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Lu M, Wang X, Ye H, Wang H, Qiu S, Zhang H, Liu Y, Luo J, Feng J. Does public fear that bats spread COVID-19 jeopardize bat conservation? BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 2021; 254:108952. [PMID: 33518772 PMCID: PMC7837179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.108952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
With >1 400 species, bats comprise the second-largest order of mammals and provide critical ecological services as insect consumers, pollinators, and seed dispersers. Yet, bats are frequently associated with infectious human diseases such as SARS, MERS, and Ebola. As early as the end of January 2020, several virological studies have suggested bats as a probable origin for SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. How does the public view the role of bats in COVID-19? Here we report pilot data collected shortly after the outbreak of COVID-19 using two online surveys, combined with a conservation intervention experiment, primarily on people who are receiving or have received higher education in China. We found that 84% of the participants of an online survey (n = 13 589) have misunderstood the relationship between bats and COVID-19, which strengthened negative attitudes towards bats. Knowledge of bats, gender, and education level of the participants affected their attitudes towards bats. Participants who indicated a better knowledge of bats had a more positive attitude towards bats. The proportion of female participants who had negative attitudes towards bats was higher than that of male participants. Participants with a higher education level indicated a more positive attitude towards bats after the outbreak of COVID-19. A specially prepared bat conservation lecture improved peoples' knowledge of bats and the positive attitudes, but failed to correct the misconception that bats transmit SARS-CoV-2 to humans directly. We suggest that the way virologists frame the association of bats with diseases, the countless frequently inaccurate media coverages, and the natural perceptual bias of bats carrying and transmitting diseases to humans contributed to the misunderstandings. This probably led to a rise in the events of evicting bats from dwellings and structures by humans and the legislative proposal for culling disease-relevant wildlife in China. A better understanding of the relationship between disease, wildlife and human health could help guide the public and policymakers in an improved program for bat conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Lu
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xindong Wang
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shan Qiu
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hongmao Zhang
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jinhong Luo
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Rahman MS, Overgaard HJ, Pientong C, Mayxay M, Ekalaksananan T, Aromseree S, Phanthanawiboon S, Zafar S, Shipin O, Paul RE, Phommachanh S, Pongvongsa T, Vannavong N, Haque U. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on climate change and dengue in Lao People's Democratic Republic and Thailand. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 193:110509. [PMID: 33245883 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is linked with climate change in tropical and sub-tropical countries including the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) and Thailand. Knowledge about these issues and preventive measures can affect the incidence and outbreak risk of dengue. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among urban and rural communities and government officials about climate change and dengue in Laos and Thailand. METHODS A cross-sectional KAP survey about climate change and dengue were conducted in 360 households in Laos (180 urban and 180 rural), 359 households in Thailand (179 urban and 180 rural), and 20 government officials (10 in each country) using structured questionnaires. Data analysis was undertaken using descriptive methods, principal component analysis (PCA), Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test (as appropriate), and logistic regression. RESULTS Significant differences among the selected communities in both countries were found in terms of household participant's age, level of education, socioeconomic status, attitude level of climate change and KAP level of dengue (P < 0.05; 95% CI). Overall, participants' KAP about climate change and dengue were low except the attitude level for dengue in both countries. The level of awareness among government officials regarding the climatic relationship with dengue was also low. In Lao households, participants' knowledge about climate change and dengue was significantly associated with the level of education and socioeconomic status (SES) (P < 0.01). Their attitudes towards climate change and dengue were associated with educational level and internet use (P < 0.05). Householders' climate change related practices were associated with SES (P < 0.01) and dengue related practices were associated with educational level, SES, previous dengue experience and internet use (P < 0.01). In Thailand, participants' knowledge about climate change was associated with the level of education and SES (P < 0.01). Their attitudes towards climate change were associated with residence status (urban/rural) and internet use (P < 0.05); climate change related practices were associated with educational level and SES (P < 0.05). Dengue related knowledge of participants was associated with SES and previous dengue experience (P < 0.05); participants' dengue related attitudes and practices were associated with educational level (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The findings call for urgently needed integrated awareness programs to increase KAP levels regarding climate change adaptation, mitigation and dengue prevention to improve the health and welfare of people in these two countries, and similar dengue-endemic countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Siddikur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Statistics, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Hans J Overgaard
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway.
| | - Chamsai Pientong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Mayfong Mayxay
- Institute of Research and Education Development (IRED), University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao Democratic People's Republic; Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Vientiane, Lao Democratic People's Republic; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tipaya Ekalaksananan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Aromseree
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supranee Phanthanawiboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Oleg Shipin
- Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Richard E Paul
- Institut Pasteur, Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, UMR 2000 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Sysavanh Phommachanh
- Institute of Research and Education Development (IRED), University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao Democratic People's Republic
| | - Tiengkham Pongvongsa
- Savannakhet Provincial Health Office, Savannakhet Province, Lao Democratic People's Republic
| | | | - Ubydul Haque
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, North, TX, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
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Hamza MS, Badary OA, Elmazar MM. Cross-Sectional Study on Awareness and Knowledge of COVID-19 Among Senior pharmacy Students. J Community Health 2021; 46:139-146. [PMID: 32542552 PMCID: PMC7295146 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extraordinary actions have been implemented in an effort to control the rapid spread of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Egypt. People's adherence to control measures is influenced by their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards the disease. Therefore, in the present study we assessed pharmacy senior students' knowledge, attitudes and practices towards the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was created and it consisted of 12 questions testing their knowledge about COVID-19 clinical characteristics, transmission routes and prevention and control steps. Among senior pharmacy students (n = 238), 70% were females and 63% were living in greater Cairo. Their main source of information included social media (70%), published articles (48%) and television (48%). The overall correct knowledge score was 83%. Most of the students displayed a good COVID-19 knowledge level (72.5% of the students). The students were least informed when trying to answer questions about hyper-coagulation, as a major cause for death in patients with severe COVID-19, and about the timings on the necessity to wear masks. Assessment of students' attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 reflected that 87% of them were confident that health care teams and scientists could win the fight against the virus. In addition, 72% of students agreed that COVID-19 will be controlled successfully. The greater the students' knowledge, the more confident they felt that COVID-19 will be controlled successfully (OR 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-4.72). Good behavioral practice towards COVID-19 control was confirmed when 87% of students answered that they didn't go out to any crowded place. Females were 3.6 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-3.11) more likely to avoid going out than males. Bad behavioral practice became evident when approximately 50% of students admitted that they did not wear masks when they left their house. Therefore, more efforts should be taken to protect future pharmacists from this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa S Hamza
- Clinical Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt.
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt.
| | - Osama A Badary
- Clinical Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elmazar
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, P.O. Box 43, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
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Chan EYY, Lo ESK, Huang Z, Lam HCY, Yeung MPS, Kwok KO, Hung KKC, Tse SLA. Sociodemographic predictors of knowledge, mosquito bite patterns and protective behaviors concerning vector borne disease: The case of dengue fever in Chinese subtropical city, Hong Kong. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008993. [PMID: 33465094 PMCID: PMC7846016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Geographic pattern of dengue fever is changing due to the global environmental and climate changes in the 21st century. Evidence of community's knowledge, mosquito bite patterns and protective behavior practices in non-endemic regions is limited. This study examined the knowledge of dengue, mosquito bite patterns, protective behavior practices and their associated factors in Hong Kong, a non-endemic subtropical city. A population-based random telephone survey (n = 590) was conducted three weeks after the government announcement of a local dengue outbreak in August 2018. Sociodemographic status, awareness, knowledge, protective measures, bite patterns of mosquito were collected. Results indicated high level of community awareness of the local outbreak (95.2%), symptom identification (84.0%) and adoption of at least one mosquito protective measures (nearly 80%). About 40% of respondents reported that they were bitten by mosquitoes during the study period, a high mosquito season in Hong Kong. Mosquito bites were prevalent near grassy area (63.4%), at home (42.6%) and at public transportation waiting spots (39.6%). Younger people (< 25 years old), female, those who lived on lower floors (≤the 6th) and near grassy area were at higher risk of mosquito bites at home. Respondents perceived higher threat of dengue to society were more likely to practice mosquito prevention. While residential factors affected their indoor prevention, other socio-demographic factors affected the outdoor prevention. Practicing prevention behaviors were associated with self-reported mosquito bite at home. Furthermore, the general prevention uptake rate unchanged after the announcement of local dengue outbreak. Although the uptake rate of protective measures during August was high, 40% participants reported they were bitten. Also public locations are more common area for bites, which suggested stronger mosquito prevention and control on public environments and more personal protective behaviors should be advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ying Yang Chan
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Eugene Siu Kai Lo
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Holly Ching Yu Lam
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - May Pui-shan Yeung
- Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC), JC (Jockey Club) School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kin-on Kwok
- JC (Jockey Club) School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kevin Kei Ching Hung
- Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shelly Lap-ah Tse
- JC (Jockey Club) School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Kazaura M. Knowledge, attitude and practices about dengue fever among adults living in Pwani Region, Tanzania in 2019. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:1601-1609. [PMID: 34394220 PMCID: PMC8351831 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever (DF) is currently widespread in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Among the triggers of epidemic include urbanization and internal migrations. Within the past few years, there have been DF outbreaks in Tanzania. Although Pwani region is among the predicted risk areas for the DF, there is insufficient data about people's knowledge, attitude and practices towards prevention of DF in their settings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practices about DF among adults in Pwani region in Tanzania. METHODS The cross-sectional study conducted in Mkuranga District, Pwani region in Tanzania. We used face-to-face interviews to collect data. The main analytical procedure was descriptive using frequencies. RESULTS The majority, 97.7%, were aware of DF. Nevertheless, almost 80% had a low knowledge on symptoms, transmission and vector control measures. Furthermore, less than 20% had positive attitude towards dengue fever prevention, severity of the illness and health seeking behavior. CONCLUSION Lack of enough knowledge and positive attitude about disease transmission, symptoms and preventive measures put the population at high risk of contracting the disease. There is need to create and improve friendly, correct and simple information, education and education messages for the rural populations.
