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Cao L, Yu Y, DuanMu H, Chen C, Duan X, Zhu P, Chen R, Li Q, Zhu Y, Ding X. A novel Glycine soja homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) I gene, Gshdz4, positively regulates bicarbonate tolerance and responds to osmotic stress in Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:184. [PMID: 27553065 PMCID: PMC4995822 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0872-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wild soybean (Glycine soja) is a highly adaptive plant species which can grow well in saline-alkaline soils. In soybean genome, there exist about 140 HD-Zip (Homeodomain-leucine Zipper) genes. HD-Zip transcription factor family is one of the largest plant specific superfamilies and plays important roles in response to abiotic stresses. Although HD-Zip transcription factors have been broadly reported to be involved in plant resistance to abiotic stresses like salt and drought, their roles in response to bicarbonate stress is largely unknown. RESULTS From our previous transcriptome profile analysis of wild soybean treated by 50 mM NaHCO3, we identified an HD-Zip gene (Gshdz4) which showed high response to the alkaline stress. Our result of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of Gshdz4 was induced by alkaline stress (NaHCO3) in both leaves and roots of wild soybean. Overexpression of Gshdz4 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced tolerance to NaHCO3 and KHCO3 during the process of plant growth and development. However, the growths of transgenic and WT plants were not significantly different on the medium with high pH adjusted by KOH, implicating Gshdz4 is only responsible for resisting HCO3 (-) but not high pH. The transgenic plants had less MDA contents but higher POD activities and chlorophyll contents than the WT plants. Moreover, the transcript levels of stress-related genes, such as NADP-ME, H (+) -Ppase, RD29B and KIN1 were increased with greater extent in the transgenic plants than the wild plants. On the contrary, Gshdz4 overexpression lines were much sensitive to osmotic stress at seed germination and stocking stages compared to the wild plants. CONCLUSIONS We revealed that the important and special roles of Gshdz4 in enhancing bicarbonate tolerance and responding to osmotic stress. It is the first time to elucidate these novel functions of HD-ZIP transcription factors. All the evidences broaden our understanding of functions of HD-Zip family and provide clues for uncovering the mechanisms of high tolerance of wild soybean to saline-alkaline stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Huizi DuanMu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Xiangbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Pinghui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Ranran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Yanming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
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102
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Yasuda M, Miwa H, Masuda S, Takebayashi Y, Sakakibara H, Okazaki S. Effector-Triggered Immunity Determines Host Genotype-Specific Incompatibility in Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1791-800. [PMID: 27373538 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia leads to the formation of N2-fixing root nodules. In soybean, several host genes, referred to as Rj genes, control nodulation. Soybean cultivars carrying the Rj4 gene restrict nodulation by specific rhizobia such as Bradyrhizobium elkanii We previously reported that the restriction of nodulation was caused by B. elkanii possessing a functional type III secretion system (T3SS), which is known for its delivery of virulence factors by pathogenic bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the molecular basis for the T3SS-dependent nodulation restriction in Rj4 soybean. Inoculation tests revealed that soybean cultivar BARC-2 (Rj4/Rj4) restricted nodulation by B. elkanii USDA61, whereas its nearly isogenic line BARC-3 (rj4/rj4) formed nitrogen-fixing nodules with the same strain. Root-hair curling and infection threads were not observed in the roots of BARC-2 inoculated with USDA61, indicating that Rj4 blocked B. elkanii infection in the early stages. Accumulation of H2O2 and salicylic acid (SA) was observed in the roots of BARC-2 inoculated with USDA61. Transcriptome analyses revealed that inoculation of USDA61, but not its T3SS mutant in BARC-2, induced defense-related genes, including those coding for hypersensitive-induced responsive protein, which act in effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in Arabidopsis. These findings suggest that B. elkanii T3SS triggers the SA-mediated ETI-type response in Rj4 soybean, which consequently blocks symbiotic interactions. This study revealed a common molecular mechanism underlying both plant-pathogen and plant-symbiont interactions, and suggests that establishment of a root nodule symbiosis requires the evasion or suppression of plant immune responses triggered by rhizobial effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yasuda
- International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Hiroki Miwa
- International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Sachiko Masuda
- International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
| | - Yumiko Takebayashi
- Plant Productivity Systems Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- Plant Productivity Systems Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Shin Okazaki
- International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509 Japan
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103
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Kim SW, Gupta R, Lee SH, Min CW, Agrawal GK, Rakwal R, Kim JB, Jo IH, Park SY, Kim JK, Kim YC, Bang KH, Kim ST. An Integrated Biochemical, Proteomics, and Metabolomics Approach for Supporting Medicinal Value of Panax ginseng Fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:994. [PMID: 27458475 PMCID: PMC4930952 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Panax ginseng roots are well known for their medicinal properties and have been used in Korean and Chinese traditional medicines for 1000s of years. However, the medicinal value of P. ginseng fruits remain poorly characterized. In this study, we used an integrated biochemical, proteomics, and metabolomics approach to look into the medicinal properties of ginseng fruits. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] assays showed higher antioxidant activities in ginseng fruits than leaves or roots. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiling of ginseng fruit proteins (cv. Cheongsun) showed more than 400 spots wherein a total of 81 protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry using NCBInr, UniRef, and an in-house developed RNAseq (59,251 protein sequences)-based databases. Gene ontology analysis showed that most of the identified proteins were related to the hydrolase (18%), oxidoreductase (16%), and ATP binding (15%) activities. Further, a comparative proteome analysis of four cultivars of ginseng fruits (cvs. Yunpoong, Gumpoong, Chunpoong, and Cheongsun) led to the identification of 22 differentially modulated protein spots. Using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF MS), 66 metabolites including amino acids, sugars, organic acids, phenolic acids, phytosterols, tocopherols, and policosanols were identified and quantified. Some of these are well known medicinal compounds and were not previously identified in ginseng. Interestingly, the concentration of almost all metabolites was higher in the Chunpoong and Gumpoong cultivars. Parallel comparison of the four cultivars also revealed higher amounts of the medicinal metabolites in Chunpoong and Gumpoong cultivars. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ginseng fruits are a rich source of medicinal compounds with potential beneficial health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- So W. Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, MiryangSouth Korea
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, MiryangSouth Korea
| | - Seo H. Lee
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, MiryangSouth Korea
| | - Cheol W. Min
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, MiryangSouth Korea
| | - Ganesh K. Agrawal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry, KathmanduNepal
- Global Research Arch for Developing Education Academy Private Limited, BirgunjNepal
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry, KathmanduNepal
- Global Research Arch for Developing Education Academy Private Limited, BirgunjNepal
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences and Tsukuba International Academy for Sport Studies, University of Tsukuba, IbarakiJapan
- Global Research Center for Innovative Life Science, Peptide Drug Innovation, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, TokyoJapan
| | - Jong B. Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Choong-JuSouth Korea
| | - Ick H. Jo
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, Rural Development Administration, EumseongSouth Korea
| | - Soo-Yun Park
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-doSouth Korea
| | - Jae K. Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, IncheonSouth Korea
| | - Young-Chang Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, Rural Development Administration, EumseongSouth Korea
| | - Kyong H. Bang
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, Rural Development Administration, EumseongSouth Korea
| | - Sun T. Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, MiryangSouth Korea
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104
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Mekonnen DW, Ludewig F. Phenotypic and chemotypic studies using Arabidopsis and yeast reveal that GHB converts to SSA and induce toxicity. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:429-40. [PMID: 27037708 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a naturally occurring compound. It is detected in organisms such as yeasts, plants and mammals. GHB is produced from the reduction of succinic semialdehyde (SSA) by the activity of GHB dehydrogenase. Arabidopsis genome contains two GHB dehydrogenase encoding genes. The accumulation of GHB in ssadh mutants led to the speculation that GHB is the cause of aberrant phenotypes. Conversely, the accumulation of GHB in Arabidopsis plants subjected to abiotic stresses was described as a way of avoiding SSA induced damage. To resolve these contrasting views on GHB, we examined the effect of exogenous GHB and SSA on the growth of yeast and Arabidopsis plants. GHB concentrations up to 1.5 mM didn't affect shoots of Arabidopsis plants; however, root growth was inhibited. In contrast, 0.3 mM SSA has severely affected the growth of plants. Treatment of yeast wild-type strain with 10 mM SSA and 10 mM GHB didn't affect the growth. However, the growth of yeast uga2 mutant was greatly inhibited by the same concentration of SSA, but not GHB. Metabolic analysis and enzyme activity assay on native gel showed that Arabidopsis, but not yeast, possesses a GHB dehydrogenase activity that converts GHB back to SSA. The enzymatic assay has also indicated the existence of an additional GHB dehydrogenase encoding gene(s) in Arabidopsis genome. Taken together, we conclude that GHB is less toxic than SSA. Its accumulation in ssadh mutants and during abiotic stresses is a response to avoid the SSA induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Worku Mekonnen
- Cologne Biocenter, Botanical Institute II, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Frank Ludewig
- Cologne Biocenter, Botanical Institute II, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Division of Biochemistry, Department Biology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstr. 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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105
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Kotchoni SO, Gachomo EW, Slobodenko K, Shain DH. AMP deaminase suppression increases biomass, cold tolerance and oil content in green algae. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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106
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García AC, Santos LA, de Souza LGA, Tavares OCH, Zonta E, Gomes ETM, García-Mina JM, Berbara RLL. Vermicompost humic acids modulate the accumulation and metabolism of ROS in rice plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 192:56-63. [PMID: 26851887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to determine the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, gene expression, anti-oxidant enzyme activity, and derived effects on membrane lipid peroxidation and certain stress markers (proline and malondialdehyde-MDA) in the roots of unstressed and PEG-stressed rice plants associated with vermicompost humic acid (VCHA) application. The results show that the application of VCHA to the roots of unstressed rice plants caused a slight but significant increase in root ROS accumulation and the gene expression and activity of the major anti-oxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase). This action did not have negative effects on root development, and an increase in both root growth and root proliferation occurred. However, the root proline and MDA concentrations and the root permeability results indicate the development of a type of mild stress associated with VCHA application. When VCHA was applied to PEG-stressed plants, a clear alleviation of the inhibition in root development linked to PEG-mediated osmotic stress was observed. This was associated with a reduction in root ROS production and anti-oxidant enzymatic activity caused by osmotic stress. This alleviation of stress caused by VCHA was also reflected as a reduction in the PEG-mediated concentration of MDA in the root as well as root permeability. In summary, the beneficial action of VCHA on the root development of unstressed or PEG-stressed rice plants clearly involves the modulation of ROS accumulation in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Calderín García
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ), Department of Soil, Soil Biology Laboratory, Rodovia BR 465km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Azevedo Santos
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ), Department of Soil, Soil Biology Laboratory, Rodovia BR 465km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Gilberto Ambrósio de Souza
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ), Department of Soil, Soil Biology Laboratory, Rodovia BR 465km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
| | - Orlando Carlos Huertas Tavares
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ), Department of Soil, Soil Biology Laboratory, Rodovia BR 465km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
| | - Everaldo Zonta
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ), Department of Soil, Soil Biology Laboratory, Rodovia BR 465km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
| | - Ernane Tarcisio Martins Gomes
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ), Department of Soil, Soil Biology Laboratory, Rodovia BR 465km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
| | - José Maria García-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology, Agricultural Chemistry and Biology Group-CMI Roullier, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Luis Louro Berbara
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ), Department of Soil, Soil Biology Laboratory, Rodovia BR 465km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.
