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Gallardo-Peralta LP, Sanchez-Moreno E, Herrera S. Aging and Family Relationships among Aymara, Mapuche and Non-Indigenous People: Exploring How Social Support, Family Functioning, and Self-Perceived Health Are Related to Quality of Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159247. [PMID: 35954611 PMCID: PMC9368255 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Family relationships play a central role in wellbeing among older adults in Chile. Based on the theory of social production functions, this study examined the relationship between perceived social support from children, partners and relatives, family functioning, self-perceived health and quality of life (QoL) among Chilean older adults. The study used a multi-ethnic sample of Chilean older adults living in rural areas in the regions of Arica and Parinacota (north) and Araucanía (south). A model was analyzed that emphasizes relationships differentiated by the source of support, family functioning and self-perceived health in the explanation of QoL. The results obtained from the structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis showed the existence of indirect relationships of social support from children, partners and other family members via family functioning, while self-perceived health was directly associated with QoL. The findings indicate that family functioning is a main variable in the contrasted model, in addition to confirming the importance of distinguishing the role of the various sources of support. Research is needed to examine in detail intergenerational relationships and other relationships with family members who are significant in the wellbeing of older adults. This research corroborates that family relationships have a specificity that needs to be addressed in gerontological social intervention, as well as continuing along the lines of strengthening or improving existing family ties (more quality) over the quantity of social relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Patricia Gallardo-Peralta
- Dirección de Investigación, Postgrado y Transferencia Tecnológica, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Department of Social Work and Social Services, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Esteban Sanchez-Moreno
- Institute for Research in Development and Cooperation (IUDC-UCM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Soledad Herrera
- Institute of Sociology, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
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102
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Ventura F, Brovall M, Smith F. Beyond effectiveness evaluation: Contributing to the discussion on complexity of digital health interventions with examples from cancer care. Front Public Health 2022; 10:883315. [PMID: 35968430 PMCID: PMC9374100 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.883315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital health interventions (DHIs) have become essential complementary solutions in health care to enhance support and communication at a distance, with evidence of improving patient outcomes. Improving clinical outcomes is a major determinant of success in any health intervention, influencing its funding, development, adoption and implementation in real-world practice. In this article we explore our experiences of developing and testing DHIs to identify and discuss complexity challenges along their intervention research lifecycle. Informed by the case study research approach, we selected three individual DHIs aimed at satisfying the supportive and educational needs of people living with cancer. The Care Expert, the Digi-Do and the Gatapp were underpinned on different complexity frameworks i.e., the Medical Research Council framework and the Non-adoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread and Sustainability framework. This variance on the methodological underpinning was expected to prompt a multifaceted discussion on the complexity dimensions endorsed by each of the frameworks. Our discussion endorses the adoption of mixed-methods research designs, to gather the perspectives of stakeholders and end-users, as well as pragmatic evaluation approaches that value effectiveness outcomes as much as process outcomes. Furthermore, the dissemination and sustainability agenda of DHIs needs to be considered from early-stage development with the inclusion of a business model. This business plan should be worked in partnership with healthcare services, regulatory bodies and industry, aiming to assure the management of the DHI throughout time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Ventura
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Filipa Ventura
| | - Maria Brovall
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping Academy, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frida Smith
- Regional Cancer Centre West, Western Sweden Healthcare Region, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Technology Management and Economics, Center for Healthcare Improvement, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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103
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Dungan JA, Munguia Gomez DM, Epley N. Too Reluctant to Reach Out: Receiving Social Support Is More Positive Than Expressers Expect. Psychol Sci 2022; 33:1300-1312. [PMID: 35802611 DOI: 10.1177/09567976221082942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Receiving social support is critical for well-being, but concerns about a recipient's reaction could make people reluctant to express such support. Our studies indicate that people's expectations about how their support will be received predict their likelihood of expressing it (Study 1, N = 100 online adults), but these expectations are systematically miscalibrated. Participants who sent messages of support to others they knew (Study 2, N = 120 students) or who expressed support to a new acquaintance in person (Study 3, N = 50 adult pairs) consistently underestimated how positively their recipients would respond. A systematic perspective gap between expressers and recipients may explain miscalibrated expectations: Expressers may focus on how competent their support seems, whereas recipients may focus on the warmth it conveys (Study 4, N = 300 adults). Miscalibrated concerns about how to express support most competently may make people overly reluctant to reach out to someone in need.
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104
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Kirchhofer SM, Orm S, Haukeland YB, Fredriksen T, Wakefield CE, Fjermestad KW. A systematic review of social support for siblings of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 126:104234. [PMID: 35468570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support is a protective factor for siblings of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. AIMS We reviewed studies on social support received by siblings of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We conducted a pre-registered systematic review (CRD42020207686), searching PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Fifteen articles were eligible for the review, 13 of which used cross-sectional designs. Two studies investigated sibling social support after an intervention. Multiple variables were negatively related to social support (e.g., sibling depression, loneliness, stress). Variables that were positively related to social support included prosocial behavior, competence (academic, social, and activity-related), problem-focused coping, and family quality of life. Potential moderators of the relationship between social support and psychosocial adjustment included the type of disorder of the affected sibling and the type of social support provider. We conclude with an overview of the reliability and validity of the seven social support measurements used across the studies. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Lower levels of social support are associated with more negative psychosocial adjustment among siblings of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. We encourage future researchers to further investigate ways to increase social support for siblings to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveig M Kirchhofer
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Nic Waals Institutt, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Lovisenberg Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Stian Orm
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | | | - Trude Fredriksen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Krister W Fjermestad
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Frambu Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Nordre Follo, Norway
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105
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Hu X, Song Y, Zhu R, He S, Zhou B, Li X, Bao H, Shen S, Liu B. Understanding the impact of emotional support on mental health resilience of the community in the social media in Covid-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:360-368. [PMID: 35460730 PMCID: PMC9365927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional support in social media can act as a buffer against the negative impact of affective disorders. However, empirical evidence relating to emotional support in social media and how it influences the wider public remains scanty. The objective of this study is therefore to conduct a prototype investigation into the translation mechanism of emotional support in social media, providing empirical evidence for practitioners to use to tackle mental health issues for the wider public. METHODS A regression model is proposed to examine the relationship between perceived and received emotional support. Received emotional support is set as the dependent variable and measured using public activity. Perceived emotional support is derived using Natural Language Processing (NLP)-based content analysis. The model is then analyzed using a panel date with a total number of 61,297 posts from 17 Weibo accounts in 17 provincial administrative units in China. RESULTS The relationship between perceived and received emotional support is not linear but complex, suggesting that translation of emotional support is not automatic. Further, our empirical evidence suggests that the translation of emotional support in social media is affected by frequency and pandemic stage. LIMITATIONS The study does not examine the direct relationship between perceived and received emotional support, instead adopting public activity as a proxy for the latter construct. In addition, the relationship between perceived and received emotional support is more complex than linear, requiring further model and theory development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Hu
- School of public policy and administration, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Chongqing 440044, China
| | - Yanqing Song
- School of public policy and administration, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Chongqing 440044, China.
| | - Ruilin Zhu
- Department of Management Science, Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster LA1 4YX, United Kingdom.
| | - Shuang He
- School of public policy and administration, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Chongqing 440044, China.
| | - Bowen Zhou
- Lee Koon China School of Business, Singapore Management University, 50 Stamford Rd, 178899, Singapore.
| | - Xuelian Li
- School of public policy and administration, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Chongqing 440044, China.
| | - Han Bao
- School of public policy and administration, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Chongqing 440044, China
| | - Shan Shen
- School of public policy and administration, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Chongqing 440044, China.
| | - Bingsheng Liu
- School of public policy and administration, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Chongqing 440044, China.
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106
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Social support and C-reactive protein in a Québec population cohort of children and adolescents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268210. [PMID: 35731783 PMCID: PMC9216536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Robust evidence exists for the health-enhancing benefits of social support in adults. Inflammatory processes are thought to be an important mechanism linking social support and health risk. Less is known about the relation between social support and chronic inflammation during childhood and adolescence, or when the association emerges during the lifespan. Method Data from the population-representative 1999 Quebec Child and Adolescent Health and Social (QCAHS) survey were analyzed. Youth aged 9, 13, and 16 years (N = 3613) and their parents answered questions about social support. A subsample (n = 2186) completed a fasting blood draw that was assayed for C-reactive protein (CRP). Findings Higher social support was significantly associated with lower hs-CRPlog, after controlling for age, sex, body mass index (BMI Z-score), medication use, puberty, ethnoracial status (French-Canadian), smoking, household income, and parental education (F = 25.88, p = < .001, Total R2adj = 10.2%). The association was largely similar for boys and girls, and strengthened with age. Conclusion Greater social support was linked to lower chronic low-grade inflammation in a large sample of children and adolescents. Effect sizes were small and consistent with prior findings in the adult literature. Importantly, these findings provide evidence that the relation between social support and inflammation emerges early in the lifespan. Future work should consider broader, more encompassing conceptualizations of social support, the role of social media, and prospective trajectories of social support and inflammatory markers.
