101
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Zheng XP, Nie Q, Feng J, Fan XY, Jin YL, Chen G, Du JW. Kidney-targeted baicalin-lysozyme conjugate ameliorates renal fibrosis in rats with diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:174. [PMID: 32398108 PMCID: PMC7216346 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes, and is the most important cause of death for diabetic patients. Baicalin (BAI) has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities, which play a role in attenuating insulin resistance and protecting the kidney. Moreover, cell-specific targeting of renal tubular cells is an approach to enhance drug accumulation in the kidney. METHODS Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. A diabetes model was created using streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally injection. The four groups included: Control group (n = 10), DN (n = 15), BAI treatment (BAI; n = 10) and BAI-LZM treatment (BAI-LZM; n = 10) groups. In the current study, the renoprotection and anti-fibrotic effects of BAI-lysozyme (LZM) conjugate were further investigated in rats with DN induced by STZ compared with BAI treatment alone. RESULTS The results suggest that BAI-LZM better ameliorates renal impairment, metabolic disorder and renal fibrosis than BAI alone in rats with DN, and the potential regulatory mechanism likely involves inhibiting inflammation via the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, inhibiting extracellular matrix accumulation via the transforming growth factor-β/Smad3 pathway and regulating cell proliferation via the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1/IGF-1 receptor/p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. BAI and the kidney-targeted BAI-LZM can utilize the body's cytoprotective pathways to reactivate autophagy (as indicated by the autophagy markers mechanistic target of rapamycin and sirtuin 1 to ameliorate DN outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the traditional use of S. baicalensis as an important anti-DN traditional chinese medicine (TCM), and BAI, above all BAI-LZM, is a promising source for the identification of molecules with anti-DN effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Zheng
- Department of basic medical sciences, Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, No 148 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Qing Nie
- Weifang centers for disease control and prevention, No 4801 Huixian Road, Gaoxin Distric, Weifang, 261061, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of basic medical sciences, Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, No 148 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fan
- Department of basic medical sciences, Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yue-Lei Jin
- Department of basic medical sciences, Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of basic medical sciences, Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| | - Ji-Wei Du
- Nursing department, Xiang'An Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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102
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Chaudhari S, Yazdizadeh Shotorbani P, Tao Y, Davis ME, Mallet RT, Ma R. Inhibition of interleukin-6 on matrix protein production by glomerular mesangial cells and the pathway involved. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1478-F1488. [PMID: 32390515 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00043.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of immunological pathways and disturbances of extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics are important contributors to the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases. Glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) are critical for homeostasis of glomerular ECM dynamics. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) can act as a pro/anti-inflammatory agent relative to cell types and conditions. This study investigated whether IL-6 influences ECM protein production by MCs and the regulatory pathways involved. Experiments were carried out in cultured human MCs (HMCs) and in mice. We found that overexpression of IL-6 and its receptor decreased the abundance of fibronectin and collagen type IV in MCs. ELISA and immunoblot analysis demonstrated that thapsigargin [an activator of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE)], but not the endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer tunicamycin, significantly increased IL-6 content. This thapsigargin effect was abolished by GSK-7975A, a selective inhibitor of SOCE, and by silencing Orai1 (the channel protein mediating SOCE). Furthermore, inhibition of NF-κB pharmacologically and genetically significantly reduced SOCE-induced IL-6 production. Thapsigargin also stimulated nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB. Moreover, MCs overexpressing IL-6 and its receptor in HMCs increased the content of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and IL-6 inhibition of fibronectin was attenuated by the GLP-1R antagonist exendin 9-39. In agreement with the HMC data, specific knockdown of Orai1 in MCs using the targeted nanoparticle delivery system in mice significantly reduced glomerular GLP-1R levels. Taken together, our results suggest a novel SOCE/NF-κB/IL-6/GLP-1R signaling pathway that inhibits ECM protein production by MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | | | - Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Mark E Davis
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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103
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Huang F, Guo Y, Wang L, Jing L, Chen Z, Lu S, Fu R, Tian L. High glucose and TGF-β1 reduce expression of endoplasmic reticulum-resident selenoprotein S and selenoprotein N in human mesangial cells. Ren Fail 2020; 41:762-769. [PMID: 31880214 PMCID: PMC6735353 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1641413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There are seven endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident selenoproteins in human body and they can regulate the inflammation, oxidative stress, and ER stress. We established transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) or high glucose (HG) induced human mesangial cells (HMCs) fibronectin expression model in vitro. Next, the expression changes of seven ER-resident selenoproteins were detected under HG conditions and we found selenoprotein S (SELENOS), selenoprotein N (SELENON) were significantly down-regulated but selenoprotein M was significantly up-regulated in transcription level. Furthermore, we found that TGF-β1 and HG down-regulated the expression of SELENOS and SELENON in a time- and dose-dependent manner, respectively. Finally, SELENOS was knocked down by siRNA and we found that knocking down SELENOS decreased TGF-β1 induced fibronectin expression. Our research indicates the potential value of ER-resident selenoproteins on renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumeng Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanxu Guo
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lanmei Jing
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongguo Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lifang Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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104
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Sharma A, Kilari S, Cai C, Simeon ML, Misra S. Increased fibrotic signaling in a murine model for intra-arterial contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1210-F1219. [PMID: 32200666 PMCID: PMC7294333 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00004.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a vexing problem, and more than 70 million patients undergo studies using iodinated contrast. The molecular mechanisms responsible for CI-AKI are poorly understood. The goal of the present article was to determine the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD)3 and associated collagen expression in a murine model of intra-arterial CI-AKI. The murine model of CI-AKI after intra-arterial contrast agent administration was created by first performing a partial nephrectomy to induce chronic kidney disease. Twenty-eight days later, 100 μL of contrast agent [iodixanol (320 mg/mL)] or saline were administered via the carotid artery. Two days after contrast administration, compared with saline, average serum creatinine was significantly elevated (P < 0.05). In the cortex, there was a significant increase in phosphorylated SMAD3 and gene expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β receptor type I, and TGF-β receptor type II at day 2 in the contrast group compared with the saline group. Average gene expressions of connective tissue growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, and collagen type I-α and type IV-α were significantly increased at 2 days after contrast administration (all P < 0.05). Moreover, there was a decrease in Ki-67 staining in the cortex, with an increase in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling in the cortex and medulla after contrast administration (P < 0.05). In the murine intra-arterial CI-AKI model, there was increased hypoxia and TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway activation and collagen expression, resulting in renal fibrosis. Together, these results suggest that the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway could be a potential target in alleviating tissue fibrosis in CI-AKI.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Kidney Injury/etiology
- Acute Kidney Injury/genetics
- Acute Kidney Injury/metabolism
- Acute Kidney Injury/pathology
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Carotid Arteries
- Cell Hypoxia
- Cell Proliferation
- Collagen/genetics
- Collagen/metabolism
- Contrast Media/administration & dosage
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Injections, Intra-Arterial
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Nephrectomy
- Phosphorylation
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I/genetics
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I/metabolism
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II/genetics
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/genetics
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Smad3 Protein/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Triiodobenzoic Acids/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sharma
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sreenivasulu Kilari
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chuanqi Cai
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael L Simeon
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sanjay Misra
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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105
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Wendt R, He T, Latosinska A, Siwy J, Mischak H, Beige J. Proteomic characterization of obesity-related nephropathy. Clin Kidney J 2020; 13:684-692. [PMID: 32905225 PMCID: PMC7467596 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nephropathy related to obesity lacks a pathophysiological understanding and definite diagnostic pathways by biomarkers. Methods In this study we investigated the association between urinary peptides and body mass index (BMI) and renal function in proteome data sets from 4015 individuals. Results A total of 365 urinary peptides were identified to be significantly associated with BMI. The majority of these peptides were collagen fragments. In addition, most of the peptides also demonstrated a significant concordant association with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the investigated cohort, with the presence of diabetes exhibiting no significant association. A new classifier was developed, based on 150 urinary peptides, that enabled the distinction of non-obese subjects with preserved kidney function from obese, non-diabetic subjects with eGFR >45 mL/min/1.73 m2 in an independent cohort, with an area under the curve of 0.93. Conclusions On a molecular level, the data strongly suggest a link between obesity and fibrosis, which may be a major cause of obesity-related nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Wendt
- Department of Nephrology and Kuratorium for Dialysis and Transplantation Renal Unit, Hospital St Georg, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tianlin He
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Joachim Beige
