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Waist circumference and risk of Parkinson’s disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:89. [PMID: 35803940 PMCID: PMC9270375 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many studies support the association of obesity with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), there are limited data regarding the association between abdominal obesity and PD, with mixed findings. The aim of this study was to examine the association of waist circumference (WC) with the risk of PD incidence. We retrospectively analyzed a large-scale nationwide cohort of 6,925,646 individuals aged ≥40 years who underwent the Korean National Health Screening during 2009. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the association of WC and abdominal obesity with PD risk and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD incidence. During a median follow-up period of 8.35 years, 33,300 cases of PD developed. PD incidence was positively associated with increases in WC (P for trend < 0.001). The risk of PD incidence tended to elevate as WC increased (P for trend < 0.001), indicating that the adjusted HRs of PD incidence in the highest WC group versus the reference group was 1.16 (95% CI, 1.10–1.23), whereas it was 0.91 (95% CI 0.84–0.98) in the lowest WC group. Individuals with abdominal obesity were significantly associated with an increased PD risk (HR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07–1.13). These associations persisted even after adjustment for body mass index and stratification by sex. Even among non-obese individuals, abdominal obesity was associated with a higher PD risk (adjusted HR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09–1.18). Taken together, higher WC and abdominal obesity were associated with increased PD risk. Even in non-obese individuals, abdominal obesity was associated with an increased PD risk.
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Park KY, Hong S, Kim KS, Han K, Park CY. Prolonged Use of Carnitine-Orotate Complex (Godex ®) Is Associated with Improved Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12121970. [PMID: 36556191 PMCID: PMC9787718 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12121970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its hepatoprotective effects and favorable metabolic effects, the association between carnitine-orotate complex (Godex®) intake and mortality has never been investigated. We enrolled 13,413 adults who underwent national health examination and were prescribed the carnitine-orotate complex. Subjects were classified into three groups based on duration of using carnitine-orotate complex: <30, 30−180, and ≥180 days and were followed-up until 2019. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. During the follow-up period, 708 deaths were documented. Adjusted HR of mortality was 0.69 (95% CI 0.51−0.92) in those who used carnitine-orotate complex for ≥180 days compared to those who used it for <30 days. Use of carnitine-orotate complex for ≥180 days was associated with significantly reduced mortality in individuals with metabolic risk factors such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver than the shorter period of use. A significant interaction was observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.29−0.63, p-value 0.001). In this nationwide study, longer use of carnitine-orotate complex was associated with improved mortality compared to a shorter period of use, and the risk reductions were prominent in individuals with metabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye-Yeung Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmo Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri 11923, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13497, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2001-1869; Fax: +82-2001-1588
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103
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Lee YJ, Choe S, Wy S, Jang M, Jeoung JW, Choi HJ, Park KH, Sun S, Kim YK. Demographics Prediction and Heatmap Generation From OCT Images of Anterior Segment of the Eye: A Vision Transformer Model Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:7. [DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.11.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sooyeon Choe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoyoung Wy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mirinae Jang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Jeoung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Jin Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sukkyu Sun
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kook Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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104
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Huh JH, Han KD, Cho YK, Roh E, Kang JG, Lee SJ, Ihm SH. Remnant cholesterol and the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:228. [PMID: 36324177 PMCID: PMC9632127 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, whether this notion applies to the East Asian population with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been established. This study investigated the association between remnant-C concentrations and the risk of CVD in Korean patients with T2D. METHODS By using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, 1,956,452 patients with T2D and without atherosclerotic CVD who underwent regular health checks between 2009 and 2012 were included. Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between remnant-C concentrations and incident CVD comprising myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke. RESULTS In total, 50,120 (2.56%) cases of MI and 73,231 (3.74%) cases of ischemic strokes occurred during a median follow-up of 8.1 years. The adjusted hazard ratios for MI and stroke in the highest remnant-C quartile were 1.281 (95% confidence interval [CIs], 1.249-1.314) for MI and 1.22 (1.195-1.247) for ischemic stroke, compared to those in the lowest quartiles. The results were similar, based on stratified analysis by age, sex, use of statin or fibrate, and levels of other cholesterol. The increased risk of CVD in the highest remnant-C quartile was profound in patients who had a longer T2D duration. A remnant-C concentration ≥ 30 mg/dL differentiated patients who were at a higher risk of CVD, compared to patients with a lower concentrations, regardless of whether LDL-C levels were or were not on target at ≤ 100 mg/dL. CONCLUSION In Korean patients with T2D, remnant-C was associated with CVD, independent of the LDL-C level or other conventional CVD risk factors. Our finding confirmed evidence of the causal role of remnant-C on CVD, as a residual risk of CVD, in East Asian patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Kyung-do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Roh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jun Goo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hallym University College of Medicine, 24252, Hallymdaehak-Gil Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Seong Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Ihm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
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105
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Lee K. Self-perceived weight and self-rated health have distinct relationships according to body mass index in Korean teenagers. Nutr Res 2022; 107:179-186. [PMID: 36288656 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It was hypothesized that adolescents who perceived themselves as underweight or overweight would be positively associated with poor self-rated health (SRH), regardless of their actual weight status, and that the SRH would be varied depending on the combination of their actual weight and their perceived weight. The study aimed to evaluate associations of self-perceived weight and body mass index (BMI)-based weight status with SRH in Korean adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1658 female and 1888 male adolescents aged 10 to 18 years based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey using complex-samples logistic regression. Weight estimation was determined by comparing BMI-based weight and self-perceived body shape. Age, family affluence, and health status were confounders. In sex-specific analysis, the odds for poor SRH were higher in males who accurately estimated underweight or overweight and those who were normal weight, but overestimated weight compared with those who accurately self-perceived as being normal weight. In females, the odds for poor SRH were higher in those with normal weight but underestimated or overestimated weight compared with a female comparison group. In the overall analysis, males who accurately perceived their weight as underweight, males and females who perceived their weight as overweight despite being normal weight or overweight, and females who perceived weight as underweight despite being normal weight had higher odds for poor SRH compared with a female comparison group. In conclusion, as the hypothesis of this study, self-perceived overweight and underweight in adolescents were associated with poor SRH regardless of BMI, and the association differed by BMI in Korean adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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106
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Lee KA, Kim DJ, Han K, Chon S, Moon MK. Screening for Prediabetes and Diabetes in Korean Nonpregnant Adults: A Position Statement of the Korean Diabetes Association, 2022. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:819-826. [PMID: 36455530 PMCID: PMC9723194 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes screening serves to identify individuals at high-risk for diabetes who have not yet developed symptoms and to diagnose diabetes at an early stage. Globally, the prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing. Furthermore, obesity and/or abdominal obesity, which are major risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are progressively increasing, particularly among young adults. Many patients with T2DM are asymptomatic and can accompany various complications at the time of diagnosis, as well as chronic complications develop as the duration of diabetes increases. Thus, proper screening and early diagnosis are essential for diabetes care. Based on reports on the changing epidemiology of diabetes and obesity in Korea, as well as growing evidence from new national cohort studies on diabetes screening, the Korean Diabetes Association has updated its clinical practice recommendations regarding T2DM screening. Diabetes screening is now recommended in adults aged ≥35 years regardless of the presence of risk factors, and in all adults (aged ≥19) with any of the risk factors. Abdominal obesity based on waist circumference (men ≥90 cm, women ≥85 cm) was added to the list of risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ae Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National UniversityBiomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hosital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyong Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - on Behalf of the Committee of Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Diabetes Association
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National UniversityBiomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hosital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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107
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Association between Lower-to-Upper Ratio of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle and Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216309. [DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster-based disorder comprising several pre-disease or pre-clinical statuses for diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk, and mortality. Appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), or lean mass, is considered the main site of insulin-mediated glucose utilization. Therefore, we aimed to reveal the association between lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass to upper appendicular skeletal muscle mass ratio (LUR) and risk for MetS. (2) Methods: We analyzed the 2008–2011 Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) data. Quintiles of lower ASM to upper ASM ratio (LUR) were categorized as follows: Q1: ≤2.65, Q2: 2.66–2.80, Q3: 2.81–2.94, Q4: 2.95–3.11, and Q5: ≥3.12 in men and Q1: ≤3.00, Q2: 3.01–3.18, Q3: 3.19–3.36, Q4: 3.37–3.60, and Q5: ≥3.61 in women. Multivariate logistic regression models were used after setting MetS and the LUR quintiles as the independent and dependent variables and adjusting for covariates. (3) Result: In men, MetS in accordance with the LUR quintiles exhibits a reverse J-curve. All groups from Q2 to Q5 had a lower odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) for MetS compared to the Q1 group. The lowest OR (95% CI) of 0.85 (0.80–0.91) was observed in Q4. However, in women, the figure shows a sine curve. Compared to the Q1 group, the Q2 and Q3 groups had a higher OR, while the Q4 and Q5 groups presented a lower OR. Among them, the OR (95% CI) in the Q4 group was lowest, at 0.83 (0.76–0.91). (4) Conclusions: While total appendicular skeletal muscle mass is important to prevent MetS, it is necessary to maintain an optimal ratio of muscle mass between the upper and lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass.
