51
|
Shaik Mohammed Jasmine, Mohan S, Kanta KNM, Chadipiralla K, Deepthi K, Ketha P, Kammela PR, Allam US. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Aryl/Alkyl Cyanamides and Substituted Tetrazole Compounds. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
52
|
Zhang L, Chen X, Wang G, Yao J, Wei J, Liu Z, Lin X, Liu Y. Quantitative proteomics reveals the antibiotics adaptation mechanism of Aeromonas hydrophila under kanamycin stress. J Proteomics 2022; 264:104621. [PMID: 35618212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a widespread opportunistic pathogen of aquatic fishes in freshwater habitats. The current emergence of antimicrobial-resistant A. hydrophila has been reported in the world while the bacterial antibiotics adaptive mechanism remains poorly explored. In this study, using quantitative proteomics technology, the behavior of A. hydrophila was investigated by comparing the differentially expression proteins between with and without kanamycin (KAN) treatment. A total of 374 altered proteins including 184 increasing and 190 proteins decreasing abundances were quantified when responding to KAN stress. The bioinformatics analysis showed that stress related proteins were hub proteins that significantly increased to reduce the pressure from the misreading of mRNA caused by KAN. Moreover, several metallic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation and TCA cycle pathways may affect KAN resistance. Finally, eight selected genes were deleted and their antibiotics susceptibilities to kanamycin were valued, respectively. Results showed that OmpA II family protein A0KI26, and two-component system protein AtoC may involve in the KAN resistance in this study. In general, our results provide an insight into the behaviors of bacterial responding to KAN stress, and demonstrate the intrinsic antibiotics adaptive mechanism of A. hydrophila. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of A. hydrophila strain between with and without kanamycin (KAN) were compared by using a data-independent acquisition (DIA) - based quantitative proteomics method. Bioinformatics analysis showed that stress - related proteins are hub proteins that significantly increased under KAN stress. Moreover, several metallic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation and citrate cycle (TCA cycle) pathways, can affect KAN resistance. Finally, our antibiotics susceptibility assay showed that the protein A0KI26 of the OmpA II family, and the AtoC of the two-component system may involve in KAN resistance in this study. These results provide insights into the antibiotics adaptation mechanism of A. hydrophila when responding to KAN stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring (School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring (School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring (School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jindong Yao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring (School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jin Wei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring (School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiangmin Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring (School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Yanling Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Briot T, Kolenda C, Ferry T, Medina M, Laurent F, Leboucher G, Pirot F. Paving the way for phage therapy using novel drug delivery approaches. J Control Release 2022; 347:414-424. [PMID: 35569589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance against antibiotics is an emergent medical issue. The development of novel therapeutic approaches is urgently needed and, in this context, bacteriophages represent a promising strategy to fight multi resistant bacteria. However, for some applications, bacteriophages cannot be used without an appropriate drug delivery system which increases their stability or provides an adequate targeting to the site of infection. This review summarizes the main application routes for bacteriophages and presents the new delivery approaches designed to increase phage's activity. Clinical successes of these formulations are also highlighted. Globally, this work paves the way for the design and optimization of nano and micro delivery systems for phage therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Briot
- Pharmacy department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Lyon, France.
| | - Camille Kolenda
- Laboratory of bacteriology, French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Reference Center for Complex Bone and Joint Infection (CRIOAc), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; International Centre for Research in Infectiology, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Tristan Ferry
- Reference Center for Complex Bone and Joint Infection (CRIOAc), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; International Centre for Research in Infectiology, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Infectious and Tropical Diseases unit, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mathieu Medina
- Laboratory of bacteriology, French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Reference Center for Complex Bone and Joint Infection (CRIOAc), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; International Centre for Research in Infectiology, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Frederic Laurent
- Laboratory of bacteriology, French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Reference Center for Complex Bone and Joint Infection (CRIOAc), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; International Centre for Research in Infectiology, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Gilles Leboucher
- Pharmacy department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Lyon, France
| | - Fabrice Pirot
- Plateforme FRIPHARM, Service pharmaceutique, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement de Pharmacie Galénique Industrielle, Plateforme FRIPHARM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique - UMR 5305, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Hou H, Tian G, Fu J, Qin C, Chen G, Zou X, Hu J, Yin J. Highly stereoselective construction of 1,2- cis-D-quinovosamine glycosides for the synthesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa O-antigen disaccharide. J Carbohydr Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2022.2055049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Hou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guangzong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junjie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guodong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Iglesias-Fernandez M, Buxadera-Palomero J, Sadowska JM, Espanol M, Ginebra MP. Implementation of bactericidal topographies on biomimetic calcium phosphates and the potential effect of its reactivity. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212797. [PMID: 35929296 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery that nanostructured surfaces were able to kill bacteria, many works have been published focusing on the design of nanopatterned surfaces with antimicrobial properties. Synthetic bone grafts, based on calcium phosphate (CaP) formulations, can greatly benefit from this discovery if adequate nanotopographies can be developed. However, CaP are reactive materials and experience ionic exchanges when placed into aqueous solutions which may in turn affect cell behaviour and complicate the interpretation of the bactericidal results. The present study explores the bactericidal potential of two nanopillared CaP prepared by hydrolysis of two different sizes of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) powders under biomimetic or hydrothermal conditions. A more lethal bactericidal response toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa (~75% killing efficiency of adhered bacteria) was obtained from the hydrothermally treated CaP which consisted in a more irregular topography in terms of pillar size (radius: 20-60 nm), interpillar distances (100-1500 nm) and pillar distribution (pillar groups forming bouquets) than the biomimetically treated one (radius: 20-40 nm and interpillar distances: 50-200 nm with a homogeneous pillar distribution). The material reactivity was greatly influenced by the type of medium (nutrient-rich versus nutrient-free) and the presence or not of bacteria. A lower reactivity and superior bacterial attachment were observed in the nutrient-free medium while a lower attachment was observed for the nutrient rich medium which was explained by a superior reactivity of the material paired with the lower tendency of planktonic bacteria to adhere on surfaces in the presence of nutrients. Importantly, the ionic exchanges produced by the presence of materials were not toxic to planktonic cells. Thus, we can conclude that topography was the main contributor to mortality in the bacterial adhesion tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Iglesias-Fernandez
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Buxadera-Palomero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joanna-Maria Sadowska
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Espanol
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Wang X, Li S, Du M, Liu N, Shan Q, Zou Y, Wang J, Zhu Y. A Novel β-Hairpin Peptide Z-d14CFR Enhances Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Clearance in a Murine Model of Mastitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094617. [PMID: 35563007 PMCID: PMC9105976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has spawned the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained comprehensive attention as one of the major alternatives to antibiotics. However, low antibacterial activity and high-cost production have limited the applications of natural AMPs. In this study, we successfully expressed recombinant Zophobas atratus (Z. atratus) defensin for the first time. In order to increase the antimicrobial activity of peptide, we designed 5 analogues derived from Z. atratus defensin, Z-d13, Z-d14C, Z-d14CF, Z-d14CR and Z-d14CFR. Our results showed that Z-d14CFR (RGCRCNSKSFCVCR-NH2) exhibited a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity to both Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant bacteria. It possessed less than 5% hemolysis and 10% cytotoxicity, even at a high concentration of 1 mg/mL. Antimicrobial mechanism studies indicated that Z-d14CFR performed antimicrobial effect via inhibiting biofilm formation, disrupting bacterial membrane integrity and inducing cellular contents release. Furthermore, Z-d14CFR showed a great therapeutic effect on the treatment of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection by enhancing bacterial clearance, decreasing neutrophils infiltration and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in a murine model of mastitis. Our findings suggest that Z-d14CFR could be a promising candidate against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (Q.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Shuxian Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (Q.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Mengze Du
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
| | - Ning Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (Q.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Qiang Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (Q.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Yunjing Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (Q.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jiufeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (Q.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Yaohong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (N.L.); (Q.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6273-1094
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Emerging Concern with Imminent Therapeutic Strategies for Treating Resistance in Biofilm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040476. [PMID: 35453227 PMCID: PMC9032911 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm production by bacteria is presumed to be a survival strategy in natural environments. The production of biofilms is known to be influenced by a number of factors. This paper has precisely elaborated on the different factors that directly influence the formation of biofilm. Biofilm has serious consequences for human health, and a variety of infections linked to biofilm have emerged, rapidly increasing the statistics of antimicrobial resistance, which is a global threat. Additionally, to combat resistance in biofilm, various approaches have been developed. Surface modifications, physical removal, and the use of nanoparticles are the recent advances that have enabled drug discovery for treating various biofilm-associated infections. Progress in nanoparticle production has led to the development of a variety of biofilm-fighting strategies. We focus on the present and future therapeutic options that target the critical structural and functional characteristics of microbial biofilms, as well as drug tolerance mechanisms, such as the extracellular matrix, in this review.
