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Juchnicka I, Kuźmicki M, Szamatowicz J. Ceramides and Sphingosino-1-Phosphate in Obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:635995. [PMID: 34054722 PMCID: PMC8158155 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.635995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing worldwide problem, especially in developed countries. This disease adversely affects the quality of life and notably contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disorders. It is characterised by excessive lipids accumulation in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. Considering the secretory function of adipose tissue, this leads to impaired adipokines and cytokines release. Changes in adipose tissue metabolism result in chronic inflammation, pancreatic islets dysfunction and peripheral insulin resistance. In addition to saturating various adipocytes, excess lipids are deposited into non-adipose peripheral tissues, which disturbs cell metabolism and causes a harmful effect known as lipotoxicity. Fatty acids are metabolised into bioactive lipids such as ceramides, from which sphingolipids are formed. Ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are involved in intracellular signalling, cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Studies demonstrate that bioactive lipids have a crucial role in regulating insulin signalling pathways, glucose homeostasis and β cell death. Data suggests that ceramides may have an opposite cellular effect than S1P; however, the role of S1P remains controversial. This review summarises the available data on ceramide and sphingolipid metabolism and their role in obesity.
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102
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Chakraborty A, Hegde S, Praharaj SK, Prabhu K, Patole C, Shetty AK, Mayya SS, Acharya RV, Hande HM, Prabhu MM, Upadhya D. Age Related Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Indian Population and Association of Serum Lipids With Cognitive Dysfunction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:798652. [PMID: 35035379 PMCID: PMC8758578 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.798652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The magnitude of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is ever-increasing in India, and at present, ~77 million people live with diabetes. Studies have established that T2DM increases the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. This study aimed to determine the age-related prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in T2DM patients in the Indian population and to identify link between cognitive dysfunction in T2DM patients and serum lipid composition through untargeted and targeted lipidomic studies. Using a cross-sectional study, we evaluated 1278 T2DM patients with Montreal cognitive assessment test (MoCA) and digit symbol substitution test (DSST) for cognitive functions. As per MoCA, the prevalences of MCI in T2DM patients in age groups below 40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, 71-80 and 81-90 years were 13.7, 20.5, 33.5, 43.7, 57.1 and 75% with DSST scores of 45.8, 41.7, 34.4, 30.5, 24.2 and 18.8% respectively. Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed serum HbA1c ≥ 7.51, duration of T2DM over 20 years, age above 41 years, and females were independent contributors for cognitive dysfunction in T2DM patients. Preliminary studies with untargeted lipidomics of the serum from 20 T2DM patients, including MCI and normal cognition (NC) group, identified a total of 646 lipids. Among the identified lipids, 33 lipids were significantly different between MCI and NC group, which comprised of triglycerides (TGs, 14), sphingolipids (SL, 11), and phosphatidylcholines (PC, 5). Importantly, 10 TGs and 3 PCs containing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower, while 8 sphingolipids were increased in the MCI group. Since brain-derived sphingolipids are known to get enriched in the serum, we further quantified sphingolipids from the same 20 serum samples through targeted lipidomic analysis, which identified a total of 173 lipids. Quantitation revealed elevation of 3 species of ceramides, namely Cer (d18:1_24:1), Hex1Cer (d16:0_22:6), and Hex2Cer (d28:1) in the MCI group compared to the NC group of T2DM patients. Overall, this study demonstrated an age-related prevalence of MCI in T2DM patients and highlighted reduced levels of several species of PUFA containing TGs and PCs and increased levels of specific ceramides in T2DM patients exhibiting MCI. Large-scale lipidomic studies in future could help understand the cognitive dysfunction domain in T2DM patients, while studies with preclinical models are required to understand the functional significance of the identified lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Chakraborty
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sumukha Hegde
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Samir K. Praharaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Krishnananda Prabhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Chhaya Patole
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Institute For Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms Campus, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ashok K. Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas Agricultural and Mechanical (A&M) Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas Agricultural and Mechanical (A&M) Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shreemathi S. Mayya
- Department of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raviraj V. Acharya
- Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - H. Manjunath Hande
- Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - M. Mukhyaprana Prabhu
- Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- *Correspondence: Dinesh Upadhya, ; M. Mukhyaprana Prabhu,
| | - Dinesh Upadhya
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- *Correspondence: Dinesh Upadhya, ; M. Mukhyaprana Prabhu,
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Mah M, Febbraio M, Turpin-Nolan S. Circulating Ceramides- Are Origins Important for Sphingolipid Biomarkers and Treatments? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:684448. [PMID: 34385976 PMCID: PMC8353232 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.684448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are important tools for describing the adequacy or inadequacy of biological processes (to allow for the early and accurate diagnosis) and monitoring the biological effects of intervention strategies (to identify and develop optimal dose and treatment strategies). A number of lipid biomarkers are implicated in metabolic disease and the circulating levels of these biomarkers are used in clinical settings to predict and monitor disease severity. There is convincing evidence that specific circulating ceramide species can be used as biological predictors and markers of cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we review the existing literature that investigated sphingolipids as biomarkers for metabolic disease prediction. What are the advantages and disadvantages? Are circulating ceramides predominantly produced in the liver? Will hepatic sphingolipid inhibitors be able to completely prevent and treat metabolic disease? As sphingolipids are being employed as biomarkers and potential metabolic disease treatments, we explore what is currently known and what still needs to be discovered.
