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Huo Y, Chen J, Zhang A, Zhou C, Cao W. Roles of complement system in psychiatric disorders. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:1539-1545. [PMID: 38432883 PMCID: PMC10929894 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system, including more than 50 secretory proteins and membrane-bound proteins, and it contributes to the clearance of apoptotic cells and invading pathogens to limit inflammatory immune responses and maintaining brain homeostasis. Complement activity is strictly regulated to protect cells from random attacks or to prevent the deposition of complement proteins in physiological cases. However, overactivation or abnormal regulation of the complement cascade in the brain can lead to neuronal damage and brain dysfunction. Recent studies have pointed out that changes in complement molecules exist in patients with psychiatric diseases and play an important role in the occurrence and development of diseases by regulating the function of neurons and glial cells. Therefore, summarizing the latest research progress of complement system in psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, major depression, bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder can provide new ideas for preventing and controlling psychiatric diseases caused by abnormal activation of complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Huo
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Aomei Zhang
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Cuilan Zhou
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Wenyu Cao
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China.
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Gu X, Shen H, Zhu G, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Su F, Wang Z. Prognostic Model and Tumor Immune Microenvironment Analysis of Complement-Related Genes in Gastric Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4697-4711. [PMID: 37872955 PMCID: PMC10590588 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s422903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The complement system is integral to the innate and adaptive immune response, helping antibodies eliminate pathogens. However, the potential role of complement and its modulators in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Methods This study assessed the expression, frequency of somatic mutations, and copy number variations of complement family genes in GC derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Lasso and Cox regression analyses were conducted to develop a prognostic model based on the complement genes family, with the training and validation sets taken from the TCGA-GC cohort (n=371) and the International Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort (n=433), correspondingly. The nomogram assessment model was used to predict patient outcomes. Additionally, the link between immune checkpoints, immune cells, and the prognostic model was investigated. Results In contrast to patients at low risk, those at high risk had a less favorable outcome. The prognostic model-derived risk score was shown to serve as a prognostic marker of GC independently, as per the multivariate Cox analysis. Nomogram assessment showed that the model had high reliability for predicting the survival of patients with GC in the 1, 3, 5 years. Additionally, the risk score was positively linked to the expression of immune checkpoints, notably CTLA4, LAG3, PDCD1, and CD274, according to an analysis of immune processes. The core gene C5aR1 in the prognostic model was found to be upregulated in GC tissues in contrast to adjoining normal tissues, and patients with elevated expressed levels of C5aR1 had lower 10-year overall survival (OS) rates. Conclusion Our work reveals that complement genes are associated with the diversity and complexity of TME. The complement prognosis model help improves our understanding of TME infiltration characteristics and makes immunotherapeutic strategies more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Gu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghong Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangzheng Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zishu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
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Kuter DJ, Bussel JB, Ghanima W, Cooper N, Gernsheimer T, Lambert MP, Liebman HA, Tarantino MD, Lee M, Guo H, Daak A. Rilzabrutinib versus placebo in adults and adolescents with persistent or chronic immune thrombocytopenia: LUNA 3 phase III study. Ther Adv Hematol 2023; 14:20406207231205431. [PMID: 37869360 PMCID: PMC10585997 DOI: 10.1177/20406207231205431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by primarily autoantibody-mediated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production resulting in thrombocytopenia and an increased risk of bleeding. Other manifestations include increased risk of thrombosis and diminished quality of life. Current treatment approaches are directed toward lowering the rate of platelet destruction or stimulating platelet production to prevent bleeding. Rilzabrutinib is an oral, reversible, potent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor that was specifically designed to treat immune-mediated diseases and mediates its therapeutic effect through a dual mechanism of action: (1) inhibiting B-cell activation and (2) interrupting antibody-coated cell phagocytosis by Fc gamma receptor in spleen and liver. A 24-week dose-finding phase I/II study of rilzabrutinib in patients with ITP showed a 40% platelet response (⩾2 consecutive platelet counts of ⩾50 × 109/L and increase from baseline ⩾20 × 109/L without rescue medication use) and a well-tolerated safety profile with only grade 1/2 transient adverse events across dose levels. Objectives Assess the efficacy and safety of oral rilzabrutinib in adult and adolescent patients with persistent or chronic ITP. Design Rilzabrutinib 400 mg BID is being evaluated in the ongoing LUNA 3 multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study. Methods and analysis The primary endpoint is durable platelet response, defined as achieving platelet counts of ⩾50 × 109/L for at least two-thirds of ⩾8 available weekly scheduled platelet measurements during the last 12 weeks (including ⩾2 available measurements within the last 6 weeks) of the 24-week blinded treatment period in the absence of rescue therapy. Ethics Ethical guidelines and informed consent are followed. Discussion The LUNA 3 trial will further investigate rilzabrutinib's safety and efficacy in adult and adolescent patients, with the primary goal of addressing a major objective in treating patients with ITP: durability of platelet response. Trail Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04562766: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04562766; EU Clinical Trials Register EudraCT 2020-002063-60: https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2020-002063-60.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Kuter
- Hematology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Bartlett Hall 150, 140 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114-2603, USA
| | - James B. Bussel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Waleed Ghanima
- Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nichola Cooper
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Terry Gernsheimer
- University of Washington Medical Center and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michele P. Lambert
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Division of Hematology and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Howard A. Liebman
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael D. Tarantino
- The Bleeding and Clotting Disorders Institute, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
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Qin Q, Li Z, Zhang M, Dai Y, Li S, Wu H, Zhang Z, Chen P. Effects of melittin on production performance, antioxidant function, immune function, heat shock protein, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota in heat-stressed quails. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102713. [PMID: 37540950 PMCID: PMC10407909 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of melittin on production performance, antioxidant function, immune function, heat shock protein, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota of heat-stressed quails. A total of 120 (30-day-old) male quails were randomly divided into 3 groups. Each group consisted of 4 replicates with 10 birds per replicate. The ambient temperature of the control group (group W) was 24°C ± 2°C. The heat stress group (group WH) and the heat stress + melittin group (group WHA2) were subjected to heat stress for 4 h from 12:00 to 16:00 every day, and the temperature was 36°C ± 2°C for 10 d. The results showed that compared with the group W, heat stress significantly decreased growth performance, serum and liver antioxidative function, immune function, intestinal villus height (VH) and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (VH/CD), and cecal microbiota Chao and ACE index (P < 0.05). The crypt depth (CD) in the small intestine, and HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA levels in the heart, liver, spleen, and kidney were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Dietary melittin significantly increased growth performance, serum and liver antioxidative function, immune function, intestinal VH and VH/CD, and cecal microbiota Shannon index in heat-stressed quails (P < 0.05). Melittin significantly decreased small intestinal CD, and HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA levels in the viscera (P < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary melittin could have balanced the disorder of cecal microbiota caused by heat stress and increased the abundance and diversity of beneficial microbiota (e.g., Firmicutes were significantly increased). PICRUSt2 functional prediction revealed that most of the KEGG pathways with differential abundance caused by high temperature were related to metabolism, and melittin could have restored them close to normal levels. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the beneficial intestinal bacteria Anaerotruncus, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group_norank, Lachnospiraceae_unclassified, Shuttleworthia, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 increased by melittin were positively correlated with average daily feed intake, the average daily gain, serum and liver superoxide dismutase, IgG, IgA, bursa of Fabricius index, and ileum VH and VH/CD. In sum, our results demonstrate for the first time that dietary melittin could improve the adverse effects of heat stress on antioxidant function, immune function, heat shock protein, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota in quails, consequently improving their production performance under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China
| | - Zhili Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China
| | - Yaqi Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China
| | - Shuohan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China
| | - Haigang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China
| | - Zifu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China
| | - Peirong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province 464000, PR China.