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107
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Ma CL, Qi YP, Liang WW, Yang LT, Lu YB, Guo P, Ye X, Chen LS. MicroRNA Regulatory Mechanisms on Citrus sinensis leaves to Magnesium-Deficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:201. [PMID: 26973661 PMCID: PMC4778066 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg)-deficiency, which affects crop productivity and quality, widespreadly exists in many agricultural crops, including citrus. However, very limited data are available on Mg-deficiency-responsive microRNAs (miRNAs) in higher plants. Using Illumina sequencing, we isolated 75 (73 known and 2 novel) up- and 71 (64 known and 7 novel) down-regulated miRNAs from Mg-deficient Citrus sinensis leaves. In addition to the remarkable metabolic flexibility as indicated by the great alteration of miRNA expression, the adaptive responses of leaf miRNAs to Mg-deficiency might also involve the following several aspects: (a) up-regulating stress-related genes by down-regulating miR164, miR7812, miR5742, miR3946, and miR5158; (b) enhancing cell transport due to decreased expression of miR3946 and miR5158 and increased expression of miR395, miR1077, miR1160, and miR8019; (c) activating lipid metabolism-related genes by repressing miR158, miR5256, and miR3946; (d) inducing cell wall-related gene expansin 8A by repressing miR779; and (e) down-regulating the expression of genes involved in the maintenance of S, K and Cu by up-regulating miR395 and miR6426. To conclude, we isolated some new known miRNAs (i.e., miR7812, miR8019, miR6218, miR1533, miR6426, miR5256, miR5742, miR5561, miR5158, and miR5818) responsive to nutrient deficiencies and found some candidate miRNAs that might contribute to Mg-deficiency tolerance. Therefore, our results not only provide novel information about the responses of plant to Mg-deficiency, but also are useful for obtaining the key miRNAs for plant Mg-deficiency tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Lan Ma
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ping Qi
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Medical SciencesFuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liang
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yang
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Bin Lu
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
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108
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Curien G, Giustini C, Montillet JL, Mas-Y-Mas S, Cobessi D, Ferrer JL, Matringe M, Grechkin A, Rolland N. The chloroplast membrane associated ceQORH putative quinone oxidoreductase reduces long-chain, stress-related oxidized lipids. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 122:45-55. [PMID: 26678323 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Under oxidative stress conditions the lipid constituents of cells can undergo oxidation whose frequent consequence is the production of highly reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyls. These molecules are toxic because they can add to biomolecules (such as proteins and nucleic acids) and several enzyme activities cooperate to eliminate these reactive electrophile species. CeQORH (chloroplast envelope Quinone Oxidoreductase Homolog, At4g13010) is associated with the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope and imported into the organelle by an alternative import pathway. In the present study, we show that the recombinant ceQORH exhibits the activity of a NADPH-dependent α,β-unsaturated oxoene reductase reducing the double bond of medium-chain (C⩾9) to long-chain (18 carbon atoms) reactive electrophile species deriving from poly-unsaturated fatty acid peroxides. The best substrates of ceQORH are 13-lipoxygenase-derived γ-ketols. γ-Ketols are spontaneously produced in the chloroplast from the unstable allene oxide formed in the biochemical pathway leading to 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, a precursor of the defense hormone jasmonate. In chloroplasts, ceQORH could detoxify 13-lipoxygenase-derived γ-ketols at their production sites in the membranes. This finding opens new routes toward the understanding of γ-ketols role and detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Curien
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38054 Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, F-38054 Grenoble, France; INRA, USC1359, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, UMR 5168, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
| | - Cécile Giustini
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38054 Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, F-38054 Grenoble, France; INRA, USC1359, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, UMR 5168, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Montillet
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Centre de Cadarache, Direction des Sciences du Vivant (DSV), Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie (IBEB), Service de Biologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Environnementale (SBVME), Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 7265, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/CEA/Aix-Marseille Université, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Sarah Mas-Y-Mas
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38044 Grenoble, France
| | - David Cobessi
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Ferrer
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Matringe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38054 Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, F-38054 Grenoble, France; INRA, USC1359, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, UMR 5168, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Norbert Rolland
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38054 Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, F-38054 Grenoble, France; INRA, USC1359, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, UMR 5168, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France
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109
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Xie X, Huang A, Gu W, Zang Z, Pan G, Gao S, He L, Zhang B, Niu J, Lin A, Wang G. Photorespiration participates in the assimilation of acetate in Chlorella sorokiniana under high light. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 209:987-998. [PMID: 26439434 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of microalgae on an industrial scale largely depends on the economic feasibility of mass production. High light induces productive suspensions during cultivation in a tubular photobioreactor. Herein, we report that high light, which inhibited the growth of Chlorella sorokiniana under autotrophic conditions, enhanced the growth of this alga in the presence of acetate. We compared pigments, proteomics and the metabolic flux ratio in C. sorokiniana cultivated under high light (HL) and under low light (LL) in the presence of acetate. Our results showed that high light induced the synthesis of xanthophyll and suppressed the synthesis of chlorophylls. Acetate in the medium was exhausted much more rapidly in HL than in LL. The data obtained from LC-MS/MS indicated that high light enhanced photorespiration, the Calvin cycle and the glyoxylate cycle of mixotrophic C. sorokiniana. The results of metabolic flux ratio analysis showed that the majority of the assimilated carbon derived from supplemented acetate, and photorespiratory glyoxylate could enter the glyoxylate cycle. Based on these data, we conclude that photorespiration provides glyoxylate to speed up the glyoxylate cycle, and releases acetate-derived CO2 for the Calvin cycle. Thus, photorespiration connects the glyoxylate cycle and the Calvin cycle, and participates in the assimilation of supplemented acetate in C. sorokiniana under high light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Aiyou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhengrong Zang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Guanghua Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Linwen He
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Baoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianfeng Niu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Apeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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Sofo A, Scopa A, Hashem A, Abd‐Allah EF. Lipid metabolism and oxidation in plants subjected to abiotic stresses. PLANT‐ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION 2016:205-213. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119081005.ch11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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111
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Wang X, Xin C, Cai J, Zhou Q, Dai T, Cao W, Jiang D. Heat Priming Induces Trans-generational Tolerance to High Temperature Stress in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:501. [PMID: 27148324 PMCID: PMC4830833 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Wheat plants are very sensitive to high temperature stress during grain filling. Effects of heat priming applied to the first generation on tolerance of the successive generation to post-anthesis high temperature stress were investigated. Compared with the progeny of non-heat primed plants (NH), the progeny of heat-primed plants (PH) possessed higher grain yield, leaf photosynthesis and activities of antioxidant enzymes and lower cell membrane damage under high temperature stress. In the transcriptome profile, 1430 probes showed obvious difference in expression between PH and NH. These genes were related to signal transduction, transcription, energy, defense, and protein destination and storage, respectively. The gene encoding the lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) which was involved in histone demethylation related to epigenetic modification was up-regulated in the PH compared with NH. The proteome analysis indicated that the proteins involved in photosynthesis, energy production and protein destination and storage were up-regulated in the PH compared with NH. In short, thermos-tolerance was induced through heritable epigenetic alternation and signaling transduction, both processes further triggered prompt modifications of defense related responses in anti-oxidation, transcription, energy production, and protein destination and storage in the progeny of the primed plants under high temperature stress. It was concluded that trans-generation thermo-tolerance was induced by heat priming in the first generation, and this might be an effective measure to cope with severe high-temperature stresses during key growth stages in wheat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Caiyun Xin
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Jian Cai
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Jiang, ; Qin Zhou,
| | - Tingbo Dai
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Weixing Cao
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- National Technology Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Jiang, ; Qin Zhou,
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112
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Ma X, Xia H, Liu Y, Wei H, Zheng X, Song C, Chen L, Liu H, Luo L. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Studies Disclose Key Metabolism Pathways Contributing to Well-maintained Photosynthesis under the Drought and the Consequent Drought-Tolerance in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1886. [PMID: 28066455 PMCID: PMC5174129 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to wild species, drought-tolerance in crops requires a fully functional metabolism during drought (particularly photosynthetic processes). However, the link between drought-tolerance, photosynthetic regulation during drought, and the associated transcript and metabolic foundation, remains largely unknown. For this study, we used two rice cultivars with contrasting drought-tolerance (the drought-intolerant cultivar IRAT109 and the drought-tolerant cultivar IAC1246) to explore transcript and metabolic responses to long-term drought. The drought-tolerant cultivar represented higher osmotic adjustment and antioxidant capacity, as well as higher relative photosynthesis rate under a progressive drought stress occurred in a modified field with shallow soil-layers. A total of 4059 and 2677 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in IRAT109 and IAC1246 between the drought and well-watered conditions, respectively. A total of 69 and 47 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified between the two treatments in IRAT109 and IAC1246, respectively. Compared to IRAT109, the DEGs of IAC1246 displayed enhanced regulatory amplitude during drought. We found significant correlations between DEGs and the osmolality and total antioxidant capacity (AOC) of both cultivars. During the early stages of drought, we detected up-regulation of DEGs in IAC1246 related to photosynthesis, in accordance with its higher relative photosynthesis rate. The contents of six differential metabolites were correlated with the osmotic potential and AOC. Moreover, they were differently regulated between the two cultivars. Particularly, up-regulations of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and ferulic acid were consistent with the performance of photosynthesis-related DEGs at the early stages of drought in IAC1246. Therefore, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and ferulic acid were considered as key metabolites for rice drought-tolerance. DEGs involved in pathways of these metabolites are expected to be good candidate genes to improve drought-tolerance. In conclusion, well-maintained photosynthesis under drought should contribute to improved drought-tolerance in rice. Metabolites play vital roles in protecting photosynthesis under dehydration via osmotic adjustments and/or antioxidant mechanisms. A metabolite-based method was thus an effective way to explore drought candidate genes. Metabolic accompanied by transcript responses to drought stress should be further studied to find more useful metabolites, pathways, and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Ma