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107
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Religiosity, Emotions and Health: The Role of Trust/Mistrust in God in People Affected by Cancer. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10061138. [PMID: 35742189 PMCID: PMC9222636 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trust in God implies the conviction that God looks after a person’s own interests. The first evidence of a relationship between this construct and people’s psychological and emotional health dates back several centuries. However, the literature on this is limited, especially for people with physical health conditions, such as cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the relationships between trust/mistrust in God, social support and emotions in people affected by cancer. The sample consisted of 177 women and men in Spain diagnosed with cancer. The instruments used were the Trust/Mistrust in God Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to compare several explanatory models for the dependent variables: positive and negative emotions. The results show significant relationships between all variables. It was observed that, when trust/mistrust in God is included in the model, only mistrust in God predicts both types of emotions. In addition, both social support and some sociodemographic variables help to predict the dependent variables. This study shows that valuing the religiosity and spirituality of oncology patients in healthcare settings can have a significant positive impact on the health of these individuals. Moreover, it represents an important approach to the study of trust/mistrust in God in the context of a traditionally Catholic country.
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108
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Andreou A, Dhand A, Vassilev I, Griffiths C, Panzarasa P, De Simoni A. Understanding Online and Offline Social Networks in Illness Management of Older Patients With Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Mixed Methods Study Using Quantitative Social Network Assessment and Qualitative Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e35244. [PMID: 35579933 PMCID: PMC9157321 DOI: 10.2196/35244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals’ social networks and social support are fundamental determinants of self-management and self-efficacy. In chronic respiratory conditions, social support can be promoted and optimized to facilitate the self-management of breathlessness. Objective This study aimed to identify how online and offline social networks play a role in the health management of older patients with chronic respiratory conditions, explore the role of support from online peers in patients’ self-management, and understand the barriers to and potential benefits of digital social interventions. Methods We recruited participants from a hospital-run singing group to a workshop in London, the United Kingdom, and adapted PERSNET, a quantitative social network assessment tool. The second workshop was replaced by telephone interviews because of the COVID-19 lockdown. The transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results A total of 7 participants (2/7, 29%, men and 5/7, 71%, women), with an age range of 64 to 81 years, produced network maps that comprised between 5 and 10 individuals, including family members, health care professionals, colleagues, activity groups, offline and online friends, and peers. The visual maps facilitated reflections and enhanced participants’ understanding of the role of offline and online social networks in the management of chronic respiratory conditions. It also highlighted the work undertaken by the networks themselves in the self-management support. Participants with small, close-knit networks received physical, health, and emotional support, whereas those with more diverse and large networks benefited from accessing alternative and complementary sources of information. Participants in the latter type of network tended to communicate more openly and comfortably about their illness, shared the impact of their illness on their day-to-day life, and demonstrated distinct traits in terms of identity and perception of chronic disease. Participants described the potential benefits of expanding their networks to include online peers as sources of novel information, motivation, and access to supportive environments. Lack of technological skills, fear of being scammed, or preference for keeping illness-related problems for themselves and immediate family were reported by some as barriers to engaging with online peer support. Conclusions In this small-scale study, the social network assessment tool proved feasible and acceptable. These data show the value of using a social network tool as a research tool that can help assess and understand network structure and engagement in the self-management support and could be developed into an intervention to support self-management. Patients’ preferences to share illness experiences with their online peers, as well as the contexts in which this can be acceptable, should be considered when developing and offering digital social interventions. Future studies can explore the evolution of the social networks of older people with chronic illnesses to understand whether their willingness to engage with online peers can change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Andreou
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Asthma UK Centre of Applied Research, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amar Dhand
- Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ivaylo Vassilev
- Social Networks Health and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Griffiths
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Asthma UK Centre of Applied Research, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Panzarasa
- School of Business and Management, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna De Simoni
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Asthma UK Centre of Applied Research, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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109
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Xiong M, Hu ZQ, Ye YD. Association of relative deprivation with social withdrawal and its underlying mechanisms: A large cross-sectional study among Chinese migrant adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03194-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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110
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Choi S, Kiriya J, Shibanuma A, Jimba M. Mediating role of social capital in the association between socioeconomic status and childcare practices in rural Malawi: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054134. [PMID: 35534073 PMCID: PMC9086639 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childcare practices determine the child nutritional outcomes, but resources for good practices are unequally distributed across socioeconomic status (SES). This study first examined the associations between social capital and childcare practices separately across SES groups. It then investigated the mediation effect of social capital between SES and childcare practices. DESIGN This cross-sectional study used the Short Version of the Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool to measure structural social capital (group membership, social support and citizenship activities) and cognitive social capital of mothers. Data were analysed using multilevel logistic regressions with random intercepts and mediation modellings. SETTING Rural Lilongwe, Malawi. PARTICIPANTS A total of 320 mothers with a child aged between 12 months and 23 months. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Childcare practice outcomes included were minimum dietary diversity, handwashing and complete vaccination. RESULTS Among structural social capital dimensions, social support was found to be positively associated with minimum dietary diversity (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.44, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.71; p<0.001) and handwashing for all mothers (AOR=1.42, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.64; p<0.001). In the subgroup analysis, the higher SES group had higher odds of meeting the minimum dietary diversity (AOR=1.63, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.26; p=0.01) and handwashing with increased social support (AOR=1.53, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.08; p=0.01) than the lower SES. The mediation effect of social support accounted for 27.3% of the total effect between SES and minimum dietary diversity. Cognitive social capital was negatively associated with vaccination for the lower SES group (AOR=0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.68; p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS To improve feeding and handwashing practices and to reduce health inequalities in rural Malawi, governments and organisations should consider promoting the value of social support and health. Future research is needed to explain the negative association between cognitive social capital and vaccination among the lower SES group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyoon Choi
- Department of Community and Global Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Junko Kiriya
- Department of Community and Global Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Akira Shibanuma
- Department of Community and Global Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Masamine Jimba
- Department of Community and Global Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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111
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In good company? Development and validation of the Family-Supportive Coworker Behavior Scale. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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112
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Investigation of Loneliness and Social Support in Patients with Eating Disorders: A Case-Control Study. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint3020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Loneliness and, to a lesser degree, social support are considered under-researched topics in the literature on eating disorders (ED). This study attempted to expand the relevant body of research by examining loneliness in combination with social support in ED patients and in healthy controls (HC). Binge-eating problems, emotional eating, resilience, anxiety, and depression symptoms were also assessed. Thirty-two patients with ED and twenty-nine HC completed the following measures: UCLA Loneliness Scale, Social Support Questionnaire—Short Form, Binge Eating Scale, Emotional Eating Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Eating-disorder patients showed higher levels of loneliness and lower levels of social support—both in terms of perceived availability and satisfaction—than HC. Anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge-eating disorder (BED) subgroups did not differ significantly on either of these variables. In ED patients, loneliness was only correlated with Social Support Satisfaction (negatively) and depressive symptomatology (positively). Patients with ED appear to be lonelier and less satisfied with their social support compared to HC. We found similar levels of loneliness and social support between AN, BN, and BED sufferers. Decreased social support satisfaction and elevated symptoms of depression could account for ED patients’ high levels of loneliness.