- Department of Nephrology and Kuratorium for Dialysis and Transplantation Renal Unit, Hospital St Georg, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, Martin-Luther-University Halle/Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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106
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Hu H, Li W, Liu M, Xiong J, Li Y, Wei Y, Huang C, Tang Y. C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein-9 Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy and Kidney Fibrosis in db/db Mice. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:938-948. [PMID: 32283037 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix leading to early thickening of glomerular and tubular basement membrane. C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein-9 (CTRP9) was recently identified as an adiponectin paralog of superior prominence. CTRP9 is an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasodilation and atheroprotective adipose cytokine that share a similar metabolic regulatory function as adiponectin. Additionally, CTRP9 inhibits apoptosis of endothelial cells, decreases blood glucose level, and increases insulin sensitivity. However, the renoprotective effects of CTRP9 and the underlying molecular mechanisms in DN have not been explored. This study examined the effects of CTRP9 on DN in diabetic db/db mice through adenovirus-mediated overexpression. From the results, CTRP9 ameliorated renal dysfunction and injury at the structural and functional level in diabetic db/db mice. Additionally, CTRP9 inhibited glomerular and tubular glycogen accumulation, fibrosis, relieved hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress, and apoptosis. This is the first study to report on therapeutic effects of CTRP9 on DN, presenting a potentially effective clinical treatment method for DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Hu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Mingxin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiarui Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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107
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Al-Hasani K, Khurana I, Farhat T, Eid A, El-Osta A. Epigenetics of Diabetic Nephropathy: From Biology to Therapeutics. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/19-00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a lethal microvascular complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is the leading single cause of end-stage renal disease. Although genetic influences are important, epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in several aspects of the disease. The current therapeutic methods to treat DN are limited to slowing disease progression without repair and regeneration of the damaged nephrons. Replacing dying or diseased kidney cells with new nephrons is an attractive strategy. This review considers the genetic and epigenetic control of nephrogenesis, together with the epigenetic mechanisms that accompany kidney development and recent advances in induced reprogramming and kidney cell regeneration in the context of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Al-Hasani
- Department of Diabetes, Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ishant Khurana
- Department of Diabetes, Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Theresa Farhat
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assaad Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Department of Diabetes, Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Health, Department of Technology, Biomedical Laboratory Science, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong
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108
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Shotorbani PY, Chaudhari S, Tao Y, Tsiokas L, Ma R. Inhibitor of myogenic differentiation family isoform a, a new positive regulator of fibronectin production by glomerular mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F673-F682. [PMID: 31984795 PMCID: PMC7099507 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00508.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins, including fibronectin by mesangial cells (MCs), contributes to diabetic nephropathy. Inhibitor of myogenic differentiation family isoform a (I-mfa) is a multifunctional cytosolic protein functioning as a transcriptional modulator or plasma channel protein regulator. However, its renal effects are unknown. The present study was conducted to determine whether I-mfa regulated fibronectin production by glomerular MCs. In human MCs, overexpression of I-mfa significantly increased fibronectin abundance. Silencing I-mfa significantly reduced the level of fibronectin mRNA and blunted transforming growth factor-β1-stimulated production of fibronectin. We further found that high glucose increased I-mfa protein content in a time course (≥48 h) and concentration (≥25 mM)-dependent manner. Although high glucose exposure increased I-mfa at the protein level, it did not significantly alter transcripts of I-mfa in MCs. Furthermore, the abundance of I-mfa protein was significantly increased in the renal cortex of rats with diabetic nephropathy. The I-mfa protein level was also elevated in the glomerulus of mice with diabetic kidney disease. However, there was no significant difference in glomerular I-mfa mRNA levels between mice with and without diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, H2O2 significantly increased I-mfa protein abundance in a dose-dependent manner in cultured human MCs. The antioxidants polyethylene glycol-catalase, ammonium pyrrolidithiocarbamate, and N-acetylcysteine significantly blocked the high glucose-induced increase of I-mfa protein. Taken together, our results suggest that I-mfa, increased by high glucose/diabetes through the production of reactive oxygen species, stimulates fibronectin production by MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Leonidas Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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109
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Niu M, Liu Y, Xiang L, Zhao Y, Yuan J, Jia Y, Dai X, Chen H. Long-term case study of a Wuzhishan miniature pig with diabetes. Animal Model Exp Med 2020; 3:22-31. [PMID: 32318656 PMCID: PMC7167240 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miniature pigs are attractive animal models for exploring diabetes because they are similar to humans in terms of physiological structure and metabolism. However, little is known about the complications of diabetes in pigs. METHODS In this study, a 28-month observation of a Wuzhishan miniature pig with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced (120 mg/kg) diabetes was conducted, to investigate diabetes-related complications and the possibility of self-recovery in miniature pigs. Blood glucose, serum and urinary biochemistry was measured, and histopathologic examinations of eyes, kidney and pancreas were made. RESULTS During the observation, diabetic complications of eyes and kidney were observed. The eye complications included bilateral cataracts in the 15th month and degeneration of inner retina and microaneurysm in the 28th month. Kidney complications included glomerular mesangial expansion, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, and renal tubular epithelial degeneration, but no proteinuria was observed. By 28 months after the application of STZ, with no treatment given, blood glucose had recovered and the number of pancreatic islet beta-cells had increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS We showed that the STZ-induced diabetes model in miniature pigs could accurately mimic the pathological changes of human diabetes, and that pancreatic islet beta-cell regeneration did occur in an adult miniature pig, providing a new means for exploring diabetic complications and pancreatic islet beta-cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Niu
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
| | - Yuqiong Zhao
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
| | - Jifang Yuan
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
| | - Yunxiao Jia
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
| | - Xin Dai
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
| | - Hua Chen
- Laboratory Animal CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China
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110
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Xu BH, Sheng J, You YK, Huang XR, Ma RCW, Wang Q, Lan HY. Deletion of Smad3 prevents renal fibrosis and inflammation in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Metabolism 2020; 103:154013. [PMID: 31734275 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.154013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad3 signaling is highly activated in kidneys of patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN), however, the precise role of Smad3 in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy remains unclear. METHODS Smad3 knockout (KO)-db/db mice were generated by intercrossing of male and female double-heterozygous Smad3+/- db/m mice. Renal functions including urinary albumin excretion and serum creatinine were determined. Renal histological injury including renal fibrosis and inflammation were examined by periodic acid Schiff (PAS), periodic acid-silver methenamine (PASM), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. RESULTS Smad3 knockout (KO)-db/db mice were protected from the development of diabetic kidney injury, characterized by the normal levels of urinary albumin excretion and serum creatinine without any evidence for renal fibrosis and inflammation. In contrast, Smad3 wild-type (WT) db/db and Smad3+/- db/db mice developed progressively decline in renal function over the 12 to 32-week time course, including increased microalbuminuria and elevated levels of serum creatinine. Pathologically, Smad3 WT db/db and Smad3+/- db/db mice exhibited a marked deposition of collagen-I (colI), collagen-IV(col-IV), and an increased infiltration of F4/80+ macrophages in kidney. Mechanistically, Smad3 deficiency decreased the lncRNA Erbb4-IR transcription, while increased miR-29b transcription and therefore protected the kidney from progressive renal injury in db/db mice. CONCLUSION Results from this study imply that Smad3 may represent as a novel and effective therapeutic target for T2DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Hua Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Chi Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingyi Sheng
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Ke You
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingwen Wang
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Chi Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China..
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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111
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Yang X. Design and optimization of crocetin loaded PLGA nanoparticles against diabetic nephropathy via suppression of inflammatory biomarkers: a formulation approach to preclinical study. Drug Deliv 2020; 26:849-859. [PMID: 31524015 PMCID: PMC6761602 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1642417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus whose expand
process is linked with the fibrosis, renal hypertrophy and inflammation. The current study
was to formulate and optimize the nano-formulation of crocetin (CT-PLGA-NPs) against
Streptozotocin-induced renal nephropathy in rats. Double emulsion evaporation technique
was used for the preparation of CT-PLGA-NPs. CT-PLGA-NPs were scrutinized for
polydispersity index, size, gastric stability, entrapment, drug-loading capacity and
in-vitro drug release and in vivo preclinical study.
Single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg) and rats were divided
into different group. Renal function and metabolic parameters of urine and serum were
estimated. Fibrotic protein, renal pro-inflammatory cytokines and degree of renal damage
expression were also determined. We also estimated the fibronectin, type IV collagen and
transforming growth factor-β1 for a possible mechanism of action. Crocetin supplement
(10 mg/kg) and CT-PLGA-NPs exhibited the accumulation of the drug in kidney and liver of
diabetic rats. Crocetin reduced the BGL and enhanced plasma insulin and body weight. Dose
dependent treatment of crocetin significantly (p < .001)
down-regulated the expression of renal tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6
(IL-6), interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-1β) and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1).