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
| | - Yunhua Liu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
| | - Haibin Wei
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
| | | | - Congzhi Song
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene CenterShanghai, China
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Lijun Luo
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113
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Buffon G, Blasi ÉAR, Adamski JM, Ferla NJ, Berger M, Santi L, Lavallée-Adam M, Yates JR, Beys-da-Silva WO, Sperotto RA. Physiological and Molecular Alterations Promoted by Schizotetranychus oryzae Mite Infestation in Rice Leaves. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:431-46. [PMID: 26667653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Infestation of phytophagous mite Schizotetranychus oryzae in rice causes critical yield losses. To better understand this interaction, we employed Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology (MudPIT) approach to identify differentially expressed proteins. We detected 18 and 872 unique proteins in control and infested leaves, respectively, along with 32 proteins more abundant in control leaves. S. oryzae infestation caused decreased abundance of proteins related to photosynthesis (mostly photosystem II-related), carbon assimilation and energy production, chloroplast detoxification, defense, and fatty acid and gibberellin synthesis. On the contrary, infestation caused increased abundance of proteins involved in protein modification and degradation, gene expression at the translation level, protein partitioning to different organelles, lipid metabolism, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and synthesis of jasmonate, amino acid, and molecular chaperones. Our results also suggest that S. oryzae infestation promotes cell-wall remodeling and interferes with ethylene biosynthesis in rice leaves. Proteomic data were positively correlated with enzymatic assays and RT-qPCR analysis. Our findings describe the protein expression patterns of infested rice leaves and suggest that the acceptor side of PSII is probably the major damaged target in the photosynthetic apparatus. These data will be useful in future biotechnological approaches aiming to induce phytophagous mite resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mathieu Lavallée-Adam
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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114
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Azad K, Kaminskyj S. A fungal endophyte strategy for mitigating the effect of salt and drought stress on plant growth. Symbiosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-015-0370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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115
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Yendrek CR, Koester RP, Ainsworth EA. A comparative analysis of transcriptomic, biochemical, and physiological responses to elevated ozone identifies species-specific mechanisms of resilience in legume crops. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:7101-12. [PMID: 26324463 PMCID: PMC4765784 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Current concentrations of tropospheric ozone ([O3]) pollution negatively impact plant metabolism, which can result in decreased crop yields. Interspecific variation in the physiological response of plants to elevated [O3] exists; however, the underlying cellular responses explaining species-specific differences are largely unknown. Here, a physiological screen has been performed on multiple varieties of legume species. Three varieties of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) were resilient to elevated [O3]. Garden pea showed no change in photosynthetic capacity or leaf longevity when exposed to elevated [O3], in contrast to varieties of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Global transcriptomic and targeted biochemical analyses were then done to examine the mechanistic differences in legume responses to elevated [O3]. In all three species, there was an O3-mediated reduction in specific leaf weight and total non-structural carbohydrate content, as well as increased abundance of respiration-related transcripts. Differences specific to garden pea included a pronounced increase in the abundance of GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE transcript, as well as greater contents of foliar glutathione, apoplastic ascorbate, and sucrose in elevated [O3]. These results suggest that garden pea may have had greater capacity for detoxification, which prevented net losses in CO2 fixation in an elevated [O3] environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig R Yendrek
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Robert P Koester
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Ainsworth
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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116
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Singh R, Mishra A, Dhawan SS, Shirke PA, Gupta MM, Sharma A. Physiological performance, secondary metabolite and expression profiling of genes associated with drought tolerance in Withania somnifera. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:1439-1450. [PMID: 25691002 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0771-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Physiological, biochemical, and gene expression responses under drought stress were studied in Withania somnifera. Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and quantum yield of photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII) decreased in response to drought stress. Comparative expression of genes involved in osmoregulation, detoxification, signal transduction, metabolism, and transcription factor was analyzed through quantitative RT-PCR. The genes encoding 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serine threonine-protein kinase (STK), serine threonine protein phosphatase (PSP), aldehyde dehydrogenase (AD), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase/anthocyanin synthase (LD/AS), HSP, MYB, and WRKY have shown upregulation in response to drought stress condition in leaf tissues. Enhanced detoxification and osmoregulation along with increased withanolides production were also observed under drought stress. The results of this study will be helpful in developing stress-tolerant and high secondary metabolite yielding genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Singh
- Plant Physiology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Anand Mishra
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Sunita S Dhawan
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Pramod A Shirke
- Plant Physiology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Madan M Gupta
- Chemical Sciences Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India.
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117
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Kiyota E, Pena IA, Arruda P. The saccharopine pathway in seed development and stress response of maize. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:2450-61. [PMID: 25929294 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Lysine is catabolized in developing plant tissues through the saccharopine pathway. In this pathway, lysine is converted into α-aminoadipic semialdehyde (AASA) by the bifunctional enzyme lysine-ketoglutarate reductase/saccharopine dehydrogenase (LKR/SDH). AASA is then converted into aminoadipic acid (AAA) by aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (AASADH). Here, we show that LKR/SDH and AASADH are co-expressed in the sub-aleurone cell layers of the developing endosperm; however, although AASADH protein is produced in reproductive and vegetative tissues, the LKR/SDH protein is detectable only in the developing endosperm. AASADH showed an optimum pH of 7.4 and Kms for AASA and NAD(+) in the micromolar range. In the developing endosperm, the saccharopine pathway is induced by exogenous lysine and repressed by salt stress, whereas proline and pipecolic acid synthesis are significantly repressed by lysine. In young coleoptiles, the LKR/SDH and AASADH transcriptions are induced by abiotic stress, but while the AASADH protein accumulates in the stressed tissues, the LKR/SDH protein is not produced. In the developing seeds, the saccharopine pathway is used for pipecolic acid synthesis although proline may play a major role in abiotic stress response. The results indicate that the saccharopine pathway in maize seed development and stress responses significantly differ from that observed for dicot plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Kiyota
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-875, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Izabella Agostinho Pena
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-875, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Arruda
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-875, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-875, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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118
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Yang L, Fountain JC, Wang H, Ni X, Ji P, Lee RD, Kemerait RC, Scully BT, Guo B. Stress Sensitivity Is Associated with Differential Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Maize Genotypes with Contrasting Levels of Drought Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24791-819. [PMID: 26492235 PMCID: PMC4632777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress decreases crop growth, yield, and can further exacerbate pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination. Tolerance and adaptation to drought stress is an important trait of agricultural crops like maize. However, maize genotypes with contrasting drought tolerances have been shown to possess both common and genotype-specific adaptations to cope with drought stress. In this research, the physiological and metabolic response patterns in the leaves of maize seedlings subjected to drought stress were investigated using six maize genotypes including: A638, B73, Grace-E5, Lo964, Lo1016, and Va35. During drought treatments, drought-sensitive maize seedlings displayed more severe symptoms such as chlorosis and wilting, exhibited significant decreases in photosynthetic parameters, and accumulated significantly more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) than tolerant genotypes. Sensitive genotypes also showed rapid increases in enzyme activities involved in ROS and RNS metabolism. However, the measured antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in the tolerant genotypes than in the sensitive genotypes in which increased rapidly following drought stress. The results suggest that drought stress causes differential responses to oxidative and nitrosative stress in maize genotypes with tolerant genotypes with slower reaction and less ROS and RNS production than sensitive ones. These differential patterns may be utilized as potential biological markers for use in marker assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yang
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
| | - Jake C Fountain
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Xinzhi Ni
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Pingsheng Ji
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Robert D Lee
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Robert C Kemerait
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Brian T Scully
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA.
