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Liu X, Giarola V, Quan W, Song X, Bartels D. Identification and characterization of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase CpCCT1 in the resurrection plant Craterostigma plantagineum. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110698. [PMID: 33288011 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine is a major phospholipid which is shown to be involved in stress adaptation. Phosphatidylcholine increased during dehydration in Craterostigma plantagineum, and therefore we characterized CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CpCCT1), a key regulatory enzyme for phosphatidylcholine synthesis in plants. The CpCCT1 gene from the resurrection plant C. plantagineum was cloned and the amino acid sequence was compared with homologs from other species including yeast and rat. CCT proteins have conserved catalytic and membrane-binding domains while the N-terminal and C-terminal domains have diverged. The tissue specific expression analysis indicated that CpCCT1 is expressed in all tested tissues and it is induced by dehydration and in response to 0.5 M NaCl solutions. In plants exposed to low temperature in the dark, the CpCCT1 transcript increased after 4 h at 4 °C. CpCCT1 expression also increased during mannitol and sorbitol treatments in a concentration dependent manner. Phytohormones such as abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic acid also trigged transcript accumulation. Comparisons of transcript and protein accumulations for different treatments (except for dehydration) suggest transcriptional and translational control mechanisms. Analysis of promoter activity and polysome occupancy suggest that CpCCT1 gene expression is mainly under translational regulation during dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Valentino Giarola
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Wenli Quan
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany; Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables of Hubei Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, 432000, China
| | - Xiaomin Song
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Jing T, Zhang N, Gao T, Wu Y, Zhao M, Jin J, Du W, Schwab W, Song C. UGT85A53 promotes flowering via mediating abscisic acid glucosylation and FLC transcription in Camellia sinensis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:7018-7029. [PMID: 32777072 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-dependent glycosyltransferases catalyse the glycosylation of small molecules and play important roles in maintaining cell homeostasis and regulating plant development. Glycosyltransferases are widely distributed, but their detailed roles in regulating plant growth and development are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a UDP-glycosyltransferase, UGT85A53, from Camellia sinensis, the expression of which was strongly induced by various abiotic stress factors and its protein product was distributed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Ectopic overexpression of CsUGT85A53 in Arabidopsis resulted in an early-flowering phenotype under both long- and short-day conditions. The transcript accumulation of the flowering repressor genes FLC and ABI5, an activator of FLC in ABA-regulated flowering signaling, were both significantly decreased in transgenic Arabidopsis compared with wild-type plants. The decreased expression level of FLC might be associated with an increased level of DNA methylation that was observed in CsUGT85A53-overexpressing (OE) plants. Biochemical analyses showed that CsUGT85A53 could glucosylate ABA to form inactive ABA-glycoside in vitro and in planta. Overexpression of CsUGT85A53 in Arabidopsis resulted in a decreased concentration of free ABA and increased concentration of ABA-glucoside. The early-flowering phenotype in the CsUGT85A53-OE transgenic lines was restored by ABA application. Furthermore, CsUGT85A53-OE plants displayed an ABA-insensitive phenotype with higher germination rates compared with controls in the presence of low concentrations of exogenous ABA. Our findings are the first to identify a UGT in tea plants that catalyses ABA glucosylation and enhance flowering transition as a positive regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Jieyang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Wenkai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str., Freising, Germany
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
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Abstract
Grafting watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) onto resistant rootstocks is an effective technique in the management of biotic and abiotic stresses. Since the first reported grafting of watermelon for disease resistance in 1927, adoption of the practice has been steadily increasing up to 95% in Japan, Korea, Greece, Israel and Turkey. However, for grafting to be further adopted in the United States and other regions of the world with high labor costs and high plant volume demands, the watermelon grafting method must be more time and labor efficient as well as suitable for automation. To accomplish these goals, recent advances have been achieved in splice grafting of watermelon, where both cotyledons are removed from the rootstock. This review provides a summary of the new discoveries regarding watermelon grafting and an overview of the anatomy of cucurbit stems and the physiological processes that occur at the time of grafting and during the healing process in order to enhance the understanding of the complex nature of the cucurbit vascular system, which limits grafting success. This review article further provides insights to guide future research and technology development that will support the expansion of watermelon grafting.
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54
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Bilek MA, Soolanayakanahally RY, Guy RD, Mansfield SD. Physiological Response of Populus balsamifera and Salix eriocephala to Salinity and Hydraulic Fracturing Wastewater: Potential for Phytoremediation Applications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207641. [PMID: 33092092 PMCID: PMC7589555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Natural and anthropogenic soil degradation is resulting in a substantial rise in the extension of saline and industrially-polluted soils. Phytoremediation offers an environmentally and economically advantageous solution to soil contamination. Three growth trials were conducted to assess the stress tolerance of native Canadian genotypes of Populus balsamifera L., Salix eriocephala Michx., and one hybrid willow (S. discolor × S. dasyclados) to salinity and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) wastewater. Thirty-three genotypes were grown in NaCl or fracking wastewater solutions between 0 and 7 mS−1 over a period of 3–4 months. P. balsamifera was observed to be relatively salt-intolerant compared to S. eriocephala and hybrid willow, which is likely caused by an inability of P. balsamifera to restrict Na+ translocation. Photosynthesis and transpiration decreased with salinity treatments, and severe reductions occurred with exposure to fracking solutions. Raffinose and stachyose content was tripled in leaf and root tissues. In willows, Na+ was primarily confined to root tissues, Cl− accumulated up to 5% dry weight in leaves, and K+ was translocated from roots to leaves. Willow genotypes CAM-2 and STL-2 displayed the greatest maintenance of growth and resistance to necrotic symptoms in all trials, suggesting that these genotypes may be useful for practical application and further field study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Bilek
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | | | - Robert D. Guy
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | - Shawn D. Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
- Correspondence:
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55
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Borisova-Mubarakshina MM, Vetoshkina DV, Naydov IA, Rudenko NN, Zhurikova EM, Balashov NV, Ignatova LK, Fedorchuk TP, Ivanov BN. Regulation of the size of photosystem II light harvesting antenna represents a universal mechanism of higher plant acclimation to stress conditions. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:959-969. [PMID: 32564779 DOI: 10.1071/fp19362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated acclimatory responses of Arabidopsis plants to drought and salinity conditions before the appearance of obvious signs of damage caused by these factors. We detected changes indicating an increase in the reduction level of the chloroplast plastoquinone pool (PQ pool) 5-7 days after introduction of the stress factors. After 10-14 days, a decrease in the size of PSII light harvesting antenna was observed in plants under conditions of drought and salinity. This was confirmed by a decrease in content of PSII antenna proteins and by downregulation of gene expression levels of these proteins under the stress conditions. No changes in values of performance index and maximum quantum yield of PSII were detected. Under drought and salinity, the content of hydrogen peroxide in leaves was higher than in control leaves. Thus, we propose that reduction of the size of PSII antenna represents one of the universal mechanisms of acclimation of higher plants to stress factors and the downsizing already begins to manifest under mild stress conditions. Both the PQ pool reduction state and the hydrogen peroxide content are important factors needed for the observed rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Borisova-Mubarakshina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation; and Corresponding author.
| | - Daria V Vetoshkina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya A Naydov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia N Rudenko
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Elena M Zhurikova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai V Balashov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation; and Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila K Ignatova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana P Fedorchuk
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
| | - Boris N Ivanov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Institutskaya st. 2, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russian Federation
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56
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Transcriptome and Hormone Analyses Revealed Insights into Hormonal and Vesicle Trafficking Regulation among Olea europaea Fruit Tissues in Late Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144819. [PMID: 32650402 PMCID: PMC7404322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit ripening and abscission are the results of the cell wall modification concerning different components of the signaling network. However, molecular-genetic information on the cross-talk between ripe fruit and their abscission zone (AZ) remains limited. In this study, we investigated transcriptional and hormonal changes in olive (Olea europaea L. cv Picual) pericarp and AZ tissues of fruit at the last stage of ripening, when fruit abscission occurs, to establish distinct tissue-specific expression patterns related to cell-wall modification, plant-hormone, and vesicle trafficking in combination with data on hormonal content. In this case, transcriptome profiling reveals that gene encoding members of the α-galactosidase and β-hexosaminidase families associated with up-regulation of RabB, RabD, and RabH classes of Rab-GTPases were exclusively transcribed in ripe fruit enriched in ABA, whereas genes of the arabinogalactan protein, laccase, lyase, endo-β-mannanase, ramnose synthase, and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase families associated with up-regulation of RabC, RabE, and RabG classes of Rab-GTPases were exclusively transcribed in AZ-enriched mainly in JA, which provide the first insights into the functional divergences among these protein families. The enrichment of these protein families in different tissues in combination with data on transcript abundance offer a tenable set of key genes of the regulatory network between olive fruit tissues in late development.
