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Jin P, Duan X, Li L, Zhou P, Zou C, Xie K. Cellular senescence in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e542. [PMID: 38660685 PMCID: PMC11042538 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging exhibits several hallmarks in common with cancer, such as cellular senescence, dysbiosis, inflammation, genomic instability, and epigenetic changes. In recent decades, research into the role of cellular senescence on tumor progression has received widespread attention. While how senescence limits the course of cancer is well established, senescence has also been found to promote certain malignant phenotypes. The tumor-promoting effect of senescence is mainly elicited by a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which facilitates the interaction of senescent tumor cells with their surroundings. Targeting senescent cells therefore offers a promising technique for cancer therapy. Drugs that pharmacologically restore the normal function of senescent cells or eliminate them would assist in reestablishing homeostasis of cell signaling. Here, we describe cell senescence, its occurrence, phenotype, and impact on tumor biology. A "one-two-punch" therapeutic strategy in which cancer cell senescence is first induced, followed by the use of senotherapeutics for eliminating the senescent cells is introduced. The advances in the application of senotherapeutics for targeting senescent cells to assist cancer treatment are outlined, with an emphasis on drug categories, and the strategies for their screening, design, and efficient targeting. This work will foster a thorough comprehension and encourage additional research within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio‐Resources in Yunnan, School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnanChina
| | - Xirui Duan
- Department of OncologySchool of MedicineSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of OncologySchool of MedicineSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina
| | - Cheng‐Gang Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio‐Resources in Yunnan, School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnanChina
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of OncologySchool of MedicineSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina
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Roccuzzo G, Sarda C, Pala V, Ribero S, Quaglino P. Prognostic biomarkers in melanoma: a 2023 update from clinical trials in different therapeutic scenarios. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:379-392. [PMID: 38738539 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2347484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade, significant advancements in the field of melanoma have included the introduction of a new staging system and the development of immunotherapy and targeted therapies, leading to changes in substage classification and impacting patient prognosis. Despite these strides, early detection remains paramount. The quest for dependable prognostic biomarkers is ongoing, given melanoma's unpredictable nature, especially in identifying patients at risk of relapse. Reliable biomarkers are critical for informed treatment decisions. AREAS COVERED This review offers a comprehensive review of prognostic biomarkers in the context of clinical trials for immunotherapy and targeted therapy. It explores different clinical scenarios, including adjuvant, metastatic, and neo-adjuvant settings. Key findings suggest that tumor mutational burden, PD-L1 expression, IFN-γ signature, and immune-related factors are promising biomarkers associated with improved treatment responses. EXPERT OPINION Identifying practical prognostic factors for melanoma therapy is challenging due to the tumor's heterogeneity. Promising biomarkers include tumor mutational burden (TMB), circulating tumor DNA, and those characterizing the tumor microenvironment, especially the immune component. Future research should prioritize large-scale, prospective studies to validate and standardize these biomarkers, emphasizing clinical relevance and real-world applicability. Easily accessible biomarkers have the potential to enhance the precision and effectiveness of melanoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Roccuzzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Sarda
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Pala
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simone Ribero
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Kang H, Park YK, Lee JY, Bae M. Roles of Histone Deacetylase 4 in the Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:340-353. [PMID: 38514922 PMCID: PMC11140402 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), a class IIa HDAC, has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target in treating inflammatory and metabolic processes based on its essential role in various biological pathways by deacetylating non-histone proteins, including transcription factors. The activity of HDAC4 is regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. The functions of HDAC4 are tissue-dependent in response to endogenous and exogenous factors and their substrates. In particular, the association of HDAC4 with non-histone targets, including transcription factors, such as myocyte enhancer factor 2, hypoxia-inducible factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, and forkhead box proteins, play a crucial role in regulating inflammatory and metabolic processes. This review summarizes the regulatory modes of HDAC4 activity and its functions in inflammation, insulin signaling and glucose metabolism, and cardiac muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young-Ki Park
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Minkyung Bae
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Brow D, Shike H, Kendrick J, Pettersson L, Mineishi S, Claxton DF, Wirk B, Cioccio J, Greiner RJ, Viswanatha D, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Li Z, Tyler J, Elrefaei M. Assessment of chimerism by next generation sequencing: A comparison to STR/qPCR methods. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110794. [PMID: 38553384 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Chimerism analysis is used to evaluate patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) for engraftment and minimal measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring. A combination of short-tandem repeat (STR) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was required to achieve both sensitivity and accuracy in the patients with various chimerism statuses. In this study, an insertion/deletion-based multiplex chimerism assay by next generation sequencing (NGS) was evaluated using 5 simulated unrelated donor-recipient combinations from 10 volunteers. Median number of informative markers detected was 8 (range = 5 - 11). The limit of quantitation (LoQ) was determined to be 0.1 % recipient. Assay sample number/batch was 10-20 and total assay time was 19-31 h (manual labor = 2.1 h). Additionally, 50 peripheral blood samples from 5 allo-HSCT recipients (related: N = 4; unrelated: N = 1) were tested by NGS and STR/qPCR. Median number of informative markers detected was 7 (range = 4 - 12). Results from both assays demonstrated a strong correlation (Y = 0.9875X + 0.333; R2 = 0.9852), no significant assay bias (difference mean - 0.08), and 100 % concordant detection of percent recipient increase ≥ 0.1 % (indicator of increased relapse risk). NGS-based chimerism assay can support all allo-HSCT for engraftment and MRD monitoring and simplify clinical laboratory workflow compared to STR/qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Brow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Hiroko Shike
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Pathology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jasmine Kendrick
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Shin Mineishi
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hematology Oncology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David F Claxton
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hematology Oncology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Baldeep Wirk
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hematology Oncology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joseph Cioccio
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hematology Oncology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Greiner
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David Viswanatha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mohamed A Kharfan-Dabaja
- Division of Hematology Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Zhuo Li
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer Tyler
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Pathology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed Elrefaei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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Athiel Y, Jouannic JM, Mauffré V, Dehan C, Adam C, Blot S, Lallemant P, De Saint Denis T, Larghero J, Nasone J, Guilbaud L. Allogenic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells improve motor function in prenatal surgical repair of myelomeningocele: An ovine model study. BJOG 2024; 131:759-767. [PMID: 37492999 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of an adjuvant allogenic umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell (UC-MSC) patch applied during fetal surgery on motor and sphincter function in the ovine MMC model. DESIGN MMC defects were surgically created at 75 days of gestation and repaired 14 days later. POPULATION Ovine MMC model: fetal lambs. METHODS We compared lambs that received a UC-MSC patch with a control group of lambs that received an acellular patch. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical neurological assessment was performed at 2 and 24 hours of life and included determination of the Sheep Locomotor Rating scale (SLR), which has been validated in the ovine MMC model. Electrophysical examinations, spine scans and histological analyses were also performed. RESULTS Of the 13 operated lambs, nine were born alive: five had of these had received a UC-MSC patch and four an acellular patch. At 24 hours of life, lambs in the UC-MSC group had a significantly higher score (14 versus 5, P = 0.04). Amyotrophy was significantly more common in the control group (75% versus 0%, P = 0.02). All the lambs in the control group and none of those in the UC-MSC group were incontinent. No significant differences were observed between the UC-MSC and control groups in terms of the presence of spontaneous EMG activity, nerve conduction or spinal evoked potentials. In the microscopic examination, lambs in the UC-MSC group had less fibrosis between the spinal cord and the dermis (mean thickness, 453 versus 3921 μm, P = 0.03) and around the spinal cord (mean thickness, 47 versus 158 μm, P < 0.001). Examination of the spinal cord in the area of the MMC defect showed a higher large neuron density in the UC-MSC group (14.5 versus 5.6 neurons/mm2, P < 0.001). No tumours were observed. CONCLUSIONS Fetal repair of MMC using UC-MSC patches improves motor and sphincter function as well as spinal preservation and reduction of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Athiel
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, U976 et Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapies CIC-BT CBT501, INSERM, Paris, France
- Service de médecine fœtale, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, DMU ORIGYNE, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Jouannic
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, U976 et Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapies CIC-BT CBT501, INSERM, Paris, France
- Service de médecine fœtale, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, DMU ORIGYNE, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Working Group Spina Bifida and Other Dysraphisms, European Reference Network ITHACA, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Mauffré
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maison-Alfort, France
| | - Coralie Dehan
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maison-Alfort, France
| | - Clovis Adam
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Stéphane Blot
- U955-IMRB, Inserm, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité de Neurologie, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pauline Lallemant
- National Reference Center for Rare Disease: Vertebral and Spinal Cord Anomalies (MAVEM Center), AP-HP, Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Timothé De Saint Denis
- Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence Chiari, Syringomyélie et Malformations du Rachis et de la Moelle C-MAVEM, et Centre de Référence des Malformations Craniofaciales-CRMR, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Larghero
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, U976 et Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapies CIC-BT CBT501, INSERM, Paris, France
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Centre MEARY de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Justine Nasone
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, U976 et Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapies CIC-BT CBT501, INSERM, Paris, France
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Centre MEARY de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Guilbaud
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, U976 et Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapies CIC-BT CBT501, INSERM, Paris, France
- Service de médecine fœtale, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, DMU ORIGYNE, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Dhaliwal S, Gill FS, Hamid P. The Unprecedented Success of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies. Cureus 2024; 16:e59951. [PMID: 38854249 PMCID: PMC11162278 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy is one of the most unprecedented advancements in the treatment of hematological malignancies, especially B-cell malignancies. The fundamental notion behind the success of this therapy is to generate a synthetic protein (CAR) capable of redirecting T lymphocytes to act against cancer cells. New insights into the genetic and molecular base of hematological malignancies have more recently given rise to the development of targeted treatments. CAR T-cell therapy is one of these immunological treatment techniques that has recently received a lot of attention and paved a light of hope for the effective cure of relapsed and refractory hematological malignancies and some solid malignancies. Researchers of today might not know what the future holds for CAR T-cell therapy, but from whatever research has been done so far, this therapy has proven to be a success despite its limitations, and it can be assumed that the spectrum of its application is expanding with each passing day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sargam Dhaliwal