| | - Baozhu Guo
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
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119
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Yang H, Zhang D, Li H, Dong L, Lan H. Ectopic overexpression of the aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH21 from Syntrichia caninervis in tobacco confers salt and drought stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 95:83-91. [PMID: 26202169 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases are important enzymes that play vital roles in mitigating oxidative/electrophilic stress when plants are exposed to environmental stress. An aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from Syntrichia caninervis, ScALDH21, was introduced into tobacco using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to generate ScALDH21-overexpressing tobacco plants to investigate its effect on drought and salt resistance. Detached leaves from ScALDH21-overexpressing tobacco plants showed less water loss than those from nontransgenic plants. When subjected to drought and salt stress, transgenic plants displayed higher germination ratios, higher root lengths, greater fresh weight, higher proline accumulation, lower malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and stronger photosynthetic capacities, as well as higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase, compared with control plants. Therefore, ScALDH21 overexpression in transgenic tobacco plants can enhance drought and salt tolerance and can be used as a candidate gene for the molecular breeding of salt- and drought-tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglan Yang
- College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Lingfeng Dong
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Haiyan Lan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
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120
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Babitha KC, Vemanna RS, Nataraja KN, Udayakumar M. Overexpression of EcbHLH57 Transcription Factor from Eleusine coracana L. in Tobacco Confers Tolerance to Salt, Oxidative and Drought Stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137098. [PMID: 26366726 PMCID: PMC4569372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors constitute one of the largest families in plants and are known to be involved in various developmental processes and stress tolerance. We report the characterization of a stress responsive bHLH transcription factor from stress adapted species finger millet which is homologous to OsbHLH57 and designated as EcbHLH57. The full length sequence of EcbHLH57 consisted of 256 amino acids with a conserved bHLH domain followed by leucine repeats. In finger millet, EcbHLH57 transcripts were induced by ABA, NaCl, PEG, methyl viologen (MV) treatments and drought stress. Overexpression of EcbHLH57 in tobacco significantly increased the tolerance to salinity and drought stress with improved root growth. Transgenic plants showed higher photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance under drought stress that resulted in higher biomass. Under long-term salinity stress, the transgenic plants accumulated higher seed weight/pod and pod number. The transgenic plants were also tolerant to oxidative stress and showed less accumulation of H202 and MDA levels. The overexpression of EcbHLH57 enhanced the expression of stress responsive genes such as LEA14, rd29A, rd29B, SOD, APX, ADH1, HSP70 and also PP2C and hence improved tolerance to diverse stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Babitha
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramu S. Vemanna
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Karaba N. Nataraja
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M. Udayakumar
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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121
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Jeevan Kumar SP, Rajendra Prasad S, Banerjee R, Thammineni C. Seed birth to death: dual functions of reactive oxygen species in seed physiology. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:663-8. [PMID: 26271119 PMCID: PMC4578000 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be detrimental to seed viability. However, recent studies have demonstrated that ROS have key roles in seed germination particularly in the release of seed dormancy and embryogenesis, as well as in protection from pathogens. SCOPE This review considers the functions of ROS in seed physiology. ROS are present in all cells and at all phases of the seed life cycle. ROS accumulation is important in breaking seed dormancy, and stimulating seed germination and protection from pathogens. However, excessive ROS accumulation can be detrimental. Therefore, knowledge of the mechanisms by which ROS influence seed physiology will provide insights that may not only allow the development of seed quality markers but also help us understand how dormancy can be broken in several recalcitrant species. CONCLUSIONS Reactive oxygen species have a dual role in seed physiology. Understanding the relative importance of beneficial and detrimental effects of ROS provides great scope for the improvement and maintenance of seed vigour and quality, factors that may ultimately increase crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Jeevan Kumar
- ICAR-Directorate of Seed Research, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh 275103, India
| | - S Rajendra Prasad
- ICAR-Directorate of Seed Research, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh 275103, India,
| | - Rintu Banerjee
- Microbial and Downstream Processing Laboratory, Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, India
| | - Chakradhar Thammineni
- Research Program-Dry Land Cereals, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India and
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Missihoun TD, Willée E, Guegan JP, Berardocco S, Shafiq MR, Bouchereau A, Bartels D. Overexpression of ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 Genes Provides Insight into Their Role in Glycine Betaine Synthesis and Affects Primary Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:1798-807. [PMID: 26169197 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases oxidize betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine in species that accumulate glycine betaine as a compatible solute under stress conditions. In contrast, the physiological function of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase genes is at present unclear in species that do not accumulate glycine betaine, such as Arabidopsis thaliana. To address this question, we overexpressed the Arabidopsis ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 genes, which were identified to code for betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases, in wild-type A. thaliana. We analysed changes in metabolite contents of transgenic plants in comparison with the wild type. Using exogenous or endogenous choline, our results indicated that ALDH10A8 and ALDH10A9 are involved in the synthesis of glycine betaine in Arabidopsis. Choline availability seems to be a factor limiting glycine betaine synthesis. Moreover, the contents of diverse metabolites including sugars (glucose and fructose) and amino acids were altered in fully developed transgenic plants compared with the wild type. The plant metabolic response to salt and the salt stress tolerance were impaired only in young transgenic plants, which exhibited a delayed growth of the seedlings early after germination. Our results suggest that a balanced expression of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase genes is important for early growth of A. thaliana seedlings and for salt stress mitigation in young seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagnon D Missihoun
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Department of Biology, 112 Science Place, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5E2
| | - Eva Willée
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Present address: Botanisches Institut der Universität zu Köln Zülpicher Str.47b, D-50674 Köln, Germany
| | - Jean-Paul Guegan
- ENSCR-UMR CNRS 6226, Institute des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Solenne Berardocco
- UMR 1349, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Muhammad R Shafiq
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- UMR 1349, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Chien PS, Nam HG, Chen YR. A salt-regulated peptide derived from the CAP superfamily protein negatively regulates salt-stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:5301-13. [PMID: 26093145 PMCID: PMC4526916 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
High salinity has negative impacts on plant growth through altered water uptake and ion-specific toxicities. Plants have therefore evolved an intricate regulatory network in which plant hormones play significant roles in modulating physiological responses to salinity. However, current understanding of the plant peptides involved in this regulatory network remains limited. Here, we identified a salt-regulated peptide in Arabidopsis. The peptide was 11 aa and was derived from the C terminus of a cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5, and pathogenesis-related 1 proteins (CAP) superfamily. This peptide was found by searching homologues in Arabidopsis using the precursor of a tomato CAP-derived peptide (CAPE) that was initially identified as an immune signal. In searching for a CAPE involved in salt responses, we screened CAPE precursor genes that showed salt-responsive expression and found that the PROAtCAPE1 (AT4G33730) gene was regulated by salinity. We confirmed the endogenous Arabidopsis CAP-derived peptide 1 (AtCAPE1) by mass spectrometry and found that a key amino acid residue in PROAtCAPE1 is critical for AtCAPE1 production. Moreover, although PROAtCAPE1 was expressed mainly in the roots, AtCAPE1 was discovered to be upregulated systemically upon salt treatment. The salt-induced AtCAPE1 negatively regulated salt tolerance by suppressing several salt-tolerance genes functioning in the production of osmolytes, detoxification, stomatal closure control, and cell membrane protection. This discovery demonstrates that AtCAPE1, a homologue of tomato immune regulator CAPE1, plays an important role in the regulation of salt stress responses. Our discovery thus suggests that the peptide may function in a trade-off between pathogen defence and salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shan Chien
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hong Gil Nam
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, and Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Yet-Ran Chen
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Reis GSM, de Almeida AAF, de Almeida NM, de Castro AV, Mangabeira PAO, Pirovani CP. Molecular, Biochemical and Ultrastructural Changes Induced by Pb Toxicity in Seedlings of Theobroma cacao L. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129696. [PMID: 26146994 PMCID: PMC4493102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pb is a metal which is highly toxic to plants and animals, including humans. High concentrations of Pb have been observed in beans of T. cacao, as well as in its products. In this work, we evaluated the molecular, biochemical, and ultrastructural alterations in mature leaves and primary roots of seedlings of two progenies of T. cacao, obtained from seed germination in different concentrations of Pb (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g L-1), in the form of Pb(NO3)2. The progenies resulted from self-fertilization of Catongo and a cross of CCN-10 x SCA-6. The Pb, supplied via seminal, caused alterations in the ultrastructures of the mesophyll cells and in the amount of starch grains in the chloroplasts. The dosage of substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid showed that Pb induced lipid peroxidation. The activity of guaiacol peroxidases and the expression of genes associated to synthetase of phytochelatin, SODcyt and PER increased in response to Pb. In addition, there was alteration in the expression of stress-related proteins. The progeny of CCN-10 x SCA-6 was more tolerant to Pb stress when compared to Catongo, since: (i) it accumulated more Pb in the roots, preventing its translocation to the shoot; (ii) it presented higher activity of peroxidases in the roots, which are enzymes involved in the elimination of excess of reactive oxygen species; and (iii) increased expression of the gene in the phytochelatin biosynthesis route. The results of the proteomic analysis were of paramount importance to differentiate the defense mechanisms used by both progenies of T. cacao.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciele Santos Monteiro Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662–900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662–900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicolle Moreira de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662–900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Andressa Vieira de Castro
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662–900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Pedro Antonio Oliveira Mangabeira
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662–900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662–900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
