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Mirzaei Y, Savari Z, Yazdani-Nafchi F, Salehi-Vanani N, Fallahi E, Pirayesh A, Zahmati M, Anjomshoa M, Bageri N, Sabzevary-Ghahfarokhi M, Shirzad H, Zamani MA. The expression analysis of IL-6, IL-18, IL-21, IL-23, and TGF-β mRNA in the nasal mucosa of patients with Allergic rhinitis. Afr Health Sci 2022; 22:630-640. [PMID: 36032502 PMCID: PMC9382521 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v22i1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The profile of inflammatory and suppressing cytokines is important to contribute to the disruption of TH1/TH2 balance in Allergic rhinitis (AR). Objective This study aimed to assess the expression levels of IL-6, IL-18, IL-21, IL-23, and TGF-β in nasal biopsies in AR patients and evaluate its correlation with the severity of AR. Material and method The study included 30 patients with mild persistent allergic rhinitis (MPAR), patients with moderate-to-severe (M/S) PAR, and 30 healthy individuals. The biopsies of nasal inferior turbinate mucosa were collected from each participant. The expression of IL-6, IL-18, IL-21, IL-23, and TGF-β was evaluated by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The degree of eosinophil infiltration into the nasal mucosa, blood eosinophils, and total serum IgE level were also measured. Result The expression of IL-6, IL-18, and IL-23 in patients with AR significantly increased compared to the control group. Conversely, the gene expression of the TGF-β declined in the M/S PAR group rather than the AR- group. The data did not show a significant difference in the expression of the IL-21 gene between AR+ and AR- groups. Conclusion We suggested that inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-18, and IL-23 may be involved in the severity of AR and associated with markers of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Mirzaei
- Department of Biogeosciences, Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Soran, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Zohreh Savari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch
| | - Farshad Yazdani-Nafchi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Najmeh Salehi-Vanani
- The Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Science Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elnaz Fallahi
- Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Pirayesh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Zahmati
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Anjomshoa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nader Bageri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Milad Sabzevary-Ghahfarokhi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohamad Ali Zamani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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102
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Alazouny ZM, Alghonamy NM, Mohamed SR, Abdel Aal SM. Mesenchymal stem cells microvesicles versus granulocytes colony stimulating factor efficacy in ameliorating septic induced acute renal cortical injury in adult male albino rats (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study). Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:164-187. [PMID: 35193482 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2039826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is the most common cause of acute kidney injury in ICU patients, with increasing mortalities. Treatment septic AKI is unsatisfactory; therefore, more effective therapies must be investigated. MSCs-MVs have the same effectiveness in tissue repair as their original cells. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is considered a simple and convenient tool in regenerative medicine. This study aimed to compare the probable therapeutic effect of MSCs-MVs versus G-CSF on septic AKI in rats. Forty-eight adult male rats were divided into four groups; I control group (IA-ID), II induced-sepsis group, III G-CSF, and IV MSC-MVs groups. Sepsis was induced in groups II, III, IV through a single IV injection of 10 mg/ kg of E.Coli-LPS dissolved in 1 ml saline. Four hours later, group IV received a single IV injection of MSCs-MVs, while group III received a SC injection of Neupogen for 5 days. All animals were sacrificed 7 days from the start. Serum and tissue samples of each group were used for biochemical study. Sections from all groups were subjected to light and electron microscopic examination. A fluorescent microscope examination for subgroup ID and group IV was done. Morphometric and statistical analyses were performed. Group II showed features of acute tubular injury. Group III showed some improvement (biochemically, LM & EM level) however, group IV showed more improvement. MVs injection caused a marked improvement in septic AKI; G-CSF can also meliorate the degenerative effect of sepsis on renal cortex, but to a lesser extent than MSCs-MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab M Alazouny
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nabila M Alghonamy
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samar R Mohamed
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sara M Abdel Aal
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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103
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Frejo L, Lopez-Escamez JA. Cytokines and Inflammation in Meniere Disease. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 15:49-59. [PMID: 35124944 PMCID: PMC8901949 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2021.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Meniere disease (MD) is a rare set of conditions associated with the accumulation of endolymph in the cochlear duct and the vestibular labyrinth with a decrease of endocochlear potential. It is considered a chronic inflammatory disorder of the inner ear with a multifactorial origin. The clinical syndrome includes several groups of patients with a core phenotype: sensorineural hearing loss, episodes of vertigo, and tinnitus with a non-predictable course. Genetic factors and the innate immune response seem to play a central role in the pathophysiology of the condition. Autoimmune MD should be diagnosed if a patient fulfills the diagnostic criteria for MD and one of the following autoimmune disorders: autoimmune thyroid disease, psoriasis, autoimmune arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or systemic lupus erythematosus. We summarize the evidence to support autoimmune MD as an endophenotype in bilateral MD associated with the allelic variant rs4947296 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation, the role of cytokines (particularly interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) in defining a subset of patients with autoinflammation, and the potential role of cytokines as biomarkers to distinguish between patients with MD and vestibular migraine. Finally, we also introduce a list of potential drugs that could regulate the immune response in MD with potential for repurposing in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Frejo
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía, PTS, Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía, PTS, Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Souza HI, Pereira ABM, Oliveira JR, Silva PR, Teixeira DNS, Silva-Vergara ML, Rogério AP. Cryptococcus neoformans in Association with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus has Pro- (IL-6/STAT3 Overproduction) and Anti-inflammatory (CCL2/ERK1/2 Downregulation) Effects on Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Inflammation 2022; 45:1269-1280. [PMID: 35015189 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcosis (caused, for example, by Cryptococcus neoformans) and allergic asthma (caused, for example, by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) target the respiratory tract (the lung and bronchial epithelium). C. neoformans and D. pteronyssinus can coexist in the same indoor environment, and exposure to both can cause alterations in the local airway inflammatory milieu and exacerbation of airway inflammatory diseases. Here, we evaluated the effects of the association between C. neoformans and D. pteronyssinus in the modulation of airway inflammatory responses in an in vitro experimental model using human bronchial epithelial cells. BEAS-2B cells were cultivated and stimulated with D. pteronyssinus (10 μg/mL) and/or C. neoformans (MOI 100) for 24 h. No cytotoxic effect was observed in cells stimulated by C. neoformans and/or D. pteronyssinus. The production of IL-8, IL-6, and/or CCL2, but not IL-10, as well as the activation of NF-kB, STAT3, STAT6, and/or ERK1/2 were increased in cells stimulated by C. neoformans or D. pteronyssinus compared to controls. C. neoformans in association with D. pteronyssinus inhibited the CCL2‑ERK1/2 signaling pathway in cells treated with both pathogens compared to cells stimulated by D. pteronyssinus alone. In addition, their association induced an additive effect on the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in cells compared to cells stimulated with D. pteronyssinus or C. neoformans only. D. pteronyssinus increased the internalization and growth of C. neoformans in BEAS-2B cells. D. pteronyssinus in association with C. neoformans promoted pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, which can modulate cryptococcal infection and asthmaticus status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Ismarsi Souza
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Beatriz Mahler Pereira
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jhony Robison Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Silva
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David Nascimento Silva Teixeira
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mario Leon Silva-Vergara
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Paula Rogério
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Adikusuma W, Chou WH, Lin MR, Ting J, Irham LM, Perwitasari DA, Chang WP, Chang WC. Identification of Druggable Genes for Asthma by Integrated Genomic Network Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010113. [PMID: 35052792 PMCID: PMC8773254 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common and heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Currently, the two main types of asthma medicines are inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs). In addition, biological drugs provide another therapeutic option, especially for patients with severe asthma. However, these drugs were less effective in preventing severe asthma exacerbation, and other drug options are still limited. Herein, we extracted asthma-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) catalog and prioritized candidate genes through five functional annotations. Genes enriched in more than two categories were defined as “biological asthma risk genes.” Then, DrugBank was used to match target genes with FDA-approved medications and identify candidate drugs for asthma. We discovered 139 biological asthma risk genes and identified 64 drugs targeting 22 of these genes. Seven of them were approved for asthma, including reslizumab, mepolizumab, theophylline, dyphylline, aminophylline, oxtriphylline, and enprofylline. We also found 17 drugs with clinical or preclinical evidence in treating asthma. In addition, eleven of the 40 candidate drugs were further identified as promising asthma therapy. Noteworthy, IL6R is considered a target for asthma drug repurposing based on its high target scores. Through in silico drug repurposing approach, we identified sarilumab and satralizumab as the most promising drug for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wirawan Adikusuma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram 83127, Indonesia
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Min-Rou Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jafit Ting
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Lalu Muhammad Irham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia; (L.M.I.); (D.A.P.)
| | - Dyah Aryani Perwitasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia; (L.M.I.); (D.A.P.)
| | - Wei-Pin Chang
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-P.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-P.C.); (W.-C.C.)
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STIM1 is a core trigger of airway smooth muscle remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in asthma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2114557118. [PMID: 34949717 PMCID: PMC8740694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114557118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) proteins are essential for the function of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Using transcriptomics, metabolomics, imaging, and inducible smooth muscle–specific STIM1 knockout mice expressing genetically encoded Ca2+ sensors, we reveal a crucial function of STIM1 in airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. STIM1-mediated Ca2+ oscillations in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells are critical for ASM remodeling through metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming and cytokine secretion, including IL-6. These effects are driven by Ca2+-dependent activation of the transcription factor isoform NFAT4 specifically in ASM. Our data provide evidence that ASM STIM1 and SOCE are central triggers of asthma manifestations and advocate for the future use of STIM1 as a molecular target in asthma therapy. Airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness are central drivers of asthma severity. Airway remodeling is a structural change involving the dedifferentiation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from a quiescent to a proliferative and secretory phenotype. Here, we show up-regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) in ASM of asthmatic mice. STIM1 is required for metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming that supports airway remodeling, including ASM proliferation, migration, secretion of cytokines and extracellular matrix, enhanced mitochondrial mass, and increased oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic flux. Mechanistically, STIM1-mediated Ca2+ influx is critical for the activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 4 and subsequent interleukin-6 secretion and transcription of pro-remodeling transcription factors, growth factors, surface receptors, and asthma-associated proteins. STIM1 drives airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice through enhanced frequency and amplitude of ASM cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations. Our data advocates for ASM STIM1 as a target for asthma therapy.
