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Berman T, Plante I, Roy M. It takes two: examining the dynamic nature of cooperative behavior in adolescents. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1269016. [PMID: 38741755 PMCID: PMC11089236 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1269016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cooperating with those around us is an important facet of functioning in modern-day society. Forming successful cooperative relationships requires trust, reciprocity, and other interpersonal skills that continue to develop during adolescence. This study examined the dynamic nature of how trust is formed and broken among 248 adolescents (Males = 110, M Age = 15.1 years) throughout an iterative cooperative task (i.e., the Trust Game) and the interindividual differences that alter the success of their relationships. In our study, adolescents from the same classroom were anonymously paired and played a 10-trial version of the Trust Game, which examines trust and reciprocity. We found that trust is formed in the first half of the game and decreases as the threat of defection nears in the last trial. As the game progressed, the relationship between trial number and investments on the subsequent trial was mediated by percent return (ab = -0.09, 95% CI = [-0.15, -0.02]). Importantly, this relationship was moderated by social skills (p = 0.003) and impulsivity (p = 0.001), such that increases in either were associated with decreased percent return and investments on future trials. Overall, we found that cooperation is an adaptive behavior which requires trust and reciprocity, and adolescents need to exhibit both of these behaviors to have fruitful interactions. These findings suggest that interventions to help students think about their partner's perspective and stress the longer-term nature of interactions with peers would foster successful cooperation in social situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn Berman
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Plante
- Department of Didactics, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Roy
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Mirghafourvand M, Ebadi A, Jahanfar S, Khorashadizadeh F, Shirzadi S. Exploring the practice of Iranian adolescent females during menstruation and related beliefs: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1145. [PMID: 38658910 PMCID: PMC11040887 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstruation is a natural occurrence that women experience during their reproductive years and may encounter many years throughout their lifespan. Many adolescent females lack accurate knowledge about menstruation, so they may face issues from receiving incorrect information from unreliable sources. Our study aimed to investigate the practices and beliefs surrounding menstruation among Iranian adolescent females. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. A purposeful sampling method was used to select 18 adolescent females from secondary and high schools located in the three regions of Neyshabur City-Iran. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Three main themes were extracted, consisting of lifestyle and related beliefs, lake of support, and awareness and information. CONCLUSIONS misconceptions and wrong behaviors during menstruation indicate that the lake of knowledge an traditional factors influence adolescent girls' health. The study provides the basis for intervention planning in this regard and different levels (individual, intrapersonal, health systems, and community).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Centre, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Fatemeh Khorashadizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Shirzadi
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Andersén MB, Revenäs Å, Lostelius PV, Olsson EMG, Bring A, Ring L. "It's about how you take in things with your brain" - young people's perspectives on mental health and help seeking: an interview study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1095. [PMID: 38643072 PMCID: PMC11031856 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor mental health in young people has become a growing problem globally over the past decades. However, young people have also been shown to underutilize available healthcare resources. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has formulated guidelines for youth-friendly health services (YFHSs) to increase youth participation in healthcare. Still, little is known about how young people using these services perceive mental health, indicating a knowledge gap concerning the subjective evaluation of their mental health. AIM To investigate how young people visiting youth health clinics (YHC) perceive the concept of mental health and factors they view as central to maintaining mental health. METHODS In total 21 interviews were carried out, 16 in 2018, and 5 in 2023 to assure no changes in findings after the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects were recruited during visits to youth health clinics (YHCs) in mid-Sweden and were aged 15-23 years. Recruitment strived to achieve heterogeneity in the sample concerning gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and age. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis. FINDINGS Findings of the analysis revealed two themes, "Mental health is helped and hindered by the surroundings" and "Mental health is difficult to understand and difficult to achieve". The participants described their health as highly dependent on their social surroundings, and that these are important to maintaining health but may also affect health negatively. They described mixed experiences of the health care services and mentioned prerequisites for seeking care for mental health problems such as accessibility and respect for their integrity, including the right to turn down offered treatment. The informants also viewed mental health as an ongoing undertaking that one must work for, and that it is sometimes difficult to know what constitutes mental health. They also expressed a need from healthcare services to enquire about their health, and to show an active interest in how they are doing. CONCLUSIONS Findings underline the need of young people's individual needs to be met in the healthcare system and their vulnerability to their social surroundings. Health status assessments in young people should consider social and individual factors to fully capture mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael B Andersén
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Region Uppsala, Primary Care and Health, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Åsa Revenäs
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland - Uppsala University, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
- Orthopedic clinic, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Petra V Lostelius
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland - Uppsala University, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
- Clinic for Pain Rehabilitation Västmanland, Region Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Erik M G Olsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annika Bring
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Ring
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Region Uppsala, Primary Care and Health, Uppsala, Sweden
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Smorti M, Milone A, Fanciullacci L, Ciaravolo A, Berrocal C. Parenting and Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in a General Population Sample of Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Emotional Dysregulation. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:435. [PMID: 38671652 PMCID: PMC11049627 DOI: 10.3390/children11040435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Research has shown that both parenting and emotional dysregulation are associated with mental health outcomes in youth. This cross-sectional research was developed to replicate these noted findings and explore the mediating role of emotional dysregulation to explain the relationship between parenting and emotional and behavioral difficulties (internalizing and externalizing problems) in adolescents. A total of 104 adolescents (61.5% females; M = 15.62 yrs., SD = 1.38) participated in the study. Participants completed the Parental Bonding Instrument (measuring care, promotion of autonomy, and overprotection) referring to both the mother and father, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Youth Self-Report. The results showed that difficulties in emotion regulation fully mediated the relationship between overprotection (in both parents) and low maternal care with internalizing problems, on the one hand, and the relationship between maternal overprotection and low care (in both parents) with externalizing problems, on the other hand. Furthermore, emotional dysregulation partially mediated the effect of paternal care on internalizing problems. These findings help to clarify one of the mechanisms through which parenting can affect mental health in youth. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Smorti
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Annarita Milone
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, 56128 Calambrone, Italy
| | - Luisa Fanciullacci
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Alessia Ciaravolo
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Carmen Berrocal
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- International Lab of Clinical Measurements, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Nusslock R, Alloy LB, Brody GH, Miller GE. Annual Research Review: Neuroimmune network model of depression: a developmental perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:538-567. [PMID: 38426610 PMCID: PMC11090270 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious public health problem, and adolescence is an 'age of risk' for the onset of Major Depressive Disorder. Recently, we and others have proposed neuroimmune network models that highlight bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system in both mental and physical health, including depression. These models draw on research indicating that the cellular actors (particularly monocytes) and signaling molecules (particularly cytokines) that orchestrate inflammation in the periphery can directly modulate the structure and function of the brain. In the brain, inflammatory activity heightens sensitivity to threats in the cortico-amygdala circuit, lowers sensitivity to rewards in the cortico-striatal circuit, and alters executive control and emotion regulation in the prefrontal cortex. When dysregulated, and particularly under conditions of chronic stress, inflammation can generate feelings of dysphoria, distress, and anhedonia. This is proposed to initiate unhealthy, self-medicating behaviors (e.g. substance use, poor diet) to manage the dysphoria, which further heighten inflammation. Over time, dysregulation in these brain circuits and the inflammatory response may compound each other to form a positive feedback loop, whereby dysregulation in one organ system exacerbates the other. We and others suggest that this neuroimmune dysregulation is a dynamic joint vulnerability for depression, particularly during adolescence. We have three goals for the present paper. First, we extend neuroimmune network models of mental and physical health to generate a developmental framework of risk for the onset of depression during adolescence. Second, we examine how a neuroimmune network perspective can help explain the high rates of comorbidity between depression and other psychiatric disorders across development, and multimorbidity between depression and stress-related medical illnesses. Finally, we consider how identifying neuroimmune pathways to depression can facilitate a 'next generation' of behavioral and biological interventions that target neuroimmune signaling to treat, and ideally prevent, depression in youth and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Gregory E. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
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56
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Wang H, Xu S, Wang S, Wang Y, Chen R. Association between sports-related concussions and the risk of self-injury thoughts and behaviors: Who, and under what circumstances? J Affect Disord 2024; 350:801-812. [PMID: 38272361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the association between sport-related concussions and the risk of suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury thoughts and behaviors (SITBs), including non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation (SI), suicidal plan (SP), and suicidal attempt (SA), is crucial for suicide prevention. We aimed to identify the circumstances in which individuals with or without a concussion are vulnerable to SITBs. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 85,469 students from 63 Chinese university with a mean age of 19.6 years. Firstly, propensity score matching, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to match the concussion and non-concussion group based on a range of biological, social, and psychological factors. Subsequently, multivariable logistic regression and a decision tree algorithm were employed to evaluate the interaction and cumulative impact of these risk factors and concussion on the probability of SITBs. RESULTS In the unmatched sample, concussion exposures were associated with all SITBs, with NSSI (OR, 1.41), SI (OR, 1.10), SP (OR, 1.23), and SA (OR, 1.28). However, the matched and weighted sample only had a significant association with NSSI and SI. The decision tree model revealed that, in the unmatched sample, among individuals without depressive symptoms or childhood emotional abuse, the risk of concussion on SITBs increased from 45.5 % to 65.2 % (χ2, 9.370; adjusted P = .002) after experiencing sexual abuse and verbal bullying. In the matched sample, the risk increased from 46.2 % to 64.6 % (χ2, 6.848; adjusted P = .009). CONCLUSION Our study revealed that individuals who suffered concussions exhibited a significantly higher risk of SITBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huagen Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shicun Xu
- Northeast Asian Research Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; Department of Population, Resources and Environment, Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Shihui Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China
| | - Runsen Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Pelletier-Baldelli A, Sheridan MA, Rudolph MD, Eisenlohr-Moul T, Martin S, Srabani EM, Giletta M, Hastings PD, Nock MK, Slavich GM, Rudolph KD, Prinstein MJ, Miller AB. Brain network connectivity during peer evaluation in adolescent females: Associations with age, pubertal hormones, timing, and status. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101357. [PMID: 38359577 PMCID: PMC10878848 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite copious data linking brain function with changes to social behavior and mental health, little is known about how puberty relates to brain functioning. We investigated the specificity of brain network connectivity associations with pubertal indices and age to inform neurodevelopmental models of adolescence. We examined how brain network connectivity during a peer evaluation fMRI task related to pubertal hormones (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone), pubertal timing and status, and age. Participants were 99 adolescents assigned female at birth aged 9-15 (M = 12.38, SD = 1.81) enriched for the presence of internalizing symptoms. Multivariate analysis revealed that within Salience, between Frontoparietal - Reward and Cinguloopercular - Reward network connectivity were associated with all measures of pubertal development and age. Specifically, Salience connectivity linked with age, pubertal hormones, and status, but not timing. In contrast, Frontoparietal - Reward connectivity was only associated with hormones. Finally, Cinguloopercular - Reward connectivity related to age and pubertal status, but not hormones or timing. These results provide evidence that the salience processing underlying peer evaluation is jointly influenced by various indices of puberty and age, while coordination between cognitive control and reward circuitry is related to pubertal hormones, pubertal status, and age in unique ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Margaret A Sheridan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marc D Rudolph
