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Alharbi AE, Ahmad MS, Damanhouri ZA, Mosli H, Yaghmour KA, Refai F, Issa NM, Alkreathy HM. The Effect of Genetic Variants of SLC22A2 (rs662301 and rs315978) on the response to Metformin in type 2 Saudi diabetic patients. Gene 2024; 927:148648. [PMID: 38852696 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the two genetic variations, NC_000006.12: g.160275887C > T (rs662301) and NC_000006.12:g.160231826 T > C (rs315978), in the SLC22A2 gene among the Saudi population. The primary goal is to elucidate potential associations with these genetic variations and the response to metformin therapy over 6 months to enhance our knowledge of the genetic basis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and its clinical management in the Saudi population. MATERIALS/METHODS 76 newly diagnosed T2DM patients, aged 30 to 60, of both sexes and Saudi origin, were treated with metformin monotherapy. Blood samples were collected before and after 6 months of therapy,80 healthy individuals were included as controls. Genomic DNA was extracted. Genotyping of the SLC22A2 genetic variations was performed using TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assays. Binary logistic regression was utilized to evaluate how certain clinical parameters influence T2DM concerning the presence of SLC22A2 gene variants. RESULTS Among these patients, 73.3 % were responders, and 26.7 % were non-responders. For these variants, no statistically significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies were observed between responders and non-responders (p = 0.375 and p = 0.384 for rs662301; p = 0.473 and p = 0.481 for rs315978, respectively). For the SLC22A2 variant rs662301, the C/C genotype was significantly associated with increased T2DM risk with age and elevated HbA1c levels. Similarly, rs315978 revealed higher T2DM susceptibility and HbA1c elevation in C/C genotype carriers, specifically with advancing age compared to individuals with C/T and T/T genotypes. CONCLUSION The study offers insights into the genetic landscape of T2DM in Saudi Arabia. Despite the absence of significant associations with treatment response, the study suggests potential age-specific associations, this highlights the complexity of the disease. This research underscores the necessity for expanded research, considering diverse populations and genetic factors, to develop personalized treatment approaches. This study serves as a foundation for future investigations into the Saudi population, recognizing the need for a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani E Alharbi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad S Ahmad
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Mosli
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A Yaghmour
- Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd Refai
- Department of Pathology, King Abdulaziz University and King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha M Issa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Huda M Alkreathy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Galuška D, Pácal L, Chalásová K, Divácká P, Řehořová J, Svojanovský J, Hubáček JA, Lánská V, Kaňková K. T2DM/CKD genetic risk scores and the progression of diabetic kidney disease in T2DM subjects. Gene 2024; 927:148724. [PMID: 38909968 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed at understanding the predictive potential of genetic risk scores (GRS) for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Major Cardiovascular Events (MCVE) and All-Cause Mortality (ACM) as secondary outcomes. We evaluated 30 T2DM and CKD GWAS-derived single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their association with clinical outcomes in a central European cohort (n = 400 patients). Our univariate Cox analysis revealed significant associations of age, duration of diabetes, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and eGFR with progression of DKD (all P < 0.05). However, no single SNP was conclusively associated with progression to DKD, with only CERS2 and SHROOM3 approaching statistical significance. While a single SNP was associated with MCVE - WSF1 (P = 0.029), several variants were associated with ACM - specifically CANCAS1, CERS2 and C9 (all P < 0.02). Our GRS did not outperform classical clinical factors in predicting progression to DKD, MCVE or ACM. More precisely, we observed an increase only in the area under the curve (AUC) in the model combining genetic and clinical factors compared to the clinical model alone, with values of 0.582 (95 % CI 0.487-0.676) and 0.645 (95 % CI 0.556-0.735), respectively. However, this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.06). This study highlights the complexity of genetic predictors and their interplay with clinical factors in DKD progression. Despite the promise of personalised medicine through genetic markers, our findings suggest that current clinical factors remain paramount in the prediction of DKD. In conclusion, our results indicate that GWAS-derived GRSs for T2DM and CKD do not offer improved predictive ability over traditional clinical factors in the studied Czech T2DM population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Galuška
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukáš Pácal
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Chalásová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Divácká
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Brno-Bohunice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Řehořová
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Brno-Bohunice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Svojanovský
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav A Hubáček
- Experimental Medicine Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, 1(st) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Lánská
- Department of Data Science, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kaňková
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Wang C, Li X, Yi W, Kang J, Nuermaimaiti N, Guan Y. Differential expression of microRNAs in serum exosomes of obese and non-obese mice and analysis of their function. Gene 2024; 927:148604. [PMID: 38838872 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To extract exosomes from obese and non-obese mice, screen specifically expressed microRNAs by high-throughput sequencing and explore their roles. METHODS An animal obesity model was constructed, and the successful construction of the obesity model was verified by HE staining, Western Blot and RT-qPCR. In addition, exosomes were extracted and verified by Western Blot. High-throughput sequencing was performed on the extracted serum exosomes to screen for differentially expressed microRNAs. fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs and explore their functions. RESULTS 8 microRNAs were up-regulated and 11 microRNAs were down-regulated. mmu-miR-674-5p and X_28316 were significantly down-regulated and had the greatest impact on protein pathways. 8_13258 was significantly up-regulated and affected multiple protein pathways. GO enrichment analysis suggested that the differentially expressed microRNAs were mainly involved in the cleavage of microtubule activity, transferase activity/transferase pentameric acid. GO enrichment analysis suggested that differentially expressed microRNAs were mainly involved in the processes of cleavage microtubule activity, transferase activity/transfer pentamer, and threonine phosphatase/threonine kinase activity.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed microRNAs were mainly involved in the processes of regulating the phosphorylation of TP53 activity, the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint, and the processing of the ends of DNA double-strand breaks. Protein interaction networks were enriched for Stat3, Fgr, Camk2b, Rac1, Asb6, and Ankfy1. Suggesting that they may be mediated by differential genes to participate in the process of insulin resistance. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression trend of mmu-miR-674-5p was consistent with the sequencing results. It suggests that it may be able to participate in the regulation of insulin resistance as a target gene. CONCLUSION microRNAs were differentially expressed in serum exosomes of obese and non-obese mice and might be involved in the specific regulation of insulin resistance. mmu-miR-674-5p was differentially expressed significantly and the validation trend was consistent with it, suggesting that it might be able to participate in the regulation of insulin resistance as a target gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 830017 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 830017 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenying Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 830017 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiawei Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 830017 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Nuerbiye Nuermaimaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 830017 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Yaqun Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, 830017 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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Shen HC, Pan MH, Huang CJ, Yeh HY, Yang HI, Lin YH, Huang CC, Lee KC, Yang YY, Hou MC. Multiple genetic polymorphisms are associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and airflow limitation: A Taiwan Biobank study. Gene 2024; 927:148660. [PMID: 38866261 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Links have been reported between the airflow limitation and both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and fatty liver (FL). Additionally, associations between genetic factors and risks of MetS, FL, and airflow limitation have been identified separately in different studies. Our study aims to simultaneously explore the association between specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of certain genes and the risk of the three associated diseases. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional nationwide study, 150,709 participants from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) were enrolled. We conducted a genotype-phenotype association analysis of nine SNPs on seven genes (ApoE-rs429358, MBOAT7-rs641738, LEPR-rs1805096, APOC3-rs2854116, APOC3-rs2854117, PPP1R3B-rs4240624, PPP1R3B-rs4841132, TM6SF2-rs58542926, and IFNL4-rs368234815) using data from the TWB1.0 and TWB2.0 genotype dataset. Participants underwent a series of assessments including questionnaires, blood examinations, abdominal ultrasounds, and spirometry examinations. RESULTS MetS was associated with FL and airflow limitation. ApoE-rs429358, LEPR-rs1805096, APOC3-rs2854116, APOC3-rs2854117, PPP1R3B-rs4240624, PPP1R3B-rs4841132, and TM6SF2-rs58542926 were significantly associated with the risk of MetS. The cumulative impact of T alleles of ApoE-rs429358 and TM6SF2-rs58542926 on the risk of FL was observed (p-value for trend < 0.001). Individuals without MetS and airflow limitation carrying LEPR-rs1805096 G_G genotype exhibited a reduction in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s percentage prediction (Coefficient -35, 95 % confidence interval (CI) -69.7- -0.4), low forced vital capacity percentage prediction (Coefficient -41.6, 95 % CI -82.6- -0.6), and low vital capacity percentage prediction (Coefficient -42.2, 95 % CI -84.2- -0.1). CONCLUSIONS MetS significantly correlated with FL and airflow limitation. Multiple SNPs were notably associated with MetS. Specifically, T alleles of ApoE-rs429358 and TM6SF2-rs58542926 cumulatively increased the risk of FL. LEPR-rs1805096 shows a trend-wise association with pulmonary function, which is significant in patients without MetS or airflow limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chin Shen
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hung Pan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Yeh
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Huang
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Chuan Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Yang
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Haewphet T, Parhira S, Chaisupasakul P, Wangteeraprasert A, Phoungpetchara I, Pekthong D, Kaewkong W, Jiang ZH, Bai LP, Somran J, Srisawang P. The dichloromethane fraction from Calotropis gigantea (L.) dryand. Stem bark extract prevents liver cancer in SDT rats with insulin-independent diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118516. [PMID: 38971341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand. (C. gigantea) is a traditional medicinal plant, recognized for its effectiveness in managing diabetes, along with its notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic metabolic disorders associated with an elevated risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to hyperglycemia and impaired insulin response. The scientific validation of C. gigantea's ethnopharmacological efficacy offers advantages in alleviating cancer progression in T2DM complications, enriching existing knowledge and potentially aiding future clinical cancer treatments. AIM This study aimed to investigate the preventive potential of the dichloromethane fraction of C. gigantea stem bark extract (CGDCM) against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in T2DM rats, aiming to reduce cancer incidence associated with diabetes while validating C. gigantea's ethnopharmacological efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rats were administered DEN to induce HCC (SDT-DEN-VEH), followed by treatment with CGDCM. Metformin was used as a positive control (SDT-DEN-MET). All the treatments were administered for 10 weeks after the initial DEN injection. Diabetes-related parameters, including serum levels of glucose, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as well as liver function enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase), were quantified. Serum inflammation biomarkers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated. Liver tissue samples were analyzed for inflammation protein expression (IL-6, TNF-α, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)). Histopathological evaluation was performed to assess hepatic necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Liver cell proliferation was determined using immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 expression. RESULTS Rats with SDT-DEN-induced HCC treated with CGDCM exhibited reduced serum glucose levels, elevated insulin levels, and decreased HbA1c levels. CGDCM treatment also reduced elevated hepatic IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, and α-SMA levels in SDT-DEN-VEH rats. Additionally, CGDCM treatment prevented hepatocyte damage, fibrosis, and cell proliferation. No adverse effects on normal organs were observed with CGDCM treatment, suggesting its safety for the treatment of HCC complications associated with diabetes. Additionally, the absence of adverse effects in SD rats treated with CGDCM at 2.5 mg/kg further supports the notion of its safe usage. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that C. gigantea stem bark extract exerts preventive effects against the development of HCC complications in patients with T2DM, expanding the potential benefits of its ethnopharmacological advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaiyawat Haewphet
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Supawadee Parhira
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Pattaraporn Chaisupasakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | | | - Ittipon Phoungpetchara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Dumrongsak Pekthong
