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The impact of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide on the lipidomics of the hippocampus in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced depression. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 150:106464. [PMID: 32464175 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Elevated inflammation is commonly observed in depression, but whether this association is causal is not determined. Our previous basic research indicated that Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) possessed an anti-inflammatory effect. Additional recent evidence consistently suggests that depression is associated with lipid metabolism. Therefore, our study performed an untargeted lipidomics approach of ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) to reveal the potential discriminating lipid profile of the hippocampus for NBP involvement in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression. Male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly allocated to one of three groups (n = 6): control, LPS-induced model of depression (LPS), or NBP involvement in the LPS-induced model of depression (LPS + NBP). Statistical analysis was used to identify differential hippocampus lipids in the LPS, NBP + LPS, and control groups. Our study demonstrated that most of the differentially expressed lipid metabolites were involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchor biosynthesis, which may partially account for the pathophysiological process of depression. However, more pre-clinical and clinical evidence is warranted to determine the extent and consistency of the role of NBP and further elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced depression.
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152
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Tian P, O'Riordan KJ, Lee YK, Wang G, Zhao J, Zhang H, Cryan JF, Chen W. Towards a psychobiotic therapy for depression: Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 reverses chronic stress-induced depressive symptoms and gut microbial abnormalities in mice. Neurobiol Stress 2020; 12:100216. [PMID: 32258258 PMCID: PMC7109524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence points to an association between gut microbial abnormalities and depression disorder. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is an emerging target for treating depression using nutritional strategies, considering the numerous limitations of current pharmacological approaches. Here we studied the effect and probable mechanisms of psychobiotic treatment on depression. METHODS Chronically stressed C57BL/6J male mice were administered viable Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 for 5 weeks prior to behavioral testing. Brain neurological alterations, serum corticosterone, cytokines levels, fecal microbial composition, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content were measured. In addition, the effect of SCFA on 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) biosynthesis was investigated in an in vitro model of enterochromaffin cells (RIN14B). RESULTS CCFM1025 treatment significantly reduced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. The hyperactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response, as well as inflammation, were also alleviated, possibly via regulating the expression of glucocorticoid receptors (Nr3c1). Moreover, CCFM1025 also down-regulated the pCREB-c-Fos pathway but increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Meanwhile, chronic stress-induced gut microbial abnormalities were restored, accompanied by increased SCFA and 5-HTP levels. The intestinal 5-HTP biosynthesis positively correlated with fecal SCFA and Bifidobacterium breve levels. CONCLUSIONS In summary, Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 showed considerable antidepressant-like and microbiota-regulating effects, which opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies towards treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kenneth J. O'Riordan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Yuan-kun Lee
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Center of Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - John F. Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Center of Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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153
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Cowell W, Colicino E, Lee AG, Enlow MB, Flom JD, Berin C, Wright RO, Wright RJ. Data-driven discovery of mid-pregnancy immune markers associated with maternal lifetime stress: results from an urban pre-birth cohort. Stress 2020; 23:349-358. [PMID: 31664889 PMCID: PMC7210067 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1686612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes to the maternal inflammatory milieu may be a mechanism through which maternal psychosocial stress is transmitted to the fetus. Research investigating a limited number of immune markers may miss important signals. We take a proteomics approach to investigate maternal lifetime stress and 92 biomarkers of immune system status. Participants were enrolled in an urban, dual-site (Boston, n = 301 and New York City, n = 110) pregnancy cohort. We measured maternal lifetime history of stress and trauma using the validated Life Stressor Checklist-Revised (LSC-R). We measured a panel of 92 immune-related proteins in mid-pregnancy serum using proximity extension assay technology. We leveraged the dual-site study design to perform variable selection and inference within the cohort. First, we used LASSO to select immune markers related to maternal stress among Boston mothers. Then, we performed OLS regression to examine associations between maternal stress and LASSO-selected proteins among New York City mothers. LASSO regression selected 19 immune proteins with non-null coefficients (CCL11, CCL23, CD244, CST5, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL10, CX3CL1, FGF-23, IL-5, IL-7, IL-10, IL-17C, MCP-2, MMP-1, SLAMF1, ST1A1, TNF-β, and TWEAK). Of these, only the chemotactic cytokine CX3CL1 (i.e. fractalkine) was significantly associated with maternal stress among the validation sample (percent change in LSC-R score per 1% increase in relative fractalkine expression: 0.74, 95% confidence interval: 0.19, 1.28). Expanding research suggests fractalkine plays an important role in many aspects of pregnancy and fetal development and is stress-sensitive. We found that maternal lifetime history of stress and trauma was significantly associated with elevated serum fractalkine levels during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Cowell