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest, NC, USA
| | - Tory Eisenlohr-Moul
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sophia Martin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ellora M Srabani
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matteo Giletta
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul D Hastings
- Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Matthew K Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - George M Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen D Rudolph
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam Bryant Miller
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Gupta T, Eckstrand KL, Forbes EE. Annual Research Review: Puberty and the development of anhedonia - considering childhood adversity and inflammation. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:459-480. [PMID: 38391011 PMCID: PMC10939801 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Anhedonia, or diminished pleasure and motivation, is a symptom of severe mental illness (e.g., depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) that emerges during adolescence. Anhedonia is a pernicious symptom that is related to social impairments, treatment resistance, and suicide. As the mechanisms of anhedonia are postulated to include the frontostriatal circuitry and the dopamine neuromodulatory system, the development and plasticity of these systems during the vulnerable period of adolescence, as well as their sensitivity to pubertal hormones, suggest that pubertal maturation could play a role in the development of anhedonia. This review takes a developmental perspective, considering the possibility that anhedonia emerges in the context of pubertal maturation and adolescent development, with childhood adversity and chronic inflammation influencing neural reward systems to accelerate anhedonia's progression. Here, we review the relevant extant literature on the components of this model and suggest directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Gupta
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | | | - Erika E. Forbes
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychology, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh PA USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Pittsburgh PA USA
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Gregorová K, Eldar E, Deserno L, Reiter AMF. A cognitive-computational account of mood swings in adolescence. Trends Cogn Sci 2024; 28:290-303. [PMID: 38503636 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Teenagers have a reputation for being fickle, in both their choices and their moods. This variability may help adolescents as they begin to independently navigate novel environments. Recently, however, adolescent moodiness has also been linked to psychopathology. Here, we consider adolescents' mood swings from a novel computational perspective, grounded in reinforcement learning (RL). This model proposes that mood is determined by surprises about outcomes in the environment, and how much we learn from these surprises. It additionally suggests that mood biases learning and choice in a bidirectional manner. Integrating independent lines of research, we sketch a cognitive-computational account of how adolescents' mood, learning, and choice dynamics influence each other, with implications for normative and psychopathological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Gregorová
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Würzburg 97080, Germany; Department of Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg 97070, Germany; German Center of Prevention Research on Mental Health, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Eran Eldar
- Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel; Department of Cognitive & Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel
| | - Lorenz Deserno
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Würzburg 97080, Germany; Department of Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg 97070, Germany; Department of Cognitive & Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Andrea M F Reiter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Würzburg 97080, Germany; Department of Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg 97070, Germany; German Center of Prevention Research on Mental Health, Würzburg 97080, Germany; Collaborative Research Centre 940 Volition and Cognitive Control, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany.
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60
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Gotlieb RJM, Yang XF, Immordino-Yang MH. Diverse adolescents' transcendent thinking predicts young adult psychosocial outcomes via brain network development. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6254. [PMID: 38491075 PMCID: PMC10943076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Developmental scientists have long described mid-adolescents' emerging capacities to make deep meaning about the social world and self, here called transcendent thinking, as a hallmark developmental stage. In this 5-years longitudinal study, sixty-five 14-18 years-old youths' proclivities to grapple psychologically with the ethical, systems-level and personal implications of social stories, predicted future increases in the coordination of two key brain networks: the default-mode network, involved in reflective, autobiographical and free-form thinking, and the executive control network, involved in effortful, focused thinking; findings were independent of IQ, ethnicity, and socioeconomic background. This neural development predicted late-adolescent identity development, which predicted young-adult self-liking and relationship satisfaction, in a developmental cascade. The findings reveal a novel predictor of mid-adolescents' neural development, and suggest the importance of attending to adolescents' proclivities to engage agentically with complex perspectives and emotions on the social and personal relevance of issues, such as through civically minded educational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J M Gotlieb
- Center for Dyslexia, Diverse Learners, and Social Justice, School of Education and Information Studies, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Xiao-Fei Yang
- Center for Affective Neuroscience, Development, Learning and Education; Brain and Creativity Institute; Rossier School of Education, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary Helen Immordino-Yang
- Center for Affective Neuroscience, Development, Learning and Education; Brain and Creativity Institute; Rossier School of Education, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program; Psychology Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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61
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Wilbrecht L, Davidow JY. Goal-directed learning in adolescence: neurocognitive development and contextual influences. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:176-194. [PMID: 38263216 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a time during which we transition to independence, explore new activities and begin pursuit of major life goals. Goal-directed learning, in which we learn to perform actions that enable us to obtain desired outcomes, is central to many of these processes. Currently, our understanding of goal-directed learning in adolescence is itself in a state of transition, with the scientific community grappling with inconsistent results. When we examine metrics of goal-directed learning through the second decade of life, we find that many studies agree there are steady gains in performance in the teenage years, but others report that adolescent goal-directed learning is already adult-like, and some find adolescents can outperform adults. To explain the current variability in results, sophisticated experimental designs are being applied to test learning in different contexts. There is also increasing recognition that individuals of different ages and in different states will draw on different neurocognitive systems to support goal-directed learning. Through adoption of more nuanced approaches, we can be better prepared to recognize and harness adolescent strengths and to decipher the purpose (or goals) of adolescence itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Wilbrecht
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Juliet Y Davidow
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Ladouceur CD. Can Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Normalize Neural Function in Youths With Pediatric Anxiety Disorders? A Developmental Neuroscience Perspective. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:175-177. [PMID: 38425260 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20240024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
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Winds K, Marka T, Salcher B, Rieser N, Skrivanek C, Hochrainer M, Trost-Schrems J, Rainer LJ, Hitzl W, Augner C, Plattner B. Glow up: does a professional photoshoot intervention affect self-esteem and emotions among adolescent psychiatric patients?-A longitudinal intervention study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1310252. [PMID: 38463433 PMCID: PMC10920346 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1310252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Today, online communication is shaped by a billion-dollar social media (SM) and social networking site (SNS) industry. Visual content consumed by children and adolescents has been shown to influence behavioral patterns, state emotions, and self-esteem (SE). In this study, we introduced a novel intervention creating visual content through a professional photoshoot and investigated its impact on state emotions and SE in child and adolescent psychiatric (CAP) patients. Methods Standardized and validated self-rating questionnaires were used to assess SE, state emotions, coping mechanisms, psychopathological symptoms, and internet use behavior at baseline. SE and state emotions were monitored at different time points around a professional photoshoot within 45 CAP patients (30 female patients; mean age, 15.1 years) using a longitudinal design. Results Within-subject repeated-measures ANOVA and bootstrapped paired-sample t-tests showed a significant fluctuation in state emotions and SE throughout the intervention. Spearman correlations and univariate logistic regressions revealed that internalizing symptomatology and maladaptive coping significantly worsened the outcome of the intervention on state emotions and SE in girls. Internet-related variables heightened the positive effect of the intervention in boys and lowered SE in girls during the intervention. Conclusion The photo intervention had various gender-specific effects. Boys did benefit from the intervention in terms of longitudinal outcome on positive state emotions (PE) and SE, even positively influenced by SNS and SM. Thus, it might be concluded that online social comparison was processed more beneficial in boys. In contrast, when working with visual content in girls, psychopathology and coping must be considered. Internet consumption in general, especially SM and SNS, was related to low SE in girls. Nevertheless, when therapeutically accompanied, the "glow up moment" during the shoot (high on PE and SE; low on negative state emotions) could be used as an index moment for therapeutic reflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelius Winds
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Theresa Marka
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Salcher
- Department of Environment and Biodiversity, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nicole Rieser
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christine Skrivanek
- University Clinics for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michelle Hochrainer
- University Clinics for Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Trost-Schrems
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lucas J. Rainer
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- University Clinics for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- University Clinics for Neurology, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Hitzl
- Research Office Biostatistics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christoph Augner
- University Clinics for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute for Human Resources Research in Health Care, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Belinda Plattner
- University Clinics for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Sadath A, Kavalidou K, McMahon E, Malone K, McLoughlin A. Associations between humiliation, shame, self-harm and suicidality among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292691. [PMID: 38329967 PMCID: PMC10852296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is the second leading cause of death among young people worldwide. Research indicates that negative social contexts involving familial and peer relationships have far-reaching influences on levels of suicidality in later life. While previous systematic reviews have focused on evaluating associations between negative life events such as abuse and bullying in childhood and subsequent suicidality, this systematic review examines the prevalence of, and association between the processes of humiliation and shame in later self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicide among adolescents and young adults. METHODS A systematic literature search of databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase was conducted to identify potential studies. ProQuest was searched to identify relevant grey literature research. A combination of MESH terms and keywords was used. All original quantitative studies published in English that examined the prevalence, or association between humiliation or shame and suicidal behaviours and/or death by suicide were included. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) [CRD42022289843]. RESULTS Narrative synthesis was performed. A total of 33 studies reporting the prevalence of, or association between humiliation (n = 10) or shame (n = 23) and suicidal thoughts/behaviours were included. The prevalence of humiliation among those with any suicidality ranged from 18% to 28.1%, excluding an outlier (67.1%), with two studies presenting a significant association between humiliation and self-harm in their fully adjusted analyses. The studies that outlined humiliation and suicidal thinking (intent/suicide plan) had no association after adjustment for confounders. For shame, half of the studies found an association in adjusted models (n = 10), and this was evident for both suicidal ideation and self-harm. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to attempt a systematic review on this topic. The dearth of research in this field of enquiry is reflective of unique challenges associated with assessments of humiliation and shame in various clinical settings amongst adolescent and young adult populations. Nonetheless, given the importance and relevance of the psychological imprint of humiliation in youth morbidity and mortality in the field of mental health, it is timely to attempt such a systematic review. In light of the associated role of humiliation and shame in self-harm and suicidality among young people, we recommend that these processes need to be explored further via prospective studies and assessed as part of a comprehensive bio-psycho-social assessment when focusing on life stressors for adolescent and young adults presenting with suicidality to emergency departments and mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anvar Sadath
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katerina Kavalidou
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Clinical Programme, Health Service Executive (HSE), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine McMahon
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin Malone
