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Kleuter M, Yu Y, Pancaldi F, Nagtzaam M, van der Goot AJ, Trindade LM. Cell wall as a barrier for protein extraction from tomato leaves: A biochemical study. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108495. [PMID: 38452451 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) leaves and stems are considered waste. Valorization of this waste can be achieved by for example the extraction of proteins. This prospect is promising but currently not feasible, since protein extraction yields from tomato leaves are low, amongst other due to the (physical) barrier formed by the plant cell walls. However, the molecular aspects of the relationship between cell wall properties and protein extractability from tomato leaves are currently not clear and thus objective of this study. To fill this knowledge gap the biochemical composition of plant cell walls was measured and related to protein extraction yields at different plant ages, leaf positions, and across different tomato accessions, including two Solanum lycopersicum cultivars and the wildtype species S. pimpinellifolium and S. pennellii. For all genotypes, protein extraction yields from tomato leaves were the highest in young tissues, with a decreasing trend towards older plant material. This decrease of protein extraction yield was accompanied by a significant increase of arabinose and galacturonic acid content and a decrease of galactose content in the cell walls of old-vs-young tissues. This resulted in strong negative correlations between protein extraction yield and the content of arabinose and galacturonic acid in the cell wall, and a positive correlation between the content of galactose and protein extraction yield. Overall, these results point to the importance of the pectin network on protein extractability, making pectin a potential breeding target for enhancing protein extractability from tomato leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marietheres Kleuter
- Department of Plant Sciences, Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Yafei Yu
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Francesco Pancaldi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mayra Nagtzaam
- Department of Plant Sciences, Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Atze Jan van der Goot
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Luisa M Trindade
- Department of Plant Sciences, Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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52
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Cheng HN, Asakura T, Suganuma K, Lagaron JM, Melendez-Rodriguez B, Biswas A. NMR Analyses and Statistical Modeling of Biobased Polymer Microstructures-A Selected Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:620. [PMID: 38475303 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
NMR analysis combined with statistical modeling offers a useful approach to investigate the microstructures of polymers. This article provides a selective review of the developments in both the NMR analysis of biobased polymers and the statistical models that can be used to characterize these materials. The information obtained from NMR and statistical models can provide insights into the microstructure and stereochemistry of appropriate biobased polymers and establish a systematic approach to their analysis. In suitable cases, the analysis can help optimize the synthetic procedures and facilitate the development of new or modified polymeric materials for various applications. Examples are given of the studies of poly(hydroxyalkanoates), poly(lactic acid), and selected polysaccharides, e.g., alginate, pectin, and chitosan. This article may serve as both a reference and a guide for future workers interested in the NMR sequence analysis of biobased materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai N Cheng
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Koto Suganuma
- Material Analysis Research Center, Teijin Ltd., Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan
| | - Jose M Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, IATA, CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Melendez-Rodriguez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, IATA, CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Atanu Biswas
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
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Zeng D, Ford B, Doležel J, Karafiátová M, Hayden MJ, Rathjen TM, George TS, Brown LK, Ryan PR, Pettolino FA, Mathesius U, Delhaize E. A conditional mutation in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) gene regulating root morphology. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:48. [PMID: 38345612 PMCID: PMC10861616 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Characterisation and genetic mapping of a key gene defining root morphology in bread wheat. Root morphology is central to plants for the efficient uptake up of soil water and mineral nutrients. Here we describe a conditional mutant of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that when grown in soil with high Ca2+ develops a larger rhizosheath accompanied with shorter roots than the wild type. In wheat, rhizosheath size is a reliable surrogate for root hair length and this was verified in the mutant which possessed longer root hairs than the wild type when grown in high Ca2+ soil. We named the mutant Stumpy and showed it to be due to a single semi-dominant mutation. The short root phenotype at high Ca2+ was due to reduced cellular elongation which might also explain the long root hair phenotype. Analysis of root cell walls showed that the polysaccharide composition of Stumpy roots is remodelled when grown at non-permissive (high) Ca2+ concentrations. The mutation mapped to chromosome 7B and sequencing of the 7B chromosomes in both wild type and Stumpy identified a candidate gene underlying the Stumpy mutation. As part of the process to determine whether the candidate gene was causative, we identified wheat lines in a Cadenza TILLING population with large rhizosheaths but accompanied with normal root length. This finding illustrates the potential of manipulating the gene to disconnect root length from root hair length as a means of developing wheat lines with improved efficiency of nutrient and water uptake. The Stumpy mutant will be valuable for understanding the mechanisms that regulate root morphology in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deying Zeng
- Department of Biological Science, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610101, China
| | - Brett Ford
- Grains Research and Development Corporation, Barton, ACT, 2600, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Karafiátová
- Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mathew J Hayden
- Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Tina M Rathjen
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | | | - Lawrie K Brown
- James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | | | - Ulrike Mathesius
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Delhaize
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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Xu G, Qin M, Yu M, Liu T, Guo Y, Wang K, Mu L, Wang S, Ma Q. Structural characterization of a polysaccharide derived from Saposhnikovia divaricatee (Turcz.) Schischk with anti-allergic and antioxidant activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117425. [PMID: 37984545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saposhnikoviae Radix, the dry root of Saposhnikovia divaricatee (Turcz.) Schischk, is a traditional chinese medicine used for the treatment of cold, headache, and skin pruritus. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to identify novel active polysaccharides from Saposhnikovia divaricatee (Turcz.) Schischk and clarify their structures and bioactivities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The structure of polysaccharides was clarified by PMP-HPLC, methylation analysis, particle acid hydrolysis analysis and NMR analysis. The anti-allergic and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides were evaluated on allergic reaction model in RBL-2H3 cells and oxidative damage model of C. elegans. RESULTS We purified a novel homogenous polysaccharide named SP-3 from Saposhnikovia divaricatee (Turcz.) Schischk and its molecular weight was determined as 3.096 × 104 Da. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that SP-3 was composed of mannose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose (1.85: 5.22: 38.06: 2.36: 23.25: 29.26). The main linkage type of SP-3 was a repeat unit of →4,6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → . The branches of SP-3 contained T-linked-α-L-Araf and 1,3,4-linked-α-L-Rhap. It was observed that SP-3 inhibited β-HEX release and inflammatory factors in RBL-2H3 cells subject to IgE stimulant. Meanwhile, SP-3 increased the mean lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans under oxidative stress, reduced ROS content and increased antioxidant enzyme activities of C. elegans, potentially through activating the SOD-3. CONCLUSIONS A novel homogenous polysaccharide was identified from Saposhnikovia divaricatee (Turcz.) Schischk, and this polysaccharide SP-3 played key roles for the anti-allergic and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Xu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Ming Qin
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Mengqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Tian Liu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Kaihe Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Leixin Mu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Qun Ma
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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Bich Thi Le H, Ho DV, Minh Nguyen H, Tran VAT, Nguyen HT. Aspidiatas C and D, two new spirostanol saponins from Aspidistra triradiata and their cytotoxic activities. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:829-837. [PMID: 37125812 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2204432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Aspidiatas C and D (1 and 2), two new spirostanol saponins, were isolated along with two known compounds, (25 R*)-spirost-5-en-3β-yl α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (25 R*)-spirost-5-en-3β-yl α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) from the whole plant of Aspidistra triradiata collected in Vietnam. The chemical structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D- and 2D-NMR analysis, and comparison with published data. Compound 3 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against MCF7, HepG2, SK-LU-1, and HT-29 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.19 to 0.65 µM. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 displayed moderate cytotoxic effects with IC50 values ranging from 12.32 to 82.27 µM. Compounds 1-4 were isolated from the genus Aspidistra for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Bich Thi Le
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
| | - Duc Viet Ho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Hien Minh Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Anh Thi Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
| | - Hoai Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
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56
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Fu YP, Li CY, Zou YF, Peng X, Paulsen BS, Wangensteen H, Inngjerdingen KT. Bioactive polysaccharides in different plant parts of Aconitum carmichaelii. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:746-758. [PMID: 37670420 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aconitum carmichaelii is an industrially cultivated medicinal plant in China and its lateral and mother roots are used in traditional Chinese medicine due to the presence of alkaloids. However, the rootlets and aerial parts are discarded after collection of the roots, and the non-toxic polysaccharides in this plant have attracted less attention than the alkaloids and poisonous features. In this study, five neutral and 14 acidic polysaccharide fractions were isolated systematically from different plant parts of A. carmichaelii, and their structural features and bioactivity were studied and compared. RESULTS The neutral fraction isolated from the rootlets differed from those isolated from the lateral and mother roots. It consisted of less starch and more possible mannans, galactans, and/or xyloglucans, being similar to those of the aerial parts. Pectic polysaccharides containing homogalacturonan and branched type-I rhamnogalacturonan (RG-I) were present in all plant parts of A. carmichaelii. However, more arabinogalactan (AG)-II side chains in the RG-I backbone were present in the aerial parts of the plants, while more amounts of arabinans were found in the roots. Various immunomodulatory effects were observed, determined by complement fixation activity and anti-inflammatory effects on the intestinal epithelial cells of all polysaccharide fractions. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the diversity of polysaccharides present in A. carmichaelii, especially in the unutilized plant parts, and showed their potential medicinal value. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Fu
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cen-Yu Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Peng