Crocetin significantly (p < .001) altered the expression of
fibronectin, type IV collagen, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-1β). Crocetin
significantly (p < .001) down-regulated the protein kinase C activity
and the expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 activity and protein production in
renal tissue. On the basis of the available result, we can conclude that nano-formulation
of crocetin could attenuate the diabetic nephropathy via antifibrotic and
anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yang
- Department of General Medicine, Zhumadian Central Hospital , Zhumadian , China
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112
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Price GW, Potter JA, Williams BM, Cliff CL, Squires PE, Hills CE. Connexin-mediated cell communication in the kidney: A potential therapeutic target for future intervention of diabetic kidney disease?: Joan Mott Prize Lecture. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:219-229. [PMID: 31785013 DOI: 10.1113/ep087770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability of cells to communicate and synchronise their activity is essential for the maintenance of tissue structure, integrity and function. A family of membrane-bound proteins called connexins are largely responsible for mediating the local transfer of information between cells. Assembled in the cell membrane as a hexameric connexon, they either function as a conduit for paracrine signalling, forming a transmembrane hemi-channel, or, if aligned with connexons on neighbouring cells, form a continuous aqueous pore or gap junction, which allows for the direct transmission of metabolic and electrical signals. Regulation of connexin synthesis and activity is critical to cellular function, and a number of diseases are attributed to changes in the expression and/or function of these important proteins. A link between hyperglycaemia, connexin expression, altered nucleotide concentrations and impaired function highlights a potential role for connexin-mediated cell communication in complications of diabetes. In the diabetic kidney, glycaemic injury is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure, reflecting multiple aetiologies including glomerular hyperfiltration, albuminuria, increased deposition of extracellular matrix and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Loss of connexin-mediated cell-to-cell communication in diabetic nephropathy may represent an early sign of disease progression, but our understanding of the process remains severely limited. This review focuses on recent evidence demonstrating that glucose-evoked changes in connexin-mediated cell communication and associated purinergic signalling may contribute to the pathogenesis of kidney disease in diabetes, highlighting the tantalising potential of targeting these proteins as a novel therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth W Price
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Joe A Potter
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Bethany M Williams
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Chelsy L Cliff
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Paul E Squires
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Claire E Hills
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
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113
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Adelusi TI, Du L, Hao M, Zhou X, Xuan Q, Apu C, Sun Y, Lu Q, Yin X. Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling unfolds therapeutic targets for redox imbalanced-mediated diseases and diabetic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 123:109732. [PMID: 31945695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia/oxidative stress has been implicated in the initiation and progression of diabetic complications while the components of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling are being exploited as therapeutic targets for the treatment/management of these pathologies. Antioxidant agents like drugs, nutraceuticals and pure compounds that target the proteins of this pathway and their downstream genes hold the therapeutic strength to put the progression of this disease at bay. Here, we elucidate how the modulation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE had been exploited for the treatment/management of end-stage diabetic kidney complication (diabetic nephropathy) by looking into (1) Nrf2 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation by some protein kinases at specific amino acid sequences and (2) Keap1 downregulation/Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein inhibition (PPI) as potential therapeutic mechanisms exploited by Nrf2 activators for the modulation of diabetic nephropathy biomarkers (Collagen IV, Laminin, TGF-β1 and Fibronectin) that ultimately lead to the amelioration of this disease progression. Furthermore, we brought to limelight the relationship between diabetic nephropathy and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE and finally elucidate how the modulation of this signaling pathway could be further explored to create novel therapeutic milestones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope Isaac Adelusi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Meng Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qian Xuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chowdhury Apu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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114
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Guo J, Rackham OJL, Sandholm N, He B, Österholm AM, Valo E, Harjutsalo V, Forsblom C, Toppila I, Parkkonen M, Li Q, Zhu W, Harmston N, Chothani S, Öhman MK, Eng E, Sun Y, Petretto E, Groop PH, Tryggvason K. Whole-Genome Sequencing of Finnish Type 1 Diabetic Siblings Discordant for Kidney Disease Reveals DNA Variants associated with Diabetic Nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:309-323. [PMID: 31919106 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019030289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several genetic susceptibility loci associated with diabetic nephropathy have been documented, but no causative variants implying novel pathogenetic mechanisms have been elucidated. METHODS We carried out whole-genome sequencing of a discovery cohort of Finnish siblings with type 1 diabetes who were discordant for the presence (case) or absence (control) of diabetic nephropathy. Controls had diabetes without complications for 15-37 years. We analyzed and annotated variants at genome, gene, and single-nucleotide variant levels. We then replicated the associated variants, genes, and regions in a replication cohort from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy study that included 3531 unrelated Finns with type 1 diabetes. RESULTS We observed protein-altering variants and an enrichment of variants in regions associated with the presence or absence of diabetic nephropathy. The replication cohort confirmed variants in both regulatory and protein-coding regions. We also observed that diabetic nephropathy-associated variants, when clustered at the gene level, are enriched in a core protein-interaction network representing proteins essential for podocyte function. These genes include protein kinases (protein kinase C isoforms ε and ι) and protein tyrosine kinase 2. CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensive analysis of a diabetic nephropathy cohort of siblings with type 1 diabetes who were discordant for kidney disease points to variants and genes that are potentially causative or protective for diabetic nephropathy. This includes variants in two isoforms of the protein kinase C family not previously linked to diabetic nephropathy, adding support to previous hypotheses that the protein kinase C family members play a role in diabetic nephropathy and might be attractive therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Owen J L Rackham
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bing He
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne-May Österholm
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Erkka Valo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valma Harjutsalo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iiro Toppila
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Parkkonen
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Qibin Li
- Complex Disease Research Center, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhu
- Complex Disease Research Center, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nathan Harmston
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.,Science Division, Yale-National University of Singapore College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sonia Chothani
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Miina K Öhman
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eudora Eng
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Yang Sun
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; .,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland; .,Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Karl Tryggvason
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; .,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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115
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Li H, Rong P, Ma X, Nie W, Chen Y, Zhang J, Dong Q, Yang M, Wang W. Mouse Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Paracrine Alleviates Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy by Reducing Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation and Cell Proliferation and Upregulating MMPs in Mesangial Cells. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3847171. [PMID: 32455132 PMCID: PMC7222483 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3847171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) is currently considered a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanisms by which UC-MSCs ameliorate renal fibrosis in DN are not well understood. Herein, we firstly investigated the therapeutic effects of mouse UC-MSC infusion on kidney structural and functional impairment in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic mice. We found that the repeated injection with mUC-MSCs alleviates albuminuria, glomerulus injury, and fibrosis in DN mouse models. Next, mesangial cells were exposed to 5.6 mM glucose, 30 mM glucose, or mUC-MSC-conditioned medium, and then we performed western blotting, immunofluorescence, wound healing assay, and cell proliferation assay to measure extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), myofibroblast transdifferentiation (MFT), and cell proliferation. We demonstrated that mUC-MSC paracrine decreased the deposition of fibronectin and collagen I by inhibiting TGF-β1-triggered MFT and cell proliferation mediated by PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, and elevating the levels of MMP2 and MMP9. Importantly, we provided evidence that the antifibrosis role of mUC-MSC paracrine in DN might be determined by exosomes shed by MSCs. Together, these findings reveal the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of UC-MSCs on renal fibrosis in DN and provide the evidence for DN cell-free therapy based on UC-MSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongde Li
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Special Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Special Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Nie
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Dong
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Yang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Special Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Xenotransplantation of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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116
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Lee SR, An EJ, Kim J, Bae YS. Function of NADPH Oxidases in Diabetic Nephropathy and Development of Nox Inhibitors. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2020; 28:25-33. [PMID: 31875663 PMCID: PMC6939690 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several recent studies have reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), play important roles in various cellular signaling networks. NADPH oxidase (Nox) isozymes have been shown to mediate receptor-mediated ROS generation for physiological signaling processes involved in cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Detectable intracellular levels of ROS can be induced by the electron leakage from mitochondrial respiratory chain as well as by activation of cytochrome p450, glucose oxidase and xanthine oxidase, leading to oxidative stress. The up-regulation and the hyper-activation of NADPH oxidases (Nox) also likely contribute to oxidative stress in pathophysiologic stages. Elevation of the renal ROS level through hyperglycemia-mediated Nox activation results in the oxidative stress which induces a damage to kidney tissues, causing to diabetic nephropathy (DN). Nox inhibitors are currently being developed as the therapeutics of DN. In this review, we summarize Nox-mediated ROS generation and development of Nox inhibitors for therapeutics of DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Rom Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung An