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108
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Dynamic Resistance Exercise Alters Blood ApoA-I Levels, Inflammatory Markers, and Metabolic Syndrome Markers in Elderly Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101982. [PMID: 36292427 PMCID: PMC9601716 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined endurance and dynamic-resistance exercise has important anti-inflammatory effects, altering vascular endothelial function, and helping to prevent and treat aging-related metabolic syndrome (MS). We studied changes in 40 elderly women aged ≥ 65 years (control group (no MS), n = 20, mean age: 68.23 ± 2.56 years; MS group, n = 19, mean age: 71.42 ± 5.87 years; one left). The exercise program comprised dynamic-resistance training using elastic bands, three times weekly, for six months. We analyzed body composition, blood pressure, physical fitness, and MS-related blood variables including ApoA-I, antioxidant factors, and inflammatory markers. After the program, the MS group showed significant reductions in waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, blood insulin, and HOMA-IR, and a significant increase in HSP70 (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant increases in ApoA-I levels, ApoA-I/HDL-C ratio, SOD2, IL-4, and IL-5 levels (p < 0.05). Active-resistance training-induced changes in ApoA-I were significantly positively correlated with changes in HDL-C and HSP70, and significantly negatively correlated with changes in triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and TNF-α (p < 0.05). Active-resistance training qualitatively altered HDL, mostly by altering ApoA-I levels, relieving vascular inflammation, and improving antioxidant function. This provides evidence that dynamic-resistance exercise can improve physical fitness and MS risk factors in elderly women.
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109
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Lee MJ, Khang AR, Yi D, Kang YH. Low relative hand grip strength is associated with a higher risk for diabetes and impaired fasting glucose among the Korean population. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275746. [PMID: 36201556 PMCID: PMC9536551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between relative hand grip strength (HGS) and glycemic status, such as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study using the data from the KNHANES of 27,894 individuals from 2014 to 2019. Relative HGS was defined as the absolute HGS divided by body mass index and divided into quartiles in men and women. Odds ratios (OR) for diabetes and IFG were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. All analyses were stratified by sex, and subgroup analysis was age-stratified. RESULTS The lowest relative HGS quartile had a significant increase in the risk for diabetes (men: OR 2.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-3.50; women: OR 3.38, 95% CI 2.70-4.24) and IFG (men: OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15-1.59; women: OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.40-1.84). The ORs for diabetes and IFG according to the decreasing quartiles of relative HGS gradually increased in both sexes (P for trend <0.001). ORs and 95% CI of the lowest relative HGS quartile for diabetes were higher in the younger age group than that of the older age group (men: 4.47 and 2.80-7.14 for young adults; 2.41 and 1.37-4.25 for older adults; women: 5.91 and 3.06-9.38 for young adults; 1.47 and 0.92-2.33 for older adults). ORs and 95% CI for IFG was similar with the trend of ORs for diabetes (men: 1.80 and 1.43-2.26 for young adults; 1.17 and 0.75-1.84 for older adults; women: 2.20 and 1.77-2.72 for young adults; 1.33 and 0.86-2.07 for older adults). CONCLUSION Lower relative HGS was associated with a higher risk of not only diabetes but also IFG in both sexes. These trends were stronger in younger adults than in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ah Reum Khang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dongwon Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yang Ho Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- * E-mail:
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110
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Pyo SS. The Association of Mercury and ALT with Obesity in Korean Adults: Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 11 Years (KNHANES 2005, 2008~2017). KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2022.54.3.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Shin Pyo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
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111
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Lee B, Hong JS. Short- and Long-Term Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Suicide-Related Mental Health in Korean Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811491. [PMID: 36141762 PMCID: PMC9517183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the short-term (in 2020) and long-term (in 2021) impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide-related characteristics in Korean adolescents in comparison with the pre-pandemic period (in 2019) and examined the factors associated with those impacts. Secondary data of the cross-sectional 15th-17th (2019-2021) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey targeting adolescents in school were utilized. The proportions of adolescents with depression, suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts were 26.5%, 12.2%, 3.7%, and 2.4%, respectively. Following an adjustment, depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts significantly improved in the short term and depression and suicide attempts improved significantly in the long term (i.e., 2021), albeit to a lesser degree. The associated variables in the short-term analysis (i.e., 2020) reflected the socioeconomic vulnerabilities (e.g., lower household socioeconomic status [SES], unhealthy status, and unhealthy behaviors), as well as the socioeconomically favorable indicators (e.g., high household SES and high academic achievement). In the long-term, suicidal ideation was no longer associated with a lack of engagement in hand washing, and suicide attempts were no longer associated with the amount of internet time used for studying. For a successful suicide prevention, it is necessary to develop in-school interventions that address the relevant factors identified in this study and the community-based interventions that target out-of-school adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungha Lee
- Shattuck-St. Mary’s School, Faribault, MN 55021, USA
| | - Jung Su Hong
- Kunsan College of Nursing, 7, Donggaejung-gil, Kunsan-si 54068, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
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112
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Ko HJ, Cho YJ, Kim KK, Kang JH, Kim YS, Haam JH, Hur YI, Choi HI, Lee KR, Park JH, Cho SH, Kim JK, Lee T, Seo MJ, Yoon YS, Seo Y, Nam GE, Kim SH. COVID-19 and related social distancing measures induce significant metabolic complications without prominent weight gain in Korean adults. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:951793. [PMID: 36160167 PMCID: PMC9490037 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.951793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study using multi-center health examination data from Korean adults was conducted to confirm changes in weight, and their related cardiometabolic parameters, before and after strengthening of social distancing regulations. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using health check-up data from 13 university hospitals. The study period was from January 2018 to July 2020. To examine the effect of systematic social distancing measures, participants who underwent a health check-up (Visit 3) between July 2020 and July 2021 (during full scale social distancing), and had undergone two previous health check-ups (Visits 1 and 2) between January 2018 and June 2020 (before social distancing), were selected. In total, data from 7,875 participants were analyzed. Linear mixed-effect models were used to calculate estimates of anthropometric indices and metabolic markers measured on Visits 2 and 3, compared with measurements from Visit 1. Results There were no significant differences in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and body composition on Visit 3 than on Visits 1 and 2. However, the odds of metabolic syndrome and its components, including hypertension, high glucose, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyper-non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and dyslipidemia were significantly higher on Visit 3 than on Visits 1 and 2. The increase in metabolic complications was marked, particularly in relatively young adults who visited health check-up centers located in the capital area. Conclusion Metabolic syndrome and its components were significantly worse after high level social distancing, although there were no significant increases in anthropometric indices and body fat levels. Healthcare providers need to prevent and manage worsening of metabolic parameters in subpopulations prone to be more sedentary and eat unhealthy food during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Jin Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Cho
- Department Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Kyoung-Kon Kim
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Sang Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Haam
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yang-Im Hur
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye-In Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyu Rae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Ha Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju-si, South Korea
| | - Taesic Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju-si, South Korea
| | - Myung-Jae Seo
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju-si, South Korea
| | - Yeong Sook Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Yoobin Seo
- Department of Family Medicine, Sanbon Medical Center, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Gunpo-si, South Korea
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
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Kim I, Lee HH, Ko YJ, Chang HE, Cheung DY, Lee BI, Cho YS, Kim JI, Choi MG. Factors associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in young adults under age 40. Korean J Intern Med 2022; 37:969-978. [PMID: 35872626 PMCID: PMC9449198 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2021.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a continued increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults. Little is known about the factors that contribute to the development of young-onset colorectal neoplasia (CRN). METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed for individuals younger than 40 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seoul St. Mary's Hospital and its affiliated health screening center. High-risk CRN was defined as adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥ 10 mm, with three or more adenomas, villous histology, high grade dysplasia, or carcinoma. RESULTS Of these 13,621 included participants, 2,023 (14.9%) had one and more CRN. Young patients with CRN tended to be elderly, male, obese, smoker, having a habit of drinking, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol intake, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054 to 1.119), male sex (OR, 1.748; 95% CI, 1.247 to 2.451), obesity (OR, 1.439; 95% CI, 1.133 to 1.828), and smoking (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.287 to 2.127) were independent risk factors for overall CRN. Obesity and smoking as two modifiable factors increased the risk for high-risk CRN even more than for overall CRN (OR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.168 to 2.575 and OR, 1.797; 95% CI, 1.172 to 2.753, respectively). CONCLUSION Obesity and smoking were modifiable risk factors for CRN in young adults. They increased the risk for highrisk CRN even more than for overall CRN. A colonoscopy might be beneficial for young individuals with these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilsoo Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Hee Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jae Ko