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Berit Smestad Paulsen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helle Wangensteen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Butt HS, Ulriksen ES, Rise F, Wangensteen H, Duus JØ, Inngjerdingen M, Inngjerdingen KT. Structural elucidation of novel pro-inflammatory polysaccharides from Daphne mezereum L. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121554. [PMID: 37985118 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Daphne mezereum L., an important medicinal plant in Scandinavian folk medicine, was used to treat ailments such as diarrhea, swelling and stomach pain. A range of natural compounds have been isolated, but little attention has been given to the polysaccharides in this plant. Previous work in our group have shown that a polysaccharide enriched fraction from the bark of D. mezereum exhibited pro-inflammatory effects. To pursue this further, the aim of the present work was to isolate and characterize these polysaccharides. From the ethanol-precipitate of a water extract, one neutral (DMP-NF) and one acidic (DMP-AF) fraction was isolated by anion-exchange chromatography. GC, GC-MS and 1D- and 2D-NMR were used to characterize the polysaccharide structures. DMP-NF appeared to be a mixture of arabinan, arabinogalactan and hemicelluloses such as xyloglucan, mannan and xylan. DMP-AF contained a pectic polysaccharide mainly consisting of an unusually long homogalacturonan backbone. Enzymatic treatment by pectinase of DMP-AF yielded DMP-ED, which contained a rhamnogalacturonan-I backbone with arabinan, galactan and arabinogalactan side chains. Both DMP-NF and DMP-ED induced IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), DMP-ED being the most potent fraction. DMP-AF was less active, which might be due to a less sterically available rhamnogalacturonan-I domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Shakeel Butt
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Emilie Steinbakk Ulriksen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1057, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Rise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Helle Wangensteen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens Øllgaard Duus
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marit Inngjerdingen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1057, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Yuan S, Zhang M, Yao Z, Liu J, Li X, Zhang Z, Li D. Isolation, structural characterization, and bioactivities of neutral polysaccharides from Zizania latifolia. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127679. [PMID: 37890741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The swollen culm (also known as Jiaobai) of Zizania latifolia is formed by the smut Ustilago esculenta invades the Z. latifolia. The new tissue formed due to the symbiotic relationship has entices the attention of researchers to study its polysaccharide structure along with biological evaluation. Five fractions of polysaccharides were obtained owing to hot water extraction, alcoholic precipitation, and chromatographic purification. Bioactivity assays showed that ZLPs have good antioxidant, hypoglycemic activities and protective activity against oxidative damage. The ZLP-1 and ZLP-2 were determined to be neutral polysaccharides with high purity, exhibiting propitious bioactivity, consequently they were subjected to indispensable structural characterization. These results showed that ZLP-1 has molecular weight (Mw) of 103 kDa and glucose (Glc) (76.68 %) as the primary monosaccharide; the ZLP-2 has Mw of 122 kDa and galactose (Gal) (41.04 %) and arabinose (Ara) (27.12 %). Structural elucidation by methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis suggested ZLP-1 is a glucan, with →3)-β-Glcp-(1→3)-β-Glcp-(1→4)-β-Glcp-(1→4)-β-Glcp-(1→3,6)-β-Galp-(1→3)-β-Glcp-(1→ as the mainchain and the terminal Araf and Glcp; the ZLP-2 is a Galactoxylan, with →3,4)-β-xylp-(1→3)-β-Galp-(1→3,6)-β-Galp-(1→3,6)-β-Galp-(1→ as the mainchain and the terminal Araf and Glcp. The structural arrangements provide a chemical basis for understanding the nutritional and pharmacological activities of polysaccharides from Zizania latifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Pharmacy Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Zhen Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jiangyun Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Duxin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Liang X, Liu M, Wei Y, Tong L, Guo S, Kang H, Zhang W, Yu Z, Zhang F, Duan JA. Structural characteristics and structure-activity relationship of four polysaccharides from Lycii fructus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127256. [PMID: 37802446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
At present, the structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides is a common and important focus in the fields of glycobiology and carbohydrate chemistry. To better understand the effect of specific polysaccharide structures on bioactive orientation, four homogeneous polysaccharides from Lycii fructus, one neutral along with three acidic polysaccharides, were purified, structurally characterized and comparatively evaluated on the antioxidative and anti-aging activities. The GC-MS-based monosaccharide composition analysis and methylation results showed that the LFPs had similar glycosyl types but varied proportions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that LFPs consisted of arabinogalactan, rhamnogalacturonan and homogalacturonan structural domains. The results of the structure-activity relationship indicated that the antioxidative activity was positively correlated with the galacturonic acid (GalA) content, while the neutral multi-branched chains might be responsible for the anti-aging activity. This study is the first time to compare the principal structures and multiple biological activities of LFPs, which provided a reference for the industrial development and deep excavation of the health value of LFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mengqiu Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yan Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Limei Tong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hongjie Kang
- Ningxia Innovation Center of Goji R & D, Yinchuan 750002, PR China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Bairuiyuan Gouqi Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750200, PR China
| | - Zhexiong Yu
- Tianren Ningxia Wolfberry Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhongning 755100, PR China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Nadiminti PP, Wilson SM, van de Meene A, Hao A, Humphries J, Ratcliffe J, Yi C, Peirats-Llobet M, Lewsey MG, Whelan J, Bacic A, Doblin MS. Spatiotemporal deposition of cell wall polysaccharides in oat endosperm during grain development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:168-189. [PMID: 37862163 PMCID: PMC10756759 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal crop whose grains are rich in (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan or MLG), a soluble dietary fiber. In our study, we analyzed oat endosperm development in 2 Canadian varieties with differing MLG content and nutritional value. We confirmed that oat undergoes a nuclear type of endosperm development but with a shorter cellularization phase than barley (Hordeum vulgare). Callose and cellulose were the first polysaccharides to be detected in the early anticlinal cell walls at 11 days postemergence (DPE) of the panicle. Other polysaccharides such as heteromannan and homogalacturonan were deposited early in cellularization around 12 DPE after the first periclinal walls are laid down. In contrast to barley, heteroxylan deposition coincided with completion of cellularization and was detected from 14 DPE but was only detectable after demasking. Notably, MLG was the last polysaccharide to be laid down at 18 DPE within the differentiation phase, rather than during cellularization. In addition, differences in the spatiotemporal patterning of MLG were also observed between the 2 varieties. The lower MLG-containing cultivar AC Morgan (3.5% w/w groats) was marked by the presence of a discontinuous pattern of MLG labeling, while labeling in the same walls in CDC Morrison (5.6% w/w groats) was mostly even and continuous. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed higher transcript levels of multiple MLG biosynthetic cellulose synthase-like F (CSLF) and CSLH genes during grain development in CDC Morrison compared with AC Morgan that likely contributes to the increased abundance of MLG at maturity in CDC Morrison. CDC Morrison was also observed to have smaller endosperm cells with thicker walls than AC Morgan from cellularization onwards, suggesting the processes controlling cell size and shape are established early in development. This study has highlighted that the molecular processes influencing MLG content and deposition are more complex than previously imagined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavani P Nadiminti
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Sarah M Wilson
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Allison van de Meene
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alfie Hao
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - John Humphries
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Julian Ratcliffe
- Latrobe University Bioimaging Platform, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Changyu Yi
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Marta Peirats-Llobet
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Mathew G Lewsey
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Antony Bacic
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Monika S Doblin
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
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Ellefsen CF, Lindstad L, Klau LJ, Aachmann FL, Hiorth M, Samuelsen ABC. Investigation of the structural and immunomodulatory properties of alkali-soluble β-glucans from Pleurotus eryngii fruiting bodies. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 322:121367. [PMID: 37839837 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Fungal β-glucans have received a lot of interest due to their proinflammatory activity towards cells of the innate immune system. Although commonly described as (1➔3)-β-glucans with varying degree of (1➔6)-branching, the fungal β-glucans constitute a diverse polysaccharide class. In this study, the alkali-soluble β-glucans from the edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii were extracted and characterized by GC, GC-MS and 2D NMR analyses. The extracts contain several structurally different polysaccharides, including a (1➔3)-β-d-glucan with single glucose units attached at O-6, and a (1➔6)-β-d-glucan, possibly branched at O-3. The immunomodulatory activities of the P. eryngii extracts were assessed by investigating their ability to bind to the receptor dectin-1, and their ability to induce production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in LPS-differentiated THP-1 cells. Although the samples were able to bind to the dectin-1a receptor, they did not induce production of significant levels of cytokines in the THP-1 cells. Positive controls of yeast-derived (1➔3)-β-d-glucans with branches at O-6 induced cytokine production in the cells. Thus, it appears that the P. eryngii β-glucans are unable to induce production of proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-differentiated THP-1 cells, despite being able to activate the human dectin-1a receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane F Ellefsen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 3, 1068 Blindern, NO-0371 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Linda Lindstad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 3, 1068 Blindern, NO-0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Leesa J Klau
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6/8, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Finn L Aachmann
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6/8, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marianne Hiorth
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 3, 1068 Blindern, NO-0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Berit C Samuelsen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 3, 1068 Blindern, NO-0371 Oslo, Norway
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62
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Patra M, Das D, Dey S, Koschella A, Heinze T. Structural and chemical insights into the prebiotic property of hemicellulosic polysaccharide from Santalum album L. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121291. [PMID: 37739501 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Hemicellulose was extracted by alkali treatment of de-pectinated cell wall material of Santalum album L. (sandalwood) suspension culture cells. The physicochemical properties and prebiotic activities of a purified major fraction of Hemicellulose-B, termed as HB-I, were investigated. GC analysis of hydrolyzed and derivatized HB-I showed the presence of arabinose (~64 %), galactose (~16 %) and glucose (~16 %) as major monosaccharide units along with minor amount of rhamnose. Methylation and NMR studies on the purified polysaccharide revealed the presence of 6-β-d-Glcp, β-d-Galp, 3,5-α-l-Araf, α-l-Araf, 5-α-l-Araf, 2,3-α-l-Araf and, α-l-Rhap residues, from which a proposed structure of repeating units was established. The growth of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. strains L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus was promoted while that of Escherichia coli was suppressed significantly in presence of HB-I. Our results highlight valorization of sandalwood biomass and explore the role of mixed α, β-linked heteroglycan as a potential prebiotic molecule thus indicating the possibility of development of low-cost bioprocesses for production of functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Patra
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Debsankar Das
- Department of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Contai, Purba Medinipur 721404, West Bengal, India.