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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117
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Dragoș D, Manea MM, Timofte D, Ionescu D. Mechanisms of Herbal Nephroprotection in diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:5710513. [PMID: 32695828 PMCID: PMC7362309 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5710513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of kidney morbidity. Despite the multilayered complexity of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of DN, the conventional treatment is limited to just a few drug classes fraught with the risk of adverse events, including the progression of renal dysfunction. Phytoceuticals offer a promising alternative as they act on the many-sidedness of DN pathophysiology, multitargeting its intricacies. This paper offers a review of the mechanisms underlying the protective action of these phytoagents, including boosting the antioxidant capabilities, suppression of inflammation, averting the proliferative and sclerosing/fibrosing events. The pathogenesis of DN is viewed as a continuum going from the original offense, high glucose, through the noxious products it generates (advanced glycation end-products, products of oxidative and nitrosative stress) and the signaling chains consequently brought into action, to the harmful mediators of inflammation, sclerosis, and proliferation that eventually lead to DN, despite the countervailing attempts of the protective mechanisms. Special attention was given to the various pathways involved, pointing out the ability of the phytoagents to hinder the deleterious ones (especially those leading to, driven by, or associated with TGF-β activation, SREBP, Smad, MAPK, PKC, NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and caspase), to promote the protective ones (PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, EP4/Gs/AC/cAMP, Nrf2, AMPK, and SIRT1), and to favorably modulate those with potentially dual effect (PI3K/Akt). Many phytomedicines have emerged as potentially useful out of in vitro and in vivo studies, but the scarcity of human trials seriously undermines their usage in the current clinical practice-an issue that stringently needs to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorin Dragoș
- Faculty of General Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, str. Dionisie Lupu nr. 37, sect 1, Bucharest 020021, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic of University Emergency Hospital, Splaiul Independentei nr. 169, sect. 5, Bucharest 050098, Romania
| | - Maria Mirabela Manea
- Faculty of General Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, str. Dionisie Lupu nr. 37, sect 1, Bucharest 020021, Romania
- National Institute of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Şos. Berceni, Nr. 10-12, Sector 4, Bucharest 041914, Romania
| | - Delia Timofte
- Dialysis Department of University Emergency Hospital, Splaiul Independentei nr. 169, sect. 5, Bucharest 050098, Romania
| | - Dorin Ionescu
- Faculty of General Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, str. Dionisie Lupu nr. 37, sect 1, Bucharest 020021, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic of University Emergency Hospital, Splaiul Independentei nr. 169, sect. 5, Bucharest 050098, Romania
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118
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Gong W, Li J, Chen W, Feng F, Deng Y. Resveratrol Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Extracellular Matrix Accumulation and Inflammation in Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells by SphK1/S1P2/NF-κB Pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4495-4505. [PMID: 33262625 PMCID: PMC7686914 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s278267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). Resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenol, has been proven to have renoprotective effects. In this study, we used a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat glomerular mesangial cells (RMCs) model, to elucidate the renoprotective effect of RSV on sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)/sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2)/NF-κB activation and the expression of downstream inflammatory mediators, such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and fibronectin (FN) protein expression in RMCs. METHODS Cell proliferation was tested by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The protein levels of FN, ICAM-1, iNOS, SphK1, S1P2 and NF-κB p65 in RMCs were detected by Western blot. The DNA-binding activity of NF-κB was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). SphK1 activity and S1P content were measured by using sphingosine kinase activity assay kit and ELISA assay, respectively. RESULTS We first found that LPS could stimulate SphK1/S1P axis activation, whereas this occurrence was significantly blocked by RSV pretreatment. RSV obviously repressed LPS-induced upregulated expression of fibronectin (FN), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RMCs. Moreover, RSV markedly reduced SphK1 activity and its protein expression, and attenuated S1P content in LPS-induced RMCs. Furthermore, RSV could block LPS-induced upregulation of NF-κB p65 and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB. And this phenomenon was notably attenuated by SphK1 inhibitor and S1P2 inhibitor. CONCLUSION RSV inhibited LPS-induced RMCs' proliferation and inflammation and FN expression by SphK1/S1P2/NF-κB pathway, suggesting that RSV may be independent of its hypoglycemic effect on preventing or delaying the development of mesangial cell fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou510317, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuzhen Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanhui DengDepartment of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 20 62784810 Email
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119
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Blervaque L, Passerieux E, Pomiès P, Catteau M, Héraud N, Blaquière M, Bughin F, Ayoub B, Molinari N, Cristol JP, Perez-Martin A, Mercier J, Hayot M, Gouzi F. Impaired training-induced angiogenesis process with loss of pericyte-endothelium interactions is associated with an abnormal capillary remodelling in the skeletal muscle of COPD patients. Respir Res 2019; 20:278. [PMID: 31806021 PMCID: PMC6896673 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with exercise intolerance and limits the functional gains in response to exercise training in patients compared to sedentary healthy subjects (SHS). The blunted skeletal muscle angiogenesis previously observed in COPD patients has been linked to these limited functional improvements, but its underlying mechanisms, as well as the potential role of oxidative stress, remain poorly understood. Therefore, we compared ultrastructural indexes of angiogenic process and capillary remodelling by transmission electron microscopy in 9 COPD patients and 7 SHS after 6 weeks of individualized moderate-intensity endurance training. We also assessed oxidative stress by plasma-free and esterified isoprostane (F2-IsoP) levels in both groups. We observed a capillary basement membrane thickening in COPD patients only (p = 0.008) and abnormal variations of endothelial nucleus density in response to exercise training in these patients when compared to SHS (p = 0.042). COPD patients had significantly fewer occurrences of pericyte/endothelium interdigitations, a morphologic marker of capillary maturation, than SHS (p = 0.014), and significantly higher levels of F2-IsoP (p = 0.048). Last, the changes in pericyte/endothelium interdigitations and F2-IsoP levels in response to exercise training were negatively correlated (r = − 0.62, p = 0.025). This study is the first to show abnormal capillary remodelling and to reveal impairments during the whole process of angiogenesis (capillary creation and maturation) in COPD patients. Trial registration NCT01183039 & NCT01183052, both registered 7 August 2010 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Blervaque
- Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM - CNRS - Montpellier University. CHU Arnaud De Villeneuve, 371 avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Emilie Passerieux
- Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM - CNRS - Montpellier University. CHU Arnaud De Villeneuve, 371 avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Pascal Pomiès
- Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM - CNRS - Montpellier University. CHU Arnaud De Villeneuve, 371 avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Matthias Catteau
- Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles (PhyMedExp), INSERM - CNRS - Montpellier University. CHU Arnaud De Villeneuve, 371 avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Nelly Héraud
- Les Cliniques du Souffle®, Groupe 5 Santé, Lodève, France
| | - Marine Blaquière
- PhyMedExp, INSERM - CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - François Bughin
- PhyMedExp, INSERM - CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bronia Ayoub
- PhyMedExp, INSERM - CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Molinari
- IMAG, CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Paul Cristol
- PhyMedExp, INSERM - CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Antonia Perez-Martin
- Vascular Medicine Department and Laboratory, CHU Nîmes and EA2992 Research Unit, Montpellier University, Nimes, France
| | - Jacques Mercier
- PhyMedExp, INSERM - CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Maurice Hayot
- PhyMedExp, INSERM - CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Fares Gouzi
- PhyMedExp, INSERM - CNRS, Montpellier University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Methylglyoxal-derived advanced glycation end products induce matrix metalloproteinases through activation of ERK/JNK/NF-κB pathway in kidney proximal epithelial cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 29:675-682. [PMID: 32419966 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00704-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of reactive α-dicarbonyl leading to advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been linked to pathophysiological diseases in many studies, such as atherosclerosis, cataract, cancer, and diabetic nephropathy. Glycation-generated AGEs increase the expression of inflammatory cytokines by transferring signals to the cell by binding them to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) on their cell surface. The effect of methylglyoxal-derived AGEs (AGE-4) on the induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in rat ordinary kidney cells (NRK-52E) was explored in this research, among other AGEs. The cell treated with 100 μg/mL AGE-4 for 24 h showed a substantial rise in MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression relative to BSA control only and other AGEs through ERK, JNK, and NF-B pathways. Our findings therefore suggest that AGE-4 expresses MMPs through the AGE-4-RAGE axis, activating MAPK signals that may contribute to dysfunction of the kidney cell.
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Gentiopicroside activates the bile acid receptor Gpbar1 (TGR5) to repress NF-kappaB pathway and ameliorate diabetic nephropathy. Pharmacol Res 2019; 151:104559. [PMID: 31759089 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor, Gpbar1 (TGR5), inhibits inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB signalling pathway, eventually attenuating diabetic nephropathy (DN). Gentiopicroside (GPS), the main active secoiridoid glycoside of Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa, has been demonstrated to inhibit inflammation in various diseases via inhibiting the inflammatory signalling pathways. However, whether GPS inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway by activating TGR5 and regulates the pathological progression of diabetic renal fibrosis requires further investigation. In this study, we found that GPS significantly reversed the downregulation of TGR5 and inhibited the overproduction of fibronectin (FN), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) exposed to high glucose (HG). Additionally, GPS prevented the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and subsequently inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway. Further investigation found that GPS enhanced the stabilization of IκBα by promoting the interaction of β-arrestin2 with IκBα via TGR5 activation, which contributed to the inhibition of NF-κB signalling pathway. Importantly, the depletion of TGR5 blocked the inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway and reversed the downregulation of FN, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and TGF-β1 by GPS in HG-induced GMCs. Moreover, GPS increased the TGR5 protein levels and promoted the interaction between IκBα and β-arrestin2, thereby inhibiting the reduction of IκBα and blocked NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation in the kidneys of STZ-induced diabetic mice. Collectively, these data suggested that GPS regulates the TGR5-β-arrestin2-NF-κB signalling pathway to prevent inflammation in the kidneys of diabetic mice, and ultimately ameliorates the pathological progression of diabetic renal fibrosis.
