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Cicero AFG, Fogacci F, Di Micoli V, Angeloni C, Giovannini M, Borghi C. Purine Metabolism Dysfunctions: Experimental Methods of Detection and Diagnostic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087027. [PMID: 37108190 PMCID: PMC10138451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purines, such as adenine and guanine, perform several important functions in the cell. They are found in nucleic acids; are structural components of some coenzymes, including NADH and coenzyme A; and have a crucial role in the modulation of energy metabolism and signal transduction. Moreover, purines have been shown to play an important role in the physiology of platelets, muscles, and neurotransmission. All cells require a balanced number of purines for growth, proliferation, and survival. Under physiological conditions, enzymes involved in purines metabolism maintain a balanced ratio between their synthesis and degradation in the cell. In humans, the final product of purine catabolism is uric acid, while most other mammals possess the enzyme uricase that converts uric acid to allantoin, which can be easily eliminated with urine. During the last decades, hyperuricemia has been associated with a number of human extra-articular diseases (in particular, the cardiovascular ones) and their clinical severity. In this review, we go through the methods of investigation of purine metabolism dysfunctions, looking at the functionality of xanthine oxidoreductase and the formation of catabolites in urine and saliva. Finally, we discuss how these molecules can be used as markers of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Micoli
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Zelencova-Gopejenko D, Videja M, Grandane A, Pudnika-Okinčica L, Sipola A, Vilks K, Dambrova M, Jaudzems K, Liepinsh E. Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein Binds Long-Chain Acylcarnitines and Protects against Lipotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065528. [PMID: 36982599 PMCID: PMC10058761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart-type fatty-acid binding protein (FABP3) is an essential cytosolic lipid transport protein found in cardiomyocytes. FABP3 binds fatty acids (FAs) reversibly and with high affinity. Acylcarnitines (ACs) are an esterified form of FAs that play an important role in cellular energy metabolism. However, an increased concentration of ACs can exert detrimental effects on cardiac mitochondria and lead to severe cardiac damage. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of FABP3 to bind long-chain ACs (LCACs) and protect cells from their harmful effects. We characterized the novel binding mechanism between FABP3 and LCACs by a cytotoxicity assay, nuclear magnetic resonance, and isothermal titration calorimetry. Our data demonstrate that FABP3 is capable of binding both FAs and LCACs as well as decreasing the cytotoxicity of LCACs. Our findings reveal that LCACs and FAs compete for the binding site of FABP3. Thus, the protective mechanism of FABP3 is found to be concentration dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Zelencova-Gopejenko
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence:
| | - Melita Videja
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Rīga Stradinš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Aiga Grandane
- Organic Synthesis Group, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Linda Pudnika-Okinčica
- Organic Synthesis Group, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Anda Sipola
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and β-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Karlis Vilks
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Rīga Stradinš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Edgars Liepinsh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
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Ruan Q, Guan P, Qi W, Li J, Xi M, Xiao L, Zhong S, Ma D, Ni J. Porphyromonas gingivalis regulates atherosclerosis through an immune pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1103592. [PMID: 36999040 PMCID: PMC10043234 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1103592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, involving a pathological process of endothelial dysfunction, lipid deposition, plaque rupture, and arterial occlusion, and is one of the leading causes of death in the world population. The progression of AS is closely associated with several inflammatory diseases, among which periodontitis has been shown to increase the risk of AS. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), presenting in large numbers in subgingival plaque biofilms, is the “dominant flora” in periodontitis, and its multiple virulence factors are important in stimulating host immunity. Therefore, it is significant to elucidate the potential mechanism and association between P. gingivalis and AS to prevent and treat AS. By summarizing the existing studies, we found that P. gingivalis promotes the progression of AS through multiple immune pathways. P. gingivalis can escape host immune clearance and, in various forms, circulate with blood and lymph and colonize arterial vessel walls, directly inducing local inflammation in blood vessels. It also induces the production of systemic inflammatory mediators and autoimmune antibodies, disrupts the serum lipid profile, and thus promotes the progression of AS. In this paper, we summarize the recent evidence (including clinical studies and animal studies) on the correlation between P. gingivalis and AS, and describe the specific immune mechanisms by which P. gingivalis promotes AS progression from three aspects (immune escape, blood circulation, and lymphatic circulation), providing new insights into the prevention and treatment of AS by suppressing periodontal pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Ruan
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijuan Qi
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiatong Li
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengying Xi
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Xiao
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sulan Zhong
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dandan Ma, ; Jia Ni,
| | - Jia Ni
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dandan Ma, ; Jia Ni,
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54
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Ren L, Cui H, Wang Y, Ju F, Cai Y, Gang X, Wang G. The role of lipotoxicity in kidney disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114465. [PMID: 36870280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipotoxicity is the dysregulation of the lipid environment and/or intracellular composition that leads to accumulation of harmful lipids and ultimately to organelle dysfunction, abnormal activation of intracellular signaling pathways, chronic inflammation and cell death. It plays an important role in the development of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, including diabetic nephropathy, obesity-related glomerulopathy, age-related kidney disease, polycystic kidney disease, and the like. However, the mechanisms of lipid overload and kidney injury remain poorly understood. Herein, we discuss two pivotal aspects of lipotoxic kidney injury. First, we analyzed the mechanism of lipid accumulation in the kidney. Accumulating data indicate that the mechanisms of lipid overload in different kidney diseases are inconsistent. Second, we summarize the multiple mechanisms by which lipotoxic species affect the kidney cell behavior, including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulated autophagy, and inflammation, highlighting the central role of oxidative stress. Blocking the molecular pathways of lipid accumulation in the kidney and the damage of the kidney by lipid overload may be potential therapeutic targets for kidney disease, and antioxidant drugs may play a pivotal role in the treatment of kidney disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Haiying Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Feng Ju
- Department of Orthopedics, Yuci District People's Hospital, Yuci 030600, Shanxi, China
| | - Yunjia Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaokun Gang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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Tanaka M, Moniwa N, Nogi C, Kano T, Matsumoto M, Sakai A, Maeda T, Takizawa H, Ogawa Y, Asanuma K, Suzuki Y, Furuhashi M. Glomerular expression and urinary excretion of fatty acid-binding protein 4 in IgA nephropathy. J Nephrol 2023; 36:385-395. [PMID: 36622635 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-022-01551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is secreted from adipocytes and macrophages in adipose tissue and acts as an adipokine. It has recently been reported that FABP4, but not liver-type FABP (L-FABP/FABP1), is also expressed in injured glomerular endothelial cells and infiltrating macrophages in the glomerulus and that urinary FABP4 (U-FABP4) is associated with proteinuria and kidney function impairment in nephrotic patients. However, the link between glomerular FABP4 and U-FABP4 has not been fully addressed in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS We investigated the involvement of FABP4 in human and mouse IgAN. RESULTS In patients with IgAN (n = 23), the ratio of FABP4-positive area to total area within glomeruli (G-FABP4-Area) and U-FABP4 were positively correlated with proteinuria and were negatively correlated with eGFR. In 4-28-week-old male grouped ddY mice, a spontaneous IgAN-prone mouse model, FABP4 was detected in glomerular endothelial cells and macrophages, and G-FABP4-Area was positively correlated with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (r = 0.957, P < 0.001). Endoplasmic reticulum stress markers were detected in glomeruli of human and mouse IgAN. In human renal glomerular endothelial cells, FABP4 was induced by treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor and was secreted from the cells. Treatment of human renal glomerular endothelial cells or mouse podocytes with palmitate-bound recombinant FABP4 significantly increased gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and the effects of FABP4 in podocytes were attenuated in the presence of an anti-FABP4 antibody. CONCLUSION FABP4 in the glomerulus contributes to proteinuria in IgAN, and U-FABP4 level is a useful surrogate biomarker for glomerular damage in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Norihito Moniwa
- Department of Nephrology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chieko Nogi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kano
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Takuto Maeda
- Department of Nephrology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideki Takizawa
- Department of Nephrology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yayoi Ogawa
- Hokkaido Renal Pathology Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
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Wei S, Song J, Xie Y, Huang J, Yang J. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease can significantly increase the risk of chronic kidney disease in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 197:110563. [PMID: 36738838 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study is to explore the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among populations with type 2 diabetes through longitudinal cohort study. METHODS 3,627 subjects who had received at least three health examinations between 2008 and 2015 were included. CKD was stated as subjects with an eGFR < 60 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or the occurrence of 2 or more proteinuria during their follow-up. RESULTS After median of 10·0 years follow up, 837 (23·1%) developed CKD (244·7 per 10,000 person-years; 95 % CI, 228.4 - 261·8). MAFLD ([HR] 1·46; 95 % CI 1·26-1·70, P < 0.001) acts as an important risk factor of developing CKD. After adjusting for confounding factors, this association was consistent (HR 1·30; 95 % CI 1·11-1·53, P < 0.001). In stratified analysis, subjects aged < 60 years were likely to have greater risk of MAFLD-related CKD (HR 1·58 and 1·03; 95 % CI 1·28-1·95 and 0·79-1·33, P < 0.001 in both cases, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The risk of developing CKD in type 2 diabetes adults with MAFLD was higher, especially if they are below 60 years old. This study underscores the importance of early prevention strategies for MAFLD to reduce the occurrence of CKD in type 2 diabetes adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suosu Wei
- Department of Scientific Cooperation of Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Song