| | - Satyahari Dey
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Andreas Koschella
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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Chen SQ, Liao Q, Meldrum OW, Guo L, Wang K, Zhang S, Liu Y, Chen X, Zhu J, Li L. Mechanical properties and wound healing potential of bacterial cellulose-xyloglucan-dextran hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121268. [PMID: 37739520 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising material for use as an artificial skin in wound healing application, however, its applications are limited due to its poor malleability. Incorporating non-cellulosic polysaccharides such as dextran and xyloglucan (XG) may enhance its respective wound healing and malleability. This study presents a novel in situ biopreparation method to produce BC-based hybrid hydrogels containing dextran (BC-D) and xyloglucan-dextran (BC-XG-D) with unique mechanical and rheological properties. Structural analysis revealed that dextran of different sizes (10 k, 70 k and 2 M of Mw) form micron-sized particles by loosely binding to cellulosic fibres. The addition of xyloglucan resulted acts as a lubricant in mechanical testing. The BC-XG-D hybrid hydrogels showed a reduced Young's modulus of 4 MPa and a higher maximum tensile strain of 53 % compared to native BC. Moreover, they displayed less plastic but more viscous behaviour under large shear strain deformation. The wound healing animal model experiments demonstrated that the BC-XG-D hybrid hydrogels promoted wound healing process and skin maturation. Overall, these findings contribute to the development of functional BC-based medical materials with desired mechanical and rheological properties that have the potential to accelerate wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qian Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qiudong Liao
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Oliver W Meldrum
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Lei Guo
- The School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Zhu P, Zhong Y, Luo L, Shen J, Sun J, Li L, Cheng L, Gui J. The MPK6-LTF1L1 module regulates lignin biosynthesis in rice through a distinct mechanism from Populus LTF1. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 337:111890. [PMID: 37813192 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a complex polymer that provides structural support and defense to plants. It is synthesized in the secondary cell walls of specialized cells. Through regulates its stability, LTF1 acts as a switch to control lignin biosynthesis in Populus, a dicot plant. However, how lignin biosynthesis is regulated in rice, a monocot plant, remains unclear. By employing genetic, cellular, and chemical approaches, we discovered that LTF1L1, a rice homolog of LTF1, regulates lignin biosynthesis through a distinct mechanism from Populus LTF1. Knockout of LTF1L1 increased lignin synthesis in the sclerenchyma cells of rice stems, while overexpression of LTF1L1 decreased it. LTF1L1 is phosphorylated by OsMPK6 at Ser169, which did not affect its stability but impaired its ability to repress the expression of lignin biosynthesis genes. This was supported by the non-phosphorylated mutant of LTF1L1 (LTF1L1S169A), which displayed a stronger repressive effect on lignin biosynthesis in both rice and Populus. Our findings reveal that LTF1L1 acts as a negative regulator of lignin biosynthesis via a distinct mechanism from that of LTF1 in Populus and highlight the evolutionary diversity in the regulation of lignin biosynthesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Laifu Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junhui Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Longjun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Jinshan Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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65
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Lee ZJ, Xie C, Ng K, Suleria HAR. Unraveling the bioactive interplay: seaweed polysaccharide, polyphenol and their gut modulation effect. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37991467 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2274453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Seaweed is rich in many unique bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and sulfated polysaccharides that are not found in terrestrial plant. The discovery of numerous biological activities from seaweed has made seaweed an attractive functional food source with the potential to be exploited for human health benefits. During food processing and digestion, cell wall polysaccharide and polyphenols commonly interact, and this may influence the nutritional properties of food. Interactions between cell wall polysaccharide and polyphenols in plant-based system has been extensively studied. However, similar interactions in seaweed have received little attention despite the vast disparity between the structural and chemical composition of plant and seaweed cell wall. This poses a challenge in extracting seaweed bioactive compounds with intact biological properties. This review aims to summarize the cell wall polysaccharide and polyphenols present in brown, red and green seaweed, and current knowledge on their potential interactions. Moreover, this review gives an overview of the gut modulation effect of seaweed polysaccharide and polyphenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu Jia Lee
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Cundong Xie
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ken Ng
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Hafiz A R Suleria
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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66
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Alonso Baez L, Bacete L. Cell wall dynamics: novel tools and research questions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6448-6467. [PMID: 37539735 PMCID: PMC10662238 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Years ago, a classic textbook would define plant cell walls based on passive features. For instance, a sort of plant exoskeleton of invariable polysaccharide composition, and probably painted in green. However, currently, this view has been expanded to consider plant cell walls as active, heterogeneous, and dynamic structures with a high degree of complexity. However, what do we mean when we refer to a cell wall as a dynamic structure? How can we investigate the different implications of this dynamism? While the first question has been the subject of several recent publications, defining the ideal strategies and tools needed to address the second question has proven to be challenging due to the myriad of techniques available. In this review, we will describe the capacities of several methodologies to study cell wall composition, structure, and other aspects developed or optimized in recent years. Keeping in mind cell wall dynamism and plasticity, the advantages of performing long-term non-invasive live-imaging methods will be emphasized. We specifically focus on techniques developed for Arabidopsis thaliana primary cell walls, but the techniques could be applied to both secondary cell walls and other plant species. We believe this toolset will help researchers in expanding knowledge of these dynamic/evolving structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alonso Baez
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Laura Bacete
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, Trondheim, 7491, Norway
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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67
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Ma Y, Ratcliffe J, Bacic A, Johnson KL. Promoter and domain structures regulate FLA12 function during Arabidopsis secondary wall development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1275983. [PMID: 38034570 PMCID: PMC10687482 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1275983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan-proteins (FLAs) are a family of multi-domain glycoproteins present at the cell surface and walls of plants. Arabidopsis thaliana FLA12 and homologs in cotton, Populus, and flax have been shown to play important functions regulating secondary cell wall (SCW) development. FLA12 has been shown to have distinct roles from the closely related FLA11 that also functions during SCW development. The promoter and domain features of FLA12 that regulate functional specificity have not been well characterized. Methods In this study, promoter swap experiments of FLA11 and FLA12 were investigated. Mutation of proposed functional regions within FLA12 were used to investigate the role of post-translational modifications on sub-cellular location and trafficking. Domain swap experiments between FLA11 and FLA12 were performed to identify regions of functional specificity. Results Promote swap experiments showed that FLA12 is differentially expressed in both stem and rosette leaves compared to FLA11. Post-translational modifications, in particular addition of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor (GPI-anchor), were shown to be important for FLA12 location at the plasma membrane (PM)/cell wall interface. Domain swap experiments between FLA11 and FLA12 showed that the C-terminal arabinogalactan (AG) glycan motif acts as a key regulatory region differentiating FLA12 functions from FLA11. Discussion Understanding of FLA12 promoter and functional domains has provided new insights into the regulation of SCW development and functional specificity of FLAs for plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Ma
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Julian Ratcliffe
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Antony Bacic
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kim L. Johnson
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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68
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Saffer AM, Baskin TI, Verma A, Stanislas T, Oldenbourg R, Irish VF. Cellulose assembles into helical bundles of uniform handedness in cell walls with abnormal pectin composition. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:855-870. [PMID: 37548081 PMCID: PMC10592269 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells and organs grow into a remarkable diversity of shapes, as directed by cell walls composed primarily of polysaccharides such as cellulose and multiple structurally distinct pectins. The properties of the cell wall that allow for precise control of morphogenesis are distinct from those of the individual polysaccharide components. For example, cellulose, the primary determinant of cell morphology, is a chiral macromolecule that can self-assemble in vitro into larger-scale structures of consistent chirality, and yet most plant cells do not display consistent chirality in their growth. One interesting exception is the Arabidopsis thaliana rhm1 mutant, which has decreased levels of the pectin rhamnogalacturonan-I and causes conical petal epidermal cells to grow with a left-handed helical twist. Here, we show that in rhm1 the cellulose is bundled into large macrofibrils, unlike the evenly distributed microfibrils of the wild type. This cellulose bundling becomes increasingly severe over time, consistent with cellulose being synthesized normally and then self-associating into macrofibrils. We also show that in the wild type, cellulose is oriented transversely, whereas in rhm1 mutants, the cellulose forms right-handed helices that can account for the helical morphology of the petal cells. Our results indicate that when the composition of pectin is altered, cellulose can form cellular-scale chiral structures in vivo, analogous to the helicoids formed in vitro by cellulose nano-crystals. We propose that an important emergent property of the interplay between rhamnogalacturonan-I and cellulose is to permit the assembly of nonbundled cellulose structures, providing plants flexibility to orient cellulose and direct morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Saffer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Tobias I Baskin
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, 611 N. Pleasant St, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Amitabh Verma
- Marine Biological Laboratories, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 02543, USA
| | - Thomas Stanislas
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCBL, INRAE, CNRS, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Rudolf Oldenbourg
- Marine Biological Laboratories, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 02543, USA
| | - Vivian F Irish
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
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69
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Xiao Y, Dong S, Liu YJ, You C, Feng Y, Cui Q. Key roles of β-glucosidase BglA for the catabolism of both laminaribiose and cellobiose in the lignocellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126226. [PMID: 37558019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The thermophilic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum efficiently degrades polysaccharides into oligosaccharides. The metabolism of β-1,4-linked cello-oligosaccharides is initiated by three enzymes, i.e., the cellodextrin phosphorylase (Cdp), the cellobiose phosphorylase (Cbp), and the β-glucosidase A (BglA), in C. thermocellum. In comparison, how the oligosaccharides containing other kinds of linkage are utilized is rarely understood. In this study, we found that BglA could hydrolyze the β-1,3-disaccharide laminaribiose with much higher activity than that against the β-1,4-disaccharide cellobiose. The structural basis of the substrate specificity was analyzed by crystal structure determination and molecular docking. Genetic deletions of BglA and Cbp, respectively, and enzymatic analysis of cell extracts demonstrated that BglA is the key enzyme responsible for laminaribiose metabolism. Furthermore, the deletion of BglA can suppress the expression of Cbp and the deletion of Cbp can up-regulate the expression of BglA, indicating that BglA and Cbp have cross-regulation and BglA is also critical for cellobiose metabolism. These insights pave the way for both a fundamental understanding of metabolism and regulation in C. thermocellum and emphasize the importance of the degradation and utilization of polysaccharides containing β-1,3-linked glycosidic bonds in lignocellulose biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun You
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingang Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiu Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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70
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Bich Thi Le H, Viet Ho D, Minh Nguyen H, Tuan Le A, Tran TVA, Nguyen HT. A new spirostanol steroid and a new spirostanol steroidal saponin from Aspidistra triradiata and their cytotoxic activities. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3595-3604. [PMID: 35788165 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2095635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A new spirostanol steroid, aspidiata A (1), and a new spirostanol steroidal saponin, aspidiata B (2), along with three known compounds, paris saponin VII (3), daucosterol (4), and (25R)-spirostane-1β,2β,3β,4β,5β,6β-hexol (5), were isolated from whole plants of Aspidistra triradiata collected in Vietnam. Their chemical structures were established by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with previously published data. Compound 3 showed strong cytotoxicity against LU-1, Hep-G2, MCF-7, and KB human cancer cell lines with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 0.57 to 1.23 µM. Compound 5 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against the LU-1 cell line, with an IC50 value of 95.81 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Bich Thi Le
