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Tomić A, Šovljanski O, Erceg T. Insight on Incorporation of Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Substances in Biopolymer-Based Active Packaging. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1473. [PMID: 37760769 PMCID: PMC10525543 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing interest in microbiological food safety requires the development of sensitive and reliable analyses and technologies for preserving food products' freshness and quality. Different types of packaging systems are one of the solutions for controlling microbiological activity in foods. During the last decades, the development of biopolymer-based active packaging with essential oil incorporation systems has resulted in technologies with exceptional application potential, primarily in the food industry. There is no doubt that this principle can facilitate food status monitoring, reduce food waste, extend the shelf life, improve the overall quality of food, or indicate a larger problem during the storage, production, and distribution of foodstuffs. On the other hand, most antimicrobial packaging systems are in the development phase, while the sensitivity, selectivity, complexity, and, above all, safety of these materials are just some of the essential questions that need to be answered before they can be widely used. The incorporation of essential oils as antimicrobial substances in biopolymer-based active packaging holds significant promise for enhancing food safety, extending shelf life, and offering more sustainable packaging solutions. While challenges exist, ongoing research and innovation in this field are likely to lead to the development of effective and environmentally friendly packaging systems with enhanced antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olja Šovljanski
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (A.T.); (T.E.)
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Zhao D, Ma Y, Wang W, Xiang Q. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion against Pseudomonas deceptionensis CM2. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19582. [PMID: 37809560 PMCID: PMC10558840 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and mechanism of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion (CON) against Pseudomonas deceptionensis CM2. The results revealed that CON could effectively inhibit the proliferation of P. deceptionensis CM2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. After 4 h of incubation with CON at the minimum inhibitory concentration (0.125 mg/mL), the relative fluorescence intensity of propidium iodide and 1-N-phenylnapthylamine (NPN) was increased by 32.0% and 351.4%, respectively. The membrane permeability of P. deceptionensis CM2 cells was significantly disrupted after CON treatment, resulting in the leakage of intracellular substances (such as proteins and electrolytes). CON also caused significant increases in the DiBAC4(3) fluorescence intensity of P. deceptionensis CM2 cells. These results demonstrate that CON induced inactivation of P. deceptionensis CM2 by destroying the integrity and function of bacterial membrane. A higher level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in CON-treated cells (p < 0.05), compared with control cells. Moreover, the addition of glutathione to the growth medium remarkably decreased the antimicrobial activity of CON against P. deceptionensis CM2, further confirming that oxidative stress played an important role in the antimicrobial activity of CON. Overall, CON may exhibit antibacterial effects by causing damage to the bacterial membranes and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianbo Zhao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Processing and Safety Control (Zhengzhou University of Light Industry), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yanqing Ma
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Processing and Safety Control (Zhengzhou University of Light Industry), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Processing and Safety Control (Zhengzhou University of Light Industry), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qisen Xiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Processing and Safety Control (Zhengzhou University of Light Industry), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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Elmaidomy AH, Abdel-Maqsoud NMR, Tammam OY, Abdel-Rahman IM, Elrehany MA, Bakhsh HT, Altemani FH, Algehainy NA, Alzubaidi MA, Alsenani F, Sayed AM, Abdelmohsen UR, Zahran EM. Egyptian mandarin peel oil's anti-scabies potential via downregulation-of-inflammatory/immune-cross-talk: GC-MS and PPI network studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14192. [PMID: 37648727 PMCID: PMC10469216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the scabicidal potential of Egyptian mandarin peel oil (Citrus reticulata Blanco, F. Rutaceae) against sarcoptic mange-in-rabbits. Analysis of the oil's GC-MS identified a total of 20 compounds, accounting for 98.91% of all compounds found. Mandarin peel oil topical application improved all signs of infection, causing a scabicidal effect three days later, whereas in vitro application caused complete mite mortality one day later. In comparison to ivermectin, histopathological analysis showed that the epidermis' inflammatory-infiltration/hyperkeratosis-had disappeared. In addition to TIMP-1, the results of the mRNA gene expression analysis showed upregulation of I-CAM-1-and-KGF and downregulation of ILs-1, 6, 10, VEGF, MMP-9, and MCP-1. The scabies network was constructed and subjected to a comprehensive bioinformatic evaluation. TNF-, IL-1B, and IL-6, the top three hub protein-coding genes, have been identified as key therapeutic targets for scabies. From molecular docking data, compounds 15 and 16 acquired sufficient affinity towards the three screened proteins, particularly both possessing higher affinity towards the IL-6 receptor. Interestingly, it achieved a higher binding energy score than the ligand of the docked protein rather than displaying proper binding interactions like those of the ligand. Meanwhile, geraniol (15) showed the highest affinity towards the GST protein, suggesting its contribution to the acaricidal effect of the extract. The subsequent, MD simulations revealed that geraniol can achieve stable binding inside the binding site of both GST and IL-6. Our findings collectively revealed the scabicidal ability of mandarin peel extract for the first time, paving the way for an efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly herbal alternative for treating rabbits with Sarcoptes mange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | | | - Omar Y Tammam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, Kharga, New Valley, Egypt
| | - Islam M Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrehany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minya, Egypt
| | - Hussain T Bakhsh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal H Altemani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh A Algehainy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak A Alzubaidi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alsenani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | | | - Eman Maher Zahran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minya, Egypt
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54
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Hou X, Jiang J, Luo C, Rehman L, Li X, Xie X. Advances in detecting fruit aroma compounds by combining chromatography and spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4755-4766. [PMID: 36782102 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fruit aroma is produced by volatile compounds, which can significantly enhance fruit flavor. These compounds are highly complex and have remarkable pharmacological effects. The synthesis, concentration, type, and quantity of fruit aroma substances are affected by various factors, both abiotic and biotic. To fully understand the aroma substances of various fruits and their influencing factors, detection technology can be used. Many methods exist for detecting aroma compounds, and approaches combining multiple instruments are widely used. This review describes and compares each detection technology and discusses the potential use of combined technologies to provide a comprehensive understanding of fruit aroma compounds and the factors influencing their synthesis. These results can inform the development and utilization of fruit aroma substances. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Junmei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Changqing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Latifur Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Xiangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
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55
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Park J, Nabawy A, Doungchawee J, Mahida N, Foster K, Jantarat T, Jiang M, Chattopadhyay AN, Hassan MA, Agrohia DK, Makabenta JM, Vachet RW, Rotello VM. Synergistic Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Biofilms Using Silver Nanoclusters Incorporated into Biodegradable Nanoemulsions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:37205-37213. [PMID: 37523688 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria is a critical global health challenge that is exacerbated by the ability of bacteria to form biofilms. We report a combination therapy for biofilm infections that integrates silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) into polymeric biodegradable nanoemulsions (BNEs) incorporating eugenol. These Ag-BNEs demonstrated synergistic antimicrobial activity between the AgNCs and the BNEs. Microscopy studies demonstrated that Ag-BNEs penetrated the dense biofilm matrix and effectively disrupted the bacterial membrane. The Ag-BNE vehicle also resulted in more effective silver delivery into the biofilm than AgNCs alone. This combinacional system featured disruptionof biofilms by BNEs and enhanced delivery of AgNCs for synergy to provide highly efficient killing of MDR biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmi Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ahmed Nabawy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jeerapat Doungchawee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Neel Mahida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Kiernan Foster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Teerapong Jantarat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Mingdi Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Aritra Nath Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Muhammad Aamir Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Dheeraj K Agrohia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jessa Marie Makabenta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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El Hachlafi N, Mrabti HN, Al-Mijalli SH, Jeddi M, Abdallah EM, Benkhaira N, Hadni H, Assaggaf H, Qasem A, Goh KW, AL-Farga A, Bouyahya A, Fikri-Benbrahim K. Antioxidant, Volatile Compounds; Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Dermatoprotective Properties of Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti Ex Carriere Essential Oil: In Vitro and In Silico Investigations. Molecules 2023; 28:5913. [PMID: 37570883 PMCID: PMC10421490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carriere is an endemic tree possessing valuable health benefits which has been widely used since time immemorial in international traditional pharmacopoeia. The aim of this exploratory investigation is to determine the volatile compounds of C. atlantica essential oils (CAEOs) and to examine their in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and dermatoprotective properties. In silico simulations, including molecular docking and pharmacokinetics absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), and drug-likeness prediction were used to reveal the processes underlying in vitro biological properties. Gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) was used for the chemical screening of CAEO. The antioxidant activity of CAEO was investigated using four in vitro complementary techniques, including ABTS and DPPH radicals scavenging activity, ferric reductive power, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (β-carotene test). Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition and tyrosinase inhibitory assays were used for testing the anti-inflammatory and dermatoprotective properties. GC-MS analysis indicated that the main components of CAEO are β-himachalene (28.99%), α-himachalene (14.43%), and longifolene (12.2%). An in vitro antimicrobial activity of CAEO was examined against eleven strains of Gram-positive bacteria (three strains), Gram-negative bacteria (four strains), and fungi (four strains). The results demonstrated high antibacterial and antifungal activity against ten of them (>15 mm zone of inhibition) using the disc-diffusion assay. The microdilution test showed that the lowest values of MIC and MBC were recorded with the Gram-positive bacteria in particular, which ranged from 0.0625 to 0.25 % v/v for MIC and from 0.5 to 0.125 % v/v for MBC. The MIC and MFC of the fungal strains ranged from 0.5 to 4.0% (MIC) and 0.5 to 8.0% v/v (MFC). According to the MBC/MIC and MFC/MIC ratios, CAEO has bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The results of the in vitro antioxidant assays revealed that CAEO possesses remarkable antioxidant activity. The inhibitory effects on 5-LOX and tyrosinase enzymes was also significant (p < 0.05). ADMET investigation suggests that the main compounds of CAEO possess favorable pharmacokinetic properties. These findings provide scientific validation of the traditional uses of this plant and suggest its potential application as natural drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, Fez 30000, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (M.J.); (N.B.)
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Casablanca, Casablanca 20250, Morocco;
| | - Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Jeddi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, Fez 30000, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (M.J.); (N.B.)
| | - Emad M. Abdallah
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nesrine Benkhaira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, Fez 30000, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (M.J.); (N.B.)
| | - Hanine Hadni
- LIMAS, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30050, Morocco;
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Biochemistry Department College of Science University of Jeddah, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, Fez 30000, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (M.J.); (N.B.)
