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Travier N, Buckland G, Vendrell JJ, Fernandez-Veledo S, Peiró I, Del Barco S, Pernas S, Zamora E, Bellet M, Margeli M, Cirauqui B, Muñoz M, Tusquets I, Arcusa A, Javierre C, Moreno F, Rodriguez A, Agudo A. Changes in metabolic risk, insulin resistance, leptin and adiponectin following a lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2018; 27:e12861. [PMID: 29869823 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adiposity and physical activity are modifiable factors that could be important determinants of breast cancer (BC) prognosis through their effects on endogenous reproductive hormones, chronic inflammation and metabolic changes. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate whether offering lifestyle interventions to BC survivors could affect the levels of certain biomarkers involved in these mechanisms. We designed a pre-post intervention study offering diet and exercise sessions over 12 weeks to 42 overweight/obese BC survivors. Before and after the intervention, we obtained dietary information, anthropometry and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measurements and blood samples to measure metabolic risk, insulin resistance and adipokines biomarkers. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Spearman partial correlation coefficients were used to compare pre- and post-measurements and assess the correlations between changes in biomarkers and changes in anthropometry and CRF. Breast cancer survivors showed significant improvements in metabolic risk biomarkers and insulin resistance indicators along with a non-significant leptin decrease and a significant adiponectin decrease. The improvements in metabolic risk biomarkers, insulin resistance indicators and leptin were moderately correlated (0.32 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.55) with the decrease in body mass index and the increase in CRF. Diet and exercise interventions implemented in overweight/obese BC survivors may improve metabolic risk, insulin resistance and leptin biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemie Travier
- Cancer Prevention and Control Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Genevieve Buckland
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan J Vendrell
- Diabetes and Metabolic Associated Diseases Research Group, Hospital Joan XXIII, School of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernandez-Veledo
- Diabetes and Metabolic Associated Diseases Research Group, Hospital Joan XXIII, School of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Immaculada Peiró
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Del Barco
- Department of Medical Oncology-ICO, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Sonia Pernas
- Breast Cancer Functional Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Zamora
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Breast Cancer Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Bellet
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Breast Cancer Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Margeli
- Department of Medical Oncology-ICO, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cirauqui
- Department of Medical Oncology-ICO, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Muñoz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Tusquets
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angels Arcusa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Casimiro Javierre
- Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Moreno
- Breast Cancer Functional Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- Breast Cancer Functional Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
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Mellon SH, Gautam A, Hammamieh R, Jett M, Wolkowitz OM. Metabolism, Metabolomics, and Inflammation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:866-875. [PMID: 29628193 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined by classic psychological manifestations, although among the characteristics are significantly increased rates of serious somatic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, immune dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we assess the evidence for disturbances that may contribute to somatic pathology in inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and circulating metabolites (implicating mitochondrial dysfunction) in individuals with PTSD and in animal models simulating features of PTSD. The clinical and preclinical data highlight probable interrelated features of PTSD pathophysiology, including a proinflammatory milieu, metabolomic changes (implicating mitochondrial and other processes), and metabolic dysregulation. These data suggest that PTSD may be a systemic illness, or that it at least has systemic manifestations, and the behavioral manifestations are those most easily discerned. Whether somatic pathology precedes the development of PTSD (and thus may be a risk factor) or follows the development of PTSD (as a result of either shared pathophysiologies or lifestyle adaptations), comorbid PTSD and somatic illness is a potent combination placing affected individuals at increased physical as well as mental health risk. We conclude with directions for future research and novel treatment approaches based on these abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synthia H Mellon
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Integrative Systems Biology, United States Army Medical Research and Material Command, United States Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Integrative Systems Biology, United States Army Medical Research and Material Command, United States Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Marti Jett
- Integrative Systems Biology, United States Army Medical Research and Material Command, United States Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland.
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Alkhalidy H, Wang Y, Liu D. Dietary Flavonoids in the Prevention of T2D: An Overview. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040438. [PMID: 29614722 PMCID: PMC5946223 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive metabolic disease that is increasing in prevalence globally. It is well established that insulin resistance (IR) and a progressive decline in functional β-cell mass are hallmarks of developing T2D. Obesity is a leading pathogenic factor for developing IR. Constant IR will progress to T2D when β-cells are unable to secret adequate amounts of insulin to compensate for decreased insulin sensitivity. Recently, a considerable amount of research has been devoted to identifying naturally occurring anti-diabetic compounds that are abundant in certain types of foods. Flavonoids are a group of polyphenols that have drawn great interest for their various health benefits. Results from many clinical and animal studies demonstrate that dietary intake of flavonoids might be helpful in preventing T2D, although cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are still not completely understood. This review discusses our current understanding of the pathophysiology of T2D and highlights the potential anti-diabetic effects of flavonoids and mechanisms of their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
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Peng YJ, Shen TL, Chen YS, Mersmann HJ, Liu BH, Ding ST. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 overexpression enhance inflammatory bowel disease. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:24. [PMID: 29540173 PMCID: PMC5851065 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin (ADN) is an adipokine derived from adipocytes. It binds to adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 (AdipoR1 and R2) to exert its function in regulating whole-body energy homeostasis and inflammatory responses. However, the role of ADN-AdipoR1 signaling in intestinal inflammation is controversial, and its role in the regulation of neutrophils is still unclear. Our goal was to clarify the role of AdipoR1 signaling in colitis and the effects on neutrophils. METHODS We generated porcine AdipoR1 transgenic mice (pAdipoR1 mice) and induced murine colitis using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to study the potential role of AdipoR1 in inflammatory bowel disease. We also treated a THP-1 macrophage and a HT-29 colon epithelial cell line with ADN recombinant protein to study the effects of ADN on inflammation. RESULTS After inducing murine colitis, pAdipoR1 mice developed more severe symptoms than wild-type (WT) mice. Treatment with ADN increased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in THP-1 and HT-29 cells. Moreover, we also observed that the expression of cyclooxygenase2 (cox2), neutrophil chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL5), and the infiltration of neutrophils were increased in the colon of pAdipoR1 mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that ADN-AdipoR1 signaling exacerbated colonic inflammation through two possible mechanisms. First, ADN-AdipoR1 signaling increased pro-inflammatory factors. Second, AdipoR1 enhanced neutrophil chemokine expression and recruited neutrophils into the colonic tissue to increase inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ju Peng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da’an Dist, Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da’an Dist, Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Harry John Mersmann
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da’an Dist, Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Bing-Hsien Liu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da’an Dist, Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da’an Dist, Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
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Stine JG, Wang J, Cornella SL, Behm BW, Henry Z, Shah NL, Caldwell SH, Northup PG. Treatment of Type-1 Hepatorenal Syndrome with Pentoxifylline: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial. Ann Hepatol 2018; 17:300-306. [PMID: 29469046 PMCID: PMC7485043 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.8660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type-1 hepatorenal syndrome (HRS-1) portends a poor prognosis in patients with cirrhosis. Currently available medical therapies are largely ineffective, save for liver transplantation. We aimed to determine if pentoxifylline (PTX) therapy in addition to the standard of care of volume expansion with albumin and vasoconstriction with midodrine and octreotide (AMO) is safe and efficacious compared to AMO in HRS-1 treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hospitalized subjects with decompensated cirrhosis and HRS-1 were enrolled. PTX or placebo was administered with AMO therapy for up to 14 days. The primary endpoint was HRS-1 resolution (serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 g/dL for > 24 h). Secondary endpoints were change in creatinine and MELD score, partial treatment response, 30-and 180-day overall and transplant free survival. RESULTS Twelve subjects with mean age 58.9 ± 6.2 years were enrolled and randomized. Mean MELD score was 26.5 ± 7.4 and 58.3% were male. Overall cohort 30- and 180-day survival was 58.3% and 33.3% respectively. Two subjects underwent liver transplantation. HRS-1 resolution (16.7% vs. 16.7%, p = 1.000), partial treatment response (33.3% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.505), change in creatinine (+0.48 g/dL, 95% CI -0.49-1.46 vs. +0.03 g/dL, 95% CI -0.64- 0.70, p = 0.427), 30-day survival (66.6% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.558) and 180-day survival (50.0% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.221) were similar between the two groups. Serious adverse events necessitating treatment discontinuation were rare (n = 1, PTX). DISCUSSION The addition of PTX to AMO in the treatment of HRS-1 is safe when compared to the current standard of care. Future large-scale prospective study to validate the efficacy of this treatment seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G. Stine
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jennifer Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Scott L. Cornella
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Brian W. Behm
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Zachary Henry
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Neeral L. Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Stephen H. Caldwell
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Patrick G. Northup
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Giesler A, Mukherjee M, Radford K, Janssen L, Nair P. Modulation of human airway smooth muscle biology by human adipocytes. Respir Res 2018; 19:33. [PMID: 29486749 PMCID: PMC5830317 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma and obesity, two growing epidemics worldwide, may share an underlying causal relationship. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a defining component of asthma, has been documented in both ‘obese’ animal models and non-asthmatic obese individuals. However, there is a paucity of evidence that obesity-derived factors directly affect human airway smooth muscles (ASM). Methods Experiments were designed with primary ASM and adipocytes isolated from the same human tissue explants (n = 6). The modulatory effects of human adipocytes extracted from subcutaneous (extrathoracic) and visceral (intrathoracic) depots, on ASM biology was examined with respect to proliferation, migration, contractility and pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis. Results Adipocyte-conditioned media as well as myocyte-adipocyte co-cultures failed to show any significant changes in the proliferative or migrational properties of the ASM. Adipocyte-conditioned media also had no effect on the contractility or relaxation of bovine tracheal muscle strips. In contrast, there was a moderate yet significant increase of IL-6 and eotaxin release by ASM incubated with adipocyte-conditioned media (P = 0.0035 and P = 0.0067, vs. control, respectively), thereby further consolidating the altered inflammatory state reported for both diseases. Conclusion We report, for the first time, that adipocytes from either subcutaneous or visceral depots can trigger an inflammatory state in the ASM, with negligible modulatory effects on hyperplasia, hypertrophy or contractile properties. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-018-0741-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Giesler
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Manali Mukherjee
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Katherine Radford
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Luke Janssen
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada.