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
| | - Duc Viet Ho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Hien Minh Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anh Tuan Le
- Vietnam National Museum of Nature, VAST, Mien Trung Institute for Scientific Research, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Van Anh Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
| | - Hoai Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
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71
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Yao T, Deemer DG, Chen MH, Reuhs BL, Hamaker BR, Lindemann SR. Differences in fine arabinoxylan structures govern microbial selection and competition among human gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121039. [PMID: 37321733 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fibers are known to modulate microbiome composition, but it is unclear to what extent minor fiber structural differences impact community assembly, microbial division of labor, and organismal metabolic responses. To test the hypothesis that fine linkage variations afford different ecological niches for distinct communities and metabolism, we employed a 7-day in vitro sequential batch fecal fermentation with four fecal inocula and measured responses using an integrated multi-omics approach. Two sorghum arabinoxylans (SAXs) were fermented, with one (RSAX) having slightly more complex branch linkages than the other (WSAX). Although there were minor glycoysl linkage differences, consortia on RSAX retained much higher species diversity (42 members) than on WSAX (18-23 members) with distinct species-level genomes and metabolic outcomes (e.g., higher short chain fatty acid production from RSAX and more lactic acid produced from WSAX). The major SAX-selected members were from genera of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium and family Lachnospiraceae. Carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZyme) genes in metagenomes revealed broad AX-related hydrolytic potentials among key members; however, CAZyme genes enriched in different consortia displayed various catabolic domain fusions with diverse accessory motifs that differ among the two SAX types. These results suggest that fine polysaccharide structure exerts deterministic selection effect for distinct fermenting consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Yao
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Dane G Deemer
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ming-Hsu Chen
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Institute of Food Science and Technology of National Taiwan University. No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bradley L Reuhs
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Stephen R Lindemann
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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72
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Liu P, Hu J, Wang Q, Tan J, Wei J, Yang H, Tang S, Huang H, Zou Y, Huang Z. Physicochemical characterization and cosmetic application of kelp blanching water polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125981. [PMID: 37499725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds account for half of global mariculture and have become a key player in bio-based industries. Seaweed process typically starts with hot water blanching that helps reduce postharvest quality deterioration but also generates large amounts of hydrothermal waste. This study aims to explore the feasibility of isolating water-soluble biopolymers from seaweed hydrothermal waste and their potential applications. Using Saccharina japonica (formerly Laminaria japonica) blanching water as example, 2.9 g/L of polymeric substances were efficiently isolated by ultrafiltration, implying biopolymer coproduction potential of ~5.8 kt from blanching wastewater of current kelp industry. Physicochemical characterizations revealed polysaccharidic nature of the biopolymers, with high contents of fucose, uronic acids and sulfate, showing distinct but also overlapping structural features with hot water-extracted kelp polysaccharides. The main fraction of the blanching water polymers after anion exchange chromatography was acidic polysaccharide, the major backbone residues of which were (1-4) linked mannopyranose, (1-4) linked gulopyranose and (1-2) linked fucopyranose while the branched residues were primarily 1,3,4-, 1,2,4- and 1,4,6-linked hexoses but also 1,3,4-fucopyranose. Furthermore, the polysaccharides were found to have a good compatibility in cosmetic creams with added cohesiveness and freshness, demonstrating the application potential of such natural biopolymers from currently underexplored seaweed blanching water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihua Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biocosmetics, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biocosmetics, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biocosmetics, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jianhua Tan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biocosmetics, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou 511447, China
| | - Jian Wei
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biocosmetics, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou 511447, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shuping Tang
- Guangzhou Siyan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongliang Huang
- School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongdong Zou
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Zebo Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biocosmetics, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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73
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Bourdon M, Lyczakowski JJ, Cresswell R, Amsbury S, Vilaplana F, Le Guen MJ, Follain N, Wightman R, Su C, Alatorre-Cobos F, Ritter M, Liszka A, Terrett OM, Yadav SR, Vatén A, Nieminen K, Eswaran G, Alonso-Serra J, Müller KH, Iuga D, Miskolczi PC, Kalmbach L, Otero S, Mähönen AP, Bhalerao R, Bulone V, Mansfield SD, Hill S, Burgert I, Beaugrand J, Benitez-Alfonso Y, Dupree R, Dupree P, Helariutta Y. Ectopic callose deposition into woody biomass modulates the nano-architecture of macrofibrils. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:1530-1546. [PMID: 37666966 PMCID: PMC10505557 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant biomass plays an increasingly important role in the circular bioeconomy, replacing non-renewable fossil resources. Genetic engineering of this lignocellulosic biomass could benefit biorefinery transformation chains by lowering economic and technological barriers to industrial processing. However, previous efforts have mostly targeted the major constituents of woody biomass: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Here we report the engineering of wood structure through the introduction of callose, a polysaccharide novel to most secondary cell walls. Our multiscale analysis of genetically engineered poplar trees shows that callose deposition modulates cell wall porosity, water and lignin contents and increases the lignin-cellulose distance, ultimately resulting in substantially decreased biomass recalcitrance. We provide a model of the wood cell wall nano-architecture engineered to accommodate the hydrated callose inclusions. Ectopic polymer introduction into biomass manifests in new physico-chemical properties and offers new avenues when considering lignocellulose engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Bourdon
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Jan J Lyczakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Sam Amsbury
- Centre for Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Nadège Follain
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, Rouen, France
| | - Raymond Wightman
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chang Su
- Wood Development Group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fulgencio Alatorre-Cobos
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Conacyt-Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Maximilian Ritter
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa Wood Tec, Cellulose and Wood Materials Laboratory, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandra Liszka
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Oliver M Terrett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shri Ram Yadav
- Wood Development Group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anne Vatén
- Wood Development Group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Stomatal Development and Plasticity group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Nieminen
- Wood Development Group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Production systems / Tree Breeding Department, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gugan Eswaran
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juan Alonso-Serra
- Wood Development Group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- UMR 5667 Reproduction et Développement Des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, France
| | - Karin H Müller
- Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Pal Csaba Miskolczi
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lothar Kalmbach
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sofia Otero
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Science and Technology Office of the Congress of Deputies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ari Pekka Mähönen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rishikesh Bhalerao
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Vincent Bulone
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Shawn D Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stefan Hill
- Scion, Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, Rotorua, New Zealand
| | - Ingo Burgert
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa Wood Tec, Cellulose and Wood Materials Laboratory, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Johnny Beaugrand
- Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages (BIA), INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Yoselin Benitez-Alfonso
- The Centre for Plant Science, The Bragg Centre, The Astbury Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ray Dupree
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Paul Dupree
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ykä Helariutta
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Wood Development Group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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74
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Scholz P, Chapman KD, Ischebeck T, Guzha A. Analysis of Pectin-derived Monosaccharides from Arabidopsis Using GC-MS. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4746. [PMID: 37638300 PMCID: PMC10450732 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectin is a complex polysaccharide present in the plant cell wall, whose composition is constantly remodelled to adapt to environmental or developmental changes. Mutants with altered pectin composition have been reported to exhibit altered stress or pathogen resistance. Understanding the link between mutant phenotypes and their pectin composition requires robust analytical methods to detect changes in the relative monosaccharide composition. Here, we describe a quick and efficient gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based method that allows the differential analysis of pectin monosaccharide composition in plants under different conditions or between mutant plants and their respective wild types. Pectin is extracted from seed mucilage or from the alcohol-insoluble residue prepared from leaves or other organs and is subsequently hydrolysed with trifluoracetic acid. The resulting acidic and neutral monosaccharides are then derivatised and measured simultaneously by GC-MS. Key features Comparative analysis of monosaccharide content in Arabidopsis-derived pectin between different genotypes or different treatments. Procedures for two sources of pectin are shown: seed coat mucilage and alcohol-insoluble residue. Allows quick analyses of neutral and acidic monosaccharides simultaneously. Graphical overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Scholz
- Department for Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kent D Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Green Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Athanas Guzha
- Department for Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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75
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Tang N, Cai Y, Ma JL, Ye H, Xiang ZY. Structural elucidation of hemicelluloses from oil-tea camellia fruit shell. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125643. [PMID: 37394216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Oil-tea camellia fruit shell (CFS) is a very abundant waste lignocellulosic resource. The current treatments of CFS, i.e. composting and burning, pose a severe threat on environment. Up to 50 % of the dry mass of CFS is composed of hemicelluloses. However, chemical structures of the hemicelluloses in CFS have not been extensively studied, which limits their high-value utilization. In this study, different types of hemicelluloses were isolated from CFS through alkali fractionation with the assistance of Ba(OH)2 and H3BO3. Xylan, galacto-glucomannan and xyloglucan were found to be the major hemicelluloses in CFS. Through methylation, HSQC and HMBC analyses, we have found that the xylan in CFS is composed of →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→ and →3,4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→ linked by (1→4)-β glycosidic bond as the main chain; the side chains are α-L-Fucp-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, β-D-Xylp-(1→, α-L-Rhap-(1→ and 4-O-Me-α-D-GlcpA-(1→, connected to the main chain through (1→3) glycosidic bond. The main chain of galacto-glucomannan in CFS consists of →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→; the side chains are β-D-Glcp-(1→, →2)-β-D-Galp-(1→, β-D-Manp-(1→ and →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→ connected to the main chain through (1→6) glycosidic bonds. Moreover, galactose residues are connected by α-L-Fucp-(1→. The main chain of xyloglucan is composed of →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→; the side groups, i.e. β-D-Xylp-(1→ and →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, are connected to the main chain by (1→6) glycosidic bond; →2)-β-D-Galp-(1→ and α-L-Fucp-(1→ can also connect to →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→ forming di- or trisaccharide side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation & Utilization, Improved Variety and Cultivation Engineering Research Center of Oil-tea Camellia in Guangxi, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ya Cai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation & Utilization, Improved Variety and Cultivation Engineering Research Center of Oil-tea Camellia in Guangxi, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China
| | - Jin-Lin Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation & Utilization, Improved Variety and Cultivation Engineering Research Center of Oil-tea Camellia in Guangxi, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China
| | - Hang Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation & Utilization, Improved Variety and Cultivation Engineering Research Center of Oil-tea Camellia in Guangxi, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China.