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Worasak Kaewkong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Julintorn Somran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Piyarat Srisawang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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Zhou R, Zhou J, Deng S, Zhu Y, Muhuitijiang B, Wu J, Tan W. Developing and experimental validating a B cell exhaustion-related gene signature to assess prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in bladder cancer. Gene 2024; 927:148634. [PMID: 38848880 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cell exhaustion (BEX) refers to the impairment of normal B cell functions and decreased proliferation capability. However, the prognostic value of BEX-related genes in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear. METHODS BLCA cases from TCGA were used for training, while GSE5287, GSE13507, GSE31684, and GSE32894 cohorts from GEO were used for external validation. BEX-related genes were identified through literature retrieval, unsupervised clustering, and genomic difference detection. Gene pairing, LASSO, random forest, and Cox regression were employed to construct a predictive model. B cell samples from scRNAseqDB, GSE111636, and IMvigor210 were utilized to explore immunoprofiles and the predictive ability of the model in immunotherapeutic response. Additionally, 21 pairs of BLCA and paracarcinoma samples from Nanfang Hospital were used to re-confirm our findings through RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. RESULTS 39 BEX-related genes were identified. A 4-gene-pair signature was constructed and served as a reliable prognostic predictor across multiple datasets (pooled HR = 2.32; 95 % CI = 1.81-2.98). The signature reflected the BEX statuses of B cells (FDR < 0.05) and showed promise in evaluating immunotherapeutic sensitivity (P < 0.001). In the local cohort, CD52, TUBB6, and CAV1 were down-regulated in BLCA tissues, while TGFBI, UBE2L6, TINAGL1, and IL32 were up-regulated (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the infiltration levels of CD19 + CD52 + and CD19 + TUBB6 + B cells in paracarcinoma samples were higher than those in BLCA samples (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A BEX-related gene signature was developed to predict prognosis and immunotherapeutic sensitivity in BLCA, providing valuable guidance for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shikai Deng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuanchao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bahaerguli Muhuitijiang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiaxu Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wanlong Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Sanz-Martos AB, Roca M, Plaza A, Merino B, Ruiz-Gayo M, Olmo ND. Long-term saturated fat-enriched diets impair hippocampal learning and memory processes in a sex-dependent manner. Neuropharmacology 2024; 259:110108. [PMID: 39128582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of saturated fat-enriched diets during adolescence has been closely associated with the reduction of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and the impairment of cognitive function. Nevertheless, the effect of long-term intake of these foods has not yet been studied. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of a treatment, lasting for 40 weeks, with a diet enriched in saturated fat (SOLF) on i) spatial learning and memory, ii) hippocampal synaptic transmission and plasticity, and iii) hippocampal gene expression levels in aged male and female mice. Our findings reveal that SOLF has a detrimental impact on spatial memory and synaptic plasticity mechanisms, such as long-term potentiation (LTP), and downregulates Gria1 expression specifically in males. In females, SOLF downregulates the gene expression of Gria1/2/3 and Grin1/2A/2B glutamate receptor subunits as well as some proinflammatory interleukins. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex-specific factors when assessing the long-term effects of high-fat diets on cognition and brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Sanz-Martos
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, UNED, C/ Juan del Rosal 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Roca
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, UNED, C/ Juan del Rosal 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Plaza
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Merino
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Ruiz-Gayo
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Del Olmo
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, UNED, C/ Juan del Rosal 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Li R, Fu R, Yang WM, Cui ZQ, Liang XJ, Yang JB, Liu L, Tan QR, Peng ZW. Acute treatment of bilateral rTMS combined with antidepressants on the plasma fatty acids for major depressive episodes. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149125. [PMID: 39025398 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (B-rTMS) has been largely used in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Nonetheless, information on the acute treatment by B-rTMS combined with antidepressants (ADs) on the plasma fatty acids in MDD is limited. The present study focused on depressive symptoms; Plasma was obtained from 27 adult patients with MDD at baselinephase (MDD), after 2 weeks of treatment (MDD-2w), and 27 healthy controls (HC). Meanwhile, we evaluated the composition of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and medium-and long-chain fatty acids (MLCFAs) in the plasma. Consequently, the levels of Isobutyric acid, Caproic acid, and Propionic acid were low both in the MDD and MDD-2w groups and negatively correlated with the scores of HAMD and HAMA. Besides, minimal changes were observed between the MDD and HC groups, whereas significant MLCFA levels were high in the MDD-2w group. Moreover, we developed combined panels that could effectively differentiate MDD from HCs (AUC=0.99), MDD-2w from HC (AUC=0.983), and MDD from MDD-2w (AUC=0.852). These findings may provide a reference for the use of B-rTMS combined with ADs against the acute phase of depressive episodes and shed light on the relationship between plasma FAs and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Rui Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Wen-Mao Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Quan Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Xue-Jun Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China; Mental Diseases Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chinese PLA, No. 988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Jiaozuo, Henan Province 454003, PR China.
| | - Jia-Bin Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Ling Liu
- Military Medical Innovation Center, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Wu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710000, PR China.
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109
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Bhushan R, Haque S, Gupta RK, Rani A, Diwakar A, Agarwal S, Tripathi A, Dubey PK. Genetic variants related to insulin metabolism are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Gene 2024; 927:148704. [PMID: 38885821 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The current study sought to investigate the associations of common genetic risk variants with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk in the north Indian population and to evaluate their utility in identifying GDM cases. A case-control study, including 300 pregnant women, was included, and clinical and pathological information was collected. The amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS) was used for genotyping four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely FTO (rs9939609), PPARG2 (rs1801282), SLC30A8 (rs13266634), and TCF7L2 (rs12255372). The odds ratio and confidence interval were determined for each SNP in different genetic models. Further, attributable risk, population penetrance, and relative risk were also calculated. The risk allele A of FTO (rs9939609) poses a two times higher risk of GDM (p = 0.02, OR = 2.5). The CG and GG genotypes of PPARG2 (rs1801282) have half a lower risk of GDM. In SLC30A8 (rs13266634), the recessive model analysis showed a two times higher risk of having GDM, while the recessive model (TT vs. GG + GT) analysis in TCF7L2 (rs12255372) indicates a lower risk of GDM. Finally, the relative risk, population penetrance, and attributable risk for risk allele in all four variants was higher in GDM mothers. All four polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with BMI, HbA1c, and insulin. Our study first time confirmed a significant association with GDM for four variants, FTO, PPARG2, SLC30A8, and TCF7L2, in the North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bhushan
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjali Rani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Diwakar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sakshi Agarwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anima Tripathi
- Zoology Section, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pawan K Dubey
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Hou X, Xue Y, Liu C, Li Z, Xu Z. Dual NIR-channel fluorescent probe for detecting ONOO - in vitro and vivo. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 320:124665. [PMID: 38897059 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
As one of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), peroxynitrite (ONOO-) performs various functions in both pathological and physiological mechanisms. In this work, an optical and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (NX), which based on 3-dihydro-1H-xanthene and 2-dicyanomethylene-3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran (TCF) group was designed and prepared to detect ONOO-. This probe revealed an obvious optical and a fluorescent response when ONOO- was present and it exhibited higher selectivity over other ROS. Especially, the dual NIR fluorescence changes at 660 and 800 nm allowed quantitative detection of ONOO- in the range of 15-40 μM, and the detection limit was 82 nM. Finally, the probe was effectively employed to visualize exogenous and endogenous ONOO- in HepG2 cells and zebrafish, respectively. All the results indicated the dual NIR-channel probe could serve as a potent detecting tools in studying ONOO- in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China; College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China
| | - Yilin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China; College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China; College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China
| | - Zhensheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China; College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China.
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China; College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China; College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China.
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111
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Ma H, Xu L, Wu S, Wang S, Li J, Ai S, Yang Z, Mo R, Lin L, Li Y, Wang S, Gao J, Li C, Kong D. Supragel-mediated efficient generation of pancreatic progenitor clusters and functional glucose-responsive islet-like clusters. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:1-14. [PMID: 39101030 PMCID: PMC11292262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Although several synthetic hydrogels with defined stiffness have been developed to facilitate the proliferation and maintenance of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), the influence of biochemical cues in lineage-specific differentiation and functional cluster formation has been rarely reported. Here, we present the application of Supragel, a supramolecular hydrogel formed by synthesized biotinylated peptides, for islet-like cluster differentiation. We observed that Supragel, with a peptide concentration of 5 mg/mL promoted spontaneous hPSCs formation into uniform clusters, which is mainly attributable to a supporting stiffness of ∼1.5 kPa as provided by the Supragel matrix. Supragel was also found to interact with the hPSCs and facilitate endodermal and subsequent insulin-secreting cell differentiation, partially through its components: the sequences of RGD and YIGSR that interacts with cell membrane molecules of integrin receptor. Compared to Matrigel and suspension culturing conditions, more efficient differentiation of the hPSCs was also observed at the stages 3 and 4, as well as the final stage toward generation of insulin-secreting cells. This could be explained by 1) suitable average size of the hPSCs clusters cultured on Supragel; 2) appropriate level of cell adhesive sites provided by Supragel during differentiation. It is worth noting that the Supragel culture system was more tolerance in terms of the initial seeding densities and less demanding, since a standard static cell culture condition was sufficient for the entire differentiation process. Our observations demonstrate a positive role of Supragel for hPSCs differentiation into islet-like cells, with additional potential in facilitating germ layer differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shengjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Songdi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Sifan Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rigen Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Xu Rongxiang Regeneration Life Science Center, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
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Kumar A, Zeleny A, Bellur S, Kesav N, Oyeniran E, Olke KG, Vitale S, Kongwattananon W, Sen HN, Kodati S. Characterization of Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities in Birdshot Chorioretinopathy Using OCT Angiography. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2024; 4:100559. [PMID: 39165693 PMCID: PMC11334704 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2024.100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective To characterize changes in the retinal microvasculature in eyes with birdshot chorioretinopathy (BCR) using OCT angiography (OCTA). Design Retrospective, observational, single center. Subjects Twenty-eight patients (53 eyes) with BCR and 59 age-matched controls (110 eyes). Methods En face OCTA images of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) of each eye were assessed for the presence of microvascular abnormalities and used to measure the vessel and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas. A longitudinal analysis was performed with a representative cohort of 23 BCR eyes (16 patients) at baseline and at a 2-year time point. Main Outcome Measures Whole-image vessel density (VD, %), extrafoveal avascular zone (extra-FAZ) VD (%), and FAZ area (%) were calculated and compared between control and BCR eyes. The frequency of microvascular abnormalities in BCR eyes was recorded. Results In the SCP, increased intercapillary space and capillary loops were common features present on OCTA images. Whole-image and extra-FAZ VD were lower in the BCR group compared with controls (P < 0.0001 [SCP and DCP]). Foveal avascular zone area was enlarged in BCR eyes (P = 0.0008 [DCP]). Worsening best-corrected visual acuity was associated with a decrease in whole-image and extra-FAZ VD in the SCP (P < 0.0001 for both) and the DCP (P < 0.005 for both). Multivariable analysis, with vessel analysis parameters as outcomes, demonstrated that increasing age, increasing disease duration, lower central subfield thickness, and treatment-naive eyes (compared with those on only biologics) were associated with a significant decrease in both DCP whole-image and extra-FAZ VD. Increasing disease duration was associated with a significant decrease in both SCP whole-image and extra-FAZ VD. Longitudinal analysis demonstrated no significant difference in any vessel analysis parameters except for an increase in DCP FAZ area. Conclusions Our results demonstrate a significant a decrease in VD in BCR eyes and an association on multivariable analysis with disease duration. Quantifying VD in the retinal microvasculature may be a useful biomarker for monitoring disease severity and progression in patients with BCR. Further studies with extended longitudinal follow-up are needed to characterize its utility in monitoring disease progression and treatment response. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexander Zeleny
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sunil Bellur
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Natasha Kesav
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Enny Oyeniran
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kübra Gul Olke
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Susan Vitale
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - H. Nida Sen
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shilpa Kodati
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan
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113
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Karampelias C, Băloiu B, Rathkolb B, da Silva-Buttkus P, Bachar-Wikström E, Marschall S, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Chu L, Hrabě de Angelis M, Andersson O. Examining the liver-pancreas crosstalk reveals a role for the molybdenum cofactor in β-cell regeneration. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402771. [PMID: 39159974 PMCID: PMC11333758 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of insulin-producing β-cells is an alternative avenue to manage diabetes, and it is crucial to unravel this process in vivo during physiological responses to the lack of β-cells. Here, we aimed to characterize how hepatocytes can contribute to β-cell regeneration, either directly or indirectly via secreted proteins or metabolites, in a zebrafish model of β-cell loss. Using lineage tracing, we show that hepatocytes do not directly convert into β-cells even under extreme β-cell ablation conditions. A transcriptomic analysis of isolated hepatocytes after β-cell ablation displayed altered lipid- and glucose-related processes. Based on the transcriptomics, we performed a genetic screen that uncovers a potential role of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthetic pathway in β-cell regeneration and glucose metabolism in zebrafish. Consistently, molybdenum cofactor synthesis 2 (Mocs2) haploinsufficiency in mice indicated dysregulated glucose metabolism and liver function. Together, our study sheds light on the liver-pancreas crosstalk and suggests that the molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis pathway should be further studied in relation to glucose metabolism and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Karampelias