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Feitosa BDS, Ferreira OO, Mali SN, Anand A, Cruz JN, Franco CDJP, Mahawer SK, Kumar R, Cascaes MM, de Oliveira MS, Andrade EHDA. Chemical Composition, Preliminary Toxicity, and Antioxidant Potential of Piper marginatum Sensu Lato Essential Oils and Molecular Modeling Study. Molecules 2023; 28:5814. [PMID: 37570784 PMCID: PMC10421147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential oils (OEs) of the leaves, stems, and spikes of P. marginatum were obtained by hydrodistillation, steam distillation, and simultaneous extraction. The chemical constituents were identified and quantified by GC/MS and GC-FID. The preliminary biological activity was determined by assessing the toxicity of the samples to Artemia salina Leach larvae and calculating the mortality rate and lethal concentration (LC50). The antioxidant activity of the EOs was determined by the DPPH radical scavenging method. Molecular modeling was performed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics, with acetylcholinesterase being the molecular target. The OES yields ranged from 1.49% to 1.83%. The EOs and aromatic constituents of P. marginatum are characterized by the high contents of (E)-isoosmorhizole (19.4-32.9%), 2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxypropiophenone (9.0-19.9%), isoosmorhizole (1.6-24.5%), and 2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxypropiophenone isomer (1.6-14.3%). The antioxidant potential was significant in the OE of the leaves and stems of P. marginatum extracted by SD in November (84.9 ± 4.0 mg TE·mL-1) and the OEs of the leaves extracted by HD in March (126.8 ± 12.3 mg TE·mL-1). Regarding the preliminary toxicity, the OEs of Pm-SD-L-St-Nov and Pm-HD-L-St-Nov had mortality higher than 80% in concentrations of 25 µg·mL-1. This in silico study on essential oils elucidated the potential mechanism of interaction of the main compounds, which may serve as a basis for advances in this line of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna de Souza Feitosa
- School of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | - Oberdan Oliveira Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology—Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil;
| | - Suraj N. Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Amit Anand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Jorddy Nevez Cruz
- School of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil (E.H.d.A.A.)
| | | | - Sonu Kumar Mahawer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, India
| | - Ravendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, India
| | - Marcia Moraes Cascaes
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil;
| | - Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas—Botânica Tropical, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
- Adolpho Ducke Laboratory—Coordination of Botany, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade
- School of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil (E.H.d.A.A.)
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology—Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas—Botânica Tropical, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
- Adolpho Ducke Laboratory—Coordination of Botany, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
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Cheng B, Huang M, Zhou T, Deng Q, Teketay Wassie, Wu T, Wu X. Garlic essential oil supplementation modulates colonic microbiota compositions and regulates immune response in weaned piglets. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18729. [PMID: 37554781 PMCID: PMC10404742 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the colonic microbiome compositions and immune response and reveal their correlations in weaned piglets fed with garlic essential oil (GEO). Twelve 21-day-old crossbred piglets with the same parity and similar weight (BW = 7.07 ± 0.37 Kg) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups based on BW and sex, which fed either a basal diet (CON group), or a basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g/kg GEO (GEO group). UHPLC-QE-MS showed the main component of GEO were belonged to carbohydrates, organic acid, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and terpenoids. GEO decreased serum IL-1β, IL-8 content and the down-regulated mRNA expression of IFN-γ, TLR2 in jejunal mucosa but increased serum IgG, IL-4 content and up-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-1β, TNF-α in ileal mucosa. What's more, the metagenomic analysis demonstrated that GEO increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Euryarchaeota and Spirochaetes, while decreased the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria at Phylum level and Selenomonas_boris, Selenomonadaceae_bacterium_DSM_108025, Clostridiales_bacterium and Phascolarctobacterium_succinatutens at species level. Notably, the main function pathway of virulence factor (VFDB) enriched in GEO group were Fibronection-binding protein, Zn++ metallophrotease and Capsular polysaccharide, while the main function pathway of VFDB enriched in CON group were heme biosynthesis, Lap and FeoAB. Spearman correlation analysis indicated the Spirochaetes had a positive association with IL-6 and IL-4. Acinobacteria was positively correlated with IL-1β, while negative with the IL-6; In addition, Euryarchaeota had a positive correlation with IL-4, but a negative correlation with IL-1β; Tenericutes was negative with IL-8; Phascolarcolarctobacterium_succinatutens and was negative with IL-6; Ruminococcaceae_bacterium was negative with TNF-α. While Selenomonadaceae_bacterium_DSM_108025 had a positive correlation with IL-8. In conclusion, our results uncovered that immune regulation effects of GEO may be associated with the microbiome compositions in response to GEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Mingyong Huang
- Hunan Tianxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qingqing Deng
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinxiang 453004, China
| | - Teketay Wassie
- Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tao Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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Mohamed Abdoul-Latif F, Ainane A, Houmed Aboubaker I, Mohamed J, Ainane T. Exploring the Potent Anticancer Activity of Essential Oils and Their Bioactive Compounds: Mechanisms and Prospects for Future Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1086. [PMID: 37631000 PMCID: PMC10458506 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, affecting millions of people each year. Fortunately, the last decades have been marked by considerable advances in the field of cancer therapy. Researchers have discovered many natural substances, some of which are isolated from plants that have promising anti-tumor activity. Among these, essential oils (EOs) and their constituents have been widely studied and shown potent anticancer activities, both in vitro and in vivo. However, despite the promising results, the precise mechanisms of action of EOs and their bioactive compounds are still poorly understood. Further research is needed to better understand these mechanisms, as well as their effectiveness and safety in use. Furthermore, the use of EOs as anticancer drugs is complex, as it requires absolute pharmacodynamic specificity and selectivity, as well as an appropriate formulation for effective administration. In this study, we present a synthesis of recent work on the mechanisms of anticancer action of EOs and their bioactive compounds, examining the results of various in vitro and in vivo studies. We also review future research prospects in this exciting field, as well as potential implications for the development of new cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatouma Mohamed Abdoul-Latif
- Medicinal Research Institute, Center for Studies and Research of Djibouti, IRM-CERD, Route de l’Aéroport, Haramous, Djibouti City P.O. Box 486, Djibouti;
| | - Ayoub Ainane
- Superior School of Technology of Khenifra, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, P.O. Box 170, Khenifra 54000, Morocco; (A.A.); (T.A.)
| | | | - Jalludin Mohamed
- Medicinal Research Institute, Center for Studies and Research of Djibouti, IRM-CERD, Route de l’Aéroport, Haramous, Djibouti City P.O. Box 486, Djibouti;
| | - Tarik Ainane
- Superior School of Technology of Khenifra, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, P.O. Box 170, Khenifra 54000, Morocco; (A.A.); (T.A.)
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60
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Escobedo-Gallegos LDG, Estrada-Angulo A, Castro-Pérez BI, Urías-Estrada JD, Calderón-Garay E, Ramírez-Santiago L, Valdés-García YS, Barreras A, Zinn RA, Plascencia A. Essential Oils Combined with Vitamin D3 or with Probiotic as an Alternative to the Ionophore Monensin Supplemented in High-Energy Diets for Lambs Long-Term Finished under Subtropical Climate. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2430. [PMID: 37570239 PMCID: PMC10417138 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with natural additives such as essential oils (EO) or probiotics has resulted in comparable growth performance to that of supplemental monensin in fattening lambs in hot environments. Supra-supplementation levels of vitamin D3 improved the carcass weight and dressing percentage of steers fattened under tropical conditions. We hypothesized that certain combinations of these natural additives could be complementary. For this reason, a feeding trial was carried out using 48 Pelibuey × Katahdin non-castrated male lambs (107 ± 14 d age; 17.9 ± 2.51 kg LW). Lambs were fed an 88:12 concentrate to forage ratio basal diet supplemented (dry matter basis, DMI) with: (1) no additive (CON); (2) 28 mg monensin/kg diet (MON); (3) 150 mg of essential oils containing a combination of thymol, eugenol, vanillin, guaiac, and limonene plus 0.12 mg vitamin D3 (EO + D3)/kg diet; and (4) 300 mg of essential oils containing a combination of carvacrol and cynamaldehyde plus 2 g probiotic (2.2 × 108 CFU of bacillus subtilis/kg diet, EO + BS). Lambs were grouped by initial weight and assigned within six weight groupings to 24 pens (2 lambs/pen, 6 replicas per treatment) in a randomized complete block design. The experiment lasted 121 days. Daily maximal THI exceeded the 80 "danger or "emergency" range for 119 days of the 121 days of the trial. Lambs supplemented with MON had similar DMI, growth performance, and dietary energetics to those of CON lambs. Lambs supplemented with EO + BS had a greater (9.2%, p ≤ 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) than the CON and MON groups due to enhanced (10.2%, p ≤ 0.05) dry matter intake. Thus, gain efficiency (GF) and estimated dietary energy were similar for CON, MON, and EO + BS. Lambs receiving EO + D3 had similar (0.254 vs. 0.262 kg/d) ADG but a lower DMI (8%, p < 0.05) compared with EO + BS lambs. Consequently, GF and estimated dietary net energy were greater (4.9 and 3.7%, respectively; p ≤ 0.05) for EO + D3 lambs. Even when ambient heat load was elevated, the efficiency of utilization of dietary energy (observed-to-expected dietary net energy) was close to 1.00 (0.992) expected for EO + D3 lambs. In contrast, efficiency of energy utilization was depressed by -4.4% for lambs on the other treatments. Compared with the other treatments, lambs receiving EO + D3 had greater longissimus muscle area (5.6%, p < 0.05) and lower kidney pelvic fat (21.8%, p ≤ 0.05). There were no treatment effects on shoulder tissue composition or whole cuts (expressed as % of cold carcass weight). Compared to CON, lambs that were fed with natural additives showed 3.5% lower (p ≤ 0.05) intestine mass. All supplemental additives decreased visceral fat mass, which was minimal with EO + D3 treatment. Combinations of essential oils with vitamins or probiotics were superior to antibiotic monensin in finishing diets for feedlot lambs. Combining EO with probiotics promoted DM intake and gain but not gain efficiency, while combining EO with vitamin D3 supra-supplementation increased dietary energy efficiency and improved some carcass characteristics in lambs fattening under high ambient heat loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía de G. Escobedo-Gallegos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80260, Mexico; (L.d.G.E.-G.); (A.E.-A.); (B.I.C.-P.); (J.D.U.-E.); (E.C.-G.); (L.R.-S.)
| | - Alfredo Estrada-Angulo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80260, Mexico; (L.d.G.E.-G.); (A.E.-A.); (B.I.C.-P.); (J.D.U.-E.); (E.C.-G.); (L.R.-S.)
| | - Beatriz I. Castro-Pérez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80260, Mexico; (L.d.G.E.-G.); (A.E.-A.); (B.I.C.-P.); (J.D.U.-E.); (E.C.-G.); (L.R.-S.)
| | - Jesús D. Urías-Estrada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80260, Mexico; (L.d.G.E.-G.); (A.E.-A.); (B.I.C.-P.); (J.D.U.-E.); (E.C.-G.); (L.R.-S.)
| | - Elizabeth Calderón-Garay
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80260, Mexico; (L.d.G.E.-G.); (A.E.-A.); (B.I.C.-P.); (J.D.U.-E.); (E.C.-G.); (L.R.-S.)
| | - Laura Ramírez-Santiago
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80260, Mexico; (L.d.G.E.-G.); (A.E.-A.); (B.I.C.-P.); (J.D.U.-E.); (E.C.-G.); (L.R.-S.)
| | - Yissel S. Valdés-García
- Veterinary Science Research Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico; (Y.S.V.-G.); (A.B.)
| | - Alberto Barreras
- Veterinary Science Research Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico; (Y.S.V.-G.); (A.B.)
| | - Richard A. Zinn
- Animal Science Department, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Alejandro Plascencia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80260, Mexico; (L.d.G.E.-G.); (A.E.-A.); (B.I.C.-P.); (J.D.U.-E.); (E.C.-G.); (L.R.-S.)