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Bashar K, Mahmud S, Asaduzzaman, Tusty EA, Zaman AB. Knowledge and beliefs of the city dwellers regarding dengue transmission and their relationship with prevention practices in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2020; 1:100051. [PMID: 36101699 PMCID: PMC9461599 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2020.100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Aldeib AF, Saied SM. Dengue fever awareness: effect of an educational intervention on nursing students, Tanta, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:37540-37548. [PMID: 31997250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever (DF) is one of the world's most important vector-borne illnesses. In 2017, Egypt experienced a dengue outbreak. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students regarding DF and the effectiveness of an education intervention to improve students' knowledge and attitude. An intervention study was conducted among 4th year nursing students of Tanta Faculty of Nursing using a self-administered predesigned validated questionnaire before and after introducing an educational session. The main DF information sources were formal teaching, social networks, television, and physicians. Less than half of the students (45.5%) had "good" knowledge grade after the intervention compared with only 7.2% in the pre-test. The students' knowledge and attitude improved after the application of the intervention session. The positive impact of the educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding DF and its prevention among the target group revealed the importance of the inclusion of teaching materials about DF into the students' curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz F Aldeib
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Saied
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Kasemy ZA, Bahbah WA, Zewain SK, Haggag MG, Alkalash SH, Zahran E, Desouky DE. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward COVID-19 among Egyptians. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2020; 10:378-385. [PMID: 33009730 PMCID: PMC7758851 DOI: 10.2991/jegh.k.200909.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a public Health Emergency of International Concern. The aim of this work was to assess the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among Egyptians toward COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1st to April 1st, on 3712 participants of different ages and sex. An author designed KAP questionnaire toward COVID-19 administered online and personally was delivered. Satisfactory knowledge, positive attitude and good practice were reported among 70.2%, 75.9% and 49.2% of the participants respectively. Middle-aged participants reported high knowledge and attitude levels with poor practice level (p < 0.001). Females reported high knowledge and practice levels and low attitude (p < 0.001 and p = 0.041 respectively). Despite reporting high knowledge and attitude among urban residents (p < 0.001), practice level was high among rural residents (p = 0.001). Post-graduate education reported the highest levels of KAP (p < 0.001). Rural residents, working and non-enough income participants reported lower level of practice (p < 0.001). Logistic regression was carried out. It was found that unsatisfactory knowledge was associated with low education [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.51–2.56], and of rural residency (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.05–1.41). Negative attitude was associated with not working (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.61–2.35) and not enough income (OR = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.10–1.51 respectively). Poor practice is associated with young age (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.94–2.98) and low education (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03–1.37) and not working (OR = 4.95, 95% CI: 4.07–6.02). Satisfactory knowledge, positive attitude and poor practice were found among the participants. A good knowledge and lower practice level were found among middle-aged, working participants, and participants with insufficient income. The demographic characters associated with KAP could be the cornerstone in directing policy-makers to target the health education campaigns to the suitable target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab A Kasemy
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia Governorate, Shebeen Alkoom 32511, Egypt
| | - Wael A Bahbah
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia Governorate, Shebeen Alkoom 32511, Egypt
| | - Shimaa K Zewain
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia Governorate, Shebeen Alkoom 32511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed G Haggag
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia Governorate, Shebeen Alkoom 32511, Egypt
| | - Safa H Alkalash
- Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia Governorate, Shebeen Alkoom 32511, Egypt
| | - Enas Zahran
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia Governorate, Shebeen Alkoom 32511, Egypt
| | - Dalia E Desouky
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia Governorate, Shebeen Alkoom 32511, Egypt
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Kabir KMA, Hagishima A, Tanimoto J. Hypothetical assessment of efficiency, willingness-to-accept and willingness-to-pay for dengue vaccine and treatment: a contingent valuation survey in Bangladesh. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 17:773-784. [PMID: 32820987 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1796424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2019, Bangladesh has grappled with a record-breaking surge in dengue fever, experiencing the highest number of dengue cases since the year 2000. Together, the intensification of dengue fever combined with a lack of dengue vaccines and appropriate medicines is expected to further the public and government's interests in appropriate and potential dengue vaccines to control the epidemic. We considered people's characteristics, dengue experience, and knowledge to assess their willingness-to-accept (WTA) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a hypothetical dengue vaccine and ex-post treatment in Bangladesh (June-July 2019). This study implemented a contingent valuation (CV) method with 3,251 respondents in 10 different locations of Bangladesh. All respondents participated in a hypothetical dengue vaccine scenario consisting of 65% (vaccine A), 80% (vaccine B), and 95% (vaccine C) effectiveness levels with three doses of each vaccine and ex-post dengue treatment. Around 71.2% of respondents were willing to pay for at least one of the hypothetical vaccines: A, B, or C. The average WTPs of the three vaccines amounted to US$ 47.0, US$ 66.0, and US$ 89.0, which were defined as the total cost of the doses necessary to obtain immunity. In Bangladesh, there is a significant demand for low-priced dengue vaccines, which was proven by people's higher acceptance of vaccination practices. Though dengue vaccines are not yet available in Bangladesh, this study provides significant support that both the government and private sectors should work together to develop a reliable and affordable dengue vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Ariful Kabir
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Mathematics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aya Hagishima
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka, Japan.,Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Tanimoto
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka, Japan.,Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka, Japan
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Selvarajoo S, Liew JWK, Tan W, Lim XY, Refai WF, Zaki RA, Sethi N, Wan Sulaiman WY, Lim YAL, Vadivelu J, Vythilingam I. Knowledge, attitude and practice on dengue prevention and dengue seroprevalence in a dengue hotspot in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9534. [PMID: 32533017 PMCID: PMC7293214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue has become a global public health problem. Despite reactive efforts by the government in Malaysia, the dengue cases are on the increase. Adequate knowledge, positive attitude and correct practice for dengue control are essential to stamp out the disease. Hence, this study aims to assess the factors associated with dengue knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP), as well as the association with dengue IgM and IgG seropositivity. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a closed, dengue endemic area with multi-storey dwellings . Five hundred individuals (aged 18 years and above) were approached for pre-tested KAP and seroprevalences assessment. The study showed only half of the total participants have good knowledge (50.7%) but they had insufficient knowledge about dengue during pregnancy. 53.2% of people had poor attitude and 50.2% reported poor practice for dengue control. Out of 85 respondents who agreed to participate in the dengue seroprevalence study, 74.1% (n = 63) were positive for dengue IgG and 7.1% (n = 6) were positive for dengue IgM. Among all sociodemographic variable, race is the only independent predicator for all KAP levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, proactive and sustainable efforts are needed to bring a behavioural change among communities in order to fight dengue outbreaks in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaneswari Selvarajoo
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jonathan Wee Kent Liew
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wing Tan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xin Ying Lim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wardha F Refai
- Postgraduate Institute of Medicine (PGIM), Colombo, 7, Sri Lanka
| | - Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Neha Sethi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yusoff Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yvonne Ai Lian Lim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Indra Vythilingam
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Suwantika AA, Kautsar AP, Supadmi W, Zakiyah N, Abdulah R, Ali M, Postma MJ. Cost-Effectiveness of Dengue Vaccination in Indonesia: Considering Integrated Programs with Wolbachia-Infected Mosquitos and Health Education. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124217. [PMID: 32545688 PMCID: PMC7345186 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that morbidity and mortality rates due to dengue infection in Indonesia are relatively high, a dengue vaccination has not yet been introduced. Next to vaccination, Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes and health education have been considered to be potential interventions to prevent dengue infection in Indonesia. This study was aimed to analyse the cost-effectiveness of dengue vaccination in Indonesia whilst taking Wolbachia and health education programs into account. An age-structured decision tree model was developed to assess the cost-effectiveness. Approximately 4,701,100 children were followed-up in a 10-year time horizon within a 1-year analytical cycle. We compared three vaccination strategies: one focussing on vaccination only, another combining vaccination and a Wolbachia program, and a third scenario combining vaccination and health education. All scenarios were compared with a no-intervention strategy. The result showed that only vaccination would reduce dengue fever (DF), dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) by 123,203; 97,140 and 283 cases, respectively. It would save treatment cost at $10.3 million and $6.2 million from the healthcare and payer perspectives, respectively. The combination of vaccination and a Wolbachia program would reduce DF, DHF and DSS by 292,488; 230,541; and 672 cases, respectively. It would also save treatment cost at $24.3 million and $14.6 million from the healthcare and payer perspectives, respectively. The combination of vaccination and health education would reduce DF, DHF, and DSS by 187,986; 148,220; and 432 cases, respectively. It would save treatment cost at $15.6 million and $9.4 million from the healthcare and payer perspectives, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) from the healthcare perspective were estimated to be $9995, $4460, and $6399 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained for the respective scenarios. ICERs from the payer perspective were slightly higher. It can be concluded that vaccination combined with a Wolbachia program was confirmed to be the most cost-effective intervention. Dengue infection rate, vaccine efficacy, cost of Wolbachia program, underreporting factor for hospitalization, vaccine price and mortality rate were considered to be the most influential parameters affecting the ICERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auliya A Suwantika
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Angga P Kautsar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacy Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Unit of Global Health, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Woro Supadmi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia
| | - Neily Zakiyah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Maarten J Postma
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Unit of Pharmaco-Therapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- Department of Economics, Econometrics & Finance, Faculty of Economics & Business, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AE, The Netherlands
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Maharajan MK, Rajiah K, Belotindos JAS, Basa MS. Social Determinants Predicting the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Women Toward Zika Virus Infection. Front Public Health 2020; 8:170. [PMID: 32582602 PMCID: PMC7286053 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the factors predicting knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward Zika virus infection among women population in Cebu City, Philippines. Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March 2018 to May 2018. Ethical practices were followed. A total of 702 women was approached and finally 516 completed the survey. Methods: Descriptive analysis was undertaken for the participants' characteristics. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to declare the nature of data distribution. To determine the role of socio-demographic characteristics on KAP, differences in socio-demographic status were compared with the KAP scores using the one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test with p < 0.05 as significant. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of each KAP domain (good and poor). Results: There was a significant positive correlation between level of education and KAP scores. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between employment and KAP scores. Knowledge score was a significant predictor of practice score (b = 1.261, p = 0.024), and attitude score was also a significant predictor of practice score (b = 0.183, p = 0.039). However, knowledge score was not a significant predictor of attitude score (b = 0.316, p = 0.247). Conclusions: The present findings provided an overall view of KAP on Zika virus infection among females in Philippines and the socio-demographic factors that affected their KAP. Women with postgraduate education and being in higher profession were the predictors influencing the KAP scores of this female population. Women with postgraduate education was the strongest predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kannan Maharajan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kingston Rajiah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jo-Ann Singco Belotindos
- Master in Pharmacy Practice, School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- College of Pharmacy, Southwestern University PHINMA, Cebu, Philippines
| | - Marilou S. Basa
- College of Pharmacy, Southwestern University PHINMA, Cebu, Philippines
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Alghazali KA, Teoh BT, Sam SS, Abd-Jamil J, Johari J, Atroosh WM, Mahdy MA, AbuBakar S. Dengue fever among febrile patients in Taiz City, Yemen during the 2016 war: Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and patients knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the disease. One Health 2020; 9:100119. [PMID: 32368608 PMCID: PMC7184203 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2019.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The current war in Yemen has displaced millions of people from their homes into living in cramped shelters where the healthcare is limited. The breakdown of Yemen's healthcare and sanitation systems has facilitated the spread of infectious diseases including mosquito-borne diseases. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence of dengue virus (DENV) infection among the febrile patients of the Taiz governorate, Yemen as well as their knowledge, attitude and preventive practices (KAPs) regarding dengue fever (DF), and to investigate the factors associated with dengue preventive practices during the war. A total of 384 clinically dengue-suspected patients who sought health care in Taiz, Yemen during the period from July 2016 until October 2016 were recruited for the study. Serum samples were obtained and screened for the presence of DENV RNA and anti-DENV antibodies by reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) and dengue IgM/IgG-capture ELISA, respectively. KAP questionnaires were obtained from all participants too. In the study, dengue was laboratory confirmed in approximately 49.3% (189/384) of the clinically suspected dengue patients. In general, 67.1% of the patients had low knowledge scores regarding DF. Low scores for knowledge about DF was significantly associated with those in the age groups of ≤20 years and 21-30 years, illiterates and patients with non-skilled jobs or jobless. The most common preventive practices reported by participants were covering stored water (78.6%) and putting a screen on the house's windows (65.3%). A low proportion of participants (6.7%) had 51-100% of good DF preventive practices. Low scores of positive attitudes toward DF was identified as a risk factor. The study participants showed poor knowledge about DF and their ways of dealing with the various aspects of DF prevention was quite limited, hence, preventive measures against the disease were less likely to be undertaken. Findings from the study highlight the peril of dengue in Taiz, Yemen, which is now comparable to that of endemic regions. The ongoing civil war with disruption in regular health services compounded by the low knowledge about DF as well as the limited DF preventive practices could result in entrenchment of dengue in Yemen.
