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Wilken L, Stelz S, Agac A, Sutter G, Prajeeth CK, Rimmelzwaan GF. Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Expressing a Glycosylation Mutant of Dengue Virus NS1 Induces Specific Antibody and T-Cell Responses in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040714. [PMID: 37112626 PMCID: PMC10140942 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV1-4) continue to pose a major public health threat. The first licenced dengue vaccine, which expresses the surface proteins of DENV1-4, has performed poorly in immunologically naïve individuals, sensitising them to antibody-enhanced dengue disease. DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) can directly induce vascular leakage, the hallmark of severe dengue disease, which is blocked by NS1-specific antibodies, making it an attractive target for vaccine development. However, the intrinsic ability of NS1 to trigger vascular leakage is a potential drawback of its use as a vaccine antigen. Here, we modified DENV2 NS1 by mutating an N-linked glycosylation site associated with NS1-induced endothelial hyperpermeability and used modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) as a vector for its delivery. The resulting construct, rMVA-D2-NS1-N207Q, displayed high genetic stability and drove efficient secretion of NS1-N207Q from infected cells. Secreted NS1-N207Q was composed of dimers and lacked N-linked glycosylation at position 207. Prime-boost immunisation of C57BL/6J mice induced high levels of NS1-specific antibodies binding various conformations of NS1 and elicited NS1-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. Our findings support rMVA-D2-NS1-N207Q as a promising and potentially safer alternative to existing NS1-based vaccine candidates, warranting further pre-clinical testing in a relevant mouse model of DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Wilken
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sonja Stelz
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ayse Agac
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerd Sutter
- Division of Virology, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Chittappen Kandiyil Prajeeth
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Guus F Rimmelzwaan
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
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Wilken L, Stelz S, Prajeeth CK, Rimmelzwaan GF. Transient Blockade of Type I Interferon Signalling Promotes Replication of Dengue Virus Strain D2Y98P in Adult Wild-Type Mice. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040814. [PMID: 37112795 PMCID: PMC10142689 DOI: 10.3390/v15040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus serotypes 1 to 4 (DENV1-4) place nearly half the global population at risk of infection and the licenced tetravalent dengue vaccine fails to protect individuals who have not previously been exposed to DENV. The development of intervention strategies had long been hampered by the lack of a suitable small animal model. DENV does not replicate in wild-type mice due to its inability to antagonise the mouse type I interferon (IFN) response. Mice deficient in type I IFN signalling (Ifnar1-/- mice) are highly susceptible to DENV infection, but their immunocompromised status makes it difficult to interpret immune responses elicited by experimental vaccines. To develop an alternative mouse model for vaccine testing, we treated adult wild-type mice with MAR1-5A3-an IFNAR1-blocking, non-cell-depleting antibody-prior to infection with the DENV2 strain D2Y98P. This approach would allow for vaccination of immunocompetent mice and subsequent inhibition of type I IFN signalling prior to challenge infection. While Ifnar1-/- mice quickly succumbed to infection, MAR1-5A3-treated mice did not show any signs of illness but eventually seroconverted. Infectious virus was recovered from the sera and visceral organs of Ifnar1-/- mice, but not from those of mice treated with MAR1-5A3. However, high levels of viral RNA were detected in the samples of MAR1-5A3-treated mice, indicating productive viral replication and dissemination. This transiently immunocompromised mouse model of DENV2 infection will aid the pre-clinical assessment of next-generation vaccines as well as novel antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Wilken
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sonja Stelz
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Chittappen Kandiyil Prajeeth
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Guus F Rimmelzwaan
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo), 30559 Hannover, Germany
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Zerfu B, Kassa T, Legesse M. Epidemiology, biology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of dengue virus infection, and its trend in Ethiopia: a comprehensive literature review. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:11. [PMID: 36829222 PMCID: PMC9950709 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a dengue virus infection, emerging rapidly and posing public health threat worldwide, primarily in tropical and subtropical countries. Nearly half of the world's population is now at risk of contracting the dengue virus, including new countries with no previous history-like Ethiopia. However, little is known about the epidemiology and impact of the disease in different countries. This is especially true in countries, where cases have recently begun to be reported. This review aims to summarize epidemiology, biology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of dengue virus infection and its trend in Ethiopia. It may help countries, where dengue fever is not yet on the public health list-like Ethiopia to alert healthcare workers to consider the disease for diagnosis and treatment. The review retrieved and incorporated 139 published and organizational reports showing approximately 390 million new infections. About 100 million of these infections develop the clinical features of dengue, and thousands of people die annually from severe dengue fever in 129 countries. It is caused by being bitten by a dengue virus-infected female mosquito, primarily Aedes aegypti and, lesser, Ae. albopictus. Dengue virus is a member of the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family and has four independent but antigen-related single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus serotypes. The infection is usually asymptomatic but causes illnesses ranging from mild febrile illness to fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome. Diagnosis can be by detecting the virus genome using nucleic acids amplification tests or testing NS1 antigen and/or anti-dengue antibodies from serum, plasma, circulating blood cells, or other tissues. Dengue cases and outbreaks have increased in recent decades, with a significant public health impact. Ethiopia has had nearly annual outbreaks since 2013, devastating an already fragmented health system and economy. Standardization of medication, population-level screening for early diagnosis and prompt treatment, and minimization of mosquito bites reduce overall infection and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biruk Zerfu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. .,Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Tesfu Kassa
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mengistu Legesse
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infections Imported to Hungary and Phylogenetic Analysis of Virus Isolates. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050873. [PMID: 36900018 PMCID: PMC10001143 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue virus is one of the most important arbovirus infections of public health concern. Between 2017 and June 2022, 75 imported dengue infections were confirmed by laboratory diagnostic methods in Hungary. Our study aimed to isolate the imported Dengue strains and characterize them by whole-genome sequencing. METHODS Laboratory diagnosis of imported infections was carried out using both serological and molecular methods. Virus isolation was attempted on Vero E6 cell lines. An in-house amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing method was applied for the detailed molecular characterization of the isolated virus strains. RESULTS From 75 confirmed Dengue infected patients, 68 samples were used for virus isolation. Isolation and whole-genome sequencing were successful in the case of eleven specimens. Isolated strains belonged to Dengue-1,-2,-3 serotypes. DISCUSSION The isolated strains corresponded to the circulating genotypes of the visited geographic area, and some of the genotypes were linked with more severe DENV cases in the literature. We found that multiple factors, including viral load, specimen type, and patient antibody status, influence the isolation efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of imported DENV strains can help estimate the outcomes of a possible local DENV transmission in Hungary, a threat from the near future.
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Ferreira MS, Sousa JR, Bezerra Júnior PS, Cerqueira VD, Oliveira Júnior CA, Rivero GRC, Castro PHG, Silva GA, Muniz JAPC, da Silva EVP, Casseb SMM, Pagliari C, Martins LC, Tesh RB, Quaresma JAS, Vasconcelos PFC. Experimental Yellow Fever in Squirrel Monkey: Characterization of Liver In Situ Immune Response. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020551. [PMID: 36851765 PMCID: PMC9961022 DOI: 10.3390/v15020551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-human primates contribute to the spread of yellow fever virus (YFV) and the establishment of transmission cycles in endemic areas, such as Brazil. This study aims to investigate virological, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in livers of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.) infected with the YFV. Viremia occurred 1-30 days post infection (dpi) and the virus showed a predilection for the middle zone (Z2). The livers were jaundiced with subcapsular and hemorrhagic multifocal petechiae. Apoptosis, lytic and coagulative necrosis, steatosis and cellular edema were also observed. The immune response was characterized by the expression of S100, CD11b, CD57, CD4 and CD20; endothelial markers; stress and cell death; pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as Treg (IL-35) and IL-17 throughout the experimental period. Lesions during the severe phase of the disease were associated with excessive production of apoptotic pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, released by inflammatory response cells (CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes) and associated with high expression of molecules of adhesion in the inflammatory foci observed in Z2. Immunostaining of the local endothelium in vascular cells and the bile duct was intense, suggesting a fundamental role in liver damage and in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene S. Ferreira
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR 316, km-07, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jorge R. Sousa
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR 316, km-07, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Pedro S. Bezerra Júnior
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal 68746-360, Pará, Brazil
| | - Valíria D. Cerqueira
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal 68746-360, Pará, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Oliveira Júnior
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal 68746-360, Pará, Brazil
| | - Gabriela R. C. Rivero
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal 68746-360, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Gilmara A. Silva
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR 316, km-07, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Samir M. M. Casseb
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR 316, km-07, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Carla Pagliari
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Lívia C. Martins
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR 316, km-07, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Robert B. Tesh
- Department of Pathology, Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0419, USA
| | - Juarez A. S. Quaresma
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR 316, km-07, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
- Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66055-240, Pará, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Pará State University, Belém 66050-540, Pará, Brazil
| | - Pedro F. C. Vasconcelos
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR 316, km-07, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Pará State University, Belém 66050-540, Pará, Brazil
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-91-3214-2270
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Wei KC, Wei WJ, Liao CL, Chang TH. Discrepant Activation Pattern of Inflammation and Pyroptosis Induced in Dermal Fibroblasts in Response to Dengue Virus Serotypes 1 and 2 and Nonstructural Protein 1. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0358622. [PMID: 36629424 PMCID: PMC9927091 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03586-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV-1 to DENV-4) cause mild to severe disease in humans through infected mosquito bites. Dermal fibroblasts were found to be susceptible to DENV, and this may play a critical role in establishing the initial infection stage. However, the cellular response induced by the different DENV serotypes in dermal fibroblasts during the early stage of infection remains unclear. To determine this, normal human dermal fibroblast WS1 cells were infected with DENV-1 or DENV-2. Compared with the response elicited by DENV-1 infection, DENV-2 induced a stronger innate inflammatory response and cell death in the WS1 cells. However, DENV-1 activated a higher level of pyroptosis signaling than did DENV-2, which was associated with higher virion production. Caspase-1 inhibitor Ac-YVAD-cmk and imipramine, an antidepressant drug, reduced DENV-mediated caspase-1 and interleukin 1β (IL-β) cleavage in the pyroptosis pathway. Ac-YVAD-cmk and imipramine downregulated DENV virion production in WS1 cells. Furthermore, DENV-1 and DENV-2 NS1 proteins promoted diverse activation levels of cell death, inflammatory response, and activation of caspase-1 and IL-β in dermal fibroblasts at different time points. Collectively, these data suggest that DENV-1, DENV-2, and their nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) induce discrepant activation patterns of inflammation and pyroptosis in dermal fibroblasts. The pyroptosis caused by virus and NS1 may facilitate DENV replication in dermal fibroblasts. IMPORTANCE Skin fibroblasts are the primary cells of DENV infection through mosquito bites. Establishing a successful infection in dermal fibroblasts might be critical for dengue disease. However, the cellular response induced by DENV in dermal fibroblasts remains unclear. In this in vitro study, we found that DENV-2 and DENV-1 showed different time course patterns of virus replication and inflammation in dermal fibroblasts. We demonstrated that DENV-1 and DNEV-2 and their viral protein NS1 activate the cellular pyroptosis response to regulate virus replication in dermal fibroblasts. This finding suggests that pyroptosis activation in the DENV primary inoculation site plays a role in the establishment of a DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Che Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Len Liao
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Arthropod-Borne Flaviviruses in Pregnancy. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020433. [PMID: 36838398 PMCID: PMC9959669 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses are a diverse group of enveloped RNA viruses that cause significant clinical manifestations in the pregnancy and postpartum periods. This review highlights the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention of the key arthropod-borne flaviviruses of concern in pregnancy and the neonatal period-Zika, Dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, and Yellow fever viruses. Increased disease severity during pregnancy, risk of congenital malformations, and manifestations of postnatal infection vary widely amongst this virus family and may be quite marked. Laboratory confirmation of infection is complex, especially due to the reliance on serology for which flavivirus cross-reactivity challenges diagnostic specificity. As such, a thorough clinical history including relevant geographic exposures and prior vaccinations is paramount for accurate diagnosis. Novel vaccines are eagerly anticipated to ameliorate the impact of these flaviviruses, particularly neuroinvasive disease manifestations and congenital infection, with consideration of vaccine safety in pregnant women and children pivotal. Moving forward, the geographical spread of flaviviruses, as for other zoonoses, will be heavily influenced by climate change due to the potential expansion of vector and reservoir host habitats. Ongoing 'One Health' engagement across the human-animal-environment interface is critical to detect and responding to emergent flavivirus epidemics.