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoibheann McLoughlin
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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65
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Maza MT, Kwon SJ, Jorgensen NA, Capella J, Prinstein MJ, Lindquist KA, Telzer EH. Neurobiological sensitivity to popular peers moderates daily links between social media use and affect. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 65:101335. [PMID: 38183857 PMCID: PMC10818203 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Social media behaviors increase during adolescence, and quantifiable feedback metrics (e.g., likes, followers) may amplify the value of social status for teens. Social media's impact on adolescents' daily affect may be exacerbated given the neurodevelopmental changes that increase youths' sensitivity to socio-emotional information. This study examines whether neurobiological sensitivity to popularity moderates daily links between social media use and affect. Adolescents (N = 91, Mage=13.6 years, SDage=0.6 years) completed an fMRI task in which they viewed faces of their high (>1 SD above the mean) and low (<1 SD below the mean) popular peers based on peer-nominated sociometric ratings from their school social networks. Two years later, adolescents reported their time spent on social media and affect daily for two weeks. Neural tracking of popularity in the ventromedial and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex moderated the association between time on social media and affect. Specifically, adolescents who tracked high popular peers in the vmPFC reported more positive affect on days when they used social media more. Adolescents who tracked low popular peers in the vmPFC and dmPFC reported more negative affect on days when they used social media more. Results suggest that links between social media and affect depend on individual differences in neural sensitivity to popularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria T Maza
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Seh-Joo Kwon
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nathan A Jorgensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jimmy Capella
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristen A Lindquist
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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66
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Irani F, Muotka J, Lyyra P, Parviainen T, Monto S. Social influence in adolescence: Behavioral and neural responses to peer and expert opinion. Soc Neurosci 2024; 19:25-36. [PMID: 38426851 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2024.2323745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Social influence plays a crucial role during the teen years, with adolescents supposedly exhibiting heightened sensitivity to their peers. In this study, we examine how social influence from different sources, particularly those with varying normative and informational significance, affect adolescents' opinion change. Furthermore, we investigated the underlying neural dynamics to determine whether these two behaviorally similar influences share their neural mechanisms. Twenty-three participants (14-17 years old) gave their opinions about facial stimuli and received feedback from either a peer group or an expert group, while brain responses were recorded using concurrent magnetoencephalography. In a second rating session, we found that participants' opinions changed in line with conflicting feedback, but only when the feedback was lower than their initial evaluation. On the neural level, conflict with peers evoked stronger neural responses than conflict with experts in the 230-400 ms time window and the right frontotemporal magnetometer channels. Nevertheless, there was no greater conformity toward peers. Moreover, conflict compared to no conflict decreased neural oscillations in the beta frequency range (20-26 Hz) at the right frontal and parietal channels. Taken together, our findings do not support the general assumption that adolescent behavior is excessively vulnerable to peer norms, although we found heightened neural sensitivity to peer feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Irani
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Joona Muotka
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pessi Lyyra
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tiina Parviainen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Simo Monto
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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67
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Rodman AM, Rosen ML, Kasparek SW, Mayes M, Lengua L, Meltzoff AN, McLaughlin KA. Social experiences and youth psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:366-378. [PMID: 36503551 PMCID: PMC10258229 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated stay-at-home orders resulted in a stark reduction in daily social interactions for children and adolescents. Given that peer relationships are especially important during this developmental stage, it is crucial to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social behavior and risk for psychopathology in children and adolescents. In a longitudinal sample (N=224) of children (7-10y) and adolescents (13-15y) assessed at three strategic time points (before the pandemic, during the initial stay-at-home order period, and six months later after the initial stay-at-home order period was lifted), we examine whether certain social factors protect against increases in stress-related psychopathology during the pandemic, controlling for pre-pandemic symptoms. Youth who reported less in-person and digital socialization, greater social isolation, and less social support had worsened psychopathology during the pandemic. Greater social isolation and decreased digital socialization during the pandemic were associated with greater risk for psychopathology after experiencing pandemic-related stressors. In addition, children, but not adolescents, who maintained some in-person socialization were less likely to develop internalizing symptoms following exposure to pandemic-related stressors. We identify social factors that promote well-being and resilience in youth during this societal event.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Makeda Mayes
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington-Seattle
| | - Liliana Lengua
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington-Seattle
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68
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Chen Q, Bonduelle SLB, Wu GR, Vanderhasselt MA, De Raedt R, Baeken C. Unraveling how the adolescent brain deals with criticism using dynamic causal modeling. Neuroimage 2024; 286:120510. [PMID: 38184159 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity to criticism, which can be defined as a negative evaluation that a person receives from someone else, is considered a risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. They may be more vulnerable to social evaluation than adults and exhibit more inadequate emotion regulation strategies such as rumination. The neural network involved in dealing with criticism in adolescents may serve as a biomarker for vulnerability to depression. However, the directions of the functional interactions between the brain regions within this neural network in adolescents are still unclear. In this study, 64 healthy adolescents (aged 14 to 17 years) were asked to listen to a series of self-referential auditory segments, which included negative (critical), positive (praising), and neutral conditions, during fMRI scanning. Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) with Parametric Empirical Bayesian (PEB) analysis was performed to map the interactions within the neural network that was engaged during the processing of these segments. Three regions were identified to form the interaction network: the left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC), the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the right precuneus (preCUN). We quantified the modulatory effects of exposure to criticism and praise on the effective connectivity between these brain regions. Being criticized was found to significantly inhibit the effective connectivity from the preCUN to the DLPFC. Adolescents who scored high on the Perceived Criticism Measure (PCM) showed less inhibition of the preCUN-to-DLPFC connectivity when being criticized, which may indicate that they required more engagement of the Central Executive Network (which includes the DLPFC) to sufficiently disengage from negative self-referential processing. Furthermore, the inhibitory connectivity from the DLPFC to the pgACC was strengthened by exposure to praise as well as criticism, suggesting a recruitment of cognitive control over emotional responses when dealing with positive and negative evaluative feedback. Our novel findings contribute to a more profound understanding of how criticism affects the adolescent brain and can help to identify potential biomarkers for vulnerability to develop mood disorders before or during adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Chen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sam Luc Bart Bonduelle
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels University Hospital (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guo-Rong Wu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi De Raedt
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels University Hospital (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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69
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McKone KMP, Edershile EA, Ladouceur CD, Silk JS. Real-world flexibility in adolescent girls' emotion regulation strategy selection: An investigation of strategy switching. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:181-195. [PMID: 36503633 PMCID: PMC10258216 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is an important stage for the development of emotion regulation skills, especially for adolescent girls who are at elevated risk for the development of depression and anxiety. Although some emotion regulation strategies are more effective at helping adolescents regulate negative affect on average, research indicates strategy effectiveness varies with the context in which a strategy is deployed. Yet less work has been done examining which contextual factors are associated with adolescents switching emotion regulation strategies in their daily lives. This study examined individual and contextual factors related to negative interpersonal events that are associated with strategy effectiveness, including age, emotional intensity, perceived controllability, and co-regulatory support, and their association with adolescent emotion regulation strategy switching in daily life via ecological momentary assessment. Results indicated that adolescent girls differed in the degree to which they altered their emotion regulation strategies throughout their daily lives, and that switching strategies was associated with age as well as individual and within-person differences in perceived controllability, emotional intensity, and co-regulatory support. This study provides critical proof-of-concept of the utility of emotion regulation strategy switching as a measure of regulatory flexibility and highlights regulatory processes that may hold clues to the mechanisms of developmental psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cecile D Ladouceur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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70
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Halliburton AE, Murray DW, Ridenour TA. Interplay Among Self-Regulation Processes Over Time for Adolescents in the Context of Chronic Stress. JOURNAL OF COGNITION AND DEVELOPMENT 2024; 25:386-407. [PMID: 39149413 PMCID: PMC11323049 DOI: 10.1080/15248372.2023.2295894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Developmental changes in self-regulation are theorized to underlie adolescents' engagement in risky behaviors, physical health, mental health, and transition to adulthood. Two central processes involved in self-regulation, self-management (i.e., planning, concentration, and problem-solving) and disinhibition (e.g., distractibility and impulsivity) appear to develop asynchronously and may be differentially activated based on contextual factors. Using a sample identified based on exposure to chronic stressors, we investigated how changes in self-management and disinhibition affect each other over time and whether these changes occur differently for boys and girls. Youth aged 8-16 (N = 708) who attended a U.S. summer camp self-reported on components of disinhibition and self-management. Cross-lagged structural equation modeling revealed a reciprocal relationship between self-management and disinhibition, with anger coping and distractibility emerging as critical factors in shaping this relationship. Changes in concentration, planning, and problem-solving were components of self-management that drove subsequent changes in boys' disinhibition (for girls, however, planning did not). Autocorrelations for both broad processes remained strong from year to year, indicating a high degree of stability in rank order despite the myriad of physical, cognitive and socioemotional changes that occur during adolescence. We discuss implications of the reciprocal model with a focus on the relative pliability of components from each process and strategies for shaping them. Planning, concentration and distractibility are highlighted as potential targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Halliburton
- Department of Psychological Science, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA, USA
| | - Desiree W Murray
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ty A Ridenour
- Research Triangle Institute (RTI) International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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71
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Iannattone S, Mezzalira S, Bottesi G, Gatta M, Miscioscia M. Emotion dysregulation and psychopathological symptoms in non-clinical adolescents: The mediating role of boredom and social media use. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:5. [PMID: 38184635 PMCID: PMC10771649 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion dysregulation, boredom, and problematic social media use are well-known vulnerability factors for psychopathology during adolescence; nevertheless, the interplay between these factors remains underinvestigated in the literature. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study aimed to explore the mediating role of boredom and problematic social media use in the relations between emotion dysregulation and both internalizing and externalizing problems in a non-clinical group of Italian adolescents. METHOD 721 students (64.6% girls; Mage = 15.49 years ± 1.82) were involved and completed self-report tools assessing emotion dysregulation, boredom, problematic social media use, and psychopathological symptoms. Path analysis was used to test whether boredom and problematic social media use mediated the relation between emotion dysregulation and psychopathology, distinguishing between internalizing and externalizing problems. RESULTS Path models showed that emotion dysregulation predicted both internalizing and externalizing problems, as well as boredom and problematic social media use. Importantly, boredom mediated the associations between emotion dysregulation and both psychopathological dimensions, while problematic social media use mediated only the relation with externalizing problems. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight that the influence of emotion dysregulation on psychopathology can manifest through different paths, leading to specific symptomatology based on interactions between various variables. In particular, boredom seems to be a transdiagnostic factor for psychopathology in adolescence, whereas problematic social media use would be a dimension-specific factor. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Iannattone
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, 35131, Italy.
