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Benchikha N, Messaoudi M, Larkem I, Ouakouak H, Rebiai A, Boubekeur S, Ferhat MA, Benarfa A, Begaa S, Benmohamed M, Almasri DM, Hareeri RH, Youssef FS. Evaluation of Possible Antioxidant, Anti-Hyperglycaemic, Anti-Alzheimer and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Teucrium polium Aerial Parts (Lamiaceae). LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101579. [PMID: 36295014 PMCID: PMC9604868 DOI: 10.3390/life12101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Teucrium polium L. is commonly used in folk medicine to treat hypertension and diabetes and to heal wounds. The present work aimed to evaluate the different biological activities of T. polium hydroalcoholic extract, its total phenol and flavonoid content, and its mineral elements. Results showed that T. polium extract showed significant antioxidant potential in 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay with IC50 equal to 8.68 μg/mL but with moderate activity in galvinoxyl assay with IC50 of 21.82 μg/mL and mild activity in the β-carotene assay. It also showed a pronounced anti-hyperglycemic activity using α-amylase inhibitory assay (IC50 = 111.68 µg/mL) and exceeds that of acarbose. T. polium showed excellent activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50 values of 28.69 and 4.93 μg/mL, respectively, postulating its promising anti-Alzheimer potential. The plant extract exhibited a strong anti-inflammatory effect with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) denaturation inhibitory potential estimated by 97.53% at 2 mg/mL, which was further confirmed by the in vivo carrageen-induced edema model. The extract revealed its richness in flavonoids and phenols, evidenced by its polyphenols content (36.35 ± 0.294 μg GAE/mg) and flavonoids (24.30 ± 0.44 μg QE/mg). It is rich in minerals necessary for human health, such as calcium, potassium, iron, sodium, magnesium, manganese and zinc. Molecular docking performed for previously identified compounds on human α-amylase, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and acetylcholine esterase confirmed the results. Thus, it can be concluded that T. polium can be a good candidate for alleviating many health-debilitating problems and can be highly beneficial in the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Benchikha
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Messaoudi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
- Nuclear Research Centre of Birine, P.O. Box 180, Ain Oussera, Djelfa 17200, Algeria
| | - Imane Larkem
- Laboratory of Diversity of Ecosystems and Dynamics of Agricultural Production Systems in Arid Zones, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Nature and Life Science, Biskra University, Biskra 07000, Algeria
| | - Hamza Ouakouak
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Abdelkrim Rebiai
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Siham Boubekeur
- Research and Development Centre RDC-SAIDAL, 35Benyoucef Khattab Avenue, Mohammadia, El-Harrah, Algiers 16000, Algeria
| | | | - Adel Benarfa
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique Et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC)-PTAPC, P.O. Box 0354, Laghouat 03000, Algeria
| | - Samir Begaa
- Nuclear Research Centre of Birine, P.O. Box 180, Ain Oussera, Djelfa 17200, Algeria
| | - Mokhtar Benmohamed
- Laboratory of Fundamental Sciences, University Amar Télidji of Laghouat, P.O. Box 37G, Road of Ghardaïa, Laghouat 03000, Algeria
| | - Diena M. Almasri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan H. Hareeri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadia S. Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Hassan SSU, Samanta S, Dash R, Karpiński TM, Habibi E, Sadiq A, Ahmadi A, Bungau S. The neuroprotective effects of fisetin, a natural flavonoid in neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on the role of oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015835. [PMID: 36299900 PMCID: PMC9589363 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) disrupts the chemical integrity of macromolecules and increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Fisetin is a flavonoid that exhibits potent antioxidant properties and protects the cells against OS. We have viewed the NCBI database, PubMed, Science Direct (Elsevier), Springer-Nature, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar databases to search and collect relevant articles during the preparation of this review. The search keywords are OS, neurodegenerative diseases, fisetin, etc. High level of ROS in the brain tissue decreases ATP levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential and induces lipid peroxidation, chronic inflammation, DNA damage, and apoptosis. The subsequent results are various neuronal diseases. Fisetin is a polyphenolic compound, commonly present in dietary ingredients. The antioxidant properties of this flavonoid diminish oxidative stress, ROS production, neurotoxicity, neuro-inflammation, and neurological disorders. Moreover, it maintains the redox profiles, and mitochondrial functions and inhibits NO production. At the molecular level, fisetin regulates the activity of PI3K/Akt, Nrf2, NF-κB, protein kinase C, and MAPK pathways to prevent OS, inflammatory response, and cytotoxicity. The antioxidant properties of fisetin protect the neural cells from inflammation and apoptotic degeneration. Thus, it can be used in the prevention of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Tomasz M. Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Emran Habibi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Identification and characterization of anthocyanins and non-anthocyanin phenolics from Australian native fruits and their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-Alzheimer potential. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111951. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Riveros AJ, Gronenberg W. The flavonoid rutin protects against cognitive impairments by imidacloprid and fipronil. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276420. [PMID: 36000283 PMCID: PMC9482366 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing decline of bee populations and its impact on food security demands integrating multiple strategies. Sublethal impairments associated with exposure to insecticides, affecting the individual and the colony levels, have led to insecticide moratoria and bans. However, legislation alone is not sufficient and remains a temporary solution to an evolving market of insecticides. Here, we asked whether bees can be prophylactically protected against sublethal cognitive effects of two major neurotoxic insecticides, imidacloprid and fipronil, with different mechanisms of action. We evaluated the protective effect of the prophylactic administration of the flavonoid rutin, a secondary plant metabolite, present in nectar and pollen, and known for its neuroprotective properties. Following controlled or ad libitum administration of rutin, foragers of the North American bumble bee Bombus impatiens received oral administration of the insecticides at sublethal realistic dosages. Learning acquisition, memory retention and decision speed were evaluated using olfactory absolute conditioning of the proboscis extension response. We show that the insecticides primarily impair acquisition but not retention or speed of the conditioned proboscis extension response. We further show that the administration of the flavonoid rutin successfully protects the bees against impairments produced by acute and chronic administration of insecticides. Our results suggest a new avenue for the protection of bees against sublethal cognitive effects of insecticides. Highlighted Article: Prophylactically feeding bumble bees with rutin protects their learning and memory performance against oral exposure to insecticides with different mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre J Riveros
- Departamento de Biología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad del Rosario. Bogotá, Colombia.,Department of Neuroscience. School of Brain, Mind and Behavior. University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ, USA.,AJR. Departamento de Biología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad del Rosario. Cra. 26 #63B-48. Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Wulfila Gronenberg
- Department of Neuroscience. School of Brain, Mind and Behavior. University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ, USA
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Moutayakine A, Marques C, López Ó, Bagetta D, Leitzbach L, Hagenow S, Carreiro EP, Stark H, Alcaro S, Fernández-Bolaños JG, Burke AJ. Evaluation of chromane derivatives: Promising privileged scaffolds for lead discovery within Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 68:116807. [PMID: 35653868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The chromane ring system is widely distributed in nature and has proven to be a highly potent pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry, which includes the area of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We report on the development of a gem-dimethylchroman-4-ol family that was shown to give good inhibition of equine serum butyrylcholinesterase (eqBuChE) (in the range 2.9 - 7.3 μM) and in the same range of currently used drugs. We also synthesized a small library of gem-dimethylchroman-4-amine compounds, via a simple reductive amination of the corresponding chromanone precursor, that were also selective for eqBuChE presenting inhibitions in the range 7.6 - 67 μM. Kinetic studies revealed that they were mixed inhibitors. Insights into their mechanism of action were obtained through molecular docking and STD-NMR experiments, and the most active examples showed excellent drug-likeness and pharmacological properties predicted using Swiss-ADME. We also prepared a set of propargyl gem-dimethylchromanamines, for monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition but they were only moderately active (the best being 28% inhibition at 1 µM on MAO-B). Overall, our compounds were found to be best suited as inhibitors for BuChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Moutayakine
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000 Évora, Portugal; BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Carolina Marques
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000 Évora, Portugal
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Donatella Bagetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science academic spinoff, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luisa Leitzbach
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry. Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hagenow
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry. Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Elisabete P Carreiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000 Évora, Portugal
| | - Holger Stark
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry. Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science academic spinoff, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - José G Fernández-Bolaños
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Anthony J Burke
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000 Évora, Portugal; Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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James JP, Sasidharan P, Mandal SP, Dixit SR. Virtual Screening of Alkaloids and Flavonoids as Acetylcholinesterase and MAO-B Inhibitors by Molecular Docking and Dynamic Simulation Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2102662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jainey P. James
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), NITTE (Deemed to Be University), Mangaluru, India
| | - Pradija Sasidharan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), NITTE (Deemed to Be University), Mangaluru, India
| | - Subhankar P. Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - Sheshagiri R. Dixit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
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Sharma K, Verma R, Kumar D, Nepovimova E, Kuča K, Kumar A, Raghuvanshi D, Dhalaria R, Puri S. Ethnomedicinal plants used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in Himachal Pradesh, India in Western Himalaya. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115318. [PMID: 35469830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants are considered as a healthcare resource and widely used by rural people in their traditional medicine system for curing neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases refer to incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration/death of nerve cells or neurons in the human brain. This review is mainly focused on the usage of different ethnomedicinal plants in the treatment of different neurodegenerative diseases in Himachal Pradesh. Study reveals total of 73 ethnomedicinal plants, which are used for treating different neurological disorders in different areas of Himachal Pradesh. The data is compiled from the different sources that described the detailed information of plants in tabular form and highlights the significance of different phytochemicals on neuroprotective function. The present study also provides the scientific data and clinical (in-vivo and in-vitro) studies in support of ethnomedicinal use. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide information of ethnomedicinal plants which are used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in Himachal Pradesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on the use of ethnomedicinal plants to treat various neurological disorders has been gathered from a variety of sources, including various types of literature, books, and relevant publications in Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Direct, Scopus, and Pub Med, among others. The collected data is tabulated, including the botanical names of plants, mode of use and the disease for which it is used for curing, etc. RESULTS: There are 73 ethnomedicinal plants that are used to cure various neurological disorders, with the most plants being used to treat epilepsy problem in Himachal Pradesh. CONCLUSION Numerous phytochemicals and extracts from diverse plants were found to have a protective effect against neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidant activity is known to exist in a variety of herbal plants. The most common bioactive antioxidant chemicals having their significant impacts include flavonoids, flavones, coumarins, lignans, isoflavones, catechins, anthocyanins, and isocatechins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Sharma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, (H.P.), India.
