu J, Zhang W, Liu GH. Heterochronic parabiosis induces stem cell revitalization and systemic rejuvenation across aged tissues. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:990-1005.e10. [PMID: 35613617 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The young circulatory milieu capable of delaying aging in individual tissues is of interest as rejuvenation strategies, but how it achieves cellular- and systemic-level effects has remained unclear. Here, we constructed a single-cell transcriptomic atlas across aged tissues/organs and their rejuvenation in heterochronic parabiosis (HP), a classical model to study systemic aging. In general, HP rejuvenated adult stem cells and their niches across tissues. In particular, we identified hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as one of the most responsive cell types to young blood exposure, from which a continuum of cell state changes across the hematopoietic and immune system emanated, through the restoration of a youthful transcriptional regulatory program and cytokine-mediated cell-cell communications in HSPCs. Moreover, the reintroduction of the identified rejuvenating factors alleviated age-associated lymphopoiesis decline. Overall, we provide comprehensive frameworks to explore aging and rejuvenating trajectories at single-cell resolution and revealed cellular and molecular programs that instruct systemic revitalization by blood-borne factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400062, China
| | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400062, China
| | - Yanxia Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Li
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuesheng Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muzhao Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanhan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinghui Lei
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiao Long
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Moshi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | | | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400062, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Salvi JS, Kang J, Kim S, Colville AJ, de Morrée A, Billeskov TB, Larsen MC, Kanugovi A, van Velthoven CTJ, Cimprich KA, Rando TA. ATR activity controls stem cell quiescence via the cyclin F-SCF complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2115638119. [PMID: 35476521 PMCID: PMC9170012 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115638119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A key property of adult stem cells is their ability to persist in a quiescent state for prolonged periods of time. The quiescent state is thought to contribute to stem cell resilience by limiting accumulation of DNA replication–associated mutations. Moreover, cellular stress response factors are thought to play a role in maintaining quiescence and stem cell integrity. We utilized muscle stem cells (MuSCs) as a model of quiescent stem cells and find that the replication stress response protein, ATR (Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-Related), is abundant and active in quiescent but not activated MuSCs. Concurrently, MuSCs display punctate RPA (replication protein A) and R-loop foci, both key triggers for ATR activation. To discern the role of ATR in MuSCs, we generated MuSC-specific ATR conditional knockout (ATRcKO) mice. Surprisingly, ATR ablation results in increased MuSC quiescence exit. Phosphoproteomic analysis of ATRcKO MuSCs reveals enrichment of phosphorylated cyclin F, a key component of the Skp1–Cul1–F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex and regulator of key cell-cycle transition factors, such as the E2F family of transcription factors. Knocking down cyclin F or inhibiting the SCF complex results in E2F1 accumulation and in MuSCs exiting quiescence, similar to ATR-deficient MuSCs. The loss of ATR could be counteracted by inhibiting casein kinase 2 (CK2), the kinase responsible for phosphorylating cyclin F. We propose a model in which MuSCs express cell-cycle progression factors but ATR, in coordination with the cyclin F–SCF complex, represses premature stem cell quiescence exit via ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of these factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh S. Salvi
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jengmin Kang
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Soochi Kim
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Alex J. Colville
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Antoine de Morrée
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Tine Borum Billeskov
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Mikkel Christian Larsen
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Abhijnya Kanugovi
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Cindy T. J. van Velthoven
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Karlene A. Cimprich
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305–5441
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Neurology Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Kuzin S, Bogomolov D, Berechikidze I, Larina S, Sakharova T. Peculiar features of bone marrow cell proliferation in Djungarian hamsters with genetic disorders under thiotepa effect. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper aims to examine the proliferation of bone marrow cell pool in Djungarian hamsters and the subsequent restoration of their genetic stability after the action of thiotepa (TT). The study involved 36 animals, of which 16 were in the control group (injected with 0.25 ml of physiological solution), and 20 in the experimental group (0.25 ml of thiotepa at a dose of 1.5 mg per 1 kg of body weight). The maximum number of cells with CA amounting to 30.0% was observed 13 hours after TT injection (p≤0.05 between the control and experimental groups) and rapidly declined to 5.7% over subsequent periods by the 37th hour of the experiment (p≤0.05). The results suggest that the restoration of cell pool genetic stability is largely associated with the cell selection mechanisms, which confers an advantage over cell proliferation without chromosome anomalies.