| | - Selene Mezzalira
- Department of Engineering, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, via Venezia 8, Padua, 35131, Italy
| | - Michela Gatta
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marina Miscioscia
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Miller P, Blatt L, Hunter-Rue D, Barry KR, Jamal-Orozco N, Hanson JL, Votruba-Drzal E. Economic hardship and adolescent behavioral outcomes: Within- and between-family associations. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38179686 PMCID: PMC11224139 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how youth perceive household economic hardship and how it relates to their behavior is vital given associations between hardship and behavioral development. Yet, most studies ignore youth's own perceptions of economic hardship, instead relying solely on caregiver reports. Moreover, the literature has tended to treat economic hardship as a stable force over time, rather than a volatile one that varies month-to-month. This study addressed extant limitations by collecting monthly measures of economic hardship, specifically caregiver- and youth-reported material deprivation and youth-reported financial stress, and youth internalizing and externalizing problems from 104 youth-caregiver dyads (youth: 14-16 years, 55% female, 37% Black, 43% White) over nine months. We examined month-to-month variability of these constructs and how youth-reports of material deprivation and financial stress predicted their behavior problems, controlling for caregiver-reports of material deprivation. We found that hardship measures varied month-to-month (ICCs = 0.69-0.73), and youth-reported material deprivation positively predicted internalizing when examining both within- and between-individual variability (β = .19-.47). Youth-reported financial stress positively predicted within-individual variation in externalizing (β = .18), while youth reports of material deprivation predicted externalizing when looking between families (β = .41). Caregiver-reported material deprivation was unrelated to youth behavior when accounting for youth perceptions of economic hardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Portia Miller
- Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lorraine Blatt
- Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniesha Hunter-Rue
- Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly R. Barry
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nabila Jamal-Orozco
- Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jamie L. Hanson
- Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal
- Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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73
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Altermann W, Gröpel P. Physical fitness is related to concentration performance in adolescents. Sci Rep 2024; 14:587. [PMID: 38182759 PMCID: PMC10770038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the relationship between physical fitness and attention in a sample of adolescents. The hypothesis was that the overall fitness as well as its single components (speed, endurance, strength, coordination, and flexibility) would be positively related to participants' performance in a test of attention. Participants were adolescent students (N = 140) aged 15 to 18 years. Physical fitness was measured with the German Motor Test. Attention was assessed with the d2-Test of Attention. Overall, physical fitness explained 26% of the variance in the attentional test performance. Endurance, strength, coordination, and flexibility were all positively linked to participants' attention, whereas speed was unrelated to attention. Endurance and flexibility better predicted how fast participants processed the test items, while strength and coordination better predicted the accuracy with which the participants detected the targets. Better physical fitness seems to be an advantage for adolescents' cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Altermann
- Division of Sport Psychology, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Gröpel
- Division of Sport Psychology, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Luitwieler N, Luijkx J, van der Stege HA, Grootoonk A, van der Schans CP, van der Putten AAJ, Waninge A. Transition to adulthood of adolescents with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: Content validation of the SGU-PIMD to support families. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13161. [PMID: 37793995 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For families with adolescent children, the transition to adulthood is usually challenging. This period may be extra demanding for families with a child with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities due to the child's strong and persistent support needs. To support these families during this phase and to facilitate the transition process of these adolescents, we adapted the Canadian skills for growing up (SGU) into the skills for growing up-profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (SGU-PIMD). The aim of this study is to determine its content validity. METHOD A Delphi study with family members and healthcare professionals was conducted. RESULTS Results showed good content validity. However, the Delphi panel suggested minor adjustments to improve relevance, comprehensibility and comprehensiveness. CONCLUSIONS The current SGU-PIMD can be used in practice for supporting adolescents with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. However, there are also recommendations for research into the feasibility and acceptability of the instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Luitwieler
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorien Luijkx
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Basic Unit Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen A van der Stege
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Grootoonk
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees P van der Schans
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette A J van der Putten
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Basic Unit Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aly Waninge
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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75
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Fava NM, Coxe SJ, Fortenberry JD, Bay-Cheng LY. Sexual Self-Concept After Child Maltreatment: The Role of Resilient Coping and Sexual Experience Among U.S. Young Adults. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:359-373. [PMID: 37847345 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Evidence supports sexual experience as normative and health-promoting for many, but this picture is less clear for people with histories of adversity. Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) was used to garner data from a sample of 362 young adults (aged 18-25) wherein 44.5% (n = 161) identified as women. We assessed longitudinal associations between child maltreatment and sexual self-concept, as mediated by sexual behaviors and sexual partners, and whether resilient coping moderated these associations using structural equation modeling. Although both child maltreatment and resilient coping were directly associated with aspects of sexual experience, only resilient coping was directly associated with sexual self-concept. In addition, we found support for sexual experience as a mediator between child maltreatment/resilient coping and sexual self-concept. Specifically, cumulative maltreatment was associated with more sexual partners, which was associated with higher sexual self-monitoring. Resilient coping was associated with more sexual partners and more sexual behaviors, which was associated with higher sexual self-monitoring and higher sexual self-consciousness, sexual assertiveness, sexual self-esteem, and sexual motivation, respectively. Thus, sexual behaviors and sexual partners operated independently. Findings contrast messaging that sexual experience is universally risky regardless of maltreatment history. Rather, sexual experience may foster positive sexual self-concept for some. Sexual health advocates must attend to differences between sexual behaviors and sexual partners in relation to sexual well-being, and support resilience in the sexual domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Fava
- School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, AHC-5, Room 587, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Stefany J Coxe
- Department of Psychology, Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Laina Y Bay-Cheng
- Psychology Department, LaMarsh Centre for Child & Youth Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sun YJ, Sahakian BJ, Langley C, Yang A, Jiang Y, Kang J, Zhao X, Li C, Cheng W, Feng J. Early-initiated childhood reading for pleasure: associations with better cognitive performance, mental well-being and brain structure in young adolescence. Psychol Med 2024; 54:359-373. [PMID: 37376848 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood is a crucial neurodevelopmental period. We investigated whether childhood reading for pleasure (RfP) was related to young adolescent assessments of cognition, mental health, and brain structure. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in a large-scale US national cohort (10 000 + young adolescents), using the well-established linear mixed model and structural equation methods for twin study, longitudinal and mediation analyses. A 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis for potential causal inference was also performed. Important factors including socio-economic status were controlled. RESULTS Early-initiated long-standing childhood RfP (early RfP) was highly positively correlated with performance on cognitive tests and significantly negatively correlated with mental health problem scores of young adolescents. These participants with higher early RfP scores exhibited moderately larger total brain cortical areas and volumes, with increased regions including the temporal, frontal, insula, supramarginal; left angular, para-hippocampal; right middle-occipital, anterior-cingulate, orbital areas; and subcortical ventral-diencephalon and thalamus. These brain structures were significantly related to their cognitive and mental health scores, and displayed significant mediation effects. Early RfP was longitudinally associated with higher crystallized cognition and lower attention symptoms at follow-up. Approximately 12 h/week of youth regular RfP was cognitively optimal. We further observed a moderately significant heritability of early RfP, with considerable contribution from environments. MR analysis revealed beneficial causal associations of early RfP with adult cognitive performance and left superior temporal structure. CONCLUSIONS These findings, for the first time, revealed the important relationships of early RfP with subsequent brain and cognitive development and mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jun Sun
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Barbara J Sahakian
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christelle Langley
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anyi Yang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchao Jiang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingming Zhao
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhe Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
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Rodriguez-Thompson AM, Miller AB, Wade M, Meyer KN, Machlin L, Bonar AS, Patel KK, Giletta M, Hastings PD, Nock MK, Rudolph KD, Slavich GM, Prinstein MJ, Sheridan MA. Neural Correlates of the p Factor in Adolescence: Cognitive Control With and Without Enhanced Positive Affective Demands. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:30-40. [PMID: 37062361 PMCID: PMC10576014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research has aimed to characterize processes underlying general liability toward psychopathology, termed the p factor. Given previous research linking the p factor with difficulties in both executive functioning and affective regulation, the present study investigated nonaffective and positive affective inhibition in the context of a sustained attention/inhibition paradigm in adolescents exhibiting mild to severe psychopathology. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected during an integrated reward conditioning and go/no-go task in 138 adolescents assigned female at birth. We modeled the p factor using hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis. Positive affective inhibition was measured by examining responses to no-go stimuli with a history of reward conditioning. We examined associations between p factor scores and neural function and behavioral performance. RESULTS Consistent with nonaffective executive function as a primary risk factor, p factor scores were associated with worse behavioral performance and hypoactivation in the left superior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus during response initiation (go trials). The p factor scores were additionally associated with increased error-related signaling in the temporal cortex during incorrect no-go trials. CONCLUSIONS During adolescence, a period characterized by heightened risk for emergent psychopathology, we observed unique associations between p factor scores and neural and behavioral indices of response initiation, which relies primarily on sustained attention. These findings suggest that shared variation in mental disorder categories is characterized in part by sustained attention deficits. While we did not find evidence that the p factor was associated with inhibition in this study, this observation is consistent with our hypothesis that the p factor would be related to nonaffective control processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs M Rodriguez-Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - Adam Bryant Miller