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57
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Shang X, Yu Y, Zhu L, Liu H, Chai Q, Guo W. A cotton NAC transcription factor GhirNAC2 plays positive roles in drought tolerance via regulating ABA biosynthesis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110498. [PMID: 32540016 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
NAC protein is a large plant specific transcription factor family, which plays important roles in the response to abiotic stresses. However, the regulation mechanism of most NAC proteins in drought stress remains to be further uncovered. In this study, we elucidated the molecular functions of a NAC protein, GhirNAC2, in response to drought stress in cotton. GhirNAC2 was greatly induced by drought and phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). Subcellular localization demonstrated that GhirNAC2 was located in the nucleus. Co-suppression of GhirNAC2 in cotton led to larger stomata aperture, elevated water loss and finally reduced transgenic plants tolerance to drought stress. Furthermore, the endogenous ABA content was significantly lower in GhirNAC2-suppressed transgenic plant leaves compared to wild type. in vivo and in vitro studies showed that GhirNAC2 directly binds to the promoter of GhNCED3a/3c, key genes in ABA biosynthesis, which were both down-regulated in GhirNAC2-suppressed transgenic lines. Transient silencing of GhNCED3a/3c also significantly reduced the resistance to drought stress in cotton plants. However, ectopic expression of GhirNAC2 in tobacco significantly enhanced seed germination, root growth and plant survival under drought stress. Taken together, GhirNAC2 plays a positive role in cotton drought tolerance, which functions by modulating ABA biosynthesis and stomata closure via regulating GhNCED3a/3c expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Hybrid Cotton R & D Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yujia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Hybrid Cotton R & D Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Hybrid Cotton R & D Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hanqiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Hybrid Cotton R & D Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qichao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Hybrid Cotton R & D Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Hybrid Cotton R & D Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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58
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Hou B, Shen Y. A Clathrin-Related Protein, SCD2/RRP1, Participates in Abscisic Acid Signaling in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:892. [PMID: 32625229 PMCID: PMC7314967 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in many aspects of plant growth and development, and responses to diverse stresses. Although much progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of ABA homoeostasis and signaling, the mechanism by which plant cells integrate ABA trafficking and signaling to regulate plant developmental processes is poorly understood. In this study, we used Arabidopsis STOMATAL CYTOKINESIS DEFECTIVE 2/RIPENING-REGULATED PROTEIN 1 (SCD2/RRP1) mutants and overexpression plants, in combination with transcriptome and protein-interaction assays, to investigate SCD2/RRP1 involvement in the integration of ABA trafficking and signaling in seed germination and seedling growth. Manipulation of SCD2/RRP1 expression affected ABA sensitivity in seed germination and seedling growth, as well as transcription of several ABA transporter genes and ABA content. RNA-sequencing analysis of Arabidopsis transgenic mutants suggested that SCD2/RRP1 was associated with ABA signaling via a type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C) protein. The N- and C-terminal regions of SCD2/RRP1 separately interacted with both PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE 1 (PYR1) and ABA INSENSITIVE 1 (ABI1) on the plasma membrane, and SCD2/RRP1 acted genetically upstream of ABI1. Interestingly, ABA inhibited the interaction of SCD2/RRP1 with ABI1, but did not affect the interaction of SCD2/RRP1 with PYR1. These results suggested that in Arabidopsis SCD2/RRP1participates in early seed development and growth potentially through clathrin-mediated endocytosis- and clathrin-coated vesicle-mediated ABA trafficking and signaling. These findings provide insight into the mechanism by which cells regulate plant developmental processes through ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhu Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyue Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Meng J, Hu B, Yi G, Li X, Chen H, Wang Y, Yuan W, Xing Y, Sheng Q, Su Z, Xu C. Genome-wide analyses of banana fasciclin-like AGP genes and their differential expression under low-temperature stress in chilling sensitive and tolerant cultivars. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:693-708. [PMID: 32128627 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thirty MaFLAs vary in their molecular features. MaFLA14/18/27/29 are likely to be involved in banana chilling tolerance by facilitating the cold signaling pathway and enhancing the cell wall biosynthesis. Although several studies have identified the molecular functions of individual fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein (FLA) genes in plant growth and development, little information is available on their involvement in plant tolerance to low-temperature (LT) stress, and the related underlying mechanism is far from clear. In this study, the different expression of FLAs of banana (Musa acuminata) (MaFLAs) in the chilling-sensitive (CS) and chilling-tolerant (CT) banana cultivars under natural LT was investigated. Based on the latest banana genome database, a genome-wide identification of this gene family was done and the molecular features were analyzed. Thirty MaFLAs were distributed in 10 out of 11 chromosomes and these clustered into four major phylogenetic groups based on shared gene structure. Twenty-four MaFLAs contained N-terminal signal, 19 possessed predicted glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), while 16 had both. Most MaFLAs were downregulated by LT stress. However, MaFLA14/18/29 were upregulated by LT in both cultivars with higher expression level recorded in the CT cultivar. Interestingly, MaFLA27 was significantly upregulated in the CT cultivar, but the opposite occurred for the CS cultivar. MaFLA27 possessed only N-terminal signal, MaFLA18 contained only GPI anchor, MaFLA29 possessed both, while MaFLA14 had neither. Thus, it was suggested that the accumulation of these FLAs in banana under LT could improve banana chilling tolerance through facilitating cold signal pathway and thereafter enhancing biosynthesis of plant cell wall components. The results provide background information of MaFLAs, suggest their involvement in plant chilling tolerance and their potential as candidate genes to be targeted when breeding CT banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Meng
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bei Hu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ganjun Yi
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoquan Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Houbin Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Weina Yuan
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanqing Xing
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiming Sheng
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zuxiang Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Chunxiang Xu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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60
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Li X, Li S, Wang J, Lin J. Exogenous Abscisic Acid Alleviates Harmful Effect of Salt and Alkali Stresses on Wheat Seedlings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3770. [PMID: 32466495 PMCID: PMC7312401 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous hormones play an important role in plant growth regulation and stress tolerance. However, little is known about the effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on wheat seedlings under salt and alkali stresses. Here, a pot experiment of saline and alkaline stresses (0 and 100 mmol/L) in which ABA water solution (0, 50 and 100 μmol/L) was sprayed on wheat seedlings was conducted to study the alleviative effectiveness of ABA on salt and alkali stresses. After spraying ABA (50 μmol·L-1), shoot biomass increased 19.0% and 26.7%, respectively. The Na+ content in shoots reduced from 15-fold and 61.5-fold to 10-fold and 37.3-fold in salt and alkali stresses, compared to controls. In addition, proline and organic acid synthesis in shoots also reduced significantly, but the soluble sugar content increased under alkali stress. A high concentration of ABA (100 μmol·L-1) had no significant effects on biomass and ion content in wheat seedlings under both stresses. In conclusion, foliar application of ABA with moderate concentration could effectively accelerate shoot growth of salt-induced wheat seedlings by adjusting the levels of ions and organic solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (X.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Shuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (X.L.); (S.L.)
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Jinghong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Jixiang Lin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
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61
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Zhang H, Xiang Y, He N, Liu X, Liu H, Fang L, Zhang F, Sun X, Zhang D, Li X, Terzaghi W, Yan J, Dai M. Enhanced Vitamin C Production Mediated by an ABA-Induced PTP-like Nucleotidase Improves Plant Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis and Maize. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:760-776. [PMID: 32068157 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key phytohormone that mediates environmental stress responses. Vitamin C, or L-ascorbic acid (AsA), is the most abundant antioxidant protecting against stress damage in plants. How the ABA and AsA signaling pathways interact in stress responses remains elusive. In this study, we characterized the role of a previously unidentified gene, PTPN (PTP-like Nucleotidase) in plant drought tolerance. In Arabidopsis, (AtPTPN was expressed in multiple tissues and upregulated by ABA and drought treatments. Loss-of-function mutants of AtPTPN were hyposensitive to ABA but hypersensitive to drought stresses, whereas plants with enhanced expression of AtPTPN showed opposite phenotypes to . Overexpression of maize PTPN (ZmPTPN) promoted, while knockdown of ZmPTPN inhibited plant drought tolerance, indicating conserved and positive roles of PTPN in plant drought tolerance. We found that both AtPTPN and ZmPTPN release Pi by hydrolyzing GDP/GMP/dGMP/IMP/dIMP, and that AtPTPN positively regulated AsA production via endogenous Pi content control. Consistently, overexpression of VTC2, the rate-limiting synthetic enzyme in AsA biosynthesis, promoted AsA production and plant drought tolerance, and these effects were largely dependent on AtPTPN activity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the heat shock transcription factor HSFA6a directly binds the AtPTPN promoter and activates AtPTPN expression. Genetic analyses showed that AtPTPN is required for HSFA6a to regulate ABA and drought responses. Taken together, our data indicate that PTPN-mediated crosstalk between the ABA signaling and AsA biosynthesis pathways positively controls plant drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanli Xiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Neng He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiangguo Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130124, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liping Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaopeng Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Delin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xingwang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - William Terzaghi
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18766, USA
| | - Jianbing Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mingqiu Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Correia S, Queirós F, Ferreira H, Morais MC, Afonso S, Silva AP, Gonçalves B. Foliar Application of Calcium and Growth Regulators Modulate Sweet Cherry ( Prunus avium L.) Tree Performance. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040410. [PMID: 32224852 PMCID: PMC7238238 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cracking of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruits is caused by rain events close to harvest. This problem has occurred in most cherry growing regions with significant economic losses. Several orchard management practices have been applied to reduce the severity of this disorder, like the foliar application of minerals or growth regulators. In the present study, we hypothesized that preharvest spray treatments improve the physiological performance of sweet cherry trees and could also mitigate environmental stressful conditions. Effects of repeated foliar spraying of calcium (Ca), gibberellic acid (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), glycine betaine (GB), and the biostimulant Ascophyllum nodosum (AN) on the physiological and biochemical performance of ‘Skeena’ sweet cherry trees during two consecutive years (without Ca in 2015 and in 2016 with addition of Ca) were studied. Results showed that in general spray treatments improved the physiological performance and water status of the trees. AN and ABA sprays were demonstrated to be the best compounds for increasing yield and reducing cherry cracking as well as improving photosynthetic performance and leaf metabolites content. In conclusion, AN and ABA might be promising tools in the fruit production system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Correia
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (H.F.); (M.C.M.); (S.A.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Filipa Queirós
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV, I.P.), Pólo de Alcobaça, Estrada de Leiria, 2460-059 Alcobaça, Portugal;
| | - Helena Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (H.F.); (M.C.M.); (S.A.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Maria Cristina Morais
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (H.F.); (M.C.M.); (S.A.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Sílvia Afonso