| | - Zhou-Yang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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76
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Chang SC, Kao MR, Saldivar RK, Díaz-Moreno SM, Xing X, Furlanetto V, Yayo J, Divne C, Vilaplana F, Abbott DW, Hsieh YSY. The Gram-positive bacterium Romboutsia ilealis harbors a polysaccharide synthase that can produce (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4526. [PMID: 37500617 PMCID: PMC10374906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1,3;1,4)-β-D-Glucans are widely distributed in the cell walls of grasses (family Poaceae) and closely related families, as well as some other vascular plants. Additionally, they have been found in other organisms, including fungi, lichens, brown algae, charophycean green algae, and the bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti. Only three members of the Cellulose Synthase-Like (CSL) genes in the families CSLF, CSLH, and CSLJ are implicated in (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan biosynthesis in grasses. Little is known about the enzymes responsible for synthesizing (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans outside the grasses. In the present study, we report the presence of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans in the exopolysaccharides of the Gram-positive bacterium Romboutsia ilealis CRIBT. We also report that RiGT2 is the candidate gene of R. ilealis that encodes (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan synthase. RiGT2 has conserved glycosyltransferase family 2 (GT2) motifs, including D, D, D, QXXRW, and a C-terminal PilZ domain that resembles the C-terminal domain of bacteria cellulose synthase, BcsA. Using a direct gain-of-function approach, we insert RiGT2 into Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans are produced with structures similar to those of the (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans of the lichen Cetraria islandica. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that putative (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan synthase candidate genes in several other bacterial species support the finding of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chieh Chang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Rong Kao
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Rebecka Karmakar Saldivar
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sara M Díaz-Moreno
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
| | - Xiaohui Xing
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Valentina Furlanetto
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
| | - Johannes Yayo
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
| | - Christina Divne
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden
| | - D Wade Abbott
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Yves S Y Hsieh
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE10691, Sweden.
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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77
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Tejedor-Calvo E, Morales D, Morillo L, Vega L, Caro M, Smiderle FR, Iacomini M, Marco P, Soler-Rivas C. Pressurized Liquid (PLE) Truffle Extracts Have Inhibitory Activity on Key Enzymes Related to Type 2 Diabetes (α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase). Foods 2023; 12:2724. [PMID: 37509816 PMCID: PMC10379309 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
An optimized PLE method was applied to several truffle species using three different solvent mixtures to obtain bioactive enriched fractions. The pressurized water extracts contained mainly (1 → 3),(1 → 6)-β-D-glucans, chitins, and heteropolymers with galactose and mannose in their structures. The ethanol extracts included fatty acids and fungal sterols and others such as brassicasterol and stigmasterol, depending on the species. They also showed a different fatty acid lipid profile depending on the solvent utilized and species considered. Ethanol:water extracts showed interesting lipids and many phenolic compounds; however, no synergic extraction of compounds was noticed. Some of the truffle extracts were able to inhibit enzymes related to type 2 diabetes; pressurized water extracts mainly inhibited the α-amylase enzyme, while ethanolic extracts were more able to inhibit α-glucosidase. Tuber brumale var. moschatum and T. aestivum var. uncinatum extracts showed an IC50 of 29.22 mg/mL towards α-amylase and 7.93 mg/mL towards α-glucosidase. Thus, use of the PLE method allows o bioactive enriched fractions to be obtained from truffles with antidiabetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tejedor-Calvo
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research-CIAL (UAM + CSIC), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Forest Resources, Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon (CITA), Agrifood Institute of Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Zaragoza University), Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Diego Morales
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research-CIAL (UAM + CSIC), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departmental Section of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Morillo
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research-CIAL (UAM + CSIC), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Vega
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research-CIAL (UAM + CSIC), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Caro
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Fhernanda Ribeiro Smiderle
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80240-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcello Iacomini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Pedro Marco
- Department of Forest Resources, Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon (CITA), Agrifood Institute of Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Zaragoza University), Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Soler-Rivas
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research-CIAL (UAM + CSIC), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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78
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Rezaeian S, Pourianfar HR, Dowom SA. Comparative assessment of β-glucan composition and structural characterization in wild and commercial Enoki mushrooms, Flammulina velutipes. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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79
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Zhang D, Rudjito RC, Pietiäinen S, Chang SC, Idström A, Evenäs L, Vilaplana F, Jiménez-Quero A. Arabinoxylan supplemented bread: From extraction of fibers to effect of baking, digestion, and fermentation. Food Chem 2023; 413:135660. [PMID: 36787668 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The intake of dietary fibers is related with important benefits for human health. We produced two different arabinoxylan fibers with (FAX) and without ferulic acid linked (AX), 12.5 and 0.1 mg g-1 of ferulic acid respectively, by subcritical water extraction of wheat bran. Both FAX and AX fibers were used as supplement in bread production, while non-supplemented bread was used as control. Through an enzymatic deconstruction process we investigated the effect of bread making on the fibers, the preservation of their molecular structure (A/X ratio of 0.13 and Mw of 105 Da) and the interaction with other macromolecules in the bread. By mimicking the upper track digestion, we could confirm the non-digestability of the fibers and we used them for the fermentation with B. ovatus and B. adolescentis. The presence of AX fibers during fermentation showed specific substrate adaptation by the probiotic bacteria in correlation with its potential prebiotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Zhang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, 000 14 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reskandi C Rudjito
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Solja Pietiäinen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shu-Chieh Chang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Idström
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Evenäs
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amparo Jiménez-Quero
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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80
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Ye G, Zhang J, Xu X, Zeng C, Ye Q, Wang Z. Comparative Analysis of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Dendrobium Second Love 'Tokimeki' and Dendrobium nobile in Structure, Antioxidant, and Anti-Tumor Activity In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10361. [PMID: 37373508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With potential anti-tumor and antioxidant properties, the polysaccharide content of D. nobile is relatively lower than that of the other medicinal Dendrobium. To find high-content polysaccharide resources, the polysaccharide (DHPP-Ⅰs) was prepared from D. Second Love 'Tokimeki' (a D. nobile hybrid) and compared with DNPP-Ⅰs from D. nobile. DHPP-Is (Mn 31.09 kDa) and DNPP-Is (Mn 46.65 kDa) were found to be O-acetylated glucomannans (-Glcp-(1,4) and O-acetylated-D-Manp-(1,4) backbones), analogous to other Dendrobium polysaccharides. DHPP-Ⅰs had higher glucose content (31.1%) and a lower degree (0.16) of acetylation than DNPP-Ⅰs (15.8%, 0.28). Meanwhile, DHPP-Ⅰs and DNPP-Ⅰs had the same ability in the radical scavenging assay, which was milder than the control of Vc. Both DHPP-Is and DNPP-Is inhibited SPC-A-1 cell proliferation in vitro, with obvious differences in dose concentrations (0.5-2.0 mg/mL) and treatment times (24-72 h). Therefore, the antioxidant activity of DHPP-Ⅰs and DNPP-Ⅰs is not associated with distinction in anti-proliferative activity. As a glucomannan derived from non-medicinal Dendrobium, DHPP-Ⅰs has similar bioactivity to other medicinal Dendrobium, and this could serve as a starting point for studying the conformational-bioactivity relationship of Dendrobium polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Ye
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Canbiao Zeng
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qingsheng Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Lab for Biotechnology of Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zaihua Wang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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81
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Wang X, Zhu Q, Li Y. Purification, characterization and bioactivities of a 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan from Aralia echinocaulis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125402. [PMID: 37331542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of active constituents from food plants is an important area of research in pharmaceutical sciences. Aralia echinocaulis is a medicinal food plant that is mainly used to prevent or treat rheumatoid arthritis in China. This paper reported the isolation, purification and bioactivity of a polysaccharide (HSM-1-1) from A. echinocaulis. Its structural features were analyzed according to the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The results indicated that HSM-1-1 was a new 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan mainly composed of xylan and 4-O-methyl glucuronic acid with the molecular weight of 1.6 × 104 Da. Furthermore, the antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of HSM-1-1 in vitro were investigated, and the results showed that HSM-1-1 had potent proliferation inhibition activity on colon cancer cell SW480 with an inhibition rate of 17.57 ± 1.03 % at a concentration of 600 μg/mL, as measured via MTS methods. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a polysaccharide structure obtained from A. echinocaulis and its bioactivities, and its potential as an adjuvant natural product with antitumor effects is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Qiannan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yunzhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
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82
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Iacono R, Slavov GT, Davey CL, Clifton-Brown J, Allison G, Bosch M. Variability of cell wall recalcitrance and composition in genotypes of Miscanthus from different genetic groups and geographical origin. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1155188. [PMID: 37346113 PMCID: PMC10279889 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1155188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Miscanthus is a promising crop for bioenergy and biorefining in Europe. The improvement of Miscanthus as a crop relies on the creation of new varieties through the hybridization of germplasm collected in the wild with genetic variation and suitable characteristics in terms of resilience, yield and quality of the biomass. Local adaptation has likely shaped genetic variation for these characteristics and is therefore important to quantify. A key biomass quality parameter for biorefining is the ease of conversion of cell wall polysaccharides to monomeric sugars. Thus far, the variability of cell wall related traits in Miscanthus has mostly been explored in accessions from limited genetic backgrounds. Here we analysed the soil and climatic conditions of the original collection sites of 592 Miscanthus genotypes, which form eight distinct genetic groups based on discriminant analysis of principal components of 25,014 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Our results show that species of the genus Miscanthus grow naturally across a range of soil and climate conditions. Based on a detailed analysis of 49 representative genotypes, we report generally minor differences in cell wall characteristics between different genetic groups and high levels of genetic variation within groups, with less investigated species like M. floridulus showing lower recalcitrance compared to the other genetic groups. The results emphasize that both inter- and intra- specific variation in cell wall characteristics and biomass recalcitrance can be used effectively in Miscanthus breeding programmes, while also reinforcing the importance of considering biomass yield when quantifying overall conversion efficiency. Thus, in addition to reflecting the complexity of the interactions between compositional and structural cell wall features and cell wall recalcitrance to sugar release, our results point to traits that could potentially require attention in breeding programmes targeted at improving the Miscanthus biomass crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Iacono
