101
|
Jiang Y, Duan LJ, Fong GH. Oxygen-sensing mechanisms in development and tissue repair. Development 2021; 148:273632. [PMID: 34874450 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Under normoxia, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) α subunits are hydroxylated by PHDs (prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins) and subsequently undergo polyubiquitylation and degradation. Normal embryogenesis occurs under hypoxia, which suppresses PHD activities and allows HIFα to stabilize and regulate development. In this Primer, we explain molecular mechanisms of the oxygen-sensing pathway, summarize HIF-regulated downstream events, discuss loss-of-function phenotypes primarily in mouse development, and highlight clinical relevance to angiogenesis and tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yida Jiang
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Li-Juan Duan
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Guo-Hua Fong
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Therapeutic targeting of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2021; 18:751-772. [PMID: 34326502 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-021-00539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is prevalent in human tumours and contributes to microenvironments that shape cancer evolution and adversely affect therapeutic outcomes. Historically, two different tumour microenvironment (TME) research communities have been discernible. One has focused on physicochemical gradients of oxygen, pH and nutrients in the tumour interstitium, motivated in part by the barrier that hypoxia poses to effective radiotherapy. The other has focused on cellular interactions involving tumour and non-tumour cells within the TME. Over the past decade, strong links have been established between these two themes, providing new insights into fundamental aspects of tumour biology and presenting new strategies for addressing the effects of hypoxia and other microenvironmental features that arise from the inefficient microvascular system in solid tumours. This Review provides a perspective on advances at the interface between these two aspects of the TME, with a focus on translational therapeutic opportunities relating to the elimination and/or exploitation of tumour hypoxia.
Collapse
|
103
|
Jonasch E, Donskov F, Iliopoulos O, Rathmell WK, Narayan VK, Maughan BL, Oudard S, Else T, Maranchie JK, Welsh SJ, Thamake S, Park EK, Perini RF, Linehan WM, Srinivasan R. Belzutifan for Renal Cell Carcinoma in von Hippel-Lindau Disease. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:2036-2046. [PMID: 34818478 PMCID: PMC9275515 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease have a high incidence of renal cell carcinoma owing to VHL gene inactivation and constitutive activation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α). METHODS In this phase 2, open-label, single-group trial, we investigated the efficacy and safety of the HIF-2α inhibitor belzutifan (MK-6482, previously called PT2977), administered orally at a dose of 120 mg daily, in patients with renal cell carcinoma associated with VHL disease. The primary end point was objective response (complete or partial response) as measured according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1, by an independent central radiology review committee. We also assessed responses to belzutifan in patients with non-renal cell carcinoma neoplasms and the safety of belzutifan. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 21.8 months (range, 20.2 to 30.1), the percentage of patients with renal cell carcinoma who had an objective response was 49% (95% confidence interval, 36 to 62). Responses were also observed in patients with pancreatic lesions (47 of 61 patients [77%]) and central nervous system hemangioblastomas (15 of 50 patients [30%]). Among the 16 eyes that could be evaluated in 12 patients with retinal hemangioblastomas at baseline, all (100%) were graded as showing improvement. The most common adverse events were anemia (in 90% of the patients) and fatigue (in 66%). Seven patients discontinued treatment: four patients voluntarily discontinued, one discontinued owing to a treatment-related adverse event (grade 1 dizziness), one discontinued because of disease progression as assessed by the investigator, and one patient died (of acute toxic effects of fentanyl). CONCLUSIONS Belzutifan was associated with predominantly grade 1 and 2 adverse events and showed activity in patients with renal cell carcinomas and non-renal cell carcinoma neoplasms associated with VHL disease. (Funded by Merck Sharp and Dohme and others; MK-6482-004 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03401788.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Jonasch
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Frede Donskov
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Othon Iliopoulos
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Vivek K Narayan
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Benjamin L Maughan
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Stephane Oudard
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Tobias Else
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Jodi K Maranchie
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Sarah J Welsh
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Sanjay Thamake
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Eric K Park
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Rodolfo F Perini
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - W Marston Linehan
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| | - Ramaprasad Srinivasan
- From the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (E.J.); Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston (O.I.); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (W.K.R.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (V.K.N.); the University of Utah, Salt Lake City (B.L.M.); Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, University of Paris, Paris (S.O.); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (T.E.); the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (J.K.M.); Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (S.J.W.); Merck, Kenilworth, NJ (S.T., E.K.P., R.F.P.); and the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (W.M.L., R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Zheng Y, Liu Z, Yang X, Liu L, Ahn KS. An updated review on the potential antineoplastic actions of oleuropein. Phytother Res 2021; 36:365-379. [PMID: 34808696 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein is an ester of elenolic acid and hydroxytyrosol (3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethanol). It is a phenolic compound and the most luxuriant in olives. The detailed information related to the anticancer effects of oleuropein was collected from the internet database PubMed/Medline, ResearchGate, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Cnki using appropriate keywords until the end of October 2021. Oleuropein has been shown to have antioxidant, anticancer, antiinflammatory, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. Previous studies also revealed that oleuropein could effectively inhibit the malignant progression of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and cervical cancer. Recently, the role of oleuropein in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and inducing tumor cell apoptosis has gained extensive attention. In this review, we have summarized the latest research progress related to the antioncogenic mechanisms and the potential role of oleuropein in targeting different human malignancies. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that oleuropein can function as a promising chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent against cancer, but its more detailed anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms need to be further validated in future preclinical as well as clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiulan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Kyung Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Restraint of Fumarate Accrual by HIF-1α Preserves miR-27a-Mediated Limitation of Interleukin 10 during Infection of Macrophages by Histoplasma capsulatum. mBio 2021; 12:e0271021. [PMID: 34749531 PMCID: PMC8576535 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02710-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) regulates the immunometabolic phenotype of macrophages, including the orchestration of inflammatory and antimicrobial processes. Macrophages deficient in HIF-1α produce excessive quantities of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) during infection with the intracellular fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum (R. A. Fecher, M. C. Horwath, D. Friedrich, J. Rupp, G. S. Deepe, J Immunol 197:565–579, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1600342). Thus, the macrophage fails to become activated in response to proinflammatory cytokines and remains the intracellular niche of the pathogen. Here, we identify the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolite fumarate as the driver of IL-10 during macrophage infection with H. capsulatum in the absence of HIF-1α. Accumulation of fumarate reduced expression of a HIF-1α-dependent microRNA (miRNA), miR-27a, known to mediate decay of Il10 mRNA. Inhibition of fumarate accrual in vivo limited IL-10 and fungal growth. Our data demonstrate the critical role of HIF-1α in shaping appropriate TCA cycle activity in response to infection and highlight the consequences of a dysregulated immunometabolic response.
Collapse
|
106
|
Pre-acclimation to altitude in young adults: choosing a hypoxic pattern at sea level which provokes significant haematological adaptations. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 122:395-407. [PMID: 34750724 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This single-blind, repeated measures study evaluated adaptive and maladaptive responses to continuous and intermittent hypoxic patterns in young adults. METHODS Changes in haematological profile, stress and cardiac damage were measured in ten healthy young participants during three phases: (1) breathing normoxic air (baseline); (2) breathing normoxic air via a mask (Sham-controls); (3) breathing intermittent hypoxia (IH) via a mask, mean peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) of 85% ~ 70 min of hypoxia. After a 5-month washout period, participants repeated this three-phase protocol with phase, (4) consisting of continuous hypoxia (CH), mean SpO2 = 85%, ~ 70 min of hypoxia. Measures of the red blood cell count (RBCc), haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), haematocrit (Hct), percentage of reticulocytes (% Retics), secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA), cortisol, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and the erythropoietic stimulation index (calculated OFF-score) were compared across treatments. RESULTS Despite identical hypoxic durations at the same fixed SpO2, no significant effects were observed in either CH or Sham-CH control, compared to baseline. While IH and Sham-IH controls demonstrated significant increases in: RBCc; [Hb]; Hct; and the erythropoietic stimulation index. Notably, the % Retics decreased significantly in response to IH (-31.9%) or Sham-IH control (-23.6%), highlighting the importance of including Sham-controls. No difference was observed in S-IgA, cortisol or cTnT. CONCLUSION The IH but not CH pattern significantly increased key adaptive haematological responses, without maladaptive increases in S-IgA, cortisol or cTnT, indicating that the IH hypoxic pattern would be the best method to boost haematological profiles prior to ascent to altitude.