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (H.F.); (M.C.M.); (S.A.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Ana Paula Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (H.F.); (M.C.M.); (S.A.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Berta Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (H.F.); (M.C.M.); (S.A.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
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Zong N, Wang H, Li Z, Ma L, Xie L, Pang J, Fan Y, Zhao J. Maize NCP1 negatively regulates drought and ABA responses through interacting with and inhibiting the activity of transcription factor ABP9. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:339-357. [PMID: 31894455 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
NCP1, a NINJA family protein lacking EAR motif, acts as a negative regulator of ABA signaling by interacting with and inhibiting the activity of transcriptional activator ABP9. The phytohormone abscisic acid plays a pivotal role in regulating plant responses to a variety of abiotic stresses including drought and salinity. Maize ABP9 is an ABRE-binding bZIP transcription activator that enhances plant tolerance to multiple stresses by positively regulating ABA signaling, but the molecular mechanism by which ABP9 is regulated in mediating ABA responses remains unknown. Here, we report the identification of an ABP9-interacting protein, named ABP Nine Complex Protein 1 (NCP1) and its functional characterization. NCP1 belongs to the recently identified NINJA family proteins, but lacks the conserved EAR motif, which is a hallmark of this class of transcriptional repressors. In vitro and in vivo assays confirmed that NCP1 physically interacts with ABP9 and that they are co-localized in the nucleus. In addition, NCP1 and ABP9 are similarly induced with similar patterns by ABA treatment and osmotic stress. Interestingly, NCP1 over-expressing Arabidopsis plants exhibited a reduced sensitivity to ABA and decreased drought tolerance. Transient assay in maize protoplasts showed that NCP1 inhibits the activity of ABP9 in activating ABRE-mediated reporter gene expression, a notion further supported by genetic analysis of drought and ABA responses in the transgenic plants over-expressing both ABP9 and NCP1. These data together suggest that NCP1 is a novel negative regulator of ABA signaling via interacting with and inhibiting the activity of ABP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zong
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqian Wang
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaoxia Li
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xie
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Junling Pang
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunliu Fan
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Faculty of Maize Functional Genomics, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Jung H, Jo SH, Park HJ, Lee A, Kim HS, Lee HJ, Cho HS. Golgi-localized cyclophilin 21 proteins negatively regulate ABA signalling via the peptidyl prolyl isomerase activity during early seedling development. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:19-38. [PMID: 31786704 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00928-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant possesses particular Golgi-resident cyclophilin 21 proteins (CYP21s) and the catalytic isomerase activities have a negative effect on ABA signalling gene expression during early seedling development. Cyclophilins (CYPs) are essential for diverse cellular process, as these catalyse a rate-limiting step in protein folding. Although Golgi proteomics in Arabidopsis thaliana suggests the existence of several CYPs in the Golgi apparatus, only one putative Golgi-resident CYP protein has been reported in rice (Oryza sativa L.; OsCYP21-4). Here, we identified the Golgi-resident CYP21 family genes and analysed their molecular characteristics in Arabidopsis and rice. The CYP family genes (CYP21-1, CYP21-2, CYP21-3, and CYP21-4) are plant-specific, and their appearance and copy numbers differ among plant species. CYP21-1 and CYP21-4 are common to all angiosperms, whereas CYP21-2 and CYP21-3 evolved in the Malvidae subclass. Furthermore, all CYP21 proteins localize to cis-Golgi, trans-Golgi or both cis- and trans-Golgi membranes in plant cells. Additionally, based on the structure, enzymatic function, and topological orientation in Golgi membranes, CYP21 proteins are divided into two groups. Genetic analysis revealed that Group I proteins (CYP21-1 and CYP21-2) exhibit peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity and regulate seed germination and seedling growth and development by affecting the expression levels of abscisic acid signalling genes. Thus, we identified the Golgi-resident CYPs and demonstrated that their PPIase activities are required for early seedling growth and development in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haemyeong Jung
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Seung Hee Jo
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Areum Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Soon Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jun Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hye Sun Cho
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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65
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Lin JH, Yu LH, Xiang CB. ARABIDOPSIS NITRATE REGULATED 1 acts as a negative modulator of seed germination by activating ABI3 expression. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:835-847. [PMID: 31491809 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is a crucial transition point in plant life and is tightly regulated by environmental conditions through the coordination of two phytohormones, gibberellin and abscisic acid (ABA). To avoid unfavorable conditions, plants have evolved safeguard mechanisms for seed germination. The present contribution reports a novel function of the Arabidopsis MCM1/AGAMOUS/DEFICIENS/SRF(MADS)-box transcription factor ARABIDOPSIS NITRATE REGULATED 1 (ANR1) in seed germination. ANR1 knockout mutant is insensitive to ABA, salt and osmotic stress during the seed germination and early seedling development stages, whereas ANR1-overexpressing lines are hypersensitive. ANR1 is responsive to ABA and abiotic stresses and upregulates the expression of ABA Intolerant (ABI)3 to suppress seed germination. ANR1 and ABI3 have similar expression pattern during seed germination. Genetically, ABI3 acts downstream of ANR1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and yeast-one-hybrid assays showed that ANR1 could bind to the ABI3 promoter to regulate its expression. In addition, ANR1 acts synergistically with AGL21 to suppress seed germination in response to ABA as evidenced by anr1 agl21 double mutant. Taken together, the results herein demonstrate that the ANR1 plays an important role in regulating seed germination and early postgermination growth. ANR1 and AGL21 together constitutes a safeguard mechanism for seed germination to avoid unfavorable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230027, China
| | - Lin-Hui Yu
- School of Life Sciences and Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230027, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Xiang
- School of Life Sciences and Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230027, China
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66
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Fu X, Liu H, Hassani D, Peng B, Yan X, Wang Y, Wang C, Li L, Liu P, Pan Q, Zhao J, Qian H, Sun X, Tang K. AaABCG40 Enhances Artemisinin Content and Modulates Drought Tolerance in Artemisia annua. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:950. [PMID: 32676091 PMCID: PMC7333515 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses, including senescence, seed germination, cold stress and drought. Several kinds of researches indicate that exogenous ABA can enhance artemisinin content in A. annua. Some transcription factors related to ABA signaling are identified to increase artemisinin accumulation through activating the artemisinin synthase genes. However, no prior study on ABA transporter has been performed in A. annua. Here, we identified a pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) transporter gene AaPDR4/AaABCG40 from A. annua. AaABCG40 was expressed mainly in roots, leaves, buds, and trichomes. GUS activity is primarily observed in roots and the vascular tissues of young leaves in proAaABCG40: GUS transgenic A. annua plants. When AaABCG40 was transferred into yeast AD12345678, yeasts expressing AaABCG40 accumulated more ABA than the control. The AaABCG40 overexpressing plants showed higher artemisinin content and stronger drought tolerance. Besides, the expression of CYP71AV1 in OE-AaABCG40 plants showed more sensitivity to exogenous ABA than that in both wild-type and iAaABCG40 plants. According to these results, they strongly suggest that AaABCG40 is involved in ABA transport in A. annua.
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Verma RK, Santosh Kumar VV, Yadav SK, Pushkar S, Rao MV, Chinnusamy V. Overexpression of ABA Receptor PYL10 Gene Confers Drought and Cold Tolerance to Indica Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1488. [PMID: 31850010 PMCID: PMC6892954 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays versatile functions in regulating plant development and tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Towards elucidating the functions of one of the ABA receptors (ABARs) in rice, OsPYL10 was cloned from drought tolerant rice cv. Nagina 22 and was overexpressed under stress inducible RD29A promoter in a mega rice variety MTU1010 by using Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation. Four single copy transgenic lines selected based on Southern blot analysis were used for physiological and molecular analysis. PYL10 receptor appears to regulate its ligand ABA accumulation as PYL10 overexpressing transgenics accumulated 2-3.3-fold higher levels of ABA than that of WT in flag leaf at anthesis under non-stress conditions. The enhanced accumulation of ABA was associated with enhanced expression of genes for ABA biosynthesis viz., ZEP1, NCED1, NCED2, NCED3, and NCED4 in transgenics than in WT plants. At seedling stage, PYL10 transgenics showed significantly higher survival rate under cold stress as compared with WT plants. qRT-PCR analysis showed that expression levels of cold responsive genes viz., DREB1F, MYB3R2, TPP1, COR410, DEHYDRIN, and LEA3 were significantly higher in PYL10 overexpressing transgenic lines as compared to WT plants under cold stress. PYL10 transgenic and WT plants grown in the same pot were subjected to -80 kPa drought stress and recovery treatments at vegetative and reproductive stages. At vegetative stage drought stress, three overexpressing lines showed significantly higher grain yield (40-58%) and at reproductive stage drought stress one of these overexpression lines showed two-fold higher grain yield than that of WT plants. Excised leaf water loss analysis showed that PYL10 transgenic lost about 20% less water than WT plants. At reproductive stage, OsPYL10 transgenic maintained higher RWC, membrane stability index, chlorophyll content, and accumulated lower amount of MDA and H2O2 as compared with WT plants. qRT-PCR analysis showed that expression levels of RAB16, Dehydrin, LEA3, and ABA45 were higher in PYL10 transgenics as compared with WT plants under drought stress. Thus, overall results showed that OsPYL10 overexpression has potential to improve both drought and cold stress tolerance of indica rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Verma
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shashank Kumar Yadav
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Suchitra Pushkar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mandali Venkateswara Rao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Pelagio-Flores R, Muñoz-Parra E, Barrera-Ortiz S, Ortiz-Castro R, Saenz-Mata J, Ortega-Amaro MA, Jiménez-Bremont JF, López-Bucio J. The cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinase CRK28 modulates Arabidopsis growth and development and influences abscisic acid responses. PLANTA 2019; 251:2. [PMID: 31776759 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CRK28, a cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase, plays a role in root organogenesis and overall growth of plants and antagonizes abscisic acid response in seed germination and primary root growth. Receptor-like kinases (RLK) orchestrate development and adaptation to environmental changes in plants. One of the largest RLK groups comprises cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs), for which the function of most members remains unknown. In this report, we show that the loss of function of CRK28 led to the formation of roots that are longer and more branched than the parental (Col-0) plantlets, and this correlates with an enhanced domain of the mitotic reporter CycB1:uidA in primary root meristems, whereas CRK28 overexpressing lines had the opposite phenotype, including slow root growth and reduced lateral root formation. Epidermal cell analyses revealed that crk28 mutants had reduced root hair length and increased trichome number, whereas 35S::CRK28 lines present primary roots with longer root hairs but lesser trichomes in leaves. The overall growth in soil of crk28 mutant and CRK28 overexpressing lines was reduced or enhanced, respectively, when compared to the parental (Col-0) seedlings, while germination, root growth and expression analyses of ABI3 and ABI5 further showed that CRK28 modulates ABA responses, which may be important to fine-tune plant morphogenesis. Our study unravels the participation of RLK signaling in root growth and epidermal cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Pelagio-Flores
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B3, 58040, Morelia, MICH, Mexico
| | - Edith Muñoz-Parra
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B3, 58040, Morelia, MICH, Mexico
| | - Salvador Barrera-Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B3, 58040, Morelia, MICH, Mexico
| | - Randy Ortiz-Castro
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91070, Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Jorge Saenz-Mata
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Universidad s/n, Fracc. Filadelfia, 35010, Gómez Palacio, DGO, Mexico
| | - María Azucena Ortega-Amaro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B3, 58040, Morelia, MICH, Mexico.