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Eun Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Young Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo-In Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Gyu Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang C, Bai H, Zhang Y, Deng Z, Zhang L, Chen X, Fu Z, Shi R, Zhang G, Xu Q, Lin G. Impact of body mass index on postoperative oxygenation impairment in patients with acute aortic syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 13:955702. [PMID: 36117715 PMCID: PMC9470752 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.955702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Oxygenation impairment is a common complication of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) patients after surgical repair. The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of postoperative oxygenation impairment in AAS patients. Methods: A total of 227 consecutive patients who were diagnosed as AAS and underwent surgical repair were recruited. They were divided into two groups based on the postoperative oxygenation impairment (non-oxygenation impairment group and oxygenation impairment group). Logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the association between BMI and the risk of oxygenation impairment after surgery. Dose-response curve and subgroup analysis were used to test the reliability of the results of regression analysis. A meta-analysis was then performed to further confirm these results using Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Results: For the retrospective study, a significant association was observed after adjusting for a series of variables. BMI was significantly correlated with postoperative oxygenation impairment in patients with AAS (OR, 95% CI, P: 1.27, 1.17–1.46, 0.001). Compared with the normal weight group (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI <23.0 kg/m2), patients with excessive BMI were at a higher risk of oxygenation impairment for the overweight group (23.0 kg/m2 ≤ BMI <25 kg/m2) and obesity group (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) (OR, 95% CI, P: 4.96, 1.62–15.15, 0.005; 9.51, 3.06–29.57, <0.001). The dose-response curve showed that the risk of oxygenation impairment after surgery increased with the increased BMI. Besides, subgroup analysis showed that AAS patients who have an excess weight with a TNF-α ≥ 8.1 pg/ml carried an excess risk of postoperative oxygenation impairment. For the meta-analysis, the pooled result also indicated that AAS patients with high BMI had a significantly increased risk of oxygenation impairment after surgery (OR, 95% CI, P: 1.40, 1.18–1.66, 0.001). Conclusion: Excessive BMI was an independent risk factor for AAS with postoperative oxygenation impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengyu Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuliang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuli Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Xu, ; Guoqiang Lin,
| | - Guoqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Xu, ; Guoqiang Lin,
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Choi GW, Cheong HK, Choi SY, Lee YC, Oh IH, Eun YG. Association between oral cavity cancer and metabolic syndrome. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04288-4. [PMID: 36036310 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04288-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have been conducted on the association between oral cavity cancer and metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oral cavity cancer and metabolic diseases. METHODS This cohort study used the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, which contains medical data of 97% of the Korean population. Oral cavity cancer occurred in a total of 2718 patients. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to IDF criteria. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used. RESULTS The HR for oral cavity cancer in patients with metabolic syndrome was 1.113(95% CI 1.006-1.232), which was significantly higher than that in normal patients, especially in males (p = 0.0386). When the number of metabolic syndrome factors was ≥ 3, the HR of oral cavity cancer was 1.191(95% CI 1.026-1.383), which was significantly higher than that of 0 metabolic syndrome factors, especially in males (p = 0.0218). When the number of metabolic syndrome factors was ≥ 3, the HR for oral cavity cancer was 1.439(95% CI 1.066-1.942), which was significantly higher than that of 0 metabolic syndrome factors, especially in males aged < 50 years (p = 0.0173). CONCLUSION Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of oral cavity cancer only in males. In addition, the incidence of oral cavity cancer increased as the number of factors constituting metabolic syndrome increased, only in young males aged < 50 years. Thus, metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for oral cavity cancer, particularly in young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Won Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Kyoung Cheong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Young Chan Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - In-Hwan Oh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Eun
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Won MH, Choi J, Son YJ. Multiple mediating effects of self-efficacy and physical activity on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life in adults with CVD. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022; 22:382-391. [PMID: 35974670 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Poor health-related quality of life is prevalent among individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and may be associated with frailty as well as low levels of self-efficacy and physical activity. This study aimed to identify the multiple mediating effects of exercise self-efficacy and physical activity on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life among community-dwelling adults with CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study included 489 Korean patients aged >20 years diagnosed with CVD. Data were collected through an online survey conducted in June, 2021. The mediation hypothesis was tested using a serial multiple mediation model and the bootstrapping method. Approximately 39.5% of patients in this study were in a frail state. Our main finding revealed that frailty had an indirect effect on health-related quality of life through all three different pathways: each single mediation of exercise self-efficacy and physical activity, and the serial multiple mediation of exercise self-efficacy and physical activity as the first and second mediators, respectively. The direct effect of frailty on the health-related quality of life was also significant. CONCLUSION Frail adults with CVD tended to have lower levels of self-efficacy, physical activity, and poor health-related quality of life. Thus, early identification of frailty and interventions targeting the promotion of self-efficacy and physical activity may improve health-related quality of life in adults with CVD. Longitudinal studies are necessary to further refine our findings across other samples and to address the limitations of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hwa Won
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea. E-mail address:
| | - JiYeon Choi
- Associate Professor, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, South Korea E-mail:
| | - Youn Jung Son
- Professor, Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park KY, Nam GE, Han K, Hwang HS. Body weight variability and the risk of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study in Korea. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 190:110015. [PMID: 35907508 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to examine the association between body weight variability and dementia risk using a large-scale cohort data of Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A population-based cohort of 1,206,764 individuals with T2DM aged ≥ 40 years who underwent ≥ 3 Korean national health screenings were followed up until the end of 2019. Body weight variability was assessed using variability independent of the mean (VIM). A multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression was performed with calculating hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of dementia incidence. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 7.9 years, 162,615 (13.4 %) individuals developed dementia. Individuals with greater body weight variability tended to be associated with higher risk of all types of dementia (P for trend < 0.001). Individuals in the highest quartile of VIM showed 26 % (HR: 1.26, 95 % CI: 1.24-1.28), 33 % (HR: 1.33, 95 % CI: 1.30-1.36) and 28 % (HR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.23-1.33) higher risk for all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia, compared with those in the lowest quartile. These associations persisted in all body mass index categories (P for trend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Maintaining an appropriate body weight may help mitigate dementia risk in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye-Yeung Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hwan-Sik Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Association Between Family History of Gastric Cancer and the Risk of Gastric Cancer and Adenoma: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:1255-1263. [PMID: 35613561 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A family history of gastric cancer (GC) is a well-known risk factor for GC. However, the association between family history of GC and the risk of GC and gastric adenoma according to the affected family members is unclear. METHODS We analyzed the data of participants aged ≥40 years who underwent national GC screening between 2013 and 2014. Participants with and without a family history of GC among first-degree relatives were matched by age and sex in a 1:4 ratio. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 4.9 years, 0.96% and 0.46% of 896,721 participants with a family history of GC and 0.65% and 0.32% of 3,586,884 participants without a family history of GC developed GC and gastric adenoma, respectively. A family history of GC among any first-degree relative was a risk factor for GC (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.45-1.52) and gastric adenoma (HR 1.44, 95% confidence interval 1.39-1.50). The HRs for GC and gastric adenoma were higher in participants with a family history of GC in parents and siblings (2.26 and 2.19, respectively) than in those with a family history of GC in parents only (1.40 and 1.41, respectively) or siblings only (1.59 and 1.47, respectively). The HRs for GC in participants with vs without a family history of GC were 1.62, 1.55, and 1.42 in the 40-49, 50-59, and ≥60 years' age groups of participants, respectively. Similarly, the HRs for gastric adenoma increased with decreasing age of participants. DISCUSSION A family history of GC was a risk factor for both GC and gastric adenoma. The risk of GC and gastric adenoma of the participants was higher when both parents and siblings had GC.