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Fatehpal S Gill
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Pousette Hamid
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Wang M, Yan X, Dong Y, Li X, Gao B. Machine learning and multi-omics data reveal driver gene-based molecular subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma for precision treatment. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012113. [PMID: 38728362 PMCID: PMC11230636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) poses a barrier to effective treatment. Stratifying highly heterogeneous HCC into molecular subtypes with similar features is crucial for personalized anti-tumor therapies. Although driver genes play pivotal roles in cancer progression, their potential in HCC subtyping has been largely overlooked. This study aims to utilize driver genes to construct HCC subtype models and unravel their molecular mechanisms. Utilizing a novel computational framework, we expanded the initially identified 96 driver genes to 1192 based on mutational aspects and an additional 233 considering driver dysregulation. These genes were subsequently employed as stratification markers for further analyses. A novel multi-omics subtype classification algorithm was developed, leveraging mutation and expression data of the identified stratification genes. This algorithm successfully categorized HCC into two distinct subtypes, CLASS A and CLASS B, demonstrating significant differences in survival outcomes. Integrating multi-omics and single-cell data unveiled substantial distinctions between these subtypes regarding transcriptomics, mutations, copy number variations, and epigenomics. Moreover, our prognostic model exhibited excellent predictive performance in training and external validation cohorts. Finally, a 10-gene classification model for these subtypes identified TTK as a promising therapeutic target with robust classification capabilities. This comprehensive study provides a novel perspective on HCC stratification, offering crucial insights for a deeper understanding of its pathogenesis and the development of promising treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Faculty of Environment and Life of Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Yan
- Faculty of Environment and Life of Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Dong
- Faculty of Environment and Life of Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Faculty of Environment and Life of Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Faculty of Environment and Life of Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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Shi Y, Wan S, Song X. Role of neurogenic inflammation in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. J Dermatol 2024; 51:621-631. [PMID: 38605467 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Alopecia areata refers to an autoimmune illness indicated by persistent inflammation. The key requirement for alopecia areata occurrence is the disruption of immune-privileged regions within the hair follicles. Recent research has indicated that neuropeptides play a role in the damage to hair follicles by triggering neurogenic inflammation, stimulating mast cells ambient the follicles, and promoting apoptotic processes in keratinocytes. However, the exact pathogenesis of alopecia areata requires further investigation. Recently, there has been an increasing focus on understanding the mechanisms of immune diseases resulting from the interplay between the nervous and the immune system. Neurogenic inflammation due to neuroimmune disorders of the skin system may disrupt the inflammatory microenvironment of the hair follicle, which plays a crucial part in the progression of alopecia areata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetan Shi
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuzu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Tang M, Wang C, Xia Y, Tang J, Wang J, Shen L. Clostridioides difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical review. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2024; 22:297-306. [PMID: 38676422 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2347955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Strong clinical data demonstrate that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an independent risk factor for Clostridiodes difficile infection (CDI) and suggest a globally increased prevalence and severity of C. difficile coinfection in IBD patients (CDI-IBD). In addition to elderly individuals, children are also at higher risk of CDI-IBD. Rapid diagnosis is essential since the clinical manifestations of active IBD and CDI-IBD are indistinguishable. Antibiotics have been well established in the treatment of CDI-IBD, but they do not prevent recurrence. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors focus on reviewing recent research advances on the new therapies of CDI-IBD. The novel therapies include gut microbiota restoration therapies (such as prebiotics, probiotics and FMT), immunotherapy (such as vaccines and monoclonal antibodies) and diet strategies (such as groningen anti-inflammatory diet and mediterranean diet). Future extensive prospective and placebo-controlled studies are required to evaluate their efficacy and long-term safety. EXPERT OPINION Available studies show that the prevalence of CDI-IBD is not optimistic. Currently, potential treatment options for CDI-IBD include a number of probiotics and novel antibiotics. This review updates the knowledge on the management of CDI in IBD patients, which is timely and important for GI doctors and scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Tang
- Central Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Central Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Central Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Central Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
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Molaei S, Moazen H, Niazkar HR, Sabaei M, Johari MG, Rezaianzadeh A. Application of boosted trees to the prognosis prediction of COVID-19. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2104. [PMID: 38784249 PMCID: PMC11111612 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The precise prediction of COVID-19 prognosis remains a clinical challenge. In this regard, early identification of severe cases facilitates the triage and management of COVID-19 cases. The present paper aims to explore the prognosis of COVID-19 patients based on routine laboratory tests taken when patients are admitted. Methods A data set including 1455 COVID-19 patients (727 male, 728 female) and their routine laboratory tests conducted upon hospital admission, age, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, and outcome were gathered. The data set was randomly split into the train (75% of the data) and test data set (25% of the data). The explainable boosting machine (EBM) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were used for predicting the mortality and ICU admission of COVID-19 cases. Also, feature importance was extracted using EBM and XGBoost. Results The EBM and XGBoost achieved 86.38% and 88.56% accuracy in the test data set, respectively. In addition, EBM and XGBoost predicted the ICU admission with an accuracy of 89.37%, and 79.29% in the test data set for COVID-19 patients, respectively. Also, obtained models indicated that aspartate transaminase (AST), lymphocyte, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and age are the most significant predictors of COVID-19 mortality. Furthermore, the lymphocyte count, AST, and BUN level were the most significant ICU admission predictors of COVID-19 patients. Conclusions The current study indicated that both EBM and XGBoost could predict the ICU admission and mortality of COVID-19 cases based on routine hematological and clinical chemistry evaluation at the time of admission. Also, based on the results, AST, lymphocyte count, and BUN levels could be used as early predictors of COVID-19 prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Molaei
- Department of Computer EngineeringAmirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Hadi Moazen
- Department of Computer Science and Software EngineeringUniversite LavalQuebecQuebecCanada
| | - Hamid R. Niazkar
- Breast Diseases Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Masoud Sabaei
- Department of Computer EngineeringAmirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Masoumeh G. Johari
- Breast Diseases Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Colorectal Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Aslani N, Abtahi-Naeini B, Rastegarnasab F, Derakhshan M, Tavousi E, Mehraein K. Combination of four features of SLC29A3 spectrum disorder in a child: A case report. Pediatr Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38689526 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
SLC29A3 spectrum disorder, also known as histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome (HLPS), presents a wide variety of multi-systemic manifestations that can be mistaken for other conditions. Herein, we report a 9-year-old girl who presented with a complex clinical presentation since birth, including chronic generalized lymphadenopathy in association with hepatosplenomegaly, short stature, flexion contractures, hearing loss, hyperpigmentation, and heart anomalies. She was ultimately diagnosed with the SLC29A3 spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Aslani
- Pediatric Rheumatology Society of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pediatrics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Abtahi-Naeini
- Pediatric Dermatology Division of Department of Pediatrics, Imam Hossein Children's Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Tavousi
- Department of Pediatrics, Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kimia Mehraein
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Zeng H, Wang W, Zhang L, Lin Z. HER3-targeted therapy: the mechanism of drug resistance and the development of anticancer drugs. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:14. [PMID: 38835349 PMCID: PMC11149107 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2024.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3), which is part of the HER family, is aberrantly expressed in various human cancers. Since HER3 only has weak tyrosine kinase activity, when HER3 ligand neuregulin 1 (NRG1) or neuregulin 2 (NRG2) appears, activated HER3 contributes to cancer development and drug resistance by forming heterodimers with other receptors, mainly including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Inhibition of HER3 and its downstream signaling, including PI3K/AKT, MEK/MAPK, JAK/STAT, and Src kinase, is believed to be necessary to conquer drug resistance and improve treatment efficiency. Until now, despite multiple anti-HER3 antibodies undergoing preclinical and clinical studies, none of the HER3-targeted therapies are licensed for utilization in clinical cancer treatment because of their safety and efficacy. Therefore, the development of HER3-targeted drugs possessing safety, tolerability, and sensitivity is crucial for clinical cancer treatment. This review summarizes the progress of the mechanism of HER3 in drug resistance, the HER3-targeted therapies that are conducted in preclinical and clinical trials, and some emerging molecules that could be used as future designed drugs for HER3, aiming to provide insights for future research and development of anticancer drugs targeting HER3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cancer Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing 402260, China
| | - Zhenghong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Kotsifaki A, Maroulaki S, Armakolas A. Exploring the Immunological Profile in Breast Cancer: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Prognosis through Circulating Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4832. [PMID: 38732051 PMCID: PMC11084220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This review offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate immunological landscape of breast cancer (BC), focusing on recent advances in diagnosis and prognosis through the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Positioned within the broader context of BC research, it underscores the pivotal role of the immune system in shaping the disease's progression. The primary objective of this investigation is to synthesize current knowledge on the immunological aspects of BC, with a particular emphasis on the diagnostic and prognostic potential offered by CTCs. This review adopts a thorough examination of the relevant literature, incorporating recent breakthroughs in the field. The methodology section succinctly outlines the approach, with a specific focus on CTC analysis and its implications for BC diagnosis and prognosis. Through this review, insights into the dynamic interplay between the immune system and BC are highlighted, with a specific emphasis on the role of CTCs in advancing diagnostic methodologies and refining prognostic assessments. Furthermore, this review presents objective and substantiated results, contributing to a deeper understanding of the immunological complexity in BC. In conclusion, this investigation underscores the significance of exploring the immunological profile of BC patients, providing valuable insights into novel advances in diagnosis and prognosis through the utilization of CTCs. The objective presentation of findings emphasizes the crucial role of the immune system in BC dynamics, thereby opening avenues for enhanced clinical management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Athanasios Armakolas
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (S.M.)