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Abstract
The global prevalence of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, steatohepatitis, myocardial infarction, and stroke has increased dramatically over the past two decades. These obesity-fueled disorders result, in part, from the aberrant accumulation of harmful lipid metabolites in tissues not suited for lipid storage (e.g., the liver, vasculature, heart, and pancreatic beta-cells). Among the numerous lipid subtypes that accumulate, sphingolipids such as ceramides are particularly impactful, as they elicit the selective insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and ultimately cell death that underlie nearly all metabolic disorders. This review summarizes recent findings on the regulatory pathways controlling ceramide production, the molecular mechanisms linking the lipids to these discrete pathogenic events, and exciting attempts to develop therapeutics to reduce ceramide levels to combat metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagirath Chaurasia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA;
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA;
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Apostolopoulou M, Gordillo R, Gancheva S, Strassburger K, Herder C, Esposito I, Schlensak M, Scherer PE, Roden M. Role of ceramide-to-dihydroceramide ratios for insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in humans. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/2/e001860. [PMID: 33219119 PMCID: PMC7682191 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sphingolipid accumulation has been linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A recent study showed that depletion of dihydroceramide desaturase-1 (DES-1) in adipose and/or liver tissue decreases ceramide-to-dihydroceramide ratios (ceramide/dihydroceramide) in several tissues and improves the metabolic profile in mice. We tested the hypothesis that ceramide/dihydroceramide would also be elevated and relate positively to liver fat content and insulin resistance in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thus, we assessed total and specific ceramide/dihydroceramide in various biosamples of 7 lean and 21 obese volunteers without or with different NAFLD stages, who were eligible for abdominal or bariatric surgery, respectively. Biosamples were obtained from serum, liver, rectus abdominis muscle as well as subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue during surgery. RESULTS Surprisingly, certain serum and liver ceramide/dihydroceramide ratios were reduced in both obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and related inversely to liver fat content. Specifically, hepatic ceramide/dihydroceramide (species 16:0) related negatively to hepatic mitochondrial capacity and lipid peroxidation. In visceral adipose tissue, ceramide/dihydroceramide (species 16:0) associated positively with markers of inflammation. CONCLUSION These results failed to confirm the relationships of ceramide/dihydroceramide in humans with different degree of insulin resistance. However, the low hepatic ceramide/dihydroceramide favor a role for dihydroceramide accumulation in NASH, while a specific ceramide/dihydroceramide ratio in visceral adipose tissue suggests a role of ceramides in obesity-associated low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Apostolopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- UT Southwestern Medical Center Touchstone Diabetes Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sofiya Gancheva
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Philipp E Scherer
- UT Southwestern Medical Center Touchstone Diabetes Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Roden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Choi Y, Kim M, Kim SJ, Yoo H, Kim S, Park H. Metabolic shift favoring C18:0 ceramide accumulation in obese asthma. Allergy 2020; 75:2858-2866. [PMID: 32416622 DOI: 10.1111/all.14366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity associated with various complications has increased worldwide. Body weight gain alters lipid metabolites (especially sphingolipids) contributing to obesity-induced inflammation. However, the significance of the metabolites in the development of obese asthma is not yet clear. METHODS The serum levels of sphingolipids were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in obese controls (n = 7) and patients with asthma: the obese group (BMI > 25 kg/m2 , n = 13) vs the nonobese (n = 28) group. To examine the relationship between metabolic changes in sphingolipids and macrophage polarization, public microarray data were analyzed. In addition, the alteration in sphingolipid metabolism was investigated in wild-type BALB/c mice fed a high-fat diet. RESULTS The obese asthma had higher levels of serum C18:0 and C20:0 ceramides than the nonobese asthma group (P = .028 and P = .040, respectively). The value of the serum C18:0 ceramide (184.3 ng/mL) for discriminating the obese asthma from the nonobese asthma group showed 53.9% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity (AUC = 0.721, P = .024). The microarray data showed significantly increased ceramide synthesis and metabolic shift to ceramide accumulation during M1 macrophage polarization in humans. Increased airway hyperresponsiveness, M1 macrophage polarization, and C18:0 ceramide levels were noted in obese mice, but not in nonobese mice. Increased expression of ceramide synthase (CerS) 1 and CerS6 (not CerS2) was noted in lung tissues of obese mice. CONCLUSION Alteration in sphingolipid metabolism favoring ceramide accumulation (especially long-chain ceramides) may contribute to developing obese asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngwoo Choi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyun‐Ju Yoo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Seung‐Hyun Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
| | - Hae‐Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
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107
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Stokman G, van den Hoek AM, Denker Thorbekk D, Pieterman EJ, Skovgård Veidal S, Basta B, Iruarrizaga‐Lejarreta M, van der Hoorn JW, Verschuren L, Berbée JFP, Rensen PCN, Skjæret T, Alonso C, Feigh M, Kastelein JJP, Friedman SL, Princen HMG, Fraser DA. Dual targeting of hepatic fibrosis and atherogenesis by icosabutate, an engineered eicosapentaenoic acid derivative. Liver Int 2020; 40:2860-2876. [PMID: 32841505 PMCID: PMC7702170 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS While fibrosis stage predicts liver-associated mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the major overall cause of mortality in patients with NASH. Novel NASH drugs should thus ideally reduce both liver fibrosis and CVD. Icosabutate is a semi-synthetic, liver-targeted eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) derivative in clinical development for NASH. The primary aims of the current studies were to establish both the anti-fibrotic and anti-atherogenic efficacy of icosabutate in conjunction with changes in lipotoxic and atherogenic lipids in liver and plasma respectively. METHODS The effects of icosabutate on fibrosis progression and lipotoxicity were investigated in amylin liver NASH (AMLN) diet (high fat, cholesterol and fructose) fed ob/ob mice with biopsy-confirmed steatohepatitis and fibrosis and compared with the activity of obeticholic acid. APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice, a translational model for hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis, were used to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the lipid-lowering effect of icosabutate and its effect on atherosclerosis. RESULTS In AMLN ob/ob mice, icosabutate significantly reduced hepatic fibrosis and myofibroblast content in association with downregulation of the arachidonic acid cascade and a reduction in both hepatic oxidised phospholipids and apoptosis. In APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice, icosabutate reduced plasma cholesterol and TAG levels via increased hepatic uptake, upregulated hepatic lipid metabolism and downregulated inflammation pathways, and effectively decreased atherosclerosis development. CONCLUSIONS Icosabutate, a structurally engineered EPA derivative, effectively attenuates both hepatic fibrosis and atherogenesis and offers an attractive therapeutic approach to both liver- and CV-related morbidity and mortality in NASH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Brittany Basta
- Division of Liver DiseasesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | | | | | - Jimmy F. P. Berbée
- Department. of MedicineDivision of EndocrinologyEinthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Department. of MedicineDivision of EndocrinologyEinthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Tore Skjæret
- NorthSea Therapeutics BVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Cristina Alonso
- Division of Liver DiseasesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | - John J. P. Kastelein
- Department of Vascular MedicineAcademic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Scott L. Friedman
- Division of Liver DiseasesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
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Field BC, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. The Role of Ceramides in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Regulation of Ceramides by Adipokines. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:569250. [PMID: 33133017 PMCID: PMC7564167 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.569250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is intertwined with the pathophysiology of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recently, one particular lipid class has been shown to influence the development and sustainment of these diseases: ceramides. As a subtype of sphingolipids, these species are particularly central to many sphingolipid pathways. Increased levels of ceramides are known to correlate with impaired cardiovascular and metabolic health. Furthermore, the interaction between ceramides and adipokines, most notably adiponectin and leptin, appears to play a role in the pathophysiology of these conditions. Adiponectin appears to counteract the detrimental effects of elevated ceramides, largely through activation of the ceramidase activity of its receptors. Elevated ceramides appear to worsen leptin resistance, which is an important phenomenon in the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca C. Field
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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Shon JC, Kim WC, Ryu R, Wu Z, Seo JS, Choi MS, Liu KH. Plasma Lipidomics Reveals Insights into Anti-Obesity Effect of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Leaves and Its Constituent Luteolin in High-Fat Diet-Induced Dyslipidemic Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102973. [PMID: 33003339 PMCID: PMC7650530 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat (CM) is widely used as a traditional medicine and herbal tea by the Asian population for its health benefits related to obesity. However, compared to the flowers of CM, detailed mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of its leaves on obesity and dyslipidemia have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, to investigate the lipidomic biomarkers responsible for the pharmacological effects of CM leaf extract (CLE) in plasma of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), the plasma of mice fed a normal diet (ND), HFD, HFD plus CLE 1.5% diet, and HFD plus luteolin 0.003% diet (LU) for 16 weeks were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) combined with multivariate analysis. In our analysis, the ND, HFD, CLE, and LU groups were clearly differentiated by partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plots. The major metabolites contributing to this differentiation were cholesteryl esters (CEs), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs), ceramides (CERs), and sphingomyelins (SMs). The levels of plasma CEs, LPCs, PCs, SMs, and CERs were significantly increased in the HFD group compared to those in the ND group, and levels of these lipids recovered to normal after administration of CLE or LU. Furthermore, changes in hepatic mRNA expression levels involved in the Kennedy pathway and sphingolipid biosynthesis were also suppressed by treatment with CLE or LU. In conclusion, this study examined the beneficial effects of CLE and LU on obesity and dyslipidemia, which were demonstrated as reduced synthesis of lipotoxic intermediates. These results may provide valuable insights towards evaluating the therapeutic effects of CLE and LU and understanding obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Cheol Shon
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 52834, Korea; (J.C.S.); (J.-S.S.)