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Podestà MA, Chun N. Role of complement in humoral immunity. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2023; 28:327-332. [PMID: 37582054 PMCID: PMC10530608 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) after solid organ transplantation remains an unsolved problem and leads to poor early and late patient outcomes. The complement system is a well recognized pathogenic mediator of AMR. Herein, we review the known molecular mechanisms of disease and results from ongoing clinical testing of complement inhibitors after solid organ transplant. RECENT FINDINGS Activation and regulation of the complement cascade is critical not only for the terminal effector function of donor-specific antibodies, but also for the regulation of T and B cell subsets to generate the antidonor humoral response. Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) have heterogenous features, as are their interactions with the complement system. Clinical testing of complement inhibitors in transplant patients have shown good safety profiles but mixed efficacy to date. SUMMARY The complement cascade is a critical mediator of AMR and clinical trials have shown early promising results. With the steady emergence of novel complement inhibitors and our greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms linking complement and AMR, there is greater optimism now for new prognostic and therapeutic tools to deploy in transplant patients with AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alfredo Podestà
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nicholas Chun
- Translational Transplant Research Center and Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY
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Huang RY, Tseng FY, Cheng CD, Van Dyke TE, Sung CE, You JJ, Weng PW, Shieh YS, Cheng WC. Complement components C3b and C4b as potential reliable site-specific diagnostic biomarkers for periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1020-1030. [PMID: 37462259 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the expression levels of C3b and C4b in human gingival tissue (GT) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and disease severity in human periodontitis and to determine whether C3b and C4b are significant site-specific complementary diagnostic markers for periodontitis. BACKGROUND A variety of biomarkers that have potential for informing diagnoses of periodontitis have been proposed. The complement components C3b and C4b were found to be positively correlated with disease severity. The therapeutic effect of targeting C3b and C4b on inflammatory bone loss in experimental periodontitis models has been studied. However, studies on the diagnostic potential of the gingival C3b and C4b expression levels for periodontitis are scarce. METHODS The expression levels of C3b and C4b in the GT and GCF were investigated via immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The correlation between the expression levels of C3b and C4b and disease severity with probing depth as well as the clinical attachment level were determined. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the C3b and C4b expression levels at the periodontitis sites, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, cut-off point, area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, and specificity were analyzed. RESULTS The expression levels of C3b and C4b in human GT and GCF were significantly positively correlated with periodontitis severity. The expression levels of combined C3b + C4b in the GT can significantly differentiate the disease status at the tissue level (p < .0001). Similarly, the expression levels of C3b + C4b in GCF can statistically distinguish periodontitis sites from healthy ones (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Locally deposited C3b and C4b were positively correlated with periodontitis severity and recognized as site-specific diagnostic biomarkers for clinicopathological features in periodontitis. The association between the C3b and C4b network and periodontitis may be further understood and provide a basis for the development of novel screening as well as diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Yeong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yi Tseng
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Dan Cheng
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas E Van Dyke
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cheng-En Sung
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Wei Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shing Shieh
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chien Cheng
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Nording H, Baron L, Lübken A, Emami H, von Esebeck J, Meusel M, Sadik C, Schanze N, Duerschmied D, Köhl J, Münch G, Langer HF. The Platelet Anaphylatoxin Receptor C5aR1 (CD88) Is a Promising Target for Modulating Vessel Growth in Response to Ischemia a. TH OPEN 2023; 7:e289-e293. [PMID: 37868192 PMCID: PMC10586890 DOI: 10.1055/a-2156-8048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Nording
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lasse Baron
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Antje Lübken
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hossein Emami
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jacob von Esebeck
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Moritz Meusel
- Medical Clinic II, University Hospital, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sadik
- Clinic for Dermatology, University of Lübeck, University Hospital, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nancy Schanze
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jörg Köhl
- ISEF, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Harald F. Langer
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
- Clinic for Dermatology, University of Lübeck, University Hospital, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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Pagovich OE, Crystal RG. Gene Therapy for Immunoglobulin E, Complement-Mediated, and Eosinophilic Disorders. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:986-1002. [PMID: 37672523 PMCID: PMC10616964 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E, complement, and eosinophils play an important role in host defense, but dysfunction of each of these components can lead to a variety of human disorders. In this review, we summarize how investigators have adapted gene therapy and antisense technology to modulate immunoglobulin E, complement, and/or eosinophil levels to treat these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odelya E. Pagovich
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ronald G. Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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Vavlukis A, Mladenovska K, Davalieva K, Vavlukis M, Dimovski A. Rosuvastatin effects on the HDL proteome in hyperlipidemic patients. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:363-384. [PMID: 37708957 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The advancements in proteomics have provided a better understanding of the functionality of apolipoproteins and lipoprotein-associated proteins, with the HDL lipoprotein fraction being the most studied. The focus of this study was to evaluate the HDL proteome in dyslipidemic subjects without an established cardiovascular disease, as well as to test whether rosuvastatin treatment alters the HDL proteome. Patients with primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia were assigned to 20 mg/day rosuvastatin and blood samples were drawn at study entry and after 12 weeks of treatment. A label-free LC-MS/MS protein profiling was conducted, coupled with bioinformatics analysis. Sixty-nine HDL proteins were identified, belonging to four main biological function clusters: lipid transport and metabolism; platelet activation, degranulation, and aggregation, wound response and wound healing; immune response; inflammatory and acute phase response. Five HDL proteins showed statistically significant differences in the abundance (Anova ≤ 0.05), before and after rosuvastatin treatment. Platelet factor 4 variant (PF4V1), Pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2 (PSG2), Profilin-1 (PFN1) and Keratin type II cytoskeletal 2 epidermal (KRT2) showed decreased expressions, while Integrin alpha-IIb (ITGA2B) showed an increased expression after treatment with rosuvastatin. The ELISA validation of PFN1 segregated the subjects into responders and non-responders, as PFN1 levels after rosuvastatin were shown to mostly depend on the subjects' inflammatory phenotype. Findings from this study introduce novel insights into the HDL proteome and statin pleiotropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vavlukis
- University Ss Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Skopje RN Macedonia
| | | | - Katarina Davalieva
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology "Georgi D. Efremov", 1000 Skopje RN Macedonia
| | - Marija Vavlukis
- University Ss Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Medicine, 1000 Skopje RN Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Dimovski
- University Ss Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Skopje RN Macedonia
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology "Georgi D. Efremov", 1000 Skopje RN Macedonia
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Van Damme KFA, Hoste L, Declercq J, De Leeuw E, Maes B, Martens L, Colman R, Browaeys R, Bosteels C, Verwaerde S, Vermeulen N, Lameire S, Debeuf N, Deckers J, Stordeur P, Depuydt P, Van Braeckel E, Vandekerckhove L, Guilliams M, Schetters STT, Haerynck F, Tavernier SJ, Lambrecht BN. A complement atlas identifies interleukin-6-dependent alternative pathway dysregulation as a key druggable feature of COVID-19. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadi0252. [PMID: 37611083 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in COVID-19 treatments, especially for the critically ill, require deeper understanding of the mechanisms driving disease pathology. The complement system is not only a crucial component of innate host defense but can also contribute to tissue injury. Although all complement pathways have been implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis, the upstream drivers and downstream effects on tissue injury remain poorly defined. We demonstrate that complement activation is primarily mediated by the alternative pathway, and we provide a comprehensive atlas of the complement alterations around the time of respiratory deterioration. Proteomic and single-cell sequencing mapping across cell types and tissues reveals a division of labor between lung epithelial, stromal, and myeloid cells in complement production, in addition to liver-derived factors. We identify IL-6 and STAT1/3 signaling as an upstream driver of complement responses, linking complement dysregulation to approved COVID-19 therapies. Furthermore, an exploratory proteomic study indicates that inhibition of complement C5 decreases epithelial damage and markers of disease severity. Collectively, these results support complement dysregulation as a key druggable feature of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel F A Van Damme
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Levi Hoste
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jozefien Declercq
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth De Leeuw
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bastiaan Maes
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Martens
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Roos Colman
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robin Browaeys
- Bioinformatics Expertise Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cédric Bosteels
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Respiratory Infection and Defense Lab, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Verwaerde
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nicky Vermeulen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sahine Lameire
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nincy Debeuf
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Deckers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Stordeur
- Belgian National Reference Center for the Complement System, Laboratory of Immunology, LHUB-ULB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pieter Depuydt
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Intensive Care Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Van Braeckel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Respiratory Infection and Defense Lab, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Linos Vandekerckhove
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium
- HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin Guilliams
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Sjoerd T T Schetters
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon J Tavernier
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Michailidou I, Fluiter K, Boziki M, Grigoriadis N, Baas F. Editorial: Complement in nervous system disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1268023. [PMID: 37614913 PMCID: PMC10442514 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1268023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iliana Michailidou
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kees Fluiter
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marina Boziki
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Frank Baas
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Pimenta-Lopes C, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Deber A, Egea-Cortés A, Valer JA, Alcalá A, Méndez-Lucas A, Esteve-Codina A, Rosa JL, Ventura F. Inhibition of C5AR1 impairs osteoclast mobilization and prevents bone loss. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2507-2523. [PMID: 37143324 PMCID: PMC10422003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related and chemotherapy-induced bone loss depends on cellular senescence and the cell secretory phenotype. However, the factors secreted in the senescent microenvironment that contribute to bone loss remain elusive. Here, we report a central role for the inflammatory alternative complement system in skeletal bone loss. Through transcriptomic analysis of bone samples, we identified complement factor D, a rate-limiting factor of the alternative pathway of complement, which is among the most responsive factors to chemotherapy or estrogen deficiency. We show that osteoblasts and osteocytes are major inducers of complement activation, while monocytes and osteoclasts are their primary targets. Genetic deletion of C5ar1, the receptor of the anaphylatoxin C5a, or treatment with a C5AR1 inhibitor reduced monocyte chemotaxis and osteoclast differentiation. Moreover, genetic deficiency or inhibition of C5AR1 partially prevented bone loss and osteoclastogenesis upon chemotherapy or ovariectomy. Altogether, these lines of evidence support the idea that inhibition of alternative complement pathways may have some therapeutic benefit in osteopenic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pimenta-Lopes
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alexandre Deber
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Andrea Egea-Cortés
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Antonio Valer
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Albert Alcalá
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Andrés Méndez-Lucas
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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Velazquez-Soto H, Groman-Lupa S, Cruz-Aguilar M, Salazar AL, Zenteno JC, Jimenez-Martinez MC. Exogenous CFH Modulates Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators to Prevent Oxidative Damage of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells with the At-Risk CFH Y402H Variant. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1540. [PMID: 37627535 PMCID: PMC10451625 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, progressive degenerative retinal disease. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells play an important role in the immune defense of the eye and their dysfunction leads to the progressive irreversible degeneration of photoreceptors. Genetic factors, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress have been implicated in AMD pathogenesis. Oxidative stress causes RPE injury, resulting in a chronic inflammatory response and cell death. The Y402H polymorphism in the complement factor H (CFH) protein is an important risk factor for AMD. However, the functional significance of CFH Y402H polymorphism remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of CFH in the pro-inflammatory response using an in vitro model of oxidative stress in the RPE with the at-risk CFH Y402H variant. ARPE-19 cells with the at-risk CFH Y402H variant were highly susceptible to damage caused by oxidative stress, with increased levels of inflammatory mediators and pro-apoptotic factors that lead to cell death. Pretreatment of the ARPE-19 cell cultures with exogenous CFH prior to the induction of oxidative stress prevented damage and cell death. This protective effect may be related to the negative regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CFH contributes to cell homeostasis and is required to modulate the pro-inflammatory cytokine response under oxidative stress in the ARPE-19 cells with the at-risk CFH Y402H variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Velazquez-Soto
- Department of Immunology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (H.V.-S.)
| | - Sergio Groman-Lupa
- Department of Immunology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (H.V.-S.)
| | - Marisa Cruz-Aguilar
- Department of Immunology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (H.V.-S.)
| | - Alberto L. Salazar
- Department of Immunology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (H.V.-S.)