Collapse
|
58
|
Bian X, Qu X, Zhang J, Nang SC, Bergen PJ, Tony Zhou Q, Chan HK, Feng M, Li J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of peptide antibiotics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 183:114171. [PMID: 35189264 PMCID: PMC10019944 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health challenge. As few new efficacious antibiotics will become available in the near future, peptide antibiotics continue to be major therapeutic options for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. Rational use of antibiotics requires optimisation of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for the treatment of different types of infections. Toxicodynamics must also be considered to improve the safety of antibiotic use and, where appropriate, to guide therapeutic drug monitoring. This review focuses on the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics/toxicodynamics of peptide antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. Optimising antibiotic exposure at the infection site is essential for improving their efficacy and minimising emergence of resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Bian
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China; National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyi Qu
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China; National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Phase I Unit, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China; National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Phase I Unit, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Sue C Nang
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phillip J Bergen
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Meiqing Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Kho ZY, Azad MAK, Han ML, Zhu Y, Huang C, Schittenhelm RB, Naderer T, Velkov T, Selkrig J, Zhou Q(T, Li J. Correlative proteomics identify the key roles of stress tolerance strategies in Acinetobacter baumannii in response to polymyxin and human macrophages. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010308. [PMID: 35231068 PMCID: PMC8887720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii possesses stress tolerance strategies against host innate immunity and antibiotic killing. However, how the host-pathogen-antibiotic interaction affects the overall molecular regulation of bacterial pathogenesis and host response remains unexplored. Here, we simultaneously investigate proteomic changes in A. baumannii and macrophages following infection in the absence or presence of the polymyxins. We discover that macrophages and polymyxins exhibit complementary effects to disarm several stress tolerance and survival strategies in A. baumannii, including oxidative stress resistance, copper tolerance, bacterial iron acquisition and stringent response regulation systems. Using the spoT mutant strains, we demonstrate that bacterial cells with defects in stringent response exhibit enhanced susceptibility to polymyxin killing and reduced survival in infected mice, compared to the wild-type strain. Together, our findings highlight that better understanding of host-pathogen-antibiotic interplay is critical for optimization of antibiotic use in patients and the discovery of new antimicrobial strategy to tackle multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ying Kho
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Infection Program and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohammad A. K. Azad
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Infection Program and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mei-Ling Han
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Infection Program and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan Zhu
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Infection Program and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ralf B. Schittenhelm
- Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas Naderer
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Infection Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joel Selkrig
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qi (Tony) Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jian Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Infection Program and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Pyridine coupled pyrazole analogues as lethal weapon against MRSA: An in-vitro and in-silico approach. Microb Pathog 2022; 166:105508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
61
|
Khan A, Rao TS, Joshi HM. Phage therapy in the Covid-19 era: Advantages over antibiotics. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2022; 3:100115. [PMID: 35187507 PMCID: PMC8847111 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive use of antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic may accelerate the emergence of AMR. Antibiotic-mediated dysbiosis significantly impacts immune-homoeostasis and thereby negatively impacting the recovery from COVID-19. Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis will also negatively impacts the pulmonary functioning of the COVID-19 patient via the Gut-Lung Axis. Bacteriophages or “phage therapy” can be an ideal alternative for antibiotics having desired specificity and availability. Phage therapy can also act as an anti-inflammatory agent to avoid cytokine storm in COVID19.
Today, the entire world is battling to contain the spread of COVID-19. Massive efforts are being made to find a therapeutic solution in the shortest possible time. However, the research community is becoming increasingly concerned about taking a shortsighted strategy without contemplating the long-term consequences. For example, It has been reported that only 8.4% of total COVID-19 patients develop a secondary bacterial infection. In comparison, 74.6% of them are administered with antibiotics as prophylactic treatment. We contend that overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics increases the likelihood of AMR development and negatively affects the patient's recovery due to the prevalence of the "gut-lung axis.". Consequently, the use of antibiotics to treat COVID-19 patients must be rationalized, or an alternative treatment must be sought that does not risk contributing to AMR development and positively impacts the treatment outcomes. Phage therapy, a century-old concept, is one of the most promising approaches that can be adapted to serve this purpose. This review emphasizes the negative impact of excessive antibiotic use in COVID-19 treatment and provides an overview of how phage therapy can be used as an alternative treatment option. We have argued that targeted killing (narrow spectrum) and anti-inflammatory (which can target the primary cause of mortality in COVID-19) properties of phages can be an effective alternative to antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khan
- Water & Steam Chemistry Division, BARC Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - T Subba Rao
- Water & Steam Chemistry Division, BARC Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hiren M Joshi
- Water & Steam Chemistry Division, BARC Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Multi-Drug and β-Lactam Resistance in Escherichia coli and Food-Borne Pathogens from Animals and Food in Portugal, 2014–2019. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010090. [PMID: 35052967 PMCID: PMC8773433 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal and food sources are seen as a potential transmission pathway of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to humans. The aim of this study is to describe Campylobacter, Salmonella, and commensal Escherichia coli multi-drug resistance (MDR) in the food chain between 2014 and 2019 in Portugal. AMR surveillance data from food-producing animals and food were assessed. MDR relative frequencies were estimated by bacterial genus and year. AMR profiles were created using observations of resistance to antimicrobial classes from each isolate. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were clustered using k-modes. Clusters were described by population, AMR classification, β-lactamases, sample stage, sample type, season, and year. Overall, MDR was more prevalent for E. coli, ranging from 74–90% in animal and 94–100% in food samples. MDR was found to be more widespread in resistance profiles that were common among E. coli and Salmonella isolates and in those exclusively observed for E. coli, frequently including (fluoro)quinolones and cephalosporins resistance. β-lactam resistance was observed around 75% to 3rd/4th-generation cephalosporins in E. coli. Clusters suggest an escalating MDR behaviour from farm to post-farm stages in all bacteria and that Salmonella (fluoro)quinolones resistance may be associated with broilers. These findings support policy and decision making to tackle MDR in farm and post-farm stages.
Collapse
|
63
|
Yossief M, Singh V, Maydaniuk D, Cardona S, Kuss S. Electrochemical Characterization of the Repurposed Antimicrobial Compound Auranofin in Aqueous Solutions. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melak Yossief
- University of Manitoba Department of Chemistry R3T 2N2 Winnipeg Canada
| | - Vikram Singh
- University of Manitoba Department of Chemistry R3T 2N2 Winnipeg Canada
| | - Dustin Maydaniuk
- University of Manitoba Department of Microbiology R3T 2N2 Winnipeg Canada
- Department of Microbiology R3T 2N2 Winnipeg Canada
| | - Silvia Cardona
- University of Manitoba Department of Microbiology R3T 2N2 Winnipeg Canada
- Department of Microbiology R3T 2N2 Winnipeg Canada
- University of Manitoba Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases R3E 0J9 Winnipeg Canada
| | - Sabine Kuss
- University of Manitoba Department of Chemistry R3T 2N2 Winnipeg Canada
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Nguyen HT, Venter H, Woolford L, Young K, McCluskey A, Garg S, Page SW, Trott DJ, Ogunniyi AD. Impact of a Novel Anticoccidial Analogue on Systemic Staphylococcus aureus Infection in a Bioluminescent Mouse Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010065. [PMID: 35052942 PMCID: PMC8773087 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential of an analogue of robenidine (NCL179) to expand its chemical diversity for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. We show that NCL179 exhibits potent bactericidal activity, returning minimum inhibitory concentration/minimum bactericidal concentrations (MICs/MBCs) of 1–2 µg/mL against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MICs/MBCs of 1–2 µg/mL against methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius and MICs/MBCs of 2–4 µg/mL against vancomycin-resistant enterococci. NCL179 showed synergistic activity against clinical isolates and reference strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of colistin, whereas NCL179 alone had no activity. Mice given oral NCL179 at 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg (4 × doses, 4 h apart) showed no adverse clinical effects and no observable histological effects in any of the organs examined. In a bioluminescent S. aureus sepsis challenge model, mice that received four oral doses of NCL179 at 50 mg/kg at 4 h intervals exhibited significantly reduced bacterial loads, longer survival times and higher overall survival rates than the vehicle-only treated mice. These results support NCL179 as a valid candidate for further development to treat MDR bacterial infections as a stand-alone antibiotic or in combination with existing antibiotic classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Thi Nguyen
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Henrietta Venter
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Lucy Woolford
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia;
| | - Kelly Young
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (K.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (K.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Sanjay Garg
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | | | - Darren J. Trott
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia;
- Correspondence: (D.J.T.); (A.D.O.); Tel.: +61-8-8313-7989 (D.J.T.); +61-432331914 (A.D.O.); Fax: +61-8-8313-7956 (D.J.T.)
| | - Abiodun David Ogunniyi
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia;
- Correspondence: (D.J.T.); (A.D.O.); Tel.: +61-8-8313-7989 (D.J.T.); +61-432331914 (A.D.O.); Fax: +61-8-8313-7956 (D.J.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) as a promising alternative to current pharmaceuticals for the treatment of resistant microorganisms. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022; 79:65-103. [PMID: 35095189 PMCID: PMC8787646 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although the whole world is currently observing the global battle against COVID-19, it should not be underestimated that in the next 30 years, approximately 10 million people per year could be exposed to infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria. As new antibiotics come under pressure from unpredictable resistance patterns and relegation to last-line therapy, immediate action is needed to establish a radically different approach to countering resistant microorganisms. Among the most widely explored alternative methods for combating bacterial infections are metal complexes and nanoparticles, often in combination with light, but strategies using monoclonal antibodies and bacteriophages are increasingly gaining acceptance. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) uses light and a dye termed a photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the field of illumination that eventually kill microorganisms. Over the past few years, hundreds of photomaterials have been investigated, seeking ideal strategies based either on single molecules (e.g., tetrapyrroles, metal complexes) or in combination with various delivery systems. The present work describes some of the most recent advances of PDI, focusing on the design of suitable photosensitizers, their formulations, and their potential to inactivate bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Particular attention is focused on the compounds and materials developed in our laboratories that are capable of killing in the exponential growth phase (up to seven logarithmic units) of bacteria without loss of efficacy or resistance, while being completely safe for human cells. Prospectively, PDI using these photomaterials could potentially cure infected wounds and oral infections caused by various multidrug-resistant bacteria. It is also possible to treat the surfaces of medical equipment with the materials described, in order to disinfect them with light, and reduce the risk of nosocomial infections.
