151
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Boltz TA, Khuri S, Wuchty S. Promoter conservation in HDACs points to functional implications. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:613. [PMID: 31351464 PMCID: PMC6660948 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are the proteins responsible for removing the acetyl group from lysine residues of core histones in chromosomes, a crucial component of gene regulation. Eleven known HDACs exist in humans and most other vertebrates. While the basic function of HDACs has been well characterized and new discoveries are still being made, the transcriptional regulation of their corresponding genes is still poorly understood. Results Here, we conducted a computational analysis of the eleven HDAC promoter sequences in 25 vertebrate species to determine whether transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) are conserved in HDAC evolution, and if so, whether they provide useful information about HDAC expression and function. Furthermore, we used tissue-specific information of transcription factors to investigate the potential expression patterns of HDACs in different human tissues based on their transcription factor binding sites. We found that the TFBS profiles of most of the HDACs were well conserved in closely related species for all HDAC promoters except HDAC7 and HDAC10. HDAC5 had particularly strong conservation across over half of the species studied, with nearly identical profiles in the primate species. Our comparisons of TFBSs with the tissue specific gene expression profiles of their corresponding TFs showed that most HDACs had the ability to be ubiquitously expressed. A few HDAC promoters exhibited the potential for preferential expression in certain tissues, most notably HDAC11 in gall bladder, while HDAC9 seemed to have less propensity for expression in the nervous system. Conclusions In general, we found evolutionary conservation in HDAC promoters that seems to be more prominent for the ubiquitously expressed HDACs. In turn, when conservation did not follow usual phylogeny, human TFBS patterns indicated possible functional relevance. While we found that HDACs appear to uniformly expressed, we confirm that the functional differences in HDACs may be less a matter of location of activity than a question of which proteins and which acetyl groups they may be acting on. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5973-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni A Boltz
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.,Present address: University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sawsan Khuri
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, UK
| | - Stefan Wuchty
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA. .,Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA. .,Center of Computational Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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152
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Vara-Ciruelos D, Russell FM, Hardie DG. The strange case of AMPK and cancer: Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde? †. Open Biol 2019; 9:190099. [PMID: 31288625 PMCID: PMC6685927 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) acts as a cellular energy sensor. Once switched on by increases in cellular AMP : ATP ratios, it acts to restore energy homeostasis by switching on catabolic pathways while switching off cell growth and proliferation. The canonical AMP-dependent mechanism of activation requires the upstream kinase LKB1, which was identified genetically to be a tumour suppressor. AMPK can also be switched on by increases in intracellular Ca2+, by glucose starvation and by DNA damage via non-canonical, AMP-independent pathways. Genetic studies of the role of AMPK in mouse cancer suggest that, before disease arises, AMPK acts as a tumour suppressor that protects against cancer, with this protection being further enhanced by AMPK activators such as the biguanide phenformin. However, once cancer has occurred, AMPK switches to being a tumour promoter instead, enhancing cancer cell survival by protecting against metabolic, oxidative and genotoxic stresses. Studies of genetic changes in human cancer also suggest diverging roles for genes encoding subunit isoforms, with some being frequently amplified, while others are mutated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D. Grahame Hardie
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
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153
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Kosai A, Horike N, Takei Y, Yamashita A, Fujita K, Kamatani T, Tsumaki N. Changes in acetyl-CoA mediate Sik3-induced maturation of chondrocytes in endochondral bone formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:1097-1102. [PMID: 31280862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The maturation of chondrocytes is strictly regulated for proper endochondral bone formation. Although recent studies have revealed that intracellular metabolic processes regulate the proliferation and differentiation of cells, little is known about how changes in metabolite levels regulate chondrocyte maturation. To identify the metabolites which regulate chondrocyte maturation, we performed a metabolome analysis on chondrocytes of Sik3 knockout mice, in which chondrocyte maturation is delayed. Among the metabolites, acetyl-CoA was decreased in this model. Immunohistochemical analysis of the Sik3 knockout chondrocytes indicated that the expression levels of phospho-pyruvate dehydrogenase (phospho-Pdh), an inactivated form of Pdh, which is an enzyme that converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, and of Pdh kinase 4 (Pdk4), which phosphorylates Pdh, were increased. Inhibition of Pdh by treatment with CPI613 delayed chondrocyte maturation in metatarsal primordial cartilage in organ culture. These results collectively suggest that decreasing the acetyl-CoA level is a cause and not result of the delayed chondrocyte maturation. Sik3 appears to increase the acetyl-CoA level by decreasing the expression level of Pdk4. Blocking ATP synthesis in the TCA cycle by treatment with rotenone also delayed chondrocyte maturation in metatarsal primordial cartilage in organ culture, suggesting the possibility that depriving acetyl-CoA as a substrate for the TCA cycle is responsible for the delayed maturation. Our finding of acetyl-CoA as a regulator of chondrocyte maturation could contribute to understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling endochondral bone formation by metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azuma Kosai
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Nanao Horike
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takei
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamashita
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujita
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamatani
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Tsumaki
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Japan.
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154
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Roles of forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors in neurodegenerative diseases: A panoramic view. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 181:101645. [PMID: 31229499 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), which are among the most important aging-related diseases, are typically characterized by neuronal damage and a progressive impairment in neurological function during aging. Few effective therapeutic targets for NDDs have been revealed; thus, an understanding of the pathogenesis of NDDs is important. Forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors have been implicated in the mechanisms regulating aging and longevity. The functions of FoxOs are regulated by diverse post-translational modifications (e.g., phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, methylation and glycosylation). FoxOs exert both detrimental and protective effects on NDDs. Therefore, an understanding of the precise function of FoxOs in NDDs will be helpful for developing appropriate treatment strategies. In this review, we first introduce the post-translational modifications of FoxOs. Next, the regulation of FoxO expression and post-translational modifications in the central nervous system (CNS) is described. Afterwards, we analyze and address the important roles of FoxOs in NDDs. Finally, novel potential directions of future FoxO research in NDDs are discussed. This review recapitulates essential facts and questions about the promise of FoxOs in treating NDDs, and it will likely be important for the design of further basic studies and to realize the potential for FoxOs as therapeutic targets in NDDs.
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155
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Up-regulation of FOXO1 and reduced inflammation by β-hydroxybutyric acid are essential diet restriction benefits against liver injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13533-13542. [PMID: 31196960 PMCID: PMC6613133 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820282116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major challenge in liver surgery. Diet restriction reduces liver damage by increasing stress resistance; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the preventive effect of 12-h fasting on mouse liver IRI. Partial warm hepatic IRI model in wild-type male C57BL/6 mice was used. The control ischemia and reperfusion (IR) group of mice was given food and water ad libitum, while the fasting IR group was given water but not food for 12 h before ischemic insult. In 12-h fasting mice, serum liver-derived enzyme level and tissue damages due to IR were strongly suppressed. Serum β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) was significantly raised before ischemia and during reperfusion. Up-regulated BHB induced an increment in the expression of FOXO1 transcription factor by raising the level of acetylated histone. Antioxidative enzyme heme oxigenase 1 (HO-1), a target gene of FOXO1, then increased. Autophagy activity was also enhanced. Serum high-mobility group box 1 was remarkably lowered by the 12-h fasting, and activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome was suppressed. Consequently, inflammatory cytokine production and liver injury were reduced. Exogenous BHB administration or histone deacetylase inhibitor administration into the control fed mice ameliorated liver IRI, while FOXO1 inhibitor administration to the 12-h fasting group exacerbated liver IRI. The 12-h fasting exerted beneficial effects on the prevention of liver IRI by increasing BHB, thus up-regulating FOXO1 and HO-1, and by reducing the inflammatory responses and apoptotic cell death via the down-regulation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.
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156
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Liu H, Zhang F, Wang K, Tang X, Wu R. Conformational dynamics and allosteric effect modulated by the unique zinc-binding motif in class IIa HDACs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:12173-12183. [PMID: 31144693 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02261a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been considered as potential targets for the treatment of several diseases. Compared to other HDACs, class IIa HDACs have an additional second zinc binding motif. So far, the function of the unique zinc-binding motif is still not very clear. In this work, extensive classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to illuminate the conformational change modulated by the unique zinc-binding motif. It has been revealed that the unique zinc-binding motif is a crucial structural stabilization factor in retaining the catalytic activity of the enzyme and the stability of the multi-protein complex, by remotely modulating the active site pocket in a "closed" conformation. Moreover, it is also revealed that the Loop2 motion in HDAC4 is less flexible than that in HDAC7, which opens a new avenue to design selective inhibitors by utilizing the local conformational dynamics difference between the structurally highly similar HDAC4 and HDAC7. Finally, by comparative studies with class I HDACs (HDAC1-3), it is found that the reversible "in-out" conformational transformation of the binding rail (highly conserved both in class I and IIa HDACs) occurs spontaneously in HDAC1-3, whereas the binding rail is trapped in an "in" conformation owing to the strong metal coordination interaction of the unique CCHC zinc-binding motif in class IIa HDACs. Thus, the CCHC zinc-binding motif may be a feasible allosteric site for the development of class IIa-selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaowen Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Ruibo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
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157
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A therapeutic approach towards microRNA29 family in vascular diabetic complications: A boon or curse? J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:243-254. [PMID: 31275895 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the major metabolic disorders and its severity leads to death. Enhancement in hyperglycaemic conditions of DM gives rise to endothelial impairment in small and large blood vessels contributing towards microvascular and macrovascular complications respectively. The pathogenesis of diabetic complications is associated with interruption of various signal transduction pathways due to epigenetic modifications such as aberrant histone modifications, DNA methylation and expression of miRNAs along with the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Amongst these epigenetic alterations, modulated expressions of miRNAs confer to apoptosis and endothelial dysfunction of organs that gives rise to vascular complications. In this review, we principally focussed on physiological role of miR29 family in DM and have discussed crosstalk between miR29 family and numerous genes involved in signal transduction pathways of Diabetic vascular complications. Incidences of diabetic retinopathy exploiting the role of miR29 in regulation of EMT process, differential expression patterns of miR29 and promising therapeutic role of miR29 have been discussed. We have summarised the therapeutic role of miR29 in podocyte impairment and how miR29 regulates the expressions of profibrotic, inflammatory and ECM encoding genes in renal fibrosis under diabetic conditions. We have also highlighted impact of miR29 expression patterns in cardiac angiopathy, cardiomyocyte's apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis. Additionally, we have also presented the contradictory actions of miR29 family in amelioration as well as in enhancement of diabetic complications.