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, (H.P.), India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, (H.P.), India.
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec, Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec, Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005, Hradec, Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Disha Raghuvanshi
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, (H.P.), India.
| | - Rajni Dhalaria
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, (H.P.), India.
| | - Sunil Puri
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, (H.P.), India.
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Zhu Y, Xu P, Huang X, Shuai W, Liu L, Zhang S, Zhao R, Hu X, Wang G. From Rate-Limiting Enzyme to Therapeutic Target: The Promise of NAMPT in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:920113. [PMID: 35903330 PMCID: PMC9322656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.920113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage pathway in mammals. It is of great significance in the metabolic homeostasis and cell survival via synthesizing nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) through enzymatic activities, serving as a key protein involved in the host’s defense mechanism. The NAMPT metabolic pathway connects NAD-dependent sirtuin (SIRT) signaling, constituting the NAMPT–NAD–SIRT cascade, which is validated as a strong intrinsic defense system. Neurodegenerative diseases belong to the central nervous system (CNS) disease that seriously endangers human health. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed that neurodegenerative diseases will become the second leading cause of human death in the next two decades. However, effective drugs for neurodegenerative diseases are scant. NAMPT is specifically highly expressed in the hippocampus, which mediates cell self-renewal and proliferation and oligodendrocyte synthesis by inducing the biosynthesis of NAD in neural stem cells/progenitor cells. Owing to the active biological function of NAMPT in neurogenesis, targeting NAMPT may be a powerful therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to review the structure and biological functions, the correlation with neurodegenerative diseases, and treatment advance of NAMPT, aiming to provide a novel idea for targeted therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Emergency Department, Institute of Medical Big Data, Zigong Academy of Big Data for Science and Artificial Intelligence, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Zhao, ; Xiuying Hu, ; Guan Wang,
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Zhao, ; Xiuying Hu, ; Guan Wang,
| | - Guan Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Zhao, ; Xiuying Hu, ; Guan Wang,
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Barreiro S, Silva B, Long S, Pinto M, Remião F, Sousa E, Silva R. Fiscalin Derivatives as Potential Neuroprotective Agents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071456. [PMID: 35890350 PMCID: PMC9320635 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) share common molecular/cellular mechanisms that contribute to their progression and pathogenesis. In this sense, we are here proposing new neuroprotection strategies by using marine-derived compounds as fiscalins. This work aims to evaluate the protective effects of fiscalin derivatives towards 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)- and iron (III)-induced cytotoxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, an in vitro disease model to study ND; and on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport activity, an efflux pump of drugs and neurotoxins. SH-SY5Y cells were simultaneously exposed to MPP+ or iron (III), and noncytotoxic concentrations of 18 fiscalin derivatives (0–25 μM), being the cytotoxic effect of both MPP+ and iron (III) evaluated 24 and 48 h after exposure. Fiscalins 1a and 1b showed a significant protective effect against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity and fiscalins 1b, 2b, 4 and 5 showed a protective effect against iron (III)-induced cytotoxicity. Fiscalins 4 and 5 caused a significant P-gp inhibition, while fiscalins 1c, 2a, 2b, 6 and 11 caused a modest increase in P-gp transport activity, thus suggesting a promising source of new P-gp inhibitors and activators, respectively. The obtained results highlight fiscalins with promising neuroprotective effects and with relevance for the synthesis of new derivatives for the treatment/prevention of ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Barreiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Bárbara Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Solida Long
- Department of Bioengineering, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Russian Confederation Blvd., Phnom Penh 12156, Cambodia;
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Madalena Pinto
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (R.S.)
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Hofmann J, Spatz P, Walther R, Gutmann M, Maurice T, Decker M. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Flavonoid‐Cinnamic Acid Amide Hybrids with Distinct Activity against Neurodegeneration in Vitro and in Vivo. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200786. [PMID: 35621167 PMCID: PMC9400986 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic natural products and have shown significant potential as disease‐modifying agents against neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD), with activities even in vivo. Hybridization of the natural products taxifolin and silibinin with cinnamic acid led to an overadditive effect of these compounds in several phenotypic screening assays related to neurodegeneration and AD. Therefore, we have exchanged the flavonoid part of the hybrids with different flavonoids, which show higher efficacy than taxifolin or silibinin, to improve the activity of the respective hybrids. Chemical connection between the flavonoid and cinnamic acid was realized by an amide instead of a labile ester bond to improve stability towards hydrolysis. To investigate the influence of a double bond at the C‐ring of the flavonoid, the dehydro analogues of the respective hybrids were also synthesized. All compounds obtained show neuroprotection against oxytosis, ferroptosis and ATP‐depletion, respectively, in the murine hippocampal cell line HT22. Interestingly, the taxifolin and the quercetin derivatives are the most active compounds, whereby the quercetin derivate shows even more pronounced activity than the taxifolin one in all assays applied. As aimed for, no hydrolysis product was found in cellular uptake experiments after 4 h whereas different metabolites were detected. Furthermore, the quercetin‐cinnamic acid amide showed pronounced activity in an in vivo AD mouse model at a remarkably low dose of 0.3 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Philipp Spatz
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Rasmus Walther
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Marcus Gutmann
- Drug Formulation and Delivery Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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García-Melero J, López-Mitjavila JJ, García-Celma MJ, Rodriguez-Abreu C, Grijalvo S. Rosmarinic Acid-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Prepared by Low-Energy Nano-Emulsion Templating: Formulation, Biophysical Characterization, and In Vitro Studies. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15134572. [PMID: 35806696 PMCID: PMC9267406 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), a caffeic acid derivative, has been loaded in polymeric nanoparticles made up of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) through a nano-emulsion templating process using the phase-inversion composition (PIC) method at room temperature. The obtained RA-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were colloidally stable exhibiting average diameters in the range of 70–100 nm. RA was entrapped within the PLGA polymeric network with high encapsulation efficiencies and nanoparticles were able to release RA in a rate-controlled manner. A first-order equation model fitted our experimental data and confirmed the prevalence of diffusion mechanisms. Protein corona formation on the surface of NPs was assessed upon incubation with serum proteins. Protein adsorption induced an increase in the hydrodynamic diameter and a slight shift towards more negative surface charges of the NPs. The radical scavenging activity of RA-loaded NPs was also studied using the DPPH·assay and showed a dose–response relationship between the NPs concentration and DPPH inhibition. Finally, RA-loaded NPs did not affect the cellular proliferation of the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line and promoted efficient cellular uptake. These results are promising for expanding the use of O/W nano-emulsions in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica García-Melero
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC-IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (J.-J.L.-M.)
| | - Joan-Josep López-Mitjavila
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC-IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (J.-J.L.-M.)
| | - María José García-Celma
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical-Chemistry, R+D Associated Unit to CSIC Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC-IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (J.-J.L.-M.)
- Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.R.-A.); (S.G.)
| | - Santiago Grijalvo
- Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.R.-A.); (S.G.)
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62
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Xing N, Meng X, Wang S. Isobavachalcone: A comprehensive review of its plant sources, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, pharmacological activities and related molecular mechanisms. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3120-3142. [PMID: 35684981 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Isobavachalcone (IBC), also known as isobapsoralcone, is a natural flavonoid widely derived from many medicinal plants, including Fabaceae, Moraceae, and so forth. IBC has been paid more and more attention by researchers in recent years due to its pharmacological activity in many diseases. This review aims to describe in detail the plant sources, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, pharmacological activities, and molecular mechanisms of IBC on various diseases. We found that IBC can be obtained not only by extraction but also by chemical synthesis. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that IBC has low bioavailability, but can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and is widely distributed in the brain. Its pharmacological activities mainly include anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, neuroprotective, bone protection, and other activities. In particular, IBC shows strong anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential due to its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, due to its hepatotoxicity, there may be more drug interactions. Therefore, more and more in-depth studies are needed for its clinical application. Mechanically, IBC can induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit AKT, ERK, and Wnt pathways, and promote apoptosis of cancer cells through mitochondrial or endoplasmic reticulum pathways. IBC can inhibit the NF-κB pathway and the production of multiple inflammatory mediators by activating NRF2/HO-1 pathway, thus producing anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, we discussed the limitations of current research on IBC and put forward some new perspectives and challenges, which provide a strong basis for clinical application and new drug development of IBC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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63
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De R, Jo KW, Kim KT. Influence of Molecular Structures on Fluorescence of Flavonoids and Their Detection in Mammalian Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061265. [PMID: 35740288 PMCID: PMC9220233 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are being increasingly applied for the treatment of various diseases due to their anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral properties. However, it is often challenging to detect their presence in cells and tissues through bioimaging, as most of them are not fluorescent or are too weak to visualize. Here, fluorescence possibilities of nine naturally occurring analogous flavonoids have been investigated through UV/visible spectroscopy, molecular structure examination, fluorescent images in mammalian cells and their statistical analysis employing aluminum chloride and diphenylboric acid 2-aminoethyl ester as fluorescence enhancers. It is found that, in order to form a stable fluorescent complex with an enhancer, flavonoids should have a keto group at C4 position and at least one -OH group at C3 or C5 position. Additionally, the presence of a double bond at C2–C3 can stabilize extended quinonoid structure at the cinnamoyl moiety, which thereby enhances the complex stability. A possible restriction to the free rotation of ring B around C1′–C2 single bond can contribute to the further enhancement of fluorescence. Thus, these findings can act as a guide for distinguishing flavonoids capable of exhibiting fluorescence from thousands of their analogues. Finally, using this technique, flavonoids are detected in neuroblastoma cells and their time course assay is conducted via fluorescence imaging. Their cellular uptake efficiency is found to be high and differential in nature and their distribution throughout the cytoplasm is clearly detected.
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Felix FB, Vago JP, Beltrami VA, Araújo JMD, Grespan R, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Biochanin A as a modulator of the inflammatory response: an updated overview and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Res 2022; 180:106246. [PMID: 35562014 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation and failure to resolve the inflammatory response are crucial factors involved in the progress of inflammatory diseases. Current therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling excessive inflammation are effective in some cases, though they may be accompanied by severe side effects, such as immunosuppression. Phytochemicals as a therapeutic alternative can have a fundamental impact on the different stages of inflammation and its resolution. Biochanin A (BCA) is an isoflavone known for its wide range of pharmacological properties, especially its marked anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies have provided evidence of BCA's abilities to activate events essential for resolving inflammation. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings from pre-clinical studies of the pharmacological effects of BCA on the complex signaling network associated with the onset and resolution of inflammation and BCA's potential protective functionality in several models of inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, pulmonary disease, neuroinflammation, and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciel Batista Felix
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Priscila Vago
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vinícius Amorim Beltrami
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Grespan
- Cell Migration Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Hildreth SB, Littleton ES, Clark LC, Puller GC, Kojima S, Winkel BSJ. Mutations that alter Arabidopsis flavonoid metabolism affect the circadian clock. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:932-945. [PMID: 35218268 PMCID: PMC9311810 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a well-known class of specialized metabolites that play key roles in plant development, reproduction, and survival. Flavonoids are also of considerable interest from the perspective of human health, as both phytonutrients and pharmaceuticals. RNA sequencing analysis of an Arabidopsis null allele for chalcone synthase (CHS), which catalyzes the first step in flavonoid metabolism, has uncovered evidence that these compounds influence the expression of genes associated with the plant circadian clock. Analysis of promoter-luciferase constructs further showed that the transcriptional activity of CCA1 and TOC1, two key clock genes, is altered in CHS-deficient seedlings across the day/night cycle. Similar findings for a mutant line lacking flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) activity, and thus able to synthesize mono- but not dihydroxylated B-ring flavonoids, suggests that the latter are at least partially responsible; this was further supported by the ability of quercetin to enhance CCA1 promoter activity in wild-type and CHS-deficient seedlings. The effects of flavonoids on circadian function were also reflected in photosynthetic activity, with chlorophyll cycling abolished in CHS- and F3'H-deficient plants. Remarkably, the same phenotype was exhibited by plants with artificially high flavonoid levels, indicating that neither the antioxidant potential nor the light-screening properties of flavonoids contribute to optimal clock function, as has recently also been demonstrated in animal systems. Collectively, the current experiments point to a previously unknown connection between flavonoids and circadian cycling in plants and open the way to better understanding of the molecular basis of flavonoid action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry B. Hildreth
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
| | - Evan S. Littleton
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
| | - Leor C. Clark
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Present address:
Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public HealthGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC20052USA
| | - Gabrielle C. Puller
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Present address:
Laboratory of Molecular BiologyNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20 892USA
| | - Shihoko Kojima
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
| | - Brenda S. J. Winkel
- Department of Biological SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
- Fralin Life Sciences InstituteVirginia TechBlacksburgVA24061USA
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66
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In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis of Karanjin against Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases as a Potential Natural Lead Molecule for New Drug Design, Development and Therapy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092834. [PMID: 35566187 PMCID: PMC9100660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are neurodegenerative disorders that have emerged as among the serious health problems of the 21st century. The medications currently available to treat AD and PD have limited efficacy and are associated with side effects. Natural products are one of the most vital and conservative sources of medicines for treating neurological problems. Karanjin is a furanoflavonoid, isolated mainly from Pongamia pinnata with several medicinal plants, and has been reported for numerous health benefits. However, the effect of karanjin on AD and PD has not yet been systematically investigated. To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of karanjin, extensive in silico studies starting with molecular docking against five putative targets for AD and four targets for PD were conducted. The findings were compared with three standard drugs using Auto Dock 4.1 and Molegro Virtual Docker software. Additionally, the physiochemical properties (Lipinski rule of five), drug-likeness and parameters including absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity (ADMET) profiles of karanjin were also studied. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed with two selective karanjin docking complexes to analyze the dynamic behaviors and binding free energy at 100 ns time scale. In addition, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and density-functional theory (DFT) were also investigated from computational quantum mechanism perspectives using the Avogadro-ORCA 1.2.0 platform. Karanjin complies with all five of Lipinski’s drug-likeness rules with suitable ADMET profiles for therapeutic use. The docking scores (kcal/mol) showed comparatively higher potency against AD and PD associated targets than currently used standard drugs. Overall, the potential binding affinity from molecular docking, static thermodynamics feature from MD-simulation and other multiparametric drug-ability profiles suggest that karanjin could be considered as a suitable therapeutic lead for AD and PD treatment. Furthermore, the present results were strongly correlated with the earlier study on karanjin in an Alzheimer’s animal model. However, necessary in vivo studies, clinical trials, bioavailability, permeability and safe dose administration, etc. must be required to use karanjin as a potential drug against AD and PD treatment, where the in silico results are more helpful to accelerate the drug development.