Collapse
|
107
|
Vilaplana-Lopera N, Besh M, Moon EJ. Targeting Hypoxia: Revival of Old Remedies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1604. [PMID: 34827602 PMCID: PMC8615589 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour hypoxia is significantly correlated with patient survival and treatment outcomes. At the molecular level, hypoxia is a major driving factor for tumour progression and aggressiveness. Despite the accumulative scientific and clinical efforts to target hypoxia, there is still a need to find specific treatments for tumour hypoxia. In this review, we discuss a variety of approaches to alter the low oxygen tumour microenvironment or hypoxia pathways including carbogen breathing, hyperthermia, hypoxia-activated prodrugs, tumour metabolism and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitors. The recent advances in technology and biological understanding reveal the importance of revisiting old therapeutic regimens and repurposing their uses clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eui Jung Moon
- Department of Oncology, MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington OX3 7DQ, UK; (N.V.-L.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Sun Y, Zhou Z, Yang S, Yang H. Modulating hypoxia inducible factor-1 by nanomaterials for effective cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 14:e1766. [PMID: 34713633 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, which is induced by abnormal tumor growth when it outstrips its oxygen supply, is a major character of cancer. The reaction of cells against hypoxia is mainly concentrated on the hypoxia-induced transcription factors (HIFs), especially HIF-1, which remain stabilized during hypoxia. Additionally, the oxygen-independent mechanism of regulating HIF-1 acts a vital part in different stages of tumor progression as well as chemo-/radio-/PDT resistance, resulting in poor curative effects and prognosis. In this review, we will outline the up-to-date information about how HIF-1 interferes with tumor metastasis and therapy resistance, followed by a detailed introduction of motivating techniques based on various nanomaterials to interfere with HIF signaling for effective cancer therapy. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiping Yang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Olson KR. A Case for Hydrogen Sulfide Metabolism as an Oxygen Sensing Mechanism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111650. [PMID: 34829521 PMCID: PMC8615108 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to detect oxygen availability is a ubiquitous attribute of aerobic organisms. However, the mechanism(s) that transduce oxygen concentration or availability into appropriate physiological responses is less clear and often controversial. This review will make the case for oxygen-dependent metabolism of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and polysulfides, collectively referred to as reactive sulfur species (RSS) as a physiologically relevant O2 sensing mechanism. This hypothesis is based on observations that H2S and RSS metabolism is inversely correlated with O2 tension, exogenous H2S elicits physiological responses identical to those produced by hypoxia, factors that affect H2S production or catabolism also affect tissue responses to hypoxia, and that RSS efficiently regulate downstream effectors of the hypoxic response in a manner consistent with a decrease in O2. H2S-mediated O2 sensing is then compared to the more generally accepted reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated O2 sensing mechanism and a number of reasons are offered to resolve some of the confusion between the two.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Olson
- Department of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Eckardt L, Prange-Barczynska M, Hodson EJ, Fielding JW, Cheng X, Lima JDCC, Kurlekar S, Douglas G, Ratcliffe PJ, Bishop T. Developmental role of PHD2 in the pathogenesis of pseudohypoxic pheochromocytoma. Endocr Relat Cancer 2021; 28:757-772. [PMID: 34658364 PMCID: PMC8558849 DOI: 10.1530/erc-21-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite a general role for the HIF hydroxylase system in cellular oxygen sensing and tumour hypoxia, cancer-associated mutations of genes in this pathway, including PHD2, PHD1, EPAS1 (encoding HIF-2α) are highly tissue-restricted, being observed in pseudohypoxic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) but rarely, if ever, in other tumours. In an effort to understand that paradox and gain insights into the pathogenesis of pseudohypoxic PPGL, we constructed mice in which the principal HIF prolyl hydroxylase, Phd2, is inactivated in the adrenal medulla using TH-restricted Cre recombinase. Investigation of these animals revealed a gene expression pattern closely mimicking that of pseudohypoxic PPGL. Spatially resolved analyses demonstrated a binary distribution of two contrasting patterns of gene expression among adrenal medullary cells. Phd2 inactivation resulted in a marked shift in this distribution towards a Pnmt-/Hif-2α+/Rgs5+ population. This was associated with morphological abnormalities of adrenal development, including ectopic TH+ cells within the adrenal cortex and external to the adrenal gland. These changes were ablated by combined inactivation of Phd2 with Hif-2α, but not Hif-1α. However, they could not be reproduced by inactivation of Phd2 in adult life, suggesting that they arise from dysregulation of this pathway during adrenal development. Together with the clinical observation that pseudohypoxic PPGL manifests remarkably high heritability, our findings suggest that this type of tumour likely arises from dysregulation of a tissue-restricted action of the PHD2/HIF-2α pathway affecting adrenal development in early life and provides a model for the study of the relevant processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luise Eckardt
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Prange-Barczynska
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma J Hodson
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- The Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James W Fielding
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiaotong Cheng
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Samvid Kurlekar
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gillian Douglas
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter J Ratcliffe
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to P J Ratcliffe or T Bishop: or
| | - Tammie Bishop
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to P J Ratcliffe or T Bishop: or
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Semenza GL. Heritable disorders of oxygen sensing. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3334-3339. [PMID: 34655169 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) activate gene transcription in response to reduced O2 availability and play critical roles in development, physiology, and disease pathogenesis. Mutations that dysregulate HIF activity are the genetic basis for tumor predisposition in the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and excess red blood cell production in hereditary erythrocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregg L Semenza
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Ross SH, Rollings CM, Cantrell DA. Quantitative Analyses Reveal How Hypoxia Reconfigures the Proteome of Primary Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712402. [PMID: 34603285 PMCID: PMC8484760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic and nutrient-sensing pathways play an important role in controlling the efficacy of effector T cells. Oxygen is a critical regulator of cellular metabolism. However, during immune responses T cells must function in oxygen-deficient, or hypoxic, environments. Here, we used high resolution mass spectrometry to investigate how the proteome of primary murine CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is reconfigured in response to hypoxia in vitro. We identified and quantified over 7,600 proteins and discovered that hypoxia increased the abundance of a selected number of proteins in CTLs. This included glucose transporters, metabolic enzymes, transcription factors, cytolytic effector molecules, checkpoint receptors and adhesion molecules. While some of these proteins may augment the effector functions of CTLs, others may limit their cytotoxicity. Moreover, we determined that hypoxia could inhibit IL-2-induced proliferation cues and antigen-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in CTLs. These data provide a comprehensive resource for understanding the magnitude of the CTL response to hypoxia and emphasise the importance of oxygen-sensing pathways for controlling CD8+ T cells. Additionally, this study provides new understanding about how hypoxia may promote the effector function of CTLs, while contributing to their dysfunction in some contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Ross
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Christina M Rollings
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Doreen A Cantrell
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Zheng Q, Lu W, Yan H, Duan X, Chen Y, Zhang C, Luo X, Chen J, Wang C, Liu S, Li Y, Tang H, Rahimi S, Rahimi S, Yuan JXJ, Zhong N, Yang K, Wang J. Established pulmonary hypertension in rats was reversed by a combination of a HIF-2α antagonist and a p53 agonist. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1065-1081. [PMID: 34599843 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent studies reported therapeutic effects of monotherapy with either tumour suppressor p53 (p53) agonist or hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) antagonist for pulmonary hypertension (PH). This study investigated whether a combined treatment of p53 agonist, Nutlin3a, and HIF-2α antagonist, PT2385, would be more effective than monotherapy, based on the cell type-divergent regulation of p53 in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and endothelial cells (PAEC) in patients and animals with PH. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The SU5416/hypoxia-induced PH (SuHx-PH) rat model was used, along with cultured human PASMC and PAEC. Western blot, RT-PCR, siRNA and immunohistochemical methods were used along with echocardiography and studies with isolated pulmonary arteries. KEY RESULTS Hypoxia-induced proliferation of PASMC is associated with decreased p53, whereas hypoxia-induced PAEC apoptosis is associated with increased p53, via a HIF-2α-dependent mechanism. Combined treatment with Nutlin3a and PT2385 is more effective by simultaneously inhibiting the hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and PAEC apoptosis, overcoming the side-effects of monotherapy. These are (i) Nutlin3a exacerbates hypoxia-induced PAEC apoptosis by inducing p53 in PAEC and (ii) PT2385 inhibits PAEC apoptosis because HIF-2α is predominantly expressed in PAEC but lacks direct effects on the hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation. In rats, combination treatment is more effective than monotherapy in reversing established SuHx-PH, especially in protecting pulmonary arterial vasculature, by normalizing smooth muscle thickening, protecting against endothelial damage and improving function. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Combination treatment confers greater therapeutic efficacy against PH through a selective modulation of p53 and HIF-2α in PASMC and PAEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shamin Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shayan Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Ikeda H, Kakeya H. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling with natural products toward cancer chemotherapy. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:687-695. [PMID: 34331027 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells are often exposed to hypoxia because of the lower oxygen supply deep inside the tumor tissues. However, tumor cells survive in these severe conditions by adapting to hypoxic stress through the induction of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling. HIF-1 activation is responsible for the expression of numerous HIF-1 target genes, which are related to cell survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, cancer stemness, and metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, HIF-1 is expected to be a potential pharmacological target for cancer therapy. Small molecules derived from natural products (microbial origin, plant-derived, or marine organisms) have been shown to have unique chemical structures and biological activities, including HIF-1 inhibition. Several studies identified HIF-1 inhibitors from natural products. In this review, we summarize the current HIF-1 signaling inhibitors originating from natural products with a variety of modes of action, mainly focusing on microbial metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ikeda