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119
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Kim MK, Han K, Kim HS, Yoon KH, Lee SH. Lipid cutoffs for increased cardiovascular disease risk in nondiabetic young people. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1866-1877. [PMID: 35816409 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The relevance of blood lipid abnormalities to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in young populations is unclear. Here, we aimed to identify the cutoff levels of lipid parameters for increased risk of CVD among nondiabetic young adults aged 20-39 years. METHODS Using data from a nationally representative Korean National Health Insurance System database, we followed up 6,204,153 subjects who underwent health examinations between 2009 and 2012 until the end of 2018. The primary outcome was incident CVD, defined as a composite of myocardial infarction and stroke. We assessed the associations between pre-specified lipid levels and CVD risk. Subgroup analysis of the number of cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, and current smoking) was also conducted. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 7.7 years, there were 14,569 (0.23%) cases of myocardial infarction, 9,459 (0.15%) cases of stroke, and 23,680 (0.38%) cases of composite CVD. Using total cholesterol (TC) level of <140 mg/dL, triglyceride (TG) level of <60 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol level of <100 mg/dL, and non-HDL-cholesterol level of <130 mg/dL as reference groups, a significantly higher risk of CVD was observed in subjects with a TC level of ≥200 mg/dL, TG level of ≥60 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol level of ≥130 mg/dL, or non-HDL-cholesterol level of ≥140 mg/dL. The cutoff levels of TC that had statistical significance for increased risk of CVD were 240, 220, and 200 mg/dL in subjects with 0, 1, or 2-3 risk factors, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Even modest increases in lipid levels were associated with increased risk of CVD in this nondiabetic young population. Our data provide potential criteria for stratifying CVD risk based on real-world evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Kyoung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 07040, Korea
| | - Hun Sung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Kun Ho Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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120
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Koo BK. Non-pharmacologic treatment for obesity. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2022.65.7.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of obesity has been rapidly increasing in the Korean population. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for various chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, degenerative arthritis, and autoimmune diseases. It also increases the risks of different malignancies, gall bladder disease, and pancreatitis.Current Concepts: Lifestyle intervention assisted by frequent behavioral therapy is crucial despite the modest amount of weight loss achieved. Energy intake restriction combined with increased physical activity can not only facilitate weight loss but also improve metabolic health. Furthermore, this combination can help maintain weight reduction during and after lifestyle interventions. Energy intake restriction with a daily deficit of 500–1,000 kcal and physical activity including aerobic exercise for 150 minutes or more per week and resistance training 2–4 times a week are generally recommended for obesity management.Discussion and Conclusion: Comprehensive lifestyle intervention should be individualized and supported by a multidisciplinary team. A long-term behavioral intervention is necessary for success in obesity treatment.
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121
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Lee DY, Lee CM. Surgical treatment for obesity. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2022.65.7.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bariatric or metabolic surgery is a safe and effective intervention for patients with obesity at higherrisk. In 2019, after the reimbursement in Korea, the number of metabolic surgery cases has rapidly increased. We aimed to introduce the current metabolic surgery concepts.Current Concepts: Patients with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥35 kg/m2 without coexisting medical problems and those with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 and ≥1 severe obesity-related complication remediable by weight loss could be considered as the candidates for metabolic surgery. The standardized and effective procedures are adjustable gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch. The decision on bariatric procedures should be based on the characteristics of patients considering the effectiveness and anticipated complications.Discussion and Conclusion: Metabolic surgery was shown to induce greater weight loss, better control of comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, and more significant decrease in death compared to that of the nonsurgical approach. Postoperatively, a comprehensive approach consisting of psychosocial, behavioral, nutritional, and pharmacological aspects should be performed to amplify and maintain the effectiveness of metabolic surgery.
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Nam GE. Current status and epidemiology of adult obesity in Korea. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2022.65.7.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity has emerged as one of the most critical public health problems and is considered a global epidemic. Herein we summarized the recent epidemiology of obesity in Korean adults based on nationwide data.Current Concepts: The prevalence of obesity among Korean adults has steadily increased over the past 10 to 20 years, more prominently in men. In general, the prevalence of obesity is higher among men than among women, and it is the highest among men in their 30s and 40s and older women. In particular, morbid obesity (class 2 or class 3) has increased rapidly, showing the steepest increase in men compared to women, and in young adults compared to other age groups. The prevalence of abdominal obesity has also risen. The prevalence of abdominal obesity is higher in older age individuals, but the prevalence of abdominal obesity among young adults has shown a sharp increase in recent years. Chronic diseases are prevalent in individuals with obesity or abdominal obesity, compared to those without, and particularly in young adults. The prevalence of obesity is higher in individuals with lower income levels. The awareness of obesity and attempts to lose weight are significantly low, and lifestyles related to obesity appear to be uncontrolled in individuals with obesity compared to those without obesity.Discussion and Conclusion: It is necessary to recognize the current status of obesity in Korean adults and to make more active and multifaceted efforts to overcome it.
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Rhee EJ. Current status of obesity treatment in Korea: based on the 2020 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity guidelines for obesity management. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2022.65.7.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a complex disease, and its prevalence is gradually increasing globally. The increasing prevalence of obesity is shown to significantly affect the development of obesity-related comorbidities. This paper describes the recent updates on obesity treatment in Korea based on the 2020 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity guidelines for obesity management.Current Concepts: Accurate evaluation of obesity is important before treatment initiation. Obesity in Korean adults is defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, and abdominal obesity is defined as waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women. It is recommended that energy intake be reduced and that the degree of energy restriction be individualized based on patient characteristics and medical conditions. Guidelines recommend assessment of the exercise participation and health status before prescribing exercise therapy; aerobic exercise for at least 150 min/week or 3–5 times/week is advised to facilitate weight loss. Although nutrition and behavior therapy and increased physical activity constitute the mainstay of obesity treatment, pharmacotherapy is recommended concomitant with comprehensive lifestyle modification. Bariatric surgery should be actively considered in patients with severe obesity and in those with obesity-related comorbidities.Discussion and Conclusion: Obesity and the associated comorbidities result in an increased socioeconomic and medical burden. Multifactorial intervention using a team approach is warranted for optimal management of obesity. This guideline will benefit primary care physicians for safe and effective decision-making regarding obesity management and treatment.