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67
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Environmental stimulation in Huntington disease patients and animal models. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 171:105725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Gao AX, Xiao J, Xia TCX, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. The extract of peanut shell enhances neurite outgrowth of neuronal cells: Recycling of agricultural waste for development of nutraceutical products. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Elsallabi O, Patruno A, Pesce M, Cataldi A, Carradori S, Gallorini M. Fisetin as a Senotherapeutic Agent: Biopharmaceutical Properties and Crosstalk between Cell Senescence and Neuroprotection. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030738. [PMID: 35164003 PMCID: PMC8839434 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Like other organs, brain functions diminish with age. Furthermore, for a variety of neurological disorders—including Alzheimer’s disease—age is one of the higher-risk factors. Since in many Western countries the average age is increasing, determining approaches for decreasing the effects of aging on brain function is taking on a new urgency. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are two convoluted key factors in brain aging and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. The diverseness of factors, causing an age-related decrease in brain functions, requires identifying small molecules that have multiple biological activities that can affect all these factors. One great source of these small molecules is related to polyphenolic flavonoids. Recently, 3,3′,4′,7-tetrahydroxyflavone (fisetin) has been reported as a potent senotherapeutic capable of extending lifespan by reducing peroxidation levels and enhancing antioxidant cell responses. The neuroprotective effects of fisetin have been shown in several in vitro and in vivo models of neurological disorders due to its actions on multiple pathways associated with different neurological disorders. The present work aims to collect the most recent achievements related to the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of fisetin. Moreover, in silico pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity of fisetin are also comprehensively described along with emerging novel drug delivery strategies for the amelioration of this flavonol bioavailability and chemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Elsallabi
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (O.E.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (O.E.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (O.E.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (M.G.)
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Therapeutic benefits of flavonoids against neuroinflammation: a systematic review. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:111-136. [PMID: 35031904 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are an important class of natural polyphenolic compounds reported to exert beneficial effects in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, cancer, autoimmune and neurological disorders. Flavonoids possess potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and immuno-modulation properties. Intriguingly, the importance of flavonoids in different neurological disorders is gaining more attention due to the safety, better pharmacokinetic profile and blood-brain barrier penetration, cost-effectiveness and readiness for clinical uses/trials. Many in vitro and in vivo research studies have established the neuroprotective mechanism of flavonoids in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The present review summarizes the benefits of various classes of flavonoids (flavones, flavonols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, isoflavones, flavanols), chemical nature, classification, their occurrence and distribution, pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. The manuscript also presents available evidences relating to the role of flavonoids in regulating key signaling pathways such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (JAK/STAT) pathway, Toll-like receptors (TLR) pathway, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway involved in neuroinflammation associated with major neurological disorders. Literature search was conducted using electronic databases like Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed central, Springer search and Web of science. Chemical structures used in the present analysis were drawn using Chemdraw Professional 15.0 software. This collective information provides comprehensive knowledge on disease pathways and therapeutic benefits of flavonoids in neurological disorders, druggability and future scope for research.
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71
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Effect of Hydroxyl Groups Esterification with Fatty Acids on the Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activity of Flavones. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020420. [PMID: 35056733 PMCID: PMC8777613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids due to low cytotoxicity in vitro studies are suggested as potential substances in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress. We examined novel 6-hydroxy-flavanone and 7-hydroxy-flavone conjugates with selected fatty acids (FA) of different length and saturation and examined their cytotoxic and antioxidant potential. Our findings indicate that the conjugation with FA affects the biological activity of both the original flavonoids. The conjugation of 6-hydroxy-flavanone increased its cytotoxicity towards prostate cancer PC3 cells. The most noticeable effect was found for oleate conjugate. A similar trend was observed for 7-hydroxy-flavone conjugates with the most evident effect for oleate and stearate. The cytotoxic potential of all tested conjugates was not specific towards PC3 because the viability of human keratinocytes HaCaT cells decreased after exposure to all conjugates. Additionally, we showed that esterification of the two flavonoids decreased their antioxidant activity compared to that of the original compounds. Of all the tested compounds, only 6-sorbic flavanone showed a slight increase in antioxidant potential compared to that of the original compound. Our data show that conjugated flavonoids are better absorbed and enhance cytotoxic effects, but the presence of FA lowered the antioxidant potential.
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72
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Liu X, Yao S, Bi J, Zheng D, Wang P. Protective effects and regulatory mechanisms of melatonin in a neonatal mouse model of LPS-induced inflammation. Neurosci Lett 2022; 772:136483. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pereira D, Pinto M, Correia-da-Silva M, Cidade H. Recent Advances in Bioactive Flavonoid Hybrids Linked by 1,2,3-Triazole Ring Obtained by Click Chemistry. Molecules 2021; 27:230. [PMID: 35011463 PMCID: PMC8746422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of the biological activities of natural flavonoids, several synthetic strategies aiming to obtain analogues with improved potency and/or pharmacokinetic profile have been developed. Since the triazole ring has been associated with several biological activities and metabolic stability, hybridization with a 1,2,3-triazole ring has been increasingly reported over the last years. The feasible synthesis through copper (I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) has allowed the accomplishment of several hybrids. Since 2017, almost 700 flavonoid hybrids conjugated with 1,2,3-triazole, including chalcones, flavones, flavanones and flavonols, among others, with antitumor, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifouling activity have been reported. This review compiles the biological activities recently described for these hybrids, highlighting the mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pereira
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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74
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Prajapati R, Seong SH, Park SE, Paudel P, Jung HA, Choi JS. Isoliquiritigenin, a potent human monoamine oxidase inhibitor, modulates dopamine D 1, D 3, and vasopressin V 1A receptors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23528. [PMID: 34876600 PMCID: PMC8651714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (= 4,2′,4′-Trihydroxychalcone) (ILG) is a major constituent of the Glycyrrhizae Rhizoma that has significant neuroprotective functions. In the present study, we re-examined the potential of ILG to inhibit human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) in vitro and established its mechanism of inhibition through a kinetics study and molecular docking examination. ILG showed competitive inhibition of hMAO-A and mixed inhibition of hMAO-B with IC50 values of 0.68 and 0.33 µM, respectively, which varied slightly from the reported IC50 values. Since ILG has been reported to reduce dopaminergic neurodegeneration and psychostimulant-induced toxicity (both of which are related to dopamine and vasopressin receptors), we investigated the binding affinity and modulatory functions of ILG on dopamine and vasopressin receptors. ILG was explored as an antagonist of the D1 receptor and an agonist of the D3 and V1A receptors with good potency. An in silico docking investigation revealed that ILG can interact with active site residues at target receptors with low binding energies. These activities of ILG on hMAO and brain receptors suggest the potential role of the compound to ameliorate dopaminergic deficits, depression, anxiety, and associated symptoms in Parkinson’s disease and other neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Prajapati
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo, 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Pradeep Paudel
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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75
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ROS-Induced mtDNA Release: The Emerging Messenger for Communication between Neurons and Innate Immune Cells during Neurodegenerative Disorder Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121917. [PMID: 34943020 PMCID: PMC8750316 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most striking hallmarks shared by various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is microglia-mediated and astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation. Although inhibitions of both harmful proteins and aggregation are major treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, whether the phenomenon of non-normal protein or peptide aggregation is causally related to neuronal loss and synaptic damage is still controversial. Currently, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons that may play a key role in the regulation of immune cells, is proposed as a regulator in neurological disorders. In this review, we propose that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release due to ROS may act on microglia and astrocytes adjacent to neurons to induce inflammation through activation of innate immune responses (such as cGAS/STING). Elucidating the relationship between mtDNA and the formation of a pro-inflammatory microenvironment could contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of crosstalk between neuronal and peripheral immune cells and lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to neurodegenerative diseases.