- https://ror.org/056d84691 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bianca Băloiu
- https://ror.org/056d84691 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- https://ror.org/00cfam450 Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia da Silva-Buttkus
- https://ror.org/00cfam450 Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Etty Bachar-Wikström
- https://ror.org/056d84691 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan Marschall
- https://ror.org/00cfam450 Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- https://ror.org/00cfam450 Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- https://ror.org/00cfam450 Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lianhe Chu
- https://ror.org/056d84691 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- https://ror.org/00cfam450 Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Olov Andersson
- https://ror.org/056d84691 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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114
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Li Z, Hu T, Li R, Li J, Wang Y, Li Y, Lin Y, Wang Y, Jiani X. Effect of DHCR7 on adipocyte differentiation in goats. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2298399. [PMID: 38157229 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2298399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol is regarded as a signaling molecule in regulating the metabolism and function of fat cells, in which 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol, however, the exact function of DHCR7 in goat adipocytes remains unknown. Here, the effect of DHCR7 on the formation of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat in goats was investigated in vitro, and the result indicated that the mRNA level of DHCR7 showed a gradual downward trend in subcutaneous adipogenesis, but an opposite trend in intramuscular adipogenesis. In the process of subcutaneous preadipocytes differentiation, overexpression of DHCR7 inhibited the expression of adipocytes differentiation marker genes (CEBP/α, CEBP/β, SREBP1 and AP2), lipid metabolism-related genes (AGPAT6, FASN, SCD1 and LPL), and the lipid accumulation. However, in intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation, DHCR7 overexpression showed a promoting effect on adipocyte differentiation marker genes (CEBP/α, CEBP/β, PPARγ and SREBP1) and lipid metabolism-related genes (GPAM, AGPAT6, DGAT1 and SCD1) expression, and on lipid accumulation. In summary, our work demonstrated that DHCR7 played an important role in regulating adipogenic differentiation and lipid metabolism in preadipocytes in goats, which is of great significance for uncovering the underlying molecular mechanism of adipocyte differentiation and improving goat meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiwen Li
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youli Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Jiani
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Aydin S, Kilinc F, Ugur K, Aydin MA, Yalcin MH, Kuloglu T, Kaya Tektemur N, Albayrak S, Emre E, Yardim M, Akkoc RF, Hancer S, Sahin İ, Cinar V, Akbulut T, Demircan S, Evren B, Gencer BT, Aksoy A, Yilmaz Bozoglan M, Aydemir İ, Aydin S. Effects of irisin and exercise on adropin and betatrophin in a new metabolic syndrome model. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:21-32. [PMID: 37933453 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2276205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent public health problem. Uric acid (UA) is increased by MetS. We investigated whether administration of UA and 10% fructose (F) would accelerate MetS formation and we also determined the effects of irisin and exercise. We used seven groups of rats. Group 1 (control); group 2 (sham); group 3 (10% F); group 4 (1% UA); group 5 (2% UA); group 6 (10% F + 1% UA); and Group 7, (10% F + 2% UA). After induction of MetS (groups 3 -7), Group 3 was divided into three subgroups: 3A, no further treatment; 3B, irisin treatment; 3C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 4, 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 4A, no further treatment; 4B, irisin treatment; 4C, Irisin treatment + exercise. Group 5, 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 5A, no further treatment; 5B, irisin treatment; 5C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 6, 10% F + 1% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 6A, no further treatment; 6B, irisin treatment; 6C, irisin treatment + exercise. Group 7, 10% F + 2% UA, which was divided into three subgroups: 7A, no further treatment; 7B, irisin treatment; 7C, irisin treatment + exercise., İrisin was administered 10 ng/kg irisin intraperitoneally on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The exercise animals (in addition to irisin treatment) also were run on a treadmill for 45 min on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday each week for 1 month. The rats were sacrificed and samples of liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, skeletal muscles and blood were obtained. The amounts of adropin (ADR) and betatrophin in the tissue supernatant and blood were measured using an ELISA method. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ADR and betatrophin expression in situ in tissue samples. The duration of these experiments varied from 3 and 10 weeks. The order of development of MetS was: group 7, 3 weeks; group 6, 4 weeks; group 5, 6 weeks; group 4, 7 weeks; group 3, 10 weeks. Kidney, liver, heart, pancreas and skeletal muscle tissues are sources of adropin and betatrophin. In these tissues and in the circulation, adropin was decreased significantly, while betatrophin was increased significantly due to MetS; irisin + exercise reversed this situation. We found that the best method for creating a MetS model was F + UA2 supplementation. Our method is rapid and simple. Irisin + exercise was best for preventing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Aydin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Faruk Kilinc
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Kader Ugur
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | | | - Mehmet Hanifi Yalcin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Serdal Albayrak
- Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Elif Emre
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Meltem Yardim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Yerkoy State Hospital, Yozgat, Turkiye
| | - Ramazan Fazil Akkoc
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Serhat Hancer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - İbrahim Sahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat Hormones Research Group, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkiye
| | - Vedat Cinar
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Taner Akbulut
- Department of Sports and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Selcuk Demircan
- Department of Intensive Care, Inonu University Hospital, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Bahri Evren
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Berrin Tarakci Gencer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - Aziz Aksoy
- Nature and Engineering Faculty, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkiye
| | - Merve Yilmaz Bozoglan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
| | - İsa Aydemir
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat Hormones Research Group, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkiye
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Joo JH, Sharma N, Shaia J, Wu AK, Skugor M, Singh RP, Rachitskaya AV. The Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Diabetic Retinopathy at a Tertiary Care Center. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2024; 4:100547. [PMID: 39139548 PMCID: PMC11321299 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2024.100547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Objective The potential association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) worsening and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) has affected therapeutic management of diabetic patients but remains controversial. This study compared rates of DR development or progression in patients on GLP-1RA to those on SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2I). Design Retrospective cohort study. Subjects Nine hundred eighty-one patients with diabetes mellitus taking GLP-1RA or SGLT-2I, the latter serving as controls, between 2012 and 2023. Methods Patients were one-to-one greedy matched by propensity scores on race/ethnicity, age, smoking status, baseline body mass index and hemoglobin A1c %, type of diabetes mellitus, baseline DR status and history of DR procedures, duration of drug use, whether they had taken both drug types, and change in hemoglobin A1c % after 1 year on the drug. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome was clinical DR development or progression (termed "worsening") detected by International Classification of Diseases (ICD), 10th edition codes, confirmed by manual review, on GLP-1RA compared with SGLT-2I after propensity score matching. Secondary outcomes included DR worsening indicated by need for procedures due to complications, and time-to-first DR worsening event. Results The study included 692 GLP-1RA users and 289 SGLT-2I users. The mean follow-up periods for GLP-1RA versus SGLT-2I use were 1.54 (standard deviation [SD] 1.82) years and 1.38 (SD 1.56) years, respectively. The rates of clinical worsening were 2.3% and 2.8%, respectively. After propensity score matching, an association was not identified between GLP1-RA and DR worsening neither clinically by ICD-10 codes (odds ratio [OR] = 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11-1.03) nor by indication for procedures (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.13-2.00). Time-to-first DR worsening did not differ between the groups in Kaplan-Meier analysis. The most common type of clinical worsening event for both drug types was vitreous hemorrhage (43.7% and 50% of worsening events in GLP-1RA and SGLT-2I users, respectively). The most common DR procedure indicated was anti-VEGF injections (34% and 35% of GLP-1RA and SGLT-2I events, respectively). Conclusions Diabetic retinopathy worsening, either clinically or by procedures, was not associated with GLP-1RA compared with SGLT-2I, both before and after propensity score matching on all analyses, including time-to-first worsening event. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia H. Joo
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Neha Sharma
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jacqueline Shaia
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anna K. Wu
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mario Skugor
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rishi P. Singh
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
- Cleveland Clinic Martin Hospitals, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Stuart, Florida
| | - Aleksandra V. Rachitskaya
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
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Yi S, Ye B, Wang J, Yi X, Wang Y, Abudukelimu A, Wu H, Meng Q, Zhou Z. Investigation of guanidino acetic acid and rumen-protected methionine induced improvements in longissimus lumborum muscle quality in beef cattle. Meat Sci 2024; 217:109624. [PMID: 39141966 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of dietary guanidino acetic acid (GAA) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on beef quality in Simmental bulls. For 140 days, forty-five bulls (453.43 ± 29.05 kg) were randomly divided into control (CON), 0.1% GAA (GAA), and 0.1% GAA + 0.1% RPM (GAM) groups with 15 bulls in each group and containing 3 pen with 5 bulls in each pen. Significant improvements in eye muscle area, pH48h, redness (a*) value, and crude protein (CP) content of longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles were observed in the GAA and GAM groups (P < 0.05). Conversely, the lightness (L*) value, drip loss, cooking loss, and moisture contents decreased (P < 0.05). Additionally, glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) concentrations of LL muscles in GAM were higher (P < 0.05), while malondialdehyde (MDA) content of LL muscles in GAA and GAM groups were lower (P < 0.05). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) profiles were enriched in beef from GAM group (P < 0.05). The addition of GAA and RPM affected the expression of genes in LL muscle, such as HMOX1, EIF4E, SCD5, and NOS2, which are related to hypoxia metabolism, protein synthesis, and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis-related signaling pathways. In addition, GAA and RPM also affected the content of a series of metabolites such as L-tyrosine, L-tryptophan, and PC (O-16:0/0:0) involved in amino acid and lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways. In summary, GAA and RPM can improve the beef quality and its nutritional composition. These changes may be related to changes in gene expression and metabolic pathways related to protein metabolism and lipid metabolism in beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Frontier Technology Research Institute of China Agricultural University in Shenzhen, China Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518119, China
| | - Boping Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Abudusaimijiang Abudukelimu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Jiao W, Jiao Y, Sang Y, Wang X, Wang S. 6-Shogaol alleviates high-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis through miR-3066-5p/Grem2 pathway. Food Chem 2024; 457:140197. [PMID: 38941907 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism by which 6-shogaol ameliorates hepatic steatosis via miRNA-mRNA interaction analysis. C57BL/6 J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, during which 6-shogaol was administered orally. The liver lipid level, liver function and oxidative damage in mice were evaluated. mRNA sequencing, miRNA sequencing, and RT-qPCR were employed to compare the expression profiles between the HFD group and the 6-shogaol-treated group. High-throughput sequencing was used to construct the mRNA and miRNA libraries. Target prediction and integration analysis identified eight potential miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in hepatic steatosis, which were subsequently validated in liver tissues and AML12 cells. The findings revealed that 6-shogaol modulates the miR-3066-5p/Grem2 pathway, thereby improving hepatic steatosis. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms through which 6-shogaol alleviates hepatic steatosis, establishing a foundation for future research on natural active compounds for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Jiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yingshuai Jiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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119
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Palanisamy R, Subramanian SK, Asiedu SK, Perumal V. Boosting resistant starch in rice: Bacterial inulin as a metabolic and glucose uptake modulator. Food Chem 2024; 457:140107. [PMID: 39032479 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus stercoris PSSR12 (B. stercoris PE), an isolate from rice field soils, was identified via 16s rRNA sequencing. The synthesis of the inulin and inulin producing enzyme (IPE) in B. stercoris PE was verified using SDS-PAGE and FTIR. This study aimed to assess the impact of B. stercoris PE treatment on in vitro inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase from traditional and commercial rice varieties of South India. Additionally, the study investigated enzymatic inhibition and mRNA expression of starch synthesis genes (RAmy1a, GBSSIa, SBEIIa, and SBEIIb). Glucose transporter gene expression (GLUT1 and GLUT4) patterns were analyzed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes to evaluate glucose uptake in B. stercoris PE treated rice varieties. The application of B. stercoris PE enhanced grain quality by imparting starch ultra-structural rigidity, inhibiting starch metabolizing enzymes, and inducing molecular changes in starch synthesis genes. This approach holds promise for managing type II diabetes mellitus and potentially reducing insulin dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravishankar Palanisamy
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada; Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India; Rayakis, Energy and Environmental Consultancy, Periyar Street, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636 001, India.