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113
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Mitchell AM, Kowalsky JM, Christian LM, Belury MA, Cole RM. Perceived social support predicts self-reported and objective health and health behaviors among pregnant women. J Behav Med 2022; 45:589-602. [PMID: 35449357 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal health and health behaviors play a crucial role in maternal and neonatal health. Data examining psychosocial factors which predict self-reported health and health behaviors as well as objective indicators downstream of health behaviors among pregnant women are lacking. In this longitudinal study design with 131 pregnant women, perceived social support was examined as a predictor of self-rated health and average levels of sleep quality, health-promoting and health-impairing behaviors, and red blood cell (RBC) polyunsaturated fatty acids across early, mid, and late pregnancy. Participants provided a blood sample and fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography. Measures included the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Prenatal Health Behavior Scale. Regression models demonstrated that, after adjustment for income, race/ethnicity, age, relationship status, pre-pregnancy body mass index, greater social support was associated with better self-rated health (p = 0.001), greater sleep quality (p = 0.001), fewer health-impairing behaviors (p = 0.02), and higher RBC omega-3 fatty acids (p = 0.003). Associations among social support with health-promoting behaviors, RBC omega-6 fatty acids, or gestational weight gain were not significant. Findings underscore the benefits of perceived social support in the context of pregnancy. Examination of pathways that link social support with these outcomes will be meaningful in determining the ways in which perinatal psychosocial interventions may promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Mitchell
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Louisville, Woodford and Harriett Porter Building, 1905 South 1st Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
| | | | - Lisa M Christian
- Department of Psychiatry &, Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Martha A Belury
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rachel M Cole
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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114
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Gründahl M, Weiß M, Maier L, Hewig J, Deckert J, Hein G. Construction and Validation of a Scale to Measure Loneliness and Isolation During Social Distancing and Its Effect on Mental Health. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:798596. [PMID: 35449561 PMCID: PMC9017747 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.798596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of factors contribute to the degree to which a person feels lonely and socially isolated. These factors may be particularly relevant in contexts requiring social distancing, e.g., during the COVID-19 pandemic or in states of immunodeficiency. We present the Loneliness and Isolation during Social Distancing (LISD) Scale. Extending existing measures, the LISD scale measures both state and trait aspects of loneliness and isolation, including indicators of social connectedness and support. In addition, it reliably predicts individual differences in anxiety and depression. Data were collected online from two independent samples in a social distancing context (the COVID-19 pandemic). Factorial validation was based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA; Sample 1, N = 244) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; Sample 2, N = 304). Multiple regression analyses were used to assess how the LISD scale predicts state anxiety and depression. The LISD scale showed satisfactory fit in both samples. Its two state factors indicate being lonely and isolated as well as connected and supported, while its three trait factors reflect general loneliness and isolation, sociability and sense of belonging, and social closeness and support. Our results imply strong predictive power of the LISD scale for state anxiety and depression, explaining 33 and 51% of variance, respectively. Anxiety and depression scores were particularly predicted by low dispositional sociability and sense of belonging and by currently being more lonely and isolated. In turn, being lonely and isolated was related to being less connected and supported (state) as well as having lower social closeness and support in general (trait). We provide a novel scale which distinguishes between acute and general dimensions of loneliness and social isolation while also predicting mental health. The LISD scale could be a valuable and economic addition to the assessment of mental health factors impacted by social distancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Gründahl
- Translational Social Neuroscience Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Weiß
- Translational Social Neuroscience Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Maier
- Translational Social Neuroscience Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hewig
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Psychology I: Differential Psychology, Personality Psychology and Psychological Diagnostics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Translational Social Neuroscience Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Grit Hein
- Translational Social Neuroscience Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Weidmann R, Chopik WJ. Romantic Attachment, Stress, and Cognitive Functioning in a Large Sample of Middle-Aged and Older Couples. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2022.104233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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116
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Nakamura JS, Kim ES, Rentscher KE, Bower JE, Kuhlman KR. Early-life stress, depressive symptoms, and inflammation: the role of social factors. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:843-851. [PMID: 33502257 PMCID: PMC8313624 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1876636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify modifiable, social factors that moderate the relationship between early-life stress (ELS) and health outcomes as measured by depressive symptoms and inflammation. METHODS Data were from 3,416 adults (58.28% female), ages 36 - 97 (Mage = 68.41; SDage = 10.24) who participated in the 2006 wave of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of older adults in the United States. This study used hierarchical regression analyses to first test the main effects of ELS on depressive symptoms and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). Four social factors (perceived support, frequency of social contact, network size, and volunteer activity) were assessed as moderators of the ELS-depression and ELS-inflammation relationships. RESULTS There was a small, positive association between ELS and depressive symptoms (B = 0.17, SE = 0.05, p = .002), which was moderated by social contact and perceived support. Specifically, ELS was only associated with elevated depressive symptoms for participants with limited social contact (B = 0.24, SE = 0.07, p < .001) and low perceived support (B = 0.24, SE = 0.07, p < .001). These associations remained after accounting for potential confounds (age, body-mass index, adulthood stress, and marital status). CONCLUSIONS Increased social contact and perceived support may be protective for individuals at a higher risk of developing depressive symptoms as a result of ELS. Future interventions may benefit from leveraging these social factors to improve quality of life in adults with ELS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Nakamura
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eric S. Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kelly E. Rentscher
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julienne E. Bower
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kate R. Kuhlman
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA,Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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117
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Rinner MT, Haller E, Meyer AH, Gloster AT. Is giving receiving? The influence of autonomy on the association between prosocial behavior and well-being. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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118
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Thoits PA. Successful supportive encounters from the peer supporter's perspective: Do status similarities to support recipients matter? JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:1376-1394. [PMID: 34600445 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Experientially similar others, or "peer supporters," are persons who have faced a support recipient's stressor before. Theory suggests that peer supporters' understanding of and empathy for support recipients will be heightened when they match recipients not only in stressor experience but on one or more social statuses (e.g., age, education). Thus, peer-support volunteers may perceive supportive encounters as more successful when participants' statuses match. To explore this, volunteer Mended Hearts Visitors (former heart patients who visit currently hospitalized cardiac patients and their family members) were interviewed in-depth (N = 84). Visitors more often perceived same age and gender, but not same race and education, as enhancing rapport and patients' receptivity to their help. The findings suggest statuses which are culturally relevant to a shared stressor (here, cardiac surgery) can boost supporters' effectiveness, with practical implications for peer support-giving organizations that bring together experiential peers with recipients in pairs or small groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy A Thoits
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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119
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Jankovic-Rankovic J, Oka RC, Meyer JS, Snodgrass JJ, Eick GN, Gettler LT. Transient refugees' social support, mental health, and physiological markers: Evidence from Serbian asylum centers. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23747. [PMID: 35349201 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Refugees seeking safety across international borders are often exposed to a wide breadth of psychosocially stressful experiences that may fracture existing sources of social support and impair the generation of new social relationships, with implications for their long-term health and resilience. Using data from recently settled refugees in two asylum centers in Serbia, we examined the associations between social support, mental health, and physiological markers. METHODS In this mixed-method study of refugees (age 18-50 years, n = 76), we collected key socio-demographic information and conducted semi-structured interviews about refugees' journey and stay in Serbia, trauma/loss, and their sources of social support. We also collected self-reported measures of mental well-being as well as physiological markers relevant to repeated exposure to chronic psychosocial stress (fingernail cortisol and dried blood spots for analysis of Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] antibody titers). RESULTS We found that refugees with longer journeys reported lower social support than those with shorter journeys. Refugees with lower social support reported poorer mental well-being, greater PTSD-related symptoms, and higher recent perceived stress than those with higher social support. We also observed that refugees with lower social support and higher recent stress, respectively, tended to exhibit higher fingernail cortisol levels. However, we did not observe comparable patterns linking EBV antibodies with psychosocial functioning. CONCLUSION Our cross-sectional findings are consistent with the notion that social support is likely to be a critical component in effective interventions aimed at mitigating the adverse health effects of relocation-related illnesses and poor social functioning as they await resettlement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul C Oka
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Jerrold S Meyer
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Josh Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Geeta N Eick
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Lee T Gettler
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.,Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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120
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Schmiedl A, Schulte EM, Kauffeld S. The Demands-Buffering Role of Perceived and Received Social Support for Perceived Stress and Cortisol Levels. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: Social support is known as a crucial resource in buffering the effect of stress in terms of negative outcomes. Nevertheless, research on potential buffering effects of support before stress sets in has mostly entailed experimental studies. Thus, the current literature limits the transferability into the field, especially concerning the different roles of perceived and actually received social support. Aim: This study aims to extend research on the mechanisms behind the demands-buffering effects of social support. Accordingly, the job demands-resources framework undergirded our analysis of the effects of different aspects of social support (perceived vs. received support and support quality vs. quantity) on the relationship between demands and perceived stress as well as cortisol levels. Method: Data were collected from N = 125 participants at two measurement points 4 weeks apart, using questionnaires, social network analysis, and salivary cortisol. Results: Study findings reveal that (1) buffering effects of support were different for perceived stress and cortisol levels; (2) the buffering effect of perceived support depended on the level of demands, how stress was measured, and whether received support was included in the model; and (3) support quality demonstrated a demand-buffering effect, while support quantity showed contradictory patterns. Limitations: Limitations concerning the sample characteristics and measurement approaches are discussed. Conclusion: Overall, received support, especially quality, seems most relevant for buffering the effect of demands on stress. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need to assess social support as a multidimensional construct to better understand the mechanism of its demand-buffering effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Schmiedl