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Farrin N, Rezazadeh L, Pourmoradian S, Attari VE, Tutunchi H, Zarezadeh M, Najafipour F, Ostadrahimi A. Boron compound administration; A novel agent in weight management: A systematic review and meta- analysis of animal studies. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 72:126969. [PMID: 35298949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide growing trend of obesity across all ages has increased the number of researches on the obesity management and prevention. Boron is a potential essential trace element and there are some promising results on its weight lowering effect. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was aimed to assess the effect of boron on body weight. METHOD Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched from 1995 until November 2021 using the definitive keywords. Searching was limited to articles with English language. Human studies were excluded in our analyses regarding their limited number and the heterogeneity of study designs. All of the relevant animal studies on rodents with weight changes as a primary outcome were included. The assessments of risk of bias and heterogeneity were conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and I-square (I2) statistic respectively. RESULTS According to our findings the overall effect of boron administration orally was significant decrease of body weight (WMD = -18.12 g 95% CI -23.28, -12.96; P < 0.001). The boron compound administration was more effective in the borax form and also when the intervention duration was ≤ 4 weeks. Moreover, the effect size was greater in the male gender rather than female animals. CONCLUSION Most of the experimental studies supported the weight lowering effect of boron although, there are a few inconsistent evidences. It seems that the weight lowering effect of boron may be through increasing the energy metabolism, thermogenesis, lipolysis and inhibition of adiposeness. However, future clinical trials can better clarify the effects of boron on obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Farrin
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Rezazadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Pourmoradian
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzad Najafipour
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Choi JH, Cho YJ, Kim HJ, Ko SH, Chon S, Kang JH, Kim KK, Kim EM, Kim HJ, Song KH, Nam GE, Kim KI. Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets and Intermittent Fasting on Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension Management: Consensus Statement of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:100-122. [PMID: 35670159 PMCID: PMC9284571 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and 10 articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Han Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Il Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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126
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Kim D, Seo J, Ha KH, Kim DJ. Maintaining Physical Activity Is Associated with Reduced Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in People Newly Diagnosed with Diabetes. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:187-195. [PMID: 35618658 PMCID: PMC9284577 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the association between changes in physical activity and the risk of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) in people with newly diagnosed diabetes. Methods Using a nationwide database, we identified 8,596 people with newly diagnosed diabetes who underwent national health examinations within a year before and after a diabetes diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MACE risks were calculated according to changes in physical activity before and after a diagnosis of diabetes. Results During a median follow-up of 2.3 years, study participants who engaged in sustained physical activity after a diagnosis of diabetes had a 34% lower MACE risk compared to those with sustained inactivity (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44-0.98). An advantage was observed in those with a history of cardiovascular disease, although this was of borderline statistical significance (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40-1.01; P=0.054). In people considered obese, physical activity was significantly associated with a decreased risk of a MACE, regardless of the period preceding and following the diabetes diagnosis. Those who became inactive to active had the lowest risk of a MACE (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.18-0.79). Conclusion Maintaining active physical activity before and after a diagnosis of diabetes is essential to preventing cardiovascular disease. Early intervention strategies are necessary to promote physical activity and exercise routines after a diagnosis of diabetes in people with obesity and those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhoe Kim
- Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Kyoung Hwa Ha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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127
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Yang YS, Han BD, Han K, Jung JH, Son JW. Obesity Fact Sheet in Korea, 2021: Trends in Obesity Prevalence and Obesity-Related Comorbidity Incidence Stratified by Age from 2009 to 2019. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:169-177. [PMID: 35770450 PMCID: PMC9284570 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The global public health burden of obesity has increased with socio-economic development. The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity released the 2021 Obesity Fact Sheet to address trends in obesity prevalence and comorbid conditions by different age groups. Methods Individuals ≥20 years old who underwent a health checkup provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2009 and 2019 were included. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was standardized by age and sex based on the 2010 population and housing census. The incidence of obesity-related comorbidities was tracked from 2009 to 2019, and the incidence per 1,000 person-years was calculated using Poisson regression adjusted for age and sex. Results Obesity and abdominal obesity prevalence has increased for the entire population over the past 11 years. Obesity prevalence has risen rapidly in individuals in their 20s and 80s compared with other age groups. Additionally, class III obesity prevalence in both men and women has significantly increased by nearly threefold. The relative risk of developing type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and cancers in people with obesity or abdominal obesity is greater than in people without obesity or abdominal obesity. The relative risk was higher in young and middle-aged individuals than in the older population. Conclusion The findings based on the 2021 Obesity Fact Sheet suggest the need to better understand obesity characteristics according to age and sex and to establish individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Seul Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung-Duck Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Won Son
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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128
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Oztop N, Beyaz S, Orcen C. Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Parameters in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. HASEKI TIP BÜLTENI 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/haseki.galenos.2022.8399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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129
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Kim Y, Chae H. The Association Between Lifestyle and Abdominal Obesity Among Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2022; 31:1567-1574. [PMID: 35730978 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study examined the association between sedentary behavior, sleep duration, breakfast skipping, and abdominal obesity among postmenopausal women in South Korea. Materials and Methods: A total of 7,270 postmenopausal women were included in this cross-sectional, secondary analysis study, using a nationally representative dataset from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results: Sleep duration of fewer than 5 hours/day was associated with an increased risk of abdominal obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], [1.02-1.63]), compared to sleep duration of 6-8 hours/day after controlling for covariates. Additionally, breakfast skipping was associated with an increased risk of abdominal obesity (OR = 1.45; 95% CI [1.02-2.06]), compared to breakfast eating after covariate adjustment. There was no significant association between sedentary behavior and abdominal obesity. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate that special consideration should be given to behavior modification strategies to improve sleep duration and decrease breakfast skipping to decrease the risk of abdominal obesity in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjung Kim
- Faculty of Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heemin Chae
- Department of Nursing, The Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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130
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Choi G, Yoon H, Choi HH, Ha KH, Kim DJ. Association of prediabetes with death and diabetic complications in older adults: the pros and cons of active screening for prediabetes. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6612689. [PMID: 35737599 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND active screening can improve health outcomes for people with prediabetes. However, its efficacy in older adults remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE the study aimed to analyse the progression from prediabetes to diabetes in older adults, including associated complications and mortality rates, to determine the benefits of active screening. DESIGN retrospective cohort study. SETTING Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database. SUBJECTS a total of 36,946 adults aged ≥65 years who underwent national health examinations from 2006 to 2008. METHODS follow-up was until 31 December 2015. Cox's proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death and diabetic complications. RESULTS over a median follow-up of 8.2 years, 19.3% of older adults with prediabetes progressed to diabetes. Compared with normoglycaemic adults, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for major adverse cardiovascular events were 1.01 (0.95-1.07), 1.08 (0.95-1.23), 1.14 (1.05-1.23) and 1.50 (1.35-1.68) in adults with prediabetes, newly diagnosed diabetes, diabetes not on insulin and diabetes on insulin, respectively. The corresponding HRs (95% CI) for diabetic retinopathy risk were 1.28 (1.15-1.43), 3.16 (2.71-3.69), 6.58 (6.02-7.19) and 9.17 (8.21-10.24). Diabetic nephropathy risk also significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS progression from prediabetes to diabetes is an important concern among older adults. Prediabetes is associated with the risk of microvascular complications, but not cardiovascular complications and mortality. Therefore, active regular screening for prediabetes is necessary to prevent microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giwoong Choi
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Yoon
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Choi
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Ha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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131
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Choi JH, Cho YJ, Kim HJ, Ko SH, Chon S, Kang JH, Kim KK, Kim EM, Kim HJ, Song KH, Nam GE, Kim KI. Effect of carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting on obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension management: consensus statement of the Korean Society for the Study of obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension. Clin Hypertens 2022; 28:26. [PMID: 35642007 PMCID: PMC9158277 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-022-00207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. METHODS A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and ten articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. RESULTS Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. CONCLUSION Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Han Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05030, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kee-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05030, South Korea.