Collapse
|
66
|
Peraman R, Chinni S, Sure SK, Kutagulla VK, Peraman M, V.N. A, Y. PR. Anti-evolution Drugs: A New Paradigm to Combat Drug Resistance. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666210804142612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Drug resistance confronts chemotherapy of neoplasm and microbial infections. A vast
array of molecular mechanisms was implicated in drug resistance, including generation of drug efflux
transporters, mutation of drug targets, and alteration of drug metabolism. With the alarming rate
of increase in drug resistance, pathogens are bolstering in such a way that many new drugs face efficacy
problems within a short span of entry into the market. Evolution is the driving force towards the
development of drug resistance. By adopting the modern genomic and functionomic analytical techniques,
scientists have now identified novel genes and signalling proteins involved in the evolution
of drug resistance in microorganisms. Given the current knowledge of bacterial evolution, antibiotic
drug discovery is ready for a paradigm shift to explore the newer ways to tackle drug resistance. The
article discusses such recent developments and reviews their merits and demerits in an attempt to
envisage the findings in this new domain of medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Peraman
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Santhivardhan Chinni
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Sure
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Kutagulla
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | | | - Azger V.N.
- ICMR-National
Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, TN, 600031, India
| | - Padmanabha Reddy Y.
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Singh V, Kuss S. Pico-molar electrochemical detection of ciprofloxacin at composite electrodes. Analyst 2022; 147:3773-3782. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00645f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid determination of ciprofloxacin at OCNTs-PDA-Ag sensors enables environmental monitoring and future bioelectrochemical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Singh
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Sabine Kuss
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Seong HJ, Kim JJ, Kim T, Ahn SJ, Rho M, Sul WJ. A case study on the distribution of the environmental resistome in Korean shrimp farms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112858. [PMID: 34653940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of tons of antibiotics are widely used in aquaculture to prevent microbial infections and promote fish growth. However, the overuse of antibiotics and chemical products can lead to the selection and spreading of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), which are of great concern considering the threat to public health worldwide. Here, in-depth metagenome sequencing was performed to explore the environmental resistome and ARB distribution across farming stages in shrimp farms and examine anthropogenic effects in nearby coastal waters. A genome-centric analysis using a metagenome binning approach allowed us to accurately investigate the distribution of pathogens and ARG hosts in shrimp farms. The diversity of resistomes was higher in shrimp farms than in coastal waters, and the distribution of resistomes was dependent on the farming stage. In particular, the tetracycline resistance gene was found mainly at the early post-larval stage regardless of the farm. The metagenome-assembled genomes of Vibrio spp. were dominant at this stage and harbored tet34, which is known to confer resistance to oxytetracycline. In addition, opportunistic pathogens such as Francisella, Mycoplasma, Photobacterium, and Vibrio were found in abundance in shrimp farms, which had multiple virulence factors. This study highlights the increased resistance diversity and environmental selection of pathogens in shrimp farms. The use of environmental pollutants on farms may cause an increase in resistome diversity/abundance and the transmission of pathogens to the surrounding environment, which may pose future risks to public health and aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Je Seong
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ju Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyune Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Ahn
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Rho
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jun Sul
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Metagenomic and Recombination Analyses of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes from Recreational Waters of Black Sea Coastal Areas and Other Marine Environments Unveil Extensive Evidence for Their both Intrageneric and Intergeneric Transmission across Genetically Very Diverse Microbial Communities. Mar Genomics 2021; 61:100916. [PMID: 34922301 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2021.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Microbial communities of marine coastal recreation waters have become large reservoirs of AMR genes (ARGs), contributing to the emergence and transmission of various zoonotic, foodborne and other infections that exhibit resistance to various antibiotics. Thus, it is highly imperative to determine ARGs assemblages as well as mechanisms and trajectories of their transmission across these microbial communities for our better understanding of the evolutionary trends of AMR (AMR). In this study, using metagenomics approaches, we screened for ARGs in recreation waters of the Black Sea coastal areas of the Batumi City (Georgia). Also, a large array of the recombination detection algorithms of the SplitsTree, RDP4, and GARD was applied to elucidate genetic recombination of ARGs and trajectories of their transmission across various marine microbial communities. The metagenomics analyses of sea water samples, obtained from across the above marine sites, could identify putative ARGs encoding for multidrug resistance efflux transporters mainly from the Major Facilitator and Resistance Nodulation Division superfamilies. The data, generated by SplitsTree (fit ≥95.619; bootstrap values ≥ 95; Phi p ≤ 0.0494), RDP4 (p ≤ 0.0490), and GARD, provided strong statistical evidence not only for intrageneric recombination of these ARGs, but also for their intergeneric recombination across fairly large and diverse microbial communities of marine environment. These bacteria included both human pathogenic and nonpathogenic species, exhibiting collectively the genera of Vibrio, Aeromonas, Synechococcus, Citromicrobium, Rhodobacteraceae, Pseudoalteromonas, Altererythrobacter, Erythrobacter, Altererythrobacter, Marivivens, Xuhuaishuia, and Loktanella. The above nonpathogenic bacteria are strongly suggested to contribute to ARGs transmission in marine ecosystems.
Collapse
|
70
|
Isolation, Characterization, and Antibiofilm Activity of Pigments Synthesized by Rhodococcus sp. SC1. Curr Microbiol 2021; 79:15. [PMID: 34905097 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Infections from multi-drug resistant bacteria and biofilms constitute a serious problem worldwide. There is a need for new antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds in the fight against infectious diseases. In recent years, pigment-producing microorganisms have drawn a great deal of attention as a promising source for antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds. Here, we report the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of pigments synthesized by bacteria isolated from soil. This study aimed to perform an evaluation of the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and characteristic of crude pigments from Rhodococcus sp. SC1 isolates. The total pigment extract exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference bacteria with required minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 64 to 256 µg/ml. Moreover, it reduced biofilm formation of Gram-negative reference bacteria at sub-MIC concentration. For characterization of the pigments, UV-absorbance, thin layer chromatography, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and QTOF-LC/MS analyses were performed. The results of this study showed that pigments of Rhodococcus sp. SC1 isolates can be a candidate for medical applications.