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison G. Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Julie D. Flom
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children’s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cecilia Berin
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children’s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosalind J. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children’s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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154
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Nowacki J, Wingenfeld K, Kaczmarczyk M, Chae WR, Salchow P, Abu-Tir I, Piber D, Hellmann-Regen J, Otte C. Steroid hormone secretion after stimulation of mineralocorticoid and NMDA receptors and cardiovascular risk in patients with depression. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:109. [PMID: 32313032 PMCID: PMC7171120 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with altered mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor function, and disturbed glutamatergic signaling. Both systems are closely intertwined and likely contribute not only to the pathophysiology of MDD, but also to the increased cardiovascular risk in MDD patients. Less is known about other steroid hormones, such as aldosterone and DHEA-S, and how they affect the glutamatergic system and cardiovascular disease risk in MDD. We examined salivary cortisol, aldosterone, and DHEA-S secretion after stimulation of MR and glutamatergic NMDA receptors in 116 unmedicated depressed patients, and 116 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Patients (mean age = 34.7 years, SD = ±13.3; 78% women) and controls were randomized to four conditions: (a) control condition (placebo), (b) MR stimulation (0.4 mg fludrocortisone), (c) NMDA stimulation (250 mg D-cycloserine (DCS)), and (d) combined MR/NMDA stimulation (fludrocortisone + DCS). We additionally determined the cardiovascular risk profile in both groups. DCS had no effect on steroid hormone secretion, while cortisol secretion decreased in both fludrocortisone conditions across groups. Independent of condition, MDD patients showed (1) increased cortisol, increased aldosterone, and decreased DHEA-S concentrations, and (2) increased glucose levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with controls. Depressed patients show profound alterations in several steroid hormone systems that are associated both with MDD pathophysiology and increased cardiovascular risk. Prospective studies should examine whether modulating steroid hormone levels might reduce psychopathology and cardiovascular risk in depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Nowacki
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katja Wingenfeld
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Kaczmarczyk
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Woo Ri Chae
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Salchow
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ikram Abu-Tir
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominique Piber
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Hellmann-Regen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Otte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
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155
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Rosso P, Iannitelli A, Pacitti F, Quartini A, Fico E, Fiore M, Greco A, Ralli M, Tirassa P. Vagus nerve stimulation and Neurotrophins: a biological psychiatric perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:338-353. [PMID: 32278791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since 2004, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been used in treatment-resistant or treatment-intolerant depressive episodes. Today, VNS is suggested as possible therapy for a larger spectrum of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorders, and panic disorders. Despite a large body of literature supports the application of VNS in patients' treatment, the exact mechanism of action of VNS remains not fully understood. In the present study, the major knowledges on the brain areas and neuronal pathways regulating neuroimmune and autonomic response subserving VNS effects are reviewed. Furthermore, the involvement of the neurotrophins (NTs) Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in vagus nerve (VN) physiology and stimulation is revised. The data on brain NGF/BDNF synthesis and in turn on the activity-dependent plasticity, connectivity rearrangement and neurogenesis, are presented and discussed as potential biomarkers for optimizing stimulatory parameters for VNS. A vagus nerve-neurotrophin interaction model in the brain is finally proposed as a working hypothesis for future studies addressed to understand pathophysiology of psychiatric disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Rosso
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biochemistry & Cell Biology (IBBC), Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Iannitelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Pacitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy; Psychiatry Unit San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Adele Quartini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Elena Fico
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biochemistry & Cell Biology (IBBC), Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fiore
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biochemistry & Cell Biology (IBBC), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Tirassa
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biochemistry & Cell Biology (IBBC), Rome, Italy.