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107
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Jendrišek G, Nikolić A, Dragičević S. Inflammatory modulation of the response of bronchial epithelial cells to lipopolysaccharide with pretreatment by montelukast. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2244115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, is the most prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as an add-on therapy for asthma. Besides its effect on blocking leukotriene action, montelukast has been proposed to have secondary anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effect of montelukast on the expression of major genes involved in airway inflammation (TNF, IL6) and remodeling (MMP9, TGFB1) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. The expression of selected genes was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 0h and 24h after LPS stimulation in cells pretreated with montelukast. Montelukast was found to significantly attenuate increased TNF and IL6 gene expression, to have a mild effect on MMP9 and have no effect on TGFB1 expression upon stimulation with LPS. The results of our study indicate that patients on montelukast therapy would have an adequate response to acute microorganism-induced inflammation, so additional anti-inflammatory effects of montelukast should be better exploited.
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108
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Chen S, Chen Z, Deng Y, Zha S, Yu L, Li D, Liang Z, Yang K, Liu S, Chen R. Prevention of IL-6 signaling ameliorates toluene diisocyanate-induced steroid-resistant asthma. Allergol Int 2022; 71:73-82. [PMID: 34332882 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicated the crucial role for interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling in the development of allergic asthma. Yet, the role of IL-6 signaling in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced mixed granulocytic airway inflammation still remains unclear. Thus, the aims of this study were to dissect the role of IL-6 signaling and to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab on TDI-induced steroid-resistant asthma. METHODS TDI-induced asthma model was prepared and asthmatic mice were respectively given IL-6 monoclonal antibody, IL-6R monoclonal antibody (tocilizumab, 5 mg/kg, i.p. after each challenge) for therapeutic purposes or isotype IgG as control. RESULTS TDI exposure just elevated IL-6R expression in the infiltrated inflammatory cells around the airway, but increased glycoprotein 130 expression in the whole lung, especially in bronchial epithelium. Moreover, TDI inhalation increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, coupled with mixed granulocytic inflammation, exaggerated epithelial denudation, airway smooth muscle thickening, goblet cell metaplasia, extensive submucosal collagen deposition, dysregulated Th2/Th17 responses, as well as innate immune responses and raised serum IgE. And almost all these responses except for raised serum IgE were markedly ameliorated by the administration of IL-6 neutralizing antibody or tocilizumab, but exhibited poor response to systemic steroid treatment. Also, TDI challenge induced nucleocytoplasm translocation of HMGB1 and promoted its release in the BALF, as well as elevated lung level of STAT3 phosphorylation, which were inhibited by anti-IL-6 and anti-IL-6R treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that IL-6 monoclonal antibody and tocilizumab might effectively abrogate TDI-induced airway inflammation and remodeling, which could be used as a clinical potential therapy for patients with severe asthma.
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Taghizadeh S, Chao CM, Guenther S, Glaser L, Gersmann L, Michel G, Kraut S, Goth K, Koepke J, Heiner M, Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Herold S, Samakovlis C, Weissmann N, Ricci F, Aquila G, Boyer L, Ehrhardt H, Minoo P, Bellusci S, Rivetti S. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells 2022; 40:605-617. [PMID: 35437594 PMCID: PMC9216486 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a neonatal lung disease developing in premature babies characterized by arrested alveologenesis and associated with decreased Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) expression. One-week hyperoxia (HYX) exposure of newborn mice leads to a permanent arrest in alveologenesis. To test the role of Fgf10 signaling to promote de novo alveologenesis following hyperoxia, we used transgenic mice allowing inducible expression of Fgf10 and recombinant FGF10 (rFGF10) protein delivered intraperitoneally. We carried out morphometry analysis, and IF on day 45. Alveolospheres assays were performed co-culturing AT2s from normoxia (NOX) with FACS-isolated Sca1Pos resident mesenchymal cells (rMC) from animals exposed to NOX, HYX-PBS, or HYX-FGF10. scRNAseq between rMC-Sca1Pos isolated from NOX and HYX-PBS was also carried out. Transgenic overexpression of Fgf10 and rFGF10 administration rescued the alveologenesis defects following HYX. Alveolosphere assays indicate that the activity of rMC-Sca1Pos is negatively impacted by HYX and partially rescued by rFGF10 treatment. Analysis by IF demonstrates a significant impact of rFGF10 on the activity of resident mesenchymal cells. scRNAseq results identified clusters expressing Fgf10, Fgf7, Pdgfra, and Axin2, which could represent the rMC niche cells for the AT2 stem cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that rFGF10 administration is able to induce de novo alveologenesis in a BPD mouse model and identified subpopulations of rMC-Sca1Pos niche cells potentially representing its cellular target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lea Glaser
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Luisa Gersmann
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Michel
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Kraut
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Goth
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Janine Koepke
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Monika Heiner
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | - Christos Samakovlis
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Rare Disease Unit, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Aquila
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Rare Disease Unit, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, Creteil, France
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Parviz Minoo
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Corresponding author: Saverio Bellusci, ; or, Stefano Rivetti, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany;
| | - Stefano Rivetti
- Corresponding author: Saverio Bellusci, ; or, Stefano Rivetti, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany;
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Zhu Z, Camargo CA, Raita Y, Fujiogi M, Liang L, Rhee EP, Woodruff PG, Hasegawa K. Metabolome subtyping of severe bronchiolitis in infancy and risk of childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:102-112. [PMID: 34119532 PMCID: PMC8660920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants with bronchiolitis are at increased risk for developing asthma. Growing evidence suggests bronchiolitis is a heterogeneous condition. OBJECTIVES We sought to identify biologically distinct subgroups based on the metabolome signatures (metabotypes) in infants with severe bronchiolitis and to examine the longitudinal relationships of metabotypes with asthma development. METHODS In a multicenter prospective cohort study of infants (age, <12 months) hospitalized for bronchiolitis, the nasopharyngeal airway metabolome was profiled at hospitalization. Using a clustering approach, this study identified mutually exclusive metabotypes. This study also examined their longitudinal association with the risk of developing asthma by 5 years of age. RESULTS Of 918 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis (median age, 3 months), this study identified 5 distinct metabotypes-characterized by their nasopharyngeal metabolome profile: A, glycerophosphocholine-high; B, amino acid-high, polyunsaturated fatty acid-low; C, amino acid-high, glycerophospholipid-low; D, glycerophospholipid-high; and E, mixed. Compared with infants with metabotype A (who clinically resembled "classic" bronchiolitis), infants with metabotype B had a significantly higher risk for developing asthma (23% vs 41%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.07-4.69). The pathway analysis showed that metabotype B had enriched amino acid (eg, methionine, histidine, glutathione) and α-linolenic/linoleic acid metabolism pathways (false discovery rate, <5 × 10-14 for all). Finally, the transcriptome analysis revealed that infants with metabotype B had upregulated IFN-α and IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathways and downregulated fatty acid metabolism pathways (false discovery rate, <0.05 for both). CONCLUSIONS In this multicenter prospective cohort study of infants with severe bronchiolitis, the clustering analysis of metabolome data identified biologically distinct metabotypes, including a metabotype characterized by high inflammatory amino acids and low polyunsaturated fatty acids that is at significantly increased risk for developing asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Yoshihiko Raita
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Michimasa Fujiogi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Liming Liang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Xu J, Lin H, Wu G, Zhu M, Li M. IL-6/STAT3 Is a Promising Therapeutic Target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:760971. [PMID: 34976809 PMCID: PMC8714735 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.760971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor of which the occurrence and development, the tumorigenicity of HCC is involving in multistep and multifactor interactions. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional inflammatory cytokine, has increased expression in HCC patients and is closely related to the occurrence of HCC and prognosis. IL-6 plays a role by binding to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and then triggering the Janus kinase (JAK) associated with the receptor, stimulating phosphorylation and activating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) to initiate downstream signals, participating in the processes of anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of cancer cells. IL-6/STAT3 signal axes elicit an immunosuppressive in tumor microenvironment, it is important to therapy HCC by blocking the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. Recent, some inhibitors of IL-6/STAT3 have been development, such as S31-201 or IL-6 neutralizing monoclonal antibody (IL-6 mAb), Madindoline A (Inhibits the dimerization of IL-6/IL-6R/gpl30 trimeric complexes), C188-9 and Curcumin (Inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation), etc. for treatment of cancers. Overall, consideration of the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway, and its role in the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC will contribute to the development of potential drugs for targeting treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnv Xu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Haifeng Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
- Institution of Tumour, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
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Network Pharmacology-Based Analysis of the Underlying Mechanism of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. for Antiasthma: A Characteristic Medicinal Material in Xinjiang. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7671247. [PMID: 34880921 PMCID: PMC8648465 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7671247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. (Shen Xiang Cao (SXC)), a traditional medicine herb in Xinjiang, has a long history of being used by minorities to treat asthma. However, its active antiasthmatic compounds and underlying mechanism of action are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioactive compounds and explore the molecular mechanism of SCX in the treatment of asthma using network pharmacology. Methods The compounds of SCX were collected by a literature search, and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction were used to predict targets and screen active compounds. Moreover, asthma-related targets were obtained based on DisGeNET, Herb, and GeneCards databases, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built by the STRING database. Furthermore, the topological analysis of the PPI and SXC-compound-target networks were analyzed and established by Cytoscape software. Finally, the RStudio software package was used for carrying out Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. AutoDock tools and AutoDock Vina were used to molecularly dock the active compounds and key targets. Results A total of 8 active compounds and 258 potential targets related to SXC were predicted, and PPI network screened out key targets, including IL-6, JUN, TNF, IL10, and CXCL8. GO enrichment analysis involved cell responses to reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, chemical stress, etc. In addition, KEGG pathway analysis showed that SXC effectively treated asthma through regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways, interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathways, toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways. Conclusion The preliminary study that was based on multiple compounds, multiple targets, and multiple pathways provides a scientific basis for further elucidating the molecules involved and the underlying antiasthma-related mechanisms of SXC.