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Biswas MS, Mano J. Lipid Peroxide-Derived Short-Chain Carbonyls Mediate Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced and Salt-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 168:885-98. [PMID: 26025050 PMCID: PMC4741343 DOI: 10.1104/pp.115.256834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxide-derived toxic carbonyl compounds (oxylipin carbonyls), produced downstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS), were recently revealed to mediate abiotic stress-induced damage of plants. Here, we investigated how oxylipin carbonyls cause cell death. When tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide, several species of short-chain oxylipin carbonyls [i.e. 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal and acrolein] accumulated and the cells underwent programmed cell death (PCD), as judged based on DNA fragmentation, an increase in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive nuclei, and cytoplasm retraction. These oxylipin carbonyls caused PCD in BY-2 cells and roots of tobacco and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To test the possibility that oxylipin carbonyls mediate an oxidative signal to cause PCD, we performed pharmacological and genetic experiments. Carnosine and hydralazine, having distinct chemistry for scavenging carbonyls, significantly suppressed the increase in oxylipin carbonyls and blocked PCD in BY-2 cells and Arabidopsis roots, but they did not affect the levels of ROS and lipid peroxides. A transgenic tobacco line that overproduces 2-alkenal reductase, an Arabidopsis enzyme to detoxify α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, suffered less PCD in root epidermis after hydrogen peroxide or salt treatment than did the wild type, whereas the ROS level increases due to the stress treatments were not different between the lines. From these results, we conclude that oxylipin carbonyls are involved in the PCD process in oxidatively stressed cells. Our comparison of the ability of distinct carbonyls to induce PCD in BY-2 cells revealed that acrolein and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal are the most potent carbonyls. The physiological relevance and possible mechanisms of the carbonyl-induced PCD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sanaullah Biswas
- United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan (M.S.B., J.M.); andScience Research Center (J.M.) and Graduate School of Agriculture (J.M.), Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Jun'ichi Mano
- United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan (M.S.B., J.M.); andScience Research Center (J.M.) and Graduate School of Agriculture (J.M.), Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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126
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George IS, Pascovici D, Mirzaei M, Haynes PA. Quantitative proteomic analysis of cabernet sauvignon grape cells exposed to thermal stresses reveals alterations in sugar and phenylpropanoid metabolism. Proteomics 2015; 15:3048-60. [PMID: 25959233 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Grapes (Vitis vinifera) are a valuable fruit crop and wine production is a major industry. Global warming and expanded range of cultivation will expose grapes to more temperature stresses in future. Our study investigated protein level responses to abiotic stresses, with particular reference to proteomic changes induced by the impact of four different temperature stress regimes, including both hot and cold temperatures, on cultured grape cells. Cabernet Sauvignon cell suspension cultures grown at 26°C were subjected to 14 h of exposure to 34 and 42°C for heat stress, and 18 and 10°C for cold stress. Cells from the five temperatures were harvested in biological triplicates and label-free quantitative shotgun proteomic analysis was performed. A total of 2042 non-redundant proteins were identified from the five temperature points. Fifty-five proteins were only detected in extreme heat stress conditions (42°C) and 53 proteins were only detected at extreme cold stress conditions (10°C). Gene Ontology (GO) annotations of differentially expressed proteins provided insights into the metabolic pathways that are involved in temperature stress in grape cells. Sugar metabolism displayed switching between alternative and classical pathways during temperature stresses. Additionally, nine proteins involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway were greatly increased in abundance at extreme cold stress, and were thus found to be cold-responsive proteins. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000977 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD000977).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iniga S George
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Dana Pascovici
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Paul A Haynes
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
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Melo SC, Santos RX, Melgaço AC, Pereira ACF, Pungartnik C, Brendel M. Altered Phenotypes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Heterologous Expression of Basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa SOD2 Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:12324-44. [PMID: 26039235 PMCID: PMC4490446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160612324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterologous expression of a putative manganese superoxide dismutase gene (SOD2) of the basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa complemented the phenotypes of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae sod2Δ mutant. Sequence analysis of the cloned M. perniciosa cDNA revealed an open reading frame (ORF) coding for a 176 amino acid polypeptide with the typical metal-binding motifs of a SOD2 gene, named MpSOD2. Phylogenetic comparison with known manganese superoxide dismutases (MnSODs) located the protein of M. perniciosa (MpSod2p) in a clade with the basidiomycete fungi Coprinopsis cinerea and Laccaria bicolor. Haploid wild-type yeast transformants containing a single copy of MpSOD2 showed increased resistance phenotypes against oxidative stress-inducing hydrogen peroxide and paraquat, but had unaltered phenotype against ultraviolet-C (UVC) radiation. The same transformants exhibited high sensitivity against treatment with the pro-mutagen diethylnitrosamine (DEN) that requires oxidation to become an active mutagen/carcinogen. Absence of MpSOD2 in the yeast sod2Δ mutant led to DEN hyper-resistance while introduction of a single copy of this gene restored the yeast wild-type phenotype. The haploid yeast wild-type transformant containing two SOD2 gene copies, one from M. perniciosa and one from its own, exhibited DEN super-sensitivity. This transformant also showed enhanced growth at 37 °C on the non-fermentable carbon source lactate, indicating functional expression of MpSod2p. The pro-mutagen dihydroethidium (DHE)-based fluorescence assay monitored basal level of yeast cell oxidative stress. Compared to the wild type, the yeast sod2Δ mutant had a much higher level of intrinsic oxidative stress, which was reduced to wild type (WT) level by introduction of one copy of the MpSOD2 gene. Taken together our data indicates functional expression of MpSod2 protein in the yeast S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sônia C Melo
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia de Fungos, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia CEP 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Regineide X Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Estrada do Bem Querer, km 4, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia CEP 45083-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana C Melgaço
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia de Fungos, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia CEP 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Alanna C F Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia de Fungos, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia CEP 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Pungartnik
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia de Fungos, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia CEP 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Martin Brendel
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia de Fungos, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia CEP 45662-900, Brazil.
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Kim NH, Hwang BK. Pepper aldehyde dehydrogenase CaALDH1 interacts with Xanthomonas effector AvrBsT and promotes effector-triggered cell death and defence responses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:3367-80. [PMID: 25873668 PMCID: PMC4449550 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas type III effector AvrBsT induces hypersensitive cell death and defence responses in pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Nicotiana benthamiana. Little is known about the host factors that interact with AvrBsT. Here, we identified pepper aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (CaALDH1) as an AvrBsT-interacting protein. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed the interaction between CaALDH1 and AvrBsT in planta. CaALDH1:smGFP fluorescence was detected in the cytoplasm. CaALDH1 expression in pepper was rapidly and strongly induced by avirulent Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) Ds1 (avrBsT) infection. Transient co-expression of CaALDH1 with avrBsT significantly enhanced avrBsT-triggered cell death in N. benthamiana leaves. Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was higher in leaves transiently expressing CaALDH1, suggesting that CaALDH1 acts as a cell death enhancer, independently of AvrBsT. CaALDH1 silencing disrupted phenolic compound accumulation, H2O2 production, defence response gene expression, and cell death during avirulent Xcv Ds1 (avrBsT) infection. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing CaALDH1 exhibited enhanced defence response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis infection. These results indicate that cytoplasmic CaALDH1 interacts with AvrBsT and promotes plant cell death and defence responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Kook Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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129
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Končitíková R, Vigouroux A, Kopečná M, Andree T, Bartoš J, Šebela M, Moréra S, Kopečný D. Role and structural characterization of plant aldehyde dehydrogenases from family 2 and family 7. Biochem J 2015; 468:109-23. [PMID: 25734422 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are responsible for oxidation of biogenic aldehyde intermediates as well as for cell detoxification of aldehydes generated during lipid peroxidation. So far, 13 ALDH families have been described in plants. In the present study, we provide a detailed biochemical characterization of plant ALDH2 and ALDH7 families by analysing maize and pea ALDH7 (ZmALDH7 and PsALDH7) and four maize cytosolic ALDH(cALDH)2 isoforms RF2C, RF2D, RF2E and RF2F [the first maize ALDH2 was discovered as a fertility restorer (RF2A)]. We report the crystal structures of ZmALDH7, RF2C and RF2F at high resolution. The ZmALDH7 structure shows that the three conserved residues Glu(120), Arg(300) and Thr(302) in the ALDH7 family are located in the substrate-binding site and are specific to this family. Our kinetic analysis demonstrates that α-aminoadipic semialdehyde, a lysine catabolism intermediate, is the preferred substrate for plant ALDH7. In contrast, aromatic aldehydes including benzaldehyde, anisaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, coniferaldehyde and sinapaldehyde are the best substrates for cALDH2. In line with these results, the crystal structures of RF2C and RF2F reveal that their substrate-binding sites are similar and are formed by an aromatic cluster mainly composed of phenylalanine residues and several nonpolar residues. Gene expression studies indicate that the RF2C gene, which is strongly expressed in all organs, appears essential, suggesting that the crucial role of the enzyme would certainly be linked to the cell wall formation using aldehydes from phenylpropanoid pathway as substrates. Finally, plant ALDH7 may significantly contribute to osmoprotection because it oxidizes several aminoaldehydes leading to products known as osmolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Končitíková
- *Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, Olomouc CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Armelle Vigouroux
- ‡Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Martina Kopečná
- *Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, Olomouc CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Andree
- †Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, Olomouc CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bartoš
- §Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Šlechtitelů 31, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Šebela
- *Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, Olomouc CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Solange Moréra
- ‡Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - David Kopečný
- *Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, Olomouc CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
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130
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Maninang JS, Okazaki S, Fujii Y. Cyanamide Phytotoxicity in Soybean ( Glycine max) Seedlings involves Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition and Oxidative Stress. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytotoxic effect of the allelochemical cyanamide has been well-documented yet the underlying mechanism for this phenomenon has not been fully characterized. Cognizant of the putative inhibitory effect of cyanamide on aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), we hereby show that the capacity of mitochondrial preparations from cyanamide-treated soybean seedlings to oxidize acetaldehyde and succinic-semialdehyde was dose-dependently reduced to at most 55% and 70%, respectively. Cyanamide-treated plants exhibited oxidative stress (i.e. increased lipid peroxidation and H2O2 accumulation) that was exacerbated upon exposure to UV-A – symptoms reminiscent of ALDH and succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) knock-out Arabidopsis mutants. We suggest that the inhibition of mitochondrial ALDH and SSADH may be a contributory mechanism to the burst in oxidative stress mediated by cyanamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Maninang
- College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153–8902 Japan
- Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183–8509 Japan
| | - Shin Okazaki
- Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183–8509 Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Fujii
- Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183–8509 Japan