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Affiliation(s)
- KhairAlah A. Alghazali
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Boon-Teong Teoh
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sing-Sin Sam
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juraina Abd-Jamil
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jefree Johari
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wahib M. Atroosh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Para-Clinic, University of Aden, Yemen
| | - Mohammed A.K. Mahdy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Yemen
- Tropical Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Sazaly AbuBakar
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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School-based health education for dengue control in Kelantan, Malaysia: Impact on knowledge, attitude and practice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008075. [PMID: 32218580 PMCID: PMC7141698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The massive flood in Malaysia’s east coast in December 2014 has placed Kelantan in a possible dengue outbreak risk. At this point, community awareness is essential in preventing disease spread. However, no data on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of dengue in Kelantan have existed in relevance to flood disaster, although such information is necessary for the vector control programs. The purpose of this study is to assess the KAP regarding dengue among school children from flooded and unflooded areas and to evaluate the effectiveness of the dengue health education program in improving their KAP level. A school-based pre- and post-tests design was utilized in this study whereby a booklet on dengue was distributed during the interphase of the tests. The information collected was on the socio-demographic, KAP and the source of dengue information. We statistically compared the KAP between the two study sites and the pre- and post-test scores to evaluate the health education program. A total of 203 students participated in the survey, and 51.7% of them were flood victims. When comparing the baseline KAP, the respondents from the unflooded area had higher knowledge scores compared to those from the flooded area (P<0.05), while non-significant differences were observed in the attitude and practice between the two study areas (P>0.05). The health education program significantly improved knowledge and practice in the flooded area and knowledge only in the unflooded area (P<0.05). The multinomial regression analysis suggests that age and dengue history are the primary determinants that influence the high practice level in both areas. We suggest the need to increase routine dengue health education programs to all age groups targeting both high and low dengue risk areas, and the necessity to ensure the translation of positive knowledge and attitude changes into real dengue preventive practices. The KAP research design is widely used in diagnosing the current awareness of any diseases and to evaluate the efficiency of any health-related treatments or intervention programs. Until date, such KAP assessment and health education programs regarding dengue in the disaster-affected region are relatively rare, especially in Malaysia. Providing health education to the community is as important as other vector control strategies such as source reduction and insecticide spraying because none of these will be successful without community involvement is disease prevention. The massive flood that struck the east coast region of Malaysia poses a possible threat in Kelantan for dengue transmission. Dengue KAP assessment associated with health education for the community at risk is essential to find the gaps in the community and also to ensure their understanding in vector biology, disease spread mechanisms and key behaviors that need to be adopted in order to prevent the spread of dengue. The study provides useful content and knowledge that could guide local authorities and health officials to plan and execute health education programs to disaster-affected populations and also unaffected populations to prevent and control dengue.
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Dengue Fever among Pediatric and Adult In-Patients in Metro Manila, Philippines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234705. [PMID: 31779171 PMCID: PMC6926575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of in-patients with dengue fever (DF) through hospital-based surveillance has not been done. This study aimed to assess and compare the KAP, identify its predictors, correlation, and protective factors among pediatric and adult patients with DF and community-based controls to structure proactive community-wide DF prevention and control programs. Methods: This case-control study involved clinically or serologically confirmed patients (pediatrics n = 233; adults n = 17) with DF admitted in three public hospitals and community-based controls in Metro Manila, Philippines. A pretested structured KAP questionnaire was administered to participants to assess their KAP. Results: Pediatric and adult patients had significantly lower mean scores in the practice (p < 0.001) domain compared with the pediatric and adult controls. Being in senior high school, having had days in hospital, and rash were predictors of KAP among pediatric patients. Knowledge and attitude of patients with DF did not correlate with their practices against DF. Use of mosquito-eating fish, screen windows, and dengue vaccine were protective factors against DF. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of behavioral change for knowledge and attitude to have significant effect to practices against DF. Thus, we recommend two comprehensive health programs, Communication for Behavioral Impact (COMBI) and Health Belief Model (HBM).
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Bhattarai AH, Sanjaya GY, Khadka A, Kumar R, Ahmad RA. The addition of mobile SMS effectively improves dengue prevention practices in community: an implementation study in Nepal. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:699. [PMID: 31615484 PMCID: PMC6794782 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue is an emerging vector disease with frequent outbreaks in Nepal that pose a major threat to public health. Dengue control activities are mostly outbreak driven, and still lack systematic interventions while most people have poor health-related knowledge and practices. Mobile Short Message Service (SMS) represents a low-cost health promotion intervention that can enhance the dengue prevention knowledge and practices of the affected communities. This study aimed to explore the acceptability, appropriateness, and effectiveness of mobile SMS intervention in improving dengue control practices. Methods This study was an implementation research that used mixed-methods design with intervention. A total of 300 households were divided into three groups, i.e. one control group, one dengue prevention leaflet (DPL) only intervention group and one DPL with mobile SMS intervention group (DPL + SMS). We used a structured questionnaire to collect information regarding participants’ knowledge and practice of dengue prevention. We conducted in-depth interviews with key informants to measure acceptability and appropriateness of intervention. Mean difference with standard deviation (SD), one-way ANOVA, paired t-test and regression analyses were used to assess the effectiveness of the interventions. Thematic analysis was used to assess the acceptability, and appropriateness as well as barriers and enablers of the intervention. Results The DPL + SMS intervention produced significantly higher mean knowledge difference (32.7 ± 13.7 SD vs. 13.3 ± 8.8 SD) and mean practice difference (27.9 ± 11.4 SD vs 4.9 ± 5.4 SD) compared to the DPL only group (p = 0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that the DPL + SMS intervention was effective to increase knowledge by 28.6 points and practice by 28.1 points compared to the control group. The intervention was perceived as acceptable and appropriate by the study participants and key stakeholders. Perceived barriers included reaching private network users and poor network in geographically remote areas, while enabling factors included mobile phone penetration, low cost, and shared responsibility. Conclusions Mobile SMS is an effective, acceptable and appropriate health intervention to improve dengue prevention practices in communities. This intervention can be adopted as a promising tool for health education against dengue and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashmin Hari Bhattarai
- International Master Programme in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Guardian Yoki Sanjaya
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anil Khadka
- Department of Public Health, Nobel College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Randeep Kumar
- International Master Programme in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Riris Andono Ahmad
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Level of Awareness of Dengue Disease among School Children in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka, and Effect of School-Based Health Education Programmes on Improving Knowledge and Practices. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3092073. [PMID: 31321232 PMCID: PMC6607720 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3092073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Limited awareness and nonsystematized health education programmes have contributed adversely to the increase in dengue incidence at schools due to limited attention which has positively contributed to the increase in vector receptivity. The current study was conducted to evaluate the existing level of awareness of dengue infection among a selected group of school children and to assess the effectiveness of dengue awareness programmes to improve the existing knowledge and preventive practices on dengue. Methods A cohort of 2,194 students (13-15 years old) from 10 schools at Kelaniya educational zone, Gampaha District, Western Province of Sri Lanka, was enrolled for the current study, which was conducted during 2015-2016. A self-administered questionnaire, comprising 20 questions, was used to evaluate the present knowledge of the students on various aspects of dengue. A structured awareness programme (2 hours) was conducted for students, followed by a reassessment. General Linear Model (GLM) and chi-square test of independence were used to investigate the variations in knowledge levels. Results The majority of students were characterized by "Good" (46.31%, n= 1016) and "Moderate" (42.62%, n= 935) awareness, while only 2.92% (n= 64) of students fell into the "Excellent" (>80%) category prior to the awareness programme. Even though, existing knowledge of students about dengue ranged between "Moderate" and "Good" categories, awareness of "symptoms & patient care" and "control & prevention practices" were limited. After the programme, the awareness level reached the "Excellent" (41.84%, n=918) level indicating a significant increase by 38.92%, according to the chi-square test (p<0.05 at 95% level of confidence). Conclusion We recommend implementing school-based educational programmes in order to raise the awareness and to translate knowledge into sound practice to control dengue disease epidemics in these areas.
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Verma R, Bhalla K, Dhankar M, Kumar R, Dhaka R, Agrawal G. Practices and knowledge regarding dengue infection among the rural community of Haryana. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:1752-1754. [PMID: 31198749 PMCID: PMC6559082 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_6_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The dengue infection has become a major global public health problem and 40% of the world's population living in an area at risk for dengue and causing nearly 400 million infections every year. There is no specific treatment for dengue, but if there is proper case management then case fatality rates can be below 1%. Aim and Objectives: To study the knowledge and practice about dengue fever in a rural community of Haryana. Methodology: The study recruited 400 adults (15-60 years) and all subjects were selected randomly from survey registers of eight anganwadi centres and data was collected by visiting house to house. Results: The association between demographic variables and knowledge about dengue fever and found out that only caste wise and socio-economic wise were found to be statistically significant rest associations were found to be statistically non-significant. Conclusion and Recommendations: There is a need of hour to make rural people aware of symptoms of DF and different preventive methods through mass media like television, newspapers, internet, social media etc or audio visual aids or through primary care physician
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Raj Kumar
- Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Rinchen S, Tenzin T, Hall D, van der Meer F, Sharma B, Dukpa K, Cork S. A community-based knowledge, attitude, and practice survey on rabies among cattle owners in selected areas of Bhutan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007305. [PMID: 30933984 PMCID: PMC6459539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies remains a disease of significant zoonotic and economic concern in rabies endemic areas of Bhutan. Rabies outbreaks in livestock threaten the livelihoods of subsistence farming communities and pose a potential public health threat. As a part of identifying approaches to prevent rabies in cattle, a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey was conducted among cattle owners in selected rural areas of the southern rabies high-risk zone and low-risk zone in eastern Bhutan. Between March and April 2017, 562 cattle owners (281 in the east and 281 in the south) were interviewed using a questionnaire. Eighty-eight percent of the participants had heard of rabies but only 39% of the participants who had heard of rabies had adequate knowledge about rabies. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that residing in the south [OR = 9.25 (95% CI: 6.01-14.53)] and having seen a rabies case [OR = 2.46 (95% CI: 1.6-3.82)] were significantly associated with having adequate knowledge about rabies. Based on our scoring criteria, 65% of the total participants who had heard of rabies had a favorable attitude towards rabies control and prevention programs. The participants residing in the east were two times more likely to have a favourable attitude than their counterparts in the south [OR = 2.08 (95% CI: 1.43-3.05)]. More than 70% of the participants reported engaging in farm activities such as examining the oral cavity of sick cattle and assisting cattle during parturition. Only 25% of the participants reported using personal protective equipment while undertaking these activities. Despite a high level of rabies awareness, we observed that there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge about rabies regarding susceptible hosts, transmission routes, the health outcome of rabies infection in humans, and appropriate health-seeking behaviours. This study highlights the need to strengthen rabies education programs in rural communities to address the knowledge gaps that have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangay Rinchen
- Regional Livestock Development Centre, Department of Livestock, Tsimasham, Chukha Bhutan
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tenzin Tenzin
- National Centre for Animal Health, Department of Livestock, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - David Hall
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Frank van der Meer
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Basant Sharma
- Regional Livestock Development Centre, Department of Livestock, Tsimasham, Chukha Bhutan
| | - Kinzang Dukpa
- National Centre for Animal Health, Department of Livestock, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Susan Cork
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Dengue Vector Control through Community Empowerment: Lessons Learned from a Community-Based Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16061013. [PMID: 30897770 PMCID: PMC6466136 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16061013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Effort to control dengue transmission requires community participation to ensure its sustainability. We carried out a knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) survey of dengue prevention to inform the design of a vector control intervention. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June–August 2014 among 521 households in two villages of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Demographic characteristics and KAP questions were asked using a self-managed questionnaire. Knowledge, attitudes and practice scores were summarized for the population according to sex, age, occupation and education. The average knowledge score was rather poor—3.7 out of 8—although both attitude and practice scores were good: 25.5 out of 32 and 9.2 out of 11 respectively. The best knowledge within the different groups were found among women, the age group 30–44 years, people with a university degree and government employees. Best practice scores were found among retired people and housewives. There were several significant gaps in knowledge with respect to basic dengue symptoms, preventive practices and biting and breeding habits of the Aedes mosquito. In contrast, people’s practices were considered good, although many respondents failed to recognize outdoor containers as mosquito breeding sites. Accordingly, we developed a vector control card to support people’s container cleaning practices. The card was assessed for eight consecutive weeks in 2015, with pre-post larvae positive houses and containers as primary outcome measures. The use of control cards reached a low engagement of the community. Despite ongoing campaigns aiming to engage the community in dengue prevention, knowledge levels were meagre and adherence to taught routines poor in many societal groups. To increase motivation levels, bottom-up strategies are needed to involve all community members in dengue control, not only those that already comply with best practices.