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Phumesin P, Panaampon J, Kariya R, Limjindaporn T, Yenchitsomanus PT, Okada S. Cepharanthine inhibits dengue virus production and cytokine secretion. Virus Res 2023; 325:199030. [PMID: 36587870 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.199030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions. It can cause a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild dengue fever (DF) to severe dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and potentially life-threatening disease including dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Severe DENV infection is caused by high viral load and cytokine storm in dengue-infected patients. Currently, there is no specific antiviral drug for DENV infection. An anti-DENV agent that demonstrates inhibitory effects on both DENV replication and cytokine secretion is urgently needed. In this study, cepharanthine (CEP), which is an anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, and anti-tumor compound isolated from Stephania cepharantha Hayata, was tested for inhibition of DENV infection. We investigated the efficacy of CEP to inhibit DENV infection, replication, and cytokine production. The inhibitory effect of CEP treatment was studied in DENV-infected human chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) cells. The levels of DENV E protein and DENV production were determined by flow cytometry and FFU assay, respectively. CEP treatment significantly reduced viral E protein and viral production in all DENV-1, 2, 3, 4 serotypes. In addition, CEP treatment reduced the IL-6 proinflammatory cytokine production in DENV-infected A549 cells. Taken together, CEP has inhibitory effects on DENV infection specifically at the initial viral replication states and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and is a promising candidate for further development as an anti-DENV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patta Phumesin
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Jutatip Panaampon
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Ryusho Kariya
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Thawornchai Limjindaporn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
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Thonghong S, Sinananpat P, Chatsuwan T, Srisawat N, Insin N, Salakij S, Boonyasuppayakorn S. An Extracorporeal Plasma Filtration Column with Specific Binding to Dengue Virions. Blood Purif 2023; 52:60-67. [PMID: 35512639 DOI: 10.1159/000524387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dengue infection is a significant public health concern that no specific treatment is available. Extracorporeal plasmapheresis or plasma filtration is a treatment option for severe cases with complications. However, the commercial adsorption devices mainly contained size-exclusive porous beads to adsorb the plasma proteins nonselectively. METHODS We developed a 1:50 simulated circuit for dengue virus-specific adsorption using a flavivirus-specific (4G2) antibody entrapped into the alginate bead. RESULTS The reduction ratios of the viral titer after 3 h of continuous run were 63.00 ± 1.21%, and 93.97 ± 1.27% measured by reverse transcription qPCR, and plaque titration, respectively. No specific adsorption was observed with Enterovirus A71 or Escherichia coli bacteria. CONCLUSION This study is a proof-of-concept for the potential use of a dengue virus-specific adsorption column in the 1:50 simulated circuit. The system could be applied to various clinical platforms by substituting target-specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasiwimon Thonghong
- Applied Medical Virology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pat Sinananpat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanittha Chatsuwan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattachai Srisawat
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Critical Care Nephrology Research Unit and Tropical Medicine Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Critical Care Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.,Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Numpon Insin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saran Salakij
- Applied Medical Virology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siwaporn Boonyasuppayakorn
- Applied Medical Virology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Quercetin: A Functional Food-Flavonoid Incredibly Attenuates Emerging and Re-Emerging Viral Infections through Immunomodulatory Actions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030938. [PMID: 36770606 PMCID: PMC9920550 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Many of the medicinally active molecules in the flavonoid class of phytochemicals are being researched for their potential antiviral activity against various DNA and RNA viruses. Quercetin is a flavonoid that can be found in a variety of foods, including fruits and vegetables. It has been reported to be effective against a variety of viruses. This review, therefore, deciphered the mechanistic of how Quercetin works against some of the deadliest viruses, such as influenza A, Hepatitis C, Dengue type 2 and Ebola virus, which cause frequent outbreaks worldwide and result in significant morbidity and mortality in humans through epidemics or pandemics. All those have an alarming impact on both human health and the global and national economies. The review extended computing the Quercetin-contained natural recourse and its modes of action in different experimental approaches leading to antiviral actions. The gap in effective treatment emphasizes the necessity of a search for new effective antiviral compounds. Quercetin shows potential antiviral activity and inhibits it by targeting viral infections at multiple stages. The suppression of viral neuraminidase, proteases and DNA/RNA polymerases and the alteration of many viral proteins as well as their immunomodulation are the main molecular mechanisms of Quercetin's antiviral activities. Nonetheless, the huge potential of Quercetin and its extensive use is inadequately approached as a therapeutic for emerging and re-emerging viral infections. Therefore, this review enumerated the food-functioned Quercetin source, the modes of action of Quercetin for antiviral effects and made insights on the mechanism-based antiviral action of Quercetin.
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Dengue virus infection - a review of pathogenesis, vaccines, diagnosis and therapy. Virus Res 2023; 324:199018. [PMID: 36493993 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.199018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transmission of dengue virus (DENV) from an infected Aedes mosquito to a human, causes illness ranging from mild dengue fever to fatal dengue shock syndrome. The similar conserved structure and sequence among distinct DENV serotypes or different flaviviruses has resulted in the occurrence of cross reaction followed by antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Thus far, the vaccine which can provide effective protection against infection by different DENV serotypes remains the biggest hurdle to overcome. Therefore, deep investigation is crucial for the potent and effective therapeutic drugs development. In addition, the cross-reactivity of flaviviruses that leads to false diagnosis in clinical settings could result to delay proper intervention management. Thus, the accurate diagnostic with high specificity and sensitivity is highly required to provide prompt diagnosis in respect to render early treatment for DENV infected individuals. In this review, the recent development of neutralizing antibodies, antiviral agents, and vaccine candidates in therapeutic platform for DENV infection will be discussed. Moreover, the discovery of antigenic cryptic epitopes, principle of molecular mimicry, and application of single-chain or single-domain antibodies towards DENV will also be presented.