| | - Juan C. Zenteno
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Maria C. Jimenez-Martinez
- Department of Immunology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (H.V.-S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Askarian F, Tsai CM, Cordara G, Zurich RH, Bjånes E, Golten O, Vinther Sørensen H, Kousha A, Meier A, Chikwati E, Bruun JA, Ludviksen JA, Choudhury B, Trieu D, Davis S, Edvardsen PKT, Mollnes TE, Liu GY, Krengel U, Conrad DJ, Vaaje-Kolstad G, Nizet V. Immunization with lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase CbpD induces protective immunity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301538120. [PMID: 37459522 PMCID: PMC10372616 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301538120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) CbpD belongs to the lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), a family of enzymes that cleave chitin or related polysaccharides. Here, we demonstrate a virulence role of CbpD in PA pneumonia linked to impairment of host complement function and opsonophagocytic clearance. Following intratracheal challenge, a PA ΔCbpD mutant was more easily cleared and produced less mortality than the wild-type parent strain. The x-ray crystal structure of the CbpD LPMO domain was solved to subatomic resolution (0.75Å) and its two additional domains modeled by small-angle X-ray scattering and Alphafold2 machine-learning algorithms, allowing structure-based immune epitope mapping. Immunization of naive mice with recombinant CbpD generated high IgG antibody titers that promoted human neutrophil opsonophagocytic killing, neutralized enzymatic activity, and protected against lethal PA pneumonia and sepsis. IgG antibodies generated against full-length CbpD or its noncatalytic M2+CBM73 domains were opsonic and protective, even in previously PA-exposed mice, while antibodies targeting the AA10 domain were not. Preexisting antibodies in PA-colonized cystic fibrosis patients primarily target the CbpD AA10 catalytic domain. Further exploration of LPMO family proteins, present across many clinically important and antibiotic-resistant human pathogens, may yield novel and effective vaccine antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Askarian
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Chih-Ming Tsai
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | | | - Raymond H. Zurich
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Elisabet Bjånes
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Ole Golten
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432Ås, Norway
| | | | - Armin Kousha
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Angela Meier
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Elvis Chikwati
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432Ås, Norway
| | - Jack-Ansgar Bruun
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Medical Biology, The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Biswa Choudhury
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Desmond Trieu
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
- School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Stanley Davis
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | | | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, N-8005Bodø, Norway
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo Hospital, N-0424Oslo, Norway
- Center of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491Trondheim, Norway
| | - George Y. Liu
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Ute Krengel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315Oslo, Norway
| | - Douglas J. Conrad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Gustav Vaaje-Kolstad
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432Ås, Norway
| | - Victor Nizet
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
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Gao H, Wang K, Suarez JA, Jin Z, Rocha KCE, Zhang D, Farrell A, Truong T, Tekin Y, Tan B, Jung HS, Kempf J, Mahata SK, Dillmann WH, Suarez J, Ying W. Gut lumen-leaked microbial DNA causes myocardial inflammation and impairs cardiac contractility in ageing mouse heart. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216344. [PMID: 37520546 PMCID: PMC10373503 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates the critical roles of microbiota in mediating host cardiac functions in ageing, however, the mechanisms underlying the communications between microbiota and cardiac cells during the ageing process have not been fully elucidated. Bacterial DNA was enriched in the cardiomyocytes of both ageing humans and mice. Antibiotic treatment remarkably reduced bacterial DNA abundance in ageing mice. Gut microbial DNA containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) were readily leaked into the bloodstream and infiltrated into cardiomyocytes in ageing mice, causing cardiac microbial DNA enrichment. Vsig4+ macrophages efficiently block the spread of gut mEVs whereas Vsig4+ cell population was greatly decreased in ageing mice. Gut mEV treatment resulted in cardiac inflammation and a reduction in cardiac contractility in young Vsig4-/- mice. Microbial DNA depletion attenuated the pathogenic effects of gut mEVs. cGAS/STING signaling is critical for the effects of microbial DNA. Restoring Vsig4+ macrophage population in ageing WT mice reduced cardiac microbial DNA abundance and inflammation and improved heart contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jorge A. Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Karina Cunha e Rocha
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Andrea Farrell
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tyler Truong
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yasemin Tekin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Breanna Tan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hyun Suh Jung
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Julia Kempf
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Zhao F, Bai Y, Xiang X, Pang X. The role of fibromodulin in inflammatory responses and diseases associated with inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191787. [PMID: 37483637 PMCID: PMC10360182 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an immune response that the host organism eliminates threats from foreign objects or endogenous signals. It plays a key role in the progression, prognosis as well as therapy of diseases. Chronic inflammatory diseases have been regarded as the main cause of death worldwide at present, which greatly affect a vast number of individuals, producing economic and social burdens. Thus, developing drugs targeting inflammation has become necessary and attractive in the world. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) exhibit essential roles in various inflammatory responses by acting as an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory role in different scenarios of diseases. Of particular interest was a well-studied member, termed fibromodulin (FMOD), which has been largely explored in the role of inflammatory responses in inflammatory-related diseases. In this review, particular focus is given to the role of FMOD in inflammatory response including the relationship of FMOD with the complement system and immune cells, as well as the role of FMOD in the diseases associated with inflammation, such as skin wounding healing, osteoarthritis (OA), tendinopathy, atherosclerosis, and heart failure (HF). By conducting this review, we intend to gain insight into the role of FMOD in inflammation, which may open the way for the development of new anti-inflammation drugs in the scenarios of different inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerong Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Pang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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67
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Caillard P, Vigneau C, Halimi JM, Hazzan M, Thervet E, Heitz M, Juillard L, Audard V, Rabant M, Hertig A, Subra JF, Vuiblet V, Guerrot D, Tamain M, Essig M, Lobbedez T, Quemeneur T, Legendre M, Ganea A, Peraldi MN, Vrtovsnik F, Daroux M, Makdassi R, Choukroun G, Titeca-Beauport D. Prognostic value of complement serum C3 level and glomerular C3 deposits in anti-glomerular basement membrane disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1190394. [PMID: 37475859 PMCID: PMC10354545 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Activation of the complement system is involved in the pathogenesis of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease. Glomerular deposits of complement 3 (C3) are often detected on kidney biopsies. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the prognostic value of the serum C3 level and the presence of C3 glomerular deposits in patients with anti-GBM disease. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 150 single-positive patients with anti-GBM disease diagnosed between 1997 and 2017. Patients were categorized according to the serum C3 level (forming a low C3 (C3<1.23 g/L) and a high C3 (C3≥1.23 g/L) groups) and positivity for C3 glomerular staining (forming the C3+ and C3- groups). The main outcomes were kidney survival and patient survival. Results Of the 150 patients included, 89 (65%) were men. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] age was 45 [26-64]. At diagnosis, kidney involvement was characterized by a median [IQR] peak serum creatinine (SCr) level of 578 [298-977] µmol/L, and 106 (71%) patients required dialysis. Patients in the low C3 group (72 patients) had more severe kidney disease at presentation, as characterized by higher prevalences of oligoanuria, peak SCr ≥500 µmol/L (69%, vs. 53% in the high C3 group; p=0.03), nephrotic syndrome (42%, vs. 24%, respectively; p=0.02) and fibrous forms on the kidney biopsy (21%, vs. 8%, respectively; p=0.04). Similarly, we observed a negative association between the presence of C3 glomerular deposits (in 52 (41%) patients) and the prevalence of cellular forms (83%, vs. 58% in the C3- group; p=0.003) and acute tubulo-interstitial lesions (60%, vs. 36% in the C3- group; p=0.007). When considering patients not on dialysis at diagnosis, the kidney survival rate at 12 months was poorer in the C3+ group (50% [25-76], vs. 91% [78-100] in the C3- group; p=0.01), with a hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of 5.71 [1.13-28.85] (p=0.04, after adjusting for SCr). Conclusion In patients with anti-GBM disease, a low serum C3 level and the presence of C3 glomerular deposits were associated with more severe disease and histological kidney involvement at diagnosis. In patients not on dialysis at diagnosis, the presence of C3 deposits was associated with worse kidney survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Caillard
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- Mécanismes Physiopathologiques et Conséquences des Calcifications Cardiovasculaires (MP3CV) laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Santé (CURS), Amiens, France
| | - Cécile Vigneau
- Rennes University Hospital, Inserm, Ecole des hautes études en santé publique (EHESP), Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Halimi
- Department of Nephrology, Tours University Hospital and EA4245, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marc Hazzan
- Nephrology Department, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, UMR 995, Lille, France
| | - Eric Thervet
- Department of Nephrology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris and INSERM UMRS970, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Morgane Heitz
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Annecy Genevois Hospital, Pringy, France
| | - Laurent Juillard
- Department of Nephrology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Carmen INSERM 1060 and Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Audard
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Reference Center-Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome, Henri-Mondor Hospital/Albert-Chenevier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Créteil, INSERMU955, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Marion Rabant
- Pathology Department, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP). Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Hertig
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Foch Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Jean-François Subra
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital, Angers and Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), INSERM, Nantes University, Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Vuiblet
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Dominique Guerrot
- Department of Nephrology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen and INSERM, U1096 Rouen, France
| | - Mathilde Tamain
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Vichy Hospital, Vichy, France
| | - Marie Essig
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, Ambroise-Paré Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Thierry Lobbedez
- Department of Nephrology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France and the French Registry of Peritoneal Dialysis, Langue Française, Pontoise, France
| | - Thomas Quemeneur
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Valenciennes General Hospital, Valenciennes, France
| | - Mathieu Legendre
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | | | - Marie-Noëlle Peraldi
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - François Vrtovsnik
- Nephrology Department, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. Faculty of Medicine, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maïté Daroux
- Department of Nephrology, Duchenne Hospital, Boulogne-Sur-Mer, France
| | - Raïfah Makdassi
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Gabriel Choukroun
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- Mécanismes Physiopathologiques et Conséquences des Calcifications Cardiovasculaires (MP3CV) laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Santé (CURS), Amiens, France
| | - Dimitri Titeca-Beauport
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- Mécanismes Physiopathologiques et Conséquences des Calcifications Cardiovasculaires (MP3CV) laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Santé (CURS), Amiens, France