Collapse
|
71
|
Ma W, Jiang X, Dou Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Yuan B, Yang K. Biophysical Impact of Lipid A Modification Caused by Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene on Bacterial Outer Membranes. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11629-11635. [PMID: 34817187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Expression of mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 results in the addition of phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) to the lipid A headgroup in the bacterial outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria, increasing the resistance to the last-line polymyxins. However, the potential biological consequences of such modification remain unclear. Using coarse-grained molecular simulations with quantitative lipidomics models, we discovered pEtN modification of the lipid A headgroup caused substantial changes to the morphology and physicochemical properties of the OM. Single-lipid level structural and energetic analyses revealed that this modification resulted in lipid A-pEtN adopting an abnormally twisted and slanted conformation with a closer packing state because of strengthened inter-lipid attraction. The consequent accumulation of lipid A-pEtN produced a negative curvature of the OM and altered the membrane's tension, fluidity, and rigidity. Our results provide a key mechanistic connection between mcr-1 expression and biophysical changes in the bacterial OM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Ma
- School of Electronic Information, Dongguan Polytechnic, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xukai Jiang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yujiang Dou
- School of Electronic Information, Dongguan Polytechnic, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jian Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Infection Program, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Bing Yuan
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Livshits MY, Yang J, Maghsoodi F, Scheberl A, Greer SM, Khalil MI, Strach E, Brown D, Stein BW, Reimhult E, Rack JJ, Chi E, Whitten DG. Understanding the Photochemical Properties of Polythiophene Polyelectrolyte Soft Aggregates with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for Antimicrobial Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55953-55965. [PMID: 34788015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an ever-increasing problem in public health. In this report, we examine the photochemical properties with a proof-of-principle biocidal assay for a novel series of regio-regular imidazolium derivative poly-(3-hexylthiophene)/sodium dodecyl sulfate (P3HT-Im/SDS) materials from ultrafast sub-ps dynamics to μs generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 30 min biocidal reactivity with Escherichia coli (E. coli). This broad series encompassing pure P3HT-Im to cationic, neutral, and anionic P3HT-Im/SDS materials are all interrogated by a variety of techniques to characterize the physical material structure, electronic structure, and antimicrobial activity. Our results show that SDS complexation with P3HT-Im results in aggregate materials with reduced ROS generation and light-induced anti-microbial activity. However, our characterization reveals that the presence of non-aggregated or lightly SDS-covered polymer segments is still capable of ROS generation. Full encapsulation of the P3HT-Im polymer completely deactivates the light killing pathway. High SDS concentrations, near and above critical micelle concentration, further deactivate all anti-microbial activity (light and dark) even though the P3HT-Im regains its electronic properties to generate ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Y Livshits
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Jianzhong Yang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Fahimeh Maghsoodi
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Andrea Scheberl
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU Wien) Muthgasse 11-II, Vienna A-1190, Austria
| | - Samuel M Greer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Mohammed I Khalil
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Edward Strach
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Dylan Brown
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Benjamin W Stein
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU Wien) Muthgasse 11-II, Vienna A-1190, Austria
| | - Jeffrey J Rack
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Eva Chi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - David G Whitten
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Baral P, Hann K, Pokhrel B, Koirala T, Thapa R, Bijukchhe SM, Khogali M. Annual consumption of parenteral antibiotics in a tertiary hospital of Nepal, 2017-2019: a cross-sectional study. Public Health Action 2021; 11:52-57. [PMID: 34778016 PMCID: PMC8575388 DOI: 10.5588/pha.21.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Patan Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Lalitpur District, Nepal. OBJECTIVES To describe the annual parenteral antibiotic consumption in 1) defined daily dose (DDD) and DDD per 100 admissions; 2) calculate DDD per 100 admissions and proportions by pharmacological subgroup, chemical subgroup and AWaRe categories; and 3) describe patient expenditure on parenteral antibiotics as a proportion of the total patient expenditure on drugs and consumables between 2017 and 2019. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. RESULTS Total DDD of parenteral antibiotics increased by 23% from 39,639.7 in 2017 to 48,947.7 in 2019. DDD per 100 admissions increased by 10% from 172.1 in 2017 to 190.2 in 2019. Other beta-lactam antibacterials comprised the most frequently consumed pharmacological subgroup. The chemical substance most often consumed was ceftriaxone, with an increasing trend in the consumption of vancomycin and meropenem. Parenteral antibiotics in 'Watch' category were the most consumed over the study period, with a decreasing trend in 'Access' and increasing trend in 'Reserve' categories. CONCLUSION We aimed to understand the consumption of parenteral antibiotics at a tertiary care hospital and found that Watch antibiotics comprised the bulk of antibiotic consumption. Overconsumption of antibiotics from the 'Watch' and 'Reserve' categories can promote antimicrobial resistance; recommendations were therefore made for their rational use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Baral
- Department of Pharmacy, Modern Technical College, Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - K Hann
- Sustainable Health System, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - B Pokhrel
- Department of Paediatrics, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - T Koirala
- Dasharathpur Primary Health Centre, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Surkhet, Nepal
| | - R Thapa
- Department of Pharmacy, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - S M Bijukchhe
- Department of Paediatrics, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - M Khogali
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Santos MI, Lima A, Mota J, Rebelo P, Ferreira RB, Pedroso L, Ferreira MA, Sousa I. Extended Cheese Whey Fermentation Produces a Novel Casein-Derived Antibacterial Polypeptide That Also Inhibits Gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011130. [PMID: 34681790 PMCID: PMC8541382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous works produced a whey fermentation methodology that yielded antibacterial activity and potential inhibition of matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2 and -9. Here, we evaluated if these activities were due to fermentation-produced peptides. Prolonged fermentation was carried out in the presence of our specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consortium. LAB fermentation yielded a total of 11 polypeptides, which were predominantly produced after 6 days of fermentation. One which was derived from beat casein presented a particularly high antibacterial activity against food pathogenic bacteria and was more effective than standard food disinfectants. This polypeptide was further studied and was also found to be active against several strains of pathogenic bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in a dose-dependent manner. It also inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 whilst reducing HT29 cancer cell migration in vitro. Overall, this novel whey-derived polypeptide presents dual antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, revealing a strong potential to be used in functional foods or as a nutraceutical. Its identification and further characterization can open novel perspectives in the field of preventive/curative diets related to gut microbiota, gut inflammation, and cancer prevention, particularly if used in in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Santos
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Lima
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Mota
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rebelo
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Laurentina Pedroso
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Adélia Ferreira
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Isabel Sousa
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Easwaran M, Ahn J. Advances in bacteriophage-mediated control strategies to reduce bacterial virulence. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
76
|
Guo K, Zhao Y, Cui L, Cao Z, Zhang F, Wang X, Feng J, Dai M. The Influencing Factors of Bacterial Resistance Related to Livestock Farm: Sources and Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2021.650347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance is a complex scientific issue. To manage this issue, we need to deeply understand the influencing factors and mechanisms. Based on the background of livestock husbandry, this paper reviews the factors that affect the acquisition of bacterial resistance. Meanwhile, the resistance mechanism is also discussed. “Survival of the fittest” is the result of genetic plasticity of bacterial pathogens, which brings about specific response, such as producing adaptive mutation, gaining genetic material or changing gene expression. To a large extent, bacterial populations acquire resistance genes directly caused by the selective pressure of antibiotics. However, mobile resistance genes may be co-selected by other existing substances (such as heavy metals and biocides) without direct selection pressure from antibiotics. This is because the same mobile genetic elements as antibiotic resistance genes can be co-located by the resistance determinants of some of these compounds. Furthermore, environmental factors are a source of resistance gene acquisition. Here, we describe some of the key measures that should be taken to mitigate the risk of antibiotic resistance. We call on the relevant governments or organizations around the world to formulate and improve the monitoring policies of antibiotic resistance, strengthen the supervision, strengthen the international cooperation and exchange, and curb the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains.
Collapse
|
77
|
Basu N, Ghosh R. Recent chemical syntheses of bacteria related oligosaccharides using modern expeditious approaches. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108295. [PMID: 34271477 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Apart from some essential and crucial roles in life processes carbohydrates also are involved in a few detrimental courses of action related to human health, like infections by pathogenic microbes, cancer metastasis, transplanted tissue rejection, etc. Regarding management of pathogenesis by microbes, keeping in mind of multi drug-resistant bacteria and epidemic or endemic incidents, preventive measure by vaccination is the best pathway as also recommended by the WHO; by vaccination, eradication of bacterial diseases is also possible. Although some valid vaccines based on attenuated bacterial cells or isolated pure polysaccharide-antigens or the corresponding conjugates thereof are available in the market for prevention of several bacterial diseases, but these are not devoid of some disadvantages also. In order to develop improved conjugate T-cell dependent vaccines oligosaccharides related to bacterial antigens are synthesized and converted to the corresponding carrier protein conjugates. Marketed Cuban Quimi-Hib is such a vaccine being used since 2004 to resist Haemophilus influenza b infections. During nearly the past two decades research is going on worldwide for improved synthesis of bacteria related oligosaccharides or polysaccharides towards development of such semisynthetic or synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines. The present dissertation is an endeavour to encompass the recent syntheses of several pathogenic bacterial oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, made during the past ten-eleven years with special reference to modern expeditious syntheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabamita Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Nabagram Hiralal Paul College, Konnagar, Hoogly, West Bengal, 712246, India
| | - Rina Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Di Lallo G, Falconi M, Iacovelli F, Frezza D, D'Addabbo P. Analysis of Four New Enterococcus faecalis Phages and Modeling of a Hyaluronidase Catalytic Domain from Saphexavirus. PHAGE (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2021; 2:131-141. [PMID: 36161247 PMCID: PMC9041502 DOI: 10.1089/phage.2021.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: Phage therapy (PT), as a method to treat bacterial infections, needs identification of bacteriophages targeting specific pathogenic host. Enterococcus faecalis, a Gram-positive coccus resident in the human gastrointestinal tract, may become pathogenic in hospitalized patients showing acquired resistance to vancomycin and thus representing a possible target for PT. Materials and Methods: We isolated four phages that infect E. faecalis and characterized them by host range screening, transmission electron microscopy, and genome sequencing. We also identified and three-dimensional modeled a new hyaluronidase enzyme. Results: The four phages belong to Siphoviridae family: three Efquatrovirus (namely vB_EfaS_TV51, vB_EfaS_TV54, and vB_EfaS_TV217) and one Saphexavirus (vB_EfaS_TV16). All of them are compatible with lytic cycle. vB_EfaS_TV16 moreover presents a gene encoding for a hyaluronidase enzyme. Conclusions: The identified phages show features suggesting their useful application in PT, particularly the Saphexavirus that may be of enhanced relevance in PT because of its potential biofilm-digestion capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Di Lallo
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Mattia Falconi