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Iqtadar S, Khan A, Mumtaz SU, Livingstone S, Chaudhry MNA, Raza N, Zahra M, Abaidullah S. Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD) and Susceptibility towards Severe Dengue Fever-A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study of Hospitalized Dengue Fever Patients from Lahore, Pakistan. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8010043. [PMID: 36668950 PMCID: PMC9866117 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-borne flaviviral serious febrile illness, most common in the tropical and subtropical regions including Pakistan. Vitamin D is a strong immunomodulator affecting both the innate and adaptive immune responses and plays a pivotal role in pathogen-defense mechanisms. There has been considerable interest in the possible role of vitamin D in dengue viral (DENV) infection. In the present prospective cross-sectional study, we assessed a possible association between serum vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and susceptibility towards severe dengue fever (DF) illness. Serum vitamin D levels were measured at the time of hospitalization in 97 patients diagnosed with dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS) at Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PK, from 16 November 2021 to 15 January 2022. In terms of disease severity, 37 (38.1%) patients were DF, 52 (53.6%) were DHF grade 1 and 2, and 8 (8.2%) were DSS. The results revealed that most patients (75 (77.3%)) were vitamin-D-deficient (i.e., serum level < 20 ng/mL), including 27 (73.0%) in DF, 41 (78.8%) in DHF grade 1 and 2, and 7 (87.5%) in DSS. The degree of VDD was somewhat higher in DSS patients as compared to DF and DHF grade 1 and 2 patients. Overall, serum vitamin D levels ranged from 4.2 to 109.7 ng/mL, and the median (IQR) was in the VDD range, i.e., 12.2 (9.1, 17.8) ng/mL. Our results suggest that there may be a possible association between VDD and susceptibility towards severe dengue illness. Hence, maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels in the body either through diet or supplementation may help provide adequate immune protection against severe dengue fever illness. Further research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somia Iqtadar
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Sami Ullah Mumtaz
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shona Livingstone
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | | | - Nauman Raza
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Zahra
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Abaidullah
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Rasinhas ADC, Jácome FC, Caldas GC, de Almeida ALT, de Souza DDC, Dos Santos JPR, Dias HG, Araujo EL, Mohana-Borges R, Barth OM, Dos Santos FB, Barreto-Vieira DF. Primary infection of BALB/c mice with a dengue virus type 4 strain leads to kidney injury. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2023; 118:e220255. [PMID: 37162062 PMCID: PMC10168658 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is a disease caused by dengue virus (DENV-1 through -4). Among the four serotypes, DENV-4 remains the least studied. Acute kidney injury is a potential complication of dengue generally associated with severe dengue infection. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to investigate the alterations caused by experimental dengue infection in the kidney of adult BALB/c mice. METHODS In this study, BALB/c mice were infected through the intravenous route with a DENV-4 strain, isolated from a human patient. The kidneys of the mice were procured and subject to histopathological and ultrastructural analysis. FINDINGS The presence of the viral antigen was confirmed through immunohistochemistry. Analysis of tissue sections revealed the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate throughout the parenchyma. Glomerular enlargement was a common find. Necrosis of tubular cells and haemorrhage were also observed. Analysis of the kidney on a transmission electron microscope allowed a closer look into the necrotic tubular cells, which presented nuclei with condensed chromatin, and loss of cytoplasm. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Even though the kidney is probably not a primary target of dengue infection in mice, the inoculation of the virus in the blood appears to damage the renal tissue through local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur da Costa Rasinhas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Cunha Jácome
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Cardoso Caldas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Patologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ana Luisa Teixeira de Almeida
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Daniel Dias Coutinho de Souza
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Helver Gonçalves Dias
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Eduarda Lima Araujo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia Estrutural, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ortrud Monika Barth
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Flavia Barreto Dos Santos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Debora Ferreira Barreto-Vieira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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64
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Nainggolan L, Dewi BE, Hakiki A, Pranata AJ, Sudiro TM, Martina B, van Gorp E. Association of viral kinetics, infection history, NS1 protein with plasma leakage among Indonesian dengue infected patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285087. [PMID: 37130105 PMCID: PMC10153689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plasma leakage, a hallmark of disease in Dengue virus (DENV) infection, is an important clinical manifestation and is often associated with numerous factors such as viral factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of virus serotype, viral load kinetics, history of infection, and NS1 protein with plasma leakage. METHODS Subjects with fever ≤ 48 hours and positive DENV infection were included. Serial laboratory tests, viral load measurements, and ultrasonography examination to assess plasma leakage were performed. RESULTS DENV-3 was the most common serotype found in the plasma leakage group (35%). Patients with plasma leakage demonstrated a trend of higher viral load and a longer duration of viremia compared to those without. This was significantly observed on the fourth day of fever (p = 0.037). We found higher viral loads on specific days in patients with plasma leakage in both primary and secondary infections compared to those without. In addition, we also observed more rapid viral clearance in patients with secondary infection. NS1 protein, especially after 4 days of fever, was associated with higher peak viral load level, even though it was not statistically significant (p = 0.470). However, pairwise comparison demonstrated that peak viral load level in the group of patients with circulating NS1 detected for 7 days was significantly higher than the 5-day group (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION DENV-3 was the most common serotype to cause plasma leakage. Patients with plasma leakage showed a trend of higher viral load and a longer duration of viremia. Higher level of viral load was observed significantly on day 5 in patients with primary infection and more rapid viral clearance was observed in patients with secondary infection. Longer duration of circulating NS1 protein was also seen to be positively correlated with higher peak viral load level although not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Nainggolan
- Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Beti Ernawati Dewi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arif Hakiki
- Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Antony Joseph Pranata
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Byron Martina
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric van Gorp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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65
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Comparative Analysis of In Vitro Models to Study Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Zika Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122776. [PMID: 36560779 PMCID: PMC9781448 DOI: 10.3390/v14122776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During the 2015-2016 outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas, a previously unknown severe complication of ZIKV infection during pregnancy resulting in birth defects was reported. Since the ZIKV outbreak occurred in regions that were highly endemic for the related dengue virus (DENV), it was speculated that antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of a ZIKV infection, caused by the presence of cross-reactive DENV antibodies, could contribute to ZIKV disease severity. Emerging evidence indicates that, while in vitro models can show ADE of ZIKV infection, ADE does not seem to contribute to congenital ZIKV disease severity in humans. However, the role of ADE of ZIKV infection during pregnancy and in vertical ZIKV transmission is not well studied. In this study, we hypothesized that pregnancy may affect the ability of myeloid cells to become infected with ZIKV, potentially through ADE. We first systematically assessed which cell lines and primary cells can be used to study ZIKV ADE in vitro, and we compared the difference in outcomes of (ADE) infection experiments between these cells. Subsequently, we tested the hypothesis that pregnancy may affect the ability of myeloid cells to become infected through ADE, by performing ZIKV ADE assays with primary cells isolated from blood of pregnant women from different trimesters and from age-matched non-pregnant women. We found that ADE of ZIKV infection can be induced in myeloid cell lines U937, THP-1, and K562 as well as in monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy donors. There was no difference in permissiveness for ZIKV infection or ADE potential of ZIKV infection in primary cells of pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women. In conclusion, no increased permissiveness for ZIKV infection and ADE of ZIKV infection was found using in vitro models of primary myeloid cells from pregnant women compared to age-matched non-pregnant women.
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66
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Montalbo FJP. Machine-based mosquito taxonomy with a lightweight network-fused efficient dual ConvNet with residual learning and Knowledge Distillation. Appl Soft Comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2022.109913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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67
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Immune-Mediated Pathogenesis in Dengue Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112575. [PMID: 36423184 PMCID: PMC9699586 DOI: 10.3390/v14112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is one of the major public health concerns around the globe, especially in the tropical regions of the world that contribute to 75% percent of dengue cases. While the majority of DENV infections are mild or asymptomatic, approximately 5% of the cases develop a severe form of the disease that is mainly attributed to sequential infection with different DENV serotypes. The severity of dengue depends on many immunopathogenic mechanisms involving both viral and host factors. Emerging evidence implicates an impaired immune response as contributing to disease progression and severity by restricting viral clearance and inducing severe inflammation, subsequently leading to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Moreover, the ability of DENV to infect a wide variety of immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and T and B cells, further dysregulates the antiviral functions of these cells, resulting in viral dissemination. Although several risk factors associated with disease progression have been proposed, gaps persist in the understanding of the disease pathogenesis and further investigations are warranted. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms of DENV-mediated immunopathogenesis and its association with disease progression and severity.
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68
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Petrillo F, Petrillo A, Sasso FP, Schettino A, Maione A, Galdiero M. Viral Infection and Antiviral Treatments in Ocular Pathologies. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2224. [PMID: 36363815 PMCID: PMC9694090 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular viral infections are common and widespread globally. These infectious diseases are a major cause of acute red eyes and vision loss. The eye and its nearby tissues can be infected by several viral agents, causing infections with a short course and limited ocular implications or a long clinical progression and serious consequences for the function and structure of the ocular region. Several surveillance studies underline the increased emergence of drug resistance among pathogenic viral strains, limiting treatment options for these infections. Currently, in the event of resistant infections, topical or systemic corticosteroids are useful in the management of associated immune reactions in the eye, which contribute to ocular dysfunction. Many cases of viral eye infections are misdiagnosed as being of bacterial origin. In these cases, therapy begins late and is not targeted at the actual cause of the infection, often leading to severe ocular compromises, such as corneal infiltrates, conjunctival scarring, and reduced visual acuity. The present study aims at a better understanding of the viral pathogens that cause eye infections, along with the treatment options available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Petrillo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria-Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonietta Schettino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Maione
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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69
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Zhao DZ, Wang XK, Zhao T, Li H, Xing D, Gao HT, Song F, Chen GH, Li CX. A Swin Transformer-based model for mosquito species identification. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18664. [PMID: 36333318 PMCID: PMC9636261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito transmit numbers of parasites and pathogens resulting in fatal diseases. Species identification is a prerequisite for effective mosquito control. Existing morphological and molecular classification methods have evitable disadvantages. Here we introduced Deep learning techniques for mosquito species identification. A balanced, high-definition mosquito dataset with 9900 original images covering 17 species was constructed. After three rounds of screening and adjustment-testing (first round among 3 convolutional neural networks and 3 Transformer models, second round among 3 Swin Transformer variants, and third round between 2 images sizes), we proposed the first Swin Transformer-based mosquito species identification model (Swin MSI) with 99.04% accuracy and 99.16% F1-score. By visualizing the identification process, the morphological keys used in Swin MSI were similar but not the same as those used by humans. Swin MSI realized 100% subspecies-level identification in Culex pipiens Complex and 96.26% accuracy for novel species categorization. It presents a promising approach for mosquito identification and mosquito borne diseases control.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-zhong Zhao
- grid.48166.3d0000 0000 9931 8406College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029 China ,grid.410740.60000 0004 1803 4911State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Xin-kai Wang
- grid.410740.60000 0004 1803 4911State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071 China ,grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Teng Zhao
- grid.410740.60000 0004 1803 4911State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Hu Li
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Dan Xing
- grid.410740.60000 0004 1803 4911State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - He-ting Gao
- grid.410740.60000 0004 1803 4911State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Fan Song
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Guo-hua Chen
- grid.48166.3d0000 0000 9931 8406College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Chun-xiao Li
- grid.410740.60000 0004 1803 4911State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071 China
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70
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Exotic viral hepatitis: A review on epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment. J Hepatol 2022; 77:1431-1443. [PMID: 35817222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Certain "exotic" viruses are known to cause clinical diseases with potential liver involvement. These include viruses, beyond regular hepatotropic viruses (hepatitis A, -B(D), -C, -E, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus), that can be found in (sub)tropical areas and can cause "exotic viral hepatitis". Transmission routes typically involve arthropods (Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever, dengue, Rift Valley fever, yellow fever). However, some of these viruses are transmitted by the aerosolised excreta of rodents (Hantavirus, Lassa fever), or via direct contact or contact with bodily fluids (Ebola). Although some exotic viruses are associated with high fatality rates, such as Ebola for example, the clinical presentation of most exotic viruses can range from mild flu-like symptoms, in most cases, right through to being potentially fatal. A smaller percentage of people develop severe disease with haemorrhagic fever, possibly with (fulminant) hepatitis. Liver involvement is often caused by direct tropism for hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, resulting in virus-mediated and/or immune-mediated necrosis. In all exotic hepatitis viruses, PCR is the most sensitive diagnostic method. The determination of IgM/IgG antibodies is a reasonable alternative, but cross-reactivity can be a problem in the case of flaviviruses. Licenced vaccines are available for yellow fever and Ebola, and they are currently under development for dengue. Therapy for exotic viral hepatitis is predominantly supportive. To ensure that preventive measures can be introduced to control possible outbreaks, the timely detection of these viruses is very important.
