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Chen Q, Chen Y, Huang Y, Yang Q, He DY, Fang BJ, Ren Y, Liu J. Anxiety symptoms and risk factors in patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai, China. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024; 59:711-726. [PMID: 39041583 DOI: 10.1177/00912174241264671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been shown to include anxiety. However, the association between demographic and physiological factors in COVID-19-associated anxiety symptoms is poorly understood. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study was conducted to examine anxiety symptoms and associated factors among patients with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant during the quarantine period in Shanghai. METHODS The study was conducted between April 16, 2022, and May 21, 2022, at Fangcang Shelter Hospital in Shanghai, China. Data were collected using an anonymous online questionnaire. Demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms, vaccine dose, comorbidities (such as hypertension and diabetes), type of work, and mental health symptoms were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and risk factors. Stratified analyses were performed to investigate potential interactions. RESULTS A total of 2132 patients with confirmed Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. The results demonstrated that female gender (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.11-1.94), nonmanual labor (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.25-2.09), respiratory symptoms (OR = 3.19, 95% CI = 2.30-4.43), and having other comorbidities (OR = 1.65, 95% = 1.09-2.50) were positively associated with anxiety symptoms. A significant interaction was found between gender and (a) nonmanual labor (OR = 1.54, 95% = 1.29-1.85), (b) respiratory symptoms (OR = 2.06, 95% = 1.72- 2.48), and (c) comorbidities (OR = 1.57, 95% = 1.16-2.12), such that the relationship with anxiety symptoms was stronger in women compared to men. There were also significant interactions between age group and (a) nonmanual labor (stronger in those ages >46) and (b) respiratory symptoms (stronger in those ages 36-45) regarding the association with anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Alleviation of respiratory symptoms, addressing comorbidities, and implementation of both psychological and psychopharmacological treatments may help reduce anxiety symptoms following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Classical Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Classical Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinglin Yang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, China
| | - De-Ying He
- Department of Classical Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Bang-Jiang Fang
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Classical Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, China
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Huang J, Zhang X, Jin R, Xu T, Jin Z, Shen M, Lv F, Chen J, Liu J. Wavelet-based selection-and-recalibration network for Parkinson's disease screening in OCT images. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 256:108368. [PMID: 39154408 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative brain diseases worldwide. Therefore, accurate PD screening is crucial for early clinical intervention and treatment. Recent clinical research indicates that changes in pathology, such as the texture and thickness of the retinal layers, can serve as biomarkers for clinical PD diagnosis based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. However, the pathological manifestations of PD in the retinal layers are subtle compared to the more salient lesions associated with retinal diseases. METHODS Inspired by textural edge feature extraction in frequency domain learning, we aim to explore a potential approach to enhance the distinction between the feature distributions in retinal layers of PD cases and healthy controls. In this paper, we introduce a simple yet novel wavelet-based selection and recalibration module to effectively enhance the feature representations of the deep neural network by aggregating the unique clinical properties, such as the retinal layers in each frequency band. We combine this module with the residual block to form a deep network named Wavelet-based Selection and Recalibration Network (WaveSRNet) for automatic PD screening. RESULTS The extensive experiments on a clinical PD-OCT dataset and two publicly available datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Visualization analysis and ablation studies are conducted to enhance the explainability of WaveSRNet in the decision-making process. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the potential role of the retina as an assessment tool for PD. Visual analysis shows that PD-related elements include not only certain retinal layers but also the location of the fovea in OCT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Huang
- Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Center for High Performance Computing and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bioinformatics, Shenzhen institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Richu Jin
- Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tao Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Oujiang Laboratory; The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi Jin
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meixiao Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Lv
- The Oujiang Laboratory; The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiangfan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Oujiang Laboratory; The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Singapore Eye Research Institute, 169856, Singapore.
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Acero-Castillo MC, Correia MBM, Caixeta FV, Motta V, Barros M, Maior RS. Is the antidepressant effect of ketamine separate from its psychotomimetic effect? A review of rodent models. Neuropharmacology 2024; 258:110088. [PMID: 39032814 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Ketamine is an NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) glutamate receptor antagonist, which has a myriad of dose-dependent pharmacological and behavioral effects, including anesthetic, sedative, amnestic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Intriguingly, ketamine at subanesthetic doses displays a relevant profile both in mimicking symptoms of schizophrenia and also as the first fast-acting treatment for depression. Here, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge about ketamine as an antidepressant as well as a pharmacological model of schizophrenia in animal models and human participants. Ketamine's dual effect appears to arise from its mechanism of action involving NMDA receptors, with both immediate and downstream consequences being triggered as a result. Finally, we discuss the feasibility of a unified approach linking the glutamatergic hypothesis of schizophrenia to the promising preclinical and clinical success of ketamine in the treatment of refractory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Acero-Castillo
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Metabolism, and Behavior, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, ZIP 70910-900, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - M B M Correia
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Metabolism, and Behavior, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, ZIP 70910-900, Brasilia-DF, Brazil; Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta GA, ZIP 30322, USA
| | - F V Caixeta
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Metabolism, and Behavior, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, ZIP 70910-900, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - V Motta
- Department of Basic Psychological Processes, Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, ZIP 70910-900, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - M Barros
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, ZIP 70910-900, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - R S Maior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Metabolism, and Behavior, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, ZIP 70910-900, Brasilia-DF, Brazil.
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Sommer RJ, Robbins BT. Migraine Headache and Patent Foramen Ovale: Observational Studies, the Randomized Clinical Trials, and the GORE RELIEF Clinical Study. Cardiol Clin 2024; 42:497-507. [PMID: 39322340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of migraine remains poorly understood. Like most migraine preventive therapies, patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure was never intended for the treatment of migraine. After closure of PFO for other reasons, migraine symptom reduction/elimination was noted in some patients. Subsequent small trials failed to prove its benefit. There is significant evidence suggesting a platelet-mediated mechanism linking migraines to PFO. The GORE RELIEF Clinical Study is a randomized, blinded, placebo- and sham-controlled trial, currently enrolling. The study design is meant to optimize patient selection using thienopyridine responsiveness as an inclusion criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Sommer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Interventional Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Room 624, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Barbara T Robbins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Interventional Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Room 624, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Wu W, Zhang JW, Li Y, Huang K, Chen RM, Maimaiti M, Luo JS, Chen SK, Wu D, Zhu M, Wang CL, Su Z, Liang Y, Yao H, Wei HY, Zheng RX, Du HW, Luo FH, Li P, Wang E, Polychronakos C, Fu JF. Population-based prevalence of self-reported pediatric diabetes and screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Chinese children in years 2017-2019, a cross-sectional study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 52:101206. [PMID: 39324120 PMCID: PMC11422556 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Background The worldwide geographical and temporal variation in the prevalence of diabetes represents a challenge, but also an opportunity for gaining etiological insights. Encompassing the bulk of East Asians, a large and distinct proportion of the world population, China can be a source of valuable epidemiological insights for diabetes, especially in early life, when pathophysiology begins. We carried out a nationwide, epidemiological survey of Prevalence and Risk of Obesity and Diabetes in Youth (PRODY) in China, from 2017 to 2019, to estimate the population-based prevalence of diagnosed pediatric diabetes and screen for undiagnosed pediatric type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods PRODY was a nation-wide, school population-based, cross-sectional, multicenter survey by questionnaire, fasting urine glucose test and simple oral glucose tolerance test (s-OGTT), among a total number of 193,801 general-population children and adolescents (covered a pediatric population of more than 96.8 million), aged 3-18, from twelve provinces across China. The prevalence of the self-reported pediatric diabetes, the proportion of subtypes, the crude prevalence of undiagnosed T2D and prediabetes in general juvenile population and the main risk factors of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes had been analyzed in the study. Findings The prevalence of all self-reported pediatric diabetes was estimated at 0.62/1000 (95% CI: 0.51-0.74), with T1D at 0.44/1000 (95% CI: 0.35-0.54) and T2D at 0.18/1000 (95% CI: 0.13-0.25). For undiagnosed T2D, the crude prevalence was almost ten-fold higher, at 1.59/1000, with an estimated extra 28.45/1000 of undiagnosed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 53.74/1000 of undiagnosed impaired fasting glucose (IFG) by s-OGTT screening. Maternal diabetes history is the major risk factors for all subtypes of pediatric diabetes in China. Interpretation The PRODY study provides the first population-based estimate of the prevalence of pediatric diabetes China and reveals a magnitude of the problem of undiagnosed pediatric T2D. We propose a practical screening strategy by s-OGTT to address this serious gap. Funding The National Key Research and Development Programme of China, Key R&D Program of Zhejiang, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Zhejiang Provincial Key Disciplines of Medicine, Key R&D Program Projects in Zhejiang Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Center for Children's Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, 310051, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhang
- Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Center for Children's Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, 310051, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, 321000, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangxi Li
- Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Center for Children's Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, 310051, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ke Huang
- Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Center for Children's Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, 310051, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui-Min Chen
- Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, 350005, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mireguli Maimaiti
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jing-Si Luo
- The Maternity Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 537406, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shao-Ke Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 537406, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Di Wu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100045, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhu
- The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400014, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Lin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310053, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhe Su
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital, 518034, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wei
- Children's Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, 450066, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rong-Xiu Zheng
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 300052, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Wei Du
- The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, 130061, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fei-Hong Luo
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Pin Li
- Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Constantin Polychronakos
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jun-Fen Fu
- Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Center for Children's Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, 310051, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li Z, Wei H, Li R, Wu B, Xu M, Yang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y. The effects of antihypertensive drugs on glucose metabolism. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:4820-4829. [PMID: 39140233 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal glucose metabolism is a common disease of the endocrine system. The effects of drugs on glucose metabolism have been reported frequently in recent years, and since abnormal glucose metabolism increases the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications, metabolic disorders, and infection, clinicians need to pay close attention to these effects. A variety of common drugs can affect glucose metabolism and have different mechanisms of action. Hypertension is a common chronic cardiovascular disease that requires long-term medication. Studies have shown that various antihypertensive drugs also have an impact on glucose metabolism. Among them, α-receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers can improve insulin resistance, while β-receptor blockers, thiazides and loop diuretics can impair glucose metabolism. The aim of this review was to discuss the mechanisms underlying the effects of various antihypertensive drugs on glucose metabolism in order to provide reference information for rational clinical drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongxia Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ru Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baofeng Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xifeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Medicinal Basic Research Innovation Center of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Medicinal Basic Research Innovation Center of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Clinical Research Center For Metabolic Diseases Of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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157
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Carrillo-Larco RM. Cardiovascular predicted risk: A population-based comparison of the pooled cohorts equation and PREVENT. Int J Cardiol 2024; 414:132423. [PMID: 39102945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the new cardiovascular risk score (PREVENT) has improvements, its implementation may lead to significant changes in the distribution of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) in the United States. We aimed to quantify and characterize the distribution of the 10-year predicted absolute ASCVD risk using the Pooled Cohorts Equation (PCE) and PREVENT. METHODS We utilized the latest (2017-March 2020) round of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Accounting for the complex survey design of the NHANES, we computed the mean predicted ASCVD risk overall and by sex, race, and education; similarly, we computed the prevalence of cardiovascular risk groups (<5%, 5%-7.4%, 7.5%-19.9%, and ≥ 20%). RESULTS The study included 3845 observations, representing 109,692,509 people. Using the PREVENT calculator resulted in a reduction of the mean 10-year ASCVD absolute risk by half compared to the PCE: 9.1% vs 4.7%. Under the PCE, the high-risk category accounted for 12.5% of the population, whereas under PREVENT it fell to 0.4%. Among those previously classified as high-risk under the PCE, 3.5% would remain in this category with PREVENT, while 93% would be reclassified as intermediate risk. CONCLUSIONS The adoption of the novel cardiovascular risk score, PREVENT, could lower the average predicted ASCVD risk and reduce the prevalence of high-risk individuals. While this shift might suggest improved cardiovascular health, it could also lead to complacency, potentially undermining ongoing public health efforts aimed at preventing cardiovascular disease.