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Il Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JY, Cho SM, Yoo Y, Lee T, Kim JK. Association between Stroke and Abdominal Obesity in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Korean Population: KNHANES Data from 2011-2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:6140. [PMID: 35627679 PMCID: PMC9141436 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and overweight status are primary risk factors for stroke. A relative small number of studies has analyzed the association of abdominal obesity, a crucial indicator for insulin resistance with stroke, compared to general obesity. We aimed to reveal 31,490 records from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Logistic regression was used to identify the association of abdominal obesity with the risk of stroke. For the multivariate model, covariates were determined based on the cardio-cerebro vascular prediction models. In the sex-specific multivariate logistic regression analysis (including age, antihypertensive drug, diabetes, current smoking, and systolic blood pressure as confounders), the elevated waist circumference (WC) in women was significantly associated with the increased risk for stroke. In case of the categorized form of WC, we discerned the non-linear relationships between WC and the stroke status. The sex-specific associations between the abdominal obesity and stroke status were shown and their relationship pattern exhibited non-linear relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yeon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Sung Min Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Youngmin Yoo
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Taesic Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- The Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome, Korean Academy of Family Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Jong Koo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- Institute of Global Health Care and Development, Wonju 26426, Korea
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133
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Lee HJ, Kim HK, Han KD, Lee KN, Park JB, Lee H, Lee SP, Kim YJ. Age-dependent associations of body mass index with myocardial infarction, heart failure, and mortality in over 9 million Koreans. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1479-1488. [PMID: 35580584 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While obesity is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor, little is known whether age has a modifying effect. AIM To determine the age-dependent associations of BMI with cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS A population-based cohort of 9,278,433 Koreans without prior cardiovascular disease were followed up for the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and all-cause death. The effect of BMI with optimal normal weight (18.5-22.9 kg/m2) as reference was analyzed according to age groups [young (20-39 years), middle-aged (40-64 years), and elderly (≥65 years)] and age decades. RESULTS During 8.2 years, MI, HF, and all-cause death occurred in 65,607 (0.71%), 131,903 (1.42%), and 306,065 (3.30%), respectively. Associations between BMI and all outcomes were significantly modified by age (p-for-interaction < 0.001). There was a proportional increase in incident MI according to BMI in young subjects; this relationship became U-shaped in middle-aged subjects, and inversely proportional/plateauing in elderly subjects. A U-shaped relationship between BMI and incident HF was observed, but the impact of obesity was stronger in young subjects while the impact of underweight was stronger in middle-aged and elderly subjects. Meanwhile, lower BMI was associated with higher all-cause mortality in all ages, although this association was attenuated at young age, and pre-obesity was associated with the greatest survival benefit. These associations were independent of sex, smoking, physical activity, and comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS The impact of BMI on cardiovascular risk differs according to age. Weight loss may be recommended for younger overweight subjects, while being mildly overweight may be beneficial at old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Na Lee
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Bean Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Heesun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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Jegal KH, Ko MM, Kim BY, Son MJ, Kim S. A national survey on current clinical practice pattern of Korean Medicine doctors for treating obesity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266034. [PMID: 35324995 PMCID: PMC8947078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Given the multifactorial nature of obesity, there is current interest on Korean medicine (KM) for weight loss. This survey aimed to investigate current practice patterns of KM treatment for obesity among doctors. Methods A questionnaire on clinical practice patterns of KM treatment for obesity was constructed and distributed to 21,788 KM doctors (KMDs). The questionnaire was consisted of respondent characteristics, state of treated patient, diagnosis, treatment, and usage pattern of herbal medicine for obesity. Results A total of 4.9% of KMDs (n = 1,084/21,788) validly completed the survey. Patients with Obesity Class I (25 ≤ Body mass index (BMI) ≤ 29.9) are the most common in KM clinics. Bioelectric impedance and KM Obesity Pattern Identification Questionnaire were routinely used for diagnosis. The average treatment duration was 4.16 weeks, and patients visited on an average 4.25 times per month for treatment. Herbal medicine is the most commonly used for obesity treatment by KMDs, and Taeeumjowui-tang was the most frequently prescribed. Ephedrae Herba, which is identified as the most used herbs for weight loss, was prescribed 5.18 ± 2.7 g/day at minimum and 10.06 ± 4.23 g/day at maximum. A total of 62.9% of responded KMDs had ever a patient with uncomfortable symptoms due to Ephedrae Herba use, neuropsychiatric events were the most common symptoms, followed by gastrointestinal events. Conclusion Taken together, this study provides information on real clinical practice patterns of KM including patients, diagnosis, treatments, and herbal medicine for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwan Jegal
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Mi Ko
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ju Son
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungha Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Population-Based Cohort Studies. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2022; 18:1074-1086. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bae JH, Han KD, Ko SH, Yang YS, Choi JH, Choi KM, Kwon HS, Won KC. Diabetes Fact Sheet in Korea 2021. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:417-426. [PMID: 35656565 PMCID: PMC9171160 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and management of diabetes mellitus, risk-factor control, and comorbidities among Korean adults. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to assess the prevalence, treatment, risk factors, comorbidities, and self-management behaviors of diabetes mellitus from 2019 to 2020. We also analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service to evaluate the use of antidiabetic medications in people with diabetes mellitus from 2002 through 2018. RESULTS Among Korean adults aged 30 years or older, the estimated prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 16.7% in 2020. From 2019 through 2020, 65.8% of adults with diabetes mellitus were aware of the disease and treated with antidiabetic medications. The percentage of adults with diabetes mellitus who achieved glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <6.5% was 24.5% despite the increased use of new antidiabetic medications. We found that adults with diabetes mellitus who achieved all three goals of HbA1c <6.5%, blood pressure (BP) <140/85 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <100 mg/dL were 9.7%. The percentage of self-management behaviors was lower in men than women. Excess energy intake was observed in 16.7% of adults with diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Korean adults remained high. Only 9.7% of adults with diabetes mellitus achieved all glycemic, BP, and lipid controls from 2019 to 2020. Continuous evaluation of national diabetes statistics and a national effort to increase awareness of diabetes mellitus and improve comprehensive diabetes care are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ye Seul Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Jong Han Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - on Behalf of the Committee of Media-Public Relation of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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137
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Choi JH, Cho YJ, Kim HJ, Ko SH, Chon S, Kang JH, Kim KK, Kim EM, Kim HJ, Song KH, Nam GE, Kim KI. Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets and Intermittent Fasting on Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension Management: Consensus Statement of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:355-376. [PMID: 35656560 PMCID: PMC9171155 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and 10 articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Han Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Il Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (KSSO)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines and Committee of Food and Nutrition, Korean Diabetes Association (KDA)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Policy Committee of Korean Society of Hypertension (KSH)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Policy Development Committee of National Academy of Medicine of Korea (NAMOK)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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138
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Oh TJ, Lee H, Cho YM. East Asian perspectives in metabolic and bariatric surgery. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:756-761. [PMID: 35029061 PMCID: PMC9077716 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes and obesity continues to rise in East Asia. As the risk of diabetes increases at a lower body mass index (BMI) in East Asians than in Europeans, the threshold of BMI values for metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is lower in East Asians. MBS is considered upon reaching a BMI of 27.5 kg/m2 and is recommended at a BMI of ≥ 32.5 kg/m2 , depending on the status of glucose homeostasis. The most commonly performed MBS in East Asia is sleeve gastrectomy, followed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Because the incidence of gastric cancer is higher in East Asia than in other regions, concerns regarding surveillance for gastric cancer might be related to a preference for sleeve gastrectomy over RYGB in this region. Even though there is a paucity of data on direct comparisons of the efficacy of MBS among different ethnic groups, the degree of weight reduction in East Asians is not inferior to other ethnic groups. Moreover, studies suggest that the diabetes remission rate in East Asians seemed to be higher than in other ethnic groups. Future studies involving multiethnic groups are necessary to identify possible ethnic differences in diabetes remission and to determine the appropriate BMI threshold for MBS according to ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jung Oh
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea
| | - Hyuk‐Joon Lee
- Department of SurgerySeoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Young Min Cho
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea
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139