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76
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Xiong Gao A, Xia TCX, Shing-Hung Mak M, Kin-Leung Kwan K, Zhong-Yu Zheng B, Xiao J, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Luteolin stimulates the NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in cultured PC12 cells through binding with NGF and potentiating its receptor signaling. Food Funct 2021; 12:11515-11525. [PMID: 34704574 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin, a flavonoid in fruits and vegetables, has neurotrophic functions without a well-characterized mechanism. Here, we hypothesize a direct interaction of luteolin with nerve growth factor (NGF); as such, the functionality of the NGF could be potentiated. The direct binding of luteolin with NGF was validated by ultra-filtration, Biacore, and docking analyses. In cultured PC12 cells, application of luteolin in combination with a low dose of NGF potentiated the NGF-induced differentiation of neurons by an increase of the differentiated cell number to 25.4 ± 4.8% (p < 0.01), as well as the increased expression of neurofilaments by 119 ± 32.1% (p < 0.05), 191 ± 12.6% (p < 0.01), and 110 ± 23.4% (p < 0.05) for NF68, NF160 and NF200, respectively. The co-treatment induced the phosphorylations of tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), phospholipase C-γ1 (PLCγ1), and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) by 2 to 3 fold: these induced phosphorylations were mimicking that of a high dose of NGF. Moreover, the application of the TrkA inhibitor, K252a, blocked the luteolin-mediated induction of neurofilament expression and neurite outgrowth in cultured PC12 cells, suggesting the target specificity. The result supports the development of luteolin as a therapeutic, or preventive, agent for NGF insufficiency-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Xiong Gao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tracy Chen-Xi Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marvin Shing-Hung Mak
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth Kin-Leung Kwan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brody Zhong-Yu Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Shaanxi, 721013, China
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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Alshammari GM, Al-Qahtani WH, Alshuniaber MA, Yagoub AEA, Al-Khalifah AS, Al-Harbi LN, Alhussain MH, AlSedairy SA, Yahya MA. Quercetin improves the impairment in memory function and attenuates hippocampal damage in cadmium chloride-intoxicated male rats by suppressing acetylcholinesterase and concomitant activation of SIRT1 signaling. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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78
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Neuroprotective Role of Polyphenols in Treatment of Neurological Disorders: A Review. Neuromodulation 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/ipmn.117170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
: The most frequent illnesses characterized by the gradual malfunctioning of brain neurons are neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). Genetic mutations and a range of biological processes can produce NDs. Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are all related to oxidative stress (OS). Reduced brain activity has become a greater health threat with a growing elderly population. It causes some pathophysiological alterations and is an important risk factor for a range of neurodegenerative illnesses. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause neuronal cell death, and it is thus essential to control ROS levels to maintain normal neuronal activity. Synthetic medicines are often used to treat neurological disorders; however, harmful effects have been reported. Multiple bodies of research have shown the effectiveness of polyphenols in the treatment of various NDs due to their negligible side effects. This review article describes the neuroprotection effects of polyphenols such as resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, curcumin, and quercetin, as well as the signaling pathways and immune response controls through polyphenols.
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79
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Hassan DM, Welson NN, Yassa HD. The Possible Protective Role of Dark Chocolate Against Acrylamide Neurotoxicity in Weaning Rats Cerebellum. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:234-244. [PMID: 34661852 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is selective neurotoxicity, could be found in foods processed by high temperature. This work aimed to evaluate the protective role of the dark chocolate (DC) against cerebellar neurotoxicity induced by subchronic ACR exposure in recently weaned rat pups and to propose it as protective supplement against dietary ACR hazards. Eighteen weaning pups were used in the current study and divided into three groups, six rats in each group; group 1 (control group), group 2 (ACR group), and group 3 (ACR + DC group). The pups were sacrificed after 21 days and the cerebellums were removed for light microscope using H&E stain, ultrastructural study, morphometric analysis of the neurons count, biochemical analysis of oxidant and antioxidant markers and real-time quantitative PCR to evaluate the nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2 (Nr4a2) gene expression. Pups with ACR consumption showed signs of neuronal degeneration and reduced Nr4a2 expression. On the other hand, pups with ACR + DC consumption showed relative signs of neuronal restoration and enhanced Nr4a2 expression. In conclusion, DC can be used as effective supplement to decrease the dietary ACR cerebellar neuronal risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa M Hassan
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
| | - Nermeen N Welson
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hanan D Yassa
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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80
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Anti-Oxidative, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Flavonols: Targeting Nrf2, NF-κB and p53 Pathways in Neurodegeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101628. [PMID: 34679762 PMCID: PMC8533072 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Intracellular transduction pathways that end in the activation of specific transcription factors are highly implicated in the onset and progression of pathological changes related to neurodegeneration, of which those related to oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation are particularly important. Here, we provide a brief overview of the key concepts related to OS- and neuroinflammation-mediated neuropathological changes in neurodegeneration, together with the role of transcription factors nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). This review is focused on the transcription factor p53 that coordinates the cellular response to diverse genotoxic stimuli, determining neuronal death or survival. As current pharmacological options in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease are only symptomatic, many research efforts are aimed at uncovering efficient disease-modifying agents. Natural polyphenolic compounds demonstrate powerful anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, partially acting as modulators of signaling pathways. Herein, we review the current understanding of the therapeutic potential and limitations of flavonols in neuroprotection, with emphasis on their anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects along the Nrf2, NF-κB and p53 pathways. A better understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of their action may pave the way toward new treatments.
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81
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Varshney M, Kumar B, Rana VS, Sethiya NK. An overview on therapeutic and medicinal potential of poly-hydroxy flavone viz. Heptamethoxyflavone, Kaempferitrin, Vitexin and Amentoflavone for management of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: a critical analysis on mechanistic insight. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2749-2772. [PMID: 34590507 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1980761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders occur when nerve cells in the brain or peripheral nervous system partial or complete fail in their functions and sometimes even die due to some injuries or aging. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD), have been majorly resulted due to degeneration of neurons and neuroinflammation progressively. There are many similarities that correlates both AD and PD on a cellular and sub-cellular level. Therefore, a hope for therapeutic advancement for simultaneous upgradation in both the diseases are directly depending on the discovery of common mechanism at molecular and cellular level. Recent and past evidences from scientific literature supporting the efficacy of plants flavonoids in treatment and protection of both AD and PD. Further, dietary flavones, specially Heptamethoxyflavone, Kaempferitrin, Vitexin and Amentoflavone gains recently much more attention for producing many health beneficiary effects including neuroprotection. Despite of these evidence a detailed updated overview of neuroprotective effects against both AD and PD by Heptamethoxyflavone, Kaempferitrin, Vitexin and Amentoflavone are still missing. In this context several published studies were assessed by using various online electronic search engines/databases to meet the objective from 1981 to 2021 (Approx. 224). Therefore, present review was designed to deliver the detailed description on these flavones including therapeutic benefits in AD, PD and other CNS complications with critical analysis on underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhavna Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun, India
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82
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Hong Y, Liao X, Chen Z. Determination of bioactive components in the fruits of Cercis chinensis Bunge by HPLC-MS/MS and quality evaluation by principal components and hierarchical cluster analyses. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:465-471. [PMID: 34513122 PMCID: PMC8424366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruits of leguminous plants Cercis Chinensis Bunge are still overlooked although they have been reported to be antioxidative because of the limited information on the phytochemicals of C. chinensis fruits. A simple, rapid and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the identification and quantitation of the major bioactive components in C. chinensis fruits. Eighteen polyphenols were identified, which are first reported in C. chinensis fruits. Moreover, ten components were simultaneously quantified. The validated quantitative method was proved to be sensitive, reproducible and accurate. Then, it was applied to analyze batches of C. chinensis fruits from different phytomorph and areas. The principal components analysis (PCA) realized visualization and reduction of data set dimension while the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) indicated that the content of phenolic acids or all ten components might be used to differentiate C. chinensis fruits of different phytomorph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
- Corresponding author. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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83
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Heimfarth L, Nascimento LDS, Amazonas da Silva MDJ, Lucca Junior WD, Lima ES, Quintans-Junior LJ, Veiga-Junior VFD. Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of pectolinarigenin, a flavonoid from Amazonian Aegiphila integrifolia (Jacq.), against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in astrocytes via NFκB and MAPK pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112538. [PMID: 34500010 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Regardless of the underlying cause, neuroinflammation is the greatest risk factor for developing any of these disorders. Pectolinarigenin (PNG) is an active flavonoid with several biological properties, anti-metastatic and anti-inflammatory activity. This study investigate the biological effects of PNG in macrophage and astrocyte cultures, with focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in the PNG activity. J774A.1 murine macrophage or cerebral cortex primary astrocytes primary cultures were treated with different concentration of PNG (1-160 μM) and the inflammatory process was stimulated by LPS (1 μg/ml) and the effect of PNG in different inflammatory markers were determined. PNG did not affect astrocyte or macrophage viability. Moreover, this flavonoid reduced NO• release in macrophages, attenuated astrocyte activation by preventing the overexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, and decreased the release of inflammatory mediators, IL-1β and IL-6 induced by LPS by the glial cell, as well as enhanced basal levels of IL-10. In addition, PNG suppressed NFκB, p38MAPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in astrocytes culture induced by LPS. The results show clear evidence that this novel flavonoid protects astrocytes against LPS-induced inflammatory toxicity. In conclusion, PNG presents neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory property through the inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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84
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Koklesova L, Liskova A, Samec M, Zhai K, AL-Ishaq RK, Bugos O, Šudomová M, Biringer K, Pec M, Adamkov M, Hassan STS, Saso L, Giordano FA, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Golubnitschaja O. Protective Effects of Flavonoids Against Mitochondriopathies and Associated Pathologies: Focus on the Predictive Approach and Personalized Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168649. [PMID: 34445360 PMCID: PMC8395457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-factorial mitochondrial damage exhibits a “vicious circle” that leads to a progression of mitochondrial dysfunction and multi-organ adverse effects. Mitochondrial impairments (mitochondriopathies) are associated with severe pathologies including but not restricted to cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegeneration. However, the type and level of cascading pathologies are highly individual. Consequently, patient stratification, risk assessment, and mitigating measures are instrumental for cost-effective individualized protection. Therefore, the paradigm shift from reactive to predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (3PM) is unavoidable in advanced healthcare. Flavonoids demonstrate evident antioxidant and scavenging activity are of great therapeutic utility against mitochondrial damage and cascading pathologies. In the context of 3PM, this review focuses on preclinical and clinical research data evaluating the efficacy of flavonoids as a potent protector against mitochondriopathies and associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (R.K.A.-I.)
