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A tale of two cinnamons: A comparative review of the clinical evidence of Cinnamomum verum and C. cassia as diabetes interventions. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sanlier N, Gencer F. Role of spices in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: A minireview. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1356893. [PMID: 32148647 PMCID: PMC7042557 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1356893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that majorly affects the endocrine gland, and it is symbolized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance owing to deficient insulin secretory responses and beta cell dysfunction. This ailment affects as many as 451 million people worldwide, and it is also one of the leading causes of death. In spite of the immense advances made in the development of orthodox antidiabetic drugs, these drugs are often considered not successful for the management and treatment of T2DM due to the myriad side effects associated with them. Thus, the exploration of medicinal herbs and natural products as therapeutic sources for the treatment of T2DM is promoted because they have little or no side effects. Bioactive molecules isolated from natural sources have been proven to lower blood glucose levels via regulating one or more of the following mechanisms: improvement of beta cell function, insulin resistance, glucose (re)absorption, and glucagon-like peptide-1 homeostasis. In recent times, the mechanisms of action of different bioactive molecules with antidiabetic properties and phytochemistry are gaining a lot of attention in the area of drug discovery. This review article presents an update of the findings from clinical research into medicinal plant therapy for T2DM.
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Furman BL, Candasamy M, Bhattamisra SK, Veettil SK. Reduction of blood glucose by plant extracts and their use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus; discrepancies in effectiveness between animal and human studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 247:112264. [PMID: 31600561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The global problem of diabetes, together with the limited access of large numbers of patients to conventional antidiabetic medicines, continues to drive the search for new agents. Ancient Asian systems such as traditional Chinese medicine, Japanese Kampo medicine, and Indian Ayurvedic medicine, as well as African traditional medicine and many others have identified numerous plants reported anecdotally to treat diabetes; there are probably more than 800 such plants for which there is scientific evidence for their activity, mostly from studies using various models of diabetes in experimental animals. AIM OF THE REVIEW Rather than a comprehensive coverage of the literature, this article aims to identify discrepancies between findings in animal and human studies, and to highlight some of the problems in developing plant extract-based medicines that lower blood glucose in patients with diabetes, as well as to suggest potential ways forward. METHODS In addition to searching the 2018 PubMed literature using the terms 'extract AND blood glucose, a search of the whole literature was conducted using the terms 'plant extracts' AND 'blood glucose' AND 'diabetes' AND 'double blind' with 'clinical trials' as a filter. A third search using PubMed and Medline was undertaken for systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the effects of plant extracts on blood glucose/glycosylated haemoglobin in patients with relevant metabolic pathologies. FINDINGS Despite numerous animal studies demonstrating the effects of plant extracts on blood glucose, few randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have been conducted to confirm efficacy in treating humans with diabetes; there have been only a small number of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of clinical studies. Qualitative and quantitative discrepancies between animal and human clinical studies in some cases were marked; the factors contributing to this included variations in the products among different studies, the doses used, differences between animal models and the human disease, and the impact of concomitant therapy in patients, as well as differences in the duration of treatment, and the fact that treatment in animals may begin before or very soon after the induction of diabetes. CONCLUSION The potential afforded by natural products has not yet been realised in the context of treating diabetes mellitus. A systematic, coordinated, international effort is required to achieve the goal of providing anti-diabetic treatments derived from medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Furman
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, 161, Cathedral Street Glasgow, G4 ORE, Scotland, UK.
| | - Mayuren Candasamy
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sajesh K Veettil
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Wang J, Li Y, Lai K, Zhong Q, Demin KA, Kalueff AV, Song C. High-glucose/high-cholesterol diet in zebrafish evokes diabetic and affective pathogenesis: The role of peripheral and central inflammation, microglia and apoptosis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 96:109752. [PMID: 31446160 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and metabolic deficits contribute to the etiology of human affective disorders, such as anxiety and depression. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has recently emerged as a powerful new model organism in CNS disease modeling. Here, we exposed zebrafish to 2% glucose and 10% cholesterol for 19 days to experimentally induce type 2 diabetes (DM) and to assess stress responses, microglia, inflammation and apoptosis. We analyzed zebrafish anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank and light-dark box (Days 15-16) tests, as well as examined their biochemical and genomic biomarkers (Day 19). Confirming DM-like state in zebrafish, we found higher whole-body glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein levels and glucagon mRNA expression, and lower high-density lipoprotein levels. DM zebrafish also showed anxiety-like behavior, elevated whole-body cortisol and cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4, as well as higher brain mRNA expression of the glucocorticoid receptor, CD11b (a microglial biomarker), pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α (but not IL-1β or anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10), GFAP (an astrocytal biomarker), neurotrophin BDNF, its receptors p75 and TrkB, as well as apoptotic Bax and Caspase-3 (but not BCl-2) genes. Collectively, this supports the overlapping nature of DM-related affective pathogenesis and emphasizes the role of peripheral and central inflammation and apoptosis in DM-related affective and neuroendocrine deficits in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaJia Wang
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medicine Development Center, Shenzhen Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - YanJun Li
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ke Lai
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - QiMei Zhong
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medicine Development Center, Shenzhen Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Cai Song
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, China; Marine Medicine Development Center, Shenzhen Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China.
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Schaaf L, Ehrmann K. [Vitamin D and dietary supplements, cinnamon, etc.]. MMW Fortschr Med 2020; 162:56-59. [PMID: 31960302 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-020-0062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Schaaf
- Städtischen Klinikum München GmbH, Klinikum Schwabing, Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Angiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Psychiatrie, Kölner Platz 1, D-80804, München, Deutschland.