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Mental Health Risk and Resilience Research Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Mark Wade
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristin N Meyer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Laura Machlin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Adrienne S Bonar
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kinjal K Patel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matteo Giletta
- Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul D Hastings
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Matthew K Nock
- Psychology Department and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Karen D Rudolph
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - George M Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Margaret A Sheridan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Mathews B, Finkelhor D, Pacella R, Scott JG, Higgins DJ, Meinck F, Erskine HE, Thomas HJ, Lawrence D, Malacova E, Haslam DM, Collin-Vézina D. Child sexual abuse by different classes and types of perpetrator: Prevalence and trends from an Australian national survey. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 147:106562. [PMID: 38061281 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little evidence exists about the prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) inflicted by different relational classes of perpetrators (e.g., parents; institutional adults; adolescents), and by individual types of perpetrators (e.g., fathers and male relatives; male teachers and male clergy; known and unknown adolescents). OBJECTIVE To generate evidence of the prevalence of CSA by different perpetrators, and trends by victim gender and age group. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The Australian Child Maltreatment Study collected information about CSA victimisation from a nationally-representative sample of 8503 individuals aged 16 and over. METHODS We analysed data about 42 perpetrator types, collapsed into eight classes. We generated national prevalence estimates of CSA inflicted by each perpetrator class and individual perpetrator type, and compared results by victim gender and age group. RESULTS Australian CSA prevalence was 28.5%, with the following prevalence by perpetrator classes: other known adolescents (non-romantic): 10.0%; parents/caregivers in the home: 7.8%; other known adults: 7.5%; unknown adults: 4.9%; adolescents (current/former romantic partners): 2.5%; institutional caregivers: 2.0%; siblings: 1.6%; unknown adolescents: 1.4%. Women experienced more CSA by all perpetrator classes except institutional caregivers. Age group comparison showed significant declines in CSA by parents/caregivers, and other known adults; and increases in CSA by adolescents (current/former romantic partners). Individual perpetrator type comparison showed declines in CSA by fathers, male relatives living in the home, non-resident male relatives, and other known male adults; and increases in CSA by known male adolescents, current boyfriends, and former boyfriends. CONCLUSIONS CSA by adults has declined, indicating positive impacts of prevention efforts. However, CSA by adolescents has increased. Further declines in CSA by adults are required and possible. Targeted prevention of CSA by adolescents must be prioritised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Mathews
- School of Law, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Law Research, School of Law, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Australia; Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
| | - David Finkelhor
- Crimes Against Children Research Center, Department of Sociology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Rosana Pacella
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, United Kingdom
| | - James G Scott
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Australia; QIMR Berghofer, Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daryl J Higgins
- Institute of Child Protection Studies, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Franziska Meinck
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; OPTENTIA, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Holly E Erskine
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Hannah J Thomas
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Australia; QIMR Berghofer, Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Eva Malacova
- QIMR Berghofer, Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Divna M Haslam
- School of Law, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Law Research, School of Law, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Australia; Parenting and Family Suppport Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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79
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Oyanadel C, Worrell FC, Pinto-Vigueras J, Betancur S, Véliz Tapia T, Au-Castro M, Peña-Reyes G, González-Loyola M, Peñate W. Time Balance and Family Functioning: The Role of Time Perspective in the Cohesion and Adaptability of Families with Adolescents. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 14:117-132. [PMID: 38248128 PMCID: PMC10814982 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Family functioning, understood as cohesion and adaptability, is critical in families with adolescent children, given the changes that this stage implies at the family level. Time perspective is one variable that can facilitate better family functioning through the way people give meaning to the process they live. In this study, we examined the relationship between family functioning and the time perspective of adolescent children's parents. The FACES IV and ZTPI were administered to 276 parents of adolescents. Regression analyses indicated that the past positive, past negative, and future scores predicted family cohesion and adaptability, explaining at least 20% of the variance. Balanced families, with greater cohesion and adaptability, presented a higher level of past positive and future-oriented temporal perspectives, compared to unbalanced families, which presented a greater orientation to the past negative and deviated from the balanced temporal profile. The importance of considering the inter-relationship between family functioning and time perspective was discussed, considering its impact on the health and well-being of families with adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Oyanadel
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (J.P.-V.); (S.B.); (T.V.T.); (M.A.-C.); (G.P.-R.); (M.G.-L.)
- Berkeley School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1670, USA;
| | - Frank C. Worrell
- Berkeley School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1670, USA;
| | - Jorge Pinto-Vigueras
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (J.P.-V.); (S.B.); (T.V.T.); (M.A.-C.); (G.P.-R.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Sara Betancur
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (J.P.-V.); (S.B.); (T.V.T.); (M.A.-C.); (G.P.-R.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Tamara Véliz Tapia
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (J.P.-V.); (S.B.); (T.V.T.); (M.A.-C.); (G.P.-R.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Marisol Au-Castro
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (J.P.-V.); (S.B.); (T.V.T.); (M.A.-C.); (G.P.-R.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Génesis Peña-Reyes
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (J.P.-V.); (S.B.); (T.V.T.); (M.A.-C.); (G.P.-R.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Melissa González-Loyola
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (J.P.-V.); (S.B.); (T.V.T.); (M.A.-C.); (G.P.-R.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Wenceslao Peñate
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain;
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van der Meulen M, Dobbelaar S, van Drunen L, Heunis S, van IJzendoorn MH, Blankenstein NE, Crone EA. Transitioning from childhood into adolescence: A comprehensive longitudinal behavioral and neuroimaging study on prosocial behavior and social inclusion. Neuroimage 2023; 284:120445. [PMID: 37939890 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acting prosocially and feeling socially included are important factors for developing social relations. However, little is known about the development of neural trajectories of prosocial behavior and social inclusion in the transition from middle childhood to early adolescence. In this pre-registered study, we investigated the development of prosocial behavior, social inclusion, and their neural mechanisms in a three-wave longitudinal design (ages 7-13 years; NT1 = 512; NT2 = 456; NT3 = 336). We used the Prosocial Cyberball Game, a ball tossing game in which one player is excluded, to measure prosocial compensating behavior. Prosocial compensating behavior showed a linear developmental increase, similar to parent-reported prosocial behavior, whereas parent-reported empathy showed a quadratic trajectory with highest levels in late childhood. On a neural level we found a peak in ventral striatum activity during prosocial compensating behavior. Neural activity during social inclusion showed quadratic age effects in anterior cingulate cortex, insula, striatum, and precuneus, and a linear increase in temporo-parietal junction. Finally, changes in prosocial compensating behavior were negatively associated with changes in ventral striatum and mPFC activity during social inclusion, indicating an important co-occurrence between development in brain and social behavior. Together these findings shed a light on the mechanisms underlying social development from childhood into adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara van der Meulen
- Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Dobbelaar
- Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Lina van Drunen
- Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Heunis
- Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Research Department of Clinical, Education and Health Psychology, UCL, University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Neeltje E Blankenstein
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline A Crone
- Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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81
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Matić I, Musil V. Subjective Well-Being and Self-Assessed Health of Adolescents: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:2853-2862. [PMID: 38131896 PMCID: PMC10742589 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13120197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the stability and predictors of subjective well-being and self-perceived health in adolescents over a two-year period, focusing on the importance of mental health in overall well-being. METHODS Participants in this longitudinal cohort study were surveyed at the ages of 15 (n = 441) and 17 (n = 354) through questionnaires. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Hierarchical regression was employed to investigate significant predictors of subjective well-being. The subjective well-being and self-perceived health dimensions showed a consistent level of stability throughout the two-year period of secondary education. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between well-being at the beginning and end of this education period. Furthermore, self-perceived health dimensions, particularly general health, vitality, and mental health, were positively associated with well-being at the end of secondary education, highlighting their role in overall subjective well-being. The regression analysis revealed that self-perceived health factors, notably "General health" and "Mental health", significantly predicted overall subjective well-being, enhancing the model's explanatory power beyond gender and economic status. Nevertheless, baseline subjective well-being has the strongest predictive effect on final well-being. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of psychological and health factors, particularly mental health, that affect the overall well-being of adolescents and emphasizes the need to focus on and improve these factors in order to improve subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivica Matić
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Musil
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Sweijen SW, Te Brinke LW, van de Groep S, Crone EA. Adolescents' trust and reciprocity toward friends, unknown peers, and community members. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:1422-1434. [PMID: 37731185 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Using a newly developed version of the Trust Game among 196 adolescents aged 11-20 years, this study examined whether adolescents distinguish between trust and reciprocity to unknown peers, friends, and community members. We also tested for effects of age, gender, and individual differences in attending to others' emotions, emotional support to friends, societal contributions, and institutional and interpersonal trust beliefs. Results indicated that adolescents showed the least trust and reciprocity to unknown peers, more to a community member, and most to friends. Reciprocity increased with age, and individual differences in societal contributions and interpersonal trust were positively related to trust and reciprocity. This study was the first to show that community members are a specific target in adolescents' social world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie W Sweijen
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lysanne W Te Brinke
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van de Groep
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline A Crone