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Jung F, Liu J, Yang S, Tseng H, Chou SP, Lin J, Jow G. FJU-C28 inhibits the endotoxin-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines expression via suppressing JNK, p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00876. [PMID: 34669271 PMCID: PMC8527890 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite marked improvements in supportive care, the mortality rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome due to the excessive inflammatory response caused by direct or indirect lung injury induced by viral or bacterial infection is still high. In this study, we explored the anti-inflammatory effect of FJU-C28, a new 2-pyridone-based synthetic compound, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo models. FJU-C28 suppressed the LPS-induced mRNA and protein expression of iNOS, COX2 and proinflammatory cytokines. The cytokine protein array results showed that LPS stimulation enhanced the secretion of IL-10, IL-6, GCSF, Eotaxin, TNFα, IL-17, IL-1β, Leptin, sTNF RII, and RANTES. Conversely, the LPS-induced secretion of RANTES, TIMP1, IL-6, and IL-10 was dramatically suppressed by FJU-C28. FJU-C28 suppressed the LPS-induced expression of RANTES, but its parental compound FJU-C4 was unable to diminish RANTES in cell culture media or cell lysates. FJU-C28 blocked the secretion of IL-6 and RANTES in LPS-activated macrophages by regulating the activation of JNK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). FJU-C28 prevented the LPS-induced decreases in lung function including vital capacity (VC), lung compliance (C chord), forced expiratory volume at 100 ms (FEV100), and forced vital capacity (FVC) in mice with LPS-induced systemic inflammatory responses. FJU-C28 also reduced neutrophil infiltration in the interstitium, lung damage and circulating levels of IL-6 and RANTES in mice with systemic inflammation. In conclusion, these findings suggest that FJU-C28 possesses anti-inflammatory activities to prevent endotoxin-induced lung function decrease and lung damages by down-regulating proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and RANTES via suppressing the JNK, p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Jung
- Department of Respiratory TherapyFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Deparment of ChemistryFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Jung‐Sen Liu
- Department of Respiratory TherapyFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Department of SurgeryCathay General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Shih‐Hsing Yang
- Department of Respiratory TherapyFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Hui‐Yun Tseng
- Department of Respiratory TherapyFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Deparment of ChemistryFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical ScienceFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | | | - Jau‐Chen Lin
- Department of Respiratory TherapyFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Guey‐Mei Jow
- School of MedicineFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
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Menberu MA, Cooksley C, Ramezanpour M, Bouras G, Wormald PJ, Psaltis AJ, Vreugde S. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of probiotic properties of Corynebacterium accolens isolated from the human nasal cavity. Microbiol Res 2021; 255:126927. [PMID: 34875424 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium accolens strains are increasingly recognized as beneficial bacteria that can confer a health benefit on the host. In the current study, the probiotic potential of three C. accolens strains, C779, C781 and C787 derived from a healthy human nasal cavity were investigated. These strains were examined for their adhesion to HNECs, competition with Staphylococcus aureus for adhesion, toxicity, induction of IL-6, antibiotic susceptibility and the presence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Furthermore, the safety and efficacy of strains were evaluated in vivo using Caenorhabditis elegans. The adhesion capacity of C. accolens to HNECs was strain-dependent. Highest adhesion was observed for strain C781. None of the C. accolens strains tested caused cell lysis. All strains were able to outcompete S. aureus for cell adhesion and caused a significant decrease of IL-6 production by HNECs co-exposed to S. aureus when compared to the control groups. All strains were sensitive or showed intermediate sensitivity to 10 different antibiotics. Whole Genome Sequence analysis showed C. accolens C781 and C787 did not possess antibiotic resistance genes whereas strain C779 harboured 5 genes associated with resistance to Aminoglycoside, Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin. In addition, no virulence genes were detected in any of the 3 strains. Moreover, the tested strains had no detrimental effect on worm survival and induced protection from S. aureus-mediated infection. Taken all together, C. accolens strains, C781 and C787 displayed probiotic potential and hold promise for use in clinical applications for combating dysbiosis in chronic rhinosinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Alemayehu Menberu
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville, SA, Australia; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Clare Cooksley
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville, SA, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Ramezanpour
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville, SA, Australia
| | - George Bouras
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville, SA, Australia
| | - Peter-John Wormald
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville, SA, Australia
| | - Alkis James Psaltis
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Vreugde
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville, SA, Australia.
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Park S, Kim IS, Park SY, Seo SA, Yang JE, Hwang E. The Protective Effect of Edible Bird's Nest against the Immune-senescence Process of UVB-irradiated Hairless Mice †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:949-957. [PMID: 34808003 DOI: 10.1111/php.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Edible bird's nest (EBN) is a nutritious food with many beneficial effects, including protecting cells against oxidation and infection due to wounds, bacteria or viruses. EBN has shown antiaging, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties in skin cells. Here, we investigated whether EBN has protective effects against photoaging, inflammation and immune-senescence in hairless mice treated with UVB irradiation. The skin thickness was lower in mice on an EBN diet than in mice treated with UVB alone. The level of hydration was significantly increased, while the index of transepidermal water loss decreased, in groups on the EBN diet. EBN also reduced erythema index in UVB-irradiated mice. At the molecular level, skin elasticity and antiaging are associated with high expression of elastin, collagen and filaggrin and low expression of the membrane metalloproteinases, MMP-1 and MMP-2. Inflammatory markers such as interleukins, IL-1β and IL-6, and TNF-α decreased significantly in the EBN groups. Caspase-3, an important factor in the apoptotic pathway and in congenital and adaptive immune responses, decreased in the EBN groups. Moreover, EBN diminished the overexpression of immunoglobulin E and elevated mast cell counts in UVB-irradiated mice. Overall, these findings suggest that EBN protects skin against aging and alleviates inflammation in UVB-irradiated hairless mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seul A Seo
- SD Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Ganseo-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Symvoulakis EK, Kamekis A, Drakonaki E, Mastrodemou S, Ryerson CJ, Antoniou K. Frailty and chronic respiratory disease: the need for a multidisciplinary care model. SARCOIDOSIS VASCULITIS AND DIFFUSE LUNG DISEASES 2021; 38:e2021031. [PMID: 34744425 PMCID: PMC8552571 DOI: 10.36141/svdld.v38i3.11599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background. Frailty is a state of increased vulnerability to various health stressors but little information is summarized about frailty in patients with specific chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and asthma. Objective. We aimed to describe the burden of frailty on patients with chronic respiratory disorders and to discuss the need for multidisciplinary care services. Methods. PubMed and Cochrane Central databases were systematically reviewed for studies reporting outcomes associated with frailty in COPD, IPF, and asthma. Electronic databases were searched for relevant articles published in English from 2010 up to July 2020. Appraisal was carried out based on the Hierarchy of Evidence Rating System and the GRADE guidelines. Results. A total of 31 articles met all inclusion criteria with 24 of them at level IV, 1 at level V, and 6 at level VI. Frailty is likely to negatively affect quality of life and to increase the risk of mortality, especially in elderly with COPD, IPF and asthma. Each disease has a particular effect on the balance between health status, respiratory impairment and frailty. A greater understanding of frailty phenotype across different ages, as well as in a range of long-term conditions, is of great necessity in both clinical and research settings. Limited conformity was observed between different methodologies and nature of chronic diseases studied, leading to a further difficulty to extract homogeneous information. Conclusion. Literature shows that frailty is prevalent in COPD, IPF, and asthma, after adjusting for shared risk factors. Our findings suggest that frailty should be approached as an entity per se’, in order to assess real mortality risk, alongside respiratory disease severity and the presence of comorbidities. Health care professionals need knowledge, skills and multidisciplinary collaboration to buffer the impact of frailty on everyday practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil K Symvoulakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | - Semeli Mastrodemou
- Molecular & Cellular Pneumonology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christopher J Ryerson
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katerina Antoniou
- Molecular & Cellular Pneumonology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Huang H, Huang X, Zeng K, Deng F, Lin C, Huang W. Interleukin-6 is a Strong Predictor of the Frequency of COPD Exacerbation Within 1 Year. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2945-2951. [PMID: 34737559 PMCID: PMC8560075 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s332505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Persistent chronic inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with poor outcomes and frequently results in acute exacerbation. Predicting the number of exacerbations is important. Because interleukin 6 (IL-6) plays an important role in inducing and maintaining chronic inflammation, we sought to observe whether IL-6 measurement can predict the frequency of acute exacerbation of COPD. Methods We reviewed serum IL-6 concentrations of stable COPD patients from January 2016 to December 2017 and statistically analyzed them to determine the optimal threshold value to predict the frequency of COPD acute exacerbations. Outpatients with stable COPD were then recruited between January 2018 and December 2019 and grouped into a low IL-6 group and a high IL-6 group according to this threshold value. We then compared the number of exacerbations of COPD in 1 year between the two groups. Results We reviewed data from 95 COPD patients, who had a median of 1.00 exacerbations in preceding year; 35 of these patients had no fewer than two. The median IL-6 concentration was 8.80 pg/mL. IL-6 and hs-CRP were positively correlated with frequency of acute exacerbation in the preceding year, COPD assessment test (CAT) score and British medical research council (mMRC) score, and negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second as percentage of predicted value (FEV1%pred) and FEV1/FVC% (forced vital capacity). IL-6 was the risk factor of COPD patients with two or more exacerbations in 1 year. Finally, we enrolled 65 COPD patients and divided into low IL-6 group and high IL-6 group; the high IL-6 group experienced more frequent exacerbations than did the low IL-6 group. Conclusion An IL-6 measurement of 14.030 pg/mL or more is a risk factor for ≥2 acute exacerbations of COPD in the following year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510010, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, 516001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, 516001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaojuan Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, 516001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, 516001, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqing Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, 516001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510010, People's Republic of China
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Biddle TA, Li Q, Maltz MR, Tandel PN, Chakraborty R, Yisrael K, Drover R, Cocker DR, Lo DD. Salton Sea aerosol exposure in mice induces a pulmonary response distinct from allergic inflammation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148450. [PMID: 34157526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In communities surrounding the Salton Sea, high rates of asthma are associated with high aerosol dust levels. However, the Salton Sea itself may play an additional role in pulmonary health. Therefore, to investigate a potential role of the Salton Sea on pulmonary health, we exposed mice to aerosolized Salton Sea water for 7 days and assessed tissue responses, including cellular infiltration and gene expression changes. For reference, mice were also exposed to aerosolized fungal allergen (Alternaria sp.) and Pacific Ocean aerosols. Exposure to aerosolized Alternaria sp. induced dramatic allergic inflammation, including neutrophil and eosinophil recruitment to the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue. By contrast, Salton Sea "spray" induced only B cell recruitment to the lung tissue without increased inflammatory cell numbers in BALF. However, there were consistent gene expression changes suggestive of an inflammatory response. The response to the Salton Sea spray was notably distinct from the response to Pacific Ocean water, which induced some B cell recruitment but without an inflammatory gene expression profile. Our studies suggest that soluble components in Salton Sea water promote induction of a unique inflammation-associated response, though any relationship to asthma remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor A Biddle
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA; BREATHE Center, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Mia R Maltz
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA; BREATHE Center, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Center for Health Disparities Research, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Purvi N Tandel
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Rajrupa Chakraborty
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA; BREATHE Center, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Keziyah Yisrael
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA; BREATHE Center, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Drover
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - David R Cocker
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - David D Lo
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA; BREATHE Center, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Center for Health Disparities Research, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
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In vitro impact preliminary assessment of airborne particulate from metalworking and woodworking industries. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20181. [PMID: 34642423 PMCID: PMC8511069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate the mode of action of pollutants. Gillian3500 pumps were used to collect the airborne particulate from woodworking and metalworking environments. EpiAirway tissues were used to model half working day (4 h), full working day (8 h), and 3 working day exposures to occupational pollutants. Tissue viability was assessed using an MTT assay. For preliminary assessment, RT-qPCR analyses were performed to analyze the expression of gelsolin, caspase-3, and IL-6. Tissue morphology was assessed by hematoxylin/eosin staining. An effect on the proliferation of lung epithelial cell line A549 was assessed. Acute exposure to workspace pollutants slightly affected tissue viability and did not change the morphology. No inhibiting effect was observed on the proliferation of A549 cells. Preliminary analysis showed that both types of particles suppressed the expression of gelsolin, with the effect of metalworking samples being more pronounced. A slight reduction in caspase-3 expression was observed. Particles from metalworking suppressed IL-6 expression.