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Effects of probiotic, cinnamon, and synbiotic supplementation on glycemic control and antioxidant status in people with type 2 diabetes; a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 19:53-60. [PMID: 32550156 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic bacteria of Lactobacillus acidophilus, cinnamon powder and their combinations on the glycemic and antioxidant indices in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 136 patients randomized with type 2 diabetes entered the study and were randomly divided into four groups who were matched for age and gender. Thereafter, alongside their routine pharmacotherapy, each group followed one of the following diets: Group A: Lactobacillus acidophilus 108 cfu and 0.5 g of powdered cinnamon (synbiotic). Group B: Lactobacillus acidophilus (probiotic), Group C: powdered cinnamon. Group D: rice flour powder as placebo. At the beginning and end of the intervention, fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, advance glycation end products (AGE), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were measured. Results Following 3 months of treatment, the mean FBS level was decreased significantly in probiotic, cinnamon, and synbiotic supplementation groups compared with control (P < 0.01). FBS levels in probiotic, cinnamon, and synbiotic groups were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P = 0.001, P = 0.063 and P = 0.001, respectively). The mean HbA1C in probiotic, cinnamon, and synbiotic groups were also decreased (P = 0.001, P = 0.001 and P = 0.04, respectively). The mean AGE in synbiotic group was significantly decreased (P = 0.037). Probiotic, cinnamon and synbiotic all could improve antioxidant enzyme activity modestly. However, the most significant effect was seen in probiotic group. Conclusions According to the current results, the use of probiotic supplements (individually or in combination with cinnamon) leads to a reduction in blood glucose and an increase in antioxidant enzymes in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Asbaghi O, Soltani S, Norouzi N, Milajerdi A, Choobkar S, Asemi Z. The effect of saffron supplementation on blood glucose and lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Daemi A, Lotfi M, Farahpour MR, Oryan A, Ghayour SJ, Sonboli A. Topical application of Cinnamomum hydroethanolic extract improves wound healing by enhancing re-epithelialization and keratin biosynthesis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:799-806. [PMID: 31760838 PMCID: PMC6882457 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1687525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Context: Cinnamomum verum J. Presl. (Lauraceae) has a high number of polyphenols with insulin-like activity, increases glucose utilization in animal muscle, and might be beneficial for diabetic patients.Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an ointment prepared from Cinnamomum verum hydroethanolic extract on wound healing in diabetic mice.Materials and methods: A total of 54 male BALB/c mice were divided into three groups: (1) diabetic non-treated group mice that were treated with soft yellow paraffin, (2 and 3) mice that were treated with 5 and 10% C. verum. Two circular full-thickness excisional wounds were created in each mouse, and the trial lasted for 16 d following induction of the wound. Further evaluation was made on the wound contraction ratio, histopathology parameters and mRNA levels of cyclin D1, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde of granulation tissue contents. HPLC apparatus was utilized to identify the compounds.Results: The HPLC data for cinnamon hydroethanolic extract identified cinnamaldehyde (11.26%) and 2-hydroxyl cinnamaldehyde (6.7%) as the major components. A significant increase was observed in wound contraction ratio, fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, re-epithelialization and keratin biosynthesis in the C. verum-treated groups in comparison to the diabetic non-treated group (p < 0.05). The expression level of cyclin D1, IGF1, GLUT 1 and antioxidant capacity increased in the C. verum-treated groups in comparison to the diabetic non-treated group (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Topical administration of C. verum accelerated wound healing and can possibly be employed in treating the wounds of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Daemi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mahsa Lotfi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz university of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Farahpour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
- CONTACT Mohammad Reza Farahpour Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, 57159-44867, Iran
| | - Ahmad Oryan
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Jangkhahe Ghayour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Sonboli
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C. Evin, Tehran
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Onder A, Yilmaz-Oral D, Jerkovic I, Akdemir AO, Gur S. Evaluation of relaxant responses properties of cinnamon essential oil and its major component, cinnamaldehyde on human and rat corpus cavernosum. Int Braz J Urol 2019; 45:1033-1042. [PMID: 31408283 PMCID: PMC6844336 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2019.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamomum cassia (Cinnamon) is a well-known traditional medicine with therapeutic benefits for centuries. We evaluated the effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and its main component cinnamaldehyde (CA) on human corpus cavernosum (HCC) and rat CC. The essential oil of cinnamon was analyzed for the confirmation of the oil profile. HCC specimens from patients undergoing penile prosthesis surgery (age 48-69 years) were utilized for functional studies. In addition, erectile responses in anesthetized control and diabetic rats were evaluated in vivo after intracavernosal injection of CEO and CA, and rat CC strips were placed in organ baths. After precontraction with phenylephrine (10μM), relaxant responses to CEO and CA were investigated. CA (96.9%) was found as the major component. The maximum relaxation responses to CEO and CA were 96.4±3.5% and 96.0±5.0% in HCC and 97.5±5.5% and 96.8±4.8% in rat CC, respectively. There was no difference between control and diabetic rats in relaxation responses to CEO and CA. The relaxant responses obtained with essential oil and CA were not attenuated in the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, and soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor (sGS) in CC. In vivo, erectile responses in diabetic rats were lower than in control rats, which was restored after intracavernosal injection of CEO and CA. CEO and CA improved erectile function and relaxation of isolated strips of rat CC and HCC by a NO/cGMP-independent mechanism. Further investigations are warranted to fully elucidate the restorative effects of CEO and CA on diabetic erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alev Onder
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Yilmaz-Oral
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Igor Jerkovic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Alp Ozgur Akdemir
- Department of Urology, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Gur
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Deyno S, Eneyew K, Seyfe S, Tuyiringire N, Peter EL, Muluye RA, Tolo CU, Ogwang PE. Efficacy and safety of cinnamon in type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes patients: A meta-analysis and meta-regression. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 156:107815. [PMID: 31425768 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cinnamon has been used as a dietary component and in the management of diabetes mellitus. This study systematically reviewed and synthesized evidence on the efficacy of cinnamon for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetes patients. METHODS Databases of Web of Sciences, the Cochrane library, PubMed, CINAHL and SCOPUS were searched. Stata version 13 (College Station, Texas 77845 USA) and RevMan var. 5.3 software were used for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using Chi-square and I2 tests. RESULTS Sixteen randomized controlled studies were included in the meta-analysis. Cinnamon significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level compared to placebo with weighted mean difference (WMD) of -0.545 (95% CI: -0.910, -0.18) mmol/L, I2 = 83.6% and -0.714(-1.388, -0.04), I2 = 84.4% respectively. There was no significant change in weighted mean difference of glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) % and lipid profiles (mmol/L). Meta-regression did not show any factor significantly affecting the treatment response. CONCLUSION Cinnamon reduced FBG and HOMA-IR, level in T2DM and pre-diabetes patients compared to placebo. High heterogeneity observed among included studies warrants further clinical trials after standardization of cinnamon formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serawit Deyno
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, P. O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - Kassahun Eneyew
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, P. O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Sisay Seyfe
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, P. O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Naasson Tuyiringire
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda; School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, University Avenue, P.O. Box 56, Butare, Rwanda.
| | - Emanuel L Peter
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda; Department of Innovation, Technology Transfer & Commercialization, National Institute for Medical Research, Barack Obama Drive, P.O. Box 9653, 2448 Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Rekik Ashebir Muluye
- Traditional and Modern Drug Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ethiopia
| | - Casim Umba Tolo
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda.
| | - Patrick Engeu Ogwang
- Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Center of Excellence (PHARMBIOTRAC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda.