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Protective effects of Croton hookeri on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:110873. [PMID: 31600566 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the protective effects of Croton hookeri (CH) extract on renal injury were investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ (45 mg/kg) to Sprague-Dawley rats. After 5 days, CH extract (200 mg/kg) was administered daily by oral gavage for 2 weeks. Administration of CH extracts significantly reduced blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. STZ-induced changes in total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, ALT, AST, BUN, and serum creatinine levels were significantly restored by treatment with CH extract. Abnormal levels of SOD, catalase, glutathione, and oxidized GSH (GSSG) in STZ-treated rats were also significantly recovered by CH extract treatment. CH extract markedly reduced the expression of collagen-1, fibronectin, and α-SMA in the kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rats. In particular, oxidative DNA damages, MDA, TGF-β, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were significantly reduced in STZ-treated rats following treatment with CH extract, whereas IL-10 showed opposite trend. STZ-induced SIRT1, SIRT3 downregulation and cloudin-1 upregulation in the kidney were dramatically recovered by CH extract treatment. Our data suggest that CH extract protects against diabetic-induced nephropathy by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, it has potential as a food supplement to alleviate renal dysfunction caused by diabetes-induced nephropathy.
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Oxidative Stress and Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:585-604. [PMID: 31399986 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results from the disruption of the redox system marked by a notable overproduction of reactive oxygen species. There are four major sources of reactive oxygen species, including NADPH oxidases, mitochondria, nitric oxide synthases, and xanthine oxidases. It is well known that renal abnormalities trigger the production of reactive oxygen species by diverse mechanisms under various pathologic stimuli, such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, and metabolic disturbances. Mutually, accumulating evidences have identified that oxidative stress plays an essential role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis by myofibroblast activation as well as in glomerulosclerosis by mesangial sclerosis, podocyte abnormality, and parietal epithelial cell injury. Given the involvement of oxidative stress in renal fibrosis, therapies targeting oxidative stress seem promising in renal fibrosis management. In this review, we sketch the updated knowledge of the mechanisms of oxidative stress generation during renal diseases, the pathogenic processes of oxidative stress elicited renal fibrosis and treatments targeting oxidative stress during tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis.
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Jha JC, Dai A, Holterman CE, Cooper ME, Touyz RM, Kennedy CR, Jandeleit-Dahm KAM. Endothelial or vascular smooth muscle cell-specific expression of human NOX5 exacerbates renal inflammation, fibrosis and albuminuria in the Akita mouse. Diabetologia 2019; 62:1712-1726. [PMID: 31222503 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4924-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a detrimental role in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Renal oxidative stress activates proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and profibrotic factors in DKD. Increased expression of the prooxidant enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX) 5 in kidneys of diabetic individuals has been hypothesised to correlate with renal injury and progression of DKD. Since the gene encoding NOX5 is not expressed in the mouse genome, we examined the effect of inducible human NOX5 expression in renal cells, selectively in either endothelial cells or vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)/mesangial cells in a model of insulin-deficient diabetes, the Akita mouse. METHODS Renal structural injury, including glomerulosclerosis, mesangial expansion and extracellular matrix protein accumulation, as well as renal inflammation, ROS formation and albuminuria, were examined in the NOX5 transgenic Akita mouse model of DKD. RESULTS Expression of NOX5 in either endothelial cells or VSMCs/mesangial cells in diabetic Akita mice was associated with increased renal inflammation (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, NF-κB and toll-like receptor-4) and glomerulosclerosis, as well as upregulation of protein kinase C-α and increased expression of extracellular matrix genes (encoding collagen III, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin) and proteins (collagen IV), most likely mediated via enhanced renal ROS production. The effect of VSMC/mesangial cell-specific NOX5 expression resulted in more pronounced renal fibrosis in comparison with endothelial cell-specific NOX5 expression in diabetic mice. In addition, albuminuria was significantly increased in diabetic VEcad+NOX5+ mice (1192 ± 194 μg/24 h) when compared with diabetic VEcad+NOX5- mice (770 ± 98 μg/24 h). Furthermore, the regulatory components of NOX5 activation, including heat shock protein 90 and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 6, were upregulated only in the presence of both NOX5 and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The findings from this study highlight the importance of NOX5 in promoting diabetes-related renal injury and provide the rationale for the development of a selective NOX5 inhibitor for the prevention and/or treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay C Jha
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Level 5, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Aozhi Dai
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Level 5, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Chet E Holterman
- Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Level 5, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chris R Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Karin A M Jandeleit-Dahm
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Level 5, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- German Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Centre for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Yang S, Chen Y, Duan Y, Ma C, Liu L, Li Q, Yang J, Li X, Zhao B, Wang Y, Qian K, Liu M, Zhu Y, Yang X, Han J. Therapeutic potential of NaoXinTong Capsule on the developed diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109389. [PMID: 31545275 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The current treatment for diabetic nephropathy (DN) is still limited. NaoXinTong Capsule (NXT) is a Chinese Medicine prescribed to patients with cardiovascular disease. It can also ameliorate metabolic syndromes in patients indicating its anti-diabetic properties. Herein we report the therapeutic effects of NXT on the developed DN. The db/db diabetic mice at ˜12 weeks old, the age with DN at middle/advanced stages, were treated with NXT for 12 weeks. We found NXT treatment reduced diabetes-induced hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, thereby substantially reduced DN progress. In the kidney, NXT reduced mesangial matrix expansion and glomerulosclerosis by inhibiting extracellular matrix accumulation through activation of matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 and inactivating transforming growth factor β1 expression. NXT reduced podocyte injury by reducing renal inflammation and expression of adhesion molecules. Mechanically, NXT potently activated AMPKα in multiple tissues thereby enhancing energy metabolism. In the liver, NXT increased glucokinase expression and insulin sensitivity by increasing insulin receptor substrate 1/2 and protein kinase B (AKT) 1/2 expression/phosphorylation. In skeletal muscle, NXT activated expression of glucose transporter type 4, AKT, glycogen synthase and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α/γ. In adipose tissue, NXT reduced fatty acid synthase while activating hormone-sensitive lipase expression. Taken together, our study demonstrates that NXT reduced progress of the developed DN by ameliorating glucose, lipid and energy metabolism, maintaining renal structural and functional integrity. Our study also indicates the potential application of NXT for DN treatment in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanrui Ma
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lipei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoju Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yong Wang
- Buchang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Qian
- Buchang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Jihong Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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Abstract
The increasing global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has prompted research efforts to tackle the growing epidemic of diabetic kidney disease (DKD; also known as diabetic nephropathy). The limited success of much of this research might in part be due to the fact that not all patients diagnosed with DKD have renal dysfunction as a consequence of their diabetes mellitus. Patients who present with CKD and diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2) can have true DKD (wherein CKD is a direct consequence of their diabetes status), nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD) coincident with diabetes mellitus, or a combination of both DKD and NDKD. Preclinical studies using models that more accurately mimic these three entities might improve the ability of animal models to predict clinical trial outcomes. Moreover, improved insights into the pathomechanisms that are shared by these entities - including sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) and renin-angiotensin system-driven glomerular hyperfiltration and tubular hyper-reabsorption - as well as those that are unique to individual entities might lead to the identification of new treatment targets. Acknowledging that the clinical entity of CKD plus diabetes mellitus encompasses NDKD as well as DKD could help solve some of the urgent unmet medical needs of patients affected by these conditions.
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Microparticles as Potential Mediators of High Glucose-Induced Renal Cell Injury. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080348. [PMID: 31390845 PMCID: PMC6723350 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Activation of signaling pathways such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), are thought to play a significant role in the etiology of DN. Microparticles (MPs), the small membrane vesicles containing bioactive signals shed by cells upon activation or during apoptosis, are elevated in diabetes and were identified as biomarkers in DN. However, their exact role in the pathophysiology of DN remains unclear. Here, we examined the effect of MPs shed from renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs) exposed to high glucose conditions on naïve RPTCs in vitro. Our results showed significant increases in the levels of phosphorylated forms of 4E-binding protein 1 and ERK1/2 (the downstream targets of mTOR and ERK pathways), phosphorylated-eIF2α (an ER stress marker), alpha smooth muscle actin (an EMT marker), and phosphorylated-SMAD2 and nuclear translocation of SMAD4 (markers of TGF-β signaling). Together, our findings indicate that MPs activate key signaling pathways in RPTCs under high glucose conditions. Pharmacological interventions to inhibit shedding of MPs from RPTCs might serve as an effective strategy to prevent the progression of DN.
