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Slee MG, Rainey‐Smith SR, Villemagne VL, Doecke JD, Sohrabi HR, Taddei K, Ames D, Dore V, Maruff P, Laws SM, Masters CL, Rowe CC, Martins RN, Erickson KI, Brown BM. Physical activity and brain amyloid beta: A longitudinal analysis of cognitively unimpaired older adults. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1350-1359. [PMID: 37984813 PMCID: PMC10917015 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study evaluated the relationship between habitual physical activity (PA) levels and brain amyloid beta (Aβ) over 15 years in a cohort of cognitively unimpaired older adults. METHODS PA and Aβ measures were collected over multiple timepoints from 731 cognitively unimpaired older adults participating in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study of Aging. Regression modeling examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between PA and brain Aβ. Moderation analyses examined apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriage impact on the PA-Aβ relationship. RESULTS PA was not associated with brain Aβ at baseline (β = -0.001, p = 0.72) or over time (β = -0.26, p = 0.24). APOE ε4 status did not moderate the PA-Aβ relationship over time (β = 0.12, p = 0.73). Brain Aβ levels did not predict PA trajectory (β = -54.26, p = 0.59). DISCUSSION Our study did not identify a relationship between habitual PA and brain Aβ levels. HIGHLIGHTS Physical activity levels did not predict brain amyloid beta (Aβ) levels over time in cognitively unimpaired older adults (≥60 years of age). Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status did not moderate the physical activity-brain Aβ relationship over time. Physical activity trajectories were not impacted by brain Aβ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Slee
- Centre for Healthy AgeingHealthy Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Stephanie R. Rainey‐Smith
- Centre for Healthy AgeingHealthy Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research FoundationNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Victor L. Villemagne
- Department of Molecular Imaging & TherapyAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Centre for Precision HealthEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - James D. Doecke
- The Australian e‐Health Research CentreCSIROHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Hamid R. Sohrabi
- Centre for Healthy AgeingHealthy Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research FoundationNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kevin Taddei
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research FoundationNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - David Ames
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- National Ageing Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old AgeUniversity of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Vincent Dore
- Department of Molecular Imaging & TherapyAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Paul Maruff
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Cogstate LtdMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Simon M. Laws
- Centre for Precision HealthEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation GroupSchool of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Curtin Medical SchoolCurtin UniversityBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Christopher C. Rowe
- Department of Molecular Imaging & TherapyAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research FoundationNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kirk I. Erickson
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Belinda M. Brown
- Centre for Healthy AgeingHealthy Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research FoundationNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Zsuffa JA, Katz S, Koszovacz V, Berente DB, Kamondi A, Csukly G, Mangialasche F, Rocha ASL, Kivipelto M, Horvath AA. Lifestyle and behavioural changes in older adults during the Covid-19 pandemic are associated with subjective cognitive complaints. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2502. [PMID: 38291110 PMCID: PMC10827799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) is a self-reported experience of persistently impaired cognitive functions which could be the earliest red flag of neurocognitive disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic and related restriction measures changed the lifestyle and behaviour of older adults. The aim of this study was to assess the relation of these changes and SCC status in Hungary. This cross-sectional study analysed the data of 359 elderly Hungarians who filled out the WW-FINGERS-SARS-CoV2 survey. A quarter of the respondents (n:88) reported SCC in connection with the pandemic. We compared sociodemographic features, health status, lifestyle, and social life parameters between subjects with reported SCC and without. To eliminate the potential interrelation across group differences, stepwise logistic regression was applied. Participants with SCC showed the following characteristics, compared to individuals without: (1) they were older; (2) they were more likely to be women; (3) they had a higher number of chronic disorders; (4) showed more prominent impairment in physical mobility; (5) had worse sleep quality; (6) spent less time with family; and (7) used internet more frequently during the pandemic (all p's < 0.001). Logistic regression highlighted that only two parameters were related to SCC status independently, the physical mobility (ability to walk 500 m without difficulties; OR = 1.186; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.101, 1.270) and changes in time spent with grandchildren (OR = 1.04; p = 0.015; 95%CI = 1.008, 1.073). Our study draws attention to the importance of physical mobility and quality time with family as key factors in the cognitive well-being of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Andras Zsuffa
- Department of Family Medicine, Semmelweis University, 9 Stahly utca, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
- Neurocognitive Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Sandor Katz
- Neurocognitive Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vanda Koszovacz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dalida Borbala Berente
- Neurocognitive Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest, Hungary
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Kamondi
- Neurocognitive Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Csukly
- Neurocognitive Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Unit Aging, Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Sabsil Lopez Rocha
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Unit Aging, Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Andras Attila Horvath
- Neurocognitive Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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53
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Latino F, Tafuri F. Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:216. [PMID: 38399504 PMCID: PMC10890300 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Neuroscience applied to motor activity is a growing area that aims to understand the effects of motor activity on the structures and functions of the Central Nervous System. Attention has been paid to this multidisciplinary field of investigation by the scientific community both because it is of great importance in the treatment of many chronic diseases and because of its potential applications in the Movement Sciences. Motor activity during a developmental age is, in fact, an indispensable tool for the physical and mental growth of children, both able-bodied and disabled. Through movement, individuals can improve their physical efficiency and promote their own better health, establish relationships with the environment and others, express themselves and their emotions, form their identity and develop cognitive processes. This literature review aims, therefore, to highlight how an adequate practice of motor activity offers extraordinary possibilities for everyone in relation to learning, from the perspective of an integral development of the person, and, consequently, can raise the awareness of those involved in the training and growth, especially the youngest, towards the educational value of motor and sports activities. According to this review, and in line with the modern neuroscientific approach toward the relationships between motor activities and cognitive functions, it is possible to claim that hypokinesia tends to inhibit learning. Therefore, it now seems more topical than ever to draw attention to the need to introduce working proposals that integrate brain-based motor activity programs into the school curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Latino
- Department of Human Science, Educational and Sport, Pegaso University, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Tafuri
- Heracle Lab Research in Educational Neuroscience, Niccolò Cusano University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
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Kim BJ, Ha K, Kim HS, Bae HR, Son M. Associations of depressive symptoms with lower extremity function and balance in Korean older adults. Epidemiol Health 2024; 46:e2024021. [PMID: 38271960 PMCID: PMC11099568 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2024021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relationship of depressive symptoms to lower extremity function and balance, especially in older adults without a depression diagnosis, remains unclear. Therefore, our study analyzed this relationship using a large sample of Korean older adults. METHODS We used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service's Health Screening Program database. Individuals aged 66 years who had undergone the National Screening Program for Transitional Ages in Korea and were without a diagnosis of depressive disorder were included. The lower extremity function and balance were evaluated using 2 physical tests, while depressive symptoms were assessed using a 3-question survey. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between depressive symptoms and lower extremity function and balance. RESULTS Among 66,041 individuals, those with depressive symptoms showed significantly higher rates of abnormal lower extremity function and abnormal balance. The adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of depressive symptoms to abnormal lower extremity function and abnormal balance were (aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.44) and (aOR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.48), respectively. Assessment of the relationship based on depressive symptom scores revealed that higher scores were associated with higher aORs (p for trend <0.001). Subgroup analyses further confirmed this relationship, especially among patients with cerebrovascular disease or dementia. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed an association between depressive symptoms and the abnormal lower extremity function and balance of 66-year-old individuals without a diagnosis of depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Jo Kim
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyupin Ha
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye Ran Bae
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Minkook Son
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Department of Data Sciences Convergence, Dong-A University Interdisciplinary Program, Busan, Korea
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Liu J, Pan M, Sun M, Shi H, Feng R. Nutritional Status and Physical Exercise Are Associated with Cognitive Function in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Role of Happiness. Nutrients 2024; 16:203. [PMID: 38257095 PMCID: PMC10819784 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We aim to assess the relationship between nutrition status, physical exercise, and cognitive function and particularly examine how happiness modifies and mediates the relationship, among 699 seniors aged 60 and above in Shanghai, China. Linear regression models were used to validate the effects of nutrition and exercise on cognitive function and to test their interaction effects with happiness. When the interactions were significant, stratified analyses in sub-groups were conducted. Mediation effects of happiness were examined using two-step causal mediation models. We confirmed that better nutrition (p < 0.001) and exercise (p = 0.009) were significantly associated with less cognitive decline. Furthermore, the effects of nutrition and exercise on cognitive decline were significant in the unhappy (happiness < 20) (p < 0.001) and younger (age < 74) sub-groups (p = 0.015). Happiness partially mediated 11.5% of the negative association of cognitive decline with nutrition (p = 0.015) and 23.0% of that with exercise (p = 0.017). This study suggests that happiness moderates and partially mediates the effects of exercise and nutrition on cognitive status. The beneficial effects of exercise and nutrition were stronger in less happy or younger seniors. Future intervention studies are required to confirm this path relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (M.P.); (H.S.)
| | - Michael Pan
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (M.P.); (H.S.)
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - McKenna Sun
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (M.P.); (H.S.)
- College of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Haoer Shi
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (M.P.); (H.S.)