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Salehi B, Ata A, V. Anil Kumar N, Sharopov F, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Ruiz-Ortega A, Abdulmajid Ayatollahi S, Valere Tsouh Fokou P, Kobarfard F, Amiruddin Zakaria Z, Iriti M, Taheri Y, Martorell M, Sureda A, N. Setzer W, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Santini A, Capasso R, Adrian Ostrander E, -ur-Rahman A, Iqbal Choudhary M, C. Cho W, Sharifi-Rad J. Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Their Active Components. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E551. [PMID: 31575072 PMCID: PMC6843349 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health problems in the world, the incidence and associated mortality are increasing. Inadequate regulation of the blood sugar imposes serious consequences for health. Conventional antidiabetic drugs are effective, however, also with unavoidable side effects. On the other hand, medicinal plants may act as an alternative source of antidiabetic agents. Examples of medicinal plants with antidiabetic potential are described, with focuses on preclinical and clinical studies. The beneficial potential of each plant matrix is given by the combined and concerted action of their profile of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran;
| | - Athar Ata
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2G3, Canada;
| | - Nanjangud V. Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, India;
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan;
| | - Karina Ramírez-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Ana Ruiz-Ortega
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andrés Bello, Autopista Concepción—Talcahuano, Concepción 7100, Chile;
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde P.O. Box 812, Cameroon;
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam Selangor 42300, Malaysia
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Laboratory of Physical Activity Sciences, and CIBEROBN—Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CB12/03/30038, University of Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA;
| | - Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA—Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA—Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Elise Adrian Ostrander
- Medical Illustration, Kendall College of Art and Design, Ferris State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
| | - Atta -ur-Rahman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.-u.-R.); (M.I.C.)
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.-u.-R.); (M.I.C.)
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft 7861756447, Iran
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Hashemian M, Poustchi H, Murphy G, Etemadi A, Kamangar F, Pourshams A, Khoshnia M, Gharavi A, Brennan PJ, Boffetta P, Dawsey SM, Abnet CC, Malekzadeh R. Turmeric, Pepper, Cinnamon, and Saffron Consumption and Mortality. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012240. [PMID: 37221812 PMCID: PMC6818008 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have reported the beneficial effects of spice consumption on lipid profiles, fasting glucose, and blood pressure, which suggests that spice consumption could affect the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and consequently mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between consumption of turmeric, black or chili pepper, cinnamon, and saffron with overall and cause-specific mortality in an adult population in Iran. Methods and Results We used data from the Golestan Cohort Study, which has followed 50 045 participants aged 40 to 75 years from baseline (2004-2008). After establishing the exclusion criteria, 44 398 participants were included in the analyses. Spice consumption data were extracted from the baseline Food Frequency Questionnaire. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for overall and cause-specific mortality, comparing the ever consumers to the never consumers as a reference group for each type of spice (adjusted for known and suspected confounders). During 11 years of follow-up, 5121 people died. Turmeric consumption was associated with significantly reduced risk of overall mortality (HR=0.90, 95% CI=0.85-0.96) and cardiovascular mortality (HR=0.91, 95% CI=0.82-0.99). Black or chili pepper consumption was associated with significantly reduced risk of overall mortality (HR=0.91, 95% CI=0.86-0.98). Saffron consumption was associated with significantly reduced risk of overall (HR=0.85, 95% CI=0.77-0.94) and cardiovascular mortality (HR=0.79, 95% CI=0.68-0.92). We found no associations with cinnamon consumption or between any of these spices and cancer mortality. Conclusions Consuming turmeric or saffron was associated with decreased risk of overall and cardiovascular mortality. The hypothesis of a protective effect of spice consumption on mortality should be tested in other prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hashemian
- Digestive Oncology Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD
- Department of BiologySchool of Arts and SciencesUtica CollegeUticaNY
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Gwen Murphy
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Digestive Oncology Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Digestive Oncology Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of BiologySchool of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural SciencesMorgan State UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Disease Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Digestive Disease Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Abdolsamad Gharavi
- Digestive Disease Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Paul J. Brennan
- Section of GeneticsInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of BolognaItaly
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Sun P, Li K, Wang T, Ji J, Wang Y, Chen KX, Jia Q, Li YM, Wang HY. Procyanidin C1, a Component of Cinnamon Extracts, Is a Potential Insulin Sensitizer That Targets Adipocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8839-8846. [PMID: 31334651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are one of the main sources for discovering new lead compounds. We previously reported that cinnamon extract has a promising effect in regulating lipid tissue volume and insulin sensitivity in vivo. However, its effective component and the underlying mechanism are not known. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of different components of cinnamon on regulating insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Functional assay revealed that, of the six major components of cinnamon extracts, the B-type procyanidin, procyanidin C1, improves the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (TG content: 1.10 ± 0.09 mM at a dosage of 25 μM vs 0.67 ± 0.02 mM in vehicle group, p < 0.001) and promotes insulin-induced glucose uptake (8.58 ± 1.43 at a dosage of 25 μM vs 3.05 ± 1.24 in vehicle group, p < 0.001). Mechanism studies further suggested that procyanidin C1 activates the AKT-eNOS pathway, thus up-regulating glucose uptake and enhancing insulin sensitivity in mature adipocytes. Taken together, our study identified B-type procyanidin C1, a component of cinnamon extract, that stimulates preadipocyte differentiation and acts as a potential insulin action enhancer through the AKT-eNOS pathway in mature adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , China
| | - Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jun Ji
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , China
| | - Kai-Xian Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
- School of Pharmacy , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 1200 Cailun Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Qi Jia
- School of Pharmacy , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 1200 Cailun Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- School of Pharmacy , Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 1200 Cailun Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - He-Yao Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road , Shanghai 201203 , China
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Popular functional foods and herbs for the management of type-2-diabetes mellitus: A comprehensive review with special reference to clinical trials and its proposed mechanism. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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66
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Trout KK, McCool WF, Homko CJ. Person-Centered Primary Care and Type 2 Diabetes: Beyond Blood Glucose Control. J Midwifery Womens Health 2019; 64:312-323. [PMID: 31066495 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With an estimated 9% of persons in the United States diagnosed with diabetes, primary care providers such as midwives and nurse practitioners are increasingly working with persons who have diabetes and are seeking primary care services. This article reviews the current literature with regard to the initial evaluation of individuals who are diagnosed with diabetes, and what is entailed in comprehensive continuing management of care. A person-centered interprofessional approach to care of the person with diabetes is presented. Recommendations are given that address dietary habits, activities of daily living, medication regimens, and potential alternative therapies. Social constructs related to effective care of individuals with diabetes also are addressed. Knowledge of current research that has identified effective care practices for individuals with diabetes is imperative to ensuring their well-being, and promoting a person-centered and interprofessional approach is best for offering optimal care to those diagnosed with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly K Trout
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - William F McCool
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carol J Homko
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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67
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Li Y, Sun M, Liu Y, Liang J, Wang T, Zhang Z. Gymnemic Acid Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Suppresses Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Vivo and in Vitro. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3662-3669. [PMID: 30864442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gymnemic acid (GA) is an herbal ingredient that can improve glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of GA on insulin resistance (IR) and identified the mechanisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats and IR HepG2 cells. GA effectively enhanced glucose uptake in IR HepG2 cells from 11.9 ± 1.09 to 14.7 ± 1.38 mmol/L and lowered fasting blood glucose (blood glucose levels in groups treated with GA at 40 and 80 mg/kg/day were reduced by 15.2% and 26.7%, respectively) and oral glucose tolerance. Both in vivo and in vitro, GA downregulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress indicator proteins such as ORP150, p-c-Jun, p-PERK, and p-eIF2α. In addition, the improvement of ER stress regulated the insulin signal transduction proteins, reducing p-IRS-1(ser) levels and increasing p-IRS-1(tyr) in GA-treated T2DM rats and IR HepG2 cells. In summary, the mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic effects of GA may be associated with alleviation of ER stress and facilitation of insulin signal transduction in T2DM rats and IR HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Junjie Liang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Tianxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Zesheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
- Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center , Tianjin 300457 , China
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68
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Efficacy of cinnamon in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:549-556. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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69