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Gancho T. Slavov
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
- Radiata Pine Breeding Company, Rotorua, New Zealand
| | - Christopher L. Davey
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - John Clifton-Brown
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gordon Allison
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
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83
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Zhao JY, Hong T, Hou YJ, Song XX, Yin JY, Geng F, Nie SP. Comparison of structures and emulsifying properties between water-extracted pectins from Fructus aurantii. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125005. [PMID: 37217058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The structural characteristics of two water-extracted pectic polysaccharides from Fructus aurantii were investigated, and the impacts of their structures on the emulsifying stability were evaluated. FWP-60 (extracted by cold water and followed 60 % ethanol precipitation) and FHWP-50 (extracted by hot water and followed 50 % ethanol precipitation) were both high methyl-esterified pectins, which were composed of homogalacturonan (HG) and highly branched rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) regions. The weight-average molecular weight, methyl-esterification degree (DM) and HG/RG-I ratio of FWP-60 were 1200 kDa, 66.39 % and 4.45, respectively, which were 781 kDa, 79.10 % and 1.95 for FHWP-50. The methylation and NMR analysis of FWP-60 and FHWP-50 demonstrated that the main backbone consisted of different molar ratios of →4)-α-GalpA-(1 → and →4)-α-GalpA-6-O-methyl-(1→, and the side chains contained arabinan and galactan. Moreover, the emulsifying properties of FWP-60 and FHWP-50 were discussed. Compared with FHWP-50, FWP-60 had better emulsion stability. Overall, pectin had a linear HG domain and a small number of RG-I domain with short side chains to facilitate the stabilization of emulsions in Fructus aurantii. A comprehensive knowledge of the structure characteristic and emulsifying property would enable us to provide more information and theoretical guidance for the structure and emulsion preparation of Fructus aurantii pectic polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Tao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yan-Jie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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84
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Murphy EJ, Fehrenbach GW, Abidin IZ, Buckley C, Montgomery T, Pogue R, Murray P, Major I, Rezoagli E. Polysaccharides-Naturally Occurring Immune Modulators. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102373. [PMID: 37242947 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention of disease and infection requires immune systems that operate effectively. This is accomplished by the elimination of infections and abnormal cells. Immune or biological therapy treats disease by either stimulating or inhibiting the immune system, dependent upon the circumstances. In plants, animals, and microbes, polysaccharides are abundant biomacromolecules. Due to the intricacy of their structure, polysaccharides may interact with and impact the immune response; hence, they play a crucial role in the treatment of several human illnesses. There is an urgent need for the identification of natural biomolecules that may prevent infection and treat chronic disease. This article addresses some of the naturally occurring polysaccharides of known therapeutic potential that have already been identified. This article also discusses extraction methods and immunological modulatory capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Murphy
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Midwest Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, V94EC5T Limerick, Ireland
- LIFE-Health and Biosciences Research Institute, Midwest Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, V94EC5T Limerick, Ireland
- PRISM, Research Institute, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - Gustavo Waltzer Fehrenbach
- PRISM, Research Institute, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
- Applied Polymer Technologies, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - Ismin Zainol Abidin
- PRISM, Research Institute, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
- Applied Polymer Technologies, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - Ciara Buckley
- PRISM, Research Institute, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
- Applied Polymer Technologies, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - Therese Montgomery
- School of Science and Computing, Atlantic Technological University, H91 T8NW Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert Pogue
- Universidade Católica de Brasilia, QS 7 LOTE 1-Taguatinga, Brasília 71680-613, DF, Brazil
| | - Patrick Murray
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Midwest Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, V94EC5T Limerick, Ireland
- LIFE-Health and Biosciences Research Institute, Midwest Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, V94EC5T Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ian Major
- PRISM, Research Institute, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
- Applied Polymer Technologies, Midlands Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - Emanuele Rezoagli
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
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85
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Influence of ultrasonication and hydrolysis conditions in methylation analysis of bacterial homoexopolysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 308:120643. [PMID: 36813336 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Homoexopolysaccharides (HoEPS) such as α-glucans and β-fructans are synthesized by lactic and acetic acid bacteria. Methylation analysis is an important and well-established tool for the structural analysis of these polysaccharides, however, multiple steps are required for polysaccharide derivatization. Because ultrasonication during methylation and the conditions during acid hydrolysis may influence the results, we investigated their role in the analysis of selected bacterial HoEPS. The results reveal that ultrasonication is crucial for water insoluble α-glucan to swell/disperse and deprotonate prior to methylation whereas it is not necessary for water soluble HoEPS (dextran and levan). Complete hydrolysis of permethylated α-glucans requires 2 M trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) for 60/90 min at 121 °C while levan is hydrolyzed in 1 M TFA for 30 min at 70 °C. Nevertheless, levan was also detectable after hydrolysis in 2 M TFA at 121 °C. Thus, these conditions can be used to analyze a levan/dextran mixture. However, size exclusion chromatography of permethylated and hydrolyzed levan showed degradation and condensation reactions at harsher hydrolysis conditions. Application of reductive hydrolysis with 4-methylmorpholine-borane and TFA did not lead to improved results. Overall, our results demonstrate that conditions used for methylation analysis have to be adjusted for the analysis of different bacterial HoEPS.
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86
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Ma Y, Shafee T, Mudiyanselage AM, Ratcliffe J, MacMillan CP, Mansfield SD, Bacic A, Johnson KL. Distinct functions of FASCILIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS relate to domain structure. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:119-132. [PMID: 36797772 PMCID: PMC10152678 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The role of glycoproteins as key cell surface molecules during development and stress is well established; yet, the relationship between their structural features and functional mechanisms is poorly defined. FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINs (FLAs), which impact plant growth and development, are an excellent example of a glycoprotein family with a complex multidomain structure. FLAs combine globular fasciclin-like (FAS1) domains with regions that are intrinsically disordered and contain glycomotifs for directing the addition of O-linked arabinogalactan (AG) glycans. Additional posttranslational modifications on FLAs include N-linked glycans in the FAS1 domains, a cleaved signal peptide at the N terminus, and often a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor signal sequence at the C terminus. The roles of glycosylation, the GPI anchor, and FAS1 domain functions in the polysaccharide-rich extracellular matrix of plants remain unclear, as do the relationships between them. In this study, we examined sequence-structure-function relationships of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) FLA11, demonstrated to have roles in secondary cell wall (SCW) development, by introducing domain mutations and functional specialization through domain swaps with FLA3 and FLA12. We identified FAS1 domains as essential for FLA function, differentiating FLA11/FLA12, with roles in SCW development, from FLA3, specific to flowers and involved in pollen development. The GPI anchor and AG glycosylation co-regulate the cell surface location and release of FLAs into cell walls. The AG glycomotif sequence closest to the GPI anchor (AG2) is a major feature differentiating FLA11 from FLA12. The results of our study show that the multidomain structure of different FLAs influences their subcellular location and biological functions during plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Ma
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Thomas Shafee
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Asha M Mudiyanselage
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Julian Ratcliffe
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Colleen P MacMillan
- CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, CSIRO Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Shawn D Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Antony Bacic
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Kim L Johnson
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
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87
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Mathers JC. Dietary fibre and health: the story so far. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:120-129. [PMID: 36786062 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123002215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The present paper reviews progress in research on dietary fibre and human health over the past five decades. There is now convincing evidence from prospective cohort studies that diets low in dietary fibre are associated with increased risk of common non-communicable diseases including CVD, type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer. These findings provide strong support for hypotheses proposed by Denis Burkitt 50 years ago, based on very limited evidence but with considerable imagination and insight. For the first two to three decades of this period, research on dietary fibre was hampered by the lack of consensus about the definition, and measurement, of this complex and diverse dietary component and by the lack of appropriate tools for investigating the gut microbiome that is central to understanding mechanisms of action. Recent technical and scientific advances in microbiome research (based on fast, low-cost, DNA sequencing) are facilitating investigation of the associations between dietary fibre, the gut microbiome and human health. Current challenges include the need for agreement about the characteristics of a healthy gut microbiome. Although the health benefits attributed to higher dietary fibre intake are likely to be shared with most types of dietary fibre, one should anticipate that different sources of dietary fibre and the other components (resistant starch and non-digestible oligosaccharides) that make up dietary fibre will have characteristically different effects on human physiology and disease risk. In conclusion, population-level intakes of dietary fibre are low and there is a public health priority to develop and implement more effective interventions to increase intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, William Leech Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle on Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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88
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İspirli H, Korkmaz K, Arioglu-Tuncil S, Bozkurt F, Sağdıç O, Tunçil YE, Narbad A, Dertli E. Utilisation of an active branching sucrase from Lactobacillus kunkeei AP-37 to produce techno-functional poly-oligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123967. [PMID: 36906201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Glucansucrase AP-37 was extracted from the culture supernatant of Lactobacillus kunkeei AP-37 and characteristics of the glucan produced by the active glucansucrase in terms of structural and functional roles were determined in this study. A molecular weight around 300 kDa was observed for glucansucrase AP-37 and its acceptor reactions with maltose, melibiose and mannose were also conducted to unveil the prebiotic potential of the poly-oligosaccharides formed via these reactions. The core structure of glucan AP-37 was determined by 1H and 13C NMR and GC/MS analysis which revealed that glucan AP-37 was a highly branched dextran composing of high levels of (1 → 3)-linked α-d-glucose units with low levels of (1 → 2)-linked α-d-glucose units. The structural features of the glucan formed, demonstrated that glucansucrase AP-37 was an α-(1 → 3) branching sucrase. Dextran AP-37 was further characterised by FTIR analysis and XRD analysis demonstrated its amorphous nature. A fibrous compact morphology was observed for dextran AP-37 with SEM analysis whereas TGA and DSC analysis revealed its high stability as no degradation was observed up to 312 °C. Finally, the prebiotic potential of the dextran AP-37 and the gluco-oligosaccharides produced with the acceptor reaction of α-(1 → 3) branching sucrase AP-37 were determined and promising results were found for the gluco-oligosaccharides to act as prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hümeyra İspirli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Kader Korkmaz
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Arioglu-Tuncil
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Nezahat Keleşoğlu Health Science Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey
| | - Fatih Bozkurt
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Sağdıç
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Tunçil
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Gut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Enes Dertli
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey.