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
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56
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Pucci V, Guerra C, Barsi A, Nucci M, Mondini S. How long have you exercised in your life? The effect of motor reserve and current physical activity on cognitive performance. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:11-17. [PMID: 37066835 DOI: 10.1017/s135561772300022x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aging of the population encourages research on how to preserve cognition and quality of life. Many studies have shown that Physical Activity (PA) positively affects cognition in older adults. However, PA carried out throughout the individual's lifespan may also have an impact on cognition in old age. We hypothesize the existence of Motor Reserve (MR), a flexible and dynamic construct that increases over time and compensates for age-related motor and cognitive loss. METHODS Two questionnaires were developed and validated to estimate MR (Physical Activity carried out throughout the individual's lifespan) and Current Physical Activity (CPA, PA carried out in the previous 12 months). They were administered to 75 healthy individuals over 50 to verify the relation with cognition. MR and CPA include physical exercise (i.e., structured activities to improve or maintain physical fitness) and incidental PA, which we consider as any movement that leads to a metabolic cost above baseline (e.g., housekeeping, walking). In addition, the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRI), a reliable predictor of cognitive performance, was used to measure each participant's Cognitive Reserve. RESULTS The factors that most influenced performance are Age and Cognitive Reserve, but also MR and CPA together and MR when it is the only factor. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive variability in adult and elderly populations is explained by both MR and CPA. PA training could profitably be included in new preventive and existing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Pucci
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, FISPPA, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Human Inspired Technology Research-Centre, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carolina Guerra
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, FISPPA, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Amanda Barsi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, FISPPA, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Nucci
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Mondini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, FISPPA, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Human Inspired Technology Research-Centre, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Dingle SE, Milte CM, Daly RM, Torres SJ. Attitudes and Considerations for Multidomain Lifestyle Approaches to Dementia Prevention: A Qualitative Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:939-949. [PMID: 38160351 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia, with the most common form being Alzheimer's disease, is a global health issue and lifestyle-based strategies may reduce risk. Individuals with a family history of dementia are an important target group, but little is known about their attitudes and perceptions of dementia risk reduction. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the attitudes to and key considerations for multidomain lifestyle-based dementia prevention strategies in middle-aged Australians with a family history of dementia. METHODS Twenty participants (80% female; age range 47-65 years), undertook semi-structured phone-based interviews. Inductive thematic analysis of interview transcripts was conducted. Hierarchical coding frames and illustrative quotes were compiled and critically challenged until a final set of themes was produced. RESULTS Some participants expressed a positive attitude toward lifestyle-based dementia prevention. Reasons related to wanting to future proof, believing that risk reduction is relevant at all life stages and/or that there is always room for improvement. Other participants had a negative attitude, expressing that they were already following a healthy lifestyle, did not feel it was relevant to them yet, and/or held a deterministic view that dementia is random. Important considerations congregated on the themes of being tailored/personalized, taking a holistic approach, and involving small, achievable steps. CONCLUSIONS In individuals with a family history of dementia, a positive attitude to dementia prevention holds promise for intervention efforts, but in individuals expressing negative attitudes, further education and individual-level counselling may be warranted. Multidomain lifestyle-based preventive strategies also need to be tailored to the needs of key target groups to optimize appeal and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Dingle
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine M Milte
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan J Torres
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Wang J, Zhang G, Lai H, Li Z, Shen M, Li C, Kwan P, O'Brien TJ, Wu T, Yang S, Zhang X, Zhang L. Characterizing Gut Microbiota in Older Chinese Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 101:761-771. [PMID: 39213074 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment is a clinical manifestation that occurs in the course of dementia like Alzheimer's disease. The association between cognitive impairment and gut microbiota is unclear. Objective We aimed to identify gut microbiota characteristics and key gut microbiota biomarkers associated with cognitive impairment in a relatively large cohort of older adults in China. Methods A total of 229 adults aged ≥60 years from Shenzhen, China were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Participants were divided into cognitive impairment (CI) and no cognitive impairment (NCI) groups according to the results of the Mini-Mental State Examination. Diversity analysis and network analysis were used to characterize the gut microbiota between the two groups. The linear discriminant analysis effect size method and machine learning approaches were sequentially performed to identify gut microbiota biomarkers. The relationship between biomarkers and lifestyle factors was explored using Transformation-based redundancy analysis (tb-RDA). Results A total of 74 CI participants and 131 NCI participants were included in the analysis. The CI group demonstrated lower α-diversity compared to the NCI group (Shannon: 2.798 versus 3.152, p < 0.001). The density of the gut microbiota interaction network was lower in the CI group (0.074) compared to the NCI group (0.081). Megamonas, Blautia, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, and Veillonella were key biomarkers for CI. The tb-RDA revealed that increased fruit intake and exercise contribute to a higher abundance of Megamonas, Blautia, and Veillonella. Conclusions We identified a significantly reduced abundance of certain beneficial gut microbiota in older Chinese adults with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Gong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Lai
- China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zengbin Li
- China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Mingwang Shen
- China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, China
| | - Patrick Kwan
- The Department of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University & Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- The Department of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University & Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
- The Department of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University & Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Artificial Intelligence and Modelling in Epidemiology Program, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Gonzales MM, Kojis D, Spartano NL, Thibault EG, DeCarli CS, El Fakhri G, Johnson KA, Beiser AS, Seshadri S. Associations of Physical Activity Engagement with Cerebral Amyloid-β and Tau from Midlife. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 100:935-943. [PMID: 39031362 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Higher midlife physical activity engagement has been associated with lower dementia risk in late life. However, the underlying mechanisms contributing to the protective effect remain unclear. Objective The goal of the current study was to evaluate the associations of physical activity with cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau in a predominately middle-aged community-based cohort, as well as to explore whether the associations differ by sex or age. Methods Participants from the Framingham Heart Study underwent 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B amyloid and 18F-Flortaucipir tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Total physical activity levels were evaluated by self-report using the Physical Activity Index (PAI). Cross-sectional associations between total PAI with regional Aβ and tau PET retention were evaluated using linear regression models adjusted for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Interactions with sex and age group were examined and stratified analyses were performed when significant. FDR-correction for multiple comparisons was applied. Results The sample included 354 participants (mean age 53±8 years, 51% female). Higher total PAI scores were associated with lower entorhinal cortex tau PET binding (β (SE) = -0.021(0.008), p = 0.049). There were significant interactions with sex. In men alone, total PAI inversely associated with entorhinal cortex (β (SE) = -0.035(0.009), p = 0.001), inferior temporal (β (SE) = -0.029(0.010), p = 0.012), and rhinal cortex tau(β (SE) = -0.033(0.010), p = 0.002). Conclusions The results suggest that higher midlife physical activity engagement may confer resistance to tau pathology. However, the effects may vary based on sex, highlighting the importance of better understanding and tailoring lifestyle interventions to address sex disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi M Gonzales
- Department of Neurology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Kojis
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole L Spartano
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma G Thibault
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexa S Beiser
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Herold F, Theobald P, Gronwald T, Kaushal N, Zou L, de Bruin ED, Bherer L, Müller NG. Alexa, let's train now! - A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:30-46. [PMID: 36736727 PMCID: PMC10818117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive aging. Consequently, the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health actions. In this context, digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention programs. Thus, this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive performance. METHODS In this pre-registered systematic review (PROSPERO; ID: CRD42022320031), 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) were searched by 2 independent researchers (FH and PT) to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in adults. The systematic literature search yielded 8258 records (extra 17 records from other sources), of which 27 controlled trials were considered relevant. Two reviewers (FH and PT) independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise (TESTEX scale). RESULTS Of the 27 reviewed studies, 15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes (i.e., performance improvements in measures of executive functions, working memory, and choice stepping reaction test), and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related, population-related, and intervention-related characteristics was noticed. A more detailed analysis suggests that, in particular, interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices (i.e., step-based exergames) can improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Approximately one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect to completion adherence (≤85%) and monitoring of the level of regular physical activity in the control group. CONCLUSION The current state of evidence concerning the effectiveness of digital and home-based physical training interventions is mixed overall, though there is limited evidence that specific types of digital and home-based physical training interventions (e.g., online classes and step-based exergames) can be an effective strategy for improving cognitive performance in older adults. However, due to the limited number of available studies, future high-quality studies are needed to buttress this assumption empirically and to allow for more solid and nuanced conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Paula Theobald
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Thomas Gronwald
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg 20457, Germany
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Liye Zou
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Department of Health, OST - Eastern Swiss University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen 9001, Switzerland
| | - Louis Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Notger G Müller
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Halaweh H, Al-Khateeb A, Rasheed A, Tomeze L, Sultan M, Alqaissi I. Correlation between Physical Activity and Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adult Palestinians. Med Princ Pract 2023; 33:139-147. [PMID: 38160672 PMCID: PMC11095599 DOI: 10.1159/000535950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigating the relationship between physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms is a vital field of research globally. Nonetheless, this association remains unexplored in the context of older Palestinian adults, highlighting the need for additional research on this population. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between PA and depressive symptoms among older Palestinian adults. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Bank/Palestine with 266 participants. Data were collected using a PA socio-cultural adapted questionnaire (PA-SCAQ), the EuroQuol-5Dimensions-5Levels measure, and the Geriatric depression scale (GDS-15). Independent sample t tests and ANOVA tests were used to investigate mean differences in PA and GDS-15 scores between groups. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between study variables and the impact of the independent variable (PA level) on depressive symptoms. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 65.01 ± 8.02 years (range: 55-86), women 51.9%. Lower levels of PA and higher depressive symptoms were recorded among women, participants ≥65 years, and with recorded diagnosed disease (p < 0.05). The regression analysis showed a negative significant correlation between PA and GDS-15 scores (β = -0.235, p < 0.001), when controlling for age (model 2), and for age and sex (model 3), significant associations were recorded, respectively (β = 0.192, p = 0.002), and (β = 0.14, p = 0.015). CONCLUSION Participants who recorded higher depressive symptoms had a lower level of PA; regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercises can contribute to prevent depression symptoms in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Halaweh
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Amal Al-Khateeb
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Aya Rasheed
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Layth Tomeze
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Sultan
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Ismail Alqaissi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