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The impact of cinnamon on anthropometric indices and glycemic status in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Complement Ther Med 2019; 43:92-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Hajimonfarednejad M, Ostovar M, Raee MJ, Hashempur MH, Mayer JG, Heydari M. Cinnamon: A systematic review of adverse events. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:594-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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71
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Lazar V, Ditu LM, Pircalabioru GG, Picu A, Petcu L, Cucu N, Chifiriuc MC. Gut Microbiota, Host Organism, and Diet Trialogue in Diabetes and Obesity. Front Nutr 2019; 6:21. [PMID: 30931309 PMCID: PMC6424913 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract with its microbiota is a complex, open, and integrated ecosystem with a high environmental exposure. It is widely accepted that the healthy gut microbiotais essential for host homeostasis and immunostasis, harboring an enormous number and variety of microorganisms and genes tailored by hundreds of exogenous and intrinsic host factors. The occurrence of dysbiosis may contribute to host vulnerability and progression to a large spectrum of infectious and non-communicable diseases, including diabetes and obesity, two metabolic disorders that are showing an endemic trend nowadays. There is an urgent need to develop efficient strategies to prevent and treat metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity which are often associated with serious complications. In this paper, we give an overview on the implications of gut microbiota in diabesity, with a focus on the triangle gut microbiota—diet-host metabolism and on the way to manipulate the gut microbial ecosystem toward achieving novel diagnosis and predictive biomarkers with the final goal of reestablishing the healthy metabolic condition. The current research data regarding the precision/personalized nutrition suggest that dietary interventions, including administration of pre-, pro-, and syn-biotics, as well as antibiotic treatment should be individually tailored to prevent chronic diseases based on the genetic background, food and beverage consumption, nutrient intake, microbiome, metabolome, and other omic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lazar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Section, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lia-Mara Ditu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Section, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gratiela G Pircalabioru
- Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Section, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ariana Picu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,National Institute for Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Prof. Dr. N. Paulescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Petcu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,National Institute for Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Prof. Dr. N. Paulescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Natalia Cucu
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Section, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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72
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Feinberg T, Wieland LS, Miller LE, Munir K, Pollin TI, Shuldiner AR, Amoils S, Gallagher L, Bahr-Robertson M, D'Adamo CR. Polyherbal dietary supplementation for prediabetic adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:24. [PMID: 30616613 PMCID: PMC6323847 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-3032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prediabetes describes a state of hyperglycemia outside of normal limits that does not meet the criteria for diabetes diagnosis, is generally symptomless, and affects an estimated 38% of adults in the United States. Prediabetes typically precedes the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, which accounts for increased morbidity and mortality. Although the use of dietary and herbal supplements is popular worldwide, and a variety of single herbal medicines have been examined for glycemic management, the potential of increasingly common polyherbal formulations to return glycemic parameters to normal ranges among adults with prediabetes remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a commercially available, polyherbal dietary supplement on glycemic and lipid parameters in prediabetic individuals. Methods In this multi-site, double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial, 40 participants with prediabetes will be randomized to either a daily oral polyherbal dietary supplement (GlucoSupreme™ Herbal; Designs for Health®, Suffield, CT, USA; containing cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia), banaba leaf (Lagerstroemia speciosa standardized to 1% corosolic acid), kudzu root (Pueraria lobata standardized to 40% isoflavones), fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum-graceum standardized to 60% saponins), gymnema leaf (Gymnema sylvestre standardized to 25% gymnemic acid), American ginseng root (Panax quinquefolius standardized to 5% ginsenosides), and berberine HCl derived from bark (Berberis aristata)) or placebo for 12 weeks. Short-, medium-, and comparatively long-term markers of glycemic control (blood glucose and fasting insulin, fructosamine, and glycated hemoglobin/A1c, respectively), and other glycemic parameters (GlycoMark, β-cell function, and insulin sensitivity/resistance) will be obtained. Lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides), inflammation (hs-CRP), progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as safety indices (ALT, AST) will be obtained. An intention-to-treat analysis will be used to assess changes in study outcomes. Discussion Treatment options for adults with prediabetes are currently limited. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a commercially available dietary supplement in the popular, but as yet insufficiently studied, category of polyherbal formulas for the management of glycemic parameters and other biomarkers associated with prediabetes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03388762. Retrospectively registered on 4 January 2018. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-3032-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Termeh Feinberg
- University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Integrative Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Yale University School of Medicine Center for Medical Informatics, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - L Susan Wieland
- University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Integrative Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Kashif Munir
- University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Toni I Pollin
- University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steve Amoils
- Alliance Integrative Medicine, Cincinatti, OH, USA
| | | | - Mary Bahr-Robertson
- University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Integrative Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher R D'Adamo
- University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Integrative Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Weng SJ, Yan DY, Tang JH, Shen ZJ, Wu ZY, Xie ZJ, Yang JY, Bai BL, Chen L, Boodhun V, Yang L, Da (Eric) Dong X, Yang L. Combined treatment with Cinnamaldehyde and β-TCP had an additive effect on bone formation and angiogenesis in critical size calvarial defect in ovariectomized rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:573-581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Li Y, Xiao Y, Gao W, Pan J, Zhao Q, Zhang Z. Gymnemic acid alleviates inflammation and insulin resistance via PPARδ- and NFκB-mediated pathways in db/db mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:5853-5862. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01419e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
GA ameliorates obesity-induced inflammation and IR via PPARδ- and NFκB-mediated signaling in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Wenge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Jiahui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Qi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Zesheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457
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Khalili L, Alipour B, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Hassanalilou T, Mesgari Abbasi M, Faraji I. Probiotic assisted weight management as a main factor for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:5. [PMID: 30675190 PMCID: PMC6334408 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus casei 01 on dietary intake, body weight, and glycemic control in patients with T2DM. METHOD Forty patients with T2DM (n = 20 for each group) were assigned into two groups in present trial. The patients in the probiotic group received a daily capsule containing a minimum of 108 CFU of L. casei 01 for 8 week. The placebo group took capsules filled with maltodextrin for the same time period. Dietary intake questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were collected, and the participants were assessed by an endocrinologist at baseline and at the end of the trial. RESULTS Lactobacillus casei 01 supplementation significantly decreased total energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake compared with placebo (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.009, p = 0.001; respectively). Moreover weight, BMI, and waist circumference were significantly decreased in intervention group compared with placebo group (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p = 0.029; respectively). In comparison with placebo group serum fetuin-A level, fasting blood sugar, insulin concentration, and insulin resistance were significantly decreased (p = 0.023, p =0.013, p = 0.028; p = 0.007; respectively), and serum SIRT1 level was significantly increased (p = 0.040) in intervention group. CONCLUSIONS Lactobacillus casei 01 supplementation affected dietary intake and body weight in a way that improved fetuin-A and SIRT1 levels and glycemic response in subjects with T2DM. Affecting the fetuin-A and SIRT1 levels introduces a new known mechanism of probiotic action in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Khalili
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Beitullah Alipour
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Tohid Hassanalilou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehran Mesgari Abbasi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ismail Faraji
- Internist, Fellow of Endocrinology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
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77
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Role of medicinal plants in the management of diabetes mellitus: a review. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:4. [PMID: 30555770 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have a vast potential in the treatment of various ailments due to the presence of therapeutically important phytochemicals. Diabetes is a serious metabolic disorder and several marketed medications are available to alleviate the symptoms of diabetes. However, these over the counter drugs are expensive and associated with several complications. Herbal medicines are gaining importance as they are cost-effective and also display improved therapeutic effects with lesser side effects. The present review includes the reports available on medicinal plants used for treating diabetes complications. The aim of the review is to categorize and summarize the available information on medicinal plants with anti-diabetic properties and suggesting outlooks for future research. A systematic search was performed on medicinal plants with anti-diabetic properties using several search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and other online journals and books. All the plants listed in this review are native to Asian countries and are routinely used by the traditional practitioners for the treatment of various ailments. Based on the literature data available, a total of 81 medicinal plants with anti-diabetic, anti-hyperglycemic, hypoglycemic, anti-lipidemic and insulin mimetic properties have been compiled in this review. This review provides useful information about the different medicinal plants for treating diabetes-associated complications. Further research can be carried out to study the active constituents and mechanism of these plants.