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Marcinkiewicz AL, Brangulis K, Dupuis AP, Hart TM, Zamba‐Campero M, Nowak TA, Stout JL, Akopjana I, Kazaks A, Bogans J, Ciota AT, Kraiczy P, Kolokotronis SO, Lin YP. Structural evolution of an immune evasion determinant shapes pathogen host tropism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301549120. [PMID: 37364114 PMCID: PMC10319004 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301549120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern infectious disease outbreaks often involve changes in host tropism, the preferential adaptation of pathogens to specific hosts. The Lyme disease-causing bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) is an ideal model to investigate the molecular mechanisms of host tropism, because different variants of these tick-transmitted bacteria are distinctly maintained in rodents or bird reservoir hosts. To survive in hosts and escape complement-mediated immune clearance, Bb produces the outer surface protein CspZ that binds the complement inhibitor factor H (FH) to facilitate bacterial dissemination in vertebrates. Despite high sequence conservation, CspZ variants differ in human FH-binding ability. Together with the FH polymorphisms between vertebrate hosts, these findings suggest that minor sequence variation in this bacterial outer surface protein may confer dramatic differences in host-specific, FH-binding-mediated infectivity. We tested this hypothesis by determining the crystal structure of the CspZ-human FH complex, and identifying minor variation localized in the FH-binding interface yielding bird and rodent FH-specific binding activity that impacts infectivity. Swapping the divergent region in the FH-binding interface between rodent- and bird-associated CspZ variants alters the ability to promote rodent- and bird-specific early-onset dissemination. We further linked these loops and respective host-specific, complement-dependent phenotypes with distinct CspZ phylogenetic lineages, elucidating evolutionary mechanisms driving host tropism emergence. Our multidisciplinary work provides a novel molecular basis for how a single, short protein motif could greatly modulate pathogen host tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L. Marcinkiewicz
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, RigaLV-1007, Latvia
| | - Alan P. Dupuis
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Thomas M. Hart
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
| | - Maxime Zamba‐Campero
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Tristan A. Nowak
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
| | - Jessica L. Stout
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
| | - Alexander T. Ciota
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
| | - Peter Kraiczy
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt60596, Germany
| | - Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY 11203-2098
- Institute for Genomics in Health, Brooklyn, NY11203-2098
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY11203-2098
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY11203-2098
| | - Yi-Pin Lin
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
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Lin J, Su MF, Zheng JL, Gu L, Wu HC, Wu X, Lin HY, Wu ZX, Li DL. Fas/FasL and Complement Activation are Associated with Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Hepatitis. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:540-549. [PMID: 36969885 PMCID: PMC10037519 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis (CAEBVH) is a rare and highly lethal disease characterized by hepatitis and hepatomegaly. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features and pathogenic mechanisms of CAEBVH. METHODS Ten patients with confirmed Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis infection were enrolled. The clinicopathological characteristics of these patients were summarized and analyzed. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect peripheral blood immune cell phenotypes and whole exome sequencing was used to explore pathogenic genetic mechanisms. Lastly, immunohistochemical staining was employed to verify pathogenic mechanisms. RESULTS Clinical features observed in all Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis patients included fever (7/10), splenomegaly (10/10), hepatomegaly (9/10), abnormal liver function (8/10), and CD8+ T cell lymphopenia (6/7). Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed lymphocytic infiltration in the liver. Positive Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA in-situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) of lymphocytes of liver tissues was noted. Whole exome sequencing indicated that cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the complement system were involved. The expression of CD8, Fas, FasL, and Caspase-8 expression as well as apoptotic markers was enhanced in the Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis group relative to the controls (p<0.05). Lastly, Complement 1q and complement 3d expression, were higher in CAEBVH patients relative to controls (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS CAEBVH patients developed fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Histopathological changes were a diffuse lymphocytic sinusoidal infiltrate with EBER-ISH positivity. Fas/FasL and complement activation were involved in CAEBVH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Miao-Fang Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiao-Long Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Cong Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Yan Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dong-Liang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Correspondence to: Dong-Liang Li, Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-8468. Tel/Fax: +86-591-2285-9128, E-mail:
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70
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Khan AH, Chowers I, Lotery AJ. Beyond the Complement Cascade: Insights into Systemic Immunosenescence and Inflammaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Current Barriers to Treatment. Cells 2023; 12:1708. [PMID: 37443742 PMCID: PMC10340338 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Landmark genetic studies have revealed the effect of complement biology and its regulation on the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Limited phase 3 clinical trial data showing a benefit of complement inhibition in AMD raises the prospect of more complex mediators at play. Substantial evidence supports the role of para-inflammation in maintaining homeostasis in the retina and choroid. With increasing age, a decline in immune system regulation, known as immunosenescence, has been shown to alter the equilibrium maintained by para-inflammation. The altered equilibrium results in chronic, sterile inflammation with aging, termed 'inflammaging', including in the retina and choroid. The chronic inflammatory state in AMD is complex, with contributions from cells of the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system, sometimes with overlapping features, and the interaction of their secretory products with retinal cells such as microglia and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), extracellular matrix and choroidal vascular endothelial cells. In this review, the chronic inflammatory state in AMD will be explored by immune cell type, with a discussion of factors that will need to be overcome in the development of curative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan H. Khan
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Southampton Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Itay Chowers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91121, Israel
| | - Andrew J. Lotery
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Southampton Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Desai JV, Kumar D, Freiwald T, Chauss D, Johnson MD, Abers MS, Steinbrink JM, Perfect JR, Alexander B, Matzaraki V, Snarr BD, Zarakas MA, Oikonomou V, Silva LM, Shivarathri R, Beltran E, Demontel LN, Wang L, Lim JK, Launder D, Conti HR, Swamydas M, McClain MT, Moutsopoulos NM, Kazemian M, Netea MG, Kumar V, Köhl J, Kemper C, Afzali B, Lionakis MS. C5a-licensed phagocytes drive sterilizing immunity during systemic fungal infection. Cell 2023; 186:2802-2822.e22. [PMID: 37220746 PMCID: PMC10330337 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Systemic candidiasis is a common, high-mortality, nosocomial fungal infection. Unexpectedly, it has emerged as a complication of anti-complement C5-targeted monoclonal antibody treatment, indicating a critical niche for C5 in antifungal immunity. We identified transcription of complement system genes as the top biological pathway induced in candidemic patients and as predictive of candidemia. Mechanistically, C5a-C5aR1 promoted fungal clearance and host survival in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis by stimulating phagocyte effector function and ERK- and AKT-dependent survival in infected tissues. C5ar1 ablation rewired macrophage metabolism downstream of mTOR, promoting their apoptosis and enhancing mortality through kidney injury. Besides hepatocyte-derived C5, local C5 produced intrinsically by phagocytes provided a key substrate for antifungal protection. Lower serum C5a concentrations or a C5 polymorphism that decreases leukocyte C5 expression correlated independently with poor patient outcomes. Thus, local, phagocyte-derived C5 production licenses phagocyte antimicrobial function and confers innate protection during systemic fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigar V Desai
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dhaneshwar Kumar
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Tilo Freiwald
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Chauss
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Michael S Abers
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie M Steinbrink
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John R Perfect
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barbara Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vasiliki Matzaraki
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Brendan D Snarr
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marissa A Zarakas
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vasileios Oikonomou
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lakmali M Silva
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Raju Shivarathri
- Center for Discovery & Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Emily Beltran
- Complement and Inflammation Research Section, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luciana Negro Demontel
- Complement and Inflammation Research Section, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luopin Wang
- Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dylan Launder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Heather R Conti
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Muthulekha Swamydas
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Micah T McClain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Niki M Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jörg Köhl
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Claudia Kemper
- Complement and Inflammation Research Section, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Behdad Afzali
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michail S Lionakis
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Huang JJ, Mao TJ, Zhang ZY, Feng G. Systemic evaluation of lymphocyte-bound C4d and immunoglobulins for diagnosis and activity monitoring of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Clin Biochem 2023:110600. [PMID: 37343744 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of lymphocyte-bound C4d (LB-C4d: T-C4d, B-C4d) and immunoglobulins (LB-Igs: T-IgG, T-IgM, B-κ and B-λ) in the diagnosis and monitoring of SLE. DESIGN & METHODS The levels of C4d and Igs on peripheral lymphocytes were measured in 172 patients with SLE, 174 patients with other non-SLE inflammatory diseases and 100 healthy individuals. Immunobinding and blocking experiments were performed to characterize Igs from SLE patients to generate LB-C4d/Igs in vitro. Sixty-five patients with SLE were followed up longitudinally. Disease activity was assessed for each SLE patient. RESULTS Patients with SLE had the highest median LB-C4d/Igs levels. LB-C4d had a significant but weak positive association with LB-Igs, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.008 to 0.316. Anti-cardiolipin IgG and anti-β2GP1 IgG, but not C3 and C4, were found to be closely associated with LB-C4d/Igs formation, with correlations as high as 0.337. Compared to anti-dsDNA, LB-C4d performed better in SLE diagnosis, while B-κ and B-λ performed better in disease activity monitoring. CONCLUSIONS Both autoantibodies and receptors on lymphocytes contribute to LB-C4d/Igs formation. LB-C4d/Igs could be used as reliable indicators for SLE diagnosis and activity monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Huang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Tong-Jun Mao
- Department of Rheumatology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Clinical Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
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Kuhn MB, VandenBerg HS, Reynolds AJ, Carson MD, Warner AJ, LaRue AC, Novince CM, Hathaway-Schrader JD. C3a-C3aR signaling is a novel modulator of skeletal homeostasis. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101662. [PMID: 36860797 PMCID: PMC9969257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoimmune studies have identified complement signaling as an important regulator of the skeleton. Specifically, complement anaphylatoxin receptors (i.e., C3aR, C5aR) are expressed on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, implying that C3a and/or C5a may be candidate mediators of skeletal homeostasis. The study aimed to determine how complement signaling influences bone modeling/remodeling in the young skeleton. Female C57BL/6J C3aR-/-C5aR-/- vs. wildtype and C3aR-/- vs. wildtype mice were examined at age 10 weeks. Trabecular and cortical bone parameters were analyzed by micro-CT. In situ osteoblast and osteoclast outcomes were determined by histomorphometry. Osteoblast and osteoclast precursors were assessed in vitro. C3aR-/-C5aR-/- mice displayed an increased trabecular bone phenotype at age 10 weeks. In vitro studies revealed C3aR-/-C5aR-/- vs. wildtype cultures had less bone-resorbing osteoclasts and increased bone-forming osteoblasts, which were validated in vivo. To determine whether C3aR alone was critical for the enhanced skeletal outcomes, wildtype vs. C3aR-/- mice were evaluated for osseous tissue outcomes. Paralleling skeletal findings in C3aR-/-C5aR-/- mice, C3aR-/- vs. wildtype mice had an enhanced trabecular bone volume fraction, which was attributed to increased trabecular number. There was elevated osteoblast activity and suppressed osteoclastic cells in C3aR-/- vs. wildtype mice. Furthermore, primary osteoblasts derived from wildtype mice were stimulated with exogenous C3a, which more profoundly upregulated C3ar1 and the pro-osteoclastic chemokine Cxcl1. This study introduces the C3a/C3aR signaling axis as a novel regulator of the young skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan B. Kuhn