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Anderson C, Bucholc M, McClean PL, Zhang SD. The Potential of a Stratified Approach to Drug Repurposing in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 14:11. [PMID: 38275752 PMCID: PMC10813465 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by the build-up of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. While multiple theories explaining the aetiology of the disease have been suggested, the underlying cause of the disease is still unknown. Despite this, several modifiable and non-modifiable factors that increase the risk of developing AD have been identified. To date, only eight AD drugs have ever gained regulatory approval, including six symptomatic and two disease-modifying drugs. However, not all are available in all countries and high costs associated with new disease-modifying biologics prevent large proportions of the patient population from accessing them. With the current patient population expected to triple by 2050, it is imperative that new, effective, and affordable drugs become available to patients. Traditional drug development strategies have a 99% failure rate in AD, which is far higher than in other disease areas. Even when a drug does reach the market, additional barriers such as high cost and lack of accessibility prevent patients from benefiting from them. In this review, we discuss how a stratified medicine drug repurposing approach may address some of the limitations and barriers that traditional strategies face in relation to drug development in AD. We believe that novel, stratified drug repurposing studies may expedite the discovery of alternative, effective, and more affordable treatment options for a rapidly expanding patient population in comparison with traditional drug development methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Anderson
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK;
| | - Magda Bucholc
- School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Magee Campus, Ulster University, Northland Road, Derry/Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK
| | - Paula L. McClean
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK;
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK;
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Junger AL, de Sousa Romeiro AM, Noll M, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. Impact of type, intensity, frequency, duration and volume of physical activity on dementia and mild cognitive impairment in older adults: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074420. [PMID: 38149424 PMCID: PMC10711853 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, the prevalence of degenerative diseases such as dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is increasing with population ageing and increasing life expectancy. Both conditions share modifiable risk factors. Physical inactivity is one of these modifiable risk factors, and research points to the protective effect of physical activity on the incidence of dementia and MCI. However, this association tends to change according to type, intensity, frequency, duration and volume of physical activity. Furthermore, it remains unclear which of these characteristics offers the greatest protective effect. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the impacts of different types, intensities, frequencies, duration and volume of physical activity on dementia and cognitive decline in older adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The search will be carried out from October 2023, using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and Web of Science. Cohort studies with a follow-up time of 1 year or longer that have investigated the incidence of dementia and/or MCI in older adults exposed to physical activity will be included. There will be no limitations on the date of publication of the studies. Studies published in English, Spanish or Portuguese will be analysed. Two researchers will independently screen the articles and extract the data. Any discrepancies will be resolved by a third reviewer. Association measures will be quantified, including OR, HR, relative risk and incidence ratio, with a 95% CI. If the data allow, a meta-analysis will be performed. To assess the methodological quality of the selected studies, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations instrument, and the Downs and Black instrument to assess the risk of bias, will be used. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023400411.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Junger
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
- Public Health, Instituto Federal Goiano, Ceres, Brazil
| | | | - Matias Noll
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
- Public Health, Instituto Federal Goiano, Ceres, Brazil
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Singh S, Mahajan M, Kumar D, Singh K, Chowdhary M, Amit. An inclusive study of recent advancements in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review. Neuropeptides 2023; 102:102369. [PMID: 37611472 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has remained elusive in revealing its pathophysiology and mechanism of development. In this review paper, we attempt to highlight several theories that abound about the exact pathway of AD development. The number of cases worldwide has prompted a constant flow of research to detect high-risk patients, slow the progression of the disease and discover improved methods of treatment that may prove effective. We shall focus on the two main classes of drugs that are currently in use; and emerging ones with novel mechanisms that are under development. As of late there has also been increased attention towards factors that were previously thought to be unrelated to AD, such as the gut microbiome, lifestyle habits, and diet. Studies have now shown that all these factors make an impact on AD progression, thus bringing to our attention more areas that could hold the key to combating this disease. This paper covers all the aforementioned factors concisely. We also briefly explore the relationship between mental health and AD, both before and after the diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Singh
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mitali Mahajan
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Dhawal Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Kunika Singh
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mehvish Chowdhary
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Amit
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Grasset L, Planche V, Bouteloup V, Azouani C, Dubois B, Blanc F, Paquet C, David R, Belin C, Jonveaux T, Julian A, Pariente J, Mangin JF, Chêne G, Dufouil C. Physical activity, biomarkers of brain pathologies and dementia risk: Results from the Memento clinical cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5700-5718. [PMID: 37422285 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to examine whether physical activity moderates the association between biomarkers of brain pathologies and dementia risk. METHODS From the Memento cohort, we analyzed 1044 patients with mild cognitive impairment, aged 60 and older. Self-reported physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Biomarkers of brain pathologies comprised medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), white matter lesions, and plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 and phosphorylated tau181. Association between physical activity and risk of developing dementia over 5 years of follow-up, and interactions with biomarkers of brain pathologies were tested. RESULTS Physical activity moderated the association between MTA and plasma Aβ42/40 level and increased dementia risk. Compared to participants with low physical activity, associations of both MTA and plasma Aβ42/40 on dementia risk were attenuated in participants with high physical activity. DISCUSSION Although reverse causality cannot be excluded, this work suggests that physical activity may contribute to cognitive reserve. HIGHLIGHTS Physical activity is an interesting modifiable target for dementia prevention. Physical activity may moderate the impact of brain pathology on dementia risk. Medial temporal lobe atrophy and plasma amyloid beta 42/40 ratio were associated with increased dementia risk especially in those with low level of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Grasset
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Planche
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Bouteloup
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
- Pole de sante publique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chabha Azouani
- CATI multicentre imaging platform, US52-UAR2031, CEA, ICM, SU, CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- IM2A AP-HP INSERM UMR-S975 Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière Sorbonne Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- ICube laboratory, Pôle de Gériatrie, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7357, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Paquet
- Université de Paris Cité, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive GHU APHP Nord Hôpital Lariboisière, INSERMU1144, Paris, France
| | - Renaud David
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Catherine Belin
- Service de Neurologie Hôpital Saint-Louis AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Thérèse Jonveaux
- Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche de Lorraine, Service de Neurologie CHRU Nancy, Laboratoire Lorrain de Psychologie et de Neurosciences de la dynamique des comportements 2LPN EA 7489 Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Adrien Julian
- Service de Neurologie CHU La Milétrie Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, Poitiers, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1402, Poitiers, France
| | - Jérémie Pariente
- Department of Neurology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Universite de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- CATI multicentre imaging platform, US52-UAR2031, CEA, ICM, SU, CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, UMR 9027, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Geneviève Chêne
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
- Pole de sante publique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Carole Dufouil
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
- Pole de sante publique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Lloyd-Hazlegreaves P, Hayes L, Pearce MS. Associations between physical inactivity and dementia prevalence: ecological study using global data. Public Health 2023; 225:299-304. [PMID: 37956642 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Given the predicted rise in dementia prevalence around the world, targeting modifiable risk factors (often lifestyle related) is a priority. This work sought to understand the role of physical inactivity (PI) as a modifiable risk factor for dementia. STUDY DESIGN Ecological study using globally available ecological data (both 2010 and 2016) from 192 countries. METHODS Age-standardised PI prevalence and dementia prevalence data were accessed from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Global Burden of Disease Study. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between PI and dementia, with stratified analyses used to further explore the impact of sex, WHO region, and World Bank income group on the relationship. RESULTS Linear regression showed a positive association between inactivity and dementia prevalence in 2010 (b = 1.38 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.04, 2.71] P = 0.044) and 2016 (coefficient = 2.52 [95% CI: 1.07, 3.96] P = 0.0007). Sub-group analyses of sex-specific data showed the strength of the relationship was stronger in men than in women. Rates of both dementia and inactivity rose with increasing world income group. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of global data indicates the presence of a positive relationship between prevalence of PI and dementia prevalence, which has increased in strength with time, and is stronger in men than in women. This highlights the importance of public health interventions on a global scale to reduce the percentage of the population failing to reach or exceed the recommended physical activity guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Hayes
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, UK
| | - M S Pearce
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, UK.
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Taniguchi Y, Seino S, Ikeuchi T, Hata T, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Protective effects of dog ownership against the onset of disabling dementia in older community-dwelling Japanese: A longitudinal study. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102465. [PMID: 37860160 PMCID: PMC10583170 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This prospective study examined the associations of dog/cat ownership with incident disabling dementia using propensity score matching based on the physical, social, and psychological characteristics of dog and cat owners. We also examined associations of the interaction between dog/cat ownership and exercise habit and social isolation with dementia. Overall, 11,194 older adults selected using stratified and random sampling strategies in 2016 were analyzed. Dog/cat ownership was defined as "current" or "past and never". Disabling dementia was defined according to physicians' rating in the long-term care insurance system in Japan during the approximately 4-year follow-up period. Statistical analysis was weighted by the inverse of the propensity score in the generalized estimating equation after adjusting for follow-up period. Current dog owners (8.6 %) had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.60 (95 %CI: 0.37-0.977) of having disabling dementia compared to past and never owners. For cat ownership, the corresponding OR was 0.98 (95 %CI: 0.62-1.55). Current dog owners with a regular exercise habit had an OR of 0.37 (0.20-0.68) compared to past and never dog owners with no exercise habit. Further, current dog owners with no social isolation had an OR of 0.41 (0.23-0.73) compared to past and never dog owners with social isolation. Dog ownership had a suppressive effect on incident disabling dementia after adjusting for background factors over a 4-year follow-up period. Specifically, dog owners with an exercise habit and no social isolation had a significantly lower risk of disabling dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Taniguchi
- Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan. ADRESS:16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ikeuchi
- Human Care Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hata
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan. ADRESS: 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado City, Saitama 350-0288, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Carr S, Atkin AJ, Jones AP, Milton K. The cross-sectional associations of chronic conditions and disability with self-reported physical activity among adults in England. Prev Med 2023; 177:107754. [PMID: 37951545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using cross-sectional data from the 2018 Health Survey for England, this study describes the types of impairment reported by people with chronic conditions and the association of chronic conditions and impairments with physical activity(PA). METHODS Participants self-reported the presence of seven chronic health conditions (diabetes; stroke/ischemic heart disease; hypertension; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); asthma; arthritis/rheumatism/fibrositis; back problems), 11 types of impairment (vision, hearing, mobility, dexterity; learning; memory; mental health; stamina; social or behavioural; other; none); and their PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to estimate the association of a)impairment type, b)number of impairments, and c)impairment type and chronic condition (mutually adjusted) with PA. RESULTS In total, 2243 adults (55% female, 44% age > 55 yrs) reported having a chronic condition. PA volume (MET minutes per week: median (IQR)) was highest in participants with asthma (2093 (693-4479)), and lowest in those with COPD (454 (0-2079)). There was a negative association between number of impairments and levels of PA. After adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity and education, and mutually adjusting for all other conditions and impairments, diabetes (Incident rate ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.83 (0.73-0.94)), COPD (0.76 (0.59-0.99)), a mobility impairment (0.63 (0.56-0.72)), a dexterity impairment (0.86 (0.75-0.98)), or a memory impairment (0.84 (0.72-0.99)) was negatively associated with PA. CONCLUSION Future PA research requires consideration of the number and types of impairments that individuals experience, as well as assessing chronic conditions. This will improve understanding of the barriers to PA participation and inform interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Carr
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
| | - Andrew J Atkin
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; Norwich Epidemiology Centre, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
| | - Andy P Jones
- C3 Collaborating for Health, SBC House, Restmor Way, Wallington, SM6 7AH.