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Samoylenko A, Kögler M, Zhyvolozhnyi A, Makieieva O, Bart G, Andoh SS, Roussey M, Vainio SJ, Hiltunen J. Time-gated Raman spectroscopy and proteomics analyses of hypoxic and normoxic renal carcinoma extracellular vesicles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19594. [PMID: 34599227 PMCID: PMC8486794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse group of small membrane-encapsulated particles involved in cell-cell communication, but the technologies to characterize EVs are still limited. Hypoxia is a typical condition in solid tumors, and cancer-derived EVs support tumor growth and invasion of tissues by tumor cells. We found that exposure of renal adenocarcinoma cells to hypoxia induced EV secretion and led to notable changes in the EV protein cargo in comparison to normoxia. Proteomics analysis showed overrepresentation of proteins involved in adhesion, such as integrins, in hypoxic EV samples. We further assessed the efficacy of time-gated Raman spectroscopy (TG-RS) and surface-enhanced time-gated Raman spectroscopy (TG-SERS) to characterize EVs. While the conventional continuous wave excitation Raman spectroscopy did not provide a notable signal, prominent signals were obtained with the TG-RS that were further enhanced in the TG-SERS. The Raman signal showed characteristic changes in the amide regions due to alteration in the chemical bonds of the EV proteins. The results illustrate that the TG-RS and the TG-SERS are promising label free technologies to study cellular impact of external stimuli, such as oxygen deficiency, on EV production, as well as differences arising from distinct EV purification protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoliy Samoylenko
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu and Kvantum Institute, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Martin Kögler
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 90570, Oulu, Finland
| | - Artem Zhyvolozhnyi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu and Kvantum Institute, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olha Makieieva
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu and Kvantum Institute, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Geneviève Bart
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu and Kvantum Institute, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sampson S Andoh
- Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Matthieu Roussey
- Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Seppo J Vainio
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu and Kvantum Institute, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jussi Hiltunen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 90570, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Bellelli A, Tame JRH. Hemoglobin allostery and pharmacology. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 84:101037. [PMID: 34600771 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen demands of the human body require the constant circulation of blood carrying an enormous concentration of hemoglobin (Hb). Oxygen transport depends not only on the amount of Hb, but also on the control over the affinity of the protein for the gas, which can be optimized for the environmental conditions by changes in the concentration of effectors (hydrogen ions, chloride, CO2, and DPG) inside the red cell. Some pathological conditions affecting Hb may benefit from pharmacological interventions to increase or decrease its affinity for oxygen, or otherwise modify its properties, or alter its biosynthesis. Examples of such conditions include sickle cell anemia, thalassemias and inherited hemoglobinopathies. Effective and safe drugs such as voxelotor, bezafibrate and efaproxiral are available that significantly increase or decrease Hb oxygen affinity. Some medical conditions not directly affecting the blood or its oxygen carrying capacity may also be relieved by the manipulation of Hb. For example, the standard treatment of acute cyanide poisoning requires the oxidation of a fraction of the Hb in the bloodstream so that it efficiently scavenges cyanide. Tumors are often extremely hypoxic and therefore strongly resistant to radiotherapy; the sensitivity of cancerous tissue to X-rays may be increased by improved oxygenation through drugs binding Hb. This review attempts to provide a systematic exploration of the pharmacology of Hb, its molecular basis, and its intended and possible uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bellelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Jeremy R H Tame
- Drug Design Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Lee SH, Golinska M, Griffiths JR. HIF-1-Independent Mechanisms Regulating Metabolic Adaptation in Hypoxic Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:2371. [PMID: 34572020 PMCID: PMC8472468 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In solid tumours, cancer cells exist within hypoxic microenvironments, and their metabolic adaptation to this hypoxia is driven by HIF-1 transcription factor, which is overexpressed in a broad range of human cancers. HIF inhibitors are under pre-clinical investigation and clinical trials, but there is evidence that hypoxic cancer cells can adapt metabolically to HIF-1 inhibition, which would provide a potential route for drug resistance. Here, we review accumulating evidence of such adaptions in carbohydrate and creatine metabolism and other HIF-1-independent mechanisms that might allow cancers to survive hypoxia despite anti-HIF-1 therapy. These include pathways in glucose, glutamine, and lipid metabolism; epigenetic mechanisms; post-translational protein modifications; spatial reorganization of enzymes; signalling pathways such as Myc, PI3K-Akt, 2-hyxdroxyglutarate and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); and activation of the HIF-2 pathway. All of these should be investigated in future work on hypoxia bypass mechanisms in anti-HIF-1 cancer therapy. In principle, agents targeted toward HIF-1β rather than HIF-1α might be advantageous, as both HIF-1 and HIF-2 require HIF-1β for activation. However, HIF-1β is also the aryl hydrocarbon nuclear transporter (ARNT), which has functions in many tissues, so off-target effects should be expected. In general, cancer therapy by HIF inhibition will need careful attention to potential resistance mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Han Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, KM6 Jalan Langgar, Alor Setar 05460, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Monika Golinska
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK; (M.G.); (J.R.G.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - John R. Griffiths
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK; (M.G.); (J.R.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Abstract
In this review, Lee and Olefsky discuss the characteristics of chronic inflammation in the major metabolic tissues and how obesity triggers these events, including a focus on the role of adipose tissue hypoxia and macrophage-derived exosomes. Obesity is the most common cause of insulin resistance, and the current obesity epidemic is driving a parallel rise in the incidence of T2DM. It is now widely recognized that chronic, subacute tissue inflammation is a major etiologic component of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of immunometabolism. We discuss the characteristics of chronic inflammation in the major metabolic tissues and how obesity triggers these events, including a focus on the role of adipose tissue hypoxia and macrophage-derived exosomes. Last, we also review current and potential new therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sok Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Jerrold Olefsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Watts D, Bechmann N, Meneses A, Poutakidou IK, Kaden D, Conrad C, Krüger A, Stein J, El-Armouche A, Chavakis T, Eisenhofer G, Peitzsch M, Wielockx B. HIF2α regulates the synthesis and release of epinephrine in the adrenal medulla. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1655-1666. [PMID: 34480587 PMCID: PMC8542008 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The adrenal gland and its hormones regulate numerous fundamental biological processes; however, the impact of hypoxia signaling on adrenal function remains poorly understood. Here, we reveal that deficiency of HIF (hypoxia inducible factors) prolyl hydroxylase domain protein-2 (PHD2) in the adrenal medulla of mice results in HIF2α-mediated reduction in phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) expression, and consequent reduction in epinephrine synthesis. Simultaneous loss of PHD2 in renal erythropoietin (EPO)-producing cells (REPCs) stimulated HIF2α-driven EPO overproduction, excessive RBC formation (erythrocytosis), and systemic hypoglycemia, which is necessary and sufficient to enhance exocytosis of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla. Based on these results, we propose that the PHD2-HIF2α axis in the adrenal medulla regulates the synthesis of epinephrine, whereas in REPCs, it indirectly induces the release of this hormone. Our findings are also highly relevant to the testing of small molecule PHD inhibitors in phase III clinical trials for patients with renal anemia. KEY MESSAGES: HIF2α and not HIF1α modulates PNMT during epinephrine synthesis in chromaffin cells. The PHD2-HIF2α-EPO axis induces erythrocytosis and hypoglycemia. Reduced systemic glucose facilitates exocytosis of epinephrine from adrenal gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Watts
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Bechmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ana Meneses
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ioanna K Poutakidou
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Denise Kaden
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catleen Conrad
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Krüger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Stein
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ali El-Armouche
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Burrows N, Maxwell PH. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2 inhibitors show promise in advanced kidney cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2021; 18:516-517. [PMID: 34083800 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Burrows
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, The Keith Peters Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick H Maxwell
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, The Keith Peters Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK. .,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Knutson AK, Williams AL, Boisvert WA, Shohet RV. HIF in the heart: development, metabolism, ischemia, and atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:137557. [PMID: 34623330 DOI: 10.1172/jci137557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart forms early in development and delivers oxygenated blood to the rest of the embryo. After birth, the heart requires kilograms of ATP each day to support contractility for the circulation. Cardiac metabolism is omnivorous, utilizing multiple substrates and metabolic pathways to produce this energy. Cardiac development, metabolic tuning, and the response to ischemia are all regulated in part by the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), central components of essential signaling pathways that respond to hypoxia. Here we review the actions of HIF1, HIF2, and HIF3 in the heart, from their roles in development and metabolism to their activity in regeneration and preconditioning strategies. We also discuss recent work on the role of HIFs in atherosclerosis, the precipitating cause of myocardial ischemia and the leading cause of death in the developed world.