| | - Raghad Khalid AL-Ishaq
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (R.K.A.-I.)
| | | | - Miroslava Šudomová
- Museum of Literature in Moravia, Klášter 1, 664 61 Rajhrad, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Sherif T. S. Hassan
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Frank A. Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (R.K.A.-I.)
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (P.K.); (O.G.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine, EPMA, 1150 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (P.K.); (O.G.)
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine, EPMA, 1150 Brussels, Belgium
- Predictive, Preventive, Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (P.K.); (O.G.)
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85
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An updated review on the versatile role of chrysin in neurological diseases: Chemistry, pharmacology, and drug delivery approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111906. [PMID: 34328092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases are responsible for a large number of morbidities and mortalities in the world. Flavonoids are phytochemicals that possess various health-promoting impacts. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid isolated from diverse fruits, vegetables, and even mushrooms, has several pharmacological activities comprising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. The current study was designed to review the relationship between chrysin administration and neurological complications by discussing the feasible mechanism and signaling pathways. Herein, we mentioned the sources, pharmacological properties, chemistry, and drug delivery systems associated with chrysin pharmacotherapy. The role of chrysin was discussed in depression, anxiety, neuroinflammation, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord injury, neuropathy, Multiple Sclerosis, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. The findings indicate that chrysin has protective effects against neurological conditions by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in animal models. However, more studies should be done to clear the neuroprotective effects of chrysin.
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86
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To KKW, Cho WCS. Flavonoids Overcome Drug Resistance to Cancer Chemotherapy by Epigenetically Modulating Multiple Mechanisms. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:289-305. [PMID: 33535954 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210203111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is the major reason accounting for the treatment failure in cancer chemotherapy. Dysregulation of the epigenetic machineries is known to induce chemoresistance. It was reported that numerous genes encoding the key mediators in cancer proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and drug efflux are dysregulated in resistant cancer cells by aberrant DNA methylation. The imbalance of various enzymes catalyzing histone post-translational modifications is also known to alter chromatin configuration and regulate multiple drug resistance genes. Alteration in miRNA signature in cancer cells also gives rise to chemoresistance. Flavonoids are a large group of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds ubiquitously found in plants, fruits, vegetables and traditional herbs. There has been increasing research interest in the health-promoting effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids were shown to directly kill or re-sensitize resistant cancer cells to conventional anticancer drugs by epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current findings of the circumvention of drug resistance by flavonoids through correcting the aberrant epigenetic regulation of multiple resistance mechanisms. More investigations including the evaluation of synergistic anticancer activity, dosing sequence effect, toxicity in normal cells, and animal studies, are warranted to establish the full potential of the combination of flavonoids with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of cancer with drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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87
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Gonçalves PB, Sodero ACR, Cordeiro Y. Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) Targeting Protein Misfolding in Drug Discovery for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:767. [PMID: 34065606 PMCID: PMC8160836 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) of the major bioactive compound of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), is well documented. Numerous findings now suggest that EGCG targets protein misfolding and aggregation, a common cause and pathological mechanism in many NDs. Several studies have shown that EGCG interacts with misfolded proteins such as amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ), linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and α-synuclein, linked to Parkinson's disease (PD). To date, NDs constitute a serious public health problem, causing a financial burden for health care systems worldwide. Although current treatments provide symptomatic relief, they do not stop or even slow the progression of these devastating disorders. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective drugs for these incurable ailments. It is expected that targeting protein misfolding can serve as a therapeutic strategy for many NDs since protein misfolding is a common cause of neurodegeneration. In this context, EGCG may offer great potential opportunities in drug discovery for NDs. Therefore, this review critically discusses the role of EGCG in NDs drug discovery and provides updated information on the scientific evidence that EGCG can potentially be used to treat many of these fatal brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil; (P.B.G.); (A.C.R.S.)
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88
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Peng Z, Bedi S, Mann V, Sundaresan A, Homma K, Gaskey G, Kowada M, Umar S, Kulkarni AD, Eltzschig HK, Doursout MF. Neuroprotective Effects of Asparagus officinalis Stem Extract in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Amyloid Precursor Protein. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:8121407. [PMID: 34046506 PMCID: PMC8128539 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To mimic Alzheimer's disease, transgenic mice overexpressing the amyloid precursor protein (APP) were used in this study. We hypothesize that the neuroprotective effects of ETAS®50, a standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem produced by Amino Up Co., Ltd. (Sapporo, Japan), are linked to the inhibition of the apoptosis cascade through an enhancement of the stress-response proteins: heat shock proteins (HSPs). APP-overexpressing mice (double-transgenic APP and PS1 mouse strains with a 129s6 background), ages 6-8 weeks old, and weighing 20-24 grams were successfully bred in our laboratory. The animals were divided into 5 groups. APP-overexpressing mice and wild-type (WT) mice were pretreated with ETAS®50 powder (50% elemental ETAS and 50% destrin) at 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Saline, the vehicle for ETAS®50, was administered in APP-overexpressing mice and WT mice. ETAS®50 and saline were administered by gavage daily for 1 month. Cognitive assessments, using the Morris Water Maze, demonstrated that memory was recovered following ETAS®50 treatment as compared to nontreated APP mice. At euthanization, the brain was removed and HSPs, amyloid β, tau proteins, and caspase-3 were evaluated through immunofluorescence staining with the appropriate antibodies. Our data indicate that APP mice have cognitive impairment along with elevated amyloid β, tau proteins, and caspase-3. ETAS®50 restored cognitive function in these transgenic mice, increased both HSP70 and HSP27, and attenuated pathogenic level of amyloid β, tau proteins, and caspsase-3 leading to neuroprotection. Our results were confirmed with a significant increase in HSP70 gene expression in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanglong Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical Houston, TX, USA
| | - Supinder Bedi
- Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivek Mann
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Gregory Gaskey
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
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89
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Mohi-Ud-Din R, Mir RH, Shah AJ, Sabreen S, Wani TU, Masoodi MH, Akkol EK, Bhat ZA, Khan H. Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for the treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Update. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:179-193. [PMID: 33913406 PMCID: PMC9199545 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210428120514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease (MND) that typically causes death within 3-5 years after diagnosis. Regardless of the substantial scientific knowledge accrued more than a century ago, truly effective therapeutic strategies remain distant. Various conventional drugs are being used but are having several adverse effects. Objective/Aim The current study aims to thoroughly review plant-derived compounds with well-defined ALS activities and their structure-activity relationships. Moreover, the review also focuses on complex genetics, clinical trials, and the use of natural products that might decrypt the future and novel therapeutics in ALS. Methods The collection of data for the compilation of this review work was searched in PubMed Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Results Results showed that phytochemicals like-Ginkgolides, Protopanaxatriol, Genistein, epigallocatechingallate, resveratrol, cassoside, and others possess Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) activity by various mechanisms. Conclusion These plant-derived compounds may be considered as supplements for conventional (ALS). Moreover, further preclinical and clinical studies are required to understand the structure-activity relationships, metabolism, absorption, and mechanisms of plant-derived natural agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohi Mohi-Ud-Din
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Abdul Jalil Shah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Saba Sabreen
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Taha Umair Wani
- Pharmaceutics Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara. Turkey
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Bhat
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200. Pakistan
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90
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Review of the Applications of Biomedical Compositions Containing Hydroxyapatite and Collagen Modified by Bioactive Components. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092096. [PMID: 33919199 PMCID: PMC8122483 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is becoming a rapidly evolving technique in today’s biomedical progress scenario. Scientists around the world suggest the use of naturally synthesized biomaterials to repair and heal damaged cells. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) has the potential to replace drugs in biomedical engineering and regenerative drugs. HAp is easily biodegradable, biocompatible, and correlated with macromolecules, which facilitates their incorporation into inorganic materials. This review article provides extensive knowledge on HAp and collagen-containing compositions modified with drugs, bioactive components, metals, and selected nanoparticles. Such compositions consisting of HAp and collagen modified with various additives are used in a variety of biomedical applications such as bone tissue engineering, vascular transplantation, cartilage, and other implantable biomedical devices.