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Alhumaid A, Liu F, Shan S, Jafari E, Nourin N, Somanath PR, Narayanan SP. Spermine oxidase inhibitor, MDL 72527, reduced neovascularization, vascular permeability, and acrolein-conjugated proteins in a mouse model of ischemic retinopathy. Tissue Barriers 2024:2347070. [PMID: 38682891 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2024.2347070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in polyamine metabolism have been identified as contributing factors to various central nervous system disorders. Our laboratory has previously highlighted the crucial role of polyamine oxidation in retinal disease models, specifically noting elevated levels of spermine oxidase (SMOX) in inner retinal neurons. Our prior research demonstrated that inhibiting SMOX with MDL 72527 protected against vascular injury and microglial activation induced by hyperoxia in the retina. However, the effects of SMOX inhibition on retinal neovascularization and vascular permeability, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms of vascular protection, remain incompletely understood. In this study, we utilized the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model to explore the impact of SMOX inhibition on retinal neovascularization, vascular permeability, and the molecular mechanisms underlying MDL 72527-mediated vasoprotection in the OIR retina. Our findings indicate that inhibiting SMOX with MDL 72527 mitigated vaso-obliteration and neovascularization in the OIR retina. Additionally, it reduced OIR-induced vascular permeability and Claudin-5 expression, suppressed acrolein-conjugated protein levels, and downregulated P38/ERK1/2/STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, our results revealed that treatment with BSA-Acrolein conjugates significantly decreased the viability of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) and activated P38 signaling. These observations contribute valuable insights into the potential therapeutic benefits of SMOX inhibition by MDL 72527 in ischemic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alhumaid
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Shengshuai Shan
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Eissa Jafari
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia Nourin
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - S Priya Narayanan
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Azevedo EM, Fracaro L, Hochuli AHD, Ilkiw J, Bail EL, Lisboa MDO, Rodrigues LS, Barchiki F, Correa A, Capriglione LGA, Brofman PRS, Lima MMS. Comparative analysis of uninduced and neuronally-induced human dental pulp stromal cells in a 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00678-9. [PMID: 38739074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, dental pulp stromal cells (DPSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for Parkinson's disease (PD), owing to their inherent neurogenic potential and the lack of neuroprotective treatments for this condition. However, uncertainties persist regarding the efficacy of these cells in an undifferentiated state versus a neuronally-induced state. This study aims to delineate the distinct therapeutic potential of uninduced and neuronally-induced DPSCs in a rodent model of PD induced by 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). METHODS DPSCs were isolated from human teeth, characterized as mesenchymal stromal cells, and induced to neuronal differentiation. Neuronal markers were assessed before and after induction. DPSCs were transplanted into the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats 7 days following the 6-OHDA lesion. In vivo tracking of the cells, evaluation of locomotor behavior, dopaminergic neuron survival, and the expression of essential proteins within the dopaminergic system were conducted 7 days postgrafting. RESULTS Isolated DPSCs exhibited typical characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells and maintained a normal karyotype. DPSCs consistently expressed neuronal markers, exhibiting elevated expression of βIII-tubulin following neuronal induction. Results from the animal model showed that both DPSC types promoted substantial recovery in dopaminergic neurons, correlating with enhanced locomotion. Additionally, neuronally-induced DPSCs prevented GFAP elevation, while altering DARPP-32 phosphorylation states. Conversely, uninduced DPSCs reduced JUN levels. Both DPSC types mitigated the elevation of glycosylated DAT. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that uninduced DPSCs and neuronally-induced DPSCs exhibit potential in reducing dopaminergic neuron loss and improving locomotor behavior, but their underlying mechanisms differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evellyn M Azevedo
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Letícia Fracaro
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Agner H D Hochuli
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Ilkiw
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ellen L Bail
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mateus de O Lisboa
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lais S Rodrigues
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Barchiki
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Correa
- Laboratory of Basic Biology of Stem Cells, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luiz G A Capriglione
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Paulo R S Brofman
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M S Lima
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil.
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Lai X, Jiao X, Zhang H, Lei J. Computational modeling reveals key factors driving treatment-free remission in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:45. [PMID: 38678088 PMCID: PMC11055880 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who receive tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been known to achieve treatment-free remission (TFR) upon discontinuing treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon remain incompletely understood. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of TFR in CML patients, focusing on the feedback interaction between leukemia stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment. We have developed a mathematical model to explore the interplay between leukemia stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment, allowing for the simulation of CML progression dynamics. Our proposed model reveals a dichotomous response following TKI discontinuation, with two distinct patient groups emerging: one prone to early molecular relapse and the other capable of achieving long-term TFR after treatment cessation. This finding aligns with clinical observations and underscores the essential role of feedback interaction between leukemic cells and the tumor microenvironment in sustaining TFR. Notably, we have shown that the ratio of leukemia cells in peripheral blood (PBLC) and the tumor microenvironment (TME) index can be a valuable predictive tool for identifying patients likely to achieve TFR after discontinuing treatment. This study provides fresh insights into the mechanism of TFR in CML patients and underscores the significance of microenvironmental control in achieving TFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Lai
- Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopei Jiao
- Department of Mathematics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haojian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jinzhi Lei
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Center for Applied Mathematics, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China.
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Huang J, Kuang W, Zhou Z. IL-1 signaling pathway, an important target for inflammation surrounding in myocardial infarction. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01481-4. [PMID: 38676853 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is an important cardiovascular disease worldwide. Although the mortality rate of myocardial infarction (MI) has improved dramatically in recent years due to timely treatment, adverse remodeling of the left ventricle continues to affect cardiac function. Various immune cells are involved in this process to induce inflammation and amplification. The infiltration of inflammatory cells in the infarcted myocardium is induced by various cytokines and chemokines, and the recruitment of leukocytes further amplifies the inflammatory response. As an increasing number of clinical anti-inflammatory therapies have achieved significant success in recent years, treating myocardial infarction by targeting inflammation may become a novel therapeutic option. In particular, successful clinical trials of canakinumab have demonstrated the important role of the inflammatory factor interleukin-1 (IL-1) in atherosclerosis. Targeted IL-1 therapy may decrease inflammation levels and improve cardiac function in patients after myocardial infarction. This article reviews the complex series of responses after myocardial infarction, including the involvement of inflammatory cells and the role of cytokines and chemokines, focusing on the progression of the IL-1 family in myocardial infarction as well as the performance of current targeted therapy drugs in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenlong Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihua Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Zhang J, Wu L, Wang C, Xie X, Han Y. Research Progress of Long Non-Coding RNA in Tumor Drug Resistance: A New Paradigm. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1385-1398. [PMID: 38689609 PMCID: PMC11060174 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s448707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, chemotherapy has been one of the most effective cancer treatment options. Drug resistance is currently one of the greatest obstacles to effective cancer treatment. Even though drug resistance mechanisms have been extensively investigated, they have not been fully elucidated. Recent genome-wide investigations have revealed the existence of a substantial quantity of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) transcribed from the human genome, which actively participate in numerous biological processes, such as transcription, splicing, epigenetics, the cell cycle, cell differentiation, development, pluripotency, immune microenvironment. The abnormal expression of lncRNA is considered a contributing factor to the drug resistance. Furthermore, drug resistance may be influenced by genetic and epigenetic variations, as well as individual differences in patient treatment response, attributable to polymorphisms in metabolic enzyme genes. This review focuses on the mechanism of lncRNAs resistance to target drugs in the study of tumors with high mortality, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Wu
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuying Han
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Science and Education Department, Xi’an No. 5 Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Lizana-Vasquez GD, Mendez-Vega J, Cappabianca D, Saha K, Torres-Lugo M. In vitro encapsulation and expansion of T and CAR-T cells using 3D synthetic thermo-responsive matrices. RSC Adv 2024; 14:13734-13747. [PMID: 38681842 PMCID: PMC11046447 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01968g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Suspension cell culture and rigid commercial substrates are the most common methods to clinically manufacture therapeutic CAR-T cells ex vivo. However, suspension culture and nano/micro-scale commercial substrates poorly mimic the microenvironment where T cells naturally develop, leading to profound impacts on cell proliferation and phenotype. To overcome this major challenge, macro-scale substrates can be used to emulate that environment with higher precision. This work employed a biocompatible thermo-responsive material with tailored mechanical properties as a potential synthetic macro-scale scaffold to support T cell encapsulation and culture. Cell viability, expansion, and phenotype changes were assessed to study the effect of two thermo-responsive hydrogel materials with stiffnesses of 0.5 and 17 kPa. Encapsulated Pan-T and CAR-T cells were able to grow and physically behave similar to the suspension control. Furthermore, matrix stiffness influenced T cell behavior. In the softer polymer, T cells had higher activation, differentiation, and maturation after encapsulation obtaining significant cell numbers. Even when terpolymer encapsulation affected the CAR-T cell viability and expansion, CAR T cells expressed favorable phenotypical profiles, which was supported with cytokines and lactate production. These results confirmed the biocompatibility of the thermo-responsive hydrogels and their feasibility as a promising 3D macro-scale scaffold for in vitro T cell expansion that could potentially be used for cell manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby D Lizana-Vasquez
- Deparment of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez Road 108 Km. 1.0 Bo. Miradero. P.O. Box 9046 Mayagüez 00681-9046 Puerto Rico USA +1 787 832 4040 Ext. 2585
| | - Janet Mendez-Vega
- Deparment of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez Road 108 Km. 1.0 Bo. Miradero. P.O. Box 9046 Mayagüez 00681-9046 Puerto Rico USA +1 787 832 4040 Ext. 2585
| | - Dan Cappabianca
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Krishanu Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Madeline Torres-Lugo
- Deparment of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez Road 108 Km. 1.0 Bo. Miradero. P.O. Box 9046 Mayagüez 00681-9046 Puerto Rico USA +1 787 832 4040 Ext. 2585
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Schuster M, Braun FK, Chiang DML, Ludwig C, Meng C, Grätz C, Kirchner B, Proescholdt M, Hau P, Steinlein OK, Pfaffl MW, Riemenschneider MJ, Reithmair M. Extracellular vesicles secreted by 3D tumor organoids are enriched for immune regulatory signaling biomolecules compared to conventional 2D glioblastoma cell systems. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1388769. [PMID: 38726003 PMCID: PMC11079215 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1388769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Newer 3D culturing approaches are a promising way to better mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment and to study the interactions between the heterogeneous cell populations of glioblastoma multiforme. Like many other tumors, glioblastoma uses extracellular vesicles as an intercellular communication system to prepare surrounding tissue for invasive tumor growth. However, little is known about the effects of 3D culture on extracellular vesicles. The aim of this study was to comprehensively characterize extracellular vesicles in 3D organoid models and compare them to conventional 2D cell culture systems. Methods Primary glioblastoma cells were cultured as 2D and 3D organoid models. Extracellular vesicles were obtained by precipitation and immunoaffinity, with the latter allowing targeted isolation of the CD9/CD63/CD81 vesicle subpopulation. Comprehensive vesicle characterization was performed and miRNA expression profiles were generated by smallRNA-sequencing. In silico analysis of differentially regulated miRNAs was performed to identify mRNA targets and corresponding signaling pathways. The tumor cell media and extracellular vesicle proteome were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results We observed an increased concentration of extracellular vesicles in 3D organoid cultures. Differential gene expression analysis further revealed the regulation of twelve miRNAs in 3D tumor organoid cultures (with nine miRNAs down and three miRNAs upregulated). MiR-23a-3p, known to be involved in glioblastoma invasion, was significantly increased in 3D. MiR-7-5p, which counteracts glioblastoma malignancy, was significantly decreased. Moreover, we identified four miRNAs (miR-323a-3p, miR-382-5p, miR-370-3p, miR-134-5p) located within the DLK1-DIO3 domain, a cancer-associated genomic region, suggesting a possible importance of this region in glioblastoma progression. Overrepresentation analysis identified alterations of extracellular vesicle cargo in 3D organoids, including representation of several miRNA targets and proteins primarily implicated in the immune response. Conclusion Our results show that 3D glioblastoma organoid models secrete extracellular vesicles with an altered cargo compared to corresponding conventional 2D cultures. Extracellular vesicles from 3D cultures were found to contain signaling molecules associated with the immune regulatory signaling pathways and as such could potentially change the surrounding microenvironment towards tumor progression and immunosuppressive conditions. These findings suggest the use of 3D glioblastoma models for further clinical biomarker studies as well as investigation of new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schuster
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank K. Braun
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dapi Meng-Lin Chiang
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Christina Ludwig
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Christian Grätz
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Martin Proescholdt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hau
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander Neuro-Oncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ortrud K. Steinlein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Marlene Reithmair