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Hayden S. VandenBerg
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Andrew J. Reynolds
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Matthew D. Carson
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Stomatology-Div. of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics-Div. of Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Amy J. Warner
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Stomatology-Div. of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics-Div. of Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Amanda C. LaRue
- Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Chad M. Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Stomatology-Div. of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics-Div. of Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Stomatology-Div. of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Jeon Y, Chow SH, Stuart I, Weir A, Yeung AT, Hale C, Sridhar S, Dougan G, Vince JE, Naderer T. FBXO11 governs macrophage cell death and inflammation in response to bacterial toxins. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201735. [PMID: 36977592 PMCID: PMC10053445 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes severe infections such as pneumonia and sepsis depending on the pore-forming toxin Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). PVL kills and induces inflammation in macrophages and other myeloid cells by interacting with the human cell surface receptor, complement 5a receptor 1 (C5aR1). C5aR1 expression is tighly regulated and may thus modulate PVL activity, although the mechanisms involved remain incompletely understood. Here, we used a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen and identified F-box protein 11 (FBXO11), an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex member, to promote PVL toxicity. Genetic deletion of FBXO11 reduced the expression of C5aR1 at the mRNA level, whereas ectopic expression of C5aR1 in FBXO11-/- macrophages, or priming with LPS, restored C5aR1 expression and thereby PVL toxicity. In addition to promoting PVL-mediated killing, FBXO11 dampens secretion of IL-1β after NLRP3 activation in response to bacterial toxins by reducing mRNA levels in a BCL-6-dependent and BCL-6-independent manner. Overall, these findings highlight that FBXO11 regulates C5aR1 and IL-1β expression and controls macrophage cell death and inflammation following PVL exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusun Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Seong H Chow
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Isabella Stuart
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ashley Weir
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Amy Ty Yeung
- The Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christine Hale
- The Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sushmita Sridhar
- The Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gordon Dougan
- The Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James E Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thomas Naderer
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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75
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Nandakumar M, Lundberg M, Carlsson F, Råberg L. Balancing selection on the complement system of a wild rodent. BMC Ecol Evol 2023; 23:21. [PMID: 37231383 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-023-02122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selection pressure exerted by pathogens can influence patterns of genetic diversity in the host. In the immune system especially, numerous genes encode proteins involved in antagonistic interactions with pathogens, paving the way for coevolution that results in increased genetic diversity as a consequence of balancing selection. The complement system is a key component of innate immunity. Many complement proteins interact directly with pathogens, either by recognising pathogen molecules for complement activation, or by serving as targets of pathogen immune evasion mechanisms. Complement genes can therefore be expected to be important targets of pathogen-mediated balancing selection, but analyses of such selection on this part of the immune system have been limited. RESULTS Using a population sample of whole-genome resequencing data from wild bank voles (n = 31), we estimated the extent of genetic diversity and tested for signatures of balancing selection in multiple complement genes (n = 44). Complement genes showed higher values of standardised β (a statistic expected to be high under balancing selection) than the genome-wide average of protein coding genes. One complement gene, FCNA, a pattern recognition molecule that interacts directly with pathogens, was found to have a signature of balancing selection, as indicated by the Hudson-Kreitman-Aguadé test (HKA) test. Scans for localised signatures of balancing selection in this gene indicated that the target of balancing selection was found in exonic regions involved in ligand binding. CONCLUSION The present study adds to the growing evidence that balancing selection may be an important evolutionary force on components of the innate immune system. The identified target in the complement system typifies the expectation that balancing selection acts on genes encoding proteins involved in direct interactions with pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Lundberg
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Lars Råberg
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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76
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Franczak S, Ulrich H, Ratajczak MZ. Hematopoietic stem cells on the crossroad between purinergic signaling and innate immunity. Purinergic Signal 2023:10.1007/s11302-023-09943-0. [PMID: 37184740 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is regulated by several mediators such as peptide-based growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, whose biological effects have been studied for many years. However, several other mediators have been identified recently that affect the fate of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) as well as non-hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow microenvironment. These new mediators comprise members of purinergic signaling pathways and are active mediators of the soluble arm of innate immunity, the complement cascade (ComC). In this review, we will discuss the coordinated effects of these pathways in regulating the biology of HSPC. Importantly, both purinergic signaling and the ComC are activated in stress situations and interact with specific receptors expressed on HSPC. Evidence has accumulated indicating that some of the purinergic as well as ComC receptors could also be activated intracellularly by intrinsically expressed ligands. To support this recent evidence, our work indicates that the major mediator of purinergic signaling, adenosine triphosphate, and the cleavage product of the fifth component of the ComC (C5), C5a anaphylatoxin, can activate their corresponding receptors expressed on the outer mitochondrial membrane in an autocrine manner. We will also discuss recent evidence that these responses, mediated by purinergic signaling and the ComC network, are coordinated by activation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 - reactive oxygen species - NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome (Nox2-ROS-NLRP3) axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Franczak
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Veremeyko T, Jiang R, He M, Ponomarev ED. Complement C4-deficient mice have a high mortality rate during PTZ-induced epileptic seizures, which correlates with cognitive problems and the deficiency in the expression of Egr1 and other immediate early genes. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1170031. [PMID: 37234916 PMCID: PMC10206007 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1170031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement system plays an important role in the immune defense against pathogens; however, recent studies demonstrated an important role of complement subunits C1q, C4, and C3 in normal functions of the central nervous system (CNS) such as non-functional synapse elimination (synapse pruning), and during various neurologic pathologies. Humans have two forms of C4 protein encoded by C4A and C4B genes that share 99.5% homology, while mice have only one C4B gene that is functionally active in the complement cascade. Overexpression of the human C4A gene was shown to contribute to the development of schizophrenia by mediating extensive synapse pruning through the activation C1q-C4-C3 pathway, while C4B deficiency or low levels of C4B expression were shown to relate to the development of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders possibly via other mechanisms not related to synapse elimination. To investigate the potential role of C4B in neuronal functions not related to synapse pruning, we compared wildtype (WT) mice with C3- and C4B- deficient animals for their susceptibility to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)- induced epileptic seizures. We found that C4B (but not C3)-deficient mice were highly susceptible to convulsant and subconvulsant doses of PTZ when compared to WT controls. Further gene expression analysis revealed that in contrast to WT or C3-deficient animals, C4B-deficient mice failed to upregulate expressions of multiple immediate early genes (IEGs) Egrs1-4, c-Fos, c-Jus, FosB, Npas4, and Nur77 during epileptic seizures. Moreover, C4B-deficient mice had low levels of baseline expression of Egr1 on mRNA and protein levels, which was correlated with the cognitive problems of these animals. C4-deficient animals also failed to upregulate several genes downstream of IEGs such as BDNF and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF. Taken together, our study demonstrates a new role of C4B in the regulation of expression of IEGs and their downstream targets during CNS insults such as epileptic seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Veremeyko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Rongcai Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingliang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eugene D. Ponomarev
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Sandomenico A, Ruggiero A, Iaccarino E, Oliver A, Squeglia F, Moreira M, Esposito L, Ruvo M, Berisio R. Unveiling CD59-Antibody Interactions to Design Paratope-Mimicking Peptides for Complement Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108561. [PMID: 37239905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CD59 is an abundant immuno-regulatory human protein that protects cells from damage by inhibiting the complement system. CD59 inhibits the assembly of the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC), the bactericidal pore-forming toxin of the innate immune system. In addition, several pathogenic viruses, including HIV-1, escape complement-mediated virolysis by incorporating this complement inhibitor in their own viral envelope. This makes human pathogenic viruses, such as HIV-1, not neutralised by the complement in human fluids. CD59 is also overexpressed in several cancer cells to resist the complement attack. Consistent with its importance as a therapeutical target, CD59-targeting antibodies have been proven to be successful in hindering HIV-1 growth and counteracting the effect of complement inhibition by specific cancer cells. In this work, we make use of bioinformatics and computational tools to identify CD59 interactions with blocking antibodies and to describe molecular details of the paratope-epitope interface. Based on this information, we design and produce paratope-mimicking bicyclic peptides able to target CD59. Our results set the basis for the development of antibody-mimicking small molecules targeting CD59 with potential therapeutic interest as complement activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Sandomenico
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Ruggiero
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Oliver
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Flavia Squeglia
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Miguel Moreira
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciana Esposito
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rita Berisio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), I-80131 Napoli, Italy
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79
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Cell–scaffold interactions in tissue engineering for oral and craniofacial reconstruction. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:16-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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80
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Ghosh M, Rana S. The anaphylatoxin C5a: Structure, function, signaling, physiology, disease, and therapeutics. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110081. [PMID: 36989901 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is one of the oldest known tightly regulated host defense systems evolved for efficiently functioning cell-based immune systems and antibodies. Essentially, the complement system acts as a pivot between the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. The complement system collectively represents a cocktail of ∼50 cell-bound/soluble glycoproteins directly involved in controlling infection and inflammation. Activation of the complement cascade generates complement fragments like C3a, C4a, and C5a as anaphylatoxins. C5a is the most potent proinflammatory anaphylatoxin, which is involved in inflammatory signaling in a myriad of tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of human C5a in the context of its structure and signaling under several pathophysiological conditions, including the current and future therapeutic applications targeting C5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaswini Ghosh
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Soumendra Rana
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India.