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (W.C.K.); (Z.W.)
| | - Won Cheol Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (W.C.K.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ri Ryu
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea;
| | - Zhexue Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (W.C.K.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jong-Su Seo
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 52834, Korea; (J.C.S.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.C.); (K.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-53-950-6232 (M.-S.C.); +82-53-950-8567 (K.-H.L.); Fax: +82-53-950-8557 (M.-S.C. & K.-H.L.)
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (W.C.K.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.-S.C.); (K.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-53-950-6232 (M.-S.C.); +82-53-950-8567 (K.-H.L.); Fax: +82-53-950-8557 (M.-S.C. & K.-H.L.)
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110
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Lair B, Laurens C, Van Den Bosch B, Moro C. Novel Insights and Mechanisms of Lipotoxicity-Driven Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6358. [PMID: 32887221 PMCID: PMC7504171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies reported an association between elevated circulating and tissue lipid content and metabolic disorders in obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and aging. This state of uncontrolled tissue lipid accumulation has been called lipotoxicity. It was later shown that excess lipid flux is mainly neutralized within lipid droplets as triglycerides, while several bioactive lipid species such as diacylglycerols (DAGs), ceramides and their derivatives have been mechanistically linked to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) by antagonizing insulin signaling and action in metabolic organs such as the liver and skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle and the liver are the main sites of glucose disposal in the body and IR in these tissues plays a pivotal role in the development of T2D. In this review, we critically examine recent literature supporting a causal role of DAGs and ceramides in the development of IR. A particular emphasis is placed on transgenic mouse models with modulation of total DAG and ceramide pools, as well as on modulation of specific subspecies, in relation to insulin sensitivity. Collectively, although a wide number of studies converge towards the conclusion that both DAGs and ceramides cause IR in metabolic organs, there are still some uncertainties on their mechanisms of action. Recent studies reveal that subcellular localization and acyl chain composition are determinants in the biological activity of these lipotoxic lipids and should be further examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lair
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France; (B.L.); (C.L.); (B.V.D.B.)
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31330 Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Laurens
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France; (B.L.); (C.L.); (B.V.D.B.)
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31330 Toulouse, France
| | - Bram Van Den Bosch
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France; (B.L.); (C.L.); (B.V.D.B.)
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31330 Toulouse, France
| | - Cedric Moro
- INSERM, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France; (B.L.); (C.L.); (B.V.D.B.)
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31330 Toulouse, France
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111
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Seah JYH, Chew WS, Torta F, Khoo CM, Wenk MR, Herr DR, Choi H, Tai ES, van Dam RM. Plasma sphingolipids and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale lipidomic analysis. Metabolomics 2020; 16:89. [PMID: 32816082 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sphingolipids are a diverse class of lipids with various roles in cell functions and subclasses such as ceramides have been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in previous studies. OBJECTIVES We aimed to measure molecularly-distinct sphingolipids via a large-scale lipidomic analysis and expand the literature to an Asian population. METHODS We performed a lipidomics evaluation of 79 molecularly distinct sphingolipids in the plasma of 2627 ethnically-Chinese Singaporeans. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 12.9 years, we documented 152 cases of major CVD (non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death). Total ceramide concentrations were not associated with CVD risk [hazard ratio (HR), 0.99; 95% CI 0.81-1.21], but higher circulating total monohexosylceramides (HR, 1.22; 95% CI 1.03, 1.45), total long-chain sphingolipids (C16-C18) (HR, 1.22; 95% CI 1.02, 1.45) and total 18:1 sphingolipids (HR, 1.21; 95% CI 1.01, 1.46) were associated with higher CVD risk after adjusting for conventional CVD risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support the hypothesis that higher ceramide concentrations are linked to higher CVD risk, but suggest that other classes of sphingolipids may affect CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowy Yi Hoong Seah
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, NUS, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
| | - Wee Siong Chew
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, NUS, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Chin Meng Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS and National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, NUS, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, NUS, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Hyungwon Choi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS and National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS and National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore (NUS), 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, NUS, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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112
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Pan W, Li L, Sun M, Wang C, Fang S, Yu B. Plasma ceramides are associated with coronary atherosclerotic burden in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2020; 320:155-160. [PMID: 32800902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma ceramides (Cer), a subset of bioactive lipids, have mechanistic links to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) pathogenesis and are related to major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the associations between plasma Cer and atherosclerotic burden evaluated by Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score. METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective series of 248 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing interventional procedures and plasma ceramides measurement were enrolled. Rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q-TOF/MS) was used to evaluate plasma Cer concentrations. SYNTAX score was automatically calculated on the SYNTAX website (http://www.syntaxscore.com/). Patients with STEMI had higher plasma MACEs-related ceramide levels than normal donors (p < .001). Pearson correlation analysis showed positive correlations between SYNTAX score and Cer(d18:1/16:0) (r = 0.176, p = .006), Cer(d18:1/18:0) (r = 0.290, p < .001), Cer(d18:1/24:1) (r = 0.209, p = .001) and Cer(d18:1/24:0) (r = 0.134, p = .036). Adjustments for all traditional risks, higher Cer(d18:1/16:0) level (per SD increase, β (95%CI) =10.681 (1.912-19.923), p = .032), Cer(d18:1/18:0) level (per SD increase, β (95%CI) =38.830 (15.444-62.126), p = .001), Cer(d18:1/24:1) level (per SD increase, β (95%CI) =6.122 (1.640-10.605), p = .008) (except for and Cer(d18:1/24:0) level (per SD increase, β (95%CI) =0.999 (-0.508-2.506), p = .193)) were independently associated with higher levels of SYNTAX score. CONCLUSIONS Elevated plasma levels of Cer (d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1)) are independent predictors for a high atherosclerotic burden in patients with STEMI. Our findings provide evidence supporting proatherogenic roles of Cer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Longyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Unit 962 Hospital, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shaohong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.