Collapse
|
76
|
Wang M, Dingler FA, Patel KJ. Genotoxic aldehydes in the hematopoietic system. Blood 2022; 139:2119-2129. [PMID: 35148375 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive aldehydes are potent genotoxins that threaten the integrity of hematopoietic stem cells and blood production. To protect against aldehydes, mammals have evolved a family of enzymes to detoxify aldehydes, and the Fanconi anemia DNA repair pathway to process aldehyde-induced DNA damage. Loss of either protection mechanisms in humans results in defective hematopoiesis and predisposition to leukemia. This review will focus on the impact of genotoxic aldehydes on hematopoiesis, the sources of endogenous aldehydes, and potential novel protective pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology and
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Felix A Dingler
- Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K J Patel
- Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Vougioukalaki M, Demmers J, Vermeij WP, Baar M, Bruens S, Magaraki A, Kuijk E, Jager M, Merzouk S, Brandt RM, Kouwenberg J, van Boxtel R, Cuppen E, Pothof J, Hoeijmakers JHJ. Different responses to DNA damage determine ageing differences between organs. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13562. [PMID: 35246937 PMCID: PMC9009128 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Organs age differently, causing wide heterogeneity in multimorbidity, but underlying mechanisms are largely elusive. To investigate the basis of organ-specific ageing, we utilized progeroid repair-deficient Ercc1Δ /- mouse mutants and systematically compared at the tissue, stem cell and organoid level two organs representing ageing extremes. Ercc1Δ /- intestine shows hardly any accelerated ageing. Nevertheless, we found apoptosis and reduced numbers of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), but cell loss appears compensated by over-proliferation. ISCs retain their organoid-forming capacity, but organoids perform poorly in culture, compared with WT. Conversely, liver ages dramatically, even causing early death in Ercc1-KO mice. Apoptosis, p21, polyploidization and proliferation of various (stem) cells were prominently elevated in Ercc1Δ /- liver and stem cell populations were either largely unaffected (Sox9+), or expanding (Lgr5+), but were functionally exhausted in organoid formation and development in vitro. Paradoxically, while intestine displays less ageing, repair in WT ISCs appears inferior to liver as shown by enhanced sensitivity to various DNA-damaging agents, and lower lesion removal. Our findings reveal organ-specific anti-ageing strategies. Intestine, with short lifespan limiting time for damage accumulation and repair, favours apoptosis of damaged cells relying on ISC plasticity. Liver with low renewal rates depends more on repair pathways specifically protecting the transcribed compartment of the genome to promote sustained functionality and cell preservation. As shown before, the hematopoietic system with intermediate self-renewal mainly invokes replication-linked mechanisms, apoptosis and senescence. Hence, organs employ different genome maintenance strategies, explaining heterogeneity in organ ageing and the segmental nature of DNA-repair-deficient progerias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vougioukalaki
- Department Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joris Demmers
- Department Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert P. Vermeij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology Oncode Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Baar
- Center for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Serena Bruens
- Department Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Aristea Magaraki
- Department of Developmental Biology Oncode Institute Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ewart Kuijk
- Division Biomedical Genetics Center for Molecular Medicine and Cancer Genomics Netherlands University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Myrthe Jager
- Department of Genetics Center for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Sarra Merzouk
- Department of Developmental Biology Oncode Institute Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Renata M.C. Brandt
- Department Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Kouwenberg
- Department Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology Oncode Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Division Biomedical Genetics Center for Molecular Medicine and Cancer Genomics Netherlands University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
- Hartwig Medical Foundation Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Joris Pothof
- Department Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers
- Department Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology Oncode Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
- Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD) University Hospital of Cologne Cologne Germany
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Han C, Sun LY, Luo XQ, Pan Q, Sun YM, Zeng ZC, Chen TQ, Huang W, Fang K, Wang WT, Chen YQ. Chromatin-associated orphan snoRNA regulates DNA damage-mediated differentiation via a non-canonical complex. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110421. [PMID: 35354054 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are commonly acknowledged as a class of homogeneous non-coding RNAs that guide ribosomal RNA modifications. However, snoRNAs referred to as orphans have largely unknown functions. Here, we systematically profile chromatin-associated snoRNAs (casnoRNAs) in mammalian cells and identify a subgroup of orphan casnoRNAs responding to DNA damage stress, among which SNORA73 shows the most marked reduction in chromatin enrichment. Downregulated SNORA73 maintains cancer genome stability and differentiation block in hematopoietic malignancy. Mechanistically, casnoRNA the 5' end non-canonical structure of SNORA73 is critical for its function and binding to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). SNORA73 inhibits PARP1 auto-PARylation to affect cancer genome stability by forming a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) with PARP1 and canonical H/ACA proteins DKC1/NHP2. Our findings reveal the role of an orphan snoRNA serving as casnoRNA and highlights a link between non-canonical structure of snoRNA and their functional diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Lin-Yu Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Xue-Qun Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Qi Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Yu-Meng Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Zhan-Cheng Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Tian-Qi Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Wei Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Ke Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China.
| | - Yue-Qin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Alagpulinsa DA, Toribio MP, Alhallak I, Shmookler Reis RJ. Advances in understanding the molecular basis of clonal hematopoiesis. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:360-377. [PMID: 35341686 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are polyfunctional, regenerating all blood cells via hematopoiesis throughout life. Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is said to occur when a substantial proportion of mature blood cells is derived from a single dominant HSC lineage, usually because these HSCs have somatic mutations that confer a fitness and expansion advantage. CH strongly associates with aging and enrichment in some diseases irrespective of age, emerging as an independent causal risk factor for hematologic malignancies, cardiovascular disease, adverse disease outcomes, and all-cause mortality. Defining the molecular mechanisms underlying CH will thus provide a framework to develop interventions for healthy aging and disease treatment. Here, we review the most recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of CH in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Alagpulinsa
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Mabel P Toribio
- Metabolism Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Iad Alhallak
- Metabolism Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Robert J Shmookler Reis
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Abstract
The direct (eg, radiation, microgravity) and indirect (eg, lifestyle perturbations) effects of spaceflight extend across multiple systems resulting in whole-organism cardiovascular deconditioning. For over 50 years, National Aeronautics and Space Administration has continually enhanced a countermeasures program designed to characterize and offset the adverse cardiovascular consequences of spaceflight. In this review, we provide a historical overview of research evaluating the effects of spaceflight on cardiovascular health in astronauts and outline mechanisms underpinning spaceflight-related cardiovascular alterations. We also discuss how spaceflight could be leveraged for aging, industry, and model systems such as human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, organoid, and organ-on-a-chip technologies. Finally, we outline the increasing opportunities for scientists and clinicians to engage in cardiovascular research in space and on Earth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Scott
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (J.M.S.).,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (J.M.S.)