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81
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Bruno V, Mühlig AK, Oh J, Licht C. New insights into the immune functions of podocytes: the role of complement. Mol Cell Pediatr 2023; 10:3. [PMID: 37059832 PMCID: PMC10104987 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-023-00157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocytes are differentiated epithelial cells which play an essential role to ensure a normal function of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). In addition to their adhesive properties in maintaining the integrity of the filtration barrier, they have other functions, such as synthesis of components of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), release of inflammatory proteins, and expression of complement components. They also participate in the glomerular crosstalk through multiple signalling pathways, including endothelin-1, VEGF, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), latent transforming growth factor β-binding protein 1 (LTBP1), and extracellular vesicles.Growing literature suggests that podocytes share many properties of innate and adaptive immunity, supporting a multifunctional role ensuring a healthy glomerulus. As consequence, the "immune podocyte" dysfunction is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of several glomerular diseases, referred to as "podocytopathies." Multiple factors like mechanical, oxidative, and/or immunologic stressors can induce cell injury. The complement system, as part of both innate and adaptive immunity, can also define podocyte damage by several mechanisms, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cytokine production, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, ultimately affecting the integrity of the cytoskeleton, with subsequent podocyte detachment from the GBM and onset of proteinuria.Interestingly, podocytes are found to be both source and target of complement-mediated injury. Podocytes express complement proteins which contribute to local complement activation. At the same time, they rely on several protective mechanisms to escape this damage. Podocytes express complement factor H (CFH), one of the main regulators of the complement cascade, as well as membrane-bound complement regulators like CD46 or membrane cofactor protein (MCP), CD55 or decay-accelerating factor (DAF), and CD59 or defensin. Further mechanisms, like autophagy or actin-based endocytosis, are also involved to ensure podocyte homeostasis and protection against injury.This review will provide an overview of the immune functions of podocytes and their response to immune-mediated injury, focusing on the pathogenic link between complement and podocyte damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bruno
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Katrin Mühlig
- University Children's Research@Kinder-UKE, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jun Oh
- University Children's Research@Kinder-UKE, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Licht
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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82
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Ratajczak MZ, Adamiak M, Abdelbaset-Ismail A, Bujko K, Thapa A, Chumak V, Franczak S, Brzezniakiewicz-Janus K, Ratajczak J, Kucia M. Intracellular complement (complosome) is expressed in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and regulates cell trafficking, metabolism and proliferation in an intracrine Nlrp3 inflammasome-dependent manner. Leukemia 2023:10.1038/s41375-023-01894-0. [PMID: 37055506 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Adamiak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kamila Bujko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arjun Thapa
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Vira Chumak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stephanie Franczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Janina Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Magdalena Kucia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
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83
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West EE, Kemper C. Complosome - the intracellular complement system. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023:10.1038/s41581-023-00704-1. [PMID: 37055581 PMCID: PMC10100629 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is a recognized pillar of host defence against infection and noxious self-derived antigens. Complement is traditionally known as a serum-effective system, whereby the liver expresses and secretes most complement components, which participate in the detection of bloodborne pathogens and drive an inflammatory reaction to safely remove the microbial or antigenic threat. However, perturbations in normal complement function can cause severe disease and, for reasons that are currently not fully understood, the kidney is particularly vulnerable to dysregulated complement activity. Novel insights into complement biology have identified cell-autonomous and intracellularly active complement - the complosome - as an unexpected central orchestrator of normal cell physiology. For example, the complosome controls mitochondrial activity, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, cell survival and gene regulation in innate and adaptive immune cells, and in non-immune cells, such as fibroblasts and endothelial and epithelial cells. These unanticipated complosome contributions to basic cell physiological pathways make it a novel and central player in the control of cell homeostasis and effector responses. This discovery, together with the realization that an increasing number of human diseases involve complement perturbations, has renewed interest in the complement system and its therapeutic targeting. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the complosome across healthy cells and tissues, highlight contributions from dysregulated complosome activities to human disease and discuss potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E West
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Complement and Inflammation Research Section (CIRS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Claudia Kemper
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Complement and Inflammation Research Section (CIRS), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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84
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Deer E, Herrock O, Campbell N, Cornelius D, Fitzgerald S, Amaral LM, LaMarca B. The role of immune cells and mediators in preeclampsia. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:257-270. [PMID: 36635411 PMCID: PMC10038936 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of major concern in pregnancy than can lead to intrauterine growth restriction, placental abruption and stillbirth. The pathophysiology of preeclampsia is multifactorial, including not only kidney dysfunction but also endothelial dysfunction, as the maternal endothelium becomes exposed to placental factors that are released into the circulation and increase systemic levels of vasoconstrictors, oxidative stress, anti-angiogenic factors and inflammatory mediators. Importantly, inflammation can lead to insufficient placental perfusion and low birthweight in offspring. Various innate and adaptive immune cells and mediators have been implicated in the development of preeclampsia, in which oxidative stress is associated with activation of the maternal inflammatory response. Immune cells such as regulatory T cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, and neutrophils are known to have major causative roles in the pathology of preeclampsia, but the contributions of additional immune cells such as B cells, inflammatory cytokines and anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor autoantibodies are also now recognized. Immunological interventions, therefore, have therapeutic potential in this disease. Here, we provide an overview of the immune responses that are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, including the role of innate and adaptive immune cells and mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangeline Deer
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Owen Herrock
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Nathan Campbell
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Denise Cornelius
- Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sarah Fitzgerald
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Lorena M Amaral
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
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Thapa A, Ratajczak J, Kucia M, Ratajczak MZ. External Liver-Derived Complement and Intrinsic Present in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Complosome Modulate Cell Metabolism and Response to Stress. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10533-1. [PMID: 36976465 PMCID: PMC10366307 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) express receptors for complement cascade (ComC) cleavage fragments C3a and C5a and may respond to inflammation-related cues by sensing pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) released by pathogens as well as non-infectious danger associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) or alarmin generated during stress/tissue damage sterile inflammation. To facilitate this HSPCs are equipped with C3a and C5a receptors, C3aR and C5aR, respectively, and express on the outer cell membrane and in cytosol pattern recognition receptors (PPRs) that sense PAMPs and DAMPs. Overall, danger-sensing mechanisms in HSPCs mimic those seen in immune cells, which should not surprise as hematopoiesis and the immune system develop from the same common stem cell precursor. This review will focus on the role of ComC-derived C3a and C5a that trigger nitric oxide synthetase-2 (Nox2) complex to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) that activate important cytosolic PRRs-Nlrp3 inflammasome, which orchestrates responsiveness of HSPCs to stress. Moreover, recent data indicate that in addition to circulating in peripheral blood (PB) activated liver-derived ComC proteins, a similar role plays ComC expressed and intrinsically activated in HSPCs known as "complosome". We postulate that ComC triggered Nox2-ROS-Nlrp3 inflammasome responses, if they occur within non-toxic to cells' "hormetic range of activation", positively regulate HSCs migration, metabolism, and proliferation. This sheds a new light on the immune-metabolic regulation of hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Thapa
- Stem Cell Program at Division of Hematology, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Janina Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Program at Division of Hematology, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Magdalena Kucia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Program at Division of Hematology, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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86
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Kumaraswamy M, Riestra A, Flores A, Uchiyama S, Dahesh S, Bondsäter G, Nilsson V, Chang M, Seo H, Sakoulas G, Nizet V. Unrecognized Potent Activities of Colistin Against Clinically Important mcr+ Enterobacteriaceae Revealed in Synergy with Host Immunity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.21.533661. [PMID: 36993410 PMCID: PMC10055327 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.21.533661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Colistin (COL) is a cationic cyclic peptide that disrupts negatively-charged bacterial cell membranes and frequently serves as an antibiotic of last resort to combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Emergence of the horizontally transferable plasmid-borne mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) determinant and its spread to Gram-negative strains harboring extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase resistance genes threatens futility of our chemotherapeutic arsenal. COL is widely regarded to have zero activity against mcr+ patients based on standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) performed in enriched bacteriological growth media; consequently, the drug is withheld from patients with mcr+ infections. However, these standard testing media poorly mimic in vivo physiology and omit host immune factors. Here we report previously unrecognized bactericidal activities of COL against mcr-1+ isolates of Escherichia coli (EC), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), and Salmonella enterica (SE) in standard tissue culture media containing the physiological buffer bicarbonate. Moreover, COL promoted serum complement deposition on the mcr-1+ Gram-negative bacterial surface and synergized potently with active human serum in pathogen killing. At COL concentrations readily achievable with standard dosing, the peptide antibiotic killed mcr-1+ EC, KP, and SE in freshly isolated human blood proved effective as monotherapy in a murine model of mcr-1+ EC bacteremia. Our results suggest that COL, currently ignored as a treatment option based on traditional AST, may in fact benefit patients with mcr-1+ Gram negative infections based on evaluations performed in a more physiologic context. These concepts warrant careful consideration in the clinical microbiology laboratory and for future clinical investigation of their merits in high risk patients with limited therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kumaraswamy
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Infectious Diseases Section, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Angelica Riestra
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anabel Flores
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Satoshi Uchiyama
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samira Dahesh
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gunnar Bondsäter
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Victoria Nilsson
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Melanie Chang
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hideya Seo
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - George Sakoulas
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sharp Rees Stealy Medical Group, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Victor Nizet
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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87