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69
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Li X, Wu L, Qiu Y, Wang T, Zhou Q, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Liu Z. Abscisic Acid Receptors Modulate Metabolite Levels and Phenotype in Arabidopsis Under Normal Growing Conditions. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9110249. [PMID: 31652982 PMCID: PMC6918416 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9110249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a vital phytohormone that accumulates in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as plant growth. In Arabidopsis thaliana, there are 14 members of the ABA receptor family, which are key positive regulators involved in ABA signaling. Besides reduced drought stress tolerance, the quadruple and sextuple mutants (pyr1pyl1pyl2pyl4 (1124) and pyr1pyl1pyl2pyl4pyl5pyl8 (112458) show abnormal growth phenotypes, such as decreases in yield and height, under non-stress conditions. However, it remains unknown whether ABA receptors mediate ABA signaling to regulate plant growth and development. Here, we showed the primary metabolite profiles of 1124, 112458 and wild-type (WT) plants grown under normal conditions. The metabolic changes were significantly different between ABA receptor mutants and WT. Guanosine, for the biosynthesis of cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP), is an important second messenger that acts to regulate the level of ABA. In addition, other amino acids were increased in the 112458 mutant, including proline. These results, together with phenotype analysis, indicated that ABA receptors are involved in ABA signaling to modulate metabolism and plant growth under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Lintao Wu
- Rape Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, China.
| | - Yao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Perera I, Fukushima A, Akabane T, Horiguchi G, Seneweera S, Hirotsu N. Expression regulation of myo-inositol 3-phosphate synthase 1 (INO1) in determination of phytic acid accumulation in rice grain. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14866. [PMID: 31619750 PMCID: PMC6795888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) is the primary phosphorus (P) storage compound in the seeds of cereals and legumes. Low PA crops, which are considered an effective way to improve grain nutrient availability and combat environmental issues relating to seed P have been developed using mutational and reverse genetics approaches. Here, we identify molecular mechanism regulating PA content among natural rice variants. First, we performed genome-wide association (GWA) mapping of world rice core collection (WRC) accessions to understand the genetic determinants underlying PA trait in rice. Further, a comparative study was undertaken to identify the differences in PA accumulation, protein profiles, and gene expression in low (WRC 5) and high PA (WRC 6) accessions. GWA results identified myo-inositol 3-phosphate synthase 1 (INO1) as being closely localized to a significant single nucleotide polymorphism. We found high rates of PA accumulation 10 days after flowering, and our results indicate that INO1 expression was significantly higher in WRC 6 than in WRC 5. Seed proteome assays found that the expression of INO1 was significantly higher in WRC 6. These results suggest that not only the gene itself but regulation of INO1 gene expression at early developmental stages is important in determining PA content in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishara Perera
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
- Grain Legumes and Oil Crops Research and Development Centre, Department of Agriculture, Angunakolapelessa, Sri Lanka
| | - Ayaka Fukushima
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Akabane
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
| | - Genki Horiguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
| | - Saman Seneweera
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia
| | - Naoki Hirotsu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan.
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan.
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71
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Lozano-Juste J, Masi M, Cimmino A, Clement S, Fernández MA, Antoni R, Meyer S, Rodriguez PL, Evidente A. The fungal sesquiterpenoid pyrenophoric acid B uses the plant ABA biosynthetic pathway to inhibit seed germination. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5487-5494. [PMID: 31257433 PMCID: PMC6793445 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pyrenophoric acid (P-Acid), P-Acid B, and P-Acid C are three phytotoxic sesquiterpenoids produced by the ascomycete seed pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda, a fungus proposed as a mycoherbicide for biocontrol of cheatgrass, an extremely invasive weed. When tested in cheatgrass bioassays, these metabolites were able to delay seed germination, with P-Acid B being the most active compound. Here, we have investigated the cross-kingdom activity of P-Acid B and its mode of action, and found that it activates the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway in order to inhibit seedling establishment. P-Acid B inhibits seedling establishment in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana, while several mutants affected in the early perception as well as in downstream ABA signaling components were insensitive to the fungal compound. However, in spite of structural similarities between ABA and P-Acid B, the latter is not able to activate the PYR/PYL family of ABA receptors. Instead, we have found that P-Acid B uses the ABA biosynthesis pathway at the level of alcohol dehydrogenase ABA2 to reduce seedling establishment. We propose that the fungus P. semeniperda manipulates plant ABA biosynthesis as a strategy to reduce seed germination, increasing its ability to cause seed mortality and thereby increase its fitness through higher reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: or
| | - Marco Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Napoli, Italy
| | - Suzette Clement
- Shrub Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Maria A Fernández
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Regina Antoni
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Susan Meyer
- Shrub Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: or
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72
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Ribalta FM, Pazos-Navarro M, Edwards K, Ross JJ, Croser JS, Ochatt SJ. Expression Patterns of Key Hormones Related to Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Embryo Physiological Maturity Shift in Response to Accelerated Growth Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1154. [PMID: 31611890 PMCID: PMC6776635 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Protocols have been proposed for rapid generation turnover of temperate legumes under conditions optimized for day-length, temperature, and light spectra. These conditions act to compress time to flowering and seed development across genotypes. In pea, we have previously demonstrated that embryos do not efficiently germinate without exogenous hormones until physiological maturity is reached at 18 days after pollination (DAP). Sugar metabolism and moisture content have been implicated in the modulation of embryo maturity. However, the role of hormones in regulating seed development is poorly described in legumes. To address this gap, we characterized hormonal profiles (IAA, chlorinated auxin [4-Cl-IAA], GA20, GA1, and abscisic acid [ABA]) of developing seeds (10-22 DAP) from diverse pea genotypes grown under intensive conditions optimized for rapid generation turnover and compared them to profiles of equivalent samples from glasshouse conditions. Growing plants under intensive conditions altered the seed hormone content by advancing the auxin, gibberellins (GAs) and ABA profiles by 4 to 8 days, compared with the glasshouse control. Additionally, we observed a synchronization of the auxin profiles across genotypes. Under intensive conditions, auxin peaks were observed at 10 to 12 DAP and GA20 peaks at 10 to 16 DAP, indicative of the end of embryo morphogenesis and initiation of seed desiccation. GA1 was detected only in seeds harvested in the glasshouse. These results were associated with an acceleration of embryo physiological maturity by up to 4 days in the intensive environment. We propose auxin and GA profiles as reliable indicators of seed maturation. The biological relevance of these hormonal fluctuations to the attainment of physiological maturity, in particular the role of ABA and GA, was investigated through the study of precocious in vitro germination of seeds 12 to 22 DAP, with and without exogenous hormones. The extent of sensitivity of developing seeds to exogenous ABA was strongly genotype-dependent. Concentrations between 5 and 10 µM inhibited germination of seeds 18 DAP. Germination of seeds 12 DAP was enhanced 2.5- to 3-fold with the addition of 125 µM GA3. This study provides further insights into the hormonal regulation of seed development and in vitro precocious germination in legumes and contributes to the design of efficient and reproducible biotechnological tools for rapid genetic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico M. Ribalta
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Maria Pazos-Navarro
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Kylie Edwards
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - John J. Ross
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Janine S. Croser
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Sergio J. Ochatt
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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73
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Upadhyay N, Kar D, Deepak Mahajan B, Nanda S, Rahiman R, Panchakshari N, Bhagavatula L, Datta S. The multitasking abilities of MATE transporters in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4643-4656. [PMID: 31106838 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants constantly monitor environmental cues and respond appropriately to modulate their growth and development. Membrane transporters act as gatekeepers of the cell regulating both the inflow of useful materials as well as exudation of harmful substances. Members of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family of transporters are ubiquitously present in almost all forms of life including prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In bacteria, MATE proteins were originally characterized as efflux transporters conferring drug resistance. There are 58 MATE transporters in Arabidopsis thaliana, which are also known as DETOXIFICATION (DTX) proteins. In plants, these integral membrane proteins are involved in a diverse array of functions, encompassing secondary metabolite transport, xenobiotic detoxification, aluminium tolerance, and disease resistance. MATE proteins also regulate overall plant development by controlling phytohormone transport, tip growth processes, and senescence. While most of the functional characterizations of MATE proteins have been reported in Arabidopsis, recent reports suggest that their diverse roles extend to numerous other plant species. The wide array of functions exhibited by MATE proteins highlight their multitasking ability. In this review, we integrate information related to structure and functions of MATE transporters in plants. Since these transporters are central to mechanisms that allow plants to adapt to abiotic and biotic stresses, their study can potentially contribute to improving stress tolerance under changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
| | - Debojyoti Kar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
| | - Bhagyashri Deepak Mahajan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
- Cellular Organization and Signalling, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sanchali Nanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
| | - Rini Rahiman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nimisha Panchakshari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
- Department of Genetics, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Biocenter, Germany
| | - Lavanya Bhagavatula
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
| | - Sourav Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, India
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Kale L, Nakurte I, Jalakas P, Kunga-Jegere L, Brosché M, Rostoks N. Arabidopsis mutant dnd2 exhibits increased auxin and abscisic acid content and reduced stomatal conductance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 140:18-26. [PMID: 31078052 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel gene 4 (AtCNGC4) loss-of-function mutant dnd2 exhibits elevated accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), dwarfed morphology, reduced hypersensitive response (HR), altered disease resistance and spontaneous lesions on plant leaves. An orthologous barley mutant, nec1, has been reported to over-accumulate indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and to exhibit changes in stomatal regulation in response to exogenous auxin. Here we show that the Arabidopsis dnd2 over-accumulates both IAA and abscisic acid (ABA) and displays related phenotypic and physiological changes, such as, reduced stomatal size, higher stomatal density and stomatal index. dnd2 showed increased salt tolerance in root growth assay and significantly reduced stomatal conductance, while maintaining near wt reaction in stomatal conductance upon external application of ABA, and probably consequently increased drought stress tolerance. Introduction of both sid2-1 and fmo1 into dnd2 background resulting in removal of SA did not alter stomatal conductance. Hence, the closed stomata of dnd2 is probably a result of increased ABA levels and not increased SA levels. The triple dnd2sid2abi1-1 mutant exhibited intermediate stomatal conductance compared to dnd2 and abi1-1 (ABA insensitive, open stomata), while the response to external ABA was as in abi1-1 suggesting that reduced stomatal conductance in dnd2 is not due to impaired ABA signaling. In conclusion, Arabidopsis dnd2 mutant exhibited ABA overaccumulation and stomatal phenotypes, which may contribute to the observed improvement in drought stress resistance. Thus, Arabidopsis dnd2 mutant may serve as a model for studying crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress and hormonal response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liga Kale
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Ilva Nakurte
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Pirko Jalakas
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Laura Kunga-Jegere
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia; Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nils Rostoks
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Street, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia.