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158
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Molaei M, Vandehoef C, Karpac J. NF-κB Shapes Metabolic Adaptation by Attenuating Foxo-Mediated Lipolysis in Drosophila. Dev Cell 2019; 49:802-810.e6. [PMID: 31080057 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic and innate immune signaling pathways have co-evolved to elicit coordinated responses. However, dissecting the integration of these ancient signaling mechanisms remains a challenge. Using Drosophila, we uncovered a role for the innate immune transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/Relish in governing lipid metabolism during metabolic adaptation to fasting. We found that Relish is required to restrain fasting-induced lipolysis, and thus conserve cellular triglyceride levels during metabolic adaptation, through specific repression of ATGL/Brummer lipase gene expression in adipose (fat body). Fasting-induced changes in Brummer expression and, consequently, triglyceride metabolism are adjusted by Relish-dependent attenuation of Foxo transcriptional activation function, a critical metabolic transcription factor. Relish limits Foxo function by influencing fasting-dependent histone deacetylation and subsequent chromatin modifications within the Bmm locus. These results highlight that the antagonism of Relish and Foxo functions are crucial in the regulation of lipid metabolism during metabolic adaptation, which may further influence the coordination of innate immune-metabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral Molaei
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Crissie Vandehoef
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jason Karpac
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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159
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Ling C, Rönn T. Epigenetics in Human Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Metab 2019; 29:1028-1044. [PMID: 30982733 PMCID: PMC6509280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms control gene activity and the development of an organism. The epigenome includes DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA-mediated processes, and disruption of this balance may cause several pathologies and contribute to obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This Review summarizes epigenetic signatures obtained from human tissues of relevance for metabolism-i.e., adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islets, liver, and blood-in relation to obesity and T2D. Although this research field is still young, these comprehensive data support not only a role for epigenetics in disease development, but also epigenetic alterations as a response to disease. Genetic predisposition, as well as aging, contribute to epigenetic variability, and several environmental factors, including exercise and diet, further interact with the human epigenome. The reversible nature of epigenetic modifications holds promise for future therapeutic strategies in obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Ling
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Tina Rönn
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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160
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Kim G, Lee SG, Lee BW, Kang ES, Cha BS, Ferrannini E, Lee YH, Cho NH. Spontaneous ketonuria and risk of incident diabetes: a 12 year prospective study. Diabetologia 2019; 62:779-788. [PMID: 30788528 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Ketones may be regarded as a thrifty fuel for peripheral tissues, but their clinical prognostic significance remains unclear. We investigated the association between spontaneous fasting ketonuria and incident diabetes in conjunction with changes in metabolic variables in a large population-based observational study. METHODS We analysed 8703 individuals free of diabetes at baseline enrolled in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, a community-based 12 year prospective study. Individuals with (n = 195) or without fasting ketonuria were matched 1:4 by propensity score. Incident diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l, post-load 2 h glucose ≥11.1 mmol/l on biennial OGTTs, or current use of glucose-lowering medication. Using Cox regression models, HRs for developing diabetes associated with the presence of ketonuria at baseline were analysed. RESULTS Over 12 years, of the 925 participants in the propensity score-matched cohort, 190 (20.5%) developed diabetes. The incidence rate of diabetes was significantly lower in participants with spontaneous ketonuria compared with those without ketonuria (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.41, 0.97). Results were virtually identical when participants with fasting ketonuria were compared against all participants without ketonuria (after multivariate adjustment, HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.45, 0.96). During follow-up, participants with baseline ketonuria maintained lower post-load 1 h and 2 h glucose levels and a higher insulinogenic index despite comparable baseline values. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The presence of spontaneous fasting ketonuria was significantly associated with a reduced risk of diabetes, independently of metabolic variables. Our findings suggest that spontaneous fasting ketonuria may have a potential preventive role in the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuri Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Guk Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seok Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Systems Biology, Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam H Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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161
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Jaguva Vasudevan AA, Hoffmann MJ, Beck MLC, Poschmann G, Petzsch P, Wiek C, Stühler K, Köhrer K, Schulz WA, Niegisch G. HDAC5 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Lines Inhibits Long-Term Proliferation but Can Promote Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2135. [PMID: 31052182 PMCID: PMC6539474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) generally promote cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, whereas class IIA HDACs like HDAC4 and HDAC5 may promote or impede cancer development in a tissue-dependent manner. In urothelial carcinoma (UC), HDAC5 is often downregulated. Accordingly, HDAC5 was weakly expressed in UC cell lines suggesting a possible tumor-suppressive function. We therefore characterized the effects of stable HDAC5 expression in four UC cell lines (RT112, VM-Cub-1, SW1710 and UM-UC-3) with different phenotypes reflecting the heterogeneity of UC, by assessing proliferation, clonogenicity and migration ability. Further, we detailed changes in the proteome and transcriptome by immunoblotting, mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing analysis. We observed that HDAC5 overexpression in general decreased cell proliferation, but in one cell line (VM-Cub-1) induced a dramatic change from an epitheloid to a mesenchymal phenotype, i.e., epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). These phenotypical changes were confirmed by comprehensive proteomics and transcriptomics analyses. In contrast to HDAC5, overexpression of HDAC4 exerted only weak effects on cell proliferation and phenotypes. We conclude that overexpression of HDAC5 may generally decrease proliferation in UC, but, intriguingly, may induce EMT on its own in certain circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Michael L C Beck
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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162
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Tateya S, Rizzo-De Leon N, Cheng AM, Dick BP, Lee WJ, Kim ML, O’Brien K, Morton GJ, Schwartz MW, Kim F. The role of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) in the control of hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215601. [PMID: 31017943 PMCID: PMC6481847 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During periods in which glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is insufficient to meet body requirements, hepatic gluconeogenesis plays a key role to maintain normal blood glucose levels. The current studies investigated the role in this process played by vasodilatory-associated phosphoprotein (VASP), a protein that is phosphorylated in hepatocytes by cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA), a key mediator of the action of glucagon. We report that following stimulation of hepatocytes with 8Br-cAMP, phosphorylation of VASP preceded induction of genes encoding key gluconeogenic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6p) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pck1), and that VASP overexpression enhanced this gene induction. Conversely, hepatocytes from mice lacking VASP (Vasp-/-) displayed blunted induction of gluconeogenic enzymes in response to cAMP, and Vasp-/- mice exhibited both greater fasting hypoglycemia and blunted hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme gene expression in response to fasting in vivo. These effects of VASP deficiency were associated with reduced phosphorylation of both CREB (a key transcription factor for gluconeogenesis that lies downstream of PKA) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), a combination of effects that inhibit transcription of gluconeogenic genes. These data support a model in which VASP functions as a molecular bridge linking the two key signal transduction pathways governing hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanshiro Tateya
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Norma Rizzo-De Leon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Andrew M. Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Brian P. Dick
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Woo Je Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Madeleine L. Kim
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kevin O’Brien
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Gregory J. Morton
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Michael W. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Francis Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhang L, Yao W, Xia J, Wang T, Huang F. Glucagon-Induced Acetylation of Energy-Sensing Factors in Control of Hepatic Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081885. [PMID: 30995792 PMCID: PMC6515121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is the central organ of glycolipid metabolism, which regulates the metabolism of lipids and glucose to maintain energy homeostasis upon alterations of physiological conditions. Researchers formerly focused on the phosphorylation of glucagon in controlling liver metabolism. Noteworthily, emerging evidence has shown glucagon could additionally induce acetylation to control hepatic metabolism in response to different physiological states. Through inducing acetylation of complex metabolic networks, glucagon interacts extensively with various energy-sensing factors in shifting from glucose metabolism to lipid metabolism during prolonged fasting. In addition, glucagon-induced acetylation of different energy-sensing factors is involved in the advancement of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to liver cancer. Here, we summarize the latest findings on glucagon to control hepatic metabolism by inducing acetylation of energy-sensing factors. Finally, we summarize and discuss the potential impact of glucagon on the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weilei Yao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tongxin Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feiruo Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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164