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Mortlock S, Lord A, Montgomery G, Zakrzewski M, Simms LA, Krishnaprasad K, Hanigan K, Doecke JD, Walsh A, Lawrance IC, Bampton PA, Andrews JM, Mahy G, Connor SJ, Sparrow MP, Bell S, Florin TH, Begun J, Gearry RB, Radford-Smith GL. An Extremes of Phenotype Approach Confirms Significant Genetic Heterogeneity in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:277-288. [PMID: 36111848 PMCID: PMC10024548 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Ulcerative colitis [UC] is a major form of inflammatory bowel disease globally. Phenotypic heterogeneity is defined by several variables including age of onset and disease extent. The genetics of disease severity remains poorly understood. To further investigate this, we performed a genome wide association [GWA] study using an extremes of phenotype strategy. METHODS We conducted GWA analyses in 311 patients with medically refractory UC [MRUC], 287 with non-medically refractory UC [non-MRUC] and 583 controls. Odds ratios [ORs] were calculated for known risk variants comparing MRUC and non-MRUC, and controls. RESULTS MRUC-control analysis had the greatest yield of genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] [2018], including lead SNP = rs111838972 [OR = 1.82, p = 6.28 × 10-9] near MMEL1 and a locus in the human leukocyte antigen [HLA] region [lead SNP = rs144717024, OR = 12.23, p = 1.7 × 10-19]. ORs for the lead SNPs were significantly higher in MRUC compared to non-MRUC [p < 9.0 × 10-6]. No SNPs reached significance in the non-MRUC-control analysis (top SNP, rs7680780 [OR 2.70, p = 5.56 × 10-8). We replicate findings for rs4151651 in the Complement Factor B [CFB] gene and demonstrate significant changes in CFB gene expression in active UC. Detailed HLA analyses support the strong associations with MHC II genes, particularly HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 in MRUC. CONCLUSIONS Our MRUC subgroup replicates multiple known UC risk variants in contrast to non-MRUC and demonstrates significant differences in effect sizes compared to those published. Non-MRUC cases demonstrate lower ORs similar to those published. Additional risk and prognostic loci may be identified by targeted recruitment of individuals with severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Mortlock
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anton Lord
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Grant Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Lisa A Simms
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - James D Doecke
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alissa Walsh
- Department of Gastroenterology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Ian C Lawrance
- Centre of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Saint John of God Hospital Subiaco, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | | | - Jane M Andrews
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital & University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gillian Mahy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan J Connor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Miles P Sparrow
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sally Bell
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy H Florin
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Group, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Inflammatory Disease Biology and Therapeutics Group, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Graham L Radford-Smith
- Corresponding author: Graham Radford-Smith, Gut Health Lab, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Tel: +617 3362 0499; Fax: +617 3009 0053;
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88
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Yang Z, Nicholson SE, Cancio TS, Cancio LC, Li Y. Complement as a vital nexus of the pathobiological connectome for acute respiratory distress syndrome: An emerging therapeutic target. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100461. [PMID: 37006238 PMCID: PMC10064147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathobiology is unchecked inflammation-driven diffuse alveolar damage and alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction. Currently, therapeutic interventions for ARDS remain largely limited to pulmonary-supportive strategies, and there is an unmet demand for pharmacologic therapies targeting the underlying pathology of ARDS in patients suffering from the illness. The complement cascade (ComC) plays an integral role in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. ComC activation can prime an overzealous cytokine storm and tissue/organ damage. The ARDS and acute lung injury (ALI) have an established relationship with early maladaptive ComC activation. In this review, we have collected evidence from the current studies linking ALI/ARDS with ComC dysregulation, focusing on elucidating the new emerging roles of the extracellular (canonical) and intracellular (non-canonical or complosome), ComC (complementome) in ALI/ARDS pathobiology, and highlighting complementome as a vital nexus of the pathobiological connectome for ALI/ARDS via its crosstalking with other systems of the immunome, DAMPome, PAMPome, coagulome, metabolome, and microbiome. We have also discussed the diagnostic/therapeutic potential and future direction of ALI/ARDS care with the ultimate goal of better defining mechanistic subtypes (endotypes and theratypes) through new methodologies in order to facilitate a more precise and effective complement-targeted therapy for treating these comorbidities. This information leads to support for a therapeutic anti-inflammatory strategy by targeting the ComC, where the arsenal of clinical-stage complement-specific drugs is available, especially for patients with ALI/ARDS due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangsheng Yang
- Combat Casualty Care Research Team (CRT) 3, United States (US) Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA)-Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States
| | - Susannah E. Nicholson
- Division of Trauma Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Tomas S. Cancio
- Combat Casualty Care Research Team (CRT) 3, United States (US) Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA)-Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States
| | - Leopoldo C. Cancio
- United States (US) Army Burn Center, United States (US) Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA)-Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yansong Li
- Division of Trauma Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- The Geneva Foundation, Immunological Damage Control Resuscitation Program, Tacoma, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yansong Li,
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89
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Patras L, Shaashua L, Matei I, Lyden D. Immune determinants of the pre-metastatic niche. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:546-572. [PMID: 36917952 PMCID: PMC10170403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary tumors actively and specifically prime pre-metastatic niches (PMNs), the future sites of organotropic metastasis, preparing these distant microenvironments for disseminated tumor cell arrival. While initial studies of the PMN focused on extracellular matrix alterations and stromal reprogramming, it is increasingly clear that the far-reaching effects of tumors are in great part achieved through systemic and local PMN immunosuppression. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment and provide a comprehensive overview of the immune determinants of the PMN's spatiotemporal evolution. Moreover, we depict the PMN immune landscape, based on functional pre-clinical studies as well as mounting clinical evidence, and the dynamic, reciprocal crosstalk with systemic changes imposed by cancer progression. Finally, we outline emerging therapeutic approaches that alter the dynamics of the interactions driving PMN formation and reverse immunosuppression programs in the PMN ensuring early anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Patras
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lee Shaashua
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irina Matei
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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90
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The Characteristics of Tumor Microenvironment Predict Survival and Response to Immunotherapy in Adrenocortical Carcinomas. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050755. [PMID: 36899891 PMCID: PMC10000893 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence confirms that tumor microenvironment (TME) can influence tumor progression and treatment, but TME is still understudied in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). In this study, we first scored TME using the xCell algorithm, then defined genes associated with TME, and then used consensus unsupervised clustering analysis to construct TME-related subtypes. Meanwhile, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to identify modules correlated with TME-related subtypes. Ultimately, the LASSO-Cox approach was used to establish a TME-related signature. The results showed that TME-related scores in ACC may not correlate with clinical features but do promote a better overall survival. Patients were classified into two TME-related subtypes. Subtype 2 had more immune signaling features, higher expression of immune checkpoints and MHC molecules, no CTNNB1 mutations, higher infiltration of macrophages and endothelial cells, lower tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion scores, and higher immunophenoscore, suggesting that subtype 2 may be more sensitive to immunotherapy. 231 modular genes highly relevant to TME-related subtypes were identified, and a 7-gene TME-related signature that independently predicted patient prognosis was established. Our study revealed an integrated role of TME in ACC and helped to identify those patients who really responded to immunotherapy, while providing new strategies on risk management and prognosis prediction.
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91
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Korkmaz FT, Traber KE. Innate immune responses in pneumonia. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2023; 15:4. [PMID: 36829255 PMCID: PMC9957695 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-023-00106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs are an immunologically unique environment; they are exposed to innumerable pathogens and particulate matter daily. Appropriate clearance of pathogens and response to pollutants is required to prevent overwhelming infection, while preventing tissue damage and maintaining efficient gas exchange. Broadly, the innate immune system is the collection of immediate, intrinsic immune responses to pathogen or tissue injury. In this review, we will examine the innate immune responses of the lung, with a particular focus on their role in pneumonia. We will discuss the anatomic barriers and antimicrobial proteins of the lung, pathogen and injury recognition, and the role of leukocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, and innate lymphocytes) and lung stromal cells in innate immunity. Throughout the review, we will focus on new findings in innate immunity as well as features that are unique to the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz T Korkmaz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology & Infectious Disease, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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92
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Lenhart-Pendergrass PM, Malcolm KC, Wheeler E, Rysavy NM, Poch K, Caceres S, Calhoun KM, Martiniano SL, Nick JA. Deficient Complement Opsonization Impairs Mycobacterium avium Killing by Neutrophils in Cystic Fibrosis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0327922. [PMID: 36651756 PMCID: PMC9927418 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03279-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including Mycobacterium avium, are clinically important pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF). The innate immune response to M. avium remains incompletely understood. We evaluated the role of complement opsonization in neutrophil-mediated killing of M. avium. Killing assays were performed using neutrophils from healthy donors (HDs) and persons with CF (pwCF). Clinical isolates of M. avium were opsonized with plasma from HDs or pwCF, which was intact or heat-treated to inactivate complement. HD neutrophils had killing activity against M. avium opsonized with intact HD plasma and killing was significantly reduced when M. avium was opsonized with heat-inactivated HD plasma. When opsonized with HD plasma, CF neutrophils had killing activity against M. avium that was not different than HD neutrophils. When opsonized with intact plasma from pwCF, HD neutrophil killing of M. avium was significantly reduced. Opsonization of M. avium with C3-depleted serum or IgM-depleted plasma resulted in significantly reduced killing. Plasma C3 levels were elevated in pwCF with NTM infection compared to pwCF without NTM infection. These studies demonstrate that human neutrophils efficiently kill M. avium when opsonized in the presence of plasma factors from HD that include C3 and IgM. Killing efficiency is significantly lower when the bacteria are opsonized with plasma from pwCF. This indicates a novel role for opsonization in neutrophil killing of M. avium and a deficiency in complement opsonization as a mechanism of impaired M. avium killing in CF. IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium avium is a member of a group of bacterial species termed nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that cause lung disease in certain populations, including persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). NTM infections are challenging to diagnose and can be even more difficult to treat. This study investigated how the immune system responds to M. avium infection in CF. We found that neutrophils, the most abundant immune cell in the lungs in CF, can effectively kill M. avium in individuals both with and without CF. Another component of the immune response called the complement system is also required for this process. Levels of complement proteins are altered in persons with CF who have a history of NTM compared to those without a history of NTM infection. These results add to our understanding of how the immune system responds to M. avium, which can help pave the way toward better diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth C. Malcolm
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily Wheeler
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Noel M. Rysavy
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Katie Poch
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Silvia Caceres
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kara M. Calhoun
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stacey L. Martiniano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jerry A. Nick
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
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93
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Zhao BR, Wang XX, Liu PP, Wang XW. Complement-related proteins in crustacean immunity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104577. [PMID: 36265592 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an important part of innate immune system, complement system is widely involved in defense response and immune regulation, and plays an important biological role. The complement system has been deeply studied. More than 30 complement-related molecules and three major complement-activation pathways have been identified in vertebrates. Crustacean animals do not have complement system. There are only some complement-related proteins in crustaceans which are important for host defense. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about complement-related proteins in crustaceans, and their functions in crustacean immunity. We also make a comparation of the crustacean pro-phenoloxidase activating system and the mammalian complement system. This review provides a better understanding of the evolution and function of complement-related proteins in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Rui Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ping-Ping Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xian-Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