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Designing an Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine Derived from RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp) against Dengue Virus Serotype 2. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101734. [PMID: 36298599 PMCID: PMC9611443 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever (DF) continues to be one of the tropical and subtropical health concerns. Its prevalence tends to increase in some places in these regions. This disease is caused by the dengue virus (DENV), which is transmitted through the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus. The treatment of DF to date is only supportive and there is no definitive vaccine to prevent this disease. The non-structural DENV protein, RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp), is involved in viral replication. The RdRp-derived peptides can be used in the construction of a universal dengue vaccine. These peptides can be utilized as epitopes to induce immunity. This study was an in silico evaluation of the affinity of the potential epitope for the universal dengue vaccine to dendritic cells and the bonds between the epitope and the dendritic cell receptor. The peptide sequence MGKREKKLGEFGKAKG generated from dengue virus subtype 2 (DENV-2) RdRp was antigenic, did not produce allergies, was non-toxic, and had no homology with the human genome. The potential epitope-based vaccine MGKREKKLGEFGKAKG binds stably to dendritic cell receptors with a binding free energy of −474,4 kcal/mol. This epitope is anticipated to induce an immunological response and has the potential to serve as a universal dengue virus vaccine candidate.
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72
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A performance comparison between fluorescent immunoassay and immunochromatography for rapid dengue detection in clinical specimens. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17299. [PMID: 36241653 PMCID: PMC9568653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV 1-4) infection has been a global health threat where no specific treatment is currently available. Therefore, a rapid and accurate diagnosis is critical for an appropriate management as it could reduce the burden of severe clinical manifestation. Currently, dengue immunochromatography (IC) is commonly used to primarily differentiate acute febrile illnesses. Fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) utilized a highly sensitive detection system and claimed 70-100% sensitivity and 83.5-91.7% specificity for dengue infection in a preliminary report. This report recruited samples with acute febrile illnesses sent for dengue screening and tested IC and FIA in parallel. The performance of both tests was verified by a definitive diagnosis retrieved from combinatorial reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgM and IgG confirmation tests. Results showed that the viral nonstructural protein (NS1) performance of FIA was slightly higher than IC with the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, agreement, kappa, and its standard error at 79.11, 92.28, 86.81, 87.31, 352 (87.13%), 0.725 ± 0.035, respectively; whereas those of the IC were at 76.58, 92.28, 86.43, 85.98, 348 (86.14%), 0.703 ± 0.037, respectively. Moreover, the IgM and IgG performance of FIA had higher specificity, PPV, and agreement than the IgM IC performance, suggesting that the FIA was more specific but less sensitive for antibody detection. No correlation was observed in IgM and IgG levels of ELISA and FIA assays. In conclusion, the FIA and IC were highly sensitive, specific, and substantially agreed in NS1 detection but moderately agreed in IgM and IgG detection.
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Udawatte DJ, Lang DM, Currier JR, Medin CL, Rothman AL. Dengue virus downregulates TNFR1- and TLR3-stimulated NF-κB activation by targeting RIPK1. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:926036. [PMID: 36310878 PMCID: PMC9615918 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.926036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is the most prevalent arthropod-borne virus disease and is endemic in more than 100 countries. Several DENV proteins have been shown to target crucial human host proteins to evade innate immune responses and establish a productive infection. Here we report that the DENV NS3 protein targets RIPK1 (Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase I), a central mediator of inflammation and cell death, and decreases intracellular RIPK1 levels during DENV infection. The interaction of NS3 with RIPK1 results in the inhibition of NF-κB activation in response to TNFR or TLR3 stimulation. Also, we observed that the effects of NS3 on RIPK1 were independent of NS3 protease activity. Our data demonstrate a novel mechanism by which DENV suppresses normal cellular functions to evade host innate immune responses
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshika J. Udawatte
- Institute for Immunology and Informatics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Diane M. Lang
- Institute for Immunology and Informatics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Currier
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Carey L. Medin
- Institute for Immunology and Informatics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Alan L. Rothman
- Institute for Immunology and Informatics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States
- *Correspondence: Alan L. Rothman,
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Buchori D, Mawan A, Nurhayati I, Aryati A, Kusnanto H, Hadi UK. Risk Assessment on the Release of Wolbachia-Infected Aedes aegypti in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. INSECTS 2022; 13:924. [PMID: 36292872 PMCID: PMC9604481 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti is the latest technology that was developed to eliminate dengue fever. The Ministry of Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemenristekdikti) established an expert group to identify future potential risks that may occur over a period of 30 years associated with the release of Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti. The risk assessment consisted of identifying different hazards that may have impacts on humans and the environment. From the consensus among the experts, there were 56 hazards identified and categorized into 4 components, namely, ecological matters, efficacy in mosquito management, economic and sociocultural issues, and public health standards. There were 19 hazards in the ecological group. The overall likelihood in the ecology of the mosquito is very low (0.05), with moderate consequence (0.74), which resulted in negligible risk. For the efficacy in mosquito management group, there were 12 hazards that resulted in very low likelihood (0.11) with high consequence (0.85). The overall risk for mosquito management efficacy was very low (0.09). There were 14 hazards identified in the public health standard with very low likelihood (0.07), moderate consequence (0.50) and negligible risk (0.04). Lastly, 13 hazards were identified in the economic and sociocultural group with low likelihood (0.01) but of moderate consequence (0.5), which resulted in a very low risk (0.09). The risk severity level of the four components leading to the endpoint risk of "cause more harm" due to releasing Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti is negligible (0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Damayanti Buchori
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Center for Transdisciplinary and Sustainability Science, Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, IPB University, Bogor 16153, Indonesia
| | - Amanda Mawan
- JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Department of Animal Ecology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Indah Nurhayati
- World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Aryati Aryati
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Hari Kusnanto
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Upik Kesumawati Hadi
- Division of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
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75
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Qi L, Sun Y, Juraska M, Moodie Z, Magaret CA, Heng F, Carpp LN, Gilbert PB. Neutralizing antibody correlates of sequence specific dengue disease in a tetravalent dengue vaccine efficacy trial in Asia. Vaccine 2022; 40:5912-5923. [PMID: 36068106 PMCID: PMC9881745 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In the CYD14 trial of the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine in 2-14 year-olds, neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers to the vaccine-insert dengue strains correlated inversely with symptomatic, virologically-confirmed dengue (VCD). Also, vaccine efficacy against VCD was higher against dengue prM/E amino acid sequences closer to the vaccine inserts. We integrated the nAb and sequence data types by assessing nAb titers as a correlate of sequence-specific VCD separately in the vaccine arm and in the placebo arm. In both vaccine and placebo recipients the correlation of nAb titer with sequence-specific VCD was stronger for dengue nAb contact site sequences closer to the vaccine (p = 0.005 and p = 0.012, respectively). The risk of VCD in vaccine (placebo) recipients was 6.7- (1.80)-fold lower at the 90th vs 10th percentile of nAb for viruses perfectly matched to CYD-TDV, compared to 2.1- (0.78)-fold lower at the 90th vs 10th percentile for viruses with five amino acid mismatches. The evidence for a stronger sequence-distance dependent correlate of risk for the vaccine arm indicates departure from the Prentice criteria for a valid sequence-distance specific surrogate endpoint and suggests that the nAb marker may affect dengue risk differently depending on whether nAbs arise from infection or also by vaccination. However, when restricting to baseline-seropositive 9-14 year-olds, the correlation pattern became more similar between the vaccine and placebo arms, supporting nAb titers as an approximate surrogate endpoint in this population. No sequence-specific nAb titer correlates of VCD were seen in baseline-seronegative participants. Integrated immune response/pathogen sequence data correlates analyses could help increase knowledge of correlates of risk and surrogate endpoints for other vaccines against genetically diverse pathogens. Trial registration: EU Clinical Trials Register 2014-001708-24; registration date 2014-05-26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qi
- Biostatistics and Programming, Sanofi, 55 Corporate Drive, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States.
| | - Yanqing Sun
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States.
| | - Michal Juraska
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Zoe Moodie
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Craig A Magaret
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Fei Heng
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States.
| | - Lindsay N Carpp
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Peter B Gilbert
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 3980 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
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76
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Lee MF, Voon GZ, Lim HX, Chua ML, Poh CL. Innate and adaptive immune evasion by dengue virus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1004608. [PMID: 36189361 PMCID: PMC9523788 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1004608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease which causes significant public health concerns in tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue virus (DENV) has evolved various strategies to manipulate the innate immune responses of the host such as ‘hiding’ in the ultrastructure of the host, interfering with the signaling pathway through RNA modifications, inhibiting type 1 IFN production, as well as inhibiting STAT1 phosphorylation. DENV is also able to evade the adaptive immune responses of the host through antigenic variation, antigen-dependent enhancement (ADE), partial maturation of prM proteins, and inhibition of antigen presentation. miRNAs are important regulators of both innate and adaptive immunity and they have been shown to play important roles in DENV replication and pathogenesis. This makes them suitable candidates for the development of anti-dengue therapeutics. This review discusses the various strategies employed by DENV to evade innate and adaptive immunity. The role of miRNAs and DENV non-structural proteins (NS) are promising targets for the development of anti-dengue therapeutics.