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Osei-Sarfo K, Gudas LJ. Retinoids induce antagonism between FOXO3A and FOXM1 transcription factors in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215234. [PMID: 30978209 PMCID: PMC6461257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To gain a greater understanding of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) we investigated the actions of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA; a retinoid), bexarotene (a pan-RXR agonist), and forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors in human OSCC-derived cell lines. RA and bexarotene have been shown to limit several oncogenic pathways in many cell types. FOXO proteins typically are associated with tumor suppressive activities, whereas FOXM1 acts as an oncogene when overexpressed in several cancers. RA and/or bexarotene increased the transcript levels of FOXO1, FOXO3A, and TRAIL receptors; reduced the transcript levels of FOXM1, Aurora kinase B (AURKB), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA); and decreased the proliferation of OSCC-derived cell lines. Also, RA and/or bexarotene influenced the recruitment of FOXO3A and FOXM1 to target genes. Additionally, FOXM1 depletion reduced cell proliferation, decreased transcript levels of downstream targets of FOXM1, and increased transcript levels of TRAIL receptors. Overexpression of FOXO3A decreased proliferation and increased binding of histone deacetylases (HDACs) 1 and 2 at the FOXM1, AURKB, and VEGFA promoters. This research suggests novel influences of the drugs RA and bexarotene on the expression of FOXM1 and FOXO3A in transcriptional regulatory pathways of human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwame Osei-Sarfo
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States of America
- Weill Cornell Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Lorraine J. Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States of America
- Weill Cornell Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
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165
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Gong M, Yu Y, Liang L, Vuralli D, Froehler S, Kuehnen P, Du Bois P, Zhang J, Cao A, Liu Y, Hussain K, Fielitz J, Jia S, Chen W, Raile K. HDAC4 mutations cause diabetes and induce β-cell FoxO1 nuclear exclusion. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e602. [PMID: 30968599 PMCID: PMC6503015 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studying patients with rare Mendelian diabetes has uncovered molecular mechanisms regulating β‐cell pathophysiology. Previous studies have shown that Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDAC4, 5, 7, and 9) modulate mammalian pancreatic endocrine cell function and glucose homeostasis. Methods We performed exome sequencing in one adolescent nonautoimmune diabetic patient and detected one de novo predicted disease‐causing HDAC4 variant (p.His227Arg). We screened our pediatric diabetes cohort with unknown etiology using Sanger sequencing. In mouse pancreatic β‐cell lines (Min6 and SJ cells), we performed insulin secretion assay and quantitative RT‐PCR to measure the β‐cell function transfected with the detected HDAC4 variants and wild type. We carried out immunostaining and Western blot to investigate if the detected HDAC4 variants affect the cellular translocation and acetylation status of Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in the pancreatic β‐cells. Results We discovered three HDAC4 mutations (p.His227Arg, p.Asp234Asn, and p.Glu374Lys) in unrelated individuals who had nonautoimmune diabetes with various degrees of β‐cell loss. In mouse pancreatic β‐cell lines, we found that these three HDAC4 mutations decrease insulin secretion, down‐regulate β‐cell‐specific transcriptional factors, and cause nuclear exclusion of acetylated FoxO1. Conclusion Mutations in HDAC4 disrupt the deacetylation of FoxO1, subsequently decrease the β‐cell function including insulin secretion, resulting in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolian Gong
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lei Liang
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Dogus Vuralli
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Peter Kuehnen
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Du Bois
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Aidi Cao
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Khalid Hussain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Sidra Medical & Research Center, OPC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jens Fielitz
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald & Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shiqi Jia
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Klemens Raile
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
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166
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Choi WI, Yoon JH, Song JY, Jeon BN, Park JM, Koh DI, Ahn YH, Kim KS, Lee IK, Hur MW. Zbtb7c is a critical gluconeogenic transcription factor that induces glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenylpyruvate carboxykinase 1 genes expression during mice fasting. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:643-656. [PMID: 30959128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gluconeogenesis is essential for blood glucose homeostasis during fasting and is regulated by various enzymes, which are encoded by gluconeogenic genes. Those genes are controlled by various transcription factors. Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 7c (Zbtb7c, also called Kr-pok) is a BTB-POZ family transcription factor with proto-oncogenic activity. Previous findings have indicated that Zbtb7c is involved in the regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis, suggesting an involvement also in primary metabolism. We found here that fasting induced Zbtb7c expression in the mouse liver and in primary liver hepatocytes. We also observed that Zbtb7c-knockout mice have decreased blood glucose levels, so we investigated whether Zbtb7c plays a role in gluconeogenesis. Indeed, differential gene expression analysis of Zbtb7c-knockout versus wild type mouse livers showed downregulated transcription of gluconeogenic genes encoding the glucose 6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6pc) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (Pck1), while Zbtb7c expression upregulated these two genes, under fasting conditions. Mechanistically, we found that when complexed with histone deacetylase 3 (Hdac3), Zbtb7c binds insulin response elements (IREs) within the G6pc and Pck1 promoters. Moreover, complexed Zbtb7c deacetylated forkhead box O1 (Foxo1), thereby increasing Foxo1 binding to the G6pc and Pck1 IREs, resulting in their transcriptional activation. These results demonstrate Zbtb7c to be a crucial metabolic regulator of blood glucose homeostasis, during mammalian fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Il Choi
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41940, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Yoon
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yang Song
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Nam Jeon
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Man Park
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In Koh
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Ahn
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sup Kim
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Man-Wook Hur
- BK21 plus project of Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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167
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Li X, Chen Y, Shen JZ, Pan Q, Yang W, Yan H, Liu H, Ai W, Liao W, Guo S. Epigallocatechin Gallate Inhibits Hepatic Glucose Production in Primary Hepatocytes via Downregulating PKA Signaling Pathways and Transcriptional Factor FoxO1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3651-3661. [PMID: 30875211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead/winged helix transcription factor O-class member 1 (FoxO1) is a key mediator of insulin and glucagon signaling in control of glucose homeostasis. Although epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has attracted interest owing to its potential to combat hyperglycemic diabetes, molecular mechanisms underlying its antihyperglycemic effect, in particular the effect on FoxO1, is poorly understand. This study aims to assess the impact of EGCG on the glucagon signaling pathway in regulating glucose metabolism. Primary hepatocytes from wild-type (WT), liver-specific FoxO1 knock out (FKO), and FoxO1-S273D knock-in (KI) mice were isolated, cultured, and treated with EGCG and/or glucagon. Our data showed the treatment of 10 μM EGCG for 6 h decreased hepatic glucose production by 20 and 23% in WT and FKO primary hepatocytes, respectively. EGCG repressed both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in primary hepatocytes, coupled with activating AMPK. In addition, EGCG decreased mitochondrial oxygen consumption. We further investigated the effects of EGCG on glucagon-stimulated cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. EGCG reduced p-PKA-T197/T-PKA and p-CREB-S133/T-CREB levels by 39 and 20%, blocked p-FoxO1-S273, and suppressed nuclear FoxO1 translocation, suggesting that FoxO1 and CREB were possible downstream targets. A novel mechanism of EGCG in restraining hepatic glucose production (HGP) is through antagonizing glucagon signaling and suppressing FoxO1 via Ser273. EGCG may serve as a promising compound for regulating glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Yunmei Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , China
| | - James Zheng Shen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Quan Pan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Wanbao Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Weiqi Ai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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168
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Mechanism of Action for HDAC Inhibitors-Insights from Omics Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071616. [PMID: 30939743 PMCID: PMC6480157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) are a class of prominent epigenetic drugs that are currently being tested in hundreds of clinical trials against a variety of diseases. A few compounds have already been approved for treating lymphoma or myeloma. HDIs bind to the zinc-containing catalytic domain of the histone deacetylase (HDACs) and they repress the deacetylase enzymatic activity. The broad therapeutic effect of HDIs with seemingly low toxicity is somewhat puzzling when considering that most HDIs lack strict specificity toward any individual HDAC and, even if they do, each individual HDAC has diverse functions under different physiology scenarios. Here, we review recent mechanistic studies using omics approaches, including epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and chemoproteomics, methods. These omics studies provide non-biased insights into the mechanism of action for HDIs.