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Nguyen HV, Than PQT, Nguyen TH, Vu GT, Hoang CL, Tran TT, Truong NT, Nguyen SH, Do HP, Ha GH, Nguyen HLT, Dang AK, Do CD, Tran TH, Tran BX, Latkin CA, Ho CSH, Ho RCM. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Dengue Fever among Patients Experiencing the 2017 Outbreak in Vietnam. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16060976. [PMID: 30889912 PMCID: PMC6466316 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16060976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a gap in the literature on the understanding of the general Vietnamese population toward dengue fever (DF). This study aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes, practice (KAP) of dengue fever among Vietnamese participants and the potential associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 330 patients at the Bach Mai Hospital in Northern Vietnam. A Tobit regression model was utilized to investigate the associated factors. The average knowledge score was 4.6/19. Respondents perceived their risk of DF infection to be very low (39.5%) to low (20.7%) and had a neutral attitude about the necessity of hospitalization when being infected with DF (60.9%). A total of 17.6%, 9.8% and 6.6% of respondents reported frequently changing water, properly disposing of waste and covering water storage containers to eliminate larvae. Gender, education level, duration of illness and travel history were correlated with knowledge. Occupation, the presence of DF in the neighborhood, mosquito density at home and DF symptom severity were associated with attitudes. Occupation, mosquito density at home, type of patient, knowledge and attitudes were associated with practices. To enhance the KAP towards DF, further efforts should first be directed to improve knowledge through education, especially at the school level and people in less developed areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Van Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Phung Quoc Tat Than
- Center of Excellence in Behavior Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Tu Huu Nguyen
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Chi Linh Hoang
- Center of Excellence in Behavior Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Tung Thanh Tran
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Nu Thi Truong
- Center of Excellence in Behavior Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Son Hoang Nguyen
- Center of Excellence in Health Services and System Research, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Huyen Phuc Do
- Center of Excellence in Health Services and System Research, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
| | - Giang Hai Ha
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 55000, Vietnam.
| | - Huong Lan Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 55000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Kim Dang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 55000, Vietnam.
| | - Cuong Duy Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Tung Hoang Tran
- Department of Lower Limb Surgery, Vietnam-Germany Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Cyrus S H Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
| | - Roger C M Ho
- Center of Excellence in Behavior Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam.
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
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Mulchandani R, Massebo F, Bocho F, Jeffries CL, Walker T, Messenger LA. A community-level investigation following a yellow fever virus outbreak in South Omo Zone, South-West Ethiopia. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6466. [PMID: 30809451 PMCID: PMC6387579 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the availability of a highly effective vaccine, yellow fever virus (YFV) remains an important public health problem across Africa and South America due to its high case-fatality rate. This study investigated the historical epidemiology and contemporary entomological and social determinants of a YFV outbreak in South Omo Zone (SOZ), Ethiopia. METHODS A YFV outbreak occurred in SOZ, Ethiopia in 2012-2014. Historical epidemiological data were retrieved from the SOZ Health Department and analyzed. Entomological sampling was undertaken in 2017, including mosquito species identification and molecular screening for arboviruses to understand mosquito habitat distribution, and finally current knowledge, attitudes and preventative practices within the affected communities were assessed. RESULTS From October 2012 to March 2014, 165 suspected cases and 62 deaths were reported, principally in rural areas of South Ari region (83.6%). The majority of patients were 15-44 years old (75.8%) and most case deaths were males (76%). Between June and August 2017, 688 containers were sampled across 180 households to identify key breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes. Ensete ventricosum ("false banana") and clay pots outside the home were the most productive natural and artificial breeding sites, respectively. Entomological risk indices classified most sites as "high risk" for future outbreaks under current World Health Organization criteria. Adult mosquitoes in houses were identified as members of the Aedes simpsoni complex but no YFV or other arboviruses were detected by PCR. The majority of community members had heard of YFV, however few activities were undertaken to actively reduce mosquito breeding sites. DISCUSSION Study results highlight the potential role vector control could play in mitigating local disease transmission and emphasize the urgent need to strengthen disease surveillance systems and in-country laboratory capacity to facilitate more rapid responses to future YFV outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranya Mulchandani
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK
| | - Fekadu Massebo
- Department of Biology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Fekadu Bocho
- Department of Biology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Claire L. Jeffries
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Walker
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK
| | - Louisa A. Messenger
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK
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Gong L, Song D, Lyu Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yang M, Wu J, Ma L, Xu X, Gao W, Su B. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices regarding Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Endemic Areas of Anhui Province, Eastern China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 100:652-658. [PMID: 30675836 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess baseline knowledge, attitudes, and practices about severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and identify the target population for health education programs in endemic areas of Anhui, China. This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2017. Of 752 participants, 383 (50.9%) were from Nanqiao District, 397 (52.8%) were female, and 430 (57.2%) were farmers; 37.4% had heard about SFTS, but knowledge of symptoms and signs including fever (34.2%), leukopenia (8.0%), and thrombocytopenia (10.1%) was low. Only 12.1% knew that SFTS virus is transmitted by ticks, 9.4% realized that the blood and body fluid of SFTS are infectious, and only 38.2% thought that the tick should be paralyzed using medical alcohol or iodine. Meanwhile, 61.3% wore long-sleeve clothes, whereas 20.2% used repellents. Median scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and the total score were 4.0, 6.0, 5.0, and 16.0, respectively. Knowledge was influenced by region (OR = 0.632, 95% CI: 0.399-0.999), education (OR = 0.516, 95% CI: 0.434-0.612), gender (OR = 1.865, 95% CI: 1.165-2.987), and age (OR = 3.406, 95% CI: 2.345-4.947). Education was a predictor of lack of appreciation of infection risk (OR = 0.519, 95% CI: 0.449-0.599) and practice (OR = 0.481, 95% CI: 0.396-0.584). Our findings indicate that SFTS-related health education programs are required for females; participants from Qianshan Prefecture; those with an occupation of farmer, retiree, houseworker, or unemployed; elderly participants; and those with low education. Large-scale sustainable health education programs focusing on the target populations are urgently needed in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gong
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Lyu
- Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Anqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anqing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Chuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chuzhou, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Xuancheng Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuancheng, China
| | - Jiabing Wu
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Li Ma
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Xuewei Xu
- Chuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chuzhou, China
| | - Weilin Gao
- Anqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anqing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
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Rajamoorthy Y, Taib NM, Munusamy S, Anwar S, Wagner AL, Mudatsir M, Müller R, Kuch U, Groneberg DA, Harapan H, Khin AA. Knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B among households in Malaysia: a community-based cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:47. [PMID: 30630464 PMCID: PMC6327400 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B (HepB) is a major public health concern in Malaysia yet little is known about knowledge and awareness of this infection in the country. Such information is essential for designing effective intervention strategies for HepB prevention and control. The aim of this study was to characterize knowledge and awareness regarding HepB in Malaysia and to identify their associated sociodemographic determinants. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and May 2016 in Selangor state of Malaysia. A two-stage cluster random sampling design was used and one adult member of selected households was interviewed face-to-face. Logistic regression was used to estimate the differences in knowledge and awareness between groups. RESULTS A total of 764 households completed the interviews and were included in the final analysis. Only 36.9 and 38.8% of the participants had good knowledge and awareness, respectively. The factors associated with good knowledge were being in the 35-44 year age group, Malay ethnicity, high educational attainment and high family income. Being Chinese, being older and having high educational attainment were determinants of having good awareness towards HepB. Participants who had good knowledge were 2.5 times more likely to also have good awareness (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.78-3.26, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a low level of knowledge and awareness of HepB among households in Malaysia. This finding highlights the need to improve public knowledge and awareness through well-designed programs targeting vulnerable groups in order to reduce hepatitis B virus transmission and achieve the governmental target of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health concern by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogambigai Rajamoorthy
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Accountancy and Management, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Niazlin Mohd Taib
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Subramaniam Munusamy
- School of Management and Business, Manipal International University, Putra Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | | | - Mudatsir Mudatsir
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. T. Tanoeh Abe, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Ruth Müller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Unit of Medical Entomology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ulrich Kuch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David Alexander Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. T. Tanoeh Abe, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia Australia
| | - Aye Aye Khin
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Accountancy and Management, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Malaysia
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Castro-Bonilla L, Coronel-Ruiz C, Parra-Alvarez S, Castellanos JE, Porras-Ramírez A, Velandia-Romero ML. Factors Associated with Dengue Virus Infection and Reinfection in Asymptomatic Children in Two Colombian Municipalities. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:1422-1429. [PMID: 30398143 PMCID: PMC6283502 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most important arbovirosis in the world. In this study, we assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding dengue in parents from two small Colombian municipalities in the Cundinamarca Province. Parents and their healthy children from 4 to 14 years of age were included in some public elementary schools. After a medical examination, blood samples were taken for diagnosis of dengue using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (capture immunoglobulin M and capture immunoglobulin G [IgG], indirect IgG and detection non-structural viral protein 1) and detection of viral RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, a KAP survey was applied to the children's parents or tutors. The indirect IgG test determined that of the 347 examined children, 87.9% had a previous infection with the dengue virus (DENV), 12.7% of them were positive for viral RNA (asymptomatic infection), and 32.0% presented reinfections. Risk factors evaluation showed that children aged 8 years and older living in the municipalities for more than 7 years were more likely to be infected or reinfected by DENV. In the same way, poor nutrition, lack of water supply, sewer service, or waste disposal services could raise the likelihood of dengue infections. The surveys indicated that parents have unhealthy practices and a low knowledge about the transmission of the disease, which could result in an increase of mosquito breeding sites, allowing sustained dengue transmission.