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Gómez M, Martínez D, Hernández C, Luna N, Patiño LH, Bohórquez Melo R, Suarez LA, Palma-Cuero M, Murcia LM, González Páez L, Estrada Bustos L, Medina MA, Ariza Campo K, Padilla HD, Zamora Flórez A, De las Salas JL, Muñoz M, Ramírez JD. Arbovirus infection in Aedes aegypti from different departments of Colombia. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.999169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of precise and timely knowledge about the molecular epidemiology of arboviruses of public health importance, particularly in the vector, has limited the comprehensive control of arboviruses. In Colombia and the Americas, entomovirological studies are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the frequency of natural infection and/or co-infection by Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and Chikungunya (CHIKV) in Aedes spp. circulating in different departments of Colombia (Amazonas, Boyacá, Magdalena, and Vichada) and identifying vector species by barcoding. Aedes mosquitoes were collected in departments with reported prevalence or incidence of arbovirus cases during 2020–2021, located in different biogeographic zones of the country: Amazonas, Boyacá, Magdalena, and Vichada. The insects were processed individually for RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and subsequent detection of DENV (serotypes DENV1-4 by multiplex PCR), CHIKV, and ZIKV (qRT-PCR). The positive mosquitoes for arboviruses were sequenced (Sanger method) using the subunit I of the cytochrome oxidase (COI) gene for species-level identification. In total, 558 Aedes mosquitoes were captured, 28.1% (n = 157) predominantly infected by DENV in all departments. The serotypes with the highest frequency of infection were DENV-1 and DENV-2 with 10.7% (n = 58) and 14.5% (n = 81), respectively. Coinfections between serotypes represented 3.9% (n = 22). CHIKV infection was detected in one individual (0.2%), and ZIKV infections were not detected. All infected samples were identified as A. aegypti (100%). From the COI dataset (593 bp), high levels of haplotype diversity (H = 0.948 ± 0.012) and moderate nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0225 ± 0.003) were identified, suggesting recent population expansions. Constructed phylogenetic analyses showed our COI sequences’ association with lineage I, which was reported widespread and related to a West African conspecific. We conclude that natural infection in A. aegypti by arbovirus might reflect the country’s epidemiological behavior, with a higher incidence of serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-2, which may be associated with high seroprevalence and asymptomatic infections in humans. This study demonstrates the high susceptibility of this species to arbovirus infection and confirms that A. aegypti is the main vector in Colombia. The importance of including entomovirological surveillance strategy within public health systems to understand transmission dynamics and the potential risk to the population is highlighted herein.
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Chauhan L, Matthews E, Piquet AL, Henao-Martinez A, Franco-Paredes C, Tyler KL, Beckham D, Pastula DM. Nervous System Manifestations of Arboviral Infections. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2022; 9:107-118. [PMID: 36124288 PMCID: PMC9476420 DOI: 10.1007/s40475-022-00262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Complex environmental factors and human intervention influence the spread of arthropod vectors and the cycle of transmission of arboviruses. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is diverse, ranging from serious presentations like viral hemorrhagic fever (e.g., dengue, yellow fever, rift valley fever) or shock syndromes (e.g., dengue virus) to organ-specific illness like meningoencephalitis. Recent Findings A spectrum of clinical neurologic syndromes with potential acute devastating consequences or long-term sequelae may result from some arboviral infections. Summary In this review, we describe some of the most frequent and emerging neuro-invasive arboviral infections, spectrum of neurologic disorders including encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis or poliomyelitis, acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and ocular syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Chauhan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
- Neuro-Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Elizabeth Matthews
- Neuro-Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Amanda L. Piquet
- Neuro-Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Andrés Henao-Martinez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Carlos Franco-Paredes
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
- Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, México City, México
| | - Kenneth L. Tyler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
- Neuro-Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
| | - David Beckham
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
- Neuro-Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Daniel M. Pastula
- Neuro-Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO USA
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Sekaran SD, Ismail AA, Thergarajan G, Chandramathi S, Rahman SKH, Mani RR, Jusof FF, Lim YAL, Manikam R. Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:975222. [PMID: 36159640 PMCID: PMC9492869 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.975222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a major public health concern, affecting almost 400 million people worldwide, with about 70% of the global burden of disease in Asia. Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. As the pathogenesis of viral illnesses is affected by host immune responses, various immune modulators have been proposed as biomarkers to predict the risk of the disease progression to a severe form, at a much earlier stage of the illness. However, the findings for most biomarkers are highly discrepant between studies. Meanwhile, the cross-reactivity of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells response to Dengue and Zika viruses provide important clues for further development of potential treatments. This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amni Adilah Ismail
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gaythri Thergarajan
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Samudi Chandramathi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. K. Hanan Rahman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ravishankar Ram Mani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Felicita Fedelis Jusof
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yvonne A. L. Lim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rishya Manikam
- Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Islam S, Hasan MN, Kalam SB, Islam MS, Hasan MJ, Sami CA, Chowdhury FR. Clinical Profile, Severity Spectrum, and Hospital Outcome of Dengue Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City. Cureus 2022; 14:e28843. [PMID: 36225509 PMCID: PMC9536477 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bangladesh saw its most severe dengue outbreak in 2019, with the highest number of deaths reported. This study investigated the clinical characteristics, severity spectrum, and potential outcomes of dengue in patients admitted to a tertiary care institution in Dhaka. Methods This prospective observational study was done between May 2019 to April 2020. A total of 478 nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen positive confirmed dengue cases were finally enrolled. The dengue patient's stratification and severity grading were performed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) dengue guidelines, for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control (2009). In addition, in-hospital outcomes were assessed in terms of mortality. Results The patient’s mean age was 33.90±15.82 (SD) years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.23:1. In addition to fever, the most common symptoms were myalgia (67.78%) and rashes (58.58%). According to WHO classification 33.90% of patients (n=162) were in group A, 49.40% (n=236) were in group B, and 16.70% (n=80) were in group C. The overall mortality was 1.23% in groups A, 2.97% in group B, and 11.25% in group C. The mortality was higher in the more severe group with statistical significance (p<0.001). The mean hospital stay time was significantly less in the surviving group (survival vs. death: 3.07±1.78 vs. 5.61±3.13 SD {days}, p<0.001). Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were commonly seen in all of the severity groups. Conclusion Dengue epidemics are increasing in Bangladesh. Many group B and C cases are fatal. To reduce mortality and morbidity, health care providers must remain alert. This challenge requires public health interventions and hospital readiness.
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The Roles of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10) in Dengue. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of dengue is crucial to prevent the progression to severe dengue (SD) leading to mortality rate reduction. This study aimed to determine the role of the CXCL10 in dengue and its potential utilization as one of the biomarkers for the early diagnosis of dengue. A case-control study was conducted involving healthy subjects as control (n = 10) and 193 subjects as dengue cases. The cases were categorized into dengue without warning signs (DwoWS: n = 70; 34.5 %), dengue with warning signs (DWWS: n = 108; 23.2 %), and severe dengue (SD: n = 15; 7.4 %). The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and laboratory parameters (platelet and hematocrit) were documented. Serum CXCL10 quantification was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation test were used to analyze demographic data and the correlation between CXCL10, hematocrit, and platelet respectively. The difference in age (p = 0.02) and ethnicity (p = 0.02) were significant between cases and control. Males more frequently had SD in contrast to females (4:1). The frequent warning signs were abdominal pain (42.0 %), severe vomiting (38.3 %), bleeding tendency (15.0 %), and fluid accumulation (7.2 %). The increase in hematocrit (p = 0.039) and platelet reduction (p = 0.0005) were significant in SD. The mean of CXCL10 in control (134.85 ± 48.52 rg/mL) was significantly lower than in cases (545.22 ± 76.33 rg/mL, p = 0.0005). The CXCL10 is evident to be a potential biomarker in the early diagnosis of dengue.