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169
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Liu M, Zhang Q, Pei L, Zou Y, Chen G, Wang H. Corticosterone rather than ethanol epigenetic programmed testicular dysplasia caused by prenatal ethanol exposure in male offspring rats. Epigenetics 2019; 14:245-259. [PMID: 30821590 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1581595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) could affect offspring's testicular development. This study aimed to illuminate its intrauterine origin and the programming mechanism caused by PEE. Pregnant Wistar rats were given ethanol (4 g/kg.d) by gavage administration during gestational days (GD) 9-20. Serum samples and testes of male offspring rats were collected on GD20, postnatal week (PW) 6, and PW12. We found that PEE induced testicular morphological abnormality, low serum testosterone levels, expressive suppression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and low acetylation levels of histone 3 lysine 14 (H3K14ac) of 3β-HSD before and after birth. In utero, when fetal rats were overexposed to corticosterone by PEE, the expression levels of testicular glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) were increased, while that of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) was decreased. In vitro, corticosterone (rather than ethanol) at 500 to 2,000 nM concentration decreased testosterone production and 3β-HSD expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, corticosterone downregulated SF1 and upregulated HDAC2 via activating GR, accompanied by a low H3K14ac level of 3β-HSD; SF1 overexpression could reverse the increased HDAC2 expression, and knockdown of HDAC2 could partially reverse the inhibitory effects of corticosterone on H3K14ac level and 3β-HSD expression but not on SF1 expression. Taken together, PEE caused testicular dysplasia in male offspring rats, which was associated with corticosterone-induced low-functional programming of 3β-HSD through the GR/SF1/HDAC2/H3K14ac pathway. This study provides new academic perspectives to illuminate the theory of 'Developmental Origins of Health and Disease.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical School of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Qi Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical School of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Linguo Pei
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical School of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China.,b Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease , Wuhan , China
| | - Yunfei Zou
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical School of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China.,c School of public health , Wannan Medical College , Wuhu , China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical School of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Hui Wang
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical School of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China.,b Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease , Wuhan , China
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170
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Li K, Qiu C, Sun P, Liu DC, Wu TJ, Wang K, Zhou YC, Chang XA, Yin Y, Chen F, Zhu YX, Han X. Ets1-Mediated Acetylation of FoxO1 Is Critical for Gluconeogenesis Regulation during Feed-Fast Cycles. Cell Rep 2019; 26:2998-3010.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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171
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Choi SY, Kee HJ, Sun S, Seok YM, Ryu Y, Kim GR, Kee SJ, Pflieger M, Kurz T, Kassack MU, Jeong MH. Histone deacetylase inhibitor LMK235 attenuates vascular constriction and aortic remodelling in hypertension. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2801-2812. [PMID: 30734467 PMCID: PMC6433685 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report that LMK235, a class I and histone deacetylase (HDAC6)‐preferential HDAC inhibitor, reduces hypertension via inhibition of vascular contraction and vessel hypertrophy. Angiotensin II‐infusion mice and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were used to test the anti‐hypertensive effect of LMK235. Daily injection of LMK235 lowered angiotensin II‐induced systolic blood pressure (BP). A reduction in systolic BP in SHRs was observed on the second day when SHRs were treated with 3 mg/kg LMK235 every 3 days. However, LMK235 treatment did not affect angiotensin‐converting enzyme 1 and angiotensin II receptor mRNA expression in either hypertensive model. LMK235, acting via the nitric oxide pathway, facilitated the relaxing of vascular contractions induced by a thromboxane A2 agonist in the rat aortic and mesenteric artery ring test. In addition, LMK235 increased nitric oxide production in HUVECs and inhibited the increasing of aortic wall thickness in both animal hypertensive models. LMK235 decreased the enhanced cell cycle‐related genes cyclin D1 and E2F3 in angiotensin II‐infusion mice and restored the decreased p21 expression. In addition, LMK235 suppressed calcium calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) α, which is related to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Inhibition or knockdown of HDAC5 blocked the CaMKIIα‐induced cell cycle gene expression. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated that class I HDACs were involved in the inhibition of CaMKII α‐induced HDAC4/5 by LMK235. We suggest that LMK235 should be further investigated for its use in the development of new therapeutic options to treat hypertension via reducing vascular hyperplasia or vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Young Choi
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Molecular Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kee
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Simei Sun
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Molecular Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Zhoushan Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Young Mi Seok
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuhee Ryu
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Ran Kim
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Kee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University, Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Marc Pflieger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias U Kassack
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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172
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Tuo L, Xiang J, Pan X, Hu J, Tang H, Liang L, Xia J, Hu Y, Zhang W, Huang A, Wang K, Tang N. PCK1 negatively regulates cell cycle progression and hepatoma cell proliferation via the AMPK/p27 Kip1 axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:50. [PMID: 30717766 PMCID: PMC6360696 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Altered glucose metabolism endows tumor cells with metabolic flexibility for biosynthesis requirements. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), a key enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway, is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and predicts poor prognosis. Overexpression of PCK1 has been shown to suppress liver tumor growth, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods mRNA and protein expression patterns of PCK1, AMPK, pAMPK, and the CDK/Rb/E2F pathway were determined using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Cell proliferation ability and cell cycle were assessed by MTS assay and flow cytometric analysis. The effect of PCK1 on tumor growth was examined in xenograft implantation models. Results Both gain and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that PCK1 deficiency promotes hepatoma cell proliferation through inactivation of AMPK, suppression of p27Kip1 expression, and stimulation of the CDK/Rb/E2F pathway, thereby accelerating cell cycle transition from the G1 to S phase under glucose-starved conditions. Overexpression of PCK1 reduced cellular ATP levels and enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and p27Kip1 expression but decreased Rb phosphorylation, leading to cell cycle arrest at G1. AMPK knockdown significantly reversed G1-phase arrest and growth inhibition of PCK1-expressing SK-Hep1 cells. In addition, the AMPK activator metformin remarkably suppressed the growth of PCK1-knockout PLC/PRF/5 cells and inhibited tumor growth in an orthotropic HCC mouse model. Conclusion This study revealed that PCK1 negatively regulates cell cycle progression and hepatoma cell proliferation via the AMPK/p27Kip1 axis and supports a potential therapeutic and protective effect of metformin on HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1029-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tuo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanming Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang X, Yang S, Chen J, Su Z. Unraveling the Regulation of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 9:802. [PMID: 30733709 PMCID: PMC6353800 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic gluconeogenesis, de novo glucose synthesis from available precursors, plays a crucial role in maintaining glucose homeostasis to meet energy demands during prolonged starvation in animals. The abnormally increased rate of hepatic gluconeogenesis contributes to hyperglycemia in diabetes. Gluconeogenesis is regulated on multiple levels, such as hormonal secretion, gene transcription, and posttranslational modification. We review here the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of gluconeogenesis in response to nutritional and hormonal changes. The nutrient state determines the hormone release, which instigates the signaling cascades in the liver to modulate the activities of various transcriptional factors through various post-translational modifications like phosphorylation, methylation, and acetylation. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can mediate the activities of some transcription factors, however its role in the regulation of gluconeogenesis remains uncertain. Metformin, a primary hypoglycemic agent of type 2 diabetes, ameliorates hyperglycemia predominantly through suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Several molecular mechanisms have been proposed to be metformin's mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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174
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Zhang BH, Shen CA, Zhu BW, An HY, Zheng B, Xu SB, Sun JC, Sun PC, Zhang W, Wang J, Liu JY, Fan YQ. Insight into miRNAs related with glucometabolic disorder. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:657-665. [PMID: 30611990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A microRNA (miRNA) is a single-stranded, small and non-coding RNA molecule that contains 20-25 nucleotides. More than 2000 miRNAs have been identified in human genes since the first miRNA was discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans in the early 1990s. miRNAs play a crucial role in various biological processes by regulating gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. The alterations of their levels are associated with various diseases, such as glucometabolic disorder and lipid metabolism disorder. In recent years, miRNAs have been proved to be involved in regulating the functions of pancreatic β-cells, insulin resistance and other biological behaviors related to glucometabolic disorder and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). This review summarized specific miRNAs, including miRNA-375 (miR-375), miRNA-155 (miR-155), miRNA-21 (miR-21), miRNA-33 (miR-33), the let-7 family and some other miRNAs related to glucometabolic regulation, introduced the obstacles and challenges in miRNA therapy, and discussed the prospect of new treatment methods for glucometabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Han Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-An Shen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bi-Wei Zhu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Ying An
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Bo Xu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Chen Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Chao Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ying Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qian Fan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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175
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Berdeaux R, Hutchins C. Anabolic and Pro-metabolic Functions of CREB-CRTC in Skeletal Muscle: Advantages and Obstacles for Type 2 Diabetes and Cancer Cachexia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:535. [PMID: 31428057 PMCID: PMC6688074 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
cAMP is one of the earliest described mediators of hormone action in response to physiologic stress that allows acute stress responses and adaptation in every tissue. The classic role of cAMP signaling in metabolic tissues is to regulate nutrient partitioning. In response to acute stress, such as epinephrine released during strenuous exercise or fasting, intramuscular cAMP liberates glucose from glycogen and fatty acids from triglycerides. In the long-term, activation of Gs-coupled GPCRs stimulates muscle growth (hypertrophy) and metabolic adaptation through multiple pathways that culminate in a net increase of protein synthesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and improved metabolic efficiency. This review focuses on regulation, function, and transcriptional targets of CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) and CRTCs (CREB regulated transcriptional coactivators) in skeletal muscle and the potential for targeting this pathway to sustain muscle mass and metabolic function in type 2 diabetes and cancer. Although the muscle-autonomous roles of these proteins might render them excellent targets for both conditions, pharmacologic targeting must be approached with caution. Gain of CREB-CRTC function is associated with excess liver glucose output in type 2 diabetes, and growing evidence implicates CREB-CRTC activation in proliferation and invasion of different types of cancer cells. We conclude that deeper investigation to identify skeletal muscle specific regulatory mechanisms that govern CREB-CRTC transcriptional activity is needed to safely take advantage of their potent effects to invigorate skeletal muscle to potentially improve health in people with type 2 diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Berdeaux