| | - Satheesh Kumar Subramanian
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Samuel Kuwaku Asiedu
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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Balasubramanian S, Perumal E. Integrated in silico analysis of transcriptomic alterations in nanoparticle toxicity across human and mouse models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174897. [PMID: 39053559 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles, due to their exceptional physicochemical properties are used in our day-to-day environment. They are currently not regulated which might lead to increased levels in the biological systems causing adverse effects. However, the overall mechanism behind nanotoxicity remains elusive. Previously, we analysed the transcriptome datasets of copper oxide nanoparticles using in silico tools and identified IL-17, chemokine signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction as the key pathways altered. Based on the findings, we hypothesized a common pathway could be involved in transition metal oxide nanoparticles toxicity irrespective of the variables. Further, there could be unique transcriptome changes between metal oxide nanoparticles and other nanoparticles. To accomplish this, the overall transcriptome datasets of nanoparticles consisting of microarray and RNA-Seq were obtained. >90 studies for 17 different nanoparticles, performed in humans, rats, and mice were assessed. After initial screening, 24 mouse studies (with 196 datasets) and 34 human studies (with 200 datasets) were used for further analyses. The common genes that are dysregulated upon NPs exposure were identified for human and mouse datasets separately. Further, an overrepresentation functional enrichment analysis was performed. The common genes, their gene ontology, gene-gene, and protein-protein interactions were assessed. The overall results suggest that IL-17 and its related pathways might be commonly altered in nanoparticle exposure with lung as one of the major organs affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheeswaran Balasubramanian
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India.
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121
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Yang GR, Kim W, Jung JH. Sliding Microneedle - Lateral flow immunoassay strip device for highly sensitive biomarker detection in interstitial fluid. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 263:116590. [PMID: 39096764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease with significant complications, necessitating regular treatment and checkups, which can be costly and time-consuming for patients. To address this, we developed the Sliding Microneedle (MN)-Lateral flow immunoassay strip (LFIAs) device that combines the advantages of MNs and LFIAs to detect IL-6, an independent biomarker for diabetes complications. This device offers rapid and highly sensitive detection of IL-6 by extracting interstitial fluid (ISF) through MNs and transferring it to LFIAs. The stainless MN, embedded in the 3D-printed Sliding MN-LFIAs device, was inserted into the skin at a 20° angle, minimizing blood contamination risk. With a filter paper attached to the MN surface, the device collected 4.65 ± 0.05 μL of ISF containing IL-6 within 90 s. The ISF was then transferred to the LFIAs using a running buffer. After a 15-min reaction, silver enhancement (SE) treatment was applied, allowing for the highly sensitive and specific detection of IL-6 at 102 pg/mL concentrations. The Sliding MN-LFIAs device successfully distinguished between normal and diabetic rat models, demonstrating its potential as an effective tool for detecting diabetes complications quickly and affordably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Ram Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Woojin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Jung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea.
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Peng W, Shi L, Huang Q, Li T, Jian W, Zhao L, Xu R, Liu T, Zhang B, Wang H, Tong L, Tang H, Wang Y. Metabolite profiles of distinct obesity phenotypes integrating impacts of altitude and their association with diet and metabolic disorders in Tibetans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174754. [PMID: 39032745 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Improved understanding of metabolic obesity phenotypes holds great promise for personalized strategies to combat obesity and its co-morbidities. Such investigation is however lacking in Tibetans with unique living environments and lifestyle in the highlands. Effects of altitude on heterogeneous metabolic obesity phenotypes remain unexplored. METHODS We defined metabolic obesity phenotypes i.e., metabolically healthy/unhealthy and obesity/normal weight in Tibetans (n = 1204) living at 2800 m in the suburb or over 4000 m in pastoral areas. 129 lipoprotein parameters and 25 low-molecular-weight metabolites were quantified and their associations with each phenotype were assessed using logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders. The metabolic BMI (mBMI) was generated using a machine learning strategy and its relationship with prevalence of obesity co-morbidities and dietary exposures were investigated. RESULTS Ultrahigh altitude positively associated with the metabolically healthy and non-obese phenotype and had a tendency towards a negative association with metabolically unhealthy phenotype. Phenotype-specific associations were found for 107 metabolites (e.g., lipoprotein subclasses, N-acetyl-glycoproteins, amino acids, fatty acids and lactate, p < 0.05), among which 55 were manipulated by altitude. The mBMI showed consistent yet more pronounced associations with cardiometabolic outcomes than BMI. The ORs for diabetes, prediabetes and hypertriglyceridemia were reduced in individuals residing at ultrahigh altitude compared to those residing at high altitude. The mBMI mediated the negative association between pastoral diet and prevalence of prediabetes, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We found metabolite markers representing distinct obesity phenotypes associated with obesity co-morbidities and the modification effect of altitude, deciphering mechanisms underlying protective effect of ultrahigh altitude and the pastoral diet on metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Peng
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining, 810008, China; Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining 810008, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Qinghai University, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining 810008, China.
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199 Chang'an South Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Qingxia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Fudan University, No. 825 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tiemei Li
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining, 810008, China; Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining 810008, China
| | - Wenxiu Jian
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining, 810008, China; Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining 810008, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining, 810008, China; Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining 810008, China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Room 3104, No. 21 Hongren Building, West China Science and Technology lnnovation Harbour (iHarbour), Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199 Chang'an South Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Qinghai Nationalities University, No. 3 Bayi Middle Rd, Xining 810007, China
| | - Haijing Wang
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining, 810008, China; Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Qinghai University Medical College, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining 810008, China
| | - Li Tong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Qinghai University, No. 16 Kunlun Rd, Xining 810008, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Fudan University, No. 825 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Youfa Wang
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Room 3104, No. 21 Hongren Building, West China Science and Technology lnnovation Harbour (iHarbour), Xi'an 710061, China.
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Singh A, Singh J, Kaur S, Gunjal M, Kaur J, Nanda V, Ullah R, Ercisli S, Rasane P. Emergence of microgreens as a valuable food, current understanding of their market and consumer perception: A review. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101527. [PMID: 38974201 PMCID: PMC11225695 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Green leafy vegetables, especially microgreens are gaining popularity due to their high nutritional profiles, rich phytochemical content, and intense flavors. This review explores the growing commercial market for microgreens, especially in upscale dining and premium grocery outlets, highlighting consumer perceptions and their effect on market dynamics. Apart from these, the effect of modern agricultural methods that maximize the growth of microgreens is also examined. The value is anticipated to increase significantly, according to market predictions, from $1.7 billion in 2022 to $2.61 billion by 2029. Positive consumer views on microgreens health benefits drive this growth, although challenges such as varying levels of consumer awareness and income disparities affect sales. The review underscores the need for targeted research and strategic initiatives to enhance consumer understanding and improve cultivation methods to support market expansion in upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishvina Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sawinder Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Mahendra Gunjal
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Nanda
- Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sangrur, Punjab 148106, India
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
| | - Prasad Rasane
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
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Li W, Wei J, Tian X, Zhang H, Yang M, Niu Y, Zhang Q, Wang N, Jin Y, Du Y. Integrated network pharmacology and GC-MS-based metabolomics to investigate the chemical profile and efficacy of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and its processed products. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9893. [PMID: 39185578 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR) has been a frequently utilized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for an extended period, with its salt-processed variant being a prevalent application form. Contemporary pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that the salt-processed iteration exhibits a multitude of markedly augmented pharmacological properties. However, whether the pharmacodynamic material basis of this change is related to volatile substances remains unclear. The aim of this study was to develop a strategy to screen volatile pharmacodynamic substances in AR and salt-processed AR (SAR). METHODS A comprehensive approach was developed to identify volatile pharmacodynamic compounds by integrating plant metabolomics, target network pharmacology, and molecular docking technology. Plant metabolomics using GC-MS analysis was conducted to identify volatile chemical markers distinguishing between AR and SAR. Subsequently, network pharmacology was utilized to investigate the correlation between chemical markers and associated diseases. Following this, molecular docking technology was utilized to explore the correlation between chemical markers and disease targets, resulting in the discovery of potential quality control markers. RESULTS Fifty volatile compounds were isolated and identified in the salt of AR and SAR. The findings from plant metabolomics analysis demonstrated a distinct differentiation, revealing 13 volatile chemical markers that distinguish between AR and SAR. A target (PPARG) associated with diabetes was identified through target network pharmacology analysis. Thirteen volatile components were subsequently chosen as potential quality markers, taking into account their hypoglycemic activity. CONCLUSIONS The method developed provides a novel strategy for the identification of pharmacophores in AR and SAR, as well as establishing a foundation for the exploration of the volatile differential components and pharmacodynamics in various processed products of TCMs. Additionally, the findings of this study can serve as a theoretical framework for the development and utilization of volatile components in AR and its processed derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinhuan Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Institute of Cash Grop, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huiyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengxin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yukun Niu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiran Jin
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingfeng Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Wang HJ, Sin CH, Yang SH, Hsueh HM, Lo WY. miR-200b-3p accelerates diabetic wound healing through anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 731:150388. [PMID: 39024974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The poor healing characteristics of diabetic foot ulcers are partially attributed to diabetes-induced pro-inflammatory wounds. Our previous study reported that both miR-146a-5p and miR-200b-3p decrease endothelial inflammation in human aortic endothelial cells and db/db diabetic mice. Although miR-146a-5p has been reported to improve diabetic wound healing, the role of miR-200b-3p is not clear. This study compared the roles of these miRNAs in diabetic wound healing. Two 8-mm full-thickness wounds were created in 12-week-old male db/db mice on the left and right back. After surgery, 100 ng miR-146a-5p, miR-200b-3p, or miR-negative control (NC) was injected in each wound. Full-thickness skin samples were harvested from mice at the 14th day for real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry analyses. At the 14th day, the miR-200b-3p group showed better wound healing and greater granulation tissue thickness than the miR-146a-5p group. The miR-200b-3p group showed a significant decrease of IL-6 and IL-1β gene expression and a significant increase of Col3α1 gene expression compared to those in the miR-NC group. The miR-200b-3p group had the lowest gene expression of TGF-β1, followed by the miR-146a-5p and miR-NC groups. Our findings suggest that the miR-200b-3p group had better healing characteristics than the other two groups. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that CD68 immunoreactivity was significantly decreased in both the miR-146a-5p and miR-200b-3p groups compared with that in the miR-NC group. In addition, CD31 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in the miR-200b-3p group than in the miR-146a-5p group. In conclusion, these results suggest that miR-200b-3p is more effective than miR-146a-5p in promoting diabetic wound healing through its anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects.