- Department of Industrial/Organizational and Social Psychology, TU Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Schulte
- Department of Industrial/Organizational and Social Psychology, TU Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Simone Kauffeld
- Department of Industrial/Organizational and Social Psychology, TU Braunschweig, Germany
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Berhe H, Godana W, Boti Sidamo N, Birgoda GT, Gebresillasie L, Hussen S, Gebeyehu S. Perceived Social Support and Associated Factors Among Adults Living with HIV/AIDS Attending ART Clinic at Public Hospitals in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia 2021. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2022; 14:103-117. [PMID: 35341218 PMCID: PMC8943604 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s351324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV/AIDS remains one of the world’s serious public health challenges. Patients with limited support from their family and community often experience social damage, poor adherence, compliance and are prone to additional psychosocial problems. This study aimed to assess the level of perceived social support and factors among adults living with HIV/AIDS. Methods Facility-based mixed study (sequential explanatory) design was conducted among 423 adults living with HIV/AIDS attending chronic care follow-up at public hospitals in Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia. Respondents were selected by systematic sampling technique. The bivariable and multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to determine associated factors. All assumptions applied to ordinal logistic regression including multicollinearity, proportional odds, model fitness and pseudo R2 were checked. Level of significance was declared at p-values <0.05 and 95% CI. Results Proportion of perceived social support of participants was 128 (30.7%), 197 (47.2%) and 92 (22.1%) with low, moderate and high levels of perceived social support, respectively. Females [(APOR = 2.42, 95% CI:(1.63–3.58), P < 0.001)], no formal education [(AOR = 0.49, 95% CI: (0.30–0.789), P = 0.004)], fair adherence [(APOR = 2.07, 95% CI: (1.17–3.49), P = 0.006)], no comprehensive knowledge about HIV [(APOR = 0.40, 95% CI: (0.26–0.62), P < 0.001)], and no disclosure status [(APOR = 0.64, 95% CI: (0.43–0.95), P = 0.028] were significantly associated with perceived social support. Qualitative findings revealed that disclosure and adherences involving income generation activities are beneficial to perceived social support. Conclusion This study showed that one from three of the participants had low perceived social support. Low perceived social support was associated with adherence, disclosure status of individual, educational status and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Family, friends, health care providers and significant others should provide necessary support and inform people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) about social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayelom Berhe
- Department of Nursing, Hossana College of Health Science, Hossana, Ethiopia
| | - Wanzahun Godana
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Negussie Boti Sidamo
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
- Department of Public Health, PHARMA College, Wolaita Sodo Campus, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremaryam Temesgen Birgoda
- Departments of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Gebremaryam Temesgen Birgoda; Negussie Boti Sidamo, Email ;
| | - Lielt Gebresillasie
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia
| | - Sultan Hussen
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Selamawit Gebeyehu
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
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122
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LeBlanc RG, Chiodo L, Jacelon CS. Social relationship influence on self-care and health among older people living with long term conditions: A mixed-methods study. Int J Older People Nurs 2022; 17:e12450. [PMID: 35191193 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social relationships influence health, yet less is known on how social relationships influence self-care among older people living with multiple long-term conditions. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine how social networks influence therapeutic self-care behaviours and health among community dwelling older people living with multiple long-term conditions. DESIGN Explanatory sequential mixed-methods. SETTING/SAMPLE Community dwelling older people living in the Northeast United States. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of eighty-nine people aged sixty-five and older participated in telephone surveys. A nested sample of twelve participants completed a follow-up open-ended interview. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations and regression statistics were used to examine the associations between social network features and functions with the dependent variables of therapeutic self-care behaviours and health. Qualities that emphasised the contexts of the relationships were integrated in the data analysis. RESULTS The strength of the social network and level of social support influenced the outcomes of therapeutic self-care and mental health. Thematic analysis expanded this explanation of self-care in relation to social network size, psycho-social support, activation of support, interaction frequency and type. CONCLUSION In supporting older people living with multiple long-term conditions, this nursing research offers new ways to understand close social relationships influence on self-care in developing systems of care at the community level. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Designing care systems that include small trusted formal and informal caregivers that integrate social network members could improve health outcomes and improve access to supportive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Chiodo
- University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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123
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Bublatzky F, Schellhaas S, Guerra P. The mere sight of loved ones does not inhibit psychophysiological defense mechanisms when threatened. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2515. [PMID: 35169193 PMCID: PMC8847570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Looking at pictures of loved ones, such as one's romantic partner or good friends, has been shown to alleviate the experience of pain and reduce defensive reactions. However, little is known about such modulatory effects on threat and safety learning and the psychophysiological processes involved. Here, we explored the hypothesis that beloved faces serve as implicit safety cues and attenuate the expression of fear responses and/or accelerate extinction learning in a threatening context. Thirty-two participants viewed pictures of their loved ones (romantic partner, parents, and best friend) as well as of unknown individuals within contextual background colors indicating threat-of-shock or safety. Focusing on the extinction of non-reinforced threat associations (no shocks were given), the experiment was repeated on two more test days while the defensive startle-EMG, SCR, and threat ratings were obtained. Results confirmed pronounced defensive responding to instructed threat-of-shock relative to safety context (e.g., threat-enhanced startle reflex and SCR). Moreover, threat-potentiated startle response slowly declined across test days indicating passive extinction learning in the absence of shocks. Importantly, neither a main effect of face category (loved vs. unknown) nor a significant interaction with threat/safety instructions was observed. Thus, a long-term learning history of beneficial relations (e.g., with supportive parents) did not interfere with verbal threat learning and aversive apprehensions. These findings reflect the effects of worries and apprehensions that persist despite the repeated experience of safety and the pictorial presence of loved ones. How to counter such aversive expectations is key to changing mal-adaptive behaviors (e.g., avoidance or stockpiling), biased risk perceptions, and stereotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bublatzky
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. .,Department of Personality, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Sabine Schellhaas
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Pedro Guerra
- Department of Personality, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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124
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Stone LB, Veksler AE. Stop talking about it already! Co-ruminating and social media focused on COVID-19 was associated with heightened state anxiety, depressive symptoms, and perceived changes in health anxiety during Spring 2020. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:22. [PMID: 35130965 PMCID: PMC8819886 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social distancing presents a significant obstacle for relationships and threatens mental health. Identifying maladaptive, voluntary coping strategies may inform how to maintain interpersonal relationships and mental health during quarantine. Co-ruminating with peers on negative events, moods and fears has adjustment trade-offs of increasing depression and anxiety risk while also enhancing friendship quality. Similarly, social media use is associated with social benefits and risk to mental health. We extend prior research by examining whether co-ruminating on COVID-19, social media use, and social media use focused on COVID-19 during social isolation was associated with heightened depression and anxiety symptoms but also lower loneliness and higher social support during initial lockdown measures in the USA. METHODS Adults were recruited through social media (n = 345) to complete self-report surveys on co-rumination, social media use, social distancing, social support from March-May 2020. During this cross-sectional assessment, in addition to completing surveys on current depressive symptoms and state and health anxiety, participants also provided retrospective report of their perceived health anxiety levels six months prior. RESULTS Co-ruminating on COVID-19 with peers and greater time on social media focused on COVID-19 predicted perceived increases in health anxiety and were also associated with higher depressive symptoms and state anxiety, even after controlling for significant demographic predictors. Further, in the context of social distancing, both interaction strategies failed to confer social benefits. CONCLUSIONS Results have direct implications for maintaining psychosocial health during social distancing restrictions. Adults may modify how they engage with peers by limiting COVID-19 content on social media and COVID-19 discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey B Stone
- Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8041, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA.
| | - Alice E Veksler
- Department of Communication, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, USA
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125
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Byrd DR, Jiang Y, Zilioli S, Thorpe RJ, Lichtenberg PA, Whitfield KE. The Interactive Effects of Education and Social Support on Blood Pressure in African Americans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:e98-e106. [PMID: 34612486 PMCID: PMC8824551 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined whether the effects of received and provided social support on blood pressure (BP) would differ by education. METHODS Data from 602 African American adults (48-95 years) enrolled in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging-Patterns of Cognitive Aging were analyzed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS We found no main effects of received and provided social support on BP. However, a significant moderation effect was observed for systolic BP, such that greater received social support was positively associated with higher systolic BP among individuals with low levels of education, adjusting for age, sex, chronic health conditions, and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that social support and education have joint effects on BP, which highlights the importance of considering psychosocial determinants of adverse cardiovascular health outcomes that disproportionately affect African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeAnnah R Byrd
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Institute of Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Samuele Zilioli
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roland J Thorpe
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Keith E Whitfield
- Office of the President, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
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126
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Thomas PA, Williams-Farrelly MM, Sauerteig MR, Ferraro KF. Childhood Stressors, Relationship Quality, and Cognitive Health in Later Life. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2022; 77:1361-1371. [PMID: 35085393 PMCID: PMC9255934 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The rising prevalence of cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and related disorders signals the need for a better understanding of how social factors may affect cognitive health for millions of Americans. Drawing from cumulative inequality theory, we aim to understand the implications of a stressful childhood on social relationships and cognitive health in later life. METHODS This study utilizes longitudinal data (2006-2016) from the Health and Retirement Study to examine pathways, both direct and indirect through social relationships in adulthood, from childhood stressors to cognitive health trajectories over time. RESULTS Respondents reporting a greater number of stressors in childhood had worse cognitive health over time, but those negative effects were not as steep as time progressed. Early-life stressors are also associated with less social support and more social strain in adulthood which, in turn, are associated with initial cognitive health. Finally, pathway analyses confirm that childhood stressors are indirectly associated with initial cognitive health through social strain and social support. DISCUSSION Findings reveal that a stressful childhood creates chains of risks that have lifelong implications for cognitive health, both directly and indirectly by creating obstacles for developing healthy and supportive social relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Thomas