Collapse
|
122
|
Zhai D, Xu Y, Abdelghany L, Zhang X, Liang J, Zhang S, Guo C, Li TS. Hydrostatic pressure stabilizes HIF‑1α expression in cancer cells to protect against oxidative damage during metastasis. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:211. [PMID: 34368876 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The tissue microenvironment is known to play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure generally increases along with the rapid growth of malignant tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and relevant mechanism of elevated hydrostatic pressure in promoting the metastasis of cancer cells. Using a commercial device, Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells were exposed to 50 mmHg hydrostatic pressure (HP) for 24 h. The survival time and morphology of the cells did not notably change; however, the results from a PCR array revealed the upregulation of numerous metastasis‑promoting genes (Hgf, Cdh11 and Ephb2) and the downregulation of metastasis suppressing genes (Kiss1, Syk and Htatip2). In addition, compared with that in the control, the cells which had undergone exposure to 50 mmHg HP showed significantly higher protein expression level of HIF‑1α and the antioxidant enzymes, SOD1 and SOD2, as well as improved tolerance to oxidative stress (P<0.05 vs. control). Following an intravenous injection of the LLC cells into healthy mice, to induce lung metastasis, it was found that the exposure of the LLC cells to 50 mmHg HP for 24 h, prior to injection into the mice, resulted in higher cell survival/retention in the lungs 24 h later and also resulted in more metastatic tumor lesions 4 weeks later (P<0.05 vs. control). Further investigation is required to confirm the molecular mechanism; however, the results from the present study suggested that elevated interstitial fluid HP in malignant tumors may promote the metastasis of cancer cells by stabilizing HIF‑1α expression to defend against oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhai
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852‑8523, Japan
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852‑8523, Japan
| | - Lina Abdelghany
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852‑8523, Japan
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852‑8523, Japan
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, P.R. China
| | - Shuohua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Changying Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852‑8523, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Romero Y, Aquino-Gálvez A. Hypoxia in Cancer and Fibrosis: Part of the Problem and Part of the Solution. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8335. [PMID: 34361103 PMCID: PMC8348404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive responses to hypoxia are involved in the progression of lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis. However, it has not been pointed out that hypoxia may be the link between these diseases. As tumors or scars expand, a lack of oxygen results in the activation of the hypoxia response, promoting cell survival even during chronic conditions. The role of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) as master regulators of this adaptation is crucial in both lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which have shown the active transcriptional signature of this pathway. Emerging evidence suggests that interconnected feedback loops such as metabolic changes, fibroblast differentiation or extracellular matrix remodeling contribute to HIF overactivation, making it an irreversible phenomenon. This review will focus on the role of HIF signaling and its possible overlapping in order to identify new opportunities in therapy and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Choi JU, Lee NK, Seo H, Chung SW, Al-Hilal TA, Park SJ, Kweon S, Min N, Kim SK, Ahn S, Kim UI, Park JW, Kang CY, Kim IS, Kim SY, Kim K, Byun Y. Anticoagulation therapy promotes the tumor immune-microenvironment and potentiates the efficacy of immunotherapy by alleviating hypoxia. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002332. [PMID: 34341129 PMCID: PMC8330593 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Here, this study verifies that cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) accelerates hypoxia, which is detrimental to the tumor immune microenvironment by limiting tumor perfusion. Therefore, we designed an oral anticoagulant therapy to improve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and potentiate the efficacy of immunotherapy by alleviating tumor hypoxia. Experimental design A novel oral anticoagulant (STP3725) was developed to consistently prevent CAT formation. Tumor perfusion and hypoxia were analyzed with or without treating STP3725 in wild-type and P selectin knockout mice. Immunosuppressive cytokines and cells were analyzed to evaluate the alteration of the tumor microenvironment. Effector lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissue was assessed by congenic CD45.1 mouse lymphocyte transfer model with or without anticoagulant therapy. Finally, various tumor models including K-Ras mutant spontaneous cancer model were employed to validate the role of the anticoagulation therapy in enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy. Results CAT was demonstrated to be one of the perfusion barriers, which fosters immunosuppressive microenvironment by accelerating tumor hypoxia. Consistent treatment of oral anticoagulation therapy was proved to promote tumor immunity by alleviating hypoxia. Furthermore, this resulted in decrease of both hypoxia-related immunosuppressive cytokines and myeloid-derived suppressor cells while improving the spatial distribution of effector lymphocytes and their activity. The anticancer efficacy of αPD-1 antibody was potentiated by co-treatment with STP3725, also confirmed in various tumor models including the K-Ras mutant mouse model, which is highly thrombotic. Conclusions Collectively, these findings establish a rationale for a new and translational combination strategy of oral anticoagulation therapy with immunotherapy, especially for treating highly thrombotic cancers. The combination therapy of anticoagulants with immunotherapies can lead to substantial improvements of current approaches in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Uk Choi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
| | - Na Kyeong Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
| | - Hyungseok Seo
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Seung Woo Chung
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Taslim A Al-Hilal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Seong Jin Park
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
| | - Seho Kweon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nuri Min
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Kyoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seohyun Ahn
- ST Pharm Research & Development Center, Siheung-si, South Korea
| | - Uk-Il Kim
- ST Pharm Research & Development Center, Siheung-si, South Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | - Chang-Yuil Kang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
| | - In-San Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seongbuk-gu, South Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungjin Kim
- ST Pharm Research & Development Center, Siheung-si, South Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Wang Y, Lyu Y, Tu K, Xu Q, Yang Y, Salman S, Le N, Lu H, Chen C, Zhu Y, Wang R, Liu Q, Semenza GL. Histone citrullination by PADI4 is required for HIF-dependent transcriptional responses to hypoxia and tumor vascularization. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/35/eabe3771. [PMID: 34452909 PMCID: PMC8397272 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) activate transcription of target genes by recruiting coactivators and chromatin-modifying enzymes. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) catalyzes the deimination of histone arginine residues to citrulline. Here, we demonstrate that PADI4 expression is induced by hypoxia in a HIF-dependent manner in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PADI4, in turn, is recruited by HIFs to hypoxia response elements (HREs) and is required for HIF target gene transcription. Hypoxia induces histone citrullination at HREs that is PADI4 and HIF dependent. RNA sequencing revealed that almost all HIF target genes in breast cancer cells are PADI4 dependent. PADI4 is required for breast and liver tumor growth and angiogenesis in mice. PADI4 expression is correlated with HIF-1α expression and vascularization in human breast cancer biopsies. Thus, HIF-dependent recruitment of PADI4 to target genes and local histone citrullination are required for transcriptional responses to hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajing Lyu
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongkang Yang
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shaima Salman
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nguyet Le
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Haiquan Lu
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chelsey Chen
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yayun Zhu
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ru Wang
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Departments of Genetic Medicine, Pediatrics, Medicine, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Wozny AS, Gauthier A, Alphonse G, Malésys C, Varoclier V, Beuve M, Brichart-Vernos D, Magné N, Vial N, Ardail D, Nakajima T, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C. Involvement of HIF-1α in the Detection, Signaling, and Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks after Photon and Carbon-Ion Irradiation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153833. [PMID: 34359734 PMCID: PMC8345054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α (HIF-1α), the main regulator of the oxygen homeostasis, promotes cancer cell survival through proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and radioresistance. Previously, our group demonstrated that silencing HIF-1α under hypoxia leads to a substantial radiosensitization of Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) cells after both photons and carbon-ions, probably resulting from an accumulation of deleterious complex DNA damage. In this study, we aimed at determining the potential role of HIF-1α in the detection, signaling, and repair of DNA Double-Strand-Breaks (DSBs) in response to both irradiations, under hypoxia, in two HNSCC cell lines and their subpopulations of Cancer-Stem Cells (CSCs). Silencing HIF-1α under hypoxia led us to demonstrate the involvement of this transcriptional regulator in DSB repair in non-CSCS and CSC, thus highlighting its targeting together with radiation as a promising therapeutic strategy against radioresistant tumor cells in hypoxic niches. Abstract Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α (HIF-1α), which promotes cancer cell survival, is the main regulator of oxygen homeostasis. Hypoxia combined with photon and carbon ion irradiation (C-ions) stabilizes HIF-1α. Silencing HIF-1α under hypoxia leads to substantial radiosensitization of Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) cells after both photons and C-ions. Thus, this study aimed to clarify a potential involvement of HIF-1α in the detection, signaling, and repair of DNA Double-Strand-Breaks (DSBs) in response to both irradiations, in two HNSCC cell lines and their subpopulations of Cancer-Stem Cells (CSCs). After confirming the nucleoshuttling of HIF-1α in response to both exposure under hypoxia, we showed that silencing HIF-1α in non-CSCs and CSCs decreased the initiation of the DSB detection (P-ATM), and increased the residual phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) foci. While HIF-1α silencing did not modulate 53BP1 expression, P-DNA-PKcs (NHEJ-c) and RAD51 (HR) signals decreased. Altogether, our experiments demonstrate the involvement of HIF-1α in the detection and signaling of DSBs, but also in the main repair pathways (NHEJ-c and HR), without favoring one of them. Combining HIF-1α silencing with both types of radiation could therefore present a potential therapeutic benefit of targeting CSCs mostly present in tumor hypoxic niches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Wozny
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Arnaud Gauthier
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Gersende Alphonse
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Céline Malésys
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
| | - Virginie Varoclier
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
| | - Michael Beuve
- Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, 69100 Villeurbanne, France;
| | - Delphine Brichart-Vernos
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
| | - Nicolas Magné
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, Institute of Cancerology Lucien Neuwirth, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Nicolas Vial
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, Institute of Cancerology Lucien Neuwirth, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Dominique Ardail
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
| | - Tetsuo Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan;
| | - Claire Rodriguez-Lafrasse
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Univ Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; (A.-S.W.); (A.G.); (G.A.); (C.M.); (V.V.); (D.B.-V.); (N.M.); (N.V.); (D.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-426-235-965