| | | | - Lianne Dolan
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (L.D.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Poisa-Beiro L, Landry JJM, Raffel S, Tanaka M, Zaugg J, Gavin AC, Ho AD. Glucose Metabolism and Aging of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063028. [PMID: 35328449 PMCID: PMC8955027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive proteomics studies of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) have revealed that aging of the HSPC compartment is characterized by elevated glycolysis. This is in addition to deregulations found in murine transcriptomics studies, such as an increased differentiation bias towards the myeloid lineage, alterations in DNA repair, and a decrease in lymphoid development. The increase in glycolytic enzyme activity is caused by the expansion of a more glycolytic HSPC subset. We therefore developed a method to isolate HSPC into three distinct categories according to their glucose uptake (GU) levels, namely the GUhigh, GUinter and GUlow subsets. Single-cell transcriptomics studies showed that the GUhigh subset is highly enriched for HSPC with a differentiation bias towards myeloid lineages. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that the gene sets for cell cycle arrest, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and the anti-apoptosis and P53 pathways are significantly upregulated in the GUhigh population. With this series of studies, we have produced a comprehensive proteomics and single-cell transcriptomics atlas of molecular changes in human HSPC upon aging. Although many of the molecular deregulations are similar to those found in mice, there are significant differences. The most unique finding is the association of elevated central carbon metabolism with senescence. Due to the lack of specific markers, the isolation and collection of senescent cells have yet to be developed, especially for human HSPC. The GUhigh subset from the human HSPC compartment possesses all the transcriptome characteristics of senescence. This property may be exploited to accurately enrich, visualize, and trace senescence development in human bone marrow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Poisa-Beiro
- Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (L.P.-B.); (S.R.)
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit Heidelberg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) & Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.Z.); (A.-C.G.)
| | - Jonathan J. M. Landry
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Simon Raffel
- Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (L.P.-B.); (S.R.)
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Inst, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Judith Zaugg
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit Heidelberg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) & Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.Z.); (A.-C.G.)
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne-Claude Gavin
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit Heidelberg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) & Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.Z.); (A.-C.G.)
- Department for Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Medical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anthony D. Ho
- Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (L.P.-B.); (S.R.)
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit Heidelberg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) & Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.Z.); (A.-C.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Role of senescence in the chronic health consequences of COVID-19. Transl Res 2022; 241:96-108. [PMID: 34695606 PMCID: PMC8532377 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While the full impact of COVID-19 is not yet clear, early studies have indicated that upwards of 10% of patients experience COVID-19 symptoms longer than 3 weeks, known as Long-Hauler's Syndrome or PACS (postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection). There is little known about risk factors or predictors of susceptibility for Long-Hauler's Syndrome, but older adults are at greater risk for severe outcomes and mortality from COVID-19. The pillars of aging (including cellular senescence, telomere dysfunction, impaired proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated nutrient sensing, genomic instability, progenitor cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, and epigenetic alterations) that contribute to age-related dysfunction and chronic diseases (the "Geroscience Hypothesis") may interfere with defenses against viral infection and consequences of these infections. Heightening of the low-grade inflammation that is associated with aging may generate an exaggerated response to an acute COVID-19 infection. Innate immune system dysfunction that leads to decreased senescent cell removal and/or increased senescent cell formation could contribute to accumulation of senescent cells with both aging and viral infections. These processes may contribute to increased risk for long-term COVID-19 sequelae in older or chronically ill patients. Hence, senolytics and other geroscience interventions that may prolong healthspan and alleviate chronic diseases and multimorbidity linked to fundamental aging processes might be an option for delaying, preventing, or alleviating Long-Hauler's Syndrome.