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75
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Chen E, Zhang X, Yang Z, Zhang C, Wang X, Ge X, Li F. BR deficiency causes increased sensitivity to drought and yield penalty in cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:220. [PMID: 31138186 PMCID: PMC6537406 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassinosteroids (BRs) play crucial roles in drought tolerance, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear in the important oilseed and fiber crop, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). RESULTS To elucidate how BRs mediate drought tolerance in cotton, a cotton brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient mutant, pag1 (pagoda1), was employed for analysis. Importantly, the pag1 mutant showed increased sensitivity to drought stress, with shorter primary roots and fewer lateral roots. The number of stomata was significantly increased in the mutant, and the stomata aperture was much wider than that of the control plants. These mutant plants therefore showed an increased water loss rate. Furthermore, the abscisic acid (ABA) content, photosynthetic efficiency and starch content of the mutant were significantly lower than those of the wild type. The overall performance of the mutant plants was worse than that of the wild-type control under both normal and drought conditions. Moreover, Proteomic analysis revealed reduced levels of stress-related proteins in pag1 plants. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that BRs may modulate the drought tolerance of cotton by regulating much genes that related to drought stress and multiple organ responses to drought, including root growth, stomata development, the stomata aperture and photosynthesis. This study provides an important basis for understanding drought resistance regulated by BRs and cultivating drought-resistant cotton lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Zuoren Yang
- Zhengzhou Research base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Chaojun Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Fuguang Li
- Zhengzhou Research base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
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76
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Differential Function of Endogenous and Exogenous Abscisic Acid during Bacterial Pattern-Induced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102544. [PMID: 31126160 PMCID: PMC6566928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in positively or negatively regulating plant disease resistance to pathogens. Here, we reassess the role of endogenous and exogenous ABA by using: 35S::ABA2, a previously reported transgenic Arabidopsis line with increased endogenous ABA levels; aba2-1, a previously reported ABA2 mutant with reduced endogenous ABA levels; and exogenous application of ABA. We found that bacterial susceptibility promoted by exogenous ABA was suppressed in 35S::ABA2 plants. The 35S::ABA2 and aba2-1 plants displayed elevated and reduced levels, respectively, of bacterial flagellin peptide (flg22)-induced H2O2. Surprisingly, ABA pre-treatment reduced flg22-induced H2O2 generation. Exogenous, but not endogenous ABA, increased catalase activity. Loss of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase genes, RBOHD and RBOHF, restored exogenous ABA-promoted bacterial susceptibility of 35S::ABA2 transgenic plants. In addition, endogenous and exogenous ABA had similar effects on callose deposition and salicylic acid (SA) signaling. These results reveal an underlying difference between endogenous and exogenous ABA in regulating plant defense responses. Given that some plant pathogens are able to synthesize ABA and affect endogenous ABA levels in plants, our results highlight the importance of reactive oxygen species in the dual function of ABA during plant-pathogen interactions.
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77
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Genome-Wide Identification, Evolution, and Transcriptional Profiling of PP2C Gene Family in Brassica rapa. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2965035. [PMID: 31073524 PMCID: PMC6470454 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2965035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The type 2C protein which belongs to the major group of protein phosphatases (PP2C) plays a vital role in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and signal transductions processes. In the present study, 131 PP2C genes were identified in total in Brassica rapa and categorized into thirteen subgroups based on their phylogenetic relationships. These B. rapa PP2C are structurally conserved based on amino acid sequence alignment, phylogenetic analysis, and conserved domains. Moreover, we utilized previously reported RNA-sequence data on various tissues (root, stem, leaf, flower, and silique), which suggests overlapping expression pattern in 29 paralogous gene pairs. The qRT-PCR validation of 15 paralogous gene pairs depicts distinct expression patterns in response to various abiotic stresses, such as heat, cold, ABA, and drought. Interestingly, stress-responsive BraPP2C candidate genes were also identified, suggesting their significance in stress-tolerance mechanism in B. rapa. The evolutionary analysis for 15 paralogous gene pairs suggested that only three pairs have the positive selection and remaining were purifying in nature. The presented results of this study hasten our understanding of the molecular evolution of the PP2C gene family in B. rapa. Thus, it will be ultimately helping in future research for facilitating the functional characterization of BraPP2C genes in developing the abiotic stress tolerant plants.
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78
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Ji H, Wang S, Cheng C, Li R, Wang Z, Jenkins GI, Kong F, Li X. The RCC1 family protein SAB1 negatively regulates ABI5 through multidimensional mechanisms during postgermination in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:907-922. [PMID: 30570158 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid-insensitive 5 (ABI5) is an essential and conserved plant basic leucine zipper transcription factor whose level controls seed germination and postgerminative development. It has been demonstrated that activity of ABI5 is transcriptionally and post-translationally regulated. However, transcriptional regulation of ABI5 is not fully understood. Here, we identified SAB1 (Sensitive to ABA 1) as a novel negative regulator of ABI5 that simultaneously regulates its stability, promoter binding activity and histone methylation-mediated gene silencing of ABI5. SAB1 encodes a Regulator of Chromatin Condensation 1 (RCC1) family protein and is expressed in an opposite pattern to that of ABI5 during early seedling growth in response to abscisic acid (ABA). SAB1 mutation results in enhanced ABA sensitivity and acts upstream of ABI5. SAB1 physically interacts with ABI5 at phosphoamino acid Ser-145, and reduces the phosphorylation of ABI5 and the protein stability. SAB1 reduces ABI5 binding activity to its own promoter, leading to reduced transcriptional level of ABI5. SAB1 inactivates ABI5 transcription by increasing the level of histone H3K27me2 in the ABI5 promoter. Our findings have identified SAB1 as a crucial new component of ABA signaling which modulates early development of plant by precisely controlling ABI5 activity through multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuangfeng Wang
- Center for Agricultural Research Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
| | - Chunhong Cheng
- Center for Agricultural Research Resources, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
| | - Ran Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gareth I Jenkins
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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79
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Wan C, Li J, Zhao F, Yang D, Che C, Ding S, Hu Y, Xiao Y, Qin Z. Synthesis and plant growth regulatory activities of 2',3'-PhABA and iso-2',3'-PhABA esters. Mol Divers 2019; 24:119-130. [PMID: 30852722 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Methyl and phenyl esters of 2',3'-PhABA and iso-2',3'-PhABA were prepared for the biological investigation and development of practical applications. These esters exhibited excellent activity in most plant growth inhibitory assays. And, three esters were more efficient than ABA in stomatal closure. The 2',3'-PhABA analogs and their methyl esters have good stability in hydrolysis assay, and the different lipid solubility and permeability of different esters may be one of the origins of their active selectivity for different plants and physiological processes. Furthermore, in the study of drought tolerance, all four esters had comparable activity to ABA. These results suggest that these esters were potent plant growth regulator (PGR) candidates for anti-drought. The finding that different esters have different selective bioactivity and biophysical properties indicates that these esters not only function as ABA-like PGRs but also have the possibility as potential selective pro-hormone. 2',3'-BenzoABA esters as PGR candidates with prolonged and selective bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wan
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fenghai Zhao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dongyan Yang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chuanliang Che
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yimin Hu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yumei Xiao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Hidangmayum A, Dwivedi P, Katiyar D, Hemantaranjan A. Application of chitosan on plant responses with special reference to abiotic stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:313-326. [PMID: 30956416 PMCID: PMC6419706 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer modified from chitins which act as a potential biostimulant and elicitor in agriculture. It is non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible which favors potentially broad application. It enhances the physiological response and mitigates the adverse effect of abiotic stresses through stress transduction pathway via secondary messenger(s). Chitosan treatment stimulates photosynthetic rate, stomatal closure through ABA synthesis; enhances antioxidant enzymes via nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide signaling pathways, and induces production of organic acids, sugars, amino acids and other metabolites which are required for the osmotic adjustment, stress signaling, and energy metabolism under stresses. It is also known to form complexes with heavy metals and used as tool for phytoremediation and bioremediation of soil. Besides, this is used as antitranspirant compound through foliar application in many plants thus reducing water use and ensures protection from other negative effects. Based on such beneficial properties, chitosan is utilized in sustainable agricultural practices owing to changing climates. Our review gathers the recent information on chitosan centered upon the abiotic stress responses which could be useful in future crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Hidangmayum
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Padmanabh Dwivedi
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Deepmala Katiyar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Akhouri Hemantaranjan
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
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81
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Raza A, Razzaq A, Mehmood SS, Zou X, Zhang X, Lv Y, Xu J. Impact of Climate Change on Crops Adaptation and Strategies to Tackle Its Outcome: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E34. [PMID: 30704089 PMCID: PMC6409995 DOI: 10.3390/plants8020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Agriculture and climate change are internally correlated with each other in various aspects, as climate change is the main cause of biotic and abiotic stresses, which have adverse effects on the agriculture of a region. The land and its agriculture are being affected by climate changes in different ways, e.g., variations in annual rainfall, average temperature, heat waves, modifications in weeds, pests or microbes, global change of atmospheric CO₂ or ozone level, and fluctuations in sea level. The threat of varying global climate has greatly driven the attention of scientists, as these variations are imparting negative impact on global crop production and compromising food security worldwide. According to some predicted reports, agriculture is considered the most endangered activity adversely affected by climate changes. To date, food security and ecosystem resilience are the most concerning subjects worldwide. Climate-smart agriculture is the only way to lower the negative impact of climate variations on crop adaptation, before it might affect global crop production drastically. In this review paper, we summarize the causes of climate change, stresses produced due to climate change, impacts on crops, modern breeding technologies, and biotechnological strategies to cope with climate change, in order to develop climate resilient crops. Revolutions in genetic engineering techniques can also aid in overcoming food security issues against extreme environmental conditions, by producing transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Ali Razzaq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Sundas Saher Mehmood
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Xiling Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Xuekun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Yan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Jinsong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China.