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Li X, Pu Z, Xu G, Yang Y, Cui Y, Zhou X, Wang C, Zhong Z, Zhou S, Yin J, Shan F, Yang C, Jiao L, Chen D, Huang J. Hypoxia-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy Companies with Apoptosis Enhancement and p38-MAPK Pathway Activation. High Alt Med Biol 2024. [PMID: 38647652 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2023.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Li, Xiaoxu, Zhijun Pu, Gang Xu, Yidong Yang, Yu Cui, Xiaoying Zhou, Chenyuan Wang, Zhifeng Zhong, Simin Zhou, Jun Yin, Fabo Shan, Chengzhong Yang, Li Jiao, Dewei Chen, and Jian Huang. Hypoxia-induced myocardial hypertrophy companies with apoptosis enhancement and p38-MAPK pathway activation. High Alt Med Biol. 00:00-00, 2024. Background: Right ventricular function and remodeling are closely associated with symptom severity and patient survival in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced myocardial hypertrophy remain unclear. Methods: In Sprague-Dawley rats, hemodynamics were assessed under both normoxia and hypobaric hypoxia at intervals of 7 (H7), 14 (H14), and 28 (H28) days. Morphological changes in myocardial tissue were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, while myocardial hypertrophy was evaluated with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining. Apoptosis was determined through TUNEL assays. To further understand the mechanism of myocardial hypertrophy, RNA sequencing was conducted, with findings validated via Western blot analysis. Results: The study demonstrated increased hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and improved right ventricular diastolic and systolic function in the rat models. Significant elevations in pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), right ventricular mean pressure (RVMP), and the absolute value of +dp/dtmax were observed in the H14 and H28 groups compared with controls. In addition, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), -dp/dtmax, and the mean dp/dt during isovolumetric relaxation period were notably higher in the H28 group. Heart rate increased in the H14 group, whereas the time constant of right ventricular isovolumic relaxation (tau) was reduced in both H14 and H28 groups. Both the right heart hypertrophy index and the heart weight/body weight ratio (HW/BW) were elevated in the H14 and H28 groups. Myocardial cell cross-sectional area also increased, as shown by HE and WGA staining. Western blot results revealed upregulated HIF-1α levels and enhanced HIF-2α expression in the H7 group. In addition, phosphorylation of p38 and c-fos was augmented in the H28 group. The H28 group showed elevated levels of Cytochrome C (Cyto C), whereas the H14 and H28 groups exhibited increased levels of Cleaved Caspase-3 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. TUNEL analysis revealed a rise in apoptosis with the extension of hypoxia duration in the right ventricle. Conclusions: The study established a link between apoptosis and p38-MAPK pathway activation in hypoxia-induced myocardial hypertrophy, suggesting their significant roles in this pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Li
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhijun Pu
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yidong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenyuan Wang
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Simin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Fabo Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Da-ping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengzhong Yang
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Jiao
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Dewei Chen
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of High Altitude Physiology & Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Niscola P, Gianfelici V, Giovannini M, Piccioni D, Mazzone C, de Fabritiis P. Latest Insights and Therapeutic Advances in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1563. [PMID: 38672645 PMCID: PMC11048617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDSs) encompass a range of hematopoietic malignancies, commonly affecting elderly individuals. Molecular alterations in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment drive disease pathogenesis. Recent advancements in genomic profiling have provided valuable insights into the biological underpinnings of MDSs and have expanded therapeutic options, particularly for specific molecularly defined subgroups. This review highlights the diagnostic principles, classification updates, prognostic stratification systems, and novel treatments, which could inform future clinical trials and enhance the management of adult MDS patients, particularly for specific molecularly defined subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Niscola
- Division of Haematology, Sant’ Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (V.G.); (M.G.); (D.P.); (C.M.); (P.d.F.)
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Mandala E, Lafara K, Kokkinovasilis D, Kalafatis I, Koukoulitsa V, Katodritou E, Lafaras C. Applied Cardio-Oncology in Hematological Malignancies: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:524. [PMID: 38672794 PMCID: PMC11050930 DOI: 10.3390/life14040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Applied cardio-oncology in hematological malignancies refers to the integration of cardiovascular care and management for patients with blood cancer, particularly leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Hematological cancer therapy-related cardiotoxicity deals with the most common cardiovascular complications of conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies, bispecific antibodies, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This narrative review focuses on hematological cancer-therapy-related cardiotoxicity's definition, risk stratification, multimodality imaging, and use of cardiac biomarkers to detect clinical and/or subclinical myocardial dysfunction and electrical instability. Moreover, the most common cardiotoxic profiles of the main drugs and/or therapeutic interventions in patients with hematological malignancies are described thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdokia Mandala
- Division of Hematology, Forth Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (K.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Kyranna Lafara
- Division of Hematology, Forth Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (K.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Kokkinovasilis
- Division of Hematology, Forth Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (K.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Ioannis Kalafatis
- Cardiology-Oncology Unit, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, 54639 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Vasiliki Koukoulitsa
- Cardiology-Oncology Unit, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, 54639 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Eirini Katodritou
- Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, 54639 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Christos Lafaras
- Cardiology-Oncology Unit, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, 54639 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.K.); (V.K.)
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Veras BOD, Felix RF, Moura GMDM, Navarro DMDAF, Aguiar JCRDOFD, Wanderley AG, Silva MVD, Correia MTDS. Essential oil of Eugenia stictopetala Mart. ex DC. has antioxidant, antibacterial, and gastrointestinal protective effect. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38635349 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2342556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, antibacterial activity, and intestinal and gastric protective effects, in addition to the acute toxicity of the essential oil of E. stictopetala (EOEs). (E)-caryophyllene (18.01%), β-pinene (8.84%), and (E)-nerolidol (8.24%), were the components found in higher content in the essential oil. The EOEs showed antioxidant capacity with IC50 values ranging from 220.28 to 283.67 μg/mL, in addition to presenting antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes. The essential oil showed a gastroprotective effect, with a reduction in the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, having multiple pharmacological mechanisms of action. An antidiarrheal effect of EOEs was observed in the castor oil-induced diarrheal model, with reduced intestinal motility. Our findings demonstrate that essential oil can be beneficial in pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications for treating gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Biotechnology - RENORBIO, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rianne Ferreira Felix
- Post-graduation in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Almir Gonçalves Wanderley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Zheng Z, Liu H, Liu S, Luo E, Liu X. Mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial reconstruction: a comprehensive review. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1362338. [PMID: 38690295 PMCID: PMC11058977 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1362338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial reconstruction faces many challenges, including high complexity, strong specificity, severe injury, irregular and complex wounds, and high risk of bleeding. Traditionally, the "gold standard" for treating craniofacial bone defects has been tissue transplantation, which involves the transplantation of bone, cartilage, skin, and other tissues from other parts of the body. However, the shape of craniofacial bone and cartilage structures varies greatly and is distinctly different from ordinary long bones. Craniofacial bones originate from the neural crest, while long bones originate from the mesoderm. These factors contribute to the poor effectiveness of tissue transplantation in repairing craniofacial defects. Autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation exhibits excellent pluripotency, low immunogenicity, and minimally invasive properties, and is considered a potential alternative to tissue transplantation for treating craniofacial defects. Researchers have found that both craniofacial-specific mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells from other parts of the body have significant effects on the restoration and reconstruction of craniofacial bones, cartilage, wounds, and adipose tissue. In addition, the continuous development and application of tissue engineering technology provide new ideas for craniofacial repair. With the continuous exploration of mesenchymal stem cells by researchers and the continuous development of tissue engineering technology, the use of autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for craniofacial reconstruction has gradually been accepted and promoted. This article will review the applications of various types of mesenchymal stem cells and related tissue engineering in craniofacial repair and reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ellison V, Berlin KS, Longoria J, Potter B, Raches D, Hankins JS, Takemoto C, Heitzer AM. Empirically derived profiles of neurocognitive functioning in youth and young adults with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr Psychol 2024:jsae029. [PMID: 38623054 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder associated with neurocognitive deficits. In contrast to variable-centered approaches, no known research has utilized person-centered strategies to identify multidimensional patterns of neurocognitive functioning of an individual with SCD. The purpose of the present study was to create empirically derived profiles and identify predictors of neurocognitive functioning subgroups among youth and young adults with SCD. METHODS Individuals with SCD (N = 393, mean age 14.05 years, age range 8-24, 50.4% female/49.6% male) completed neurocognitive assessments. Latent profile analysis derived subgroups/classes of neurocognitive functioning and determined relations with demographic and medical variables. RESULTS Three latent classes emerged: average functioning (n = 102, 27%), low average functioning (n = 225, 60%), and exceptionally low functioning (n = 46, 12%). Older age was associated with membership in the low average and exceptionally low functioning groups (relative to the average group). Being prescribed hydroxyurea was associated with membership in the average functioning group (relative to the low average group) and absence of hydroxyurea use was associated with membership in the exceptionally low group (relative to the low average group). Lower social vulnerability was associated with membership in the average functioning group compared to the low average and exceptionally low groups. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians can help reduce disparities in cognitive development for individuals with SCD by promoting early treatment with hydroxyurea and implementing methods to reduce social vulnerabilities that can interfere with access to evidence-based care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinkrya Ellison
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- The Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kristoffer S Berlin
- The Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jennifer Longoria
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Brian Potter
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Darcy Raches
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jane S Hankins
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Clifford Takemoto
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Andrew M Heitzer
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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Yang S, Yang X, Hou Z, Zhu L, Yao Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Teng J, Fang C, Chen S, Jia M, Liu Z, Kang S, Chen Y, Li G, Niu Y, Cai Q. Rationale for immune checkpoint inhibitors plus targeted therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29215. [PMID: 38623200 PMCID: PMC11016731 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a frequent urological malignancy characterized by a high rate of metastasis and lethality. The treatment strategy for advanced RCC has moved through multiple iterations over the past three decades. Initially, cytokine treatment was the only systemic treatment option for patients with RCC. With the development of medicine, antiangiogenic agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin and immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged and received several achievements in the therapeutics of advanced RCC. However, ICIs have still not brought completely satisfactory results due to drug resistance and undesirable side effects. For the past years, the interests form researchers have been attracted by the combination of ICIs and targeted therapy for advanced RCC and the angiogenesis and immunogenic tumor microenvironmental variations in RCC. Therefore, we emphasize the potential principle and the clinical progress of ICIs combined with targeted treatment of advanced RCC, and summarize the future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianrui Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zekai Hou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhili Yao
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yanzhuo Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Teng
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Taihe County People's Hospital, Anhui, China
| | - Songmao Chen
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
- Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Mingfei Jia
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Shaosan Kang
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Wang M, Li W, Wang H, Song P. Development and validation of machine learning-based models for predicting healthcare-associated bacterial/fungal infections among COVID-19 inpatients: a retrospective cohort study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2024; 13:42. [PMID: 38616284 PMCID: PMC11017584 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-024-01392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 and bacterial/fungal coinfections have posed significant challenges to human health. However, there is a lack of good tools for predicting coinfection risk to aid clinical work. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the risk factors for bacterial/fungal coinfection among COVID-19 patients and to develop machine learning models to estimate the risk of coinfection. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled adult inpatients confirmed with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital between January 1 and July 31, 2023, in China and collected baseline information at admission. All the data were randomly divided into a training set and a testing set at a ratio of 7:3. We developed the generalized linear and random forest models for coinfections in the training set and assessed the performance of the models in the testing set. Decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical applicability. RESULTS A total of 1244 patients were included in the training cohort with 62 healthcare-associated bacterial/fungal infections, while 534 were included in the testing cohort with 22 infections. We found that patients with comorbidities (diabetes, neurological disease) were at greater risk for coinfections than were those without comorbidities (OR = 2.78, 95%CI = 1.61-4.86; OR = 1.93, 95%CI = 1.11-3.35). An indwelling central venous catheter or urinary catheter was also associated with an increased risk (OR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.39-4.64; OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.24-4.27) of coinfections. Patients with PCT > 0.5 ng/ml were 2.03 times (95%CI = 1.41-3.82) more likely to be infected. Interestingly, the risk of coinfection was also greater in patients with an IL-6 concentration < 10 pg/ml (OR = 1.69, 95%CI = 0.97-2.94). Patients with low baseline creatinine levels had a decreased risk of bacterial/fungal coinfections(OR = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.22-0.71). The generalized linear and random forest models demonstrated favorable receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.80-0.94; ROC = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.82-0.93) with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.86vs0.75, 0.82vs0.86, 0.87vs0.74, respectively. The corresponding calibration evaluation P statistics were 0.883 and 0.769. CONCLUSIONS Our machine learning models achieved strong predictive ability and may be effective clinical decision-support tools for identifying COVID-19 patients at risk for bacterial/fungal coinfection and guiding antibiotic administration. The levels of cytokines, such as IL-6, may affect the status of bacterial/fungal coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Infection Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Medical Big Data, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Infection Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Peixin Song
- Department of Infection Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China.
