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Feng J, Lau PWC, Shi L, Huang WY. Longitudinal Shifts in Movement Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Relations to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13449. [PMID: 36294027 PMCID: PMC9603431 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the longitudinal changes of movement behaviors and their relationships with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among university students during the coronavirus disease 2019 in China. A total of 569 university students completed online surveys twice (Time 1: between December 2020 and January 2021; Time 2: between November and December 2021). Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration and quality, as well as PTSD were self-reported. According to Canadian 24-h movement guidelines, the longitudinal shifts in each movement behavior from Time 1 to Time 2 were divided into four categories (consistently meeting the guidelines, from meeting to not meeting the guidelines, from not meeting to meeting the guidelines, and consistently not meeting the guidelines). Generalized linear mixed models were conducted using 410 valid responses (20.2 ± 1.0 years old at Time 2, 41.2% males). From Time 1 to Time 2, 22.2%, 2.0%, and 45.6% of the students consistently met the physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep guidelines, respectively. Compared to those who consistently met the sedentary behavior guideline, students who consistently failed to meet or changed from meeting to not meeting the guidelines had higher levels of PTSD. Students who had poor sleep quality at both time points or changed from good to bad sleep quality had higher levels of PTSD than those who maintained good sleep quality over time. Compared to those who consistently failed to meet the guideline, students who consistently met the PA guideline had higher levels of PTSD. These findings highlight the needs to improve and maintain healthy behaviors for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick Wing Chung Lau
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Laboratory of Exercise Science and Health, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519088, China
| | - Wendy Yajun Huang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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Ringin E, Meyer D, Neill E, Phillipou A, Tan EJ, Toh WL, Sumner PJ, Owen N, Hallgren M, Dunstan DW, Rossell SL, Van Rheenen TE. Psychological-health correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour during the COVID pandemic. Ment Health Phys Act 2022; 23:100481. [PMID: 36406837 PMCID: PMC9664206 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While physical inactivity is associated with adverse psychological outcomes, less is known about the psychological outcomes associated with sedentary behaviour, and specifically, its mentally active and passive forms. The COVID-19 pandemic represents a unique opportunity to study associations between these variables in light of widespread stay-at-home mandates and restrictions on outdoor exercise/social activities. Using a cross-sectional dataset acquired during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, we examined whether physical activity and sedentary behaviour were associated with subjective quality of life (sQoL) and subjective cognitive dysfunction, and whether these associations were mediated by depressive symptoms. METHODS 658 participants (males = 169, females = 489) self-reported data on physical activity and sedentary behaviour in an online survey during May 2020-May 2021. Data on physical activity and sedentary behaviour (both mentally active and passive types) was compared according to whether it was collected during or out of a lockdown period. Regression models were used to test associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with sQoL and subjective cognitive dysfunction, and whether these associations were mediated by depression severity. RESULTS Physical activity was beneficially associated with sQoL, whereas sedentary behaviour (both total hours and the reduction of mentally active/increase in mentally passive behaviour) was detrimentally associated with sQoL. These associations were mediated by depression severity. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were also indirectly associated with subjective cognitive dysfunction by virtue of their associations with depression severity. CONCLUSIONS There are important differences in the psychological correlates of mentally passive and active sedentary behaviours. Our findings suggest that health promotion strategies should focus on not only increasing physical activity but also reducing passive sedentary behaviours as a means of maintaining good psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysha Ringin
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Denny Meyer
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erica Neill
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Phillipou
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Mental Health, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric J Tan
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei Lin Toh
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip J Sumner
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
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103
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Porter KJ, You W, Estabrooks PA, Zoellner JM. Relationships among changes in physical activity, quality of life, and obesity-Status following a behavioral intervention for rural Appalachian adults. Prev Med Rep 2022; 29:101949. [PMID: 36161126 PMCID: PMC9502328 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing weekly strength training was associated with reduced unhealthy days. No other physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) changes were linked. Baseline obesity did not moderate physical activity and HRQoL change relationships.
Improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is one benefit of physical activity. Yet, there is limited intervention research exploring (1) whether changes in physical activity influence changes in HRQoL among community-based populations and (2) if baseline obesity status influences the relationships. This exploratory analysis used secondary data from rural Appalachian adults who completed the MoveMore arm of a larger randomized control trial (n = 105, Mage = 41.8, 82 % female, 96 % White, Mincome= $25,911). Specifically, this study examined associations among changes in physical activity and HRQOL and whether baseline obesity status moderated changes. Three HRQoL variables (self-rated health status, total unhealthy days, days poor health impacted activities) and two physical activity variables [weekly moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) minutes, weekly strength training minutes] were collected at baseline and 6-months. Regression models, adjusted for age, gender, race, income, education, assessed associations between physical activity and HRQoL change variables. Moderation analyses explored the influence of baseline obesity status on these relationships. Participants reported significant improvements in self-rated health status (P = 0.001), weekly MVPA minutes (P = 0.008), and weekly strength training minutes (P < 0.001). Increasing weekly strength training minutes was associated with fewer days poor health impacted activities (B = -0.040, P = 0.013). Weekly minutes of MVPA was not associated with HRQoL variables. Baseline obesity status did not moderate relationships. Findings suggest increasing weekly strength training may reduce days poor health impacted activities and that relationships among changes in physical activity and HRQoL were not impacted by baseline obesity. Findings have implications for promoting strength activities in community-based physical activity interventions for rural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J. Porter
- University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, 16 East Main Street Suite 101 Christiansburg, VA 24073, United States
- Corresponding author.
| | - Wen You
- University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States
| | - Paul A. Estabrooks
- University of Utah, College of Health, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Jamie M. Zoellner
- University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, 16 East Main Street Suite 101 Christiansburg, VA 24073, United States
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Badr HE, Saunders T, Carter A, Reyes Castillo L, Bayoumy O, Barrett M. Impact of Lifestyle Modification on Quality of Life in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: Findings from the CHANGE Program Intervention Study in Prince Edward Island, Canada. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2022; 20:532-542. [PMID: 36037016 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the modification in quality of life (QoL) of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) after participating in Canadian Health Advanced by Nutrition and Graded Exercise (CHANGE) program and identify predictors of this modification in QoL among participants. Methods: A convenience sample of 100 patients with MetS completed the 12-month CHANGE program (diet and exercise regular counseling). 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAC), Physician Assessment and Clinical Education (PACE), and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) questionnaires were employed to assess participants' QoL, physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors, and quality of diet, respectively. In addition, physical fitness tests (6-Minute Walk Test, One-Leg Stance Test, and Grip Strength Test) were used. Medical history, blood tests, and anthropometric [height, weight, and waist circumference (WC)] and blood pressure measurements were performed by a nurse. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of QoL. Results: Participants' mean age was 58.3 ± 11.0, and 75.4% were females. After the CHANGE program, participants demonstrated significant reduction in the number of MetS criteria and significant improvement of physical and mental components of QoL. Moreover, there was significant increase in participants' PA, MDS, and physical fitness mean scores with corresponding significant reduction in sedentary behavior time, blood pressure, and WC measures. Linear regression analysis revealed that age, WC, screen time, PA, and physical fitness were significant predictors of QoL. Conclusion: The 12-month group-based diet and exercise counseling led to clinically significant improvement in MetS criteria and in important measures of health and fitness among participants, which improved their QoL. Age, fitness measures, and daily screen time were associated with QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan E Badr
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Travis Saunders
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Angelie Carter
- Health and Wellness Centre, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Laura Reyes Castillo
- Health and Wellness Centre, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Omar Bayoumy
- Health and Wellness Centre, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Marilyn Barrett
- Health and Wellness Centre, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
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105
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Edwardson CL, Biddle SJH, Clemes SA, Davies MJ, Dunstan DW, Eborall H, Granat MH, Gray LJ, Healy GN, Jaicim NB, Lawton S, Maylor BD, Munir F, Richardson G, Yates T, Clarke-Cornwell AM. Effectiveness of an intervention for reducing sitting time and improving health in office workers: three arm cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2022; 378:e069288. [PMID: 35977732 PMCID: PMC9382450 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-069288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention, with and without a height adjustable desk, on daily sitting time, and to investigate the relative effectiveness of the two interventions, and the effectiveness of both interventions on physical behaviours and physical, biochemical, psychological, and work related health and performance outcomes. DESIGN Cluster three arm randomised controlled trial with follow-up at three and 12 months. SETTING Local government councils in Leicester, Liverpool, and Greater Manchester, UK. PARTICIPANTS 78 clusters including 756 desk based employees in defined offices, departments, or teams from two councils in Leicester, three in Greater Manchester, and one in Liverpool. INTERVENTIONS Clusters were randomised to one of three conditions: the SMART Work and Life (SWAL) intervention, the SWAL intervention with a height adjustable desk (SWAL plus desk), or control (usual practice). MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES The primary outcome measure was daily sitting time, assessed by accelerometry, at 12 month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were accelerometer assessed sitting, prolonged sitting, standing and stepping time, and physical activity calculated over any valid day, work hours, workdays, and non-workdays, self-reported lifestyle behaviours, musculoskeletal problems, cardiometabolic health markers, work related health and performance, fatigue, and psychological measures. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 44.7 years, 72.4% (n=547) were women, and 74.9% (n=566) were white. Daily sitting time at 12 months was significantly lower in the intervention groups (SWAL -22.2 min/day, 95% confidence interval -38.8 to -5.7 min/day, P=0.003; SWAL plus desk -63.7 min/day, -80.1 to -47.4 min/day, P<0.001) compared with the control group. The SWAL plus desk intervention was found to be more effective than SWAL at changing sitting time (-41.7 min/day, -56.3 to -27.0 min/day, P<0.001). Favourable differences in sitting and prolonged sitting time at three and 12 month follow-ups for both intervention groups and for standing time for the SWAL plus desk group were observed during work hours and on workdays. Both intervention groups were associated with small improvements in stress, wellbeing, and vigour, and the SWAL plus desk group was associated with improvements in pain in the lower extremity, social norms for sitting and standing at work, and support. CONCLUSIONS Both SWAL and SWAL plus desk were associated with a reduction in sitting time, although the addition of a height adjustable desk was found to be threefold more effective. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN11618007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD, Australia
| | - Stacy A Clemes
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicester, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, The Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Eborall
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Deanery of Molecular, Genetic and Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Malcolm H Granat
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Laura J Gray
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Sarah Lawton
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Benjamin D Maylor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
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106
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Dooley EE, Pompeii LA, Palta P, Martinez-Amezcua P, Hornikel B, Evenson KR, Schrack JA, Pettee Gabriel K. Daily and hourly patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior of older adults: Atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Prev Med Rep 2022; 28:101859. [PMID: 35711287 PMCID: PMC9194653 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study of older adults ≥ 65 years describes daily and hourly patterns of accelerometer-derived steps, sedentary, and physical activity behaviors and examines differences by day of the week and sociodemographic and health-related factors to identify time-use patterns. Data were from 459 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants (60% female; mean ± SD age = 78.3 ± 4.6 years; 20% Black) who wore a hip accelerometer ≥ 4 of 7 days, for ≥ 10 h/day in 2016. We used linear mixed models to examine daily patterns of steps, sedentary, low light, high light, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA). Differences by sex, median age (≥ 78 years), body mass index, self-rated health, depressive symptoms, and performance in a two-minute walk test were explored. Men (vs women), and those with overweight and obesity (vs normal weight), had significantly higher sedentary minutes and lower minutes of low light per day. For each additional meter walked during the two-minute walk test, sedentary behavior was lower while high light, MVPA, and daily steps were higher. No significant differences in time-use behaviors were found by self-reported race, age, education, self-rated health, or depressive symptoms. Participants were least active (22.5 min MVPA, 95% CI: 11.5, 33.5) and most sedentary (453.9 min, 95% CI: 417.7, 490.2) on Sunday. Most activity was accrued in the morning (before 12 PM) while the evening hours (3-11 PM) were spent ≥ 50% sedentary. Movement patterns suggest opportunities for promotion of activity and reduction in sedentary time on Sundays, in the evening hours, and for those with overweight or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Dooley
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Priya Palta
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Bjoern Hornikel
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kelly R. Evenson