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Moon J, Lee JS, Yoon YI, Chang SH, Lee YA, Ha YJ, Kang EH, Park YB, Lee H, Choe JY, Lee EY. Association of Serum Biomarkers With Pulmonary Involvement of Rheumatoid Arthritis Interstitial Lung Disease: From KORAIL Cohort Baseline Data. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2021; 28:234-241. [PMID: 37476358 PMCID: PMC10324911 DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2021.28.4.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective The increase in mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is well known However, there are few studies on serum markers that can evaluate acute exacerbation or prognosis in RA-ILD patients The purpose of this study was to identify the association between biomarkers and lung lesions in patients with RA-ILD. Methods We analyzed 153 patients with serum samples in a prospective, multicenter cohort of Korean RA-ILD patients The serum levels of biomarkers, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-7), surfactant protein-D (SP-D), and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) were measured and correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC), diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and the results of computed tomography (CT) CT results were interpreted semi-quantitatively according to the extent of lung lesions (grade 1, 0%∼25%; grade 2, 26%∼50%; grade 3, 51%∼75%; grade 4, 76%∼100%). Results MMP-7, SP-D, and KL-6 were negatively correlated with FVC (MMP-7, r=-0267, p=0001; SP-D, r=-0250, p=0002; KL-6, r=-0223, p=0006) and DLCO (MMP-7, r=-0404, p<0001; SP-D, r=-0286, p=0001; KL-6, r=-0226, p=0007) In addition, MMP-7, SP-D, and KL-6 tended to increase with higher grades of lung lesions on CT (MMP-7, p=0013; SP-D, p<0001; KL-6, p<0001). Conclusion MMP-7, SP-D, and KL-6 can be used to evaluate the functional and anatomical status of lung involvement in the RA-ILD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Moon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Im Yoon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hae Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yeon Ah Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - You-Jung Ha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun Ha Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwajeong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Choe
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kountz TS, Jairaman A, Kountz CD, Stauderman KA, Schleimer RP, Prakriya M. Differential Regulation of ATP- and UTP-Evoked Prostaglandin E 2 and IL-6 Production from Human Airway Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1275-1287. [PMID: 34389624 PMCID: PMC8816324 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The airway epithelial cells (AECs) lining the conducting passageways of the lung secrete a variety of immunomodulatory factors. Among these, PGE2 limits lung inflammation and promotes bronchodilation. By contrast, IL-6 drives intense airway inflammation, remodeling, and fibrosis. The signaling that differentiates the production of these opposing mediators is not understood. In this study, we find that the production of PGE2 and IL-6 following stimulation of human AECs by the damage-associated molecular pattern extracellular ATP shares a common requirement for Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. ATP-mediated synthesis of PGE2 required activation of metabotropic P2Y2 receptors and CRAC channel-mediated cytosolic phospholipase A2 signaling. By contrast, ATP-evoked synthesis of IL-6 occurred via activation of ionotropic P2X receptors and CRAC channel-mediated calcineurin/NFAT signaling. In contrast to ATP, which elicited the production of both PGE2 and IL-6, the uridine nucleotide, UTP, stimulated PGE2 but not IL-6 production. These results reveal that human AECs employ unique receptor-specific signaling mechanisms with CRAC channels as a signaling nexus to regulate release of opposing immunomodulatory mediators. Collectively, our results identify P2Y2 receptors, CRAC channels, and P2X receptors as potential intervention targets for airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Kountz
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Amit Jairaman
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Candace D Kountz
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL;
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Liu C, Huang XL, Liang JP, Zhong X, Wei ZF, Dai LX, Wang J. Serum‑derived exosomes from house dust mite‑sensitized guinea pigs contribute to inflammation in BEAS‑2B cells via the TLR4‑NF‑κB pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:747. [PMID: 34458929 PMCID: PMC8436231 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells, which are the first physical defense barrier against allergens, play a pivotal role in immunity, airway inflammation and airway remodeling. The damage and dysfunction of these cells trigger the development of airway inflammatory diseases. Exosomes, which exist in various bodily fluids, mediate cell-cell communication and participate in the immune response process. The present study aimed to investigate whether serum exosomes play a pro-inflammatory role in bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) and, if so, explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. A guinea pig model of House dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma was established by sensitizing the rodents with HDM and PBS, and serum-derived exosomes were harvested. It was found that serum-derived exosomes from HDM-sensitized guinea pigs displayed higher levels of exosomal markers than those from controls. Additionally, western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR indicated that serum-derived exosomes from HDM-sensitized guinea pigs carried heat shock protein 70 and triggered an inflammatory response in BEAS-2B cells via the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-NF-κB pathway. However, TAK-242, an inhibitor of the expression of TLR4, blocked the activation of the TLR4-NF-κB pathway. These findings provided a novel mechanism for exosome-mediated inflammatory responses and a new perspective for the intervention of inflammatory airway disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Huang
- Dental Implant and Restoration Centre, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Liang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhong
- The Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Feng Wei
- The Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xue Dai
- The Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- The Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Burr AC, Velazquez JV, Ulu A, Kamath R, Kim SY, Bilg AK, Najera A, Sultan I, Botthoff JK, Aronson E, Nair MG, Nordgren TM. Lung Inflammatory Response to Environmental Dust Exposure in Mice Suggests a Link to Regional Respiratory Disease Risk. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4035-4052. [PMID: 34456580 PMCID: PMC8387588 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s320096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Salton Sea, California's largest lake, is designated as an agricultural drainage reservoir. In recent years, the lake has experienced shrinkage due to reduced water sources, increasing levels of aerosolized dusts in surrounding regions. Communities surrounding the Salton Sea have increased asthma prevalence versus the rest of California; however, a connection between dust inhalation and lung health impacts has not been defined. METHODS We used an established intranasal dust exposure murine model to study the lung inflammatory response following single or repetitive (7-day) exposure to extracts of dusts collected in regions surrounding the Salton Sea (SSDE), complemented with in vitro investigations assessing SSDE impacts on the airway epithelium. RESULTS In these investigations, single or repetitive SSDE exposure induced significant lung inflammatory cytokine release concomitant with neutrophil influx. Repetitive SSDE exposure led to significant lung eosinophil recruitment and altered expression of genes associated with allergen-mediated immune response, including Clec4e. SSDE treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) induced inflammatory cytokine production at 5- and 24-hours post-treatment. When BEAS-2B were exposed to protease activity-depleted SSDE (PDSSDE) or treated with SSDE in the context of protease-activated receptor-1 and -2 antagonism, inflammatory cytokine release was decreased. Furthermore, repetitive exposure to PDSSDE led to decreased neutrophil and eosinophilic influx and IL-6 release in mice compared to SSDE-challenged mice. CONCLUSION These investigations demonstrate potent lung inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling in response to SSDE, in part due to environmental proteases found within the dusts. These studies provide the first evidence supporting a link between environmental dust exposure, protease-mediated immune activation, and respiratory disease in the Salton Sea region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail C Burr
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jalene V Velazquez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Rohan Kamath
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Sang Yong Kim
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Amanpreet K Bilg
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Aileen Najera
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Iman Sultan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jon K Botthoff
- Center for Conservation Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Emma Aronson
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Meera G Nair
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Ilari S, Vitiello L, Russo P, Proietti S, Milić M, Muscoli C, Cardaci V, Tomino C, Bonassi G, Bonassi S. Daily Vegetables Intake and Response to COPD Rehabilitation. The Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and DNA Damage. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082787. [PMID: 34444947 PMCID: PMC8398833 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease associated with airways inflammation and lung parenchyma fibrosis. The primary goals of COPD treatment are to reduce symptoms and risk of exacerbations, therefore pulmonary rehabilitation is considered the key component of managing COPD patients. Oxidative airway damage, inflammation and reduction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes are known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Recently, also natural antioxidants have been considered as they play an important role in metabolism, DNA repair and fighting the effects of oxidative stress. In this paper we evaluated the response of 105 elderly COPD patients to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), based on high or low vegetable consumption, by analyzing clinical parameters and biological measurements at baseline and after completion of the three weeks PR. We found that daily vegetable intake in normal diet, without any specific intervention, can increase the probability to successfully respond to rehabilitation (65.4% of responders ate vegetables daily vs. 40.0% of non-responders, p = 0.033). The association was especially evident in subjects ≥ 80 year of age (OR = 17.0; p < 0.019). Three weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation are probably too short to reveal a reduction of the oxidative stress and DNA damage, but are enough to show an improvement in the patient’s inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ilari
- Department of Health Science, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88201 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.I.); (C.M.)