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128
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Li J, Wu B, Hu H, Fang X, Liu Z, Wu S. GdCl 3 attenuates the glomerular sclerosis of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via inhibiting TGF-β/Smads signal pathway. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 142:41-49. [PMID: 31831259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most serious end-stage renal disease which characterized by renal glomerular sclerosis including glomerular hypertrophy, glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening, mesangial expansion and renal fibrosis. TGF-β/Smads signal pathway plays a crucial role in the development of renal fibrosis. In this study, we found that GdCl3 which was an agonist of Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) could repress the activation of TGF-β/Smads signal pathway induced by TGF-β1 or high glucose and then alleviated the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in mesangial cells and the kidney of type1 diabetic rats. Further study indicated that GdCl3 could induce the binding of CaSR and TβR II and then both of these two receptors translocated from cell membrane to cytoplasm, in this case, TβR II on the cell membrane was decreased and then desensitized to the stimulation of its ligand TGF-β1, so that the activation of its downstream factors such as Smad2 and Smad3 were blocked, finally, ECM expression in mesangial cells were inhibited. We concluded that GdCl3 could alleviate the accumulation of ECM in mesangial cells via antagonizing TGF-β/Smads signal pathway in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bing Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Haibo Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiansong Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Suzhen Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Xu J, Chen Y, Xing Y, Ye S. Metformin inhibits high glucose-induced mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation and ECM expression through the SIRT1-FOXO1-autophagy axis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:813-820. [PMID: 31267567 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of metformin in high glucose-induced mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of metformin function. An MTT assay was used to examine rat mesangial cell (RMC) proliferation. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and TGF-β in RMCs were determined by ELISA. The protein expression of fibronectin, collagen IV and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin-1, LC3-I and LC3-II) in RMCs was detected using western blot. Fluorescence microscopy analysis was carried out to evaluate RMC autophagy. Our results showed that high glucose-induced RMC proliferation, inflammation and ECM expression, but these effects were markedly reduced by metformin. We confirmed that metformin suppressed high glucose-induced RMC proliferation, inflammation and ECM expression via induction of autophagy. Mechanistic investigation demonstrated an axis of SIRT1-FOXO1 in RMC autophagy. Our data indicated that metformin inhibits high glucose-induced mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation and ECM expression through a SIRT1-FOXO1-autophagy axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Geng X, Wang W, Feng Z, Liu R, Cheng X, Shen W, Dong Z, Cai G, Chen X, Hong Q, Wu D. Identification of key genes and pathways in diabetic nephropathy by bioinformatics analysis. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 10:972-984. [PMID: 30536626 PMCID: PMC6626994 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to identify candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways using bioinformatics analysis, and to improve our understanding of the cause and potential molecular events of diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two cohort profile datasets (GSE30528 and GSE33744) were integrated and used for deep analysis. We sorted DEGs and analyzed differential pathway enrichment. DEG-associated ingenuity pathway analysis was carried out. The screened gene expression feature was verified in the db/db mouse kidney cortex. Then, rat mesangial cells cultured with high-concentration glucose were used for verification. The target genes of transcriptional factor E26 transformation-specific-1 (ETS1) were predicted with online tools and validated using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The two GSE datasets identified 89 shared DEGs; 51 were upregulated; and 38 were downregulated. Most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in cell adhesion, the plasma membrane, the extracellular matrix and the extracellular region. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis validated the upregulated expression of Itgb2, Cd44, Sell, Fn1, Tgfbi and Il7r, and the downregulated expression of Igfbp2 and Cd55 in the db/db mouse kidney cortex. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that Itgb2 was the target gene of transcription factor Ets1. ETS1 knockdown in rat mesangial cells decreased integrin subunit beta 2 expression. CONCLUSION We found that EST1 functioned as an important transcription factor in diabetic nephropathy development through the promotion of integrin subunit beta 2 expression. EST1 might be a drug target for diabetic nephropathy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐dong Geng
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
- Kidney Therapeutic Center of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineBeidaihe Sanatorium of Beijing Military RegionQinhuangdaoChina
| | - Wei‐wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhe Feng
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Xiao‐long Cheng
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Wan‐jun Shen
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Zhe‐yi Dong
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Guang‐yan Cai
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Xiang‐mei Chen
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
| | - Di Wu
- Department of NephrologyChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Kidney DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseasesChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina
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Li X, Wang L, Ma H. Betaine alleviates high glucose‑induced mesangial cell proliferation by inhibiting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via the AKT/ERK1/2/p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1754-1760. [PMID: 31257485 PMCID: PMC6625408 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of chronic renal failure in diabetic patients worldwide. Betaine, a zwitterionic quaternary ammonium salt compound, is involved in numerous biological processes. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of betaine on mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) cultured under high glucose (HG) conditions and its underlying mechanisms. MMCs were treated with betaine under HG conditions. Cell proliferation and the cell cycle distribution were investigated with an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses were applied to respectively determine protein and mRNA expression levels. The results suggested that betaine decreased cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner, while G1‑phase arrest was significantly induced in MMCs. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of p21 and p27 decreased under HG conditions, but were reversed by betaine. Furthermore, the expression levels of fibronectin and type IV collagen were significantly decreased in cells treated with betaine compared with the HG group. Additionally, betaine decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, extracellular‑signal‑regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK), but was enhanced under HG conditions. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that betaine serves a protective role in HG‑induced MMCs by inhibiting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via regulating regulation of the Akt/Erk1/2/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin 300222, P.R. China
| | - Huining Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
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132
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Lei D, Chengcheng L, Xuan Q, Yibing C, Lei W, Hao Y, Xizhi L, Yuan L, Xiaoxing Y, Qian L. Quercetin inhibited mesangial cell proliferation of early diabetic nephropathy through the Hippo pathway. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104320. [PMID: 31220559 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) is a common and prominent pathological change of DN, which takes place at the early stage. Quercetin, a bioflavonoid compound, possesses therapeutic efficacy in cardiovascular and kidney diseases via anti-tumour, anti-oxidation, anti-virus, and anti-proliferation effects. However, the mechanism of quercetin in the proliferation of glomerular MCs in early DN has not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the effect of quercetin on the proliferation of glomerular MCs in high glucose-induced mouse glomerular MCs and in db/db mice. On this basis, we tried to clarify the specific mechanisms underlying these effects. The in vitro results showed that the proliferation of glomerular MCs was induced by high glucose, and the Hippo pathway was highly inactivated in high glucose-cultured MCs. Decreased phosphorylation of MST1 and Lats1 promoted expression and nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and subsequently increased the combination of YAP and TEA/ATS domain (TEAD), which promoted the expression of the downstream target gene such as cyclinE. Quercetin effectively inhibited the high glucose-induced MC proliferation and reactivated the Hippo pathway. In vivo, the proliferation of glomerular MCs was increased, renal function was decreased, and blood fasting glucose was elevated in db/db mice. Furthermore, the Hippo pathway was inactivated in the renal cortex of db/db mice. Eight-week treatment of quercetin retarded MC proliferation, alleviated the renal function, and reactivated Hippo pathway in the renal cortex of db/db mice at 16 weeks. Our previous study clarified that the Hippo pathway was involved in MC proliferation of DN. The results revealed that quercetin inhibited MC proliferation in high glucose-treated mouse glomerular MCs and in DN via reactivation of the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Li Chengcheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Qian Xuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Chen Yibing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Wang Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yang Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Li Xizhi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yin Xiaoxing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China.
| | - Lu Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, China.