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Whiteman A, Mejia A, Hernandez I, Loaiza JR. Socioeconomic and demographic predictors of resident knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding arthropod-borne viruses in Panama. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1261. [PMID: 30428861 PMCID: PMC6236898 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We sought to identify if socioeconomic and demographic factors play a role in resident knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika in order to inform effective management procedures for disease prevention in Panama, a middle-income tropical country in Central America. All three are arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by Aedes mosquito vectors present in the focal region of Panama City, the largest city in Central America and an urban region of extreme socioeconomic polarization. Methods Between November 2017 and February 2018, we administered standardized, anonymous knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys to 263 residents split between two neighborhoods of high socioeconomic status (SES) and two neighborhoods of low SES. We then summed the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores respectively, and used linear and logistic regressions to quantify relationships with socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results Low-SES neighborhoods with high proportions of low income residents, residents over 70 years old had lower mean knowledge scores compared to other groups. Furthermore, residents in neighborhoods of low SES reported more mosquito biting relative to residents in neighborhoods of high SES, yet comparably lower level of concerns for disease transmission. Additionally, knowledge was lower for the more novel emergent threats of Chikungunya and Zika, compared to the endemic Dengue. Conclusion Findings suggest that low-SES neighborhoods with high proportions of low income, low education, and elderly residents should be targeted for outreach programs designed to prevent DENV, CHIKV, or ZIKV in Panama City. These outcomes support our initial hypotheses as lower relative knowledge and fewer practices related to the prevention of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika were found in low-SES neighborhoods. There is also a widespread lack of adequate knowledge regarding these diseases as well as low levels of concern in areas of highly reported mosquito biting. We provide suggestions for taking neighborhood socioeconomic status and specific aspects resident health literacy and attitude into account for creating more effective outreach campaigns as both endemic and novel arthropod-borne disease rates continue to increase throughout Latin America. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6172-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Whiteman
- Department of Geography & Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA. .,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama.
| | - A Mejia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), P.O. Box 0843-01103, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - I Hernandez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), P.O. Box 0843-01103, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - J R Loaiza
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama.,Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), P.O. Box 0843-01103, Panamá, República de Panamá.,Programa Centroamericano de Maestría en Entomología, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City, República de Panamá
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HOLAKOUIE-NAIENI K, RAZA O, NEMATOLLAHI S, EMMANUEL MENSAH L, MEMON J, MHAJABIN S. Knowledge, Attitude, Practice of Dengue Fever and Its Related Factors among International Students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 47:1777-1779. [PMID: 30581801 PMCID: PMC6294857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Vaccine Demand and Willingness-to-pay for Arbovirus Vaccines: A Cross-sectional Survey in Rural Guatemala. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018; 37:1184-1189. [PMID: 30153226 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arboviruses including dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika cause significant morbidity in Latin America. With multiple arbovirus vaccines in development, better understanding of community attitudes and acceptability for these vaccines is needed. METHODS In September 2016, a cross-sectional survey assessed arbovirus knowledge, attitudes, vaccine demand and willingness-to-pay (WTP) at the conclusion of a DENV/norovirus surveillance study in rural Guatemala with high arbovirus endemicity. Factors associated with vaccine demand and WTP were assessed with regression analysis. RESULTS Among 564 surveyed households, DENV knowledge was high. There was great concern for arboviruses, particularly CHIKV. Overall vaccine attitudes were positive with <5% identifying significant barriers, hesitancy or refusing previous vaccination. At 50% and 75% efficacy, 75% and 88% of respondents wanted arbovirus vaccines, respectively. DENV vaccine demand at 50% efficacy was associated with increased housing density, nonhealth postvaccination location, older children and medical source for information. For each vaccine, 52-55% of respondents were WTP $0-$3.40, while 16-17% were WTP ≥$6.81. WTP at $3.40 and $6.81 levels for all vaccines was associated positively with parental education but negatively with good DENV knowledge. History of purchasing and identifying barriers to vaccines was associated with WTP ≥$6.81. CONCLUSIONS Demand for potential DENV, CHIKV and Zika vaccines is high at 50% and 75% efficacy in this Guatemalan community. Associated factors could be leveraged to optimize arbovirus vaccine implementation. Overall low WTP given current cost of Dengvaxia (Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France) suggests that government subsidization may be necessary in resource-poor regions, though a small private market may be supported.
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Wan Rosli WR, Abdul Rahman S, Parhar JK, Suhaimi MI. Positive impact of educational intervention on knowledge, attitude, and practice towards dengue among university students in Malaysia. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-018-0971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Comprehensive evaluation of demographic, socio-economic and other associated risk factors affecting the occurrence of dengue incidence among Colombo and Kandy Districts of Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional study. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:478. [PMID: 30143051 PMCID: PMC6109346 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comprehensive understanding of risk factors related to socio-economic and demographic status and knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of local communities play a key role in the design and implementation of community-based vector management programmes, along with the identification of gaps in existing control activities. Methods A total of 10 Medical Officers of Health (MOH) areas recording high dengue incidence over the last five years were selected from Colombo (n = 5) and Kandy (n = 5) Districts, Sri Lanka. From each MOH area, 200 houses reporting past dengue incidence were selected randomly as test group (n = 1000 for each district) based on the dengue case records available at relevant MOH offices. Information on socio-economic and demographic status and knowledge, attitudes and practices were gathered using an interviewer administered questionnaire. The control group contained 200 households from each MOH area that had not reported any dengue case and the same questionnaire was used for the assessment (n = 1000 for each district). Statistical comparisons between the test and control groups were carried out using the Chi-square test of independence, cluster analysis, analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) and multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis. Results Significant differences among the test and control groups in terms of basic demographic and socio-economic factors, living standards, knowledge, attitude and practices, were recognized (P < 0.05 at 95% level of confidence). The test group indicated similar risk factors, while the control group also shared more or less similar characteristics as depicted by the findings of cluster analysis and ANOSIM. Findings of the present study highlight the importance of further improvement in community education, motivation and communication gaps, proper coordination and integration of control programmes with relevant entities. Key infrastructural risk factors such as urbanization and waste collection, should be further improved, while vector controlling entities should focus more on the actual conditions represented by the public on knowledge, attitudes and personal protective practices. Conclusions The design of flexible and community friendly intervention programmes to ensure the efficacy and sustainability of controlling dengue vectors through community based integrated vector management strategies, is recommended.
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Knowledge, practices and entomological aspects of dengue in Medellín, Colombia: A comparative study of neighborhoods with high and low incidence. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2018; 38:106-116. [PMID: 30184371 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v38i0.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Dengue, mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti, is a very important viral disease in terms of public health. Colombia is an endemoepidemic country for dengue and, in cities like Medellín, there are neighborhoods with high and low incidence. The disease dynamics in the neighborhoods might be determined by differences in the knowledge, practices and entomological aspects of the vector among the communities.
Objective: To identify the knowledge and practices of residents of neighborhoods with high and low incidence of dengue, and to explore the entomological aspects related to the presence of the vector.
Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study comparing two neighborhoods with high incidence and two with low incidence during the triennium of 2013-2015. A random sample of 100 houses per neighborhood was selected in order to evaluate the knowledge, practices and entomological aspects related to dengue. In addition, descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses (logistic regression) were performed.
Results: In neighborhoods with high incidence, participants had not attended school or had only a primary school level of education (OR=1.69; 95% CI: 1.09-2.63). Additionally, they did not have health coverage or belonged to the subsidized regime (OR=2.16; 95% CI: 1.41-3.32). In contrast, they had a greater knowledge of the vector (OR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.00-2.35). In terms of practices, there was a greater chance of finding houses where water was stored (OR=1.69; 95% CI: 1.11-2.57) and regarding the entomological aspects, more houses with adult mosquitoes were found (OR=2.13 95% CI: 1.29-3.50).
Conclusions: We found important differences among the neighborhoods regarding knowledge, practices, and the presence of adult stages of the vector, which helps to explain the epidemiology of dengue in these sites.
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Rahman MHAA, Hairon SM, Hamat RA, Jamaluddin TZMT, Shafei MN, Idris N, Osman M, Sukeri S, Wahab ZA, Mohammad WMZW, Idris Z, Daud A. Leptospirosis Health Intervention Module Effect on Knowledge, Attitude, Belief, and Practice among Wet Market Workers in Northeastern Malaysia: An Intervention Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1396. [PMID: 29970799 PMCID: PMC6069487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is an infectious disease which can be prevented by increasing awareness and promoting preventive health behaviours among high risk groups including wet market workers. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Leptospirosis Health Intervention Program (LHIP) in improving knowledge, attitude, belief and practice towards leptospirosis among wet market workers in Kelantan. This intervention study was conducted in two main wet markets in Kelantan involving 116 participants in each control and intervention groups. The health education intervention was based on Leptospirosis Health Intervention Module. The knowledge, attitude, belief and practice scores were measured before and six weeks after the intervention to examine the effect of the program. The results showed that knowledge (p < 0.001), attitude (p = 0.001), belief (p < 0.001) and practice (p < 0.001) scores changes were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. The adjusted mean differences were 12.93 (95% CI: 8.47, 17.39) for knowledge, 5.55 (95% CI: 2.28, 8.81) for attitude, 7.21 (95% CI: 3.43, 10.99) for belief and 7.35 (95% CI: 3.64, 11.05) for practice scores. Leptospirosis Health Intervention Program was an effective health educational tools to improve awareness and preventive behaviours among risk groups such as wet market workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suhaily Mohd Hairon
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Rukman Awang Hamat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | | | - Mohd Nazri Shafei
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Norazlin Idris
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Malina Osman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Surianti Sukeri
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Zainudin A Wahab
- Health Department of Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, Jalan Cenderasari, Kuala Lumpur 50590, Malaysia.