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Department of Biology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Federico Iacovelli
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Department of Biology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Domenico Frezza
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Pietro D'Addabbo
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Address correspondence to: Pietro D'Addabbo, PhD, Computational Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Schroven K, Aertsen A, Lavigne R. Bacteriophages as drivers of bacterial virulence and their potential for biotechnological exploitation. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:5902850. [PMID: 32897318 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria-infecting viruses (phages) and their hosts maintain an ancient and complex relationship. Bacterial predation by lytic phages drives an ongoing phage-host arms race, whereas temperate phages initiate mutualistic relationships with their hosts upon lysogenization as prophages. In human pathogens, these prophages impact bacterial virulence in distinct ways: by secretion of phage-encoded toxins, modulation of the bacterial envelope, mediation of bacterial infectivity and the control of bacterial cell regulation. This review builds the argument that virulence-influencing prophages hold extensive, unexplored potential for biotechnology. More specifically, it highlights the development potential of novel therapies against infectious diseases, to address the current antibiotic resistance crisis. First, designer bacteriophages may serve to deliver genes encoding cargo proteins which repress bacterial virulence. Secondly, one may develop small molecules mimicking phage-derived proteins targeting central regulators of bacterial virulence. Thirdly, bacteria equipped with phage-derived synthetic circuits which modulate key virulence factors could serve as vaccine candidates to prevent bacterial infections. The development and exploitation of such antibacterial strategies will depend on the discovery of other prophage-derived, virulence control mechanisms and, more generally, on the dissection of the mutualistic relationship between temperate phages and bacteria, as well as on continuing developments in the synthetic biology field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaat Schroven
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abram Aertsen
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Vidyarthi AJ, Das A, Chaudhry R. Antimicrobial resistance and COVID-19 syndemic: Impact on public health. Drug Discov Ther 2021; 15:124-129. [PMID: 34234060 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The COVID -19 pandemic has had a catastrophic impact on the global economy and the healthcare industry. Unfortunately, the scientific community still hasn't discovered a definite cure for this virus. Also, owing to the unscrupulous use of antibiotics in wake of the current situation, another ongoing pandemic of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been entirely eclipsed. However, increased compliance to infection control measures like hand hygiene (both at hospital and community level), and restricted travel might be favorable. It is evident that the AMR strategies will be impacted disproportionately varying with the respective policies followed by the countries and hospitals to deal with the pandemic. The vaccination drive initiated globally has provided a glimmer of hope. In this article, the possible reciprocity between the two contemporaneous pandemics has been addressed. The world needs to be vigilant to punctuate the symphony between these lethal threats to global health. The restraint to combat against AMR will be boosted as our discernment of the problem also changes with the epidemiological interplay becoming more apparent in near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashima Jain Vidyarthi
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delh, India
| | - Arghya Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delh, India
| | - Rama Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delh, India
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Hernandez-Davies JE, Felgner J, Strohmeier S, Pone EJ, Jain A, Jan S, Nakajima R, Jasinskas A, Strahsburger E, Krammer F, Felgner PL, Davies DH. Administration of Multivalent Influenza Virus Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine in Combination-Adjuvant Elicits Broad Reactivity Beyond the Vaccine Components. Front Immunol 2021; 12:692151. [PMID: 34335601 PMCID: PMC8318558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.692151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining variant antigens into a multivalent vaccine is a traditional approach used to provide broad coverage against antigenically variable pathogens, such as polio, human papilloma and influenza viruses. However, strategies for increasing the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine are not well understood, but may provide more anticipatory protection. Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a prototypic variant antigen. Vaccines that induce HA-specific neutralizing antibodies lose efficacy as amino acid substitutions accumulate in neutralizing epitopes during influenza virus evolution. Here we studied the effect of a potent combination adjuvant (CpG/MPLA/squalene-in-water emulsion) on the breadth and maturation of the antibody response to a representative variant of HA subtypes H1, H5 and H7. Using HA protein microarrays and antigen-specific B cell labelling, we show when administered individually, each HA elicits a cross-reactive antibody profile for multiple variants within the same subtype and other closely-related subtypes (homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, respectively). Despite a capacity for each subtype to induce heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, broader coverage was elicited by simply combining the subtypes into a multivalent vaccine. Importantly, multiplexing did not compromise antibody avidity or affinity maturation to the individual HA constituents. The use of adjuvants to increase the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine antigens may help future-proof vaccines against newly-emerging variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny E. Hernandez-Davies
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jiin Felgner
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Egest James Pone
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Aarti Jain
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Sharon Jan
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Rie Nakajima
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Algimantas Jasinskas
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Erwin Strahsburger
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philip L. Felgner
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - D. Huw Davies
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Yin H, Zhou M, Chen X, Wan TF, Jin L, Rao SS, Tan YJ, Duan R, Zhang Y, Wang ZX, Wang YY, He ZH, Luo MJ, Hu XK, Wang Y, Situ WY, Tang SY, Liu WE, Chen CY, Xie H. Fructose-coated Ångstrom silver prevents sepsis by killing bacteria and attenuating bacterial toxin-induced injuries. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:8152-8171. [PMID: 34373734 PMCID: PMC8344005 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Serious infection caused by multi-drug-resistant bacteria is a major threat to human health. Bacteria can invade the host tissue and produce various toxins to damage or kill host cells, which may induce life-threatening sepsis. Here, we aimed to explore whether fructose-coated Ångstrom-scale silver particles (F-AgÅPs), which were prepared by our self-developed evaporation-condensation system and optimized coating approach, could kill bacteria and sequester bacterial toxins to attenuate fatal bacterial infections. Methods: A series of in vitro assays were conducted to test the anti-bacterial efficacy of F-AgÅPs, and to investigate whether F-AgÅPs could protect against multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)- and Escherichia coli (E. coli)-induced cell death, and suppress their toxins (S. aureus hemolysin and E. coli lipopolysaccharide)-induced cell injury or inflammation. The mouse models of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)- or E. coli bloodstream infection-induced lethal sepsis were established to assess whether the intravenous administration of F-AgÅPs could decrease bacterial burden, inhibit inflammation, and improve the survival rates of mice. The levels of silver in urine and feces of mice were examined to evaluate the excretion of F-AgÅPs. Results: F-AgÅPs efficiently killed various bacteria that can cause lethal infections and also competed with host cells to bind with S. aureus α-hemolysin, thus blocking its cytotoxic activity. F-AgÅPs inhibited E. coli lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial injury and macrophage inflammation, but not by directly binding to lipopolysaccharide. F-AgÅPs potently reduced bacterial burden, reversed dysregulated inflammation, and enhanced survival in mice with CLP- or E. coli bloodstream infection-induced sepsis, either alone or combined with antibiotic therapy. After three times injections within 48 h, 79.18% of F-AgÅPs were excreted via feces at the end of the 14-day observation period. Conclusion: This study suggests the prospect of F-AgÅPs as a promising intravenous agent for treating severe bacterial infections.
Collapse
|
83
|
Hu Z, Benkoulouche M, Barel LA, Le Heiget G, Ben Imeddourene A, Le Guen Y, Monties N, Guerreiro C, Remaud-Siméon M, Moulis C, André I, Mulard LA. Convergent Chemoenzymatic Strategy to Deliver a Diversity of Shigella flexneri Serotype-Specific O-Antigen Segments from a Unique Lightly Protected Tetrasaccharide Core. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2058-2075. [PMID: 32700907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Progress in glycoscience is strongly dependent on the availability of broadly diverse tailor-made, well-defined, and often complex oligosaccharides. Herein, going beyond natural resources and aiming to circumvent chemical boundaries in glycochemistry, we tackle the development of an in vitro chemoenzymatic strategy holding great potential to answer the need for molecular diversity characterizing microbial cell-surface carbohydrates. The concept is exemplified in the context of Shigella flexneri, a major cause of diarrhoeal disease. Aiming at a broad serotype coverage S. flexneri glycoconjugate vaccine, a non-natural lightly protected tetrasaccharide was designed for compatibility with (i) serotype-specific glucosylations and O-acetylations defining S. flexneri O-antigens, (ii) recognition by suitable α-transglucosylases, and (iii) programmed oligomerization following enzymatic α-d-glucosylation. The tetrasaccharide core was chemically synthesized from two crystalline monosaccharide precursors. Six α-transglucosylases found in the glycoside hydrolase family 70 were shown to transfer glucosyl residues on the non-natural acceptor. The successful proof of concept is achieved for a pentasaccharide featuring the glucosylation pattern from the S. flexneri type IV O-antigen. It demonstrates the potential of appropriately planned chemoenzymatic pathways involving non-natural acceptors and low-cost donor/transglucosylase systems to achieve the demanding regioselective α-d-glucosylation of large substrates, paving the way to microbial oligosaccharides of vaccinal interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Hu
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Mounir Benkoulouche
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Louis-Antoine Barel
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Le Heiget
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 93430 Paris, France
| | - Akli Ben Imeddourene
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Yann Le Guen
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Nelly Monties
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Catherine Guerreiro
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Magali Remaud-Siméon
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Claire Moulis
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Isabelle André
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Laurence A Mulard
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Recombinant Ax21 protein is a promising subunit vaccine candidate against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a murine infection model. Vaccine 2021; 39:4471-4480. [PMID: 34187706 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging pathogen that can cause several disease manifestations such as bacteremia, meningitis, respiratory tract infections and others. More seriously, this pathogen has a highly evolving antibiotic resistance profile. Antibiotic misuse is further aggravating the situation by inducing the development of multi- and even pan-resistance. Thus, employing diverse strategies to overcome this increasing antibiotic resistance is of paramount importance. In general, vaccination is one of these strategies that prevents the onset of infection, provides long term protection against infection, and most importantly diminishes the antibiotic consumption, thus, resulting in controlling resistance. Unfortunately, vaccine research concerning S. maltophilia is very scarce in the literature. Ax21 protein is an outer membrane protein implicated in several virulence mechanisms of S. maltophilia such as quorum sensing, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance. Our computational analysis of Ax21 revealed its potential immunogenicity. In the current study, Ax21 protein of S. maltophilia was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Mice were immunized with the purified recombinant antigen using Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG) and incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) as immune-adjuvants. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed significant antigen-specific IgG1, IgG2a and total IgG levels in immunized mice which reflected successful immune stimulation. Immunized mice that were challenged with S. maltophilia showed a substantialreduction in bacterial bioburden in lungs, liver, kidneys, and heart. In addition, liver histological examination demonstrated a remarkable decrease in pathological signs such as necrosis, vacuolation, bile duct fibrosis and necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and hemorrhage. Whole cell ELISA and opsonophagocytic assay confirmed the ability of serum antibodies from immunized mice to bind and facilitate phagocytosis of S. maltophilia, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the vaccine protective efficacy of Ax21 outer membrane protein against S. maltophilia infection.