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156
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Mesches GA, Wisner KL, Betcher HK. A common clinical conundrum: Antidepressant treatment of depression in pregnant women. Semin Perinatol 2020; 44:151229. [PMID: 32085857 PMCID: PMC7214132 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Depression during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal, pregnancy, and infant outcomes. Treatment during pregnancy requires a balanced discussion of the risks of both drug exposure and untreated depression. An updated review of the epidemiology, outcomes, and management of maternal depression is presented. Adverse outcomes are associated with both maternal depression and antidepressants. Research gaps include data on the longitudinal developmental trajectory of offspring exposed to antidepressants compared to depression, with assessment of in utero symptom exposure and environmental exposures. Additionally, neonatal syndrome associated with antidepressant use during pregnancy has no consensus definition or mechanistic explanation. With sophisticated large-scale epidemiologic studies, there has been progress in distinguishing the impact of depression processes from medication used for treatment. Optimal treatment of perinatal depression includes close symptom monitoring and medication adjustments to maintain symptom remission. This evolving field requires frequent consultation with reproductive data sources included in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle A. Mesches
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katherine L. Wisner
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hannah K. Betcher
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA,Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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157
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Rubin LH, Langenecker SA, Phan KL, Keating SM, Neigh GN, Weber KM, Maki PM. Remitted depression and cognition in HIV: The role of cortisol and inflammation. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 114:104609. [PMID: 32062371 PMCID: PMC7254879 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In major depressive disorder (MDD) and remitted MDD (rMDD) alterations in cortisol and inflammation are associated with cognitive difficulties, but these relationships have not been investigated in HIV. We used secondary data from a placebo-controlled, cross-over study of cognitive performance following a probe of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (low dose hydrocortisone; LDH 10 mg) in 65 people with HIV (PWH; 36 women). Using placebo data, we examined sex-specific associations between two biomarkers - basal afternoon salivary cortisol and salivary inflammatory cytokines - cognition, and rMDD. Salivary cortisol and inflammatory biomarkers were sampled across the 5 -h study. The panel of inflammatory markers included interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF)-α, CRP, interferon gamma-induced protein (IP-10), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, monokine induced by interferon (MIG), matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9, and MMP-1. Learning, memory, attention/concentration, and executive function were assessed 30 min and 4 h after the placebo intervention; visuospatial ability was also assessed 30 min after the placebo intervention. For women but not men with HIV, basal cortisol concentrations were higher in rMDD versus noMDD groups, and related to poorer learning and memory. For men and women with HIV, basal inflammatory cytokines were higher in rMDD versus noMDD groups, but were negatively related to cognition independent of rMDD status. Cortisol and cytokines relate to cognition in PWH, but the associations depended on sex, rMDD status, and their interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah H Rubin
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - Scott A Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - K Luan Phan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sheila M Keating
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kathleen M Weber
- CORE Center, Cook County Health and Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Pauline M Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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158
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Troubat R, Barone P, Leman S, Desmidt T, Cressant A, Atanasova B, Brizard B, El Hage W, Surget A, Belzung C, Camus V. Neuroinflammation and depression: A review. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:151-171. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Barone
- UMR 1253 iBrain Université de Tours Inserm Tours France
| | - Samuel Leman
- UMR 1253 iBrain Université de Tours Inserm Tours France
| | - Thomas Desmidt
- UMR 1253 iBrain Université de Tours Inserm Tours France
- CHRU de Tours Tours France
| | | | | | - Bruno Brizard
- UMR 1253 iBrain Université de Tours Inserm Tours France
| | - Wissam El Hage
- UMR 1253 iBrain Université de Tours Inserm Tours France
- CHRU de Tours Tours France
| | | | | | - Vincent Camus
- UMR 1253 iBrain Université de Tours Inserm Tours France
- CHRU de Tours Tours France
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159
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Giacobbe J, Benoiton B, Zunszain P, Pariante CM, Borsini A. The Anti-Inflammatory Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Metabolites in Pre-Clinical Models of Psychiatric, Neurodegenerative, and Neurological Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:122. [PMID: 32180741 PMCID: PMC7059745 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been identified as one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Despite the role of inflammation in those conditions, there is still a lack of effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) can reduce depressive symptoms and exert anti-inflammatory action putatively by the production of distinct n-3 PUFA-derived metabolites, such as resolvins D (RvD) and E (RvE) series, maresins (MaR) and protectins (PD), which are collectively named specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and act as strong anti-inflammatory agents. In this review we summarize evidence showing the effects of treatment with those metabolites in pre-clinical models of psychiatric, neurodegenerative and neurological disorders. A total of 25 pre-clinical studies were identified using the PubMed database. Overall, RvD and RvE treatment improved depressive-like behaviors, whereas protectins and maresins ameliorated neurological function. On a cellular level, RvDs increased serotonin levels in a model of depression, and decreased gliosis in neurodegenerative disorders. Protectins prevented neurite and dendrite retraction and apoptosis in models of neurodegeneration, while maresins reduced cell death across all studies. In terms of mechanisms, all SPMs down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines. Resolvins activated mTOR and MAP/ERK signaling in models of depression, while resolvins and maresins activated the NF-κB pathway in models of neurodegeneration and neurological disorders. Our review indicates a potential promising approach for tailored therapy with n-3 PUFAs-derived metabolites in the treatment of psychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Giacobbe