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113
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Poss AM, Summers SA. Too Much of a Good Thing? An Evolutionary Theory to Explain the Role of Ceramides in NAFLD. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:505. [PMID: 32849291 PMCID: PMC7411076 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which ranges from the relatively benign and reversible fatty liver (NAFL) to the more advanced and deadly steatohepatitis (NASH), affects a remarkably high percentage of adults in the population. Depending upon severity, NAFLD can increase one's risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Though the dominant histological feature of all forms of the disease is the accumulation of liver triglycerides, these molecules are likely not pathogenic, but rather serve to protect the liver from the damaging consequences of overnutrition. We propose herein that the less abundant ceramides, through evolutionarily-conserved actions intended to help organisms adapt to nutrient excess, drive the cellular events that define NAFL/NASH. In early stages of the disease process, they promote lipid uptake and storage, whilst inhibiting utilization of glucose. In later stages, they stimulate hepatocyte apoptosis and fibrosis. In rodents, blocking ceramide synthesis ameliorates all stages of NAFLD. In humans, serum and liver ceramides correlate with the severity of NAFLD and its comorbidities diabetes and heart disease. These studies identify key roles for ceramides in these hepatic manifestations of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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114
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Dahik VD, Frisdal E, Le Goff W. Rewiring of Lipid Metabolism in Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity: Impact on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155505. [PMID: 32752107 PMCID: PMC7432680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its two major comorbidities, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, represent worldwide health issues whose incidence is predicted to steadily rise in the coming years. Obesity is characterized by an accumulation of fat in metabolic tissues resulting in chronic inflammation. It is now largely accepted that adipose tissue inflammation underlies the etiology of these disorders. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) represent the most enriched immune fraction in hypertrophic, chronically inflamed adipose tissue, and these cells play a key role in diet-induced type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. ATMs are triggered by the continuous influx of dietary lipids, among other stimuli; however, how these lipids metabolically activate ATM depends on their nature, composition and localization. This review will discuss the fate and molecular programs elicited within obese ATMs by both exogenous and endogenous lipids, as they mediate the inflammatory response and promote or hamper the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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115
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Raichur S. Ceramide Synthases Are Attractive Drug Targets for Treating Metabolic Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 32849276 PMCID: PMC7403459 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide synthases (CerS) are central enzymes required for the de-novo synthesis of ceramides and other sphingolipids. They catalyze the addition of different acyl-chains to a sphingoid base, and thus account for much of the rich diversity in the sphingolipid family. Recent studies have demonstrated that the acyl-chain is an important determinant of ceramide function, such that a small subset of ceramides (e.g., those containing the C16 or C18 acyl-chain) alter metabolism by inhibiting insulin signaling or inducing mitochondrial fragmentation. Herein I discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting certain ceramide synthase isoforms for the treatment of obesity, insulin resistance, steatohepatitis, and other metabolic disorders.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Studies have identified several effects of bile acids (BAs) in glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, and body weight control, through receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms. BAs are produced from cholesterol and characterized by their structures, which result from enzymes in the liver and the gut microbiota. The aim of this review is to characterize the effects of BA structure and composition on diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS The hydroxyl groups of BAs interact with binding pockets of receptors and enzymes that affect glucose homeostasis. Human and animal studies show that BA composition is associated with insulin resistance and food intake regulation. The hydroxylation of BAs and BA composition contributes to glucose regulation. Modulation of BA composition has the potential to improve glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei Higuchi
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Russ Berrie Pavilion, Room 315, 1150 St. Nicholas Ave., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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117
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Altered Metabolome of Lipids and Amino Acids Species: A Source of Early Signature Biomarkers of T2DM. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072257. [PMID: 32708684 PMCID: PMC7409008 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a disease of modern civilization, is considered the major mainstay of mortalities around the globe. A great number of biochemical changes have been proposed to occur at metabolic levels between perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism to finally diagnoe diabetes mellitus. This window period, which varies from person to person, provides us with a unique opportunity for early detection, delaying, deferral and even prevention of diabetes. The early detection of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia is based upon the detection and identification of biomarkers originating from perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. The emerging “OMICS” technologies, such as metabolomics coupled with statistical and bioinformatics tools, proved to be quite useful to study changes in physiological and biochemical processes at the metabolic level prior to an eventual diagnosis of DM. Approximately 300–400 such metabolites have been reported in the literature and are considered as predicting or risk factor-reporting metabolic biomarkers for this metabolic disorder. Most of these metabolites belong to major classes of lipids, amino acids and glucose. Therefore, this review represents a snapshot of these perturbed plasma/serum/urinary metabolic biomarkers showing a significant correlation with the future onset of diabetes and providing a foundation for novel early diagnosis and monitoring the progress of metabolic syndrome at early symptomatic stages. As most metabolites also find their origin from gut microflora, metabolism and composition of gut microflora also vary between healthy and diabetic persons, so we also summarize the early changes in the gut microbiome which can be used for the early diagnosis of diabetes.