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Haugen S, He J, Sundaresan A, Stunes AK, Aasarød KM, Tiainen H, Syversen U, Skallerud B, Reseland JE. Adiponectin Reduces Bone Stiffness: Verified in a Three-Dimensional Artificial Human Bone Model In Vitro. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:236. [PMID: 29867768 PMCID: PMC5960720 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary human osteoblasts and osteoclasts incubated in a rotating coculture system without any scaffolding material, form bone-like tissue that may be used to evaluate effects of various compounds on mechanical strength. Circulating adiponectin has been found to be negatively associated with BMD and strength and was therefore assessed in this system. Osteospheres of human osteoblasts and osteoclasts were generated with and without adiponectin. The osteospheres were scanned using micro-computed tomography, the mechanical properties were tested by flat punch compression using nanoindentation equipment, and the cellular morphology characterized by microscopy. The association between autologously produced adiponectin and biomechanical properties was further evaluated by quantitation of adiponectin levels using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunoassays, and identification of stiffness by bending test of rat femurs. The molecular mechanisms were examined in vitro using human bone cells. Mechanical testing revealed that adiponectin induced a more compliant osteosphere compared with control. The osteospheres had a round, lobulated appearance with morphologically different areas; inner regions containing few cells embedded in a bone-like material surrounded by an external area with a higher cell quantity. The expression of adiponectin was found to correlate positively to ultimate bending moment and ultimate energy absorption and deflection, on the other hand, it correlated negatively to bending stiffness, indicating autocrine and/or paracrine effects of adiponectin in bone. Adiponectin enhanced proliferation and expression of collagen, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in osteoblasts and stimulated proliferation, but not the functional activity of osteoclasts. Our results indicate that both administration of adiponectin during osteosphere production and in situ elevated levels of adiponectin in rat femurs, reduced stiffness of the bone tissues. An increase in undifferentiated cells and extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, may explain the reduced bone stiffness seen in the osteospheres treated with adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jianying He
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alamelu Sundaresan
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Astrid Kamilla Stunes
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin Matre Aasarød
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hanna Tiainen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Syversen
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Skallerud
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Janne Elin Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Janne Elin Reseland,
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Mohammadi T, Paknahad Z. Adiponectin Concentration in Gestational Diabetic Women: a Case-Control Study. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:267-276. [PMID: 29124047 PMCID: PMC5665748 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.4.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an impaired fasting glucose condition during pregnancy. Adiponectin is a polypeptide hormone that is extensively released by adipocytes which regulates energy homeostasis and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In addition, adiponectin has antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of our research was to study about the relationship of adiponectin levels to GDM and glucose intolerance. We selected 25 GDM women and 35 healthy pregnant subjects (18–46 years) who were screened between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation based on the result of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We designed a case-control study and measured the concentrations of serum adiponectin and compared the concentrations between the groups. Serum adiponectin concentration was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sociodemographic data were collected by personal interview. Serum adiponectin concentrations were significantly lower in the subjects with GDM (5.10 ± 2.15 ng/mL vs. 7.86 ± 3.52 ng/mL, p = 0.001) than in healthy pregnant subjects. The mean concentration of fasting blood glucose was considerably lower in control subjects (86.9 ± 9.0 mg/dL vs. 175.9 ± 20.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001) in comparison to GDM subjects. Our findings showed that serum concentrations of adiponectin were significantly lower in gestational diabetic women and this may help to predict the risk of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanin Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
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Bednarska-Makaruk M, Graban A, Wiśniewska A, Łojkowska W, Bochyńska A, Gugała-Iwaniuk M, Sławińska K, Ługowska A, Ryglewicz D, Wehr H. Association of adiponectin, leptin and resistin with inflammatory markers and obesity in dementia. Biogerontology 2017; 18:561-580. [PMID: 28421328 PMCID: PMC5514216 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-017-9701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the role of adiponectin, leptin and resistin in various types of dementia and to investigate their association with inflammatory markers, insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. In 205 patients with dementia [89 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 47 with vascular dementia (VaD), 69 with mixed dementia (MD)], 113 persons with mild cognitive impairment and in 107 controls serum adiponectin, leptin and resistin levels, pro-inflammatory [interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and chitotriosidase] and anti-inflammatory (25-OH vitamin D, HDL-cholesterol and paraoxonase 1) markers, as well as glucose metabolism parameters (glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR) were determined. In all-cause dementia adiponectin and resistin levels were significantly higher as compared to the controls; leptin levels did not show differences. Higher adiponectin levels concerned AD and MD, whereas higher resistin-VaD and MD. After stratification by abdominal obesity the differences in adiponectin levels remained significant in subjects without obesity. In all-cause dementia negative correlation of adiponectin with obesity, glucose metabolism parameters, IL-6 and hsCRP and positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol were found. Positive correlation of resistin with age, IL-6, hsCRP and chitotriosidase and negative correlation with HDL-cholesterol and paraoxonase 1 were stated. We conclude that dementia of neurodegenerative origin is characterized by elevated adiponectin levels, whereas dementia with vascular changes by increase of resistin. Association with inflammatory indicators may suggest the pro-inflammatory role of resistin in the development of dementia, especially in dementia of vascular mechanism. Identification of this novel biomarker may be important in preventing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ałła Graban
- First Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Wiśniewska
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wanda Łojkowska
- First Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bochyńska
- First Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gugała-Iwaniuk
- First Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ksenia Sławińska
- First Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ługowska
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Ryglewicz
- First Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Wehr
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
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Bahari T, Uemura H, Katsuura-Kamano S, Yamaguchi M, Nakamoto M, Miki K, Sawachika F, Arisawa K. Association between dietary patterns and serum adiponectin: a cross-sectional study in a Japanese population. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017. [PMID: 28637371 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1338249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between dietary pattern, adiponectin and insulin resistance. The study population consisted of 612 men and women aged 35-69 years old who had participated in the baseline survey of Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture. Diets and lifestyle related variables were assessed by questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the relations between dietary patterns and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin. For further analysis, path analysis was used to test the hypothesised model of association between dietary pattern, serum adiponectin and insulin resistance. The result showed that higher score of bread and dairy pattern was directly associated with increased serum level of adiponectin in women, which was inversely related to homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In conclusion, higher consumption of bread and dairy products, and low intake of rice may be associated with increased serum adiponectin in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirani Bahari
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Hirokazu Uemura
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Miwa Yamaguchi
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Mariko Nakamoto
- b Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Keisuke Miki
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Fusakazu Sawachika
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- a Department of Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
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Does Bariatric Surgery Improve Obesity Associated Comorbid Conditions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 960:545-570. [PMID: 28585216 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a constantly growing health problem which reduces quality of life and life expectancy. Bariatric surgery for obesity is taken into account when all other conservative treatment modalities have failed. Comparison of the multidisciplinary programs with bariatric surgery regarding to weight loss showed that substantial and durable weight reduction have been achieved only with bariatric surgical treatments. However, the benefits of weight loss following bariatric procedures are still debated regarding the pro-inflammatory and metabolic profile of obesity.