- Address correspondence to: Patricia A. Thomas, PhD, Department of Sociology, Purdue University, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. E-mail:
| | | | - Madison R Sauerteig
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA,Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Kenneth F Ferraro
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA,Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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127
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Frenkel MO, Pollak KM, Schilling O, Voigt L, Fritzsching B, Wrzus C, Egger-Lampl S, Merle U, Weigand MA, Mohr S. Stressors faced by healthcare professionals and coping strategies during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261502. [PMID: 35041679 PMCID: PMC8765664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted great pressure on national health systems, which have aimed to ensure comprehensive healthcare at all times. Healthcare professionals working with COVID-19 patients are on the frontline and thereby confronted with enormous demands. Although early reports exist on the psychological impact of the pandemic on frontline medical staff working in Asia, little is known about its impact on healthcare professionals in other countries and across various work sectors. The present cross-sectional, online survey sought to investigate common work stressors among healthcare professionals, their psychological stress as well as coping resources during the pandemic. METHODS A sample of 575 healthcare professionals (57% male) in three different sectors (hospital, prehospital emergency care, and outpatient service) reported their experiences concerning work and private stressors, psychological stress, and coping strategies between April 17, 2020 and June 5, 2020. To capture pandemic-specific answers, most of the items were adapted or newly developed. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) were conducted to detect underlying latent factors relating to COVID-specific work stressors. In a next step, the effects of these latent stressors across various work sectors on psychological stress (perceived stress, fatigue, and mood) were examined by means of structural equation models (SEM). To add lived experience to the findings, responses to open-ended questions about healthcare professionals' stressors, effective crisis measures and prevention, and individual coping strategies were coded inductively, and emergent themes were identified. RESULTS The EFA revealed that the examined work stressors can be grouped into four latent factors: "fear of transmission", "interference of workload with private life", "uncertainty/lack of knowledge", and "concerns about the team". The SEM results showed that "interference of workload with private life" represented the pivotal predictor of psychological stress. "Concerns about the team" had stress-reducing effects. The latent stressors had an equal effect on psychological stress across work sectors. On average, psychological stress levels were moderate, yet differed significantly between sectors (all p < .001); the outpatient group experienced reduced calmness and more stress than the other two sectors, while the prehospital group reported lower fatigue than the other two sectors. The prehospital group reported significantly higher concerns about the team than the hospital group (p < .001). In their reports, healthcare professionals highlighted regulations such as social distancing and the use of compulsory masks, training, experience and knowledge exchange, and social support as effective coping strategies during the pandemic. The hospital group mainly mentioned organizational measures such as visiting bans as effective crisis measures, whereas the prehospital sector most frequently named governmental measures such as contact restrictions. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated the need for sector-specific crisis measures to effectively address the specific work stressors faced by the outpatient sector in particular. The results on pandemic-specific work stressors reveal that healthcare professionals might benefit from coping strategies that facilitate the utilization of social support. At the workplace, team commitment and knowledge exchange might buffer against adverse psychological stress responses. Schedules during pandemics should give healthcare workers the opportunity to interact with families and friends in ways that facilitate social support outside work. Future studies should investigate cross-sector stressors using a longitudinal design to identify both sector- and time-specific measures. Ultimately, an international comparison of stressors and measures in different sectors of healthcare systems is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oliver Schilling
- Psychological Institute, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Voigt
- Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Benedikt Fritzsching
- Corona specialized physician practice, Heidelberg, Germany
- Head of outpatient service for pediatric patients with fever, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wrzus
- Psychological Institute, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Egger-Lampl
- Center for Technology Experience, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Uta Merle
- Department for Gastroenterology, Infectious diseases and Intoxication, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Mohr
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Uchino BN, Baucom BRW, Landvatter J, de Grey RGK, Tacana T, Flores M, Ruiz JM. Perceived social support and ambulatory blood pressure during daily life: a meta-analysis. J Behav Med 2022; 45:509-517. [PMID: 35034219 PMCID: PMC9283536 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00273-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Perceived social support has been linked to lower rates of morbidity and mortality. However, more information is needed on the biological mechanisms potentially responsible for such links. The main aim of this paper was to conduct a meta-analytic review of the association between perceived social support and awake ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) which is linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The review identified 12 studies with a total of 3254 participants. The omnibus meta-analysis showed that higher perceived social support was not significantly related to lower ABP (Zr = -0.052, [ -0.11, 0.01]). In addition, there was evidence of significant bias across several indicators. Future research will be needed to explore the boundary conditions linking social support to ABP and its implications for theoretical models and intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert N Uchino
- Department of Psychology and Health Psychology Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Brian R W Baucom
- Department of Psychology and Health Psychology Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Joshua Landvatter
- Department of Psychology and Health Psychology Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Robert G Kent de Grey
- Department of Psychology and Health Psychology Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Tracey Tacana
- Department of Psychology and Health Psychology Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Melissa Flores
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - John M Ruiz
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
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129
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The Social Networks and Social Support of Siblings of Children with Cancer. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9010113. [PMID: 35053738 PMCID: PMC8774421 DOI: 10.3390/children9010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Siblings of children with cancer need support to ameliorate the challenges they encounter; however, little is known about what types and sources of support exist for siblings. This study addresses this gap in our understanding of the social networks and sources of support for adolescents with a brother or sister who has cancer. Additionally, we describe how the support siblings receive addresses what they feel are the hardest aspects of being a sibling of a child with cancer. During semi-structured interviews, siblings (ages 12–17) constructed ecomaps describing their support networks. Data were coded for support type (emotional, instrumental, informational, validation, companionship) and support provider (e.g., mother, teacher, friend). Network characteristics and patterns of support were explored. Support network size ranged from 3 to 10 individuals (M = 6 ± 1.9); siblings most frequently reported mothers as sources of support (n = 22, 91.7%), followed by fathers (n = 19, 79.2%), close friends (n = 19, 79.2%) and siblings (with or without cancer) (n = 17, 70.8%). Friends and brothers or sisters most often provided validation and companionship while instrumental and informational supports came from parents. This study provides foundational knowledge about siblings’ support networks, which can be utilized to design interventions that improve support for siblings of children with cancer.
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130
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Landvatter JD, Uchino BN, Smith TW, Bosch JA. Partner's Perceived Social Support Influences Their Spouse's Inflammation: An Actor-Partner Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020799. [PMID: 35055620 PMCID: PMC8776087 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Social support has been linked to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, most studies have examined perceived support as an intrapersonal construct. A dyadic approach to social support highlights how interdependence between individuals within relationships, including partner perceptions and interactions, can influence one's health. This study's overall purpose was to test actor-partner models linking perceived social support to inflammation. Ninety-four cisgender married couples completed perceived support measures and had their blood drawn for CRP and IL-6 to produce an overall inflammatory index. The primary results indicate that only a partner's level of perceived support was related to lower inflammation in their spouse. Our sample size, although moderate for inflammatory studies, was probably not large enough to detect actor influences. These data highlight the importance of taking a dyadic perspective on modeling perceived support and its potential mechanism.
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131
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Katsaros D, Hawthorne J, Patel J, Pothier K, Aungst T, Franzese C. Optimizing Social Support in Oncology with Digital Platforms (Preprint). JMIR Cancer 2022; 8:e36258. [PMID: 35749161 PMCID: PMC9270705 DOI: 10.2196/36258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased cancer prevalence and survival rates coupled with earlier patient discharges from hospitals have created a greater need for social support. Cancer care is both short term and long term, requiring acute treatments, treatments for remission, and long-term screenings and treatment regimens. Health care systems are already overwhelmed and often struggle to provide social support systems for everyone. Caregivers are limited in number, and even when they are available, they often lack necessary information, skills, or resources to meet the needs of patients with cancer. The act of caregiving presents various challenges, and caregivers themselves often need social support as well. Despite these needs, most social support programs are targeted toward patients alone. Given the prevalence of cancer and known needs of these patients and their caregivers, the ability to identify those who need social support is crucial. Further, the scalability and overall availability of social support programs is vital for successful patient care. This paper establishes the benefits of social support for both patients and caregivers coping with cancer treatments, explores innovative ways of identifying patients who may need social support using digital tools, and reviews potential advantages of digital social support programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimos Katsaros
- Matchstick LLC, Boonton, NJ, United States
- College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - James Hawthorne
- Matchstick LLC, Boonton, NJ, United States
- College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Jay Patel
- College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Kaitlin Pothier
- College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Timothy Aungst
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Chris Franzese
- Matchstick LLC, Boonton, NJ, United States
- College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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132
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Development of a Conceptual Model of Occupational Stress for Athletic Directors in Sport Contexts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010516. [PMID: 35010776 PMCID: PMC8744908 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that occupational stress is a determinant risk factor for both chronic diseases and job performance among organizational leaders. Every occupation has its own culture and occupational climate influencing organizations within the industries. Thus, due to the idiosyncratic features inherent in sports, athletic directors may experience different occupational stressors. To date, there has been no comprehensive review of the occupational stress in athletic director contexts. Thus, based on the literature on both occupational stress and sport leadership, this study proposes a conceptual framework of occupational stress in sport leadership. The model identifies the five higher-order themes of occupational stressors and their associations with the first-level outcomes of individuals and the second-level outcomes of organizations. It also includes the two higher-order moderators of personal and organizational factors. It is hoped that this initiative can invoke interest in this topic to provide health-enhancing environments for athletic directors and quality sport services to society.