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MESH Headings
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Animals
- Wound Healing/genetics
- Male
- Mice
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics
- Diabetic Foot/genetics
- Diabetic Foot/metabolism
- Diabetic Foot/pathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Skin/metabolism
- Skin/pathology
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/pathology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- CD68 Molecule
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Joe Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404327, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Xueshi Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404328, Taiwan
| | - Cian-Huei Sin
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402202, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsuan Yang
- Shiny Brands Group, 7F, No. 311, Fuxing N. Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei, 10544, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ming Hsueh
- Shiny Brands Group, 7F, No. 311, Fuxing N. Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei, 10544, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lo
- Cardiovascular & Translational Medicine Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, Hungkuang University, No. 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Blvd., Shalu Dist., Taichung City 43302, Taiwan.
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Deng L, Shi C, Li R, Zhang Y, Wang X, Cai G, Hong Q, Chen X. The mechanisms underlying Chinese medicines to treat inflammation in diabetic kidney disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118424. [PMID: 38844252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNIC PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which is a public health problem with a significant economic burden. Serious adverse effects, such as hypotension, hyperkalemia, and genitourinary infections, as well as increasing adverse cardiovascular events, limit the clinical application of available drugs. Plenty of randomized controlled trials(RCTs), meta-analysis(MAs) and systematic reviews(SRs) have demonstrated that many therapies that have been used for a long time in medical practice including Chinese patent medicines(CPMs), Chinese medicine prescriptions, and extracts are effective in alleviating DKD, but the mechanisms by which they work are still unknown. Currently, targeting inflammation is a central strategy in DKD drug development. In addition, many experimental studies have identified many Chinese medicine prescriptions, medicinal herbs and extracts that have the potential to alleviate DKD. And part of the mechanisms by which they work have been uncovered. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review aims to summarize therapies that have been proven effective by RCTs, MAs and SRs, including CPMs, Chinese medicine prescriptions, and extracts. This review also focuses on the efficiency and potential targets of Chinese medicine prescriptions, medicinal herbs and extracts discovered in experimental studies in improving immune inflammation in DKD. METHODS We searched for relevant scientific articles in the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. We summarized effective CPMs, Chinese medicine prescriptions, and extracts from RCTs, MAs and SRs. We elaborated the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms by which Chinese medicine prescriptions, medicinal herbs and extracts alleviate inflammation in DKD according to different experimental studies. RESULTS After overviewing plenty of RCTs with the low hierarchy of evidence and MAs and SRs with strong heterogeneity, we still found that CPMs, Chinese medicine prescriptions, and extracts exerted promising protective effects against DKD. However, there is insufficient evidence to prove the safety of Chinese medicines. As for experimental studies, Experiments in vitro and in vivo jointly demonstrated the efficacy of Chinese medicines(Chinese medicine prescriptions, medicinal herbs and extracts) in DKD treatment. Chinese medicines were able to regulate signaling pathways to improve inflammation in DKD, such as toll-like receptors, NLRP3 inflammasome, Nrf2 signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, JAK-STAT, and AGE/RAGE. CONCLUSION Chinese medicines (Chinese medicine prescriptions, medicinal herbs and extracts) can improve inflammation in DKD. For drugs that are effective in RCTs, the underlying bioactive components or extracts should be identified and isolated. Attention should be given to their safety and pharmacokinetics. Acute, subacute, and subchronic toxicity studies should be designed to determine the magnitude and tolerability of side effects in humans or animals. For drugs that have been proven effective in experimental studies, RCTs should be designed to provide reliable evidence for clinical translation. In a word, Chinese medicines targeting immune inflammation in DKD are a promising direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchen Deng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P.R. China; Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chunru Shi
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Run Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P.R. China; Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P.R. China; Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Li H, Wang R, Chen Y, Zhao M, Lan S, Zhao C, Li X, Li W. Integrated network pharmacology and pharmacological investigations to discover the active compounds of Toona sinensis pericarps against diabetic nephropathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118441. [PMID: 38851471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem. Is a deciduous woody plant native to Eastern and Southeastern Asia. Different parts of this plant have a long history of being applied as traditional medicines to treat various diseases. The fruits have been used for antidiabetic, antidiabetic nephropathy (anti-DN), antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of EtOAc (PEAE) and n-BuOH extracts (PNBE) from T. sinensis pericarps (TSP) on kidney injury in high-fat and high-glucose diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN mice by network pharmacology and pharmacological investigations, as well as to further discover active compounds that could ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby delaying DN progression by regulating the Nrf2/NF-κB pathway in high glucose (HG)-induced glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The targets of TSP 1-16 with DN were analyzed by network pharmacology. HFD/STZ-induced DN mouse models were established to evaluate the effects of PEAE and PNBE. Six groups were divided into normal, model, PEAE100, PEAE400, PNBE100, and PNBE400 groups. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, organ indices, plasma MDA, SOD, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, as well as renal tissue Nrf2, HO-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 levels were determined, along with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of kidney sections. Furthermore, GMC activity screening combined with molecular docking was utilized to discover active compounds targeting HO-1, TNF-α, and IL-6. Moreover, western blotting assays were performed to validate the mechanism of Nrf2 and NF-κB in HG-induced GMCs. RESULTS Network pharmacology predicted that the main targets of PEAE and PNBE in the treatment of DN include IL-6, INS, TNF, ALB, GAPDH, IL-1β, TP53, EGFR, and CASP3. Additionally, major pathways include AGE-RAGE and IL-17. In vivo experiments, treatment with PEAE and PNBE effectively reduced FBG levels and organ indices, while plasma MDA, SOD, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, renal tissue Nrf2, HO-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 levels, and renal function were significantly improved. PEAE and PNBE significantly improved glomerular and tubule injury, and inhibited the development of DN by regulating the levels of oxidative stress and inflammation-related factors. In vitro experiments, compound 11 strongly activated HO-1 and inhibited TNF-α and IL-6. The molecular docking results revealed that compound 11 exhibited a high binding affinity towards the targets HO-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 (<-6 kcal/mol). Western blotting results showed compound 11 effectively regulated Nrf2 and NF-κB p65 protein levels, and significantly improved oxidative stress damage and inflammatory responses in HG-induced GMCs. CONCLUSION PEAE, PNBE, and their compounds, especially compound 11, may have the potential to prevent and treat DN, and are promising natural nephroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Rongshen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Research, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Shuying Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Chunzhen Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Research, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Xu Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261041, China.
| | - Wanzhong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Research, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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Wang S, Taledaohan A, Tuohan M, Zhang J, Li Y, Song W, Wang Y, Liang X, Wu Q. Jinmaitong alleviates diabetic neuropathic pain by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling in microglia of diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118442. [PMID: 38852640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jinmaitong (JMT) is a prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine that is composed of 12 crude drugs. It has been used in the treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) for more than 30 years. AIM OF STUDY Microglia are thought to play an important role in neuropathic pain. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of JMT against DNP and to investigate the underlying mechanisms in which the microglia and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were mainly involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of JMT was analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The diabetes model was constructed using 11 to 12-week-old male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat (fa/fa). The model rats were divided into 5 groups and were given JMT at three dosages (11.6, 23.2, and 46.4 g/kg, respectively, calculated as the crude drug materials), JAK inhibitor AG490 (positive drug, 10 μg/day), and placebo (deionized water), respectively, for eight weeks (n = 6). Meanwhile, Zucker lean controls (fa/+) were given a placebo (n = 6). Body weight was tested weekly and blood glucose was monitored every 2 weeks. The mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia were assessed using mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) tests. After treatment, the microglia activation marker Iba-1, CD11B, CD68, neuroinflammatory mediators, and mediators of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were compared between different groups. The mRNA and protein levels of target genes were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot, respectively. RESULTS We found that JMT significantly inhibited the overactivation of microglia in spinal cords, and suppressed neuroinflammation of DNP model rats, thereby ameliorating neurological dysfunction and injuries. Furthermore, these effects of JMT could be attributed to the inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that JMT effectively ameliorated DNP by modulating microglia activation via inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The present study provided a basis for further research on the therapeutic strategies of DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Ayijiang Taledaohan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Maermaer Tuohan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Jiyi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yaoyang Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Wei Song
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xiaochun Liang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Qunli Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Zhang Q, Jin W, Wang H, Tang C, Zhao X, Wang Y, Sun L, Piao C. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and excessive autophagy by Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula via a CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway contributes to protect pancreatic β-cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118440. [PMID: 38885916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula (JTTF), a traditional Chinese herbal decoction, exhibits the potential to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and excessive autophagy, which are the risk factors for the abnormal development and progression of β cells. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to assess the effect of JTTF on pancreatic glucotoxicity by inhibiting ERS and excessive autophagy, for which db/db mice and INS-1 insulinoma cells were used. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of the JTTF was analyzed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. Diabetic (db/db) mice were treated with distilled water or JTTF (2.4 and 7.2 g/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Furthermore, INS-1 cells induced by high glucose (HG) levels were treated with or without JTTF (50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for 48 h to elucidate the protective mechanism of JTTF on glucose toxicity. The experimental methods included an oral glucose tolerance test, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, RT-qPCR, and acridine orange staining. RESULT 28 chemical components of JTTF were identified. Additionally, treatment with JTTF significantly decreased the severity of glycemic symptoms in the db/db mice. Moreover, the treatment partially restored glucose homeostasis in the db/db mice and protected the pancreatic β-cell function. JTTF protected INS-1 cells from HG injury by upregulating GSIS and PDX1, MafA mRNA expression. Further, treatment with JTTF downregulated GRP78 and ATF6 expression, whereas it inhibited Beclin-1 and LC3 activation. The treatment protected the cells from HG-induced ERS and excessive autophagy by downregulating the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS The present study findings show that JTTF may protects β-cells by inhibiting the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway, which deepens our understanding of the effectiveness of JTTF as a treatment strategy against T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital (Fu Tian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqi Jin
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhao
- Shenzhen Hospital (Fu Tian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.