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Herold F, Theobald P, Gronwald T, Rapp MA, Müller NG. Going digital - a commentary on the terminology used at the intersection of physical activity and digital health. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:17. [PMID: 35840899 PMCID: PMC9287128 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years digital technologies have become a major means for providing health-related services and this trend was strongly reinforced by the current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As it is well-known that regular physical activity has positive effects on individual physical and mental health and thus is an important prerequisite for healthy aging, digital technologies are also increasingly used to promote unstructured and structured forms of physical activity. However, in the course of this development, several terms (e.g., Digital Health, Electronic Health, Mobile Health, Telehealth, Telemedicine, and Telerehabilitation) have been introduced to refer to the application of digital technologies to provide health-related services such as physical interventions. Unfortunately, the above-mentioned terms are often used in several different ways, but also relatively interchangeably. Given that ambiguous terminology is a major source of difficulty in scientific communication which can impede the progress of theoretical and empirical research, this article aims to make the reader aware of the subtle differences between the relevant terms which are applied at the intersection of physical activity and Digital Health and to provide state-of-art definitions for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Paula Theobald
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas Gronwald
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael A Rapp
- Research Focus Cognitive Sciences, Division of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Notger G Müller
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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108
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Francisco R, Nunes CL, Breda J, Jesus F, Lukaski H, Sardinha LB, Silva AM. Breaking of Sitting Time Prevents Lower Leg Swelling-Comparison among Sit, Stand and Intermittent (Sit-to-Stand Transitions) Conditions. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:899. [PMID: 35741420 PMCID: PMC9219739 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sitting or standing during prolonged periods is related to leg swelling. It is unknown if interrupting sedentary behavior can attenuate lower leg swelling. We aimed to examine if adding sit-to-stand transitions prevents lower leg swelling as compared with uninterrupted motionless standing and sitting, using localized bioelectrical impedance raw parameters. METHODS Twenty adults participated in this crossover randomized controlled trial and acted out three conditions: (1) uninterrupted, motionless standing; (2) uninterrupted motionless sitting; (3) sit-to-stand transitions (1 min sitting followed by 1 min standing). Localized resistance (R), reactance (Xc), impedance (Z) and phase angle (PhA) were assessed at baseline, at 10 min and at 20 min for each condition. RESULTS For sitting and standing conditions, R and Xc values decreased after 10 and 20 min. Uninterrupted sitting resulted in the highest decrease in R (ΔSit - ΔStand = -9.5 Ω (4.0), p = 0.019; ΔSit - ΔInt = -11.6 Ω (4.0), p = 0.005). For standardized R (R/knee height), sitting was the condition with a greater decrease (ΔSit - ΔStand = -30.5 Ω/m (13.4), p = 0.025; ΔSit - ΔInt = -35.0 Ω/m (13.5), p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Interrupting sedentary behavior by changing from sit to stand position during short periods may be effective at preventing leg swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúben Francisco
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (C.L.N.); (J.B.); (F.J.); (L.B.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Catarina L. Nunes
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (C.L.N.); (J.B.); (F.J.); (L.B.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - João Breda
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (C.L.N.); (J.B.); (F.J.); (L.B.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Filipe Jesus
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (C.L.N.); (J.B.); (F.J.); (L.B.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Henry Lukaski
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health Education, Hyslop Sports Center, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA;
| | - Luís B. Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (C.L.N.); (J.B.); (F.J.); (L.B.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Analiza M. Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (C.L.N.); (J.B.); (F.J.); (L.B.S.); (A.M.S.)
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109
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Cao Z, Xu C, Zhang P, Wang Y. Associations of sedentary time and physical activity with adverse health conditions: Outcome-wide analyses using isotemporal substitution model. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 48:101424. [PMID: 35516443 PMCID: PMC9065298 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the most common lifestyles today, sedentary behaviour is a risk factor for many health conditions. To inform potential behavioural guideline development, we aimed to estimate the theoretical effects of replacing sedentary behaviour with different intensity of physical activity on risks of 45 common non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Methods A total of 360,047 participants (aged 37-73 years) in the UK Biobank free of the 45 common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were included. Information on sedentary time (sum of television watching, computer using and driving behaviour) and physical activity (measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire questionnaire) were collected by self-reported at baseline. Participants were followed up for 45 NCDs diagnosis according to the ICD-10 code using linkage to national health records until 2020. Isotemporal substitution models were used to investigate substituting sedentary time with light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity (MPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) after adjusting for potential confounders. Finding Participants who reported > 6 h/day compared with ≤ 2 h/day sedentary time had higher risks of 12 (26.7%) of 45 NCDs, including ischemic heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, thyroid disorder, depression, migraine, gout, rheumatoid arthritis and diverticular disease. Theoretically, replacing sedentary time with equivalent LPA, MPA and VPA was associated with risk reductions in 4, 6 and 10 types of NCDs, respectively. Among long sedentary time (> 6 h/day), replacing 1 h/day sedentary time with equivalent VPA showed stronger associations with 5 NCDs (diabetes, depression, chronic liver disease, diverticular disease and sleep disorder), with a larger risk reduction of 11%-31%. Interpretation Sedentary time is associated with multiple adverse health conditions, replacing sedentary time with any equivalent amounts of VPA than LPA and MPA could be associated with risk reductions of more types of NCDs. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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110
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Lee H, Lee M. Correlates of Objectively Measured Sitting Time in South Korean Adults: 2014-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:846542. [PMID: 35619800 PMCID: PMC9127751 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.846542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate daily amounts of time spent sitting and frequency of breaks from sitting and to identify their sociodemographic, environmental, and health behavioral correlates for Korean adults (age = 19–65). This study analyzed accelerometer subdata from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 1,768). Ordinary least squares regression models stratified by weekday and weekend were tested to identify correlates of time spent sitting and number of sitting breaks. The average daily amounts of sitting time during weekdays and weekends were 500.63 min (95% confidence interval [CI] = 495.20–506.06) and 488.10 min (95% CI = 481.72–494.49), respectively. On weekdays and weekends, the average numbers of breaks from sitting per hour were 6.62 (95% CI = 6.57–6.68) and 6.60 (95% CI = 6.54–6.66), respectively. The participants with the greatest daily sitting time tended to be male, middle-aged, never married, office workers, and residents of a metropolis; tended to have a high school educational level or higher; and had never smoked, were underweight, were physically inactive, and slept <6 h a day. Fewer breaks from sitting was associated with being male, never married, middle-aged, an office worker, an apartment resident, never having smoked, and underweight. Higher education level and physical inactivity were associated with more frequent breaks from sitting. To reduce sedentary behavior, this study helps identify at-risk populations and their characteristics. Future studies should incorporate longitudinal data and measure domain-specific sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Lee
- Department of Sport and Health Promotion, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Miyoung Lee
- Department of Sport, Health, and Rehabilitation, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
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Brakenridge CJ, Gardiner PA, Grigg RV, Winkler EAH, Fjeldsoe BS, Schaumberg MA, Owen N, Eakin EG, Biddle SJH, Moodie M, Daly RM, Green DJ, Cohen N, Gray L, Comans T, Buman MP, Goode AD, Nguyen P, Gao L, Healy GN, Dunstan DW. Sitting less and moving more for improved metabolic and brain health in type 2 diabetes: 'OPTIMISE your health' trial protocol. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:929. [PMID: 35538430 PMCID: PMC9086419 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical practice guidelines recommend that adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) sit less and move more throughout the day. The 18-month OPTIMISE Your Health Clinical Trial was developed to support desk-based workers with T2D achieve these recommendations. The two-arm protocol consists of an intervention and control arms. The intervention arm receives 6 months health coaching, a sit-stand desktop workstation and an activity tracker, followed by 6 months of text message support, then 6 months maintenance. The control arm receives a delayed modified intervention after 12 months of usual care. This paper describes the methods of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the intervention, compared to a delayed intervention control. METHODS This is a two-arm RCT being conducted in Melbourne, Australia. Desk-based workers (≥0.8 full-time equivalent) aged 35-65 years, ambulatory, and with T2D and managed glycaemic control (6.5-10.0% HbA1c), are randomised to the multicomponent intervention (target n = 125) or delayed-intervention control (target n = 125) conditions. All intervention participants receive 6 months of tailored health coaching assisting them to "sit less" and "move more" at work and throughout the day, supported by a sit-stand desktop workstation and an activity tracker (Fitbit). Participants receive text message-based extended care for a further 6-months (6-12 months) followed by 6-months of non-contact (12-18 months: maintenance). Delayed intervention occurs at 12-18 months for the control arm. Assessments are undertaken at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 15 and 18-months. Primary outcomes are activPAL-measured sitting time (h/16 h day), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c; %, mmol/mol) and, cognitive function measures (visual learning and new memory; Paired Associates Learning Total Errors [adjusted]). Secondary, exploratory, and process outcomes will also be collected throughout the trial. DISCUSSION The OPTIMISE Your Health trial will provide unique insights into the benefits of an intervention aimed at sitting less and moving more in desk-bound office workers with T2D, with outcomes relevant to glycaemic control, and to cardiometabolic and brain health. Findings will contribute new insights to add to the evidence base on initiating and maintaining behaviour change with clinical populations and inform practice in diabetes management. TRIAL REGISTRATION ANZCTRN12618001159246 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Brakenridge
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Australian Catholic University, Mary Mackillop Institute of Health Research, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- University of Southern Queensland, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Ipswich, Australia
- University of Southern Queensland, Centre for Health Research, Springfield, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Health Services Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ruth V Grigg
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Elisabeth A H Winkler
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brianna S Fjeldsoe
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mia A Schaumberg
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Sunshine Coast, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Sunshine Coast, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Birtinya, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Swinburne University, School of Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Eakin
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- University of Southern Queensland, Centre for Health Research, Springfield, Australia
| | - Marjory Moodie
- Deakin University, School of Health and Social Development, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel J Green
- University of Western Australia, School of Sport Science, Exercise & Health, Perth, Australia
| | - Neale Cohen
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Len Gray
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Health Services Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tracy Comans
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Health Services Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew P Buman
- Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, Tempe, USA
| | - Ana D Goode
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- Deakin University, School of Health and Social Development, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lan Gao
- Deakin University, School of Health and Social Development, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Du Y, Xu T, Yin Z, Espinoza S, Xie Y, Gentry C, Tian Q, Zhao LJ, Shen H, Luo Z, Deng HW. Associations of physical activity with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in middle-aged and older adults: the Louisiana osteoporosis study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:896. [PMID: 35513868 PMCID: PMC9074188 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the associations between physical activity, obesity, and sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS We analyzed the data of 8, 919 study participants aged between 45 to 97 (mean age = 57.2 ± 8.8) from a Southern state in the United States. Self-reported physical activity was classified to regular exercise ≥ 3 times/week, < 3 times/week, and no regular exercise. Associations between physical activity, obesity and sarcopenia were explored with generalized linear models and ordinal logistic regressions stratified by age (middle-aged and older adults) and gender adjusting for covariates. RESULTS In middle-aged and older adults, all examined obesity related traits (e.g., body mass index, waist circumference) were inversely associated with physical activity levels (p < 0.01) in both genders. Exercising ≥ 3 times/week was negatively associated with lean mass indicators (e.g., appendicular lean mass) in middle-aged and older females (p < 0.01), while the negative associations become positive after adjusting for weight. Positive associations between physical activity and grip strength were only found in middle-aged males (p < 0.05). Ordinal logistic regression revealed that those exercising ≥ 3 times/week were less likely to have obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenia obesity in all groups (p < 0.01), except for sarcopenia in older males and females (p > 0.05). Positive associations of exercising < 3 times/week with sarcopenia and sarcopenia obesity were only found in middled adults. CONCLUSION The associations of exercise frequency with obesity and sarcopenia vary considerably across gender and age groups. Exercise programs need to be individualized to optimize health benefits. Future research exploring physical activity strategies to balance weight reduction and lean mass maintaining is warranted in middle-aged and especially older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Zenong Yin
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Sara Espinoza
- San Antonio Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yiqiong Xie
- Real World Research, Ontada, The Woodlands, Houston, USA
| | - Caleb Gentry
- Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Qing Tian
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Lan-Juan Zhao
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Hui Shen
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Zhe Luo
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, New Orleans, United States of America.