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Vaitiekiene A, Kulboke M, Bieseviciene M, Jankauskas A, Bartnykaite A, Rinkuniene D, Strazdiene I, Lidziute E, Jankauskaite D, Gaidamavicius I, Bucius P, Lapinskas T, Gerbutavicius R, Juozaityte E, Vaskelyte JJ, Vaitiekus D, Sakalyte G. T1 Mapping in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance-A Marker of Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J Pers Med 2024; 14:412. [PMID: 38673039 PMCID: PMC11051481 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. In our study, we aimed to find subclinical changes in myocardial tissue after HSCT with the help of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) tissue imaging techniques. Methods: The data of 44 patients undergoing autologous and allogeneic HSCT in the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics from October 2021 to February 2023 were analyzed. Bioethics approval for the prospective study was obtained (No BE-2-96). CMR was performed two times: before enrolling for the HSCT procedure (before starting mobilization chemotherapy for autologous HSCT and before starting the conditioning regimen for allogeneic HSCT) and 12 ± 1 months after HSCT. LV end-diastolic volume, LV end-systolic volume, LV mass and values indexed to body surface area (BSA), and LV ejection fraction were calculated. T1 and T2 mapping values were measured. Results: There was a statistically significant change in T1 mapping values. Before HSCT, mean T1 mapping was 1226.13 ± 39.74 ms, and after HSCT, it was 1248.70 ± 41.07 ms (p = 0.01). The other parameters did not differ significantly. Conclusions: Increases in T1 mapping values following HSCT can show the progress of diffuse myocardial fibrosis and may reflect subclinical injury. T2 mapping values remain the same and do not show edema and active inflammation processes at 12 months after HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrone Vaitiekiene
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Migle Kulboke
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Monika Bieseviciene
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Antanas Jankauskas
- Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Agne Bartnykaite
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Diana Rinkuniene
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Igne Strazdiene
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Emilija Lidziute
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Darija Jankauskaite
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ignas Gaidamavicius
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulius Bucius
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Lapinskas
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rolandas Gerbutavicius
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Elona Juozaityte
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jolanta Justina Vaskelyte
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Domas Vaitiekus
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintare Sakalyte
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Yang J, Jiang B, Qiu Z, Meng Y, Zhang X, Yu S, Dai F, Qian Y. Prediction of rhinitis with class imbalance based on heterogeneous ensemble learning. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38602489 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2339461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Common clinical rhinitis is characterized by different types of cases and class imbalance. Its prediction belongs to multiple output classification. Low recognition rate and poor generalization performance often occur for minority class. Therefore, we propose a novel integrated classification model, ARF-OOBEE, which transforms the multi-output classification to multi-label classification and multi-class classification. The multi-label classifier automatically adjusts the number and depth of integrated forest learners according to the imbalance ratio of single class label in a subset. It can effectively reduce the impact of class imbalance on classification and improve prediction performance of both majority or minority class concurrently. Also, we build a multi-class classification based on out-of-bag Extra-Tree to accomplish finer classification for the predicted labels. In addition, we calculate the feature importance for rhinitis on the grounds of the purity of nodes in decision-making tree inside Random Forest and study the correlation between rhinitis features. We conduct 12 folds cross-validation experiments on 461 cases of clinical rhinitis. The outcomes show that the evaluation indicators of ARF-OOBEE, such as Sensitivity, Specificity, Accuracy, F1-Score, AUC, and G-Mean are 74.9%,86.5%,92.0%,78.3%,95.3%, and 79.9%, respectively. In comparison to the other methods, ARF-OOBEE has better evaluation indicator and is more effective for the early clinical diagnosis of rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdong Yang
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Jiang
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehao Qiu
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Meng
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoqing Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Dai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Antin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Antin Hospital, Shanghai, China
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131
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Chen X, Li J, Liao R, Shi X, Xing Y, Xu X, Xiao H, Xiao D. Bibliometric analysis and visualization of quorum sensing research over the last two decade. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1366760. [PMID: 38646636 PMCID: PMC11026600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1366760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Quorum sensing (QS) research stands as a pivotal and multifaceted domain within microbiology, holding profound implications across various scientific disciplines. This bibliometric analysis seeks to offer an extensive overview of QS research, covering the period from 2004 to 2023. It aims to elucidate the hotspots, trends, and the evolving dynamics within this research domain. Methods We conducted an exhaustive review of the literature, employing meticulous data curation from the Science Citation Index Extension (SCI-E) within the Web of Science (WOS) database. Subsequently, our survey delves into evolving publication trends, the constellation of influential authors and institutions, key journals shaping the discourse, global collaborative networks, and thematic hotspots that define the QS research field. Results The findings demonstrate a consistent and growing interest in QS research throughout the years, encompassing a substantial dataset of 4,849 analyzed articles. Journals such as Frontiers in Microbiology have emerged as significant contributor to the QS literature, highlighting the increasing recognition of QS's importance across various research fields. Influential research in the realm of QS often centers on microbial communication, biofilm formation, and the development of QS inhibitors. Notably, leading countries engaged in QS research include the United States, China, and India. Moreover, the analysis identifies research focal points spanning diverse domains, including pharmacological properties, genetics and metabolic pathways, as well as physiological and signal transduction mechanisms, reaffirming the multidisciplinary character of QS research. Conclusion This bibliometric exploration provides a panoramic overview of the current state of QS research. The data portrays a consistent trend of expansion and advancement within this domain, signaling numerous prospects for forthcoming research and development. Scholars and stakeholders engaged in the QS field can harness these findings to navigate the evolving terrain with precision and speed, thereby enhancing our comprehension and utilization of QS in various scientific and clinical domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghan Chen
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruohan Liao
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiujun Shi
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongqin Xiao
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Perez-Moreno E, Oyanadel C, de la Peña A, Hernández R, Pérez-Molina F, Metz C, González A, Soza A. Galectins in epithelial-mesenchymal transition: roles and mechanisms contributing to tissue repair, fibrosis and cancer metastasis. Biol Res 2024; 57:14. [PMID: 38570874 PMCID: PMC10993482 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Galectins are soluble glycan-binding proteins that interact with a wide range of glycoproteins and glycolipids and modulate a broad spectrum of physiological and pathological processes. The expression and subcellular localization of different galectins vary among tissues and cell types and change during processes of tissue repair, fibrosis and cancer where epithelial cells loss differentiation while acquiring migratory mesenchymal phenotypes. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that occurs in the context of these processes can include modifications of glycosylation patterns of glycolipids and glycoproteins affecting their interactions with galectins. Moreover, overexpression of certain galectins has been involved in the development and different outcomes of EMT. This review focuses on the roles and mechanisms of Galectin-1 (Gal-1), Gal-3, Gal-4, Gal-7 and Gal-8, which have been involved in physiologic and pathogenic EMT contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Perez-Moreno
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Oyanadel
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adely de la Peña
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronny Hernández
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Pérez-Molina
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Metz
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso González
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Andrea Soza
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile.