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Zhang Q, Kong X, Yu Q, Ding Y, Li X, Yang Y. Responses of PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA Receptors to Contrasting stresses, Heat and Cold in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1670596. [PMID: 31552801 PMCID: PMC6866694 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1670596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants growing in natural habitats have evolved a wide range of mechanisms to copy with environmental challenging, including biotic and abiotic stresses. Abiotic stresses-induced increases in Abscisic acid (ABA) levels in plants suffering from stresses, including drought, cold or heat stress. To explore the function of the core components in ABA signaling, we used the overexpression of RCARs transgenic plants to expose in heat or cold stress. In this study, overexpression of RCAR12 or RCAR13 (R12-OE or R13-OE) transgenic plants had higher germination and survival rate than the wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis, indicating that they are both positively responsive to the high temperature. And the heat shock genes HSP18.2 and HSP70 were significantly induced by RCAR12 or RCAR13. Further, the results inferred that the over-expression of RCAR12 or RCAR13 could tolerance the cold stress, through induction CBFs expressions, the cold-responsive genes when plants were challenged the cold tress. And when complementation of RCAR12 to the 1124 mutant (R12:1124), the results indicated that RCAR12 could recover the insensitivity of 1124 to heat and cold stresses. Hence, we propose that RCAR12 and RCAR13, the ABA receptors, may play the positive roles in regulating the extreme temperature, including cold and high temperature in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangge Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- CONTACT Yi Yang Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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83
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Singh M, Mas P. A Functional Connection between the Circadian Clock and Hormonal Timing in Arabidopsis. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E567. [PMID: 30477118 PMCID: PMC6315462 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The rotation of the Earth entails changes in environmental conditions that pervasively influence an organism's physiology and metabolism. An internal cellular mechanism known as the circadian clock acts as an internal timekeeper that is able to perceive the changes in environmental cues to generate 24-h rhythms in synchronization with daily and seasonal fluctuations. In plants, the circadian clock function is particularly important and regulates nearly every aspect of plant growth and development as well as proper responses to stresses. The circadian clock does not function in isolation but rather interconnects with an intricate network of different pathways, including those of phytohormones. Here, we describe the interplay of the circadian clock with a subset of hormones in Arabidopsis. The molecular components directly connecting the circadian and hormone pathways are described, highlighting the biological significance of such connections in the control of growth, development, fitness, and survival. We focus on the overlapping as well as contrasting circadian and hormonal functions that together provide a glimpse on how the Arabidopsis circadian system regulates hormone function in response to endogenous and exogenous cues. Examples of feedback regulation from hormone signaling to the clock are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjul Singh
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Paloma Mas
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Woldesemayat AA, Ntwasa M. Pathways and Network Based Analysis of Candidate Genes to Reveal Cross-Talk and Specificity in the Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Responses to Drought and It's Co-occurring Stresses. Front Genet 2018; 9:557. [PMID: 30515190 PMCID: PMC6255970 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought alone or in combination with other stresses forms the major crop production constraint worldwide. Sorghum, one of the most important cereal crops is affected by drought alone or in combination with co-occurring stresses; notwithstanding, sorghum has evolved adaptive responses to combined stresses. Furthermore, an impressive number of sorghum genes have been investigated for drought tolerance. However, the molecular mechanism underling drought response remains poorly understood. We employed a systems biology approach to elucidate regulatory and broad functional features of these genes. Their interaction network would provide insight into understanding the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance and underpinning signal pathways. Functional analysis was undertaken to determine significantly enriched genesets for pathways involved in drought tolerance. Analysis of distinct pathway cross-talk network was performed and drought-specific subnetwork was extracted. Investigation of various data sources such as gene expression, regulatory pathways, sorghumCyc, sorghum protein-protein interaction (PPI) and Gene Ontology (GO) revealed 14 major drought stress related hub genes (DSRhub genes). Significantly enriched genesets have shown association with various biological processes underlying drought-related responses. Key metabolic pathways were significantly enriched in the drought-related genes. Systematic analysis of pathways cross-talk and gene interaction network revealed major cross-talk pathway modules associated with drought tolerance. Further investigation of the major DSRhub genes revealed distinct regulatory genes such as ZEP, NCED, AAO, and MCSU and CYP707A1. These were involved in the regulation of ABA biosynthesis and signal transduction. Other protein families, namely, aldehyde and alcohol dehydrogenases, mitogene activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) were shown to be involved in the drought-related responses. This shows a diversity of complex functional features in sorghum to respond to various abiotic stresses. Finally, we constructed a drought-specific subnetwork, characterized by unique candidate genes that were associated with DSRhub genes. According to our knowledge, this is the first in sorghum drought investigation that introduces pathway and network-based candidate gene approach for analysis of drought tolerance. We provide novel information about pathways cross-talk and signaling networks used in further systems level analysis for understanding the molecular mechanism behind drought tolerance and can, therefore, be adapted to other model and non-model crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adugna Abdi Woldesemayat
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Monde Ntwasa
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
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85
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Finatto T, Viana VE, Woyann LG, Busanello C, da Maia LC, de Oliveira AC. Can WRKY transcription factors help plants to overcome environmental challenges? Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:533-544. [PMID: 30235398 PMCID: PMC6136380 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are responsible for the regulation of genes responsive to many plant growth and developmental cues, as well as to biotic and abiotic stresses. The modulation of gene expression by WRKY proteins primarily occurs by DNA binding at specific cis-regulatory elements, the W-box elements, which are short sequences located in the promoter region of certain genes. In addition, their action can occur through interaction with other TFs and the cellular transcription machinery. The current genome sequences available reveal a relatively large number of WRKY genes, reaching hundreds of copies. Recently, functional genomics studies in model plants have enabled the identification of function and mechanism of action of several WRKY TFs in plants. This review addresses the more recent studies in plants regarding the function of WRKY TFs in both model and crop plants for coping with environmental challenges, including a wide variety of abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taciane Finatto
- Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Vívian Ebeling Viana
- Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnologico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Leomar Guilherme Woyann
- Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Busanello
- Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Carlos da Maia
- Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Costa de Oliveira
- Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnologico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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86
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Ebeed HT, Stevenson SR, Cuming AC, Baker A. Conserved and differential transcriptional responses of peroxisome associated pathways to drought, dehydration and ABA. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4971-4985. [PMID: 30032264 PMCID: PMC6137984 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes are important components of cellular antioxidant networks, dealing with ROS generated by multiple metabolic pathways. Peroxisomes respond to environmental and cellular conditions by changing their size, number, and proteomic content. To investigate the role of peroxisomes in response to drought, dehydration and ABA treatment we took an evolutionary and comparative genomics approach. Colonisation of land required evolution of dehydration tolerance in the absence of subsequent anatomical adaptations. Therefore, the model bryophyte Physcomitrella patens, the model dicot Arabidopsis thaliana and wheat (Tricitcum aestivum), a globally important cereal crop were compared. Three sets of genes namely 'PTS1 genes' (a proxy for genes encoding peroxisome targeted proteins), PEX genes (involved in peroxisome biogenesis) and genes involved in plant antioxidant networks were identified in all 3 species and their expression compared under drought (dehydration) and ABA treatment. Genes encoding enzymes of β-oxidation and gluconeogenesis, antioxidant enzymes including catalase and glutathione reductase and PEX3 and PEX11 isoforms showed conserved up-regulation, and peroxisome proliferation was induced by ABA in moss. Interestingly, expression of some of these genes differed between drought sensitive and resistant genotypes of wheat in line with measured photosynthetic and biochemical differences. These results point to an underappreciated role for peroxisomes in drought response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba T Ebeed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sean R Stevenson
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C Cuming
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Baker
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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87
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Wang B, Li C, Kong X, Li Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Li X, Yang Y. AtARRE, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, negatively regulates ABA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1269-1278. [PMID: 29947951 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The RING-type E3 ligase AtARRE participates in the plant ABA responding as a negative regulator. Ubiquitination protease system (UPS) is significant in post-transcriptional regulation. In UPS, E3 ligase recognizes the substrate protein and mediates the polyubiquitin chain onto the substrate. Here, we identified a new gene, named Arabidopsis thaliana ABA-related RING-type E3 ligase (AtARRE), which induced by ABA and NaCl. AtARRE encodes a functional RING-type E3 ligase protein localized in nucleus and plasma membrane of Arabidopsis. Physiological analysis demonstrated that mutation of AtARRE (T-DNA insert mutants atarre-1 and atarre-2) caused plants hypersensitivity to ABA, including enhanced stomatal closure, reduced root elongation and seed germination. However, overexpression of AtARRE transgenic lines caused plants hyposensitive to ABA compared with WT and mutant atarre plants. Under the treatment of ABA, the transcript abundances of ABA-responsive genes RD29A, RD29B, RD22 and ABI5 in atarre mutant plants were markedly higher than those of WT and AtARRE overexpression lines. Hence, these results indicate that AtARRE acts as a negative regulator of ABA-mediated stress responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chuzhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiangge Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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88