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61
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Sharma P, Wajid MA, Fayaz M, Bhat S, Nautiyal AK, Jeet S, Yadav AK, Singh D, Shankar R, Gairola S, Misra P. Morphological, phytochemical, and transcriptome analyses provide insights into the biosynthesis of monoterpenes in Monarda citriodora. PLANTA 2023; 258:49. [PMID: 37480390 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Morphological, phytochemical, and transcriptome analyses revealed candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of volatile monoterpenes and development of glandular trichomes in Monarda citriodora. Monarda citriodora Cerv. ex Lag. is a valuable aromatic plant due to the presence of monoterpenes as major constituents in its essential oil (EO). Thus, it is of sheer importance to gain knowledge about the site of the biosynthesis of these terpenoid compounds in M. citriodora, as well as the genes involved in their biosynthesis. In this study, we studied different types of trichomes and their relative densities in three different developmental stages of leaves, early stage of leaf development (L1), mid-stage of leaf development (L2), and later stage of leaf development (L3) and the histochemistry of trichomes for the presence of lipid and terpenoid compounds. Further, the phytochemical analysis of this plant through GC-MS indicated a higher content of monoterpenes (thymol, thymoquinone, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, and carvacrol) in the L1 stage with a substantial decrease in the L3 stage of leaf development. This considerable decrease in the content of monoterpenes was attributed to the decrease in the trichome density from L1 to L3. Further, we developed a de novo transcriptome assembly by carrying out RNA sequencing of different plant parts of M. citriodora. The transcriptome data revealed several putative unigenes involved in the biosynthesis of specialized terpenoid compounds, as well as regulatory genes involved in glandular trichome development. The data generated in the present study build a strong foundation for further improvement of M. citriodora, in terms of quantity and quality of its essential oil, through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mir Abdul Wajid
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mohd Fayaz
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sheetal Bhat
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Nautiyal
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Sabha Jeet
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Yadav
- Quality Management and Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Quality Management and Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Sumeet Gairola
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prashant Misra
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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62
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de Sousa DP, Damasceno ROS, Amorati R, Elshabrawy HA, de Castro RD, Bezerra DP, Nunes VRV, Gomes RC, Lima TC. Essential Oils: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1144. [PMID: 37509180 PMCID: PMC10377445 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the main mechanisms of pharmacological action of essential oils and their components in various biological systems. A brief introduction on essential oil chemistry is presented to better understand the relationship of chemical aspects with the bioactivity of these products. Next, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities are discussed. The mechanisms of action against various types of viruses are also addressed. The data show that the multiplicity of pharmacological properties of essential oils occurs due to the chemical diversity in their composition and their ability to interfere with biological processes at cellular and multicellular levels via interaction with various biological targets. Therefore, these natural products can be a promising source for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damião P de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Renan Oliveira S Damasceno
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Hatem A Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
| | - Ricardo D de Castro
- Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Vitória Regina V Nunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Rebeca C Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Tamires C Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Brazil
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63
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Cruz JN, Oliveira MSD, Cascaes M, Mali SN, Tambe S, Santos CBRD, Zoghbi MDGB, Andrade EHDA. Variation in the Chemical Composition of Endemic Specimens of Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig from the Amazon and In Silico Investigation of the ADME/Tox Properties of the Major Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2626. [PMID: 37514241 PMCID: PMC10384162 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Four species of the genus Hedychium can be found in Brazil. Hedychium coronarium is a species endemic to India and Brazil. In this paper, we collected six specimens of H. coronarium for evaluation of their volatile chemical profiles. For this, the essential oils of these specimens were extracted using hydrodistillation from plant samples collected in the state of Pará, Brazil, belonging to the Amazon region in the north of the country. Substance compounds were identified with GC/MS. The most abundant constituent identified in the rhizome and root oils was 1,8-cineole (rhizome: 35.0-66.1%; root: 19.6-20.8%). Leaf blade oil was rich in β-pinene (31.6%) and (E)-caryophyllene (31.6%). The results from this paper allow for greater knowledge about the volatile chemical profile of H. coronarium specimens, in addition to disseminating knowledge about the volatile compounds present in plant species in the Amazon region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorddy Neves Cruz
- Adolpho Ducke Laboratory, Botany Coordination, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia Cascaes
- Adolpho Ducke Laboratory, Botany Coordination, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Suraj N Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Main Campus at Mumbai, Deemed University, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Srushti Tambe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Main Campus at Mumbai, Deemed University, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Cleydson Breno Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Amapá, Brazil
| | | | - Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade
- Adolpho Ducke Laboratory, Botany Coordination, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
- Faculty of Chemistry, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, Belém 66075-750, Pará, Brazil
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64
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Georgantopoulos A, Vougioukas A, Kalousi FD, Tsialtas I, Psarra AMG. Comparative Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Activities of Four Greek Essential Oils: Involvement in the Regulation of NF-κΒ and Steroid Receptor Signaling. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1534. [PMID: 37511910 PMCID: PMC10381560 DOI: 10.3390/life13071534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are well-known for their anti-fungal, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and relaxing activities. Steroid hormones, especially glucocorticoids, are also well-known for their anti-inflammatory activities and control of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and glucose homeostasis. The biological activities of glucocorticoids render them the most widely prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs, despite their adverse side effects. In this study, comparative studies of the anti-inflammatory activities and interference with glucocorticoids receptor (GR) and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling of EOs from Greek Oregano, Melissa officinalis, Lavender and from the Chios Mastic, produced from the Greek endemic mastic tree, were performed in Human Embryonic Kidney 293 (HEK-293) cells. Chios Mastic (Mastiha) and oregano EOs exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activities. The former showed a reduction in both NF-κB activity and protein levels. Mastic essential oil also caused a reduction in GR protein levels that may compensate for its boosting effect on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced GR transcriptional activation, ending up in no induction of the gluconeogenic phoshoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) protein levels that constitute the GR target. Oregano, Melissa officinalis and lavender EOs caused the suppression of the transcriptional activation of GR. Furthermore, the most active EO, that taken from Melissa officinalis, showed a reduction in both GR and PEPCK protein levels. Thus, the anti-inflammatory and anti-gluconeogenic activities of the EOs were uncovered, possibly via the regulation of GR signaling. Moreover, cytotoxic actions of Melissa officinalis and lavender EOs via the induction of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis were revealed. Our results highlight these essentials oils' anti-inflammatory and apoptotic actions in relation to their implication on the regulation of steroid hormones' actions, uncovering their potential use in steroid therapy, with many applications in pharmaceutical and health industries as anti-cancer, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas Georgantopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Athanasios Vougioukas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Foteini D Kalousi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsialtas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Anna-Maria G Psarra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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65
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Wang W, Li T, Chen J, Ye Y. Inhibition of Salmonella Enteritidis by Essential Oil Components and the Effect of Storage on the Quality of Chicken. Foods 2023; 12:2560. [PMID: 37444298 PMCID: PMC10341335 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This research investigates the antibacterial potential of plant essential oil components including thymol, carvacrol, citral, cinnamaldehyde, limonene, and β-pinene against Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis). Through the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration, three kinds of natural antibacterial agents with the best inhibitory effect on S. Enteritidis were determined, namely thymol (128 μg/mL), carvacrol (256 μg/mL), and cinnamaldehyde (128 μg/mL). Physical, chemical, microbial, and sensory characteristics were regularly monitored on days 0, 2, 4, and 6. The findings of this study reveal that both thymol at MIC of 128 μg/mL and carvacrol at MIC of 256 μg/mL not only maintained the sensory quality of chicken, but also decreased the pH, moisture content, and TVB-N value. Additionally, thymol, carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde successfully inhibited the formation of S. Enteritidis biofilm, thereby minimizing the number of S. Enteritidis and the total aerobic plate count in chicken. Hence, thymol, carvacrol, and cinnamaldehyde have more effective inhibitory activities against S. Enteritidis, which can effectively prevent the spoilage of chicken and reduce the loss of its functional components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (T.L.); (J.C.); (Y.Y.)