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89
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McKenna JA, Garcia‐Ceron D, Bleackley MR, Yu L, Bulone V, Anderson MA. SUR7 deletion in Candida albicans impacts extracellular vesicle features and delivery of virulence factors. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 2:e82. [PMID: 38938278 PMCID: PMC11080841 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human fungal pathogens have been implicated in fungal virulence, yet little is known about their role in the host-pathogen interaction. Progress has been hampered by the lack of a specific marker for fungal EVs that can be used to monitor EV isolation and tracking in biological systems. Here we report the effect of a SUR7 gene knockout on the production, properties, and role of EVs in the virulence of Candida albicans. Sur7 is a component of the membrane compartment of Can1 (MCC) complex and is enriched in the EVs from C. albicans and other fungal species. MCC is a plasma membrane complex which together with the eisosome, a cytoplasmic protein complex, is a key regulator in plasma membrane organisation and plasma membrane associated processes. The SUR7 knockout strain produces smaller EVs than the wild-type (WT) with different protein and carbohydrate cargos. Furthermore, proteins with known roles in Candida pathogenesis were present in WT EVs and absent or diminished in the sur7Δ EVs. We demonstrate that the reduced virulence of the sur7Δ cells can be partially restored with EVs from a WT strain. These findings demonstrate the importance of Sur7-like proteins in the biogenesis of EVs in fungi and enhance our understanding of the role of fungal EVs in human pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and ChemistryLa Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe UniversityVICAustralia
| | - Donovan Garcia‐Ceron
- Department of Biochemistry and ChemistryLa Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe UniversityVICAustralia
| | - Mark R. Bleackley
- Department of Biochemistry and ChemistryLa Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe UniversityVICAustralia
| | - Long Yu
- School of Agriculture Food and WineThe University of Adelaide Waite CampusSAAustralia
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College of Medicine & Public HealthFlinders UniversitySAAustralia
| | - Vincent Bulone
- School of Agriculture Food and WineThe University of Adelaide Waite CampusSAAustralia
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College of Medicine & Public HealthFlinders UniversitySAAustralia
- Division of GlycoscienceDepartment of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)AlbaNova University CentreStockholmSweden
| | - Marilyn A. Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and ChemistryLa Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe UniversityVICAustralia
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90
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Savarino P, Demeyer M, Decroo C, Colson E, Gerbaux P. Mass spectrometry analysis of saponins. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:954-983. [PMID: 34431118 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Saponins are amphiphilic molecules of pharmaceutical interest and most of their biological activities (i.e., cytotoxic, hemolytic, fungicide, etc.) are associated to their membranolytic properties. These molecules are secondary metabolites present in numerous plants and in some marine animals, such as sea cucumbers and starfishes. Structurally, all saponins correspond to the combination of a hydrophilic glycan, consisting of sugar chain(s), linked to a hydrophobic triterpenoidic or steroidic aglycone, named the sapogenin. Saponins present a high structural diversity and their structural characterization remains extremely challenging. Ideally, saponin structures are best established using nuclear magnetic resonance experiments conducted on isolated molecules. However, the extreme structural diversity of saponins makes them challenging from a structural analysis point of view since, most of the time, saponin extracts consist in a huge number of congeners presenting only subtle structural differences. In the present review, we wish to offer an overview of the literature related to the development of mass spectrometry for the study of saponins. This review will demonstrate that most of the past and current mass spectrometry methods, including electron, electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization ionizations, gas/liquid chromatography coupled to (tandem) mass spectrometry, collision-induced dissociation including MS3 experiments, multiple reaction monitoring based quantification, ion mobility experiments, and so forth, have been used for saponin investigations with great success on enriched extracts but also directly on tissues using imaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Savarino
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Biosciences Research Institute, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
| | - Marie Demeyer
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Biosciences Research Institute, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
| | - Corentin Decroo
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Biosciences Research Institute, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Colson
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Biosciences Research Institute, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
| | - Pascal Gerbaux
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Biosciences Research Institute, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
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91
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Wang Z, Ma X, Shi S, He S, Li J, Wilson G, Cai W, Liu L. Structural Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Novel Polysaccharide from Duhaldea nervosa. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092081. [PMID: 37177224 PMCID: PMC10180711 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a novel water-soluble polysaccharide (DNP-1) was isolated and purified from the root of Duhaldea nervosa via column chromatography. Structural analyses indicated that DNP-1 had a linear backbone consisting of (2→1)-linked β-D- fructofuranosyl residues, ending with a (2→1) bonded α-D-glucopyranose. DNP-1 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.7 kDa. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of DNP-1 was investigated in vitro. The concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including NO, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-2, and IL-6, in the DNP-1 treatment group was suppressed in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. DNP-1 was able to improve inflammatory injury by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These investigations into this polysaccharide from the root of Duhaldea nervosa provide a scientific basis for the further development of this plant. The results indicate that this Duhaldea nervosa polysaccharide could be used as a potential natural source for the treatment of inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Xueqin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Silin Shi
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Shuo He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Jian Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Gidion Wilson
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Lianghong Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
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92
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Li XY, Jiang CL, Zheng C, Hong CZ, Pan LH, Li QM, Luo JP, Zha XQ. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Polysaccharide Alleviates Fatigue by Modulating Osteocalcin-Mediated Crosstalk between Bones and Muscles. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6468-6479. [PMID: 37043685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteocalcin was reported to regulate muscle energy metabolism, thus fighting fatigue during exercise. The current work aimed to investigate the anti-fatigue effect and the underlying mechanism of a homogeneous polysaccharide (PCPY-1) from Polgonatum cyrtonema after structure characterization. In the exhaustive swimming mouse model and the co-culture system of BMSCs/C2C12 cells, PCPY-1 significantly stimulated BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts as determined by ALP activity, matrix mineralization, and the protein expressions of osteogenic markers BMP-2, phosphor-Smad1, RUNX2, and osteocalcin. Meanwhile, PCPY-1 remarkably enhanced myoblast energy metabolism by upregulating osteocalcin release and GPRC6A protein expression; the phosphorylation levels of CREB and HSL; the mRNA levels of GLUT4, CD36, FATP1, and CPT1B; and ATP production in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, PCPY-1 exhibited good anti-fatigue capacity in mice as confirmed by fatigue-related indicators. Our findings indicated PCPY-1 could enhance osteocalcin-mediated communication between bones and muscles, which was conducive to muscle energy metabolism and ATP generation, thus alleviating fatigue in exhausted swimming mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Li Jiang
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hong
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang-Ming Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Disease of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
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93
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Fu YP, Peng X, Zhang CW, Jiang QX, Li CY, Paulsen BS, Rise F, Huang C, Feng B, Li LX, Chen XF, Jia RY, Li YP, Zhao XH, Ye G, Tang HQ, Liang XX, Lv C, Tian ML, Yin ZQ, Zou YF. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide and its related metabolite 5-methoxyindole-3-carboxaldehyde ameliorate experimental colitis by regulating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 306:120626. [PMID: 36746576 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years. However, tons of aerial parts of this plant are usually discarded in the production of roots preparation. To make better use of these plant resources, the polysaccharide isolated from the aerial part of S. miltiorrhiza was investigated for its potential protection against intestinal diseases. A pectic polysaccharide (SMAP-1) was isolated and characterized being composed of homogalacturonan as the main chain and rhamnogalacturonan type I as ramified region, with side chains including arabinans and possible arabinogalactan type I and II. SMAP-1 exhibited robust protective effects against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and restored colitis symptoms, colonic inflammation, and barrier functions. Anti-oxidative effects were also observed by up-regulating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. Additionally, the level of serum 5-methoxyindole-3-carboxaldehyde (5-MC) was restored by SMAP-1 identified in metabolomic analysis, being correlated with the aforementioned effects. Protection against oxidative stress on intestinal porcine enterocyte cells (IPEC-J2) by 5-MC was observed through the activation of Nrf2/Keap1 system, as also shown by SMAP-1. In conclusion, SMAP-1 could be a promising candidate for colitis prevention, and 5-MC could be the signal metabolite of SMAP-1 in protecting against oxidative stress in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Xi Peng
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao-Wen Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Quan-Xing Jiang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Cen-Yu Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Berit Smestad Paulsen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Rise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xing-Fu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ren-Yong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hua-Qiao Tang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Meng-Liang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhong-Qiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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94