| | - Karen Milton
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
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Kekäläinen T, Luchetti M, Terracciano A, Gamaldo AA, Mogle J, Lovett HH, Brown J, Rantalainen T, Sliwinski MJ, Sutin AR. Physical activity and cognitive function: moment-to-moment and day-to-day associations. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:137. [PMID: 37993862 PMCID: PMC10666351 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effect of acute physical exercise on cognitive performance has been studied in laboratory settings and in long-term longitudinal studies. Less is known about these associations in everyday environment and on a momentary timeframe. This study investigated momentary and daily associations between physical activity and cognitive functioning in the context of everyday life. METHODS Middle-aged adults (n = 291, aged 40-70) were asked to wear accelerometers and complete ecological momentary assessments for eight consecutive days. Processing speed and visual memory were assessed three times per day and self-rated evaluations of daily cognition (memory, thinking, and sharpness of mind) were collected each night. The number of minutes spent above the active threshold (active time) and the maximum vector magnitude counts (the highest intensity obtained) before each cognitive test and at a daily level were used as predictors of momentary cognitive performance and nightly subjective cognition. Analyses were done with multilevel linear models. The models were adjusted for temporal and contextual factors, age, sex, education, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS When participants had a more active time or higher intensity than their average level within the 20 or 60 minutes prior to the cognitive test, they performed better on the processing speed task. On days when participants had more active time than their average day, they rated their memory in the evening better. Physical activity was not associated with visual memory or self-rated thinking and sharpness of mind. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence that outside of laboratory settings, even small increases in physical activity boost daily processing speed abilities and self-rated memory. The finding of temporary beneficial effects is consistent with long-term longitudinal research on the cognitive benefits of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiia Kekäläinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Alyssa A Gamaldo
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | | | - Hephzibah H Lovett
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Justin Brown
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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70
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Lim S, Yoo E, Hong I, Park JH. Age-specific findings on lifestyle and trajectories of cognitive function from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023098. [PMID: 37946412 PMCID: PMC10876444 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few longitudinal studies have explored age-related differences in the relationship between lifestyle factors and cognitive decline. This study investigated lifestyle factors at baseline that slow the longitudinal rate of cognitive decline in young-old (55-64 years), middle-old (65-74 years), and old-old (75+ years) individuals. METHODS We conducted an 11-year follow-up that included 6,189 older adults from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which is a cohort study of community-dwelling older Koreans. Lifestyle factors, including physical activity, social activity (SA), smoking, and alcohol consumption were assessed at baseline. Cognitive function was measured at 2-year intervals over 11 years. Latent growth modeling and multi-group analysis were performed. RESULTS The influence of lifestyle factors on the rate of cognitive decline differed by age. Smoking at baseline (-0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.11 to -0.00, per study wave) accelerated cognitive decline in young-old individuals, whereas frequent participation in SA at baseline (0.02; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03, per study wave) decelerated cognitive decline in middle-old individuals. None of the lifestyle factors in this study decelerated cognitive decline in old-old individuals. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive strategies based on modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking cessation in young-old individuals and frequent SA participation in middle-old age individuals may have great potential for preventing cognitive decline. Because the influence of lifestyle factors varied by age group, age-specific approaches are recommended to promote cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungju Lim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Eunyoung Yoo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Ickpyo Hong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Ji-Hyuk Park
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju,
Korea
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71
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Oliveira JJD, Ribeiro AGSV, de Oliveira Silva JA, Barbosa CGR, Silva ADSE, Dos Santos GM, Verlengia R, Pertille A. Association between physical activity measured by accelerometry and cognitive function in older adults: a systematic review. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:2089-2101. [PMID: 37667883 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2248477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze studies that investigated the association between physical activity assessed by accelerometry and cognitive function in older people. METHODS A systematic review was carried out in four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SportsDiscus). RESULTS In total, 195 records were identified. Fifty-two studies were selected for a full evaluation; 23 were selected according to the inclusion criteria adopted and divided into four chapters (characteristics of the studies, the association between physical activity level and cognitive function decline, effects of physical activity in reducing the chances of cognitive function decline and effects of physical activity on brain plasticity. The cross-sectional studies had an average score of 7 points, and the cohort studies obtained 10 points, indicating the high quality of the selected studies. Seven studies indicated an association between Moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPA) and cognitive function, two specifically indicated a reduction in the chances of cognitive function decline according to the interquartile of MVPA, and three studies indicated improvements in MVPA in brain plasticity. CONCLUSION Measured by accelerometry, seems to be favorably associated with important outcomes in cognitive function assessed through questionnaires, imaging analyses, and biochemical markers with older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Jonas de Oliveira
- Physical Education Department, Centro Universitário de Itajubá - FEPI, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Post-graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Gabriela Silva Vilela Ribeiro
- Physical Education Department, Centro Universitário de Itajubá - FEPI, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Post-graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Rozangela Verlengia
- Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Post-graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Pertille
- Faculdade de Americana - FAM, Physiotherapy Department, São Paulo, Brazil
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72
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Miró-Padilla A, Adrián-Ventura J, Cherednichenko A, Monzonís-Carda I, Beltran-Valls MR, MolinerUrdiales D, Ávila C. Relevance of the anterior cingulate cortex volume and personality in motivated physical activity behaviors. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1106. [PMID: 37907751 PMCID: PMC10618534 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Some recent theories about the origins and maintenance of regular physical activity focus on the rewards of the properties of practicing this activity. Animal and human studies have demonstrated that mesolimbic dopamine plays a crucial role in the involvement in voluntary physical activity. Here, we test this possible role in a sample of 66 right-handed healthy young adults by studying the influence of personality and the volume of reward-related brain areas on individual differences in voluntary physical activity, objectively measured by accelerometer and subjectively self-reported by questionnaire. Our results show that a smaller volume of the right anterior cingulate cortex and lower scores on reward sensitivity contributed to explaining low levels of daily physical activity. Moreover, the volume of the right anterior cingulate cortex correlates positively with self-reported total physical activity. Results are discussed by highlighting the need to use objective measures of daily physical activity, as well as the important role of the anterior cingulate cortex and personality in promoting effortful and invigorating actions to obtain rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miró-Padilla
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Jesús Adrián-Ventura
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, 44003, Teruel, Spain
| | - Anastasia Cherednichenko
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Irene Monzonís-Carda
- LIFE Research Group, Department of Education, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellon, Spain
| | | | - Diego MolinerUrdiales
- LIFE Research Group, Department of Education, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellon, Spain
| | - César Ávila
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
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Nagakura Y, Hayashi M, Kajioka S. Analysis of Japanese nationwide health datasets: association between lifestyle habits and prevalence of neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia with reference to dementia-related diseases and Parkinson's disease. Scand J Pain 2023; 23:662-669. [PMID: 37439280 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2023-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic pain is defined as pain that persists or recurs for more than 3 months. This study focuses on neuropathic pain (NP) and fibromyalgia (FM) which are chronic pain states, and aims to identify lifestyle habits associated with their prevalence. Other neurological disorders are also analyzed as references. METHODS Association between the variable referring to disease prevalence (number of claims for reimbursement of marker drugs) and the variable for lifestyle habits/health examination results (collected from insured individuals aged 40-74 years) was determined by analyzing Japanese nationwide datasets, which were collected in 2018 and aggregated by prefecture. Pregabalin, donepezil, and levodopa were used as marker drugs for the chronic pain states, dementia-related diseases (Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia) and Parkinson's disease (PD), respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS Variables showing correlation coefficient (|r|)>0.5 were put into the multiple linear regression. Exercise habits (ꞵ=-0.3182), smoking habits (0.3218), daily drinking (0.2683), and alanine aminotransferase>51 U/L (0.2309) were finally incorporated in the equation for pregabalin (R 2=0.7268). Walking speed (-0.4543) and daily drinking (0.5077) were incorporated in the equation for donepezil (R 2=0.5718). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of chronic pain states is associated with lifestyle habits, just like the dementia-related diseases. Exercise in daily life is negatively associated with the prevalence of the chronic pain states, although excessive alcohol drinking, smoking, and high serum ALT are positively associated with it. The prevalence of PD seems less associated with lifestyle habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Nagakura
- School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maya Hayashi
- The Ministry of Justice in Japan, Correction Bureau, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kajioka
- School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan
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Li Q, Guo Z, Hu F, Xiao M, Zhang Q, Wen J, Ying T, Zheng D, Wang Y, Yang S, Hou H. Tourism experiences reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in the Chinese older adult: a prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1271319. [PMID: 37942247 PMCID: PMC10629014 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1271319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Given the etiological complexity of cognitive impairment, no effective cure currently exists for precise treatment of dementia. Although scholars have noted tourism's potential role in managing cognitive impairment and mild dementia, more robust empirical investigation is needed in this area. This study aimed to examine the associations between tourism and cognitive impairment and dementia in older Chinese adults. Method From a nationwide community-based cohort, 6,717 individuals aged ≥60 were recruited from 2011 to 2014, of whom 669 (9.96%) had had at least one tourism experience in the 2 years prior to enrollment. All the participants were then prospectively followed up until 2018. The association between tourism and cognitive impairment was examined by the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to evaluate the effect of tourism experience on cognitive impairment and dementia. Results A total of 1,416 individuals were newly diagnosed with cognitive impairment and 139 individuals with dementia onset during follow-up. The incidence of cognitive impairment was significantly lower among participants with tourism experiences (316.94 per 10,000 person-years) than those without such experiences (552.38 per 10,000 person-years). Cox regression showed that tourism decreased the risk of cognitive impairment (aHR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.41-0.62) when adjusted for behavioral covariates and characteristics. Compared with participants without tourism experiences, those with 1, 2, and ≥3 tourism experiences had a lower risk of cognitive impairment with the aHRs of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.52-0.99), 0.65 (0.42-1.01), and 0.68 (0.44-0.98), respectively. Tourism experiences also reduced participants' risk of dementia (aHR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.19-0.89). Conclusion Our findings demonstrated associations between tourism and reduced risks of cognitive impairment and dementia in older Chinese adults. Thus, tourism could serve as a novel approach to dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Fangli Hu
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Mengfei Xiao
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Jun Wen
- School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Tianyu Ying
- Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danni Zheng
- Department of Tourism, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Haifeng Hou
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Gilmour AM, MacDonald MJ, Cox A, Fairclough SJ, Tyler R. Investigating Ecological Momentary Assessed Physical Activity and Core Executive Functions in 18- to 24-Year-Old Undergraduate Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6944. [PMID: 37887683 PMCID: PMC10606779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Although evidence for young children (<10) and older adults (>64) highlights an association between physical activity (PA) and executive functions (EFs), there is a paucity of research on adolescents aged 18-24 years. Thus, this study examined the associations between PA and EF and the difference in EF between individuals who achieve the moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) guidelines and those who do not. Forty-seven participants engaged in a Stroop task, a reverse Corsi-block test, and a task-switching test, to measure inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, respectively. An ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to determine the participant's MVPA and step count, through the "Pathverse" app. Multiple regressions were run to predict the task-switch cost, the Stroop effect, and the backward Corsi span from time spent in MVPA. A two-way ANCOVA examined the effects of achieving the MVPA guidelines on EF. MVPA and step count did not significantly predict EF. There were no significant differences in EF between participants achieving the MVPA guidelines and those that did not. Time spent in MVPA and step count were not significantly associated with working memory, cognitive flexibility, or inhibition in adolescents. Further research is warranted to understand other factors that may significantly affect EF, within and outside an individual's control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayva-Mae Gilmour
- Movement Behaviours, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK; (M.J.M.); (S.J.F.)
| | - Mhairi J. MacDonald
- Movement Behaviours, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK; (M.J.M.); (S.J.F.)
| | - Ashley Cox
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Stuart J. Fairclough
- Movement Behaviours, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK; (M.J.M.); (S.J.F.)
| | - Richard Tyler
- Movement Behaviours, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK; (M.J.M.); (S.J.F.)