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Harvey LA, Payne NL, Tan A, Zhang J, Lai YC, Taylor ME, Armstrong E, McVeigh C, Mikolaizak AS, Hairu R, Scott TA, Bishop M, Close J. Variation in mortality following hip fracture across the Asia Pacific region: Systematic review and proportional meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 126:105519. [PMID: 38941947 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine country/region-specific mortality (in-hospital, 30-day and 1-year) following hip fracture across the Asia Pacific region. METHODS Five databases MEDLINE, PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies that reported mortality following hospitalisation for low-trauma hip fracture in adults aged ≥50 years with data from 2010 to 30 September 2021. There were no restrictions on study design or language. Pooled mortality estimates for countries/regions with ≥2 studies were calculated using random-effects models. RESULTS In total 244 studies were included in the meta-analysis. 123 studies (1,382,810 patients, 13 countries/regions) reported in-hospital mortality which ranged from 1.4 % in Japan [95 %CI 1.2-1.7], Singapore [95 %CI 1.0-1.6], China [95 %CI 0.8-2.3] and Hong Kong SAR [95 %CI 0.8-2.6] to 5.5 % [95 %CI 4.1-7.2] in New Zealand. 92 studies (628,450 patients, 13 countries/regions) reported 30-day mortality which ranged from 1.2 % in Japan [95 %CI 0.9-1.5] and Thailand [95 %CI 0.7-2.0] to 7.4 % [95 %CI 7.0-7.8] in Australia. 142 studies (1,139,752 patients, 14 countries/regions) reported 1-year mortality which ranged from 10.8 % [95 %CI 9.6-12.1] in Singapore to 23.3 % [95 %CI 22.3-24.5] in Australia and 23.8 % in New Zealand. CONCLUSION There is substantial variation in mortality across the Asia Pacific region. Short-term mortality rates in Asian countries, notably Japan and Singapore, are up to four-fold lower than for Australia and New Zealand. This difference, although less marked, is sustained at 1-year with a two-fold lower mortality rate in Asia. This meta-analysis is the first to delineate these differences, further studies are required to understand the reasons for this variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Harvey
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
| | - N L Payne
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Tan
- Nepean Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Zhang
- School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Y C Lai
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - M E Taylor
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; Ageing Futures Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - E Armstrong
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - C McVeigh
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - R Hairu
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - T A Scott
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Bishop
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jct Close
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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159
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Özcan F, Gürçay E, Kalem Özgen AN, Demir Y. Outcomes and predictors of stress among Turkish family caregivers of patients with acquired brain injury. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024; 31:1225-1233. [PMID: 36075221 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2115909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined family caregiver stress and factors predicting the stress among caregivers of patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). METHODS Sixty caregivers of patients with ABI took part in this study. All participants completed assessments of Caregiver Strain Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The patients with ABI were also assessed on the Functional Independence Measure, Disability Rating Scale, Rancho Los Amigos Cognitive Scale-revised, Functional Ambulation Classification Scale, and Neurobehavioral Rating Scale-revised. Relationship between caregiver's stress and clinical outcomes was analyzed, together with factors significantly associated with stress. RESULTS Elevated levels of stress were determined in 40% of caregivers. Higher stress was seen in caregivers of patients with shorter disease duration, worse functioning, who had more depression and anxiety, poorer perceived health status particularly for pain and emotional reaction domains, and less life satisfaction. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that caregiver's stress was predicted by NHP pain domain (β = 0.062, p = 0.016) and SWLS (β = -0.133, p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Caregivers with more pain and less life satisfaction are at higher risk of developing stress. In order to overcome this difficult process and improve the quality of care, it would be appropriate to reveal predictors of stress and produce appropriate interventions/approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Özcan
- Gaziler Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Gürçay
- Gaziler Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Naz Kalem Özgen
- Gaziler Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasin Demir
- Gaziler Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Ding D, Van Buskirk J, Partridge S, Clare P, Giovannucci E, Bauman A, Freene N, Gallagher R, Nguyen B. The association of diet quality and physical activity with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 85,545 older Australians: A longitudinal study. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:841-850. [PMID: 38810689 PMCID: PMC11336305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A quality diet and an active lifestyle are both important cornerstones of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. However, despite their interlinked effects on metabolic health, the 2 behaviors are rarely considered jointly, particularly within the context of CVD prevention. We examined the independent, interactive, and joint associations of diet and physical activity with CVD hospitalization, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality. METHODS CVD-free Australian participants aged 45-74 years (n = 85,545) reported physical activity, diet, sociodemographic, and lifestyle characteristics at baseline (2006-2009) and follow-up (2012-2015), and data were linked to hospitalization and death registries (03/31/2019 for CVD hospitalization and all-cause mortality and 12/08/2017 for CVD mortality). Diet quality was categorized as low, medium, and high based on meeting dietary recommendations. Physical activity was operationalized as (a) total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as per guidelines, and (b) the composition of MVPA as the ratio of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) to total MVPA. We used a left-truncated cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model using time-varying covariates. RESULTS During a median of 10.7 years of follow-up, 6576 participants were admitted to the hospital for CVD and 6581 died from all causes (876 from CVD during 9.3 years). A high-quality diet was associated with a 17% lower risk of all-cause mortality than a low-quality diet, and the highest MVPA category (compared with the lowest) was associated with a 44% and 48% lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, respectively. Multiplicative interactions between diet and physical activity were non-significant. For all outcomes, the lowest risk combinations involved a high-quality diet and the highest MVPA categories. Accounting for total MVPA, some VPA was associated with further risk reduction of CVD hospitalization and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION For CVD prevention and longevity, one should adhere to both a healthy diet and an active lifestyle and incorporate some VPA when possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Joe Van Buskirk
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Stephanie Partridge
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Philip Clare
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nicole Freene
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Robyn Gallagher
- Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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Zhang Z, Yin H, Zheng C, Yu Z, Ahmed RZ, Niu Y, Zhou C, Ding J, Lin H, Lin Y, Zheng Y, Jin X. PFOS impairs cardiac function and energy metabolism under high-fat diet: Insights into role of circulating macrophage emphasized by exposure distribution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175139. [PMID: 39084357 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), widely utilized in consumer products, have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). With the increasing prevalence of high-fat diet, a common risk factor for CVD, the PFAS exposed populations who consume a high-fat diet will inevitably grow and may have a higher CVD risk. However, the potential toxic effect and mode of action remain elusive. We constructed a mouse model orally exposed to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a prototypical PFAS, and fed a high-fat diet. PFOS exposure induced cardiomyopathy and structural abnormalities in the mice heart. Moreover, a characteristic of energy metabolism remodeling from aerobic to anaerobic process was observed. Interestingly, PFOS was rarely detected in heart but showed high level in serum, suggesting an indirect route of action for PFOS-caused cardiac toxicity. We further demonstrated that PFOS-caused circulating inflammation promoted metabolic remodeling and contractile dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. Wherein, PFOS stimulated the release of IL-1β from circulating proinflammatory macrophages mediated by NF-κB and caspase-1. This study provides valuable data on PFAS-induced cardiac risks associated with exposed populations with increasing high-fat diet consumption, highlighting the significance of indirect pathways in PFOS's impact on the heart, based on the distribution of internal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuer Zheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenhua Yu
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Yong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chengying Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huan Lin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongfeng Lin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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162
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Ignacio Carlotto C, Bernardes S, Zanella P, Silva FM. Dietary patterns and risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and clinical outcomes in diagnosed patients: A scoping review. Respir Med 2024; 233:107773. [PMID: 39142594 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Limited research exists on the association between dietary patterns (DP) and COPD risk or health-related outcomes. We reviewed existing literature to identify DP as a potential factor influencing COPD development and associated health outcomes in diagnosed individuals. METHODS We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for this scoping review, conducting searches on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science to identify studies meeting our inclusion criteria (P, population - adults from the general population with or without COPD diagnosis; C, concept - DP; C, context - any setting). Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, confirmed eligibility through full-text examination, extracted data using Redcap®, and assessed bias risk with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. RESULTS We analyzed 24 studies with sample sizes ranging from 121 to 421,426 individuals aged 20 to 75. Eighty-three percent investigated the role of DP in the COPD etiology, while 16.7 % examined health-related COPD outcomes. Food frequency questionnaires predominated (75 %) in exploring 23 distinct DP. Sixty-seven percent employed a priori-defined DP, focusing on the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI), while 33.3 % utilized a posteriori-defined DP, mainly represented by the Prudent and Traditional DP. Sixty percent of the studies reported significant associations between DP and COPD risk/odds. However, studies examining DP and COPD patient outcomes produced varied results. CONCLUSIONS Most studies focused on assessing COPD risk using a priori-defined DP, particularly emphasizing the Med Diet and HEI. Overall, the studies found that healthy DPs are associated with reduced risk of COPD and improved outcomes in diagnosed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ignacio Carlotto
- Nutrition Science Graduate Program of Federal University of Healthy Science of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Priscilla Zanella
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Flávia Moraes Silva
- Nutrition Department and Nutrition Science Graduate Program of UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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163
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Singh M, Singh S, Pandey MK, Singh S. Exploring the link between physical activity and cardiovascular disease among Indian elderly: Evidence from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India(LASI). Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102778. [PMID: 39089412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, particularly among older adults. In India, the rapid demographic transition has resulted in a significant increase in the aging population, necessitating a deeper understanding of the factors influencing CVD prevalence. This study examines the association between physical activity and the prevalence of CVD among individuals aged 60 and above. DATA & METHODS This study utilized cross-sectional data from the LASI-Wave 1, comprising a nationally representative sample of 28,935 individuals. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between physical activity and CVD. Population Attributable Factor (PAF) was calculated to determine the proportion of CVD cases preventable by recommended physical activity levels. RESULTS Adequate physical activity significantly lowered the risk of CVD by 28% (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.67-0.78). Inadequate physical activity also showed a protective effect (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.94) compared to those who were physically inactive. Other significant factors influencing CVD risk included age, sex, educational level, living arrangements, self-rated health status, body mass index, smoking habits, and multi-morbidity. The comparison between adequate physical activity levels and physically inactive shows a PAF estimate of 0.093 (95% CI: 0.071 - 0.114), indicating that 9.3% of cardiovascular disease cases could be prevented by increasing physical activity from inactive to adequate levels. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the significant role of physical activity in reducing CVD risk among older adults in India. Promoting regular physical activity through community-based programs and healthcare interventions could substantially lower the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moradhvaj Singh
- Department of Yogic Sciences, Lakshmibai National Institution of Physical Education, Gwalior M P, India, 474002.
| | | | - Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Department of Physical Education, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, M P., India, 484887.
| | - Saurabh Singh
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 400088.