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Simpson K, Fuentes P, Quiroz-Iturra LF, Flores-Ortiz C, Contreras R, Handford M, Stange C. Unraveling the induction of phytoene synthase 2 expression by salt stress and abscisic acid in Daucus carota. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4113-4126. [PMID: 29860511 PMCID: PMC6054239 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytoene synthase (PSY) is the first committed enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and the most important point of regulation. Carotenoids are precursors of abscisic acid (ABA), which mediates abiotic stress tolerance responses in plants. ABA activates the synthesis of its own precursors through induction of PSY expression. Carrot, a species that accumulates very high amounts of carotenoids in its reserve root, has two PSY paralog genes that are expressed differentially in the root. Here, we determined that DcPSY2 expression is induced by salt stress and ABA. A DcPSY2 promoter fragment was obtained and characterized. Bioinformatic analysis showed the presence of three ABA responsive elements (ABREs). Through overexpressing pPSY2:GFP in Nicotiana tabacum we determined that all three ABREs are necessary for the ABA response. In the carrot transcriptome, we identified three ABRE binding protein (DcAREB) transcription factor candidates that localized in the nucleus, but only one, DcAREB3, was induced under ABA treatment in carrot roots. We found that AREB transcription factors bind to the carrot DcPSY2 promoter and transactivate the expression of reporter genes. We conclude that DcPSY2 is involved in ABA-mediated salt stress tolerance in carrot through the binding of AREB transcription factors to its promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Simpson
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Felipe Quiroz-Iturra
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Flores-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Contreras
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael Handford
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Stange
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Correspondence:
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89
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Razavizadeh R, Shojaie B, Komatsu S. Characterization of PP2A- A3 mRNA expression and growth patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana under drought stress and abscisic acid. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 24:563-575. [PMID: 30042613 PMCID: PMC6041231 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a crucial role in cellular processes via reversible dephosphorylation of proteins. The activity of this enzyme depends on its subunits. There is little information about mRNA expression of each subunit and the relationship between these gene expressions and the growth patterns under stress conditions and hormones. Here, mRNA expression of subunit A3 of PP2A and its relationship with growth patterns under different levels of drought stress and abscisic acid (ABA) concentration were analyzed in Arabidopsis thaliana. The mRNA expression profiles showed different levels of the up- and down-regulation of PP2AA3 in roots and shoots of A. thaliana under drought conditions and ABA treatments. The results demonstrated that the regulation of PP2AA3 expression under the mentioned conditions could indirectly modulate growth patterns such that seedlings grown under severe drought stress and those grown under 4 µM ABA had the maximum number of lateral roots and the shortest primary roots. In contrast, the minimum number of lateral roots and the longest primary roots were observed under mild drought stress and 0.5 µM ABA. Differences in PP2AA3 mRNA expression showed that mechanisms involved in the regulation of this gene under drought conditions would probably be different from those that regulate the PP2AA3 expression under ABA. Co-expression of PP2AA3 with each of PIN1-4,7 (PP2A activity targets) depends on the organ type and different levels of drought stress and ABA concentration. Furthermore, fluctuations in the PP2AA3 expression proved that this gene cannot be suitable as a reference gene although PP2AA3 is widely used as a reference gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Razavizadeh
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Shojaie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572 Japan
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90
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Abhinandan K, Skori L, Stanic M, Hickerson NMN, Jamshed M, Samuel MA. Abiotic Stress Signaling in Wheat - An Inclusive Overview of Hormonal Interactions During Abiotic Stress Responses in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:734. [PMID: 29942321 PMCID: PMC6004395 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rapid global warming directly impacts agricultural productivity and poses a major challenge to the present-day agriculture. Recent climate change models predict severe losses in crop production worldwide due to the changing environment, and in wheat, this can be as large as 42 Mt/°C rise in temperature. Although wheat occupies the largest total harvested area (38.8%) among the cereals including rice and maize, its total productivity remains the lowest. The major production losses in wheat are caused more by abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and high temperature than by biotic insults. Thus, understanding the effects of these stresses becomes indispensable for wheat improvement programs which have depended mainly on the genetic variations present in the wheat genome through conventional breeding. Notably, recent biotechnological breakthroughs in the understanding of gene functions and access to whole genome sequences have opened new avenues for crop improvement. Despite the availability of such resources in wheat, progress is still limited to the understanding of the stress signaling mechanisms using model plants such as Arabidopsis, rice and Brachypodium and not directly using wheat as the model organism. This review presents an inclusive overview of the phenotypic and physiological changes in wheat due to various abiotic stresses followed by the current state of knowledge on the identified mechanisms of perception and signal transduction in wheat. Specifically, this review provides an in-depth analysis of different hormonal interactions and signaling observed during abiotic stress signaling in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcus A. Samuel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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91
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Zhou YP, Wu JH, Xiao WH, Chen W, Chen QH, Fan T, Xie CP, Tian CE. Arabidopsis IQM4, a Novel Calmodulin-Binding Protein, Is Involved With Seed Dormancy and Germination in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:721. [PMID: 29951071 PMCID: PMC6008652 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Seed dormancy and germination are regulated by complex mechanisms controlled by diverse hormones and environmental cues. Abscisic acid (ABA) promotes seed dormancy and inhibits seed germination and post-germination growth. Calmodulin (CaM) signals are involved with the inhibition of ABA during seed germination and seedling growth. In this study, we showed that Arabidopsis thaliana IQM4 could bind with calmodulin 5 (CaM5) both in vitro and in vivo, and that the interaction was the Ca2+-independent type. The IQM4 protein was localized in the chloroplast and the IQM4 gene was expressed in most tissues, especially the embryo and germinated seedlings. The T-DNA insertion mutants of IQM4 exhibited the reduced primary seed dormancy and lower ABA levels compared with wild type seeds. Moreover, IQM4 plays key roles in modulating the responses to ABA, salt, and osmotic stress during seed germination and post-germination growth. T-DNA insertion mutants exhibited ABA-insensitive and salt-hypersensitive phenotypes during seed germination and post-germination growth, whereas IQM4-overexpressing lines had ABA- and osmotic-hypersensitive, and salt-insensitive phenotypes. Gene expression analyses showed that mutation of IQM4 inhibited the expression of ABA biosynthetic genes NCED6 and NCED9, and seed maturation regulators LEC1, LEC2, ABI3, and ABI5 during the silique development, as well as promoted the expression of WRKY40 and inhibited that of ABI5 in ABA-regulated seed germination. These observations suggest that IQM4 is a novel Ca2+-independent CaM-binding protein, which is positively involved with seed dormancy and germination in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ping Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Hui Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Hui Xiao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Hua Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Fan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chu Ping Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-En Tian
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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92
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Han L, Li J, Jin M, Su Y. Functional analysis of a type 2C protein phosphatase gene from Ammopiptanthus mongolicus. Gene 2018; 653:29-42. [PMID: 29427736 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis and certain other plant species, the type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) of the clade A class have been demonstrated to act as negative regulators in ABA-induced stress responses, such as stomatal closure. The present study reports the identification of a PP2C ortholog from the ancient desert shrub Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Cheng f. (AmPP2C), which is functionally conserved over its counterparts reported from other plant species. AmPP2C was primarily expressed in leaves, with strong transcriptional accumulation being observed in the guard cells. The expression of AmPP2C was induced in response to PEG or ABA treatments, implying the potential involvement in ABA-induced stress responses. The GFP-tagging observation revealed that AmPP2C was predominantly localized to the nuclei and partly to the cytoplasm. Furthermore, BiFC assays demonstrated an interaction between AmPP2C and the typical protein kinase SnRK2.6 (AmOST1). Overexpression of AmPP2C in Arabidopsis significantly overcame the inhibition of seed germination by ABA. The transgenic Arabidopsis lines exhibited larger stomatal apertures and significantly reduced sensitivity to ABA-induced stomatal closure, which subsequently led to greater water loss and decreased biomass under PEG-simulated drought stress treatments. Under limited nitrogen or potassium supplements, plants overexpressing AmPP2C obtained a superior capability of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) acquisition in the green parts. Therefore, the impairment of ABA-induced stomatal closure rendered by the function of PP2C helped to identify a potential survival strategy in plants suffering persistent drought stress via the maintenance of the necessary mineral nutrient acquisition driven by transpirational solute flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Junlin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Man Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yanhua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71, East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
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93
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Manuka R, Saddhe AA, Kumar K. Expression of OsWNK9 in Arabidopsis conferred tolerance to salt and drought stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 270:58-71. [PMID: 29576087 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
With No Lysine (WNK) kinase belongs to ser/thr protein kinase group in which conserved catalytic lysine (K) residue of subdomain II is shifted to subdomain I. In this study, we cloned full-length coding region of WNK9 from Oryza sativa (OsWNK9) and performed in silico studies to confirm the presence of all kinase signature regulatory elements. The transcript analysis revealed that OsWNK9 was strongly down regulated under salinity, drought and ABA stress in shoots. Constitutive expression of OsWNK9 in Arabidopsis thaliana imparted increased tolerance to salt, drought, and ABA stress. Transgenic lines showed healthy phenotypes such as green leaves, achieved higher fresh weight and longer roots under salt, drought and ABA stress as compared to wild-type (WT). Transgenic plants showed better seed germination, higher chlorophyll retention and less water loss under salt and drought stress compared to WT. Promoter/gene expression studies revealed that OsWNK9 were expressed throughout plant tissues with higher expression in roots. Subcellular localization studies of OsWNK9 showed their presence in the nucleus. The transcript analysis of abiotic stress marker genes and ABA dependent genes showed they were highly expressed in transgenic lines compared to WT in response to salt and drought stress. The endogenous ABA level under salt and drought stress in transgenic lines was higher than WT. The results indicated that OsWNK9 may regulate salt and drought response in ABA dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Manuka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Ankush Ashok Saddhe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India.