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junzhang Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- Institute of Health Management of Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Tanaka M, Mori K, Takahashi S, Higashiura Y, Ohnishi H, Hanawa N, Furuhashi M. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease predicts new onset of chronic kidney disease better than fatty liver or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:700-711. [PMID: 35612975 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Possible associations of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with fatty liver (FL) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have recently been focused on. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as FL with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic abnormalities, has been proposed as a new feature of chronic liver disease. However, the relationship between MAFLD and new onset of CKD has not been fully addressed. METHODS We investigated the associations of FL, NAFLD and MAFLD with the development of CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or positive for urinary protein, over a 10-year period in 28 890 Japanese subjects who received annual health examinations. After exclusion of subjects with no data for abdominal ultrasonography and subjects with CKD at baseline, a total of 13 159 subjects (men 8581, women 4578; mean age 48 years) were recruited. RESULTS The prevalence of FL, NAFLD and MAFLD was 34.6% (men 45.1%, women 15.1%), 32.8% (men 42.7%, women 14.5%) and 32.3% (men 42.4%, women 13.4%), respectively. During the 10-year follow-up period, 2163 subjects (men 1475, women 688) had new onset of CKD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model analyses showed that MAFLD [hazard ratio 1.12 (95% confidence interval 1.02-1.26); P = .027] but not FL or NAFLD was an independent risk factor for new onset of CKD after adjustment of age, sex, eGFR, current smoking habit, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The addition of MAFLD [continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) 0.154, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) 0.0024] to traditional risk factors without metabolic abnormalities significantly improved the discriminatory capacity better than did the addition of FL (NRI 0.138, IDI 0.0018) or NAFLD (NRI 0.132, IDI 0.0017). CONCLUSIONS MAFLD is modestly and independently associated with new onset of CKD and predicts the risk for development of CKD better than FL or NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Tanaka Medical Clinic, Yoichi, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mori
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nagisa Hanawa
- Department of Health Checkup and Promotion, Keijinkai Maruyama Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Hyder A. Naturally-occurring carboxylic acids from traditional antidiabetic plants as potential pancreatic islet FABP3 inhibitors. A molecular docking-aided study. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 372:110368. [PMID: 36709838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The antidiabetic action of traditional plants is mostly attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These plants are still having some secrets, making them an attractive source that allows for investigating new drugs or uncovering precise pharmacologic antidiabetic functions of their constituents. In diabetes, which is a lipid disease, long-term exposure of pancreatic islet beta cells to fatty acids (FAs) increases basal insulin release, reduces glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, causes islet beta cell inflammation, failure and apoptosis. Pancreatic islet beta cells express fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) that receives long-chain FAs and traffics them throughout different cellular compartments to be metabolized and render their effects. Inhibition of this FABP3 may retard FA metabolism and protect islet beta cells. Since FAs interact with FABPs by their carboxylic group, some traditionally-known antidiabetic plants were reviewed in the present study, searching for their components that have common features of FABP ligands, namely carboxylic group and hydrophobic tail. Many of these carboxylic acids were computationally introduced into the ligand-binding pocket of FABP3 and some of them exhibited FABP3 ligand possibilities. Among others, the naturally occurring ferulic, cleomaldeic, caffeic, sinapic, hydroxycinnamic, 4-p-coumaroylquinic, quinoline-2-carboxylic, chlorogenic, 6-hydroxykynurenic, and rosmarinic acids in many plants are promising candidates for being FABP3-specific inhibitors. The study shed light on repurposing these phyto-carboxylic acids to function as FABP inhibitors. However, more in-depth biological and pharmacological studies to broaden the understanding of this function are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Hyder
- Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt.
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López-Acosta O, Ruiz-Ramírez A, Barrios-Maya MÁ, Alarcon-Aguilar J, Alarcon-Enos J, Céspedes Acuña CL, El-Hafidi M. Lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity and some strategies to protect vascular smooth muscle cell against proliferative phenotype in metabolic syndrome. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113546. [PMID: 36513245 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis through a mechanism that involves vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Several molecules found to be increased in MetS, including free fatty acids, fatty acid binding protein 4, leptin, resistin, oxidized lipoprotein particles, and advanced glycation end products, influence VSMC proliferation. Most of these molecules act through their receptors on VSMCs by activating several signaling pathways associated with ROS generation in various cellular compartments. ROS from NADPH-oxidase and mitochondria have been found to promote VSMC proliferation and cell cycle progression. In addition, most of the natural or synthetic substances described in this review, including pharmaceuticals with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties, attenuate VSMC proliferation by their simultaneous modulation of cell signaling and their scavenging property due to the presence of a phenolic ring in their structure. This review discusses recent data in the literature on the role that several MetS-related molecules and ROS play in the change from contractile to proliferative phenotype of VSMCs. Hence the importance of proposing an appropriate strategy to prevent uncontrolled VSMC proliferation using antioxidants, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ocarol López-Acosta
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Angélica Ruiz-Ramírez
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Miguel-Ángel Barrios-Maya
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Javier Alarcon-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - Julio Alarcon-Enos
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Av. Andres Bello 720, Chillan, Chile
| | - Carlos L Céspedes Acuña
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Av. Andres Bello 720, Chillan, Chile.
| | - Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico.
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van der Hoef CCS, Boorsma EM, Emmens JE, van Essen BJ, Metra M, Ng LL, Anker SD, Dickstein K, Mordi IR, Dihoum A, Lang CC, van Veldhuisen DJ, Lam CSP, Voors AA. Biomarker signature and pathophysiological pathways in patients with chronic heart failure and metabolic syndrome. Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:163-173. [PMID: 36597718 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The comorbidities that collectively define metabolic syndrome are common in patients with heart failure. However, the role of metabolic syndrome in the pathophysiology of heart failure is not well understood. We therefore investigated the clinical and biomarker correlates of metabolic syndrome in patients with heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS In 1103 patients with heart failure, we compared the biomarker expression using a panel of 363 biomarkers among patients with (n = 468 [42%]) and without (n = 635 [58%]) metabolic syndrome. Subsequently, a pathway overrepresentation analysis was performed to identify key biological pathways. Findings were validated in an independent cohort of 1433 patients with heart failure of whom 615 (43%) had metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of three or more of five criteria, including central obesity, elevated serum triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin resistance and hypertension. The most significantly elevated biomarkers in patients with metabolic syndrome were leptin (log2 fold change 0.92, p = 5.85 × 10-21 ), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (log2 fold change 0.61, p = 1.21 × 10-11 ), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (log2 fold change 0.47, p = 1.95 × 10-13 ), tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11a (log2 fold change 0.35, p = 4.16 × 10-9 ), and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret (log2 fold change 0.31, p = 4.87 × 10-9 ). Network analysis identified 10 pathways in the index cohort and 6 in the validation cohort, all related to inflammation. The primary overlapping pathway in both the index and validation cohorts was up-regulation of the natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathway. CONCLUSION Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in heart failure and is associated with biomarkers and pathways relating to obesity, lipid metabolism and immune responses underlying chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla C S van der Hoef
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva M Boorsma
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna E Emmens
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J van Essen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Metra
- Institute of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Leong L Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK); and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenneth Dickstein
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ify R Mordi
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Adel Dihoum
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Chim C Lang
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Min Y, Ahn D, Truong TMT, Kim M, Heo Y, Jee Y, Son YO, Kang I. Excessive sucrose exacerbates high fat diet-induced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis promoting osteoarthritis in mice model. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109223. [PMID: 36410638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is marked by chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and cartilage destruction. High fat diet causes obesity and increases the risk of knee OA-development. However, the impact of high dietary sugar intake on OA pathogenesis has not been elucidated yet. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF+HS) diet in experimental OA mouse models. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard chow (n=6), high-fat (HF) (n=5), or HF+HS (n=7) diets for 12 weeks; thereafter, the mice underwent surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and received the same experimental diets for an additional 8 weeks. The pathogenesis of knee OA, obesogenic parameters, and inflammation levels in the liver and adipose tissue were investigated. HF+HS diet induced severe cartilage erosion with osteophyte development and subchondral bone plate thickening, indicating that HF+HS diet exacerbated OA. Despite marginal differences in metabolic parameters, hepatic free cholesterol accumulation increased in mice with DMM-induced OA fed on HF+HS diet than in those fed HF diet. Notably, the levels of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis markers were greater in the livers of mice with DMM-induced OA, fed on HF+HS diet than those in the control group. However, adipose tissue remodeling was not affected by the HF+HS diet. These findings indicate that excess sucrose intake along with a HF diet triggers hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, thereby, contributing to OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Min
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi My Tien Truong
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Mangeun Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunji Heo
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngheun Jee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ok Son
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea; Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea; Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province,, Republic of Korea.
| | - Inhae Kang
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea.
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Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure over time: linear mixed-effects model analyses. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:1110-1121. [PMID: 36717630 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a new feature of fatty liver (FL) disease that is defined as FL with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic dysregulation, has been reported to be associated with the development of diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. However, the association between MAFLD and hypertension remains unclear. We investigated the association between MAFLD and systolic blood pressure (SBP) over a 10-year period in 28,990 Japanese subjects who received annual health examinations. After exclusion of subjects without data for SBP and abdominal ultrasonography at baseline, a total of 17,021 subjects (men/women: 10,973/6048; mean age: 49 years) were recruited. Linear mixed-effects model analyses using diagnoses of FL, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or MAFLD and age, sex, SBP, use of anti-hypertensive drugs, levels of uric acid and estimated glomerular filtration rate, family history of hypertension and habits of current smoking and alcohol drinking at baseline as well as the duration of the observation period and the interaction between each covariate and the duration of the observation period showed that the significant association of change in SBP over time with diagnosis of MAFLD (estimate: 0.223 mmHg/year, P < 0.001) was greater than that with diagnoses of FL (estimate: 0.196 mmHg/year, P < 0.001) and NAFLD (estimate: 0.203 mmHg/year, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the rate of increase in SBP over time was higher in subjects with MAFLD than in subjects without FL and subjects with FL who had no MAFLD. In conclusion, MAFLD is significantly associated with an increase in SBP over time. The presence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is significantly associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure over time.