| | | | - Zawaha Idris
- Health Promotion Unit, Penang State Health Department, Floor 7, Bangunan Persekutuan, Jalan Anson 10400, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Aziah Daud
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
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83
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Dhimal M, Dahal S, Dhimal ML, Mishra SR, Karki KB, Aryal KK, Haque U, Kabir MI, Guin P, Butt AM, Harapan H, Liu QY, Chu C, Montag D, Groneberg DA, Pandey BD, Kuch U, Müller R. Threats of Zika virus transmission for Asia and its Hindu-Kush Himalayan region. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:40. [PMID: 29759076 PMCID: PMC5952373 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Asia and its Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region is particularly vulnerable to environmental change, especially climate and land use changes further influenced by rapid population growth, high level of poverty and unsustainable development. Asia has been a hotspot of dengue fever and chikungunya mainly due to its dense human population, unplanned urbanization and poverty. In an urban cycle, dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes which are also competent vectors of Zika virus (ZIKV). Over the last decade, DENV and CHIKV transmissions by Ae. aegypti have extended to the Himalayan countries of Bhutan and Nepal and ZIKV could follow in the footsteps of these viruses in the HKH region. The already established distribution of human-biting Aedes mosquito vectors and a naïve population with lack of immunity against ZIKV places the HKH region at a higher risk of ZIKV. Some of the countries in the HKH region have already reported ZIKV cases. We have documented an increasing threat of ZIKV in Asia and its HKH region because of the high abundance and wide distribution of human-biting mosquito vectors, climate change, poverty, report of indigenous cases in the region, increasing numbers of imported cases and a naïve population with lack of immunity against ZIKV. An outbreak anywhere is potentially a threat everywhere. Therefore, in order to ensure international health security, all efforts to prevent, detect, and respond to ZIKV ought to be intensified now in Asia and its HKH region. To prepare for possible ZIKV outbreaks, Asia and the HKH region can also learn from the success stories and strategies adopted by other regions and countries in preventing ZIKV and associated complications. The future control strategies for DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV should be considered in tandem with the threat to human well-being that is posed by other emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and zoonotic diseases, and by the continuing urgent need to strengthen public primary healthcare systems in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghnath Dhimal
- Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC), Ramshah Path, Kathmandu, Nepal. .,Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sushma Dahal
- Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC), Ramshah Path, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Faculty of Social Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Khem B Karki
- Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC), Ramshah Path, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Ubydul Haque
- Department of Public Health, Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, Ohio, USA
| | - Md Iqbal Kabir
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Pradeep Guin
- Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.,Centre for Environmental Health, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Azeem Mehmood Butt
- Translational Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Qi-Yong Liu
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, SKLID, CCID, ICDC, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Cordia Chu
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Doreen Montag
- Barts and the London School of Medicine, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - David Alexander Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Basu Dev Pandey
- Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ulrich Kuch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ruth Müller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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84
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Khan J, Ghaffar A, Khan SA. The changing epidemiological pattern of Dengue in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195706. [PMID: 29689060 PMCID: PMC5916521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pakistan is suffering from dengue fever since 1994. In the country, major dengue outbreaks have been documented in 2010, 2011 and 2013 in Punjab (Lahore) and Sindh (Karachi) Provinces. District Swat was hit for the first time by dengue virus in 2013, claiming 57 deaths and 8000 morbidities. The molecular and entomological aspects along with the ecological and social context of the dengue outbreaks were investigated in this study. Method In addition to entomological survey, the data collected from patients' files (Saidu Sharif Teaching Hospital, Swat) and by directly questioning the patients (field data) was analyzed for epidemiological trends, molecular identification (RT-PCR based serotyping of DENV), clinical profile, socioeconomic status (SES) and demographic features. Results The peak prevalence of dengue was documented in September (56% in 2013, 38% in 2014) and October (33% in 2013, 24% in 2014), whereas in 2015, in October (54.5%) and November (30.5%). The serotype 3 (≤60%) and serotype 2 (≤40%) were found dominant in the area. Among the reported patients (5513), 69% were males and 31% females. Majority of them were found in the age of 14–30 years (52.5%) as compared to 31–60 years (34.5%) (Chi-square: 3219.463, p-value: 0.00). About 63% cases reported in low SES. Among the different categories of government employees affected with dengue, majority (4%) were belonging to health department (Chi-square: 4541.011, p-value: 0.00). Similarly, dengue targeted the dwellers living in multiple-storey houses (65%) as compared to those in the single-storeyed houses (35%) (Chi-square: 495.630, p-value: 0.00). The overall death toll observed was of 57 persons. Dengue prevailed more (38.4%) among low qualified individuals as compared to high qualified (11.5%) (Chi-square: 884.315, p-value: 0.00). Conclusion Our analysis indicated a decrease in the epidemiological trend of dengue (now) in the area, though initially it was observed affecting all types of communities on a larger scale. However, the DENV-2 and DENV-3 were dominantly circulating in the area and the prevalence (with usual peaks in post-monsoon) found high in males, illiterate (less educated) individuals and in those with low SES. Urbanization, infected human travelling, climate change, socioeconomic, sociodemographic as well as the wide range adaptation of vector mosquitoes, altogether, are the important factors playing role in the expansion of dengue. Further studies are needed to determine the association of these variables with the dengue spread in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehangir Khan
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Meteorology, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shujaat Ali Khan
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Islamic International University Islamabad, Pakistan
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85
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Javed N, Ghazanfar H, Naseem S. Knowledge of Dengue Among Students Exposed to Various Awareness Campaigns in Model Schools of Islamabad: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2018; 10:e2455. [PMID: 29888159 PMCID: PMC5991922 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the knowledge of dengue among school students exposed to various awareness campaigns in model schools of Islamabad. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of students who were studying in Islamabad Model School for Girls F-7/2 and Islamabad Model College for Boys F-7/3 from September 2017 to October 2017. Students in the ninth and tenth grades who were willing to participate in the study and who were studying in the school for more than six months were included in the study. The data was collected through a self-constructed questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire, and it was found to be 0.83. The data obtained was analyzed on IBM's statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 21 (IBM, Armonk, NY). Results Out of 601 participants, 345 (57.4%) were males and 256 (42.6%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 14.72±1.09. About 380 participants (63.2%) were studying in the ninth grade and 221 participants (36.8%) were studying in the tenth grade. A majority of the participants (67.2%) had poor knowledge of dengue. The participants scored highest in knowledge of prevention of the dengue domain and scored the lowest in knowledge of transmission of dengue. A majority of the participants (72.9%) reported that they acquire knowledge about dengue fever through television and radio. About 44.60% of the participants reported that they acquired knowledge about dengue fever through awareness campaigns in school. Conclusions The knowledge of the students was found to be insufficient despite several awareness campaigns. There is a need to re-evaluate the structure of the awareness campaigns as they fail to reach their target. Electronic media was identified as the most useful source of knowledge, and its incorporation can help increase the effectiveness of awareness campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nismat Javed
- Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University Shifa International Hospital
| | | | - Sajida Naseem
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
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86
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Community knowledge, attitudes and practices on Yellow fever in South Omo area, Southern Ethiopia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006409. [PMID: 29630594 PMCID: PMC5908197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yellow fever (Yf) outbreak was recently reported in South Omo of Southern Ethiopia. This area was also highly affected by Yf outbreak in the 1960s. However, there is no reliable information on the level of community knowledge attitudes and practices about the disease in the area. The objective of the current study was to assess level of community knowledge, attitudes and practices about Yf. Methods Between March and May 2017, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in two districts of the South Omo area. During the survey, 612 randomly selected adults were interviewed about Yf using structured questionnaire. Results Out of the 612 study participants, 508 (83.0%) reported that they heard about Yf which is locally known as “a disease that causes vomiting blood”. Most (90.4%) of the study participants also said that Yf is different from malaria. Two hundred thirteen (41.9%) participants said that Yf can be transmitted from a patient to another person, while only 80 (37.6%) mentioned that the disease is transmitted through mosquitoes bite. Out of 333 (65.7%) study participants who believed that Yf is a preventable disease, 280 (84.1%) mentioned vaccine as a preventive method. The majority believed that the disease is a killer (97.2%) and a newly emerging (69.4%). Among the total of 612 study participants, 221(36.1%) were considered as having a high level of overall knowledge of Yf. Having educational level above 7th grade (AOR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.39, 7.57, p = 0.006) and being resident of Bena-Tsemay district (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.78, P = 0.014) were significantly associated with having a high level of overall knowledge of Yf. Agro-pastoralism as an occupation compared to farming was associated with having a low level of overall knowledge of Yf (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI, 0.33, 0.79, P = 0.003). Conclusion The findings indicate that most of the study community members had a low level of overall knowledge of Yf, especially about its cause, mode of transmission and preventive methods. Thus, there is a need to increase people’s knowledge and practices regarding the cause, mode of transmission and preventive methods like avoiding mosquitoe breeding sites beside vaccination through various strategies like disseminating information through community health extension workers and community leaders in the study area. Yellow fever is becoming one of the most important re-emerging mosquito-borne viral diseases in many African countries despite the availability of an effective vaccine. Hence, assessing information on what a community knows about Yellow fever would contribute to the design of appropriate control strategies in addition to increasing access for vaccine. In this study, we assessed knowledge, attitudes and practices of local community about Yellow fever in South Omo area, southern Ethiopia, where outbreaks have occurred repeatedly since the 1960s. We found that the study community members had low knowledge about the cause and mode of transmission of the disease though they knew that it is a killer and affects all age groups. More than half of the study participants believed that the disease can be transmitted from a patient to another person through breathing. In the present study area, providing information to community members through community health extension workers regarding the role of mosquitoes in the transmission of this disease, and teaching what to do to minimize mosquitoes bite in understandable way would be helpful to increase their awareness about Yellow fever.
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87
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Menchaca-Armenta I, Ocampo-Torres M, Hernández-Gómez A, Zamora-Cerritos K. Risk perception and level of knowledge of diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2018. [PMID: 29538507 PMCID: PMC5962086 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201860010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases caused by viruses such as dengue, chikungunya and zika are mosquito-borne
diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti. We performed a
cross-sectional study of healthcare personnel and the general population using
questionnaires to identify the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices, and risk
perception for dengue, chikungunya and zika. A total of 248 questionnaires were
applied, 63.3% to healthcare personnel and 36.7% to the general population. Of the
healthcare personnel, 53% were men, and in the general population 74% were women.
Nahuatl and Spanish were spoken by both, healthcare personnel (28%) and the general
population (23%). The level of knowledge, attitudes and practices and risk perception
of the population and personnel showed significant differences
(p<0.05). Among healthcare personnel, nurses and vector
operating staff had the lowest level of knowledge. On the other hand, the questions
with the lowest scores were 1) symptoms of Zika in both groups, 2) circulating dengue
serotypes in healthcare personnel and 3) symptoms of chikungunya in the general
population. The results of this work allow us to identify information gaps in which
knowledge, attitudes and practices, and risk perception need to be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imelda Menchaca-Armenta
- Servicios de Salud de Hidalgo, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México
| | - Moisés Ocampo-Torres
- Servicios de Salud de Hidalgo, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México
| | - Arnulfo Hernández-Gómez
- Servicios de Salud de Hidalgo, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México
| | - Karen Zamora-Cerritos
- Servicios de Salud de Hidalgo, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México
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Harapan H, Rajamoorthy Y, Anwar S, Bustamam A, Radiansyah A, Angraini P, Fasli R, Salwiyadi S, Bastian RA, Oktiviyari A, Akmal I, Iqbalamin M, Adil J, Henrizal F, Darmayanti D, Pratama R, Setiawan AM, Mudatsir M, Hadisoemarto PF, Dhimal ML, Kuch U, Groneberg DA, Imrie A, Dhimal M, Müller R. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue virus infection among inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:96. [PMID: 29486714 PMCID: PMC5830327 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Indonesian region of Aceh was the area most severely affected by the earthquake and tsunami of 26 December 2004. Department of Health data reveal an upward trend of dengue cases in Aceh since the events of the tsunami. Despite the increasing incidence of dengue in the region, there is limited understanding of dengue among the general population of Aceh. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding dengue among the people of Aceh, Indonesia in order to design intervention strategies for an effective dengue prevention program. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Aceh between November 2014 and March 2015 with a total of 609 participants living in seven regencies and two municipalities. Information on the socio-demographic characteristics of participants and their KAP regarding dengue was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. The KAP status (good vs. poor) of participants with different socio-demographic characteristics was compared using Chi Square-test, ANOVA or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of each KAP domain. RESULTS We found that 45% of participants had good knowledge regarding dengue and only 32% had good attitudes and good dengue preventive practices. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes, knowledge and practice, and attitudes and practice. In addition, people who had good knowledge were 2.7 times more likely to have good attitudes, and people who had good attitudes were 2.2 times more likely to have good practices regarding dengue. The level of education, occupation, marital status, monthly income, socioeconomic status (SES) and living in the city were associated with the knowledge level. Occupation, SES, and having experienced dengue fever were associated with attitudes. Education, occupation, SES and type of residence were associated with preventive practices. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that dengue prevention programs are required to increase KAP levels regarding dengue in the communities of Aceh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | | | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Aslam Bustamam