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Igarashi K, Nishizawa H, Saiki Y, Matsumoto M. The transcription factor BACH1 at the crossroads of cancer biology: From epithelial-mesenchymal transition to ferroptosis. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101032. [PMID: 34339740 PMCID: PMC8387770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of cancer involves not only the gradual evolution of cells by mutations in DNA but also alterations in the gene expression induced by those mutations and input from the surrounding microenvironment. Such alterations contribute to cancer cells' abilities to reprogram metabolic pathways and undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which facilitate the survival of cancer cells and their metastasis to other organs. Recently, BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1), a heme-regulated transcription factor that represses genes involved in iron and heme metabolism in normal cells, was shown to shape the metabolism and metastatic potential of cancer cells. The growing list of BACH1 target genes in cancer cells reveals that BACH1 promotes metastasis by regulating various sets of genes beyond iron metabolism. BACH1 represses the expression of genes that mediate cell–cell adhesion and oxidative phosphorylation but activates the expression of genes required for glycolysis, cell motility, and matrix protein degradation. Furthermore, BACH1 represses FOXA1 gene encoding an activator of epithelial genes and activates SNAI2 encoding a repressor of epithelial genes, forming a feedforward loop of EMT. By synthesizing these observations, we propose a “two-faced BACH1 model”, which accounts for the dynamic switching between metastasis and stress resistance along with cancer progression. We discuss here the possibility that BACH1-mediated promotion of cancer also brings increased sensitivity to iron-dependent cell death (ferroptosis) through crosstalk of BACH1 target genes, imposing programmed vulnerability upon cancer cells. We also discuss the future directions of this field, including the dynamics and plasticity of EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Hironari Nishizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuriko Saiki
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Gastelum G, Veena M, Lyons K, Lamb C, Jacobs N, Yamada A, Baibussinov A, Sarafyan M, Shamis R, Kraut J, Frost P. Can Targeting Hypoxia-Mediated Acidification of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment Kill Myeloma Tumor Cells? Front Oncol 2021; 11:703878. [PMID: 34350119 PMCID: PMC8327776 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.703878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer arising from malignant plasma cells that engraft in the bone marrow (BM). The physiology of these cancer cells within the BM microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in MM development. These processes may be similar to what has been observed in the TME of other (non-hematological) solid tumors. It has been long reported that within the BM, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), increased angiogenesis and microvessel density, and activation of hypoxia-induced transcription factors (HIF) are correlated with MM progression but despite a great deal of effort and some modest preclinical success the overall clinical efficacy of using anti-angiogenic and hypoxia-targeting strategies, has been limited. This review will explore the hypothesis that the TME of MM engrafted in the BM is distinctly different from non-hematological-derived solid tumors calling into question how effective these strategies may be against MM. We further identify other hypoxia-mediated effectors, such as hypoxia-mediated acidification of the TME, oxygen-dependent metabolic changes, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), that may prove to be more effective targets against MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Gastelum
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Research, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mysore Veena
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Research, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kylee Lyons
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christopher Lamb
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Jacobs
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alexandra Yamada
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alisher Baibussinov
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Martin Sarafyan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rebeka Shamis
- Department of Research, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jeffry Kraut
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Research, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Patrick Frost
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Research, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Hypoxia, Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071764. [PMID: 34359934 PMCID: PMC8305108 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a potentially reversible pathophysiological event, leading to excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and taking place as the net result of liver fibrogenesis, a dynamic and highly integrated process occurring during chronic liver injury of any etiology. Liver fibrogenesis and fibrosis, together with chronic inflammatory response, are primarily involved in the progression of chronic liver diseases (CLD). As is well known, a major role in fibrogenesis and fibrosis is played by activated myofibroblasts (MFs), as well as by macrophages and other hepatic cell populations involved in CLD progression. In the present review, we will focus the attention on the emerging pathogenic role of hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and related mediators in the fibrogenic progression of CLD.
Collapse
|
130
|
Tarantul VZ, Gavrilenko AV. Gene therapy for critical limb ischemia: Per aspera ad astra. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 22:214-227. [PMID: 34254916 DOI: 10.2174/1566523221666210712185742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery diseases remain a serious public health problem. Although there are many traditional methods for their treatment using conservative therapeutic techniques and surgery, gene therapy is an alternative and potentially more effective treatment option especially for "no option" patients. This review treats the results of many years of research and application of gene therapy as an example of treatment of patients with critical limb ischemia. Data on successful and unsuccessful attempts to use this technology for treating this disease are presented. Trends in changing the paradigm of approaches to therapeutic angiogenesis are noted: from viral vectors to non-viral vectors, from gene transfer to the whole organism to targeted transfer to cells and tissues, from single gene use to combination of genes; from DNA therapy to RNA therapy, from in vivo therapy to ex vivo therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav Z Tarantul
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of Molecular Genetics, Moscow 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Gavrilenko
- A.V.¬ Petrovsky Russian Scientific Center for Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Wang J, Liu R, Wang Y, Mo H, Niu Y, Xu Q, Liu Q. Repression of the miR-627-5p by histone deacetylase 3 contributes to hypoxia-induced hepatocellular carcinoma progression. J Cancer 2021; 12:5320-5330. [PMID: 34335948 PMCID: PMC8317525 DOI: 10.7150/jca.58697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common solid tumors globally. Our previous studies revealed that miR-627-5p suppresses HCC progression via targeting BCL3/CCND1 pathway. However, the molecular mechanism by which miR-627-5p was downregulated in HCC remains to be further elucidated. As a hallmark of solid tumors, hypoxia results in the rapid growth, strongly potential invasion and high frequent metastasis of cancer cells. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), mainly including HIF-1 and HIF-2, are the classical transcription factors which mediate hypoxia-related gene transcription. Here, we demonstrated that miR-627-5p was repressed by hypoxia in a HIF-1-dependent manner in HCC cells. But HIF-1 regulated miR-627-5p expression not directly through the hypoxia-response element (HRE) sites of MIR627 gene. In contrast, histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) was identified as a HIF-1 target gene, and the occupancy of HIF-1 to HRE site was essential for hypoxia-mediated HDAC3 induction. And upregulated HDAC3 was closely related to the malignant clinical and pathological characteristics and worse prognosis of HCC. Furthermore, HDAC3-mediated histone deacetylation in promoter region of MIR627 was critical for hypoxia-mediated miR-627-5p repression. And miR-627-5p mediated the effects of hypoxic condition on HCC progression. Thus, this study has revealed that miR-627-5p was repressed by hypoxia under the mediation of HDAC3 in HCC, and there existed a HIF-1α/HDAC3/miR-627-5p/BCL3/CCND1 signal pathway in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Runkun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huanye Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yongshen Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Natua S, Dhamdhere SG, Mutnuru SA, Shukla S. Interplay within tumor microenvironment orchestrates neoplastic RNA metabolism and transcriptome diversity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 13:e1676. [PMID: 34109748 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous population of cancer cells within a tumor mass interacts intricately with the multifaceted aspects of the surrounding microenvironment. The reciprocal crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) shapes the cancer pathophysiome in a way that renders it uniquely suited for immune tolerance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This dynamic interaction involves a dramatic reconstruction of the transcriptomic landscape of tumors by altering the synthesis, modifications, stability, and processing of gene readouts. In this review, we categorically evaluate the influence of TME components, encompassing a myriad of resident and infiltrating cells, signaling molecules, extracellular vesicles, extracellular matrix, and blood vessels, in orchestrating the cancer-specific metabolism and diversity of both mRNA and noncoding RNA, including micro RNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA among others. We also highlight the transcriptomic adaptations in response to the physicochemical idiosyncrasies of TME, which include tumor hypoxia, extracellular acidosis, and osmotic stress. Finally, we provide a nuanced analysis of existing and prospective therapeutics targeting TME to ameliorate cancer-associated RNA metabolism, consequently thwarting the cancer progression. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Natua
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Shruti Ganesh Dhamdhere
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Srinivas Abhishek Mutnuru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Kim D, Kim KI, Baek SH. Roles of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in homeostasis and diseases. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:41. [PMID: 34082769 PMCID: PMC8175190 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00737-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) targets mono- or di-methylated histone H3K4 and H3K9 as well as non-histone substrates and functions in the regulation of gene expression as a transcriptional repressor or activator. This enzyme plays a pivotal role in various physiological processes, including development, differentiation, inflammation, thermogenesis, neuronal and cerebral physiology, and the maintenance of stemness in stem cells. LSD1 also participates in pathological processes, including cancer as the most representative disease. It promotes oncogenesis by facilitating the survival of cancer cells and by generating a pro-cancer microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the role of LSD1 in several aspects of cancer, such as hypoxia, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, stemness versus differentiation of cancer stem cells, as well as anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, the current understanding of the involvement of LSD1 in various other pathological processes is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongha Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Il Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Hee Baek
- Creative Research Initiatives Center for Epigenetic Code and Diseases, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Emerging role of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1233-1249. [PMID: 34013961 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was clinically exploited for decades, as most modern diuretics were obtained considering as lead molecule acetazolamide, the prototypical CA inhibitor (CAI). The discovery and characterization of multiple human CA (hCA) isoforms, 15 of which being known today, led to new applications of their inhibitors. They include widely clinically used antiglaucoma, antiepileptic and antiobesity agents, antitumor drugs in clinical development, as well as drugs for the management of acute mountain sickness and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Emerging roles of several CA isoforms in areas not generally connected to these enzymes were recently documented, such as in neuropathic pain, cerebral ischemia, rheumatoid arthritis, oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease. Proof-of-concept studies thus emerged by using isoform-selective inhibitors, which may lead to new clinical applications in such areas. Relevant preclinical models are available for these pathologies due to the availability of isoform-selective CAIs for all human isoforms, belonging to novel classes of compounds, such as coumarins, sulfocoumarins, dithiocarbamates, benzoxaboroles, apart the classical sulfonamide inhibitors. The inhibition of CAs from pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoans or nematodes started recently to be considered for obtaining anti-infectives with a new mechanism of action.