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Guo D, Zhang J, Han Y, Cui L, Wang H, Wang K, Li P, Deng R, Kang J, Duan Z. Transcriptomic Study on the Lungs of Broilers with Ascites Syndrome. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13010175. [PMID: 36611783 PMCID: PMC9817706 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although broiler ascites syndrome (AS) has been extensively studied, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The lack of cardiopulmonary function in broilers causes relative hypoxia in the body; hence, the lung is the main target organ of AS. However, the transcriptome of AS lung tissue in broilers has not been studied. In this study, an AS model was successfully constructed, and lung tissues of three AS broilers and three healthy broilers were obtained for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and pathological observation. The results showed that 614 genes were up-regulated and 828 genes were down-regulated in the AS group compared with the normal group. Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation revealed the following up-regulated genes: FABP4, APLN, EIF2AK4, HMOX1, MMP9, THBS1, TLR4, BCL2; and down-regulated genes: APELA, FGF7, WNT5A, CDK6, IL7, IL7R, APLNR. These genes have attracted much attention in cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that multiple metabolic processes were enriched, indicating abnormal lung metabolism of AS in broilers. These findings elucidate the potential genes and signal pathways in the lungs of broilers with AS and provide a potential target for studying the pathogenesis and preventing AS.
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McGilvrey M, Fortier B, Tero B, Cooke D, Cooper E, Walker J, Koza R, Ables G, Liaw L. Effects of dietary methionine restriction on age-related changes in perivascular and beiging adipose tissues in the mouse. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:159-170. [PMID: 36513498 PMCID: PMC9780157 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) regulates vascular health. Dietary methionine restriction (MetR) impacts age-related adiposity, and this study addresses its effects in PVAT. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice at 8, 52, and 102 weeks of age were fed a standard (0.86%) or low-methionine (0.12%) diet for 52 weeks in 8-week-old and 52-week-old mice and for 15 weeks in 102-week-old mice. RESULTS Mice with dietary MetR were resistant to weight gain and maintained a healthy blood profile. Aging increased lipid accumulation, and MetR reversed this phenotype. Notch signaling in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) was decreased by MetR but increased in gonadal white adipose tissue. However, the Notch phenotype of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was not affected by MetR. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) was increased in PVAT, iWAT, and BAT by MetR when initiated in young mice, but this effect was lost in middle-aged mice. CONCLUSIONS Lipid in mouse PVAT peaked at 1 year of age, consistent with peak body mass. MetR reduced body weight, normalized metabolic parameters, and decreased lipid in PVAT in all age cohorts. Mice fed a MetR diet from early maturity to 1 year of age displayed an increased thermogenic adipocyte phenotype in iWAT, PVAT, and BAT, all tissues with thermogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa McGilvrey
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine
| | - Bethany Fortier
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine
| | - Benjamin Tero
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research
| | - Diana Cooke
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc
| | - Emily Cooper
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research
| | - Jeffrey Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine
| | - Robert Koza
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine
| | - Gene Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc
| | - Lucy Liaw
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine
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Sahu B, Bal NC. Adipokines from white adipose tissue in regulation of whole body energy homeostasis. Biochimie 2023; 204:92-107. [PMID: 36084909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diseases originating from altered energy homeostasis including obesity, and type 2 diabetes are rapidly increasing worldwide. Research in the last few decades on animal models and humans demonstrates that the white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical for energy balance and more than just an energy storage site. WAT orchestrates the whole-body metabolism through inter-organ crosstalk primarily mediated by cytokines named "Adipokines". The adipokines influence metabolism and fuel selection of the skeletal muscle and liver thereby fine-tuning the load on WAT itself in physiological conditions like starvation, exercise and cold. In addition, adipokine secretion is influenced by various pathological conditions like obesity, inflammation and diabetes. In this review, we have surveyed the current state of knowledge on important adipokines and their significance in regulating energy balance and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, we have summarized the interplay of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines in the modulation of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijayashree Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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Genipin Attenuates Diabetic Cognitive Impairment by Reducing Lipid Accumulation and Promoting Mitochondrial Fusion via FABP4/Mfn1 Signaling in Microglia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010074. [PMID: 36670935 PMCID: PMC9854533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of genipin (GEN) on the microglia of diabetic cognitive impairment and explore its potential mechanism. Diabetic mice were induced by STZ/HFD, while GEN was intragastrically and intraventricularly treated. The human microglia cell HMC3 was induced by LPS/HG/PA. As a result, GEN attenuated diabetic symptoms and diabetic cognitive impairment-related behavior in novel object recognition, Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. GEN inhibited M1 microglia polarization, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and promoted mitochondrial fusion via FABP4/Mfn1. FABP4 overexpression, Mfn1 overexpression, selective FABP4 inhibitor BMS, and Mfn1 SiRNA were employed for investigating the mechanism. The inhibitory effect of GEN on ROS may be associated with NOX2 signaling and the translocation of p47phox/p67phox to the cell membrane. With the ROS scavenger NAC, it was proved that ROS participated in GEN-mediated inflammation and lipid accumulation. GEN inhibited the phosphorylation and nucleus translocation of NF-κB. GEN inhibited the ubiquitination of Mfn1, which was mediated by the E3 ligase Hrd1. GEN also enhanced microglia phagocytosis. Molecular docking predicted that GEN may interact with FABP4 by hydrogen bond at the S53 and R78 residues. In conclusion, GEN attenuated diabetic cognitive impairment by inhibiting inflammation, lipid accumulation and promoting mitochondrial fusion via FABP4/Mfn1 signaling.
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Su X, Jin M, Xu C, Gao Y, Yang Y, Qi H, Zhang Q, Yang X, Ya W, Zhang Y, Yang R. FABP4 in Paneth cells regulates antimicrobial protein expression to reprogram gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2139978. [PMID: 36519446 PMCID: PMC9635462 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2139978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial proteins possess a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity and play an important role in shaping the composition of gut microbiota, which is related to multiple diseases such as metabolic syndrome. However, it is incompletely known for the regulation of defensin expression in the gut Paneth cells. Here, we found that FABP4 in the Paneth cells of gut epithelial cells and organoids can downregulate the expression of defensins. FABP4fl/flpvillinCreT mice were highly resistance to Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T) infection and had increased bactericidal ability to pathogens. The FABP4-mediated downregulation of defensins is through degrading PPARγ after K48 ubiquitination. We also demonstrate that high-fat diet (HFD)-mediated downregulation of defensins is through inducing a robust FABP4 in Paneth cells. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in FABP4fl/flpvillinCreT mice is lower than control mice, which is opposite to that in mice fed HFD, indicating that FABP4 in the Paneth cells could reprogram gut microbiota. Interestingly, FABP4-mediated downregulation of defensins in Paneth cells not only happens in mice but also in human. A better understanding of the regulation of defensins, especially HFD-mediated downregulation of defensin in Paneth cells will provide insights into factor(s) underlying modern diseases.Abbreviations: FABP4: Fatty acid binding protein 4; S. T: Salmonella Typhimurium; HFD: High-fat diet; Defa: α-defensin; 930 HD5: Human α-defensin 5; HD6: Human α-defensin 6; F/B: Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes; SFB: Segmental filamentous bacteria; AMPs: Antimicrobial peptides; PPARγ: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; P-PPAR: Phosphorylated PPAR; Dhx15: DEAD-box helicase 15; 935 EGF: Epidermal growth factor; ENR: Noggin and R-spondin 1; CFU: Colony forming unit; Lyz1: Lysozyme 1; Saa1: Serum amyoid A 1; Pla2g2a: Phospholipase A2, group IIA; MMP-7: Matrix metalloproteinase; AU-PAGE: Acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; PA: Palmitic 940 acid; GPR40: G-protein-coupled receptor; GF: Germ-free; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; LP: Lamina propria; KO: Knock out; WT: Wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Su
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengli Jin
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunhuan Gao
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yazheng Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Houbao Qi
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianjing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wang Ya
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China,CONTACT Rongcun Yang Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
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Kim NY, Lim CM, Park HM, Kim J, Pham TH, Yang Y, Lee HP, Hong JT, Yoon DY. MMPP promotes adipogenesis and glucose uptake via binding to the PPARγ ligand binding domain in 3T3-L1 MBX cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:994584. [PMID: 36339572 PMCID: PMC9634037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.994584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor involved in adipogenesis, and its transcriptional activity depends on its ligands. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), well-known PPARγ agonists, are drugs that improve insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. However, TZDs are associated with severe adverse effects. As current therapies are not well designed, novel PPARγ agonists have been investigated in adipocytes. (E)-2-methoxy-4-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl) prop-1-en-1-yl) phenol (MMPP) is known to have anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. In this study, we demonstrated the adipogenic effects of MMPP on the regulation of PPARγ transcriptional activity during adipocyte differentiation in vitro. MMPP treatment increased PPARγ transcriptional activity, and molecular docking studies revealed that MMPP binds directly to the PPARγ ligand binding domain. MMPP and rosiglitazone showed similar binding affinities to the PPARγ. MMPP significantly promoted lipid accumulation in adipocyte cells and increased the expression of C/EBPβ and the levels of p-AKT, p-GSK3, and p-AMPKα at an early stage. MMPP enhanced the expression of adipogenic markers such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, ACC, GLUT4, FABP4 and adiponectin in the late stage. MMPP also improved insulin sensitivity by increasing glucose uptake. Thus, MMPP, as a PPARγ agonist, may be a potential drug for type 2 diabetes and metabolic disorders, which may help increase adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Yeon Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae-Min Lim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Min Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinju Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Thu-Huyen Pham
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yang
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Proteomic Analysis Identifies Molecular Players and Biological Processes Specific to SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810452. [PMID: 36142365 PMCID: PMC9500950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been responsible for the severe pandemic of acute respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), experienced in the 21st century. The clinical manifestations range from mild symptoms to abnormal blood coagulation and severe respiratory failure. In severe cases, COVID-19 manifests as a thromboinflammatory disease. Damage to the vascular compartment caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been linked to thrombosis, triggered by an enhanced immune response. The molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial activation have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to identify the proteins correlated to the molecular response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, which might help to unravel the molecular mechanisms of endothelium activation in COVID-19. In this direction, we exposed HUVECs to SARS-CoV-2 and analyzed the expression of specific cellular receptors, and changes in the proteome of HUVECs at different time points. We identified that HUVECs exhibit non-productive infection without cytopathic effects, in addition to the lack of expression of specific cell receptors known to be essential for SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. We highlighted the enrichment of the protein SUMOylation pathway and the increase in SUMO2, which was confirmed by orthogonal assays. In conclusion, proteomic analysis revealed that the exposure to SARS-CoV-2 induced oxidative stress and changes in protein abundance and pathways enrichment that resembled endothelial dysfunction.