| | - Chunli Piao
- Shenzhen Hospital (Fu Tian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
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Thakur MS, Deshmukh KN, Dey A, Ranjan D, Goyal A, Jachak SM. An alkaloid enriched fraction from Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. Leaves ameliorate HFD-induced obesity and metabolic complexities in C57BL/6J mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118423. [PMID: 38878841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Murraya koenigii commonly known as curry leaf, is traditionally used in India to manage various ailments including diabetes mellitus. Curry leaves are well documented in Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine for beneficial effects in skin eruptions, dysentery, emesis, poisonous bites and bruises. The anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of curry leaf extracts have been demonstrated through several in vitro and in vivo experiments previously. AIM OF THE STUDY To prepare an alkaloid enriched fraction (AEF) from M. koenigii and its evaluation on i) in vitro adipogenesis process and ii) in vivo high fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS MKME and AEF were prepared from M. koenigii leaves. The four carbazole alkaloids (bioactive markers) isolated from AEF were quantitatively determined in the leaves by RP-HPLC method. MKME and AEF were studied for anti-obesogenic activity in adipocytes in vitro and in HFD-induced C57BL/6J obese mice in vivo. At the termination of the in vivo study, lipid profile, hepatic and renal injury and glucose levels were analyzed in the blood samples. Animal tissues were examined histopathologically to determine any signs of damage. Repeated dose oral toxicity study for 28 days on Sprague-Dawley rats was also performed to determine the safety profile of AEF. RESULTS Both MKME and AEF displayed anti-obesogenic activity at 25 μg/ml concentration in vitro and showed 54.06 ± 3.86% and 37.46 ± 3.17% lipid accumulation, respectively compared to control. Further, supplementation of AEF and MKME in HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice helped in controlling weight gain, improved dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance significantly. AEF showed better anti-obesity activity than MKME both in vitro and in vivo study. Repeated administration of AEF up to 1 g/kg dose for 28 days showed no pathological tissue damage. Both MKME and AEF were standardized using a simple and validated RP-HPLC method. CONCLUSION Present study was aimed at preparation of a novel alkaloid-enriched fraction from methanolic extract of M. koenigii leaf and its evaluation for anti-diabesity effect. Our results demonstrated AEF to be a promising plant-based therapy for ameliorating obesity and related metabolic complications in HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Singh Thakur
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Kirti Nandkumar Deshmukh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Akash Dey
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Dhiraj Ranjan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Alok Goyal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Sanjay Madhukar Jachak
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
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Pramanik R, Dey A, Chakrabarty AK, Banerjee D, Narwaria A, Sharma S, Rai RK, Katiyar CK, Dubey SK. Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease: Understanding disease mechanisms, their correlation, and promising dual activity of selected herbs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118402. [PMID: 38821139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This review explores the link between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and diabetes-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD). It emphasizes the shared pathophysiological links and mechanisms between the two conditions, focusing on reduced insulin levels and receptors, impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative damage in AD-affected brains-paralleling aspects of T2DM. The review suggests AD as a "diabetes of the brain," supported by cognitive enhancement through antidiabetic interventions. It focuses on the traditionally used Indian herbs as a means to manage both conditions while addressing developmental challenges. AIM OF THE STUDY This study explores the DM-AD connection, reviewing medicinal herbs with protective potential for both ailments, considering traditional uses and developmental challenges. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studied research, reviews, and ethnobotanical and scientific data from electronic databases and traditional books. RESULTS The study analyzes the pathophysiological links between DM and AD, emphasizing their interconnected factors. Eight Ayurvedic plants with dual protective effects against T2DM and AD are thoroughly reviewed with preclinical/clinical evidence. Historical context, phytoconstituents, and traditional applications are explored. Innovative formulations using these plants are examined. Challenges stemming from phytoconstituents' physicochemical properties are highlighted, prompting novel formulation development, including nanotechnology-based delivery systems. The study uncovers obstacles in formulating treatments for these diseases. CONCLUSION The review showcases the dual potential of chosen medicinal herbs against both diseases, along with their traditional applications, endorsing their use. It addresses formulation obstacles, proposing innovative delivery technologies for herbal therapies, while acknowledging their constraints. The review suggests the need for heightened investment and research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Pramanik
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Anuradha Dey
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | | | - Dipankar Banerjee
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Avinash Narwaria
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajiva Kumar Rai
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Chandra Kant Katiyar
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, 700056, India.
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Gwon HJ, Chung YH, Lim DS, Cho W, Choi SW, Abd El-Aty AM, Song JH, Shin YK, Jeong JH, Jung TW. Uvaol ameliorates lipid deposition in hyperlipidemic hepatocytes by suppressing protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B/ER stress signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150387. [PMID: 39002201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Uvaol (UV), a pentacyclic triterpene found in olives and virgin olive oil, is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various disease models. While olive oil is reported to reduce obesity and insulin resistance, the specific impact of UV on liver lipid metabolism and its molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, hepatic lipid accumulation was measured using oil red O staining, and protein expression levels in liver cells were assessed via Western blot analysis. Apoptosis was evaluated through cell viability and caspase 3 activity assays. UV treatment reduced lipid accumulation, fatty acid uptake, apoptosis, and ER stress in palmitate-treated liver cells. Additionally, UV enhanced fatty acid oxidation. Mechanistically, increased SIRT6 expression and autophagy were observed in UV-treated cells. SIRT6-targeted siRNA or 3-methyladenine blocked the effects of UV in hyperlipidemic cells. In conclusion, UV improves SIRT6/autophagy signaling, reducing lipid deposition and apoptosis in liver cells under high lipid conditions. This in vitro study provides strong evidence for potential therapeutic strategies for hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Ji Gwon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Su Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey.
| | - Jin-Ho Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kyoo Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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133
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Zhang J, He J, Liao Y, Xia X, Yang F. Genetic association between gut microbiome and blood pressure and blood cell count as mediator: A two-step Mendelian randomization analysis. Gene 2024; 925:148573. [PMID: 38762013 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have established a genetic link between gut microbiota and hypertension, but whether blood cell count plays a mediating role in this remains unknown. This study aims to explore genetic associations and causal factors involving the gut microbiome, peripheral blood cell count, and blood pressure. METHODS We utilized summary statistics derived from genome-wide association studies to conduct a two-sample mediation Mendelian randomization analysis (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/). We applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) estimation method as the primary method, along with MR Egger, Weighted median, Simple mode and Weighted mode as complementary methods. To ensure the robustness of the results, several sensitivity analyses were conducted. RESULTS Genetic variants significantly associated with the microbiome, blood pressure, or peripheral blood cell counts were selected as instrumental variables. Fourteen microbial taxa were found to have suggestive associations with diastolic blood pressure (DBP), while fifteen microbial taxa showed suggestive associations with systolic blood pressure (SBP). Meanwhile, red blood cell count, lymphocyte count, and platelet count were identified to mediate the influence of the gut microbiome on blood pressure. Specifically, red cell count was identified to mediate the effects of the phylum Cyanobacteria on DBP (mediated proportion: 8.262 %). Lymphocyte count was found mediate the effects of the genus Subdoligranulum (mediated proportion: 2.642 %) and genus Collinsella (mediated proportion: 2.749 %) on SBP. Additionally, platelet count was found to mediate the relationship between the genus Eubacterium ventriosum group and SBP, explaining 3.421 % of the mediated proportion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlighted that gut microbiota may have causal influence on the blood pressure by modulating blood cell counts, which sheds new light on the pathogenesis and potential clinical interventions through the intricate axis of gut microbiome, blood cell counts, and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Junyi He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Yuhan Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
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134
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Qin J, Chen Y, Zhao X, Yu J. circCUL3 drives malignant progression of cervical cancer by activating autophagy through sponge miR-223-3p upregulation of ATG7. Gene 2024; 925:148572. [PMID: 38759738 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) has emerged as a pivotal regulatory factor in cancer biology, yet its exact role in cervical cancer remains incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the functional role of circCUL3 in cervical cancer and explored its potential as a therapeutic target. Functional gain and loss experiments were conducted in Hela and Siha cell lines to elucidate the biological functions of circCUL3 in cervical cancer. The results revealed that circCUL3 overexpression significantly enhanced cell viability, migration, and invasion while suppressing apoptosis, while circCUL3 knockout displayed the opposite effects. Mechanistically, we identified hsa-miR-223-3p as a target of circCUL3, with its expression being negatively regulated by circCUL3. Furthermore, we discovered that circCUL3 could sequester miR-223-3p, leading to the upregulation of ATG7 expression, and this was linked to the regulation of autophagy in cervical cancer cells. In vivo validation using a xenograft mouse model further supported our in vitro findings. Notably, we found that chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor, restored miR-223-3p expression and counteracted the oncogenic effect of circCUL3 overexpression. In conclusion, circCUL3 potentially contributes to the malignant progression of cervical cancer by acting as a sponge for miR-223-3p, resulting in the upregulation of ATG7 and the activation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Qin
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingmin Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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135
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Sviben S, Polino AJ, Melena IL, Hughes JW. Immuno-scanning electron microscopy of islet primary cilia. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs262038. [PMID: 38804679 PMCID: PMC11166453 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The definitive demonstration of protein localization on primary cilia has been a challenge for cilia biologists. Primary cilia are solitary thread-like projections that have a specialized protein composition, but as the ciliary structure overlays the cell membrane and other cell parts, the identity of ciliary proteins are difficult to ascertain by conventional imaging approaches like immunofluorescence microscopy. Surface scanning electron microscopy combined with immunolabeling (immuno-SEM) bypasses some of these indeterminacies by unambiguously showing protein expression in the context of the three-dimensional ultrastructure of the cilium. Here, we apply immuno-SEM to specifically identify proteins on the primary cilia of mouse and human pancreatic islets, including post-translationally modified tubulin, intraflagellar transport (IFT)88, the small GTPase Arl13b, as well as subunits of axonemal dynein. Key parameters in sample preparation, immunolabeling and imaging acquisition are discussed to facilitate similar studies by others in the cilia research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Sviben
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alexander J. Polino
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Isabella L. Melena
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jing W. Hughes
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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136
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Oumeddour DZ, Al-Dalali S, Zhao L, Zhao L, Wang C. Recent advances on cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in preventing obesity-related metabolic disorders: A comprehensive review. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 729:150344. [PMID: 38976946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, found in various pigmented plants as secondary metabolites, represent a class of dietary polyphenols known for their bioactive properties, demonstrating health-promoting effects against several chronic diseases. Among these, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is one of the most prevalent types of anthocyanins. Upon consumption, C3G undergoes phases I and II metabolism by oral epithelial cells, absorption in the gastric epithelium, and gut transformation (phase II & microbial metabolism), with limited amounts reaching the bloodstream. Obesity, characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, is a global health concern associated with heightened risks of disability, illness, and mortality. This comprehensive review delves into the biodegradation and absorption dynamics of C3G within the gastrointestinal tract. It meticulously examines the latest research findings, drawn from in vitro and in vivo models, presenting evidence underlining C3G's bioactivity. Notably, C3G has demonstrated significant efficacy in combating obesity, by regulating lipid metabolism, specifically decreasing lipid synthesis, increasing fatty acid oxidation, and reducing lipid accumulation. Additionally, C3G enhances energy homeostasis by boosting energy expenditure, promoting the activity of brown adipose tissue, and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, C3G shows potential in managing various prevalent obesity-related conditions. These include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and hypertension through the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enhancement of endogenous antioxidant enzyme levels, and inhibition of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and by exercising its cardioprotective and vascular effects by decreasing pulmonary artery thickness and systolic pressure which enhances vascular relaxation and angiogenesis. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR) are also managed by reducing gluconeogenesis via AMPK pathway activation, promoting autophagy, protecting pancreatic β-cells from oxidative stress and enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Additionally, C3G improves insulin sensitivity by upregulating GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 expression and regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. C3G exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and shifting macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. C3G demonstrates antioxidative effects by enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, reducing ROS production, and activating the Nrf2/AMPK signaling pathway. Moreover, these mechanisms also contribute to attenuating inflammatory bowel disease and regulating gut microbiota by decreasing Firmicutes and increasing Bacteroidetes abundance, restoring colon length, and reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines. The therapeutic potential of C3G extends beyond metabolic disorders; it has also been found effective in managing specific cancer types and neurodegenerative disorders. The findings of this research can provide an important reference for future investigations that seek to improve human health through the use of naturally occurring bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounya Zad Oumeddour