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Tong HV, Luu NK, Son HA, Hoan NV, Hung TT, Velavan TP, Toan NL. Adiponectin and pro-inflammatory cytokines are modulated in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 8:295-305. [PMID: 27684566 PMCID: PMC5415486 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Adipose tissue-derived hormones are associated with metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study investigated the levels of adiponectin and pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-10 in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and their correlations with clinical parameters of overweight and type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on body mass index, 73 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were categorized either as overweight or non-overweight. As healthy controls, 57 overweight and non-overweight individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. The adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 levels were measured in the sera samples in all study participants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were correlated with clinical parameters. RESULTS The adiponectin levels were lower in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2.5 ± 1.5 μg/mL) compared with controls (16 ± 18.6 μg/mL; P < 0.0001), and were decreased in overweight individuals compared with those who were not overweight. The TNF-α and IL-1β levels were increased, whereas the IL-10 levels were decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in overweight controls compared with non-overweight controls (P < 0.0001). The adiponectin levels were correlated with the TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10 levels, and the clinical parameters of overweight and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance indexes were correlated with the relative ratios of adiponectin/TNF-α, adiponectin/IL-1β, adiponectin/IL-10, TNF-α/IL-10 and IL-1β/IL-10. CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin and pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and might serve as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic intervention for overweight-related type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Van Tong
- Department of PathophysiologyVietnam Military Medical UniversityHa DongHanoiVietnam
- Vietnamese‐German Center for Medical ResearchHanoiVietnam
- Institute of Tropical MedicineUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Nguyen Kim Luu
- 103 Military HospitalVietnam Military Medical UniversityHanoiVietnam
| | - Ho Anh Son
- Department of PathophysiologyVietnam Military Medical UniversityHa DongHanoiVietnam
- Vietnamese‐German Center for Medical ResearchHanoiVietnam
| | | | - Trinh Thanh Hung
- Department of Science and Technology for Economic‐Technical branchesMinistry of Science and TechnologyHanoiVietnam
| | - Thirumalaisamy P Velavan
- Department of PathophysiologyVietnam Military Medical UniversityHa DongHanoiVietnam
- Vietnamese‐German Center for Medical ResearchHanoiVietnam
- Institute of Tropical MedicineUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Nguyen Linh Toan
- Department of PathophysiologyVietnam Military Medical UniversityHa DongHanoiVietnam
- Vietnamese‐German Center for Medical ResearchHanoiVietnam
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Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Kołodziejski PA, Sassek M, Sliwowska JH. Kisspeptin-10 inhibits proliferation and regulates lipolysis and lipogenesis processes in 3T3-L1 cells and isolated rat adipocytes. Endocrine 2017; 56:54-64. [PMID: 28194651 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kisspeptin, which is encoded by the KISS1 gene and acts via GPR54, plays a role in the regulation of reproductive functions. Expression of KISS1 and GRPR54 has been found in peripheral tissues, including adipose tissue, and was shown to be influenced by metabolic status. PURPOSE We hypothesized that kisspeptin could be involved in regulation of lipid metabolism in the mouse 3T3-L1 cell line and in isolated rat adipocytes. METHODS First, we characterized expression profiles of KISS1 and GPR54 mRNA and proteins in adipose cells isolated from male rats. Secondly, we studied the effects of kisspeptin-10 on cell proliferation and survival in 3T3-L1 cells. Thirdly, we assessed the rapid action of kisspeptin-10 on lipid metabolism and glucose uptake using 3T3-L1 cells and rat primary adipocytes. Finally, we examined the effects of kisspeptin-10 on the secretion of leptin and adiponectin in rat adipocytes. RESULTS We have found that: (1) KISS1 and GPR54 were expressed in mouse 3T3-L1 cells and isolated rat adipocytes; (2) kisspeptin-10: (i) inhibited cell proliferation, viability and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 and decreased expression of PPAR-γ and CEBPβ-genes, which are involved in the differentiation processes and adipogenesis; (ii) increased lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells and rat adipocytes by enhancing expression of periliphin and hormone-sensitive lipase; (iii) modulated glucose uptake and lipogenesis; (iv) stimulated leptin and decreased adiponectin secretion from rat adipocytes. CONCLUSION Kisspeptin-10 could play a role in the regulation of lipid metabolism in mouse 3T3-L1 cells and rat adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł A Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna H Sliwowska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625, Poznan, Poland.
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Zhang DM, Jiao RQ, Kong LD. High Dietary Fructose: Direct or Indirect Dangerous Factors Disturbing Tissue and Organ Functions. Nutrients 2017; 9:E335. [PMID: 28353649 PMCID: PMC5409674 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High dietary fructose is a major contributor to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, disturbing tissue and organ functions. Fructose is mainly absorbed into systemic circulation by glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and GLUT5, and metabolized in liver to produce glucose, lactate, triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), uric acid (UA) and methylglyoxal (MG). Its extrahepatic absorption and metabolism also take place. High levels of these metabolites are the direct dangerous factors. During fructose metabolism, ATP depletion occurs and induces oxidative stress and inflammatory response, disturbing functions of local tissues and organs to overproduce inflammatory cytokine, adiponectin, leptin and endotoxin, which act as indirect dangerous factors. Fructose and its metabolites directly and/or indirectly cause oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, autophagy and increased intestinal permeability, and then further aggravate the metabolic syndrome with tissue and organ dysfunctions. Therefore, this review addresses fructose-induced metabolic syndrome, and the disturbance effects of direct and/or indirect dangerous factors on the functions of liver, adipose, pancreas islet, skeletal muscle, kidney, heart, brain and small intestine. It is important to find the potential correlations between direct and/or indirect risk factors and healthy problems under excess dietary fructose consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Rui-Qing Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Gavriatopoulou M, Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E, Terpos E. Emerging treatment approaches for myeloma-related bone disease. Expert Rev Hematol 2017; 10:217-228. [PMID: 28092987 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2017.1283213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple myeloma is characterized by the presence of osteolytic lesions that leads to devastating skeletal-related events in the majority of patients. Myeloma bone disease is attributed to increased osteoclastic and suppressed osteoblastic activity. Areas covered: Bisphosphonates remain the main treatment option, however they have limitations on their own. Understanding the pathogenesis of myeloma bone disease may provide a roadmap for new therapeutic approaches. The pathway of RANKRANKLOPG pathway has revealed denosumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting RANKL as a novel emerging therapy for myeloma-related bone disease. Furthermore, the Wnt signaling inhibitors dicckopf-1 and sclerostin that are implicated in the pathogenesis of bone destruction of myeloma are now targeted by novel monoclonal antibodies. Activin-A is a TGF-beta superfamily member which increases osteoclast activity and inhibits osteoblast function in myeloma; sotatercept and other molecules targeting activin-A have entered into clinical development. Several other molecules and pathways that play an important role in the pathogenesis of bone destruction in myeloma, such as periostin, adiponectin, Notch and BTK signaling are also targeted in an attempt to develop novel therapies for myeloma-related bone disease. Expert commentary: We summarize the current advances in the biology of myeloma bone disease and the potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gavriatopoulou
- a Department of Clinical Therapeutics , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- a Department of Clinical Therapeutics , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- a Department of Clinical Therapeutics , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- a Department of Clinical Therapeutics , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
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Pathophysiology of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122082. [PMID: 27973438 PMCID: PMC5187882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiopathology of fatty liver and metabolic syndrome are influenced by diet, life style and inflammation, which have a major impact on the severity of the clinicopathologic outcome of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A short comprehensive review is provided on current knowledge of the pathophysiological interplay among major circulating effectors/mediators of fatty liver, such as circulating lipids, mediators released by adipose, muscle and liver tissues and pancreatic and gut hormones in relation to diet, exercise and inflammation.
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No effects of quercetin from onion skin extract on serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations in overweight-to-obese patients with (pre-)hypertension: a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:2265-2275. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review will update readers on research examining the influence of genetic variation and epigenetics on the immune system and whether genetic variation influences the outcome of critically ill children. RECENT FINDINGS Although there have been few recent studies examining the role of genetic variation in the severity of disease or outcome in critically ill children, studies in critically ill adults have been informative. For example, genetic variations in the genes coding for various components of the immune response, such as the Toll-like receptor 1, interleukin-1RA, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, adoponectin, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, elafin, sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3, and sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain containing 1 have been associated with various outcomes in critically ill adult populations. Many of the variants demonstrate functional consequences in the protein levels or activities. In critically ill children, there is an association with increased ICU length of stay in children with septic shock with one of the Toll-like receptor 1 variants. SUMMARY The degree of influence of host genetic variation in the outcome in critically ill children remains a much understudied area of research. However, it remains important because it may not only help identify children at risk for worse outcomes but it may provide insight into mechanisms of critical illnesses and novel therapies.