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133
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Okoye EC, Onwuakagba IU, Akile CC, Okonkwo UP, Akosile CO, Mgbeojedo UG, Oyewumi TJ, Kubeyinje OS. Social Support, General Self-Efficacy, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Among Older Adults in a Middle-Income Country. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2022; 8:23337214221097750. [PMID: 35478850 PMCID: PMC9036325 DOI: 10.1177/23337214221097750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the levels and interrelationships between fear of falling (FOF), physical activity (PA), social support (SS), and general self-efficacy (GSE) among older adults in a Nigerian community. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey involving 100 older adults (65.0% females; mean age = 74.25 ± 8.01 years) consecutively recruited from Nnewi community. Participants’ FOF, PA, GSE, and SS were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman rank order correlation, and structural equation modeling at a 0.05 level of significance. Results: The participants’ mean FOF, PA, GSE, and SS scores were 15.22 ± 7.43 (fearful), 114.76 ± 90.18 (low), 21.64 ± 8.25 (low) and 5.72 ± 1.19 (high) respectively. There were significant correlations between each pair of FOF, PA, GSE, and SS scores of the participants (p < .05). FOF and GSE were significant predictors of PA while GSE and SS were significant predictors of FOF. Conclusion: FOF and SS were high while PA and GSE were low in this sample of Nigerian older adults. Significant correlations existed between FOF, SS, GSE, and PA, with FOF and GSE being predictors of PA while GSE and SS significantly predicted FOF. Measures should be geared towards reducing FOF and improving PA, GSE, and SS in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel C Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma U Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Cynthia C Akile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Uchenna P Okonkwo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Christopher O Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Ukamaka G Mgbeojedo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo J Oyewumi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun S Kubeyinje
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
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134
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Shen B, Guan T, Du X, Pei C, Zhao J, Liu Y. Medication Adherence and Perceived Social Support of Hypertensive Patients in China: A Community-Based Survey Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:1257-1268. [PMID: 35610983 PMCID: PMC9124465 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s363148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies suggested perceived social support has impact on medication adherence among hypertensive patients, but did not simultaneously elucidate the different contents or key providers of social support that patients perceived. This study was to identify the contents and providers of perceived social support beneficial for improving medication adherence among hypertensive patients in China, which could prove important for targeted interventions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Following a multi-stage stratified sampling framework, a total of 903 hypertensive patients from 12 primary health institutions across a middle-income city were recruited from April to June 2021. Medication adherence was measured using the Chinese version of the Morisky, Green and Levine scale; perceived social support was determined using the name generator method. A binary logistic regression model was performed to identify the association between medication adherence and perceived social support. The contents of support included informational, emotional, and instrumental support (finances and caregiving). The support providers included spouse/partner, children, parents, siblings, other relatives, and friends. RESULTS A total of 506 (56.04%) patients optimally adhered to their antihypertensive medication. Female, older, urban patients, patients with shorter duration of hypertension and antihypertensive medications used showed better adherence (P<0.05). Optimal medication adherence was positively associated with the overall score of caregiving support (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.128; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.013-1.257]), informational support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.574; 95% CI = [1.112-2.227]), emotional support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.430; 95% CI = [1.032-1.981]), financial support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.439; 95% CI = [1.069-1.937]) and caregiving support from the spouse/partner (AOR = 1.652; 95% CI = [1.130-2.414]), whereas optimal medication adherence was negatively associated with caregiving support from friends (AOR = 0.499; 95% CI = [0.286-0.872]). CONCLUSION Informational, emotional, financial and caregiving support from spouses/partners have positive impacts on optimal medication adherence of hypertensive patients of community-level. Community-based interventions designed to improve medication adherence of hypertensive patients should target both patients and their spouses/partners; spouses/partners could be encouraged to provide various support to improve the medication adherence of hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Shen
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianjia Guan
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Du
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenyang Pei
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhong Zhao
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yuanli Liu, School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 46 Xizongbu Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13522592907, Fax +86 10 65105830, Email
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135
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Violent experiences and neighbourhoods during adolescence: understanding and mitigating the association with mental health at the transition to adulthood in a longitudinal cohort study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:2379-2391. [PMID: 35943559 PMCID: PMC9672016 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Violence occurs at multiple ecological levels and can harm mental health. However, studies of adolescents' experience of violence have often ignored the community context of violence, and vice versa. We examined how personal experience of severe physical violence and living in areas with high levels of neighbourhood disorder during adolescence combine to associate with mental health at the transition to adulthood and which factors mitigate this. METHOD Data were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of 2232 British twins. Participants' experience of severe physical violence during adolescence and past-year symptoms of psychiatric disorder were assessed via interviews at age 18. Neighbourhood disorder was reported by residents when participants were aged 13-14. Potential protective factors of maternal warmth, sibling warmth, IQ, and family socio-economic status were assessed during childhood, and perceived social support at age 18. RESULTS Personal experience of severe physical violence during adolescence was associated with elevated odds of age-18 psychiatric disorder regardless of neighbourhood disorder exposure. Cumulative effects of exposure to both were evident for internalising and thought disorder, but not externalising disorder. For adolescents exposed to severe physical violence only, higher levels of perceived social support (including from family and friends) were associated with lower odds of psychiatric disorder. For those who also lived in areas with high neighbourhood disorder, only family support mitigated their risk. CONCLUSION Increasing support or boosting adolescents' perceptions of their existing support network may be effective in promoting their mental health following violence exposure.
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136
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Farrell AK, Stanton SCE, Sbarra DA. Good Theories in Need of Better Data: Combining Clinical and Social Psychological Approaches to Study the Mechanisms Linking Relationships and Health. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2021; 17:863-883. [PMID: 34878961 DOI: 10.1177/17456916211027563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of intimate relationships and health is a fast-growing discipline with numerous well-developed theories, many of which outline specific interpersonal behaviors and psychological pathways that may give rise to good or poor health. In this article, we argue that the study of relationships and health can move toward interrogating these mechanisms with greater precision and detail, but doing so will require a shift in the nature of commonly used research methods in this area. Accordingly, we draw heavily on the science of behavior change and discuss six key methodologies that may galvanize the mechanistic study of relationships and health: dismantling studies, factorial studies, experimental therapeutics, experimental mediation research, multiple assessments, and recursive modeling. We provide empirical examples for each strategy and outline new ways in which a given approach may be used to study the mechanisms linking intimate relationships and health. We conclude by discussing the key challenges and limitations for using these research strategies as well as novel ideas about how to integrate this work into existing paradigms within the field.
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137
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Huelsnitz CO, Jones RE, Simpson JA, Joyal-Desmarais K, Standen EC, Auster-Gussman LA, Rothman AJ. The Dyadic Health Influence Model. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2021; 26:3-34. [PMID: 34873983 DOI: 10.1177/10888683211054897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Relationship partners affect one another's health outcomes through their health behaviors, yet how this occurs is not well understood. To fill this gap, we present the Dyadic Health Influence Model (DHIM). The DHIM identifies three routes through which a person (the agent) can impact the health beliefs and behavior of their partner (the target). An agent may (a) model health behaviors and shape the shared environment, (b) enact behaviors that promote their relationship, and/or (c) employ strategies to intentionally influence the target's health behavior. A central premise of the DHIM is that agents act based on their beliefs about their partner's health and their relationship. In turn, their actions have consequences not only for targets' health behavior but also for their relationship. We review theoretical and empirical research that provides initial support for the routes and offer testable predictions at the intersection of health behavior change research and relationship science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Keven Joyal-Desmarais
- Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Quebec, Canada
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138
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Dohle S, Schreiber M, Wingen T, Baumann M. Blaming others for their illness: The influence of health‐related implicit theories on blame and social support. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dohle
- Social Cognition Center Cologne, Department of Psychology University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- Medical School OWL Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany
| | - Mike Schreiber
- Social Cognition Center Cologne, Department of Psychology University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Tobias Wingen
- Social Cognition Center Cologne, Department of Psychology University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Marie Baumann
- Social Cognition Center Cologne, Department of Psychology University of Cologne Cologne Germany
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139