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Galgano M, Pellegrini F, Mrenoshki D, Capozza P, Omar AH, Salvaggiulo A, Camero M, Lanave G, Tempesta M, Pratelli A, Buonavoglia A. Assessing Contact Time and Concentration of Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil on Antibacterial Efficacy In Vitro. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1129. [PMID: 37508225 PMCID: PMC10376642 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The overuse and misuse of antibiotics can pose the risk of spreading mutant strains that show antimicrobial resistance (AMR), with negative impacts on the management of bacterial infections and economic implications for healthcare systems. The research and development of natural antibacterial agents could be a priority in the next years to improve a number of effective antibacterial molecules and to reduce the AMR phenomenon and its development. The present study identified the most effective concentration and contact time of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TEO) to obtain bactericidal effects in vitro against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Six clinically isolated (wild types) bacterial strains, (Citrobacter freundii, Enterococcus feciorum, Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter cioffi, Pseudomonas putrefaciens and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and two ATCCs (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans) were tested after 1 min, 3 min and 5 min of contact with TEO. The preliminary results on S. aureus after 24 h of incubation revealed a TEO concentration of 9.28 mg/mL (w/v) that completely inhibited bacteria growth, keeping cell viability. The total suppression of bacterial growth at all tested contact times was observed for all tested bacterial strains, and the results were confirmed after 48 h of incubation. Bacterial growth suppression was confirmed even with the presence of organic components. These preliminary results showed the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of TEO against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Future studies are necessary to confirm the reproducibility of these results even on other strains and to define the exact molecular mechanisms of EOs in order to consider TEO as a valid alternative to classic antibiotic therapies and subsequently to reduce the occurrence of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Galgano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pellegrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Mrenoshki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Ahmed Hassan Omar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Salvaggiulo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Tempesta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Pratelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessio Buonavoglia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Dental School, Via Zamboni 33, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Liu S, Zhao C, Cao Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Nie D, Tang W, Li Y. Comparison of Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Litsea Cubeba, Cinnamon, Anise, and Eucalyptus. Molecules 2023; 28:5051. [PMID: 37446712 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity of litsea cubeba oil (LCO), cinnamon oil (CO), anise oil (AO), and eucalyptus oil (EUC) in vitro. The chemical compositions of the essential oils (EOs) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of the four EOs was evaluated through scavenging DPPH free radicals, chelating Fe2+, scavenging hydroxyl free radicals, and inhibiting yolk lipid peroxidation. The results showed that the major compounds found in LCO, CO, AO, and EUC are citral (64.29%), cinnamaldehyde (84.25%), anethole (78.51%), and 1,8-cineole (81.78%), respectively. The four EOs all had certain antioxidant activity. The ability to scavenge DPPH radical was ranked in the order of LCO > CO > AO > EUC. The hydroxyl radical scavenging ability was ranked in the order of EUC > CO > LCO > AO. The chelating Fe2+ capacity was ranked in the order of EUC > AO > CO > LCO. The yolk lipid peroxidation inhibition ability was ranked in the order of CO > AO > EUC > LCO. In different antioxidant activity assays, the antioxidant activity of the EOs was different. It was speculated that the total antioxidant activity of an EO may be the result of the joint action of different antioxidant capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutian Liu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuwei Cao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dechao Nie
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weixuan Tang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, No. 7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
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da Silva LYS, Paulo CLR, Moura TF, Alves DS, Pessoa RT, Araújo IM, de Morais Oliveira-Tintino CD, Tintino SR, Nonato CDFA, da Costa JGM, Ribeiro-Filho J, Coutinho HDM, Kowalska G, Mitura P, Bar M, Kowalski R, Menezes IRAD. Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Piper tuberculatum Jacq. Fruits against Multidrug-Resistant Strains: Inhibition of Efflux Pumps and β-Lactamase. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2377. [PMID: 37376002 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a growing public health concern in recent decades, demanding a search for new effective treatments. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the phytochemical composition and evaluate the antibacterial activity of the essential oil obtained from the fruits of Piper tuberculatum Jacq. (EOPT) against strains carrying different mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Phytochemical analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antibacterial activity of EOPT and its ability to inhibit antibiotic resistance was evaluated through the broth microdilution method. The GC-MS analysis identified 99.59% of the constituents, with β-pinene (31.51%), α-pinene (28.38%), and β-cis-ocimene (20.22%) being identified as major constituents. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EOPT was determined to assess its antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (IS-58, 1199B, K2068, and K4100). The compound showed a MIC of ≥ 1024 μg/mL, suggesting a lack of intrinsic antibacterial activity. However, when the EOPT was associated with antibiotics and EtBr, a significant decrease in antibiotic resistance was observed, indicating the modulation of efflux pump activity. This evidence was corroborated with the observation of increased fluorescent light emission by the bacterial strains, indicating the involvement of the NorA and MepA efflux pumps. Additionally, the significant potentiation of ampicillin activity against the S. aureus strain K4414 suggests the β-lactamase inhibitory activity of EOPT. These results suggest that the essential oil from P. tuberculatum fruits has antibiotic-enhancing properties, with a mechanism involving the inhibition of efflux pumps and β-lactamase in MDR S. aureus strains. These findings provide new perspectives on the potential use of EOPT against antibiotic resistance and highlight the importance of Piper species as sources of bioactive compounds with promising therapeutic activities against MDR bacteria. Nevertheless, further preclinical (in vivo) studies remain necessary to confirm these in vitro-observed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Yure Santos da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Cicera Laura Roque Paulo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Talysson Felismino Moura
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Alves
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Renata Torres Pessoa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Isaac Moura Araújo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Saulo Relison Tintino
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Carla de Fatima Alves Nonato
- Laboratory Natural Products Research, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - José Galberto Martins da Costa
- Laboratory Natural Products Research, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Jaime Ribeiro-Filho
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Fiocruz Ceará, R. São José, S/N-Precabura, Eusébio 21040-900, CE, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Grażyna Kowalska
- Department of Tourism and Recreation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Przemysław Mitura
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Medical University of Lublin, 8 Jaczewskiego Str., 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Bar
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Medical University of Lublin, 8 Jaczewskiego Str., 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Radosław Kowalski
- Department of Analysis and Food Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Str., 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
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Abd El-Aziz M, Salama HH, Sayed RS. Plant extracts and essential oils in the dairy industry: A review. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2023:321-337. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2023-2-579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used as food additives worldwide to enhance the sensory qualities of foods and extend their shelf life by reducing or eliminating foodborne pathogens. They also serve as therapeutic agents due to their beneficial effects on human health through their anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-modulatory properties.
Plants can be added to food as a dry powder, grated material, paste, juice, or as an extract that can be produced by a variety of methods. Plant extracts and essential oils are concentrated sources of bioactive phytochemicals that can be added to food in small amounts in a variety of forms. These forms include liquid, semi-solid, or dry powder for easy and uniform diffusion. Encapsulation can protect bioactive compounds from temperature, moisture, oxidation, and light, as well as allow for controlling the release of the encapsulated ingredients. Nanoemulsions can enhance the bioactivity of active components.
This review explains how plant extracts and essential oils are used in the dairy industry as antimicrobial materials, analyzing their impact on starter bacteria; as natural antioxidants to prevent the development of off-flavors and increase shelf life; and as technological auxiliaries, like milk-clotting enzymes, stabilizers, and flavoring agents. Therefore, plant extracts and essential oils are a better choice for the dairy industry than plants or their parts due to a wide range of applications, homogeneous dispersion, and ability to control the concentration of the bioactive ingredients and enhance their efficiency.
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Romo-Castillo M, Flores-Bautista VA, Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Reyes-Chilpa R, León-Santiago M, Luna-Pineda VM. Synergy of Plant Essential Oils in Antibiotic Therapy to Combat Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:839. [PMID: 37375786 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased antibiotic resistance presents a health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization published a list of pathogens considered a priority for designing new treatments. Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is a top-priority microorganism, highlighting the strains that produce carbapenemases. Developing new efficient therapies or complementing existing treatments is a priority, and essential oils (EOs) provide an alternative. EOs could act as antibiotic adjuvants and enhance antibiotic activity. Employing standard methodologies, the antibacterial activity of the EOs and their synergic effect with antibiotics were detected. A string test was used to identify the impact of the EOs over the hypermucoviscosity phenotype presented by Kp strains, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis identified EOs and the composition of EOs. The potential of EOs for designing synergistic therapies with antibiotics to combat the infection of KPC diseases was demonstrated. In addition, the alteration of the hypermucoviscosity phenotype was shown as the principal mechanism of a synergic action between EOs and antibiotics. The differential composition of the EOs lets us identify some molecules that will be analyzed. Synergic activity of EOs and antibiotics can provide a solid platform for combating multiresistant pathogens that represent a severe health sector problem, such as Kp infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Romo-Castillo
- CONAHCYT/HIMFG, Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Victor Andrés Flores-Bautista
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza Campus II, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - Silvia Laura Guzmán-Gutiérrez
- CONAHCYT/Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Reyes-Chilpa
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Mayra León-Santiago
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Victor Manuel Luna-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
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Romanescu M, Oprean C, Lombrea A, Badescu B, Teodor A, Constantin GD, Andor M, Folescu R, Muntean D, Danciu C, Dalleur O, Batrina SL, Cretu O, Buda VO. Current State of Knowledge Regarding WHO High Priority Pathogens-Resistance Mechanisms and Proposed Solutions through Candidates Such as Essential Oils: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119727. [PMID: 37298678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the 10 global health issues identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2021. While AMR is a naturally occurring process, the inappropriate use of antibiotics in different settings and legislative gaps has led to its rapid progression. As a result, AMR has grown into a serious global menace that impacts not only humans but also animals and, ultimately, the entire environment. Thus, effective prophylactic measures, as well as more potent and non-toxic antimicrobial agents, are pressingly needed. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) is supported by consistent research in the field. Although EOs have been used for centuries, they are newcomers when it comes to managing infections in clinical settings; it is mainly because methodological settings are largely non-overlapping and there are insufficient data regarding EOs' in vivo activity and toxicity. This review considers the concept of AMR and its main determinants, the modality by which the issue has been globally addressed and the potential of EOs as alternative or auxiliary therapy. The focus is shifted towards the pathogenesis, mechanism of resistance and activity of several EOs against the six high priority pathogens listed by WHO in 2017, for which new therapeutic solutions are pressingly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirabela Romanescu
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- OncoGen Centre, County Hospital 'Pius Branzeu', Blvd. Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Lombrea
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bianca Badescu
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ana Teodor
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - George D Constantin
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Minodora Andor
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Folescu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Muntean
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Olivia Dalleur
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 73, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Laurentiu Batrina
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavian Cretu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Valentina Oana Buda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Ineu City Hospital, 2 Republicii Street, 315300 Ineu, Romania
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Adeyemi SB, Akere AM, Orege JI, Ejeromeghene O, Orege OB, Akolade JO. Polymeric nanoparticles for enhanced delivery and improved bioactivity of essential oils. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16543. [PMID: 37484246 PMCID: PMC10360594 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are volatile constituents that give aromatic plants their characteristic odour. The application of these plant actives in food, agriculture, pharmaceutics, and cosmetics has been widely studied. Aromatherapy, a complementary therapy involving the use of essential oils to treat several diseases ranging from microbial infections to metabolic dysfunctions, has been utilised for centuries. Anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities are well-established among other pharmacological properties of these aromatic oils. The oils, which are composed mainly of terpene-based compounds, have also been explored as nutraceuticals, alternative green preservatives, and functional additives in foods. However, due to their physicochemical properties, viz high volatility and low aqueous solubility, essential oil delivery to target receptors were challenging when administered as chemotherapeutics. Hence, formulating essential oils with suitable excipients to enhance their delivery and bioavailability, invariably improving their bioactivity and therapeutic efficacy becomes expedient. Nanotechnology presents a unique strategy to develop a particulate delivery system for the controlled, sustained, and extended release of essential oils. In this review, we examine and summarize the trends and developments in the formulation of essential oils using polymeric nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aishat Mojisola Akere
- Public Library of Science (PLOS), The Bradfield Centre, 184 Cambridge Science Park, Milton, Cambridge, CB4 0GA, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua Iseoluwa Orege
- Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, PMB 5363, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Onome Ejeromeghene
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, PR China
| | | | - Jubril Olayinka Akolade
- Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja, Nigeria
- Department of Biotechnology, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria
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El Hachlafi N, Benkhaira N, Al-Mijalli SH, Mrabti HN, Abdnim R, Abdallah EM, Jeddi M, Bnouham M, Lee LH, Ardianto C, Ming LC, Bouyahya A, Fikri-Benbrahim K. Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of essential oils from Moroccan medicinal plants: Mentha suaveolens, Lavandula stoechas, and Ammi visnaga. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114937. [PMID: 37267633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mentha suaveolens, Lavandula stoechas, and Ammi visnaga are widely used in Moroccan folk medicine against several pathological disorders, including diabetes and infectious diseases. This work was designed to determine the chemical profile of M. suaveolens (MSEO), L. stoechas (LSEO), and A. visnaga (AVEO) essential oils and assess their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects. The volatile components of LSEO, AVEO, and MSEO were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The in vitro antidiabetic activity was assessed using α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, while DPPH, FRAP, and β-carotene/linoleic acid methods were used to determine the antioxidant capacity. The antimicrobial activities were investigated using disc diffusion and broth-microdilution assays. GC-MS investigation revealed that the main components were fenchone (29.77 %) and camphor (24.9 %) for LSEO, and linalool (38.29 %) for AVEO, while MSEO was mainly represented by piperitenone oxide (74.55 %). The results of the antimicrobial evaluation showed that all examined essential oils (EOs) had noticeable antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and yeast, especially Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis. The MIC, MBC, and MFC values were ranged from 0.015 % to 0.5 %. The MBC/MIC and MFC/MIC ratios were less than or equal to 4.0 % (v/v), indicating their noticeable bactericidal and candidacidal efficacy. Moreover, the three EOs showed significant inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase (p < 0.05). It also exerted remarkable activity on FRAP, β-carotene, and DPPH radicals. These findings demonstrated that the tested plants have promising biological activities, validating their ethnomedicinal value and providing potential applications as natural drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Nesrine Benkhaira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rhizlan Abdnim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Mohammed First Univesity, Faculty of Sciences, B.P. 717 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Emad M Abdallah
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Jeddi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Mohammed First Univesity, Faculty of Sciences, B.P. 717 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University of Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 10106, Morocco.
| | - Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
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Schneider G, Steinbach A, Putics Á, Solti-Hodován Á, Palkovics T. Potential of Essential Oils in the Control of Listeria monocytogenes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1364. [PMID: 37374865 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen, the causative agent of listeriosis. Infections typically occur through consumption of foods, such as meats, fisheries, milk, vegetables, and fruits. Today, chemical preservatives are used in foods; however, due to their effects on human health, attention is increasingly turning to natural decontamination practices. One option is the application of essential oils (EOs) with antibacterial features, since EOs are considered by many authorities as being safe. In this review, we aimed to summarize the results of recent research focusing on EOs with antilisterial activity. We review different methods via which the antilisterial effect and the antimicrobial mode of action of EOs or their compounds can be investigated. In the second part of the review, results of those studies from the last 10 years are summarized, in which EOs with antilisterial effects were applied in and on different food matrices. This section only included those studies in which EOs or their pure compounds were tested alone, without combining them with any additional physical or chemical procedure or additive. Tests were performed at different temperatures and, in certain cases, by applying different coating materials. Although certain coatings can enhance the antilisterial effect of an EO, the most effective way is to mix the EO into the food matrix. In conclusion, the application of EOs is justified in the food industry as food preservatives and could help to eliminate this zoonotic bacterium from the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Schneider
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti St. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Steinbach
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti St. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Putics
- Central Laboratory, Aladár Petz Teaching Hospital, Vasvári Pál Street 2-4, H-9024 Győr, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Solti-Hodován
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti St. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Palkovics
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti St. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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D'Aquila P, Sena G, Crudo M, Passarino G, Bellizzi D. Effect of Essential Oils of Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Rutaceae Family Plants on Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Quorum Sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1150. [PMID: 37317124 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological role played by essential oils extracted from aromatic plants is progressively being recognized. This study evaluated the potential antibacterial activity of ten essential oils against Chromobacterium violaceum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis by measuring their minimum inhibitory concentration. We found that essential oils exert different antimicrobial effects, with Origanum vulgare and Foeniculum vulgare demonstrating the most significant inhibitory effect on bacterial growth for C. violaceum and E. faecalis. The growth of P. aeruginosa was not affected by any essential oil concentration we used. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of essential oils reduced in C. violaceum and E. faecalis biofilm formation, violacein amount, and gelatinase activity, all of which are biomarkers of the Quorum Sensing process. These concentrations significantly affect the global methylation profiles of cytosines and adenines, thus leading to the hypothesis that the oils also exert their effects through epigenetic changes. Considering the results obtained, it is possible that essential oils can find a broad spectrum of applications in counteracting microbial contamination and preserving sterility of surfaces and foods, as well as inhibiting microbial growth of pathogens, alone or in combination with traditional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia D'Aquila
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giada Sena
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Michele Crudo
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Dina Bellizzi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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76
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Lu Y, Li X, Xu J, Sun H, Sheng J, Song Y, Chen Y. Utilizing Imine Bonds to Create a Self-Gated Mesoporous Silica Material with Controlled Release and Antimicrobial Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1384. [PMID: 37110969 PMCID: PMC10143618 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, silica nanomaterials have been widely studied as carriers in the field of antibacterial activity in food. Therefore, it is a promising but challenging proposition to construct responsive antibacterial materials with food safety and controllable release capabilities using silica nanomaterials. In this paper, a pH-responsive self-gated antibacterial material is reported, which uses mesoporous silica nanomaterials as a carrier and achieves self-gating of the antibacterial agent through pH-sensitive imine bonds. This is the first study in the field of food antibacterial materials to achieve self-gating through the chemical bond of the antibacterial material itself. The prepared antibacterial material can effectively sense changes in pH values caused by the growth of foodborne pathogens and choose whether to release antibacterial substances and at what rate. The development of this antibacterial material does not introduce other components, ensuring food safety. In addition, carrying mesoporous silica nanomaterials can also effectively enhance the inhibitory ability of the active substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xutao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yishan Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yang Chen
- NEST Laboratory, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Yaolu Instrument & Equipment Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200444, China
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77
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Torshabi M, MoadabShoar Z, Negahban M. Preparation of Citrus reticulata peel nano-encapsulated essential oil and in vitro assessment of its biological properties. Eur J Oral Sci 2023; 131:e12924. [PMID: 36794558 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries is the most common biofilm-dependent oral disease. Streptococcus mutans is among the main microorganisms responsible for the development of dental caries. Nano-suspension of Citrus reticulata (tangerine) peel essential oil in 0.5% (v/v) concentration was prepared and its antibacterial effect on S. mutans in planktonic and biofilm forms as well as its cytotoxic and antioxidant effects were assessed and compared with chlorhexidine (CHX). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of free essential oil, nano-encapsulated essential oil, and CHX was 5.6% (v/v), 0.0005% (v/v), and 0.0002% (w/v), respectively. The percentage of biofilm inhibition by the free essential oil, nano-encapsulated essential oil, and CHX at half-MIC was 67.3%, 24%, and 90.6%, respectively. The nano-encapsulated essential oil had no cytotoxicity and showed significant antioxidant effects in different concentrations. Nano-encapsulation of tangerine peel essential oil significantly enhanced its biological activities in much lower concentrations than the free essential oil (11,000 times diluted). It also showed lower cytotoxicity and higher antibiofilm effects in sub-MICs compared with CHX, indicating the optimal potential of tangerine nano-encapsulated essential oil for incorporation in the composition of organic antibacterial and antioxidant mouth rinses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Torshabi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra MoadabShoar
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Negahban
- Department of Pesticides Researches, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
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78
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Dudeja I, Mankoo RK, Singh A. Citric acid crosslinked ternary blended (polyvinyl alcohol, lignin, lemongrass essential oil/nanoemulsions) biopolymeric hydrogel films: structural, functional, antioxidant, antifungal and biodegradable properties. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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79
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Cozzi L, Vicenza T, Battistini R, Masotti C, Suffredini E, Di Pasquale S, Fauconnier ML, Ercolini C, Serracca L. Effects of Essential Oils and Hydrolates on the Infectivity of Murine Norovirus. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030682. [PMID: 36992391 PMCID: PMC10055854 DOI: 10.3390/v15030682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of natural substances with antiviral properties might reduce foodborne viral diseases. In this study, we evaluated the virucidal effect of Citrus limon and Thymus serpyllum essential oils (EOs) and of Citrus Limon, Thymus serpyllum and Thymus vulgaris hydrolates on murine norovirus (MNV), a human norovirus surrogate. To assess the virucidal effect of these natural substances, the reduction in viral infectivity was estimated by comparing the TCID50/mL of untreated viral suspension and the viral suspension treated with hydrolates and EOs at different concentrations. The results showed a natural loss of infectivity of the untreated virus after 24 h of approx. 1 log. The EO (1%) of T. serpyllum, and hydrolates (1% and 2%) of T. serpyllum and T. vulgaris immediately caused a reduction in MNV infectivity of about 2 log but did not provide a further significant decrease after 24 h. Instead, the EO (1%) and hydrolate (1% and 2%) of C. limon exerted an immediate reduction in the viral infectivity of about 1.3 log and 1 log, respectively, followed by a further reduction in infectivity of 1 log after 24 h for the hydrolate. These results will allow for the implementation of a depuration treatment based on the use of these natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Cozzi
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Vicenza
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Battistini
- Department of La Spezia, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via degli Stagnoni 96, 19100 La Spezia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Chiara Masotti
- Department of La Spezia, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via degli Stagnoni 96, 19100 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Suffredini
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Di Pasquale
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Carlo Ercolini
- Department of La Spezia, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via degli Stagnoni 96, 19100 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Laura Serracca
- Department of La Spezia, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via degli Stagnoni 96, 19100 La Spezia, Italy
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80
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Effects of dietary supplementation with phytobiotic encapsulated plant extracts on broilers’ performance parameters, welfare traits and meat characteristics. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2023-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Medicinal plants exhibit significant effects on broiler physiology and production. This trial aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with an aqueous or cyclodextrin extract derived from a mixture of Origanum vulgare L., Camelina sativa L. Crantz, Crithmum maritimum L., and Allium sativum L. at the level of 0.1% per kg of dry matter (DM) on broiler growth performance, welfare, meat chemical composition, and oxidative stability.