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Sawamoto R, Nozaki T, Furukawa T, Tanahashi T, Morita C, Hata T, Nakashima M, Komaki G, Sudo N. A change in objective sleep duration is associated with a change in the serum adiponectin level of women with overweight or obesity undergoing weight loss intervention. Obes Sci Pract 2016; 2:180-188. [PMID: 27812383 PMCID: PMC5069573 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the serum adiponectin level is inversely correlated to body mass index and closely associated with obesity and related diseases, neither the impact of weight loss on the adiponectin level nor other factors that might influence the adiponectin level during weight loss intervention are well documented. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to assess the change in the serum adiponectin level during weight loss intervention and to determine if sleep parameters affect the serum adiponectin level. METHODS Ninety women with overweight or obesity aged 25 to 65 years completed a 7-month cognitive behavioural therapy based weight loss intervention that included dieting, exercise and stress management. Serum adiponectin level, body fat percent, symptoms of depression and anxiety and objective sleep parameters, assessed by actigraphy, were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. RESULTS The serum adiponectin level was significantly increased after the weight loss intervention (P < 0.001). In a multiple regression analysis, the change of the adiponectin level was positively associated with the magnitude of body fat loss (β = -0.317, P < 0.001) and an increase of sleep minutes (β = 0.210, P = 0.043). CONCLUSION An increase in objective sleep duration was related to a significantly increased serum adiponectin level independently of the change of body fat during the weight loss intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sawamoto
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - T Nozaki
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - T Furukawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - T Tanahashi
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - C Morita
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - T Hata
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - M Nakashima
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - G Komaki
- School of Health Sciences Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare Fukuoka Japan
| | - N Sudo
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
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Sturgeon K, Digiovanni L, Good J, Salvatore D, Fenderson D, Domchek S, Stopfer J, Galantino ML, Bryan C, Hwang WT, Schmitz K. Exercise-Induced Dose-Response Alterations in Adiponectin and Leptin Levels Are Dependent on Body Fat Changes in Women at Risk for Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:1195-200. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ruan H, Dong LQ. Adiponectin signaling and function in insulin target tissues. J Mol Cell Biol 2016; 8:101-9. [PMID: 26993044 PMCID: PMC4816150 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-linked type 2 diabetes is one of the paramount causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing a major threat on human health, productivity, and quality of life. Despite great progress made towards a better understanding of the molecular basis of diabetes, the available clinical counter-measures against insulin resistance, a defect that is central to obesity-linked type 2 diabetes, remain inadequate. Adiponectin, an abundant adipocyte-secreted factor with a wide-range of biological activities, improves insulin sensitivity in major insulin target tissues, modulates inflammatory responses, and plays a crucial role in the regulation of energy metabolism. However, adiponectin as a promising therapeutic approach has not been thoroughly explored in the context of pharmacological intervention, and extensive efforts are being devoted to gain mechanistic understanding of adiponectin signaling and its regulation, and reveal therapeutic targets. Here, we discuss tissue- and cell-specific functions of adiponectin, with an emphasis on the regulation of adiponectin signaling pathways, and the potential crosstalk between the adiponectin and other signaling pathways involved in metabolic regulation. Understanding better just why and how adiponectin and its downstream effector molecules work will be essential, together with empirical trials, to guide us to therapies that target the root cause(s) of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ruan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lily Q Dong
- Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Solis-Trapala I, Schoenmakers I, Goldberg GR, Prentice A, Ward KA. Sequences of Regressions Distinguish Nonmechanical from Mechanical Associations between Metabolic Factors, Body Composition, and Bone in Healthy Postmenopausal Women. J Nutr 2016; 146:846-854. [PMID: 26962186 PMCID: PMC4807646 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.224485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing recognition of complex interrelations between the endocrine functions of bone and fat tissues or organs. OBJECTIVE The objective was to describe nonmechanical and mechanical links between metabolic factors, body composition, and bone with the use of graphical Markov models. METHODS Seventy postmenopausal women with a mean ± SD age of 62.3 ± 3.7 y and body mass index (in kg/m2) of 24.9 ± 3.8 were recruited. Bone outcomes were peripheral quantitative computed tomography measures of the distal and diaphyseal tibia, cross-sectional area (CSA), volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and cortical CSA. Biomarkers of osteoblast and adipocyte function were plasma concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, osteocalcin, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (UCOC), and phylloquinone. Body composition measurements were lean and percent fat mass, which were derived with the use of a 4-compartment model. Sequences of Regressions, a subclass of graphical Markov models, were used to describe the direct (nonmechanical) and indirect (mechanical) interrelations between metabolic factors and bone by simultaneously modeling multiple bone outcomes and their relation with biomarker outcomes with lean mass, percent fat mass, and height as intermediate explanatory variables. RESULTS The graphical Markov models showed both direct and indirect associations linking plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations with CSA and vBMD. At the distal tibia, lean mass, height, and adiponectin-UCOC interaction were directly explanatory of CSA (R2 = 0.45); at the diaphysis, lean mass, percent fat mass, leptin, osteocalcin, and age-adiponectin interaction were directly explanatory of CSA (R2 = 0.49). The regression models exploring direct associations for vBMD were much weaker, with R2 = 0.15 and 0.18 at the distal and diaphyseal sites, respectively. Lean mass and UCOC were associated, and the global Markov property of the graph indicated that this association was explained by osteocalcin. CONCLUSIONS This study, to our knowledge, offers a novel approach to the description of the complex physiological interrelations between adiponectin, leptin, and osteocalcin and the musculoskeletal system. There may be benefits to jointly targeting both systems to improve bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Solis-Trapala
- Nutrition Studies and Surveys and,Health Services Research Unit, Institute for Science and Technology, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Inez Schoenmakers
- Nutrition and Bone Health, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gail R Goldberg
- Nutrition and Bone Health, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Ann Prentice
- Nutrition and Bone Health, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Kate A Ward
- Nutrition and Bone Health, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Dostal AM, Samavat H, Espejo L, Arikawa AY, Stendell-Hollis NR, Kurzer MS. Green Tea Extract and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotype Modify Fasting Serum Insulin and Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women. J Nutr 2016; 146:38-45. [PMID: 26581683 PMCID: PMC4700981 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.222414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green tea consumption has been associated with favorable changes in body weight and obesity-related hormones, although it is not known whether these changes result from green tea polyphenols or caffeine. OBJECTIVE We examined the impact of decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) containing 843 mg of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on anthropometric variables, obesity-associated hormones, and glucose homeostasis. METHODS The Minnesota Green Tea Trial was a 12-mo randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 937 healthy postmenopausal women assigned to either decaffeinated GTE (1315 mg total catechins/d) or a placebo, stratified by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype. This study was conducted in a subset of 237 overweight and obese participants [body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m(2)]. RESULTS No changes in energy intake, body weight, BMI, or waist circumference (WC) were observed over 12 mo in women taking GTE (n = 117) or placebo (n = 120). No differences were seen in circulating leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, or glucose concentrations at month 12. Participants randomly assigned to GTE with baseline insulin ≥10 μIU/mL (n = 23) had a decrease in fasting serum insulin from baseline to month 12 (-1.43 ± 0.59 μIU/mL), whereas those randomly assigned to placebo with baseline insulin ≥10 μIU/mL (n = 19) had an increase in insulin over 12 mo (0.55 ± 0.64 μIU/mL, P < 0.01). Participants with the homozygous high-activity (G/G) form of COMT had significantly lower adiponectin (5.97 ± 0.50 compared with 7.58 ± 0.53 μg/mL, P = 0.03) and greater insulin concentrations (7.63 ± 0.53 compared with 6.18 ± 0.36 μIU/mL, P = 0.02) at month 12 compared with those with the low-activity (A/A) genotype, regardless of treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Decaffeinated GTE was not associated with reductions in body weight, BMI, or WC and did not alter energy intake or mean hormone concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women over 12 mo. GTE decreased fasting insulin concentrations in those with elevated baseline fasting concentrations. The high-activity form of the COMT enzyme may be associated with elevations in insulin and a reduction in adiponectin concentrations over time. This trial was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00917735.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Dostal
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - Hamed Samavat
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - Luis Espejo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - Andrea Y Arikawa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL; and
| | - Nicole R Stendell-Hollis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA
| | - Mindy S Kurzer
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN;
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Shishehbor F, Mohammad shahi M, Zarei M, Saki A, Zakerkish M, Shirani F, Zare M. Effects of Concentrated Pomegranate Juice on Subclinical Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2016; 14:e33835. [PMID: 27279834 PMCID: PMC4895098 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.33835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health benefits of pomegranate juice have been reported in several studies. However, limited clinical trials have examined the effects of concentrated pomegranate juice (CPJ) on inflammatory factors. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effects of CPJ on metabolic risk factors, including inflammatory biomarkers, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a quasi-experiment trial, 40 type 2 diabetic patients were asked to consume 50 g of CPJ daily for 4 weeks. Anthropometric indices, dietary intake, blood pressure measurements, and fasting blood samples were conducted at baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS The intake of CPJ produced a significant increase in both total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (4.7% and 3.9%, respectively) from baseline (P < 0.05). However, changes that were observed in serum triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose, and blood pressure were not statistically significant. Administration of CPJ caused significant reduction in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P < 0.05), but tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) remained unchanged during the study. The mean value of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was substantially increased (~ 75%) from 381.88 ± 114.4 at baseline to 1501 ± 817 after 4 weeks of CPJ consumption. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of CPJ (50 g/day) appears to have favorable effects on some markers of subclinical inflammation, and to increase plasma concentrations of antioxidants in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Shishehbor
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Majid Mohammad shahi
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Azadeh Saki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Zakerkish
- Health Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shirani
- Nutrition Paramedical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Zare
- Nutrition Department, Arvand International Division, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
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75
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Pereira RI, Low Wang CC, Wolfe P, Havranek EP, Long CS, Bessesen DH. Associations of Adiponectin with Adiposity, Insulin Sensitivity, and Diet in Young, Healthy, Mexican Americans and Non-Latino White Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 13:ijerph13010054. [PMID: 26703682 PMCID: PMC4730445 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Low circulating adiponectin levels may contribute to higher diabetes risk among Mexican Americans (MA) compared to non-Latino whites (NLW). Our objective was to determine if among young healthy adult MAs have lower adiponectin than NLWs, independent of differences in adiposity. In addition, we explored associations between adiponectin and diet. This was an observational, cross-sectional study of healthy MA and NLW adults living in Colorado (U.S.A.). We measured plasma total adiponectin, adiposity (BMI, and visceral adipose tissue), insulin sensitivity (IVGTT), and self-reported dietary intake in 43 MA and NLW adults. Mean adiponectin levels were 40% lower among MA than NLW (5.8 ± 3.3 vs. 10.7 ± 4.2 µg/mL, p = 0.0003), and this difference persisted after controlling for age, sex, BMI, and visceral adiposity. Lower adiponectin in MA was associated with lower insulin sensitivity (R2 = 0.42, p < 0.01). Lower adiponectin was also associated with higher dietary glycemic index, lower intake of vegetables, higher intake of trans fat, and higher intake of grains. Our findings confirm that ethnic differences in adiponectin reflect differences in insulin sensitivity, but suggest that these are not due to differences in adiposity. Observed associations between adiponectin and diet support the need for future studies exploring the regulation of adiponectin by diet and other environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio I Pereira
- Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO 80204, USA.