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Park S, Lee JH. Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with self-rated health in Korea. Prev Med 2022; 158:107022. [PMID: 35307369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings have suggested that not all physical activity (PA) types improve health and that the health effects of occupational PA (OPA) and leisure-time PA (LTPA) can be different. However, few studies have been reported the association of OPA and LTPA with self-rated health (SRH). Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between different PA domains and general health and the impact of LTPA on the relationship between health and OPA. In total, 33440 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2019 were analyzed in September 2021. SRH was dichotomized into "poor" and "good." Sedentary behavior (SB) was evaluated by measuring the daily sitting time. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship of SRH with OPA, LTPA, and SB, stratified by LTPA to identify its impact on the relationship. In the fully adjusted model, OPA was found to increase the risk of poor SRH, while LTPA was found to lower the risk. In those who did not engage in LTPA, OPA and poor SRH were significantly associated. Poor SRH was not significantly associated with OPA in those who engaged in LTPA. SB was also associated with poor SRH, independent of LTPA. To improve health, it is important to promote LTPA and reduce OPA and SB. In particular, for workers with a higher level of OPA, additional LTPA should be introduced to prevent SRH from worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Incheon Nasaret International Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kastelic K, Šarabon N, Burnard MD, Pedišić Ž. Validity and Reliability of the Daily Activity Behaviours Questionnaire (DABQ) for Assessment of Time Spent in Sleep, Sedentary Behaviour, and Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095362. [PMID: 35564757 PMCID: PMC9100796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Sleep, sedentary behaviour (SB), and physical activity are among key behavioural determinants of health. There is a need to evaluate questionnaires that capture movement behaviours across the full 24-h day. The aim of this study was to examine the measurement properties of the Daily Activity Behaviours Questionnaire (DABQ), a novel questionnaire (with a past seven-day recall period) for estimating the time spent in sleep, SB, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among adults. A sample of 126 adults was recruited. DABQ was administered to the participants on two occasions seven days apart to examine its test-retest reliability. The convergent validity of DABQ estimates was explored against activPAL4 accelerometer/inclinometer estimates. Intraclass correlation coefficients for absolute agreement and consistency between the times spent in sleep, SB, LPA, and MVPA estimated by DABQ in the test and re-test ranged from 0.59 to 0.69. Spearman’s correlations between the times spent in sleep, SB, LPA, and MVPA estimated by DABQ and activPAL4 ranged from 0.38 to 0.66. In terms of reliability and validity, DABQ is comparable with existing questionnaires; however, it has an important advantage of enabling a comprehensive assessment of all four 24-h movement behaviours. The measurement properties of DABQ make it suitable for large-scale epidemiological studies on 24-h movement behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Kastelic
- Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.D.B.)
- InnoRenew CoE, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- InnoRenew CoE, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
| | - Michael D. Burnard
- Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.D.B.)
- InnoRenew CoE, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
| | - Željko Pedišić
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Kim J, Yang PS, Park BE, Kang TS, Lim SH, Cho S, Lee SY, Chung YH, Lee MY, Kim D, Joung B. Association of Light-Intensity Physical Activity With Mortality in the Older Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:859277. [PMID: 35528831 PMCID: PMC9072650 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.859277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThere is a paucity of information about mortality related to light-intensity physical activity (LPA) in the older population. We examine the associations between physical activity and mortality, focusing on the effect of light-intensity physical activity and the dose-response relationship between physical activity and mortality.MethodsWe analyzed a total of 58,537 participants aged ≥ 65 years (mean age, 73.9 ± 5.8 years; male, 36.0%) in the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2009 and 2012. The Date of the end of follow-up was December 31, 2013. Individuals were divided into four categories according to physical activity intensity: totally sedentary (43.3%), LPA only (35.8%), LPA and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) (16.3%), MVPA only (4.5%). Physical activity was quantified using standardized self-reported questionnaires which composed of the duration and frequency of physical activity.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 39.6 ± 14.0 months, 5,651 (9.7%) deaths occurred. Compared with totally sedentary individuals, those in the LPA only, LPA and MVPA, and MVPA only groups showed 26% [hazard ratio (HR) 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–0.82], 27% (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63–0.84), and 34% (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.54–0.79) lower all-cause mortality risk, showing an inverse relationship between physical activity intensity and mortality risk. In contrast, the LPA only, LPA and MVPA, and MVPA only groups represented a stronger inverse association with CV mortality (LPA: HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.62–0.92; LPA with MVPA: HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55–0.999; MVPA, HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37–0.87). Among participants performing LPA alone, participants performing less than the recommended dose of physical activity had lower all-cause mortality than those with sedentary activity (1–249 MET-min/week: HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.67–0.82, 250–499 MET-min/week: HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.59–0.72).ConclusionPhysical activity, even low doses of LPA, was associated with reduced mortality risk in the elderly population. This study may motivate sedentary individuals to engage in any physical activity for mortality benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntae Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Pil-Sung Yang
- Department of Cardiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Eun Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Tae Soo Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Lim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Sungsoo Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Young Hak Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Myung-Yong Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Dongmin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Boyoung Joung,
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Kuzik N, da Costa BGG, Hwang Y, Verswijveren SJJM, Rollo S, Tremblay MS, Bélanger S, Carson V, Davis M, Hornby S, Huang WY, Law B, Salmon J, Tomasone JR, Wachira LJ, Wijndaele K, Saunders TJ. School-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being among children and youth: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:40. [PMID: 35382825 PMCID: PMC8979786 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in children and youth (~ 5-18 years) attending school. METHODS This review was conducted to inform the development of School-Related Sedentary Behaviour Recommendations. Peer-reviewed, published, or in-press articles in English were included. Reviews, meta-analyses, and case studies were excluded; all other study designs were eligible. Further, articles had to meet the a priori study criteria for population, intervention, comparator (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021227600). Embase, MEDLINE® ALL, and PsycINFO were searched. Risk of bias was assessed for individual experimental studies using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and in observational studies based on the GRADE framework and in line with previous systematic reviews examining sedentary behaviours in children. Overall quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework for each outcome category and study design. Results were synthesized narratively, grouped by study design and outcome category. Further, several high-level summaries were conducted to help interpret results. RESULTS Evidence was synthesized from 116 reports, including 1,385,038 participants and 1173 extracted associations. More school-related sedentary behaviour was favourably associated with nearly one-third of extracted associations for cognitive (33%) and social-emotional (32%) indicators (e.g., less anxiety), but unfavourably associated with other movement behaviours (e.g., less physical activity) (35%). Active lessons were favourable (72%), compared to more school-related sedentary behaviours, when examining associations for all health and well-being indicators. More homework was favourable across all health and well-being indicators in 4% of extracted associations for primary school children, and 25% of extracted associations for secondary school children. However, ≥2 h/day of homework appeared to be unfavourable for health and well-being. Limitations for synthesized studies included generally low quality of evidence and a lack of studies in South American, African, or low-middle income countries. CONCLUSIONS Findings can help inform policy makers, schools, and teachers, regarding the amount of homework assigned and the introduction of active lessons into the classroom to enhance health and well-being of children. More research is needed examining school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kuzik
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Bruno G G da Costa
- School of Physical & Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, Canada
| | - Yeongho Hwang
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Scott Rollo
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Stacey Bélanger
- Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médicine, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte Justine, CIRENE (Centre Intégré du Réseau en Neurodéveloppement de L'Enfant), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Melanie Davis
- Physical and Health Education (PHE) Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Susan Hornby
- Pan-Canadian Joint Consortium for School Health (JCSH), Summerside, Canada
| | - Wendy Yajun Huang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Barbi Law
- School of Physical & Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, Canada
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Lucy-Joy Wachira
- Physical Education, Exercise and Sports Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Travis J Saunders
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
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Papp ME, Grahn-Kronhed AC, Rauch Lundin H, Salminen H. Changes in physical activity levels and relationship to balance performance, gait speed, and self-rated health in older Swedish women: a longitudinal study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:775-783. [PMID: 34784017 PMCID: PMC9076716 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-02016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim Physical activity levels in older people often decrease and may mean impaired physical functioning leading to an increased fall risk. The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported change in physical activity dose and deterioration in balance performance, gait speed, and self-rated health (SRH) in older women between two time points in a follow-up study. Methods A cohort of community-living women, aged 69–79 years (n = 351) were evaluated by questionnaire and clinical tests on balance, gait speed, and SRH at baseline. One hundred and eighty-six women were followed-up by these tests 8.5 years after inclusion. The non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney U test were used for the analysis. Results The greatest changes were seen in one-leg standing time (OLST) with eyes closed (− 60%) and eyes open (− 42%). The population was divided into high exercise (HE, n = 49) and low exercise (LE, n = 51) groups. At baseline the HE group had an OLST of 19 s with eyes open and 3 s with eyes closed. In the LE group, these values were 7.3 s and 2 s. At follow-up, differences between HE and LE concerning tandem walk forwards (steps) (HE = 8.5; LE = 2.5) and backwards (HE = 11; LE = 3.5) emerged. The HE group estimated SRH (VAS-scale) 30 mm higher at baseline and 17 mm higher at follow-up than the LE group. Conclusion Greater physical activity seems to be an important predictor for maintaining physical function and SRH in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian E Papp
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels alle 23, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Ann Charlotte Grahn-Kronhed
- Rehab Väst, Local Health Care Services in the West of Östergötland, Motala, Sweden
- Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Community Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hans Rauch Lundin
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels alle 23, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
- Academic Primary Healthcare Centre Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Salminen
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels alle 23, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
- Academic Primary Healthcare Centre Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lynch L, McCarron M, McCallion P, Burke E. Sedentary behaviour levels in adults with an intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. HRB Open Res 2022; 4:69. [PMID: 35510064 PMCID: PMC9020532 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13326.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB), which is characterised by low levels of energy expenditure, has been linked to increased cardio-metabolic risks, obesity and mortality, as well as cancer risk. No firm guidelines are established on safe levels of SB. Adults with an intellectual disability (ID) have poorer health than their counterparts in the general population with higher rates of multi-morbidity, inactivity, and obesity. The reasons for this health disparity are unclear however it is known that SB and overall inactivity contribute to poorer health. There is no clear picture of the levels of SB among individuals with ID therefore SB levels in this vulnerable population need to be examined. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalence of sedentary behaviour in adults with an ID. Methods: The PRISMA-P framework was applied to identify high quality articles. An extensive search was carried out in four databases and grey literature sources . In total, 1,972 articles were retrieved of which 48 articles went forward for full review after duplicate removal and screening by title and abstract. The National Institute of Health’s quality assessment tools were used to assess article quality. Two reviewers independently assessed each article. An excel spreadsheet was created to guide the data extraction process. The final review included 25 articles. A meta-analysis was completed using REVMAN. Results: Different SB assessment types were identified in studies. These included steps, time, questionnaires, and screen time. Studies were heterogeneous. Observed daily steps per individual ranged from 44 to above 30,000, with an average of approximately 6,500 steps. Mean daily time spent in SBs was more than 60% of available time, with observed screen time of more than 3 hours. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of SB in adults with an intellectual disability. [Registration no: Index CRD42020177225].