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Sewell KR, Smith NDW, Rainey-Smith SR, Peiffer J, Sohrabi HR, Erickson KI, Brown BM. The effect of acute exercise on objectively measured sleep and cognition in older adults. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1207199. [PMID: 37868603 PMCID: PMC10585032 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1207199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise can improve cognition in aging, however it is unclear how exercise influences cognition, and sleep may partially explain this association. The current study aimed to investigate whether objectively measured sleep mediates the effect of an acute exercise intervention on cognition in older adults. Methods Participants were 30 cognitively unimpaired, physically active older adults (69.2 ± 4.3 years) with poor sleep (determined via self-report). After a triple baseline cognitive assessment to account for any natural fluctuation in cognitive performance, participants completed either a single bout of 20-minutes of high intensity exercise on a cycle ergometer, or a control condition, in a cross-over trial design. Cognition was measured immediately post-intervention and the following day, and sleep (total sleep time, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, % of rapid eye movement sleep, light sleep and deep sleep) was characterized using WatchPAT™ at baseline (5 nights) and measured for one night after both exercise and control conditions. Results Results showed no effect of the exercise intervention on cognition immediately post-intervention, nor an effect of acute exercise on any sleep variable. There was no mediating effect of sleep on associations between exercise and cognition. However, a change from baseline to post-intervention in light sleep and deep sleep did predict change in episodic memory at the ~24 h post-intervention cognitive assessment, regardless of intervention condition. Discussion There was no effect of acute high intensity exercise on sleep or cognition in the current study. However, results suggest that associations between sleep and cognition may exist independently of exercise in our sample. Further research is required, and such studies may aid in informing the most effective lifestyle interventions for cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey R. Sewell
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Nathan D. W. Smith
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jeremiah Peiffer
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Hamid R. Sohrabi
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirk I. Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Belinda M. Brown
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Campbell T, Cullen B. Estimating the effect of physical activity on cognitive function within the UK Biobank cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1592-1611. [PMID: 36749099 PMCID: PMC10555922 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) has been associated with benefits for cognitive function (CF), but previous estimates of the strength of this relationship may have been biased due to limitations in statistical modelling practices that are common among observational studies. We aimed to address this by using a rigorously constructed conceptual causal model to guide an empirical analysis estimating the effect of PA on CF in the UK Biobank cohort of middle-aged and older adults. METHODS This study analysed a subsample of 334 227 adults from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study. PA was measured subjectively by self-report and by device using accelerometry, and CF was measured using objective cognitive tests. Composite CF measures were derived to represent general and domain-specific performance. Effect coefficients were estimated using regression models, adjusting for a wide range of confounders specified by the assumed causal model, including genetic risk factors, and relevant health, sociodemographic and behavioural variables from across the lifespan. RESULTS Results indicated very small effect sizes (standardized mean difference estimates all <0.01) of inconsistent direction, for both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. CONCLUSIONS The expected protective effect of PA on CF was not observed. This may reflect selection bias within UK Biobank, or the relatively young age of the sample at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Campbell
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- NHS Lanarkshire Neuropsychology Service, Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, UK
| | - Breda Cullen
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Feter N, Leite JS, da Silva LS, Cassuriaga J, de Paula D, Lopes GW, Hallal PRC, Lee IM, Rombaldi AJ. Systematic review and meta-analysis on population attributable fraction for physical inactivity to dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4688-4704. [PMID: 37575082 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of cases of dementia attributable to physical inactivity remains unclear due to heterogeneity in physical inactivity definitions and statistical approaches used. METHODS Studies that used population-based samples to estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of physical inactivity for dementia were included in this review. Weighted PAFs were adjusted for communality among the risk factors (i.e., inactive persons may also share other risk factors) analyzed. Values were reported as percentage (%) of cases of dementia attributable to physical inactivity. RESULTS We included 22 studies. The overall impact of physical inactivity, defined by any criteria, on dementia ranged from 6.6% (95% CI: 3.6%, 9.6%; weighted) to 16.6% (95% CI: 14.4%, 18.9%; unweighted). Studies using the WHO criterion for physical inactivity estimated a higher unweighted impact (β = 7.3%; 95% CI: 2.0%, 12.6%) than studies using other criteria. DISCUSSION Conservatively, one in 15 cases of dementia may be attributable to physical inactivity, defined by any criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natan Feter
- Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jayne S Leite
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luísa Silveira da Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Júlia Cassuriaga
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Danilo de Paula
- Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Wünsch Lopes
- Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - I-Min Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Airton José Rombaldi
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Li W, Kim KWR, Zhang D, Liu B, Dengler-Crish CM, Wen M, Shi L, Pan X, Gu Y, Li Y. Cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions for prevention and management of cognitive decline and dementia-a systematic review. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:159. [PMID: 37749587 PMCID: PMC10519096 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although increasing physical activity (PA) has been suggested to prevent and manage cognitive decline and dementia, its economic impact on healthcare systems and society is largely unknown. This study aimed to summarize evidence on the cost-effectiveness of PA interventions to prevent and manage cognitive decline and dementia. METHODS Electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and ScienceDirect, were searched from January 2000 to July 2023. The search strategy was driven by a combination of subject-heading terms related to physical activity, cognitive function, dementia, and cost-effectiveness. Selected studies were included in narrative synthesis, and extracted data were presented in narrative and tabular forms. The risk of bias in each study was assessed using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards and Consensus on Health Economic Criteria list. RESULTS Five of the 11 identified studies focused on individuals with existing dementia. Six of the 11 identified studies focused on individuals with no existing dementia, including 3 on those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 3 on those with no existing MCI or dementia. PA interventions focused on individuals with no existing dementia were found to be cost-effective compared to the control group. Findings were mixed for PA interventions implemented in individuals with existing dementia. CONCLUSIONS PA interventions implemented before or during the early stage of cognitive impairment may be cost-effective in reducing the burden of dementia. More research is needed to investigate the cost-effectiveness of PA interventions in managing dementia. Most existing studies used short-term outcomes in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of PA interventions in the prevention and management of dementia; future research should consider adding long-term outcomes to strengthen the study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Li
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kun-Woo Rafael Kim
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Donglan Zhang
- Division of Health Services Research, Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - Bian Liu
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lu Shi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Xi Pan
- Department of Sociology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Yian Gu
- Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 S. Chongqing Rd, Shanghai, China.
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Hawani A, Chikha AB, Souissi MA, Trabelsi O, Mrayah M, Souissi N, Marsigliante S, Muscella A. The Feeling of Pleasure for Overweight Children during Different Types of Physical Activity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1526. [PMID: 37761487 PMCID: PMC10528862 DOI: 10.3390/children10091526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The feeling of pleasure during physical education (PE) could increase with physical activity participation and adherence for overweight children. While traditional games are known to have positive benefits on motor skill development, especially for children with poorer motor skills, and on the body mass of children, little is known about overweight children's feelings of enjoyment when playing these games. To identify a program of physical activity appreciated by overweight children, we tested the effect of different activities, namely soccer (SO), shot put (SP), and traditional motor games (TMGs), on the feelings of pleasure for 28 overweight male children (aged 12.11 ± 0.63 years, BMI 26.89 ± 0.15 kg·m-2) participating in a 3-month cross-over study. To measure affective responses to exercises, we applied a validated feeling scale. The data were collected during eight PE lessons, which were organized for each cycle taught. Post hoc pairwise comparisons revealed a significant difference (Z = -3.195, p < 0.01) between the mean feeling score reported after the SO cycle (2.48 ± 0.41) and that after the TMGs (3.04 ± 0.32). A similar significant difference (Z = -3.304, p < 0.01) was found between the mean feeling scores reported after the SP cycle (2.27 ± 0.32) and the TMGs (3.04 ± 0.32). There was no significant difference between the mean feeling scores reported after the SO (2.48 ± 0.41) and SP cycles (2.27 ± 0.32). In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that TMGs may have beneficial effects on the feelings of pleasure for overweight children. Therefore, TMGs might potentially be considered as an alternative to conventional physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Hawani
- The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Saïd), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; (A.b.C.); (M.M.)
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Anis ben Chikha
- The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Saïd), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; (A.b.C.); (M.M.)
- Research Unit ECOTIDI (UR16ES10), Virtual University, Tunis 1073, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Abdelkader Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.T.); (N.S.)
- The High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Omar Trabelsi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.T.); (N.S.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Maher Mrayah
- The Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar Saïd), University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; (A.b.C.); (M.M.)