Collapse
Key Words
- ampk, amp-activated protein kinase
- covid-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- covid-fis, a phase 2 placebo-controlled pilot study in covid-19 of fisetin to alleviate dysfunction and excessive inflammatory response in older adults in nursing homes
- cr, caloric restriction
- fga, facility for geroscience analysis
- icu, intensive care unit
- if, intermittent fasting
- ltcf, long-term care facility
- mcc, multiple chronic conditions
- mers-cov, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- mtor, mammalian target of rapamycin
- nad+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- nmn, nicotinamide mononucleotide
- nr, nicotinamide riboside
- pacs, postacute sequalae of sars-cov-2 infection
- pamps, pathogen-associated molecular profile factors
- ros, reactive oxygen species
- sars, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- sars-cov-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1
- sars-cov-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- sasp, senescence-associated secretory phenotype
- snf, skilled nursing facility
- tgn, translational geroscience network
- who, world health organization
Collapse
|
83
|
Little-Letsinger SE, Rubin J, Diekman B, Rubin CT, McGrath C, Pagnotti GM, Klett EL, Styner M. Exercise to Mend Aged-tissue Crosstalk in Bone Targeting Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 123:22-35. [PMID: 34489173 PMCID: PMC8840966 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging induces alterations in bone structure and strength through a multitude of processes, exacerbating common aging- related diseases like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Cellular hallmarks of aging are examined, as related to bone and the marrow microenvironment, and ways in which these might contribute to a variety of age-related perturbations in osteoblasts, osteocytes, marrow adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoclasts, and their respective progenitors. Cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic and intracellular communication changes are central pathways and recognized as associated and potentially causal in aging. We focus on these in musculoskeletal system and highlight knowledge gaps in the literature regarding cellular and tissue crosstalk in bone, cartilage, and the bone marrow niche. While senolytics have been utilized to target aging pathways, here we propose non-pharmacologic, exercise-based interventions as prospective "senolytics" against aging effects on the skeleton. Increased bone mass and delayed onset or progression of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are some of the recognized benefits of regular exercise across the lifespan. Further investigation is needed to delineate how cellular indicators of aging manifest in bone and the marrow niche and how altered cellular and tissue crosstalk impact disease progression, as well as consideration of exercise as a therapeutic modality, as a means to enhance discovery of bone-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SE Little-Letsinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - J Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - B Diekman
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Joint Departments of Biomedical Engineering NC State & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - CT Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook
| | - C McGrath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - GM Pagnotti
- Dept of Endocrine, Neoplasia, and Hormonal Disorders, University Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - EL Klett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - M Styner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Wei Y, Yang L, Pandeya A, Cui J, Zhang Y, Li Z. Pyroptosis-Induced Inflammation and Tissue Damage. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167301. [PMID: 34653436 PMCID: PMC8844146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell deaths are pathways involving cells playing an active role in their own destruction. Depending on the signaling system of the process, programmed cell death can be divided into two categories, pro-inflammatory and non-inflammatory. Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Upon cell death, a plethora of cytokines are released and trigger a cascade of responses from the neighboring cells. The pyroptosis process is a double-edged sword, could be both beneficial and detrimental in various inflammatory disorders and disease conditions. A physiological outcome of these responses is tissue damage, and sometimes death of the host. In this review, we focus on the inflammatory response triggered by pyroptosis, and resulting tissue damage in selected organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ankit Pandeya
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou,China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Ren J, Wang X, Dong C, Wang G, Zhang W, Cai C, Qian M, Yang D, Ling B, Ning K, Mao Z, Liu B, Wang T, Xiong L, Wang W, Liang A, Gao Z, Xu J. Sirt1 protects subventricular zone derived neural stem cells from DNA double strand breaks and contributes to olfactory function maintenance in aging mice. Stem Cells 2022; 40:493-507. [PMID: 35349711 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
DNA damage is assumed to accumulate in stem cells over time and their ability to withstand this damage and maintain tissue homeostasis is a key determinant of aging. Nonetheless, relatively few studies have investigated whether DNA damage does indeed accumulate in stem cells and whether this contributes to stem cell aging and functional decline. Here, we found that, compared with young mice, DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are reduced in subventricular zone (SVZ)-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) of aged mice, which was achieved partly through the adaptive upregulation of Sirt1 expression and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated DNA repair. Sirt1 deficiency abolished this effect, leading to stem cell exhaustion, olfactory memory decline, and accelerated aging. The reduced DSBs and the upregulation of Sirt1 expression in SVZ-derived NSCs with age may represent a compensatory mechanism that evolved to protect stem cells from excessive DNA damage, as well as mitigate memory loss and other stresses during aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Xianli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Cai
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Minxian Qian
- Medical Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Danjing Yang
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Ling
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University (The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Ning
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Medical Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Tinghua Wang
- Animal Center of Zoology, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuliu Xiong
- Animal Center of Zoology, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengliang Gao
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Rocheteau P, Warot G, Chapellier M, Zampaolo M, Chretien F, Piquemal F. Cryopreserved Stem Cells Incur Damages Due To Terrestrial Cosmic Rays Impairing Their Integrity Upon Long-Term Storage. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897211070239. [PMID: 35170351 PMCID: PMC8855380 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211070239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have the capacity to ensure the renewal of tissues and organs. They
could be used in the future for a wide range of therapeutic purposes and are
preserved at liquid nitrogen temperature to prevent any chemical or biological
activity up to several decades before their use. We show that the cryogenized
cells accumulate damages coming from natural radiations, potentially inducing
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Such DNA damage in stem cells could lead to
either mortality of the cells upon thawing or a mutation diminishing the
therapeutic potential of the treatment. Many studies show how stem cells react
to different levels of radiation; the effect of terrestrial cosmic rays being
key, it is thus also important to investigate the effect of the natural
radiation on the cryopreserved stem cell behavior over time. Our study showed
that the cryostored stem cells totally shielded from cosmic rays had less DSBs
upon long-term storage. This could have important implications on the long-term