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Abstract
The aim of the review is to examine the role of growth factors and cytokines in the management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers, such as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and Insulin like growth factor (IGF). Taking this a step further, the role of Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β-1) and other growth factors have also been examined, with regard to the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. The roles of these above-mentioned growth cytokines have been analyzed by studying various scholastic articles. The complete process of wound healing is implemented and regulated by numerous cytokines and human growth factors. The findings of the study indicate that wound healing of diabetic foot ulcers is a complex and extremely challenging biological and molecular process that involves coordinated efforts of multiple cell types. The therapeutic effects of various growth factors in the clinical management of wounds are chronic venous ulcers, pressure ulcers, and diabetic foot ulcers. It has been concluded that altercations of various cytokines are found in patients enduring diabetic foot ulcers. In a similar way, changes in the level of cytokines are also found in patients suffering from other diabetic complications such as diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Subsequently, the diabetic wound healing process can be accelerated by regulating the levels of the cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zubair
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jamal Ahmad
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
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134
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Ma Y, Li W, Yazdizadeh Shotorbani P, Dubansky BH, Huang L, Chaudhari S, Wu P, Wang LA, Ryou MG, Zhou Z, Ma R. Comparison of diabetic nephropathy between male and female eNOS -/-db/ db mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F889-F897. [PMID: 30810354 PMCID: PMC6580249 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00023.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex is an important biological variable that impacts diverse physiological and pathological processes, including the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient (eNOS-/-) db/db mouse is an appropriate and valuable model to study mechanisms in the development of diabetic nephropathy because of the similarities of the features of diabetic kidney disease in this model to those in humans. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there was a sex difference in renal injury in eNOS-/-db/db mice. Both male and female eNOS-/-db/db mice showed hyperglycemia, obesity, and renal hypertrophy. However, there was no significant difference in those variables between male and female mice. Furthermore, both male and female diabetic mice showed progressive albuminuria and significantly greater levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen compared with the same sex of wild-type mice (nondiabetic controls). Although all three variables in female eNOS-/-db/db mice had a tendency to be greater than those in male eNOS-/-db/db mice, those sex differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, both male and female eNOS-/-db/db mice showed significant mesangial expansion, higher glomerular injury scores, profound renal fibrosis, and substantial accumulation of fibronectin and collagen type IV proteins. However, sex differences in those structural changes were not observed. Similarly, survival rates of male and female eNOS-/-db/db mice were comparable. Taken together, the results from the present study suggest no sex difference in renal structural and functional damage in eNOS-/-db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Weizu Li
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | | | - Brooke Hopkins Dubansky
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Public Health, Tarleton State University , Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Linjing Huang
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , China
| | - Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Peiwen Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , China
| | - Lei A Wang
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Myoung-Gwi Ryou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Public Health, Tarleton State University , Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
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135
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Souza CS, de Sousa Oliveira BS, Viana GN, Correia TML, de Bragança AC, Canale D, Oliveira MV, de Magalhães ACM, Volpini RA, de Brito Amaral LS, de Jesus Soares T. Preventive effect of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:758-769. [PMID: 31042072 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219843830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT To date, no studies have been found evaluating the effects of physical exercise on renal function and structure changes in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Therefore, this work emerges with an important tool for strengthening and expanding innovative research on exercise with potential for the prevention of renal diseases in ovariectomized diabetic rats, and future development of studies that seek to increase scientific knowledge about the beneficial effects of physical exercise on renal diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Silva Souza
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
| | - Bianca Silva de Sousa Oliveira
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
| | - Geovanildo Nascimento Viana
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
| | - Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
| | - Ana Carolina de Bragança
- 2 Departamento de Nefrologia, Laboratório de Pesquisa Básica-LIM12, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Daniele Canale
- 2 Departamento de Nefrologia, Laboratório de Pesquisa Básica-LIM12, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
| | - Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
| | - Rildo Aparecido Volpini
- 2 Departamento de Nefrologia, Laboratório de Pesquisa Básica-LIM12, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Liliany Souza de Brito Amaral
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
| | - Telma de Jesus Soares
- 1 Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brasil
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136
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He H, Xiong Y, Li B, Zhu Y, Chen H, Ao Y, Wang H. Intrauterine programming of the glucocorticoid-insulin-like growth factor 1 (GC-IGF1) axis mediates glomerulosclerosis in female adult offspring rats induced by prenatal ethanol exposure. Toxicol Lett 2019; 311:17-26. [PMID: 31039417 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) causes intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and the occurrence of glomerulosclerosis is closely related to IUGR. This study aimed to confirm the kidney toxic effect of PEE and explore its intrauterine programming mechanism in female offspring. The Wistar female fetuses on gestational day (GD) 20 and the adult offspring at postnatal week 24 were anesthetized and decapitated. The adult offspring kidneys in the PEE group displayed glomerular hyperplasia and glomerulosclerosis. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the BUN / Serum creatinine (Scr) concentration ratio in the PEE group was increased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Meanwhile, the renal glucocorticoid-activation system was inhibited, whereas the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling pathway was activated in the female adult offspring of the PEE group. In the fetal kidney of the PEE group, pathological observation showed kidney dysplasia, and the gene expression of the glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine kinase receptor (GDNF/c-Ret) signaling pathway was reduced compared to that of the control group. Moreover, the glucocorticoid-activation system was activated, whereas the IGF1 signaling pathway was inhibited in the fetal kidneys of the PEE group. In conclusion, PEE caused fetal kidney dysplasia and adult glomerulosclerosis in the female offspring rats, and the intrauterine programming alteration of glucocorticoid-insulin-like growth factor 1 (GC-IGF1) axis might be involved in fetal-originated glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyuan He
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Haiyun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying Ao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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137
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Deng Y, Gong W, Li Q, Wu X, Wu L, Zheng X, Chen W, Huang H. Resveratrol inhibits high glucose-induced activation of AP-1 and NF-κB via SphK1/S1P2 pathway to attenuate mesangial cells proliferation and inflammation. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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138
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Ni Z, Guo L, Liu F, Olatunji OJ, Yin M. Allium tuberosum alleviates diabetic nephropathy by supressing hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in high fat diet/streptozotocin treated rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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139
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Grange C, Tritta S, Tapparo M, Cedrino M, Tetta C, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit and revert fibrosis progression in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4468. [PMID: 30872726 PMCID: PMC6418239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to reprogram injured cells by activating regenerative processes. We herein investigate the potential therapeutic effect of EVs, shed by human bone marrow MSCs and by human liver stem-like cells (HLSCs), on the progression and reversion of fibrosis in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy, as induced by streptozotocin. After the development of nephropathy, stem cell-derived EVs were administered weekly to diabetic mice for four weeks. The stem cell-derived EV treatment, but not the fibroblast EV treatment that was used as a control, significantly ameliorated functional parameters, such as albumin/creatinine excretion, plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, which are altered in diabetic mice. Moreover, the renal fibrosis that develops during diabetic nephropathy progression was significantly inhibited in stem cell EV-treated animals. A correlation was found between the down regulation of several pro-fibrotic genes in renal tissues and the anti-fibrotic effect of HLSC and MSC EVs. A comparative analysis of HLSC and MSC EV miRNA content highlighted some common and some specific patterns of miRNAs that target predicted pro-fibrotic genes. In conclusion, stem cell-derived EVs inhibit fibrosis and prevent its progression in a model of diabetes-induced chronic kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Tritta
- Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Tapparo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Cedrino
- Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. .,Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. .,2i3T Società per la gestione dell'incubatore di imprese e per il trasferimento tecnologico Scarl, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. .,Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. .,2i3T Società per la gestione dell'incubatore di imprese e per il trasferimento tecnologico Scarl, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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140
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Nilsson LM, Zhang L, Bondar A, Svensson D, Wernerson A, Brismar H, Scott L, Aperia A. Prompt apoptotic response to high glucose in SGLT-expressing renal cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F1078-F1089. [PMID: 30864838 PMCID: PMC6580252 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00615.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is generally believed that cells that are unable to downregulate glucose transport are particularly vulnerable to hyperglycemia. Yet, little is known about the relation between expression of glucose transporters and acute toxic effects of high glucose exposure. In the present ex vivo study of rat renal cells, we compared the apoptotic response to a moderate increase in glucose concentration. We studied cell types that commonly are targeted in diabetic kidney disease (DKD): proximal tubule cells, which express Na+-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT)2, mesangial cells, which express SGLT1, and podocytes, which lack SGLT and take up glucose via insulin-dependent glucose transporter 4. Proximal tubule cells and mesangial cells responded within 4–8 h of exposure to 15 mM glucose with translocation of the apoptotic protein Bax to mitochondria and an increased apoptotic index. SGLT downregulation and exposure to SGLT inhibitors abolished the apoptotic response. The onset of overt DKD generally coincides with the onset of albuminuria. Albumin had an additive effect on the apoptotic response. Ouabain, which interferes with the apoptotic onset, rescued from the apoptotic response. Insulin-supplemented podocytes remained resistant to 15 and 30 mM glucose for at least 24 h. Our study points to a previously unappreciated role of SGLT-dependent glucose uptake as a risk factor for diabetic complications and highlights the importance of therapeutic approaches that specifically target the different cell types in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnéa M Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Liang Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Alexander Bondar
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirisk, Russia
| | - Daniel Svensson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Annika Wernerson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Hjalmar Brismar
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lena Scott
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anita Aperia
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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141
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Kim HR, Kim SY. Perilla frutescens Sprout Extract Protect Renal Mesangial Cell Dysfunction against High Glucose by Modulating AMPK and NADPH Oxidase Signaling. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020356. [PMID: 30744045 PMCID: PMC6413074 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. var. japonica (Hassk.) Hara (PF), is a medical herb of the Lamiaceae family. We have previously reported that the PF sprout extract (PFSE) is effective in treating hyperglycemia. However, the role of PFSE on glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) proliferation and the extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in a diabetic condition are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we have investigated the role of PFSE on cell proliferation and ECM accumulation in murine glomerular MCs (MMCs), cultured under a high glucose (HG) condition. PFSE treatment attenuated HG-induced MMCs proliferation and hypertrophy. Moreover, the HG-induced ECM protein, collagen IV and fibronectin, overexpression was abolished by the PFFSE treatment. In addition, PFSE inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and NOX2 and NOX4 expression in MMCs under a HG condition. Our data further revealed the involvement of mesangial cell damage in AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation. PFSE strongly activated AMPK in MMCs under hyperglycemic conditions. These results suggest that PFSE inhibits HG-medicated MC fibrosis through suppressing the activation of NOX2/4 and the AMPK activation mechanism. PFSE may be useful for the prevention or treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Rim Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, 54810, Wonjangdong-gil 111-27, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, 54810, Wonjangdong-gil 111-27, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
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142
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Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and related molecules in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:287-313. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20180438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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143
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Zhang HX, Yuan J, Li YF, Li RS. Thalidomide decreases high glucose-induced extracellular matrix protein synthesis in mesangial cells via the AMPK pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:927-934. [PMID: 30651882 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous study demonstrated the renal-protective effect of thalidomide (Thd) in diabetic nephropathy rats through the activation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibition of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog signaling pathways. The association between AMPK inactivation and high glucose (HG)-induced meningeal cell (MC) proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation via NF-κB and TGF-β1 signaling remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to demonstrate the effects of Thd on cell proliferation and ECM expression in HG-cultured MCs and the underlying mechanisms. HG-cultured human MCs were treated with Thd. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay and quantification of cell proliferation was based on the measurement of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. The differences in TGF-β1, fibronectin and MCP-1 protein expression levels were detected via ELISA and western blot analysis. The AMPK signaling pathway was also examined by western blot analysis in MCs. Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor and AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1β-D-ribofuranoside), an AMPK agonist, were used to analyze the functional role of AMPK in MCs. Cell proliferation was significantly decreased in HG-cultured MCs following treatment with high concentrations of Thd (100 and 200 µg/ml) for 24 h compared with the HG-cultured MC group. Thd suppressed the inflammatory processes in HG-induced MCs. These effects were partially mediated through the activation of AMPK and inhibition of the NF-κB/MCP-1 signaling pathways. Taken together, these results suggest that Thd may have therapeutic potential in diabetic renal injury via the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Feng Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Shan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
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144
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Notoginsenoside R1 Protects db/db Mice against Diabetic Nephropathy via Upregulation of Nrf2-Mediated HO-1 Expression. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020247. [PMID: 30634720 PMCID: PMC6359411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage renal failure, and no effective treatment is available. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is a novel saponin that is derived from Panax notoginseng, and our previous studies showed the cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects of NGR1. However, its role in protecting against DN remains unexplored. Herein, we established an experimental model in db/db mice and HK-2 cells exposed to advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The in vivo investigation showed that NGR1 treatment increased serum lipid, β2-microglobulin, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels of db/db mice. NGR1 attenuated histological abnormalities of kidney, as evidenced by reducing the glomerular volume and fibrosis in diabetic kidneys. In vitro, NGR1 treatment was further found to decrease AGE-induced mitochondria injury, limit an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reduce apoptosis in HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, NGR1 promoted nucleus nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expressions to eliminate ROS that induced apoptosis and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling. In summary, these observations demonstrate that NGR1 exerts renoprotective effects against DN through the inhibition of apoptosis and renal fibrosis caused by oxidative stress. NGR1 might be a potential therapeutic medicine for the treatment of DN.