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bonnie Benoiton
- Guy's King's and St. Thomas' School of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Zunszain
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Borsini
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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160
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Santoft F, Hedman-Lagerlöf E, Salomonsson S, Lindsäter E, Ljótsson B, Kecklund G, Lekander M, Andreasson A. Inflammatory cytokines in patients with common mental disorders treated with cognitive behavior therapy. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 3:100045. [PMID: 34589836 PMCID: PMC8474381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral inflammation has been found associated with psychiatric disorders. However, results are inconclusive as to its role in common mental disorders (CMDs), i.e., depression, anxiety, insomnia and stress-related disorders. Further, some research suggests that cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) could reduce inflammatory markers in CMDs. In the present study, we measured pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6] and IL-8) pre- and post-treatment in two clinical trials (N = 367) investigating CBT for patients with CMDs in primary care. We hypothesized that higher levels of these cytokines would be associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms (i.e., symptoms of depression, stress and anxiety). We also hypothesized that level of cytokines would decrease after CBT and that the reduced levels would correlate with a reduction in symptoms. Results showed that in men, higher levels of TNF-α were associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms. Further, age moderated the association between TNF-α, as well as IL-6, and stress, and exploratory stratified analyses revealed significant associations in subgroups. No other significant associations between cytokines and psychiatric symptoms were found. None of the cytokines were reduced following CBT, and the marked improvements in psychiatric symptoms after treatment were not associated with changes in cytokines. In conclusion, although inflammation might be of relevance in subgroups, it seems to be of limited importance for clinical improvements across mild to moderate CMDs. Immune dysregulation has been implicated in the etiology of common mental disorders. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured pre and post cognitive behavior therapy. Baseline associations between cytokines and symptoms were only found in subgroups. Cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8) were not reduced after treatment. Symptom improvement was not accompanied by reductions in cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Santoft
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding author. Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sigrid Salomonsson
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elin Lindsäter
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brjánn Ljótsson
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Andreasson
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
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Thiele S, Sörensen A, Weis J, Braun F, Meyer PT, Coenen VA, Döbrössy MD. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Medial Forebrain Bundle in a Rodent Model of Depression: Exploring Dopaminergic Mechanisms with Raclopride and Micro-PET. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2020; 98:8-20. [PMID: 31982883 DOI: 10.1159/000504860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) can reverse depressive-like symptoms clinically and in experimental models of depression, but the mechanisms of action are unknown. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the role of dopaminergic mechanisms in MFB stimulation-mediated behavior changes, in conjunction with raclopride administration and micropositron emission tomography (micro-PET). METHODS Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rats were allocated into 4 groups: FSL (no treatment), FSL+ (DBS), FSL.R (FSL with raclopride), and FSL.R+ (FSL with raclopride and DBS). Animals were implanted with bilateral electrodes targeting the MFB and given 11 days access to raclopride in the drinking water with or without concurrent continuous bilateral DBS over the last 10 days. Behavioral testing was conducted after stimulation. A PET scan using [18F]desmethoxyfallypride was performed to determine D2 receptor availability before and after raclopride treatment. Changes in gene expression in the nucleus accumbens and the hippocampus were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Micro-PET imaging showed that raclopride administration blocked 36% of the D2 receptor in the striatum, but the relative level of blockade was reduced/modulated by stimulation. Raclopride treatment enhanced depressive-like symptoms in several tasks, and the MFB DBS partially reversed the depressive-like phenotype. The raclopride-treated MFB DBS animals had increased levels of mRNA coding for dopamine receptor D1 and D2 suggestive of a stimulation-mediated increase in dopamine receptors. CONCLUSION Data suggest that chronic and continuous MFB DBS could act via the modulation of the midbrain dopaminergic transmission, including impacting on the postsynaptic dopamine receptor profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Thiele
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arnd Sörensen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Weis