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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83
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Carvalho CB, Arroz AM, Martins R, Costa R, Cordeiro F, Cabral JM. "Help Me Control My Impulses!": Adolescent Impulsivity and Its Negative Individual, Family, Peer, and Community Explanatory Factors. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2545-2558. [PMID: 37620682 PMCID: PMC10522498 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The literature shows that impulsivity, prevalent in adolescence, is negatively linked with a variety of psychosocial factors (e.g., positive interpersonal relationships, emotion regulation); however, there is limited research examining the relative contribution of multiple factors for this trait nor exploring how these factors influence the associations between impulsivity and risk-related outcomes. Drawing on multiple components of the unified theory of development (i.e., psychological variables, peers subsystem, community subsystem, family processes subsystem), this cross-sectional study aims to identify explanatory psychosocial variables (i.e., early memories of warmth and safeness, rational decision-making style, resilience, emotion regulation, coping, parental attachment, social group attachment, satisfaction with school and family-related variables) that are negatively related with impulsivity, in younger (13-15) and older (16-19 years) adolescents, and explore their moderating role in the associations between this trait and some risk-related outcomes (i.e., verbal aggression, anger, self-harm, other high-risk behaviors). A representative sample of 6894 adolescents (52.9% female) living in the Azores (Portugal), with ages ranging from 13 to 19 (M = 15.4), was used. Two stepwise multiple regressions, one for each age group, revealed that only emotion regulation, parental attachment, and social group attachment had a negative effect on impulsivity in both age groups; additionally, satisfaction with teachers also had this effect in younger adolescents. The first three variables weakened the positive associations between impulsivity and the risk-related outcomes. These results suggest that the psychological system and all subsystems of the social context measured play a relevant role in explaining adolescent impulsivity and that it may be reduced by promoting emotion regulation, positive parenting practices, healthier relationships with peers, and healthier relationships with teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Barreto Carvalho
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
- Cognitive and Behavioural Centre for Research and Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Moura Arroz
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group (cE3c/ABG); CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Raquel Martins
- Gaspar Frutuoso Foundation, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Costa
- Gaspar Frutuoso Foundation, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Filipa Cordeiro
- Gaspar Frutuoso Foundation, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Joana Moura Cabral
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- Cognitive and Behavioural Centre for Research and Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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84
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Miedzobrodzka E, van Hooff JC, Krabbendam L, Konijn EA. Desensitized gamers? Violent video game exposure and empathy for pain in adolescents - an ERP study. Soc Neurosci 2023; 18:365-381. [PMID: 37990996 PMCID: PMC10721224 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2023.2284999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
This Event-Related Potential (ERP) study aimed to test how habitual and short-term violent video game exposure (VVGE) may affect empathy for pain responses in adolescents. In a within-subjects design, boys (N = 56; aged 12-16 years) performed a pain judgment task before and immediately after playing a violent video game. In this task, participants judged whether photos of hands depicted on their screen were in a painful situation or not. While both the P3 and the LPP components were not related to habitual violent video game exposure, general exposure to antisocial media content predicted lower P3 amplitudes to painful pictures. Further, 40 min of violent gameplay did not affect the P3 responses; however, it temporarily decreased LPP responses to painful pictures, suggesting a modest short-term desensitization effect. However, this latter interpretation is limited by a strong LPP pain effect - a significant amplitude difference between painful and non-painful pictures - that remained present in the post-game condition. Such persistent LPP effect may relate to the notion that adolescents are still learning how to properly regulate their emotional reactions. This study contributes to the limited literature on violent video games' desensitization in adolescents' brains, opening new avenues for media violence research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Miedzobrodzka
- Department of Communication Science, Media Psychology Program, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology and Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna C. van Hooff
- College of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lydia Krabbendam
- Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology and Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elly A. Konijn
- Department of Communication Science, Media Psychology Program, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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85
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Jouriles EN, Sitton MJ, Rancher C, Jackson M, McDonald R. Associations of caregiver-adolescent conflict and caregiver emotional support with adolescent trauma symptoms and adjustment after sexual abuse. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 146:106488. [PMID: 37832247 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional support from a caregiver is believed to be important for reducing the likelihood of adolescent trauma symptoms and adjustment problems after sexual abuse. Conflict with a caregiver, another relational dynamic, is very common during adolescence, but little is known about how it might operate in tandem with emotional support to influence adolescent trauma symptoms and adjustment after sexual abuse. OBJECTIVE To better understand how caregiver emotional support and caregiver-adolescent conflict jointly contribute to adolescent trauma symptoms and adjustment after sexual abuse. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Participants were 477 adolescents (Mage = 13.59, SD = 1.77) and a non-offending caregiver presenting at a children's advocacy center. METHODS Adolescents completed measures of caregiver-adolescent conflict, caregiver emotional support, and their own trauma symptoms and adjustment. Caregivers completed a measure of adolescent adjustment. RESULTS Caregiver-adolescent conflict and caregiver emotional support each correlated in the expected direction with adolescent trauma symptoms and adjustment (conflict correlations ranged from 0.27 to 0.38, all p values ≤.001; support correlations ranged from -0.15 to -0.21, all p values ≤.01). Regression analyses, which simultaneously considered conflict and support, indicated that conflict related to adolescent trauma symptoms and each of the measures of adolescent adjustment, whereas caregiver emotional support contributed to caregiver reports of adolescent adjustment. Caregiver-adolescent conflict did not moderate any of the relations between caregiver emotional support and adolescent trauma symptoms or adjustment. CONCLUSIONS In the aftermath of sexual abuse, caregiver-adolescent conflict contributes to adolescent trauma symptoms and adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest N Jouriles
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750442, Dallas, TX 75275-0442, USA.
| | - Melissa J Sitton
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750442, Dallas, TX 75275-0442, USA
| | - Caitlin Rancher
- National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, 2nd Fl. IOP S., MSC861, Charleston, SC 29425-8610, USA
| | - Mindy Jackson
- Dallas Children's Advocacy Center, 5351 Samuell Blvd., Dallas, TX 75228, USA
| | - Renee McDonald
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750442, Dallas, TX 75275-0442, USA
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86
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Polack RG, Bronstein MV, Questel M, Edelman A, Vinogradov S, Kober H, Joormann J, Everaert J. Social interpretation inflexibility moderates emotional reactions to social situations in children and adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2352-2364. [PMID: 37466071 PMCID: PMC10796842 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Interpretation biases and inflexibility (i.e., difficulties revising interpretations) have been linked to increased internalizing symptoms. Although adolescence is a developmental period characterized by novel social situations and increased vulnerability to internalizing disorders, no studies have examined interpretation inflexibility in adolescents. Additionally, no studies (on adolescents or adults) have examined interpretation flexibility as a protective factor against adverse outcomes of interpersonal events. Using a novel task and a 28-day diary we examined relations among interpretation bias and inflexibility, internalizing symptoms, and negative interpersonal events in a sample of children and adolescents (N = 159, ages 9-18). At baseline, negative interpretation bias was positively correlated with social anxiety symptoms, and positive interpretation bias negatively correlated with social anxiety and depressive symptoms. Inflexible positive interpretations were correlated with higher social anxiety and depressive symptoms, while inflexible negative interpretations were correlated with higher social anxiety. Finally, interpretation inflexibility moderated daily associations between negative interpersonal events and depressive symptoms in daily life, such that higher inflexibility was associated with stronger associations between interpersonal events and subsequent depressive symptoms, potentially increasing depressive symptom instability. These results suggest that interpretation biases and inflexibility may act as both risk and protective factors for adolescent anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuma Gadassi Polack
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel-Aviv Yaffo Academic College, Tel-Aviv Yaffo, Israel
| | - Michael V. Bronstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marcia Questel
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Audrey Edelman
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sophia Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hedy Kober
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jutta Joormann
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jonas Everaert
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, KU Leuven, Belgium
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87
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Bravo A, Berger C, Ortega-Ruiz R, Romera EM. Trajectories of defending behaviors: Longitudinal association with normative and social adjustment and self-perceived popularity. J Sch Psychol 2023; 101:101252. [PMID: 37951667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2023.101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Defending the victim in bullying situations is a moral behavior that has received increasing attention in the literature. However, important questions about the development and maintenance of defending behaviors remain unanswered. The present study adopted a longitudinal design with two main goals: (a) identifying trajectories of change in individuals' defending behavior over time and (b) describing and comparing the initial levels and dynamics of change in normative and social adjustment and self-perceived popularity between the different defending trajectories. A total of 3303 students (49.8% girls; Wave 1 Mage = 12.61 years; SD = 1.47) participated in the study. Data were collected in four waves with self-report questionnaires. Using growth mixture modeling, we found four defending trajectories (84% stable-high, 5% decrease, 4% increase, and 7% stable-low). Growth mixture model multigroup and comparative analyses found that adolescents in the stable-high defending group exhibited the highest initial levels of normative adjustment (Mintercept = 5.47), social adjustment (Mintercept = 5.48), and self-perceived popularity (Mintercept = 5). Adolescents in the decrease defending group tended to reduce their normative adjustment over time (Mslope = -0.09), whereas the increase defending group increased their social adjustment (Mslope = 0.18) and self-perceived popularity (Mslope = -0.04). The stable-low defending group showed low and stable levels of normative adjustment (Mintercept = 5.01), social adjustment (Mintercept = 5.03), and self-perceived popularity (Mintercept = 4.4). These results indicate a strong association between normative and social adjustment and self-perceived popularity and involvement in defending behaviors. Bullying prevention programs could improve by adding a stronger focus on the development of classroom dynamics that promote adjusted behaviors and class-group cohesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bravo
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Córdoba, Avenue San Alberto Magno, s/n, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Christian Berger
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Campus San Joaquín, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Región Metropolitana, Chile.