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133
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Pei W, Fu L, Guo W, Wang Y, Fan Y, Yang R, Li R, Qiao J, Yu Y. Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ovarian ageing in a mouse model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:96. [PMID: 38570892 PMCID: PMC10988907 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian ageing is one of the major issues that impacts female fertility. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has made impressive progress in recent years. However, the efficacy and safety of MSCs, as nonautologous components, remain to be further verified. METHODS Two common sources of MSCs, umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs), were orthotopically transplanted into a mouse model of ovarian ageing to evaluate their therapeutic effects. The safety of the treatment was further evaluated, and RNA sequencing was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms involved. RESULTS After orthotopic transplantation of MSCs into the ovary, the oestrous cycle, ovarian weight, number and proportion of primary follicles, granulosa cell proliferation, and angiogenesis were improved. The effects of AD-MSCs were superior to those of UC-MSCs in several indices, such as post-transplant granulosa cell proliferation, ovarian weight and angiogenesis. Moreover, the tumorigenesis, acute toxicity, immunogenicity and biodistribution of MSCs were evaluated, and both AD-MSCs and UC-MSCs were found to possess high safety profiles. Through RNA sequencing analysis, enhancement of the MAPK cascade was observed, and long-term effects were mainly linked to the activation of immune function. CONCLUSIONS Orthotopic transplantation of MSCs displays significant efficacy and high safety for the treatment of ovarian ageing in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Pei
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenhuan Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Gschwind R, Petitjean M, Fournier C, Lao J, Clermont O, Nordmann P, Mellmann A, Denamur E, Poirel L, Ruppé E. Inter-phylum circulation of a beta-lactamase-encoding gene: a rare but observable event. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0145923. [PMID: 38441061 PMCID: PMC10989005 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01459-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Beta-lactamase-mediated degradation of beta-lactams is the most common mechanism of beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. Beta-lactamase-encoding genes can be transferred between closely related bacteria, but spontaneous inter-phylum transfers (between distantly related bacteria) have never been reported. Here, we describe an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-encoding gene (blaMUN-1) shared between the Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota phyla. An Escherichia coli strain was isolated from a patient in Münster (Germany). Its genome was sequenced. The ESBL-encoding gene (named blaMUN-1) was cloned, and the corresponding enzyme was characterized. The distribution of the gene among bacteria was investigated using the RefSeq Genomes database. The frequency and relative abundance of its closest homolog in the global microbial gene catalog (GMGC) were analyzed. The E. coli strain exhibited two distinct morphotypes. Each morphotype possessed two chromosomal copies of the blaMUN-1 gene, with one morphotype having two additional copies located on a phage-plasmid p0111. Each copy was located within a 7.6-kb genomic island associated with mobility. blaMUN-1 encoded for an extended-spectrum Ambler subclass A2 beta-lactamase with 43.0% amino acid identity to TLA-1. blaMUN-1 was found in species among the Bacteroidales order and in Sutterella wadsworthensis (Pseudomonadota). Its closest homolog in GMGC was detected frequently in human fecal samples. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported instance of inter-phylum transfer of an ESBL-encoding gene, between the Bacteroidota and Pseudomonadota phyla. Although the gene was frequently detected in the human gut, inter-phylum transfer was rare, indicating that inter-phylum barriers are effective in impeding the spread of ESBL-encoding genes, but not entirely impenetrable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Gschwind
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, IAME, Paris, France
| | - Marie Petitjean
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, IAME, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Paris, France
| | - Claudine Fournier
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
- INSERM European Unit (IAME, France), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Julie Lao
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, IAME, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Clermont
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, IAME, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
- INSERM European Unit (IAME, France), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Erick Denamur
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, IAME, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
- INSERM European Unit (IAME, France), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Ruppé
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, IAME, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Paris, France
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135
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Liu X, Gao J, Liu J, Zhang L, Li M. Inhibiting the "isolated island" effect in simulated bone defect repair using a hollow structural scaffold design. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1362913. [PMID: 38633663 PMCID: PMC11022659 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1362913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bone tissue defects remains a complicated clinical challenge. Recently, the bone tissue engineering (BTE) technology has become an important therapeutic approach for bone defect repair. Researchers have improved the scaffolds, cells, and bioactive factors used in BTE through various existing bone repair material preparation strategies. However, due to insufficient vascularization, inadequate degradation, and fibrous wrapping, most BTE scaffolds impede new bone ingrowth and the reconstruction of grid-like connections in the middle and late stages of bone repair. These non-degradable scaffolds become isolated and disordered like independent "isolated islands", which leads to the failure of osteogenesis. Consequently, we hypothesized that the "island effect" prevents successful bone repair. Accordingly, we proposed a new concept of scaffold modification-osteogenesis requires a bone temporary shelter (also referred to as the empty shell osteogenesis concept). Based on this concept, we consider that designing hollow structural scaffolds is the key to mitigating the "isolated island" effect and enabling optimal bone regeneration and reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jianpeng Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jianheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
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lv M, Xu Q, Ye X, Yu Q, Wang B, Wang Y. Pretreatment Absolute Immature Platelet Count is a Promising Predictor of Response to Short-Term Dexamethasone Monotherapy or Combination Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Adult Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2024; 40:289-296. [PMID: 38708160 PMCID: PMC11065814 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-023-01702-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Reliable indicators that can predict drug responsiveness in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients are urgent. We aimed to establish a reference interval of percentage of immature platelet fraction (IPF%) and absolute immature platelet count (A-IPC), and assess their efficacy in discriminating ITP patients from controls, especially their predictive value for responsiveness to drug treatment. We retrospectively studied 72 treatment-naive adult patients with ITP who received Dexamethasone monotherapy or combination therapy. Baseline (pretreatment) information was collected from medical records. Reference intervals for A-IPC and IPF% were established based on controls and their effectiveness in discriminating ITP patients from controls was assessed. Predictive value of pretreatment IPF% and A-IPC at four co-primary endpoints of treatment response in patients were investigated. The 95% reference intervals for A-IPC and IPF% were (2.7-15.6) × 109/L and 1.2%-7.3%, respectively. Both A-IPC and IPF% had excellent discrimination ability for ITP patients from controls. It showed highly statistically significant differences in pretreatment A-IPC for predicting treatment response at day 7 between responders and non-responders, but not at days 14, 21 and 28. Pretreatment A-IPC had the higher area under the ROC curve with a cut-off of 0.86 than that of IPF% with a cut-off of 14.5% in predicting the treatment response in ITP patients at day 7. Pretreatment A-IPC exhibited acceptable predictive power and could be a promising predictor of response to short-term Dexamethasone monotherapy or combination therapy at day 7 in ITP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengen lv
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianfei Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bibin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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McLornan DP, Czerw T, Damaj G, Ethell M, Gurnari C, Hernández-Boluda JC, Polverelli N, Schwaab J, Sockel K, Raffaella G, Onida F, Sánchez-Ortega I, Battipaglia G, Elena C, Gotlib J, Reiter A, Rossignol J, Ustun C, Valent P, Yakoub-Agha I, Radia DH. Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation for advanced systemic mastocytosis: Best practice recommendations on behalf of the EBMT Practice Harmonisation and Guidelines Committee. Leukemia 2024; 38:699-711. [PMID: 38472477 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Systemic Mastocytosis (SM) is a multifaceted clinically heterogeneous disease. Advanced SM (AdvSM) comprises three entities: aggressive SM (ASM), mast cell leukaemia (MCL) and SM with an associated hematologic neoplasm (SM-AHN), the latter accounting for 60-70% of all AdvSM cases. Detection of a disease-triggering mutation in the KIT gene (esp. KIT D816V) in >90% of the patients with ASM or SM-AHN has led to a significant improvement in therapeutic options by the implementation of two KIT-targeting kinase inhibitors: midostaurin and avapritinib. Although complete remissions have been reported, neither of these targeted agents is 'curative' in all patients and the duration of responses varies. The median overall survival, depending on the WHO subtype and scoring result, is approximately 1 to 4 years. Although the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis (ECNM) and American Initiative in Mast Cell Diseases (AIM) consensus groups recommend allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in drug-resistant and other high-risk patients, there is a relative lack of information to guide clinicians on which patients with AdvSM should be considered for transplant, and how KIT inhibitors may fit into the transplant algorithm, including their use pre- and post-transplant to optimise outcomes. Following the generation of an expert panel with a specialist interest in allo-HCT and mastocytosis, these best practice recommendations were generated according to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Practice Harmonisation and guidelines and ECNM methodology. We aim to provide a practical, clinically relevant and up-to-date framework to guide allo-HCT in AdvsM in 2024 and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donal P McLornan
- Chair of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT. Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University College Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Tomasz Czerw
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Gandhi Damaj
- Haematology Institute, Normandy University School of Medicine, Caen, France
| | - Mark Ethell
- Department of Haematology, The Royal Marsden NHS Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | - Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Nicola Polverelli
- Unit of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Division of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Juliana Schwaab
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katja Sockel
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Greco Raffaella
- Co-Chair of the Practice Harmonization and Guidelines Committee of EBMT and Chair of the ADWP of the EBMT. Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Onida
- Co-Chair of the Practice Harmonization and Guidelines Committee of the EBMT. ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco-University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Isabel Sánchez-Ortega
- Secretary of the Practice Harmonization and Guidelines Committee of EBMT, EBMT Medical Officer, Executive Office, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Chiara Elena
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Division of Hematology, Stanford Cancer Institute/Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Reiter
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julien Rossignol
- Center National de Référence des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Service d'hématologie adulte, Hôpitaux Necker-Enfants Malades et Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Celalettin Ustun
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Cell Therapy, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Director of the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Coordinator of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis (ECNM), Vienna, Austria
| | - Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha
- Chair of the EBMT Practice Harmonization and Guidelines Committee. CHU de Lille, Univ Lille, INSERM U1286, Infinite, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Deepti H Radia
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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138
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Anasiz Y, Ozgul RK, Uckan-Cetinkaya D. Turning Trash Into Treasure: A Simple Protocol for Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Isolation From Used Bone Marrow Collection Kits. Curr Protoc 2024; 4:e1032. [PMID: 38606955 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been extensively investigated in both preclinical and clinical settings. Recent years have witnessed the emergence of numerous isolation protocols and culture techniques, ranging from the selection of subpopulations to preserve stemness to preconditioning strategies aimed at enhancing therapeutic efficacy, tailored to the specific tissue source. In this protocol, we present a straightforward and cost-effective method for isolating human MSCs (hMSCs) from discarded bone marrow collection kits (comprising bag and filter systems) originally intended for removing impurities and unwanted cellular debris from the collected bone marrow aspirate, ensuring the purity of the stem cell population during stem cell transplantation. Utilizing basic laboratory equipment, we demonstrate the isolation of hMSCs, highlighting the expression of specific surface antigens, and multilineage differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages in vitro. This sustainable and resource-efficient approach not only contributes to reducing medical waste but also holds promise for advancing regenerative medicine applications. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of human mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow collection kits Basic Protocol 2: Culture of human mesenchymal stromal cells Basic Protocol 3: Characterization of human mesenchymal stromal cells with flow cytometry analysis Basic Protocol 4: Characterization of human mesenchymal stromal cells with multilineage differentiation under in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagiz Anasiz