Results: Cyclodextrin treated group presented significantly higher final body weight, while feed intake and FCR were unaffected by the treatments. Both aqueous and cyclodextrin treated groups had significantly lower pododermatitis score compared to the control group. Additionally, both treatment groups presented increased thigh meat protein content and lower fat content, likewise meat color was also positively affected by both treatments. Supplementation of broilers diet with the cyclodextrin extract also resulted in ∑n-3 fatty acids and ∑n-6 fatty acids increase. The PUFA/SFA and H/H ratios were also increased in the thigh meat of both supplemented groups compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The application of aqueous or cyclodextrin extracts yielded positive results on meat composition, and supported growth performance, welfare, and the oxidative status of the chicken meat.
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81
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Antibacterial Properties of Eucalyptus globulus Essential Oil against MRSA: A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030474. [PMID: 36978341 PMCID: PMC10044518 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a huge threat against the public health sphere and is a major cause of global mortality and morbidity. Antibiotic misuse and overuse have led to the development of many resistant bacterial strains. One particular bacterium of concern is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is the most common resistant bacteria in humans. Antibiotic development has been unable to keep up with the rapid evolution of antibiotic-resistant organisms, and there is an urgent need to identify alternative agents to combat this problem. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the literature on the antibacterial properties of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against MRSA. The articles used in this review were obtained through a systematic search of the literature across four databases, with the timeline being between 2002 and 2022. Twenty studies were included in this review, which used various methods to investigate the antibacterial properties of E. globulus essential oil, alone or in combination with other agents, against MRSA. The findings suggest that E. globulus essential oil has antibacterial properties against MRSA, which can be enhanced when used in combination with other agents, such as other essential oils and antibiotics.
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82
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Bumrungnok K, Threepopnatkul P. Development of active PLA/PEG-blended film with grape seed extract for straw mushroom shelf life extension. Macromol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-023-00133-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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83
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Patel HK, Gomes EN, Wu Q, Patel N, Kobayashi DY, Wang C, Simon JE. Volatile metabolites from new cultivars of catnip and oregano as potential antibacterial and insect repellent agents. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1124305. [PMID: 36909430 PMCID: PMC9995836 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1124305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant based natural products have been widely used as antibacterial and insect repellent agents globally. Because of growing resistance in bacterial plant pathogens and urban pests to current methods of control, combined with the long- and short-term negative impact of certain chemical controls in humans, non-target organisms, and the environment, finding alternative methods is necessary to prevent and/or mitigate losses caused by these pathogens and pests. The antibacterial and insect repellent activities of essential oils of novel cultivars of catnip (Nepeta cataria L. cv. CR9) and oregano (Origanum vulgare L. cv. Pierre) rich in the terpenes nepetalactone and carvacrol, respectively, were evaluated using the agar well diffusion assay and petri dish repellency assay. The essential oils exhibit moderate to high antibacterial activity against three plant pathogens, Pseudomonas cichorii, Pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas perforans of economic interest and the individual essential oils, their mixtures and carvacrol possess strong insect repellent activity against the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.), an urban pest of major significance to public health. In this study, the essential oils of catnip and oregano were determined to be promising candidates for further evaluation and development as antibacterial agents and plant-based insect repellents with applications in agriculture and urban pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harna K. Patel
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Erik Nunes Gomes
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES), Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Qingli Wu
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Nrupali Patel
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Donald Y. Kobayashi
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Changlu Wang
- Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - James E. Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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84
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Phytochemical Composition and Insight into Antibacterial Potential of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil from Saudi Arabia Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In Saudi Arabia, Origanum vulgare is widely disseminated. In the present work, we used GC-MS analysis to identify the components of Origanum vulgare essential oil. The disc diffusion assay was used to assess the essential oil’s in vitro antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The antimicrobial efficacy against many microbial proteins, including tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), DNA gyrase, and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), was further evaluated using molecular docking. Eighteen compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis, which constituted 99.81% of the total essential oil content. Terpinen-4-ol (34.3%), Beta-Terpineol (16.96%), 3-Epimoretenol (11.84%), and Alpha-Terpineol (3.86%) were the main substances identified. According to the antibacterial investigation, the inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus was 8 mm and 6 mm against Escherichia coli. High affinities were found between 3-Epimoretenol and tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) compared to positive controls (Clorobiocin, SCHEMBL2181345); the affinity values were −8.3 Kcal/mol and −9.2, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that Origanum vulgare essential oil can be used as a nutraceutical to treat infectious diseases.
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85
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Filatov VA, Kulyak OY, Kalenikova EI. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Potential of a Plant-Based Substance for the Treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030328. [PMID: 36986428 PMCID: PMC10053605 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is the most prevalent dermatological disease, occurring in up to 50% of newborns, children, and adults around the world. The antibacterial and antifungal resistance contributed to the search for new natural substances and the development of a novel substance based on Melaleuca alternifolia (M. alternifolia) leaf oil (TTO), 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), and α-(-)-bisabolol. Thus, this work aimed to determine the chemical composition of the novel plant-based substance and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity against standard microorganisms involved in the pathogenesis of SD. Moreover, the chemical composition of the substance was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Micrococcus luteus (M. luteus), and Candida albicans (C. albicans) were used for antimicrobial and antifungal assays by means of the broth microdilution method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Finally, the substance’s ability to inhibit Malassezia furfur (M. furfur) was evaluated. Eighteen compounds from different chemical groups were identified by GC/MS. The major biologically active compounds of the substance were terpinen-4-ol (20.88%), 1,8-cineole (22.28%), (-)-α-bisabolol (25.73%), and o-cymene (8.16%). The results showed that the substance has a synergistic antimicrobial and antifungal activity, while S. epidermidis and C. albicans strains were the most susceptible. Furthermore, the substance inhibited M. furfur, which is a main pathogen involved in the pathogenesis of SD and clinical manifestations. It can be concluded that the novel plant-based substance has a promising potential against M. furfur and scalp commensal bacteria and may be helpful for the development of new drugs for treatment of dandruff and SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor A. Filatov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Organization of Pharmaceutical Business, Faculty of Basic Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Avenue, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- SkyLab AG, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Olesya Yu. Kulyak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Organization of Pharmaceutical Business, Faculty of Basic Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Avenue, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 117216 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena I. Kalenikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Organization of Pharmaceutical Business, Faculty of Basic Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Avenue, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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86
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Clarke K, Porter R, Facey P, Thoms‐Rodriguez C. Chemical composition and biological activities of Jamaican
Cannabis sativa
essential oils as the plant matures. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kellyann Clarke
- Department of Chemistry The University of the West Indies Kingston Jamaica, West Indies
| | - Roy Porter
- Department of Chemistry The University of the West Indies Kingston Jamaica, West Indies
| | - Petrea Facey
- The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
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87
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A Status Review on Health-Promoting Properties and Global Regulation of Essential Oils. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041809. [PMID: 36838797 PMCID: PMC9968027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, essential oils (EOs) have been known for their therapeutic potential against many health issues. Recent studies suggest that EOs may contribute to the regulation and modulation of various biomarkers and cellular pathways responsible for metabolic health as well as the development of many diseases, including cancer, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and bacterial infections. During metabolic dysfunction and even infections, the immune system becomes compromised and releases pro-inflammatory cytokines that lead to serious health consequences. The bioactive compounds present in EOs (especially terpenoids and phenylpropanoids) with different chemical compositions from fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants confer protection against these metabolic and infectious diseases through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties. In this review, we have highlighted some targeted physiological and cellular actions through which EOs may exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties. In addition, it has been observed that EOs from specific plant sources may play a significant role in the prevention of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, microbial infections, and increasing breast milk production, along with improvements in heart, liver, and brain health. The current status of the bioactive activities of EOs and their therapeutic effects are covered in this review. However, with respect to the health benefits of EOs, it is very important to regulate the dose and usage of EOs to reduce their adverse health effects. Therefore, we specified that some countries have their own regulatory bodies while others follow WHO and FAO standards and legislation for the use of EOs.