| | | | - Pamela Wolfe
- Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | | | - Carlin S Long
- Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO 80204, USA.
| | - Daniel H Bessesen
- Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO 80204, USA.
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76
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Almers LM, Graham JE, Havel PJ, Corley DA. Adiponectin May Modify the Risk of Barrett's Esophagus in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13:2256-64.e1-3. [PMID: 25632808 PMCID: PMC4515407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Abdominal obesity and increasing body mass index are risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma and its main precursor, Barrett's esophagus; however, there are no known biological mechanisms for these associations or regarding why only some patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease develop Barrett's esophagus. We evaluated the association between Barrett's esophagus and multimers of an adipose-associated hormone, adiponectin. METHODS We conducted a case-control study evaluating the associations between adiponectin (total, high-molecular-weight, and low-/medium-molecular-weight) and Barrett's esophagus within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population. Patients with a new diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus (cases) were matched to patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) without Barrett's esophagus and to population controls. RESULTS Complete serologic and epidemiologic data were available for 284 cases, 294 GERD controls, and 285 population controls. Increasing adiponectin levels were a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus among patients with GERD (total adiponectin fourth vs first quartile odds ratio [OR], 1.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.27; high-molecular-weight adiponectin OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.00-2.73; low-/medium-molecular-weight adiponectin OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.33-3.56), but not compared with population controls. The associations were significantly stronger among patients reporting frequent GERD symptoms and among smokers (P values interaction < .01). CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin levels are associated positively with the risk of Barrett's esophagus among patients with GERD and among smokers, but not among population controls without GERD symptoms. Higher adiponectin concentrations either independently may contribute to the aberrant healing of esophageal injury into Barrett's esophagus or be a marker for other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy M Almers
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California
| | - James E Graham
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Peter J Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California
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77
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Freitas Lima LC, Braga VDA, do Socorro de França Silva M, Cruz JDC, Sousa Santos SH, de Oliveira Monteiro MM, Balarini CDM. Adipokines, diabetes and atherosclerosis: an inflammatory association. Front Physiol 2015; 6:304. [PMID: 26578976 PMCID: PMC4630286 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases can be considered the most important cause of death in diabetic population and diabetes can in turn increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Inflammation process is currently recognized as responsible for the development and maintenance of diverse chronic diseases, including diabetes and atherosclerosis. Considering that adipose tissue is an important source of adipokines, which may present anti and proinflammatory effects, the aim of this review is to explore the role of the main adipokines in the pathophysiology of diabetes and atherosclerosis, highlighting the therapeutic options that could arise from the manipulation of these signaling pathways both in humans and in translational models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valdir de Andrade Braga
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba)Joao Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Josiane de Campos Cruz
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba)Joao Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Sérgio H. Sousa Santos
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
- Health Science Post-Graduate Program, State University of Montes ClarosMontes Claros, Brazil
| | | | - Camille de Moura Balarini
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba)Joao Pessoa, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba)Joao Pessoa, Brazil
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78
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Shrestha A, Nepal S, Kim MJ, Chang JH, Kim SH, Jeong GS, Jeong CH, Park GH, Jung S, Lim J, Cho E, Lee S, Park PH. Critical Role of AMPK/FoxO3A Axis in Globular Adiponectin-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Cancer Cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:357-69. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Saroj Nepal
- College of Pharmacy; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy; Keimyung University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy; Keimyung University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Hwan Park
- College of Pharmacy; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghee Jung
- Radioisotope Research Division, Department of Research Reactor Utilization; Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Jaecheong Lim
- Radioisotope Research Division, Department of Research Reactor Utilization; Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Cho
- Radioisotope Research Division, Department of Research Reactor Utilization; Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Radioisotope Research Division, Department of Research Reactor Utilization; Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Republic of Korea
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79
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Kim JY, Yadav D, Ahn SV, Koh SB. A prospective study of serum adiponectin and regression of metabolic syndrome: The ARIRANG study. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 466:201-5. [PMID: 26361142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Increased serum adiponectin levels may play a protective role in metabolic syndrome. However, few prospective studies have examined the effect of serum adiponectin in the improvement of metabolic components in subjects with metabolic syndrome. We investigated the association of serum adiponectin levels with the regression of metabolic syndrome in a population-based longitudinal study. A total of 1308 adults (575 men and 733 women) with metabolic syndrome at baseline were examined and followed. Baseline serum adiponectin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. During an average of 2.6 years of follow-up, metabolic syndrome had disappeared in 184 men (29.8%) and 235 women (32.1%). In multivariable adjusted models, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for regression of metabolic syndrome comparing the highest to the lowest quartiles of adiponectin levels was 0.93 (0.56-1.53) in men and 2.48 (1.54-4.01) in women. Increased serum adiponectin is a predictor for the regression of metabolic syndrome in women. Adiponectin may have potential therapeutic applications in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea; Institute of Genomic Cohort, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Song Vogue Ahn
- Institute of Genomic Cohort, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Baek Koh
- Institute of Genomic Cohort, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
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80
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The emerging role of adiponectin in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1887-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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81
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DeClercq V, d'Eon B, McLeod RS. Fatty acids increase adiponectin secretion through both classical and exosome pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1123-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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82
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Xue B, Nie J, Wang X, DuBois DC, Jusko WJ, Almon RR. Effects of High Fat Feeding on Adipose Tissue Gene Expression in Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats. GENE REGULATION AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2015; 9:15-26. [PMID: 26309393 PMCID: PMC4533846 DOI: 10.4137/grsb.s25172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development and progression of type 2 diabetes is a complex interaction between genetics and environmental influences. High dietary fat is one environmental factor that is conducive to the development of insulin-resistant diabetes. In the present report, we compare the responses of lean poly-genic, diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats to those of control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats fed a high fat diet from weaning to 20 weeks of age. This comparison included a wide array of physiological measurements along with gene expression profiling of abdominal adipose tissue using Affymetrix gene array chips. Animals of both strains fed a high fat diet or a normal diet were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks for this comparison. The microarray analysis revealed that the two strains developed different adaptations to increased dietary fat. WKY rats decrease fatty acid synthesis and lipogenic processes whereas GK rats increase lipid elimination. However, on both diets the major differences between the two strains remained essentially the same. Specifically relative to the WKY strain, the GK strain showed lipoatrophy, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Xue
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Debra C DuBois
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - William J Jusko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. ; New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard R Almon
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. ; New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
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83
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Boura P, Loukides S, Grapsa D, Achimastos A, Syrigos K. The diverse roles of adiponectin in non-small-cell lung cancer: current data and future perspectives. Future Oncol 2015; 11:2193-203. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.15.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there is growing research interest for the biological role of adipose tissue-derived bioactive factors, mainly including adipokines, in various forms of cancer. Adiponectin (APN) is the most abundant circulating adipokine, and a key mediator of several cancer-related processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, regulation of tumor cell invasion and angiogenesis. In this review we summarize and critically discuss the published literature on the diverse roles of APN in non-small-cell lung cancer, including its implication in lung cancer development, its use as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and its correlation with cancer-related cachexia. The main challenges and future perspectives, mainly with regard to the potential development of APN-targeted therapeutic agents in cancer therapeutics, are also briefly presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Boura
- Oncology Unit GPP, ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Mesogion 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos Loukides
- Oncology Unit GPP, ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Mesogion 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Grapsa
- Oncology Unit GPP, ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Mesogion 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos Achimastos
- Oncology Unit GPP, ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Mesogion 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Syrigos
- Oncology Unit GPP, ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Mesogion 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
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84
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Thompson HJ, Sedlacek SM, Wolfe P, Paul D, Lakoski SG, Playdon MC, McGinley JN, Matthews SB. Impact of Weight Loss on Plasma Leptin and Adiponectin in Overweight-to-Obese Post Menopausal Breast Cancer Survivors. Nutrients 2015; 7:5156-76. [PMID: 26132992 PMCID: PMC4516992 DOI: 10.3390/nu7075156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Women who are obese at the time of breast cancer diagnosis have higher overall mortality than normal weight women and some evidence implicates adiponectin and leptin as contributing to prognostic disadvantage. While intentional weight loss is thought to improve prognosis, its impact on these adipokines is unclear. This study compared the pattern of change in plasma leptin and adiponectin in overweight-to-obese post-menopausal breast cancer survivors during weight loss. Given the controversies about what dietary pattern is most appropriate for breast cancer control and regulation of adipokine metabolism, the effect of a low fat versus a low carbohydrate pattern was evaluated using a non-randomized, controlled study design. Anthropometric data and fasted plasma were obtained monthly during the six-month weight loss intervention. While leptin was associated with fat mass, adiponectin was not, and the lack of correlation between leptin and adiponectin concentrations throughout weight loss implies independent mechanisms of regulation. The temporal pattern of change in leptin but not adiponectin was affected by magnitude of weight loss. Dietary pattern was without effect on either adipokine. Mechanisms not directly related to dietary pattern, weight loss, or fat mass appear to play dominant roles in the regulation of circulating levels of these adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1173, USA.
| | - Scot M Sedlacek
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1173, USA.
- Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO 80220, USA.
| | - Pamela Wolfe
- Colorado Biostatistics Consortium, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Devchand Paul
- Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Denver, CO 80220, USA.
| | - Susan G Lakoski
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | - Mary C Playdon
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1173, USA.
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - John N McGinley
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1173, USA.
| | - Shawna B Matthews
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1173, USA.
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Cetinkunar S, Erdem H, Aktimur R, Sozen S. Effect of bariatric surgery on humoral control of metabolic derangements in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: How it works. World J Clin Cases 2015; 3:504-509. [PMID: 26090370 PMCID: PMC4468896 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i6.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes is a co-pandemic and a major health concern that is expanding. It has many psychosocial and economic consequences due to morbidity and mortality of this disease combination. The pathophysiology of obesity and related diabetes is complex and multifactorial. One arm of this disease process is the genetic susceptibility. Other arm is dependent on the intricate neuro-humoral factors that converge in the central nerve system. Gut hormones and the adipose tissue derived factors plays an important role in this delicate network. Bariatric surgery provides the only durable option for treatment of obesity and furthermore it provides a remission in the concomitant diseases that accompany obesity. This review provides a brief insight to all these mechanisms and tries to deduce the possible reasons of remission of type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery.
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86
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Albers PH, Bojsen-Møller KN, Dirksen C, Serup AK, Kristensen DE, Frystyk J, Clausen TR, Kiens B, Richter EA, Madsbad S, Wojtaszewski JFP. Enhanced insulin signaling in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue following gastric bypass surgery. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2015; 309:R510-24. [PMID: 26062634 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00228.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) leads to increased peripheral insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of RYGB on expression and regulation of proteins involved in regulation of peripheral glucose metabolism. Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue biopsies from glucose-tolerant and type 2 diabetic subjects at fasting and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp before as well as 1 wk and 3 and 12 mo after RYGB were analyzed for relevant insulin effector proteins/signaling components. Improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity mainly occurred at 12 mo postsurgery when major weight loss was evident and occurred concomitantly with alterations in plasma adiponectin and in protein expression/signaling in peripheral tissues. In skeletal muscle, protein expression of GLUT4, phosphorylated levels of TBC1D4, as well as insulin-induced changes in phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase activity were enhanced 12 mo postsurgery. In adipose tissue, protein expression of GLUT4, Akt2, TBC1D4, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), phosphorylated levels of AMP-activated protein kinase and ACC, as well as insulin-induced changes in phosphorylation of Akt and TBC1D4, were enhanced 12 mo postsurgery. Adipose tissue from glucose-tolerant subjects was the most responsive to RYGB compared with type 2 diabetic patients, whereas changes in skeletal muscle were largely similar in these two groups. In conclusion, an improved molecular insulin-sensitive phenotype of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue appears to contribute to the improved whole body insulin action following a substantial weight loss after RYGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Albers
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, the August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Diabetes Research Unit, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Kirstine N Bojsen-Møller
- Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
| | - Carsten Dirksen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
| | - Annette K Serup
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, the August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte E Kristensen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, the August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Frystyk
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Bente Kiens
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, the August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik A Richter
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, the August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, the August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;
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Syrbe U, Callhoff J, Conrad K, Poddubnyy D, Haibel H, Junker S, Frommer KW, Müller-Ladner U, Neumann E, Sieper J. Serum adipokine levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and their relationship to clinical parameters and radiographic spinal progression. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:678-85. [PMID: 25417763 DOI: 10.1002/art.38968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipokines have metabolic and inflammatory functions but can also affect bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin and markers of inflammation, disease activity, and radiographic spinal progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS Levels of adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin in the serum of 86 AS patients and 25 healthy controls were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline. Radiographic spinal progression was determined by the scoring of radiographs of the spine obtained at baseline and after 2 years. RESULTS Mean (±SD) baseline levels of resistin and visfatin were significantly higher in AS patients than in healthy controls (11.6 ± 10.6 ng/ml versus 6.6 ± 3.2 ng/ml [P = 0.01] for resistin, and 20.9 ± 48.3 ng/ml versus 3.4 ± 2.6 ng/ml [P = 0.001] for visfatin). Adipokine serum levels did not correlate with disease activity or functional indices. Only resistin serum levels correlated with markers of inflammation. Baseline levels of visfatin, but not resistin or adiponectin, were significantly higher in patients with worsening of the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS) by ≥2 units after 2 years (n = 19) as compared to patients without mSASSS worsening (37.7 ± 57.8 ng/ml versus 16.1 ± 44.6 ng/ml; P = 0.029) and in patients with syndesmophyte formation/progression (n = 22) as compared to patients without such progression (37.1 ± 55.3 ng/ml versus 15.3 ± 44.8 ng/ml; P = 0.023). Visfatin levels of >8 ng/ml at baseline were predictive of subsequent radiographic spinal progression (adjusted odds ratio 3.6 for mSASSS progression and 5.4 for syndesmophyte formation/progression). CONCLUSION Serum levels of resistin and visfatin are elevated in AS patients. Elevated visfatin levels at baseline are predictive of subsequent progression of radiographic damage in AS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta Syrbe
- Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, and Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
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A low-fat high-carbohydrate diet reduces plasma total adiponectin concentrations compared to a moderate-fat diet with no impact on biomarkers of systemic inflammation in a randomized controlled feeding study. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:237-46. [PMID: 25648736 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We compared the effects of a eucaloric moderate-fat diet (18% protein, 36% fat, and 46% carbohydrate), a eucaloric low-fat high-carbohydrate diet (18% protein, 18% fat, and 64% carbohydrate), and a low-calorie (33% reduced) low-fat high-carbohydrate diet on biomarkers of systemic inflammation. METHODS We randomly assigned 102 participants (age 21-76 years and BMI 19.2-35.5 kg/m(2)) to the three different diets for 6 weeks in a parallel design intervention trial. All foods were provided. Ninety-three participants completed all study procedures; 92 were included in the analyses. Endpoints included plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II (sTNFRI and II), and adiponectin. RESULTS In the unadjusted primary analyses, none of the endpoints were differentially affected by the dietary interventions despite the significantly greater reductions in body weight and fat mass in participants consuming the low-calorie low-fat diet compared to the eucaloric diets (p < 0.001). When including weight change in the model in secondary analysis, adiponectin tended to be increased with weight loss (time × weight change interaction, p = 0.051). Adjusted for weight change, adiponectin was reduced in the groups consuming the low-fat diets relative to the moderate-fat diet (p = 0.008). No effect of the intervention diets or weight loss on CRP, IL-6, or sTNFRI and II was seen in these secondary analyses. CONCLUSIONS In relatively healthy adults, moderate weight loss had minimal effects on systemic inflammation, and raised plasma adiponectin only modestly. A lower dietary fat and higher carbohydrate content had little impact on measures of systemic inflammation, but reduced adiponectin concentrations compared to a moderate-fat diet. The latter may be of concern given the consistent and strong inverse association of plasma adiponectin with many chronic diseases.