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118
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Anand PK. Lipids, inflammasomes, metabolism, and disease. Immunol Rev 2020; 297:108-122. [PMID: 32562313 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multi-protein complexes that regulate the cleavage of cysteine protease caspase-1, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and induction of inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis. Several members of the nod-like receptor family assemble inflammasome in response to specific ligands. An exception to this is the NLRP3 inflammasome which is activated by structurally diverse entities. Recent studies have suggested that NLRP3 might be a sensor of cellular homeostasis, and any perturbation in distinct metabolic pathways results in the activation of this inflammasome. Lipid metabolism is exceedingly important in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and it is recognized that cells and tissues undergo extensive lipid remodeling during activation and disease. Some lipids are involved in instigating chronic inflammatory diseases, and new studies have highlighted critical upstream roles for lipids, particularly cholesterol, in regulating inflammasome activation implying key functions for inflammasomes in diseases with defective lipid metabolism. The focus of this review is to highlight how lipids regulate inflammasome activation and how this leads to the progression of inflammatory diseases. The key roles of cholesterol metabolism in the activation of inflammasomes have been comprehensively discussed. Besides, the roles of oxysterols, fatty acids, phospholipids, and lipid second messengers are also summarized in the context of inflammasomes. The overriding theme is that lipid metabolism has numerous but complex functions in inflammasome activation. A detailed understanding of this area will help us develop therapeutic interventions for diseases where dysregulated lipid metabolism is the underlying cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras K Anand
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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119
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Tan-Chen S, Bourron O, Hajduch É. [Ceramides, crucial actors in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes]. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36:497-503. [PMID: 32452372 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In healthy subjects, the balance between glucose production and its usage is precisely controlled. When circulating glucose reaches a critical threshold, pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin, which has two major actions: lowering circulating glucose concentrations by facilitating its uptake mainly in skeletal muscles and the liver, and inhibiting glucose production. Triglycerides are the main source of fatty acids to meet the energy needs of oxidative tissues and any excess is stored in adipocytes. Thus, adipose tissue acts as a trap for excess fatty acids released from plasma triglycerides. When the buffering action of adipose tissue to store fatty acids is impaired, they accumulate in other tissues where they are metabolized in several lipid species, including sphingolipid derivatives such as ceramides. Numerous studies have shown that ceramides are among the most active lipid second messengers to inhibit insulin signalling. This review describes the major role played by ceramides in the development of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 18 rue de l'École de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France - Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bourron
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 18 rue de l'École de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France - Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France - Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Éric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 18 rue de l'École de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France - Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
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120
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Relationship between elevated plasma ceramides and plaque rupture in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2020; 302:8-14. [PMID: 32387714 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Ceramides (Cer) are an atherogenic substance. However, the associations between specific plasma Cer levels and culprit plaque morphology in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients are unclear. METHODS The study consisted of two parallel cohorts. 100 consecutive patients with STEMI were screened as discovery cohort. In the validation cohort, we separately screened 30 normal donors, 30 stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 315 STEMI patients. All STEMI patients underwent emergency percutaneous intervention (PCI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination for culprit plaque. Based on established diagnostic criteria, STEMI patients were classified into plaque rupture (PR) and plaque erosion (PE) group, respectively. Rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q-TOF/MS) was used to evaluate plasma Cer levels of the screened patients. RESULTS STEMI patients had higher plasma Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/24:1) and Cer(d18:1/24:0) levels than normal donors and SAP patients (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Plasma Cer levels were significantly higher in STEMI patients with PR than with PE (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.008 and p = 0.006, respectively). The frequency of PR increased with increasing tertiles of plasma Cer (adjusted p for trend = 0.004, 0.044, 0.021 and 0.133, respectively). The fully adjusted per SD odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for PR were 9.375 (2.496-35.215) for Cer(d18:1/16:0), 3.586 (1.588-8.089) for Cer(d18:1/18:0), 8.171 (1.764-37.857) for Cer(d18:1/24:1), and 3.831 (1.288-11.289) for Cer(d18:1/24:10). CONCLUSIONS The study documented novel, positive and independent associations between plasma Cer concentrations and the presence of PR, suggesting plasma Cer may act as potential biomarkers for PR to improve risk stratification.
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121
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Hammerschmidt P, Ostkotte D, Nolte H, Gerl MJ, Jais A, Brunner HL, Sprenger HG, Awazawa M, Nicholls HT, Turpin-Nolan SM, Langer T, Krüger M, Brügger B, Brüning JC. CerS6-Derived Sphingolipids Interact with Mff and Promote Mitochondrial Fragmentation in Obesity. Cell 2020; 177:1536-1552.e23. [PMID: 31150623 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic lipid deposition and altered mitochondrial dynamics contribute to the development of obesity and insulin resistance. However, the mechanistic link between these processes remained unclear. Here we demonstrate that the C16:0 sphingolipid synthesizing ceramide synthases, CerS5 and CerS6, affect distinct sphingolipid pools and that abrogation of CerS6 but not of CerS5 protects from obesity and insulin resistance. We identify proteins that specifically interact with C16:0 sphingolipids derived from CerS5 or CerS6. Here, only CerS6-derived C16:0 sphingolipids bind the mitochondrial fission factor (Mff). CerS6 and Mff deficiency protect from fatty acid-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in vitro, and the two proteins genetically interact in vivo in obesity-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and development of insulin resistance. Our experiments reveal an unprecedented specificity of sphingolipid signaling depending on specific synthesizing enzymes, provide a mechanistic link between hepatic lipid deposition and mitochondrial fragmentation in obesity, and define the CerS6-derived sphingolipid/Mff interaction as a therapeutic target for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hammerschmidt
- Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne
| | - Daniela Ostkotte
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathias J Gerl
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Current address: Lipotype GmbH, Tatzberg 47, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Jais
- Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne
| | - Hanna L Brunner
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Sprenger
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Motoharu Awazawa
- Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne
| | - Hayley T Nicholls
- Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne
| | - Sarah M Turpin-Nolan
- Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne
| | - Thomas Langer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9B, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens C Brüning
- Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne; National Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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Pan W, Dong H, Sun R, Zhao L, Sun M, Li L, Yu X, Liu J, Wu J, Yang F, Yu B. Plasma Ceramides in Relation to Coronary Plaque Characterization Determined by Optical Coherence Tomography. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 14:140-149. [PMID: 32212040 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-09978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasma ceramides (Cer), a subset of bioactive lipids, have mechanistic links to development of atherosclerosis and are related to major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Previous researches have demonstrated vulnerable plaques contribute to acute cardiovascular events and poor prognosis. This study aimed to explore the associations between Cer and culprit plaque characterizations evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT). It was found that plasma Cer are associated with culprit plaque vulnerability evaluated by OCT, providing evidence supporting proatherogenic roles and potential to act as markers for plaque vulnerability of Cer. Graphical Abstract With increasing plasma ceramide levels, the prevalence of thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) and plaque rupture (PR) is higher, that is, culprit plaques are more vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Longyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Unit 962 Hospital, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xianghao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China.