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91
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Hewlings SJ, Draayer K, Kalman DS. Palm Fruit Bioactive Complex (PFBc), a Source of Polyphenols, Demonstrates Potential Benefits for Inflammaging and Related Cognitive Function. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041127. [PMID: 33808068 PMCID: PMC8066389 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function is a key aspect of healthy aging. Inflammation associated with normal aging, also called inflammaging is a primary risk factor for cognitive decline. A diet high in fruits and vegetable and lower in calories, particularly a Mediterranean Diet, may lower the risk of age-related cognitive decline due in part to the associated high intake of antioxidants and polyphenols. A phenolic, Palm Fruit Bioactive complex (PFBc) derived from the extraction process of palm oil from oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis), is reported to offset inflammation due to its high antioxidant, especially vitamin E, and polyphenol content. The benefit is thought to be achieved via the influence of antioxidants on gene expression. It is the purpose of this comprehensive review to discuss the etiology, including gene expression, of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) specific to dietary intake of antioxidants and polyphenols and to focus on the potential impact of nutritional interventions specifically PFBc has on MCI. Several in vitro, in vivo and animal studies support multiple benefits of PFBc especially for improving cognitive function via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. While more human studies are needed, those completed thus far support the benefit of consuming PFBc to enhance cognitive function via its anti-inflammatory antioxidant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J. Hewlings
- The Herbert H & Grace A. Dow College of Health Professions, Nutrition, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
- Nutrasource/GRAS Associates, Scientific Affairs, Guelph, ON N1G0B4, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kristin Draayer
- EDGE Veterinary Vaccines Consulting Group, 315 MAIN STREET 201, Ames, IA 50010, USA;
| | - Douglas S. Kalman
- Nutrasource/GRAS Associates, Scientific Affairs, Guelph, ON N1G0B4, Canada;
- Nutrion Department, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA
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92
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Bernatova I, Liskova S. Mechanisms Modified by (-)-Epicatechin and Taxifolin Relevant for the Treatment of Hypertension and Viral Infection: Knowledge from Preclinical Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:467. [PMID: 33809620 PMCID: PMC8002320 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have shown that certain flavonoids, flavonoid-containing plant extracts, and foods can improve human health. Experimental studies showed that flavonoids have the capacity to alter physiological processes as well as cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with their antioxidant properties. An important function of flavonoids was determined in the cardiovascular system, namely their capacity to lower blood pressure and to improve endothelial function. (-)-Epicatechin and taxifolin are two flavonoids with notable antihypertensive effects and multiple beneficial actions in the cardiovascular system, but they also possess antiviral effects, which may be of particular importance in the ongoing pandemic situation. Thus, this review is focused on the current knowledge of (-)-epicatechin as well as (+)-taxifolin and/or (-)-taxifolin-modified biological action and underlining molecular mechanisms determined in preclinical studies, which are relevant not only to the treatment of hypertension per se but may provide additional antiviral benefits that could be relevant to the treatment of hypertensive subjects with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Bernatova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewiczova 1, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Silvia Liskova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewiczova 1, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
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93
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Sharma S, Nozohouri S, Vaidya B, Abbruscato T. Repurposing metformin to treat age-related neurodegenerative disorders and ischemic stroke. Life Sci 2021; 274:119343. [PMID: 33716063 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a risk factor for major central nervous system (CNS) disorders. More specifically, aging can be inked to neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) because of its deteriorating impact on neurovascular unit (NVU). Metformin, a first line FDA-approved anti-diabetic drug, has gained increasing interest among researchers for its role in improving aging-related neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, numerous studies have illustrated metformin's role in ischemic stroke, a cerebrovascular disorder in which the NVU becomes dysfunctional which can lead to permanent life-threatening disabilities. Considering metformin's beneficial preclinical actions on various disorders, and the drug's role in alleviating severity of these conditions through involvement in commonly characterized cellular pathways, we discuss the potential of metformin as a suitable drug candidate for repurposing in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejal Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC), Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC), Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC), Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC), Amarillo, TX, USA.
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94
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Flavonoids-Macromolecules Interactions in Human Diseases with Focus on Alzheimer, Atherosclerosis and Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030423. [PMID: 33802084 PMCID: PMC7999194 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, consumed daily in our diet, are associated with a reduced risk for oxidative stress (OS)-related chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and inflammation. The involvement of flavonoids with OS-related chronic diseases have been traditionally attributed to their antioxidant activity. However, evidence from recent studies indicate that flavonoids' beneficial impact may be assigned to their interaction with cellular macromolecules, rather than exerting a direct antioxidant effect. This review provides an overview of the recent evolving research on interactions between the flavonoids and lipoproteins, proteins, chromatin, DNA, and cell-signaling molecules that are involved in the OS-related chronic diseases; it focuses on the mechanisms by which flavonoids attenuate the development of the aforementioned chronic diseases via direct and indirect effects on gene expression and cellular functions. The current review summarizes data from the literature and from our recent research and then compares specific flavonoids' interactions with their targets, focusing on flavonoid structure-activity relationships. In addition, the various methods of evaluating flavonoid-protein and flavonoid-DNA interactions are presented. Our aim is to shed light on flavonoids action in the body, beyond their well-established, direct antioxidant activity, and to provide insights into the mechanisms by which these small molecules, consumed daily, influence cellular functions.