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Cell Biology, The MD Anderson-UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Rebecca Berdeaux
| | - Chase Hutchins
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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176
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Zhao H, Shu L, Huang W, Song G, Ma H. Resveratrol affects hepatic gluconeogenesis via histone deacetylase 4. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:401-411. [PMID: 30988636 PMCID: PMC6438140 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s198830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine whether resveratrol (Rev) affects the expression, phosphorylation, and nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), which in turn affects gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes under an insulin-resistant state. MATERIALS AND METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with 0.25 mmol/L palmitic acid (PA) to establish an insulin resistance model. The cells were divided into five groups: control, PA, PA + Rev 100 µM, PA + Rev 50 µM, and PA + Rev 20 µM. After treatment for 24 hours, mRNA and protein expression levels of gluconeogenesis pathway-related molecules and HDAC4 were examined. Next, HepG2 cells were transfected with siRNA-HDAC4. The cells were divided into control, PA, PA + Rev 20 µM, PA + Rev 20 µM +siRNA-HDAC4 negative control, and PA + Rev 20 µM +siRNA-HDAC4 knockdown groups to determine the expression of gluconeogenesis pathway proteins. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the gluconeogenesis pathway-related molecules, glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6PC), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), were increased, and the phosphorylation of FOXO1 decreased after PA treatment. The p-HDAC4 level decreased with the increase in HDAC4 in the nucleus and the decrease in HDAC4 in the cytoplasm in the PA group. Treatment with Rev 20 µM suppressed gluconeogenesis and promoted HDAC4 shuttling into the cytoplasm from the nucleus. However, 100 and Rev 50 µM exerted the opposite effects. Finally, after HDAC4 knockdown, the expression levels of the key gluconeogenesis molecules, G6PC, PCK1, and FOXO1, were increased, and p-FOXO1 was decreased, indicating that gluconeogenesis was enhanced. CONCLUSION A low concentration of Rev inhibited gluconeogenesis under insulin-resistance conditions via translocation of HDAC4 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China,
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China,
| | - Linyi Shu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China,
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China,
| | - Wenli Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China,
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China,
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China,
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China,
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China,
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China,
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
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177
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Ji X, Zhou F, Zhang Y, Deng R, Xu W, Bai M, Liu Y, Shao L, Wang X, Zhou L. Butyrate stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in mouse primary hepatocytes. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1677-1687. [PMID: 30783436 PMCID: PMC6364177 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Butyrate is a major short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fiber in the gastrointestinal tract. Butyrate is also a well-known broad-spectrum histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Butyrate has been reported to improve energy metabolism in rodents, which is associated with its beneficial effects on skeletal muscle, brown fat tissue and pancreatic β-cells. The present study investigated the direct effect of butyrate on hepatic gluconeogenesis in mouse primary hepatocytes and the underlying mechanism. Isolated mouse primary hepatocytes were incubated with sodium butyrate, other HDAC inhibitors and other SCFAs. Hepatic glucose production was measured and gluconeogenic gene expression was detected by polymerase chain reaction analysis. The phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) was assessed by western blot analysis. The results revealed that sodium butyrate dose-dependently increased hepatic glucose production and gluconeogenic gene expression in isolated mouse primary hepatocytes. Trichostatin A, a potent broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitor, had the opposite effect. Similar to sodium butyrate, propionate, which is another SCFA, promoted hepatic glucose production and gluconeogenic gene expression in the presence or absence of gluconeogenic substrates, which were further enhanced by cAMP. Furthermore, sodium butyrate also increased the accumulation of intracellular ATP and induced the phosphorylation of CREB in mouse hepatocytes. In conclusion, the present study suggested that butyrate stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and induces gluconeogenic gene expression as a substrate and cAMP/CREB signaling activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Ji
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Feiye Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ruyuan Deng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wan Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Bai
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Li Shao
- The Very Important Person Department, East Hospital, Shanghai Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Libin Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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Li J, Aponte Paris S, Thakur H, Kapiloff MS, Dodge-Kafka KL. Muscle A-kinase-anchoring protein-β-bound calcineurin toggles active and repressive transcriptional complexes of myocyte enhancer factor 2D. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:2543-2554. [PMID: 30523159 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors are key regulators of the development and adult phenotype of diverse tissues, including skeletal and cardiac muscles. Controlled by multiple post-translational modifications, MEF2D is an effector for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN, PP2B, and PPP3). CaN-catalyzed dephosphorylation promotes the desumoylation and acetylation of MEF2D, increasing its transcriptional activity. Both MEF2D and CaN bind the scaffold protein muscle A-kinase-anchoring protein β (mAKAPβ), which is localized to the nuclear envelope, such that C2C12 skeletal myoblast differentiation and neonatal rat ventricular myocyte hypertrophy are inhibited by mAKAPβ signalosome targeting. Using immunoprecipitation and DNA-binding assays, we now show that the formation of mAKAPβ signalosomes is required for MEF2D dephosphorylation, desumoylation, and acetylation in C2C12 cells. Reduced MEF2D phosphorylation was coupled to a switch from type IIa histone deacetylase to p300 histone acetylase binding that correlated with increased MEF2D-dependent gene expression and ventricular myocyte hypertrophy. Together, these results highlight the importance of mAKAPβ signalosomes for regulating MEF2D activity in striated muscle, affirming mAKAPβ as a nodal regulator in the myocyte intracellular signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Li
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Byers Eye Institute, and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-1209 and
| | - Shania Aponte Paris
- the Calhoun Center for Cardiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Hrishikesh Thakur
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Byers Eye Institute, and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-1209 and
| | - Michael S Kapiloff
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Byers Eye Institute, and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-1209 and
| | - Kimberly L Dodge-Kafka
- the Calhoun Center for Cardiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
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179
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Sakamoto K, Bultot L, Göransson O. The Salt-Inducible Kinases: Emerging Metabolic Regulators. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:827-840. [PMID: 30385008 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) as an upstream kinase for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) led to the identification of several related kinases that also rely on LKB1 for their catalytic activity. Among these, the salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) have emerged as key regulators of metabolism. Unlike AMPK, SIKs do not respond to nucleotides, but their function is regulated by extracellular signals, such as hormones, through complex LKB1-independent mechanisms. While AMPK acts on multiple targets, including metabolic enzymes, to maintain cellular ATP levels, SIKs primarily regulate gene expression, by acting on transcriptional regulators, such as the cAMP response element-binding protein-regulated transcription coactivators and class IIa histone deacetylases. This review describes the development of research on SIKs, from their discovery to the most recent findings on metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Sakamoto
- Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment G, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Laurent Bultot
- Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment G, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Current address: Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olga Göransson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC C11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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180
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Alharbi MA, Zhang C, Lu C, Milovanova TN, Yi L, Ryu JD, Jiao H, Dong G, O'Connor JP, Graves DT. FOXO1 Deletion Reverses the Effect of Diabetic-Induced Impaired Fracture Healing. Diabetes 2018; 67:2682-2694. [PMID: 30279162 PMCID: PMC6245226 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes impairs fracture healing. We tested the hypothesis that diabetes affects chondrocytes to impair fracture healing through a mechanism that involves the transcription factor FOXO1. Type 1 diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in mice with FOXO1 deletion in chondrocytes (Col2α1Cre+FOXO1L/L) or littermate controls (Col2α1Cre-FOXO1L/L) and closed femoral fractures induced. Diabetic mice had 77% less cartilage and 30% less bone than normoglycemics evaluated histologically and by micro-computed tomography. Both were reversed with lineage-specific FOXO1 ablation. Diabetic mice had a threefold increase in osteoclasts and a two- to threefold increase in RANKL mRNA or RANKL-expressing chondrocytes compared with normoglycemics. Both parameters were rescued by FOXO1 ablation in chondrocytes. Conditions present in diabetes, high glucose (HG), and increased advanced glycation end products (AGEs) stimulated FOXO1 association with the RANKL promoter in vitro, and overexpression of FOXO1 increased RANKL promoter activity in luciferase reporter assays. HG and AGE stimulated FOXO1 nuclear localization, which was reversed by insulin and inhibitors of TLR4, histone deacetylase, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species. The results indicate that chondrocytes play a prominent role in diabetes-impaired fracture healing and that high levels of glucose, AGEs, and tumor necrosis factor-α, which are elevated by diabetes, alter RANKL expression in chondrocytes via FOXO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Alharbi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Citong Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chanyi Lu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tatyana N Milovanova
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Leah Yi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Je Dong Ryu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hongli Jiao
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Guangyu Dong
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J Patrick O'Connor
- Department of Orthopedics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| | - Dana T Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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181