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Jennemann R, Kaden S, Volz M, Nordström V, Herzer S, Sandhoff R, Gröne HJ. Gangliosides modulate insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells under glucose stress. Glycobiology 2020; 30:722-734. [PMID: 32149357 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In pancreatic beta cells, the entry of glucose and downstream signaling for insulin release is regulated by the glucose transporter 2 (Glut2) in rodents. Dysfunction of the insulin-signaling cascade may lead to diabetes mellitus. Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids (GSLs), have been reported to modulate the function of several membrane proteins.Murine islets express predominantly sialylated GSLs, particularly the simple gangliosides GM3 and GD3 having a potential modulatory role in Glut2 activity. Conditional, tamoxifen-inducible gene targeting in pancreatic islets has now shown that mice lacking the glucosylceramide synthase (Ugcg), which represents the rate-limiting enzyme in GSL biosynthesis, displayed impaired glucose uptake and showed reduced insulin secretion. Consequently, mice with pancreatic GSL deficiency had higher blood glucose levels than respective controls after intraperitoneal glucose application. High-fat diet feeding enhanced this effect. GSL-deficient islets did not show apoptosis or ER stress and displayed a normal ultrastructure. Their insulin content, size and number were similar as in control islets. Isolated beta cells from GM3 synthase null mice unable to synthesize GM3 and GD3 also showed lower glucose uptake than respective control cells, corroborating the results obtained from the cell-specific model. We conclude that in particular the negatively charged gangliosides GM3 and GD3 of beta cells positively influence Glut2 function to adequately respond to high glucose loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Jennemann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Lipid Pathobiochemistry Group, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Sylvia Kaden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Martina Volz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Viola Nordström
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Silke Herzer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Roger Sandhoff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Lipid Pathobiochemistry Group, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 2 Marburg 35043, Germany
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124
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Poss AM, Maschek JA, Cox JE, Hauner BJ, Hopkins PN, Hunt SC, Holland WL, Summers SA, Playdon MC. Machine learning reveals serum sphingolipids as cholesterol-independent biomarkers of coronary artery disease. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1363-1376. [PMID: 31743112 PMCID: PMC7269567 DOI: 10.1172/jci131838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDCeramides are sphingolipids that play causative roles in diabetes and heart disease, with their serum levels measured clinically as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD).METHODSWe performed targeted lipidomics on serum samples from individuals with familial coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 462) and population-based controls (n = 212) to explore the relationship between serum sphingolipids and CAD, using unbiased machine learning to identify sphingolipid species positively associated with CAD.RESULTSNearly every sphingolipid measured (n = 30 of 32) was significantly elevated in subjects with CAD compared with measurements in population controls. We generated a novel sphingolipid-inclusive CAD risk score, termed SIC, that demarcates patients with CAD independently and more effectively than conventional clinical CVD biomarkers including serum LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. This new metric comprises several minor lipids that likely serve as measures of flux through the ceramide biosynthesis pathway rather than the abundant deleterious ceramide species that are included in other ceramide-based scores.CONCLUSIONThis study validates serum ceramides as candidate biomarkers of CVD and suggests that comprehensive sphingolipid panels should be considered as measures of CVD.FUNDINGThe NIH (DK112826, DK108833, DK115824, DK116888, and DK116450); the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF 3-SRA-2019-768-A-B); the American Diabetes Association; the American Heart Association; the Margolis Foundation; the National Cancer Institute, NIH (5R00CA218694-03); and the Huntsman Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA040214).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise M. Poss
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - J. Alan Maschek
- Department of Biochemistry
- Metabolomics Core Research Facility
- Proteomics Core Research Facility, and
| | - James E. Cox
- Department of Biochemistry
- Metabolomics Core Research Facility
- Proteomics Core Research Facility, and
| | - Benedikt J. Hauner
- Division of Cancer Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul N. Hopkins
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - William L. Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mary C. Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Cancer Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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125
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Morita Y, Kurano M, Sakai E, Nishikawa T, Nishikawa M, Sawabe M, Aoki J, Yatomi Y. Analysis of urinary sphingolipids using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:441-449. [PMID: 31580528 PMCID: PMC7078086 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Sphingolipids, such as ceramides and sphingosine, are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes; however, the modulation of urinary sphingolipids in diabetic nephropathy has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to develop a simultaneous measurement system for urinary sphingolipids using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and to elucidate the modulation of urinary sphingolipids in diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a simultaneous measurement system for the urinary sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and six ceramide species (Cer d18:1/16:0, Cer d18:1/18:0, Cer d18:1/18:1, Cer d18:1/20:0, Cer d18:1/22:0 and Cer d18:1/24:0), and we examined the urinary sphingolipids in 64 type 2 diabetes patients and 15 control participants. RESULTS The established measurement system for the urinary sphingolipids showed good precision for Cer d18:1/16:0, Cer d18:1/20:0, Cer d18:1/22:0 and Cer d18:1/24:0. We observed that the urinary levels of Cer d18:1/16:0, Cer d18:1/18:0, Cer d18:1/20:0, Cer d18:1/22:0 and Cer d18:1/24:0 were elevated in patients with stage 3 of diabetic nephropathy, and were correlated with urinary biomarkers, such as albumin and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, and sediment score. CONCLUSIONS Our method is useful for the measurement of ceramide in urine specimens, and urinary ceramides might be associated with the pathological condition of diabetic nephropathy, such as renal tubular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Morita
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Eri Sakai
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Takako Nishikawa
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Masako Nishikawa
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Motoji Sawabe
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular BiochemistryGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTohoku UniversityMiyagiJapan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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Fugio LB, Coeli-Lacchini FB, Leopoldino AM. Sphingolipids and Mitochondrial Dynamic. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030581. [PMID: 32121501 PMCID: PMC7140523 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, sphingolipids have been related to several biological functions such as immune system regulation, cell survival, and proliferation. Recently, it has been reported that sphingolipids could be biomarkers in cancer and in other human disorders such as metabolic diseases. This is evidenced by the biological complexity of the sphingolipids associated with cell type-specific signaling and diverse sphingolipids molecules. As mitochondria dynamics have serious implications in homeostasis, in the present review, we focused on the relationship between sphingolipids, mainly ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate, and mitochondrial dynamics directed by fission, fusion, and mitophagy. There is evidence that the balances of ceramides (C18 and C16) and S1P, as well as the location of specific ceramide synthases in mitochondria, have roles in mitophagy and fission with an impact on cell fate and metabolism. However, signaling pathways controlling the sphingolipids metabolism and their location in mitochondria need to be better understood in order to propose new interventions and therapeutic strategies.