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Braun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp T Meyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Volker A Coenen
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Máté D Döbrössy
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany,
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162
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Cai L, Mu YR, Liu MM, Tang WJ, Li R. Antidepressant-like effects of penta-acetyl geniposide in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression rat model: Involvement of inhibiting neuroinflammation in prefrontal cortex and regulating hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106182. [PMID: 31981962 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that penta-acetyl geniposide ((Ac)5GP, an acetylated derivative of geniposide) exhibited better pharmacological functions than geniposide, a major active component of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. This study demonstrated the antidepressant-like effects of (Ac)5GP and its involved mechanisms using a rat depression model caused by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Behavioral tests including sucrose preference, open field and forced swimming were applied to evaluate depression symptoms. IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA and protein levels in prefrontal cortex (PFC) were respectively measured by quantitative PCR and ELISA. The protein levels of IκBα, p-IκBα, NF-κB p65, NLRP3, pro- and mature-IL-1β in PFC were determined by western blot. The activity of hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis was also measured. (Ac)5GP treatment alleviated the CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors in rats, as indicated by increased sucrose intake, increased total crossing and rearing numbers, improved central activity and reduced immobility time. (Ac)5GP reversed the CUMS-induced elevations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA and protein levels in PFC. (Ac)5GP reduced degradation and phosphorylation of IκBα and protein level of nuclear NF-κB p65 in PFC. (Ac)5GP also decreased the mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 and reduced the ratio of mature-IL-1β protein over total IL-1β protein (pro-IL-1β + mature-IL-1β) in PFC. Moreover, (Ac)5GP reduced serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone/corticosterone and mRNA level of hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone. In conclusion, (Ac)5GP treatment improved the depressive-like behaviors in CUMS rats perhaps by suppressing neuroinflammation in PFC and inhibiting activations of NF-κB and NLRP3 and also attenuating HPA axis hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yu-Rong Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wen-Jian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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163
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Charles SJ, Farias M, Dunbar RI. The aetiology of social deficits within mental health disorders: The role of the immune system and endogenous opioids. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 1:100003. [PMID: 38377411 PMCID: PMC8474498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The American National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH) has put out a set of research goals that include a long-term plan to identify more reliable endogenous explanations for a wide variety of mental health disorders (Insel, 2013). In response to this, we have identified a major symptom that underlies multiple mental health disorders - social bonding dysfunction. We suggest that endogenous opioid abnormalities can lead to altered social bonding, which is a symptom of various mental health disorders, including depression, schizophrenia and ASD. This article first outlines how endogenous opioids play a role in social bonding. Then we show their association with the body's inflammation immune function, and review recent literature linking inflammation to mental health 'immunophenotypes'. We finish by explaining how these immunophenotypes may be caused by alterations in the endogenous opioid system. This is the first overview of the role of inflammation across multiple disorders where we provide a biochemical explanation for why immunophenotypes might exist across diagnoses. We propose a novel mechanism of how the immune system may be causing 'sickness-type' behaviours (fatigue, appetite change, social withdrawal and inhibited motivation) in those who have these immunophenotypes. We hope that this novel aetiology can be used as a basis for future research in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Charles
- Brain, Belief and Behaviour Research Lab, Centre for Trust Peace and Social Relations, Coventry University, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Farias
- Brain, Belief and Behaviour Research Lab, Centre for Trust Peace and Social Relations, Coventry University, United Kingdom
| | - Robin I.M. Dunbar
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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164
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Gulyaeva NV. Biochemical Mechanisms and Translational Relevance of Hippocampal Vulnerability to Distant Focal Brain Injury: The Price of Stress Response. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1306-1328. [PMID: 31760920 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919110087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Focal brain injuries (in particular, stroke and traumatic brain injury) induce with high probability the development of delayed (months, years) cognitive and depressive disturbances which are frequently comorbid. The association of these complications with hippocampal alterations (in spite of the lack of a primary injury of this structure), as well as the lack of a clear dependence between the probability of depression and dementia development and primary damage severity and localization served as the basis for a new hypothesis on the distant hippocampal damage as a key link in the pathogenesis of cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. According to this hypothesis, the excess of corticosteroids secreted after a focal brain damage, in particular in patients with abnormal stress-response due to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) dysfunction, interacts with corticosteroid receptors in the