Collapse
|
85
|
Fraser JL, Alimi YH, Varma JK, Muraya T, Kujinga T, Carter VK, Schultsz C, Del Rio Vilas VJ. Antimicrobial resistance control efforts in Africa: a survey of the role of Civil Society Organisations. Glob Health Action 2021; 14:1868055. [PMID: 33475046 PMCID: PMC7833050 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2020.1868055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health threat in Africa. AMR prevention and control requires coordination across multiple sectors of government and civil society partners. Objectives: To assess the current role, needs, and capacities of CSOs working in AMR in Africa. Methods: We conducted an online survey of 35 CSOs working in 37 countries across Africa. The survey asked about priorities for AMR, current AMR-specific activities, monitoring practices, training needs, and preferences for sharing information on AMR. Further data were gathered on the main roles of the organisations, the length of time engaged in and budget spent on AMR-related activities, and their involvement in the development and implementation of National Action Plans (NAPs). Results were assessed against The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance (2018–2023). Results: CSOs with AMR-related activities are working in all four areas of Africa CDC’s Framework: improving surveillance, delaying emergence, limiting transmission, and mitigating harm from infections caused by AMR microorganisms. Engagement with the four objectives is mainly through advocacy, followed by accountability and service delivery. There were limited monitoring activities reported by CSOs, with only seven (20%) providing an example metric used to monitor their activities related to AMR, and 27 (80%) CSOs reporting having no AMR-related strategy. Half the CSOs reported engaging with the development and implementation of NAPs; however, only three CSOs are aligning their work with these national strategies. Conclusion: CSOs across Africa are supporting AMR prevention and control, however, there is potential for more engagement. Africa CDC and other government agencies should support the training of CSOs in strategies to control AMR. Tailored training programmes can build knowledge of AMR, capacity for monitoring processes, and facilitate further identification of CSOs’ contribution to the AMR Framework and alignment with NAPs and regional strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Fraser
- Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yewande H Alimi
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jay K Varma
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Vanessa K Carter
- Healthcare Communications and Social Media South Africa , South Africa
| | - Constance Schultsz
- Department of Global Health-Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Ghavamian S, Hay ID, Habibi R, Lithgow T, Cadarso VJ. Three-Dimensional Micropatterning Deters Early Bacterial Adherence and Can Eliminate Colonization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23339-23351. [PMID: 33974396 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing strategies to prevent bacterial infections that do not rely on the use of drugs is regarded globally as an important means to stem the tide of antimicrobial resistance, as argued by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Mendelson, M.; Matsoso, M. P. The World Health Organization Global Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance. S. Afr. Med. J. 2015, 105 (5), 325-325. DOI: 10.7196/SAMJ.9644). Given that many antimicrobial-resistant infections are caused by the bacterial colonization of indwelling medical devices such as catheters and ventilators, the use of microengineered surfaces to prevent the initial attachment of microbes to these devices is a promising solution. In this work, it is demonstrated that 3D engineered surfaces can inhibit the initial phases of surface colonization for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, representing the three most common catheter-associated urinary tract bacterial infections, identified by the WHO as urgent threats. A variety of designs including 11 different topographies and configurations that exhibited random distributions, sharp protrusions, and/or curvilinear shapes with dimensions ranging between 500 nm and 2 μm were tested to better understand the initial stages of surface colonization and how to optimize the design of fabricated surfaces for improved inhibition. These topographies were fabricated in two configurations to obtain either a standard 2D cross section or a 3D engineered topography using a novel UV lithography process enabling cost-efficient high-throughput manufacturing. Evaluating both the number of adhered bacteria and microcolonies formed by all three bacterial pathogens on the different surfaces provides insight into the initial colonization phase of bacterial growth on the various surfaces. The results demonstrate that both initial attachment and subsequent colonization can be significantly reduced on concrete 3D engineered patterns when compared to flat substrates and standard 2D micropatterns. Thus, this technology has great potential to reduce the colonization of bacteria on surfaces in clinical settings without the need for chemical treatments that might enhance antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghavamian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Iain D Hay
- Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Ruhollah Habibi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Trevor Lithgow
- Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Victor J Cadarso
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Wei H, Yang XY, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy on Microbial Cell Surfaces: A Forgotten Method for the Characterization of Microorganisms Encapsulated With Surface-Engineered Shells. Front Chem 2021; 9:666159. [PMID: 33968904 PMCID: PMC8100684 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.666159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation of single microbial cells by surface-engineered shells has great potential for the protection of yeasts and bacteria against harsh environmental conditions, such as elevated temperatures, UV light, extreme pH values, and antimicrobials. Encapsulation with functionalized shells can also alter the surface characteristics of cells in a way that can make them more suitable to perform their function in complex environments, including bio-reactors, bio-fuel production, biosensors, and the human body. Surface-engineered shells bear as an advantage above genetically-engineered microorganisms that the protection and functionalization added are temporary and disappear upon microbial growth, ultimately breaking a shell. Therewith, the danger of creating a "super-bug," resistant to all known antimicrobial measures does not exist for surface-engineered shells. Encapsulating shells around single microorganisms are predominantly characterized by electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particulate micro-electrophoresis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and X-ray diffraction. It is amazing that X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) is forgotten as a method to characterize encapsulated yeasts and bacteria. XPS was introduced several decades ago to characterize the elemental composition of microbial cell surfaces. Microbial sample preparation requires freeze-drying which leaves microorganisms intact. Freeze-dried microorganisms form a powder that can be easily pressed in small cups, suitable for insertion in the high vacuum of an XPS machine and obtaining high resolution spectra. Typically, XPS measures carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and phosphorus as the most common elements in microbial cell surfaces. Models exist to transform these compositions into well-known, biochemical cell surface components, including proteins, polysaccharides, chitin, glucan, teichoic acid, peptidoglycan, and hydrocarbon like components. Moreover, elemental surface compositions of many different microbial strains and species in freeze-dried conditions, related with zeta potentials of microbial cells, measured in a hydrated state. Relationships between elemental surface compositions measured using XPS in vacuum with characteristics measured in a hydrated state have been taken as a validation of microbial cell surface XPS. Despite the merits of microbial cell surface XPS, XPS has seldom been applied to characterize the many different types of surface-engineered shells around yeasts and bacteria currently described in the literature. In this review, we aim to advocate the use of XPS as a forgotten method for microbial cell surface characterization, for use on surface-engineered shells encapsulating microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wei
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Xiao-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Henny C. van der Mei
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Henk J. Busscher
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Alternatives to Antibiotics: A Symposium on the Challenges and Solutions for Animal Health and Production. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050471. [PMID: 33918995 PMCID: PMC8142984 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have improved the length and quality of life of people worldwide and have had an immeasurable influence on agricultural animal health and the efficiency of animal production over the last 60 years. The increased affordability of animal protein for a greater proportion of the global population, in which antibiotic use has played a crucial part, has resulted in a substantial improvement in human quality of life. However, these benefits have come with major unintended consequences, including antibiotic resistance. Despite the inherent benefits of restricting antibiotic use in animal production, antibiotics remain essential to ensuring animal health, necessitating the development of novel approaches to replace the prophylactic and growth-promoting benefits of antibiotics. The third International Symposium on “Alternatives to Antibiotics: Challenges and Solutions in Animal Health and Production” in Bangkok, Thailand was organized by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University and Department of Livestock Development-Thailand Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative; supported by OIE World Organization for Animal Health; and attended by more than 500 scientists from academia, industry, and government from 32 nations across 6 continents. The focus of the symposium was on ensuring human and animal health, food safety, and improving food animal production efficiency as well as quality. Attendees explored six subject areas in detail through scientific presentations and panel discussions with experts, and the major conclusions were as follows: (1) defining the mechanisms of action of antibiotic alternatives is paramount to enable their effective use, whether they are used for prevention, treatment, or to enhance health and production; (2) there is a need to integrate nutrition, health, and disease research, and host genetics needs to be considered in this regard; (3) a combination of alternatives to antibiotics may need to be considered to achieve optimum health and disease management in different animal production systems; (4) hypothesis-driven field trials with proper controls are needed to validate the safety, efficacy, and return of investment (ROI) of antibiotic alternatives.