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Lynch
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary McCarron
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip McCallion
- School of Social work, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eilish Burke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Huber D, Mayr M, Hartl A, Sittenthaler S, Traut-Mattausch E, Weisböck-Erdheim R, Freidl J. Sustainability of Hiking in Combination with Coaching in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Quality of Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073848. [PMID: 35409532 PMCID: PMC8997695 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although strong evidence shows that physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with many negative health outcomes, inactive lifestyles are still increasing. Consequently, new approaches must be developed to increase adherence to an active lifestyle and hence a longer life. Green exercise and health coaching could be effective ways to induce long-lasting lifestyle changes geared towards more physical activity. In this randomized controlled trial, we investigated the effects of mountain hiking and psychological coaching on adults with a sedentary lifestyle. The coaching group (n = 26) participated in a 7-day guided hiking program with three personal coaching sessions, whereas the hiking group (n = 32) received no coaching. The effects on aerobic capacity, spirometry and quality of life were assessed at baseline (day 0), after the intervention week (day 7) and after 80 days. Fully nonparametric statistical analysis revealed a gender-based effect for aerobic capacity—the female participants of the coaching group showed a greater improvement (p = 0.03) than the hiking group. No significant effects were found for spirometry. Quality of life parameters improved in both groups. In conclusion, both green exercise and health coaching are capable of inducing improvements in health-related quality of life and cardiorespiratory fitness. No superior effects of health coaching were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Huber
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.H.); (M.M.); (R.W.-E.); (J.F.)
| | - Michaela Mayr
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.H.); (M.M.); (R.W.-E.); (J.F.)
| | - Arnulf Hartl
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.H.); (M.M.); (R.W.-E.); (J.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-662-2420-80530
| | | | | | - Renate Weisböck-Erdheim
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.H.); (M.M.); (R.W.-E.); (J.F.)
| | - Johanna Freidl
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.H.); (M.M.); (R.W.-E.); (J.F.)
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Swelam BA, Verswijveren SJJM, Salmon J, Arundell L, Ridgers ND. Exploring activity compensation amongst youth and adults: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:25. [PMID: 35279187 PMCID: PMC8917655 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, significant efforts have focused on increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviour in youth and adults across a range of settings (e.g., schools, workplaces, community, and home). Despite this, interventions have had varied efficacy and typically have failed to sustain changes in behaviours over time. One explanation that has been put forth to explain the mixed success of interventions is activity compensation. However, little is known about activity compensation, including whether compensation occurs, and perceptions and potential mechanisms of activity compensation. Understanding activity compensation would assist in tailoring and targeting of potential intervention strategies. The primary aim of this review was to synthesise research that has investigated activity compensation in youth and adults. The secondary aim was to identify potential reasons for and/or awareness of compensatory changes that may have occurred. METHODS An electronic search of the EBSCOhost (via Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Complete, Education Source, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, PsycINFO, SPORTdiscus with Full Text), MEDLINE Complete, Global Health, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science databases up to May 2021 was conducted. Quality assessment of included quantitative studies used a modified compensation-specific McMaster Quality Assessment Tool. RESULTS A total of 44 studies met the inclusion criteria (22 = adult populations; 22 = youth populations) and were classified as (1) quantitative (n = 31); (2) combination of quantitative and behavioural (n = 11); (3) behavioural only (n = 1); and (4) qualitative (n = 1). Of the 42 studies that included a quantitative component, 11 (26%) reported compensation occurred. Within the 13 studies examining specific behaviours, 35 behaviours were assessed, and evidence of compensation was inconsistent. Compensation mechanisms included fatigue, time constraints, lack of motivation, drive to be inactive, fear of overexertion, and autonomous motivation. CONCLUSION Little evidence of compensation was reported in the included quantitative studies; however, inconsistencies between studies makes comparisons difficult. There was considerable variability in the types of behaviours assessed in quantitative studies, and few studies examined potential compensatory mechanisms. Future research, using compensation specific study designs, methods, and analytic techniques, within different population sub-groups, should address these evidence gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Swelam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Simone J J M Verswijveren
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Lauren Arundell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Nicola D Ridgers
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
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Zimmer RT, Haupt S, Heidenreich H, Schmidt WFJ. Acute Effects of Esports on the Cardiovascular System and Energy Expenditure in Amateur Esports Players. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:824006. [PMID: 35359501 PMCID: PMC8961871 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.824006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionEsports is practiced by millions of people worldwide every day. On a professional level, esports has been proven to have a high stress potential and is sometimes considered equivalent to traditional sporting activities. While traditional sports have health-promoting effects through muscle activity and increased energy expenditure, amateur esports could represent a purely sedentary activity, which would carry potentially harmful effects when practiced regularly. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the acute effects of esports on the cardiovascular system and energy expenditure in amateur esports players to show whether esports can be considered as physical strain or mental stress or whether amateur esports has to be seen as purely sedentary behavior.MethodsThirty male subjects participated in a 30-min gaming session, playing the soccer simulation game FIFA 20 or the tactical, first-person multiplayer shooter Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. Respiratory and cardiovascular parameters, as well as energy expenditure, blood glucose, lactate, and cortisol, were determined pre-, during, and post-gaming.ResultsThere were no significant changes in oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, energy expenditure, stroke volume, or lactate levels. Heart rate, blood glucose and cortisol decreased through the intervention until reaching their minimum levels 10 min post-gaming (Cortisolpre: 3.1 ± 2.9 ng/ml, Cortisolpost: 2.2 ± 2.3 ng/ml, p < 0.01; HRmin0.5: 82 ± 11 bpm, HRpost: 74 ± 13 bpm, p < 0.01).ConclusionA 30-min esports intervention does not positively affect energy expenditure or metabolism in amateur esports players. Therefore, it cannot provide the same health-promoting effects as traditional sports participation, but could in the long-term rather cause the same potentially health-damaging effects as purely sedentary behavior. However, it does not trigger a negative stress response in the players. Deliberate physical activity and exercise routines adapted to these demands should therefore be part of the daily life of amateur esports players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca T. Zimmer
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- *Correspondence: Rebecca T. Zimmer
| | - Sandra Haupt
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Heiko Heidenreich
- Division of Sport Governance and Event Management, Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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Cardiometabolic Health Status, Ethnicity and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) Disparities in an Adult Population: NutrIMDEA Observational Web-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052948. [PMID: 35270641 PMCID: PMC8910247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Precision public health supported on online tools is increasingly emerging as a potential strategy to achieve health promotion and disease prevention. Our aim was to assess the relationships of sociodemographic variables, anthropometric data, dietary habits and lifestyle factors with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cardiometabolic health status and ethnicity in an online recruited adult population (NutrIMDEA Study). NutrIMDEA Study is a web-based cross-sectional survey that included 17,333 adults. Self-reported sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric data, clinical and family history of cardiometabolic illnesses, dietary habits, lifestyle factors and HRQoL features were collected. Diseased individuals showed significative poorer MedDiet and worse HRQoL than those in the healthy cardiometabolic status group (p < 0.05). In comparison, European/Caucasian individuals reported a significantly better HRQoL, higher MedDiet and HRQoL values compared with those of other ethnicities (p < 0.05). We obtained a total of 16.8% who reported poor/fair, 56.5% good and 26.6% very good/excellent HRQoL. Respondents with very good/excellent HRQoL showed lower BMI, greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and higher physical activity. The results suggest the presence of interactions between the mental and physical components of HRQoL with obesity, sedentarism and dietary intake, which were dependent on disease status and ethnicity. Online HRQoL assessment could contribute to wider implementation of precision public health strategies to promote health targeted interventions with policy implications to community health promotion.
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Hernández-Jaña S, Escobar-Gómez D, Cristi-Montero C, Castro-Piñero J, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F. Changes in Active Behaviours, Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Physical Fitness in Chilean Parents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031846. [PMID: 35162868 PMCID: PMC8835301 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have caused different behavioural modifications in all populations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine changes in active commuting, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), physical fitness, and sedentary time during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chilean parents. Eighty-six fathers (41.30 ± 6.82 years) and 294 mothers (40.68 ± 6.92 years) of children from different schools from Valparaíso, Chile, participated. Inclusion criteria were adults with schoolchildren who were resident in Chile during the research period. Convenience sampling was used as a non-probabilistic sampling technique. Respondents completed a self-reported online survey about active commuting, MVPA, self-perceived physical fitness, and sedentary time July–September 2020 during the first pandemic period. Comparisons between before and during the pandemic were performed using t-tests and covariance analysis (ANCOVA), establishing a significance level at p < 0.05. Most participants stayed at home during the pandemic, whereas active and passive commuting significantly decreased in both fathers and mothers (p < 0.001). MVPA and physical fitness scores reduced considerably (p < 0.05), while sedentary time significantly increased (p < 0.05), independent of the sex of parents and children’s school type. Differences by age groups and the number of children were more heterogeneous, as younger parents showed a larger decrease in MVPA (p < 0.05) and physical fitness score (p < 0.05). Additionally, parents with one child showed a larger decrease in sedentary time (p < 0.05) than those with two or more children. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected healthy behaviours. Hence, health policies should promote more strategies to mitigate the long-term health effects of the pandemic on Chilean parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Hernández-Jaña
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2581967, Chile; (S.H.-J.); (C.C.-M.)
| | - Danica Escobar-Gómez
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2581967, Chile; (S.H.-J.); (C.C.-M.)
- Correspondence: (D.E.-G.); (F.R.-R.)