cryostorage strategy and quality control of different cell banks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Rocheteau
- Human Histopathology and Animal Models, Department of Infection & Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - G Warot
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Corpusculaire, UMR 5821, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology (Institute of Engineering University Grenoble Alpes), LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - M Chapellier
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Corpusculaire, UMR 5821, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology (Institute of Engineering University Grenoble Alpes), LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - M Zampaolo
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Corpusculaire, UMR 5821, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology (Institute of Engineering University Grenoble Alpes), LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - F Chretien
- Human Histopathology and Animal Models, Department of Infection & Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - F Piquemal
- Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université de Bordeaux, Gradignan, France
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Grasselli C, Bombelli S, Eriani S, Domenici G, Galluccio R, Tropeano C, De Marco S, Bolognesi MM, Torsello B, Bianchi C, Antolini L, Rossi F, Mazzola P, Leoni V, Bellelli G, Perego RA. DNA damage in circulating hematopoietic progenitor stem cells as promising biological sensor of frailty. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1279-1286. [PMID: 35137086 PMCID: PMC9255693 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is an age-related syndrome that exposes individuals to increased vulnerability. Although it is potentially reversible, in most cases it leads to negative outcomes, including mortality. The different methods proposed identify frailty after the onset of clinical manifestations. An early diagnosis might make it possible to manage the frailty progression better. The frailty pathophysiology is still unclear although mechanisms, in particular, those linked to inflammation and immunosenescence, have been investigated. A common feature of several clinical aspects involved in senescent organisms is the increase of oxidative stress, described as one of the major causes of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage accumulation in aged cells including the adult stem cell compartment. Likely, this accumulation is implicated in frailty status. The oxidative status of our frail, pre-frail, and non-frail population was characterized. In addition, the DNA damage in hematopoietic cells was evidenced by analyzing the peripheral blood mononuclear cell and their T lymphocyte, monocyte, circulating hematopoietic progenitor stem cell (cHPSC) subpopulations. The phosphorylation of C-terminal of histone H2AX at amino acid Ser 139 (γ-H2AX), which occurs at the DNA double-strand break focus, was evaluated. In our frail population, increased oxidative stress and a high level of DNA damage in cHPSC were found. This study may have potential implications because the increment of DNA damage in cHPSC could be suggestive of an organism impairment preceding the evident frailty. In addition, it may open the possibility for attenuation of frailty progression throughout specific drugs acting on preventing DNA damage or removing damaged cells
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Grasselli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Bombelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefano Eriani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giulia Domenici
- Acute Geriatric Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Riccardo Galluccio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Acute Geriatric Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Tropeano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospital of Desio, ASST-Brianza, Desio, Italy
| | - Sofia De Marco
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Torsello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Bianchi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Antolini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Fabio Rossi
- Immunotransfusional Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Mazzola
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Acute Geriatric Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Valerio Leoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospital of Desio, ASST-Brianza, Desio, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bellelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Acute Geriatric Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto A Perego
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Liu RF, Hu L, Wu JN, Wang JX, Wang XY, Liu ZY, Zhao QD, Li WJ, Song XD, Xiao JH. Changes in tumor suppressors and inflammatory responses during hydrogen peroxide-induced senescence in rat fibroblasts. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:77-89. [PMID: 35109720 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2022.2037582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cell proliferation and senescence are processes induced by oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to establish a cellular model of rapid proliferation and senescence of rat tail-tip fibroblasts by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2), a well-known oxidant. On this basis, changes in oxidative stress, inflammatory response and cell cycle of fibroblasts were studied. After H2O2 treatment, cell counting and flow cytometry results showed that 50μM of H2O2 for 12h and 100μM for 8h effectively promoted fibroblast proliferation, while 500μM rapidly led to cell cycle arrest. In addition, stimulation with H2O2 at a concentration of 50μM also promoted the inflammatory effects of the cells. At a concentration of 100μM H2O2, the cellular antioxidant system began to collapse at 8h and began to affect cellular activity. 500μM of H2O2 at 4h the levels of senescence-associated β-galactosidase, a marker of senescence and oxidative stress, were almost positive in fibroblasts. In addition, we found that the risk of fibroblasts carcinogenesis increased with increased H2O2 stimulation. The results of this study indicate that H2O2 can cause rapid proliferation and senescence of fibroblasts and that its mechanism of action may be mainly through influencing cellular antioxidant systems, cellular inflammatory responses and cell cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lan- Hu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jun-Nan Wu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qi-Da Zhao
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xu-Dong Song
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jian-Hua Xiao
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Hematopoiesis, Inflammation and Aging-The Biological Background and Clinical Impact of Anemia and Increased C-Reactive Protein Levels on Elderly Individuals. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030706. [PMID: 35160156 PMCID: PMC8836692 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia and systemic signs of inflammation are common in elderly individuals and are associated with decreased survival. The common biological context for these two states is then the hallmarks of aging, i.e., genomic instability, telomere shortening, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communication. Such aging-associated alterations of hematopoietic stem cells are probably caused by complex mechanisms and depend on both the aging of hematopoietic (stem) cells and on the supporting stromal cells. The function of inflammatory or immunocompetent cells is also altered by aging. The intracellular signaling initiated by soluble proinflammatory mediators (e.g., IL1, IL6 and TNFα) is altered during aging and contributes to the development of both the inhibition of erythropoiesis with anemia as well as to the development of the acute-phase reaction as a systemic sign of inflammation with increased CRP levels. Both anemia and increased CRP levels are associated with decreased overall survival and increased cardiovascular mortality. The handling of elderly patients with inflammation and/or anemia should in our opinion be individualized; all of them should have a limited evaluation with regard to the cause of the abnormalities, but the extent of additional and especially invasive diagnostic evaluation should be based on an overall clinical evaluation and the possible therapeutic consequences.