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Waqar K, Akhtar H, Khan MM, Umar M, Malik B, Faheem M. A case report of dengue shock syndrome complicated with multiorgan failure and hepatitis E virus superinfection. Future Virol 2022. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever is a vector borne viral disease. It is more prevalent in Southeast Asia. The main symptoms include myalgia, nausea, vomiting and rash, hence, subsequently lead to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. In the current report, we are presenting a case of a 50-year-old female patient who was presented in hospital with the symptoms of fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, productive cough and sore throat. Her serology came positive for dengue NSP1, and she was shifted to intensive care unit because of her aggravating condition. On day 4, the hepatitis E virus infection also was detected and she died after developing hepatic shock and multiorgan failure. This report states the superinfection of hepatitis E and dengue virus and highlights the significance of its early detection for better clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinza Waqar
- Department of Multidisciplinary Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hashaam Akhtar
- Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yusra Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mujeeb Khan
- Department of infectious diseases, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Department of infectious diseases, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Bisma Malik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore, Narowal Campus, Narowal, 51601, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, The Mall, 46000, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Gautam A, Singh H. Dengue Fever With Fulminant Liver Failure and Fatal Pulmonary Alveolar Hemorrhage: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e28302. [PMID: 36158364 PMCID: PMC9496646 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue infection may rarely present with end-organ dysfunction. A 22-year-old male patient presented with a serologically confirmed dengue infection, with clinical manifestations and laboratory pictures suggestive of fulminant hepatitis. The in-hospital disease course was complicated with encephalopathy, recurrent hypoglycemic episodes, coagulopathy, pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage, hypotension, and kidney injury. He was managed with intravenous fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrate, crystalloids and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) along with other recommended supportive measures for dengue and fulminant hepatic failure. The patient did not show any improvement in liver function despite therapy and succumbed to his illness on day 6 of hospitalization. In view of the large burden of disease in developing nations and atypical manifestations of dengue infection, research into effective treatment strategies is warranted.
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84
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Latanova A, Starodubova E, Karpov V. Flaviviridae Nonstructural Proteins: The Role in Molecular Mechanisms of Triggering Inflammation. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081808. [PMID: 36016430 PMCID: PMC9414172 DOI: 10.3390/v14081808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Flaviviridae family are posing a significant threat to human health worldwide. Many flaviviruses are capable of inducing severe inflammation in humans. Flaviviridae nonstructural proteins, apart from their canonical roles in viral replication, have noncanonical functions strongly affecting antiviral innate immunity. Among these functions, antagonism of type I IFN is the most investigated; meanwhile, more data are accumulated on their role in the other pathways of innate response. This review systematizes the last known data on the role of Flaviviridae nonstructural proteins in molecular mechanisms of triggering inflammation, with an emphasis on their interactions with TLRs and RLRs, interference with NF-κB and cGAS-STING signaling, and activation of inflammasomes.
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Cheng YL, Chao CH, Lai YC, Hsieh KH, Wang JR, Wan SW, Huang HJ, Chuang YC, Chuang WJ, Yeh TM. Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 S1-RBD cross-react with dengue virus and hinder dengue pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941923. [PMID: 36045680 PMCID: PMC9420930 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally since December 2019. Several studies reported that SARS-CoV-2 infections may produce false-positive reactions in dengue virus (DENV) serology tests and vice versa. However, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 and DENV cross-reactive antibodies provide cross-protection against each disease or promote disease severity. In this study, we confirmed that antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its receptor-binding domain (S1-RBD) were significantly increased in dengue patients compared to normal controls. In addition, anti-S1-RBD IgG purified from S1-RBD hyperimmune rabbit sera could cross-react with both DENV envelope protein (E) and nonstructural protein 1 (NS1). The potential epitopes of DENV E and NS1 recognized by these antibodies were identified by a phage-displayed random peptide library. In addition, DENV infection and DENV NS1-induced endothelial hyperpermeability in vitro were inhibited in the presence of anti-S1-RBD IgG. Passive transfer anti-S1-RBD IgG into mice also reduced prolonged bleeding time and decreased NS1 seral level in DENV-infected mice. Lastly, COVID-19 patients’ sera showed neutralizing ability against dengue infection in vitro. Thus, our results suggest that the antigenic cross-reactivity between the SARS-CoV-2 S1-RBD and DENV can induce the production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1-RBD antibodies that cross-react with DENV which may hinder dengue pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Cheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Hsuan Chao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chung Lai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Han Hsieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ren Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jyun Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chun Chuang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Leadgene Biomedical, Inc., Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Jer Chuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Trai-Ming Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Trai-Ming Yeh,
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86
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Chen WC, Huang CH, Liu W, Lee JC. Sulforaphane suppresses dengue virus replication by inhibition of dengue protease and enhancement of antiviral interferon response through Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 induction. Antiviral Res 2022; 207:105400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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87
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The Efficacy of the Traditional Thai Remedy “Ya-Ha-Rak” against Dengue Virus Type 2. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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88
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Srisuphanunt M, Puttaruk P, Kooltheat N, Katzenmeier G, Wilairatana P. Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7080162. [PMID: 36006254 PMCID: PMC9416179 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7080162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop simple diagnostic guidelines which would be useful for the early detection of severe dengue infections. Retrospective data of patients with dengue infection were reviewed. Patients with diagnosed dengue infection were categorized in line with the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-10): A90, dengue fever; A91, dengue hemorrhagic fever; and A910, dengue hemorrhagic fever with shock. A total of 302 dengue-infected patients were enrolled, of which 136 (45%) were male and 166 (55%) were female. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine independent diagnostic predictors of severe dengue infection and to convert simple diagnostic guidelines into a scoring system for disease severity. Coefficients for significant predictors of disease severity generated by ordinal multivariable logistic regression analysis were transformed into item scores. The derived total scores ranged from 0 to 38.6. The cut-off score for predicting dengue severity was higher than 14, with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.902. The predicted positive value (PPV) was 68.7% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 94.1%. Our study demonstrates that several diagnostic parameters can be effectively combined into a simple score sheet with predictive value for the severity evaluation of dengue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuna Srisuphanunt
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
- Excellent Center for Dengue and Community Public Health, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Hematology and Transfusion Science Research Center, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.P.); (P.W.)
| | - Palakorn Puttaruk
- Department of Medical Technology Laboratory, Thammasat University Hospital, Thammasat University, Rangsit Centre, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.P.); (P.W.)
| | - Nateelak Kooltheat
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
- Hematology and Transfusion Science Research Center, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Gerd Katzenmeier
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.P.); (P.W.)
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89
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Fonseka CL, Hardman CS, Woo J, Singh R, Nahler J, Yang J, Chen YL, Kamaladasa A, Silva T, Salimi M, Gray N, Dong T, Malavige GN, Ogg GS. Dengue virus co-opts innate type 2 pathways to escape early control of viral replication. Commun Biol 2022; 5:735. [PMID: 35869167 PMCID: PMC9306424 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cell products and high levels of type 2 cytokines are associated with severe dengue disease. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are type-2 cytokine-producing cells that are activated by epithelial cytokines and mast cell-derived lipid mediators. Through ex vivo RNAseq analysis, we observed that ILC2 are activated during acute dengue viral infection, and show an impaired type I-IFN signature in severe disease. We observed that circulating ILC2 are permissive for dengue virus infection in vivo and in vitro, particularly when activated through prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). ILC2 underwent productive dengue virus infection, which was inhibited through CRTH2 antagonism. Furthermore, exogenous IFN-β induced expression of type I-IFN responsive anti-viral genes by ILC2. PGD2 downregulated type I-IFN responsive gene and protein expression; and urinary prostaglandin D2 metabolite levels were elevated in severe dengue. Moreover, supernatants from activated ILC2 enhanced monocyte infection in a GM-CSF and mannan-dependent manner. Our results indicate that dengue virus co-opts an innate type 2 environment to escape early type I-IFN control and facilitate viral dissemination. PGD2 downregulates type I-IFN induced anti-viral responses in ILC2. CRTH2 antagonism may be a therapeutic strategy for dengue-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathuranga L Fonseka
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - Clare S Hardman
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeongmin Woo
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Randeep Singh
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Janina Nahler
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jiahe Yang
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Achala Kamaladasa
- Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Tehani Silva
- Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
- General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Rathmalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Maryam Salimi
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicki Gray
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tao Dong
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gathsaurie N Malavige
- Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Graham S Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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90
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Sekaran SD, Liew ZM, Yam HC, Raju CS. The association between diabetes and obesity with Dengue infections. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:101. [PMID: 35864519 PMCID: PMC9301891 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue, an arboviral disease is a global threat to public health as the number of Dengue cases increases through the decades and this trend is predicted to continue. Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity are also on an upward trend. Moreover, past clinical studies have shown comorbidities worsen the clinical manifestation of especially Severe Dengue. However, discussion regarding the underlying mechanisms regarding the association between these comorbidities and dengue are lacking. The hallmark of Severe Dengue is plasma leakage which is due to several factors including presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines and dysregulation of endothelial barrier protein expression. The key factors of diabetes affecting endothelial functions are Th1 skewed responses and junctional-related proteins expression. Additionally, obesity alters the lipid metabolism and immune response causing increased viral replication and inflammation. The similarity between diabetes and obesity individuals is in having chronic inflammation resulting in endothelial dysfunction. This review outlines the roles of diabetes and obesity in severe dengue and gives some insights into the plausible mechanisms of comorbidities in Severe Dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Sekaran
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University Springhill Campus, Port Dickson, 70100, Negri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Z M Liew
- Faculty of Applied Science, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - H C Yam
- Faculty of Applied Science, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - C S Raju
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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91
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A fatal case of dengue hemorrhagic fever associated with dengue virus 4 (DENV-4) in Brazil: genomic and histopathological findings. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1305-1312. [PMID: 35779208 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue infection is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in subtropical and tropical regions, whose primary vector is Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The mechanisms of dengue virus (DENV) pathogenesis are little understood because we have no good disease models. Only humans develop symptoms (dengue fever, DF, or dengue hemorrhagic fever, DHF) and research has been limited to studies involving patients. Samples from serum, brain, cerebellum, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys from a 13-year-old male patient that died with hemorrhagic manifestations were sent for differential diagnosis at Adolfo Lutz, using both classical virological methods (RT-qPCR, virus isolation, ELISA, and hemagglutination inhibition test) and immunohistochemistry (IHQ). A DENV serotype 4 was detected by a DENV multiplex RT-qPCR, and the C6/36 cell supernatant was used for NGS using Minion. Lesions were described in the heart, liver, lung, and kidney with positive IHQ in endothelial cells of the brain, cerebellum, heart, and kidney, and also in hepatocytes and Kuppfer cells. A whole genome was obtained, revealing a DENV-4 genotype II, with no evidence of secondary dengue infection.