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Quan-Haase A, Harper MG, Wellman B. The role of communication technology across the life course: A field guide to social support in East York. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2021; 38:3497-3517. [PMID: 35431394 PMCID: PMC9006389 DOI: 10.1177/02654075211056898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper builds on a body of work over the decades that examines how East Yorkers give and receive support. We go beyond the earlier work taking into consideration communication technologies and how they play a role in the ways people exchange social support across the life course. We draw on 101 in-depth interviews conducted in 2013-2014 to shed light on the support networks of a sample of East York residents and discern the role of communication technologies in the exchange of different types of social support across age groups. Our findings show that not much has changed since the 1960s in terms of the social ties that our sample of East Yorkers have, and the types of support mobilized via social networks: companionship, small and large services, emotional aid, and financial support. What has changed is how communication technologies interweave in complex ways with different types of social ties (partners, siblings, friends, etc.) to mobilize social support. We found that communication technologies helped siblings and extended kin to increase the frequency of interaction and help exchange support at a distance. Communication technologies helped solidify friendship ties by providing a continuous flow of interaction. We draw implications for theories of social support and for social policy associated with interventions aimed at helping vulnerable groups cope in hard times such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barry Wellman
- NetLab Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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140
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Ybarra M, Barnett TA, Yu J, Van Hulst A, Drouin O, Kakinami L, Saint-Charles J, Henderson M. Personal Social Networks and Adiposity in Adolescents: A Feasibility Study. Child Obes 2021; 17:542-550. [PMID: 34264758 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2020.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Weight-related behaviors are determined by multiple individual and contextual factors, with recent evidence implicating personal social networks (PSNs). Greater understanding of these relationships could help inform healthy weight promoting interventions. We conducted a feasibility study among youth at risk of obesity to document process outcomes, to discern relationships between PSN features and weight-related behaviors, and to generate hypotheses with respect to perceived social support (SS) and sex. Methods: Participants (egos) nominated up to 10 people (alters) with whom they discussed important matters. Egos reported their own and each alter's age, sex, body shape, lifestyle behaviors, relation, frequency of exercising with each alter, and of being encouraged by each alter to exercise. We examined relationships between PSN features and weight-related outcomes and explored the role of SS, using both correlational and linear regression analyses. Results: There were 45 participants (mean age 16.4 years) and body mass index z-score (zBMI) ranged from -1.2 to 3.9. There were few missing responses to PSN items; broad variation across most items, including SS scores, was reported. Correlations pointed to plausible relationships implicating PSN features and lifestyle behaviors. In exploratory analyses, network-based SS was positively associated with adiposity in girls and negatively associated in boys, while lifestyle role modelling was not associated with adiposity. Conclusions: Our findings support the feasibility of measuring the PSN in youth and the potential for using social network analysis to investigate social and behavioral mechanisms associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ybarra
- Research Center of Sainte Justine University Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tracie A Barnett
- Research Center of Sainte Justine University Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Yu
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Center Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Andraea Van Hulst
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Drouin
- Research Center of Sainte Justine University Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lisa Kakinami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Johanne Saint-Charles
- Institut Santé et Société, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- Research Center of Sainte Justine University Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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141
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Bou-Samra P, Scott P, Cheng H, Kallem C, Pathak R, Geller DA, Marsh W, Wang Y, Antoni M, Penedo F, Tsung A, Steel JL. Social Support is Associated with Survival in Patients Diagnosed with Gastrointestinal Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:854-861. [PMID: 34806126 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the link between psychological, behavioral, and social factors and survival in patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer. METHODS A cohort of gastrointestinal cancer patients were administered a battery of questionnaires that assessed trauma, depression, social support, sleep, diet, exercise, quality of life, tobacco and alcohol use, pain, and fatigue. Analyses included Pearson's correlations, analyses of variance, Kaplan Meier survival, and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS Of the 568 patients, the majority were male (57.9%) and Caucasian (91.9%), with a mean age of 61 (S.D. = 10.7). The level of perceived social support was comparable to patients with other medical conditions. Sociodemographic predictors of social support included the number of years of education (r = 0.109, p = 0.05), marital status (F(6,387) = 5.465, p ≤ 0.001), and whether the patients' income met the family's basic needs (F(1,377) = 25.531, p < 0.001). Univariate analyses revealed that older age (p < 0.001), male gender (p = 0.007), being black (p = 0.005), diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (p = 0.046), higher body mass index (p = 0.022), larger tumor size (p = 0.032), initial treatment including chemotherapy rather than surgery (p < 0.001), and lower level of perceived social support (p = 0.037) were associated with poorer survival. Using multivariate Cox regression and adjusting for all factors found to be significant in univariate survival analyses, older age (p = 0.024) and lower perceived social support (HR = 0.441, 95% CI = 0.233, 0.833; p = 0.012) were the factors that remained significantly associated with poorer survival. CONCLUSION There are several biological and psychosocial factors that predict cancer mortality. Social support appears to be a robust factor affecting mortality in gastrointestinal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bou-Samra
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul Scott
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hannah Cheng
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cramer Kallem
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ritambhara Pathak
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wallis Marsh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yisi Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Antoni
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Frank Penedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Steel
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3459 Fifth Avenue; Montefiore 7S, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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142
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Maas J, Schoch S, Scholz U, Rackow P, Schüler J, Wegner M, Keller R. Teachers' perceived time pressure, emotional exhaustion and the role of social support from the school principal. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2021; 24:441-464. [PMID: 34776753 PMCID: PMC8550685 DOI: 10.1007/s11218-020-09605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Many teachers experience high levels of work-related strain due to time pressure, which over time can lead to various health problems, such as emotional exhaustion. However, there is growing evidence that this could be a reciprocal effect. Moreover, it is known that perceived social support can buffer the negative effects of stress, such as time pressure, on health outcomes. Less is known about buffering effects of received social support. Based on longitudinal data of n = 1071 Swiss primary and secondary school teachers over the course of one school year, the present study examined the reciprocal relationship between teachers’ perceived time pressure and emotional exhaustion and whether received social support from the school principal buffers this relationship. Results of a random intercept cross-lagged panel model show a strong relationship between teachers’ perceived time pressure and emotional exhaustion at the between-person level, but no effects at the within-person level. Further, received social support was directly related to less perceived time pressure and less emotional exhaustion. The results showed neither evidence for reciprocal effects between perceived time pressure and emotional exhaustion nor for a buffering effect of received social support from the school principal. Concluding, present findings indicate that the receipt of social support from the school principal is a central job resource that beneficially relates to teachers’ experience of time pressure and emotional exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Maas
- Leiden Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Simone Schoch
- Centre for Inclusion and Health in Schools, Zurich University of Teacher Education, Lagerstrasse 2, 8090 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Urte Scholz
- Department of Psychology, Applied Social and Health Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmühlestrasse 14 / Box 14, 8050 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pamela Rackow
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Julia Schüler
- Department of Sports Science, Sport Psychology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mirko Wegner
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Sport Psychology, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Sports Sciences, Philippstrasse 13, Haus 11, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roger Keller
- Centre for Inclusion and Health in Schools, Zurich University of Teacher Education, Lagerstrasse 2, 8090 Zürich, Switzerland
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143
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Hutten E, Jongen EMM, Vos AECC, van den Hout AJHC, van Lankveld JJDM. Loneliness and Mental Health: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Social Support. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182211963. [PMID: 34831717 PMCID: PMC8619017 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Social connectedness is a fundamental human need. The Evolutionary Theory of Loneliness (ETL) predicts that a lack of social connectedness has long-term mental and physical health consequences. Social support is a potential mechanism through which loneliness influences health. The present cross-sectional study examined the relationship between loneliness and mental health, and the mediating effects of social support in a Dutch adult sample (N = 187, age 20 to 70). The health variables included in the study are anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms as measured by the SCL-90, and the DSM-5 diagnosis somatic symptom disorder. The results indicated that social support partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms. These results indicate that social support partially explains the relationship between loneliness and physical and mental health issues. The relationship between loneliness and being diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder was not mediated by social support. This suggests that the mechanisms through which loneliness relates to either somatic symptoms or somatic symptom disorder are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elody Hutten
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6401 DL Heerlen, The Netherlands; (E.M.M.J.); (J.J.D.M.v.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ellen M. M. Jongen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6401 DL Heerlen, The Netherlands; (E.M.M.J.); (J.J.D.M.v.L.)
| | - Anique E. C. C. Vos
- Department of Clinical and Medical Psychology, Zuyderland Medical Center, 6419 PC Heerlen, The Netherlands; (A.E.C.C.V.); (A.J.H.C.v.d.H.)
| | - Anja J. H. C. van den Hout
- Department of Clinical and Medical Psychology, Zuyderland Medical Center, 6419 PC Heerlen, The Netherlands; (A.E.C.C.V.); (A.J.H.C.v.d.H.)