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Tian FX, Zang JL, Wang T, Xie YL, Zhang J, Hu JJ. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene Superfamily in Populus: Organization and Expression Divergence between Paralogous Gene Pairs. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124669. [PMID: 25909656 PMCID: PMC4409362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) constitute a superfamily of NAD(P)+-dependent enzymes that catalyze the irreversible oxidation of a wide range of reactive aldehydes to their corresponding nontoxic carboxylic acids. ALDHs have been studied in many organisms from bacteria to mammals; however, no systematic analyses incorporating genome organization, gene structure, expression profiles, and cis-acting elements have been conducted in the model tree species Populus trichocarpa thus far. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the Populus ALDH gene superfamily was performed. A total of 26 Populus ALDH genes were found to be distributed across 12 chromosomes. Genomic organization analysis indicated that purifying selection may have played a pivotal role in the retention and maintenance of PtALDH gene families. The exon-intron organizations of PtALDHs were highly conserved within the same family, suggesting that the members of the same family also may have conserved functionalities. Microarray data and qRT-PCR analysis indicated that most PtALDHs had distinct tissue-specific expression patterns. The specificity of cis-acting elements in the promoter regions of the PtALDHs and the divergence of expression patterns between nine paralogous PtALDH gene pairs suggested that gene duplications may have freed the duplicate genes from the functional constraints. The expression levels of some ALDHs were up- or down-regulated by various abiotic stresses, implying that the products of these genes may be involved in the adaptation of Populus to abiotic stresses. Overall, the data obtained from our investigation contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of the Populus ALDH gene superfamily and provide insights into the function and evolution of ALDH gene families in vascular plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xia Tian
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jian-Lei Zang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Tan Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yu-Li Xie
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (JJH)
| | - Jian-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (JJH)
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Li J, Ban L, Wen H, Wang Z, Dzyubenko N, Chapurin V, Gao H, Wang X. An aquaporin protein is associated with drought stress tolerance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 459:208-213. [PMID: 25701792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water channel proteins known as aquaporins (AQPs) regulate the movement of water and other small molecules across plant vacuolar and plasma membranes; they are associated with plant tolerance of biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, a PIP type AQPs gene, designated as GoPIP1, was cloned from Galega orientalis, a high value leguminous forage crop. The GoPIP1 gene consists of an 870 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 289 amino acids, and belongs to the PIP1 subgroup of the PIP subfamily. The transcript level of GoPIP1 was higher in the root of G. orientalis than in the leaf and stem. The level of GoPIP1 transcript increased significantly when treated with 200 mM NaCl or 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. Transient expression of GoPIP1 in onion epidermal cells revealed that the GoPIP1 protein was localized to the plasma membrane. Over-expression of GoPIP1 increased the rosette/root ratio and increased sensitivity to drought in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. However, GoPIP1 over-expression in Arabidopsis had no significant effect under saline condition. The present data provides a gene resource that contributes to furthering our understanding of water channel protein and their application in plant stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China; Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / SharaQin Key Wild Scientific Monitoring Station for Forage Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, 120 Wulanchabu East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010010, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Ban
- College Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Wen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zan Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Nikolay Dzyubenko
- N.I.Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chapurin
- N.I.Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia
| | - Hongwen Gao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Hou Q, Bartels D. Comparative study of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene superfamily in the glycophyte Arabidopsis thaliana and Eutrema halophytes. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 115:465-79. [PMID: 25085467 PMCID: PMC4332599 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Stresses such as drought or salinity induce the generation of reactive oxygen species, which subsequently cause excessive accumulation of aldehydes in plant cells. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are considered as 'aldehyde scavengers' to eliminate toxic aldehydes caused by oxidative stress. The completion of the genome sequencing projects of the halophytes Eutrema parvulum and E. salsugineum has paved the way to explore the relationships and the roles of ALDH genes in the glycophyte Arabidopsis thaliana and halophyte model plants. METHODS Protein sequences of all plant ALDH families were used as queries to search E. parvulum and E. salsugineum genome databases. Evolutionary analyses compared the phylogenetic relationships of ALDHs from A. thaliana and Eutrema. Expression patterns of several stress-associated ALDH genes were investigated under different salt conditions using reverse transcription-PCR. Putative cis-elements in the promoters of ALDH10A8 from A. thaliana and E. salsugineum were compared in silico. KEY RESULTS Sixteen and 17 members of ten ALDH families were identified from E. parvulum and E. salsugineum genomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of ALDH protein sequences indicated that Eutrema ALDHs are closely related to those of Arabidopsis, and members within these species possess nearly identical exon-intron structures. Gene expression analysis under different salt conditions showed that most of the ALDH genes have similar expression profiles in Arabidopsis and E. salsugineum, except for ALDH7B4 and ALDH10A8. In silico analysis of promoter regions of ALDH10A8 revealed different distributions of cis-elements in E. salsugineum and Arabidopsis. CONCLUSIONS Genomic organization, copy number, sub-cellular localization and expression profiles of ALDH genes are conserved in Arabidopsis, E. parvulum and E. salsugineum. The different expression patterns of ALDH7B4 and ALDH10A8 in Arabidopsis and E. salsugineum suggest that E. salsugineum uses modified regulatory pathways, which may contribute to salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quancan Hou
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53315 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53315 Bonn, Germany
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Liu A, Yu Y, Duan X, Sun X, Duanmu H, Zhu Y. GsSKP21, a Glycine soja S-phase kinase-associated protein, mediates the regulation of plant alkaline tolerance and ABA sensitivity. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 87:111-24. [PMID: 25477077 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0264-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant SKP1-like family proteins, components of the SCF complex E3 ligases, are involved in the regulation of plant development and stress responses. Little is known about the precise function of SKP genes in plant responses to environmental stresses. GsSKP21 was initially identified as a potential stress-responsive gene based on the transcriptome sequencing of Glycine soja. In this study, we found that GsSKP21 protein contains highly conserved SKP domains in its N terminus and an extra unidentified domain in its C terminus. The transcript abundance of GsSKP21, detected by quantitative real-time PCR, was induced under the treatment of alkali and salt stresses. Overexpression of GsSKP21 in Arabidopsis dramatically increased plant tolerance to alkali stress. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of GsSKP21 resulted in decreased ABA sensitivity during both the seed germination and early seedling growth stages. GsSKP21 mediated ABA signaling by altering the expression levels of the ABA signaling-related and ABA-induced genes. We also investigated the tissue expression specificity and subcellular localization of GsSKP21. These results suggest that GsSKP21 is important for plant tolerance to alkali stress and plays a critical regulatory role in the ABA-mediated stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China,
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135
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Carsjens C, Nguyen Ngoc Q, Guzy J, Knutzen F, Meier IC, Müller M, Finkeldey R, Leuschner C, Polle A. Intra-specific variations in expression of stress-related genes in beech progenies are stronger than drought-induced responses. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 34:1348-61. [PMID: 25430883 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly decreasing water availability as a consequence of climate change is likely to endanger the range of long-lived tree species. A pressing question is, therefore, whether adaptation to drought exists in important temperate tree species like European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), a wide-spread, dominant forest tree in Central Europe. Here, five beech stands were selected along a precipitation gradient from moist to dry conditions. Neutral genetic markers revealed strong variation within and little differentiation between the populations. Natural regeneration from these stands was transferred to a common garden and used to investigate the expression of genes for abscisic acid (ABA)-related drought signaling [9-cis-epoxy-dioxygenase (NCED), protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), early responsive to dehydration (ERD)] and stress protection [ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), glutamine amidotransferase (GAT)] that are involved in drought acclimation. We hypothesized that progenies from dry sites exhibit constitutively higher expression levels of ABA- and stress-related genes and are less drought responsive than progenies from moist sites. Transcript levels and stress responses (leaf area loss, membrane integrity) of well-irrigated and drought-stressed plants were measured during the early, mid- and late growing season. Principal component (PC) analysis ordered the beech progenies according to the mean annual precipitation at tree origin by the transcript levels of SOD, ALDH, GAT and ERD as major loadings along PC1. PC2 separated moist and drought treatments with PP2C levels as important loading. These results suggest that phosphatase-mediated signaling is flexibly acclimated to the current requirements, whereas stress compensatory measures exhibited genotypic variation, apparently underlying climate selection. In contrast to expectation, the drought responses were less pronounced than the progeny-related differences and the transcript levels were constitutively lower in beeches from dry than from moist sites. These results imply that beeches from dry origins may have evolved mechanisms to avoid oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Carsjens
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Quynh Nguyen Ngoc
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Guzy
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Knutzen
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ina Christin Meier
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Müller
- Forstgenetik und Forstpflanzenzüchtung, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Finkeldey
- Forstgenetik und Forstpflanzenzüchtung, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Leuschner
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Zinta G, AbdElgawad H, Domagalska MA, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Nijs I, Janssens IA, Beemster GTS, Asard H. Physiological, biochemical, and genome-wide transcriptional analysis reveals that elevated CO2 mitigates the impact of combined heat wave and drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana at multiple organizational levels. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2014; 20:3670-85. [PMID: 24802996 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate changes increasingly threaten plant growth and productivity. Such changes are complex and involve multiple environmental factors, including rising CO2 levels and climate extreme events. As the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying plant responses to realistic future climate extreme conditions are still poorly understood, a multiple organizational level analysis (i.e. eco-physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional) was performed, using Arabidopsis exposed to incremental heat wave and water deficit under ambient and elevated CO2 . The climate extreme resulted in biomass reduction, photosynthesis inhibition, and considerable increases in stress parameters. Photosynthesis was a major target as demonstrated at the physiological and transcriptional levels. In contrast, the climate extreme treatment induced a protective effect on oxidative membrane damage, most likely as a result of strongly increased lipophilic antioxidants and membrane-protecting enzymes. Elevated CO2 significantly mitigated the negative impact of a combined heat and drought, as apparent in biomass reduction, photosynthesis inhibition, chlorophyll fluorescence decline, H2 O2 production, and protein oxidation. Analysis of enzymatic and molecular antioxidants revealed that the stress-mitigating CO2 effect operates through up-regulation of antioxidant defense metabolism, as well as by reduced photorespiration resulting in lowered oxidative pressure. Therefore, exposure to future climate extreme episodes will negatively impact plant growth and production, but elevated CO2 is likely to mitigate this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Zinta
- Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, B-2020, Belgium
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137
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Chen Z, Hu L, Han N, Hu J, Yang Y, Xiang T, Zhang X, Wang L. Overexpression of a miR393-Resistant Form of Transport Inhibitor Response Protein 1 (mTIR1) Enhances Salt Tolerance by Increased Osmoregulation and Na+ Exclusion in Arabidopsis thaliana. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 56:73-83. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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138