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Drouin-Chartier JP, Gagnon J, Labonté MÈ, Desroches S, Charest A, Grenier G, Dodin S, Lemieux S, Couture P, Lamarche B. Impact of milk consumption on cardiometabolic risk in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity. Nutr J 2015; 14:12. [PMID: 25604722 PMCID: PMC4328687 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-14-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of dairy intake on cardiometabolic risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) needs further research. Objective To investigate the impact of milk consumption on a wide array of cardiometabolic risk factors associated with MetS (blood lipids, cholesterol homeostasis, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, blood pressure, endothelial function) in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity. Methods In this randomized, crossover study, 27 women with abdominal obesity consumed two 6-week diets based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), one with 3.2 servings/d of 2% fat milk per 2000 kcal (MILK) and one without milk or other dairy (NCEP). The macronutrient composition of both diets was comparable (55% carbohydrates, 15% proteins, 30% fat and 10% saturated fat). Results The MILK diet had no significant effect on LDL-C, triglycerides, LDL size, CRP and cell adhesion molecule concentrations and on indicators of insulin sensitivity. The MILK diet reduced HDL-C, adiponectin, endothelin and fasting glucose levels as well blood pressure (all P ≤ 0.01), but those changes were comparable to those seen with the NCEP milk-free diet (all between-diet P ≥ 0.07). Finally, the MILK diet was associated with lower VLDL apolipoprotein B fractional catabolic rate (−13.4%; P = 0.04) and plasma sterol concentrations (−12.0%; P = 0.04) compared with the control NCEP milk-free diet. Conclusions These data suggest that short-term consumption of low fat milk in the context of a prudent NCEP diet has no favorable nor deleterious effect on cardiometabolic risk factors associated with MetS in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2891-14-12) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Benoît Lamarche
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Omar F, Dave JA, King JA, Levitt NS, Pillay TS. High Molecular Weight (HMW): total adiponectin ratio is low in hiv-infected women receiving protease inhibitors. BMC Clin Pathol 2014; 14:46. [PMID: 25580091 PMCID: PMC4289558 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6890-14-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At the time of the study, the HIV-treatment policy in South Africa included highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens 1 (nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) only), and 2 (protease inhibitors (PI) and NRTIs). HAART is associated with the lipodystrophy syndrome, insulin resistance and reduced total adiponectin (TA) levels. The high molecular weight (HMW):TA ratio is a superior marker of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to establish whether HMW:TA ratios are low in patients on PIs and whether they correlate with insulin resistance. Methods This was a cross-sectional study undertaken in an antiretroviral clinic at a tertiary hospital. The participants were 66 HIV-infected females: 22 were on regimen 2 (PI group), 22 on regimen 1 (non-PI) and 22 treatment naïve (TN), matched for BMI and age. Patients with a history of diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance were excluded. Serum adiponectin multimers were analysed using the AlpcoTM Adiponectin (Multimeric) enzyme immunoassay. Waist hip ratios (WHR), glucose and insulin levels were assessed, and HOMA-IR and QUICKI calculated. Data were analysed non-parametrically and multivariate analysis was performed. Results TA and HMW levels were lower in the treatment groups than in the TN group. HMW:TA was lower in the PI than in the non-PI and TN groups, and in the non-PI than in the TN groups. HMW:TA correlated negatively with waist, insulin and HOMA-IR, independently of BMI and duration of therapy. HOMA-IR and QUICKI did not differ among the groups. Conclusion HMW:TA is significantly decreased with HAART (particularly with PIs, but also with non-PIs) and may be a more sensitive marker of insulin resistance in these patients than conventional markers or HMW and total adiponectin individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fierdoz Omar
- Division of Chemical Pathology, C17 NHLS, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925 South Africa
| | - Joel A Dave
- Division of Diabetic Medicine and Endocrinology, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Judy A King
- Division of Chemical Pathology, C17 NHLS, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925 South Africa
| | - Naomi S Levitt
- Division of Diabetic Medicine and Endocrinology, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tahir S Pillay
- Division of Chemical Pathology, C17 NHLS, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925 South Africa ; Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Pretoria and NHLS Tshwane Academic Division/Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Tshwane, South Africa
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91
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Malin SK, Bena J, Abood B, Pothier CE, Bhatt DL, Nissen S, Brethauer SA, Schauer PR, Kirwan JP, Kashyap SR. Attenuated improvements in adiponectin and fat loss characterize type 2 diabetes non-remission status after bariatric surgery. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014; 16:1230-8. [PMID: 25132119 PMCID: PMC4227926 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the metabolic determinants of type 2 diabetes non-remission status after bariatric surgery at 12 and 24 months. METHODS A total of 40 adults [mean ± sd body mass index 36 ± 3 kg/m(2) , age 48 ± 9 years, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 9.7 ± 2%) undergoing bariatric surgery [Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG)] were enrolled in the present study, the Surgical Treatment and Medication Potentially Eradicate Diabetes Efficiently (STAMPEDE) trial. Type 2 diabetes remission was defined as HbA1c <6.5% and fasting glucose <126 mg/dl (i.e. <7 mmol/l) without antidiabetic medication. Indices of insulin secretion and sensitivity were calculated from plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide values during a 120-min mixed-meal tolerance test. Body fat, incretins (glucagon-like polypeptide-1, gastric inhibitory peptide, ghrelin) and adipokines [adiponectin, leptin, tumour necrosis factor-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)] were also assessed. RESULTS At 24 months, 37 patients had available follow-up data (RYGB, n = 18; SG, n = 19). Bariatric surgery induced type 2 diabetes remission rates of 40 and 27% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Total fat/abdominal fat loss, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and β-cell function (C-peptide0-120 /glucose0-120 × Matsuda index) improved more in those with remission at 12 and 24 months than in those without remission. Incretin levels were unrelated to type 2 diabetes remission, but, compared with those without remission, hs-CRP decreased and adiponectin increased more in those with remission. Only baseline adiponectin level predicted lower HbA1c levels at 12 and 24 months, and elevated adiponectin correlated with enhanced β-cell function, lower triglyceride levels and fat loss. CONCLUSIONS Smaller rises in adiponectin level, a mediator of insulin action and adipose mass, characterize type 2 diabetes non-remission up to 2 years after bariatric surgery. Adjunctive strategies promoting greater fat loss and/or raising adiponectin may be key to achieving higher type 2 diabetes remission rates after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K. Malin
- Dept of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
- Dept of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - James Bena
- Dept of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Beth Abood
- Dept of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Claire E. Pothier
- Dept of Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven Nissen
- Dept of Heart and Vascular, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Stacy A. Brethauer
- Dept of Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrine and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Philip R. Schauer
- Dept of Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrine and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Dept of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrine and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
- Dept of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Sangeeta R. Kashyap
- Dept of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrine and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, USA
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Finelli C, Padula MC, Martelli G, Tarantino G. Could the improvement of obesity-related co-morbidities depend on modified gut hormones secretion? World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:16649-16664. [PMID: 25469034 PMCID: PMC4248209 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i44.16649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its associated diseases are a worldwide epidemic disease. Usual weight loss cures - as diets, physical activity, behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy - have been continuously implemented but still have relatively poor long-term success and mainly scarce adherence. Bariatric surgery is to date the most effective long term treatment for morbid obesity and it has been proven to reduce obesity-related co-morbidities, among them nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and mortality. This article summarizes such variations in gut hormones following the current metabolic surgery procedures. The profile of gut hormonal changes after bariatric surgery represents a strategy for the individuation of the most performing surgical procedures to achieve clinical results. About this topic, experts suggest that the individuation of the crosslink among the gut hormones, microbiome, the obesity and the bariatric surgery could lead to new and more specific therapeutic interventions for severe obesity and its co-morbidities, also non surgical.