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2581967, Chile; (S.H.-J.); (C.C.-M.)
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11003 Cádiz, Spain;
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2581967, Chile; (S.H.-J.); (C.C.-M.)
- Correspondence: (D.E.-G.); (F.R.-R.)
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Denche-Zamorano Á, Franco-García JM, Carlos-Vivas J, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Pereira-Payo D, Pastor-Cisneros R, Merellano-Navarro E, Adsuar JC. Increased Risks of Mental Disorders: Youth with Inactive Physical Activity. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:237. [PMID: 35206852 PMCID: PMC8872491 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Before COVID-19, one of the most dangerous pandemics of the 21st century was physical inactivity (PI). Sedentary habits had increased in the last decades, reducing physical condition and increasing non-communicable diseases and mental disorders in the population. This study aimed to analyse the relationships between physical activity level (PAL) and the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and other mental disorders in Spanish young aged 15-35 years and to calculate the odd ratio (OR) of developing from these mental disorders in inactive young people, based on PAL. METHODS A cross-sectional study based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 with 4195 participants was conducted. A descriptive analysis was performed. Possible differences between groups were analysed using the non-parametric statistical tests. OR and relative risks for mental disorders in inactive versus others PAL were calculated. RESULTS Dependence relationships were found between PAL and the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and other mental disorders (p < 0.001). In addition, the risk of developing: anxiety (OR: 6.14. 95% CI: 3.28-11.50), depression (OR: 5.35. 95% CI: 2.40-11.96), and other mental disorders (OR: 8.52. 95% CI: 2.90-25.06) was higher in inactive young people. CONCLUSIONS PI is associated to high risk of mental disorders in Spanish young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society (PHeSO) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.); (M.M.-M.); (R.P.-C.); (J.C.A.)
| | - Juan Manuel Franco-García
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Promoting a Healthy Society (PHeSO) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.); (M.M.-M.); (R.P.-C.); (J.C.A.)
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Promoting a Healthy Society (PHeSO) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.); (M.M.-M.); (R.P.-C.); (J.C.A.)
| | - Damián Pereira-Payo
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society (PHeSO) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.); (M.M.-M.); (R.P.-C.); (J.C.A.)
| | | | - José Carmelo Adsuar
- Promoting a Healthy Society (PHeSO) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.); (M.M.-M.); (R.P.-C.); (J.C.A.)
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Hadgraft N, Winkler E, Goode AD, Gunning L, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Sugiyama T, Healy GN. How supportive are workplace environments for sitting less and moving more? A descriptive study of Australian workplaces participating in the BeUpstanding program. Prev Med Rep 2022; 24:101616. [PMID: 34976672 PMCID: PMC8684026 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Workplaces varied in the number of activity-supportive characteristics present. Spatial characteristics were more common than resource or policy characteristics. Characteristics absent in most workplaces were likely to be modifiable or low cost (“easy wins”). Almost all workplaces had some room for improvement in terms of activity-supportive factors.
Desk-based workers are highly sedentary; this has been identified as an emerging work health and safety issue. To reduce workplace sitting time and promote physical activity it is important to understand what factors are already present within workplaces to inform future interventions. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of supportive environmental factors, prior to workplaces taking part in a ‘sit less, move more’ initiative (BeUpstanding). Participants were 291 Australian-based workplace champions (representing 230 organisations) who unlocked the BeUpstanding program’s online toolkit between September 2017 and mid-November 2020, and who completed surveys relating to champion characteristics, organisation and workplace characteristics, and the availability of environmental factors to support sitting less and moving more. Factors were characterized using descriptive statistics and compared across key sectors and factor categories (spatial; resources/initiatives; policy/cultural) using mixed logistic regression models. Of the 42 factors measured, only 11 were present in > 50% of workplaces. Spatial design factors were more likely to be present than resources/initiatives or policy/cultural factors. Centralised printers were the most commonly reported attribute (94%), while prompts to encourage stair use were the least common (4%). Most workplace factors with < 50% prevalence were modifiable and/or were considered modifiable with low cost. Organisations that were public sector, not small/medium, not regional/remote, and not blue-collar had higher odds of having supportive factors than their counterparts; however, workplaces varied considerably in the number of factors present. These findings can assist with developing and targeting initiatives and promoting feasible strategies for desk-based workers to sit less and move more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Winkler
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ana D Goode
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia.,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines Among Adults: Findings From the Canadian Health Measures Survey. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:194-202. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study examined associations between sociodemographic factors and meeting versus not meeting the new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines recommendations. Methods: The study is based on 7651 respondents aged 18–79 years from the 2007 to 2013 Canadian Health Measures Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. Sociodemographic factors included age, sex, household education, household income, race, having a chronic condition, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and body mass index. Participants were classified as meeting or not meeting each of the time-specific recommendations for moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration. Results: Being an adult aged 18–64 years, normal weight, nonsmoker, and not having a chronic condition were associated with meeting the integrated guidelines. Being aged 18–64 years, male, normal weight, nonsmoker, not having a chronic condition, having a higher household education, and higher household income were associated with meeting the moderate to vigorous physical activity recommendation; being aged 18–64 years was associated with meeting the sedentary behavior recommendation; and being white, not having a chronic condition, and having a higher household income were associated with meeting the sleep duration recommendation. Conclusions: Few Canadian adults met the 2020 Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, and disparities across sociodemographic factors exist. Implementation strategies and dissemination approaches to encourage uptake and adoption are necessary.
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Harvey DL, Milton K, Jones AP, Atkin AJ. International trends in screen-based behaviours from 2012 to 2019. Prev Med 2022; 154:106909. [PMID: 34871663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many adults accumulate considerable time in screen-based behaviours, some of which have been associated with negative physical and psychological health outcomes. The aims of this study were to characterise contemporary patterns of screen-based behaviours and describe their temporal trends by global region, age, sex and education. Data covering the period 2012-2019 were obtained in aggregated form from GWI (previously known as Global Web Index), a global market research company. Temporal trends in the duration of adults' (16-64 years) self-reported personal computer, laptop and tablet use, mobile phone use, broadcast television viewing, online television viewing and games console use were described using data from over 2 million participants from 46 countries. For each activity, participants selected from response options ranging from less than 30 min to more than 10 h. Internationally, daily screen time increased from approximately 9 h in 2012 to 11 h in 2019, with notable increases in mobile phone use (approx. 2 h), online television viewing (approx. 37 min) and games console use (approx. 26 min). Differences were seen in the duration of time spent engaging in screen-based behaviours across regions and between socio-demographic groups, with Latin America, the Middle East and Africa and younger age groups seeing greater increases in overall screen time. The findings have important implications for health behaviour surveillance and for research exploring the links between screen-based behaviours and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Harvey
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Karen Milton
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andy P Jones
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Atkin
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom; Norwich Epidemiology Centre, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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Sabermahani F, Almasi-Dooghaee M, Sheikhtaheri A. Development and evaluation of serious games for diagnosis and cognitive improvement of patients with mild cognitive impairment: A study protocol. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Takahashi K, Tashiro H, Tajiri R, Takamori A, Uchida M, Kato G, Kurihara Y, Sadamatsu H, Kinoshita T, Yoshida M, Kawaguchi A, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N, Kawayama T. Factors Associated with Reduction of Sedentary Time Following Tiotropium/Olodaterol Therapy in Treatment-Naïve Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:3297-3307. [PMID: 34908832 PMCID: PMC8664652 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s338560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged sedentary behavior is associated with worse prognosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our previous study found that first-line dual therapy with tiotropium/olodaterol significantly reduces sedentary time compared to tiotropium monotherapy in Japanese patients with treatment-naïve COPD, although the characteristics of responders to dual-therapy versus monotherapy for COPD are still unclear. Methods Patients with treatment-naïve COPD were randomized to receive either tiotropium or tiotropium/olodaterol treatment for 12 weeks. Physical activity was assessed using a triaxle accelerometer for 2 weeks before and after treatment. This analysis focused on the change in sedentary time, indicated by physical activity of 1.0–1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs), with stratification for the following factors: age, body mass index (BMI), pulmonary function, COPD assessment test (CAT), the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), and physical activity level at study entry. Results Thirty-five patients received tiotropium/olodaterol and 34 patients received tiotropium. In patients with lower inspiratory capacity at study entry, a significant reduction in sedentary time was observed in the tiotropium/olodaterol group compared with the tiotropium group (Tio: −12.8 ± 13.5 min, Tio/Olo: −65.1 ± 21.0 min, mean difference, −52.2 min, 95% CI −103.6 to 0.88, p = 0.046). In patients with a shorter duration of physical activity of ≥2 METs at study entry, a significant reduction of sedentary time was observed in the tiotropium/olodaterol group compared with the tiotropium group (Tio: −3.3 ± 17.5 min, Tio/Olo: −72.9 ± 23.1 min, mean difference, −69.7 min, 95% CI −128.7 to −10.6, p = 0.02). There were no differences in terms of age, BMI, CAT score, 6MWD, FEV1, FVC, VC, and physical activity of 1.0–1.5 METs and ≥3.0 METs. Conclusion This study showed that COPD patients with lower inspiratory capacity or shorter active time of ≥2.0 METs at study entry are likely to exhibit significantly greater reduction in sedentary time with tiotropium/olodaterol treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tashiro
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Ryo Tajiri
- Clinical Research Center, Saga University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Ayako Takamori
- Clinical Research Center, Saga University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaru Uchida
- Division of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Health Care Organization Saga Central Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Go Kato
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saga Prefectural Medical Center Koseikan, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurihara
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hironori Sadamatsu
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Takashi Kinoshita
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshida
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Clinical Research Center, Saga University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Education and Research Center for Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Kawayama
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Sansano-Nadal O, Giné-Garriga M, Rodríguez-Roca B, Guerra-Balic M, Ferri K, Wilson JJ, Caserotti P, Olsen PØ, Blackburn NE, Rothenbacher D, Dallmeier D, Roqué-Fíguls M, McIntosh E, Martín-Borràs C. Association of Self-Reported and Device-Measured Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Activity with Health-Related Quality of Life among European Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413252. [PMID: 34948861 PMCID: PMC8706726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Human movement behaviours such as physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) during waking time have a significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults. In this study, we aimed to analyse the association between self-reported and device-measured SB and PA with HRQoL in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults from four European countries. A subsample of 1193 participants from the SITLESS trial (61% women and 75.1 ± 6.2 years old) were included in the analysis. The association between self-reported and objective measures of SB and PA with HRQoL were quantified using Spearman’s Rho coefficients. The strength of the associations between self-reported and device-measured PA and SB with self-rated HRQoL (mental composite score, MCS; physical composite score, PCS) were assessed through multivariate multiple regression analysis. Self-reported and device-measured PA and SB levels showed significant but poor associations with PCS (p < 0.05). The association with MCS was only significant but poor with self-reported light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that both self-reported and device-measured PA of all intensities were positively and significantly associated, while SB was negatively and significantly associated with the PCS of the SF-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Sansano-Nadal
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (M.G.-B.); (K.F.); (C.M.-B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-932533000 (ext. 5332)
| | - Maria Giné-Garriga
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (M.G.-B.); (K.F.); (C.M.-B.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Padilla 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Roca
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Myriam Guerra-Balic
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (M.G.-B.); (K.F.); (C.M.-B.)