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Peng Z, He S, Gong W, Sun J, Pan Z, Xu F, Lu Y, Du X. Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes and transcriptional regulation induced by salt stress in two contrasting cotton genotypes. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:760. [PMID: 25189468 PMCID: PMC4169805 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the major fibre crops of the world. Although it is classified as salt tolerant crop, cotton growth and productivity are adversely affected by high salinity, especially at germination and seedling stages. Identification of genes and miRNAs responsible for salt tolerance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) would help reveal the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance. We performed physiological experiments and transcriptome sequencing (mRNA-seq and small RNA-seq) of cotton leaves under salt stress using Illumina sequencing technology. Results We investigated two distinct salt stress phases—dehydration (4 h) and ionic stress (osmotic restoration; 24 h)—that were identified by physiological changes of 14-day-old seedlings of two cotton genotypes, one salt tolerant and the other salt sensitive, during a 72-h NaCl exposure. A comparative transcriptomics was used to monitor gene and miRNA differential expression at two time points (4 and 24 h) in leaves of the two cotton genotypes under salinity conditions. The expression patterns of differentially co-expressed unigenes were divided into six groups using short time-servies expression miner software. During a 24-h salt exposure, 819 transcription factor unigenes were differentially expressed in both genotypes, with 129 unigenes specifically expressed in the salt-tolerant genotype. Under salt stress, 108 conserved miRNAs from known families were differentially expressed at two time points in the salt-tolerant genotype. We further analyzed the predicted target genes of these miRNAs along with the transcriptome for each time point. Important expressed genes encoding membrane receptors, transporters, and pathways involved in biosynthesis and signal transduction of calcium-dependent protein kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and hormones (abscisic acid and ethylene) were up-regulated. We also analyzed the salt stress response of some key miRNAs and their target genes and found that the expressions of five of nine target genes exhibited significant inverse correlations with their corresponding miRNAs. On the basis of these results, we constructed molecular regulatory pathways and a potential regulatory network for these salt-responsive miRNAs. Conclusions Our comprehensive transcriptome analysis has provided new insights into salt-stress response of upland cotton. The results should contribute to the development of genetically modified cotton with salt tolerance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-760) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000 Anyang, Henan, China.
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139
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Gachomo EW, Jno Baptiste L, Kefela T, Saidel WM, Kotchoni SO. The Arabidopsis CURVY1 (CVY1) gene encoding a novel receptor-like protein kinase regulates cell morphogenesis, flowering time and seed production. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:221. [PMID: 25158860 PMCID: PMC4244047 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A molecular-level understanding of the loss of CURVY1 (CVY1) gene expression (which encodes a member of the receptor-like protein kinase family) was investigated to gain insights into the mechanisms controlling cell morphogenesis and development in Arabidopsis thaliana. RESULTS Using a reverse genetic and cell biology approaches, we demonstrate that CVY1 is a new DISTORTED gene with similar phenotypic characterization to previously characterized ARP2/3 distorted mutants. Compared to the wild type, cvy1 mutant displayed a strong distorted trichome and altered pavement cell phenotypes. In addition, cvy1 null-mutant flowers earlier, grows faster and produces more siliques than WT and the arp2/3 mutants. The CVY1 gene is ubiquitously expressed in all tissues and seems to negatively regulate growth and yield in higher plants. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that CURVY1 gene participates in several biochemical pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana including (i) cell morphogenesis regulation through actin cytoskeleton functional networks, (ii) the transition of vegetative to the reproductive stage and (iii) the production of seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma W Gachomo
- />Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
- />Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
| | - Lyla Jno Baptiste
- />Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
| | - Timnit Kefela
- />Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
| | - William M Saidel
- />Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
- />Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
| | - Simeon O Kotchoni
- />Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
- />Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, 315 Penn St, Camden, NJ 08102 USA
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140
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Genome-wide identification and analysis of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene superfamily of Gossypium raimondii. Gene 2014; 549:123-33. [PMID: 25058695 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are members of the NAD(P)(+)-dependent protein superfamily which catalyzes aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde oxidation to non-toxic carboxylic acids. ALDH genes may offer promise for improving plant adaptation to environmental stress. Recently, elucidated genome sequences of Gossypium raimondii provide a foundation for systematic identification and analysis of ALDH genes. To date, this has been accomplished for many plant species except G. raimondii. RESULTS In this study, thirty unique ALDH sequences that code for 10 ALDH families were identified in the G. raimondii genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ALDHs were split into six clades in G. raimondii, and ALDH proteins from the same families were clustered together. Phylogenetic relationships of ALDHs from 11 plant species suggest that ALDHs in G. raimondii shared the highest protein homology with ALDHs from poplar. Members within ALDH families possessed homologous exon-intron structures. Chromosomal distribution of ALDH did not occur evenly in the G. raimondii genome and many ALDH genes were involved in the syntenic region as documented by identification of physical locations among single chromosomes. In addition, syntenic analysis revealed that homologues of many G. raimondii ALDHs appeared in corresponding Arabidopsis and poplar syntenic blocks, indicating that these genes arose prior to G. raimondii, Arabidopsis and poplar speciation. Finally, based on gene expression analysis of microarray and RNA-seq, we can speculate that some G. raimondii ALDH genes might respond to drought or waterlogging stresses. CONCLUSION Genome-wide identification and analysis of the evolution and expression of ALDH genes in G. raimondii laid a foundation for studying this gene superfamily and offers new insights into the evolution history and speculated roles in Gossypium. These data can be used to inform functional genomic studies and molecular breeding in cotton.
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141
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Mano J, Nagata M, Okamura S, Shiraya T, Mitsui T. Identification of oxidatively modified proteins in salt-stressed Arabidopsis: a carbonyl-targeted proteomics approach. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:1233-44. [PMID: 24850833 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In plants, environmental stresses cause an increase in the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to tissue injury. To obtain biochemical insights into this damage process, we investigated the protein carbonyls formed by ROS or by the lipid peroxide-derived α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones (i.e. reactive carbonyl species, or RCS) in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana under salt stress. A. thaliana Col-0 plants that we treated with 300 mM NaCl for 72 h under continuous illumination suffered irreversible leaf damage. Several RCS such as 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal (HNE) were increased within 12 h of this salt treatment. Immunoblotting using distinct antibodies against five different RCS, i.e. HNE, 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-hexenal, acrolein, crotonaldehyde and malondialdehyde, revealed that RCS-modified proteins accumulated in leaves with the progress of the salt stress treatment. The band pattern of Western blotting suggested that these different RCS targeted a common set of proteins. To identify the RCS targets, we collected HNE-modified proteins via an anti-HNE antiserum affinity trap and performed an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation, as a quantitative proteomics approach. Seventeen types of protein, modified by 2-fold more in the stressed plants than in the non-stressed plants, were identified as sensitive RCS targets. With aldehyde-reactive probe-based affinity trapping, we collected the oxidized proteins and identified 22 additional types of protein as sensitive ROS targets. These RCS and ROS target proteins were distributed in the cytosol and apoplast, as well as in the ROS-generating organelles the peroxisome, chloroplast and mitochondrion, suggesting the participation of plasma membrane oxidation in the cellular injury. Possible mechanisms by which these modified targets cause cell death are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun'ichi Mano
- Science Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515 JapanGraduate School of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515 Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Nagata
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515 Japan
| | - Shoutarou Okamura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515 Japan
| | - Takeshi Shiraya
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Ikarashi-Ninocho 8050, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181 JapanNiigata Crop Research Center, Niigata Agricultural Research Institute, Nagakura-cho 857, Nagaoka, 940-0826 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mitsui
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Ikarashi-Ninocho 8050, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181 Japan
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142
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Missihoun TD, Hou Q, Mertens D, Bartels D. Sequence and functional analyses of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 7B4 gene promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana and selected Brassicaceae: regulation patterns in response to wounding and osmotic stress. PLANTA 2014; 239:1281-98. [PMID: 24619504 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-014-2051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases metabolise a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, which become cytotoxic at high levels. Family 7 aldehyde dehydrogenase genes, often described as antiquitins or turgor-responsive genes in plants, are broadly conserved across all domains. Despite the high conservation of the plant ALDH7 proteins and their importance in stress responses, their regulation has not been investigated. Here, we compared ALDH7 genes of different Brassicaceae and found that, in contrast to the gene organisation and protein coding sequences, similarities in the promoter sequences were limited to the first few hundred nucleotides upstream of the translation start codon. The function of this region was studied by isolating the core promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana ALDH7B4 gene, taken as model. The promoter was found to be responsive to wounding in addition to salt and dehydration stress. Cis-acting elements involved in stress responsiveness were analysed and two conserved ACGT-containing motifs proximal to the translation start codon were found to be essential for the responsiveness to osmotic stress in leaves and in seeds. The integrity of an upstream ACGT motif and a dehydration-responsive element/C-repeat-low temperature-responsive element was found to be necessary for ALDH7B4 expression in seeds and induction by salt, dehydration and ABA in leaves. The comparison of the gene expression in selected Arabidopsis mutants demonstrated that osmotic stress-induced ALDH7B4 expression in leaves and seeds involves both ABA- and lipid-signalling components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagnon D Missihoun
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Genome-wide identification, evolution and expression analysis of the grape (Vitis vinifera L.) zinc finger-homeodomain gene family. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5730-48. [PMID: 24705465 PMCID: PMC4013592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant zinc finger-homeodomain (ZHD) genes encode a family of transcription factors that have been demonstrated to play an important role in the regulation of plant growth and development. In this study, we identified a total of 13 ZHD genes (VvZHD) in the grape genome that were further classified into at least seven groups. Genome synteny analysis revealed that a number of VvZHD genes were present in the corresponding syntenic blocks of Arabidopsis, indicating that they arose before the divergence of these two species. Gene expression analysis showed that the identified VvZHD genes displayed distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns, and were differentially regulated under various stress conditions and hormone treatments, suggesting that the grape VvZHDs might be also involved in plant response to a variety of biotic and abiotic insults. Our work provides insightful information and knowledge about the ZHD genes in grape, which provides a framework for further characterization of their roles in regulation of stress tolerance as well as other aspects of grape productivity.