| | - Rosario Ortega-Ruiz
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Córdoba, Avenue San Alberto Magno, s/n, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Eva M Romera
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Córdoba, Avenue San Alberto Magno, s/n, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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88
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Sweijen SW, van de Groep S, Te Brinke LW, Fuligni AJ, Crone EA. Neural Mechanisms Underlying Trust to Friends, Community Members, and Unknown Peers in Adolescence. J Cogn Neurosci 2023; 35:1936-1959. [PMID: 37713673 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Trust plays an important role during adolescence for developing social relations. Although prior developmental studies give us insight into adolescents' development of differentiation between close (e.g., friends) and unknown (e.g., unknown peers) targets in trust choices, less is known about the development of trust to societal targets (e.g., members of a community organization) and its underlying neural mechanisms. Using a modified version of the Trust Game, our preregistered fMRI study examined the underlying neural mechanisms of trust to close (friend), societal (community member), and unknown others (unknown peer) during adolescence in 106 participants (aged 12-23 years). Adolescents showed most trust to friends, less trust to community members, and the least trust to unknown peers. Neural results show that target differentiation in adolescents' trust behavior is associated with activity in social brain regions implicated during mentalizing, reward processing, and cognitive control. Recruitment of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and OFC was higher for closer targets (i.e., friend and community member). For the mPFC, this effect was most pronounced during no trust choices. Trust to friends was additionally associated with increased activity in the precuneus and bilateral temporal parietal junction. In contrast, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex were most active for trust to unknown peers. The mPFC showed increased activity with age and consistent relations with individual differences in feeling needed/useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie W Sweijen
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van de Groep
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lysanne W Te Brinke
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eveline A Crone
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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89
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Barth C, Crestol A, de Lange AMG, Galea LAM. Sex steroids and the female brain across the lifespan: insights into risk of depression and Alzheimer's disease. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2023; 11:926-941. [PMID: 37865102 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite widespread sex differences in prevalence and presentation of numerous illnesses affecting the human brain, there has been little focus on the effect of endocrine ageing. Most preclinical studies have focused on males only, and clinical studies often analyse data by covarying for sex, ignoring relevant differences between the sexes. This sex- (and gender)-neutral approach is biased and contributes to the absence of targeted treatments and services for all sexes (and genders). Female health has been historically understudied, with grave consequences for their wellbeing and health equity. In this Review, we spotlight female brain health across the lifespan by informing on the role of sex steroids, particularly oestradiol, on the female brain and on risk for diseases more prevalent in females, such as depression and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Barth
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Arielle Crestol
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G de Lange
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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90
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Raymaekers K, Moons P, Prikken S, Goossens E, Hilbrands R, Luyckx K. Comparing youth with and without type 1 diabetes on perceived parenting and peer functioning: a propensity weighting approach. J Behav Med 2023; 46:1032-1041. [PMID: 37450207 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The premise of this study was to gain more insight into whether type 1 diabetes (T1D) can impact how youth perceive parents and peers. To address limitations of previous observational studies comparing youth with T1D to control youth, propensity weighting was used to mimic a randomized controlled trial. A total of 558 youth with T1D and 426 control youth (14-26y) completed questionnaires on parental responsiveness, psychological control, overprotection, friend support, extreme peer orientation, and a host of background and psychological functioning variables. The groups were statistically weighted to become as comparable as possible except for disease status. The analysis plan and hypotheses were preregistered on the open science framework. Youth with T1D perceived their mothers to be more overprotective, perceived fewer friend support, and were less extremely oriented toward peers than control youth. There were no group differences for paternal overprotection and paternal and maternal responsiveness and psychological control. Mothers of youth with T1D seem at risk to practice overprotective parenting and clinicians could play an important role in making mothers aware of this risk. However, the absence of group differences for the maladaptive parenting dimension of psychological control and adaptive dimension of responsiveness are reassuring and testify to the resilient nature of youth with T1D and their families. Additionally, there is accumulating evidence that T1D could interfere with engaging in supportive friendships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Raymaekers
- KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Flanders, Belgium.
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Tiensestraat 102 - box 3717, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.
| | - Philip Moons
- KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Eva Goossens
- KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Koen Luyckx
- KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Rogers K, Ranganathan M, Kajula L, Lorraine Collins R, Livingston JA, Palermo T. The influence of gender-equitable attitudes on sexual behaviour among unmarried adolescents in rural Tanzania: a longitudinal study. Sex Reprod Health Matters 2023; 31:2260169. [PMID: 37850724 PMCID: PMC10586071 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2260169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PLAIN LANGUAGE STATEMENT Gender norms that centre men and disadvantage women create gender inequality, which can lead to risky sexual behaviour. This study examined how both community and individual attitudes toward gender norms influenced risky sexual behaviour in adolescents, and whether that influence was different between males and females. We found that higher gender-equitable attitudes were linked to increased odds of HIV testing in the last 12 months, and decreased odds of engaging in a sexual relationship with a much older partner. Individual high gender-equitable attitudes among girls were also linked to higher odds of them using condoms and contraceptives. Gender-equitable attitudes did not seem to influence early sexual debut, engagement in transactional sex, having multiple sexual partners at the same time, or the number of sexual partners a participant had in the last 12 months. Based on these findings, programming designed to increase gender-equitable attitudes might be helpful in increasing HIV testing and condom and contraceptive use, but it needs to involve the entire community, not just individual boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Rogers
- PhD Candidate, Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, SUNY, 330 Kimball Tower, Buffalo, NY14212, USA
| | - Meghna Ranganathan
- Assistant Professor, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lusajo Kajula
- Independent Consultant, UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - R. Lorraine Collins
- Associate Dean for Research, Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Tia Palermo
- Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Picci G, Ott LR, Penhale SH, Taylor BK, Johnson HJ, Willett MP, Okelberry HJ, Wang Y, Calhoun VD, Stephen JM, Wilson TW. Developmental changes in endogenous testosterone have sexually-dimorphic effects on spontaneous cortical dynamics. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6043-6054. [PMID: 37811842 PMCID: PMC10619376 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition from childhood to adolescence is associated with an influx of sex hormones, which not only facilitates physical and behavioral changes, but also dramatic changes in neural circuitry. While previous work has shown that pubertal hormones modulate structural and functional brain development, few of these studies have focused on the impact that such hormones have on spontaneous cortical activity, and whether these effects are modulated by sex during this critical developmental window. Herein, we examined the effect of endogenous testosterone on spontaneous cortical activity in 71 typically-developing youth (ages 10-17 years; 32 male). Participants completed a resting-state magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recording, structural MRI, and provided a saliva sample for hormone analysis. MEG data were source-reconstructed and the power within five canonical frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) was computed. The resulting power spectral density maps were analyzed via vertex-wise ANCOVAs to identify spatially specific effects of testosterone and sex by testosterone interactions, while covarying out age. We found robust sex differences in the modulatory effects of testosterone on spontaneous delta, beta, and gamma activity. These interactions were largely confined to frontal cortices and exhibited a stark switch in the directionality of the correlation from the low (delta) to high frequencies (beta/gamma). For example, in the delta band, greater testosterone related to lower relative power in prefrontal cortices in boys, while the reverse pattern was found for girls. These data suggest testosterone levels are uniquely related to the development of spontaneous cortical dynamics during adolescence, and such levels are associated with different developmental patterns in males and females within regions implicated in executive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Picci
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Lauren R. Ott
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Samantha H. Penhale
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Brittany K. Taylor
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Hallie J. Johnson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Madelyn P. Willett
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Hannah J. Okelberry
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Yu‐Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of TechnologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | | | - Tony W. Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- Department of Pharmacology & NeuroscienceCreighton UniversityOmahaNebraskaUSA
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93
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van Lieshout M, Scholtes-Bos W, van der Horst-Graat JM, van Holsteijn P, de Vries SI. Development of the Food Boost Challenge: A Participatory Action Research Approach to Enhance Vegetable and Fruit Consumption among Adolescents. Nutrients 2023; 15:4921. [PMID: 38068779 PMCID: PMC10708103 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevention of non-communicable diseases through, among other factors, increasing vegetables and fruit (V&F) intake is a cost-effective strategy for risk reduction but requires behavioral change. Such changes in adolescents benefit from their active involvement. The Food Boost Challenge (FBC) was developed using a participatory action research approach to enhance healthy eating behaviors, namely V&F products among adolescents. The FBC is an innovation process, involving adolescents, (peer) researchers, and food system partners, like non-governmental and commercial organizations. In 2021-2022, 34 partners provided both cash and in-kind contributions to join the FBC community. Phase 1 involved 200 students identifying barriers and drivers for consumption of F&V products among 1000 pre-vocational adolescents, aged 12-20 years. In phase 2, student teams submitted innovative ideas, resulting in 25 concepts fitting into ≥1 of 4 routes: (I) innovative technology for a healthy diet, (II) new food products/concepts for adolescents, (III) hotspots improving the F&V product experience, and (IV) new routes to market. In phase 3, consortia of adolescents, students, and partners were formed to develop 10 selected concepts into prototypes, and phase 4 offered teams a national platform. Results show that the FBC resonates with all stakeholders, generating valuable insights to increase F&V intake. Prototypes in all four routes have been developed. Additionally, other regions in the Netherlands have adopted the FBC approach. Overall, the FBC is an approach that transforms ideas into actionable measures and shows potential to be adapted to promote various healthy eating behaviors among school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machteld van Lieshout
- Research Group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, Centre of Expertise Health Innovation, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands; (W.S.-B.); (S.I.d.V.)
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Health, Nutrition & Sports, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy Scholtes-Bos
- Research Group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, Centre of Expertise Health Innovation, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands; (W.S.-B.); (S.I.d.V.)
- Medical Delta Living Lab VIT for Life, Medical Delta, 2629 JH Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sanne I. de Vries
- Research Group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, Centre of Expertise Health Innovation, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands; (W.S.-B.); (S.I.d.V.)