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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81
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Ye KX, Sun L, Wang L, Khoo ALY, Lim KX, Lu G, Yu L, Li C, Maier AB, Feng L. The role of lifestyle factors in cognitive health and dementia in oldest-old: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105286. [PMID: 37321363 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oldest-old is the fastest growing segment of society. A substantial number of these individuals are cognitively impaired or demented. Given the lack of a cure, attention is directed to lifestyle interventions that could help alleviate the stress in patients, their families, and society. The aim of this review was to identify lifestyle factors with important roles in dementia prevention in oldest-old. Searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. We identified 27 observational cohort studies that met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that eating a healthy diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables, and participation in leisure and physical activities may protect against cognitive decline and cognitive impairment among oldest-old regardless of the APOE genotype. Combined lifestyles may generate multiplicative effects than individual factors. This is the first review known to systematically examine the association between lifestyle and cognitive health in oldest-old. Lifestyle interventions for diet, leisure, or a combination of lifestyles could be beneficial for cognitive function in oldest-old. Interventional studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisy Xinhong Ye
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Lina Sun
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Anderson Li Yang Khoo
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kai Xuan Lim
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Guohua Lu
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lirong Yu
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Andrea Britta Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lei Feng
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
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82
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Brown CJ, Jeon S, Ng YT, Lee S, Fingerman KL, Charles ST. Switching it up: Activity diversity and cognitive functioning in later life. Psychol Aging 2023; 38:483-493. [PMID: 37535516 PMCID: PMC10528947 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Participating in a broad and balanced range of daily activities (i.e., activity diversity) has been associated with better cognitive functioning in later life. One possible explanation for this finding is that high levels of activity diversity are merely a proxy for being more physically active, a factor robustly linked to cognitive health. The present study examined whether activity diversity has a unique association with cognitive functioning beyond physical movement. Community-dwelling older adults (N = 252, Mage = 73.55 years, SD = 6.39) completed a cognitive battery and then responded to ecological momentary assessments of their participation in 10 common activity types (e.g., reading, chores, social visits) every 3 hr for 5-6 days. They also wore accelerometers to track daily physical movement. Multiple regression models revealed that greater diversity in daily activities was related to higher cognitive functioning even after adjusting for physical movement and other covariates such as education level. This study further clarifies the unique relationship of activity diversity, beyond physical movement, with cognition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette J Brown
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine
| | - Sangha Jeon
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine
| | - Yee To Ng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan
| | - Soomi Lee
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Karen L Fingerman
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin
| | - Susan T Charles
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine
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83
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Stojanovic M, Waters AB, Kiselica AM, Benge JF. The impact of technology-based compensatory behaviors on subjective cognitive decline in older adults with a family history of dementia. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37647340 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2023.2247109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined whether greater use of technology to help with daily tasks is associated with less subjective cognitive decline (SCD), especially in individuals with a family history of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individuals over the age of 50 (n = 102; age range 50-85) completed surveys about their digital and analog approaches to daily tasks, physical activity, and SCD. Participants with and without family histories of AD were matched on age, education, sex, and family history of AD using the R package MatchIt. There was no main effect of technology-based behavioral strategies on SCD (p = 0.259). However, a family history of AD moderated the association between technology use and SCD even when controlling for another protective lifestyle factor, physical activity. In individuals with a family history of AD, more reliance on technology-based behavioral strategies was associated with less SCD (p = 0.018), but this relationship was not significant in individuals without family history of AD (p = 0.511). Our findings suggest that technology-based behavioral strategies are associated with less SCD in individuals with a family history of AD, independent of another protective lifestyle factor. Future recommendations provided by healthcare providers to address SCD in cognitively unimpaired older adults might include focusing on technological assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Stojanovic
- Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abigail B Waters
- Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew M Kiselica
- Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jared F Benge
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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84
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Ren JJ, Zhang PD, Li ZH, Zhang XR, Zhong WF, Chen PL, Huang QM, Wang XM, Gao PM, Mao C. Association of Night Shifts and Lifestyle Risks With Incident Dementia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1725-1732. [PMID: 37115786 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the combined relationship between night shifts and lifestyle risks with incident dementia or their potential interactions. To evaluate the association of night shifts and lifestyle risks with incident dementia and further analyze their interactions. METHODS A total of 276 059 participants were included in this study from the UK Biobank cohort. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the combined association of night shifts and lifestyle risks with incident dementia. RESULTS Participants with always night shifts and 3 or 4 unhealthy lifestyle factors had the highest risk of incident all-cause dementia (hazard ratio: 3.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74-5.69). An additive interaction was found between night shifts and lifestyle risks for incident all-cause dementia (p < .001), with a relative excess risk due to the interaction of 0.14 (95% CI: 0.11-0.45). The attributable proportions of the combined effect on the incidence of all-cause dementia were 22.6% (95% CI: 20.91%-26.75%) for night shift work, 65.0% (95% CI: 63.12%-69.80%) for unhealthy lifestyle factors, and 12.1% (95% CI: 8.67%-18.04%) for their interaction. CONCLUSIONS Both night shifts and lifestyle risks were associated with a higher risk of incident dementia. The combined impact was higher than the increase in the risks related to each single factor. Our results indicated that most incident dementia cases might be prevented by a healthy lifestyle, and the benefits would be greater among night shift workers. Further studies are needed to confirm our results and explore the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Ren
- Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-Ru Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Fang Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Liang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Mei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping-Ming Gao
- Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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85
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Wang Y, Chen Q, Liu L, He Q, Cheung JCW, Wong DWC, Liu Y, Lam WK. Training effects of set- and repetition-interval rest time on recumbent-boxing exercise: Could virtual reality improve further? iScience 2023; 26:107399. [PMID: 37575198 PMCID: PMC10415930 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the influence of set-interval and repetition-interval rest time of virtual reality (VR) boxing game in supine-lying posture. Fifty healthy middle-aged adults were randomly assigned into VR and non-VR groups to perform six different exercise protocols with varying set-interval and repetition-interval rest times (S0R0, S0R1/3, S0R2/3, S40R0, S40R1/3, and S40R2/3). Analysis on the non-VR group showed significant differences between exercise protocols for average heart rate (p < 0.001), maximum ventilation volume (p < 0.001), respiratory quotient (p < 0.001), oxygen pulse (p < 0.001), and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) (p = 0.003). VR appeared to have no further improvement on physical training effects in middle-aged adults, while the participants reported negative experience that might be associated with the over-exertion. Future study might need to explore game design elements that can accommodate high-exertion exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
- Sports and Social Development Research Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Physical Education Department, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liangchao Liu
- Physical Education Department, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiuhong He
- School of Physical Education, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - James Chung-Wai Cheung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Duo Wai-Chi Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yang Liu
- L&L Technology PTY Company Limited, Cheltenham, VIC 3192, Australia
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wing-Kai Lam
- Sports Information and External Affairs Center, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong 999077, China
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86
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Leiter O, Brici D, Fletcher SJ, Yong XLH, Widagdo J, Matigian N, Schroer AB, Bieri G, Blackmore DG, Bartlett PF, Anggono V, Villeda SA, Walker TL. Platelet-derived exerkine CXCL4/platelet factor 4 rejuvenates hippocampal neurogenesis and restores cognitive function in aged mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4375. [PMID: 37587147 PMCID: PMC10432533 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of physical activity on brain ageing are well recognised, with exerkines, factors that are secreted into the circulation in response to exercise, emerging as likely mediators of this response. However, the source and identity of these exerkines remain unclear. Here we provide evidence that an anti-geronic exerkine is secreted by platelets. We show that platelets are activated by exercise and are required for the exercise-induced increase in hippocampal precursor cell proliferation in aged mice. We also demonstrate that increasing the systemic levels of the platelet-derived exerkine CXCL4/platelet factor 4 (PF4) ameliorates age-related regenerative and cognitive impairments in a hippocampal neurogenesis-dependent manner. Together these findings highlight the role of platelets in mediating the rejuvenating effects of exercise during physiological brain ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odette Leiter
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David Brici
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen J Fletcher
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Xuan Ling Hilary Yong
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jocelyn Widagdo
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas Matigian
- Queensland Cyber Infrastructure Foundation Ltd, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Adam B Schroer
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Gregor Bieri
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Daniel G Blackmore
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Perry F Bartlett
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Victor Anggono
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Saul A Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Tara L Walker
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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87
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Al-Amri A, Abdulaziz S, Bashir S, Ahsan M, Abualait T. Effects of smartphone addiction on cognitive function and physical activity in middle-school children: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1182749. [PMID: 37645064 PMCID: PMC10461096 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1182749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the effects of smartphone addiction on cognitive function and physical activity in middle-school children. Methods A population of 196 children (boys and girls) from middle schools were recruited for this study with an average age of 12.99 ± 0.81 years, a height of 153.86 ± 6.50 meters, a weight of 48.07 ± 7.31 kilograms, and a body mass index of 20.22 ± 2.08 kg/m2. Smartphone addiction was determined using Arabic versions of the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, and physical activity levels were assessed by a physical activity questionnaire for older children. The working memory and selective attention domains of cognitive function were evaluated using a laptop screen's digital version of the memory automaticity and Flanker tasks, respectively. A one-way MANOVA was conducted to determine the differences in working memory between the smartphone-addicted and non-addicted groups. The relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity was analyzed using Pearson's chi-squared test. Results The cognitive function-attention domain accuracy component showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, with a p-value of 0.05). The reaction time between smartphone-addicted and non-addicted children showed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.817). The relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Discussion The interaction effects between physical activity and smartphone addiction on reaction times showed statistically insignificant (p = 0.25) differences, showing that physical activity's effect on reaction times did not depend on smartphone addiction levels. The non-addicted children had significantly higher physical activity levels than the addicted children, indicating that smartphone addiction reduced physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Al-Amri
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Rehabilitation Health Services, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Abdulaziz
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ahsan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Abualait
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang H, Chen Y, Ni R, Cao Y, Fang W, Hu W, Pan G. Traffic-related air pollution, adherence to healthy lifestyles, and risk of cognitive impairment: A nationwide population-based study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115349. [PMID: 37567107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is a risk factor for cognitive function, whereas healthy lifestyles are associated with better cognition. We aimed to examine their joint effects on cognition among the Chinese elderly. METHODS The data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey was used. Participants' cognitive performance was assessed by the Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination. Residential proximity to major roadways was obtained through self-report and categorized into five categories: > 300 m, 201-300 m, 101-200 m, 50-100 m, and < 50 m, serving as a surrogate for TRAP. Six lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking, exercise, body mass index, sleep duration, and dietary diversity) were taken into account to calculate healthy lifestyle scores. The scores ranged from zero to six and were then divided into three groups: healthy (5-6), intermediate (2-4), and unhealthy (0-1). Logistic regression models were applied to investigate the joint effects of TRAP and healthy lifestyle scores on cognition. RESULTS Compared to participants living < 50 m from major roadways and adopting an unhealthy lifestyle, those living > 300 m from major roadways and adopting a healthy lifestyle had a significantly decreased risk of cognitive impairment. Stratified analysis indicated that the associations between TRAP and cognitive impairment were more pronounced among participants adopting an unhealthy lifestyle compared to the participants adopting a healthy lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS TRAP may impair cognitive function, and its detrimental impacts may be lessened by healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengchuan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Ruyu Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yawen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Wenbin Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Wan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guixia Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Medical Data Processing Center of School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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89
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Zhang JJ, Wu ZX, Tan W, Liu D, Cheng GR, Xu L, Hu FF, Zeng Y. Associations among multidomain lifestyles, chronic diseases, and dementia in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1200671. [PMID: 37600519 PMCID: PMC10438989 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1200671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Unhealthy lifestyles and chronic diseases are commonly seen and treatable factors in older adults and are both associated with dementia. However, the synergistic effect of the interaction of lifestyles and chronic diseases on dementia is unknown. Methods We determined independent associations of multidomain lifestyles and chronic diseases (cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension) with dementia and examined their synergistic impact on dementia among older adults. The data were drawn from the Hubei Memory and Aging Cohort Study. We created a summary score of six factors for multidomain lifestyles. Dementia was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV. Logistic regression and multiple correspondence analyses were used to explore the relationships among multidomain lifestyles, chronic diseases, and dementia. A sensitivity analysis was performed to minimize the interference of reverse causality and potential confounders. Results Independent associations with dementia were found in unhealthy (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.38-2.61) and intermediate healthy lifestyles (OR, 3.29, 2.32-4.68), hypertension (OR, 1.21, 1.01-1.46), diabetes (OR, 1.30, 1.04-1.63), and cerebrovascular disease (OR, 1.39, 1.12-1.72). Interactions of diabetes (p = 0.004), hypertension (p = 0.004), and lifestyles were significant, suggesting a combined impact on dementia. Sensitivity analysis supported the strong association among multidomain lifestyles, chronic diseases, and dementia prevalence. Conclusion An unhealthy lifestyle was associated with a higher prevalence of dementia, regardless of whether the participants had chronic diseases; however, this association was stronger in individuals with chronic diseases. Multidomain lifestyles and chronic diseases may have an enhanced impact on dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-jing Zhang
- Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao-xia Wu
- Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gui-rong Cheng
- Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Xu
- Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei-fei Hu
- Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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90
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Yang JM, Lee HJ, Kim JH. Association between social isolation and subjective cognitive decline in Korean older adult population: A nationwide cross-sectional study in South Korea. Prev Med Rep 2023; 34:102261. [PMID: 37387723 PMCID: PMC10302111 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the association between social isolation (SI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in Koreans aged 65 years or older. The cross-sectional study of the Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS) was conducted on 72,904 individuals aged 65 years or older. SI was defined using five indicator, and an increasing number of SI indicators signifies a higher level of SI. SCD was defined as self-observed impairment of more frequent or worsening memory loss or confusion within the previous 12 months. The cognitive function questionnaire included questions regarding SCD. Chi-square test and weighted logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the association between SI and SCD. SI group had higher odds of SCD experience rate than the non-SI (AOR:1.15, 95 % CI: 1.08-1.22). Subgroup analysis showed that when SI occurred in the non-Moderate or Vigorous Physical Exercise (MVPE) group, SI group was more likely to experience SCD compared with the non-SI (AOR: 1.17, 95 % CI: 1.10-1.25). However, when SI occurred in the MVPE group, there were not find out the association between SI and SCD. The results of this study showed that the SI group had a higher rate of SCD than the non-SI group. Particularly, a strong association was observed in the non-MVPE. Therefore, even if SI occurs, SCD can be prevented by educating individuals regarding the importance of participating in MVPE and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Min Yang
- Department of Public Health, General Graduate School of Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Digital Life Convergence, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Lee
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Digital Life Convergence, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Digital Life Convergence, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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91
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Hall AJ, Manning F, Goodwin V. Qualitative study exploring health care professionals' perceptions of providing rehabilitation for people with advanced dementia. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072432. [PMID: 37524545 PMCID: PMC10391829 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore healthcare professionals' principles for providing and delivering rehabilitation interventions for people with advanced dementia. DESIGN This was a qualitative study with three focus groups undertaken virtually. The data were analysed using a process of reflexive thematic analysis in order to gain an in-depth understanding of rehabilitation principles for this population. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 20 healthcare professionals who were specialists in treating and rehabilitating people with advanced dementia were recruited. These healthcare professionals had a wide range of experience in a variety of different settings including primary care, secondary care as well as specialist mental health teams. Purposive sampling focused on the requirement for participants to have significant experience of treating people with dementia. Participants were from the UK and Denmark. Data collection was undertaken during August and September 2022. RESULTS Three overarching themes were developed following analysis-organisational culture, knowledge and personal values of the healthcare professional. The first explored how the culture of an organisation affects a person with advanced dementia as well as the healthcare professional. The organisation needed to promote positive approaches to person-centred care and provide effective situational leadership to embed such approaches. Knowledge was a key consideration and was closely linked to the personal values of the healthcare professional, which formed the final theme. This study suggests that the interrelationship of these three factors influences the outcomes for the person with dementia and effective outcomes required consideration of all domains. CONCLUSIONS Effective interventions for people with advanced dementia require the healthcare professional to have the knowledge about dementia and positive personal values, but the culture of the organisation is also key to ensure that the healthcare professional is able to deliver successful interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J Hall
- Public Health and Sports Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Fay Manning
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Victoria Goodwin
- Public Health and Sports Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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92
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Martin P, Gondo Y, Lee G, Woodard JL, Miller LS, Poon LW. Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Functioning among Oldest Old Adults: Findings from the Georgia Centenarian Study. Exp Aging Res 2023; 49:334-346. [PMID: 35929967 PMCID: PMC9899291 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2022.2106717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Living a long life does not guarantee the maintenance of optimal cognitive functioning; however, similar to older adults in general, cognitive reserve may also protect oldest-old adults from cognitive decline. The purpose of this study was to assess cognitive reserve among centenarians and octogenarians and to evaluate a process model of cognitive reserve. METHODS A total of 321 centenarians and octogenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study were included in this study. Cognitive reserve components included level of education, occupational responsibility, current social engagement, past engaged lifestyle, and activity. Cognitive functioning was measured with the Mini-Mental Status Examination. RESULTS Structural equation modeling was computed, and the overall model fit well, χ2 (df = 3) = 5.02, p = .17; CFI = .99, RMSEA = .05. Education is directly and indirectly related to cognitive functioning through occupational responsibility and past engaged lifestyle. Current social engagement is related to cognitive functioning directly and indirectly through current activities. The four direct predictors (i.e., education, current social engagement, current activity, and past engaged lifestyle) explained 35% of the variance in cognitive functioning. CONCLUSION The results provide important information for cognitive reserve theories with implications for interventions that build cognitive reserve.
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93
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Konwar S, Manca R, De Marco M, Soininen H, Venneri A. The effect of physical activity on white matter integrity in aging and prodromal to mild Alzheimer's disease with vascular comorbidity. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1096798. [PMID: 37520122 PMCID: PMC10382177 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1096798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is a modifiable lifestyle factor that has been previously associated with reduced vascular burden and reduced risk of dementia. Objectives This study tested whether physical activity (i.e., being inactive vs. active) contributed to preservation of white matter microstructure in healthy aging controls and patients in prodromal to mild Alzheimer's disease with low/high vascular burden. Materials A total of 213 participants were recruited from memory clinics. They were classified as being either physically active (n = 113) or inactive (n = 100) based on the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) questionnaire. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired for all participants and pre-processed based on a standard protocol. Methods A factorial design using voxel-wise tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was adopted, with 5,000 permutations and threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE), to identify significant clusters for fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AxD), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD). Results Clusters of higher FA and lower AxD, MD, and RD values were found for physically active compared with inactive participants that were widespread covering mainly association and projection tracts but also some commissural tracts. A three-way Group × Physical Activity × Vascular Burden interaction effect was found for FA mostly in a variety of projection tracts with a right predominance, and some commissural and association tracts. Post hoc analyses revealed higher FA in patients with high vascular burden who were physically active compared with those patients with high vascular burden who were inactive mainly in projection and association/limbic tracts with a right predominance. Additionally, higher FA was observed in physically active patients with high vascular burden as compared with physically inactive controls with high vascular burden, mainly in bilateral projection fibers and cerebellar regions. Conclusion Voxel-wise TBSS analysis revealed better preservation of white matter microstructure that was prominent in the high-risk group such as the patients with high vascular burden, specifically those who were physically active. The beneficial effects of physical activity on white matter microstructure were not observed in the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Konwar
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Manca
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo De Marco
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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94
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Ioannou E, Chen HL, Bromley V, Fosker S, Ali K, Fernando A, Mensah E, Fowler-Davis S. The key values and factors identified by older adults to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour using co-production approaches: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:371. [PMID: 37328734 PMCID: PMC10276377 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inactivity and sedentary behaviour in older adults adversely impacts physical function, reduces social networks, and could contribute to population healthcare costs. To encourage and support the planning and uptake of physical activity by older adults, it is important to understand what physical activity means to older adults. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to collate what older adults have self-identified as the key factors for sustaining and increasing their physical activities. METHODS Arksey and O'Malley's Scoping Review framework was used to guide the review process. SCOPUS, ASSIA, PsychINFO and MEDLINE databases were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer-reviewed, the target population were older adults (aged 55 and above), co-production related research approaches were explicitly stated in the methods and there was a focus on design of physical activity interventions or products to support or enhance physical activity. Assets and values important for physical activity were first extracted from included studies and were subsequently thematically analysed. Themes are presented to provide an overview of the literature synthesis. RESULTS Sixteen papers were included in the analysis. Data from these papers were gathered via designing interventions or services (n = 8), products (n = 2), 'exergames' (n = 2) or mobile applications (n = 4). Outcomes were varied but common themes emerged across papers. Overarching themes identified by older adults were associated with a desire to increase activity when it was accessible, motivational, and safe. In addition, older adults want to enjoy their activities, want independence and representation, want to stay connected with families and friends, be outdoors, familiarity, activities to be tailored and resulting in measurable/observed progress. CONCLUSIONS Population demographics, personal attributes, and life experiences all affect preferences for physical activity. However, the key factors identified by older adults for increasing physical activity were common-even in separate co-production contexts. To promote physical activities in older adults, activities must fundamentally feel safe, provide a sense of social connectedness, be enjoyable and be accessible in terms of cost and ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysa Ioannou
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre (SPARC), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Henglien Lisa Chen
- University of Sussex (Social Work and Social Care), Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Vicky Bromley
- University of Sussex (Social Work and Social Care), Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Sam Fosker
- Royal London Hospital, London; Founder, Cush Health, London, UK
| | - Khalid Ali
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Avanka Fernando
- University of Sussex (Social Work and Social Care), Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Ekow Mensah
- University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sally Fowler-Davis
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre (AWRC), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
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95
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Hao Z, Liu K, Zhou L, Chen P. Precious but convenient means of prevention and treatment: physiological molecular mechanisms of interaction between exercise and motor factors and Alzheimer's disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1193031. [PMID: 37362440 PMCID: PMC10285460 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1193031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Disproportionate to the severity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the huge number of patients, the exact treatment and prevention of AD is still being explored. With increasing ageing, the search for means to prevent and treat AD has become a high priority. In the search for AD, it has been suggested that exercise may be one of the more effective and less costly means of preventing and treating AD, and therefore a large part of current research is aimed at exploring the effectiveness of exercise in the prevention and treatment of AD. However, due to the complexity of the specific pathogenesis of AD, there are multiple hypotheses and potential mechanisms for exercise interventions in AD that need to be explored. This review therefore specifically summarises the hypotheses of the interaction between exercise and AD from a molecular perspective, based on the available evidence from animal models or human experiments, and explores them categorised according to the pathologies associated with AD: exercise can activate a number of signalling pathways inhibited by AD (e.g., Wnt and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways) and reactivate the effects of downstream factors regulated by these signalling pathways, thus acting to alleviate autophagic dysfunction, relieve neuroinflammation and mitigate Aβ deposition. In addition, this paper introduces a new approach to regulate the blood-brain barrier, i.e., to restore the stability of the blood-brain barrier, reduce abnormal phosphorylation of tau proteins and reduce neuronal apoptosis. In addition, this paper introduces a new concept." Motor factors" or "Exerkines", which act on AD through autocrine, paracrine or endocrine stimulation in response to movement. In this process, we believe there may be great potential for research in three areas: (1) the alleviation of AD through movement in the brain-gut axis (2) the prevention and treatment of AD by movement combined with polyphenols (3) the continued exploration of movement-mediated activation of the Wnt signalling pathway and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikang Hao
- Department of Physical Education, Laoshan Campus, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kerui Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Daiyue Campus, Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Sports Medicine, Daiyue Campus, Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Laoshan Campus, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Zheng L, Eramudugolla R, Cherbuin N, Drouin SM, Dixon RA, Anstey KJ. Gender specific factors contributing to cognitive resilience in APOE ɛ4 positive older adults in a population-based sample. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8037. [PMID: 37198167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although APOE ɛ4 has been identified as the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease, there are some APOE ɛ4 carriers who do not go on to develop Alzheimer's disease or cognitive impairment. This study aims to investigate factors contributing to this "resilience" separately by gender. Data were drawn from APOE ɛ4 positive participants who were aged 60 + at baseline in the Personality and Total Health Through Life (PATH) Study (N = 341, Women = 46.3%). Participants were categorised into "resilient" and "non-resilient" groups using Latent Class Analysis based on their cognitive impairment status and cognitive trajectory across 12 years. Logistic regression was used to identify the risk and protective factors that contributed to resilience stratified by gender. For APOE ɛ4 carriers who have not had a stroke, predictors of resilience were increased frequency of mild physical activity and being employed at baseline for men, and increased number of mental activities engaged in at baseline for women. The results provide insights into a novel way of classifying resilience among APOE ɛ4 carriers and risk and protective factors contributing to resilience separately for men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zheng
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia.