Collapse
|
89
|
Hanna CC, Hermant YO, Harris PWR, Brimble MA. Discovery, Synthesis, and Optimization of Peptide-Based Antibiotics. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1878-1890. [PMID: 33750106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The rise of multidrug resistant bacteria has significantly compromised our supply of antibiotics and poses an alarming medical and economic threat to society. To combat this problem, it is imperative that new antibiotics and treatment modalities be developed, especially those toward which bacteria are less capable of developing resistance. Peptide natural products stand as promising candidates to meet this need as bacterial resistance is typically slow in response to their unique modes of action. They also have additional benefits including favorable modulation of host immune responses and often possess broad-spectrum activity against notoriously treatment resistant bacterial biofilms. Moreover, nature has provided a wealth of peptide-based natural products from a range of sources, including bacteria and fungi, which can be hijacked in order to combat more dangerous clinically relevant infections.This Account highlights recent advances in the total synthesis and development of a range of peptide-based natural product antibiotics and details the medicinal chemistry approaches used to optimize their activity.In the context of antibiotics with potential to treat Gram-positive bacterial infections, this Account covers the synthesis and optimization of the natural products daptomycin, glycocin F, and alamethicin. In particular, the reported synthesis of daptomycin highlights the utility of on-resin ozonolysis for accessing a key kynurenine residue from the canonical amino acid tryptophan. Furthermore, the investigation into glycocin F analogues uncovered a potent lead compound against Lactobacillus plantarum that bears a non-native thioacetal linkage to a N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) sugar, which is otherwise O-linked in its native form.For mycobacterial infections, this Account covers the synthesis and optimization of teixobactin, callyaerin A, lassomycin, and trichoderin A. The synthesis of callyaerin A, in particular, highlighted the importance of a (Z)-2,3-diaminoacrylamide motif for antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, while the synthesis of trichoderin A highlighted the importance of (R)-stereoconfiguration in a key 2-amino-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-oxodecanoic acid (AHMOD) residue.Lastly, this Account covers lipopeptide antibiotics bearing activity toward Gram-negative bacterial infections, namely, battacin and paenipeptin C. In both cases, optimization of the N-terminal lipid tails led to the identification of analogues with potent activity toward Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron C. Hanna
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yann O. Hermant
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Hind LE, Giese MA, Schoen TJ, Beebe DJ, Keller N, Huttenlocher A. Immune Cell Paracrine Signaling Drives the Neutrophil Response to A. fumigatus in an Infection-on-a-Chip Model. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 14:133-145. [PMID: 33868496 PMCID: PMC8010091 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-020-00655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neutrophils act as first responders during an infection, following signals from the pathogen as well as other host cells to migrate from blood vessels to the site of infection. This tightly regulated process is critical for pathogen clearance and, in many cases, eliminates the pathogen without the need for an additional immune response. It is, therefore, critical to understand what signals drive neutrophil migration to infection in a physiologically relevant environment. METHODS In this study, we used an infection-on-a-chip model to recapitulate many important aspects of the infectious microenvironment including an endothelial blood vessel, an extracellular matrix, and the environmental fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. We then used this model to visualize the innate immune response to fungal infection. RESULTS We found that A. fumigatus germination dynamics are influenced by the presence of an endothelial lumen. Furthermore, we demonstrated that neutrophils are recruited to and swarm around A. fumigatus hyphae and that the presence of monocytes significantly increases the neutrophil response to A. fumigatus. Using secreted protein analysis and blocking antibodies, we found that this increased migration is likely due to signaling by MIP-1 family proteins. Finally, we demonstrated that signal relay between neutrophils, mediated by LTB4 signaling, is also important for sustained neutrophil migration and swarming in response to A. fumigatus infection in our system. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggest that paracrine signaling from both monocytes and neutrophils plays an important role in driving the neutrophil response to A. fumigatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel E. Hind
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Morgan A. Giese
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Taylor J. Schoen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - David J. Beebe
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Nancy Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Prevalence of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from retail raw foods in Nha Trang, Vietnam. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 346:109164. [PMID: 33813365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the presence of genes in ESBL-producing E. coli (ESBL-Ec) isolated from retail raw food in Nha Trang, Vietnam. A total of 452 food samples comprising chicken (n = 116), pork (n = 112), fish (n = 112) and shrimp (n = 112) collected between 2015 and 2017 were examined for the prevalence of ESBL-Ec. ESBL-Ec were detected in 46.0% (208/452) of retail food samples, particularly in 66.4% (77/116), 55.4% (62/112), 42.0% (47/112) 19.6% (22/112) of chicken, pork, fish and shrimp, respectively. Sixty-five out of the 208 (31.3%) ESBL-Ec isolates were positive for mcr genes including mcr-1, mcr-3 and both mcr-1 and mcr-3 genes in 56/208 (26.9%), 1/208 (0.5%) and 8/208 (3.9%) isolates, respectively. Particularly, there was higher prevalence of mcr-1 in ESBL-Ec isolates from chicken (53.2%, 41/77) in comparison to shrimp (22.7%, 5/22), pork (11.3%, 7/62) and fish (6.4%, 3/47). mcr-3 gene was detected in co-existence with mcr-1 in ESBL-Ec isolates from shrimp (9.1%, 2/22), pork (8.1%, 5/62) and fish (2.1%, 1/47) but not chicken. The 65 mcr-positive ESBL-Ec (mcr-ESBL-Ec) were colistin-resistant with the MICs of 4-8 μg/mL. All mcr-3 gene-positive isolates belonged to group A, whereas phylogenetic group distribution of isolates harboring only mcr-1 was B1 (44.6%), A (28.6%) and D (26.8%). PFGE analysis showed diverse genotypes, although some isolates demonstrated nearly clonal relationships. S1-PFGE and Southern hybridization illustrated that the mcr-1 and mcr-3 genes were located either on chromosomes or on plasmids. However, the types of mcr genes were harbored on different plasmids with varied sizes of 30-390 kb. Besides, the ESBL genes of CTX-M-1 or CTX-M-9 were also detected to be located on plasmids. Noteworthy, co-location of CTX-M-1 with mcr-1 or mcr-3 genes on the same plasmid was identified. The conjugation experiment indicated that the mcr-1 or mcr-3 was horizontally transferable. All mcr-ESBL-Ec isolates were multidrug resistance (resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes). Moreover, β-Lactamase-encoding genes of the CTX-M-1 (78.5%), CTX-M-9 (21.5%), TEM (61.5%) groups were found in mcr-ESBL-Ec. The astA gene was detected in 27 (41.5%) mcr-ESBL-Ec isolates demonstrating their potential virulence. In conclusion, mcr-1 and mcr-3 genes existed individually or concurrently in ESBL-Ec isolates recovered from retail raw food in Nha Trang city, which might further complicate the antimicrobial-resistant situation in Vietnam, and is a possible health risk for human.