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Nowowiejska J, Baran A, Flisiak I. Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins in Psoriasis-A Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090833. [PMID: 36144237 PMCID: PMC9500650 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common skin diseases in dermatological practice. It affects about 1–3% of the general population and is associated with different comorbidities, especially metabolic syndrome. Fatty-acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of cytosolic proteins which are an important link in lipid metabolism and transport; moreover, they have different tissue specificity and properties. So far, ten FABPs have been discovered and seven have been investigated in psoriasis. In this review, we discuss the nature of all FABPs and their role in psoriasis. FABPs have different organ and tissue expression, and hence various functions, and may be markers of different disorders. Considering the concentration of a few of them tends to be elevated in psoriasis, it confirms the current perception of psoriasis as a multiorgan disorder associated with plenty of comorbidities. Some FABPs may be also further investigated as biomarkers of psoriasis organ complications. FABP-1 and FABP-5 may become potential markers of metabolic complications and inflammation in psoriasis. FABP-7 could perhaps be further investigated as an indicator of the neurodegenerative processes in psoriatic patients.
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Liu S, Wu D, Fan Z, Yang J, Li Y, Meng Y, Gao C, Zhan H. FABP4 in obesity-associated carcinogenesis: Novel insights into mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:973955. [PMID: 36060264 PMCID: PMC9438896 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.973955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide is associated with an increased risk of various diseases, including multiple metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and malignant tumors. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are members of the adipokine family of multifunctional proteins that are related to fatty acid metabolism and are divided into 12 types according to their tissue origin. FABP4 is mainly secreted by adipocytes and macrophages. Under obesity, the synthesis of FABP4 increases, and the FABP4 content is higher not only in tissues but also in the blood, which promotes the occurrence and development of various cancers. Here, we comprehensively investigated obesity epidemiology and the biological mechanisms associated with the functions of FABP4 that may explain this effect. In this review, we explore the molecular mechanisms by which FABP4 promotes carcinoma development and the interaction between fat and cancer cells in obese circumstances here. This review leads us to understand how FABP4 signaling is involved in obesity-associated tumors, which could increase the potential for advancing novel therapeutic strategies and molecular targets for the systematic treatment of malignant tumors.
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Inflammatory and metabolic markers in relation to outcome of in vitro fertilization in a cohort of predominantly overweight and obese women. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13331. [PMID: 35922472 PMCID: PMC9349206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
For overweight and obese women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) the pregnancy and live birth rates are compromised while the underlying mechanisms and predictors are unclear. The aim was to explore the association between adipose tissue-related inflammatory and metabolic markers and the pregnancy and live birth outcome of IVF in a cohort of predominantly overweight and obese women. Serum samples, fulfilling standardizing criteria, were identified from 195 women having participated in either the control (n = 131) or intervention (n = 64) group of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), seeking to evaluate the effect of a weight reduction intervention on IVF outcome in obese women. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and the adipokines leptin and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP) were analyzed for the whole cohort (n = 195) in samples collected shortly before IVF [at randomization (control group), after intervention (intervention group)]. Information on age, anthropometry [BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)], pregnancy and live birth rates after IVF, as well as the spontaneous pregnancy rate, was extracted or calculated from collected data. The women of the original intervention group were also characterized at randomization regarding all variables. Eight women [n = 3 original control group (2.3%), n = 5 original intervention group (7.8%)] conceived spontaneously before starting IVF. BMI category proportions in the cohort undergoing IVF (n = 187) were 1.6/20.1/78.3% (normal weight/overweight/obese). The pregnancy and live birth rates after IVF for the cohort were 35.8% (n = 67) and 24.6% (n = 46), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that none of the variables (age, hsCRP, leptin, AFABP, BMI, waist circumference, WHtR) were predictive factors of pregnancy or live birth after IVF. Women of the original intervention group displayed reductions in hsCRP, leptin, and anthropometric variables after intervention while AFABP was unchanged. In this cohort of predominantly overweight and obese women undergoing IVF, neither low-grade inflammation, in terms of hsCRP, other circulating inflammatory and metabolic markers released from adipose tissue (leptin, AFABP), nor anthropometric measures of adiposity or adipose tissue distribution (BMI, waist, WHtR) were identified as predictive factors of pregnancy or live birth rate.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01566929. Trial registration date 30-03-2012, retrospectively registered.
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Navarro-Ruiz MDC, López-Alcalá J, Díaz-Ruiz A, Moral SDD, Tercero-Alcázar C, Nieto-Calonge A, López-Miranda J, Tinahones FJ, Malagón MM, Guzmán-Ruiz R. Understanding the adipose tissue acetylome in obesity and insulin resistance. Transl Res 2022; 246:15-32. [PMID: 35259527 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a widely prevalent pathology with a high exponential growth worldwide. Altered lipid accumulation by adipose tissue is one of the main causes of obesity and exploring lipid homeostasis in this tissue may represent a source for the identification of possible therapeutic targets. The study of the proteome and the post-translational modifications of proteins, specifically acetylation due to its involvement in energy metabolism, may be of great interest to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. The objective of this study was to characterize the subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue acetylome in conditions of obesity and insulin resistance and to describe the importance of acetylation of key molecules in adipose tissue to use them as therapeutic targets. The results describe for the first time the acetylome of subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue under physiological and physiopathological conditions such as obesity and insulin resistance. New evidence showed different acetylation patterns between two main depots and highlight the molecular complexity of adipose tissue. Results showed changes in FABP4 acetylation in subcutaneous fat in relation to insulin resistance, thus unveiling a potential marker of depot-specific dysfunctional expansion in obesity-associated metabolic disease. Furthermore, it is shown that the acetylation of FABP4 affects its function, modulating the capacity of differentiation in adipocytes. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a profound, depot-specific alteration of adipose tissue acetylome, wherein the acetylation of FABP4 may play a key role in adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Carmen Navarro-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Jaime López-Alcalá
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Alberto Díaz-Ruiz
- Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Díaz Del Moral
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Tercero-Alcázar
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Andrea Nieto-Calonge
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - María M Malagón
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - Rocío Guzmán-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba/Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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Umetsu A, Furuhashi M, Watanabe M, Ohkawa E, Tsugeno Y, Suzuki S, Itoh K, Ida Y, Hikage F, Ohguro H. Fatty acid metabolism is involved in both retinal physiology and the pathology of retinal vascular diseases. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 183:102473. [PMID: 35820353 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To study the pathophysiological roles of the fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) within the retina, we performed; (1) immunolabeling of human retinas, wild type (WT) rat and mouse retinas, rat models for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with anti-FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, FABP7, FABP8 and FABP12, (2) electroretinogram (ERG) measurements of WT and FABP4-deficient (Fabp4-/-) mice, (3) ELISA or gas chromatography measurements of plasma (P-) and vitreous (V-) levels of FABP4 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and fatty acids (FAs) from patients with retinal vascular disease (RVD) including proliferative DR (PDR, n = 30) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO, n = 18) and non-RVD (n = 18). Within the human retina, diverse expressions of FABP3, FABP4, FABP7 and FABP8 were identified. In contrast, positive immunoreactivities toward only FABP4 and FABP12 were detected in the cases of rat and mouse retinas, and interestingly, the FABP4 labeling patterns for the WT, DR and RP rat retinas were different. The ERG amplitudes of Fabp4-/- mice were enhanced compared with those of WT mice. The concentrations of V-FABP4, V-VEGFA and total FAs were significantly higher in RVD patients than in non-PDR patients (P < 0.05). The V-FAs levels of each were significantly and positively correlated with V-FABP4 and V-VEGFA, although no significant correlation between vitreous (V-) and plasma (P-) FABP4, VEGFA and FAs were detected. The current study reveals that V-FAs appear to have significant roles in both retinal physiology as well as the pathogenesis of RVD with FABP4, which is commonly expressed within the retina in most species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araya Umetsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ei Ohkawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuri Tsugeno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Soma Suzuki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kaku Itoh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Fumihito Hikage
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohguro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Chekol Abebe E, Tilahun Muche Z, Behaile T/Mariam A, Mengie Ayele T, Mekonnen Agidew M, Teshome Azezew M, Abebe Zewde E, Asmamaw Dejenie T, Asmamaw Mengstie M. The structure, biosynthesis, and biological roles of fetuin-A: A review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:945287. [PMID: 35923855 PMCID: PMC9340150 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.945287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetuin-A is a heterodimeric plasma glycoprotein containing an A-chain of 282 amino acids and a B-chain of 27 amino acid residues linked by a single inter-disulfide bond. It is predominantly expressed in embryonic cells and adult hepatocytes, and to a lesser extent in adipocytes and monocytes. Fetuin-A binds with a plethora of receptors and exhibits multifaceted physiological and pathological functions. It is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, osteogenesis, and the insulin signaling pathway. It also acts as an ectopic calcification inhibitor, protease inhibitor, inflammatory mediator, anti-inflammatory partner, atherogenic factor, and adipogenic factor, among other several moonlighting functions. Fetuin-A has also been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several disorders. This review mainly focuses on the structure, synthesis, and biological roles of fetuin-A. Information was gathered manually from various journals via electronic searches using PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and Cochrane Library from inception to 2022. Studies written in English and cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, or experimental studies were considered in the review, otherwise excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Endeshaw Chekol Abebe,
| | - Zelalem Tilahun Muche
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Awigchew Behaile T/Mariam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Teklie Mengie Ayele
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Mekonnen Agidew
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Teshome Azezew
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Edgeit Abebe Zewde
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Sun N, Zhao X. Therapeutic Implications of FABP4 in Cancer: An Emerging Target to Tackle Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:948610. [PMID: 35899119 PMCID: PMC9310032 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.948610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is an emerging hallmark of tumor cells. In order to survive in nutrient-deprived environment, tumor cells rewire their metabolic phenotype to provide sufficient energy and build biomass to sustain their transformed state and promote malignant behaviors. Fatty acid uptake and trafficking is an essential part of lipid metabolism within tumor cells. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), which belongs to a family of intracellular lipid-binding protein, can bind hydrophobic ligands to regulate lipid trafficking and metabolism. In particular, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (FABP4), one of the most abundant members, has been found to be upregulated in many malignant solid tumors, and correlated with poor prognosis. In multiple tumor types, FABP4 is critical for tumor proliferation, metastasis and drug resistance. More importantly, FABP4 is a crucial driver of malignancy not only by activating the oncogenic signaling pathways, but also rewiring the metabolic phenotypes of tumor cells to satisfy their enhanced energy demand for tumor development. Thus, FABP4 serves as a tumor-promoting molecule in most cancer types, and may be a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihui Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xing Zhao,