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Sam Al-Dalali
- School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, 541006, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb, 70270, Yemen.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Li X, Si Y, Liang J, Li M, Wang Z, Qin Y, Sun L. Enhancing bone regeneration and immunomodulation via gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel-encapsulated exosomes from osteogenic pre-differentiated mesenchymal stem cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:179-199. [PMID: 38838627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have emerged as promising candidates for cell-free therapy in tissue regeneration. However, the native osteogenic and angiogenic capacities of MSC-Exos are often insufficient to repair critical-sized bone defects, and the underlying immune mechanisms remain elusive. Furthermore, achieving sustained delivery and stable activity of MSC-Exos at the defect site is essential for optimal therapeutic outcomes. Here, we extracted exosomes from osteogenically pre-differentiated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) by ultracentrifugation and encapsulated them in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to construct a composite scaffold. The resulting exosome-encapsulated hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, facilitating sustained delivery of MSC-Exos. Osteogenic pre-differentiation significantly enhanced the osteogenic and angiogenic properties of MSC-Exos, promoting osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, MSC-Exos induced polarization of Raw264.7 cells from a pro-inflammatory phenotype to an anti-inflammatory phenotype under simulated inflammatory conditions, thereby creating an immune microenvironment conducive to osteogenesis. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that MSC-Exos activate the p53 pathway through targeted delivery of internal microRNAs and regulate macrophage polarization by reducing DNA oxidative damage. Our study highlights the potential of osteogenic exosome-encapsulated composite hydrogels for the development of cell-free scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yunhui Si
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Jingxian Liang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Mengsha Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Yinying Qin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Litao Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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138
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Do SQ, Nguyen HT, Wakai T, Funahashi H. Exogenous expression of PGC-1α during in vitro maturation impairs the developmental competence of porcine oocytes. Theriogenology 2024; 228:30-36. [PMID: 39089072 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Objectives of the current study were to examine the effects of exogenous expression of PGC-1α, which is a transcription factor responsive for controlling mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, mitochondria quantity control, mitochondrial biogenesis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) maintenance, in porcine oocytes during in-vitro maturation (IVM) on the developmental competence, as well as mitochondrial quantity and function. Exogenous over-expression of PGC-1α by injection of the mRNA construct into oocytes 20 h after the start of IVM culture significantly increased the copy number of mtDNA in the oocytes, but reduced the incidences of oocytes matured to the metaphase-II stage after the IVM culture for totally 44 h and completely suppressed the early development in vitro to the blastocyst stage following parthenogenetic activation. The exogenous expression of PGC-1α also significantly induced spindle defects and chromosome misalignments. Furthermore, markedly higher ROS levels were observed in the PGC-1α-overexpressed mature oocytes, whereas mRNA level of SOD1, encoded for a ROS scavenging enzyme, was decreased. These results conclude that forced expression of PGC-1α successfully increase mtDNA copy number but led to increased ROS production, evidently by downregulation of SOD1 gene expression, inducement of spindle aberration/chromosomal misalignment, and consequently reduction in the meiotic and developmental competences of porcine oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son Quang Do
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hai Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Wakai
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Funahashi
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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139
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Geiser A, Currie S, Al-Hasani H, Chadt A, McConnell G, Gould GW. A novel 3D imaging approach for quantification of GLUT4 levels across the intact myocardium. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs262146. [PMID: 38958032 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity is a well-accepted feature of tissues, and both transcriptional and metabolic diversity have been revealed by numerous approaches, including optical imaging. However, the high magnification objective lenses needed for high-resolution imaging provides information from only small layers of tissue, which can result in poor cell statistics. There is therefore an unmet need for an imaging modality that can provide detailed molecular and cellular insight within intact tissue samples in 3D. Using GFP-tagged GLUT4 as proof of concept, we present here a novel optical mesoscopy approach that allows precise measurement of the spatial location of GLUT4 within specific anatomical structures across the myocardium in ultrathick sections (5 mm×5 mm×3 mm) of intact mouse heart. We reveal distinct GLUT4 distribution patterns across cardiac walls and highlight specific changes in GLUT4 expression levels in response to high fat diet-feeding, and we identify sex-dependent differences in expression patterns. This method is applicable to any target that can be labelled for light microscopy, and to other complex tissues when organ structure needs to be considered simultaneously with cellular detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angéline Geiser
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Susan Currie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich Heine University, Medical faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz-Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich Heine University, Medical faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gail McConnell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gwyn W Gould
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Klingbeil EA, Schade R, Lee SH, Kirkland R, de La Serre CB. Manipulation of feeding patterns in high fat diet fed rats improves microbiota composition dynamics, inflammation and gut-brain signaling. Physiol Behav 2024; 285:114643. [PMID: 39059597 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Chronic consumption of high fat (HF) diets has been shown to increase meal size and meal frequency in rodents, resulting in overeating. Reducing meal frequency and establishing periods of fasting, independently of caloric intake, may improve obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Additionally, diet-driven changes in microbiota composition have been shown to play a critical role in the development and maintenance of metabolic disorders. In this study, we used a pair-feeding paradigm to reduce meal frequency and snacking episodes while maintaining overall intake and body weight in HF fed rats. We hypothesized that manipulation of feeding patterns would improve microbiota composition and metabolic outcomes. Male Wistar rats were placed in three groups consuming either a HF, low fat diet (LF, matched for sugar), or pair-fed HF diet for 7 weeks (n = 11-12/group). Pair-fed animals received the same amount of food consumed by the HF fed group once daily before dark onset (HF-PF). Rats underwent oral glucose tolerance and gut peptide cholecystokinin sensitivity tests. Bacterial DNA was extracted from the feces collected during both dark and light cycles and sequenced via Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S V4 region. Our pair-feeding paradigm reduced meal numbers, especially small meals in the inactive phase, without changing total caloric intake. This shift in feeding patterns reduced relative abundances of obesity-associated bacteria and maintained circadian fluctuations in microbial abundances. These changes were associated with improved gastrointestinal (GI) function, reduced inflammation, and improved glucose tolerance and gut to brain signaling. We concluded from these data that targeting snacking may help improve metabolic outcomes, independently of energy content of the diet and hyperphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Klingbeil
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, United States
| | - R Schade
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Food Sciences, Sun Moon University, South Korea
| | - R Kirkland
- Office of Research, University of Georgia, United States
| | - C B de La Serre
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, United States.
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Zhang X, Yu W, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Gu M, Cheng S, Ren G, Zhao B, Yuan WE. A hydrogen generator composed of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofibre membrane loaded iron nanoparticles for infectious diabetic wound repair. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:266-278. [PMID: 38843679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic wound, which is chronic skin disease, poses a significant challenge in clinical practice because of persistent inflammation and impaired angiogenesis. Recently, hydrogen has emerged as a novel therapeutic agent due to its superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we engineered a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) electrospun nanofibre membrane loaded with citric acid (CA) and iron (Fe) nanoparticles, referred to as Fe@PLGA + CA. Our in vitro assays demonstrated that the Fe@PLGA + CA membrane continuously generated and released hydrogen molecules via a chemical reaction between Fe and CA in an acidic microenvironment created by CA. We also discovered that hydrogen can ameliorate fibroblast migration disorders by reducing the levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). Furthermore, we confirmed that hydrogen can scavenge or biochemically neutralise accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit pro-inflammatory responses, and induce anti-inflammatory reactions. This, in turn, promotes vessel formation, wound-healing and accelerates skin regeneration. These findings open new possibilities for using elemental iron in skin dressings and bring us one step closer to implementing hydrogen-releasing biomedical materials in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqi Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Muge Gu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Sulin Cheng
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Exercise Translational Medicine Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guogang Ren
- School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Bo Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China.
| | - Wei-En Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Hohhot 010070, China.
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Kim E, Choi S, Kim SY, Jang SJ, Lee S, Kim H, Jang JH, Seo HH, Lee JH, Choi SS, Moh SH. Wound healing effect of polydeoxyribonucleotide derived from Hibiscus sabdariffa callus via Nrf2 signaling in human keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 728:150335. [PMID: 38996695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
There has been a growing interest in skin recovery in both the medical and cosmetics fields, leading to an increasing number of studies reporting diverse materials being utilized for this purpose. Among them, polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is known for its efficacy in skin repair processes, while Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) is recognized for its antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and wound healing properties, including its positive impact on mammalian skin and cells. We hypothesized that these characteristics may have a germane relationship during the healing process. Consequently, we induced calli from HS and then extracted PDRN for use in treating human keratinocytes. PDRN (5 μg/mL) had considerable wound healing effects and wrinkle improvement effects. To confirm its function at the molecular level, we performed real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, genes related to wound healing (MMP9, Nrf2, KGF, VEGF, SOD2, and AQP3) were significantly upregulated. Additionally, the protein expression of MMP9, AQP3, and CAT, which are closely related to wound healing and antioxidant cascades, was considerably enhanced. Based on cellular morphology and molecular-level evidence, we propose that PDRN from calli of HS can improve wound healing in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, its potential to serve as a novel material in cosmetic products is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euihyun Kim
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunmee Choi
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Yun Kim
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Joo Jang
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sak Lee
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyein Kim
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Hyeon Jang
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo Hyun Seo
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Hun Lee
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Soo Choi
- Daesang Holdings, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Hyun Moh
- Plant Cell Research Institute, BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
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Vu JT, Tavasoli KU, Sheedy CJ, Chowdhury SP, Mandjikian L, Bacal J, Morrissey MA, Richardson CD, Gardner BM. A genome-wide screen links peroxisome regulation with Wnt signaling through RNF146 and TNKS/2. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202312069. [PMID: 38967608 PMCID: PMC11223164 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202312069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles harboring metabolic enzymes. In humans, peroxisomes are required for normal development, yet the genes regulating peroxisome function remain unclear. We performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify novel factors involved in peroxisomal homeostasis. We found that inhibition of RNF146, an E3 ligase activated by poly(ADP-ribose), reduced the import of proteins into peroxisomes. RNF146-mediated loss of peroxisome import depended on the stabilization and activity of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases TNKS and TNKS2, which bind the peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14. We propose that RNF146 and TNKS/2 regulate peroxisome import efficiency by PARsylation of proteins at the peroxisome membrane. Interestingly, we found that the loss of peroxisomes increased TNKS/2 and RNF146-dependent degradation of non-peroxisomal substrates, including the β-catenin destruction complex component AXIN1, which was sufficient to alter the amplitude of β-catenin transcription. Together, these observations not only suggest previously undescribed roles for RNF146 in peroxisomal regulation but also a novel role in bridging peroxisome function with Wnt/β-catenin signaling during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T. Vu
- Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Katherine U. Tavasoli
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Connor J. Sheedy
- Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Soham P. Chowdhury
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Lori Mandjikian
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Julien Bacal
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Meghan A. Morrissey
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Chris D. Richardson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Brooke M. Gardner