| | - Kelly Ferri
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (M.G.-B.); (K.F.); (C.M.-B.)
| | - Jason J. Wilson
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, School of Sport, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Paolo Caserotti
- Center for Active and Healthy Ageing (CAHA), Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (P.C.); (P.Ø.O.)
| | - Pia Øllgaard Olsen
- Center for Active and Healthy Ageing (CAHA), Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (P.C.); (P.Ø.O.)
| | - Nicole E. Blackburn
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
| | - Dietrich Rothenbacher
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Helmholtztr 22, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Dhayana Dallmeier
- Research Unit on Aging, Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Zollernring 26, 89073 Ulm, Germany;
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Marta Roqué-Fíguls
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment (Foundation on Health and Ageing)—UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 171, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Emma McIntosh
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment (HEHTA), Institute of Health and Wellbeing (IHW), University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
| | - Carme Martín-Borràs
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (M.G.-B.); (K.F.); (C.M.-B.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Padilla 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
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Dogra S, Dunstan DW, Sugiyama T, Stathi A, Gardiner PA, Owen N. Active Aging and Public Health: Evidence, Implications, and Opportunities. Annu Rev Public Health 2021; 43:439-459. [PMID: 34910580 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052620-091107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
By 2050, 20% of the world's population will be over the age of 65 years, with projections that 80% of older adults will be living in low- to middle-income countries. Physical inactivity and sedentary time are particularly high in older adults, presenting unique public health challenges. In this article, we first review evidence that points to multiple beneficial outcomes of active aging, including better physical function, cognitive function, mental health, social health, and sleep and suggest the need to shift the research focus from chronic disease outcomes to more relevant outcomes that affect independence and quality of life. Second, we review the critical role of age-friendly environments in facilitating active aging equitably across different countries and cultures. Finally, we consider emerging opportunities related to social engagement and technology-enabled mobility that can facilitate active aging. In all these contexts, it is a priority to understand and address diversity within the global aging population. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 43 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Dogra
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Kinesiology), University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada;
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia.,School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
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132
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Silva DR, Collings P, Araujo RHO, Barboza LL, Szwarcwald CL, Werneck AO. Correlates of screen-based behaviors among adults from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2289. [PMID: 34911519 PMCID: PMC8672534 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate correlates of TV viewing and other types of screen-based behaviors in a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adults. In the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey (including 88,509 adults), TV viewing time and other types of screen behaviors (computer, tablet, and cellphone use) were self-reported and different geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status factors were investigated as potential correlates. Multinomial logistic regression models were used for the main analyses. Living in capital cities, urban areas, being unemployed, high consumption of soft drinks, obesity, and elevated depressive symptoms were each associated with more TV viewing and more time using other types of screens. There were differential associations between TV viewing and the use of other types of screen across age and socioeconomic variables. For instance, younger adults have a more diverse portfolio of screen time than older adults. To conclude, levels of screen-based behaviors vary by geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status characteristics. Interventions should focus on high-risk population groups and may benefit from targeting specific sedentary behaviors of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo R Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, Avenida Marechal Rondon, s/no, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, SE, CEP 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Paul Collings
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Raphael H O Araujo
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Luciana L Barboza
- Graduation Program in Physical Education, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Célia L Szwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde (ICICT), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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133
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Ayalon L, Cohn-Schwartz E. The Relationship Between Perceived Age Discrimination in the Healthcare System and Health: An Examination of a Multi-Path Model in a National Sample of Israelis Over the Age of 50. J Aging Health 2021; 34:684-692. [PMID: 34866449 DOI: 10.1177/08982643211058025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aims to examine possible pathways that potentially account for the relationship between perceived age discrimination in healthcare settings (as one form of ageism) and health outcomes. METHODS We relied on 1570 complete surveys, which constitute a representative national sample of adults aged 50 and above in Israel. RESULTS We found a direct link between perceived age discrimination and health outcomes. This link was partially mediated by self-perceptions of aging and subsequently by health behaviors (e.g., eating vegetables) and preventive health behaviors (e.g., medical check-ups). The link between perceived age discrimination and health behaviors was moderated by age, thus, particularly detrimental for older people over the age of 65 as compared with those between the ages of 50 and 65. DISCUSSION This study adds to the literature as it examines comprehensive mechanisms to account for the path between perceived age discrimination and health status. Our findings point to the unique aspects associated with perceived age discrimination, which potentially make older people more susceptible to its negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Ayalon
- Louis and Gabi Weisfild School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ella Cohn-Schwartz
- Gerontology Program, Department of Public Health, 26732Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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134
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Clark BK, Stephens SK, Goode AD, Healy GN, Winkler EAH. Alternatives for Measuring Sitting Accumulation in Workplace Surveys. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e853-e860. [PMID: 34538838 PMCID: PMC8631162 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and assess the measurement properties of self-report measures of accumulation of sitting time. METHODS Seven candidate measures were collected in 51 workers from three office environments (79% women) via online questionnaire administered immediately before and after 7-day monitoring periods (activPAL3 24-hour protocol with diary recorded work hours). RESULTS Three measures had some validity (P < 0.05 vs activPAL): % of sitting in long bouts more than or equal to 30 minutes, sitting strategy frequency (0 to 100), and interruption rate (n/h sitting). Agreement was limited. Some reliability (intraclass correlation or kappa P < 0.05) was seen for these measures, strategy variety (0 to 100), typical day (five categories), and making a conscious effort to sit less (yes/no). CONCLUSIONS Two brief and one longer option may suit workplace studies requiring self-report measures of sitting accumulation. Validity was weaker for sitting accumulation than sitting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn K Clark
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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135
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Yoon M, Yang PS, Jin MN, Yu HT, Kim TH, Jang E, Uhm JS, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B. Association of Physical Activity Level With Risk of Dementia in a Nationwide Cohort in Korea. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2138526. [PMID: 34913979 PMCID: PMC8678703 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.38526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Current guidelines recommend 500 to 999 metabolic equivalent (MET)-minutes per week (MET-min/wk) of regular physical activity. However, evidence regarding the association between light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and dementia in older adults is inconsistent. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between physical activity and new-onset dementia, focusing on the dose-response association between physical activity and dementia and the association of LPA with the incidence of dementia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS For this nationwide retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 62 286 participants aged 65 years or older without preexisting dementia who had available health checkup data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database from January 2009 to December 2012. Participants were followed up until December 31, 2013, and data analysis was performed from July 2020 to January 2021. EXPOSURES Physical activity level was assessed using a standardized, self-reported questionnaire at baseline. Physical activity-related energy expenditure (in MET-min/wk) was calculated by summing the product of frequency, intensity, and duration. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence of dementia. Incidence rates were calculated by dividing the number of events by the person-time at risk (presented as the incidence per 1000 person-years). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for dementia were analyzed according to physical activity level. Competing risk regression was performed by using the Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model, with mortality as the competing risk for dementia events. Multivariable regression models were constructed with adjustment for various patient characteristics. Incident dementia occurring 2 years after enrollment was assessed, and separate analyses included all follow-up periods. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to examine the association of continuous values of physical activity with dementia. RESULTS Among 62 286 participants, 60.4% were women, and the mean (SD) age was 73.2 (5.3) years. During a median follow-up of 42 months, 3757 participants (6.0%) developed dementia, and the overall incidence was 21.6 per 1000 person-years. Compared with inactive individuals (0 MET-min/wk), insufficiently active (1-499 MET-min/wk; mean, 284 MET-min/wk), active (500-999 MET-min/wk; mean, 675 MET-min/wk), and highly active participants (≥1000 MET-min/wk; mean, 1627 MET-min/wk) showed 10% (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81-0.99), 20% (adjusted HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71-0.92), and 28% (adjusted HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.60-0.83) reduced dementia risk, respectively. Thus, a progressive decrease in the adjusted HR of dementia was associated with increasing physical activity level, and a restricted cubic spline curve showed that this association started with a low amount of total physical activity. This association was consistent regardless of age, sex, and other comorbidities or after censoring for stroke. Compared with total sedentary behavior, even a low amount of LPA (1-299 MET-min/wk; mean, 189 MET-min/wk) was associated with reduced dementia risk (adjusted HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74-0.99). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In older adults, an increased physical activity level, including a low amount of LPA, was associated with a reduced risk of dementia. Promotion of LPA might reduce the risk of dementia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjae Yoon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Sung Yang
- Division of Cardiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Nyun Jin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sangye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsun Jang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sun Uhm
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Nam Pak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Hyoung Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Munir F, Yarker J, Duckworth J, Chen YL, Brinkley A, Varela-Mato V, Lewis R, Clemes S. Evaluation of a natural workspace intervention with active design features on movement, interaction and health. Work 2021; 70:1229-1241. [PMID: 34842209 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing focus on designing workspaces that promote less sitting, more movement and interaction to improve physical and mental health. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates a natural intervention of a new workplace with active design features and its relocation to a greener and open space. METHODS An ecological model was used to understand how organisations implement change. Pre and post survey data from 221 matched cases of workers and accelerometery data (n = 50) were analysed. RESULTS Results show a decrease in occupational sitting (-20.65 mins/workday, p = 0.001) and an increase in workplace walking (+5.61 mins/workday, p = 0.001) using survey data, and accelerometery data (occupational sitting time: -31.0 mins/workday, p = 0.035, standing time: +22.0 mins/workday, p = 0.022, stepping time: +11.0 mins/workday, p = 0.001). Improvements in interaction, musculoskeletal pain and mental health were reported. CONCLUSIONS Application of the ecological model shows that the organisation understands how to target the built environment and social/cultural environment but not how to target behaviour change at the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | - Joanna Yarker
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Duckworth
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Yu-Ling Chen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Andrew Brinkley
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | - Veronica Varela-Mato
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | - Rachel Lewis
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Stacy Clemes
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
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137
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Quantitative assessment of sitting time in ambulant adults with Muscular Dystrophy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260491. [PMID: 34797883 PMCID: PMC8604332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current investigations into physical behaviour in Muscular Dystrophy (MD) have focussed largely on physical activity (PA). Negative health behaviours such as sedentary behaviour (Physical Behaviour) and sitting time (Posture Classification) are widely recognised to negatively influence health, but by contrast are poorly reported, yet could be easier behaviours to modify. METHODS 14 ambulant men with MD and 12 healthy controls (CTRL) subjects completed 7-days of free-living with wrist-worn accelerometry, assessing physical behaviour (SB or PA) and Posture Classification (Sitting or Standing), presented at absolute (minutes) or relative (% Waking Hours). Participant body composition (Fat Mass and Fat Free Mass) were assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance, while functional status was assessed by 10 m walk test and a functional scale (Swinyard Scale). RESULTS Absolute Sedentary Behaviour (2.2 Hours, p = 0.025) and Sitting Time (1.9 Hours, p = 0.030 was greater in adults with MD compared to CTRL and Absolute Physical Activity (3.4 Hours, p < 0.001) and Standing Time (3.2 Hours, p < 0.001) was lower in adults with MD compared to CTRL. Absolute hours of SB was associated with Fat Mass (Kg) (R = 0.643, p < 0.05) in ambulatory adults with MD. DISCUSSION This study has demonstrated increased Sedentary Behaviour (2.2 hours) and Sitting time (1.9 Hours) in adults with MD compared to healthy controls. Extended waking hours in sitting and SB raises concerns with regards to progression of potential cardio-metabolic diseases and co-morbidities in MD.