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Zhao R, Han F, Yu Q, Zhu Z, Tu Z, Xia T, Li B. A multifunctional scaffold that promotes the scaffold-tissue interface integration and rescues the ROS microenvironment for repair of annulus fibrosus defects. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:257-270. [PMID: 39149595 PMCID: PMC11325007 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited self-repair ability of the annulus fibrosus (AF), current tissue engineering strategies tend to use structurally biomimetic scaffolds for AF defect repair. However, the poor integration between implanted scaffolds and tissue severely affects their therapeutic effects. To solve this issue, we prepared a multifunctional scaffold containing loaded lysyl oxidase (LOX) plasmid DNA exosomes and manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs). LOX facilitates extracellular matrix (ECM) cross-linking, while MnO2 NPs inhibit excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ECM degradation at the injury site, enhancing the crosslinking effect of LOX. Our results revealed that this multifunctional scaffold significantly facilitated the integration between the scaffold and AF tissue. Cells were able to migrate into the scaffold, indicating that the scaffold was not encapsulated as a foreign body by fibrous tissue. The functional scaffold was closely integrated with the tissue, effectively enhancing the mechanical properties, and preventing vascular invasion, which emphasized the importance of scaffold-tissue integration in AF repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Zhao
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Center of Translational Medicine and Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215028, China
| | - Feng Han
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qifan Yu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Zhuang Zhu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Zhengdong Tu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Second Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Suzhou, 215127, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215153, China
| | - Bin Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
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165
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Borghi-Silva A, Vainshelboim B, da Luz Goulart C, Arena R, Myers J. The prognostic role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:5251-5260. [PMID: 39212136 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM Poor cardiorespiratory fitness has been suggested to increase the risk of chronic diseases in obesity. We investigated the ability of key variables from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to predict all-cause mortality in an obese cohort. METHODS The sample included 469 participants of both sexes (mean age 40 ± 13 years) who underwent a CPET for clinical reasons between 1 March 2009 and 1 December 2023. All-cause mortality was the prognostic endpoint. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to establish optimal cut-points for CPET variables. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the association between CPET variables and all-cause mortality. RESULTS There were 46 deaths during a mean follow-up period of 69 ± 48 months, resulting in an annual mortality rate of 2%. Despite the sample being made up of mostly women (70%), there were more deaths in men (18 vs. 6%, p < 0.001).The optimal thresholds for discrimination of survival were as follows: (a) peak oxygen uptake (pVO2) ≤16 mL/kg/min; (b) minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) slope ≥31; (c) ventilatory power ≤5.8 mmHg; and (d) circulatory power ≤2980 mmHg/mL O2/min. Kaplan-Meier survival plots revealed a significant positive association between lower pVO2, circulatory power and ventilatory power values and survival (log-rank, p < 0.001) and higher mortality for men than women. Adjusted Cox regression models showed that a pVO2 ≤16 mL/kg/min had a 20-fold higher risk of mortality when compared with >16 mL/kg/min. CONCLUSION Given the strong association of VO2, ventilatory efficiency, circulatory and ventilatory power with all-cause mortality, our findings support the notion that poorer cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Borghi-Silva
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Baruch Vainshelboim
- Sports and Exercise Science Program, College of Health and Wellness, Barry University, Miami Shores, Florida, USA
| | - Cássia da Luz Goulart
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan Myers
- Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Livermore, California, USA
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166
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Xu X, Catts VS, Harris K, Wang N, Numbers K, Trollor J, Brodaty H, Sachdev PS, Schutte AE. The contribution of cumulative blood pressure load to dementia, cognitive function and mortality in older adults. J Hypertens 2024; 42:1922-1931. [PMID: 38989713 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies evaluated the contribution of long-term elevated blood pressure (BP) towards dementia and deaths. We examined the association between cumulative BP (cBP) load and dementia, cognitive decline, all-cause and cardiovascular deaths in older Australians. We also explored whether seated versus standing BP were associated with these outcomes. METHODS The Sydney Memory and Aging Study included 1037 community-dwelling individuals aged 70-90 years, recruited from Sydney, Australia. Baseline data was collected in 2005-2007 and the cohort was followed for seven waves until 2021. cSBP load was calculated as the area under the curve (AUC) for SBP ≥140 mmHg divided by the AUC for all SBP values. Cumulative diastolic BP (cDBP) and pulse pressure (cPP) load were calculated using thresholds of 90 mmHg and 60 mmHg. Cox and mixed linear models were used to assess associations. RESULTS Of 527 participants with both seated and standing BP data (47.7% men, median age 77), 152 (28.8%) developed dementia over a mean follow-up of 10.5 years. Higher cPP load was associated with a higher risk of all-cause deaths, and cSBP load was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular deaths in multivariate models ( P for trend < 0.05). Associations between cPP load, dementia and cognitive decline lost statistical significance after adjustment for age. Differences between sitting and standing BP load were not associated with the outcomes. CONCLUSION Long-term cPP load was associated with a higher risk of all-cause deaths and cSBP load associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular deaths in older Australians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Xu
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health
- The George Institute for Global Health
| | - Vibeke S Catts
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine
| | | | | | - Katya Numbers
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine
| | - Julian Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine
- National Centre of Excellence in Intellectual Disability Health, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health
- The George Institute for Global Health
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team; Medical Research Council Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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167
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Thongjan N, Prapamontol T, Liwsrisakun C, Chairuangsri S, Hongsibsong S, Norbäck D. Organophosphate insecticide exposure and respiratory symptoms among school children in Northern Thailand: Interaction by biomass burning, dampness and season. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175122. [PMID: 39084390 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The aim was to study associations between dialkylphosphates (DAPs), organophosphate (OP) metabolites in urine, biomarkers of OP insecticide exposure, and respiratory symptoms among children in upper northern Thailand. We recruited junior high school children in randomly selected schools in four cities (N = 337), with repeated data collection in wet and dry seasons. Urine was collected and analyzed for six OP metabolites, with creatinine adjustment. Total DAP was expressed as sum of DAPs. Data on respiratory symptoms was collected by a standardized questionnaire. Associations were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Totally 11.3 % lived in farm families. Total DAPs concentration was higher in dry season (p = 0.002) but did not differ between farm and non-farm children. Total DAPs in wet season was associated with current wheeze (p = 0.019), current asthma attacks (p = 0.012) and attacks of breathlessness in last 12 months (p = 0.021). Total DAPs in dry season was associated with current wheeze (p = 0.042), and associations between DAPs and respiratory symptoms were stronger for dimethylphosphate metabolites (DMPs) than for diethylphosphate metabolites (DEPs). DMPs are produced by certain OP pesticides. Biomass burning inside or outside the home, and dampness or mold at home, enhanced the association between total DAPs and attacks of breathlessness. In conclusion, OP pesticide exposure, measured as urinary DAPs, was higher in dry season and similar in farm and non-farm children. OPs exposure, especially to DMP related pesticides, can increase asthmatic symptoms, especially in wet season. Combined exposure to OP and smoke from biomass burning, or dampness and mold, can further increase the prevalence of attacks of breathlessness. There is a need to reduce OP insecticide and biomass smoke exposure among Thai children. Since different pesticides can be used in different seasons, studies on respiratory health effects of OPs pesticide exposure should be done in different seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaporn Thongjan
- Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Program in Environmental Science, Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Tippawan Prapamontol
- Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences and Non-Communicable Diseases Center of Excellence, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Chalerm Liwsrisakun
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiangmai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Surat Hongsibsong
- Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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168
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Togashi S, Masukawa K, Aoyama M, Sato K, Miyashita M. Aggressive End-of-Life Treatments Among Inpatients With Cancer and Non-cancer Diseases Using a Japanese National Claims Database. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2024; 41:1339-1349. [PMID: 38019734 DOI: 10.1177/10499091231216888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To describe aggressive treatments at end-of-life among inpatients with cancer and non-cancer diseases and to evaluate factors associated with these treatments using the Japanese national database (NDB). We conducted a retrospective cohort study among inpatients aged ≥ 20 years who died between 2012 and 2015 using a sampling dataset of NDB. The outcome was the proportion of aggressive treatments in the last 14 days of life. We considered the underlying causes of death as cancer, dementia/senility, and heart, cerebrovascular, renal, liver, respiratory, and neurodegenerative diseases. We analyzed 54,105 inpatients, with underlying cause of death distributed as follows: cancer, 24.9%; heart disease, 16.5%; respiratory disease, 12.3%; and cerebrovascular disease, 9.7%. The proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) admission was 9.7%, being the highest in heart disease (20.5%), followed by cerebrovascular diseases (12.6%), and least in dementia/senility (.6%). The proportion of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 19.6%, being the highest in heart disease (38.1%), followed by renal diseases (19.5%), and least in cancer (6.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that having heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, younger age, less comorbidities, and shorter length of stay were associated with an increasing risk of aggressive treatments in the last 14 days of life. The proportion of aggressive treatments at the end-of-life varies depending on the disease; additionally, these treatments were associated with having heart diseases, younger age, less comorbidity, and shorter length of stay. Our findings may help develop and set benchmarks for quality indicators at the end-of-life for patients with non-cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Togashi
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Center for Outcomes Research and Economic Evaluation for Health, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Kento Masukawa
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Maho Aoyama
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sato
- Division of Integrated Health Sciences, Department of Nursing for Advanced Practice, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Miyashita
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Picó Munyoz R, Tárrega A, Laguna L. Exploring the impact of bubble type on sensory stimulation in drinks. Physiol Behav 2024; 286:114656. [PMID: 39111644 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the impact of various types of carbonation on sensory stimulation in the mouth, salivary secretion and the neurotransmitter substance P (SP), as well as body responses such as heart rate (HR) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). Three types of carbonation (one made using a soda machine, another carbonated with a gasifier, and the last commercial sparkling water) were used to produce different bubbles resulting in distinct sensory characteristics assessed by a trained panel. The impact of carbonation was measured by recording changes in salivary flow rate, SP levels, salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), HR, and GSR in fifteen healthy participants. The results showed that the bubble type only affected the sensory perception of carbonation. Regardless of bubble type, carbonation increased salivary flow rate and SP values, SigA and HR. These characteristics are being sought to improve treatments for dysphagia or dry mouth. Therefore, these findings highlight the potential therapeutic application of carbonation in these situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Picó Munyoz
- Consumer Perception and Behavior and Adapted Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA, CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - Amparo Tárrega
- Consumer Perception and Behavior and Adapted Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA, CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - Laura Laguna
- Consumer Perception and Behavior and Adapted Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA, CSIC), Paterna, Spain.