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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Yang S, Cao SJ, Li CY, Zhang Q, Zhang BL, Qiu F, Kang N. Berberine directly targets AKR1B10 protein to modulate lipid and glucose metabolism disorders in NAFLD. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118354. [PMID: 38762210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Berberine (BBR) is the main active component from Coptidis rhizome, a well-known Chinese herbal medicine used for metabolic diseases, especially diabetes for thousands of years. BBR has been reported to cure various metabolic disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the direct proteomic targets and underlying molecular mechanism of BBR against NAFLD remain less understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the direct target and corresponding molecular mechanism of BBR on NAFLD is the aim of the current study. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and oleic acid (OA) stimulated HepG2 cells were utilized to verify the beneficial impacts of BBR on glycolipid metabolism profiles. The click chemistry in proteomics, DARTS, CETSA, SPR and fluorescence co-localization analysis were conducted to identify the targets of BBR for NAFLD. RNA-seq and shRNA/siRNA were used to investigate the downstream pathways of the target. RESULTS BBR improved hepatic steatosis, ameliorated insulin resistance, and reduced TG levels in the NAFLD models. Importantly, Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) was first proved as the target of BBR for NAFLD. The gene expression of AKR1B10 increased significantly in the NAFLD patients' liver tissue. We further demonstrated that HFD and OA increased AKR1B10 expression in the C57BL/6 mice's liver and HepG2 cells, respectively, whereas BBR decreased the expression and activities of AKR1B10. Moreover, the knockdown of AKR1B10 by applying shRNA/siRNA profoundly impacted the beneficial effects on the pathogenesis of NAFLD by BBR. Meanwhile, the changes in various proteins (ACC1, CPT-1, GLUT2, etc.) are responsible for hepatic lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, glucose uptake, etc. by BBR were reversed by the knockdown of AKR1B10. Additionally, RNA-seq was used to identify the downstream pathway of AKR1B10 by examining the gene expression of liver tissues from HFD-fed mice. Our findings revealed that BBR markedly increased the protein levels of PPARα while downregulating the expression of PPARγ. However, various proteins of PPAR signaling pathways remained unaffected post the knockdown of AKR1B10. CONCLUSIONS BBR alleviated NAFLD via mediating PPAR signaling pathways through targeting AKR1B10. This study proved that AKR1B10 is a novel target of BBR for NAFLD treatment and helps to find new targets for the treatment of NAFLD by using active natural compounds isolated from traditional herbal medicines as the probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shi-Jie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Cong-Yu Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bo-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Ning Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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Ma L, Tang J, Chen F, Liu Q, Huang J, Liu X, Zhou Z, Yi W. Structure-based screening, optimization and biological evaluation of novel chrysin-based derivatives as selective PPARγ modulators for the treatment of T2DM and hepatic steatosis. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116728. [PMID: 39089002 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
In consideration of several serious side effects induced by the classical AF-2 involved "lock" mechanism, recently disclosed PPARγ-Ser273 phosphorylation mode of action has become an alternative and mainstream mechanism for currently PPARγ-based drug discovery and development with an improved therapeutic index. In this study, by virtue of structure-based virtual high throughput screening (SB-VHTS), structurally chemical optimization by targeting the inhibition of the PPARγ-Ser273 phosphorylation as well as in vitro biological evaluation, which led to the final identification of a chrysin-based potential hit (YGT-31) as a novel selective PPARγ modulator with potent binding affinity and partial agonism. Further in vivo evaluation demonstrated that YGT-31 possessed potent glucose-lowering and relieved hepatic steatosis effects without involving the TZD-associated side effects. Mechanistically, YGT-31 presented such desired therapeutic index, mainly because it effectively inhibited the CDK5-mediated PPARγ-Ser273 phosphorylation, selectively elevated the level of insulin sensitivity-related Glut4 and adiponectin but decreased the expression of insulin-resistance-associated genes PTP1B and SOCS3 as well as inflammation-linked genes IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα. Finally, the molecular docking study was also conducted to uncover an interesting hydrogen-bonding network of YGT-31 with PPARγ-Ser273 phosphorylation-related key residues Ser342 and Glu343, which not only gave a clear verification for our targeting modification but also provided a proof of concept for the abovementioned molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Junyuan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China; Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shao Shui Xi Road, Shaoyang, 422100, China
| | - Fangyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Qingmei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Junjun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Xiawen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
| | - Wei Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
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Tang L, Wang D, Chang H, Liu Z, Zhang X, Feng X, Han L. Treating ischemic stroke by improving vascular structure and promoting angiogenesis using Taohong Siwu Decoction: An integrative pharmacology strategy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118372. [PMID: 38777084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Neovessels represent a crucial therapeutic target and strategy for repairing ischemic tissue. Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) exhibits potential in promoting angiogenesis to address ischemic stroke (IS). However, its impact on neovessel structure and function, alongside the underlying molecular mechanisms, remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim is to investigate the protective effects of THSWD on neovessel structure and function, as well as the associated molecular mechanisms, utilizing an integrative pharmacological approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS We initially employed behavioral tests, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), Evans blue staining, and immunofluorescence to evaluate the protective effects of THSWD on neovascular structure and function in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats. Subsequently, we utilized network pharmacology, metabolomics, and experimental validation to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of THSWD in enhancing neovascular structure and function. RESULT In addition to significantly reducing neurological deficits and cerebral infarct volume, THSWD mitigated pathological damage, blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and cerebral blood flow disruption. Moreover, it preserved neovascular structure and stimulated angiogenesis. THSWD demonstrated potential in ameliorating cerebral microvascular metabolic disturbances including lipoic acid metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, purine metabolism, and ether lipid metabolism. Consequently, it exhibited multifaceted therapeutic effects, encompassing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, energy metabolism modulation, and antiplatelet aggregation properties. CONCLUSION THSWD exhibited protective effects on cerebral vascular structure and function and facilitated angiogenesis by rectifying cerebral microvascular metabolic disturbances in MCAO/R rats. Furthermore, integrated pharmacology offers a promising approach for studying the intricate traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) system in IS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Zhuqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xuefeng Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Lan Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, 230012, China.
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147
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Liu H, Magaye R, Kaye DM, Wang BH. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: The role of inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 980:176858. [PMID: 39074526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a debilitating clinical syndrome affecting 64.3 million patients worldwide. More than 50% of HF cases are attributed to HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), an entity growing in prevalence and mortality. Although recent breakthroughs reveal the prognostic benefits of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in HFpEF, there is still a lack of effective pharmacological therapy available. This highlights a major gap in medical knowledge that must be addressed. Current evidence attributes HFpEF pathogenesis to an interplay between cardiometabolic comorbidities, inflammation, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) activation, leading to cardiac remodelling and diastolic dysfunction. However, conventional RAAS blockade has demonstrated limited benefits in HFpEF, which emphasises that alternative therapeutic targets should be explored. Presently, there is limited literature examining the use of anti-inflammatory HFpEF therapies despite growing evidence supporting its importance in disease progression. Hence, this review aims to explore current perspectives on HFpEF pathogenesis, including the importance of inflammation-driven cardiac remodelling and the therapeutic potential of anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Liu
- Monash Alfred Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Ruth Magaye
- Monash Alfred Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - David M Kaye
- Monash Alfred Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Bing H Wang
- Monash Alfred Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia; Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
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Zhu Z, Yu M, Xu M, Ji X, Zong X, Zhang Z, Shang W, Zhang L, Fang P. Baicalin suppresses macrophage JNK-mediated adipose tissue inflammation to mitigate insulin resistance in obesity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118355. [PMID: 38762213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix scutellariae (the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used to treat a wide range of inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, diabetic kidney disease, and COVID-19-associated inflammatory states in the lung and kidney. Baicalin is the major anti-inflammatory component of Radix scutellariae and has shown the potential to inhibit inflammation in metabolic disorders. In this study, we explored the ability and underlying mechanisms of baicalin to modulate the macrophage to mitigate insulin resistance in obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Obese mice were administered baicalin (50 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 3 weeks. RAW264.7 and BMDM cells were stimulated with LPS and treated with baicalin for 24 h, while 3T3-L1 and primary white adipocytes were treated with the supernatants from baicalin-treated RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. RESULTS The results showed that baicalin significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance as well as decreased fat and adipose tissue macrophage levels in obese mice. Besides, baicalin significantly reduced serum and adipose tissue IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in obese mice, as well as suppressed LPS-induced IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 expression and release in macrophages. Furthermore, treatment with the supernatant from baicalin-treated RAW264.7 cells increased the levels of PGC-1α, SIRT1, p-IRS-1 and p-AKT in adipocytes. Moreover, baicalin treatment dramatically downregulated macrophage p-p38, p-JNK, and Ac-p65Lys310 levels while increasing SIRT1 both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, JNK inhibitor SP600125 blocked most of the effects of baicalin on SIRT1, Ac-p65Lys310 and pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages. CONCLUSION Therefore, these results demonstrated for the first time that baicalin exerts its anti-inflammatory effects in obese adipose tissue macrophages mainly through suppressing JNK/SIRT1/p65 signaling. These findings amplified the mechanisms of baicalin and its potential to attenuate insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mengfan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Xicui Zong
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China.
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, China.
| | - Penghua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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149
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Han Y, Zhang Z, Song Q, Sun S, Li W, Yang F, Tong L. Modulation of glycolipid metabolism in T2DM rats by Rubus irritans Focke extract: Insights from metabolic profiling and ERK/IRS-1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118341. [PMID: 38754646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) plays a crucial role in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, influencing apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation. It connection to the insulin (INS) signaling cascade and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been established. Rubus irritans Focke, an indispensable herb in Chinese Tibetan medicine for diabetes mellitus treatment, lacks a comprehensive understanding of its effects and pharmacological mechanisms in T2DM. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to elucidate the effects of Rubus irritans Focke extract (Rife) on a T2DM rat model, exploring its impact on glycemic and lipid metabolism, histopathological changes, and its potential targeting of the extracellular regulated protein kinase/insulin receptor substrate-1 (ERK/IRS-1) signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS A T2DM rat model was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection (40 mg/kg) in high-fat diet-fed (HFD) male Wistar rats. Rife and metformin (Met) were administered for 4 weeks, and glycemic, lipid metabolism indices, and histopathological changes were assessed. Protein expression of ERK, IRS-1 in rat liver tissues was examined to evaluate the impact on the ERK/IRS-1 pathway. RESULTS Rife reducing hepatic ERK and IRS-1 protein expression in T2DM rats. Untargeted metabolomics identified 13 potential biomarkers and 4 differential metabolic pathways related to glycolipid metabolism disorders. CONCLUSIONS Rife demonstrated improved glycolipid metabolism in T2DM rats by inhibiting the ERK/IRS-1 related signaling pathway and influencing multiple metabolic pathways. This study provides valuable insights into the potential therapeutic mechanisms of Rife in the context of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Zonghao Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, 810001, China
| | - Qingyun Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Glycolipid Metabolic Diseases, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Glycolipid Metabolic Diseases, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Glycolipid Metabolic Diseases, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Glycolipid Metabolic Diseases, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China.
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Glycolipid Metabolic Diseases, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China.
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150
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Singh SSB, Patil KN. SIRT1/AMPK-mediated pathway: Ferulic acid from sugar beet pulp mitigating obesity-induced diabetes-linked complications and improving metabolic health. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159511. [PMID: 38761896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Obesity-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases the risk of metabolic syndrome due to the high calorie intake. The role of sugar beet pulp (SBP) in T2D and the mechanism of its action remain unclear, though it is abundant in phenolics and has antioxidant activity. In this study, we isolated and purified ferulic acid from SBP, referred to as SBP-E, and studied the underlying molecular mechanisms in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism developing high glucose/high fat diet-induced diabetic models in vitro and in vivo. SBP-E showed no cytotoxicity and reduced the oxidative stress by increasing glutathione (GSH) in human liver (HepG2) and rat skeletal muscle (L6) cells. It also decreased body weight gain, food intake, fasting blood glucose levels (FBGL), glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and lipid accumulation. Additionally, SBP-E decreased the oxidative stress and improved the antioxidant enzyme levels in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2D mice. Further, SBP-E reduced plasma and liver advanced glycation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in HFD-fed mice. Importantly, SBP-E significantly elevated AMPK, glucose transporter, SIRT1 activity, and Nrf2 expression and decreased ACC activity and SREBP1 levels in diabetic models. Collectively, our study results suggest that SBP-E treatment can improve obesity-induced T2D by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism via SIRT1/AMPK signalling and the AMPK/SREBP1/ACC1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha S B Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru 570 020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Neelakanteshwar Patil
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru 570 020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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