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Tamargo-Gómez I, Mariño G. AMPK: Regulation of Metabolic Dynamics in the Context of Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123812. [PMID: 30501132 PMCID: PMC6321489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells have developed mechanisms that allow them to link growth and proliferation to the availability of energy and biomolecules. AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) is one of the most important molecular energy sensors in eukaryotic cells. AMPK activity is able to control a wide variety of metabolic processes connecting cellular metabolism with energy availability. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic pathway whose activity provides energy and basic building blocks for the synthesis of new biomolecules. Given the importance of autophagic degradation for energy production in situations of nutrient scarcity, it seems logical that eukaryotic cells have developed multiple molecular links between AMPK signaling and autophagy regulation. In this review, we will discuss the importance of AMPK activity for diverse aspects of cellular metabolism, and how AMPK modulates autophagic degradation and adapts it to cellular energetic status. We will explain how AMPK-mediated signaling is mechanistically involved in autophagy regulation both through specific phosphorylation of autophagy-relevant proteins or by indirectly impacting in the activity of additional autophagy regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Tamargo-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Mariño
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
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182
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Singh S, Jangid RK, Crowder A, Groves AK. Foxi3 transcription factor activity is mediated by a C-terminal transactivation domain and regulated by the Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17249. [PMID: 30467319 PMCID: PMC6250667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Forkhead box (FOX) family consists of at least 19 subgroups of transcription factors which are characterized by the presence of an evolutionary conserved ‘forkhead’ or ‘winged-helix’ DNA-binding domain. Despite having a conserved core DNA binding domain, FOX proteins display remarkable functional diversity and are involved in many developmental and cell specific processes. In the present study, we focus on a poorly characterized member of the Forkhead family, Foxi3, which plays a critical role in the development of the inner ear and jaw. We show that Foxi3 contains at least two important functional domains, a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and a C-terminal transactivation domain (TAD), and that it directly binds its targets in a sequence specific manner. We also show that the transcriptional activity of Foxi3 is regulated by phosphorylation, and that the activity of Foxi3 can be attenuated by its physical interaction with the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Singh
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rahul K Jangid
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alyssa Crowder
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Andrew K Groves
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Repression of Transcriptional Activity of Forkhead Box O1 by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Ameliorates Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113539. [PMID: 30424007 PMCID: PMC6274985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease manifested by hyperglycemia. It is essential to effectively control hyperglycemia to prevent complications of T2DM. Here, we hypothesize that repression of transcriptional activity of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) via histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) ameliorates hyperglycemia in T2DM rats. Methods: Male Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) and Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats aged 14 weeks were administered sodium valproate (VPA, 0.71% w/v) dissolved in water for 20 weeks. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and luciferase assay were performed for elucidation of transcriptional regulation through acetylation of FoxO1 by HDACi. Results: VPA attenuated blood glucose levels in accordance with a decrease in the expression of gluconeogenic genes in hyperglycemic OLETF rats. It has been shown that HDAC class I-specific and HDAC class IIa-specific inhibitors, as well as pan-HDAC inhibitors decrease FoxO1 enrichment at the cis-element of target gene promoters. Mutations in FoxO1 prevent its acetylation, thereby increasing its transcriptional activity. HDAC3 and HDAC4 interact with FoxO1, and knockdown of HDAC3, HDAC4, or their combination increases FoxO1 acetylation, thereby decreasing the expression of gluconeogenic genes. Conclusions: These results indicate that HDACi attenuates the transcriptional activity of FoxO1 by impeding deacetylation, thereby ameliorating hyperglycemia in T2DM rats.
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184
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McLaughlin CN, Broihier HT. Keeping Neurons Young and Foxy: FoxOs Promote Neuronal Plasticity. Trends Genet 2018; 34:65-78. [PMID: 29102406 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Any adult who has tried to take up the piano or learn a new language is faced with the sobering realization that acquiring such skills is more challenging as an adult than as a child. Neuronal plasticity, or the malleability of brain circuits, declines with age. Young neurons tend to be more adaptable and can alter the size and strength of their connections more readily than can old neurons. Myriad circuit- and synapse-level mechanisms that shape plasticity have been identified. Yet, molecular mechanisms setting the overall competence of young neurons for distinct forms of plasticity remain largely obscure. Recent studies indicate evolutionarily conserved roles for FoxO proteins in establishing the capacity for cell-fate, morphological, and synaptic plasticity in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen N McLaughlin
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Heather T Broihier
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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185
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Li J, Lv S, Qiu X, Yu J, Jiang J, Jin Y, Guo W, Zhao R, Zhang ZN, Zhang C, Luan B. BMAL1 functions as a cAMP-responsive coactivator of HDAC5 to regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis. Protein Cell 2018; 9:976-980. [PMID: 29508277 PMCID: PMC6208480 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-018-0514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sihan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinchen Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamin Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junkun Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalan Jin
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxuan Guo
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruowei Zhao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Ning Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bing Luan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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186
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Vancura A, Nagar S, Kaur P, Bu P, Bhagwat M, Vancurova I. Reciprocal Regulation of AMPK/SNF1 and Protein Acetylation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113314. [PMID: 30366365 PMCID: PMC6274705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) serves as an energy sensor and master regulator of metabolism. In general, AMPK inhibits anabolism to minimize energy consumption and activates catabolism to increase ATP production. One of the mechanisms employed by AMPK to regulate metabolism is protein acetylation. AMPK regulates protein acetylation by at least five distinct mechanisms. First, AMPK phosphorylates and inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and thus regulates acetyl-CoA homeostasis. Since acetyl-CoA is a substrate for all lysine acetyltransferases (KATs), AMPK affects the activity of KATs by regulating the cellular level of acetyl-CoA. Second, AMPK activates histone deacetylases (HDACs) sirtuins by increasing the cellular concentration of NAD⁺, a cofactor of sirtuins. Third, AMPK inhibits class I and II HDACs by upregulating hepatic synthesis of α-hydroxybutyrate, a natural inhibitor of HDACs. Fourth, AMPK induces translocation of HDACs 4 and 5 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and thus increases histone acetylation in the nucleus. Fifth, AMPK directly phosphorylates and downregulates p300 KAT. On the other hand, protein acetylation regulates AMPK activity. Sirtuin SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), an upstream kinase of AMPK, activates LKB1 and AMPK. AMPK phosphorylates and inactivates ACC, thus increasing acetyl-CoA level and promoting LKB1 acetylation and inhibition. In yeast cells, acetylation of Sip2p, one of the regulatory β-subunits of the SNF1 complex, results in inhibition of SNF1. This results in activation of ACC and reduced cellular level of acetyl-CoA, which promotes deacetylation of Sip2p and activation of SNF1. Thus, in both yeast and mammalian cells, AMPK/SNF1 regulate protein acetylation and are themselves regulated by protein acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Vancura
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Shreya Nagar
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Pritpal Kaur
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Pengli Bu
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Madhura Bhagwat
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Ivana Vancurova
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
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187
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Harachi M, Masui K, Okamura Y, Tsukui R, Mischel PS, Shibata N. mTOR Complexes as a Nutrient Sensor for Driving Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103267. [PMID: 30347859 PMCID: PMC6214109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancement in the field of molecular cancer research has clearly revealed that abnormality of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes causes tumor progression thorough the promotion of intracellular metabolism. Metabolic reprogramming is one of the strategies for cancer cells to ensure their survival by enabling cancer cells to obtain the macromolecular precursors and energy needed for the rapid growth. However, an orchestration of appropriate metabolic reactions for the cancer cell survival requires the precise mechanism to sense and harness the nutrient in the microenvironment. Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complexes are known downstream effectors of many cancer-causing mutations, which are thought to regulate cancer cell survival and growth. Recent studies demonstrate the intriguing role of mTOR to achieve the feat through metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Importantly, not only mTORC1, a well-known regulator of metabolism both in normal and cancer cell, but mTORC2, an essential partner of mTORC1 downstream of growth factor receptor signaling, controls cooperatively specific metabolism, which nominates them as an essential regulator of cancer metabolism as well as a promising candidate to garner and convey the nutrient information from the surrounding environment. In this article, we depict the recent findings on the role of mTOR complexes in cancer as a master regulator of cancer metabolism and a potential sensor of nutrients, especially focusing on glucose and amino acid sensing in cancer. Novel and detailed molecular mechanisms that amino acids activate mTOR complexes signaling have been identified. We would also like to mention the intricate crosstalk between glucose and amino acid metabolism that ensures the survival of cancer cells, but at the same time it could be exploitable for the novel intervention to target the metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Harachi
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathological Neuroscience, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Kenta Masui
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathological Neuroscience, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Yukinori Okamura
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathological Neuroscience, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Ryota Tsukui
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathological Neuroscience, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Paul S Mischel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Noriyuki Shibata
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathological Neuroscience, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
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188
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Gongol B, Sari I, Bryant T, Rosete G, Marin T. AMPK: An Epigenetic Landscape Modulator. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103238. [PMID: 30347687 PMCID: PMC6214086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated by AMP-dependent and -independent mechanisms, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a central role in the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and cellular survival. AMPK regulates a diverse set of signaling networks that converge to epigenetically mediate transcriptional events. Reversible histone and DNA modifications, such as acetylation and methylation, result in structural chromatin alterations that influence transcriptional machinery access to genomic regulatory elements. The orchestration of these epigenetic events differentiates physiological from pathophysiological phenotypes. AMPK phosphorylation of histones, DNA methyltransferases and histone post-translational modifiers establish AMPK as a key player in epigenetic regulation. This review focuses on the role of AMPK as a mediator of cellular survival through its regulation of chromatin remodeling and the implications this has for health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Gongol
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Indah Sari
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Tiffany Bryant
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Geraldine Rosete
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Traci Marin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
- Department of Health Sciences, Victor Valley College, Victorville, CA 92395, USA.