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170
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Mamani-Urrutia V, Durán-Galdo R, Salvatierra-Ruiz R, Rivera-Medina J, Delgado C, Montag D. Design and validation of a photographic atlas of Peruvian foods to evaluate the food consumption of children from 6 to 12 months of age. Appetite 2024; 202:107611. [PMID: 39074616 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Design and validation a photographic atlas of Peruvian foods to evaluate the food consumption of children from 6 to 12 months of age. METHODS Quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. 12 food groups were established according to their nutrient content. The atlas is designed to be applied to mothers, fathers, or caregivers of children from 6 to 12 months of age. The methodology was divided into four stages: i) selection of the food list, regional recipe books from Peru were reviewed, then interviews with mothers of children in the age range were verified for the final selection of the food list; ii) preparation and weighing of food, utensils were used to establish home measurements and with the established weight the macro and micronutrients were calculated with tables of composition of Peruvian foods; iii) development of the photographic session, a professional photographer with previous experience in similar works was used; and iv) expert validation, with the participation of 5 nutritionists with experience in infant feeding. RESULTS The proposed atlas includes 57 foods with a total of 91 photographs. The content validity coefficient according to food category and in total obtained an assessment of 0.75 (Cohen's kappa coefficient), which gives it acceptable validity and agreement. CONCLUSIONS The photographic atlas of food portions for infant feeding in Peru is a practical, reliable, and culturally appropriate visual tool to help estimate the amount of food consumed by this population, which will facilitate the estimation of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Durán-Galdo
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care and Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Juan Rivera-Medina
- Department of Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Lima, Peru; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos Delgado
- Department of Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Lima, Peru; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Doreen Montag
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
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171
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Piper R, Tremper A, Katsouyanni K, Fuller GW, Green D, Font A, Walton H, Rivas I, Evangelopoulos D. Associations between short-term exposure to airborne carbonaceous particles and mortality: A time-series study in London during 2010-2019. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124720. [PMID: 39142429 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) has been identified as a major global health concern; however, the importance of specific chemical PM components remains uncertain. Recent studies have suggested that carbonaceous aerosols are important detrimental components of the particle mixture. Using time-series methods, we investigated associations between short-term exposure to carbonaceous particles and mortality in London, UK. Daily counts of non-accidental, respiratory, and cardiovascular deaths were obtained between 2010 and 2019. For the same period, daily concentrations of carbonaceous particles: organic (OC), elemental (EC), wood-burning (WC), total carbon (TC) and equivalent black carbon (eBC) were sourced from two centrally located monitoring sites (one urban-traffic and one urban-background). Generalized additive models were used to estimate the percentage change in mortality risk associated with interquartile range increases in particulate concentrations. Lagged effects up to 3 days were examined. Stratified analyses were conducted by age, sex, and season, separate analyses were also performed by site-type. For non-accidental mortality, positive associations were observed for all particle species at lag1, including statistically significant percentage risk changes in WC (0.51% (95%CI: 0.19%, 0.82%) per IQR (0.68 μg/m3)) and OC (0.45% (95%CI: 0.04%, 0.87% per IQR (2.36 μg/m3)). For respiratory deaths, associations were greatest for particulate concentrations averaged over the current and previous 3 days, with increases in risk of 1.70% (95%CI: 0.64%, 2.77%) for WC and 1.31% (95%CI: -0.08%, 2.71%) for OC. No associations were found with cardiovascular mortality. Results were robust to adjustment for particle mass concentrations. Stratified analyses suggested particulate effects were greatest in the summer and respiratory associations more pronounced in females. Our findings are supportive of an association between carbonaceous particles and non-accidental and respiratory mortality. The strongest evidence of an effect was for WC; this is of significance given the rising popularity of wood-burning for residential space heating and energy production across Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Piper
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Anja Tremper
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; NIHR HPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gary W Fuller
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - David Green
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; NIHR HPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Anna Font
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Education, Research and Innovation in Energy and Environment (CERI EE), 59000, Lille, France
| | - Heather Walton
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; NIHR HPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ioar Rivas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dimitris Evangelopoulos
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; NIHR HPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College, London, UK.
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172
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Yang J, Zhao ML, Jiang LH, Zhang YW, Ma TT, Lou CR, Lu WF, Zhao Y, Lu Q. Association between single and multiple cardiometabolic diseases and all-cause mortality among Chinese older adults: A prospective, nationwide cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:2570-2578. [PMID: 39098378 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are leading causes of death and disability, but little is known about the additive mortality effects of multiple CMDs. This study aimed to examine the association between single and multiple CMDs and all-cause mortality among older Chinese population. METHODS AND RESULTS Using the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) database, we analyzed data from 2008 to 2018 to assess the relationship between CMDs and mortality. Cox regression models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for single and multiple CMDs. At baseline, 11,351 participants (56.9% female) aged 60 years or older were included. 11.91% of participants had a single CMD, 1.51% had two CMDs, and 0.22% had three CMDs. Over a decade follow-up, 8992 deaths (79.2%) were recorded. A dose-response relationship was observed, with the mortality risk increasing by 17% for each additional disease. The fully-adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.16, 1.36, and 2.03 for one, two, and three CMDs, respectively. Larger effects of single and multiple CMDs were observed in the male group (P = 0.015) and the younger senior group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This large-scale study found that CMDs multiply mortality risks, especially in younger seniors and males. The risk is highest when heart disease and stroke coexist, and diabetes further increases it. Public health efforts should prioritize evidence-based management and prevention of CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Mei-Li Zhao
- Neurology Department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Hong Jiang
- Neurology Department, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yan-Wen Zhang
- Cardiology Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ma
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chun-Rui Lou
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wen-Feng Lu
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Joint Research Centre for Primary Health Care, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 100872, China.
| | - Qi Lu
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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173
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Wang J, Wang J, Wang S, Ma J, Yin L, Guo Y, Li X. Association Between Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score (DAQS) and All-Cause Mortality in Hypertensive Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study from the NHANES Database. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4978-4987. [PMID: 38413467 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between the dietary antioxidant quality scores (DAQS) and all-cause mortality in hypertensive adults. In this retrospective cohort study, participants aged ≥ 18 years with hypertension were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NAHNES) 2007-2018. Outcome was all-cause mortality of hypertensive participants. DAQS was the exposure variable calculated based on the intake of vitamin A, C, E, zinc, selenium, and magnesium. The weighted univariable and multivariable COX proportional hazards regression models were utilized to explore the association between the DAQS and the all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients and were described as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses based on different age, gender, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) history were further assessed this association. A total of 16,240 participants were finally included in this study. Until 12 December 2019, 2710 (16.69%) all-cause deaths were documented. After adjustment for confounding variables, high DAQS was associated with the lower all-cause mortality (HR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.72-0.96) in hypertensive patients. Subgroup analyses suggested that the association between DAQS and the all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients remain robust, especially in patients with female (HR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.63-0.95), aged ≥ 60 years (HR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.69-0.96). High DAQS was associated with the lower odds of all-cause mortality in adults with hypertension and are a promising intervention to be further explored in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Wang
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Health Management, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jinwen Wang
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Health Management, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shuhong Wang
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Health Management, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Affiliated of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Liang Yin
- Beijing Municipal Bureau of Retired Cadre Service, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yijie Guo
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Health Management, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- Smart Sports Innovation Center, China Institute of Sport Science, No. 11, Tiyuguan Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100061, China.
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174
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Yang G, Zhu Y, Shi J, Peng Q, Lin Z, Lv H. Effects of anaerobic treatment on the non-volatile components and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of purple-colored leaf tea. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101649. [PMID: 39139484 PMCID: PMC11321371 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of anaerobic treatment on the non-volatile components and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity in purple-colored leaf tea. Results showed that after 8 h of anaerobic treatment, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content significantly increased from 0.02 mg/g to 1.72 mg/g (p < 0.05), while lactic acid content gradually rose from non-detectable levels to 3.56 mg/g. Notably, certain flavonols like quercetin and myricetin exhibited significant increments, whereas the total anthocyanins (1.01 mg/g) and epigallocatechin-3-(3''-O-methyl) gallate (13.47 mg/g) contents remained almost unchanged. Furthermore, the ACE inhibition rate of purple-colored leaf tea increased significantly from 42.16% to 49.20% (p < 0.05) at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. Moreover, galloylated catechins showed stronger ACE inhibitory activity than non-galloylated catechins in both in vitro ACE inhibitory activity and molecular docking analysis. These findings might contribute to the development of special purple-colored leaf tea products with potential therapy for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaozhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Qunhua Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Haipeng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
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175
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Haider NS, Behera AK. Hybrid method for noise rejection from breath sound using transient artifact reduction algorithm and spectral subtraction. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2024; 69:515-528. [PMID: 38507674 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Computerized breath sound based diagnostic methods are one of the emerging technologies gaining popularity in terms of detecting respiratory disorders. However, the breath sound signal used in such automated systems used to be too noisy, which affects the quality of the diagnostic interpretations. To address this problem, the proposed work presents the new hybrid approach to reject the noises from breath sound. METHODS In this method, 80 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 75 asthmatics and 80 normal breath sounds were recorded from the participants of a hospital. Each of these breath sound data were decontaminated using hybrid method of Butterworth band-pass filter, transient artifact reduction algorithm and spectral subtraction algorithm. The study examined the algorithms noise rejection potential over each category of breath sound by estimating the noise rejection performance metrics, i.e., mean absolute error (MAE), mean square error (MSE), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and signal to noise ratio (SNR). RESULTS Using this algorithm, the study obtained a high value of SNR of 70 dB and that of PSNR of 72 dB. CONCLUSIONS The study could definitely a suitable one to suppress noises and to produce noise free breath sound signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishi Shahnaj Haider
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 154018 Ramaiah Institute of Technology , Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ajoy K Behera
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and TB, 417408 All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Raipur , Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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176
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Fu R, Guo Y, Zhao L, Cheng X, Qin X, Xu W, Zhang Y, Shi R, Zhang Z, Xu S. Buyang huanwu decoction alleviates stroke-induced immunosuppression in MCAO mice by reducing splenic T cell apoptosis triggered by AIM2 inflammasome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118474. [PMID: 38906338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ischemic stroke is a serious disabling and fatal disease that places a heavy burden on the world. Stroke induces a state of systemic immunosuppression that is strongly associated with an increased risk of infection and severe outcomes. Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is an ancient Chinese traditional formula with a good clinical and experimental basis. However, the role of BYHWD on post-stroke immunomodulation, especially immunosuppression, is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of BYHWD to alleviate ischemic stroke by analyzing splenic T cells apoptosis triggered by the AIM2 inflammasome activation cascade. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ischemic stroke model in C57BL/6 J mice was constructed using the MCAO method. The mNSS test and the hanging wire test were conducted to evaluate neurological impairment in mice. Histopathological damage was visualized by Nissl staining and HE staining. The protective effects of BYHWD on the spleen were determined by splenic index and spleen HE staining. The inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome cascade by BYHWD were explored through immunofluorescence (IF), flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Flow cytometry was used to assess the apoptosis of splenic T cells. RESULTS BYHWD significantly reduced infarct size, improved neurological function scores, and alleviated histopathological damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice. At the same time, BYHWD salvaged spleen atrophy. BYHWD significantly ameliorated apoptosis of splenic T lymphocytes. Key proteins and factors in the AIM2/IL-1β/FasL/Fas axis are effectively inhibited from expression after BYHWD treatment. CONCLUSION It is the first study to demonstrate that BYHWD can improve stroke-induced immunosuppression by down-regulating Fas-dependent splenic T-cell apoptosis triggered by peripheral AIM2 inflammasome-driven signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Linna Zhao
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueqi Cheng
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhe Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunsha Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Shi
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijing Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China.