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93
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Rönn M, Lind L, Örberg J, Kullberg J, Söderberg S, Larsson A, Johansson L, Ahlström H, Lind PM. Bisphenol A is related to circulating levels of adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin, but not to fat mass or fat distribution in humans. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:42-48. [PMID: 25048886 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to induce obesity in experimental studies, we explored the associations between BPA and fat mass, fat distribution and circulating levels of adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin in humans. METHODS In the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS), fat mass and fat distribution were determined in 70-year-old men and women (n=890) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n=287). Serum levels of BPA were analyzed using isotope liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometer (API4000LC-MS/MS). Hormone levels were analyzed with radioimmunoassays (RIA) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Imaging was performed approximately two years following collection of other data. RESULTS Serum concentrations of BPA were not related to adipose tissue measurements by DXA or MRI. BPA associated positively with adiponectin and leptin, but negatively with ghrelin, following adjustments for sex, height, fat mass, lean mass, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, energy intake, and educational levels (p<0.001, p=0.009, p<0.001, respectively). The relationship between BPA and ghrelin was stronger in women than in men. CONCLUSION Although no relationships between BPA levels and measures of fat mass were seen, BPA associated strongly with the adipokines adiponectin and leptin and with the gut-hormone ghrelin suggesting that BPA may interfere with hormonal control of hunger and satiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rönn
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Örberg
- Department of Organismal Biology, Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Department of Radiology, Oncology, and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Söderberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, and Heart Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Johansson
- Department of Radiology, Oncology, and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Department of Radiology, Oncology, and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Monica Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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94
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Charles LE, Burchfiel CM, Sarkisian K, Li S, Miller DB, Gu JK, Fekedulegn D, Violanti JM, Andrew ME. Leptin, adiponectin, and heart rate variability among police officers. Am J Hum Biol 2014; 27:184-91. [PMID: 25270126 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Police officers have a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) is known to increase CVD risk. Leptin and adiponectin may be related to CVD health. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the relationship between these variables and HRV. METHODS Leptin and adiponectin levels were measured in 388 officers from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress study. HRV was assessed according to methods published by the Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing Electrophysiology for measurement and analysis of HRV. Mean values of high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) HRV were compared across tertiles of leptin and adiponectin using analysis of variance and analysis of covariance; trends were assessed using linear regression models. RESULTS Leptin, but not adiponectin, was significantly and inversely associated with HRV. Body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat significantly modified the association between leptin and LF (but not HF) HRV. Among officers with BMI < 25 kg/m(2) , leptin was not significantly associated with HRV. However, among officers with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) , leptin was inversely associated with HRV, after adjustment for age, gender, and race/ethnicity; HF HRV, P = 0.019 and LF HRV, P < 0.0001. Similarly, among officers with percent body fat ≥ 25.5%, leptin and LF HRV showed significant, inverse associations (adjusted P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Leptin levels were inversely associated with LF HRV, especially among officers with increased adiposity. Increased leptin levels may be associated with CVD-related health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luenda E Charles
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
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95
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Baziar N, Jafarian K, Shadman Z, Qorbani M, Khoshniat Nikoo M, Abd Mishani M. Effect of therapeutic dose of vitamin d on serum adiponectin and glycemia in vitamin d-insufficient or deficient type 2 diabetic patients. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e21458. [PMID: 25593737 PMCID: PMC4270651 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.21458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Lower vitamin D status has been reported in diabetic patients. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and adiponectin were inversely associated with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Vitamin D may involve in regulation of the adiponectin levels, which is directly related to insulin sensitivity. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of therapeutic dose of vitamin D on serum adiponectin and insulin resistance in vitamin D-insufficient or deficient type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This double-blind, randomized, clinical trial was conducted on 81 type 2 diabetic patients with vitamin D level of 10-30 ng/mL. Intervention was 50000 IU vitamin D or placebo once a week for 8 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, blood samples were collected after 12 hours of fasting and serum glucose, insulin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and adiponectin were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results: After 8-week intervention, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D significantly increased and reached the normal levels in patients receiving vitamin D (P < 0.001) and the levels of fasting serum glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased (P = 0.04, 0.02 and 0.007, respectively). No significant changes were observed in these levels in the placebo group. Significant differences were observed in mean changes in the above-mentioned variables between the two groups (P = 0.01, 0.04 and 0.006, respectively). No significant changes were found in serum adiponectin in the vitamin D and placebo groups (P = 0.83). Conclusions: Therapeutic dose of vitamin D can improve vitamin D status and glycemic indicators. But it seems that an 8-week intervention period was not sufficient to reveal the possible effects of vitamin D on serum adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Baziar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Kurosh Jafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Zhaleh Shadman
- Research Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Department of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, IR Iran
- Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mohsen Khoshniat Nikoo
- Research Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mohsen Khoshniat Nikoo, Research Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2188220094; Ext: 5; Fax: +98-2188220052, E-mail:
| | - Mahshid Abd Mishani
- Research Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Clark EM, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Deanfield JE, Ness AR, Tobias JH. Association between components of body composition and scoliosis: a prospective cohort study reporting differences identifiable before the onset of scoliosis. J Bone Miner Res 2014; 29:1729-36. [PMID: 24616164 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing body of research suggesting that low body weight is associated with scoliosis, but this is based on case-control studies, which are prone to bias. No studies have investigated the components of body weight: fat and lean mass. We have therefore carried out the first population-based prospective study of the association between fat and lean mass at age 10 years assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), with presence of scoliosis at age 15 years using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). All children with scoliosis at age 10 years were excluded. Of 5299 children at age 15 years, 312 (5.9%) had scoliosis. Our results show a negative association between body mass index (BMI)/body weight at age 10 years and scoliosis at age 15 years, with a 20% reduced risk of scoliosis per SD increase in BMI (odds ratio [OR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-0.92; p = 0.001). This association with BMI/body weight reflects associations with both fat mass and lean mass. After adjustment for age, gender, leg length, and fat mass per SD increase in lean mass, there was a 20% reduced risk of scoliosis (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65-0.97) and per SD increase in fat mass there was a 13% reduced risk of scoliosis (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.74-1.03). In terms of adipocyte function, an inverse association was seen between leptin at age 10 years and scoliosis (OR for scoliosis per SD increase in leptin of 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63-0.99), and a positive association between adiponectin at age 10 years and scoliosis (OR for scoliosis per SD increase in adiponectin of 1.44; 95% CI, 0.99-2.10). This is the first study to address the association between the individual components of body weight and scoliosis in a prospective cohort study, and shows altered body composition that is present before the onset of clinically detected scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Clark
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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97
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Webb SL, Edwards CM. Novel therapeutic targets in myeloma bone disease. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:3765-76. [PMID: 24750110 PMCID: PMC4128042 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic disorder of plasma cells characterized by clonal proliferation within the bone marrow. One of the major clinical features of multiple myeloma is the destructive osteolytic bone disease that occurs in the majority of patients. Myeloma bone disease is associated with increased osteoclast activity and suppression of osteoblastogenesis. Bisphosphonates have been the mainstay of treatment for many years; however, their use is limited by their inability to repair existing bone loss. Therefore, research into novel approaches for the treatment of myeloma bone disease is of the utmost importance. This review will discuss the current advances in our understanding of osteoclast stimulation and osteoblast suppression mechanisms in myeloma bone disease and the treatments that are under development to target this destructive and debilitating feature of myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Webb
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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98
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Feizollahzadeh S, Rasuli J, Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M. Augmented plasma adiponectin after prolonged fasting during ramadan in men. Health Promot Perspect 2014; 4:77-81. [PMID: 25097840 DOI: 10.5681/hpp.2014.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent fasting during Ramadan entails major changes in metabolism and energy expenditure. This study sought to determine effect of the Ramadan fasting on serum levels of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as two inter-related peptides involved in cells sensitivity to insulin and glucose metabolism. METHODS Total of seventy healthy men, with age range equal or greater than 30, with at least three type2 diabetes mellitus (DM) risk factors were selected. Serum lipid profile, anthropometric indices and plasma glucose levels were determined using conventional methods. Also, serum adiponectin and TNF- α concentra-tions were assessed using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay. Data were analyzed by paired t-test. RESULTS Ramadan fasting resulted in a significant increase of serum adiponectin (P< 0.000), fasting glucose (P< 0.000) and triglycride (P< 0.001). Body mass index was lowered during the fasting (P< 0.000). Finally, no remarkable decrease was found in serum TNF-α levels (P= 0.100). CONCLUSION Ramadan fasting resulted in augmented adipo-nectin levels which may help in improving metabolic stress induced by insulin resistance in men with predisposing factors of type2 DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Feizollahzadeh
- Department of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratories, Shahid Madani Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Javad Rasuli
- Department of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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99
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Mc Auley MT, Mooney KM. Lipid metabolism and hormonal interactions: impact on cardiovascular disease and healthy aging. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2014; 9:357-367. [PMID: 30763995 DOI: 10.1586/17446651.2014.921569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Populations in developed nations are aging gradually; it is predicted that by 2050 almost a quarter of the world's population will be over 60 years old, more than twice the figure at the turn of the 20th century. Although we are living longer, this does not mean the extra years will be spent in good health. Cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of ill health and their prevalence increases with age. Traditionally, lipid biomarkers have been utilized to stratify disease risk and predict the onset of cardiovascular events. However, recent evidence suggests that hormonal interplay with lipid metabolism could have a significant role to play in modulating cardiovascular disease risk. This review will explore recent findings which have investigated the role hormones have on the dynamics of lipid metabolism. The aim is to offer an insight into potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Mc Auley
- a School of Health Sciences, Liverpool Hope University, Taggart Avenue, Liverpool, L16 1JD, UK
| | - Kathleen M Mooney
- b Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, UK
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Deterioration of plasticity and metabolic homeostasis in the brain of the UCD-T2DM rat model of naturally occurring type-2 diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:1313-23. [PMID: 24840661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of type-2 diabetes is becoming a pressing issue based on emerging reports that T2DM can also adversely impact mental health. We have utilized the UCD-T2DM rat model in which the onset of T2DM develops spontaneously across time and can serve to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes in humans. An increased insulin resistance index and plasma glucose levels manifested the onset of T2DM. There was a decrease in hippocampal insulin receptor signaling in the hippocampus, which correlated with peripheral insulin resistance index along the course of diabetes onset (r=-0.56, p<0.01). T2DM increased the hippocampal levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE; a marker of lipid peroxidation) in inverse proportion to the changes in the mitochondrial regulator PGC-1α. Disrupted energy homeostasis was further manifested by a concurrent reduction in energy metabolic markers, including TFAM, SIRT1, and AMPK phosphorylation. In addition, T2DM influenced brain plasticity as evidenced by a significant reduction of BDNF-TrkB signaling. These results suggest that the pathology of T2DM in the brain involves a progressive and coordinated disruption of insulin signaling, and energy homeostasis, with profound consequences for brain function and plasticity. All the described consequences of T2DM were attenuated by treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide. Similar results to those of liraglutide were obtained by exposing T2DM rats to a food energy restricted diet, which suggest that normalization of brain energy metabolism is a crucial factor to counteract central insulin sensitivity and synaptic plasticity associated with T2DM.
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