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Huang J, Chen G, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Meng Q, Xu F, Zhang X, Zou W, Mi F, Yin J. Correlation between adipocyte fatty acid binding protein and glucose dysregulation is closely associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome: A cohort of Han Chinese population from Yunnan plateau. Lipids 2022; 57:257-264. [PMID: 35778866 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the correlation of plasma A-FABP with glucose dysregulation under different body mass index (BMI) and metabolic states in a Han Chinese population from Yunnan plateau. We cross-sectionally analyzed data from the China Multi Ethnic Cohort, Yunnan province. Participants were divided into two groups. Group A contained 297 obese individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Group B contained 326 age-, sex-, and region-matched normal BMI subjects without MetS. Glucose dysregulation was defined as elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (FPG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or current use of oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin). Circulating A-FABP were assayed by ELISA method. Binary and multiple regression analyses were preformed to evaluate the correlation between A-FABP and glucose dysregulation. Plasma A-FABP level was significantly higher in group A compared with group B (p < 0.001). Plasma A-FABP level correlated positively with elevated FPG in group A (r = 0.120, p = 0.039), but negatively with elevated FPG in group B (r = -0.115, p = 0.039). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that A-FABP was an independent predictor for elevated FPG in group A (β, 0.028; 95% CI, 1.001-1.056; p < 0.05), but not in group B (β, -0.008; 95% CI, 0.882-1.117; p > 0.05). In this study, A-FABP was an independent risk factor for glucose dysregulation in obese individuals with MetS living in the Yunnan plateau, but not for those without obesity and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guo Chen
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanjiao Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiong Meng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fang Xu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Zou
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Mi
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianzhong Yin
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Baoshan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoshan, China
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Xiong XY, Tang Y, Yang QW. Metabolic changes favor the activity and heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:390-400. [PMID: 35396164 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes undergo morphological, molecular, metabolic, and functional remodeling in response to central nervous system (CNS) damage. However, we still know very little about how the metabolic switching of astrocytes influences, or is influenced by, reactive astrocytes in response to neurological diseases. In this review, we initially cover a brief introduction into reactive astrocyte function under pathological conditions. Subsequently, we summarize the emerging roles of glucose and lipid metabolism in reactive astrocytes in the context of CNS injury to provide a new insight into metabolic mechanisms of reactive astrocyte-mediated neuroprotection or damage. Finally, we propose that deciphering the mechanistic link between astrocyte heterogeneity metabolism and improved methods is an emerging frontier for the therapeutic investigation of CNS injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Xiong
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; International Collaborative Centre on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signaling, Chengdu, China; Acupuncture & Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; International Collaborative Centre on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signaling, Chengdu, China; Acupuncture & Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-Wu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China.
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Shinoda S, Nakamura N, Roach B, Bernlohr DA, Ikramuddin S, Yamamoto M. Obesity and Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Progress in Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Bariatric Surgery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1284. [PMID: 35740306 PMCID: PMC9220099 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 30% of people in the United States (US) are classified as obese, and over 50% are considered significantly overweight. Importantly, obesity is a risk factor not only for the development of metabolic syndrome but also for many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is the third leading cause of cancer-related death, and 5-year survival of PDAC remains around 9% in the U.S. Obesity is a known risk factor for PDAC. Metabolic control and bariatric surgery, which is an effective treatment for severe obesity and allows massive weight loss, have been shown to reduce the risk of PDAC. It is therefore clear that elucidating the connection between obesity and PDAC is important for the identification of a novel marker and/or intervention point for obesity-related PDAC risk. In this review, we discussed recent progress in obesity-related PDAC in epidemiology, mechanisms, and potential cancer prevention effects of interventions, including bariatric surgery with preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Shinoda
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Naohiko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Brett Roach
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - David A. Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Sayeed Ikramuddin
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Tanaka M, Furuhashi M. Reply to the comments of Naharci et al. on "Circulating level of fatty acid-binding protein 4 is an independent predictor of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals". J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:928-929. [PMID: 35524655 PMCID: PMC9077733 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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81
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Higashiura Y, Tanaka M, Mori K, Mikami T, Hosaka I, Ohnishi H, Hanawa N, Furuhashi M. High fibrosis-4 index predicts the new onset of ischaemic heart disease during a 10-year period in a general population. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2022; 2:oeac030. [PMID: 35919342 PMCID: PMC9242084 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims The fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, calculated using age, platelet count, and levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, is a non-invasive indicator for the detection of liver fibrosis. Advanced hepatic fibrosis is associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the relationship between liver fibrosis and the development of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) has not fully been addressed. Methods and results We investigated the association between the FIB-4 index and the new onset of IHD during a 10-year period in a general population of subjects who received annual health examinations (n = 28 990). After exclusion of subjects with missing data and those with a history of IHD at baseline, a total of 13 448 subjects (men/women: 8774/4674, mean age: 48 years) were included. During the 10-year period, 378 men (4.3%) and 77 women (1.6%) had a new onset of IHD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard risk for the development of IHD increased with a higher FIB-4 index at baseline after adjustment of age, sex, fatty liver (FL) determined by ultrasonography, estimated glomerular filtration rate, habits of current smoking and alcohol drinking, family history of IHD, and diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia. When divided by FL, the FIB-4 index becomes an independent predictor for the development of IHD in subjects with FL but not in those without FL. The addition of the FIB-4 index to traditional risk factors for IHD significantly improved the discriminatory capability. Conclusion A high level of the FIB-4 index predicts the new onset of IHD during a 10-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mori
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takuma Mikami
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Itaru Hosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nagisa Hanawa
- Department of Health Checkup and Promotion, Keijinkai Maruyama Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Karasek D, Krystynik O, Kucerova V, Macakova D, Cibickova L, Schovanek J, Haluzik M. Adiponectin, A-FABP and FGF-19 Levels in Women with Early Diagnosed Gestational Diabetes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092417. [PMID: 35566542 PMCID: PMC9103722 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), and fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF-19) belong to proteins involved in glucose metabolism regulation. The aims of the study were to compare the plasma levels of these proteins in women with early diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to those in healthy controls and to investigate their changes during pregnancy after early intervention. Methods: The study was undertaken as a case-control study. Early GDM diagnosis was based on repeated fasting plasma glucose ≥5.1 and <7.0 mmol/L during the first trimester of pregnancy and exclusion of overt diabetes. Age-matched controls comprised healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women. In addition to adipokines, clinical parameters and measures of glucose control were assessed. Results: Women with GDM (n = 23) had significantly lower adiponectin and higher A-FABP levels compared to healthy pregnant (n = 29) or non-pregnant (n = 25) controls, while no significant differences in FGF-19 between the groups were found. The therapeutic intervention shifted adiponectin and A-FABP levels in GDM women towards concentrations of healthy pregnant controls. Adipokines were associated with visceral adiposity and glucose control. Conclusion: Women with GDM showed altered adipokine production even in the first trimester of pregnancy. Early therapeutic intervention not only improved glucose control but also normalized impaired adipokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Karasek
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-585-855-8595
| | - Ondrej Krystynik
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Veronika Kucerova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Dominika Macakova
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Lubica Cibickova
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Schovanek
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Martin Haluzik
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Xu B, Chen L, Zhan Y, Marquez KNS, Zhuo L, Qi S, Zhu J, He Y, Chen X, Zhang H, Shen Y, Chen G, Gu J, Guo Y, Liu S, Xie T. The Biological Functions and Regulatory Mechanisms of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 in Various Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:857919. [PMID: 35445019 PMCID: PMC9013884 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.857919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), also known as fatty acid transporter, has been widely researched with the help of modern genetic technology. Emerging evidence suggests its critical role in regulating lipid transport, homeostasis, and metabolism. Its involvement in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as metabolic syndrome, skin diseases, cancer, and neurological diseases is the key to understanding the true nature of the protein. This makes FABP5 be a promising component for numerous clinical applications. This review has summarized the most recent advances in the research of FABP5 in modulating cellular processes, providing an in-depth analysis of the protein’s biological properties, biological functions, and mechanisms involved in various diseases. In addition, we have discussed the possibility of using FABP5 as a new diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for human diseases, shedding light on challenges facing future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyue Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Karl Nelson S. Marquez
- Clinical Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hankou, China
| | - Lvjia Zhuo
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongxing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Guo, ; Shuiping Liu, ; Tian Xie,
| | - Shuiping Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Guo, ; Shuiping Liu, ; Tian Xie,
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Guo, ; Shuiping Liu, ; Tian Xie,