| | - Laura Vitiello
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Russo
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (S.B.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-5225-3409
| | - Stefania Proietti
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Department of Health Science, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88201 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.I.); (C.M.)
| | - Vittorio Cardaci
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carlo Tomino
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gaia Bonassi
- S.C. Medicina Fisica e Riabilitazione Ospedaliera, ASL4, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Chiavarese, 16034 Chiavari, Italy;
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (S.B.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
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Deng S, Gong X, Long Z, Bao B, Meng F, Feng J, Kuang H, Li H, Wang B, Wang J. Xuefu Zhuyu decoction improves asthma-induced asthenozoospermia based on network pharmacology and in vivo experiment. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14198. [PMID: 34375006 DOI: 10.1111/and.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to verify that Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZYD) can improve asthenozoospermia caused by asthma, and explore its potential mechanism. Ovalbumin solution is used to induce asthma rat models. Sperm concentration and motility are used to evaluate semen quality. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting and real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) are used to detect proteins and mRNA related to rat testis tissue. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe changes in testicular tissues. Through network pharmacology, eriodictyol, 18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid, naringenin, chrysin and Hispidulin were prominent active ingredients of XFZYD. We found that XFZYD regulates the expression levels of albumin (ALB), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin 6 (IL-6) protein and mRNA, thereby improving the histopathological morphology of the testis, increasing the concentration and motility of spermatozoa. We suggest that future research can increase the detection of hormones and oxidative stress and other related indicators, so as to conduct more in-depth exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Deng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwen Long
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Binghao Bao
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fanchao Meng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junlong Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Kuang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haisong Li
- Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jisheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Wu SC, Rau CS, Kuo PJ, Shih FY, Lin HP, Wu YC, Hsieh TM, Liu HT, Hsieh CH. Profiling the Expression of Circulating Acute-Phase Proteins, Cytokines, and Checkpoint Proteins in Patients with Severe Trauma: A Pilot Study. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3739-3753. [PMID: 34393495 PMCID: PMC8354739 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s324056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Severe trauma may lead to the systemic release of inflammatory mediators into the circulation with profound acute-phase responses; however, the understanding of the expression of these mediators remains limited. This study aimed to characterize the alterations in the expression of circulating acute-phase proteins, cytokines, and checkpoint proteins in patients with severe trauma injuries. Patients and Methods The study population included trauma patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) with an injury severity score equal to or greater than 16 and who had used a ventilator for 48 hours. A total of 12 female and 28 male patients were recruited for the study; six patients died and 34 survived. Blood samples collected at acute stages were compared with those drawn at the subacute stage, the time when the patients were discharged from the ICU, or before the discharge of the patients from the hospital. Results The study identified that the expression of acute-phase proteins, such as alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and C-reactive protein, and cytokines, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, was elevated in the circulation after severe trauma. In contrast, the levels of acute-phase proteins, such as alpha-2-macroglobulin, serum amyloid P, and von Willebrand factor, and cytokines, including interleukin-4 and interferon gamma-induced protein 10, were reduced. However, there were no significant differences in the expression of checkpoint proteins in the circulation. Conclusion The dysregulated proteins identified in this study may serve as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers for treating patients with severe trauma. However, the related biological functions of these dysregulated factors require further investigation to validate their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Shyuan Rau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Jen Kuo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yuan Shih
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chan Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Min Hsieh
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hang-Tsung Liu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lou Y, Ke Q, Cui H, Shang Y, Yang C. Correlation study of cytokine levels in alveolar lavage fluid with exhaled nitric oxide and lung function in children with bronchial asthma. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:2069-2075. [PMID: 34584877 PMCID: PMC8429859 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung cytokine expression, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and pulmonary function test results in pediatric asthmatics have not been extensively characterized. This study sought to explore correlations between cytokines BALF, FeNO, and pulmonary function test results. METHODS From October 2018 to October 2020, a prospective study was conducted on 42 children with asthma and 17 children with pulmonary foreign bodies that required bronchoscopy. Pulmonary function tests and FeNO tests were performed on all patients. Patients were divided into a high FeNO group or low FeNO group based on their FeNO results. Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, and IL-17 in the BALF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Pearson correlations were used to assess the correlations between the cytokines in BALF, the pulmonary function test results, and the FeNO results. Pearson correlation was used to calculate the correlation coefficient "r" among alveolar lavage fluid cytokines, lung function, and FeNO. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of BALF cytokines for the high and low FeNO groups. RESULTS IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, and IL-17 in BALF were significantly correlated with FeNO, but were not significantly correlated with the pulmonary function test results. Cytokine IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, and IL-17 in BALF were significantly different in the high FeNO, low FeNO, and control groups (all P<0.05). The AUCs for differentiating between low and high FeNO based on BALF cytokines ranged from 0.72 to 0.95. The sensitivity and specificity for discriminating between low and high FeNO based on IL-5 and IL-13 reached 95.7% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The cytokine levels of the BALF of children with asthma were significantly elevated, correlated with FeNO, and can be used evaluate airway inflammation in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lou
- The Second Ward of Pediatrics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qiuping Ke
- The Second Ward of Pediatrics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huailiang Cui
- The Second Ward of Pediatrics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ying Shang
- The Second Ward of Pediatrics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chengsheng Yang
- The Second Ward of Pediatrics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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The Pathogenic Role of Smooth Muscle Cell-Derived Wnt5a in a Murine Model of Lung Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080755. [PMID: 34451852 PMCID: PMC8401301 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease characterized by extensive fibrosis of the lung tissue. Wnt5a expression was observed to be upregulated in IPF and suggested to be involved in the progression of the disease. Interestingly, smooth muscle cells (SMC) are a major source of Wnt5a in IPF patients. However, no study has been conducted until now to investigate the precise role of smooth muscle-derived Wnt5a in IPF. Here, we used the bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model in a conditional gene-deficient mouse, where the Wnt5a gene was excised from SMC. We show here that the excision of the Wnt5a gene in SMC led to significantly improved health conditions with minimized weight loss and improved lung function. This improvement was based on a significantly lower deposition of collagen in the lung with a reduced number of fibrotic foci in lung parenchyma. Furthermore, the bleomycin-induced cellular infiltration into the airways was not altered in the gene-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Thus, we demonstrate that the Wnt5a expression of SMC of the airways leads to aggravated fibrosis of the lung with poor clinical conditions. This aggravation was not an influence in the bleomycin-induced inflammatory processes but on the development of fibrotic foci in lung parenchyma and the deposition of collagen.