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88
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Elsayed HE, El-Deeb EM, Taha H, Taha HS, Elgindi MR, Moharram FA. Essential oils of Psidium cattleianum Sabine leaves and flowers: Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. Front Chem 2023; 11:1120432. [PMID: 36814544 PMCID: PMC9940317 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1120432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Psidium cattleianum Sabine is a Brazilian native shrub cultivated for its edible fruit araçá (strawberry guava). P. cattleianum is recognized for health and food applications, although the essential oils (EOs) from the Egyptian inhabitant are not fully explored. The current study investigated the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of EOs from P. cattleianum leaves and flowers. Materials and methods: The EOs were obtained by three different methods viz; the conventional hydro-distillation, microwave assisted hydro-distillation, and supercritical fluid extraction, while their analysis was accomplished using GC/MS. The derived EOs were screened for their anti-inflammatory activity in the 5-lipoxygenase, COX-1, and COX-2 enzyme based assays, while the anticancer potential was deduced from MTT cytotoxic assay, cell cycle, and western blotting analysis. Results and discussion: Among other methods, supercritical fluid extraction offered the highest EO yield, 0.62% (leaves) and 1.4% (flowers). GC/MS identified β-caryophyllene and α-humulene in both organs with high but variable percentages. The leaves demonstrated strong activity in inhibiting the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme (IC50 2.38), while the flowers, in inhibiting COX-2 (IC50 2.575). Moreover, the leaves showed potent, selective cytotoxicity to MCF-7 cells (IC50 5.32) via apoptosis by modulating the p53/Bax/Bcl2 axis. The deduced activities are possible due to the synergism between the volatile components that endorses P. cattleianum leaves' EOs in the management of breast cancer and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba E. Elsayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman M. El-Deeb
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba Taha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein S. Taha
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering Division, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Elgindi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma A. Moharram
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt,*Correspondence: Fatma A. Moharram,
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89
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Greff B, Sáhó A, Lakatos E, Varga L. Biocontrol Activity of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Components against Soil-Borne Pathogens. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:706. [PMID: 36840053 PMCID: PMC9958657 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil-borne phytopathogens can have detrimental effects on both cereal and horticultural crops resulting in serious losses worldwide. Due to their high efficiency and easy applicability, synthetic pesticides are still the primary choice in modern plant disease control systems, but stringent regulations and increasing environmental concerns make the search for sustainable alternatives more pressing than ever. In addition to the incorporation of botanicals into agricultural practices, the diversification of cropping systems with aromatic and medicinal plants is also an effective tool to control plant diseases through providing nutrients and shaping soil microbial communities. However, these techniques are not universally accepted and may negatively affect soil fertility if their application is not thoroughly controlled. Because the biocontrol potential of aromatic and medicinal plants has been extensively examined over the past decades, the present study aims to overview the recent literature concerning the biopesticide effect of secondary metabolites derived from aromatic and medicinal plants on important soil-borne plant pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. Most of the investigated herbs belong to the family of Lamiaceae (e.g., Origanum spp., Salvia spp., Thymus spp., Mentha spp., etc.) and have been associated with potent antimicrobial activity, primarily due to their chemical constituents. The most frequently tested organisms include fungi, such as Rhizoctonia spp., Fusarium spp., and Phytophthora spp., which may be highly persistent in soil. Despite the intense research efforts dedicated to the development of plant-based pesticides, only a few species of aromatic herbs are utilized for the production of commercial formulations due to inconsistent efficiency, lack of field verification, costs, and prolonged authorization requirements. However, recycling the wastes from aromatic and medicinal plant-utilizing industries may offer an economically feasible way to improve soil health and reduce environmental burdens at the same time. Overall, this review provides comprehensive knowledge on the efficiency of aromatic herb-based plant protection techniques, and it also highlights the importance of exploiting the residues generated by aromatic plant-utilizing sectors as part of agro-industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babett Greff
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyarovar, Szechenyi Istvan University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
| | - András Sáhó
- Wittmann Antal Multidisciplinary Doctoral School in Plant, Animal, and Food Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 2 Var Square, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
- Kisalfoldi Agricultural Ltd., 1 Fo Street, 9072 Nagyszentjanos, Hungary
| | - Erika Lakatos
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyarovar, Szechenyi Istvan University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
| | - László Varga
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyarovar, Szechenyi Istvan University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
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90
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Aly A, Maraei R, Rezk A, Diab A. Phytochemical constitutes and biological activities of essential oil extracted from irradiated caraway seeds ( Carum carvi L.). Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:318-328. [PMID: 35549975 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2078004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Essential oils (EOs) obtained from spices, herbs, and medicinal plants are well known in traditional medicine and are an area of interest due to their various biological activities. Therefore, the present study investigates the chemical composition, phytochemical properties, as well as the biological activity of EOs, recovered from un-irradiated and irradiated (2.5, 5, and 10 kGy) caraway seeds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Carum carvi L. seeds were irradiated with gamma irradiation at dose levels 2.5, 5, and 10 kGy, then EOs were recovered from all the samples. The chemical composition, phenols, and flavonoids content were evaluated. As well, antimicrobial and antitumor activities against the two cell lines [colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and liver cancer (HepG-2)] were investigated. RESULTS The results indicated the percentage of oil increased by radiation, especially a dose of 10 kGy, which gave the highest percentage (3.50%) compared to the control. Also, the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of 26 compounds in the essential oil extracts. The main constituent of caraway seeds EOs was Carvone followed by Limonene. According to the results, there was an increase in the content of phenols and flavonoids by using gamma rays compared with control, the maximum increase was observed at dose level 10 kGy (13.70 and 7.38 mg/g oil, respectively) followed by 5 kGy (11.20 and 5.86 mg/g oil, respectively). The antioxidant properties of the caraway essential oils were increased by increasing the irradiation dose level (2.5-10 kGy) analyzed by DPPH radical and metal chelating activity. Caraway essential oils have an antimicrobial action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. The antimicrobial activity was increased as the irradiation dose was raised and the10 kGy dose was more effective in suppressing the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, the caraway essential oils have anticancer activity against the two cell lines studied; colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and liver cancer cell line (HepG-2) as reduced the cell viability and density. CONCLUSION The 10 kGy dose was more effective for oil yield, phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity as well as antibacterial and antifungal activities. Furthermore, the caraway essential oils indicated anticancer activity against the two cell lines studied; colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and liver cancer cell line (HepG-2) as reduced the cell viability and density. So caraway could be considered an important herb with multiple therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Aly
- Natural Products Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rabab Maraei
- Natural Products Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Rezk
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Art (MSA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman Diab
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Art (MSA), Cairo, Egypt
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91
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A Review of Regulatory Standards and Advances in Essential Oils as Antimicrobials in Foods. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100025. [PMID: 36916569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2022.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As essential oils (EOs) possess GRAS status, there is a strong interest in their application to food preservation. Trends in the food industry suggest consumers are drawn to environmentally friendly alternatives and less synthetic chemical preservatives. Although the use of EOs has increased over the years, adverse effects have limited their use. This review aims to address the regulatory standards for EO usage in food, techniques for delivery of EOs, essential oils commonly used to control pathogens and molds, and advances with new active compounds that overcome sensory effects for meat products, fresh fruits and vegetables, fruit and vegetable juices, seafood, dairy products, and other products. This review will show adverse sensory effects can be overcome in various products by the use of edible coatings containing encapsulated EOs to facilitate the controlled release of EOs. Depending on the method of cooking, the food product has been shown to mask flavors associated with EOs. In addition, using active packaging materials can decrease the diffusion rate of the EOs, thus controlling undesirable flavor characteristics while still preserving or prolonging the shelf life of food. The use of encapsulation in packaging film can control the release of volatile or active ingredients. Further, use of EOs in the vapor phase allows for contact indirectly, and use of nanoemulsion, coating, and film wrap allows for the controlled release of the EOs. Research has also shown that combining EOs can prevent adverse sensory effects. Essential oils continue to serve as a very beneficial way of controlling undesirable microorganisms in food systems.
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92
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Luker HA, Salas KR, Esmaeili D, Holguin FO, Bendzus-Mendoza H, Hansen IA. Repellent efficacy of 20 essential oils on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and Ixodes scapularis ticks in contact-repellency assays. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1705. [PMID: 36717735 PMCID: PMC9886999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cases of mosquito- and tick-borne diseases are rising worldwide. Repellent products can protect individual users from being infected by such diseases. In a previous study, we identified five essential oils that display long-distance mosquito repellency using a Y-tube olfactometer assay. In the current study, the contact repellent efficacy of 20 active ingredients from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Minimum Risk Pesticides list were tested using Aedes aegypti and Ixodes scapularis. We utilized an arm-in-cage assay to measure complete protection time from mosquito bites for these active ingredients. To measure tick repellency, we used an EPA-recommended procedure to measure the complete protection time from tick crossings. We found that of the 20 ingredients tested, 10% v/v lotion emulsions with clove oil or cinnamon oil provided the longest protection from both mosquito bites and tick crossings. We conclude that in a 10% v/v emulsion, specific active ingredients from the EPA Minimum Risk Pesticides list can provide complete protection from mosquito bites and tick crossings for longer than one hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey A Luker
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, 1200 S. Horseshoe Dr., Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.
| | - Keyla R Salas
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, 1200 S. Horseshoe Dr., Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Delaram Esmaeili
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, 1200 S. Horseshoe Dr., Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - F Omar Holguin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Skeen Hall, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Harley Bendzus-Mendoza
- Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, 1290 Frenger Mall, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Immo A Hansen
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, 1200 S. Horseshoe Dr., Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
- Institute for Applied Biosciences, New Mexico State University, 1200 S. Horseshoe Dr., Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
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93
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Duda-Chodak A, Tarko T, Petka-Poniatowska K. Antimicrobial Compounds in Food Packaging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032457. [PMID: 36768788 PMCID: PMC9917197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents current knowledge on antimicrobial agents that are already used in the food packaging industry. At the beginning, innovative ways of food packaging were discussed, including how smart packaging differs from active packaging, and what functions they perform. Next, the focus was on one of the groups of bioactive components that are used in these packaging, namely antimicrobial agents. Among the antimicrobial agents, we selected those that have already been used in packaging and that promise to be used elsewhere, e.g., in the production of antimicrobial biomaterials. Main groups of antimicrobial agents (i.e., metals and metal oxides, organic acids, antimicrobial peptides and bacteriocins, antimicrobial agents of plant origin, enzymes, lactoferrin, chitosan, allyl isothiocyanate, the reuterin system and bacteriophages) that are incorporated or combined with various types of packaging materials to extend the shelf life of food are described. The further development of perspectives and setting of new research directions were also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Duda-Chodak
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-662-4792
| | - Tomasz Tarko
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Petka-Poniatowska
- Department of Plant Products Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
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94