Collapse
|
135
|
Semenza GL. Heritable disorders of oxygen sensing. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2576-2581. [PMID: 33973706 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) activate gene transcription in response to reduced O2 availability and play critical roles in development, physiology, and disease pathogenesis. Mutations that dysregulate HIF activity are the genetic basis for tumor predisposition in the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and excess red blood cell production in hereditary erythrocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregg L Semenza
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Zakharova NM, Tarahovsky YS, Komelina NP, Khrenov MO, Kovtun AL. Pharmacological torpor prolongs rat survival in lethal normobaric hypoxia. J Therm Biol 2021; 98:102906. [PMID: 34016333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to hypoxia is one of the most prominent features of natural hibernation and is expected to be present in the pharmacological torpor (PT) that simulates hibernation. We studied resistance to lethal hypoxia (3.5% oxygen content) in rats under PT. To initiate PT, we used the previously developed pharmacological composition (PC) which, after a single intravenous injection, can induce a daily decrease in Tb by 7 °C-8 °C at the environmental temperature of 22 °C-23 °C. Half-survival (median) time of rats in lethal hypoxia was found to increase from 5 ± 0.8 min in anesthetized control rats to 150 ± 12 min in rats injected with PC, which is a 30-fold increase. Behavioral tests after PT and hypoxia, including the traveling distance, the number of rearing and grooming episodes, revealed that animal responses are significantly restored within a week. It is assumed that the discovered unprecedented resistance of artificially torpid rats to lethal hypoxia may open up broad prospects for the therapeutic use of PT for preconditioning to various damaging factors, treatment of diseases, and extend the so-called "golden hour" for lifesaving interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yury S Tarahovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
| | - Natalia P Komelina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Maxim O Khrenov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
137
|
Datta KK, Periasamy P, Mohan SV, Ziegman R, Gowda H. Temporal Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Alterations Associated with Adaptive Response to Hypoxia in Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092175. [PMID: 33946525 PMCID: PMC8124723 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Most solid tumours, including melanoma (skin cancer), are riddled with areas lacking adequate oxygen supply due to insufficient vasculature. Cancer cells in these regions are resistant to therapies and contribute to cancer spread and poor treatment response in patients. Understanding the mechanisms by which cancer cells adapt to survive in such a hostile environment will provide novel avenues for treatment. In this study, we investigated mechanisms that melanoma cells use to adapt and survive in an oxygen-poor environment. We used four different melanoma cell lines and studied how protein levels and phosphorylation patterns on thousands of proteins change when the cells are exposed to poor oxygen conditions. This revealed potential mechanisms on which cancer cells are dependent for survival. These survival mechanisms can be potentially targeted to achieve durable response to therapy. We demonstrate this by targeting one such mechanism required for cancer cell survival. Abstract Hypoxia is a common feature in various solid tumours, including melanoma. Cancer cells in hypoxic environments are resistant to both chemotherapy and radiation. Hypoxia is also associated with immune suppression. Identification of proteins and pathways that regulate cancer cell survival in hypoxic environments can reveal potential vulnerabilities that can be exploited to improve the efficacy of anticancer therapies. We carried out temporal proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling in melanoma cell lines to identify hypoxia-induced protein expression and phosphorylation changes. By employing a TMT-based quantitative proteomics strategy, we report the identification and quantitation of >7000 proteins and >10,000 phosphosites in melanoma cell lines grown in hypoxia. Proteomics data show metabolic reprogramming as one of the prominent adaptive responses in hypoxia. We identify several novel hypoxia-mediated phosphorylation changes that have not been reported before. They reveal kinase signalling pathways that are potentially involved in modulating cellular response to hypoxia. In addition to known protein expression changes, we identify several novel proteomic alterations associated with adaptive response to hypoxia. We show that cancer cells require the ubiquitin–proteasome system to survive in both normoxia and hypoxia. Inhibition of proteasome activity affects cell survival and may provide a novel therapeutic avenue to target cancer cells in hypoxia. Our study can serve as a valuable resource to pursue novel candidates to target hypoxia in cancers and improve the efficacy of anticancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keshava K. Datta
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (P.P.); (S.V.M.); (R.Z.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.D.); (H.G.)
| | - Parthiban Periasamy
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (P.P.); (S.V.M.); (R.Z.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Sonali V. Mohan
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (P.P.); (S.V.M.); (R.Z.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Rebekah Ziegman
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (P.P.); (S.V.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (P.P.); (S.V.M.); (R.Z.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
- Correspondence: (K.K.D.); (H.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Andrade AC, Wolf M, Binder HM, Gomes FG, Manstein F, Ebner-Peking P, Poupardin R, Zweigerdt R, Schallmoser K, Strunk D. Hypoxic Conditions Promote the Angiogenic Potential of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083890. [PMID: 33918735 PMCID: PMC8070165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells secrete paracrine factors including extracellular vesicles (EVs) which can mediate cellular communication and support the regeneration of injured tissues. Reduced oxygen (hypoxia) as a key regulator in development and regeneration may influence cellular communication via EVs. We asked whether hypoxic conditioning during human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) culture effects their EV quantity, quality or EV-based angiogenic potential. We produced iPSC-EVs from large-scale culture-conditioned media at 1%, 5% and 18% air oxygen using tangential flow filtration (TFF), with or without subsequent concentration by ultracentrifugation (TUCF). EVs were quantified by tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS), characterized according to MISEV2018 guidelines, and analyzed for angiogenic potential. We observed superior EV recovery by TFF compared to TUCF. We confirmed hypoxia efficacy by HIF-1α stabilization and pimonidazole hypoxyprobe. EV quantity did not differ significantly at different oxygen conditions. Significantly elevated angiogenic potential was observed for iPSC-EVs derived from 1% oxygen culture by TFF or TUCF as compared to EVs obtained at higher oxygen or the corresponding EV-depleted soluble factor fractions. Data thus demonstrate that cell-culture oxygen conditions and mode of EV preparation affect iPSC-EV function. We conclude that selecting appropriate protocols will further improve production of particularly potent iPSC-EV-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Cronemberger Andrade
- Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (A.C.A.); (M.W.); (H.-M.B.); (P.E.-P.); (R.P.)
| | - Martin Wolf
- Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (A.C.A.); (M.W.); (H.-M.B.); (P.E.-P.); (R.P.)
| | - Heide-Marie Binder
- Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (A.C.A.); (M.W.); (H.-M.B.); (P.E.-P.); (R.P.)
| | - Fausto Gueths Gomes
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (F.G.G.); (K.S.)
| | - Felix Manstein
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Patricia Ebner-Peking
- Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (A.C.A.); (M.W.); (H.-M.B.); (P.E.-P.); (R.P.)
| | - Rodolphe Poupardin
- Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (A.C.A.); (M.W.); (H.-M.B.); (P.E.-P.); (R.P.)