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78
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Yaribeygi H, Simental‐Mendía LE, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of plant‐derived natural products on renal complications. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12161-12172. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Dou L, Zheng Y, Li L, Gui X, Chen Y, Yu M, Guo Y. The effect of cinnamon on polycystic ovary syndrome in a mouse model. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:99. [PMID: 30340496 PMCID: PMC6194596 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent cause of anovulatory infertility and hyperandrogenism. Evidence favors insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia as the predominant, perhaps primary, defects in PCOS. The use of insulin-sensitizing drugs has been shown to improve both the reproductive and the metabolic aspects of PCOS. Cinnamon has been found to have insulin sensitizing effect and improve menstrual cyclicity in women with PCOS. The aim of this study was to determine the effect and mechanism of cinnamon on PCOS using a dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) induced PCOS mouse model. METHODS Prepubertal C57BL/6 mice (age 25 days) were raised to developed into control group, DHEA group and DHEA plus cinnamon group for 20 days. The stages of the estrous cycle were determined based on vaginal cytology; metabolic characteristics were examined by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test, the serum levels of hormones (testosterone, insulin, LH, FSH, IGF-1, IGFBP-1) were checked using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, the ovarian morphology was observed by stained with hematoxylin and eosin. IGF-1 and IGFBP-1 expression in ovary were detected by immunohistochemical stain. RESULTS Cinnamon restores the cyclicity and ovary morphology in PCOS mice model induced by DHEA. There are significant differences of serum level of total testosterone (0.033 ± 0.009 ng/ml), among control group, DHEA and cinnamon group (0.052 ± 0.011 ng/ml), and DHEA group (0.079 ± 0.015 ng/ml); There was an increasing tendency of serum FSH level from DHEA group (5.02 ± 0.31 ng/ml), DHEA and cinnamon group (5.81 ± 0.51 ng/ml), to control group (7.13 ± 0.74 ng/ml); and there was a decreasing trend of serum LH level from DHEA group (3.75 ± 0.57 ng/ml), DHEA and cinnamon group (1.35 ± 0.61 ng/ml), or control group (0.69 ± 0.34 ng/ml); serum insulin level is significantly higher in DHEA treated mice (1.61 ± 0.31 ng/ml) than control group (0.93 ± 0.19 ng/ml), or DHEA and cinnamon effect (1.27 ± 0.23 ng/ml) (p < 0.05). The DHEA group also has a higher serum IGF-1 level (0.35 ± 0.06 ng/ml) than control group (0.17 ± 0.04 ng/ml) or DHEA and cinnamon group (0.21 ± 0.05 ng/ml) (p < 0.05). While DHEA group has a lower IGFBP-1 level (5.5 ± 1.6 ng/ml) than control group (15.8 ± 2.1 ng/ml) or DHEA and cinnamon group (10.3 ± 2.5 ng/ml) (p < 0.05). Cinnamon also attenuates DHEA induced a higher IGF-1 and lower IGFBP-1 expression in ovary by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data suggest that cinnamon supplementation improves insulin resistance and may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dou
- grid.412636.4Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Yahong Zheng
- grid.412636.4Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Lu Li
- grid.412636.4Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Xiaowei Gui
- grid.412636.4Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Yajuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Anshan Branch of First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Anshan, China
| | - Meng Yu
- 0000 0000 9678 1884grid.412449.eDepartment of Reproductive Biology and Transgenic Animals, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Guo
- grid.412636.4Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
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80
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Wu Z, Yan D, Xie Z, Weng S, Zhou Q, Li H, Bai B, Boodhun V, Shen Z, Tang J, Yang L. Combined treatment with cinnamaldehyde and PTH enhances the therapeutic effect on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis through inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and promoting osteoblastogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:945-950. [PMID: 30309646 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The study was to investigate the effect of combining treatment with cinnamaldehyde and parathyroid hormone (1-34) (PTH) on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) and compare with monotherapy. Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats with GIO were divided into four groups randomly: control group (CON group, N = 10); group that intragastric administration with cinnamaldehyde (CIN group, N = 10); group that subcutaneous injection with PTH, three times per week(PTH group, N = 10); both administration with cinnamaldehyde and PTH (CIN + PTH group, N = 10). Distal femurs were harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, micro-CT scanning and immunohistochemical analysis. Murine mesenchymal stem cells were cultured and dealt with the presence of dexamethasone(DEX group), DEX + cinnamaldehyde(DEX + CIN group), DEX + PTH(DEX + PTH group) or DEX + cinnamaldehyde + PTH(DEX + CIN + PTH group). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining was performed subsequently. The results showed that bone formation in CIN + PTH group was notably promoted compared with other groups. And the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (trap) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2) in CIN + PTH group were down-regulated and up-regulated respectively compared with PTH group. In vitro study revealed that ALP-positive cell number in DEX + CIN + PTH group was obviously enhanced compared with other groups. The study revealed that combined treatment with cinnamaldehyde and PTH enhances the therapeutic effect on GIO through inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and promoting osteoblastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Deyi Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongjie Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sheji Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 75, Jingxiu Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan Hangzhou, No. 199, Shixin South Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bingli Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Viraj Boodhun
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zijian Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiahao Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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81
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Santos HO, da Silva GA. To what extent does cinnamon administration improve the glycemic and lipid profiles? Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 27:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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82
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Wu Z, Weng S, Yan D, Xie Z, Zhou Q, Li H, Bai B, Boodhun V, Shen Z, Tang J, Zhou L, Tao Z, Yang L. Administration of cinnamaldehyde promotes osteogenesis in ovariectomized rats and differentiation of osteoblast in vitro. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 138:63-70. [PMID: 30266553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the effect of cinnamaldehyde on the distal femur in ovariectomized rats and its influence on osteoblast in vitro. Female Sprague-Dawley rats which underwent either bilateral ovariectomy or sham operation were divided into five groups randomly: group OVX (OVX, N = 10) and group sham (SHAM, N = 10) received normal saline (NS) by gavage at a dose of 50 ml/kg·d; group low dose, group middle dose and group high dose received cinnamaldehyde by gavage at a dose of 25 mg/kg·d (OLD, N = 10), 50 mg/kg·d (OMD, N = 10), and 75 mg/kg·d (OHD, N = 10) respectively. Distal femurs were harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, micro-ct scanning and immunohistochemical analysis. Murine mesenchymal stem cells were cultured and dealt with the presence of either cinnamaldehyde at a dose of 15ug/ml (OLD), 30ug/ml (OMD), 60ug/ml (OHD) or vehicle. ALP staining and western blot were performed to observe the influence of cinnamaldehyde on the differentiation of osteoblast. HE and micro-ct results indicated that osteogenesis were promoted with the treatment of cinnamaldehyde. Immunohistochemical results showed that cinnamaldehyde increased the number of osteoblast and decreased the number of osteoclast. In vitro studies indicated that cinnamaldehyde promoted expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN) and collagen type Iɑ1 (COL1ɑ1). The treatment effect behaved as dose-dependently. Thus, cinnamaldehyde inhibits osteoclastogenesis and promotes osteoblastogenesis, and may plays an important role in the treatment of osteoporosis clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheji Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyi Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 75, Jingxiu Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingli Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Viraj Boodhun
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhoushan Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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83