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144
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Esteve R, Bernardes SF, López-Martínez AE, Martín-Delgado CE, Ramírez-Maestre C. The Informal Social Support for Autonomy and Dependence in Pain Inventory Spanish version. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 30:e1991-e2002. [PMID: 34747074 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Social support plays a crucial role in the quality of life of people with chronic pain. The Informal Social Support for Autonomy and Dependence in Pain Inventory assesses two functions of received social support: the promotion of autonomy and the promotion of dependence. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to adapt this instrument for its use in the Spanish population. The sample comprised 256 individuals with chronic pain. Participants were recruited through two local associations of people with fibromyalgia, a physiotherapy unit and a hospital pain unit. The data were collected in Spain between October 2018 and January 2020. The structure of the questionnaire was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, average variance extracted, composite reliability and internal consistency indexes, and inter-correlations between the scales. The criterion-related validity of the instrument was analysed by investigating its relationship with pain intensity, positive and negative affect, daily functioning, activity impairment, wellbeing and satisfaction with life. The structure with the best fit had four related factors: emotional social support for the promotion of autonomy; instrumental social support for the promotion of autonomy; emotional social support for the promotion of dependence and instrumental social support for the promotion of dependence. The scales showed adequate internal consistency. An association was found between higher levels of instrumental social support for the promotion of dependence and higher levels of pain-related disability and decreased daily functioning. An association was also found between the promotion of autonomy and increased satisfaction with life. The Spanish version of the inventory shows appropriate psychometric properties. In the setting of disability prevention, this instrument is useful in assessing the support relationships between people with chronic pain and their relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Esteve
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sonia F Bernardes
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Centro de Investigação e de Intervenção Social (CIS-IUL), ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alicia E López-Martínez
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Estela Martín-Delgado
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Ramírez-Maestre
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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145
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Guan M, Han JY, Shah DV, Gustafson DH. Exploring the Role of Social Support in Promoting Patient Participation in Health Care among Women with Breast Cancer. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 36:1581-1589. [PMID: 32500731 PMCID: PMC7718291 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1773704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Scholars have adopted Street's (2003) ecological model of communication in medical encounters to investigate the factors promoting patient participation in health care. However, factors demonstrated in the ecological model were bounded in the context of medical care primarily focusing on health care providers and patients. Social factors, such as patients' relationships and supportive communication with others outside the context of health care remain relatively unexplored. To expand the purview of our understanding of factors that influence patient participation, this research integrated social support literature into the research on physician-patient communication and proposed a model which described a process through which social support can enhance patient participation in health care. The data analyzed in this study were a part of two larger clinical trials in which 661 women with breast cancer were recruited from three cancer institutions in the United States. The results from structural equation modeling analysis from cross-sectional and longitudinal data provided strong evidence for the hypotheses predicting that perceived social support was positively associated with health information competence, which in turn fully mediated the association between social support and patient participation in health care. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Guan
- Department of Communication, University of Arkansas
| | - Jeong Yeob Han
- Department of Advertising & Public Relations, University of Georgia
| | - Dhavan V Shah
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication and Center for Health Enhancement Systems Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - David H Gustafson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering and Center for Health Enhancement Systems Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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146
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Wright KB, Cai X, Fisher C, Rising CJ, Burke-Garcia A, Afanaseva D. A Content Analysis of Social Support Messages about Environmental Breast Cancer Risk within Blogs for Mothers. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 36:1796-1804. [PMID: 32744079 PMCID: PMC7855537 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1800241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bloggers can help stimulate online conversations among their readers about a variety of health topics, including breast cancer. However, in previous studies, researchers have not specifically examined supportive messages within an online blogger community that stem from an intervention where bloggers were provided with evidence-based information about breast cancer risk that they could tailor and disseminate to their readers. In the current study, we content analyzed 282 supportive messages within online conversations from participants in blogger communities over a 2-month period immediately following an intervention where the authors provided 74 bloggers who write about motherhood issues with an infographic based on evidence-based information from the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) about environmental breast cancer risk/prevention. Bloggers who shared information about their personal breast cancer risk generated a significantly higher number of blog reader comments than bloggers who did not share information about their personal breast cancer risk. Bloggers who cited breast cancer statistics in posts were more likely to draw esteem and emotional support from their readers. Bloggers' repetition of information from blog intervention messages was more likely to elicit esteem, informational, and emotional support from readers. Disclosure of a personal breast cancer diagnosis was associated with mixed types of social support messages. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed along with key limitations of the study and future directions for research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Wright
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Xiaomei Cai
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Carla Fisher
- UF Health Cancer Center, College of Journalism and Communications, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Camella J Rising
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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147
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Guo JW, Reblin M, Tay D, Ellington L, Beck AC, Cloyes KG. Patterns of stress and support in social support networks of in-home hospice cancer family caregivers. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2021; 38:3121-3141. [PMID: 34898795 PMCID: PMC8664070 DOI: 10.1177/02654075211024743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Family caregivers of home hospice cancer patients often experience burden and distress, which can be mitigated by perceived social support. However, less attention has been paid to the non-family sources of support within social networks, or to how sources of support may also be sources of stress. We describe support and stress in social networks of hospice family caregivers and identify caregiving characteristics associated with classes identified in our data. We collected demographic and psychosocial self-report data from family caregivers providing in-home hospice care for advanced cancer patients (N = 90). Caregivers also reported perceived support and stress from specific family and non-family relationships. We identified three classes with unique patterns of stress and support within caregivers' support networks using a latent class analysis. Classes include: 1) high support, low stress across family and non-family network members ("supportive"; 53% of caregivers); 2) high support, high stress across family and non-family network ("ambivalent maximizers"; 26%); and 3) high support, high stress across family network only ("family-focused ambivalent"; 21%). Caregivers in the ambivalent maximizer class reported more burden than caregivers in the supportive class (p = .024). This is one of the first studies to systematically explore the role of non-family support, as well as how stress and support co-occur within relationships and across networks. As informal support networks of hospice family caregivers are complex and multifaceted, understanding the patterns of support and stress across various network members is essential to offer services to more effectively manage caregiver burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Guo
- University of Utah, College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84112
| | - Maija Reblin
- Moffitt Cancer Centre, Health Outcomes and Behavior, 12902 Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL, USA 33612
| | - Djin Tay
- University of Utah, College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84112
| | - Lee Ellington
- University of Utah, College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84112
| | - Anna C. Beck
- 1. University of Utah School of Medicine, Medical Oncology, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84132; 2. University of Utah Health Huntsman Cancer Institute, Supportive Oncology and Survivorship, 1950 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84112
| | - Kristin G Cloyes
- University of Utah, College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84112
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148
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Wang H, Kim K, Burr JA, Birditt KS, Fingerman KL. Adult Children's Daily Experiences With Parental Advice: The Importance of Life Problems and Relationship Quality. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:1745-1755. [PMID: 33001209 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parents often provide advice to their adult children during their everyday interactions. This study investigated young adult children's daily experiences with parental advice in U.S. families. Specifically, the study examined how receiving advice and evaluations of parental advice were associated with children's life problems, parent-child relationship quality, and daily mood. METHODS Young adult children (aged 18-30 years; participant N = 152) reported whether they received any advice and perceived any unwanted advice from each parent (parent N = 235) for 7 days using a daily diary design (participant-day N = 948). Adult children also reported their positive and negative mood on each interview day. RESULTS Results from multilevel models revealed that adult children who reported a more positive relationship with their parents were more likely to receive advice from the parent, whereas adult children who had a more strained relationship with their parents were more likely to perceive advice from the parent as unwanted. Receiving advice from the mother was associated with increased positive mood, whereas unwanted advice from any parent was associated with increased negative mood. Furthermore, the link between unwanted advice and negative mood varied by children's life problems and parent-child relationship quality. DISCUSSION Indeed, parental advice is not "the more the better," especially when the advice is unsolicited. This study highlights the importance of perceptions of family support for emerging adults' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Wang
- Population Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- Department of Gerontology, John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts Boston
| | - Jeffrey A Burr
- Department of Gerontology, John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts Boston
| | - Kira S Birditt
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Karen L Fingerman
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin
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149
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Social Network Correlates of Mental Health among Rural-to-Urban Migrants in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010902. [PMID: 34682665 PMCID: PMC8535324 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Internal rural-to-urban migrants in China are facing a high risk of mental disorders. Previous research on mental health correlates and predictors among this population focused on individual-level characteristics, neglecting network-level indicators, and migrant–urbanite intergroup relationship. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing, China from December 2018 to January 2019. A convenience sample of 420 rural-to-urban migrants completed the Chinese 12-item General Health Questionnaire and reported their relationship with urbanites in the past six months. Multivariate linear regression models were used to test the association of the inter-hukou network with migrant mental health. Two indicators of the inter-hukou network were significantly associated with migrant mental health. Migrants were more mentally healthy if their proportion of weak ties in the inter-hukou network was no less than 50%. The more social support migrants received from the inter-hukou network, the better their mental health was. Meanwhile, there was a significant interaction effect between social support and sex, indicating that the same level of social support better protected the mental health of female migrants. Results suggest the importance of social network factors and migrant–urbanite ties for migrant mental health. Future efforts may need to mobilize and facilitate the inter-hukou network to improve migrant mental health.
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150
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Duroux M, Stuijfzand S, Sandoz V, Horsch A. Investigating prenatal perceived support as protective factor against adverse birth outcomes: a community cohort study. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34644205 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.1991565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies show that prenatal maternal anxiety may act as a risk factor for adverse birth outcomes, whilst prenatal social support may rather act as a protective factor. However, studies examining prenatal anxiety symptoms, prenatal perceived support, and neonatal and/or obstetric outcomes are lacking. OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether, in a community sample, prenatal perceived support: (1) had a protective influence on birth outcomes (gestational age (GA), birthweight (BW), 5-minute Apgar score, and mode of delivery); (2) acted as a protective factor, moderating the relationship between anxiety symptoms and the aforementioned birth outcomes. METHOD During their third trimester of pregnancy, 182 nulliparous child-bearers completed standardized questionnaires of anxiety (HADS-A) and perceived support (MOS-SSS). Birth outcomes data was extracted from medical records. RESULTS (1) Perceived support did not significantly predict any birth outcomes. However, perceived tangible support - MOS-SSS subscale assessing perceived material/financial aid - significantly positively predicted the 5-minute Apgar score. (2) Perceived support did not significantly moderate the relationship between anxiety symptoms and birth outcomes. However, perceived tangible support significantly moderated the relationship between anxiety symptoms and the 5-minute Apgar score. CONCLUSION When experienced within non-clinical thresholds, prenatal anxiety symptoms do not increase the risk of adverse neonatal and obstetric outcomes when perceived support is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Duroux
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Suzannah Stuijfzand
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (LUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vania Sandoz
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (LUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antje Horsch
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (LUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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