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Rao T, Yang W, Ma X, Jiang X, Jiang S, Xu S. Bergapten attenuates hemorrhagic shock induced multi-organ injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112839. [PMID: 39126737 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Treatment of hemorrhagic shock (HS) induced multi-organ injury remains a challenge. Bergapten (BeG) is a bioactive coumarin-derived compound, and previous articles have suggested that BeG may serve as a prospective therapeutic modality for HS. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of BeG in the treatment of HS and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS In this research, we established a rat model of HS, following which we assessed the protective effects of BeG on HS induced multi-organ injury. Subsequently, we scrutinized the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and pyroptosis in damaged organs. Additionally, we conducted examinations of AMPK and the downstream mitophagy pathway in damaged organs. Finally, we established a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in HK-2 cells to simulate the in vitro HS process. Following AMPK inhibition with compound C, we evaluated the levels of mitophagy and cellular pyroptosis in BeG-treated HK-2 cells subjected to H/R. RESULTS BeG treatment alleviated HS induced multi-organ injury. Subsequent analyses indicated that the therapeutic effects of BeG were related to the attenuation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Additionally, we found BeG treatment stimulated the phosphorylation of AMPK, thereby enhancing mitophagy. Lastly, we found that the inhibition of AMPK in vitro attenuates BeG's enhancement of mitophagy and its suppression of pyroptosis. CONCLUSION Our research indicates that BeG has the potential to alleviate multi-organ injury induced by HS. The protective effect of BeG is likely associated with its promotion of mitophagy through AMPK activation, thereby inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwen Rao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ximei Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangkang Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouyin Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shanxiang Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of The Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Kelly M, Janardhanan J, Wagh C, Verma S, Charles RC, Leung DT, Kamruzzaman M, Pansuriya RK, Chowdhury F, Vann WF, Kaminski RW, Khan AI, Bhuiyan TR, Qadri F, Kováč P, Xu P, Ryan ET. Development of a Shigella conjugate vaccine targeting Shigella flexneri 6 that is immunogenic and provides protection against virulent challenge. Vaccine 2024; 42:126263. [PMID: 39217775 PMCID: PMC11409015 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Immunity protective against shigella infection targets the bacterial O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide. A multivalent shigella vaccine would ideally target the most common global Shigella species and serotypes such as Shigella flexneri 2a, S. flexneri 3a, S. flexneri 6, and S. sonnei. We previously reported development of shigella conjugate vaccines (SCVs) targeting S. flexneri 2a (SCV-Sf2a) and 3a (SCV-Sf3a) using a platform squaric acid chemistry conjugation approach and carrier protein rTTHc, a 52 kDa recombinant protein fragment of the heavy chain of tetanus toxoid. Here we report development of a SCV targeting S. flexneri 6 (SCV-Sf6) using the same platform approach. We demonstrated that SCV-Sf6 was recognized by serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies and convalescent sera of humans recovering from shigellosis in Bangladesh, suggesting correct immunological display of OSP. We vaccinated mice and found induction of serotype-specific OSP and LPS IgG and IgM responses, as well as rTTHc-specific IgG responses. Immune responses were increased when administered with aluminum phosphate adjuvant. Vaccination induced bactericidal antibody responses against S. flexneri 6, and vaccinated animals were protected against lethal challenge with virulent S. flexneri 6. Our results assist in the development of a multivalent vaccine protective against shigellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan Kelly
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jeshina Janardhanan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Chanchal Wagh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Smriti Verma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Richelle C Charles
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel T Leung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Mohammad Kamruzzaman
- icddr,b (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Fahima Chowdhury
- icddr,b (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Willie F Vann
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | | | - Ashraful Islam Khan
- icddr,b (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan
- icddr,b (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- icddr,b (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Pavol Kováč
- NIDDK, LBC, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Peng Xu
- NIDDK, LBC, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Edward T Ryan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Huo S, Rivier CA, Clocchiatti-Tuozzo S, Renedo D, Sunmonu NA, de Havenon A, Sarpong DF, Rosendale N, Sheth KN, Falcone GJ. Brain Health Outcomes in Sexual and Gender Minority Groups: Results From the All of Us Research Program. Neurology 2024; 103:e209863. [PMID: 39321407 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sexual and gender minority (SGM) groups have been historically underrepresented in neurologic research, and their brain health disparities are unknown. We aim to evaluate whether SGM persons are at higher risk of adverse brain health outcomes compared with cisgender straight (non-SGM) individuals. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in the All of Us Research Program, a US population-based study, including all participants with information on gender identity and sexual orientation. We used baseline questionnaires to identify sexual minority (lesbian, gay, bisexual, diverse sexual orientation; nonstraight sexual orientation) and gender minority (gender diverse and transgender; gender identity different from sex assigned at birth) participants. The primary outcome was a composite of stroke, dementia, and late-life depression, assessed using electronic health record data and self-report. Secondarily, we evaluated each disease separately. Furthermore, we evaluated all subgroups of gender and sexual minorities stratified by sex assigned at birth. We used multivariable logistic regression (adjusted for age, sex assigned at birth, race/ethnicity, cardiovascular risk factors, other relevant comorbidities, and neighborhood deprivation index) to assess the relationship between SGM groups and the outcomes. RESULTS Of 413,457 US adults enrolled between May 31, 2017, and June 30, 2022, we included 393,041 participants with available information on sexual orientation and gender identity (mean age 51 [SD 17] years), of whom 39,632 (10%) belonged to SGM groups. Of them, 38,528 (97%) belonged to a sexual minority and 4,431 (11%) to a gender minority. Compared with non-SGM, SGM persons had 15% higher odds of the brain health composite outcome (odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 95% CI 1.08-1.22). In secondary analyses, these results persisted across sexual and gender minorities separately (all 95% CIs > 1). Assessing individual diseases, all SGM groups had higher odds of dementia (SGM vs non-SGM: OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.29) and late-life depression (SGM vs non-SGM: OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.17-1.38) and transgender women had higher odds of stroke (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.04-2.70). DISCUSSION In a large US population study, SGM persons had higher odds of adverse brain health outcomes. Further research should explore structural causes of inequity to advance inclusive and diverse neurologic care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufan Huo
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Cyprien A Rivier
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Santiago Clocchiatti-Tuozzo
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Daniela Renedo
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - N Abimbola Sunmonu
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Adam de Havenon
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Daniel F Sarpong
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Nicole Rosendale
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Kevin N Sheth
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Guido J Falcone
- From the Department of Neurology (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., N.A.S., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health (S.H., C.A.R., S.C.-T., D.R., A.d.H., K.N.S., G.J.F.), Department of Internal Medicine (S.C.-T.), Department of Neurosurgery (D.R.), and Office of Health Equity Research (D.F.S.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Weill Institute for Neurosciences (N.R.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
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180
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Cui Y, Yang G, Li H, Sun J, Liu X, Xia X. Reduced expression of NUPR1 alleviates epilepsy progression via attenuating ER stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150365. [PMID: 38996786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurring seizures. It is necessary to further understand the mechanisms of epilepsy in order to develop novel strategies for its prevention and treatment. Abnormal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) activation is related to the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Nuclear protein 1, transcriptional regulator (NUPR1) is involved in ERS and it might play a role in epilepsy progression. In the present study, we generated an epileptic mouse model using pilocarpine induction. After 72 h of pilocarpine treatment, the expression of NUPR1 was increased in epileptic mice. Furthermore, NUPR1 knockdown reduced the number of spontaneous recurrent seizures and alleviated hippocampal damage in these mice. Interestingly, NUPR1 knockdown also reduced the protein expression levels of LC3, PINK1, and Parkin in the mitochondria, and decreased the PINK1 expression in hippocampus. Additionally, the expression of ERS-related proteins-cleaved caspase-12, ATF4, and CHOP-decreased in epileptic mice following NUPR1 knockdown. In vitro experiments showed that the absence of NUPR1 reduced the expression of ATF4, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12 in hippocampal neurons and inhibited the neuron apoptosis. In all, our study suggested that NUPR1 maybe a potential molecular target for epilepsy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianying Sun
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohan Xia
- Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China
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181
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Rontogianni MO, Gill D, Bouras E, Asimakopoulos AG, Tzoulaki I, Karhunen V, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari O, Wielscher M, Salomaa V, Jalkanen S, Salmi M, Timonen M, Yarmolinsky J, Chen J, Tobin MD, Izquierdo AG, Herzig KH, Ioannides AE, Jarvelin MR, Dehghan A, Tsilidis KK. Association of inflammatory cytokines with lung function, chronic lung diseases, and COVID-19. iScience 2024; 27:110704. [PMID: 39319267 PMCID: PMC11417323 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of 35 inflammatory cytokines on respiratory outcomes, including COVID-19, asthma (atopic and non-atopic), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary function indices, using Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses. The emerging associations were further explored using observational analyses in the UK Biobank. We found an inverse association between genetically predicted macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 with risk of COVID-19 outcomes. sICAM was positively associated with atopic asthma risk, whereas tumor necrosis factor-alfa showed an inverse association. A positive association was shown between interleukin-18 and COPD risk (replicated in observational analysis), whereas an inverse association was shown for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). IL-1ra and monocyte chemotactic protein-3 were positively associated with lung function indices, whereas inverse associations were shown for MCSF and interleukin-18 (replicated in observational analysis). Our results point to these cytokines as potential pharmacological targets for respiratory traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina O. Rontogianni
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matthias Wielscher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Fiagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Fiagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Timonen
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center (MRC) and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - James Yarmolinsky
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jing Chen
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Martin D. Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Medical Research Center (MRC) and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Pediatric Institute, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anne E. Ioannides
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, UK
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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182
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Yu C, Shi Y, Zhao P, Wang T, Zhu L, Zhou W, Bao H, Cheng X. Effectiveness of integrated management on hypertension and mortality in rural China: A CHHRS study. iScience 2024; 27:110865. [PMID: 39319266 PMCID: PMC11417325 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate whether an integrated management (IM) model led by public healthcare providers is effective in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific and all-cause mortality rates in low-income rural populations with hypertension. The study recruited 14,234 patients with hypertension aged 18 years or older and allocated them to either an IM group or a usual care (UC) group. During a median follow-up of 48.0 months, the incidences of CVD-specific and all-cause deaths were lower in the IM group than in the UC group. The hazard ratios for CVD-specific mortality and all-cause mortality among patients in the IM group were 0.60 and 0.62, respectively. The results showed that the IM model led by public health providers resulted in clinically significant reductions in CVD-specific and all-cause mortality rates in low-income rural populations with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peixu Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huihui Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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183
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Luo X, Ding Y, Cao Y, Liu Z, Zhang W, Zeng S, Cheng SH, Li H, Haggarty SJ, Wang X, Zhang J, Shi P. Few-shot meta-learning applied to whole brain activity maps improves systems neuropharmacology and drug discovery. iScience 2024; 27:110875. [PMID: 39319265 PMCID: PMC11419810 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present an approach to neuropharmacological research by integrating few-shot meta-learning algorithms with brain activity mapping (BAMing) to enhance the discovery of central nervous system (CNS) therapeutics. By utilizing patterns from previously validated CNS drugs, our approach facilitates the rapid identification and prediction of potential drug candidates from limited datasets, thereby accelerating the drug discovery process. The application of few-shot meta-learning algorithms allows us to adeptly navigate the challenges of limited sample sizes prevalent in neuropharmacology. The study reveals that our meta-learning-based convolutional neural network (Meta-CNN) models demonstrate enhanced stability and improved prediction accuracy over traditional machine-learning methods. Moreover, our BAM library proves instrumental in classifying CNS drugs and aiding in pharmaceutical repurposing and repositioning. Overall, this research not only demonstrates the effectiveness in overcoming data limitations but also highlights the significant potential of combining BAM with advanced meta-learning techniques in CNS drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Mathematics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yanyun Ding
- National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenchong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shangzhi Zeng
- National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shuk Han Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Stephen J. Haggarty
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Mathematics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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184