Collapse
|
92
|
Xiao X, Ma XL, Han X, Wu LJ, Liu C, Yu HQ. TiO 2 photoexcitation promoted horizontal transfer of resistance genes mediated by phage transduction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:144040. [PMID: 33341633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution caused by antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has attracted wide concerns, and various approaches have been proposed to control ARGs dissemination. TiO2 photoexcitation under UV irradiation has been used for such a purpose. But the actual UV intensity is insufficient to trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the aqueous environment. Thus, it is interesting to know how mild photoexcitation of TiO2 with low-intensity UV affects the horizontal transfer of ARGs. In this work, the impact of TiO2 photoexcitation on the transductant efficiency of constructed filamentous phage gM13 to its host Escherichia coli TG1 was investigated. Although individual treatment with nano-TiO2 and UV irradiation both improved the phage infection, TiO2 photoexcitation exhibited a clear synergistic promotion effect. However, excessive UV irradiation resulted in a decrease in transductant formation, implying severe oxidative damage to the phage and bacterial cells. Extracellular ROS produced by moderate photoexcitation of TiO2 could increase the outer membrane permeability, which facilitated phage infection. The increase in pili synthesis induced by intracellular ROS provided more sites for phage recognition and invasion in the presence of TiO2 photoexcitation, which contributed to the transduction process. Our work provides a novel insight into the impact of TiO2 photoexcitation on ARGs diffusion and is helpful for better understanding non-toxic environmental effect of nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Ma
- School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Li-Jun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Krzyżek P, Migdał P, Paluch E, Karwańska M, Wieliczko A, Gościniak G. Myricetin as an Antivirulence Compound Interfering with a Morphological Transformation into Coccoid Forms and Potentiating Activity of Antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052695. [PMID: 33800082 PMCID: PMC7962197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a gastric pathogen associated with a broad range of stomach diseases, has a high tendency to become resistant to antibiotics. One of the most important factors related to therapeutic failures is its ability to change from a spiral to a coccoid form. Therefore, the main aim of our original article was to determine the influence of myricetin, a natural compound with an antivirulence action, on the morphological transformation of H. pylori and check the potential of myricetin to increase the activity of antibiotics against this pathogen. We observed that sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of this compound have the ability to slow down the process of transformation into coccoid forms and reduce biofilm formation of this bacterium. Using checkerboard assays, we noticed that the exposure of H. pylori to sub-MICs of myricetin enabled a 4–16-fold reduction in MICs of all classically used antibiotics (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole, and levofloxacin). Additionally, RT-qPCR studies of genes related to the H. pylori morphogenesis showed a decrease in their expression during exposure to myricetin. This inhibitory effect was more strongly seen for genes involved in the muropeptide monomers shortening (csd3, csd6, csd4, and amiA), suggesting their significant participation in the spiral-to-coccoid transition. To our knowledge, this is the first research showing the ability of any compound to synergistically interact with all five antibiotics against H. pylori and the first one showing the capacity of a natural substance to interfere with the morphological transition of H. pylori from spiral to coccoid forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krzyżek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.P.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Emil Paluch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Magdalena Karwańska
- Department of Epizootiology and Veterinary Administration with Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Alina Wieliczko
- Department of Epizootiology and Veterinary Administration with Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Grażyna Gościniak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.P.); (G.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Fowler PD, Sharma S, Pant DK, Singh S, Wilkins MJ. Antimicrobial-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica prevalence among poultry farms and slaughterhouses in Chitwan, Nepal. Vet World 2021; 14:437-445. [PMID: 33776309 PMCID: PMC7994139 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.437-445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Antibiotic-resistant infections are one of the leading threats to public health globally. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics in food animal production is an important driver of resistance, particularly among foodborne pathogens such as non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS). While there has been extensive research on antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) S. enterica in India and China, there have been few studies in countries in South Asia, including Nepal. This is particularly important with the rise of commercial poultry farming in Nepal as a means of economic development and nutritional subsistence. This descriptive study seeks to identify the prevalence and resistance patterns of NTS serotypes focusing on Chitwan, Nepal’s leading poultry producing district. Materials and Methods: A mixture of purposive and judgment sampling of 18 poultry farms and 20 slaughterhouses representing a broad geographic distribution across multiple municipalities in Chitwan was conducted in May 2019. Environmental samples taken from poultry farms included: Water, litter, feces, feed, farm swabs, and eggshell swabs. Biological samples taken from nearby slaughterhouses included: Muscle, heart, liver, skin, cecum, crop, and spleen. Samples were cultured and tested for the presence of NTS. Positive isolates were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to seven antibiotics known to be important to both human and animal health regionally. Farm practices were also characterized through a survey, the results of which are detailed in the accompanying paper. Results: Out of 708 samples (288 environmental and 420 biological), 103 (15%) tested positive for NTS (9% of environmental; n=26, 18% of biological; n=77). The percentage of positive environmental and biological samples varied by source. Environmental sample positive rates were water (27.5%), feces (10.6%), litter (8.6%), farm swabs (5%), feed (1.8%), and eggshells (0%). Biological sample positive rates were skin (28%), heart (23%), crop (20%), muscle (15%), liver (15%), spleen (15%), and cecum (12%). Out of 103 positive S. enterica isolates, 48.5% were identified as Salmonella Typhimurium, 35% Salmonella Enteritidis, 7.8% Salmonella Gallinarum, 4.9% Salmonella Virchow, and 3.9% were Salmonella Agona. Of the 103 positive isolates, 80 (78%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 21 (20%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Conclusion: NTS is highly prevalent among Chitwan’s growing poultry industry with higher rates of positivity found in slaughterhouse samples compared with environmental samples from farms. In addition, a high rate of AMR (78%) was revealed, and an extremely concerning number of those were shown to be MDR (20%). This baseline data has important implications for poultry production and consumption in the region. Further research will elucidate the extent to which this contamination and drug resistance is impacting the health of the local population and help inform treatment and management strategies. Note: The characterization of the poultry industry and practices that might be linked to NTS contamination in the Chitwan district are detailed in the previous paper in this series (www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.14/February-2021/14.pdf).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Fowler
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
| | - Dhan Kumar Pant
- National Zoonoses and Food Hygiene Research Centre, G.P.O. Box: 1885, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Subir Singh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, 44200, Nepal
| | - Melinda J Wilkins
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Baker S, Kellam P, Krishna A, Reece S. Protecting intubated patients from the threat of antimicrobial resistant infections with monoclonal antibodies. LANCET MICROBE 2021; 1:e191-e192. [PMID: 33521719 PMCID: PMC7831774 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(20)30126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Baker
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Kellam
- Kymab, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.,Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Stephen Reece
- Kymab, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Puvača N, de Llanos Frutos R. Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Humans and Pet Animals. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:69. [PMID: 33450827 PMCID: PMC7828219 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout scientific literature, we can find evidence that antimicrobial resistance has become a big problem in the recent years on a global scale. Public healthcare systems all over the world are faced with a great challenge in this respect. Obviously, there are many bacteria that can cause infections in humans and animals alike, but somehow it seems that the greatest threat nowadays comes from the Enterobacteriaceae members, especially Escherichia coli. Namely, we are witnesses to the fact that the systems that these bacteria developed to fight off antibiotics are the strongest and most diverse in Enterobacteriaceae. Our great advantage is in understanding the systems that bacteria developed to fight off antibiotics, so these can help us understand the connection between these microorganisms and the occurrence of antibiotic-resistance both in humans and their pets. Furthermore, unfavorable conditions related to the ease of E. coli transmission via the fecal-oral route among humans, environmental sources, and animals only add to the problem. For all the above stated reasons, it is evident that the epidemiology of E. coli strains and resistance mechanisms they have developed over time are extremely significant topics and all scientific findings in this area will be of vital importance in the fight against infections caused by these bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Puvača
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Jaume I University, Avinguda de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain;
- Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Cvećarska 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Rosa de Llanos Frutos
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Jaume I University, Avinguda de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Simon R, Wassil J, Anderson AS. The impact of human vaccines on bacterial antimicrobial resistance. A review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2021; 19:4031-4062. [PMID: 34602924 PMCID: PMC8479502 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-021-01274-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
At present, the dramatic rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among important human bacterial pathogens is reaching a state of global crisis threatening a return to the pre-antibiotic era. AMR, already a significant burden on public health and economies, is anticipated to grow even more severe in the coming decades. Several licensed vaccines, targeting both bacterial (Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi) and viral (influenza virus, rotavirus) human pathogens, have already proven their anti-AMR benefits by reducing unwarranted antibiotic consumption and antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and by promoting herd immunity. A number of new investigational vaccines, with a potential to reduce the spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens, are also in various stages of clinical development. Nevertheless, vaccines as a tool to combat AMR remain underappreciated and unfortunately underutilized. Global mobilization of public health and industry resources is key to maximizing the use of licensed vaccines, and the development of new prophylactic vaccines could have a profound impact on reducing AMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raphael Simon
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, NY USA
| | - James Wassil
- Pfizer Patient and Health Impact, Collegeville, PA USA
- Present Address: Vaxcyte, 353 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA 94404 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Ukuhor HO. The interrelationships between antimicrobial resistance, COVID-19, past, and future pandemics. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:53-60. [PMID: 33341485 PMCID: PMC7831651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. Various types of bacterial and fungal infections occur in patients with COVID-19 with some resistant to antimicrobials that are associated with significantly worse outcomes and deaths. Besides, antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) co-infections are responsible for clinically significant mortality in past pandemics. There is evidence to suggest that factors such as the proliferation of adulterated antimicrobials in some developing countries, international travels, issues with healthcare financing, use/misuse by humans, and in agricultural production and climate change are determinants of AMR at various levels of society. These complex interrelated determinants intersect with AMR in current and past pandemics and could amplify the potential of a future antimicrobial resistance pandemic. Therefore, global concerted interventions targeted at all levels of society to reduce the use/misuse of antimicrobials and disrupt these multifaceted, interrelated, and interdependent factors are urgently needed. This paper leverages prior research to describe complex major determinants of antimicrobial resistance and provides fresh insights into possible intervention strategies to tackle antimicrobial resistance including in the current and future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyacinth O Ukuhor
- Saudi Electronic University, Department of Public Health, P. O. Box 93499, Riyadh 11673, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Ajiboye TO, Oluwarinde BO, Montso PK, Ateba CN, Onwudiwe DC. Antimicrobial activities of Cu(II), In(III), and Sb(III) complexes of N-methyl-N–phenyl dithiocarbamate complexes. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
100
|
Prasad P, Gupta A, Sasmal PK. Aggregation-induced emission active metal complexes: a promising strategy to tackle bacterial infections. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:174-186. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06037b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This Feature Article discusses the recent development of metal-based aggregation-induced emission luminogens for detection, discrimination and decimation of bacterial pathogens to tackle antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puja Prasad
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- India
| | - Ajay Gupta
- School of Physical Sciences
- Jawaharlal Nehru University
- India
| | | |
Collapse
|