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129
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Li P, Wang T, Chen M, Chen J, Shen Y, Chen L. RAGE-mediated functional DNA methylated modification contributes to cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation in mice. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210308. [PMID: 34017996 PMCID: PMC8243334 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study indicated knockout of receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) significantly attenuated cigarette smoke (CS)-induced airway inflammation in mice. In the present study, we aim to further detect the mediatory effects of RAGE in DNA methylated modification in CS-induced airway inflammation. Lung tissues from the CS-exposed mouse model of airway inflammation were collected for profiling of DNA methylation by liquid hybridization capture-based bisulfite sequencing, which were used for conjoint analysis with our previous data of gene expression by cDNA microarray to identify functional methylated genes, as well as hub genes selected by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and functional enrichment analyses were then performed. After RAGE knockout, 90 genes were identified by intersection of the differentially methylated genes and differentially expressed genes. According to the reversed effects of methylation in promoters on gene transcription, 14 genes with functional methylated modification were further identified, among which chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) and oncostatin M (OSM) with hypomethylation in promoters, were selected as the hub genes by PPI network analysis. Moreover, functional enrichment analyses showed the 14 functional methylated genes, including the 3 hub genes, were mainly enriched in immune-inflammatory responses, especially mitogen-activated protein kinase, tumor necrosis factor, TLRs, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17 pathways. The present study suggests that RAGE mediates functional DNA methylated modification in a cluster of 14 targeted genes, particularly hypomethylation in promoters of CXCL1, TLR6 and OSM, which might significantly contribute to CS-induced airway inflammation via a network of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Shen
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Ikbariyeh B, Al Habashneh R, Khassawneh B, Alrawashdeh M, Elsalim L, Al-Nusair J. Clinical and Biological Indicators of Periodontal Disease in Obese and non-Obese adults with and without Bronchial Asthma. J Asthma 2021; 59:1758-1766. [PMID: 34324826 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1962907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to assess clinical and inflammatory parameters as indicators for periodontal disease in obese and non-obese adults with and without bronchial asthma (BA).Methods: 168 patients visiting the outpatient pulmonary clinics were divided into four groups according to BA and obesity. Obesity was defined by body mass index (BMI) and BA was diagnosed by a pulmonary consultant and being on inhaled asthma medication for at least 12 months. Participants were examined for clinical periodontal parameters and samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were taken and analyzed for the levels of 5 different inflammatory cytokines.Results: Compared with controls, obese asthmatic group had significant higher mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) (2.64 vs. 1.00, p<.001). Also, the occurrence of periodontitis was significantly higher among obese patients compared to non-obese patients (p = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that age was the strongest predictor of periodontitis (aOR =1.23). The levels of IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly higher in the non-obese asthmatic group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The level of IL-6 was significantly lower in the control group compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). Obese patients had significantly higher concentration of hsCRP compared to non-obese patients (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the level of TNF- α between groups.Conclusions: BA and obesity combined did not seem to be associated with a significant increased risk of having periodontitis. BA and obesity are associated with increased levels of some local proinflammatory cytokines which adds to the local and systemic inflammatory burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Ikbariyeh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rola Al Habashneh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Basheer Khassawneh
- Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alrawashdeh
- Faculty of Nursing, Community and Mental Health Nursing, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jowan Al-Nusair
- Medical Student, College of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Su Y, Han W, Kovacs-Kasa A, Verin AD, Kovacs L. HDAC6 Activates ERK in Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling of COPD. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:603-614. [PMID: 34280336 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0520oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multisystemic respiratory disease which is associated with progressive airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling due to the increased proliferation of bronchial and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs and PASMCs) and overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM), e.g., collagen. Cigarette smoke (CS) and several mediators such as PDGF and IL-6 play critical role in the COPD pathogenesis. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown to be implicated in vascular remodeling. However, the HDAC6 signaling in airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling of COPD and the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Here we show that HDAC6 expression is upregulated in lungs of COPD patients and animal model. We also found that cigarette smoke extract (CSE), PDGF and IL-6 increase the protein levels and activation of HDAC6 in BSMCs and PASMCs. Furthermore, CSE and these stimulants induced deacetylation and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increased collagen synthesis and proliferation of BSMCs and PASMCs which were prevented by HDAC6 inhibition. Inhibition of ERK1/2 also diminished the CSE, PDGF and IL-6-caused elevation in collagen levels and cell proliferation. Pharmacological HDAC6 inhibition by tubastatin A prevented the CS-stimulated increases in the thickness of the bronchial and pulmonary arterial wall, airway resistance, emphysema as well as right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure (RVSP) and RV hypertrophy in rat model of COPD. These data demonstrate that the upregulated HDAC6 governs the collagen synthesis and proliferation of BSMCs and PASMCs leading to airway and vascular remodeling in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Su
- Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, 160343, Department of Pharmacology, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Weihong Han
- Augusta University, 1421, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | | | | | - Laszlo Kovacs
- Augusta University, 1421, Augusta, Georgia, United States;
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Yi E, Zhang J, Zheng M, Zhang Y, Liang C, Hao B, Hong W, Lin B, Pu J, Lin Z, Huang P, Li B, Zhou Y, Ran P. Long noncoding RNA IL6-AS1 is highly expressed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is associated with interleukin 6 by targeting miR-149-5p and early B-cell factor 1. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e479. [PMID: 34323408 PMCID: PMC8288003 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a complex condition with multiple etiologies, including inflammation. We identified a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), interleukin 6 antisense RNA 1 (IL6-AS1), which is upregulated in this disease and is associated with airway inflammation. We found that IL6-AS1 promotes the expression of inflammatory factors, especially interleukin (IL) 6. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic IL6-AS1 acts as an endogenous sponge by competitively binding to the microRNA miR-149-5p to stabilize IL-6 mRNA. Nuclear IL6-AS1 promotes IL-6 transcription by recruiting early B-cell factor 1 to the IL-6 promoter, which increases the methylation of the H3K4 histone and acetylation of the H3K27 histone. We propose a model of lncRNA expression in both the nucleus and cytoplasm that exerts similar effects through differing mechanisms, and IL6-AS1 probably increases inflammation via multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkang Yi
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Jiahuan Zhang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Mengning Zheng
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Yi Zhang
- GMU‐GIBH Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Binwei Hao
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Wei Hong
- GMU‐GIBH Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Biting Lin
- GMU‐GIBH Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Jinding Pu
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Zhiwei Lin
- GMU‐GIBH Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Bing Li
- GMU‐GIBH Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Yumin Zhou
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
| | - Pixin Ran
- National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University151 Yanjiang Xi RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510000China
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Vieira-Santos F, Leal-Silva T, de Lima Silva Padrão L, Ruas ACL, Nogueira DS, Kraemer L, Oliveira FMS, Caliari MV, Russo RC, Fujiwara RT, Bueno LL. Concomitant experimental coinfection by Plasmodium berghei NK65-NY and Ascaris suum downregulates the Ascaris-specific immune response and potentiates Ascaris-associated lung pathology. Malar J 2021; 20:296. [PMID: 34210332 PMCID: PMC8248286 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03824-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ascariasis and malaria are highly prevalent parasitic diseases in tropical regions and often have overlapping endemic areas, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates in areas with poor sanitary conditions. Several studies have previously aimed to correlate the effects of Ascaris-Plasmodium coinfections but have obtained contradictory and inconclusive results. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate parasitological and immunopathological aspects of the lung during murine experimental concomitant coinfection by Plasmodium berghei and Ascaris suum during larvae ascariasis. Methods C57BL/6J mice were inoculated with 1 × 104P. berghei strain NK65-NY-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) intraperitoneally and/or 2500 embryonated eggs of A. suum by oral gavage. P. berghei parasitaemia, morbidity and the survival rate were assessed. On the seventh day postinfection (dpi), A. suum lung burden analysis; bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); histopathology; NAG, MPO and EPO activity measurements; haematological analysis; and respiratory mechanics analysis were performed. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-6, IL-4, IL-33, IL-13, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF and TGF-β were assayed by sandwich ELISA. Results Animals coinfected with P. berghei and A. suum show decreased production of type 1, 2, and 17 and regulatory cytokines; low leukocyte recruitment in the tissue; increased cellularity in the circulation; and low levels of NAG, MPO and EPO activity that lead to an increase in larvae migration, as shown by the decrease in larvae recovered in the lung parenchyma and increase in larvae recovered in the airway. This situation leads to severe airway haemorrhage and, consequently, an impairment respiratory function that leads to high morbidity and early mortality. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the Ascaris-Plasmodium interaction is harmful to the host and suggests that this coinfection may potentiate Ascaris-associated pathology by dampening the Ascaris-specific immune response, resulting in the early death of affected animals. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-021-03824-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviane Vieira-Santos
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thaís Leal-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luiza de Lima Silva Padrão
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Loiola Ruas
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Denise Silva Nogueira
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas Kraemer
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vidigal Caliari
- Laboratory of Protozooses, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Remo Castro Russo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lilian Lacerda Bueno
- Laboratory of Immunology and Genomics of Parasites, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Proboszcz M, Goryca K, Nejman-Gryz P, Przybyłowski T, Górska K, Krenke R, Paplińska-Goryca M. Phenotypic Variations of Mild-to-Moderate Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases According to Airway Inflammation and Clinical Features. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2793-2806. [PMID: 34234506 PMCID: PMC8254142 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s309844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are complex and heterogeneous inflammatory diseases. We sought to investigate distinct disease profiles based on clinical, cellular and molecular data from patients with mild-to-moderate obstructive pulmonary diseases. Patients and Methods Patients with mild-to-moderate allergic asthma (n=30) and COPD (n=30) were prospectively recruited. Clinical characteristics and induced sputum were collected. In total, 35 mediators were assessed in induced sputum. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the optimal factors that were able to discriminate between asthma and COPD. Further, the data were explored using hierarchical clustering in order to discover and compare clusters of combined samples of asthma and COPD patients. Clinical parameters, cellular composition, and sputum mediators of asthma and COPD were assessed between and within obtained clusters. Results We found five clinical and biochemical variables, namely IL-6, IL-8, CCL4, FEV1/VC ratio pre-bronchodilator (%), and sputum neutrophils (%) that differentiated asthma and COPD and were suitable for discrimination purposes. A combination of those variables yielded high sensitivity and specificity in the differentiation between asthma and COPD, although only FEV1/VC ratio pre-bronchodilator (%) proven significant in the combined model. In cluster analysis, two main clusters were identified: cluster 1, asthma predominant with evidence of eosinophilic airway inflammation and low level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines; and cluster 2, COPD predominant with elevated levels of Th1 and Th2 mediators. Conclusion The inflammatory profile of sputum samples from patients with stable mild-to-moderate asthma and COPD is not disease specific, varies within the disease and might be similar between these diseases. This study highlights the need for phenotyping the mild-to-moderate stages according to their clinical and molecular features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Proboszcz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Goryca
- Genomics Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Nejman-Gryz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Przybyłowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Górska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Paplińska-Goryca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Pritzl CJ, Daniels MA, Teixeiro E. Interplay of Inflammatory, Antigen and Tissue-Derived Signals in the Development of Resident CD8 Memory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:636240. [PMID: 34234771 PMCID: PMC8255970 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8 positive, tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) are a specialized subset of CD8 memory T cells that surveil tissues and provide critical first-line protection against tumors and pathogen re-infection. Recently, much effort has been dedicated to understanding the function, phenotype and development of TRM. A myriad of signals is involved in the development and maintenance of resident memory T cells in tissue. Much of the initial research focused on the roles tissue-derived signals play in the development of TRM, including TGFß and IL-33 which are critical for the upregulation of CD69 and CD103. However, more recent data suggest further roles for antigenic and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review will focus on the interplay of pro-inflammatory, tissue and antigenic signals in the establishment of resident memory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Połomska J, Bar K, Sozańska B. Exhaled Breath Condensate-A Non-Invasive Approach for Diagnostic Methods in Asthma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10122697. [PMID: 34207327 PMCID: PMC8235112 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of asthma has been intensively studied, but its underlying mechanisms such as airway inflammation, control of airway tone, and bronchial reactivity are still not completely explained. There is an urgent need to implement novel, non-invasive diagnostic tools that can help to investigate local airway inflammation and connect the molecular pathways with the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations of asthma. The new biomarkers of different asthma endotypes could be used to confirm diagnosis, predict asthma exacerbations, or evaluate treatment response. In this paper, we briefly describe the characteristics of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) that is considered to be an interesting source of biomarkers of lung disorders. We look at the composition of EBC, some aspects of the collection procedure, the proposed biomarkers for asthma, and its clinical implications. We also indicate the limitations of the method and potential strategies to standardize the procedure of EBC collection and analytical methods.