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Yu Y, Huang Q, Ren Z, Ou Z. The Association Between Social Isolation and Medication Adherence Among Chinese Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: Serial Mediation of Social Support and Loneliness. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:670-678. [PMID: 39158009 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication adherence is essential for chronic disease management among older adults. Previous studies have shown significant links among social isolation, social support, loneliness, and medication adherence, yet most were based on cross-sectional designs. PURPOSE We conducted a longitudinal cohort study among Chinese older adults with chronic diseases to explore the mediating effects of social support and loneliness in the association between social isolation and medication adherence. METHODS This study followed a cohort of 797 older adults with chronic diseases in China from 2022 to 2023. The serial mediation model was examined via bootstrapping techniques to evaluate the mediating effect of social support and loneliness in the association between social isolation and medication adherence. RESULTS From baseline to follow-up, there were significant decreases in social support (from 26.6 ± 6.2 to 23.5 ± 6.7) and medication adherence (from 6.7 ± 1.2 to 6.0 ± 1.5) and significant increases in social isolation (from 1.8 ± 1.3 to 2.5 ± 1.4) and loneliness (13.2 ± 4.1 to 23.5 ± 6.7), all with p < .001. A serial mediation model was confirmed, where social support and loneliness serially and partially mediated the association between social isolation and medication adherence (total effect c = -0.216, 95% CI = -0.296 to -0.136; direct effect c' = -0.094, 95% CI = -0.171 to -0.017; total indirect effect ab = -0.122, 95% CI = -0.179 to -0.070). CONCLUSIONS Our findings yield critical insights into the relationship between social isolation and medication adherence through various mediating mechanisms. These findings hold significant implications for devising psychosocial interventions to enhance medication adherence among older adults with chronic diseases, underscoring the pivotal role of bolstering social support and alleviating loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yu
- Department of Public Administration, School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Qianyue Huang
- Department of Public Administration, School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Public Administration, School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiwen Ou
- School of Marxism, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
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185
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Kirwa K, Gassett AJ, Sack C, Paulin LM, Pirozzi CS, Barr RG, Woodruff PG, Han M, Wilgus ML, Barjaktarevic I, Peters S, Hansel NN, Kaufman JD. Estimating ambient air pollutant concentrations outside and inside homes in the Subpopulations and Intermediate outcomes in COPD air pollution (SPIROMICS air) cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119512. [PMID: 38964581 PMCID: PMC11365799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valid, high-resolution estimates of population-level exposure to air pollutants are necessary for accurate estimation of the association between air pollution and the occurrence or exacerbation of adverse health outcomes such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES We produced fine-scale individual-level estimates of ambient concentrations of multiple air pollutants (fine particulate matter [PM2.5], NOX, NO2, and O3) at residences of participants in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcomes in COPD Air Pollution (SPIROMICS Air) study, located in seven regions in the US. For PM2.5, we additionally integrated modeled estimates of particulate infiltration based on home characteristics and measured total indoor concentrations to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels. METHODS To estimate ambient concentrations, we used a hierarchical high-resolution spatiotemporal model that integrates hundreds of geographic covariates and pollutant measurements from regulatory and study-specific monitors, including ones located at participant residences. We modeled infiltration efficiency based on data on house characteristics, home heating and cooling practices, indoor smoke and combustion sources, meteorological factors, and paired indoor-outdoor pollutant measurements, among other indicators. RESULTS Cross-validated prediction accuracy (R2) for models of ambient concentrations was above 0.80 for most regions and pollutants. Particulate matter infiltration efficiency varied by region, from 0.51 in Winston-Salem to 0.72 in Los Angeles, and ambient-source particles constituted a substantial fraction of total indoor PM2.5. CONCLUSION Leveraging well-validated fine-scale approaches for estimating outdoor, ambient-source indoor, and total indoor pollutant concentrations, we can provide comprehensive estimates of short and long-term exposure levels for cohorts undergoing follow-up in multiple different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kipruto Kirwa
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Amanda J Gassett
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Coralynn Sack
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura M Paulin
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Cheryl S Pirozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - MeiLan Han
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - May-Lin Wilgus
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Igor Barjaktarevic
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Peters
- Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Epidemiology, and Medicine, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
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186
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Li X, Zhu Y, Yan T, Fang J, Xu X, Xu X. Association between C-reactive protein, Life's Essential 8, and mortality in American adults: Insights from NHANES 2005-2010 data analysis. Exp Gerontol 2024; 196:112590. [PMID: 39307250 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the independent, mediating, interactive, and associated effects of C-reactive protein (CRP) and Life's Essential 8 (LE8) on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. METHODS Utilizing data from 10,043 participants in the NHANES 2005-2010, we employed Cox proportional hazards regression models and causal mediation analysis to investigate the joint and interactive effects of Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and C-reactive protein (CRP) on mortality risk. RESULTS During an average follow-up of 137.10 months, there were 1591 all-cause deaths and 485 cardiovascular deaths. Weighted linear regression showed that for patients with low cardiovascular health (CVH), the adjusted β was -0.22 (95 % CI: -0.27 to -0.17) for moderate cardiovascular health (CVH) and -0.36 (95 % CI: -0.43 to -0.30) for high cardiovascular health (CVH). Mediation analysis revealed that C-reactive protein (CRP) mediated 10.43 % of all-cause mortality and 9.20 % of cardiovascular mortality for moderate cardiovascular health (CVH) compared to low cardiovascular health (CVH), and 9.95 % and 8.32 % respectively for high cardiovascular health (CVH) compared to low cardiovascular health (CVH). No significant multiplicative or additive interactions between Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were found in all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality. Individuals with high cardiovascular health (CVH) and the first quartile of C-reactive protein (CRP) had HRs of 0.30 (95 % CI 0.18-0.48) for all-cause mortality and 0.31 (95 % CI 0.13-0.74) for cardiovascular mortality compared to those with low cardiovascular health (CVH) and the fourth quartile of C-reactive protein (CRP). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that CRP could significantly influence the relationship between cardiovascular health (CVH) and mortality. Interventions that target both lifestyle factors and CRP levels may improve cardiovascular health and potentially lower mortality risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The People's Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou 247100, China
| | - Yongxin Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The People's Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou 247100, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The People's Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou 247100, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The People's Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou 247100, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The People's Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou 247100, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The People's Hospital of Chizhou, Chizhou 247100, China.
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187
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Wang W, Zhou E, Nie Z, Deng Z, Gong Q, Ma S, Kang L, Yao L, Cheng J, Liu Z. Exploring mechanisms of anhedonia in depression through neuroimaging and data-driven approaches. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:409-419. [PMID: 39038623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia is a core symptom of depression that is closely related to prognosis and treatment outcomes. However, accurate and efficient treatments for anhedonia are lacking, mandating a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A total of 303 patients diagnosed with depression and anhedonia were assessed by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patients were categorized into a low-anhedonia group and a high-anhedonia group using the K-means algorithm. A data-driven approach was used to explore the differences in brain structure and function with different degrees of anhedonia based on MATLAB. A random forest model was used exploratorily to test the predictive ability of differences in brain structure and function on anhedonia in depression. RESULTS Structural and functional differences were apparent in several brain regions of patients with depression and high-level anhedonia, including in the temporal lobe, paracingulate gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, right insular gyrus, and superior parietal lobule. And changes in these brain regions were significantly correlated with scores of SHAPS. CONCLUSIONS These brain regions may be useful as biomarkers that provide a more objective assessment of anhedonia in depression, laying the foundation for precision medicine in this treatment-resistant, relatively poor prognosis group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Enqi Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaowen Nie
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zipeng Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Simeng Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lihua Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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188
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Lorca R, Aparicio A, Gutiérrez L, Álvarez-Velasco R, González-Urbistondo F, Pascual I, Gómez J, Vazquez-Coto D, Garcia-Lago C, Avanzas P, Coto E. PCSK9 gene variations in the clinical setting of premature cardiovascular disease: A critical appraisal. Int J Cardiol 2024; 413:132402. [PMID: 39074621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Information about PCSK9 gene variations and its association with cardiovascular (CV) disease is controversial. We aimed to evaluate 3 reported polymorphisms in PSCK9 in a cohort of young patients with myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI). METHODS Retrospective study of consecutive patients with premature STEMI (2018-2023). 216 patients with STEMI due atherothrombotic coronary artery disease (CAD), confirmed by coronary angiogram, were included. We genotyped 3 polymorphisms in PCSK9 (rs12117661, rs2483205, rs505151) in 207 patients (DNA unavailable in 9) and a control group (N = 200). RESULTS Mean age 49.4 ± 6,6 years (82.4% men). Genotypes frequencies distribution in patient's and control's cohorts did not deviate from the expected by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and there were no significant differences between patients and controls. Among patients, we did not find any association between PSCK9 genotypes and clinical variables (gender, age, CV risk factors, cholesterol levels, family history of premature CAD or number of coronary arteries affected). CONCLUSION We did not find any association between PSCK9 genotypes (RS12117661, RS2483205 and RS505151) and any CV risk factors or the extent of CAD in a cohort of patients with premature STEMI. There were not differences in the genotype distribution between patients and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Lorca
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORs), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andrea Aparicio
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Gutiérrez
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rut Álvarez-Velasco
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francisco González-Urbistondo
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Isaac Pascual
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Gómez
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORs), 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Vazquez-Coto
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Claudia Garcia-Lago
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Avanzas
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORs), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Hu C, Ding L, Peng K. Global burden of major depressive disorders attributable to intimate partner violence against women: Magnitude, temporal trends, and regional inequalities. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:182-191. [PMID: 39025448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends, spatial heterogeneities, and potential improvements in the burden of major depressive disorders (MDD) attributable to intimate partner violence (IPV) against women across 21 global burden of disease (GBD) regions, and 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. METHODS We evaluated the burden of MDD attributable to IPV against women, as measured in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per 100,000 people across 21 GBD regions and 204 GBD countries and territories, using data from the 2019 GBD Study. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) of the DALY age-standardized rates (ASRs) was used to reflect trends over time. LOESS and quantile regression were used to model the relationship between the five GBD sociodemographic index (SDI) categories and DALY ASRs. Frontier analysis determined the minimum achievable DALY ASR associated with developmental status, as measured by the SDI. RESULTS The overall AAPC in age-standardized DALY rates for MDD attributable to IPV declined globally between 1990 and 2019. Despite the overall global decline (AAPC -0.08 [95 % UI -0.2, 0.03]), certain GBD regions, particularly high-income North America and Central Latin America, have experienced increases in DALY ASRs. The relationship between SDI and MDD burden showed a U-shaped variability, with low-SDI regions consistently exhibiting higher and stable DALY rates. Frontier analysis revealed that several countries, regardless of their SDI, have substantial gaps between observed and potentially achievable DALY rates, indicating areas for targeted intervention to reduce the burden of MDD due to IPV. CONCLUSIONS Significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity in MDD due to IPV was observed globally from 1990 to 2019, highlighting the substantial potential for improvement in various countries. Protective measures should be customized to suit the unique cultural contexts, developmental statuses, and regional disparities of each country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxi Hu
- Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ding
- Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiping Peng
- Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Müller S, Lieb K, Streit F, Awasthi S, Wagner S, Frank J, Müller MB, Tadic A, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Hoffmann P, Mavarani L, Schmidt B, Rietschel M, Witt SH, Zillich L, Engelmann J. Common polygenic variation in the early medication change (EMC) cohort affects disorder risk, but not the antidepressant treatment response. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:542-551. [PMID: 39038621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the great interest in identifying reliable predictors of the response to antidepressant drugs, the present study investigated whether polygenic scores (PGS) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and antidepressant treatment response (ADR) were related to the complex trait of antidepressant response in the Early Medication Change (EMC) cohort. METHODS In this secondary analysis of the EMC trial (N = 889), 481 MDD patients were included and compared to controls from a population-based cohort. Patients were treated over eight weeks within a pre-defined treatment-algorithm. We investigated patients' genetic variation associated with MDD and ADR, using PGS and examined the association of PGS with treatment outcomes (early improvement, response, remission). Additionally, the influence of two cytochrome P450 drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP2C19, CYP2D6) was determined. RESULTS PGS for MDD was significantly associated with disorder status (NkR2 = 2.48 %, p < 1*10-12), with higher genetic burden in EMC patients compared to controls. The PGS for ADR did not explain remission status. The PGS for MDD and ADR were also not associated with treatment outcomes. In addition, there were no effects of common CYP450 gene variants on ADR. LIMITATIONS The study was limited by variability in the outcome parameters due to differences in treatment and insufficient sample size in the used ADR genome-wide association study (GWAS). CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms a polygenic contribution to MDD burden in the EMC patients. Larger GWAS with homogeneity in antidepressant treatments are needed to explore the genetic variation associated with ADR and realize the potential of PGS to contribute to specific response subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Müller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg/Ulm, Germany.