Collapse
|
90
|
Wang X, Shelton SD, Bordieanu B, Frank AR, Yi Y, Venigalla SSK, Gu Z, Lenser NP, Glogauer M, Chandel NS, Zhao H, Zhao Z, McFadden DG, Mishra P. Scinderin promotes fusion of electron transport chain dysfunctional muscle stem cells with myofibers. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:155-169. [PMID: 35342888 PMCID: PMC8954567 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) experience age-associated declines in number and function, accompanied by mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). The source of these changes, and how MuSCs respond to mitochondrial dysfunction, is unknown. We report here that in response to mitochondrial ROS, murine MuSCs directly fuse with neighboring myofibers; this phenomenon removes ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs from the stem cell compartment. MuSC-myofiber fusion is dependent on the induction of Scinderin, which promotes formation of actin-dependent protrusions required for membrane fusion. During aging, we find that the declining MuSC population accumulates mutations in the mitochondrial genome, but selects against dysfunctional variants. In the absence of clearance by Scinderin, the decline in MuSC numbers during aging is repressed; however, ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs are retained and can regenerate dysfunctional myofibers. We propose a model in which ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs are removed from the stem cell compartment by fusing with differentiated tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Spencer D Shelton
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bogdan Bordieanu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Present Address: Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Anderson R Frank
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Yating Yi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
- Present address: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041 China
| | - Siva Sai Krishna Venigalla
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nicholas P Lenser
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Present address: Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
- Present address: The Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - David G McFadden
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Zhang T, Zhou H, Wang K, Wang X, Wang M, Zhao W, Xi X, Li Y, Cai M, Zhao W, Xu Y, Shao R. Role, molecular mechanism and the potential target of breast cancer stem cells in breast cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112616. [PMID: 35008001 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women globally, and its occurrence has surpassed lung cancer and become the biggest threat for women. At present, breast cancer treatment includes surgical resection or postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, tumor relapse and metastasis usually lead to current therapy failure thanks to breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs)-mediated tumorigenicity and drug resistance. Drug resistance is mainly due to the long-term quiescent G0 phase, strong DNA repairability, and high expression of ABC transporter, and the tumorigenicity is reflected in the activation of various proliferation pathways related to BCSCs. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of BCSCs and their intracellular and extracellular molecular mechanisms is crucial for the development of targeted drugs for BCSCs. To this end, we discussed the latest developments in BCSCs research, focusing on the analysis of specific markers, critical signaling pathways that maintain the stemness of BCSCs,such as NOTCH, Wnt/β-catenin, STAT3, Hedgehog, and Hippo-YAP signaling, immunomicroenviroment and summarizes targeting therapy strategies for stemness maintenance and differentiation, which provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of treating breast cancer and preventing relapse derived from BCSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mengyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoming Xi
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meilian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wuli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yanni Xu
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Rongguang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Abstract
Vascular senescence plays a vital role in cardiovascular diseases and it is closely related to cellular senescence. At the molecular level, aging begins with a single cell, and it is characterized by telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, epigenetic changes, and so on. Epigenetics is an independent discipline that modifies DNA activity without altering the DNA sequence. The application of epigenetics helps to alleviate the occurrence of human diseases, inhibit senescence, and even inhibit tumor occurrence. Epigenetics mainly includes the modification of DNA, histone, and noncoding RNA. Herein, the application of epigenetics in vascular senescence and aging has been reviewed to provide the prospects and innovative inspirations for future research.