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189
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Wein MN, Foretz M, Fisher DE, Xavier RJ, Kronenberg HM. Salt-Inducible Kinases: Physiology, Regulation by cAMP, and Therapeutic Potential. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:723-735. [PMID: 30150136 PMCID: PMC6151151 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) represent a subfamily of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family kinases. Initially named because SIK1 (the founding member of this kinase family) expression is regulated by dietary salt intake in the adrenal gland, it is now apparent that a major biological role of these kinases is to control gene expression in response to extracellular cues that increase intracellular levels of cAMP. Here, we review four physiologically relevant examples of how cAMP signaling impinges upon SIK cellular function. By focusing on examples of cAMP-mediated SIK regulation in gut myeloid cells, bone, liver, and skin, we highlight recent advances in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signal transduction. New knowledge regarding the role of SIKs in GPCR signaling has led to therapeutic applications of novel small molecule SIK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc N Wein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Marc Foretz
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris 75014, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - David E Fisher
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Henry M Kronenberg
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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190
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Zou C, Zhang Q, Zhang S. Mogroside IIIE attenuates gestational diabetes mellitus through activating of AMPK signaling pathway in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 138:161-166. [PMID: 30316692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As one kind of complications of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can influence the health of maternal-child in clinical practice. The C57 BL/KsJdb/+(db/+) mice, genetic GDM model, and C57 BL/KsJ+/+ (wild-type) mice were purchased and classified into three groups: normal pregnancy (C57 BL/KsJ+/+), GDM (C57 BL/KsJdb/+), and GDM plus Mogroside IIIE (20.0 mg/kg) group. GDM symptoms (maternal body weight, serum glucose, and insulin levels), glucose and insulin tolerance, and reproductive outcome (body weight at birth and litter size of offspring) were investigated. The inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum and the pancreas were detected by ELISA and qRT-PCR, while the expression of pAMPK, AMPK, pHDAC4, HDAC4, and G6Pase in the livers were analyzed by Western Blot. Mogroside IIIE greatly improved glucose metabolism, insulin tolerance, and reproductive outcome of the GDM mice. Moreover, Mogroside IIIE treatment significantly decreased inflammatory factors expression and relieved GDM symptoms through enhanced AMPK activation, inhibited HDAC4 expression, and reduced production of G6Pase. The alleviation of GDM by Mogroside IIIE was mediated by elevated AMPK activation, which in turn inhibited HDAC4 phosphorylation, and eventually down-regulated G6Pase expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuili Zou
- Heze Municipal Hospital, No. 2888, Caozhou Road, Mudan District, Heze City 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiaoqin Zhang
- Heze Municipal Hospital, No. 2888, Caozhou Road, Mudan District, Heze City 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Heze Municipal Hospital, No. 2888, Caozhou Road, Mudan District, Heze City 274000, Shandong Province, China.
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191
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Kaowinn S, Kaewpiboon C, Koh SS, Krämer OH, Chung YH. STAT1‑HDAC4 signaling induces epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and sphere formation of cancer cells overexpressing the oncogene, CUG2. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2619-2627. [PMID: 30226605 PMCID: PMC6151883 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the novel oncogene, cancer upregulated gene 2 (CUG2), activates STAT1, which is linked to anticancer drug resistance, induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell-like phenotypes as determined by MTT, migration and sphere formation assays. We thus aimed to ascertain whether the activation of STAT1 by CUG2 is involved in these malignant phenotypes besides drug resistance. Here, we showed that STAT1 suppression decreased the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin, biomarkers of EMT, which led to inhibition of the migration and invasion of human lung A549 cancer cells stably expressing CUG2, but did not recover E-cadherin expression. STAT1 siRNA also diminished CUG2-induced TGF-β signaling, which is critical in EMT, and TGF-β transcriptional activity. Conversely, inhibition of TGF-β signaling reduced phosphorylation of STAT1, indicating a crosstalk between STAT1 and TGF-β signaling. Furthermore, STAT1 silencing diminished sphere formation, which was supported by downregulation of stemness-related factors such as Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog. Constitutive suppression of STAT1 also inhibited cell migration, invasion and sphere formation. As STAT1 acetylation counteracts STAT1 phosphorylation, acetylation of STAT1 by treatment with trichostatin A, an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), reduced cell migration, invasion, and sphere formation. As HDAC4 is known to target STAT1, its role was investigated under CUG2 overexpression. HDAC4 suppression resulted in inhibition of cell migration, invasion, and sphere formation as HDAC4 silencing hindered TGF-β signaling and decreased expression of Sox2 and Nanog. Taken together, we suggest that STAT1-HDAC4 signaling induces malignant tumor features such as EMT and sphere formation in CUG2-overexpressing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirichat Kaowinn
- BK21+, Department of Cogno‑Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chutima Kaewpiboon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Thaksin University, Phatthalung 93210, Thailand
| | - Sang Seok Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dong‑A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Oliver H Krämer
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz D‑55131, Germany
| | - Young-Hwa Chung
- BK21+, Department of Cogno‑Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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192
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Zhou X, Sen I, Lin XX, Riedel CG. Regulation of Age-related Decline by Transcription Factors and Their Crosstalk with the Epigenome. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:464-482. [PMID: 30258277 PMCID: PMC6128382 DOI: 10.2174/1389202919666180503125850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex phenomenon, where damage accumulation, increasing deregulation of biological pathways, and loss of cellular homeostasis lead to the decline of organismal functions over time. Interestingly, aging is not entirely a stochastic process and progressing at a constant rate, but it is subject to extensive regulation, in the hands of an elaborate and highly interconnected signaling network. This network can integrate a variety of aging-regulatory stimuli, i.e. fertility, nutrient availability, or diverse stresses, and relay them via signaling cascades into gene regulatory events - mostly of genes that confer stress resistance and thus help protect from damage accumulation and homeostasis loss. Transcription factors have long been perceived as the pivotal nodes in this network. Yet, it is well known that the epigenome substantially influences eukaryotic gene regulation, too. A growing body of work has recently underscored the importance of the epigenome also during aging, where it not only undergoes drastic age-dependent changes but also actively influences the aging process. In this review, we introduce the major signaling pathways that regulate age-related decline and discuss the synergy between transcriptional regulation and the epigenetic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christian G. Riedel
- Address correspondence to this author at the Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (ICMC), Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 6, Novum, 7 floor Huddinge, Stockholm 14157, Sweden; Tel: +46-736707008; E-mail:
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193
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Puca AA, Spinelli C, Accardi G, Villa F, Caruso C. Centenarians as a model to discover genetic and epigenetic signatures of healthy ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 174:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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194
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Kollar J, Frecer V. Diarylcyclopropane hydroxamic acid inhibitors of histone deacetylase 4 designed by combinatorial approach and QM/MM calculations. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 85:97-110. [PMID: 30145395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of histone deacetylase superfamily (HDAC), which induce cell cycle arrest, trigger cell death and reduce angiogenesis appear as promising anti-cancer drugs targeting the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Approved HDAC inhibitors were found effective against haematological and solid malignancies, other HDACIs are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of neurological diseases or immune disorders. Among those, diarylcyclopropane hydroxamic acids (DCHA) were found to be potent and selective inhibitors of the class IIa HDACs, specifically HDAC4, a pharmacological target for the treatment of Huntington's disease and muscular atrophy. Crystallographic analysis revealed that one of the aryl groups of the DCHA fills the lower specificity pocket of the HDAC4 catalytic site that is specific for the class IIa HDACs. We have used computer-assisted combinatorial chemistry, hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) with implicit solvation and QSAR models to optimize DCHA inhibitors and propose more potent DCHA analogues. The QM/MM approach has been selected since the process of inhibitor binding to the catalytic zinc and polar amino acid residues of the deacetylase active site induces considerable rearrangement of electron density of the inhibitor. Virtual combinatorial library consisting of 12180 DCHA analogues was focused by means of structure-based evaluation to form a small combinatorial subset enriched in potentially interesting inhibitor candidates. Two validated QSAR models making use of computed relative binding affinities of the DCHA inhibitors to the HDAC4 (ΔΔGcomQM/MM) were utilized to estimate the inhibitory potencies of the new analogues. The predicted half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50pre) of the designed analogues fall into the low nanomolar concentration range and their predicted ADME properties are also favourable. The best designed DCHA analogues contain indazole, phenylpiperidine, phenyloxazole or hydroxypyridine moieties and stabilize bound inhibitors by hydrogen bonds to the catalytic water molecule and backbone carbonyl groups of the deacetylase active site residues. This makes them more potent and more specific inhibitors towards the HDAC4 isoform than the known diarylcyclopropane hydroxamic acids. The analogues are recommended for synthesis and experimental verification of inhibitory potencies in medicinal chemistry laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kollar
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-84215, Slovakia; Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Frecer
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-83232, Slovakia; International Centre for Applied Research and Sustainable Technology (ICARST n.o.), Bratislava SK-84104, Slovakia.