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg/Ulm, Germany; Hector Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry (HITKIP), Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Swapnil Awasthi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - André Tadic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, DR. FONTHEIM Mentale Gesundheit, Liebenburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laven Mavarani
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg/Ulm, Germany
| | - Lea Zillich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg/Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Engelmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
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191
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Zhu XF, Mo YT, Hu YQ, Feng YX, Liu EH. Association between single-point insulin sensitivity estimator and heart failure in older adults: A cross-sectional study. Exp Gerontol 2024; 196:112578. [PMID: 39245081 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a condition caused by a malfunction of the heart's pumping function. The single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) index is a novel indicator for assessing insulin resistance in humans. However, the connection between the SPISE index and the risk of HF in the elderly is unknown. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate the connection between the SPISE index and HF in older adults. METHODS The study was based on data collected from the 1999-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database and included 6165 participants aged ≥60 years. The multivariable linear regression model and the smooth fitting curve model were applied to investigate the connection between the SPISE index and HF in the elderly. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the interactive factors. RESULTS In this study, the mean age of the population was 69.38 years. After adjusting for all covariates, we observed that the SPISE index was inversely related to the prevalence of HF (OR = 0.87, 95 % CI = 0.80-0.94, P < 0.001) in older adults. The interaction analysis showed that the association might be affected by diabetes mellitus and smoking status. Additionally, an inflection point between the SPISE index and HF was found among older women. CONCLUSIONS An inverse correlation was detected between the SPISE index and HF in the elderly. This could provide new insight into the prevention and management of HF in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Nanshan School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Ye-Tong Mo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yu-Qi Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yu-Xue Feng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - En-Hui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
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Oumeddour DZ, Al-Dalali S, Zhao L, Zhao L, Wang C. Recent advances on cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in preventing obesity-related metabolic disorders: A comprehensive review. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 729:150344. [PMID: 38976946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, found in various pigmented plants as secondary metabolites, represent a class of dietary polyphenols known for their bioactive properties, demonstrating health-promoting effects against several chronic diseases. Among these, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is one of the most prevalent types of anthocyanins. Upon consumption, C3G undergoes phases I and II metabolism by oral epithelial cells, absorption in the gastric epithelium, and gut transformation (phase II & microbial metabolism), with limited amounts reaching the bloodstream. Obesity, characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, is a global health concern associated with heightened risks of disability, illness, and mortality. This comprehensive review delves into the biodegradation and absorption dynamics of C3G within the gastrointestinal tract. It meticulously examines the latest research findings, drawn from in vitro and in vivo models, presenting evidence underlining C3G's bioactivity. Notably, C3G has demonstrated significant efficacy in combating obesity, by regulating lipid metabolism, specifically decreasing lipid synthesis, increasing fatty acid oxidation, and reducing lipid accumulation. Additionally, C3G enhances energy homeostasis by boosting energy expenditure, promoting the activity of brown adipose tissue, and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, C3G shows potential in managing various prevalent obesity-related conditions. These include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and hypertension through the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enhancement of endogenous antioxidant enzyme levels, and inhibition of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and by exercising its cardioprotective and vascular effects by decreasing pulmonary artery thickness and systolic pressure which enhances vascular relaxation and angiogenesis. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR) are also managed by reducing gluconeogenesis via AMPK pathway activation, promoting autophagy, protecting pancreatic β-cells from oxidative stress and enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Additionally, C3G improves insulin sensitivity by upregulating GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 expression and regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. C3G exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and shifting macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. C3G demonstrates antioxidative effects by enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, reducing ROS production, and activating the Nrf2/AMPK signaling pathway. Moreover, these mechanisms also contribute to attenuating inflammatory bowel disease and regulating gut microbiota by decreasing Firmicutes and increasing Bacteroidetes abundance, restoring colon length, and reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines. The therapeutic potential of C3G extends beyond metabolic disorders; it has also been found effective in managing specific cancer types and neurodegenerative disorders. The findings of this research can provide an important reference for future investigations that seek to improve human health through the use of naturally occurring bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounya Zad Oumeddour
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Sam Al-Dalali
- School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, 541006, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb, 70270, Yemen.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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193
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Carroll WM, Grisold W. World Federation of Neurology Needs Registry Survey 2021. J Neurol Sci 2024; 465:123124. [PMID: 39236412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The WFN Needs Registry survey was developed and conducted over two and a half years commencing in 2020 to investigate the accessibility and affordability of neurological services and therapeutics and the most urgent needs. METHOD An experienced neurologist responded in each of 118 societies to an online electronic survey comprising 13 questions. General data sought comprised the respondent's training, place of practice, duration in practice, number of neurologists in the society, health care system and types of neurological practice available. Specific data collected comprised neurological facilities, specialist services available, resources, therapeutics accessibility, challenges and three most urgent needs. RESULTS Responding neurologists spent a median of 26 years in practice and represented a median of 225 neurologists per society. Of 13 classes of neuromedicines deemed readily available to 70% of the population, 41 societies listed ≥1 and 14 societies ≥3 unavailable. The three most frequent unavailable neuromedicines were second level AEDs, Dopamine agonists and MS DMTs. Of 14 neurological services, 15 societies had all services accessible and affordable, 13 had none and 72 had ≥1 services either inaccessible or unaffordable. EEG, Epilepsy, Headache and EMG services were most available; Neurogenetics, Neuropsychology, Neurorehabilitation and Neurodevelopmental services were least available. Of 13 specified challenges, lack of subspecialists and specialty centers were both identified by 61% of societies followed by costs of neurological care, neuromedicines availability and stigma. Ten societies had no challenges. CONCLUSION A unique insight into the inequities of neurological care globally and a potential tool to assist their remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Carroll
- World Federation of Neurology, Chester House, 83 Fulham High St, London SW6 3JA, London, UK; Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth, Western Australia, 6009, University of Western Australia, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders Perron Institute, 8 Verdun St. Nedlands WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Wolfgang Grisold
- World Federation of Neurology, Chester House, 83 Fulham High St, London SW6 3JA, London, UK; Medical University of Vienna, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental und Clinical Traumatology Donaueschingenstraße, 13 A-1200 Wien, Austria.