hippocampus inducing signaling pathways which stimulate neuroinflammation and subsequent events including disturbances in neurogenesis and hippocampal neurodegeneration. In this article, the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with the regulatory role of the HPAA and multiple functions of brain corticosteroid receptors in the hippocampus are analyzed. Functional and structural damage to the hippocampus, a brain region selectively vulnerable to external factors and responding to them by increased cytokine secretion, forms the basis for cognitive function disturbances and psychopathology development. This concept is confirmed by our own experimental data, results of other groups and by prospective clinical studies of post-stroke complications. Clinically relevant biochemical approaches to predict the risks and probability of post-stroke/post-trauma cognitive and depressive disturbances are suggested using the evaluation of biochemical markers of patients' individual stress-response. Pathogenetically justified ways for preventing these consequences of focal brain damage are proposed by targeting key molecular mechanisms underlying hippocampal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Gulyaeva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia. .,Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Healthcare Department of Moscow, Moscow, 115419, Russia
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165
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Hair cortisol and depressive symptoms in youth: An investigation of curvilinear relationships. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 109:104376. [PMID: 31351399 PMCID: PMC6986562 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the prevalence of depression is increasing among youth in the U.S., research on the utility of biomarkers in predicting depressive symptomatology is burgeoning. Hair cortisol may be a useful biomarker as it is a retrospective and longer-term measure of the mean cortisol level. However, studies have yet to examine the relationships between hair cortisol and depressive symptoms in samples of youth, and findings with adult samples are mixed. This study examined hair cortisol as a predictor of depressive symptoms, including the potential for nonlinear relationships. METHODS A representative community sample of 432 adolescents aged 11 to 17 years was examined. Depressive symptoms were measured using a 9-item short-form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. Hair was cut from the posterior vertex region of the scalp using thinning shears. Hair was washed, minced, ground and assayed with Salimetrics® Cortisol Enzyme Immunoassay Kit. Hair cortisol levels were logged for statistical analysis. RESULTS In multivariable regression analysis, no significant linear relationship was found in model 1 between hair cortisol and depressive symptoms (b= -0.036, se = 0.02, p = 0.13). In model 2, a marginally significant linear association (b= -0.044, se = 0.02, p-value = 0.06) and a significant curvilinear relationship (b = 0.039, se = 0.01, p-value = 0.005) were found between hair cortisol and depressive symptoms. The results were graphed depicting a u-shaped curve such that hair cortisol levels on the lower and higher end of the distribution predicted depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the need to consider investigation of nonlinear associations between cortisol and depressive symptoms. Longitudinal mechanistic research is needed to elucidate the causal relationships between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation and depressive symptoms as well as a better understanding of the biological mechanisms through which cortisol may contribute to depressive symptoms and psychopathology.
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166
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Cryan JF, O'Riordan KJ, Cowan CSM, Sandhu KV, Bastiaanssen TFS, Boehme M, Codagnone MG, Cussotto S, Fulling C, Golubeva AV, Guzzetta KE, Jaggar M, Long-Smith CM, Lyte JM, Martin JA, Molinero-Perez A, Moloney G, Morelli E, Morillas E, O'Connor R, Cruz-Pereira JS, Peterson VL, Rea K, Ritz NL, Sherwin E, Spichak S, Teichman EM, van de Wouw M, Ventura-Silva AP, Wallace-Fitzsimons SE, Hyland N, Clarke G, Dinan TG. The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:1877-2013. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00018.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1243] [Impact Index Per Article: 248.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the gut-brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been appreciated. However, the past 15 yr have seen the emergence of the microbiota (the trillions of microorganisms within and on our bodies) as one of the key regulators of gut-brain function and has led to the appreciation of the importance of a distinct microbiota-gut-brain axis. This axis is gaining ever more traction in fields investigating the biological and physiological basis of psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, age-related, and neurodegenerative disorders. The microbiota and the brain communicate with each other via various routes including the immune system, tryptophan metabolism, the vagus nerve and the enteric nervous system, involving microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino acids, and peptidoglycans. Many factors can influence microbiota composition in early life, including infection, mode of birth delivery, use of antibiotic medications, the nature of nutritional provision, environmental stressors, and host genetics. At the other extreme of life, microbial diversity diminishes with aging. Stress, in particular, can significantly impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis at all stages of life. Much recent work has implicated the gut microbiota in many conditions including autism, anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Animal models have been paramount in linking the regulation of fundamental neural processes, such as neurogenesis and myelination, to microbiome activation of microglia. Moreover, translational human studies are ongoing and will greatly enhance the field. Future studies will focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis and attempt to elucidate microbial-based intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kenneth J. O'Riordan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Caitlin S. M. Cowan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kiran V. Sandhu