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137
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Bhat TA, Kalathil SG, Leigh N, Muthumalage T, Rahman I, Goniewicz ML, Thanavala YM. Acute Effects of Heated Tobacco Product (IQOS) Aerosol Inhalation on Lung Tissue Damage and Inflammatory Changes in the Lungs. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:1160-1167. [PMID: 33346355 PMCID: PMC8186425 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging heated tobacco products (HTPs) were designed to reduce exposure to toxicants from cigarette smoke (CS) by avoiding burning tobacco and instead heating tobacco. We studied the effects of short-term inhalation of aerosols emitted from HTP called IQOS, on lung damage and immune-cell recruitment to the lungs in mice. METHODS Numerous markers of lung damage and inflammation including albumin and lung immune-cell infiltrates, proinflammatory cytokines, and chemokines were quantified in lungs and bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid from IQOS, CS, or air-exposed (negative control) mice. RESULTS Importantly, as a surrogate marker of lung epithelial-cell damage, we detected significantly increased levels of albumin in the BAL fluid of both HTP- and CS-exposed mice compared with negative controls. Total numbers of leukocytes infiltrating the lungs were equivalent following both IQOS aerosols and CS inhalation and significantly increased compared with air-exposed controls. We also observed significantly increased numbers of CD4+IL-17A+ T cells, a marker of a T-cell immune response, in both groups compared with air controls; however, numbers were the highest following CS exposure. Finally, the numbers of CD4+RORγt+ T cells, an inflammatory T-cell subtype expressing the transcription factor that is essential for promoting differentiation into proinflammatory Th17 cells, were significantly augmented in both groups compared with air-exposed controls. Levels of several cytokines in BAL were significantly elevated, reflecting a proinflammatory milieu. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that short-term inhalation of aerosols from IQOS generates damage and proinflammatory changes in the lung that are substantially similar to that elicited by CS exposure. IMPLICATIONS Exposure of mice to IQOS, one of the candidate modified-risk tobacco products, induces inflammatory immune-cell accumulation in the lungs and augments the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the BAL fluid. Such an exacerbated pulmonary proinflammatory microenvironment is associated with lung epithelial-cell damage in IQOS-exposed mice, suggesting a potential association with the impairment of lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Bhat
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Suresh G Kalathil
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Noel Leigh
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Thivanka Muthumalage
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Maciej L Goniewicz
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Yasmin M Thanavala
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
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Luo Y, Chen H, Huang R, Wu Q, Li Y, He Y. Guanosine and uridine alleviate airway inflammation via inhibition of the MAPK and NF-κB signals in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2021; 69:102049. [PMID: 34102301 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases. Lack of response or poor adherence to corticosteroids demands the development of new drug candidates for asthma. Endogenous nucleosides could be potential options since uridine has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect in asthma model. However, its molecular pathways and whether other nucleosides have similar therapeutic effects remain untouched. Thus, we herein report our investigation into the anti-inflammatory effects of guanosine and uridine, and the related inner signaling pathways in asthma model. Present study shows that administration of guanosine or uridine can reduce lung inflammation in OVA-challenged mice. Total cell counts in BALF, cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, OVA-specific IgE and mRNA level of Cxcl1, Cxlc3, IL-17 and Muc5ac were decreased in asthmatic mice after treatment. Besides, the production of IL-6 in LPS/IFN-γ induced THP-1 cells was also decreased by both nucleosides. In vivo and in vitro expressions of key molecules in the MAPK and NF-κB pathways were reduced after the treatment of both compounds. These findings suggest that guanosine has a similar potential therapeutic value in asthma as uridine and they exert anti-inflammatory effects through suppression of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ridong Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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139
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Tang J, Lin J, Zhang E, Zhong M, Luo Y, Fu Y, Yang Y. Serum IL-6 and procalcitonin are two promising novel biomarkers for evaluating the severity of COVID-19 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26131. [PMID: 34087864 PMCID: PMC8183731 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT To evaluate the development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the roles of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT) were assessed to diagnose severe COVID-19.Between January and February 2020, 100 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included and divided into common (n = 56), severe (n = 28), and critical (n = 16) groups.IL-6 and PCT levels were assayed and compared among groups. IL-6 levels were significantly different among groups (common, 23.93±9.64 pg/mL; severe, 69.22 ± 22.98 pg/mL; critical, 160.34 ± 26.15 pg/mL; P < .05), and there was also a significant difference in the levels of PCT among groups (common, 0.23 ± 0.13 ng/mL; severe, 0.38 ± 0.16 ng/mL; critical, 0.73 ± 0.36 ng/mL; P < .05). Further analysis showed that patients in the critical group had the highest levels of IL-6 and PCT, and those in the common group had the lowest levels (all P < .05).IL-6 and PCT are associated with the severity of COVID-19, and thus have potential value in the diagnosis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Tang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Dalang Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan
| | - Jingtao Lin
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Dalang Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan
| | - Erying Zhang
- Research and Development Department, Jinzhun Biological Engineering Co., Ltd. Shenzhen
| | - Mengru Zhong
- Department of Clinical laboratory, People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The Second Affiliated hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The Second Affiliated hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yewei Yang
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The Second Affiliated hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Khazdair MR, Gholamnezhad Z, Rezaee R, Boskabady MH. A qualitative and quantitative comparison of Crocus sativus and Nigella sativa immunomodulatory effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111774. [PMID: 34062409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present article reviews and compares the immunomodulatory activities of Crocus sativus (C. sativus) and Nigella sativa (N. sativa) and their main bioactive compounds. Immunomodulatory effects of these plants, especially with respect to Th1 and Th2 cytokines, are discussed based on relevant articles, books, and conference papers published in English until the end of April 2020, that were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. C. sativus and its constituents increase immunoglobulin (Ig-)G, interleukin 2 (IL)-2, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio, but decreased IgM, IL-10 and IL-4 secretion. N. sativa extract and thymoquinone reduce the levels of IL-2, -4, -10, and -12, while enhance IFN-γ and serum IgG1 and 2a. The reviewed articles indicate that C. sativus and N. sativa and their constituents could be potentially considered promising treatments for disorders associated with immune-dysregulation such as asthma and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholamnezhad
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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141
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Li S, Hui Y, Yuan J, Zhang Z, Li X, Fang N, Lin M, Hou Q. Syk-Targeted, a New 3-Arylbenzofuran Derivative EAPP-2 Blocks Airway Inflammation of Asthma-COPD Overlap in vivo and in vitro. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2173-2185. [PMID: 34079326 PMCID: PMC8164447 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s310875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) overlap (ACO) coexists with asthma and COPD syndrome characteristics, with more frequent exacerbations, heavier disease burden, higher medical utilization, and even lower quality of life. However, the ACO standard medications supported by evidence-based medicine have not yet appeared. Methods By using an ACO mouse model established previously and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro, a potential therapeutic candidate, EAPP-2, was screened from derivatives of 3-arylbenzofuran, and its effect and mechanism on ACO inflammation were evaluated. Results EAPP-2 significantly alleviated airway inflammation in ACO mice and also inhibited the inflammatory reactions in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, EAPP-2 significantly inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), a common target regulating both eosinophils and neutrophils inflammation. In addition to this, EAPP-2 significantly down-regulates the expression of NF-κB, p-NF-κB, and NLRP3 in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, by using specific inhibitors in vitro, it was validated that EAPP-2 targeted on Syk and then regulated its downstream NF-κB and NLRP3. Conclusion EAPP-2 is shown to be a potentially useful therapeutic candidate for ACO, and its mechanism is at least partially achieved by targeting on Syk and then inhibiting NF-κB or NLRP3. Moreover, this study suggests that Syk may be a potentially effective target for ACO therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hui
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiqiao Yuan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqian Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyu Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Fang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbao Lin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hou
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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142
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Borkar NA, Roos B, Prakash YS, Sathish V, Pabelick CM. Nicotinic α7 acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in human airway smooth muscle. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 706:108897. [PMID: 34004182 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diseases such as asthma are exacerbated by inflammation, cigarette smoke and even nicotine delivery devices such as e-cigarettes. However, there is currently little information on how nicotine affects airways, particularly in humans, and changes in the context of inflammation or asthma. Here, a longstanding assumption is that airway smooth muscle (ASM) that is key to bronchoconstriction has muscarinic receptors while nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) are only on airway neurons. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that human ASM expresses α7nAChR and explored its profile in inflammation and asthma using ASM of non-asthmatics vs. mild-moderate asthmatics. mRNA and western analysis showed the α7 subunit is most expressed in ASM cells and further increased in asthmatics and smokers, or by exposure to nicotine, cigarette smoke or pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-13. In these effects, signaling pathways relevant to asthma such as NFκB, AP-1 and CREB are involved. These novel data demonstrate the expression of α7nAChR in human ASM and suggest their potential role in asthma pathophysiology in the context of nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyati A Borkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Benjamin Roos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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143
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Tristantini D, Wahidin W, Feliana F, Widigarka M, Santoso LL. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity from Indonesian anti-degenerative herbs water extract. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:695-700. [PMID: 33977681 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made the number of patients gradually increase. Currently, the vaccine of SARS-CoV-2 is being researched and most of the people have to trust their immune system and being healthy as long as they could in the mean times. High antioxidant food is recommended for the people whom currently are reducing their activity from home with good exercise. Therefore, this research was focused on the Indonesian anti-degenerative herbs water extract for an immunomodulatory activity to maintain healthy productivity of lymphocyte cells and to regulate neutrophil cells production, also with antioxidant activity to maintain optimal function of the immune system. METHODS The antioxidant activity test was conducted with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the immunomodulator ability test was conducted with DDY-strain female mice (Mus musculus) for 28 days in five different groups. RESULTS The IC50 for gallic acid and mixed herbs extract solutions was 1.89 and 146.91 μg/mL, respectively. The immunomodulatory activity was determined from the result of leukocytes differentiation which could be seen from the lymphocytes and neutrophil t-test results that were significant at p<0.1. CONCLUSIONS From the results, it can be concluded that anti-degenerative extract has moderate antioxidant activity and an immunomodulator ability to regulate the productivity of lymphocyte and neutrophil cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Tristantini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Wahidin Wahidin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ferlita Feliana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Marosta Widigarka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Leon Lukhas Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
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144
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MacBeth M, Joetham A, Gelfand EW, Schedel M. Plasticity of Naturally Occurring Regulatory T Cells in Allergic Airway Disease Is Modulated by the Transcriptional Activity of Il-6. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094582. [PMID: 33925531 PMCID: PMC8123826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs) on the suppression or induction of lung allergic responses in mice depends on the nuclear environment and the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6). These activities were shown to be different in nTregs derived from wild-type (WT) and CD8-deficient mice (CD8−/−), with increased IL-6 levels in nTregs from CD8−/− mice in comparison to WT nTregs. Thus, identification of the molecular mechanisms regulating IL-6 production is critical to understanding the phenotypic plasticity of nTregs. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were performed to determine transcription factor binding to four Il-6 promoter loci using nuclear extracts from nTregs of WT and CD8−/− mice. Increased transcription factor binding for each of the Il-6 loci was identified in CD8−/− compared to WT nTregs. The impact of transcription factor binding and a novel short tandem repeat (STR) on Il-6 promoter activity was analyzed by luciferase reporter assays. The Il-6 promoter regions closer to the transcription start site (TSS) were more relevant to the regulation of Il-6 depending on NF-κB, c-Fos, and SP and USF family members. Two Il-6 promoter loci were most critical for the inducibility by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). A novel STR of variable length in the Il-6 promoter was identified with diverging prevalence in nTregs from WT or CD8−/− mice. The predominant GT repeat in CD8−/− nTregs revealed the highest luciferase activity. These novel regulatory mechanisms controlling the transcriptional regulation of the Il-6 promoter are proposed to contribute to nTregs plasticity and may be central to disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan MacBeth
- Division of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (M.M.); (A.J.); (E.W.G.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Anthony Joetham
- Division of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (M.M.); (A.J.); (E.W.G.)