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94
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Shi XP, Ren JJ, Yu Q, Zhou SM, Ren QP, Kong LJ, Wang XL. Overexpression of SDH confers tolerance to salt and osmotic stress, but decreases ABA sensitivity in Arabidopsis. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:327-337. [PMID: 29125673 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) catalyses the reversible oxidation of sorbitol, xylitol and ribitol to their corresponding ketoses. In this study, we investigated the expression and role of Arabidopsis SDH in salt and osmotic stress tolerance, and abscisic acid (ABA) response. The expression patterns of SDH were investigated using transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing beta-glucuronidase (GUS) under control of the promoter with the first intron of SDH. qRT-PCR and histochemical assay of GUS activity were used to study SDH expression regulation by ABA, salt and osmotic stress. SDH-overexpression lines of Arabidopsis were used to investigate the role of SDH in salt and osmotic stress, and ABA response. Arabidopsis SDH was predominantly expressed in source organs such as green cotyledons, fully expanded leaves and sepals, especially in vascular tissues of theses organs. SDH expression was inhibited by NaCl and mannitol treatments. Seed germination and post-germination growth of SDH-overexpressing lines exhibited decreased sensitivity to salt and osmotic stress compared to WT plants. The transcript of SDH was induced by ABA. Overexpression of SDH decreased sensitivity to ABA during seed germination and post-germination growth. Expression of AAO3 increased but ABI5 and MYB2 decreased in SDH-overexpressing lines after ABA treatment. This study demonstrates that expression of SDH is regulated by ABA, salt and osmotic stress. SDH functions in plant tolerance to salt and osmotic stress, and ABA response via specific regulating gene expression of ABA synthesis and signalling in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-P Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - J-J Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Q Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - S-M Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Q-P Ren
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - L-J Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - X-L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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95
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Olds CL, Glennon EKK, Luckhart S. Abscisic acid: new perspectives on an ancient universal stress signaling molecule. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:484-492. [PMID: 29408537 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Few biological molecules have as far reaching and dynamic effects as abscisic acid (ABA). In this review, we draw together the often segregated fields of plant, animal, and human biology to highlight ABA biosynthesis, signaling and physiological effects with examples of host-pathogen interactions to emphasize the cross-kingdom biology of this ancient signaling molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L Olds
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2329, Moscow, ID, 83844-2329, USA; Center for Health in the Human Ecosystem, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 1122, Moscow, ID, 83844-1122, USA.
| | - Elizabeth K K Glennon
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, 307 Westlake Ave N, Suite 500, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Shirley Luckhart
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2329, Moscow, ID, 83844-2329, USA; Center for Health in the Human Ecosystem, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 1122, Moscow, ID, 83844-1122, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 3051, Moscow, ID, 83844-3051, USA
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96
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Wang Y, Zhang T, Song X, Zhang J, Dang Z, Pei X, Long Y. Identification and functional analysis of two alternatively spliced transcripts of ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3) in linseed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191910. [PMID: 29381737 PMCID: PMC5790255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a popular phenomenon in different types of plants. It can produce alternative spliced transcripts that encode proteins with altered functions. Previous studies have shown that one transcription factor, ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), which encodes an important component in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, is subjected to alternative splicing in both mono- and dicotyledons. In the current study, we identified two homologs of ABI3 in the genome of linseed flax. We screened two alternatively spliced flax LuABI3 transcripts, LuABI3-2 and LuABI3-3, and one normal flax LuABI3 transcript, LuABI3-1. Sequence analysis revealed that one of the alternatively spliced transcripts, LuABI3-3, retained a 6 bp intron. RNA accumulation analysis showed that all three transcripts were expressed during seed development, while subcellular localization and transgene experiments showed that LuABI3-3 had no biological function. The two normal transcripts, LuABI3-1 and LuABI3-2, are the important functional isoforms in flax and play significant roles in the ABA regulatory pathway during seed development, germination, and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianbao Zhang
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaxia Song
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Crop Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhanhai Dang
- Crop Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinwu Pei
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Long
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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97
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Jagodzik P, Tajdel-Zielinska M, Ciesla A, Marczak M, Ludwikow A. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades in Plant Hormone Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1387. [PMID: 30349547 PMCID: PMC6187979 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) modules play key roles in the transduction of environmental and developmental signals through phosphorylation of downstream signaling targets, including other kinases, enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins or transcription factors, in all eukaryotic cells. A typical MAPK cascade consists of at least three sequentially acting serine/threonine kinases, a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) and finally, the MAP kinase (MAPK) itself, with each phosphorylating, and hence activating, the next kinase in the cascade. Recent advances in our understanding of hormone signaling pathways have led to the discovery of new regulatory systems. In particular, this research has revealed the emerging role of crosstalk between the protein components of various signaling pathways and the involvement of this crosstalk in multiple cellular processes. Here we provide an overview of current models and mechanisms of hormone signaling with a special emphasis on the role of MAPKs in cell signaling networks. One-sentence summary: In this review we highlight the mechanisms of crosstalk between MAPK cascades and plant hormone signaling pathways and summarize recent findings on MAPK regulation and function in various cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Jagodzik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tajdel-Zielinska
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Ciesla
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Marczak
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ludwikow
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Agnieszka Ludwikow,
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98
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Takahashi F, Kuromori T, Sato H, Shinozaki K. Regulatory Gene Networks in Drought Stress Responses and Resistance in Plants. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1081:189-214. [PMID: 30288711 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1244-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Plant responses to drought stress have been analyzed extensively to reveal complex regulatory gene networks, including the detection of water deficit signals, as well as the physiological, cellular, and molecular responses. Plants recognize water deficit conditions at their roots and transmit this signal to their shoots to synthesize abscisic acid (ABA) in their leaves. ABA is a key phytohormone that regulates physiological and molecular responses to drought stress, such as stomatal closure, gene expression, and the accumulation of osmoprotectants and stress proteins. ABA transporters function as the first step for propagating synthesized ABA. To prevent water loss, ABA influx in guard cells is detected by several protein kinases, such as SnRK2s and MAPKs that regulate stomatal closure. ABA mediates a wide variety of gene expression machineries with stress-responsive transcription factors, including DREBs and AREBs, to acquire drought stress resistance in whole tissues. In this chapter, we summarize recent advances in drought stress signaling, focusing on gene networks in cellular and intercellular stress responses and drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Takahashi
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kuromori
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sato
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
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99
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Liao Y, Bai Q, Xu P, Wu T, Guo D, Peng Y, Zhang H, Deng X, Chen X, Luo M, Ali A, Wang W, Wu X. Mutation in Rice Abscisic Acid2 Results in Cell Death, Enhanced Disease-Resistance, Altered Seed Dormancy and Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:405. [PMID: 29643863 PMCID: PMC5882781 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Lesion mimic mutants display spontaneous cell death, and thus are valuable for understanding the molecular mechanism of cell death and disease resistance. Although a lot of such mutants have been characterized in rice, the relationship between lesion formation and abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis pathway is not reported. In the present study, we identified a rice mutant, lesion mimic mutant 9150 (lmm9150), exhibiting spontaneous cell death, pre-harvest sprouting, enhanced growth, and resistance to rice bacterial and blast diseases. Cell death in the mutant was accompanied with excessive accumulation of H2O2. Enhanced disease resistance was associated with cell death and upregulation of defense-related genes. Map-based cloning identified a G-to-A point mutation resulting in a D-to-N substitution at the amino acid position 110 of OsABA2 (LOC_Os03g59610) in lmm9150. Knock-out of OsABA2 through CRISPR/Cas9 led to phenotypes similar to those of lmm9150. Consistent with the function of OsABA2 in ABA biosynthesis, ABA level in the lmm9150 mutant was significantly reduced. Moreover, exogenous application of ABA could rescue all the mutant phenotypes of lmm9150. Taken together, our data linked ABA deficiency to cell death and provided insight into the role of ABA in rice disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Liao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Que Bai
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Peizhou Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingkai Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Daiming Guo
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongbin Peng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoshu Deng
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Asif Ali
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenming Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Wenming Wang, Xianjun Wu,
| | - Xianjun Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Wenming Wang, Xianjun Wu,
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100
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Li Q, Wang YJ, Liu CK, Pei ZM, Shi WL. The crosstalk between ABA, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and calcium in stomatal closing of Arabidopsis thaliana. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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