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194
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Matcham F, Carr E, Meyer N, White KM, Oetzmann C, Leightley D, Lamers F, Siddi S, Cummins N, Annas P, de Girolamo G, Haro JM, Lavelle G, Li Q, Lombardini F, Mohr DC, Narayan VA, Penninx BWHJ, Coromina M, Riquelme Alacid G, Simblett SK, Nica R, Wykes T, Brasen JC, Myin-Germeys I, Dobson RJB, Folarin AA, Ranjan Y, Rashid Z, Dineley J, Vairavan S, Hotopf M. The relationship between wearable-derived sleep features and relapse in Major Depressive Disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:90-98. [PMID: 39038618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in sleep and circadian function are leading candidate markers for the detection of relapse in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Consumer-grade wearable devices may enable remote and real-time examination of dynamic changes in sleep. Fitbit data from individuals with recurrent MDD were used to describe the longitudinal effects of sleep duration, quality, and regularity on subsequent depression relapse and severity. METHODS Data were collected as part of a longitudinal observational mobile Health (mHealth) cohort study in people with recurrent MDD. Participants wore a Fitbit device and completed regular outcome assessments via email for a median follow-up of 541 days. We used multivariable regression models to test the effects of sleep features on depression outcomes. We considered respondents with at least one assessment of relapse (n = 218) or at least one assessment of depression severity (n = 393). RESULTS Increased intra-individual variability in total sleep time, greater sleep fragmentation, lower sleep efficiency, and more variable sleep midpoints were associated with worse depression outcomes. Adjusted Population Attributable Fractions suggested that an intervention to increase sleep consistency in adults with MDD could reduce the population risk for depression relapse by up to 22 %. LIMITATIONS Limitations include a potentially underpowered primary outcome due to the smaller number of relapses identified than expected. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a role for consumer-grade activity trackers in estimating relapse risk and depression severity in people with recurrent MDD. Variability in sleep duration and midpoint may be useful targets for stratified interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Matcham
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - E Carr
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - N Meyer
- Insomnia and Behavioural Sleep Medicine Clinic, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K M White
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C Oetzmann
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Leightley
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació San Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Cummins
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Annas
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - G de Girolamo
- IRCCS Instituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - J M Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació San Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Lavelle
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Q Li
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - F Lombardini
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació San Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D C Mohr
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Department of Preventative Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - V A Narayan
- Davos Alzheimer's Collaborative, Wayne, PA, USA
| | - B W H J Penninx
- Insomnia and Behavioural Sleep Medicine Clinic, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Coromina
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació San Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Riquelme Alacid
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació San Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S K Simblett
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Nica
- RADAR-CNS Patient Advisory Board
| | - T Wykes
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - I Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R J B Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A A Folarin
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Y Ranjan
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Z Rashid
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Dineley
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Vairavan
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - M Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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195
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Zhang W, Kong M, Jiang Y, Gan Q, Wei J, Zhang Q, Wang J, Shen J, Wu S. Ambient air pollutants exposure during gestation and incidence risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy or preeclampsia in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 359:124722. [PMID: 39147229 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The relationships between the exposure to ambient air pollutants during gestation and the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs) or preeclampsia are contradictory. This prospective cohort study enrolled the participants between January 2020 and December 2021 from the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The exposure to ambient air pollutants and daily temperatures were obtained from the ChinaHighAirPollutants dataset and the Big Earth Data Platform for Three Poles, respectively. Logistic regression models were used as single- and two-pollutant models. Restricted cubic splines were applied to each ambient air pollutant exposure to further evaluate the exposure-response relationships. Quantile G-computation approaches were employed to evaluate the cumulative impact of mixed ambient air pollutants on the incidence risk HDPs and preeclampsia. Among 19,325 participants (median age: 30.2 years), 1669 (8.64%) were diagnosed with HDPs and 180 (0.94%) with preeclampsia. While mostly null risk estimates were observed, exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 correlated with a decreased incidence risk for HDPs and preeclampsia during most gestational periods. Additionally, our multi-pollutant model presented that an increase by one quartile in the cumulative effect of ambient air pollutants was associated with a significantly decreased incidence risk for HDPs in the trimester before gestation and in the third trimester during gestation, as well as for preeclampsia in the third trimester during gestation. These findings warrant further investigation into the mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhang
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minghao Kong
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Gan
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, USA
| | - Qing Zhang
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijie Wu
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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196
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Wu Y, Su B, Zhong P, Zhao Y, Chen C, Zheng X. Association between chronic disease status and transitions in depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Chinese population: Insights from a Markov model-based cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:445-455. [PMID: 39032710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between chronic disease status (CDS) and transitions in depressive symptoms (DS) remains unclear. This study explores the association between CDS and DS transitions. METHODS This cohort study analyzed data from 8175 participants aged 45+, sourced from China Family Panel Studies (2016, 2018, 2020). DS were assessed using a brief version of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). CDS was categorized into healthy, single disease, and multimorbidity. Markov models were used to estimate state transition intensities, mean sojourn times and hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS DS transitions occurred between adjacent and non-adjacent states, but transition intensity between adjacent states was higher than among non-adjacent states. Self-transition intensities of severe-DS, mild-DS, and non-DS progressively increased, with average durations of 1.365, 1.482, and 7.854 years, respectively. Both single disease and multimorbidity were significantly associated with an increased risk of transitioning from non-DS to mild-DS, with multimorbidity showing a stronger association. In contrast, HRs for single diseases transitioning from mild-DS to severe-DS were significantly lower than 1. Furthermore, their HRs were almost <1 in recovery transitions but not statistically significant. LIMITATIONS Specific chronic diseases and their combinations were not analyzed. CONCLUSIONS The progression of DS exhibits various pathways. CDS is associated with DS transitions, but the roles of single disease and multimorbidity may differ across different DS progression stages. Both conditions were significantly linked to the risk of new-onset DS, with multimorbidity posing a greater association. However, this relationship is not observed in other progression stages. These findings could provide insights for early prevention and intervention for DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Population Health and Aging Science, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Road 3rd, Bei-Ji-Ge, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Binbin Su
- Department of Population Health and Aging Science, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Road 3rd, Bei-Ji-Ge, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Panliang Zhong
- Department of Population Health and Aging Science, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Road 3rd, Bei-Ji-Ge, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yihao Zhao
- Department of Population Health and Aging Science, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Road 3rd, Bei-Ji-Ge, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Population Health and Aging Science, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Road 3rd, Bei-Ji-Ge, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Department of Population Health and Aging Science, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Road 3rd, Bei-Ji-Ge, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China; APEC Health Science Academy, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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197
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Qie R, Huang H, Sun P, Bi X, Chen Y, Liu Z, Chen Q, Zhang S, Liu Y, Wei J, Chen M, Zhong J, Qi Z, Yao F, Gao L, Yu H, Liu F, Zhao Y, Chen B, Wei X, Qin S, Du Y, Zhou G, Yu F, Ba Y, Shang T, Zhang Y, Zheng S, Xie D, Chen X, Liu X, Zhu C, Wu W, Feng Y, Wang Y, Xie Y, Hu Z, Wu M, Yan Q, Zou K, Zhang Y. Combined healthy lifestyles and risk of depressive symptoms: A baseline survey in China. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:152-160. [PMID: 39038619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little evidence exists about whether a combination of healthy lifestyle factors is associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms among Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between combined healthy lifestyle factors and risk of depressive symptoms. METHODS We conducted a baseline survey from July 2021 to December 2023, including 53,642 Chinese adults from general population. A healthy lifestyle score was constructed based on six lifestyle factors (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, diet, sleep duration, and body mass index). Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for confounding variables. RESULTS Each additional healthy lifestyle score was associated with a 20 % lower risk of having depressive symptoms (OR (95 % CI): 0.80 (0.78-0.81)). Compared with individuals with ≤2 healthy lifestyle factors, individuals with all the six healthy lifestyle factors had a 58 % reduced risk of having depressive symptoms (0.42 (0.37-0.47)). After stratification by gender, education and urbanization, the significant inverse association with healthy lifestyle score was stronger in women, individuals with high education, and urban residents. Besides, the significant negative association between healthy lifestyle score and depressive symptoms remained for different severity of depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS Given the cross-sectional nature of data, we cannot make causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that adherence to healthy lifestyle factors was associated with a reduced risk of having depressive symptoms among Chinese adults. The observed associations were modified by gender, education and urbanization. These findings warrant further verification in interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Qie
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyuan Sun
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Bi
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingtai Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shaokai Zhang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiankun Wei
- Dongguan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaochang Chen
- Dongguan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieying Zhong
- Dongguan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yao
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huanling Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Baozhong Chen
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shasha Qin
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhui Du
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue Ba
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingting Shang
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yaqun Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- Genertec Medical Cheng Fei Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- Genertec Medical Cheng Fei Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Genertec Medical Cheng Fei Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yongliang Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuting Xie
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuolun Hu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyao Wu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyong Zou
- Office for Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Sun M, Sun Q, Li T, Ren X, Xu Q, Sun Z, Duan J. Silica nanoparticles induce liver lipid metabolism disorder via ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 359:124590. [PMID: 39043312 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The disease burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. Emerging evidence has revealed that silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) could disorder the liver lipid metabolism and cause hepatotoxicity, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the molecular mechanism of hepatic lipid metabolism disorder caused by SiNPs, and to reveal the role of ferroptosis in SiNPs-induced hepatotoxicity. To explore the phenotypic changes in liver, the wild-type C57BL/6J mice were exposed to different doses of SiNPs (5, 10, 20 mg/kg·bw) with or without melatonin (20 mg/kg·bw). SiNPs accelerated hepatic oxidative stress and promoted pathological injury and lipid accumulation, resulting in NAFLD development. Melatonin significantly inhibited the oxidative damage caused by SiNPs. Then, the hepatocytes were treated with SiNPs, the ferroptosis inducer and inhibitor, respectively. In vitro, SiNPs (25 μg/mL) generated mitochondrial and intracellular Fe2+ accumulation and lipid peroxidation repair ability impairment, decreased the activity of GPX4 through ACSL4/p38 MAPK signaling pathway, resulting in ferroptosis of hepatocytes. Notably, Erastin (the ferroptosis activator, 5 μM) increased the sensitivity of hepatocytes to ferroptosis. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1, the ferroptosis inhibitor, 5 μM) restored GPX4 activity and protected against deterioration of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) to salvage SiNPs-induced cytotoxicity. Finally, the liver tissue conditional ACSL4 knockout (cKO) mice and ACSL4-KO hepatocytes were adopted to further identify the role of the ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis on SiNPs-induced NAFLD development. The results displayed ACSL4 knockout could down-regulate the lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, ultimately rescuing the progression of NAFLD. In summary, our data indicated that ACSL4/p38 MAPK/GPX4-mediated ferroptosis was a novel and critical mechanism of SiNPs-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- Core Facilities for Electrophysiology, Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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199
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Agostini LDC, Silva NNT, Belo VDA, Luizon MR, Lima AA, da Silva GN. Pharmacogenetics of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) in cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176907. [PMID: 39154825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a high mortality rate, and despite the several available therapeutic targets, non-response to antihypertensives remains a common problem. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are important classes of drugs recommended as first-line therapy for several CVDs. However, response to ACEIs and ARBs varies among treated patients. Pharmacogenomics assesses how an individual's genetic characteristics affect their likely response to drug therapy. Currently, numerous studies suggest that genetic polymorphisms may contribute to variability in drug response. Moreover, further studies evaluating gene-gene interactions within signaling pathways in response to antihypertensives might help to unravel potential genetic predictors for antihypertensive response. This review summarizes the pharmacogenetic data for ACEIs and ARBs in patients with CVD, and discusses the potential pharmacogenetics of these classes of antihypertensives in clinical practice. However, replication studies in different populations are needed. In addition, studies that evaluate gene-gene interactions that share signaling pathways in the response to antihypertensive drugs might facilitate the discovery of genetic predictors for antihypertensive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia da Cunha Agostini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nayara Nascimento Toledo Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Almeida Belo
- Departamento de Farmácia (DEFAR), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rizzatti Luizon
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Angelica Alves Lima
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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200
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Jang H, Cho J, Kim C. Association of 1-bromopropane exposure with asthma prevalence: A Korean National health and Nutritional examination survey (2020-2021)-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119586. [PMID: 39002635 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to 1-bromopropane (1-BP) is an emerging environmental and health concern due to its increasing environmental prevalence. Although the health effects of 1-BP exposure have been under-recognized, current evidence suggests the possibility of adverse pulmonary health effects due to 1-BP exposure. However, the association between 1-BP exposure and asthma prevalence remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to examine the association between 1-BP exposure and asthma prevalence in the general population. Using nationally representative data, we explored the potential impacts of indoor air quality (IAQ)-related behavioral factors on the level of 1-BP exposure. This study included 1506 adults from the 2020-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The prevalence of asthma was based on self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma. Urinary N-acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine (BPMA) levels were measured as a biomarker of 1-BP exposure, using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to investigate the associations between urinary BPMA metabolite and asthma prevalence after adjusting for potential confounders. Log-linear multiple regression models were used to examine the association between IAQ-related behavior and urinary BPMA concentration. Forty-seven individuals with asthma and 1459 without asthma were included. Individuals in the highest quartile of urinary BPMA concentration had a 2.9 times higher risk of asthma than those in the lowest quartile (odds ratio [OR]: 2.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-7.98). The combination of natural and mechanical ventilation was associated with a reduced urinary BPMA concentration. Our findings suggest that 1-BP exposure is associated with the prevalence of asthma in adults and revealed higher urinary levels of BPMA in our study population compared to those in other countries. Given the emerging importance of IAQ, actively managing and modifying behavioral patterns to reduce 1-BP exposure in indoor environments could substantially attenuate the risk of asthma-related to 1-BP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeseon Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaelim Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea; Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsoo Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea; Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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