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Katharina Schallmoser
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and SCI-TReCS, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (F.G.G.); (K.S.)
| | - Dirk Strunk
- Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (A.C.A.); (M.W.); (H.-M.B.); (P.E.-P.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the key regulators of oxygen homeostasis in response to hypoxia. In diabetes, multiple tissues are hypoxic but adaptive responses to hypoxia are impaired due to insufficient activation of HIF signalling, which results from inhibition of HIF-1α stability and function due to hyperglycaemia and elevated fatty acid levels. In this review, we will summarise and discuss current findings about the regulation of HIF signalling in diabetes and the pathogenic roles of hypoxia and dysregulated HIF signalling in the development of diabetes and its complications. The therapeutic potential of targeting HIF signalling for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and related complications is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Center for Diabetes, Academic Specialist Centrum, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Hypoxia-induced miR-27 and miR-195 regulate ATP consumption, viability, and metabolism of rat cardiomyocytes by targeting PPARγ and FASN expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10158-10174. [PMID: 33819184 PMCID: PMC8064185 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether hypoxia-induced microRNA (miRNA) upregulation was related to the inhibition of chondriosome aliphatic acid oxidation in myocardial cells under anoxia. We showed that anoxia induced high expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1-alpha, muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, and vascular endothelial growth factor in cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, miR-27 and miR-195 were also upregulated in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, hypoxia induction led to reductions in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption rate and oxidative metabolism as well as an increase in cardiomyocyte glycolysis. Metabolic reprogramming was reduced by hypoxia, as evidenced by the downregulation of sirtuin 1, forkhead box protein O1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, ATP citrate lyase, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase 2, adiponutrin, adipose triglyceride lipase, and glucose transporter type 4, while miR-27 and miR-195 inhibition partially recovered the expression of these transcription factors. In addition, hypoxia induction reduced cell viability and survival by triggering apoptosis; however, miR-27 and miR-195 inhibition partially increased cell viability. Moreover, miR-27 and miR-195 targeted the 3’untranslated regions of two key lipid-associated metabolic players, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and fatty acid synthase. In conclusion, miR-27 and miR-195 are related to hypoxia-mediated ATP levels, glycolysis, oxidation, cell survival, and a cascade of transcription factors that control metabolism in cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
|
141
|
Cignarella A, Fadini GP, Bolego C, Trevisi L, Boscaro C, Sanga V, Seccia TM, Rosato A, Rossi GP, Barton M. Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Angiogenesis Inhibitors: Sex Differences and Current Challenges. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:988-1003. [PMID: 33739385 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasoactive molecules, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelins, share cytokine-like activities and regulate endothelial cell (EC) growth, migration and inflammation. Some endothelial mediators and their receptors are targets for currently approved angiogenesis inhibitors, drugs that are either monoclonal antibodies raised towards VEGF, or inhibitors of vascular receptor protein kinases and signaling pathways. Pharmacological interference with the protective functions of ECs results in a similar spectrum of adverse effects. Clinically, the most common side effects of VEGF signaling pathway inhibition include an increase in arterial pressure, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction ultimately causing heart failure, and thromboembolic events, including pulmonary embolism, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Sex steroids such as androgens, progestins, and estrogen and their receptors (ERα, ERβ, GPER; PR-A, PR-B; AR) have been identified as important modifiers of angiogenesis, and sex differences have been reported for anti-angiogenic drugs. This review article discusses the current challenges clinicians are facing with regard to angiogenesis inhibitor treatments, including the need to consider sex differences affecting clinical efficacy and safety. We also propose areas for future research taking into account the role of sex hormone receptors and sex chromosomes. Development of new sex-specific drugs with improved target and cell-type selectivity likely will open the way personalized medicine in men and women requiring antiangiogenic therapy and result in reduced adverse effects and improved therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Bolego
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Carlotta Boscaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Viola Sanga
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Venetian Cancer Institute IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Matthias Barton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.,Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Chen Y, Gaber T. Hypoxia/HIF Modulates Immune Responses. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030260. [PMID: 33808042 PMCID: PMC8000289 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen availability varies throughout the human body in health and disease. Under physiological conditions, oxygen availability drops from the lungs over the blood stream towards the different tissues into the cells and the mitochondrial cavities leading to physiological low oxygen conditions or physiological hypoxia in all organs including primary lymphoid organs. Moreover, immune cells travel throughout the body searching for damaged cells and foreign antigens facing a variety of oxygen levels. Consequently, physiological hypoxia impacts immune cell function finally controlling innate and adaptive immune response mainly by transcriptional regulation via hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Under pathophysiological conditions such as found in inflammation, injury, infection, ischemia and cancer, severe hypoxia can alter immune cells leading to dysfunctional immune response finally leading to tissue damage, cancer progression and autoimmunity. Here we summarize the effects of physiological and pathophysiological hypoxia on innate and adaptive immune activity, we provide an overview on the control of immune response by cellular hypoxia-induced pathways with focus on the role of HIFs and discuss the opportunity to target hypoxia-sensitive pathways for the treatment of cancer and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Chen
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Ember of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Timo Gaber
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Ember of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-513364
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Morimoto C, Takedachi M, Kawasaki K, Shimomura J, Murata M, Hirai A, Kawakami K, Sawada K, Iwayama T, Murakami S. Hypoxia stimulates collagen hydroxylation in gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1635-1645. [PMID: 33660864 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular responses to hypoxia regulate various biological events, including angiogenesis and extracellular matrix metabolism. Collagen is a major component of the extracellular matrix in periodontal tissues and its coordinated production is essential for tissue homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia on collagen production in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLs). METHODS HGFs and HPDLs were cultured under either normoxic (20% O2 ) or hypoxic (1% O2 ) conditions. Nuclear expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was determined by western blotting. Peri-cellular expression of type I collagen was examined by immunocytochemistry analysis. Synthesis of type I collagen was evaluated by measuring the concentration of procollagen type I C-peptide (PIP) in culture supernatant using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of collagen hydroxylase enzymes prolyl 4-hydroxylase alpha polypeptide 1 (P4HA1) and 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The roles of these enzymes were analyzed using siRNA transfection. RESULTS Cultivation under hypoxic conditions stimulated type I collagen production via HIF-1α in both cell types. Interestingly, hypoxic conditions did not affect collagen 1a1 or 1a2 gene expression but upregulated that of P4HA1 and PLOD2. Additionally, suppressing P4HA1 significantly decreased the levels of hypoxia-induced procollagen type I C-peptide, a product of stable triple helical collagen, in the supernatant. In contrast, PLOD2 suppression decreased cross-linked collagen expression in the pericellular region. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that hypoxia activates collagen synthesis in HGFs and HPDLs by upregulating hydroxylases P4HA1 and PLOD2 in an HIF-1α-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Morimoto
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Takedachi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kawasaki
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junpei Shimomura
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Murata
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Asae Hirai
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kawakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keigo Sawada
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Iwayama
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Andrysik Z, Bender H, Galbraith MD, Espinosa JM. Multi-omics analysis reveals contextual tumor suppressive and oncogenic gene modules within the acute hypoxic response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1375. [PMID: 33654095 PMCID: PMC7925689 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular adaptation to hypoxia is a hallmark of cancer, but the relative contribution of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) versus other oxygen sensors to tumorigenesis is unclear. We employ a multi-omics pipeline including measurements of nascent RNA to characterize transcriptional changes upon acute hypoxia. We identify an immediate early transcriptional response that is strongly dependent on HIF1A and the kinase activity of its cofactor CDK8, includes indirect repression of MYC targets, and is highly conserved across cancer types. HIF1A drives this acute response via conserved high-occupancy enhancers. Genetic screen data indicates that, in normoxia, HIF1A displays strong cell-autonomous tumor suppressive effects through a gene module mediating mTOR inhibition. Conversely, in advanced malignancies, expression of a module of HIF1A targets involved in collagen remodeling is associated with poor prognosis across diverse cancer types. In this work, we provide a valuable resource for investigating context-dependent roles of HIF1A and its targets in cancer biology. The response to hypoxia can significantly impact oncogenic processes. Here, the authors define the early transcriptional response to acute hypoxia and identify HIF1A target genes as part of this acute response, providing a resource for investigating context-dependent roles of HIF1A in the biology of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Andrysik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heather Bender
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew D Galbraith