Collapse
|
93
|
Uslu M, Kocabaş F. Development of a novel and synthetic HematoMiR technology that broadly modulates quiescence of stem cells and enhances HSC expansion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:68. [PMID: 34971431 PMCID: PMC11072120 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) transplantation is the primary therapeutic modality used to treat hematopoietic disorders. It centers on the capability of a small quantity of HSCs to repopulate whole blood lineages. Along with limited availability of suitable donors, the need for sufficient number of donor HSCs is still challenging in clinical relevance. This has been addressed by ex vivo HSC expansion albeit with partial success, and thus development of an alternative strategy that could improve HSC expansion is required. To that end, we aimed to build HematoMiR, an oligo-based technology that broadly targets HSC quiescence factors. Here, we show that HematoMiRs and their combinations targeting over 50 factors involved in HSC quiescence could induce robust ex vivo murine and human HSC expansion. In particular, HematoMiR-5 treatment enhanced cell cycle through down-regulation of negative cell cycle regulators in HSCs. HematoMiR-5 treated HSPCs had reduced DNA damage during the course of ex vivo expansion. Moreover, HematoMiR-5 treatment led to sustained HSC self-renewal ability and a low apoptosis rate. In addition, HematoMiR-5 expanded HSCs demonstrated successful engraftment and repopulation capacity in the recipient animals. Furthermore, combinatorial treatments of HematoMiR-2 and 5 allowed vigorous ex vivo HSC expansion. These findings demonstrate that novel and synthetic HematoMiR technology is feasible for HSC ex vivo expansion through the sequence-dependent modulation of numerous HSC quiescence modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Uslu
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kocabaş
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Ageing, Age-Related Cardiovascular Risk and the Beneficial Role of Natural Components Intake. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010183. [PMID: 35008609 PMCID: PMC8745076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing, in a natural way, leads to the gradual worsening of the functional capacity of all systems and, eventually, to death. This process is strongly associated with higher metabolic and oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, accumulation of DNA mutations and increased levels of related damage. Detrimental changes that accumulate in body cells and tissues with time raise the vulnerability to environmental challenges and enhance the risk of major chronic diseases and mortality. There are several theses concerning the mechanisms of ageing: genetic, free radical telomerase, mitochondrial decline, metabolic damage, cellular senescence, neuroendocrine theory, Hay-flick limit and membrane theories, cellular death as well as the accumulation of toxic and non-toxic garbage. Moreover, ageing is associated with structural changes within the myocardium, cardiac conduction system, the endocardium as well as the vasculature. With time, the cardiac structures lose elasticity, and fibrotic changes occur in the heart valves. Ageing is also associated with a higher risk of atherosclerosis. The results of studies suggest that some natural compounds may slow down this process and protect against age-related diseases. Animal studies imply that some of them may prolong the lifespan; however, this trend is not so obvious in humans.
Collapse
|
95
|
Dong C, Wang X, Sun L, Zhu L, Yang D, Gao S, Zhang W, Ling B, Liang A, Gao Z, Xu J. ATM modulates subventricular zone neural stem cell maintenance and senescence through Notch signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res 2021; 58:102618. [PMID: 34915311 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) plays an essential role in DNA damage response and the maintenance of genomic stability. However, the role of ATM in regulating the function of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) remains unclear. Here we report that ATM deficiency led to accumulated DNA damage and decreased DNA damage repair capacity in neural progenitor cells. Moreover, we observed ATM ablation lead to the short-term increase of proliferation of neural progenitor cells, resulting in the depletion of the NSC pool over time, and this loss of NSC quiescence resulted in accelerated cell senescence. We further apply RNA sequencing to unravel that ATM knockout significantly affected Notch signaling pathway, furthermore, notch activation inhibit the abnormal increased proliferation of ATM-/- NSCs. Taken together, these findings indicate that ATM can serve as a key regulator for the normal function of adult NSCs by maintaining their stemness and preventing cellular senescence primarily through Notch signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xianli Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Danjing Yang
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shane Gao
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Bin Ling
- The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| | - Zhengliang Gao
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Wang Y, Sui Y, Lian A, Han X, Liu F, Zuo K, Liu M, Sun W, Wang Z, Liu Z, Zou F, Lu R, Jin M, Du H, Xu K, Liu X, Liu J. PBX1 Attenuates Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence and Apoptosis by Alleviating Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated DNA Damage Instead of Enhancing DNA Damage Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:739868. [PMID: 34869323 PMCID: PMC8634257 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.739868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues and organs undergo structural deterioration and functional decline during aging. DNA damage is considered a major cause of stem cell senescence. Although stem cells develop sophisticated DNA repair systems, when the intrinsic and extrinsic insults exceed the DNA repair capacity, cellular senescence, and age-related diseases inevitably occur. Therefore, the prevention and alleviation of DNA damage is an alternative to DNA repair in attenuating stem cell senescence and preventing age-related diseases. Pre-B-cell leukaemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) participates in maintaining the pluripotency of human embryonic and haematopoietic stem cells. Our recent studies showed that PBX1 promotes hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cell (HF-MSC) proliferation, decreases cellular senescence and apoptosis, and enhances induced pluripotent stem cell generation. Whether PBX1 attenuates HF-MSC senescence and apoptosis by alleviating DNA damage or by enhancing DNA repair remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of PBX1 on the intrinsic ROS or extrinsic H2O2-induced cellular senescence of HF-MSCs. To this end, we generated HF-MSCs overexpressing either PBX1, or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, or both. Our results showed that PBX1 overexpression attenuates HF-MSC senescence and apoptosis by alleviating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage instead of enhancing DNA repair. This is the first study to report that PBX1 attenuates stem cell senescence and apoptosis by alleviating DNA damage. It provides new insight into the mechanism of stem cell senescence and lays the foundation for the development of strategies for age-related disease prevention and treatment, and in particular, hair follicle repair and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yutong Sui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aobo Lian
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xing Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feilin Liu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Kuiyang Zuo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zinan Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rifeng Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minghua Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiying Du
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kan Xu