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Huang Y, Yong P, Dickey D, Vora SM, Wu H, Bernlohr DA. Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis via a Lipid-regulated SIRT1-p53-ASC Axis in Macrophages From Male Mice and Humans. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6523230. [PMID: 35136993 PMCID: PMC8896164 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-linked diabetes is associated with accumulation of proinflammatory macrophages into adipose tissue leading to inflammasome activation and pyroptotic secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Targeting fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) uncouples obesity from inflammation, attenuates characteristics of type 2 diabetes and is mechanistically linked to the cellular accumulation of monounsaturated fatty acids in macrophages. Herein we show that pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of FABP4 activates silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) and deacetylates its downstream targets p53 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Pharmacologic inhibition of fatty acid synthase or stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase inhibits, whereas exogenous addition of C16:1 or C18:1 but not their saturated acyl chain counterparts, activates SIRT1 and p53/STAT3 signaling and IL-1β/IL-18 release. Expression of the p53 target gene ASC [apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (CARD)] required for assembly of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is downregulated in FABP4 null mice and macrophage cell lines leading to loss of procaspase 1 activation and pyroptosis. Concomitant with loss of ASC expression in FABP4-/- macrophages, inflammasome activation, gasdermin D processing, and functional activation of pyroptosis are all diminished in FABP4 null macrophages but can be rescued by silencing SIRT1 or exogenous expression of ASC. Taken together, these results reveal a novel lipid-regulated pathway linking to SIRT1-p53-ASC signaling and activation of inflammasome action and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimao Huang
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics
| | - Peter Yong
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics
| | - Deborah Dickey
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics
| | - Setu M Vora
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Correspondence: David A. Bernlohr, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Huang NW, Lin JH, Jhan JY, Hsu BG, Chang JC. Age and Serum Adipocyte Fatty-Acid-Binding Protein Level Are Associated with Aortic Stiffness in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9040105. [PMID: 35448081 PMCID: PMC9032052 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Old age has been proven to be related to progressed arterial or aortic stiffness. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortalities in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Higher serum concentrations of adipocyte fatty-acid-binding protein (A-FABP) could be considered a predictor of aortic stiffness in patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. This study aims to investigate the relationships between A-FABP and aortic stiffness in patients who have received CABG. A total of 84 CABG patients were enrolled in our study from September 2018 to May 2019. Serum A-FABP levels were determined using a commercial enzyme immunoassay. Carotid−femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) > 10 m/s was defined as aortic stiffness. Of the 84 CABG patients, 28 (33.3%) with aortic stiffness had a higher average age; exhibited higher rates of diabetes; and had higher serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, and A-FABP levels compared to controls. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that serum A-FABP levels (odds ratio (OR) = 1.068, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.017−1.121, p = 0.008) and age (OR = 1.204, 95% CI 1.067−1.359, p = 0.003) were independent predictors of aortic stiffness. Multivariable stepwise linear regression revealed significant positive correlations of age and A-FABP levels with cfPWV values. Serum A-FABP level is positively correlated with cfPWV values, and a high serum A-FABP level is associated with aortic stiffness in patients who have undergone CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wei Huang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (N.-W.H.); (J.-Y.J.)
| | - Jian-Hong Lin
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
| | - Jin-You Jhan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (N.-W.H.); (J.-Y.J.)
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (B.-G.H.); (J.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-3-8561825 (J.-C.C.)
| | - Jui-Chih Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (N.-W.H.); (J.-Y.J.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (B.-G.H.); (J.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-3-8561825 (J.-C.C.)
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Interplay between Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4, Fetuin-A, Retinol Binding Protein 4 and Thyroid Function in Metabolic Dysregulation. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040300. [PMID: 35448487 PMCID: PMC9026429 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Signalling between the tissues integrating synthesis, transformation and utilization of energy substrates and their regulatory hormonal axes play a substantial role in the development of metabolic disorders. Interactions between cytokines, particularly liver derived hepatokines and adipokines, secreted from adipose tissue, constitute one of major areas of current research devoted to metabolic dysregulation. The thyroid exerts crucial influence on the maintenance of basal metabolic rate, thermogenesis, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, while its dysfunction promotes the development of metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the interplay between three adipokines: fatty acid binding protein type 4, fetuin-A, retinol binding protein type 4 and thyroid hormones, that shed a new light onto mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis, cardiovascular complications, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes accompanying thyroid dysfunction. Furthermore, we summarize clinical findings on those cytokines in the course of thyroid disorders.
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González AP, Gutiérrez-Castro KP, Caccavello R, Garay-Sevilla ME, Gugliucci A. Serum Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Levels in Adolescents: Effect of Insulin Resistance. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2022; 20:295-302. [PMID: 35333608 DOI: 10.1089/met.2021.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is an adipokine that plays a causative role in obesity and diabetes. In a stratified cross-sectional study with adolescents, we explored whether changes in FABP4 are already present in lean adolescents, provided they display elements of insulin resistance (IR). Methods: Adolescents were divided in four groups according to body mass index and homeostasis model assessment-IR. Results: In metabolically unhealthy lean (MUL) adolescents (MUL, lean with IR), FABP4 was 33% higher than in healthy counterparts (metabolically healthy lean [MHL]). Obese adolescents without IR (metabolically healthy obesity [MHO]) had 50% higher levels of FABP4 than their lean counterparts (MHL), while levels of FABP4 in obese adolescents with IR (metabolically unhealthy obese [MUO]) were 220% higher than those of MUL adolescents. The differences were significant at least with P < 0.005. MUO > MHO > MUL. Our data demonstrate that the known FABP4 defect in adults with obesity also occurs in youth and even in lean adolescents, suggesting an early association between impaired glucose metabolism and FABP4 irrespective of body weight. FABP4 was more sensitive in discerning each of our 4 subgroups than either adiponectin or leptin. Moreover, evidence for a putative early adiponectin resistance in MUL suggests a combined defect in these adolescents that call for early detection and prevention of the metabolic disturbance that should stay away from concentrating only in subjects with obesity. Conclusions: Our data may serve to draw the considerable attention that is currently paid to FABP4 to the adolescent population, irrespective of the presence of obesity. Further studies with larger cohorts and analyses of visceral and liver fat are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Patricia González
- Division of Health Science, Department of Medical Science, University of Guanajuato - Campus León, Leon de los Aldama, Mexico.,Health Research Division, High Specialty Medical Unit, Hospital of Gynecology and Pediatrics # 48, Mexican Institute of Social Security, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Karla Paola Gutiérrez-Castro
- Division of Health Science, Department of Medical Science, University of Guanajuato - Campus León, Leon de los Aldama, Mexico
| | - Russell Caccavello
- Glycation, Oxidation and Disease Laboratory, Department of Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University California, Vallejo, California, USA
| | - Ma Eugenia Garay-Sevilla
- Division of Health Science, Department of Medical Science, University of Guanajuato - Campus León, Leon de los Aldama, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Gugliucci
- Glycation, Oxidation and Disease Laboratory, Department of Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University California, Vallejo, California, USA
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Higashide M, Furuhashi M, Watanabe M, Itoh K, Suzuki S, Umetsu A, Tsugeno Y, Ida Y, Hikage F, Ohguro H. Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins 4 and 5 Are Involved in the Pathogenesis of Retinal Vascular Diseases in Different Manners. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040467. [PMID: 35454958 PMCID: PMC9025502 DOI: 10.3390/life12040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports on the pathological significance of the vitreous fatty acid-binding protein (Vt-FABP) 4 and 5, and vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vt-VEGFA) in patients with retinal vascular diseases (RVDs) including proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Subjects with PDR (n = 20), RVO (n = 10), and controls (epiretinal membrane, n = 18) who had undergone vitrectomies were enrolled in this study. The levels of Vt-FABP4, Vt-FABP5, and Vt-VEGFA were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Retinal circulation levels were measured by a laser-speckle flow analyzer (LSFA) and other relevant data were collected. The Vt-FABP5 levels were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in patients with RVDs compared to control patients. This elevation was more evident in patients with RVO than with PDR. Log Vt-FABP5 was significantly correlated negatively or positively with all the LSFA retinal circulation indexes or Log triglycerides (r = 0.31, p = 0.031), respectively. However, the elevations in the Vt-FABP4 and Vt-VEGFA levels were more evident in the PDR group (p < 0.05) and these factors were correlated positively with Log fasting glucose and negatively with some of the LSFA retinal circulation indexes. Multivariable regression analyses indicated that the LSFA blood flows of the optic disc at baseline was an independent effector with Log Vt-FABP5 other than several possible factors including age, gender, Log triglycerides, Log Vt-FABP4 and Log Vt-VEGFA. These current findings suggest that Vt-FABP5 is involved in the pathogenesis of RVD in a manner that is different from that for Vt-FABP4 and Vt-VEGFA, presumably by regulating retinal circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Higashide
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Departments of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan;
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Kaku Itoh
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Soma Suzuki
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Araya Umetsu
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Yuri Tsugeno
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Yosuke Ida
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Fumihito Hikage
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
| | - Hiroshi Ohguro
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (M.H.); (M.W.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (A.U.); (Y.T.); (Y.I.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-61-12-111
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Al-Ali MM, Khan AA, Fayyad AM, Abdallah SH, Khattak MNK. Transcriptomic profiling of the telomerase transformed Mesenchymal stromal cells derived adipocytes in response to rosiglitazone. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:17. [PMID: 35264099 PMCID: PMC8905835 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-022-01027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differentiation of Immortalized Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - hTERT (iMSC3) into adipocytes is in vitro model of obesity. In our earlier study, rosiglitazone enhanced adipogenesis particularly the brown adipogenesis of iMSC3. In this study, the transcriptomic profiles of iMSC3 derived adipocytes with and without rosiglitazone were analyzed through mRNA sequencing. Results A total of 1508 genes were differentially expressed between iMSC3 and the derived adipocytes without rosiglitazone treatment. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that rosiglitazone regulates PPAR and PI3K-Akt pathways. The constant rosiglitazone treatment enhanced the expression of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) which enriched GO terms such as fatty acid binding, lipid droplet, as well as white and brown fat cell differentiation. Moreover, the constant treatment upregulated several lipid droplets (LDs) associated proteins such as PLIN1. Rosiglitazone also activated the receptor complex PTK2B that has essential roles in beige adipocytes thermogenic program. Several uniquely expressed novel regulators of brown adipogenesis were also expressed in adipocytes derived with rosiglitazone: PRDM16, ZBTB16, HOXA4, and KLF15 in addition to other uniquely expressed genes. Conclusions Rosiglitazone regulated several differentially regulated genes and non-coding RNAs that warrant further investigation about their roles in adipogenesis particularly brown adipogenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-022-01027-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moza Mohamed Al-Ali
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE
| | - Amir Ali Khan
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE. .,Human Genetics & Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE.