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Oketch-Rabah HA, Marles RJ, Brinckmann JA. Cinnamon and Cassia Nomenclature Confusion: A Challenge to the Applicability of Clinical Data. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2018; 104:435-445. [PMID: 29947417 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several Cinnamomum species' barks are generally labeled as cinnamon, although only Cinnamomum verum carries the common name of true cinnamon. Cassia, a common name for a related species, is rarely used on labels; instead, various cassia types may also be labeled "cinnamon." Confusion of true cinnamon and cassia spices in foods generally does not present a risk to health, except possibly at the highest intake levels. However, clinical studies with Cinnamomum investigational products have been published that inadequately describe or lack botanical identification information. The results of such studies are confounded by an inability to determine which species was responsible for the observed effects. Due to differences in the quality and composition of various Cinnamomum species, safety and efficacy data are not generalizable or transferable. Pharmacopeial monographs for characterizing the identity, composition, purity, quality, and strength of Cinnamomum investigational products should be applied to remove the ambiguity of cinnamon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin J Marles
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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85
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Benefits May Have Been Exaggerated: Comments on "Natural Health Products and Diabetes: A Practical Review". Can J Diabetes 2018; 42:224. [PMID: 29857808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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86
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Yun JW, You JR, Kim YS, Kim SH, Cho EY, Yoon JH, Kwon E, Jang JJ, Park JS, Kim HC, Che JH, Kang BC. In vitro and in vivo safety studies of cinnamon extract (Cinnamomum cassia) on general and genetic toxicology. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 95:115-123. [PMID: 29501463 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamomum cassia has been widely used as a natural product to treat diseases in Asia due to its diverse pharmacological functions including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumor effects. Despite its ethnomedicinal benefits, little information regarding its toxicity is currently available. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential long-term toxicity and genotoxicity in compliance with test guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. A 13-week repeat-dose oral toxicity study revealed that body weights of rats were normal after receiving cinnamon extract at up to 2000 mg/kg. High-dose intake of cinnamon extract (2000 mg/kg) showed potential nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity to both males and females as evidenced by obvious increases of kidney/liver weight along with a small but statistically elevation of total cholesterol level. Overall findings from genetic toxicity testing battery including Ames test, in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus assay, and in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay indicated that cinnamon extract was not mutagenic or clastogenic. In conclusion, cinnamon extract may possess potential nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity at dose higher than its recommended daily safe dose. Further study is needed to clarify the mechanism involved in its induction of liver and kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ran You
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Soon Kim
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Cho
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Yoon
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euna Kwon
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-June Jang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Australia
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Che
- Biomedical Center for Animal Resource and Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byeong-Cheol Kang
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Center for Animal Resource and Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Designed Animal and Transplantation Research Institute, Institute of GreenBio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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87
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Ring M. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35868-2.00035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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88
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Byrne A, Makadia S, Sutherland A, Miller M. Optimizing Non-Pharmacologic Management of Hypertriglyceridemia. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:483-487. [PMID: 29221803 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The cornerstone of initial management for hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is lifestyle modification. The combination of weight loss through caloric restriction, alteration in macronutrient composition and increased energy expenditure reduces TG levels by approximately 50%. The addition of cinnamon, cacao products and isocaloric substitution of 1 serving of nuts may contribute another 5-15% lowering of TG. This can be particularly beneficial in patients with HTG who are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Byrne
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sunal Makadia
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aimee Sutherland
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Rodríguez-Pérez C, Segura-Carretero A, Del Mar Contreras M. Phenolic compounds as natural and multifunctional anti-obesity agents: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:1212-1229. [PMID: 29156939 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1399859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of obesity worldwide has reached pandemic proportions. Despite the increasing evidence in the implication of phenolic compounds in obesity management, the real effect is not completely understood. The available in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the implication of phenolic compounds in: lowering food intake, decreasing lipogenesis, increasing lipolysis, stimulating fatty acids β-oxidation, inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and growth, attenuating inflammatory responses and suppress oxidative stress. This review encompasses the most recent evidence in the anti-obesity effect of phenolic compounds from plants to different nutraceuticals and functional foods based on the in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. For that, this review has been focused on popular plant-based products highly consumed today such as cocoa, cinnamon, and olive oil, beverages such as red wine, tea (green, white and black tea) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. tea, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Rodríguez-Pérez
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada , Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, Granada , Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada , Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, Granada , Spain
| | - María Del Mar Contreras
- b Department of Analytical Chemistry , Annex C-3 Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Spain
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90
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Maierean SM, Serban MC, Sahebkar A, Ursoniu S, Serban A, Penson P, Banach M. The effects of cinnamon supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:1393-1406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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91
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Effects of Cinnamon Consumption on Glycemic Indicators, Advanced Glycation End Products, and Antioxidant Status in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9090991. [PMID: 28885566 PMCID: PMC5622751 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of a daily intake of three grams of cinnamon over eight weeks on glycemic indicators, advanced glycation end products, and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial study, 44 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 57 ± 8 years, were randomly assigned to take either a three g/day cinnamon supplement (n = 22) or a placebo (n = 22) for eight weeks. We measured the fasting blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobinbA1c, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), carboxymethyl lysine, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde levels at the beginning and the end of the study. Thirty-nine patients (20 in the intervention group and 19 in the control group) completed the study. After an eight-week intervention, changes in the level of fasting blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobinbA1c, HOMA-IR, carboxymethyl lysine, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde were not significant in either group, nor were any significant differences between groups observed in these glycemic and inflammatory indicators at the end of the intervention. Our study revealed that cinnamon supplementation had no significant effects on glycemic and inflammatory indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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92