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Liu Z, Sun L, Cai Y, Shen S, Zhang T, Wang N, Wu G, Ma W, Li ST, Suo C, Hao Y, Jia WD, Semenza GL, Gao P, Zhang H. Hypoxia-Induced Suppression of Alternative Splicing of MBD2 Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis via Activation of FZD1. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1265-1278. [PMID: 33402389 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is responsible for the majority of breast cancer-related deaths, however, the mechanisms underlying metastasis in this disease remain largely elusive. Here we report that under hypoxic conditions, alternative splicing of MBD2 is suppressed, favoring the production of MBD2a, which facilitates breast cancer metastasis. Specifically, MBD2a promoted, whereas its lesser known short form MBD2c suppressed metastasis. Activation of HIF1 under hypoxia facilitated MBD2a production via repression of SRSF2-mediated alternative splicing. As a result, elevated MBD2a outcompeted MBD2c for binding to promoter CpG islands to activate expression of FZD1, thereby promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. Strikingly, clinical data reveal significantly correlated expression of MBD2a and MBD2c with the invasiveness of malignancy, indicating opposing roles for MBD2 splicing variants in regulating human breast cancer metastasis. Collectively, our findings establish a novel link between MBD2 switching and tumor metastasis and provide a promising therapeutic strategy and predictive biomarkers for hypoxia-driven breast cancer metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE: This study defines the opposing roles and clinical relevance of MBD2a and MBD2c, two MBD2 alternative splicing products, in hypoxia-driven breast cancer metastasis. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/5/1265/F1.large.jpg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoji Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Linchong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Laboratory of Cancer and Stem Cell Metabolism, School of Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shengqi Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gongwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shi-Ting Li
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Caixia Suo
- Laboratory of Cancer and Stem Cell Metabolism, School of Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijie Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Dong Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ping Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Laboratory of Cancer and Stem Cell Metabolism, School of Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Mylonis I, Chachami G, Simos G. Specific Inhibition of HIF Activity: Can Peptides Lead the Way? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030410. [PMID: 33499237 PMCID: PMC7865418 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cells in solid tumors often experience lack of oxygen (hypoxia), which they overcome with the help of hypoxia inducible transcription factors (HIFs). When HIFs are activated, they stimulate the expression of many genes and cause the production of proteins that help cancer cells grow and migrate even in the presence of very little oxygen. Many experiments have shown that agents that block the activity of HIFs (HIF inhibitors) can prevent growth of cancer cells under hypoxia and, subsequently, hinder formation of malignant tumors or metastases. Most small chemical HIF inhibitors lack the selectivity required for development of safe anticancer drugs. On the other hand, peptides derived from HIFs themselves can be very selective HIF inhibitors by disrupting specific associations of HIFs with cellular components that are essential for HIF activation. This review discusses the nature of available peptide HIF inhibitors and their prospects as effective pharmaceuticals against cancer. Abstract Reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) is a characteristic of many disorders including cancer. Central components of the systemic and cellular response to hypoxia are the Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs), a small family of heterodimeric transcription factors that directly or indirectly regulate the expression of hundreds of genes, the products of which mediate adaptive changes in processes that include metabolism, erythropoiesis, and angiogenesis. The overexpression of HIFs has been linked to the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Moreover, evidence from cellular and animal models have convincingly shown that targeting HIFs represents a valid approach to treat hypoxia-related disorders. However, targeting transcription factors with small molecules is a very demanding task and development of HIF inhibitors with specificity and therapeutic potential has largely remained an unattainable challenge. Another promising approach to inhibit HIFs is to use peptides modelled after HIF subunit domains known to be involved in protein–protein interactions that are critical for HIF function. Introduction of these peptides into cells can inhibit, through competition, the activity of endogenous HIFs in a sequence and, therefore also isoform, specific manner. This review summarizes the involvement of HIFs in cancer and the approaches for targeting them, with a special focus on the development of peptide HIF inhibitors and their prospects as highly-specific pharmacological agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Mylonis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Georgia Chachami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - George Simos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (G.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
HIF1α is a direct regulator of steroidogenesis in the adrenal gland. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3577-3590. [PMID: 33464382 PMCID: PMC8038963 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous steroid hormones, especially glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, derive from the adrenal cortex, and drastic or sustained changes in their circulatory levels affect multiple organ systems. Although hypoxia signaling in steroidogenesis has been suggested, knowledge on the true impact of the HIFs (Hypoxia-Inducible Factors) in the adrenocortical cells of vertebrates is scant. By creating a unique set of transgenic mouse lines, we reveal a prominent role for HIF1α in the synthesis of virtually all steroids in vivo. Specifically, mice deficient in HIF1α in adrenocortical cells displayed enhanced levels of enzymes responsible for steroidogenesis and a cognate increase in circulatory steroid levels. These changes resulted in cytokine alterations and changes in the profile of circulatory mature hematopoietic cells. Conversely, HIF1α overexpression resulted in the opposite phenotype of insufficient steroid production due to impaired transcription of necessary enzymes. Based on these results, we propose HIF1α to be a vital regulator of steroidogenesis as its modulation in adrenocortical cells dramatically impacts hormone synthesis with systemic consequences. In addition, these mice can have potential clinical significances as they may serve as essential tools to understand the pathophysiology of hormone modulations in a number of diseases associated with metabolic syndrome, auto-immunity or even cancer.
Collapse
|
148
|
Akman M, Belisario DC, Salaroglio IC, Kopecka J, Donadelli M, De Smaele E, Riganti C. Hypoxia, endoplasmic reticulum stress and chemoresistance: dangerous liaisons. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:28. [PMID: 33423689 PMCID: PMC7798239 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumors often grow in a micro-environment characterized by < 2% O2 tension. This condition, together with the aberrant activation of specific oncogenic patwhays, increases the amount and activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a transcription factor that controls up to 200 genes involved in neoangiogenesis, metabolic rewiring, invasion and drug resistance. Hypoxia also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a condition that triggers cell death, if cells are irreversibly damaged, or cell survival, if the stress is mild.Hypoxia and chronic ER stress both induce chemoresistance. In this review we discuss the multiple and interconnected circuitries that link hypoxic environment, chronic ER stress and chemoresistance. We suggest that hypoxia and ER stress train and select the cells more adapted to survive in unfavorable conditions, by activating pleiotropic mechanisms including apoptosis inhibition, metabolic rewiring, anti-oxidant defences, drugs efflux. This adaptative process unequivocally expands clones that acquire resistance to chemotherapy.We believe that pharmacological inhibitors of HIF-1α and modulators of ER stress, although characterized by low specificty and anti-cancer efficacy when used as single agents, may be repurposed as chemosensitizers against hypoxic and chemorefractory tumors in the next future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhlis Akman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Supuran CT. Experimental Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Hypoxic Tumors. J Exp Pharmacol 2020; 12:603-617. [PMID: 33364855 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s265620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms IX and XII are overexpressed in many hypoxic tumors as a consequence of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) activation cascade, being present in limited amounts in normal tissues. These enzymes together with many others are involved in the pH regulation and metabolism of hypoxic cancer cells, and were validated as antitumor targets recently. A multitude of targeting strategies against these enzymes have been proposed and are reviewed in this article. The small molecule inhibitors, small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADACs) or cytokine-drug conjugates but not the monoclonal antibodies against CA IX/XII will be discussed. Relevant synthetic chemistry efforts, coupled with a multitude of preclinical studies, demonstrated that CA IX/XII inhibition leads to the inhibition of growth of primary tumors and metastases and depletes cancer stem cell populations, all factors highly relevant in clinical settings. One small molecule inhibitor, sulfonamide SLC-0111, is the most advanced candidate, having completed Phase I and being now in Phase Ib/II clinical trials for the treatment of advanced hypoxic solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence 50019, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
You L, Wu W, Wang X, Fang L, Adam V, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Kuca K. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in tumor immune evasion. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1622-1643. [PMID: 33305856 DOI: 10.1002/med.21771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) plays an indispensable role in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Hypoxia and HIF-1 are involved in multiple aspects of tumor progression, such as metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. In innate and adaptive immune systems, malignant tumor cells avoid their recognition and destruction by HIF-1. Tumor immune evasion allows cancer cells to proliferate and metastasize and is associated with immunotherapy failure and chemoresistance. In the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, HIF-1 signaling suppresses the innate and adaptive immune systems to evade immune attack by inducing the expression of immunosuppressive factors and immune checkpoint molecules, including vascular endothelial growth factor, prostaglandin E2 , and programmed death-ligand 1/programmed death-1. Moreover, HIF-1 blocks tumor-associated antigen presentation via major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related/natural killer group 2, member D signaling. Tumor-associated autophagy and the release of tumor-derived exosomes contribute to HIF-1-mediated immune evasion. This review focuses on recent findings on the potential mechanism(s) underlying the effect of hypoxia and HIF-1 signaling on tumor immune evasion in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The effects of HIF-1 on immune checkpoint molecules, immunosuppressive molecules, autophagy, and exosomes have been described. Additionally, the potential role of HIF-1 in the regulation of tumor-derived exosomes, as well as the roles of HIF-1 and exosomes in tumor evasion, are discussed. This study will contribute to our understanding of HIF-1-mediated tumor immune evasion, leading to the development of effective HIF-1-targeting drugs and immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li You
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liurong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|