| | - Abeer Maher Fayyad
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE.,Department of Molecular and Genetic Diagnostics, Megalabs Group, Amman, 11953, Jordan
| | - Sallam Hasan Abdallah
- Human Genetics & Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE
| | - Muhammad Nasir Khan Khattak
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE. .,Human Genetics & Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE.
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90
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Rabkin SW. Evaluating the adverse outcome of subtypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction defined by machine learning: A systematic review focused on defining high risk phenogroups. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:487-518. [PMID: 35391918 PMCID: PMC8983850 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ability to distinguish clinically meaningful subtypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has recently been examined by machine learning techniques but studies appear to have produced discordant results. The objective of this study is to synthesize the types of HFpEF by examining their features and relating them to phenotypes with adverse prognosis. A systematic search was conducted using the search terms "Diastolic Heart Failure" OR "heart failure with preserved ejection fraction" OR "heart failure with normal ejection fraction" OR "HFpEF" AND "machine learning" OR "artificial intelligence" OR 'computational biology'. Ten studies were identified and they varied in their prevalence of ten clinical variables: age, sex, body mass index (BMI) or obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or symptom severity (NYHA class or BNP). The clinical findings associated with the different phenotypes in > 85 % of studies were age, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease and worse symptoms severity; an adverse outcome was in 65 % to 85 % of studies identified diabetes mellitus and female sex and in less than 65 % of studies was body mass index or obesity, and coronary artery disease. COPD was a relevant factor in only 33 % of studies. Adverse clinical outcome - death or admission to hospital (for heart failure) defined phenogroups with the worst outcome. Combining the 4 studies that calculated the MAGGIC score showed a significant (p<0.05) linear relationship between MAGGIC score and outcome, using the one-year event rate. A new score based on strength of the evidence of the HFpEF studies analyzed here, using 9 variables (eliminating COPD), showed a significant (p<0.009) linear relationship with one-year event rate. Three studies examined biomarkers in detail and the ones most prominently related to outcome or consistently found in the studies were GDF15, FABP4, FGF23, sST2, renin and TNF. The dominant factors that identified phenotypes of HFpEF with adverse outcome were hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease and worse symptoms severity. A new simplified score, based on clinical factors, was proposed to assess prognosis in HFpEF. Several biomarkers were consistently elevated in phenogroups with adverse outcomes and may indicate the underlying mechanism or pathophysiology specific for phenotypes with an adverse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon W. Rabkin
- University of British Columbia,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Simon W. Rabkin, University of British Columbia, 9th Floor 2775 Laurel St., Vancouver, B.C., Canada V5Z 1M9; Phone: (604) 875 5847, Fax: (604) 875 5849, E-mail:
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91
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Fan HJ, Wang CH, Hsu BG, Tsai JP. Association between Serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein Level and Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020316. [PMID: 35207603 PMCID: PMC8878502 DOI: 10.3390/life12020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) is associated with atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction is one of the reasons for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). This study investigated the correlation between serum A-FABP levels and endothelial function in HD patients. Fasting blood samples were collected from 90 HD patients. A-FABP levels were measured using a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit. Endothelial function was evaluated by a digital thermal monitoring test to measure vascular reactivity index (VRI). VRI < 1.0, 1.0 ≤ VRI < 2.0, and VRI ≥ 2.0 indicated poor, intermediate, and good vascular reactivity, respectively. In total, 14 (15.6%), 38 (42.2%), and 38 (42.2%) HD patients had poor, intermediate, and good VRI, respectively. Patients with poor VRI had lower pre-HD and post-HD body weight, body mass index, and serum creatinine level but higher serum A-FABP level (p = 0.001) than those with intermediate and good VRI. Log-transformed VRI (log-VRI) positively correlated with serum creatinine and negatively correlated with A-FABP by multivariate linear regression analysis. We concluded that A-FABP correlated with endothelial dysfunction in chronic HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jou Fan
- Divisions of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; 0xliad53a4dfac58z% (H.-J.F.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Divisions of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; 0xliad53a4dfac58z% (H.-J.F.); (C.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Divisions of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; 0xliad53a4dfac58z% (H.-J.F.); (C.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (B.-G.H.); (J.-P.T.)
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (B.-G.H.); (J.-P.T.)
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92
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Gruber N, Rathaus M, Ron I, Livne R, Sheinvald S, Barhod E, Hemi R, Tirosh A, Pinhas-Hamiel O, Tirosh A. Fatty acid-binding protein 4: a key regulator of ketoacidosis in new-onset type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2022; 65:366-374. [PMID: 34806114 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is an adipokine with a key regulatory role in glucose and lipid metabolism. We prospectively evaluated the role of FABP4 in the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in new-onset type 1 diabetes. METHODS Clinical and laboratory data were prospectively collected from consecutive children presenting with new-onset type 1 diabetes. In addition to blood chemistry and gases, insulin, C-peptide, serum FABP4 and NEFA were collected upon presentation and 48 h after initiation of insulin treatment. In a mouse model of type 1 diabetes, glucose, insulin, β-hydroxybutyrate and weight were compared between FABP4 knockout (Fabp4-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice. RESULTS Included were 33 children (mean age 9.3 ± 3.5 years, 52% male), of whom 14 (42%) presented with DKA. FABP4 levels were higher in the DKA group compared with the non-DKA group (median [IQR] 10.1 [7.9-14.2] ng/ml vs 6.3 [3.9-7] ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.005). The FABP4 level was positively correlated with HbA1c at presentation and inversely correlated with venous blood pH and bicarbonate levels (p < 0.05 for all). Following initiation of insulin therapy, a marked reduction in FABP4 was observed in all children. An FABP4 level of 7.22 ng/ml had a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 78% for the diagnosis of DKA, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% CI 0.6, 0.95; p = 0.008). In a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mouse model, Fabp4-/- mice exhibited marked hypoinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia similar to WT mice but displayed no significant increase in β-hydroxybutyrate and were protected from ketoacidosis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION FABP4 is suggested to be a necessary regulator of ketogenesis in insulin-deficient states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Gruber
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Moran Rathaus
- The Dalia and David Arabov Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Idit Ron
- The Dalia and David Arabov Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Rinat Livne
- The Dalia and David Arabov Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sharon Sheinvald
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ehud Barhod
- The Dalia and David Arabov Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Rina Hemi
- The Dalia and David Arabov Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Amit Tirosh
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- The Dalia and David Arabov Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Tirosh
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
- The Dalia and David Arabov Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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93
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Schadler P, Lohberger B, Thauerer B, Faschingbauer M, Kullich W, Stradner MH, Leithner A, Ritschl V, Omara M, Steinecker-Frohnwieser B. The Association of Blood Biomarkers and Body Mass Index in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cartilage 2022; 13:19476035211069251. [PMID: 35094602 PMCID: PMC9137302 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211069251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite massive efforts, there are no diagnostic blood biomarkers for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study investigated several candidate diagnostic biomarkers and the metabolic phenotype in end-stage KOA in the context of obesity. DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, adult patients undergoing knee arthroplasty were enrolled and KOA severity was assessed using the Lequesne index. Blood biomarkers with an important role in obesity, the metabolic syndrome, or KOA (oxidized form of low-density lipoprotein [oxLDL], advanced glycation end product [AGE], soluble AGE receptor [sRAGE], fatty acid binding protein 4 [FABP4], phospholipase A2 group IIA [PLA2G2A], fibroblast growth factor 23 [FGF-23], ghrelin, leptin, and resistin) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; n = 70) or Luminex technique (subgroup of n = 35). H1-NMR spectroscopy was used for the quantification of metabolite levels (subgroup of n = 31). The hip-knee-ankle angle was assessed. Multivariable and multivariate regression analysis was used to examine the relationship of biomarkers with body mass index (BMI) and KOA severity in complete case and multiple imputation analysis. RESULTS While most of the investigated biomarkers were not associated with KOA severity, FABP4 and leptin were found to correlate with BMI and gender. Resistin was associated with Lequesne index in complete case analysis. Using a targeted metabolomics approach, BMI-dependent changes in the metabolome were hardly visible. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm studies on FABP4, leptin, and resistin with regard to obesity and the metabolic syndrome. There was no association of the investigated biomarkers with KOA severity, most likely due to the patient selection (end-stage KOA patients). Based on this absence of BMI-dependent changes in the metabolome, we might assume that BMI is not correlated with KOA severity in this specific patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schadler
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Lohberger
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Saalfelden, Austria,Birgit Lohberger, Head of the Research Laboratory, Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5-7, Graz 8036, Austria.