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Necyk C, Zubach-Cassano L. Natural Health Products and Diabetes: A Practical Review. Can J Diabetes 2017; 41:642-647. [PMID: 28826695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of natural health product (NHP) use in Canada is extensive. Patients with chronic diseases, including diabetes, use NHPs at a higher rate than the general population. Many NHPs exert hypoglycemic effects, among other effects relevant to diabetes management. To provide a practical, clinical review of NHPs with such effects targeted to pharmacists, a literature search was performed to collect data on the efficacy and safety profiles of 10 commonly used NHPs that exert antidiabetic properties. The following NHPs are included in this clinical review: alpha-lipoic acid, chromium, magnesium, bitter melon, cinnamon, fenugreek, gymnema, milk thistle, Reishi mushroom and white mulberry. Given the potential of NHPs to additively cause hypoglycemia when used concurrently with conventional medications, pharmacists should be up to date with current evidence around NHPs that may affect diabetes care to prevent adverse reactions and interactions. In addition, effective and respectful communication with patients around NHP use and collaboration with various health-care providers are essential in the patient care process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace Necyk
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Ning C, Wang X, Gao S, Mu J, Wang Y, Liu S, Zhu J, Meng X. Chicory inulin ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus and suppresses JNK and MAPK pathways in vivo and in vitro. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28105758 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Chicory inulin is a naturally occurring fructan that is conducive to glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aims to investigate the mechanism by which chicory inulin improves glucolipid metabolism in diabetic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats were injected with streptozotocin and fed with high fat diet to induce diabetes, and then administrated with different doses of chicory inulin for 8 weeks. The glycometabolism and lipid metabolism parameters were determined, the activity of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were examined by western blot. The effect of chicory inulin on glucose uptake of myoblast and hepatocyte were also measured in vitro. Data were analyzed by student's t-test or one-way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni post-hoc testing. The results showed that chicory inulin improved glucolipid metabolism, and it activated IRS but suppressed the MAPK pathways in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that chicory inulin, as a nutritional supplement, may be beneficial for the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the metabolism-modulatory effect seems to be related with the inhibition of JNK and P38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Ning
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiyao Wang
- School of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Mu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Suwen Liu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
| | - Jinyan Zhu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China
- Food Inspection Monitoring Center of Zhuanghe, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P. R. China
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94
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Ge Q, Chen L, Chen K. Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Using iPS Cells and Spice Polyphenols. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:5837804. [PMID: 28758131 PMCID: PMC5512026 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5837804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that threatens human health. The disease is caused by a metabolic disorder of the endocrine system, and long-term illness can lead to tissue and organ damage to the cardiovascular, endocrine, nervous, and urinary systems. Currently, the disease prevalence is 11.4%, the treatment rate is 48.2%, and the mortality rate is 2.7% worldwide. Comprehensive and effective control of diabetes, as well as the use of insulin, requires further study to develop additional treatment options. Here, we reviewed the current reprogramming of somatic cells using specific factors to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells capable of repairing islet β cell damage in diabetes patients to treat patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. We also discuss the shortcomings associated with clinical use of iPS cells. Additionally, certain polyphenols found in spices might improve glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in diabetes patients, thereby constituting promising options for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ge
- Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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95
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Gupta Jain S, Puri S, Misra A, Gulati S, Mani K. Effect of oral cinnamon intervention on metabolic profile and body composition of Asian Indians with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double -blind control trial. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:113. [PMID: 28606084 PMCID: PMC5469078 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0504-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional modulation remains central to the management of metabolic syndrome. Intervention with cinnamon in individuals with metabolic syndrome remains sparsely researched. METHODS We investigated the effect of oral cinnamon consumption on body composition and metabolic parameters of Asian Indians with metabolic syndrome. In this 16-week double blind randomized control trial, 116 individuals with metabolic syndrome were randomized to two dietary intervention groups, cinnamon [6 capsules (3 g) daily] or wheat flour [6 capsules (2.5 g) daily]. Body composition, blood pressure and metabolic parameters were assessed. RESULTS Significantly greater decrease [difference between means, (95% CI)] in fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) [0.3 (0.2, 0.5) p = 0.001], glycosylated haemoglobin (mmol/mol) [2.6 (0.4, 4.9) p = 0.023], waist circumference (cm) [4.8 (1.9, 7.7) p = 0.002] and body mass index (kg/m2 ) [1.3 (0.9, 1.5) p = 0.001] was observed in the cinnamon group compared to placebo group. Other parameters which showed significantly greater improvement were: waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Prevalence of defined metabolic syndrome was significantly reduced in the intervention group (34.5%) vs. the placebo group (5.2%). CONCLUSION A single supplement intervention with 3 g cinnamon for 16 weeks resulted in significant improvements in all components of metabolic syndrome in a sample of Asian Indians in north India. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial was retrospectively registered (after the recruitment of the participants) in ClinicalTrial.gov under the identification number: NCT02455778 on 25th May 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gupta Jain
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Puri
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis-C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, B-16, Chirag Enclave, New Delhi, -110048 India
| | - Seema Gulati
- Centre of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India
- Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalaivani Mani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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96
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Beidokhti MN, Jäger AK. Review of antidiabetic fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices commonly consumed in the diet. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 201:26-41. [PMID: 28257977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes and its prevalence is rapidly increasing throughout the world. Modifications of lifestyle such as suitable diet and exercise programs along with pharmacotherapy and education of patients are beneficial therapies for patients with type 2 diabetes. The ethnopharmacological use of herbal medicines, many of them part of our diet as spices, vegetables and fruits, has been developed for the treatment of diabetes due to inexpensiveness, easy availability and few side effects. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim is to present a review for researchers who are interested in the biologically active dietary plants traditionally utilized in the treatment of diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Sci Finder and Cochrane. Common and scientific name of the fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices and the words 'antidiabetic', 'hypoglycemic', 'anti-hyperglycemic', 'type 2 diabetes' were used as keywords for search. RESULTS Certain fruits and vegetables are functional foods and their consumption reduces the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemic effects of fruits and vegetables may be due to their inducing nature on pancreatic β-cells for insulin secretion, or bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids and anthocyanins, which act as insulin-like molecules or insulin secretagogues. CONCLUSION This write-up covers hypoglycemic, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-diabetic activities of some dietary fruits, vegetables, beverages, oils and spices and their active hypoglycemic constituents. Including such plant species in the diet might improve management of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Najari Beidokhti