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144
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Liu D, Ford KL, Roessner U, Natera S, Cassin AM, Patterson JH, Bacic A. Rice suspension cultured cells are evaluated as a model system to study salt responsive networks in plants using a combined proteomic and metabolomic profiling approach. Proteomics 2014; 13:2046-62. [PMID: 23661342 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting plant productivity but surprisingly, a thorough understanding of the salt-responsive networks responsible for sustaining growth and maintaining crop yield remains a significant challenge. Rice suspension culture cells (SCCs), a single cell type, were evaluated as a model system as they provide a ready source of a homogenous cell type and avoid the complications of multicellular tissue types in planta. A combination of growth performance, and transcriptional analyses using known salt-induced genes was performed on control and 100 mM NaCl cultured cells to validate the biological system. Protein profiling was conducted using both DIGE- and iTRAQ-based proteomics approaches. In total, 106 proteins were identified in DIGE experiments and 521 proteins in iTRAQ experiments with 58 proteins common to both approaches. Metabolomic analysis provided insights into both developmental changes and salt-induced changes of rice SCCs at the metabolite level; 134 known metabolites were identified, including 30 amines and amides, 40 organic acids, 40 sugars, sugar acids and sugar alcohols, 21 fatty acids and sterols, and 3 miscellaneous compounds. Our results from proteomic and metabolomic studies indicate that the salt-responsive networks of rice SCCs are extremely complex and share some similarities with thee cellular responses observed in planta. For instance, carbohydrate and energy metabolism pathways, redox signaling pathways, auxin/indole-3-acetic acid pathways and biosynthesis pathways for osmoprotectants are all salt responsive in SCCs enabling cells to maintain cellular function under stress condition. These data are discussed in the context of our understanding of in planta salt-responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Liu
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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145
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Velikova V, Ghirardo A, Vanzo E, Merl J, Hauck SM, Schnitzler JP. Genetic Manipulation of Isoprene Emissions in Poplar Plants Remodels the Chloroplast Proteome. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:2005-18. [DOI: 10.1021/pr401124z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Velikova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Helmholtz
Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit, Environmental Simulation, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Ghirardo
- Helmholtz
Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit, Environmental Simulation, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisa Vanzo
- Helmholtz
Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit, Environmental Simulation, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl
- Helmholtz
Zentrum München, Research Unit Protein Science, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Helmholtz
Zentrum München, Research Unit Protein Science, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
- Helmholtz
Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit, Environmental Simulation, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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146
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Stiti N, Podgórska K, Bartels D. Aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme ALDH3H1 from Arabidopsis thaliana: Identification of amino acid residues critical for cofactor specificity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1844:681-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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147
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Fields PA, Eurich C, Gao WL, Cela B. Changes in protein expression in the salt marsh mussel Geukensia demissa: evidence for a shift from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism during prolonged aerial exposure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 217:1601-12. [PMID: 24501137 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
During aerial exposure (emersion), most sessile intertidal invertebrates experience cellular stress caused by hypoxia, and the amount and types of hypoxia-induced stress will differ as exposure time increases, likely leading to altered metabolic responses. We examined proteomic responses to increasing emersion times and decreasing recovery (immersion) times in the mussel Geukensia demissa, which occurs in salt marshes along the east coast of North America. Individuals are found above mean tide level, and can be emersed for over 18 h during spring tides. We acclimated mussels to full immersion at 15°C for 4 weeks, and compared changes in gill protein expression between groups of mussels that were continually immersed (control), were emersed for 6 h and immersed during recovery for 18 h (6E/18R), were emersed for 12 h and recovered for 12 h (12E/12R), or were emersed for 18 h with a 6 h recovery (18E/6R). We found clear differences in protein expression patterns among the treatments. Proteins associated with anaerobic fermentation increased in abundance in 6E/18R but not in 12E/12R or 18E/6R. Increases in oxidative stress proteins were most apparent in 12E/12R, and in 18E/6R changes in cytoskeletal protein expression predominated. We conclude that G. demissa alters its strategy for coping with emersion stress over time, relying on anaerobic metabolism for short- to medium-duration exposure, but switching to an air-gaping strategy for long-term exposure, which reduces hypoxia stress but may cause structural damage to gill tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Fields
- Biology Department, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17603, USA
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148
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Gachomo EW, Jimenez-Lopez JC, Baptiste LJ, Kotchoni SO. GIGANTUS1 (GTS1), a member of Transducin/WD40 protein superfamily, controls seed germination, growth and biomass accumulation through ribosome-biogenesis protein interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:37. [PMID: 24467952 PMCID: PMC3914372 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND WD40 domains have been found in a plethora of eukaryotic proteins, acting as scaffolding molecules assisting proper activity of other proteins, and are involved in multi-cellular processes. They comprise several stretches of 44-60 amino acid residues often terminating with a WD di-peptide. They act as a site of protein-protein interactions or multi-interacting platforms, driving the assembly of protein complexes or as mediators of transient interplay among other proteins. In Arabidopsis, members of WD40 protein superfamily are known as key regulators of plant-specific events, biologically playing important roles in development and also during stress signaling. RESULTS Using reverse genetic and protein modeling approaches, we characterize GIGANTUS1 (GTS1), a new member of WD40 repeat protein in Arabidopsis thaliana and provide evidence of its role in controlling plant growth development. GTS1 is highly expressed during embryo development and negatively regulates seed germination, biomass yield and growth improvement in plants. Structural modeling analysis suggests that GTS1 folds into a β-propeller with seven pseudo symmetrically arranged blades around a central axis. Molecular docking analysis shows that GTS1 physically interacts with two ribosomal protein partners, a component of ribosome Nop16, and a ribosome-biogenesis factor L19e through β-propeller blade 4 to regulate cell growth development. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that GTS1 might function in plant developmental processes by regulating ribosomal structural features, activities and biogenesis in plant cells. Our results suggest that GIGANTUS1 might be a promising target to engineer transgenic plants with higher biomass and improved growth development for plant-based bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma W Gachomo
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St., Camden, NJ 08102, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology (CCIB), Rutgers University, 315 Penn St., Camden, NJ 08102, USA
| | - Jose C Jimenez-Lopez
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, High Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, Granada E-18008, Spain
| | - Lyla Jno Baptiste
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St., Camden, NJ 08102, USA
| | - Simeon O Kotchoni
- Department of Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St., Camden, NJ 08102, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology (CCIB), Rutgers University, 315 Penn St., Camden, NJ 08102, USA
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Capriotti AL, Borrelli GM, Colapicchioni V, Papa R, Piovesana S, Samperi R, Stampachiacchiere S, Laganà A. Proteomic study of a tolerant genotype of durum wheat under salt-stress conditions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1423-35. [PMID: 24337188 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7549-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress conditions limiting crop growth and productivity. Duilio is a wheat genotype that shows tolerant behavior in both salt-stress and drought-stress conditions. Toward better understanding of the biochemical response to salinity in this genotype of durum wheat, a comparative label-free shotgun proteomic analysis based on normalized spectral abundance factors was conducted on wheat leaf samples subjected to increasing salt-stress levels (100 and 200 mmol L(-1) NaCl) with respect to untreated samples. We found significant changes in 71 proteins for the first stress level, in 83 proteins at the higher salinity level, and in 88 proteins when comparing salt-stress levels with each other. The major changes concerned the proteins involved in primary metabolism and production of energy, followed by those involved in protein metabolism and cellular defense mechanisms. Some indications of different specific physiological and defense mechanisms implicated in increasing tolerance were obtained. The enhanced salinity tolerance in Duilio appeared to be governed by a higher capacity for osmotic homeostasis, a more efficient defense, and an improvement of protection from mechanical stress by increased cell wall lignifications, allowing a better potential for growth recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy,
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Symbiotic lactobacilli stimulate gut epithelial proliferation via Nox-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species. EMBO J 2013; 32:3017-28. [PMID: 24141879 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2013.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The resident prokaryotic microbiota of the metazoan gut elicits profound effects on the growth and development of the intestine. However, the molecular mechanisms of symbiotic prokaryotic-eukaryotic cross-talk in the gut are largely unknown. It is increasingly recognized that physiologically generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as signalling secondary messengers that influence cellular proliferation and differentiation in a variety of biological systems. Here, we report that commensal bacteria, particularly members of the genus Lactobacillus, can stimulate NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1)-dependent ROS generation and consequent cellular proliferation in intestinal stem cells upon initial ingestion into the murine or Drosophila intestine. Our data identify and highlight a highly conserved mechanism that symbiotic microorganisms utilize in eukaryotic growth and development. Additionally, the work suggests that specific redox-mediated functions may be assigned to specific bacterial taxa and may contribute to the identification of microbes with probiotic potential.
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