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ranmalee Eramudugolla
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Shannon M Drouin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Roger A Dixon
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia
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Feter N, Caputo EL, Leite JS, Delpino FM, Cassuriaga J, da Silva CN, da Silva MC, Reichert FF, Rombaldi AJ. Incidence of memory complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Brazil: findings from PAMPA cohort. Dement Neuropsychol 2023; 17:e20220072. [PMID: 37223842 PMCID: PMC10202330 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2022-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-level studies investigating the incidence of memory complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic are scarce. Objective This study aimed to examine the incidence of memory complaints over 15 months during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults from Southern Brazil. Methods Data from the PAMPA (Prospective Study about Mental and Physical Health in Adults) cohort, a longitudinal study with adults residing in Southern Brazil, were analyzed. An online-based, self-administered questionnaire was used to assess self-rated memory. Participants rated their memories as excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor. Incident memory complaints were defined as worse memory perception from baseline to follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify factors associated with the increased risk of memory complaints. Results During follow-up, a cumulative incidence of 57.6% for memory complaints was observed. Female sex (hazard ratio [HR] 1.49; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.16-1.94), lack of access to prescribed medicine (HR: 1.54; 95%CI 1.06-2.23), and worsened anxiety symptoms (HR: 1.81; 95%CI 1.49-2.21) were associated with an increased risk of memory complaints. Regular practice of physical activity was associated with a reduced risk of memory complaints (HR: 0.65; 95%CI 0.57-0.74). Conclusion Since the COVID-19 pandemic, 6 in 10 adults in Southern Brazil have developed memory complaints. Factors including sex and lack of medications increased the risk of incident memory complaints. Physical activity reduced the risk of incident memory complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natan Feter
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Pelotas RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Lucia Caputo
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Pelotas RS, Brazil
| | - Jayne Santos Leite
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Mendes Delpino
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Pelotas RS, Brazil
| | - Júlia Cassuriaga
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Pelotas RS, Brazil
| | - Carine Nascimento da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Rio Grande RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cozzensa da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Pelotas RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fossati Reichert
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Pelotas RS, Brazil
| | - Airton José Rombaldi
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Escola Superior de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Pelotas RS, Brazil
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James SN, Chiou YJ, Fatih N, Needham LP, Schott JM, Richards M. Timing of physical activity across adulthood on later-life cognition: 30 years follow-up in the 1946 British birth cohort. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 94:349-356. [PMID: 36810321 PMCID: PMC10176405 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess how timing, frequency and maintenance of being physically active, spanning over 30 years in adulthood, is associated with later-life cognitive function. METHODS Participants (n=1417, 53% female) were from the prospective longitudinal cohort study, 1946 British birth cohort. Participation in leisure time physical activity was reported five times between ages 36 and 69, categorised into: not active (no participation in physical activity/month); moderately active (participated 1-4 times/month); most active (participated 5 or more times/month). Cognition at age 69 was assessed by tests of cognitive state (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III), verbal memory (word learning test) and processing speed (visual search speed). RESULTS Being physically active, at all assessments in adulthood, was associated with higher cognition at age 69. For cognitive state and verbal memory, the effect sizes were similar across all adult ages, and between those who were moderately and most physically active. The strongest association was between sustained cumulative physical activity and later-life cognitive state, in a dose-response manner. Adjusting for childhood cognition, childhood socioeconomic position and education largely attenuated these associations but results mainly remained significant at the 5% level. CONCLUSIONS Being physically active at any time in adulthood, and to any extent, is linked with higher later-life cognitive state, but lifelong maintenance of physical activity was most optimal. These relationships were partly explained by childhood cognition and education, but independent of cardiovascular and mental health and APOE-E4, suggestive of the importance of education on the lifelong impacts of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yu-Jie Chiou
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nasri Fatih
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Louisa P Needham
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
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Cuadra G, Oliveira JS, Pinheiro MB, Tiedemann A, Sherrington C, Pivotto L, Khalatbari-Soltani S, Sharma S, Costa N. Physical Activity Interventions for Adults Aged 60+ Years in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review. J Phys Act Health 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37080543 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most reviews investigating physical activity interventions for older people consider evidence primarily from high-income countries. This review examined physical activity interventions for older people from low- and middle-income countries. METHODS We searched 9 electronic databases to identify randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized trials studies investigating physical activity interventions for people aged 60+ in low- and middle-income countries. Following study selection, one reviewer extracted relevant data. A second reviewer double-checked the data extraction of a randomly selected sample of interventions (20%). Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS We included 234 studies from 19 countries, investigating 259 distinct physical activity interventions. Studies were mostly conducted in upper middle-income countries (89%), often assessing physical activity interventions through randomized controlled trials (82%). Most studies investigated a mixed population in terms of sex (68%), with a mean age between 65 and 70 years (36%), not selected on the basis of having a specific health condition (55%). The intervention most commonly investigated was structured exercise (63%) and "no intervention" was the most frequent comparator (47%). The outcomes measured more often were intrinsic capacity (59%) and functional ability (51%), whereas physical activity, falls, and social outcomes were rare. Only 2 studies targeted underserved populations. CONCLUSION Although we identified a substantial number of randomized controlled trials, most evidence for physical activity interventions for older people in low- and middle-income countries is limited to upper middle-income countries. Gaps identified included interventions targeting populations with underserved backgrounds, using sport as an intervention, and assessing the impact of physical activity interventions on physical activity, falls, and social outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Cuadra
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
| | - Juliana S Oliveira
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney,Australia
| | - Marina B Pinheiro
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney,Australia
| | - Anne Tiedemann
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney,Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney,Australia
| | - Luiza Pivotto
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
| | - Saman Khalatbari-Soltani
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Aging Research (CEPAR), University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
| | - Sweekriti Sharma
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney,Australia
| | - Nathalia Costa
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney,Australia
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Formolo DA, Yu J, Lin K, Tsang HWH, Ou H, Kranz GS, Yau SY. Leveraging the glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic systems as therapeutic strategies in Alzheimer's disease: an updated overview of nonpharmacological therapies. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:26. [PMID: 37081555 PMCID: PMC10116684 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding and treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a remarkable challenge for both scientists and physicians. Although the amyloid-beta and tau protein hypothesis have largely explained the key pathological features of the disease, the mechanisms by which such proteins accumulate and lead to disease progression are still unknown. Such lack of understanding disrupts the development of disease-modifying interventions, leaving a therapeutic gap that remains unsolved. Nonetheless, the recent discoveries of the glymphatic pathway and the meningeal lymphatic system as key components driving central solute clearance revealed another mechanism underlying AD pathogenesis. In this regard, this narrative review integrates the glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic systems as essential components involved in AD pathogenesis. Moreover, it discusses the emerging evidence suggesting that nutritional supplementation, non-invasive brain stimulation, and traditional Chinese medicine can improve the pathophysiology of the disease by increasing glymphatic and/or meningeal lymphatic function. Given that physical exercise is a well-regarded preventive and pro-cognitive intervention for dementia, we summarize the evidence suggesting the glymphatic system as a mediating mechanism of the physical exercise therapeutic effects in AD. Targeting these central solute clearance systems holds the promise of more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Formolo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, S.A.R, China
- Research Institute for Smart Ageing (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| | - Jiasui Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, S.A.R, China
- Research Institute for Smart Ageing (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| | - Kangguang Lin
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hector W H Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, S.A.R, China
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| | - Haining Ou
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Georg S Kranz
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, S.A.R, China
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, S.A.R, China.
- Research Institute for Smart Ageing (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China.
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China.
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