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Emerging Qualitative Research Trends (2010-2021) on Sedentary Behaviour among Older Adults: A Systematic Literature Review Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111548. [PMID: 34770062 PMCID: PMC8582894 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, research on sedentary behaviour has increased. In this regard, there is a need for theoretical reviews that allow us to determine the past, analyse the present, and prepare the future of research in this field. The purpose of this review paper was to analyse and organise the emerging qualitative research trends (2010-2021) on the sedentary behaviour of older adults. A systematic literature search strategy was developed in various electronic scientific databases (e.g., PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scielo, and Scopus). The included studies were required to have different qualitative methodological approaches in terms of data collection and methods of data analysis. Studies conducted in any country and published in a peer-reviewed journal in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were considered. A thematic analysis approach was used for data extraction and synthesis, and confidence in the results was assessed using the GRADE-CERQual approach. This study may enable accurate guidelines to be established for future primary qualitative research related to sedentary behaviour.
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139
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Watanabe K, Kawakami N. Association between sitting time at work and the onset of major depressive episode: a 1-year prospective cohort study using the Bayesian regression. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1960. [PMID: 34715837 PMCID: PMC8556968 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although sedentary behavior is associated with the onset of major depressive disorder, it remains unclear whether sedentary behavior at work increases the risk of depression. The present study used the Bayesian approach to investigate the association between sitting time at work and the onset of major depressive episode (MDE). Methods A 1-year prospective cohort study was conducted among 233 Japanese workers without MDE (response rate: 4.3%). MDE onset was assessed using the self-reported WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0. A Bayesian Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) between long sitting time at work and MDE onset. Results A total of 231 workers were included in the analysis. During the follow-up, 1621 person-months were observed, and six participants experienced MDE onset. Incident rates per months were 0.34, 0.11, and 1.02% in short (< 7.2 h per day), medium (7.2–9.5 h), and long (9.5+ h) sitting time at work, respectively. The estimated median posterior probability distribution of the HR of long sitting time was 3.00 (95% highest density interval [HDI]: 0.73–12.03). The estimated median remained positive after adjustment for physical activity level and other covariates (HR = 2.11, 95% HDI: 0.42–10.22). The 10-base Bayesian factor for H1 (HR = 1.00) compared with the alternatives (H0, HR = 1.00) was 0.68 in the adjusted model. The analysis, which treated sitting time at work as a continuous variable, estimated that the median of the posterior probability distribution of the HR of sitting time was 0.79 (95% HDI: 0.58–1.07. The 10-base Bayesian factor was 2.73 in the linear association. Conclusions Long sitting time at work (9.5+ h per day) might be associated with MDE onset among workers. However, the linear association indicated conflicting results. Non-linear associations between sitting time and MDE onset might explain this inconsistency. The evidence for an adverse association between sitting time at work and MDE onset remains inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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140
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Healy GN, Winkler EAH, Goode AD. A RE-AIM evaluation in early adopters to iteratively improve the online BeUpstanding™ program supporting workers to sit less and move more. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1916. [PMID: 34674676 PMCID: PMC8532381 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The web-based BeUpstanding program supports desk workers to sit less and move more. Successfully translated from a research-delivered intervention, BeUpstanding has gone through iterative development and evaluation phases in preparation for wide-scale implementation. In the third planned “early-adopters” phase (01/09/2017–11/06/2019), the program was made freely-available online. An integrated delivery and evaluation platform was also developed to enable workplace champions to run and evaluate the intervention within their work team independent of researcher support. Using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework, this study reports on the extent to which the program and processes were “fit-for-purpose” for a national implementation trial across the indicators of uptake (reach and adoption), implementation and engagement, and effectiveness for behaviour change. Methods Data were collected via the online surveys embedded in the program and through program access analytics. Descriptive data (with linearized variance for the clustered staff-level data) and results from mixed models (repeated data and clustering for pre-post changes) are reported. Results Despite purposeful limited promotion, uptake was good, with 182 Australian users initially registering (208 total) and 135 (from 113 organisations) then completing the sign-up process. Recruitment reached users across Australia and in 16 of 19 Australian industries. Implementation was inconsistent and limited, with signed-up users completing 0 to 14 of the program’s 14 steps and only 7 (5.2%) completing all seven core steps. Many champions (n = 69, 51.1%) had low engagement (1 day toolkit usage) and few (n = 30, 22%) were highly engaged (> 1 day toolkit usage and surveyed staff). Although only 18 users (7 organisations) performed the pre- and post-program staff evaluations (337 and 167 staff, respectively), pre-post changes showed the program effectively reduced workplace sitting by − 9.0% (95% CI -12.0, − 5.9%). Discussion The program had uptake across industries and across Australia, but implementation and engagement varied widely. Few workplaces completed the evaluation components. In those that did, the program was effective for the primary outcome (workplace sitting). Conducting a planned early adopters phase and a comprehensive evaluation according to RE-AIM helped highlight necessary program improvements to make it more suitable for wide-scale implementation and evaluation. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinic Trials Registry ACTRN12617000682347. Date registered: 12/05/2017. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11993-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve N Healy
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, 288 Herston Rd, HERSTON QLD, Brisbane, 4006, Australia. .,Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Elisabeth A H Winkler
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, 288 Herston Rd, HERSTON QLD, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Ana D Goode
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, 288 Herston Rd, HERSTON QLD, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
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141
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Ning K, Chen ST, Chi X, Liang K. Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Chinese Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Repeated-Measure Study throughout One Year. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9111404. [PMID: 34828456 PMCID: PMC8624476 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Though we know physical activity (PA) decreased while sedentary behavior (SB) increased compared to that before the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about subsequent changes in PA and SB throughout one year in the post-pandemic era. This study aimed to examine the changes in PA and SB in a sample of Chinese young adults using a four-wave repeated-measure design during the pandemic. A total of 411 participants provided self-reported data of sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., sex, age), PA, and SB. Nonparametric tests and generalized estimating equations were conducted. Results revealed significant changes in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), and SB. The MVPA of Wave 1, 2, and 3 was significantly less than that of Wave 4 (p < 0.001); the LPA of Wave 1 and 2 was significantly less than that of Wave 4; the SB of Wave 1 was significantly more than that of Wave 4 (p < 0.05). Being female was the only predictor of changes in MVPA (Beta = −0.311, p< 0.001). Being female (Beta = 0.115, p = 0.003) and perceived family affluence (Beta = −0.059, p< 0.001) were predictors of changes in SB. As such, PA was less, while SB was more during the early stages of the pandemic. With the progress of the pandemic stages, health behaviors in young adults have been gradually improved. Sex and perceived family affluence were two important factors in predicting health behaviors. Our results can inform efficient policies or interventions in the COVID-19 era and future similar public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ning
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Si-Tong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia;
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (X.C.); (K.L.)
| | - Kaixin Liang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (X.C.); (K.L.)
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142
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Fortune J, Norris M, Stennett A, Kilbride C, Lavelle G, Hendrie W, Victor C, Ryan JM. Patterns and correlates of sedentary behaviour among people with multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20346. [PMID: 34645876 PMCID: PMC8514488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of sedentary behaviour are associated with poor health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Identifying modifiable correlates of sedentary behaviour for people with MS is essential to design effective intervention strategies to minimise sedentary time. This study aimed to quantify patterns and identify correlates of sedentary behaviour among adults with MS. Fatigue, self-efficacy, walking capability, the physical and psychological impact of MS, health-related quality of life, and participation and autonomy were assessed by questionnaire. Participants wore an activPAL monitor. Total (min/day), prolonged bouts (≥ 30 min) and breaks in sedentary time were calculated. Associations were examined using regression analysis adjusted for demographic and clinical confounders. Fifty-six adults with MS participated (mean ± SD age: 57.0 ± 9.25 years; 66% female). Self-efficacy for control over MS was associated with sedentary time (β = 0.16, 95% CI 0.01, 0.30). Self-efficacy in function maintenance (β = 0.02, 95% CI 0.00, 0.04), health-related quality of life (EuroQol-5D) (β = 31.60, 95% CI 7.25, 55.96), and the autonomy indoors subscale of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire (β = − 5.11, 95% CI − 9.74, − 0.485) were associated with breaks in sedentary time. Future studies should consider self-efficacy, health-related quality of life and participation and autonomy as potential components of interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fortune
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Meriel Norris
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.
| | - Andrea Stennett
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.,Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Cherry Kilbride
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Grace Lavelle
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Christina Victor
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Mary Ryan
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK
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143
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Lynch L, McCarron M, McCallion P, Burke E. Sedentary behaviour levels in adults with an intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. HRB Open Res 2021; 4:69. [PMID: 35510064 PMCID: PMC9020532 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13326.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB), which is characterised by low levels of energy expenditure, has been linked to increased cardio-metabolic risks, obesity and mortality, as well as cancer risk. No firm guidelines are established on safe levels of SB. Adults with an intellectual disability (ID) have poorer health than their counterparts in the general population with higher rates of multi-morbidity, inactivity, and obesity. The reasons for this health disparity are unclear however it is known that SB and overall inactivity contribute to poorer health. There is no clear picture of the levels of SB among individuals with ID therefore SB levels in this vulnerable population need to be examined. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalence of sedentary behaviour in adults with an ID. Methods: The PRISMA-P framework was applied to identify high quality articles. An extensive search was carried out in four databases and grey literature sources . In total, 1,972 articles were retrieved of which 48 articles went forward for full review after duplicate removal and screening by title and abstract. The National Institute of Health's quality assessment tools were used to assess article quality. Two reviewers independently assessed each article. An excel spreadsheet was created to guide the data extraction process. The final review included 25 articles. A meta-analysis was completed using REVMAN. Results: Different SB assessment types were identified in studies. These included steps, time, questionnaires, and screen time. Studies were heterogeneous. Observed daily steps per individual ranged from 44 to above 30,000, with an average of approximately 6,500 steps. Mean daily time spent in SBs was more than 60% of available time, with observed screen time of more than 3 hours. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of SB in adults with an intellectual disability. [Registration no: Index CRD42020177225].
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Lynch
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary McCarron
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip McCallion
- School of Social work, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eilish Burke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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144
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Lynch L, McCarron M, McCallion P, Burke E. Sedentary behaviour levels in adults with an intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. HRB Open Res 2021; 4:69. [PMID: 35510064 PMCID: PMC9020532 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13326.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB), which is characterised by low levels of energy expenditure, has been linked to increased cardio-metabolic risks, obesity and mortality, as well as cancer risk. No firm guidelines are established on safe levels of SB. Adults with an intellectual disability (ID) have poorer health than their counterparts in the general population with higher rates of multi-morbidity, inactivity, and obesity. The reasons for this health disparity are unclear however it is known that SB and overall inactivity contribute to poorer health. There is no clear picture of the levels of SB among individuals with ID therefore SB levels in this vulnerable population need to be examined. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalence of sedentary behaviour in adults with an ID. Methods: The PRISMA-P framework was applied to identify high quality articles. An extensive search was carried out in four databases and grey literature sources . In total, 1,972 articles were retrieved of which 48 articles went forward for full review after duplicate removal and screening by title and abstract. The National Institute of Health's quality assessment tools were used to assess article quality. Two reviewers independently assessed each article. An excel spreadsheet was created to guide the data extraction process. The final review included 25 articles. A meta-analysis was completed using REVMAN. Results: Different SB assessment types were identified in studies. These included steps, time, questionnaires, and screen time. Studies were heterogeneous. Observed daily steps per individual ranged from 44 to above 30,000, with an average of approximately 6,500 steps. Mean daily time spent in SBs was more than 60% of available time, with observed screen time of more than 3 hours. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of SB in adults with an intellectual disability. [Registration no: Index CRD42020177225].