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145
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Mortensen SP, Winding KM, Iepsen UW, Munch GW, Marcussen N, Hellsten Y, Pedersen BK, Baum O. The effect of two exercise modalities on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:360-368. [PMID: 30480353 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with microvascular dysfunction, but little is known about how capillary ultrastructure is affected by exercise training. To investigate the effect of two types of exercise training on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure and capillarization in individuals with type 2 diabetes, 21 individuals with type 2 diabetes were allocated (randomized controlled trial) to 11 weeks of aerobic exercise training consisting of either moderate-intensity endurance training (END; n = 10) or low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 11). Skeletal muscle biopsies (m vastus lateralis) were obtained before and after the training intervention. At baseline, there was no difference in capillarization, capillary structure, and exercise hyperemia between the two groups. After the training intervention, capillary-to-fiber ratio increased by 8% ± 3% in the END group (P < 0.05) and was unchanged in the HIIT group with no difference between groups. Endothelium thickness increased (P < 0.05), basement membrane thickness decreased (P < 0.05), and the capillary lumen tended (P = 0.07) to increase in the END group, whereas these structural indicators were unchanged after HIIT. In contrast, skeletal muscle endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) increased after HIIT (P < 0.05), but not END, whereas there was no change in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2, or NADPH oxidase after both training protocols. In contrast to END training, HIIT did not alter capillarization or capillary structure in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, HIIT appears to be a less effective strategy to treat capillary rarefaction and reduce basement thickening in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Peter Mortensen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Munch Winding
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Winning Iepsen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gregers Winding Munch
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Marcussen
- Institute of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ylva Hellsten
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Klarlund Pedersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oliver Baum
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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146
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Wang Y, Xue L, Li H, Shi J, Chen B. Knockdown of FOXO6 inhibits cell proliferation and ECM accumulation in glomerular mesangial cells cultured under high glucose condition. RSC Adv 2019; 9:1741-1746. [PMID: 35518006 PMCID: PMC9059738 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10547b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box O 6 (FOXO6), a FOX transcription factor, has been found to be involved in diabetes mellitus and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqian Wang
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Endocrinology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- P. R. China
| | - Huicong Li
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- P. R. China
| | - Baoping Chen
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- P. R. China
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147
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Abstract
The main cellular constituents in glomerular mesangium are mesangial cells, which account for approximately 30-40% of the total cells in the glomerulus. Together with the mesangial matrix, mesangial cells form the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in the glomerulus, whose main function is to perform the filtration. Under the pathologic conditions, mesangial cells are activated, leading to hyperproliferation and excess extracellular matrix (ECM). Moreover, mesangial cells also secrete several kinds of inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, chemokines, and enzymes, all of which participate in the process of renal glomerular fibrosis. During the past years, researchers have revealed the roles of mesangial cells and the associated signal pathways involved in renal fibrosis. In this section, we will discuss how mesangial cells are activated and its contributions to renal fibrosis, as well as the molecular mechanisms and novel anti-fibrotic agents. Full understanding of the contributions of mesangial cells to renal fibrosis will benefit the clinical drug developing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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148
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Chen Z, Dong F, Lu J, Wei L, Tian L, Ge H, Zou Y, Ma X, Yang Y, Zhou L, Han J, Fu R, Wang L. Polarized M2c macrophages have a promoting effect on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of human renal tubular epithelial cells. Immunobiology 2018; 223:826-833. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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149
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Liu Z, Han Y, Zhao F, Zhao Z, Tian J, Jia K. Nobiletin suppresses high-glucose-induced inflammation and ECM accumulation in human mesangial cells through STAT3/NF-κB pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3467-3473. [PMID: 30499124 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of chronic diabetes and the main cause of end-stage renal disease all over the world. Inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation play important roles in the pathogenesis of DN. Evidence suggested that nobiletin acts anti-inflammatory role and plays a critical role in diabetes; however, its role in DN remains unclear. In the current study, we promulgated the nobiletin involved in high-glucose-induced glomerular mesangial cell inflammation and ECM accumulation. Nobiletin treatment significantly abrogated high-glucose-induced glomerular mesangial cell proliferation. Nobiletin treatment markedly suppressed inflammation cytokine secretion, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in high-glucose-induced glomerular mesangial cell. Also, exposed nobiletin to high-glucose-induced glomerular mesangial cell considerably reduced ECM accumulation through inhibited ECM-associated protein type 4 collagen and fibronectin expression. Furthermore, nobiletin treatment abolished nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway activation through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibition. Overexpression STAT3 reversed the effects of nobiletin on high-glucose-induced glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation, ECM accumulation, and NF-κB pathway activation. Hence, our results suggest that nobiletin play roles in high-glucose-induced glomerular mesangial cells through inhibiting inflammation and ECM accumulation, and the STAT3/NF-κB pathway was involved in the function of nobiletin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine II, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Yanru Han
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine II, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Fucheng Zhao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine II, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Zhenxia Zhao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine II, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Junlei Tian
- Department of Neurology IV, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Kui Jia
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine II, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
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150
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Wang X, Qin A, Xiao F, Olatunji OJ, Zhang S, Pan D, Han W, Wang D, Ni Y. N 6 -(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine from Cordyceps cicadae protects against diabetic kidney disease via alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammation. J Food Biochem 2018; 43:e12727. [PMID: 31353654 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the kidney-protective ability of N6 -(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the rats by the administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg, i.p) and treated with HEA for 6 weeks. Diabetic rats displayed marked increase in blood glucose, serum creatinine (Scr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), in addition to high excretion of urinary protein and albumin. Furthermore, diabetic rats showed decreased renal levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as renal concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and TGF-β1). Treatment of diabetic rats with HEA (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly increased the renal antioxidant level, reduced the levels of blood glucose, Scr, BUN, urinary protein, albumin, and pro-inflammatory mediators in a dose-dependent fashion. Histological evaluation of the kidney of diabetic rats indicated that HEA also ameliorated glomerular and tubular changes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: HEA is a bioactive constituent isolated from Cordyceps cicadae and has been shown to possess antihyperglycemic, kidney protective, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory effects in diabetic rats. HEA stimulated the antioxidant enzymes' activities in the kidney tissues as well as reduced pro-inflammatory mediators, indicating its antidiabetic and renoprotective effects in diabetic models. The results showed that HEA attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation in kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aiqiong Qin
- Department of Gerontology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Gerontology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Opeyemi J Olatunji
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Shuyuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Liaocheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, China
| | - Dong Pan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Weizhe Han
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Daoqing Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yihong Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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