| | - Bettina Thauerer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Saalfelden, Austria
| | | | - Werner Kullich
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Saalfelden, Austria
| | - Martin Helmut Stradner
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Leithner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Valentin Ritschl
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maisa Omara
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria,Institute for Outcomes Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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94
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Correlation between Serum Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) Levels and Cardiac Function in Patients with Thalassemia Major. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2021:5130628. [PMID: 34987673 PMCID: PMC8723846 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5130628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with thalassemia major may suffer from complications due to iron overload. It has been suggested that several adipokines may play a potential role in the development of complications in thalassemia. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is one of the adipokines, bridging several aspects of metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Little is known about the relationship between this adipokine and cardiac and liver function, especially in patients with thalassemia major. Aims This study is aimed at determining serum FABP4 levels in patients with thalassemia major and whether its concentration correlated with serum ferritin levels, as well as cardiac and liver function. Methods Thalassemia major outpatients (n = 48) completed laboratory examination, echocardiography, and electrocardiography. Results The mean age was 21.9 ± 8.0 years. A negative and weak correlation between serum ferritin and FABP4 was observed (r = −0.291, p < 0.05). In addition, there was moderate and positive correlation between left atrial volume index (LAVI) and FABP4 (r = 0.316, p < 0.05). Conclusions Serum FABP4 correlated with serum ferritin and cardiac function in patients with thalassemia major. FABP4 may be a potential clinical biomarker for cardiac dysfunction via metabolic and inflammatory pathways due to iron accumulation and toxicity in patients with thalassemia major.
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95
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Min J, Putt ME, Yang W, Bertoni A, Ding J, Lima JA, Allison MA, Barr RG, Al-Naamani N, Patel RB, Beussink-Nelson L, Kawut S, Shah SJ, Freed BH. Association of Pericardial Fat with Cardiac Structure, Function and Mechanics: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2022; 35:579-587.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shen Z, Zhu W, Du L. Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles in the Liver of Rats With Intrauterine Growth Retardation. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:801544. [PMID: 35321016 PMCID: PMC8934861 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.801544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is highly associated with fetal as well as neonatal morbidity, mortality, and an increased risk metabolic disease development later in life. The mechanism involved in the increased risk has not been established. We compared differentially expressed genes between the liver of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and IUGR rat models and identified their effects on molecular pathways involved in the metabolic syndrome. METHODS We extracted RNA from the liver of IUGR and AGA rats and profiled gene expression by microarray analysis. GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database. Then, the Cytoscape software was used to visualize regulatory interaction networks of IUGR-related genes. The results were further verified via quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis. RESULTS In this study, 815 genes were found to be markedly differentially expressed (fold-change >1.5, p < 0.05) between IUGR and AGA, with 347 genes elevated and 468 suppressed in IUGR, relative to AGA. Enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analyses of target genes revealed that core genes including Ppargc1a, Prkaa2, Slc2a1, Rxrg, and Gcgr, and pathways, including the PPAR signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway, had a potential association with metabolic syndrome development in IUGR. We also confirmed that at the mRNA level, five genes involved in glycometabolism were differentially expressed between IUGR and AGA. CONCLUSION Our findings elucidate on differential gene expression profiles in IUGR and AGA. Moreover, they elucidate on the pathogenesis of IUGR-associated metabolic syndromes. The suggested candidates are potential biomarkers and eventually intended to treat them appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhong Du
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neonatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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97
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Tanaka M, Takahashi S, Higashiura Y, Sakai A, Koyama M, Saitoh S, Shimamoto K, Ohnishi H, Furuhashi M. Circulating level of fatty acid-binding protein 4 is an independent predictor of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 13:878-888. [PMID: 34889064 PMCID: PMC9077725 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as hepatosteatosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity or metabolic dysregulation, has been proposed as a new feature of chronic liver disease. Fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipose tissue, and secreted FABP4 is associated with the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between MAFLD and FABP4 has not been fully addressed. Materials and Methods Associations of MAFLD with metabolic markers, including FABP4, fibroblast growth factor 21 and adiponectin, were investigated in 627 individuals (men/women 292/335) in the Tanno‐Sobetsu Study, a population‐based cohort. Results The mean age was 65 years (range 19–98 years, median [interquartile range] 68 [56–76] years). Hepatosteatosis was determined by the fatty liver index (FLI), and FLI ≥35 for men and FLI ≥16 for women were used for detection of fatty liver, as previously reported using 14,471 Japanese individuals. FLI was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and levels of FABP4 (r = 0.331, P < 0.001), fibroblast growth factor 21, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as an insulin resistance index and uric acid, and was negatively correlated with levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin. FABP4 concentration was independently associated with FLI after adjustment of age, sex, systolic blood pressure and levels of uric acid, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 in multivariable regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that FABP4 was an independent predictor of MAFLD after adjustment of age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia, and levels of uric acid, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21. Conclusions FABP4 concentration is independently associated with FLI and is an independent predictor of MAFLD in middle‐aged and elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Saitoh
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Nursing, Division of Medical and Behavioral Subjects, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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98
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Single-cell analysis of salt-induced hypertensive mouse aortae reveals cellular heterogeneity and state changes. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1866-1876. [PMID: 34862465 PMCID: PMC8741768 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00704-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure caused by excessive salt intake is common and associated with cardiovascular diseases in most countries. However, the composition and responses of vascular cells in the progression of hypertension have not been systematically described. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on the aortic arch from C57BL/6J mice fed a chow/high-salt diet. We identified 19 distinct cell populations representing 12 lineages, including smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, endothelial cells (ECs), B cells, and T cells. During the progression of hypertension, the proportion of three SMC subpopulations, two EC subpopulations, and T cells increased. In two EC clusters, the expression of reactive oxygen species-related enzymes, collagen and contractility genes was upregulated. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that three SMC subsets underwent endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. We also constructed intercellular networks and found more frequent cell communication among aortic cells in hypertension and that some signaling pathways were activated during hypertension. Finally, joint public genome-wide association study data and our single-cell RNA-sequencing data showed the expression of hypertension susceptibility genes in ECs, SMCs, and fibroblasts and revealed 21 genes involved in the initiation and development of high-salt-induced hypertension. In conclusion, our data illustrate the transcriptional landscape of vascular cells in the aorta associated with hypertension and reveal dramatic changes in cell composition and intercellular communication during the progression of hypertension.
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99
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Verdonschot JA, Ferreira JP, Pizard A, Pellicori P, La Rocca HPB, Clark AL, Cosmi F, Cuthbert J, Girerd N, Waring OJ, Henkens MH, Mariottoni B, Petutschnigg J, Rossignol P, Hazebroek MR, Cleland JG, Zannad F, Heymans SR. The effect of spironolactone in patients with obesity at risk for heart failure: proteomic insights from the HOMAGE trial. J Card Fail 2021; 28:778-786. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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100
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Schadler P, Lohberger B, Thauerer B, Faschingbauer M, Kullich W, Stradner MH, Husic R, Leithner A, Steinecker-Frohnwieser B. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) Is Associated with Cartilage Thickness in End-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2021; 13:1165S-1173S. [PMID: 34218665 PMCID: PMC8804752 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211011520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no single blood biomarker for the staging of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of obesity, serum biomarkers, the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA) with sonographic cartilage thickness. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of n = 33 patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. Body mass index (BMI) was recorded, and patients were grouped based on BMI. Serum blood samples were collected, and the following biomarkers were measured using the ELISA technique (subgroup of n = 23): oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), membrane-bound phospholipase A2 (PLA2G2A). The HKAA was analyzed on full-length limb standing x-ray images. Cartilage thickness was assessed on ultrasound images. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to account for confounding. RESULTS After adjusting for age, gender, and HKAA, obese patients had thicker medial femoral cartilage (β = 0.165, P = 0.041). Furthermore, lateral cartilage thickness was negatively correlated with FABP4 level after adjusting for of age, gender, BMI, and HKAA (β = -0.006, P = 0.001). Confirming previous studies, after adjustment, FABP4 level was associated with a higher BMI group (β = 42.99, P < 0.001). None of the other markers (oxLDL, PLA2G2A, and sRAGE) was associated with BMI or cartilage thickness. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that BMI has a weak, positive association with cartilage thickness in end-stage KOA patients. FABP4 levels were negatively associated with cartilage thickness. While our study is limited by a small sample size, these results further highlight the role of FABP4 as promising biomarkers of burden of disease in KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schadler
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma,
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,Paul Schadler, Research Laboratory,
Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz,
Auenbruggerplatz 5-7, Graz, 8036, Austria.
| | - Birgit Lohberger
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma,
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for
Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Saalfelden, Austria
| | - Bettina Thauerer
- Department for Rehabilitation, Ludwig
Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Saalfelden, Austria
| | | | - Werner Kullich
- Department for Rehabilitation, Ludwig
Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Saalfelden, Austria
| | - Martin Helmut Stradner
- Division of Rheumatology and
Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz,
Austria
| | - Rusmir Husic
- Division of Rheumatology and
Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz,
Austria
| | - Andreas Leithner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma,
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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