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcus Boehme
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Martin G. Codagnone
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sofia Cussotto
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Christine Fulling
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Anna V. Golubeva
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katherine E. Guzzetta
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Minal Jaggar
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Caitriona M. Long-Smith
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Joshua M. Lyte
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jason A. Martin
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alicia Molinero-Perez
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Moloney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Emanuela Morelli
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Enrique Morillas
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rory O'Connor
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Joana S. Cruz-Pereira
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Veronica L. Peterson
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kieran Rea
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Nathaniel L. Ritz
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoin Sherwin
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Simon Spichak
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Emily M. Teichman
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcel van de Wouw
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ana Paula Ventura-Silva
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Shauna E. Wallace-Fitzsimons
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Niall Hyland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G. Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; and Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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167
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Atique-Ur-Rehman H, Neill JC. Cognitive dysfunction in major depression: From assessment to novel therapies. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 202:53-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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168
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Effects of SSRIs on peripheral inflammatory cytokines in patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:105-110. [PMID: 31163212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive research into psychoneuroimmunology has led to substantial advances in our understanding of the reciprocal interactions between the central nervous system and the immune system in neuropsychiatric disorders. To date, inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety. The immunomodulating effects of antidepressants on depression have been reported, however, there is no evidence of the similar effects of antidepressants on anxiety. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on peripheral inflammatory cytokines in patients with first episode generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). METHODS A prospective cohort design was employed: 42 patients with first episode GAD were treated with either escitalopram or sertraline for 12 weeks. Anxiety was measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory, serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and CRP determined by an immunoturbidimetric method before and after SSRIs treatment RESULTS: Baseline levels of anxiety and pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IFN-γ, and CRP were significantly reduced after treatment of SSRIs (p < 0.05 in all cases). In addition, the change of anxiety measures co-vary with the change of peripheral cytokine levels (p < 0.05 in all cases). The regression model revealed that log transformed baseline levels of CRP and IL-6 predicted treatment response (p < 0.05 in both cases). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to investigate the effects of SSRIs on pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with first episode GAD. The findings indicate moderate acute anti-inflammatory effects of SSRIs in GAD, and suggest that these anti-inflammatory effects may underlie anxiolytic effects of SSRIs. The study also indicates that serum levels of CRP and IL-6 may predict treatment response. However, data from randomized controlled trials is warranted to confirm these findings.
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169
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Sforzini L, Pariante CM, Palacios JE, Tylee A, Carvalho LA, Viganò CA, Nikkheslat N. Inflammation associated with coronary heart disease predicts onset of depression in a three-year prospective follow-up: A preliminary study. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:659-664. [PMID: 31344494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression frequently co-occurs with coronary heart disease (CHD), worsening clinical outcomes of both, and inflammation has been proposed as a biological link between these two disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of inflammation in the development of depression in CHD patients during a 3-year follow-up. We examined the inflammatory biomarker, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), measured at baseline, as a potential predictor of later onset of depression. We recruited 89 CHD patients, who were assessed at baseline and then every 6 months, for three years. The sample included, at baseline, 25 depressed and 64 non-depressed CHD patients, as confirmed by Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS-R). Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and all follow-up points by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). In all CHD patients (n = 89), we found a significant positive correlation between hsCRP levels and the severity of depressive symptoms at baseline (PHQ-9, r = 0.23, p = 0.032). During follow-up, n = 21 patients (of the 64 non-depressed at baseline) developed depression, defined as being PHQ-9 positive (a score ≥ 10) in at least one follow-up assessment. Of these, n = 9 subjects were defined as developing clinically-significant depression, that is, having a positive PHQ-9 in at least 3 of the 6 follow-up assessments, implying a duration of symptoms of at least one year. We found that increased hsCRP values at baseline predicted future onset of depression. Specifically, baseline hsCRP values were higher in patients who later developed clinically-significant depression (mean ± SD; 6.76 ± 6.52 mg/L) compared with never-depressed (2.77 ± 3.13 mg/L; F(1,48) = 7.29, p = 0.010), even after controlling for baseline PHQ-9 scores. In conclusion, inflammation in CHD patients is associated with future development of clinically-significant depression. HsCRP, a reliable and ready-to-use biological marker of inflammation, may help to identify depression high-risk phenotypes even among CHD patients, who already have high baseline inflammation. Our study conveys important preliminary findings that will require further replication but that have the potential to affect the mental and physical health of a vulnerable group of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sforzini