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92
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation initial score as a predictor of mortality in children with dengue shock syndrome: A retrospective cohort study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 79:103890. [PMID: 35860092 PMCID: PMC9289251 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mortality of dengue shock syndrome (DSS) in children is still high at 12–44%. Assessment of DIC initial score using the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis scoring system can help diagnosing and treating DIC, while also predicting mortality in pediatric patients with DSS. Methods We retrospectively collected data of children with DSS at Dr. Sardjito Hospital between January 2017 and June 2021 with inclusion criteria such as age 1 month to 18 years and laboratory parameters taken within first 24 h after DSS workup. Results Results showed a sample population consisting of 20 male subjects (58.8%), 24 aged >5 years (76.0%), 21 with good nutritional status (61.8%), and median length of stay 5 days (3–7), with saturation of 98% (97–99) and median pediatric Glasgow coma scale level of consciousness of 13. The laboratory profile showed median levels of hematocrit at 40.9% (32.9–44.9), thrombocytes at 20,500/L (14,000–32,000), prothrombin time of 17.8 s (14.9–25.3), fibrinogen at 123 mg/dL (106–184) and D-dimer at 832.5 ng/mL (362–1119). A DIC initial score of ≥5 25 (73.5%) resulted with a mortality of 9 children (36.0%) with a 92% survival rate in the first 6 h. The first 6-h survival according to each DIC score parameter showed 93.8%, 100%, 85.7%, and 94.1% of thrombocytes ≤50,000 μ/L, fibrinogen <100 mg/dL, D-dimer >1000 ng/mL, and prothrombin time >6 s, respectively. Conclusion A DIC initial score ≥5 can be used as a mortality predictor in the first 6 h after DSS diagnosis. The mortality of dengue shock syndrome (DSS) in children is still high. Assessment of DIC initial score using the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis scoring system. DIC initial score can be used as a mortality predictor.
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93
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Singh K, Martinez MG, Lin J, Gregory J, Nguyen TU, Abdelaal R, Kang K, Brennand K, Grünweller A, Ouyang Z, Phatnani H, Kielian M, Wendel HG. Transcriptional and Translational Dynamics of Zika and Dengue Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:1418. [PMID: 35891396 PMCID: PMC9316442 DOI: 10.3390/v14071418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are members of the Flaviviridae family of RNA viruses and cause severe disease in humans. ZIKV and DENV share over 90% of their genome sequences, however, the clinical features of Zika and dengue infections are very different reflecting tropism and cellular effects. Here, we used simultaneous RNA sequencing and ribosome footprinting to define the transcriptional and translational dynamics of ZIKV and DENV infection in human neuronal progenitor cells (hNPCs). The gene expression data showed induction of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARS) and the translation activating PIM1 kinase, indicating an increase in RNA translation capacity. The data also reveal activation of different cell stress responses, with ZIKV triggering a BACH1/2 redox program, and DENV activating the ATF/CHOP endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress program. The RNA translation data highlight activation of polyamine metabolism through changes in key enzymes and their regulators. This pathway is needed for eIF5A hypusination and has been implicated in viral translation and replication. Concerning the viral RNA genomes, ribosome occupancy readily identified highly translated open reading frames and a novel upstream ORF (uORF) in the DENV genome. Together, our data highlight both the cellular stress response and the activation of RNA translation and polyamine metabolism during DENV and ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Singh
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer, Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Maria Guadalupe Martinez
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (M.G.M.); (R.A.); (M.K.)
- Global Innovation, Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, 69800 Saint-Priest, France
| | - Jianan Lin
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032 and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
| | - James Gregory
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.G.); (K.K.); (H.P.)
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA
| | - Trang Uyen Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer, Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Rawan Abdelaal
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (M.G.M.); (R.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Kristy Kang
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.G.); (K.K.); (H.P.)
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA
| | - Kristen Brennand
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Arnold Grünweller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Zhengqing Ouyang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.G.); (K.K.); (H.P.)
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA
| | - Margaret Kielian
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (M.G.M.); (R.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Hans-Guido Wendel
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
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94
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Gao Y, Tai W, Wang X, Jiang S, Debnath AK, Du L, Chen S. A gossypol derivative effectively protects against Zika and dengue virus infection without toxicity. BMC Biol 2022; 20:143. [PMID: 35706035 PMCID: PMC9202104 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) cause microcephaly and dengue hemorrhagic fever, respectively, leading to severe problems. No effective antiviral agents are approved against infections of these flaviviruses, calling for the need to develop potent therapeutics. We previously identified gossypol as an effective inhibitor against ZIKV and DENV infections, but this compound is toxic and not suitable for in vivo treatment. Results In this study, we showed that gossypol derivative ST087010 exhibited potent and broad-spectrum in vitro inhibitory activity against infections of at least ten ZIKV strains isolated from different hosts, time periods, and countries, as well as DENV-1-4 serotypes, and significantly reduced cytotoxicity compared to gossypol. It presented broad-spectrum in vivo protective efficacy, protecting ZIKV-infected Ifnar1−/− mice from lethal challenge, with increased survival and reduced weight loss. Ifnar1−/− mice treated with this gossypol derivative decreased viral titers in various tissues, including the brain and testis, after infection with ZIKV at different human isolates. Moreover, ST087010 potently blocked ZIKV vertical transmission in pregnant Ifnar1−/− mice, preventing ZIKV-caused fetal death, and it was safe for pregnant mice and their pups. It also protected DENV-2-challenged Ifnar1−/− mice against viral replication by reducing the viral titers in the brain, kidney, heart, and sera. Conclusions Overall, our data indicate the potential for further development of this gossypol derivative as an effective and safe broad-spectrum therapeutic agent to treat ZIKV and DENV diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01344-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Gao
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Wanbo Tai
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Asim K Debnath
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Lanying Du
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Shizhong Chen
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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95
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Kanamura CT, Piazza RMF, Iglézias SD'A, Borges CC, Sansone M, Polatto JM, Teixeira DL, da Silva MA, Rocha LB, Nogueira JS, Maeda AY, da Silva Vasami FG. Anti-DENV-NS1 monoclonal antibody for the differential histopathological diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever caused by dengue. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:777-783. [PMID: 35129818 PMCID: PMC9151983 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease in humans in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in urban areas, and can cause major epidemics. Although a self-limiting illness, it may sometimes have serious hemorrhagic manifestations, and the outcome of dengue hemorrhagic fever has similar clinical manifestations as in other infections, which could result in death. Therefore, autopsy procedures are required under certain circumstances such as in hemorrhagic fevers, sometimes to confirm or to clarify the diagnosis that may have epidemiological consequences. Normally, the Immunohistochemistry Laboratory of the Pathology Center of Adolfo Lutz Institute receives autopsy samples from different hospitals in Sao Paulo State to confirm a previous diagnosis, especially hemorrhagic fever of infectious etiology. For this diagnosis, we have been using a mouse polyclonal antibody to dengue virus that often does not provide a clear conclusion, because of background staining or no relevant immunostaining, which hampers the histopathological analysis. Accordingly, in the present study, anti-DENV-NS1 monoclonal antibody (4H2) was tested to determine its accuracy in immunohistochemical analysis. Twenty-four autopsy cases of hemorrhagic febrile syndrome showing histopathological alterations compatible with dengue disease were studied: twenty cases were confirmed by RT-PCR for DENV-2 and in four by RT-PCR for yellow fever virus. Samples from autopsied cases of deaths caused by other infectious diseases (two meningitis C and two severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by influenza A H1N1) were included as negative control cases. Positive immunostaining for DENV-NS1 was detected in 16/20 (80%) liver samples and 11/15 (73%) spleen samples from autopsied hemorrhagic dengue patients, whereas the polyclonal antibody detected DENV antigens in 12/20 (60%) liver and in 6/15 (40%) spleen samples from the same cases. Positive results were not obtained with liver biopsy samples from yellow fever or Neisseria meningitides and Flu-A cases. 4H2 mAb recognizes the native protein of the four DENV serotypes in infected cells and did not cross-react with native ZIKV- or CHKV-infected cells by immunohistochemical assay, so it is a useful tool for differential histopathological conclusion of acute febrile hemorrhagic deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Takami Kanamura
- Núcleo de Anatomia Patológica Do Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cinthya Cirqueira Borges
- Núcleo de Anatomia Patológica Do Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sansone
- Núcleo de Anatomia Patológica Do Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Juliana Silva Nogueira
- Núcleo de Doenças de Transmissão Vetorial Do Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Yurika Maeda
- Núcleo de Doenças de Transmissão Vetorial Do Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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96
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Coutinho-da-Silva MS, Sucupira PHF, Bicalho KA, Campi-Azevedo AC, Brito-de-Sousa JP, Peruhype-Magalhães V, Rios M, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Coelho-dos-Reis JGA, Antonelli LRDV, de Rezende VB, de Melo FLR, Garcia CC, Silva-Andrade JC, da Costa-Rocha IA, Bastos MDS, da Rocha LA, Silva VA, Ferreira EDS, Marinho EPM, Costa AG, Gomes MDS, Amaral LR, Furtado ECDS, da Silva EVP, Ramos BA, dos Santos ÉB, Freitas MNO, Vasconcelos PFDC, Martins-Filho OA, Araújo MSS, Ferreira MS, Martins LC. Serum Soluble Mediator Profiles and Networks During Acute Infection With Distinct DENV Serotypes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:892990. [PMID: 35711447 PMCID: PMC9193801 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A panoramic analysis of chemokines, pro-inflammatory/regulatory cytokines, and growth factors was performed in serum samples from patients with acute DENV infection (n=317) by a high-throughput microbeads array. Most soluble mediators analyzed were increased in DENV patients regardless of the DENV serotype. The substantial increase (≥10-fold) of CXCL10, IL-6, and IFN-γ, and decreased levels of PDGF (<0.4-fold) was universally identified in all DENV serotypes. Of note, increased levels of CXCL8, CCL4, and IL-12 (≥3-9-fold) were selectively observed in DENV2 as compared to DENV1 and DENV4. Heatmap and biomarker signatures further illustrated the massive release of soluble mediators observed in DENV patients, confirming the marked increase of several soluble mediators in DENV2. Integrative correlation matrices and networks showed that DENV infection exhibited higher connectivity among soluble mediators. Of note, DENV2 displayed a more complex network, with higher connectivity involving a higher number of soluble mediators. The timeline kinetics (Day 0-1, D2, D3, D4-6) analysis additionally demonstrated differences among DENV serotypes. While DENV1 triggers a progressive increase of soluble mediators towards D3 and with a decline at D4-6, DENV2 and DENV4 develop with a progressive increase towards D4-6 with an early plateau observed in DENV4. Overall, our results provided a comprehensive overview of the immune response elicited by DENV infection, revealing that infection with distinct DENV serotypes causes distinct profiles, rhythms, and dynamic network connectivity of soluble mediators. Altogether, these findings may provide novel insights to understand the pathogenesis of acute infection with distinct DENV serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kelly Alves Bicalho