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna K Jäger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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97
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Palma-Duran SA, Vlassopoulos A, Lean M, Govan L, Combet E. Nutritional intervention and impact of polyphenol on glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) in non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:975-986. [PMID: 25746842 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.973932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been extensively studied for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, their antiglycative actions by oxidative stress modulation have been linked to the prevention of diabetes and associated complications. This article assesses the evidence for polyphenol interventions on glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. A systematic review of polyphenols' clinical trials on HbA1c in humans was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Thirty-six controlled randomized trials with HbA1c values were included. Polyphenols (extracts, supplements, and foods) were supplemented (28 mg to 1.5 g) for 0.7 to 12 months. Combining all subjects (n = 1954, mean baseline HbA1c = 7.03%, 53 mmol/mol), polyphenol supplementation significantly (P < 0.001) lowered HbA1c% by -0.53 ± 0.12 units (-5.79 ± 0.13 mmol/mol). This reduction was significant (P < 0.001) in T2DM subjects, specifically (n = 1426, mean baseline HbA1c = 7.44%, 58 mmol/mol), with HbA1c% lowered by -0.21 ± 0.04 units (-2.29 ± 0.4 mmol/mol). Polyphenol supplementation had no significant effect (P > 0.21) in the non-diabetic (n = 258, mean baseline HbA1c = 5.47%, 36 mmol/mol) and the pre-diabetic subjects (n = 270, mean baseline HbA1c = 6.06%, 43 mmol/mol) strata: -0.39 ± 0.27 HbA1c% units (-4.3 ± 0.3 mmol/mol), and -0.38 ± 0.31 units (-4.2 ± 0.31 mmol/mol), respectively. In conclusion, polyphenols can successfully reduce HbA1c in T2DM without any intervention at glycemia, and could contribute to the prevention of diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana A Palma-Duran
- a Department of Human Nutrition , School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
| | - Antonis Vlassopoulos
- a Department of Human Nutrition , School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
| | - Mike Lean
- a Department of Human Nutrition , School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
| | - Lindsay Govan
- b Department of Public Health and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
| | - Emilie Combet
- a Department of Human Nutrition , School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
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98
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Cinnamon Polyphenol Extract Inhibits Hyperlipidemia and Inflammation by Modulation of Transcription Factors in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1583098. [PMID: 28396714 PMCID: PMC5370473 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1583098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of cinnamon polyphenol extract on hepatic transcription factors expressions including SREBP-1c and LXR-α in rats fed high fat diet (HFD). Twenty-eight Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: (i) normal control: animals fed with normal chow; (ii) cinnamon: animals supplemented with cinnamon polyphenol; (iii) HFD: animals fed a high-fat diet; and (iv) HFD + cinnamon: animals fed a high-fat diet and treated with cinnamon polyphenol. Obesity was linked to hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress as imitated by elevated serum glucose, lipid profile, and serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Cinnamon polyphenol decreased body weight, visceral fat, liver weight and serum glucose and insulin concentrations, liver antioxidant enzymes, and lipid profile (P < 0.05) and reduced serum and liver MDA concentration compared to HFD rats (P < 0.05). Cinnamon polyphenol also suppressed the hepatic SREBP-1c, LXR-α, ACLY, FAS, and NF-κB p65 expressions and enhanced the PPAR-α, IRS-1, Nrf2, and HO-1 expressions in the HFD rat livers (P < 0.05). In conclusion, cinnamon polyphenol reduces the hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress through activating transcription factors and antioxidative defense signaling pathway in HFD rat liver.
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99
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Monir MM, Zhu J. Comparing GWAS Results of Complex Traits Using Full Genetic Model and Additive Models for Revealing Genetic Architecture. Sci Rep 2017; 7:38600. [PMID: 28079101 PMCID: PMC5227710 DOI: 10.1038/srep38600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for human complex diseases have ignored dominance, epistasis and ethnic interactions. We conducted comparative GWASs for total cholesterol using full model and additive models, which illustrate the impacts of the ignoring genetic variants on analysis results and demonstrate how genetic effects of multiple loci could differ across different ethnic groups. There were 15 quantitative trait loci with 13 individual loci and 3 pairs of epistasis loci identified by full model, whereas only 14 loci (9 common loci and 5 different loci) identified by multi-loci additive model. Again, 4 full model detected loci were not detected using multi-loci additive model. PLINK-analysis identified two loci and GCTA-analysis detected only one locus with genome-wide significance. Full model identified three previously reported genes as well as several new genes. Bioinformatics analysis showed some new genes are related with cholesterol related chemicals and/or diseases. Analyses of cholesterol data and simulation studies revealed that the full model performs were better than the additive-model performs in terms of detecting power and unbiased estimations of genetic variants of complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mamun Monir
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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100
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Costello RB, Dwyer JT, Saldanha L, Bailey RL, Merkel J, Wambogo E. Do Cinnamon Supplements Have a Role in Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes? A Narrative Review. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016; 116:1794-1802. [PMID: 27618575 PMCID: PMC5085873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum sp) has been suggested to help patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) achieve better glycemic control, although conclusions from meta-analyses are mixed. To evaluate whether the use of cinnamon dietary supplements by adults with T2DM had clinically meaningful effects on glycemic control, as measured by changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a comprehensive PubMed literature search was performed. Eleven randomized controlled trials were identified that met our inclusion criteria that enrolled 694 adults with T2DM receiving hypoglycemic medications or not. In 10 of the studies, participants continued to take their hypoglycemic medications during the cinnamon intervention period. Studies ranged from 4 to 16 weeks in duration; seven studies were double-blind. Cinnamon doses ranged from 120 to 6,000 mg/day. The species of cinnamon used varied: seven used Cinnamomum cassia or Cinnamomum aromaticum, one used Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and three did not disclose the species. Because of the heterogeneity of the studies, a meta-analysis was not conducted. All 11 of the studies reported some reductions in FPG during the cinnamon intervention, and of the studies measuring HbA1c very modest decreases were also apparent with cinnamon, whereas changes in the placebo groups were minimal. However, only four studies achieved the American Diabetes Association treatment goals (FPG <7.2 mmol/L [130 mg/dL] and/or HbAlc <7.0). We conclude that cinnamon supplements added to standard hypoglycemic medications and other lifestyle therapies had modest effects on FPG and HbA1c. Until larger and more rigorous studies are available, registered dietitian nutritionists and other health care professionals should recommend that patients continue to follow existing recommendations of authoritative bodies for diet, lifestyle changes, and hypoglycemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johanna T. Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health
- School of Medicine and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy; Senior Scientist, Jean Mayer, US Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University
| | - Leila Saldanha
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health
- School of Medicine and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy; Senior Scientist, Jean Mayer, US Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University
| | - Joyce Merkel
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health
| | - Edwina Wambogo
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health
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