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195
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Paulo E, Wu D, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Swaney DL, Soucheray M, Jimenez-Morales D, Chawla A, Krogan NJ, Wang B. Sympathetic inputs regulate adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue through cAMP-Salt inducible kinase axis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11001. [PMID: 30030465 PMCID: PMC6054673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Various physiological stimuli, such as cold environment, diet, and hormones, trigger brown adipose tissue (BAT) to produce heat through sympathetic nervous system (SNS)- and β-adrenergic receptors (βARs). The βAR stimulation increases intracellular cAMP levels through heterotrimeric G proteins and adenylate cyclases, but the processes by which cAMP modulates brown adipocyte function are not fully understood. Here we described that specific ablation of cAMP production in brown adipocytes led to reduced lipolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis, uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression, and consequently defective adaptive thermogenesis. Elevated cAMP signaling by sympathetic activation inhibited Salt-inducible kinase 2 (Sik2) through protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation in brown adipose tissue. Inhibition of SIKs enhanced Ucp1 expression in differentiated brown adipocytes and Sik2 knockout mice exhibited enhanced adaptive thermogenesis at thermoneutrality in an Ucp1-dependent manner. Taken together, our data indicate that suppressing Sik2 by PKA-mediated phosphorylation is a requisite for SNS-induced Ucp1 expression and adaptive thermogenesis in BAT, and targeting Sik2 may present a novel therapeutic strategy to ramp up BAT thermogenic activity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Paulo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 52 Haidian Road, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yangmeng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Yixuan Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Danielle L Swaney
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QBI, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Margaret Soucheray
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QBI, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - David Jimenez-Morales
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QBI, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Ajay Chawla
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QBI, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Biao Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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196
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Bridgeman SC, Ellison GC, Melton PE, Newsholme P, Mamotte CDS. Epigenetic effects of metformin: From molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20:1553-1562. [PMID: 29457866 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that links epigenetic modifications to type 2 diabetes. Researchers have more recently investigated effects of commonly used medications, including those prescribed for diabetes, on epigenetic processes. This work reviews the influence of the widely used antidiabetic drug metformin on epigenomics, microRNA levels and subsequent gene expression, and potential clinical implications. Metformin may influence the activity of numerous epigenetic modifying enzymes, mostly by modulating the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activated AMPK can phosphorylate numerous substrates, including epigenetic enzymes such as histone acetyltransferases (HATs), class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), usually resulting in their inhibition; however, HAT1 activity may be increased. Metformin has also been reported to decrease expression of multiple histone methyltransferases, to increase the activity of the class III HDAC SIRT1 and to decrease the influence of DNMT inhibitors. There is evidence that these alterations influence the epigenome and gene expression, and may contribute to the antidiabetic properties of metformin and, potentially, may protect against cancer, cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline and aging. The expression levels of numerous microRNAs are also reportedly influenced by metformin treatment and may confer antidiabetic and anticancer activities. However, as the reported effects of metformin on epigenetic enzymes act to both increase and decrease histone acetylation, histone and DNA methylation, and gene expression, a significant degree of uncertainty exists concerning the overall effect of metformin on the epigenome, on gene expression, and on the subsequent effect on the health of metformin users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Claire Bridgeman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gaewyn Colleen Ellison
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Phillip Edward Melton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip Newsholme
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cyril Desire Sylvain Mamotte
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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197
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Iron overload promotes mitochondrial fragmentation in mesenchymal stromal cells from myelodysplastic syndrome patients through activation of the AMPK/MFF/Drp1 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:515. [PMID: 29725013 PMCID: PMC5938711 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload (IO) has been reported to contribute to mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) damage, but the precise mechanism has yet to be clearly elucidated. In this study, we found that IO increased cell apoptosis and lowered cell viability in MSCs, accompanied by extensive mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagy enhancement. All these effects were reactive oxygen species (ROS) dependent. In MSCs with IO, the ATP concentrations were significantly reduced due to high ROS levels and low electron respiratory chain complex (ETC) II/III activity. Reduced ATP phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activation of AMPK kinase complexes triggered mitochondrial fission. Moreover, gene knockout of AMPK via CRISPR/Cas9 reduced cell apoptosis, enhanced cell viability and attenuated mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagy caused by IO in MSCs. Further, AMPK-induced mitochondrial fragmentation of MSCs with IO was mediated via phosphorylation of mitochondrial fission factor (MFF), a mitochondrial outer-membrane receptor for the GTPase dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Gene knockdown of MFF reversed AMPK-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in MSCs with IO. In addition, MSCs from IO patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) showed increased cell apoptosis, decreased cell viability, higher ROS levels, lower ATP concentrations and increased mitochondrial fragmentation compared with MSCs from non-IO patients. In addition, iron chelation or antioxidant weakened the activity of the AMPK/MFF/Drp1 pathway in MDS-MSCs with IO from several patients, accompanied by attenuation of mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagy. Taken together, the AMPK/MFF/Drp1 pathway has an important role in the damage to MDS-MSCs caused by IO.
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198
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Han X, Hao C, Li L, Li J, Fang M, Zheng Y, Lu J, Li P, Xu Y. HDAC4 stimulates MRTF-A expression and drives fibrogenesis in hepatic stellate cells by targeting miR-206. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47586-47594. [PMID: 28548935 PMCID: PMC5564589 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a hallmark event during liver fibrogenesis. We have previously shown that the transcriptional modulator MRTF-A contributes to liver fibrosis by programming epigenetic activation of HSCs. In the present study we investigated the mechanism whereby MRTF-A expression is regulated in this process. We report here that MRTF-A protein levels, but not mRNA levels, were up-regulated in vivo in the livers of mice induced to develop hepatic fibrosis. Pro-fibrogenic stimuli (TGF-β and PDGF-BB) also activated MRTF-A expression post-transcriptionally in vitro in cultured HSCs. miR-206 bound to the 3′-UTR of MRTF-A presumably to inhibit translation. miR-206 levels were down-regulated in response to pro-fibrogenic stimuli in vivo and in vitro allowing MRTF-A proteins to accumulate. Mechanistically, histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) was induced by pro-fibrogenic stimuli and recruited to the miR-206 promoter to repress miR-206 transcription. HDAC4 stimulated MRTF-A expression and drove fibrogenesis in HSCs in a miR-206 dependent manner. Therefore, our data reveal an HDAC4-miR-206-MRTF-A axis that can play a potentially important role in HSC activation and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chenzhi Hao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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199
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Prasad H, Rao R. Histone deacetylase-mediated regulation of endolysosomal pH. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:6721-6735. [PMID: 29567836 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The pH of the endolysosomal system is tightly regulated by a balance of proton pump and leak mechanisms that are critical for storage, recycling, turnover, and signaling functions in the cell. Dysregulation of endolysosomal pH has been linked to aging, amyloidogenesis, synaptic dysfunction, and various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that regulate luminal pH may be key to identifying new targets for managing these disorders. Meta-analysis of yeast microarray databases revealed that nutrient-limiting conditions inhibited the histone deacetylase (HDAC) Rpd3 and thereby up-regulated transcription of the endosomal Na+/H+ exchanger Nhx1, resulting in vacuolar alkalinization. Consistent with these findings, Rpd3 inhibition by the HDAC inhibitor and antifungal drug trichostatin A induced Nhx1 expression and vacuolar alkalinization. Bioinformatics analysis of Drosophila and mouse databases revealed that caloric control of the Nhx1 orthologs DmNHE3 and NHE6, respectively, is also mediated by HDACs. We show that NHE6 is a target of the transcription factor cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), a known regulator of cellular responses to low-nutrient conditions, providing a molecular mechanism for nutrient- and HDAC-dependent regulation of endosomal pH. Of note, pharmacological targeting of the CREB pathway to increase NHE6 expression helped regulate endosomal pH and correct defective clearance of amyloid Aβ in an apoE4 astrocyte model of Alzheimer's disease. These observations from yeast, fly, mouse, and cell culture models point to an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for HDAC-mediated regulation of endosomal NHE expression. Our insights offer new therapeutic strategies for modulation of endolysosomal pH in fungal infection and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Prasad
- From the Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Rajini Rao
- From the Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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200
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Shakespear MR, Iyer A, Cheng CY, Das Gupta K, Singhal A, Fairlie DP, Sweet MJ. Lysine Deacetylases and Regulated Glycolysis in Macrophages. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:473-488. [PMID: 29567326 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regulated cellular metabolism has emerged as a fundamental process controlling macrophage functions, but there is still much to uncover about the precise signaling mechanisms involved. Lysine acetylation regulates the activity, stability, and/or localization of metabolic enzymes, as well as inflammatory responses, in macrophages. Two protein families, the classical zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) and the NAD-dependent HDACs (sirtuins, SIRTs), mediate lysine deacetylation. We describe here mechanisms by which classical HDACs and SIRTs directly regulate specific glycolytic enzymes, as well as evidence that links these protein deacetylases to the regulation of glycolysis-related genes. In these contexts, we discuss HDACs and SIRTs as key control points for regulating immunometabolism and inflammatory outputs from macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Shakespear
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Abishek Iyer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Catherine Youting Cheng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Kaustav Das Gupta
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Amit Singhal
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research Centre (VIDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), National Capital Region (NCR) Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - David P Fairlie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew J Sweet
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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