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Lopes Leivas C, Moro Cantu-Jungles T, Barbosa da Luz B, Fernanda de Paula Werner M, Iacomini M, M C Cordeiro L. Investigation of the chemical structure and analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of polysaccharides that constitute the dietary fibers of soursop (Annona muricata) fruit. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112588. [PMID: 36914320 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Soursop fruits are widely used in the folk medicine to treat a variety of health conditions. Once the chemical structure of dietary fibers from fruits is closely related to its biological functions in the human body, we aimed to explore structural features and biological activity of dietary fibers from soursop. Polysaccharides that constitute the soluble and insoluble fibers were extracted and further analyzed using monosaccharide composition, methylation, molecular weight determination and 13C NMR data. Soursop soluble fibers (SWa fraction) were characterized as having type II arabinogalactan and a highly methyl esterified homogalacturonan, while non-cellulosic insoluble fibers (SSKa fraction) were mainly composed by a pectic arabinan, a xylan-xyloglucan complex and a glucuronoxylan. The oral pre-treatment with SWa and SSKa promoted antinociception in mice writhing test, reducing the number of pain-like behaviors (in 84.2 % and 46.9 %, respectively, at 10 mg/kg) and peritoneal leucocyte migration (55.4 % and 59.1 %, at 10 mg/kg), effects possibly associated with the pectins present in fruit pulp extractions. SWa also significantly inhibited the plasmatic extravasation of Evans blue dye in 39.6 % at 10 mg/kg. This paper describes for the first time the structural features of soursop dietary fibers that may be of biological significance in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lopes Leivas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81, 531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Thaisa Moro Cantu-Jungles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81, 531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Barbosa da Luz
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81, 531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Marcello Iacomini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81, 531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucimara M C Cordeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81, 531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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95
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Daştan E, Çelik ÖF, Baş O, Bulut Z, Lindemann SR, Tugay MI, Değermenci M, Suvarıklı-Alan B, Nizamlıoğlu M, Tunçil YE. Sex-dependent colonic microbiota modulation by hazelnut ( Corylus avellana L.) dietary fiber. Food Funct 2023; 14:2896-2907. [PMID: 36891893 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00570d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Although many efforts have been made to characterize the functional properties of hazelnut constituents (mainly its oil, protein, and phenolics), those of its dietary fiber (DF) have not been elucidated yet. Here, we aimed to investigate the impact of DF of natural and roasted hazelnuts, and hazelnut skin on the colonic microbiota in vivo (C57BL/6J mouse models) by determining their composition through 16S rRNA sequencing and microbial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography. Our results revealed that hazelnut DF generally showed an acetogenic effect in male mice, whereas the same trend was not observed in the female counterparts. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that hazelnut DF, especially that of natural hazelnuts, increased the relative abundances of Lactobacillus-related OTUs that have probiotic potential. LEfSe analysis indicated that, for female mice, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae, and Lactobacillus were found to be discriminators for DF of natural hazelnuts, roasted hazelnuts, hazelnut skin, and control, respectively, whereas Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Lactococcus were the discriminators for the male counterparts, respectively. This study clearly indicates that, although the roasting process slightly alters the functionalities, hazelnut DF favors beneficial microbes and stimulates beneficial microbial metabolites in the colon in a sex-dependent way, which could be a contributing factor to the health-promoting effects of hazelnuts. Furthermore, hazelnut skin, a byproduct of the hazelnut industry, was found to have potential to be utilized to produce functional DF targeting colonic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elanur Daştan
- Food Engineering Department, Agricultural Faculty, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Türkiye.
| | - Ömer F Çelik
- Food Engineering Department, Agricultural Faculty, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Türkiye.
| | - Orhan Baş
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Türkiye
| | - Zafer Bulut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Stephen R Lindemann
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA
- Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA
| | - Mehmet I Tugay
- Food Engineering Department, Agricultural Faculty, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Türkiye.
| | - Muhammet Değermenci
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Türkiye
| | - Beyza Suvarıklı-Alan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Nizamlıoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Yunus E Tunçil
- Food Engineering Department, Agricultural Faculty, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Türkiye.
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96
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Novaković L, Yakubov GE, Ma Y, Bacic A, Blank KG, Sampathkumar A, Johnson KL. DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 regulates cellulose synthesis and affects primary cell wall mechanics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1150202. [PMID: 36998675 PMCID: PMC10043484 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1150202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The cell wall is one of the defining features of plants, controlling cell shape, regulating growth dynamics and hydraulic conductivity, as well as mediating plants interactions with both the external and internal environments. Here we report that a putative mechanosensitive Cys-protease DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 (DEK1) influences the mechanical properties of primary cell walls and regulation of cellulose synthesis. Our results indicate that DEK1 is an important regulator of cellulose synthesis in epidermal tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons during early post-embryonic development. DEK1 is involved in regulation of cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs) by modifying their biosynthetic properties, possibly through interactions with various cellulose synthase regulatory proteins. Mechanical properties of the primary cell wall are altered in DEK1 modulated lines with DEK1 affecting both cell wall stiffness and the thickness of the cellulose microfibril bundles in epidermal cell walls of cotyledons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazar Novaković
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Biosciences, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gleb E. Yakubov
- Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Yingxuan Ma
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Antony Bacic
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Kerstin G. Blank
- Mechano(bio)chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Arun Sampathkumar
- School of Biosciences, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kim L. Johnson
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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97
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Huang X, Wen Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhao C. Structural characterization of Euglena gracilis polysaccharide and its in vitro hypoglycemic effects by alleviating insulin resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123984. [PMID: 36906209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, is a disorder of the endocrine metabolic system which has emerged as a common chronic disease worldwide. Euglena gracilis polysaccharides have ideal development potential in the treatment of diabetes. However, their structure and bioactivity are largely unclear. A novel purified water-soluble polysaccharide (EGP-2A-2A) from E. gracilis with a molecular weight of 130.8 kDa consisted of xylose, rhamnose, galactose, fucose, glucose, arabinose, and glucosamine hydrochloride. The SEM image for EGP-2A-2A suggested a rough surface with the presence of globule-like protrusions. Methylation and NMR spectral analyses revealed that EGP-2A-2A was mainly composed of →6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → 2)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3)-α-L-Araf-(1 → 6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → 3)-α-D-Araf-(1 → 3)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 4)-β-D-Xylp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → with complex branching structure. EGP-2A-2A significantly increased glucose consumption and glycogen content in IR-HeoG2 cells and modulates glucose metabolism disorders by regulating PI3K, AKT, and GLUT4 signaling pathways. EGP-2A-2A significantly suppressed TC, TG, and LDL-c levels, and enhanced that of HDL-c. EGP-2A-2A ameliorated abnormalities caused by disorders of glucose metabolism and the hypoglycemic activity of EGP-2A-2A may be mainly positively related to its high glucose content and the β-configuration in the main chain. These results suggested that EGP-2A-2A played an important role in alleviating disorders of glucose metabolism through insulin resistance and has the potential for development as a novel functional food with nutritional and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Yihan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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98
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Xu Y, Chen J, Shi S, Gao W, Wu J, Gong H, Zhao Y, Chen W, Wang H, Wang S. Structure characterization of pectin from the pollen of Typha angustifolia L. and the inhibition activity of lipid accumulation in oleic acid induced L02 cells. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120452. [PMID: 36657842 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pollen of Typha angustifolia L. decoction was clinically used to treat hyperlipidemia in China. A pectin polysaccharide (PTPS-2-2) was obtained from T. angustifolia pollen through water extraction, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel chromatography. Structural characterization showed that PTPS-2-2 had a molecular weight of 54 kDa and was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, galactose, and galacturonic acid with a molar ratio of 11.5: 36.5: 4.1: 36.7: 11.2. PTPS-2-2 consisted of rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and arabinogalactan II (AG-II) domains. Its backbone was predominantly composed of →4-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, with branches of 1,3-Galp, 1,6-Galp, 1,3,6-Galp, T-Araf, 1.5-Araf and T-Xylp, connected to the 4-position of 1,2-Rhap and the 3-position of 1,4-GalpA. The inhibitory effect of PTPS-2-2 on lipid accumulation was studied in vitro, using L02 cells induced by oleic acid. This experiment shows that PTPS-2-2 treatment at 100-400 μg/mL dose-dependently reduce cellular triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, while elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. This indicated that PTPS-2-2 potentially ameliorated oleic acid-induced hepatic steatosis by inhibiting lipid accumulation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Songshan Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Huan Gong
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yonglin Zhao
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Weihao Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Huijun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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99
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Rheological characterization of the exopolysaccharide produced by Alteromonas macleodii Mo 169. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:619-629. [PMID: 36539173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Rheology modifiers are essential additives in numerous products in a variety of industries. Due to environmental awareness, consumer-oriented industries are interested in novel natural rheological agents that can replace synthetic chemicals. In this study, the chemical composition and rheological properties of a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Alteromonas macleodii Mo 169 were investigated. It was mainly composed of uronic acids (50 mol%) and total carbohydrates were 17 % sulfated. The EPS viscosity increased with concentration, and a non-Newtonian shear thinning behavior was found for concentrations above 0.1 wt%. The elastic and viscous moduli indicated a weak gel-like structure above 0.4 wt%. It maintained its shear thinning behavior and viscoelastic properties in the presence of NaCl and CaCl2 for pH range 5-7 and temperatures up to 55 °C. Though the apparent viscosity decreased at pH 3 and 9 and temperatures above 65 °C, the shear thinning behavior was retained. The viscous and viscoelastic properties were recovered after heating (95 °C) and cooling (0 °C), indicating a good thermal stability and recoverability. After high shear force, the solution recovered original rheological properties within few seconds, demonstrating self-healing properties.
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100
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Novel exopolysaccharide produced by the marine dinoflagellate Heterocapsa AC210: Production, characterization, and biological properties. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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