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Current affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Riza Koksal Ozgul
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Uckan-Cetinkaya
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Hematology Unit, Department of Child Health and Diseases, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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139
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Vargas GM, Shafique N, Xu X, Karakousis G. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as a prognostic and predictive factor for Melanoma. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:299-310. [PMID: 38314660 PMCID: PMC11134288 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2312102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been investigated as prognostic factors in melanoma. Recent advancements in assessing the tumor microenvironment in the setting of more widespread use of immune checkpoint blockade have reignited interest in identifying predictive biomarkers. This review examines the function and significance of TILs in cutaneous melanoma, evaluating their potential as prognostic and predictive markers. AREAS COVERED A literature search was conducted on papers covering tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in cutaneous melanoma available online in PubMed and Web of Science from inception to 1 December 2023, supplemented by citation searching. This article encompasses the assessment of TILs, the role of TILs in the immune microenvironment, TILs as a prognostic factor, TILs as a predictive factor for immunotherapy response, and clinical applications of TILs in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma. EXPERT OPINION Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes play a heterogeneous role in cutaneous melanoma. While they have historically been associated with improved survival, their status as independent prognostic or predictive factors remains uncertain. Novel methods of TIL assessment, such as determination of TIL subtypes and molecular signaling, demonstrate potential for predicting therapeutic response. Further, while their clinical utility in risk-stratification in melanoma treatment shows promise, a lack of consensus data hinders standardized application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neha Shafique
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giorgos Karakousis
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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140
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Schultz BG, Kotton CN, Jutlla G, Ressa R, de Lacey T, Chowdhury E, Bo T, Fenu E, Gelone DK, Poirrier JE, Amorosi SL. Cost-effectiveness of maribavir versus conventional antiviral therapies for post-transplant refractory cytomegalovirus infection with or without genotypic resistance: A US perspective. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29609. [PMID: 38647051 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of maribavir versus investigator-assigned therapy (IAT; valganciclovir/ganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir) for post-transplant refractory cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection with or without resistance. A two-stage Markov model was designed using data from the SOLSTICE trial (NCT02931539), real-world multinational observational studies, and published literature. Stage 1 (0-78 weeks) comprised clinically significant CMV (csCMV), non-clinically significant CMV (n-csCMV), and dead states; stage 2 (78 weeks-lifetime) comprised alive and dead states. Total costs (2022 USD) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated for the maribavir and IAT cohorts. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated to determine cost-effectiveness against a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000/QALY. Compared with IAT, maribavir had lower costs ($139 751 vs $147 949) and greater QALYs (6.04 vs 5.83), making it cost-saving and more cost-effective. Maribavir had higher acquisition costs compared with IAT ($80 531 vs $65 285), but lower costs associated with administration/monitoring ($16 493 vs $27 563), adverse events (AEs) ($11 055 vs $16 114), hospitalization ($27 157 vs $33 905), and graft loss ($4516 vs $5081), thus making treatment with maribavir cost-saving. Maribavir-treated patients spent more time without CMV compared with IAT-treated patients (0.85 years vs 0.68 years), leading to lower retreatment costs for maribavir (cost savings: -$42 970.80). Compared with IAT, maribavir was more cost-effective for transplant recipients with refractory CMV, owing to better clinical efficacy and avoidance of high costs associated with administration, monitoring, AEs, and hospitalizations. These results can inform healthcare decision-makers on the most effective use of their resources for post-transplant refractory CMV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob G Schultz
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Camille N Kotton
- Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ginita Jutlla
- Parexel, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Modeling, London, UK
| | - Riccardo Ressa
- Parexel, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Modeling, London, UK
| | - Tam de Lacey
- Parexel, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Modeling, London, UK
| | - Emtiyaz Chowdhury
- Parexel, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Modeling, London, UK
| | - Tien Bo
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Daniele K Gelone
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Stacey L Amorosi
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
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141
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Sanchez‐Pupo RE, Finch GA, Johnston DE, Craig H, Abdo R, Barr K, Kerfoot S, Dagnino L, Penuela S. Global pannexin 1 deletion increases tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the BRAF/Pten mouse melanoma model. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:969-987. [PMID: 38327091 PMCID: PMC10994229 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies for malignant melanoma seek to boost the anti-tumoral response of CD8+ T cells, but have a limited patient response rate, in part due to limited tumoral immune cell infiltration. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the pannexin 1 (PANX1) channel-forming protein is known to decrease melanoma cell tumorigenic properties in vitro and ex vivo. Here, we crossed Panx1 knockout (Panx1-/-) mice with the inducible melanoma model BrafCA, PtenloxP, Tyr::CreERT2 (BPC). We found that deleting the Panx1 gene in mice does not reduce BRAF(V600E)/Pten-driven primary tumor formation or improve survival. However, tumors in BPC-Panx1-/- mice exhibited a significant increase in the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes, with no changes in the expression of early T-cell activation marker CD69, lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3) checkpoint receptor, or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in tumors when compared to the BPC-Panx1+/+ genotype. Our results suggest that, although Panx1 deletion does not overturn the aggressive BRAF/Pten-driven melanoma progression in vivo, it does increase the infiltration of effector immune T-cell populations in the tumor microenvironment. We propose that PANX1-targeted therapy could be explored as a strategy to increase tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to boost anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Garth A. Finch
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyWestern UniversityLondonCanada
| | | | - Heather Craig
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyWestern UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Rober Abdo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyWestern UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Kevin Barr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyWestern UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Steven Kerfoot
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyWestern UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Lina Dagnino
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyWestern UniversityLondonCanada
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryWestern UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyWestern UniversityLondonCanada
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryWestern UniversityLondonCanada
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Costa BA, Ortiz RJ, Lesokhin AM, Richter J. Soluble B-cell maturation antigen in multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol 2024; 99:727-738. [PMID: 38270277 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic target in multiple myeloma (MM) management, with the successive approval of antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies directed to this membrane receptor. Soluble BCMA (sBCMA), a truncated version produced through gamma-secretase cleavage, can be quantified in serum/plasma samples from patients with MM via electrochemiluminescence, fluorescence, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, as well as through mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Besides its short serum half-life and independence from kidney function, sBCMA represents a reliable and convenient tool for MM monitoring in patients with nonsecretory or oligosecretory disease. Numerous studies have suggested a potential utility of this bioanalyte in the risk stratification of premalignant plasma cell disorders, diagnosis and prognostication of MM, and response evaluation following anti-myeloma therapies. In short, sBCMA might be the "Swiss army knife" of MM laboratory testing, but is it ready for prime time?
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Almeida Costa
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cellular Therapy Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ricardo J Ortiz
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander M Lesokhin
- Department of Medicine, Cellular Therapy Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Myeloma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Richter
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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143
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Davenport A. Does native vitamin D, or active vitamin D modulate the neutralising antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination in haemodialysis patients? Int J Artif Organs 2024; 47:251-259. [PMID: 38561893 DOI: 10.1177/03913988241241204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have reported that patients with low levels of Vitamin D3 have impaired responses to vaccination, including COVID-19 vaccines, so we reviewed the response to COVID-19 vaccination in haemodialysis patients, who typically have reduced Vitamin D3 levels. METHODS The inhibitory antibody (IC50) responses to several COVID-19 variants following vaccination in a cohort of United Kingdom haemodialysis patients receiving two vaccinations between March 2021 and May 2021 were reviewed. RESULTS A total of 183 haemodialysis patients, 65.5% male, mean age 65.6 ± 14.1 years, 46.4% diabetic, 42.1% white ethnicity, body mass index 26.9 ± 6.5 kg/m2 dialysis vintage 36.2 (18.3-69.3) months were studied. Following the first vaccination, the median IgG microneutralisation IC50 response was undetectable for all variants (wild-type, alpha, beta and delta). Follow-up after the second vaccination showed that the microneutralisation response to all variants increased and was greater for the wild-type variant compared to alpha, beta and delta, all p < 0.001, There were no differences comparing the IC50 responses according to 25-Vitamin D3 levels, and the prescription of activated Vitamin D. Although patients who had previously tested positive for COVID-19 prescribed higher doses of alfacalcidol had higher seroprotection responses to the alpha (χ2 = 15, p = 0.002) and beta variants. (χ2 = 13, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The response to COVID-19 vaccination was reduced in our elderly haemodialysis patients compared to younger less frail patients, however there was no overall demonstrable effect of either 25-Vitamin D3 levels or the prescription of activated forms of Vitamin D on the immune response following vaccination against COVID-19, unless patients had previously tested positive for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Davenport
- UCL Centre for Kidney & Bladder Health, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
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144
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Wang T, Wu Z, Bi Y, Wang Y, Zhao C, Sun H, Wu Z, Tan Z, Zhang H, Wei H, Yan W. PARVB promotes malignant melanoma progression and is enhanced by hypoxic conditions. Transl Oncol 2024; 42:101861. [PMID: 38301409 PMCID: PMC10847701 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Beta-Parvin (PARVB) is an actin-binding protein with functionality in extracellular matrix binding. Recent studies suggest its potential as a biomarker for various cancers, given its role in governing several malignancies. Yet, its involvement and modulatory mechanisms in malignant melanoma remain under-explored. In this research, we undertook a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis centered on PARVB. We probed its aberrant expression and prognostic implications, and assessed correlations between PARVB expression and immunocyte infiltration. This expression was subsequently corroborated using clinical samples. Both in vitro and in vivo, we discerned the functional ramifications of PARVB on melanoma. Furthermore, we scrutinized how HIF-1α/2α modulates PARVB and initiated a preliminary investigation into potential downstream pathways influenced by PARVB. Our results illuminate that elevated PARVB expression manifests across various tumors and significantly influences the prognosis of multiple cancers, emphasizing its peculiar expression and prognostic relevance in melanoma. Augmented PARVB levels were inversely proportional to immunocyte penetration in melanoma. Silencing PARVB curtailed cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and decelerated tumor expansion in vivo. Notably, hypoxic conditions, triggering HIF-1α/2α activation, appear to elevate PARVB expression by anchoring to the hypoxia-specific responsive element within the PARVB promoter. Enhanced PARVB levels seem intertwined with the activation of cellular proliferation circuits and the damping of inflammatory trajectories. Collectively, these revelations posit PARVB as a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic linchpin for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yifeng Bi
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Chenglong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; Department of Orthopedics, Naval Medical Center of CPLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Haifeng Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