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Lynch
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary McCarron
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip McCallion
- School of Social work, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eilish Burke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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145
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Sit less and move more for cardiovascular health: emerging insights and opportunities. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:637-648. [PMID: 34017139 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00547-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviour - put simply, too much sitting, as a distinct concept from too little exercise - is a novel determinant of cardiovascular risk. This definition provides a perspective that is complementary to the well-understood detrimental effects of physical inactivity. Sitting occupies the majority of the daily waking hours in most adults and has become even more pervasive owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. The potential for a broad cardiovascular health benefit exists through an integrated approach that involves 'sitting less and moving more'. In this Review, we first consider observational and experimental evidence on the adverse effects of prolonged, uninterrupted sitting and the evidence identifying the possible mechanisms underlying the associated risk. We summarize the results of randomized controlled trials demonstrating the feasibility of changing sedentary behaviour. We also highlight evidence on the deleterious synergies between sedentary behaviour and physical inactivity as the underpinnings of our case for addressing them jointly in mitigating cardiovascular risk. This integrated approach should not only reduce the specific risks of too much sitting but also have a positive effect on the total amount of physical activity, with the potential to more broadly benefit the health of individuals living with or at risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
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146
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Sitting Time, Physical Activity, and Cognitive Impairment in Midlife and Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:355-363. [PMID: 34453026 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study cross-sectionally examines the relations of sitting and physical activity (PA) with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling adults aged 55-87 years (n = 3,780). Multivariable logistic regression assessed independent and joint relations of sitting and PA with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores adjusting for covariates. Sitting ≥75% of the time and not meeting PA guidelines were related to 60% (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.19, 2.17]) and 27% (95% CI [1.06, 1.53]) higher odds for cognitive impairment, respectively. Stratification by age showed that sitting ≥75% of the time was associated with higher cognitive impairment odds in midlife (odds ratio [OR] = 1.86; 95% CI [1.31, 2.65]), but not older adults (OR = 1.06; 95% CI [0.57, 1.95]). Joint association analysis revealed that, overall, the highest odds for cognitive impairment were in those sitting ≥75% of the time while meeting or not meeting PA guidelines (OR = 1.69, 95% CI [1.13, 2.53]; and OR = 1.66, 95% CI [1.19, 2.32], respectively). In conclusion, prolonged sitting and insufficient PA are independent risk markers for cognitive impairment.
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147
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Mehrabani G, Aminian S, Norton S, Motl RW, Manns PJ. Preliminary efficacy of the "SitLess with MS" intervention for changing sedentary behaviour, symptoms, and physical performance in multiple sclerosis. Disabil Rehabil 2021; 44:6374-6381. [PMID: 34433359 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1966520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE People with multiple sclerosis (MS) sit (i.e., are sedentary) more than peers. We examined the preliminary efficacy of an internet-based intervention that focuses on sitting less and moving more for changing sedentary behaviour outcomes, symptoms, QOL, and physical performance in adults with MS. METHODS Persons with mild-to-moderate disability from MS took part in a 15-week pre-post trial. Outcomes including sedentary behaviour, representative symptoms (e.g., fatigue, pain), QOL and physical performance measures (e.g., walking speed) were measured at three time points: pre-post intervention and at follow-up. An unstructured linear mixed-effects model was used to determine change over time per outcome. RESULTS Forty-one persons with MS participated (age 50 ± 10.3 years). There were significant reductions in total sedentary time (d = 0.34) and the number of long (≥30 min) bouts of sedentary time (d = 0.39) post-intervention. All symptoms and physical performance measures were significantly improved following the intervention, with effects sizes greatest for fatigue (d = 0.61) and depression (d = 0.79). Changes were maintained during the 7-week follow-up, except for all sedentary behaviour outcomes and sleep quality. Cognition did not change. CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary support for the efficacy of an intervention focused on sitting less and moving more for improving symptoms in adults with MS.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThis research provides preliminary evidence that an intervention aimed at reducing sedentary behaviour and increasing light intensity activity throughout the day can have an impact.Fatigue, depression and anxiety, symptoms frequently encountered by people with MS, showed the greatest improvement following the intervention.Weekly coaching sessions including discussions about results from activity monitoring provided motivation for participants. TRIAL REGISTRATION The "SitLess with MS" feasibility study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Trial Registration Number: NCT03136744. Date of registration was 2 May 2017. Find at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03136744.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Mehrabani
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Saeideh Aminian
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sarah Norton
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Robert W Motl
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Patricia J Manns
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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148
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Tomasone JR, Flood SM, Latimer-Cheung AE, Faulkner G, Duggan M, Jones R, Lane KN, Bevington F, Carrier J, Dolf M, Doucette K, Faught E, Gierc M, Giouridis N, Gruber R, Johnston N, Kauffeldt KD, Kennedy W, Lorbergs A, Maclaren K, Ross R, Tytler K, Walters AJ, Welsh F, Brouwers MC. Knowledge translation of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18-64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older: a collaborative movement guideline knowledge translation process. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 45:S103-S124. [PMID: 33054331 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Establishing a step-by-step process that provides practitioners with a blueprint for translating movement guidelines into action stands to optimize the investment in guideline development, improve guideline promotion and uptake, and ultimately enhance population health. The purpose of this paper is to describe how the Knowledge-to-Action framework and integrated knowledge translation were operationalized to systematically inform our knowledge translation (KT) efforts for the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18-64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older. In October 2018, the need for a KT Process, operating in tandem with the Guideline Development Process, led to the establishment of a KT team with a specific structure and terms of reference. The KT team collaboratively agreed on decision-making principles prior to selecting target audiences to focus their efforts. We undertook formative research to assess the local context and determinants of guideline dissemination and implementation efforts among target audiences. Plans for the subsequent steps and research are outlined. We highlight recommendations and lessons learned for applying the process in other settings. Novelty We outline a collaborative and systematic process and research program for the knowledge translation of movement guidelines. This paper provides an innovative and replicable blueprint to optimize future movement guideline knowledge translation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Flood
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Amy E Latimer-Cheung
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mary Duggan
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON K2A 4B1, Canada
| | | | - Kirstin N Lane
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON K2A 4B1, Canada.,School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Frances Bevington
- Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Julie Carrier
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Matt Dolf
- UBC Wellbeing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kevin Doucette
- Canadian Medical Association, Ottawa, ON K1J 9B9, Canada
| | - Emma Faught
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Madelaine Gierc
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Nicole Giouridis
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada.,Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Nora Johnston
- Centre for Active Living, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Kaitlyn D Kauffeldt
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | | | - Kaleigh Maclaren
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON K2A 4B1, Canada
| | - Robert Ross
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kim Tytler
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON K2A 4B1, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Walters
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Frank Welsh
- Canadian Public Health Association, Ottawa, ON K1Z 8R9, Canada
| | - Melissa C Brouwers
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
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149
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Janssen I, Clarke AE, Carson V, Chaput JP, Giangregorio LM, Kho ME, Poitras VJ, Ross R, Saunders TJ, Ross-White A, Chastin SFM. A systematic review of compositional data analysis studies examining associations between sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity with health outcomes in adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 45:S248-S257. [PMID: 33054342 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review determined if the composition of time spent in movement behaviours (i.e., sleep, sedentary behaviour (SED), light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) is associated with health in adults. Five electronic databases were searched in August 2019. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer-reviewed, examined community-dwelling adults, and used compositional data analysis to examine the associations between the composition of time spent in movement behaviours and health outcomes. Eight studies (7 cross-sectional, 1 prospective cohort) of >12 000 unique participants were included. Findings indicated that the 24-h movement behaviour composition was associated with all-cause mortality (1 of 1 analyses), adiposity (4 of 4 analyses), and cardiometabolic biomarkers (8 of 15 analyses). Reallocating time into MVPA from other movement behaviours was associated with favourable changes to most health outcomes and taking time out of SED and reallocating it into other movement behaviours was associated with favourable changes to all-cause mortality. The quality of evidence was very low for all health outcomes. In conclusion, these findings support the notion that the composition of movement across the entire 24-h day matters, and that recommendations for sleep, SED, and physical activity should be combined into a single public health guideline. (PROSPERO registration no.: CRD42019121641.) Novelty The 24-h movement behaviour composition is associated with a variety of health outcomes. Reallocating time into MVPA is favourably associated with health. Reallocating time out of SED is associated with favourable changes to mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Janssen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Anna E Clarke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Lora M Giangregorio
- Department of Kinesiology and Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michelle E Kho
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada
| | | | - Robert Ross
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Travis J Saunders
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | | | - Sebastien F M Chastin
- School of Health and Life Science, Glasgow Caledonia University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium, Ghent
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Prince SA, Rasmussen CL, Biswas A, Holtermann A, Aulakh T, Merucci K, Coenen P. The effect of leisure time physical activity and sedentary behaviour on the health of workers with different occupational physical activity demands: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:100. [PMID: 34284795 PMCID: PMC8290554 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is generally accepted that physical activity reduces the risk for chronic non-communicable disease and mortality, accumulating evidence suggests that occupational physical activity (OPA) may not confer the same health benefits as leisure time physical activity (LTPA). It is also unclear if workers in high OPA jobs benefit from LTPA the same way as those in sedentary jobs. Our objective was to determine whether LTPA and leisure time sedentary behaviour (LTSB) confer the same health effects across occupations with different levels of OPA. METHODS Searches were run in Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest Public Health and Scopus from inception to June 9, 2020. Prospective or experimental studies which examined the effects of LTPA or LTSB on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal pain, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, arrhythmias and depression among adult workers grouped by OPA (low OPA/sitters, standers, moderate OPA/intermittent movers, high OPA/heavy labourers) were eligible. Results were synthesized using narrative syntheses and harvest plots, and certainty of evidence assessed with GRADE. RESULTS The review includes 38 papers. Across all outcomes, except cardiovascular mortality, metabolic syndrome and atrial fibrillation, greater LTPA was consistently protective among low OPA, but conferred less protection among moderate and high OPA. For cardiovascular mortality and metabolic syndrome, higher levels of LTPA were generally associated with similar risk reductions among all OPA groups. Few studies examined effects in standers and none examined effects of LTSB across OPA groups. CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that LTPA is beneficial for all workers, but with larger risk reductions among those with low compared to high OPA jobs. This suggests that, in our attempts to improve the health of workers through LTPA, tailored interventions for different occupational groups may be required. More high-quality studies are needed to establish recommended levels of LTPA/LTSB for different OPA groups. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION PROSPERO # CRD42020191708 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Prince
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | | | - Aviroop Biswas
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tarnbir Aulakh
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | | | - Pieter Coenen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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