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127
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Beyene HB, Hamley S, Giles C, Huynh K, Smith A, Cinel M, Mellet NA, Morales-Scholz MG, Kloosterman D, Howlett KF, Kowalski GM, Shaw CS, Magliano DJ, Bruce CR, Meikle PJ. Mapping the Associations of the Plasma Lipidome With Insulin Resistance and Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5722002. [PMID: 32016362 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Insulin resistance (IR) remains a global health challenge. Lipidomics offers an opportunity to identify biomarkers and better understand mechanisms of IR associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to determine plasma lipid species associated with indices of IR and evaluate the lipidome response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). DESIGN AND SETTING This study was community based and cross-sectional. PARTICIPANTS AND SAMPLE Plasma samples (collected at 0 and 120 min during an OGTT) from nonobese, young adults age 18 to 34 years (n = 246) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The associations between indices of IR and lipid classes and species (with a sex interaction term), or changes in lipid levels during an OGTT, were tested using linear models (adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides). RESULTS Some (213) and (199) lipid species were associated with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and insulin area under curve (AUC), respectively. Alkylphosphatidylcholine (10), alkenylphosphatidylcholine (23), and alkylphosphatidylethanolamine (6) species were associated with insulin AUC in men only. Species of phosphatidylcholine (7) and sphingomyelin (5) were associated in women only. In response to an OGTT, a perturbation in the plasma lipidome, particularly in acylcarnitine species, was observed; and the changes in many lipid species were associated with insulin AUC. CONCLUSIONS The plasma lipidome and changes in lipid levels during an OGTT were associated with indices of IR. These findings underlie the involvement of molecular lipid species in the pathogenesis of IR and possibly crosstalk between IR and sex-specific regulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu B Beyene
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Hamley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Corey Giles
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexander Smith
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Cinel
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie A Mellet
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria G Morales-Scholz
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle Kloosterman
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten F Howlett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greg M Kowalski
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher S Shaw
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clinton R Bruce
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Nicholson RJ, Pezzolesi MG, Summers SA. Rotten to the Cortex: Ceramide-Mediated Lipotoxicity in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:622692. [PMID: 33584550 PMCID: PMC7876379 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.622692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent and progressive comorbidity of diabetes mellitus that increases one's risk of developing renal failure. Progress toward development of better DKD therapeutics is limited by an incomplete understanding of forces driving and connecting the various features of DKD, which include renal steatosis, fibrosis, and microvascular dysfunction. Herein we review the literature supporting roles for bioactive ceramides as inducers of local and systemic DKD pathology. In rodent models of DKD, renal ceramides are elevated, and genetic and pharmacological ceramide-lowering interventions improve kidney function and ameliorate DKD histopathology. In humans, circulating sphingolipid profiles distinguish human DKD patients from diabetic controls. These studies highlight the potential for ceramide to serve as a central and therapeutically tractable lipid mediator of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah J. Nicholson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Marcus G. Pezzolesi
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Scott A. Summers,
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Kovilakath A, Jamil M, Cowart LA. Sphingolipids in the Heart: From Cradle to Grave. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:652. [PMID: 33042014 PMCID: PMC7522163 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and this has largely been driven by the increase in metabolic disease in recent decades. Metabolic disease alters metabolism, distribution, and profiles of sphingolipids in multiple organs and tissues; as such, sphingolipid metabolism and signaling have been vigorously studied as contributors to metabolic pathophysiology in various pathological outcomes of obesity, including cardiovascular disease. Much experimental evidence suggests that targeting sphingolipid metabolism may be advantageous in the context of cardiometabolic disease. The heart, however, is a structurally and functionally complex organ where bioactive sphingolipids have been shown not only to mediate pathological processes, but also to contribute to essential functions in cardiogenesis and cardiac function. Additionally, some sphingolipids are protective in the context of ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition to mechanistic contributions, untargeted lipidomics approaches used in recent years have identified some specific circulating sphingolipids as novel biomarkers in the context of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize recent literature on both deleterious and beneficial contributions of sphingolipids to cardiogenesis and myocardial function as well as recent identification of novel sphingolipid biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk prediction and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Maryam Jamil
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lauren Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lauren Ashley Cowart
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130
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van den Hoek AM, Pieterman EJ, van der Hoorn JW, Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta M, Alonso C, Verschuren L, Skjæret T, Princen HMG, Fraser DA. Icosabutate Exerts Beneficial Effects Upon Insulin Sensitivity, Hepatic Inflammation, Lipotoxicity, and Fibrosis in Mice. Hepatol Commun 2019; 4:193-207. [PMID: 32025605 PMCID: PMC6996349 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Icosabutate is a structurally engineered eicosapentaenoic acid derivative under development for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we investigated the absorption and distribution properties of icosabutate in relation to liver targeting and used rodents to evaluate the effects of icosabutate on glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, as well as hepatic steatosis, inflammation, lipotoxicity, and fibrosis. The absorption, tissue distribution, and excretion of icosabutate was investigated in rats along with its effects in mouse models of insulin resistance (ob/ob) and metabolic inflammation/NASH (high‐fat/cholesterol‐fed APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice) and efficacy was compared with synthetic peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPAR‐α) (fenofibrate) and/or PPAR‐γ/(α) (pioglitazone and rosiglitazone) agonists. Icosabutate was absorbed almost entirely through the portal vein, resulting in rapid hepatic accumulation. Icosabutate demonstrated potent insulin‐sensitizing effects in ob/ob mice, and unlike fenofibrate or pioglitazone, it significantly reduced plasma alanine aminotransferase. In high‐fat/cholesterol‐fed APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice, icosabutate, but not rosiglitazone, reduced microvesicular steatosis and hepatocellular hypertrophy. Although both rosiglitazone and icosabutate reduced hepatic inflammation, only icosabutate elicited antifibrotic effects in association with decreased hepatic concentrations of multiple lipotoxic lipid species and an oxidative stress marker. Hepatic gene‐expression analysis confirmed the changes in lipid metabolism, inflammatory and fibrogenic response, and energy metabolism, and revealed the involved upstream regulators. In conclusion, icosabutate selectively targets the liver through the portal vein and demonstrates broad beneficial effects following insulin sensitivity, hepatic microvesicular steatosis, inflammation, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. Icosabutate therefore offers a promising approach to the treatment of both dysregulated glucose/lipid metabolism and inflammatory disorders of the liver, including NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita M van den Hoek
- Department of Metabolic Health Research The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Elsbet J Pieterman
- Department of Metabolic Health Research The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Leiden the Netherlands
| | - José W van der Hoorn
- Department of Metabolic Health Research The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Leiden the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Lars Verschuren
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Zeist the Netherlands
| | - Tore Skjæret
- NorthSea Therapeutics BV Naarden the Netherlands
| | - Hans M G Princen
- Department of Metabolic Health Research The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Leiden the Netherlands
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Torretta E, Barbacini P, Al-Daghri NM, Gelfi C. Sphingolipids in Obesity and Correlated Co-Morbidities: The Contribution of Gender, Age and Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235901. [PMID: 31771303 PMCID: PMC6929069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews our present knowledge on the contribution of ceramide (Cer), sphingomyelin (SM), dihydroceramide (DhCer) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in obesity and related co-morbidities. Specifically, in this paper, we address the role of acyl chain composition in bodily fluids for monitoring obesity in males and females, in aging persons and in situations of environmental hypoxia adaptation. After a brief introduction on sphingolipid synthesis and compartmentalization, the node of detection methods has been critically revised as the node of the use of animal models. The latter do not recapitulate the human condition, making it difficult to compare levels of sphingolipids found in animal tissues and human bodily fluids, and thus, to find definitive conclusions. In human subjects, the search for putative biomarkers has to be performed on easily accessible material, such as serum. The serum “sphingolipidome” profile indicates that attention should be focused on specific acyl chains associated with obesity, per se, since total Cer and SM levels coupled with dyslipidemia and vitamin D deficiency can be confounding factors. Furthermore, exposure to hypoxia indicates a relationship between dyslipidemia, obesity, oxygen level and aerobic/anaerobic metabolism, thus, opening new research avenues in the role of sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (P.B.)