- Department of Neurovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Rothman N, Vermeulen R, Zhang L, Hu W, Yin S, Rappaport SM, Smith MT, Jones DP, Rahman M, Lan Q, Walker DI. Metabolome-wide association study of occupational exposure to benzene. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1326-1336. [PMID: 34606590 PMCID: PMC8598381 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene is a recognized hematotoxin and leukemogen; however, its mechanism of action in humans remain unclear. To provide insight into the processes underlying benzene hematotoxicity, we performed high-resolution metabolomic profiling of plasma collected from a cross-sectional study of 33 healthy workers exposed to benzene (median 8-h time-weighted average exposure; 20 ppma), and 25 unexposed controls in Shanghai, China. Metabolic features associated with benzene were identified using a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) that tested for the relationship between feature intensity and benzene exposure. MWAS identified 478 mass spectral features associated with benzene exposure at false discovery rate < 20%. Comparison to a list of 13 known benzene metabolites and metabolites predicted using a multi-component biotransformation algorithm showed five metabolites were detected, which included the known metabolites phenol and benzene diolepoxide. Metabolic pathway enrichment identified 41 pathways associated with benzene exposure, with altered pathways including carnitine shuttle, fatty acid metabolism, sulfur amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and branched chain amino acid metabolism. These results suggest disruption to fatty acid uptake, energy metabolism and increased oxidative stress, and point towards pathways related to mitochondrial dysfunction, which has previously been linked to benzene exposure in animal models and human studies. Taken together, these results suggest benzene exposure is associated with disruption of mitochondrial pathways, and provide promising, systems biology biomarkers for risk assessment of benzene-induced hematotoxicity in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Songnian Yin
- Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Stephen M Rappaport
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mohammad Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Gata2 haploinsufficiency promotes proliferation and functional decline of hematopoietic stem cells with myeloid bias during aging. Blood Adv 2021; 5:4285-4290. [PMID: 34496012 PMCID: PMC8945642 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021004726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During aging, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function wanes with important biological and clinical implications for benign and malignant hematology, and other comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating HSC aging remain incompletely defined. GATA2 haploinsufficiency driven clinical syndromes initially result in primary immunodeficiencies and routinely evolve into hematologic malignancies on acquisition of further epigenetic mutations in both young and older patients. Using a conditional mouse model of Gata2 haploinsufficiency, we discover that during aging Gata2 promotes HSC proliferation, monocytosis, and loss of the common lymphoid progenitor. Aging of Gata2 haploinsufficient mice also offsets enhanced HSC apoptosis and decreased granulocyte-macrophage progenitor number normally observed in young Gata2 haploinsufficient mice. Transplantation of elderly Gata2 haploinsufficient HSCs impairs HSC function with evidence of myeloid bias. Our data demonstrate that Gata2 regulates HSC aging and suggest the mechanisms by which Gata2 mediated HSC aging has an impact on the evolution of malignancies in GATA2 haploinsufficiency syndromes.
Collapse
|
99
|
Graniel JV, Bisht K, Friedman A, White J, Perkey E, Vanderbeck A, Moroz A, Carrington LJ, Brandstadter JD, Allen F, Shami AN, Thomas P, Crayton A, Manzor M, Mychalowych A, Chase J, Hammoud SS, Keegan CE, Maillard I, Nandakumar J. Differential impact of a dyskeratosis congenita mutation in TPP1 on mouse hematopoiesis and germline. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 5:5/1/e202101208. [PMID: 34645668 PMCID: PMC8548261 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A TPP1 mutation known to cause telomere shortening and bone marrow failure in humans recapitulates telomere loss but results in severe germline defects in mice without impacting murine hematopoiesis. Telomerase extends chromosome ends in somatic and germline stem cells to ensure continued proliferation. Mutations in genes critical for telomerase function result in telomeropathies such as dyskeratosis congenita, frequently resulting in spontaneous bone marrow failure. A dyskeratosis congenita mutation in TPP1 (K170∆) that specifically compromises telomerase recruitment to telomeres is a valuable tool to evaluate telomerase-dependent telomere length maintenance in mice. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate a mouse knocked in for the equivalent of the TPP1 K170∆ mutation (TPP1 K82∆) and investigated both its hematopoietic and germline compartments in unprecedented detail. TPP1 K82∆ caused progressive telomere erosion with increasing generation number but did not induce steady-state hematopoietic defects. Strikingly, K82∆ caused mouse infertility, consistent with gross morphological defects in the testis and sperm, the appearance of dysfunctional seminiferous tubules, and a decrease in germ cells. Intriguingly, both TPP1 K82∆ mice and previously characterized telomerase knockout mice show no spontaneous bone marrow failure but rather succumb to infertility at steady-state. We speculate that telomere length maintenance contributes differently to the evolutionary fitness of humans and mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline V Graniel
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kamlesh Bisht
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Oncology Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ann Friedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James White
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Perkey
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashley Vanderbeck
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alina Moroz
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Léolène J Carrington
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua D Brandstadter
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frederick Allen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adrienne Niederriter Shami
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peedikayil Thomas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Aniela Crayton
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mariel Manzor
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Chase
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Saher S Hammoud
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Catherine E Keegan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ivan Maillard
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jayakrishnan Nandakumar
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
PER2: a potential molecular marker for hematological malignancies. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7587-7595. [PMID: 34642831 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06751-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm is a periodic change of organism according to the law of external environment, which is manifested in metabolism, cell proliferation, physiology and behavior. In recent years, the role of circadian genes in the occurrence and progression of hematological malignancies have been continuously demonstrated. PER2 is the core component of the circadian rhythm playing an important role in regulating the circadian rhythm of the biological clock. This review summarizes the research progress of PER2 in hematological malignancies, especially leukemia, in order to better understand its role in hematological malignancies, and provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
|