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Kim HM, Rhee TM, Kim HL. Integrated approach of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and cardiovascular risk scores for predicting the risk of cardiovascular events. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267614. [PMID: 35476644 PMCID: PMC9045657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 2013 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score may be insufficient for accurate prediction of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in Asians. This study was performed to investigate whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) has additional prognostic value to the risk score estimated by the ACC/AHA pooled cohort equations (PCEs). Methods A total of 6,359 patients (3,534 men and 2,825 women) aged 40–79 years without documented cardiovascular disease who underwent baPWV measurement were retrospectively analyzed. Cardiovascular risk scores were calculated using the 2013 ACC/AHA PCEs. Cardiovascular events, including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization and ischemic stroke, were assessed. Results During a median follow-up period of 4.0 years (interquartile range 1.7–6.1 years), cardiovascular events occurred in 129 patients (2.0%). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that baPWV was stronger in the detection of cardiovascular events than the 2013 ACC/AHA risk score (area under the curve: 0.70 versus 0.62, p<0.001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, both baPWV and 2013 ACC/AHA risk score were independently associated with the occurrence of clinical events (p <0.001 for each). The baPWV had incremental prognostic value to the 2013 ACC/AHA risk score in predicting clinical events (global chi-square from 21.23 to 49.51, p<0.001). Conclusion The baPWV appears to be a strong predictor of the risk of cardiovascular events in Koreans. Measuring baPWV in addition to the 2013 ACC/AHA risk score helps identify individuals at risk for MACE aged 40–79 years without previous cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyue Mee Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Min Rhee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hack-Lyoung Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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140
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Lee GB, Kim Y, Park S, Kim HC, Oh K. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia in Korean adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report of the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Epidemiol Health 2022; 44:e2022041. [PMID: 35538699 PMCID: PMC9133598 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2022041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated trends in obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Korean adult population. METHODS Data from 60,098 participants in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2011 and 2020 aged ≥19 were used. The age-standardized prevalence and annual percent changes (APCs) were calculated for obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or under treatment), diabetes (hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%, fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, physician diagnosis, or under treatment), and hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or under treatment). RESULTS Over the past decade (2011-2020), the age-standardized APCs (95% confidence intervals) for obesity, hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were 3.0% (2.1 to 3.8), 0.1% (-1.3 to 1.5), 1.5% (-1.0 to 4.0) and 8.0% (5.7 to 10.3), respectively, in men; and -0.2% (-1.5 to 1.2), -0.5% (-1.9 to 0.9), -0.1% (-2.3 to 2.2) and 5.9% (3.9 to 8.0), respectively, in women. In 2020 compared to the previous 3 years (2017-2019), obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia increased in men (6.0, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.8%p, respectively), but an increase was not apparent in women (2.5, -1.1, 0.8, and 0.7%p, respectively). CONCLUSIONS An increase in major chronic diseases was observed in Korean adults, especially men, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the future, effective intervention strategies need to be developed according to the characteristics of the target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Bin Lee
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonjung Kim
- Division of Health and Nutrition Survey and Analysis, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Suyeon Park
- Division of Health and Nutrition Survey and Analysis, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Oh
- Division of Health and Nutrition Survey and Analysis, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
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141
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Meng M, Guo Y, Kuang Z, Liu L, Cai Y, Ni X. Risk of Stroke Among Different Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:844550. [PMID: 35548434 PMCID: PMC9081493 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.844550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Overweight/obesity is a modified risk factor for stroke. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of different obesity phenotypes on stroke risk in adults. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception to 7 March 2021 to identify the prospective cohort studies investigating stroke risk among different metabolic overweight/obesity phenotypes. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Results A total of eleven prospective cohorts (n = 5,609,945 participants) were included in the systematic review, nine of which were included in the meta-analysis. All metabolically unhealthy phenotypes had a higher risk of stroke than the metabolically healthy normal-weight phenotypes, including metabolically unhealthy normal weight (HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.41–1.89, I2 = 89.74%, n = 7 cohort studies, 1,042,542 participants), metabolically unhealthy overweight (HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.58–2.40, I2 = 91.17%, n = 4 cohort studies, 676,166 participants), and metabolically unhealthy obese (HR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.66–2.40, I2 = 93.49%, n = 6 cohort studies, 1,035,420 participants) phenotypes. However, no risk of stroke was observed in the populations with metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW) (HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00–1.14, I2 = 69.50%, n = 5 studies, 4,171,943 participants) and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) (HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99–1.16, I2 = 54.82%, n = 8 studies, 5,333,485 participants) phenotypes. The subgroup analyses for the MHO studies suggested that the risk of stroke increased only when the MHO participants were mainly females, from North America, and when the World Health Organization standard was applied to define obesity. In the subgroup analysis of the risk of stroke in MHOW, a longer follow-up duration was also associated with a higher risk of stroke. Conclusion The risk of stroke increase for all metabolically unhealthy phenotypes irrespective of the body mass index (BMI). The associated risk of stroke with metabolic health but high BMI shows substantial heterogeneity, which requires future research considering the impact of sex and transition of the metabolic status on the risk of stroke. Systematic Review Registration The study protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42021251021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Meng
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Guo
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoran Kuang
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yefeng Cai
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Ni
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaojia Ni,
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142
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Lee YJ, Choi Y, Yoo HW, Lee YA, Shin CH, Choi HS, Kim HS, Kim JH, Moon JE, Ko CW, Ahn MB, Suh BK, Choi JH. Metabolic Impacts of Discontinuation and Resumption of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Treatment during the Transition Period in Patients with Childhood-Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:359-368. [PMID: 35504604 PMCID: PMC9081298 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discontinuing growth hormone (GH) treatment during the transition to adulthood has been associated with adverse health outcomes in patients with childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency (CO-GHD). This study investigated the metabolic changes associated with interrupting GH treatment in adolescents with CO-GHD during the transition period. METHODS This study included 187 patients with CO-GHD who were confirmed to have adult GHD and were treated at six academic centers in Korea. Data on clinical parameters, including anthropometric measurements, metabolic profiles, and bone mineral density (BMD) at the end of childhood GH treatment, were collected at the time of re-evaluation for GHD and 1 year after treatment resumption. RESULTS Most patients (n=182, 97.3%) had organic GHD. The median age at treatment discontinuation and re-evaluation was 15.6 and 18.7 years, respectively. The median duration of treatment interruption was 2.8 years. During treatment discontinuation, body mass index Z-scores and total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels increased, whereas fasting glucose levels decreased. One year after GH treatment resumption, fasting glucose levels, HDL cholesterol levels, and femoral neck BMD increased significantly. Longer GH interruption (>2 years, 60.4%) resulted in worse lipid profiles at re-evaluation. The duration of interruption was positively correlated with fasting glucose and non-HDL cholesterol levels after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSION GH treatment interruption during the transition period resulted in worse metabolic parameters, and a longer interruption period was correlated with poorer outcomes. GH treatment should be resumed early in patients with CO-GHD during the transition period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunha Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Saem Choi
- Departmend of Pediatrics, Severance Children’s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Kim
- Departmend of Pediatrics, Severance Children’s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Moon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Cheol Woo Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Moon Bae Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Kyu Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jung HN, Jung CH. The Upcoming Weekly Tides (Semaglutide vs. Tirzepatide) against Obesity: STEP or SURPASS? J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:28-36. [PMID: 35314521 PMCID: PMC8987449 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapidly increasing prevalence of obesity and obesity-associated morbidity is causing an ever-increasing global burden. Beyond lifestyle modifications, pharmacological approaches to losing body weight to achieve a decrease in cardiometabolic complications are in the spotlight. Pre-existing anti-obesity medications (AOMs) approved for long-term prescription use showed a weight reduction of around 5% more than placebo. In contrast to the modest efficacy of pre-existing AOMs, two newly developed, weekly-administered injectable drugs, semaglutide and tirzepatide, exhibited outstanding weight-loss effects in a series of multinational randomized phase III trials. Considering that these two peptides are the most promising candidates for the upcoming battle in the anti-obesity market, comparison of their efficacy and safety is essential. This review summarizes the body weight reduction efficacy, glycemic control, and safety of semaglutide up to a 2.4-mg dose and tirzepatide up to a 15-mg dose, focusing on the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with Obesity (STEP) 2, SURPASS-1, and SURPASS-2 trials, the subjects of which were all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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144
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Rhee EJ. A Report of Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in the Last 3 Years of Upheaval. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:4-8. [PMID: 35307695 PMCID: PMC8987455 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (JOMES) is the official journal of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (KSSO) and is a peer-reviewed research journal that presents relevant academic research and the newest medical information in the field of obesity. JOMES was launched in 1992, with the foundation of the KSSO and diverse studies on obesity published under the title Journal of the KSSO until 2004. Since its publication in full English in 2017, JOMES was rapidly registered in numerous databases, that is, in PubMed Central in 2018, in Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) and in Scopus in 2019. In addition, JOMES is indexed in KoreaMed, Science Central, EBSCO, DOAJ, and Google Scholar. The increase in the number of citations of JOMES within Web of Science is astonishing, and the world is reading and citing JOMES. In this review, I'd like to review the current status of JOMES and share the rapid development of JOMES with readers and potential authors of JOMES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Rhee
- Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Hur HJ, Lee BK, Kim MS, Park S. Association Between Korean-Style Balanced Diet and Risk of Abdominal Obesity in Korean Adults: An Analysis Using KNHANES-VI (2013-2016). Front Nutr 2022; 8:772347. [PMID: 35127781 PMCID: PMC8811126 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.772347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal obesity is a critical factor for metabolic diseases, and specific eating patterns such as the Mediterranean diet help prevent metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between the modified Korean health eating index (MKHEI), including a Korean-balanced diet, and abdominal obesity risk according to genders in adults aged 20-64 years (4,886 males and 7,431 females), using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013-2016). Adjusted means and 95% confidence intervals of MKHEI scores and nutrient intake estimated using the 24-h recall method were calculated according to abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women) after adjusting for age, residence area, region, education, income, drinking status, smoking status, marital status, and exercise. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for abdominal obesity were measured according to MKHEI tertiles using logistic regression analysis while controlling for covariates. Individuals aged >50 years, married, below high school, lower-income, heavy alcohol drinkers, past and current smokers, and males living in the southern areas had a higher risk of abdominal obesity. In both genders, the scores of all MKHEI components were lower in the abdominal obesity group (n = 2,895) than in the control group (n = 9,422). Further, the scores of fruits with and without fruit juice and those of beans, including fermented beans, were lower in the abdominal obesity group only in females but not in males. Further, the scores of fast foods were higher in the abdominal obesity group than in the control group only in females. After adjusting for covariates, the adjusted OR for abdominal obesity was inversely associated with Korean balanced diet (KBD) related to KHEI scores. Unlike KBD, MKHEI of Western-style diet was not associated with abdominal obesity in either gender. In conclusion, KBD can lower the risk of abdominal obesity in females and should thus be recommended to prevent abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jeong Yang
- Department of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Haeng Jeon Hur
- Department of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Byoung Kook Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Department of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
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146
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Chang HH. Weight Gain and Metabolic Syndrome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients. Infect Chemother 2022; 54:220-235. [PMID: 35706080 PMCID: PMC9259920 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2022.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated wasting has declined with significant advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), weight gain and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are now becoming a problem for people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide. The development of a new and more effective ART regimen has increased viral suppression and improved immunologic function recovery, leading to the extension of the lifespan of PLWH. It has recently been reported as one of the significant factors associated with weight gain, obesity, and long-term metabolic consequences in PLWH. This article reviewed the epidemiology of overweight and MetS among PLWH and the known risk factors for weight gain and its major comorbidities, such as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, neurocognitive disorders, and liver diseases, in PLWH. In addition, reports on the pharmacological and surgical management of overweight and obesity in PLWH has been briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ha Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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147
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Zhang C, Shi R, Zhang G, Bai H, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Chen X, Fu Z, Lin G, Xu Q. The association between body mass index and risk of preoperative oxygenation impairment in patients with the acute aortic syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1018369. [PMID: 36465611 PMCID: PMC9712723 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1018369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) with preoperative oxygenation impairment. METHODS A meta-analysis of published observational studies involving BMI and AAS with preoperative oxygenation impairment was conducted. A total of 230 patients with AAS were enrolled for retrospective analysis. All patients were divided into 2 groups (Non-oxygenation impairment group and Oxygenation impairment group). Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relation between BMI and the risk of preoperative oxygenation impairment after the onset of AAS. Dose-response relationship curve and subgroup analysis were conducted to test the reliability of BMI as an independent factor of it. RESULTS For the meta-analysis, the quantitative synthesis indicated that excessive BMI increased the risk of preoperative oxygenation impairment (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.05-1.60, P heterogeneity = 0.001). For the retrospective analysis, a significant association was observed after adjusting for a series of variables. BMI was significantly related to preoperative oxygenation impairment after the onset of AAS (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.15-1.56, p <0.001), and compared with normal weight group (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 23.0 kg/m2), the individuals with excessive BMI were at higher risk of preoperative oxygenation impairment for the obese group (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) (OR: 17.32, 95% CI: 4.03-74.48, p <0.001). A J-shape curve in dose-response relationship analysis further confirmed their positive correlation. Subgroup analysis showed that diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90mmHg carried an excess risk of preoperative oxygenation impairment in obese patients. CONCLUSION Excessive BMI was an independent risk factor for AAS with preoperative oxygenation impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuliang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuli Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guoqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Guoqiang Lin, ; Qian Xu,
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Guoqiang Lin, ; Qian Xu,
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148
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Kim K, Oh TJ, Park YS, Chang W, Cho HC, Lee J, Lee YK, Choi SH, Jang HC. Association Between Fat Mass or Fat Fibrotic Gene Expression and Polyneuropathy in Subjects With Obesity: A Korean Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Cohort. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:881093. [PMID: 35651981 PMCID: PMC9149169 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.881093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate the association between obesity-related parameters and polyneuropathy (PN) and to evaluate inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression of fat as a potential mediator in subjects scheduled to undergo metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of MBS cohort. Body composition and visceral fat area (VFA) were quantified by bioimpedance analysis and computed tomography scan. PN was defined by Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument-Physical Examination score was > 2. We measured mRNA expression level of FN1, TIMP1, CCL2, and CXCL8 in omental fat tissue. RESULTS Of 189 subjects (mean age, 39.4 years; 69 [36.5%] male; mean body mass index, 38.5 kg/m2), prevalence of PN was 9.1% in subjects without diabetes (n = 110) and 20.3% in those with diabetes (n = 79). Nondiabetic subjects with PN had higher homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (6.8 ± 3.5 vs 4.5 ± 2.8, p = 0.041), and increased fat mass (58.5 ± 12.5 kg vs 50.5 ± 10.7 kg, p = 0.034), and VFA (309.4 ± 117.6 cm2vs 243.5 ± 94.2 cm2, p = 0.046) compared to those without PN. These obesity-related parameters were significantly associated with the presence of PN after adjusting for conventional risk factors of PN only in subjects without diabetes. In contrast, a fibrotic gene such as TIMP1 was independently associated with PN (adjusted odds ratio of 1.56; 95% confidence interval 1.06, 2.30) only in subjects with diabetes. CONCLUSION Increased adiposity was independently associated with PN in obese subjects without diabetes. In contrast, this association was not significant after adjusting conventional risk factors of PN in obese subjects with diabetes but increased fibrotic gene expression in fat was associated with PN in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Tae Jung Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Tae Jung Oh,
| | - Young Suk Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Won Chang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hyen Chung Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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149
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Kim KW, Lee S. [Childbirth outcomes and perineal damage in women with natural childbirth in Korea: a retrospective chart review]. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2021; 27:379-387. [PMID: 36311447 PMCID: PMC9328644 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2021.08.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine the actual state of childbirth in Korean women with natural childbirth and the degree of damage to the perineum during childbirth. Methods This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of mothers who had natural childbirth at a hospital in Seoul, Korea in 2018. Data from 358 women with cephalic births at greater than 37 gestational weeks were analyzed. To determine natural childbirth characteristics and the degree of damage to the perineum, descriptive statistics were done. The difference in the degree of perineal injury according to obstetric characteristics was analyzed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Results The mean age was 33.18±3.68 years, and 49.2% were primiparas, while 39% gave birth with a doula. The degree of perineal damage differed by age (F=9.15, p<.001), parity (t=19.13, p<.001), number of births in multiparity (F=3.68, p=.027), previous vaginal delivery in multiparity (F=3.00, p=.032) and birthing posture (F=7.44, p<.001). Having received therapeutic procedures (t=-4.62, p<.001), specifically fluid administration (t=-2.72, p=.007), oxygen supply (t=--2.76, p=.006) and epidural anesthesia (t=-2.77, p=.006) were statistically significant for perineal damage. There were no differences, however, by gestational period, doula use, water room use in labor, baby head circumference, or birth weight. Conclusion Study findings suggest that support for older women, primiparas, and those who require therapeutic procedures may help to decrease the possibility of perineal damage during childbirth. As perineal damage was also associated with birthing posture, this should be considered when providing intrapartum nursing care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunhee Lee
- Corresponding author: Sunhee Lee Department of Nursing, Gimcheon University, 214 Daehak-ro, Gimcheon 39528, Korea Tel: +82-54-420-4252 E-mail:
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150
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Pyo SS. The Interaction of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Uric Acid on Obesity in Koreans: Based on the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII, 2016∼2018). KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2021.53.4.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Shin Pyo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan, Korea
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