| | - Pietro Barbacini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (P.B.)
- Ph.D. school in Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department,College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (P.B.)
- I.R.C.C.S Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-025-033-0475
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Summers SA. Ceramides: Nutrient Signals that Drive Hepatosteatosis. J Lipid Atheroscler 2019; 9:50-65. [PMID: 32821721 PMCID: PMC7379074 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are minor components of the hepatic lipidome that have major effects on liver function. These products of lipid and protein metabolism accumulate when the energy needs of the hepatocyte have been met and its storage capacity is full, such that free fatty acids start to couple to the sphingoid backbone rather than the glycerol moiety that is the scaffold for glycerolipids (e.g., triglycerides) or the carnitine moiety that shunts them into mitochondria. As ceramides accrue, they initiate actions that protect cells from acute increases in detergent-like fatty acids; for example, they alter cellular substrate preference from glucose to lipids and they enhance triglyceride storage. When prolonged, these ceramide actions cause insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis, 2 of the underlying drivers of cardiometabolic diseases. Herein the author discusses the mechanisms linking ceramides to the development of insulin resistance, hepatosteatosis and resultant cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Yang RX, Pan Q, Liu XL, Zhou D, Xin FZ, Zhao ZH, Zhang RN, Zeng J, Qiao L, Hu CX, Xu GW, Fan JG. Therapeutic effect and autophagy regulation of myriocin in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:179. [PMID: 31639005 PMCID: PMC6805575 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ceramide plays pathogenic roles in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via multiple mechanisms, and as such inhibition of ceramide de novo synthesis in the liver may be of therapeutically beneficial in patients with NAFLD. In this study, we aimed to explore whether inhibition of ceramide signaling by myriocin is beneficial in animal model of NAFLD via regulating autophagy. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: standard chow (n = 10), high-fat diet (HFD) (n = 10) or HFD combined with oral administration of myriocin (0.3 mg/kg on alternate days for 8 weeks) (n = 10). Liver histology and autophagy function were measured. HepG2 cells were incubated with fatty acid with or without myriocin treatment. Lipid accumulation and autophagy markers in the HepG2 cells were analyzed. Serum ceramide changes were studied in 104 subjects consisting healthy adults, liver biopsy-proven patients with NAFLD and liver biopsy-proven patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). RESULTS Myriocin reversed the elevated body weight and serum transaminases and alleviated dyslipidemia in HFD fed rats. Myriocin treatment significantly attenuated liver pathology including steatosis, lobular inflammation and ballooning. By qPCR analysis, it was revealed that myriocin corrected the expression pattern of fatty acid metabolism associated genes including Fabp1, Pparα, Cpt-1α and Acox-2. Further, myriocin also restored the impaired hepatic autophagy function in rats with HFD-induced NASH, and this has been verified in HepG2 cells. Among the sphingolipid species that we screened in lipidomic profiles, significantly increased ceramide was observed in NASH patients as compared to the controls and non-NASH patients, regardless of whether or not they have active CHB. CONCLUSIONS Ceramide may play an important regulatory role in the autophagy function in the pathogenesis of NASH. Hence, blockade of ceramide signaling by myriocin may be of therapeutically beneficial in NASH. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration ID: ChiCTR-DDT-13003983 . Data of registration: 13 May, 2013, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xu Yang
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qin Pan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Liu
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Da Zhou
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Feng-Zhi Xin
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ze-Hua Zhao
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Rui-Nan Zhang
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, the University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Chun-Xiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guo-Wang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Le Barz M, Boulet MM, Calzada C, Cheillan D, Michalski MC. Alterations of endogenous sphingolipid metabolism in cardiometabolic diseases: Towards novel therapeutic approaches. Biochimie 2019; 169:133-143. [PMID: 31614170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases is a worldwide public health concern, and the advent of new analytical technologies has made it possible to highlight the involvement of some molecules, such as sphingolipids (SL), in their pathophysiology. SL are constituents of cell membranes, lipoproteins and lipid droplets (LD), and are now considered as bioactive molecules. Indeed, growing evidence suggests that SL, characterized by diverse families and species, could represent one of the main regulators of lipid metabolism. There is an increasing amount of data reporting that plasma SL profile is altered in metabolic diseases. However, less is known about SL metabolism dysfunction in cells and tissues and how it may impact the lipoprotein metabolism, its functionality and composition. In cardiometabolic pathologies, the link between serum SL concentrations and alterations of their metabolism in various organs and LD is still unclear. Pharmacological approaches have been developed in order to activate or inhibit specific key enzymes of the SL metabolism, and to positively modulate SL profile or related metabolic pathways. Nevertheless, little is known about the long-term impact of such approaches in humans and the current literature still focuses on the decomposition of the different parts of this complex system rather than performing an integrated analysis of the whole SL metabolism. In addition, since SL can be provided from exogenous sources, it is also of interest to evaluate their impact on the homeostasis of endogenous SL metabolism, which could be beneficial in prevention or treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Le Barz
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Sud Medical School, Pierre-Bénite, Fr-69310, France.
| | - Marie Michèle Boulet
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Sud Medical School, Pierre-Bénite, Fr-69310, France.
| | - Catherine Calzada
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Sud Medical School, Pierre-Bénite, Fr-69310, France.
| | - David Cheillan
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Sud Medical School, Pierre-Bénite, Fr-69310, France; Service Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Centre de Biologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Bron, France.
| | - Marie-Caroline Michalski
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Sud Medical School, Pierre-Bénite, Fr-69310, France.
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100992. [PMID: 31442523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Khadija El-Hindi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:160-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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