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ-Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maria Rios
- Office of Blood Research and Review (OBRR), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Fernanda Ludolf Ribeiro de Melo
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ-Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Couto Garcia
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ-Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Michele de Souza Bastos
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Escola de Enfermagem de Manaus, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Lucia Alves da Rocha
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Escola de Enfermagem de Manaus, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Valderjane Aprigio Silva
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Ewerton da Silva Ferreira
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Allyson Guimarães Costa
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Escola de Enfermagem de Manaus, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Souza Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análises Moleculares, Rede Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Patos de Minas, Brazil
| | - Laurence Rodrigues Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análises Moleculares, Rede Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Patos de Minas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruna Alves Ramos
- Departamento de Arboviroses e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Éder Barros dos Santos
- Departamento de Arboviroses e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | | | | | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ-Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, ; Márcio Sobreira Silva Araújo,
| | - Márcio Sobreira Silva Araújo
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ-Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, ; Márcio Sobreira Silva Araújo,
| | | | - Livia Carício Martins
- Departamento de Arboviroses e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
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Juliansen A, Heriyanto RS, Budiputri CL, Meliani F, Muljono MP, Chandra S, Octavius GS. Warning Signs in Predicting Severe Pediatric Dengue Infection. J PEDIAT INF DIS-GER 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1745838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective The uncertainty of dengue's progression from infection to its severe form represents a major health care challenge, especially in children. Clinical identification of impending clinical manifestations of severe dengue (SD), along with proper and immediate management, is crucial. Thus, this study assesses the ability of warning signs to predict SD infection in pediatric patients.
Methods This cross-sectional study utilized purposive sampling using medical records from January 2015 to December 2020. Children aged 0 to 18 years diagnosed with dengue fever and SD according to the World Health Organization's 2009 criteria were included.
Discussion Multivariate analysis revealed that abdominal pain (odds ratio [OR]: 16.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.78–70.64; p < 0.001), fluid accumulation (OR: 10.51, 95% CI: 1.17–94.3; p = 0.036), mucosal bleeding (OR: 4.77; 95% CI: 1.27–17.91; p = 0.021), lethargy (OR: 94.37; 95% CI: 4.92–180.79; p = 0.003), hepatomegaly (OR: 17.57; 95% CI: 2.14–144.13; p = 0.008), and increased hematocrit concurrent with a rapid decrease in platelets (OR: 6.89; 95% CI: 1.79–26.51, p = 0.005) were associated with SD infection, with a high quality of discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.96) and a high quality of fit (p = 0.73). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that 1.5 warning signs was the optimal cut-off for predicting SD infection, with a sensitivity of 90.9 and a specificity of 89.8%.
Conclusion All six warning signs were significantly associated with SD infection. The optimal cut-off for predicting SD was 1.5 warning signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andry Juliansen
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Fellisa Meliani
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Michelle P. Muljono
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Shally Chandra
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Gilbert S. Octavius
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia
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98
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Astorga-Gamaza A, Grau-Expósito J, Burgos J, Navarro J, Curran A, Planas B, Suanzes P, Falcó V, Genescà M, Buzon M. Identification of HIV-reservoir cells with reduced susceptibility to antibody-dependent immune response. eLife 2022; 11:78294. [PMID: 35616530 PMCID: PMC9177146 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV establishes a persistent infection in heterogeneous cell reservoirs, which can be maintained by different mechanisms including cellular proliferation, and represent the main obstacle to curing the infection. The expression of the Fcγ receptor CD32 has been identified as a marker of the active cell reservoirs in people on antiretroviral therapy, but if its expression has any role in conferring advantage for viral persistence is unknown. Here, we report that HIV-infected cells expressing CD32 have reduced susceptibility to natural killer (NK) antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) by a mechanism compatible with the suboptimal binding of HIV-specific antibodies. Infected CD32 cells have increased proliferative capacity in the presence of immune complexes, and are more resistant to strategies directed to potentiate NK function. Remarkably, reactivation of the latent reservoir from antiretroviral-treated people living with HIV increases the pool of infected CD32 cells, which are largely resistant to the ADCC immune mechanism. Thus, we report the existence of reservoir cells that evade part of the NK immune response through the expression of CD32.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joaquín Burgos
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
| | - Jordi Navarro
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
| | - Adrià Curran
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
| | - Bibiana Planas
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
| | - Paula Suanzes
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
| | - Vicenç Falcó
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
| | - Meritxell Genescà
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
| | - Maria Buzon
- Infectious Disease Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)
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99
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Elimination of a closed population of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, through releases of self-limiting male mosquitoes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010315. [PMID: 35576193 PMCID: PMC9135344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishment of novel mosquito control technologies such as the use of genetically engineered insects typically involves phased testing to generate robust data-sets that support its safe and effective use as a vector control tool. In this study, we demonstrate the ability of the transgenic self-limiting OX513A Aedes aegypti strain to suppress a wild type Ae. aegypti population in an outdoor containment facility in India. OX513A is a genetically engineered Ae. aegypti strain with a repressible dominant self-limiting gene. When male adult OX513A mate with wild female adults, a single copy of the self-limiting gene is inherited by all the progeny, leading to death of >95% of progeny during larval/pupal development. A wild-type population of Ae. aegypti was established and stabilized during a 14 week period in five paired field cage units, each consisting of control and treatment cages, followed by weekly releases of OX513A male adults to suppress the target population. The successive introductions of OX513A male adults led to a consistent decline in wild type numbers eventually resulting in the elimination of Ae. aegypti from all treated cages within 10 to 15 weeks of release. This study demonstrates that Ae. aegypti elimination may be a realistic and achievable target in relatively isolated environments. Aedes aegypti L. species is the primary vector responsible for transmission of the dengue virus worldwide including chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika virus. The experiment presented in the manuscript represents a study undertaken to demonstrate suppression of the wild type Ae. aegypti population in large outdoor field cages with natural exposure to the environment (physically-contained field cage facility) by sustained releases of male adults of OX513A Ae. aegypti strain. This investigation is a phase-2 contained study as per the World Health Organization guidelines for evaluation of genetically modified organisms and was recommended by the Indian regulatory board. This experiment demonstrates suppression of wild type Ae. aegypti population by sustained releases of OX513A male adults in a contained facility. The prospect of the project is to demonstrate and implement the technology for controlling/suppression of the Ae. aegypti vector in the open field environment.
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100
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Mukherjee S, Saha B, Tripathi A. Clinical significance of differential serum-signatures for early prediction of severe dengue among Eastern Indian patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 208:72-82. [PMID: 35348620 PMCID: PMC9113256 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue infection can result in simple dengue fever or life-threatening severe dengue. Early identification of severe patients is needed for proper disease management. Dengue infection was screened among 168 symptomatic patients by qRT-PCR, anti-dengue IgM, and IgG ELISA. Dengue patients were categorized according to WHO classification. Viral load and dengue serotypes were determined by qRT-PCR. Levels of acute-phase-proteins (SAP, SAA2; CRP and ApoA1), endothelial (Ang2, VEGF), coagulation (fibrinogen) markers were determined by sandwich ELISA/immunoturbidimetry/western-blotting. Hepatic (ALT, AST, ALP) and other blood biochemical parameters were studied by autoanalyzer and haematology cell counter. Statistical analysis and protein-protein-interaction network were performed by GraphPad-Prism and STRINGS database, respectively. Among 87 dengue patients, significantly higher levels of Ang2, VEGF, CRP, SAA2, ApoA1, AST, ALT, and AST/ALT ratio and low level of fibrinogen were detected in severe-dengue cases compared to dengue without warning-signs, with seven of them severely altered during febrile-phase. Higher fold-change of Ang2 and VEGF as well as decreased fibrinogen were observed among patients with haemorrhagic-manifestation, clinical-fluid accumulation and thrombocytopenia. Functional network analysis predicted Ang2, VEGF, and CRP to be functionally and physically connected and SAA2 and ApoA1 to be functioning together. Correlation analyses also validated this connectivity by a strong positive correlation between Ang2, VEGF, and CRP. PCA analysis followed by hierarchical clustering heatmap analysis segregated severe-dengue patients from the rest, with VEGF, Ang2, ApoA1, AST, and ALT clearly distinguishing the severe-dengue group. Thus, serum levels of VEGF, Ang2, ApoA1, AST, and ALT might act as potential biomarkers for predicting dengue severity during the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bibhuti Saha
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anusri Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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