| | - Erwin W. Gelfand
- Division of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (M.M.); (A.J.); (E.W.G.)
| | - Michaela Schedel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (M.M.); (A.J.); (E.W.G.)
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medical Center Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, 45239 Essen, Germany
- University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-82545
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145
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Coperchini F, Chiovato L, Rotondi M. Interleukin-6, CXCL10 and Infiltrating Macrophages in COVID-19-Related Cytokine Storm: Not One for All But All for One! Front Immunol 2021; 12:668507. [PMID: 33981314 PMCID: PMC8107352 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-COV-2 virus is responsible for the ongoing devastating pandemic. Since the early phase of the pandemic, the "cytokine-storm" appeared a peculiar aspect of SARS-COV-2 infection which, at least in the severe cases, is responsible for respiratory treat damage and subsequent multi-organ failure. The efforts made in the last few months elucidated that the cytokine-storm results from a complex network involving cytokines/chemokines/infiltrating-immune-cells which orchestrate the aberrant immune response in COVID-19. Clinical and experimental studies aimed at depicting a potential "immune signature" of SARS-COV-2, identified three main "actors," namely the cytokine IL-6, the chemokine CXCL10 and the infiltrating immune cell type macrophages. Although other cytokines, chemokines and infiltrating immune cells are deeply involved and their role should not be neglected, based on currently available data, IL-6, CXCL10, and infiltrating macrophages could be considered prototype factors representing each component of the immune system. It rapidly became clear that a strong and continuous interplay among the three components of the immune response is mandatory in order to produce a severe clinical course of the disease. Indeed, while IL-6, CXCL10 and macrophages alone would not be able to fully drive the onset and maintenance of the cytokine-storm, the establishment of a IL-6/CXCL10/macrophages axis is crucial in driving the sequence of events characterizing this condition. The present review is specifically aimed at overviewing current evidences provided by both in vitro and in vivo studies addressing the issue of the interplay among IL-6, CXCL10 and macrophages in the onset and progression of cytokine storm. SARS-COV-2 infection and the "cytokine storm."
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coperchini
- Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Chiovato
- Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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146
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Dawson RE, Jenkins BJ, Saad MI. IL-6 family cytokines in respiratory health and disease. Cytokine 2021; 143:155520. [PMID: 33875334 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung fibrosis represent a major burden on healthcare systems with limited effective therapeutic options. Developing effective treatments for these debilitating diseases requires an understanding of how alterations at the molecular level affect lung macroscopic architecture. A common theme among these lung disorders is the presence of an underlying dysregulated immune system which can lead to sustained chronic inflammation. In this respect, several inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, thus leading to the notion that cytokines are attractive therapeutic targets for these disorders. In this review, we discuss and highlight the recent breakthroughs that have enhanced our understanding of the role of the interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines in lung homeostasis and chronic diseases including asthma, COPD, lung fibrosis and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby E Dawson
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohamed I Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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147
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Kim SB, Seo YS, Kim HS, Lee AY, Chun JM, Kim WJ, Moon BC, Kwon BI. Root extract of Angelica reflexa B.Y.Lee reduces allergic lung inflammation by regulating Th2 cell activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113752. [PMID: 33359858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditionally, the roots of Angelica reflexa B.Y.Lee (AR) have been used to treat cough, phlegm, neuralgia, and arthralgia in Northeast Asia. AIM OF THE STUDY The anti-asthmatic effect of AR root extract (ARE) was determined using a murine airway allergic inflammation model and the primary T cell polarization assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate the anti-asthmatic effect of ARE, inflammatory cell infiltration was determined histologically and inflammatory mediators were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, the effects of AREs on Th2 cell differentiation and activation were determined by western blotting and flow cytometry. RESULTS Asthmatic phenotypes were alleviated by ARE treatment, which reduced mucus production, inflammatory cell infiltration (especially eosinophilia), and type 2 cytokine levels in BALF. ARE administration to mice reduced the number of activated Th2 (CD4+CD25+) cells and level of GATA3 in the lungs. Furthermore, ARE treatment inhibited the differentiation of Th2 cells in primary cell culture systems via interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the anti-asthmatic effect of AREs is mediated by the reduction in Th2 cell activation by regulating IRF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Bae Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea; Bio Technology Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Soo Seo
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Seon Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mi Chun
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Jin Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Cheol Moon
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-In Kwon
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea.
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148
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Kim SH, Kim HS, Min HK, Lee SW. Association between insulin resistance and lung function trajectory over 4 years in South Korea: community-based prospective cohort. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:110. [PMID: 33794844 PMCID: PMC8017677 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperglycemic conditions are associated with respiratory dysfunction. Although several studies have reported that insulin resistance (IR) is related to decreased lung function, the association between IR and change in lung function has been rarely studied. This study aimed to investigate the potential association of IR on annual change in lung function using a community-based prospective cohort in Korea. Methods We selected 4827 Korean participants whose serial lung functions were assessed over 4 years using 1:3 propensity score matching. Exposure was baseline IR estimated with homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and outcomes were annual changes in lung function determined by calculating the regression coefficient using least-square linear regression analysis. Results In the multivariate linear regression, per one unit increased log transformed HOMA-IR was associated with decline in FEV1%-predicted (β: − 0.23, 95% CI: − 0.36 to − 0.11) and FVC %-predicted (β: − 0.20, 95% CI: − 0.33 to − 0.08), respectively. In the generalized additive model plot, HOMA-IR showed a negative linear association with annual changes in FEV1%-predicted and FVC %-predicted. The suggested threshold of HOMA-IR for decline in lung function was 1.0 unit for annual change in FEV1%-predicted and 2.2 unit for annual change in FVC %-predicted. Age showed statistically significant effect modification on the relationship between HOMA-IR and annual change in FEV1%-predicted. Increased HOMA-IR was associated with the decreased annual change in FEV1%-predicted, particularly in older people. Conclusions In South Korea, increased HOMA-IR was associated with decline in lung function. Since IR was related to decline in FEV1%-predicted, particularly in older people, tailored approaches are needed in these populations. The potential pulmonary hazard of IR needs to be confirmed in future studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01478-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyuk Kim
- Medical Corps 2nd of Armored Brigade, Republic of Korea Army, Paju, Korea
| | - Hyun Sam Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, 68, Hangeulbiseok-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01735, Korea
| | - Hyang Ki Min
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, 68, Hangeulbiseok-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01735, Korea
| | - Sung Woo Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, 68, Hangeulbiseok-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01735, Korea.
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149
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Permaul P, Peters MC, Petty CR, Cardet JC, Ly NP, Ramratnam SK, Ross K, Fitzpatrick A, Israel E, Bacharier LB, Phipatanakul W. The association of plasma IL-6 with measures of asthma morbidity in a moderate-severe pediatric cohort aged 6-18 years. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:2916-2919.e2. [PMID: 33771493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Perdita Permaul
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, NY-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Michael C Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Carter R Petty
- Clinical Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Juan Carlos Cardet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla
| | - Ngoc P Ly
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Sima K Ramratnam
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, Wis
| | - Kristie Ross
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anne Fitzpatrick
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Elliot Israel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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Khaedir Y, Kartika R. Perspectives on Targeting IL-6 as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for COVID-19. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:37-43. [PMID: 33621130 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2020.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has been a major threat to global public health. In Indonesia, the cases have rapidly increased, and the case fatality rate remains high. With COVID-19, most of the deaths have been caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome and dysregulation of the immune response. A lung biopsy from a patient with COVID-19 showed inflammatory cellular infiltration with diffuse alveolar damage. Massive pulmonary destruction has also been reported as a result of highly increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), induced protein 10 (IP-10), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). IL-6 is an inflammatory cytokine produced by various cell types, including immune cells and nonleukocytes, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, type II pneumocytes, and certain tumor cells. Several studies have shown that IL-6 contributes to the severity and mortality of COVID-19. In this review, we would like to explore the immune response in COVID-19 and the role of IL-6 in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan Khaedir
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia.,Immunology, Master's Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
| | - Rona Kartika
- Division of Metabolic, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
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