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Arsil Radiansyah
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Pradiba Angraini
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Riny Fasli
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Salwiyadi Salwiyadi
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Reza Akbar Bastian
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Ade Oktiviyari
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Imaduddin Akmal
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Iqbalamin
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Jamalul Adil
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Fenni Henrizal
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Darmayanti Darmayanti
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rovy Pratama
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Malik Setiawan
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Mudatsir Mudatsir
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | | | - Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kuch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David Alexander Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Allison Imrie
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Meghnath Dhimal
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC), Ministry of Health Complex, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ruth Müller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Diaz-Quijano FA, Martínez-Vega RA, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Rojas-Calero RA, Luna-González ML, Díaz-Quijano RG. Association between the level of education and knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding dengue in the Caribbean region of Colombia. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:143. [PMID: 29338712 PMCID: PMC5771071 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5055-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community integration in dengue control requires assessments of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs), which can vary widely according to demographic and educational factors. We aimed to describe and compare the KAPs according to level of education in municipalities in the Caribbean region of Colombia. Methods A survey was administered from October to December 2015, including families selected through probabilistic sampling in eleven municipalities. The analysis focused on the comparative description of the responses according to level of education. The KAP prevalence ratios (PR) according to education were estimated using Poisson regression (robust), including age and sex as adjustment variables. Results Out of 1057 participants, 1054 (99.7%) surveys were available for analysis, including 614 (58.3%) who had a high school level of education or higher and 440 (41.7%) who had a lower level of education (not high school graduates). The high school graduates showed a higher frequency of correct answers in relation to knowledge about dengue symptoms and transmission. On the other hand, graduates showed a higher probability of practices and attitudes that favor dengue control, including not storing water in containers (PR: 2.2; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.42–3.43), attend community meetings (PR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07–1.65), educate family members and neighbors in prevention measures (PR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.15–1.59). Conclusions Level of education could be a key determinant of knowledge of the disease and its transmission, as well as attitudes and practices, especially those that involve the integration of community efforts for dengue control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega
- Organización Latinoamericana para el Fomento de la Investigación en Salud [Latin American Organization for the Promotion of Research in Health], Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Organización Latinoamericana para el Fomento de la Investigación en Salud [Latin American Organization for the Promotion of Research in Health], Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia.,Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Ronald Alexander Rojas-Calero
- Organización Latinoamericana para el Fomento de la Investigación en Salud [Latin American Organization for the Promotion of Research in Health], Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - María Lucrecia Luna-González
- Organización Latinoamericana para el Fomento de la Investigación en Salud [Latin American Organization for the Promotion of Research in Health], Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Ronald Giovanny Díaz-Quijano
- Organización Latinoamericana para el Fomento de la Investigación en Salud [Latin American Organization for the Promotion of Research in Health], Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
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Krishnamoorthy Y, Chandar D, Jayaseelan V, Vijayakumar K, Sivaranjini K, Vijayageetha M. Household survey on public awareness and attitudes toward dengue infection in rural Tamil Nadu, South India. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2018; 7:171. [PMID: 30693307 PMCID: PMC6332651 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_81_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is the most common life-threatening arboviral infection contributing to 92 million infections worldwide. India alone contributes for 34% of the global burden. Success of dengue control depends largely on adequate knowledge and good practices of preventive measures. However, there is a need to find the existing awareness among the general population, especially in rural areas. Thus, our present study was done to determine the awareness, attitude, and practice measures regarding dengue fever in rural Tamil Nadu. MATERIALS AND METHODS A community-based cross-sectional survey was done among 303 individuals belonging to the selected village in rural Tamil Nadu during November 2016. Information regarding sociodemographic details and awareness, attitude, and practice toward dengue were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Adequacy of knowledge and attitude was summarized as proportion with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Among 303 participants, 204 (67.3%) were above 30 years of age; 196 (64.6%) were females; 255 (84.1%) were ever married; 149 (49.1%) were employed and most of them 93 (30.6%) were educated up to secondary level; 103 (33.9%) belonged to the Class 4 socioeconomic status. About 33.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28.2-38.8) of the study participants had adequate knowledge and 56.1% (95% CI: 50.5-61.6) had positive attitude toward dengue prevention. About 57.7% (95% CI: 52.1-63.2) were practicing preventive measures. CONCLUSION The current study found that only one-third of the participants had adequate knowledge regarding dengue but more than half of them had positive attitude toward dengue prevention and practicing mosquito control measures. Hence, large-scale information, education, and communication campaigns need to done at frequent intervals for rural population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Deepika Chandar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Venkatachalam Jayaseelan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Venkatachalam Jayaseelan, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. E-mail:
| | - Karthiga Vijayakumar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - K. Sivaranjini
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - M. Vijayageetha
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Kenneson A, Beltrán-Ayala E, Borbor-Cordova MJ, Polhemus ME, Ryan SJ, Endy TP, Stewart-Ibarra AM. Social-ecological factors and preventive actions decrease the risk of dengue infection at the household-level: Results from a prospective dengue surveillance study in Machala, Ecuador. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006150. [PMID: 29253873 PMCID: PMC5771672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Ecuador, dengue virus (DENV) infections transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito are among the greatest public health concerns in urban coastal communities. Community- and household-level vector control is the principal means of controlling disease outbreaks. This study aimed to assess the impact of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) and social-ecological factors on the presence or absence of DENV infections in the household. METHODS In 2014 and 2015, individuals with DENV infections from sentinel clinics in Machala, Ecuador, were invited to participate in the study, as well as members of their household and members of four neighboring households located within 200 meters. We conducted diagnostic testing for DENV on all study participants; we surveyed heads of households (HOHs) regarding demographics, housing conditions and KAPs. We compared KAPs and social-ecological factors between households with (n = 139) versus without (n = 80) DENV infections, using bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression models with and without interactions. RESULTS Significant risk factors in multivariate models included proximity to abandoned properties, interruptions in piped water, and shaded patios (p<0.05). Significant protective factors included the use of mosquito bed nets, fumigation inside the home, and piped water inside the home (p<0.05). In bivariate analyses (but not multivariate modeling), DENV infections were positively associated with HOHs who were male, employed, and of younger age than households without infections (p<0.05). DENV infections were not associated with knowledge, attitude, or reported barriers to prevention activities. DISCUSSION Specific actions that can be considered to decrease the risk of DENV infections in the household include targeting vector control in highly shaded properties, fumigating inside the home, and use of mosquito bed nets. Community-level interventions include cleanup of abandoned properties, daily garbage collection, and reliable piped water inside houses. These findings can inform interventions to reduce the risk of other diseases transmitted by the Ae. aegypti mosquito, such as chikungunya and Zika fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Kenneson
- Center for Global Health & Translational Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
| | - Efraín Beltrán-Ayala
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala, El Oro Province, Ecuador
| | - Mercy J. Borbor-Cordova
- Facultad de Ingeniería Marítima, Ciencias Biológicas, Oceánicas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Superior Politecnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Mark E. Polhemus
- Center for Global Health & Translational Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
| | - Sadie J. Ryan
- Center for Global Health & Translational Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
- Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- College of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Timothy P. Endy
- Center for Global Health & Translational Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
| | - Anna M. Stewart-Ibarra
- Center for Global Health & Translational Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America
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Kouadio DE, Djibril C, Damus PK, Yao LK, Daouda C, Youssouf T, Simplice ND. Determinants of practices for dengue diagnosis among healthcare professionals working in public hospitals of Abidjan, Cote dIvoire. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/jphe2017.0933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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93
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Kajeguka DC, Desrochers RE, Mwangi R, Mgabo MR, Alifrangis M, Kavishe RA, Mosha FW, Kulkarni MA. Knowledge and practice regarding dengue and chikungunya: a cross-sectional study among Healthcare workers and community in Northern Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health 2017; 22:583-593. [PMID: 28294472 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate knowledge and prevention practices regarding dengue and chikungunya amongst community members, as well as knowledge, treatment and diagnostic practices among healthcare workers. METHOD We conducted a cross-sectional survey with 125 community members and 125 healthcare workers from 13 health facilities in six villages in the Hai district of Tanzania. A knowledge score was generated based on participant responses to a structured questionnaire, with a score of 40 or higher (of 80 and 50 total scores for community members and healthcare workers, respectively) indicating good knowledge. We conducted qualitative survey (n = 40) to further assess knowledge and practice regarding dengue and chikungunya fever. RESULTS 15.2% (n = 19) of community members had good knowledge regarding dengue, whereas 53.6%, (n = 67) of healthcare workers did. 20.3% (n = 16) of participants from lowland areas and 6.5% (n = 3) from highland areas had good knowledge of dengue (χ2 = 4.25, P = 0.03). Only 2.4% (n = 3) of all participants had a good knowledge score for chikungunya. In the qualitative study, community members expressed uncertainty about dengue and chikungunya. Some healthcare workers thought that they were new diseases. CONCLUSION There is insufficient knowledge regarding dengue and chikungunya fever among community members and healthcare workers. Health promotion activities on these diseases based on Ecological Health Mode components to increase knowledge and improve preventive practices should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora C Kajeguka
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | | | - Rose Mwangi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Maseke R Mgabo
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania.,Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Michael Alifrangis
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reginald A Kavishe
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Franklin W Mosha
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Manisha A Kulkarni
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health & Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Harapan H, Anwar S, Bustamam A, Radiansyah A, Angraini P, Fasli R, Salwiyadi S, Bastian RA, Oktiviyari A, Akmal I, Iqbalamin M, Adil J, Henrizal F, Darmayanti D, Mahmuda M, Mudatsir M, Imrie A, Sasmono RT, Kuch U, Shkedy Z, Pramana S. Willingness to pay for a dengue vaccine and its associated determinants in Indonesia: A community-based, cross-sectional survey in Aceh. Acta Trop 2017; 166:249-256. [PMID: 27908746 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination strategies are being considered as a part of dengue prevention programs in endemic countries. To accelerate the introduction of dengue vaccine into the public sector program and private markets, understanding the private economic benefits of a dengue vaccine is therefore essential. The aim of this study was to assess the willingness to pay (WTP) for a dengue vaccine among community members in Indonesia and its associated explanatory variables. A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in nine regencies of Aceh province, Indonesia, from November 2014 to March 2015. A pre-tested validated questionnaire was used to facilitate the interviews. To assess the explanatory variables influencing participants' WTP for a dengue vaccine, a linear regression analysis was employed. We interviewed 677 healthy community members; 476 participants (87.5% of the total) were included in the final analysis. An average individual was willing to pay around US-$ 4 (mean: US-$ 4.04; median: US-$ 3.97) for a dengue vaccine. Our final multivariate model revealed that working as a civil servant, living in the city, and having good knowledge on dengue viruses, a good attitude towards dengue, and good preventive practice against dengue virus infection were associated with a higher WTP (P<0.05). Our model suggests that marketing efforts should be directed to community members who are working in the suburbs especially as farmers. In addition, the results of our study underscore the need for low-cost quality vaccines, public sector subsidies for vaccinations, and intensifying efforts to further educate and encourage households regarding other dengue preventive measures, using trusted individuals as facilitators.