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Kampasakali E, Nakas A, Mertzanidis D, Kokkini S, Assimopoulou AN, Christofilos D. μ-Raman Determination of Essential Oils' Constituents from Distillates and Leaf Glands of Origanum Plants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031221. [PMID: 36770888 PMCID: PMC9920943 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel, inexpensive and simple experimental setup for collecting μ-Raman spectra of volatile liquids in very small quantities was developed. It takes advantage of capillary forces to detain minute volatile liquid volumes. Spectra of volatile and even scattering or absorbing media can be measured more effectively. The method is used to facilitate the collection of intensity-consistent Raman spectra from a series of reference compounds present in Origanum essential oils, in order to quantify their constituents by multiple linear regression. Wild grown Origanum plants, collected from five different regions in Greece and taxonomically identified as O. onites, O. vulgare subsp. hirtum and O. vulgare subsp. vulgare, were appropriately distilled to acquire their essential oils. Comparison of the Raman results with those from headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS GC-MS) confirmed the successful relative quantification of the most abundant essential oil constituents, highlighting the similarities and differences of the three Origanum taxa examined. Finally, it is demonstrated that directly measuring the leaf peltate glandular hairs yields exploitable results to identify the main components of the essential oil they contain, underlining the potential of in situ (field or industry) measurements utilizing microscope-equipped portable Raman spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli Kampasakali
- School of Chemical Engineering & Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Nakas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Mertzanidis
- Laboratory of Systematic Botany and Phytogeography, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Kokkini
- Laboratory of Systematic Botany and Phytogeography, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana N. Assimopoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Christofilos
- School of Chemical Engineering & Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
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95
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Marques MP, Neves BG, Varela C, Zuzarte M, Gonçalves AC, Dias MI, Amaral JS, Barros L, Magalhães M, Cabral C. Essential Oils from Côa Valley Lamiaceae Species: Cytotoxicity and Antiproliferative Effect on Glioblastoma Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020341. [PMID: 36839664 PMCID: PMC9964318 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavandula pedunculata (Mill.) Cav., Mentha cervina L. and Thymus mastichina (L.) L. subsp. mastichina are representative species of the Côa Valley's flora, a Portuguese UNESCO World Heritage Site. L. pedunculata and T. mastichina are traditionally used to preserve olives and to aromatize bonfires on Saint John's Eve, while M. cervina is mainly used as a spice for river fish dishes. Despite their traditional uses, these aromatic plants are still undervalued, and literature regarding their bioactivity, especially anticancer, is scarce. In this work, the morphology of secretory structures was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the composition of essential oils (EOs) was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study proceeded with cytotoxic evaluation of EOs in tumor and non-tumor cells with the cell death mechanism explored in glioblastoma (GB) cells. L. pedunculata EO presented the most pronounced cytotoxic/antiproliferative activity against tumor cells, with moderate cytotoxicity against non-tumor cells. Whereas, M. cervina EO exhibited a slightly lower cytotoxic effect against tumor cells and did not affect the viability of non-tumor cells. Meanwhile, T. mastichina EO did not induce a strong cytotoxic effect against GB cells. L. pedunculata and M. cervina EOs lead to cell death by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The present study suggests that L. pedunculata and M. cervina EOs have a strong cytotoxic and antiproliferative potential to be further studied as efficient antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Pedro Marques
- Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Guapo Neves
- Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Varela
- Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology, University Clinic of Hematology and Applied Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Sustainability and Technology in Mountains Regions (SusTEC), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Joana S. Amaral
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Sustainability and Technology in Mountains Regions (SusTEC), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Sustainability and Technology in Mountains Regions (SusTEC), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Mariana Magalhães
- Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia Cabral
- Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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96
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Matera R, Lucchi E, Valgimigli L. Plant Essential Oils as Healthy Functional Ingredients of Nutraceuticals and Diet Supplements: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020901. [PMID: 36677959 PMCID: PMC9862182 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are mixtures of volatile molecules endowed with health-promoting biological activities that go beyond their role as aromas and natural preservatives and can be exploited to develop functional foods and diet supplements. Their composition is briefly addressed along with regulatory aspects. The potential health benefit of human diet supplementation with EOs is outlined through a review of the recent literature on available clinical trials and preclinical research concerning EOs activity towards: (1) irritable bowel syndrome; (2) inflammatory bowel disease; (3) regulation of microbiota; (4) gastroprotection; (5) hepatoprotection; (6) protection of the urinary tract and diuresis; (7) management of metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia; (8) anti-inflammatory and pain control; (9) immunomodulation and protection from influenza; and (10) neuroprotection and modulation of mood and cognitive performance. The emerging potential in such activities of selected EOs is given focus, particularly green and black cumin, bergamot, orange, myrtle, peppermint, sage, eucalyptus, lavender, thyme, lemon balm, ginger, and garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Matera
- BeC s.r.l., Research & Development, Via C. Monteverdi 49, 47122 Forlì, Italy
| | - Elena Lucchi
- BeC s.r.l., Research & Development, Via C. Monteverdi 49, 47122 Forlì, Italy
| | - Luca Valgimigli
- Department of Chemistry “Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-051-2095683
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97
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Essential Oils from Six Aromatic Plants of Langtang National Park: Insights on Their Chemical Constituents via GC-MS Analysis. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aims to provide an insight on the chemical constituents of essential oils obtained from six aromatic plants of the Langtang National Park (LNP), Nepal. LNP harbors an enriched biodiversity of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs). The composition of essential oils obtained from Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don, Artemisia dubia Wall. ex Besser, Boenninghausenia albiflora (Hook.) Rchb. ex Meisn., Elsholtzia fruticosa (D. Don) Rehder, Juniperus recurva Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don and Rhododendron setosum D. Don, were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oils were extracted via the hydrodistillation method using the Clevenger apparatus. GC-MS analysis showed that E-caryophyllene, α-pinene, γ-terpinene, β-pinene and δ-cadinene in Rhododendron anthopogon; santolina-triene, β-cubebene and sabinene in Artemisia dubia; β-myrcene, β-cubebene, E-β-ocimene and bicyclogermacrene in Boenninghausenia albiflora; perillene, eucalyptol and β-pinene in Elsholtzia fruticosa; δ-3-carene, cadina-1(6),4-diene and δ-cadinene in Juniperus recurva; trans-sabinyl acetate, sabinene, α-elemol and germacrene D in Rhododendron setosum are the principal components. The major compounds in the essential oil were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, representing almost 80% to 90% of the total constituents of the essential oil. In comparison to the previous studies, the results showed a significant difference in the qualitative composition of the essential oil. This is also the first report on the study of chemical constituents from the essential oil of R. setosum. Despite hosting a plethora of MAPs, only a limited number of studies have been carried out to identify their chemical and biological properties. Hence, further investigations on the MAPs of the Langtang region are highly essential to identify the major chemical constituents and explore their biological activities.
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98
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Antibacterial Effect of 16 Essential Oils and Modulation of mex Efflux Pumps Gene Expression on Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates: Is Cinnamon a Good Fighter? Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010163. [PMID: 36671364 PMCID: PMC9854426 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to describe the antimicrobial activity of 16 common essential oils (EOs) on multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates, including the determination of the effects on mex efflux pumps gene expression. Seventy-two clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa collected between 2020-2022 were screened for susceptibility to EOs using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion to identify potential candidates for future alternative therapies. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was further determined for the EO that proved antibacterial activity following the disk diffusion screening. Positive and negative controls were also used for method validation. Since cinnamon EO exhibited the best antimicrobial activity, it was further used to evaluate its influence on mex A, B, C, E, and X efflux pumps gene expression using real-time RT-PCR. Cinnamon EO inhibited all P. aeruginosa strains, followed by thyme EO (37.5%, n = 27) and lavender EO (12.5%, n = 9). The other EOs were less efficient. The MIC detection showed that cinnamon at a concentration of 0.05% v/v inhibited all MDR P. aeruginosa isolates. Thyme, turmeric, peppermint, basil, clove, and lavender EOs presented various results, most of them having activity at concentrations higher than 12.5% v/v. By studying the activity of cinnamon EO on mex efflux pumps, it was found that mexA and mexB (66.5%) were generally under-expressed. The remarkable results produced using the very low concentrations of cinnamon EO, with 100% antimicrobial activity against multi-, extended-, and pan- drug-resistant (MDR, XDR, PDR) P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, completed with the severe alteration of the RNA messaging system, supports its potential to be used as adjuvant treatment, with impact on therapeutic results.
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Malaka MJ, Araya NA, Soundy P, du Plooy CP, Araya HT, Jansen Van Rensburg WS, Watkinson E, Levember E, Wadiwala E, Amoo SO. Biomass, Essential Oil Yield, and Composition of Marjoram as Influenced by Interactions of Different Agronomic Practices under Controlled Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:173. [PMID: 36616302 PMCID: PMC9824495 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Origanum marjorana L. has been valued for centuries for its flavoring attributes and therapeutic properties. The growing demand for its various applications necessitates optimizing agronomic practices for its production. A glasshouse pot trial was conducted to identify optimum agronomic practices for increased herbage and oil yield, as well as oil quality. The effects of varying air temperature regimes (low, medium, and high levels), irrigation (low, medium, and high levels), nitrogen fertilizer application (N = 100, 150, and 200 kg/ha), and soil type (sandy loam, sandy clay loam, and loamy sand) on the productivity of marjoram plants were investigated. The results showed an increase in plant growth and herbage yield as well as chlorophyll content under conditions of high air temperature, low irrigation, and moderate to high nitrogen level applied to sandy loam soil, with an increase in oil yield with loamy sand soil. The major compounds observed in marjoram essential oil were terpinene-4-ol (22.63-36.72%) and (Z)-β-terpineol (6.85-16.60%), in which terpinene-4-ol was not found to be within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) limits of acceptability while (Z)-β- terpineol had no reference limits available. A promising performance of marjoram cultivation under high regimes of air temperature (16.7 to 36.6 °C), nitrogen fertilization (200 kg ha-1 N), and low irrigation (up to 60% soil water depletion from field capacity) on sandy loam soils was demonstrated for improved crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantwampe Johleen Malaka
- Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Nadia Alcina Araya
- Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Puffy Soundy
- Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Christian Phillipus du Plooy
- Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Hintsa Tesfamicael Araya
- Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | | | - Eric Watkinson
- Department of Science and Innovation, Private Bag X894, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Ellis Levember
- South African Essential Oils Business Incubator, 19 Mountain Street, Derdepoort 0186, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ebrahim Wadiwala
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Meiring Naude Road, Brummeria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Stephen Oluwaseun Amoo
- Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2790, South Africa
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A Potential Anthelmintic Phytopharmacological Source of Origanum vulgare (L.) Essential Oil against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010045. [PMID: 36611652 PMCID: PMC9817997 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of anthelmintic resistance in sheep gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) requires novel strategies for the sustainable control of these parasites. This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of the Origanum vulgare (L.) essential oil (EO) against sheep GINs and to evaluate the possibility of its use in control practice. The in vitro egg hatch test was conducted at eight different concentrations (50, 12.5, 3.125, 0.781, 0.195, 0.049, 0.025, and 0.0125 mg/mL) of the tested EO. For the in vivo fecal egg count reduction test, the EO of O. vulgare was administrated orally at a mean single dose of 150 mg/kg to sheep from two farms in Southern Italy, whereby potential toxic effects to the hosts were also evaluated. In the egg hatch test, the inhibition of egg hatchability varied from 71.3% to 93.7%, depending on the concentration used. The high anthelmintic potential was confirmed in the fecal egg count reduction test with an average reduction of nematode eggs in feces of 43.2% and 60.1% on days 7 and 14 after treatment, respectively. In addition, no toxic effects were noticed during the clinical examination of sheep or by observing blood count and liver or kidney function test results. The obtained results suggest the strong activity of the O. vulgare EO against sheep GINs, probably due to a high percentage of carvacrol (76.21%), whereby it can be considered safe for sheep at the dose tested in vivo. Therefore, it is suitable for use in veterinary practice as a part of an integrated strategy for the control of sheep GINs.
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