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An L, Chang G, Zhang L, Wang P, Gao W, Li X. Pectin: Health-promoting properties as a natural galectin-3 inhibitor. Glycoconj J 2024; 41:93-118. [PMID: 38630380 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-024-10152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Galectin-3 has a variety of important pathophysiological significance in the human body. Much evidence shows that the abnormal expression of galectin-3 is related to the formation and development of many diseases. Pectin is mostly obtained from processed citrus fruits and apples and is a known natural inhibitor of galactin-3. A large number of peels produced each year are discarded, and it is necessary to recycle some of the economically valuable active compounds in these by-products to reduce resource waste and environmental pollution. By binding with galectin-3, pectin can directly reduce the expression level of galectin-3 on the one hand, and regulate the expression level of cytokines by regulating certain signaling pathways on the other hand, to achieve the effect of treating diseases. This paper begins by presenting an overview of the basic structure of pectin, subsequently followed by a description of the structure of galectin-3 and its detrimental impact on human health when expressed abnormally. The health effects of pectin as a galectin-3 inhibitor were then summarized from the perspectives of anticancer, anti-inflammatory, ameliorating fibrotic diseases, and anti-diabetes. Finally, the challenges and prospects of future research on pectin are presented, which provide important references for expanding the application of pectin in the pharmaceutical industry or developing functional dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhuo An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Guanglu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises, Tianjin, 300402, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Pengwang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Meng H, Wang Y, Zhai Y, Luo W, Wang Y, Hu Y, Liu S, Xiao W, Yang G, Ye F, Chen S, Jie Y, Chen YQ. Unveiling the micronutrient-immunity puzzle in inactivated COVID-19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of circulating micronutrient levels and humoral responses in healthy adults. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29611. [PMID: 38639305 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
While micronutrients are crucial for immune function, their impact on humoral responses to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination remains unclear. We investigated the associations between seven key micronutrients and antibody responses in 44 healthy adults with two doses of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Blood samples were collected pre-vaccination and 28 days post-booster. We measured circulating minerals (iron, zinc, copper, and selenium) and vitamins (A, D, and E) concentrations alongside antibody responses and assessed their associations using linear regression analyses. Our analysis revealed inverse associations between blood iron and zinc concentrations and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody binding affinity (AUC for iron: β = -258.21, p < 0.0001; zinc: β = -17.25, p = 0.0004). Notably, antibody quality presented complex relationships. Blood selenium was positively associated (β = 18.61, p = 0.0030), while copper/selenium ratio was inversely associated (β = -1.36, p = 0.0055) with the neutralizing ability against SARS-CoV-2 virus at a 1:10 plasma dilution. There was no significant association between circulating micronutrient concentrations and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG binding affinity. These findings suggest that circulating iron, zinc, and selenium concentrations and copper/selenium ratio, may serve as potential biomarkers for both quantity (binding affinity) and quality (neutralization) of humoral responses after inactivated COVID-19 vaccination. Furthermore, they hint at the potential of pre-vaccination dietary interventions, such as selenium supplementation, to improve vaccine efficacy. However, larger, diverse studies are needed to validate these findings. This research advances the understanding of the impact of micronutrients on vaccine response, offering the potential for personalized vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicui Meng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanmei Zhai
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanyu Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunqi Hu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sizhe Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weimin Xiao
- Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guowu Yang
- Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Ye
- The 74(th) Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifeng Chen
- The 74(th) Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Jie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao-Qing Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
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147
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Lakkimsetti M, Devella SG, Patel KB, Dhandibhotla S, Kaur J, Mathew M, Kataria J, Nallani M, Farwa UE, Patel T, Egbujo UC, Meenashi Sundaram D, Kenawy S, Roy M, Khan SF. Optimizing the Clinical Direction of Artificial Intelligence With Health Policy: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Cureus 2024; 16:e58400. [PMID: 38756258 PMCID: PMC11098056 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has the ability to completely transform the healthcare industry by enhancing diagnosis, treatment, and resource allocation. To ensure patient safety and equitable access to healthcare, it also presents ethical and practical issues that need to be carefully addressed. Its integration into healthcare is a crucial topic. To realize its full potential, however, the ethical issues around data privacy, prejudice, and transparency, as well as the practical difficulties posed by workforce adaptability and statutory frameworks, must be addressed. While there is growing knowledge about the advantages of AI in healthcare, there is a significant lack of knowledge about the moral and practical issues that come with its application, particularly in the setting of emergency and critical care. The majority of current research tends to concentrate on the benefits of AI, but thorough studies that investigate the potential disadvantages and ethical issues are scarce. The purpose of our article is to identify and examine the ethical and practical difficulties that arise when implementing AI in emergency medicine and critical care, to provide solutions to these issues, and to give suggestions to healthcare professionals and policymakers. In order to responsibly and successfully integrate AI in these important healthcare domains, policymakers and healthcare professionals must collaborate to create strong regulatory frameworks, safeguard data privacy, remove prejudice, and give healthcare workers the necessary training.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swati G Devella
- Medicine, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, IND
| | - Keval B Patel
- Surgery, Narendra Modi Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | | | | | - Midhun Mathew
- Internal Medicine, Trinitas Regional Medical Center, Elizabeth, USA
| | | | - Manisha Nallani
- Medicine, Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Umm E Farwa
- Emergency Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Tirath Patel
- Medicine, American University of Antigua, Saint John's, ATG
| | | | - Dakshin Meenashi Sundaram
- Internal Medicine, Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Medical College & Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research (PGIMSR), Chennai, IND
| | | | - Mehak Roy
- Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Science and Research, Delhi, IND
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148
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Kalomeris TA, Grossman ME, Tepler J, Magro CM. TEMPI syndrome: A clinical, light-microscopic and phenotypic evaluation with review of the literature. J Cutan Pathol 2024; 51:299-305. [PMID: 38102936 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES TEMPI (telangiectasias, elevated erythropoietin and erythrocytosis, monoclonal gammopathy, perinephric fluid collections, and intrapulmonaryshunting) syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease classified as a monoclonal gammopathy of cutaneous significance. The pathogenesis and etiology of TEMPIare not well known because of the rarity of this disorder. Although telangiectasias are the hallmark of this syndrome, skin biopsies are rarely performed. We aim to further characterize TEMPI syndrome through the evaluationof a skin biopsy. METHODS We reviewed the histopathology and immunophenotypic profile of a skin biopsy from a 53-year-oldwoman diagnosed with TEMPI syndrome. Other components of her syndromic complex included an IgA myeloma, elevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and erythrocytosis. RESULTS A biopsy showed prominent vascular ectasia with some degree of microvascular basement membranezone thickening. Our patient had a reduction in neoplastic plasma cell burdenand clearing of her telangiectasias following myeloma directed treatment. CONCLUSIONS TEMPI can beviewed as a reactive vascular paraneoplastic syndrome in the setting of a plasma cell dyscrasia. Elaboration of VEGF from neoplastic plasma cells is likely pathogenetically implicated and appears to be a common link that explains other vascular lesions associated with monoclonal gammopathy syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A Kalomeris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marc E Grossman
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey Tepler
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cynthia M Magro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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149
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Masucci L, Tian F, Tully S, Feng Z, McFarlane T, Chan KKW, Wong WWL. CAR T-cell Therapy for Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma in Canada: A Cost-Utility Analysis. Med Decis Making 2024; 44:296-306. [PMID: 38486447 PMCID: PMC10988988 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x241234070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a novel cell therapy for treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The development of CAR T-cell therapy has transformed oncology treatment by offering a potential cure. However, due to the high cost of these therapies, and the large number of eligible patients, decision makers are faced with difficult funding decisions. Our objective was to assess the cost-effectiveness of tisagenlecleucel for adults with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Canada using updated survival data from the recent JULIET trial. METHODS We developed an individual-simulated discrete event simulation model to assess the costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) of tisagenlecleucel compared with salvage chemotherapy. Survival estimates were obtained from a published clinical trial and retrospective analysis. If patients remained progression free for 5 y, they were assumed to be in long-term remission. Costing and utility data were obtained from reports and published sources. A Canadian health care payer perspective was used, and outcomes were modeled over a lifetime horizon. Costs and outcomes were discounted at 1.5% annually, with costs reported in 2021 Canadian dollars. A probabilistic analysis was used, and model parameters were varied in 1-way sensitivity analyses and scenario analyses. RESULTS After we incorporated the latest clinical evidence, tisagenlecleucel led to an additional cost of $503,417 and additional effectiveness of 2.48 QALYs, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $202,991 compared with salvage chemotherapy. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000/QALY, tisagenlecleucel had a 0% likelihood of being cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS At the current drug price, tisagenlecleucel was not found to be a cost-effective option. These results heavily depend on assumptions regarding long-term survival and the price of CAR T. Real-world evidence is needed to reduce uncertainty. HIGHLIGHTS For patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who failed 2 or more lines of systemic therapy, CAR T was not found to be a cost-effective treatment option at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000.These results heavily depend on the expected long-term survival. The uncertainty in the model may be improved using real-world evidence reported in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Masucci
- Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative, Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada
| | - Feng Tian
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Tully
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Zeny Feng
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Tom McFarlane
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Kelvin K. W. Chan
- Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - William W. L. Wong
- Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative, Toronto General Hospital, ON, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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150
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Goyal PK, Sinha S, Saraf P. Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Biomarkers in Culture-Positive and Culture-Negative Sepsis Patients. Cureus 2024; 16:e58682. [PMID: 38774176 PMCID: PMC11107478 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sepsis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and culture-negative sepsis, despite its prevalence, is largely understudied. The current study intends to examine clinical characteristics and biomarkers in culture-positive and culture-negative sepsis, focusing on 30-day mortality and duration of hospital stay in both groups. Materials and methods: A prospective observational comparative cohort study was done on 150 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and wards of Jaipur Golden Hospital. Patients with documented fungal, viral, or parasitic infections, as well as those who had undergone surgery or experienced trauma, were excluded. Results: The mean age of the patients was 51.31±18.94 years. Of 150 patients, 95 (63.3%) were culture-negative, whereas 55 (36.7%) were culture-positive, with more men in the former and more women in the latter. Patients with negative cultures had fewer comorbidities. The levels of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum lactate were within the prescribed limit for both culture-negative and positive patients. A higher proportion (87.3%) of the organisms isolated from culture-positive individuals were gram-negative, with Escherichia coli (E. coli) having the highest prevalence (27.3%), followed by Klebsiella (20%). There were 12.7% gram-positive isolates. The culture-negative patients had significantly better outcomes (P=0.003) as well as the duration of hospital stay (P<0.001) than the culture-positive patients. Culture-positive patients had a more severe illness, a higher incidence of septic shock, and a higher fatality rate than culture-negative patients. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that CRP and PCT can be used as clinically reliable sepsis biomarkers in both culture-positive and culture-negative patients. The study found that culture-negative sepsis is more prevalent and that there are substantial differences between culture-negative and culture-positive sepsis, with the former group having fewer comorbidities, less severe illness, a shorter duration of hospital stays, lower death rates, and better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan K Goyal
- Internal Medicine, Center for Diabetes and Internal Medicine, Delhi, IND
| | - Shruti Sinha
- Internal Medicine, Jaipur Golden Hospital, Delhi, IND
| | - Pooja Saraf
- Internal Medicine, Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, IND
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