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, 2511 DP The Hague, The Netherlands
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94
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Slagter SK, Gradassi A, van Duijvenvoorde ACK, van den Bos W. Identifying who adolescents prefer as source of information within their social network. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20277. [PMID: 37985792 PMCID: PMC10662136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents are highly influenced by their peers within their social networks. This social influence can stem from both unsolicited peer pressure and the active search for guidance. While extensive research examined the mechanisms of peer pressure, little is known about who adolescents prefer as a source of information. To address this gap, we conducted two independent studies using a novel social search paradigm that allows participants to choose which social sources they wish to observe. In both studies, adolescents demonstrated a preference for their friends over non-friends, as well as for peers who were perceived as trustworthy. Across both studies, we found mixed evidence for the role of perceived popularity as a selection criterion. Notable, study 2 revealed the significance of "cool", "admirable" and "acting mean" as additional characteristics of preferred peers, traits that are often associated with elevated peer status. It also revealed an interest for peers perceived as being smart. These findings highlight the active role adolescents have in choosing social sources and emphasize the importance of multiple peer characteristics. Future research should investigate whether adolescents' interest in these types of peers is contingent upon specific social contexts, age groups, and peer cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarlett K Slagter
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1001 NK, The Netherlands.
| | - Andrea Gradassi
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1001 NK, The Netherlands
| | - Anna C K van Duijvenvoorde
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter van den Bos
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1001 NK, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Human Behavior, Berlin, Germany
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95
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Dai J, Jorgensen NA, Duell N, Capella J, Maza MT, Kwon SJ, Prinstein MJ, Lindquist KA, Telzer EH. Neural tracking of social hierarchies in adolescents' real-world social networks. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad064. [PMID: 37978845 PMCID: PMC10656574 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we combined sociometric nominations and neuroimaging techniques to examine adolescents' neural tracking of peers from their real-world social network that varied in social preferences and popularity. Adolescent participants from an entire school district (N = 873) completed peer sociometric nominations of their grade at school, and a subset of participants (N = 117, Mage = 13.59 years) completed a neuroimaging task in which they viewed peer faces from their social networks. We revealed two neural processes by which adolescents track social preference: (1) the fusiform face area, an important region for early visual perception and social categorization, simultaneously represented both peers high in social preference and low in social preference; (2) the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was differentially engaged in tracking peers high and low in social preference. No regions specifically tracked peers high in popularity and only the inferior parietal lobe, temporoparietal junction, midcingulate cortex and insula were involved in tracking unpopular peers. This is the first study to examine the neural circuits that support adolescents' perception of peer-based social networks. These findings identify the neural processes that allow youths to spontaneously keep track of peers' social value within their social network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Dai
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Nathan A Jorgensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Natasha Duell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Jimmy Capella
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Maria T Maza
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Seh-Joo Kwon
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Kristen A Lindquist
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
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96
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Xie S, Liu J, Hu Y, Liu W, Ma C, Jin S, Zhang L, Kang Y, Ding Y, Zhang X, Hu Z, Cheng W, Yang Z. A normative model of brain responses to social scenarios reflects the maturity of children and adolescents' social-emotional abilities. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad062. [PMID: 37930841 PMCID: PMC10649363 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid brain maturation in childhood and adolescence accompanies the development of socio-emotional functioning. However, it is unclear how the maturation of the neural activity drives the development of socio-emotional functioning and individual differences. This study aimed to reflect the age dependence of inter-individual differences in brain responses to socio-emotional scenarios and to develop naturalistic imaging indicators to assess the maturity of socio-emotional ability at the individual level. Using three independent naturalistic imaging datasets containing healthy participants (n = 111, 21 and 122), we found and validated that age-modulated inter-individual concordance of brain responses to socio-emotional movies in specific brain regions. The similarity of an individual's brain response to the average response of older participants was defined as response typicality, which predicted an individual's emotion regulation strategies in adolescence and theory of mind (ToM) in childhood. Its predictive power was not superseded by age, sex, cognitive performance or executive function. We further showed that the movie's valence and arousal ratings grounded the response typicality. The findings highlight that forming typical brain response patterns may be a neural phenotype underlying the maturation of socio-emotional ability. The proposed response typicality represents a neuroimaging approach to measure individuals' maturity of cognitive reappraisal and ToM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Changminghao Ma
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Shuyu Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yinzhi Kang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhishan Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wenhong Cheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100035, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China
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97
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Do QB, McKone KMP, Hamilton JL, Stone LB, Ladouceur CD, Silk JS. The link between adolescent girls' interpersonal emotion regulation with parents and peers and depressive symptoms: A real-time investigation. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37933501 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents often experience heightened socioemotional sensitivity warranting their use of regulatory strategies. Yet, little is known about how key socializing agents help regulate teens' negative emotions in daily life and implications for long-term adjustment. We examined adolescent girls' interpersonal emotion regulation (IER) with parents and peers in response to negative social interactions, defined as parent and peer involvement in the teen's enactment of emotion regulation strategies. We also tested associations between rates of daily parental and peer IER and depressive symptoms, concurrently and one year later. Adolescent girls (N = 112; Mage = 12.39) at temperamental risk for depressive disorders completed a 16-day ecological momentary assessment protocol measuring reactivity to negative social interactions, parental and peer IER, and current negative affect. Results indicated that adolescents used more adaptive strategies with peers and more maladaptive strategies with parents in daily life. Both parental and peer IER down-regulated negative affect, reflected by girls' decreased likelihood of experiencing continued negative affect. Higher proportions of parental adaptive IER predicted reduced depressive symptoms one year later. Findings suggest that both parents and peers effectively help adolescent girls down-regulate everyday negative emotions; however, parents may offer more enduring benefits for long-term adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quyen B Do
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Lindsey B Stone
- Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Cecile D Ladouceur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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98
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Romaniuk L, MacSweeney N, Atkinson K, Chan SWY, Barbu MC, Lawrie SM, Whalley HC. Striatal correlates of Bayesian beliefs in self-efficacy in adolescents and their relation to mood and autonomy: a pilot study. Cereb Cortex Commun 2023; 4:tgad020. [PMID: 38089939 PMCID: PMC10712445 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder often originates in adolescence and is associated with long-term functional impairment. Mechanistically characterizing this heterogeneous illness could provide important leads for optimizing treatment. Importantly, reward learning is known to be disrupted in depression. In this pilot fMRI study of 21 adolescents (16-20 years), we assessed how reward network disruption impacts specifically on Bayesian belief representations of self-efficacy (SE-B) and their associated uncertainty (SE-U), using a modified instrumental learning task probing activation induced by the opportunity to choose, and an optimal Hierarchical Gaussian Filter computational model. SE-U engaged caudate, nucleus accumbens (NAcc), precuneus, posterior parietal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFWE < 0.005). Sparse partial least squares analysis identified SE-U striatal activation as associating with one's sense of perceived choice and depressive symptoms, particularly anhedonia and negative feelings about oneself. As Bayesian uncertainty modulates belief flexibility and their capacity to steer future actions, this suggests that these striatal signals may be informative developmentally, longitudinally and in assessing response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Romaniuk
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5H, United Kingdom
| | - Niamh MacSweeney
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5H, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley Atkinson
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5H, United Kingdom
| | - Stella W Y Chan
- School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6ES, United Kingdom
| | - Miruna C Barbu
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5H, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5H, United Kingdom
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5H, United Kingdom
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99
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Hlayisi VG, Sekoto LV. Understanding identity construction among deaf adolescents and young adults: implications for the delivery of person and family-centered care in audiological rehabilitation. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2023; 4:1228116. [PMID: 38028156 PMCID: PMC10646389 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1228116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The provision of holistic person and family-centered care in the audiological rehabilitation of adolescents and young adults (AYA) requires in-depth consideration of identity construction. The purpose of this research study was to describe the lived experience of identity construction among deaf AYA. The thoughts, perceptions, and feelings of AYA on their identity and the processes underlying the construction of identity, with a focus on navigating disability, social relations and roles, community assimilation and self-perception were explored. Methods A qualitative interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted. Participants were a purposive sample of 5 AYA, aged 15 to 19 years. Participants had moderate to profound deafness and were enrolled in schools for the deaf where they partook in semi-structured phenomenological conversations, detailing their lived experiences with identity construction. Results The superordinate themes of creating a self-concept, belonging, stress and being deaf emerged from participants' narratives. Identity construction occurs concurrently at several levels. At the personal level, AYA create self-conceived ideals of who they are. At relational level, identity is fostered through person-to-person and person-to-group interactions. At societal level, AYA navigate inherent challenges with hearing impairment and their positionality as deaf individuals. Conclusions Understanding the nuances of identity construction gives insights for further research and highlights the self-ascribed identity domains and related psychosocial variables that appeal to person and family-centered care, uncovering opportunities and barriers to successful delivery. Findings have implications for the transitional care of deaf AYA that is responsive to their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera-Genevey Hlayisi
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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100
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Yang X, Zhen R, Liu Z, Wu X, Xu Y, Ma R, Zhou X. Bullying Victimization and Comorbid Patterns of PTSD and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents: Random Intercept Latent Transition Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2314-2327. [PMID: 37468821 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have examined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depressive symptoms in adolescents under the background of school bullying, but not their comorbidities and changes over time. This study used random intercept latent transition analysis (RI-LTA) to examine the transitions in comorbid patterns of PTSD and depressive symptoms among 815 adolescents (45.0% boys; Mage-baseline = 13.69, SD = 1.60), who reported their symptoms in a 3-year longitudinal study. Three comorbid patterns were found: low symptoms, predominantly PTSD symptoms, and symptoms of comorbidity. Among these patterns, five trends were found through 3 years: stable low symptoms, stable PTSD symptoms, improving symptoms, worsening symptoms, and an inverted-U pattern. Age, time that parents spend with their child, being an only child, family income and experiencing relational bullying were predictors of these transitions. These suggest that patterns of PTSD and depressive symptoms are heterogeneous and may change over time since trauma events. Developing targeted interventions based on underlying factors through distinct patterns and transitions may help us better optimize and utilize intervention resources to alleviate symptoms from bullying victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xima Yang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui Zhen
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yongyong Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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