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Siddiqui TR, Ghazal S, Bibi S, Ahmed W, Sajjad SF. Use of the Health Belief Model for the Assessment of Public Knowledge and Household Preventive Practices in Karachi, Pakistan, a Dengue-Endemic City. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005129. [PMID: 27832074 PMCID: PMC5104346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prevention is most effective in reducing dengue infection risk, especially in endemic countries like Pakistan. Evaluation of public awareness and health beliefs regarding dengue fever (DF) is important for devising disease control strategies. This study assessed dengue knowledge, health beliefs, and preventive practices against DF in different socioeconomic groups of Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology In this community-based cross-sectional study, 6 randomly selected towns were visited, 2 persons (man and woman) per household were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, and household practices were observed. Information regarding DF was shared through a printed pamphlet. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of variables associated with dengue knowledge and practices was conducted. Principal Findings We interviewed 608 Karachi residents (mean age: 33.2 ± 13.35 years); 7.7%, 71.9%, and 20.4% had a high, middle, and low socioeconomic status, respectively. The mean knowledge score was 6.4 ± 2.10 out of 14. The mean preventive practices score was 9 ± 1.8 out of 17. Predictors of dengue knowledge were perceived threat (odds ratio [OR] = 1.802; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19–2.71; p = 0.005), self-efficacy (OR = 2.910; 95% CI = 1.77–4.76; p = 0.000), and television as an information source (OR = 3.202; 95% CI = 1.97–5.17; p = 0.000). Predictors of dengue preventive practices were perceived threat (OR = 1.502; 95% CI = 1.02–2.19; p = 0.036), self-efficacy (OR = 1.982; 95% CI = 1.34–2.91; p = 0.000), and dengue knowledge (OR = 1.581; 95% CI = 1.05–2.37; p = 0.028). Conclusions Public knowledge about DF is low in Karachi. Knowledge, threat perception, and self-efficacy are significant predictors of adequate dengue preventive practices. Prevention and control strategies should focus on raising awareness about dengue contraction risk and severity through television. Health messages should be designed to increase individual self-efficacy. Dengue is a massive health threat worldwide. Dengue prevention is the most effective way to reduce the risk of dengue infection, especially in endemic countries like Pakistan. Evaluation of public awareness and health beliefs regarding dengue fever plays an important role in developing strategies for disease control. The present study results highlight the public awareness level, health beliefs, and actual preventive practices regarding dengue fever. We evaluated dengue knowledge and preventive practices in relation with demographic characteristics and public health beliefs. Our findings are useful for developing health messages regarding dengue prevention and control. We found that public awareness has a great impact on adoption of dengue preventive practices. We also found that dengue information should be disseminated in the population in order to increase the perception of susceptibility to contracting this disease. It is also important that health messages include information that augments public confidence that implementation of proper preventive practices can help avoid this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taranum Ruba Siddiqui
- Pakistan Health Research Council, PHRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Saima Ghazal
- Pakistan Health Research Council, PHRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Safia Bibi
- Pakistan Health Research Council, PHRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Waquaruddin Ahmed
- Pakistan Health Research Council, PHRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Shaimuna Fareeha Sajjad
- Pakistan Health Research Council, PHRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
- Field Epidemiology & Laboratory Training Program (FELTP), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Valdivieso F, Gonzalez C, Najera M, Olea A, Cuiza A, Aguilera X, Mertz G. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding hantavirus disease and acceptance of a vaccine trial in rural communities of southern Chile. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 13:808-815. [PMID: 27830976 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1250989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Andes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, transmitted by Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, has no approved treatment, a case fatality rate of 35%, and documented person-to-person transmission. An Andes vaccine, highly needed for prevention, is in development. We aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding hantavirus disease and willingness to participate in a future Andes vaccine trials through a cross sectional face-to-face oral survey of a randomly selected adult sample from 2 rural communes in southern Chile. Human subjects approval was obtained from our institutional IRBs, and participants signed informed consent. We enrolled 319 subjects from Corral and 321 from Curarrehue; 98% had heard about hantavirus disease and its reservoir but only half knew about transmission, symptoms and prevention. Participants fear the disease but are only partially aware of their own risk. One third of participants reported presence of rodents inside their homes. Despite moderate confidence in their health system, most subjects perceived vaccines as beneficial, and 93% would accept an approved hantavirus vaccine. Half would agree to participate in a vaccine trial and 29% would allow their children to participate. Motivations to participate were mainly altruistic, while risk perception was the main reason for declining. Knowledge about hantavirus disease and prevention practices require reinforcement, and a vaccine trial seems feasible in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Valdivieso
- a Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea , Santiago , Chile
| | - Claudia Gonzalez
- a Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea , Santiago , Chile
| | - Manuel Najera
- a Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea , Santiago , Chile
| | - Andrea Olea
- a Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea , Santiago , Chile
| | - Analia Cuiza
- a Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea , Santiago , Chile
| | - Ximena Aguilera
- a Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea , Santiago , Chile
| | - Gregory Mertz
- b University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque , NM , USA
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Harapan H, Anwar S, Bustaman A, Radiansyah A, Angraini P, Fasli R, Salwiyadi S, Bastian RA, Oktiviyari A, Akmal I, Iqbalamin M, Adil J, Henrizal F, Darmayanti D, Pratama R, Fajar JK, Setiawan AM, Dhimal ML, Kuch U, Groneberg DA, Sasmono RT, Dhimal M, Mueller R. Modifiable determinants of attitude towards dengue vaccination among healthy inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia: Findings from a community-based survey. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:1115-1122. [PMID: 27890375 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore and understand the attitude towards dengue vaccination and its modifiable determinants among inhabitants of Aceh (northern Sumatra Island, Indonesia), the region that was most severely affected by the earthquake and tsunami of 26 December 2004. METHODS A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 535 healthy inhabitants in nine regencies (Kabupaten or Kotamadya) of Aceh that were selected randomly from November 2014 to March 2015. A set of validated, pre-tested, structured questionnaires was used to guide the interviews. The questionnaires covered a range of explanatory variables and one outcome variable (attitude to dengue vaccination). Multi-step logistic regression analysis and Spearman's rank correlation were used to test the role of explanatory variables for the outcome variable. RESULTS More than 70% of the participants had a poor attitude towards dengue vaccination. Modifiable determinants associated with poor attitude to dengue vaccination were low education level, working as farmers and traditional market traders, low socioeconomic status and poor knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dengue fever (P < 0.05). The KAP domain scores were correlated strongly with attitude to dengue vaccination, rs = 0.25, rs = 0.67 and rs = 0.20, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis found that independent predictors associated with attitude towards dengue vaccination among study participants were only sex and attitude towards dengue fever (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that low KAP regarding dengue fever, low education level and low socioeconomic status are associated with a poor attitude towards dengue vaccination. Therefore, inhabitants of suburbs who are working as farmers or traditional market traders with low socioeconomic status are the most appropriate target group for a dengue vaccine introduction program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Aslam Bustaman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Arsil Radiansyah
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Pradiba Angraini
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Riny Fasli
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Salwiyadi Salwiyadi
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Reza Akbar Bastian
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Ade Oktiviyari
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Imaduddin Akmal
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Iqbalamin
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Jamalul Adil
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Fenni Henrizal
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Darmayanti Darmayanti
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rovy Pratama
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Jhony Karunia Fajar
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Malik Setiawan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, State Islamic University Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kuch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David Alexander Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Meghnath Dhimal
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC), Ministry of Health Complex, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ruth Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Alyousefi TAA, Abdul-Ghani R, Mahdy MAK, Al-Eryani SMA, Al-Mekhlafi AM, Raja YA, Shah SA, Beier JC. A household-based survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards dengue fever among local urban communities in Taiz Governorate, Yemen. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:543. [PMID: 27717333 PMCID: PMC5054547 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yemen has witnessed several dengue fever outbreaks coincident with the social unrest and war in the country. The aim of the present study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of at-risk urban populations residing in Taiz, southwest of Yemen. In addition, factors possibly associated with poor preventive practices were investigated. METHODS A household-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in three urban districts encompassing 383 households. Data on the socio-demographic characteristics and KAPs of the participating household heads were collected using a pre-designed, structured questionnaire. The association of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes of the population with poor preventive practices against dengue fever was then analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS More than 90.0 % of respondent household heads had correct knowledge about fever, headache and joint pain as common signs and symptoms of dengue fever. Moreover, muscular pain and bleeding were perceived by more than 80.0 % of the respondents as being associated with dengue fever; however, only 65.0 % of the respondents reported skin rash as a sign of dengue fever. More than 95.0 % of respondents agreed about the seriousness and possible transmission of dengue fever; however, negative attitudes regarding the facts of being at risk of the disease and that the infection is preventable were expressed by 15.0 % of respondents. Despite the good level of knowledge and attitudes of the respondent population, poor preventive practices were common. Bivariate analysis identified poor knowledge of dengue signs and symptoms (OR = 2.1, 95 % CI = 1.24-3.68; P = 0.005) and its vector (OR = 2.1, 95 % CI = 1.14-3.84; P = 0.016) as factors significantly associated with poor preventive practices. However, multivariable analysis showed that poor knowledge of the vector is an independent predictor of poor preventive practices of the population (adjusted OR = 2.1, 95 % CI = 1.14-3.84; P = 0.018). CONCLUSION The majority of people in urban communities of Taiz have a clear understanding of most signs/symptoms of dengue fever as well as positive attitudes towards the seriousness and possible transmissibility of dengue fever. However, negative attitudes regarding their perception of the risk and possible prevention of the infection are prevailing among a small proportion of the population and need to be targeted by educational campaigns. It appears that the good level of the population knowledge of the signs/symptoms of dengue fever and the factors contributing to the spread and control of its vectors did not translate into good practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaker A A Alyousefi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Al-Razi University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Rashad Abdul-Ghani
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.,Tropical Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Mohammed A K Mahdy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. .,Tropical Disease Research Center, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - Samira M A Al-Eryani
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Abdulsalam M Al-Mekhlafi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Yahia A Raja
- Faculty of Public Health and Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamusul Azhar Shah
- Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - John C Beier
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Harapan H, Anwar S, Bustaman A, Radiansyah A, Angraini P, Fasli R, Salwiyadi S, Bastian RA, Oktiviyari A, Akmal I, Iqbalamin M, Adil J, Henrizal F, Darmayanti D, Pratama R, Fajar JK, Setiawan AM, Imrie A, Kuch U, Groneberg DA, Sasmono RT, Dhimal M, Müller R. Community Willingness to Participate in a Dengue Study in Aceh Province, Indonesia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159139. [PMID: 27404663 PMCID: PMC4942142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue virus infection is the most rapidly spreading vector-borne disease in the world. Essential research on dengue virus transmission and its prevention requires community participation. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the factors that are associated with the willingness of communities in high prevalence areas to participate in dengue research. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with the willingness of healthy community members in Aceh province, Indonesia, to participate in dengue research that would require phlebotomy. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in nine regencies and municipalities of Aceh from November 2014 to March 2015. Interviews using a set of validated questionnaires were conducted to collect data on demography, history of dengue infection, socioeconomic status, and knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dengue fever. Two-step logistic regression and Spearman's rank correlation (rs) analysis were used to assess the influence of independent variables on dependent variables. Among 535 participants, less than 20% had a good willingness to participate in the dengue study. The factors associated with good willingness to participate were being female, working as a civil servant, private employee or entrepreneur, having a high socioeconomic status and good knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dengue. Good knowledge and attitude regarding dengue were positive independent predictors of willingness to participate (OR: 2.30 [95% CI: 1.36-3.90] and 3.73 [95% CI: 2.24-6.21], respectively). CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE The willingness to participate in dengue research is very low among community members in Aceh, and the two most important associated factors are knowledge and attitude regarding dengue. To increase participation rate, efforts to improve the knowledge and attitude of community members regarding dengue fever and dengue-related research is required before such studies are launched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Aslam Bustaman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Arsil Radiansyah
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Pradiba Angraini
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Riny Fasli
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Salwiyadi Salwiyadi
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Reza Akbar Bastian
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Ade Oktiviyari
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Imaduddin Akmal
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Iqbalamin
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Jamalul Adil
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Fenni Henrizal
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Darmayanti Darmayanti
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rovy Pratama
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Jonny Karunia Fajar
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Malik Setiawan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, State Islamic University Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Allison Imrie
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ulrich Kuch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David Alexander Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Meghnath Dhimal
- Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC), Ministry of Health Complex, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ruth Müller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Harapan H, Anwar S, Setiawan AM, Sasmono RT. Dengue vaccine acceptance and associated factors in Indonesia: A community-based cross-sectional survey in Aceh. Vaccine 2016; 34:3670-5. [PMID: 27208588 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first dengue vaccine (DV) has been licensed in some countries, but an assessment of the public's acceptance of DV is widely lacking. This study aimed to explore and understand DV acceptance and its associated explanatory variables among healthy inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2014 to March 2015 in nine regencies of Aceh that were selected randomly. A set of validated questionnaires covering a range of explanatory variables and DV acceptance was used to conduct the interviews. A multi-step logistic regression analysis and Spearman's rank correlation were employed to assess the role of explanatory variables in DV acceptance. RESULTS We included 652 community members in the final analysis and found that 77.3% of them were willing to accept the DV. Gender, monthly income, socioeconomic status (SES), attitude toward dengue fever (DF) and attitude toward vaccination practice were associated with DV acceptance in bivariate analyses (P<0.05). A correlation analysis confirmed that attitude toward vaccination practice and attitude toward DF were strongly correlated with DV acceptance, rs=0.41 and rs=0.39, respectively (P<0.001). The multivariate analysis revealed that a high monthly income, high SES, and a good attitude toward vaccination practice and toward DF were independent predictors of DV acceptance. CONCLUSION The acceptance rate of the DV among inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia was relatively high, and the strongest associated factors of higher support for the DV were a good attitude toward vaccination practices and a good attitude toward DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Malik Setiawan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, State Islamic University Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia
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