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94
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Hammann-Hänni A, Kaufmann P, Klein G, Schmid K, Dingemanse J. Effect of Severe Renal Impairment on Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of ACT-1014-6470, a Novel Oral Complement Factor 5a Receptor 1 Antagonist. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2023; 12:152-158. [PMID: 36285509 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the safety and the effect of severe renal impairment (RI) on the pharmacokinetics of ACT-1014-6470, a novel oral complement factor 5a receptor 1 antagonist. A phase 1 single-center, open-label, single-dose, parallel-group study was conducted in subjects with severe RI (n = 8) compared to demographically pairwise matched subjects with normal renal function (n = 8). Plasma levels of ACT-1014-6470 were measured up to 120 hours following an oral 40-mg dose. Safety evaluations included adverse events (AEs), vital signs, hematology, coagulation, clinical chemistry tests, and electrocardiograms. All 16 subjects completed the study. Relative to subjects with normal renal function, ACT-1014-6470 time to maximum plasma concentration was delayed with a median of differences of 3 hours. The maximum plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concentration-time profile from time zero to infinity were comparable indicated by geometric mean ratios (90%CI) of 0.85 (0.53-1.37) and 1.17 (0.73-1.85), respectively. Four transient and mild AEs in three subjects with severe RI were reported; three AEs were considered not related to ACT-1014-6470. These results support the use of ACT-1014-6470 in subjects with mild to severe RI without the need of dose adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Hammann-Hänni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Priska Kaufmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jasper Dingemanse
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland
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95
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Burgelman M, Dujardin P, Vandendriessche C, Vandenbroucke RE. Free complement and complement containing extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1055050. [PMID: 36741417 PMCID: PMC9896008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system is implicated in a broad range of neuroinflammatory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Consequently, measuring complement levels in biofluids could serve as a potential biomarker for these diseases. Indeed, complement levels are shown to be altered in patients compared to controls, and some studies reported a correlation between the level of free complement in biofluids and disease progression, severity or the response to therapeutics. Overall, they are not (yet) suitable as a diagnostic tool due to heterogeneity of reported results. Moreover, measurement of free complement proteins has the disadvantage that information on their origin is lost, which might be of value in a multi-parameter approach for disease prediction and stratification. In light of this, extracellular vesicles (EVs) could provide a platform to improve the diagnostic power of complement proteins. EVs are nanosized double membrane particles that are secreted by essentially every cell type and resemble the (status of the) cell of origin. Interestingly, EVs can contain complement proteins, while the cellular origin can still be determined by the presence of EV surface markers. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge and future opportunities on the use of free and EV-associated complement proteins as biomarkers for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Burgelman
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Dujardin
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charysse Vandendriessche
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,*Correspondence: Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke,
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96
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Boero E, Gorham RD, Francis EA, Brand J, Teng LH, Doorduijn DJ, Ruyken M, Muts RM, Lehmann C, Verschoor A, van Kessel KPM, Heinrich V, Rooijakkers SHM. Purified complement C3b triggers phagocytosis and activation of human neutrophils via complement receptor 1. Sci Rep 2023; 13:274. [PMID: 36609665 PMCID: PMC9822988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system provides vital immune protection against infectious agents by labeling them with complement fragments that enhance phagocytosis by immune cells. Many details of complement-mediated phagocytosis remain elusive, partly because it is difficult to study the role of individual complement proteins on target surfaces. Here, we employ serum-free methods to couple purified complement C3b onto E. coli bacteria and beads and then expose human neutrophils to these C3b-coated targets. We examine the neutrophil response using a combination of flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, luminometry, single-live-cell/single-target manipulation, and dynamic analysis of neutrophil spreading on opsonin-coated surfaces. We show that purified C3b can potently trigger phagocytosis and killing of bacterial cells via Complement receptor 1. Comparison of neutrophil phagocytosis of C3b- versus antibody-coated beads with single-bead/single-target analysis exposes a similar cell morphology during engulfment. However, bulk phagocytosis assays of C3b-beads combined with DNA-based quenching reveal that these are poorly internalized compared to their IgG1 counterparts. Similarly, neutrophils spread slower on C3b-coated compared to IgG-coated surfaces. These observations support the requirement of multiple stimulations for efficient C3b-mediated uptake. Together, our results establish the existence of a direct pathway of phagocytic uptake of C3b-coated targets and present methodologies to study this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boero
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.425088.3GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ronald D. Gorham
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.417555.70000 0000 8814 392XSanofi, Waltham, MA 02451 USA
| | - Emmet A. Francis
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jonathan Brand
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Lay Heng Teng
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Dennis J. Doorduijn
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje Ruyken
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Remy M. Muts
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Lehmann
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Admar Verschoor
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technische Universität München and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Kok P. M. van Kessel
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Volkmar Heinrich
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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97
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Outer surface protein E (OspE) mediates Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strain-specific complement evasion in the eastern fence lizard, Sceloporus undulatus. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102081. [PMID: 36403322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In North America, Lyme disease is primarily caused by the spirochetal bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bb), which is transmitted between multiple vertebrate hosts and ixodid ticks, and is a model commonly used to study host-pathogen interactions. While Bb is consistently observed in its mammalian and avian reservoirs, the bacterium is rarely isolated from North American reptiles. Two closely related lizard species, the eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus) and the western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis), are examples of reptiles parasitized by Ixodes ticks. Vertebrates are known to generate complement as an innate defense mechanism, which can be activated before Bb disseminate to distal tissues. Complement from western fence lizards has proven lethal against one Bb strain, implying the role of complement in making those lizards unable to serve as hosts to Bb. However, Bb DNA is occasionally identified in distal tissues of field-collected eastern fence lizards, suggesting some Bb strains may overcome complement-mediated clearance in these lizards. These findings raise questions regarding the role of complement and its impact on Bb interactions with North American lizards. In this study, we found Bb seropositivity in a small population of wild-caught eastern fence lizards and observed Bb strain-specific survivability in lizard sera. We also found that a Bb outer surface protein, OspE, from Bb strains viable in sera, promotes lizard serum survivability and binds to a complement inhibitor, factor H, from eastern fence lizards. Our data thus identify bacterial and host determinants of eastern fence lizard complement evasion, providing insights into the role of complement influencing Bb interactions with North American lizards.
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98
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Abstract
Primitive underpinnings of the alternative pathway (AP), namely, a C3-like protein, likely arose more than a billion years ago. The development of an AP amplification loop, while greatly enhancing speed and potency, also presents a double-edged sword. Although critical to combat an infectious disease, it is also potentially destructive, particularly in a chronic disease process involving vital organs where scarring and reduction of regulatory function can occur. Furthermore, new knowledge is pointing to genetic factors involved in an increasing number of complement-related diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. However, even a normal functioning repertoire of complement components can drive cellular damage as a result of low-level complement activation over time. Thus, the modern human AP now faces a new challenge: cumulatively-driven tissue damage from chronic inflammatory processes that mediate cellular injury. The impact of ongoing low-level AP-enhanced complement activation in disease processes is just beginning to be appreciated and studied. However, the sheer numbers of individuals affected by chronic diseases emphasize the need for novel therapeutic agents capable of modulating the AP. The more we learn about this ancient system, the greater is the likelihood of developing fresh perspectives that could contribute to improved human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kathryn Liszewski
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - John P. Atkinson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
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99
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Kolev M, Barbour T, Baver S, Francois C, Deschatelets P. With complements: C3 inhibition in the clinic. Immunol Rev 2023; 313:358-375. [PMID: 36161656 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
C3 is a key complement protein, located at the nexus of all complement activation pathways. Extracellular, tissue, cell-derived, and intracellular C3 plays critical roles in the immune response that is dysregulated in many diseases, making it an attractive therapeutic target. However, challenges such as very high concentration in blood, increased acute expression, and the elevated risk of infections have historically posed significant challenges in the development of C3-targeted therapeutics. This is further complicated because C3 activation fragments and their receptors trigger a complex network of downstream effects; therefore, a clear understanding of these is needed to provide context for a better understanding of the mechanism of action (MoA) of C3 inhibitors, such as pegcetacoplan. Because of C3's differential upstream position to C5 in the complement cascade, there are mechanistic differences between pegcetacoplan and eculizumab that determine their efficacy in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. In this review, we compare the MoA of pegcetacoplan and eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and discuss the complement-mediated disease that might be amenable to C3 inhibition. We further discuss the current state and outlook for C3-targeted therapeutics and provide our perspective on which diseases might be the next success stories in the C3 therapeutics journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kolev
- Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tara Barbour
- Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott Baver
- Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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100
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Johansen A, Thiede B, Anonsen JH, Nilsson GE. Surviving without oxygen involves major tissue specific changes in the proteome of crucian carp ( Carassius carassius). PeerJ 2023; 11:e14890. [PMID: 36915662 PMCID: PMC10007964 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The crucian carp (Carassius carassius) can survive complete oxygen depletion (anoxia) for several months at low temperatures, making it an excellent model for studying molecular adaptations to anoxia. Still, little is known about how its global proteome responds to anoxia and reoxygenation. By applying mass spectrometry-based proteome analyses on brain, heart and liver tissue from crucian carp exposed to normoxia, five days anoxia, and reoxygenation, we found major changes in particularly cardiac and hepatic protein levels in response to anoxia and reoxygenation. These included tissue-specific differences in mitochondrial proteins involved in aerobic respiration and mitochondrial membrane integrity. Enzymes in the electron transport system (ETS) decreased in heart and increased massively in liver during anoxia and reoxygenation but did not change in the brain. Importantly, the data support a special role for the liver in succinate handling upon reoxygenation, as suggested by a drastic increase of components of the ETS and uncoupling protein 2, which could allow for succinate metabolism without excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Also during reoxygenation, the levels of proteins involved in the cristae junction organization of the mitochondria changed in the heart, possibly functioning to suppress ROS formation. Furthermore, proteins involved in immune (complement) system activation changed in the anoxic heart compared to normoxic controls. The results emphasize that responses to anoxia are highly tissue-specific and related to organ function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Haug Anonsen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Climate & Environment Department, NORCE, Norwegian Research Centre AS, Stavanger, Norway
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