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95
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Prasanna P, Upadhyay A. Flavonoid-Based Nanomedicines in Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics: Promises Made, a Long Way To Go. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:74-95. [PMID: 33615162 PMCID: PMC7887745 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the continuous decline of the cognitive abilities manifested due to the accumulation of large aggregates of amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42), the formation of neurofibrillary tangles of hyper-phosphorylated forms of microtubule-associated tau protein, which may lead to many alterations at the cellular and systemic level. The current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on alleviating pathological symptoms rather than providing a possible cure. AD is one of the highly studied but least understood neurological problems and remains an unresolved condition of human brain degeneration. Over the years, multiple naturally derived small molecules, including plant products, microbial isolates, and some metabolic byproducts, have been projected as supplements reducing the risk or possible treatment of the disease. However, unfortunately, none has met the expected success. One major challenge for most medications is their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In past decades, nanotechnology-based interventions have offered an alternative platform to address the problem of the successful delivery of the drugs to the specific targets. Interestingly, the exciting interface of natural products and nanomedicine is delivering promising results in AD treatment. The potential applications of flavonoids, the plant-derived compounds best known for their antioxidant activities, and their amalgamation with nanomedicinal approaches may lead to highly effective therapeutic strategies for treating well-known neurodegenerative diseases. In the present review, we explore the possibilities and recent developments on an exciting combination of flavonoids and nanoparticles in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Prasanna
- Department
of Biotechnology, National Institute of
Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India 844102
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Department
of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindari, Kishangarh Ajmer, Rajasthan, India 305817
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96
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Bliskunova T, Genis-Mendoza AD, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Vega-Sevey JG, Jiménez-Genchi J, Roche A, Guzmán R, Zapata L, Castro-Chavira S, Fernández T, Villatoro-Velázquez JA, Camarena B, Fleiz-Bautista C, Bustos-Gamiño M, Medina-Mora ME, Nicolini H. Association of MGAT4C with major neurocognitive disorder in the Mexican population. Gene 2021; 778:145484. [PMID: 33581268 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) are characterized by cognitive decline. Most genetic studies of NCDs have been focused on single-nucleotide polymorphism; other genetic variations, such as copy number variants (CNV), have been less explored. The aim of the present study was to explore CNVs associated with NCDs in a small sample of Mexican individuals and search for the frequency in a larger replication sample of individuals at high-risk for or diagnosed with NCDs. METHOD The exploratory analysis analyzed whole-genome CNVs associated with NCDs in 1335 individuals, of whom 35 were diagnosed with NCDs and 1300 were population-based controls. Whole-genome CNVs were derived from PsychArray and the PennCNV algorithm. The frequency of associated CNVs in a sample of 277 individuals diagnosed with NCDs and 70 high-risk individuals was then determined using RT-PCR. RESULTS The exploratory analysis identified one deletion associated with NCDs (p = 0.007) affecting the gene MGAT4C (Mannosyl (Alpha-1,3-)-Glycoprotein Beta-1,4-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase, Isozyme C). In the replication sample, a frequency of 3.97% was found in individuals diagnosed with NCDs and 1.43% in high-risk individuals. CONCLUSIONS An association between a rare CNV on MGAT4C and cognitive impairment was found in this sample of the Mexican population. Nevertheless, studies with larger sample sizes are needed in order to further explore the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Bliskunova
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julissa Gabriela Vega-Sevey
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Janett Jiménez-Genchi
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital "Fray Bernardino Álvarez", Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrés Roche
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital "Fray Bernardino Álvarez", Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rafael Guzmán
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General de México, Clínica de Geriatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leonor Zapata
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital General de México, Clínica de Geriatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Thalia Fernández
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Neurología, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ameth Villatoro-Velázquez
- Unidad de Encuestas y Análisis de Datos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Camarena
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Clara Fleiz-Bautista
- Unidad de Encuestas y Análisis de Datos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marycarmen Bustos-Gamiño
- Unidad de Encuestas y Análisis de Datos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Elena Medina-Mora
- Unidad de Encuestas y Análisis de Datos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Abstract
Neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, have a significant negative impact on both patients and society at large. Since the prevalence of most of these disorders increases with age, the consequences for our aging population are only going to grow. It is now acknowledged that neurological disorders are multi-factorial involving disruptions in multiple cellular systems. While each disorder has specific initiating mechanisms and pathologies, certain common pathways appear to be involved in most, if not all, neurological disorders. Thus, it is becoming increasingly important to identify compounds that can modulate the multiple pathways that contribute to disease development or progression. One of these compounds is the flavonol fisetin. Fisetin has now been shown in preclinical models to be effective at preventing the development and/or progression of multiple neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke (both ischemic and hemorrhagic) and traumatic brain injury as well as to reduce age-associated changes in the brain. These beneficial effects stem from its actions on multiple pathways associated with the different neurological disorders. These actions include its well characterized anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects as well as more recently described effects on the regulated cell death oxytosis/ferroptosis pathway, the gut microbiome and its senolytic activity. Therefore, the growing body of pre-clinical data, along with fisetin’s ability to modulate a large number of pathways associated with brain dysfunction, strongly suggest that it would be worthwhile to pursue its therapeutic effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA
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98
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Maitra U, Harding T, Liang Q, Ciesla L. GardeninA confers neuroprotection against environmental toxin in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. Commun Biol 2021; 4:162. [PMID: 33547411 PMCID: PMC7864937 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is an age-associated neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons from the midbrain. Epidemiological studies have implicated exposures to environmental toxins like the herbicide paraquat as major contributors to Parkinson’s disease etiology in both mammalian and invertebrate models. We have employed a paraquat-induced Parkinson’s disease model in Drosophila as an inexpensive in vivo platform to screen therapeutics from natural products. We have identified the polymethoxyflavonoid, GardeninA, with neuroprotective potential against paraquat-induced parkinsonian symptoms involving reduced survival, mobility defects, and loss of dopaminergic neurons. GardeninA-mediated neuroprotection is not solely dependent on its antioxidant activities but also involves modulation of the neuroinflammatory and cellular death responses. Furthermore, we have successfully shown GardeninA bioavailability in the fly heads after oral administration using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Our findings reveal a molecular mechanistic insight into GardeninA-mediated neuroprotection against environmental toxin-induced Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis for novel therapeutic intervention. Maitra and colleagues identify the neuroprotective properties of GardeninA against environmental toxin-induced neurodegeneration in Drosophila. This study has the potential to influence future research into toxin-induced Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Maitra
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, 2320 Science and Engineering Complex, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0344, USA.
| | - Thomas Harding
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, 2320 Science and Engineering Complex, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0344, USA
| | - Qiaoli Liang
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, 2004 Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Lukasz Ciesla
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, 2320 Science and Engineering Complex, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0344, USA.
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99
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Živković L, Bajić V, Čabarkapa-Pirković A, Dekanski D, Forbes-Hernández TY, Zlatković-Švenda M, Perry G, Spremo-Potparević B. Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa duch.) Alba extract attenuates DNA damage in lymphocytes of patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13637. [PMID: 33547659 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage are common features in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) found in neurons and peripheral cells like peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Natural products such as strawberry cultivar Alba are an important source of bioactive nutrients that could help in lowering both the oxidative stress and DNA damage levels. The objective was to estimate the effects of Alba extract on DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of sporadic AD (aged 60-84 years) patients, and healthy elderly (aged 69-83 years) and young (aged 21-30 years) individuals in in vitro conditions. Comet assay was used as a sensitive technique for the evaluation of PBL DNA damage levels. Reduction of basal DNA damage level in PBL was shown in the young group after the incubation with Alba extract ranging from 25 to 200 μg/ml, with 100 μg/ml being the most effective concentration. Selected Alba extract of 100 μg/ml was further used for PBL treatment of AD and healthy elderly age matched group, displaying potential to significantly attenuate DNA damage levels in both groups (p < .05). Alba extract displayed biological activity against oxidative DNA damage, suggesting that its functional ingredients may have beneficial health effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The data obtained in this preliminary study displayed that strawberry Alba extract is efficient against DNA damage induced by endogenous and exogenous oxidative stress in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Alzheimer`s disease in vitro. An active area of future research of Alba cultivar should be to determine the trials in in vivo systems. Our findings also suggest that Alba cultivar's functional ingredients potentially may have beneficial health effects in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Živković
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan Bajić
- The Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Nuclear Research "Vinča", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Tamara Yuliett Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Mirjana Zlatković-Švenda
- Clinical Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - George Perry
- College of Sciences, The University of Texas, UTSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
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100
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Tahir MS, Almezgagi M, Zhang Y, Bashir A, Abdullah HM, Gamah M, Wang X, Zhu Q, Shen X, Ma Q, Ali M, Solangi ZA, Malik WS, Zhang W. Mechanistic new insights of flavonols on neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111253. [PMID: 33545661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With a large and increasing elderly population, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Multiple sclerosis (MS) have become a major and growing health problem. During the past few decades, the elderly population has grown 2.5 % every year. Unfortunately, there are no specific therapeutic remedies available to slow the onset or development of these diseases. An aging brain causes many pathophysiological changes and is the major risk factor for most of the neurodegenerative disorders. Polyphenolic compounds such as flavonols have shown therapeutic potential and can contribute to the treatment of these diseases. In this review, evidence for the beneficial neuroprotective effect of multiple flavonols is discussed and their multifactorial cellular pathways for the progressions of age-associated brain changes are identified. Moreover, the animal models of these diseases support the neuroprotective effect and target the potential of flavonols in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Tahir
- The Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medical Application of Qinghai Province, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Maged Almezgagi
- The Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medical Application of Qinghai Province, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Adnan Bashir
- Department of Pharmacology, Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry, Punjab Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hasnat Mazhar Abdullah
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Milton Keynes, MK6 5BY, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Gamah
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Xiaozhou Wang
- The Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medical Application of Qinghai Province, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Qinfang Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medical Application of Qinghai Province, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Xiangqun Shen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed Solangi
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Waseem Sami Malik
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medical Application of Qinghai Province, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining, 810001, China.
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