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jorge E Palacios
- E-mental Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andre Tylee
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Livia A Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Caterina A Viganò
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Naghmeh Nikkheslat
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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170
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Bhattacharyya S, Dunlop BW, Mahmoudiandehkordi S, Ahmed AT, Louie G, Frye MA, Weinshilboum RM, Krishnan RR, Rush AJ, Mayberg HS, Craighead WE, Kaddurah-Daouk R. Pilot Study of Metabolomic Clusters as State Markers of Major Depression and Outcomes to CBT Treatment. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:926. [PMID: 31572108 PMCID: PMC6751322 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and disabling syndrome with multiple etiologies that is defined by clinically elicited signs and symptoms. In hopes of developing a list of candidate biological measures that reflect and relate closely to the severity of depressive symptoms, so-called “state-dependent” biomarkers of depression, this pilot study explored the biochemical underpinnings of treatment response to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in medication-free MDD outpatients. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and week 12 from a subset of MDD patients (N = 26) who completed a course of CBT treatment as part of the Predictors of Remission in Depression to Individual and Combined Treatments (PReDICT) study. Targeted metabolomic profiling using the AbsoluteIDQ® p180 Kit and LC-MS identified eight “co-expressed” metabolomic modules. Of these eight, three were significantly associated with change in depressive symptoms over the course of the 12-weeks. Metabolites found to be most strongly correlated with change in depressive symptoms were branched chain amino acids, acylcarnitines, methionine sulfoxide, and α-aminoadipic acid (negative correlations with symptom change) as well as several lipids, particularly the phosphatidlylcholines (positive correlation). These results implicate disturbed bioenergetics as an important state marker in the pathobiology of MDD. Exploratory analyses contrasting remitters to CBT versus those who failed the treatment further suggest these metabolites may serve as mediators of recovery during CBT treatment. Larger studies examining metabolomic change patterns in patients treated with pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy will be necessary to elucidate the biological underpinnings of MDD and the -specific biologies of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeepa Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Boadie W Dunlop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Siamak Mahmoudiandehkordi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ahmed T Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gregory Louie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Mark A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Richard M Weinshilboum
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ranga R Krishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - A John Rush
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University, Health Sciences Center, Permian Basin, TX, United States.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helen S Mayberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - W Edward Craighead
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rima Kaddurah-Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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171
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Geng J, Liu J, Yuan X, Liu W, Guo W. Andrographolide triggers autophagy-mediated inflammation inhibition and attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 379:114688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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172
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Fiacco S, Walther A, Ehlert U. Steroid secretion in healthy aging. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 105:64-78. [PMID: 30314729 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, people spend a considerable amount of their lives as older adults, but this longer lifespan is often accompanied by an increase in chronic conditions and disease, resulting in reduced quality of life and unprecedented societal and economic burden. Healthy aging is therefore increasingly recognized as a healthcare priority. Physical and mental adaptations to changes over the life course, and the maintenance of well-being, represent pivotal challenges in healthy aging. To capture the complexity of healthy aging, we propose a specific phenotype based on body composition, cognition, mood, and sexual function as indicators of different dimensions of healthy aging. With increasing age, sex hormones as well as glucocorticoids undergo significant alterations, and different patterns emerge for women and men. This review describes age-related patterns of change for women and men, and sheds light on the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, an overview is provided of the challenges for healthy aging resulting from these age-related steroid alterations. While clinical practice guidelines recommend hormonal treatment only in the case of consistently low hormone levels and symptoms of hormone deficiency, physical exercise and a healthy lifestyle emerge as preventive strategies which can counter age-related hormonal changes and at best prevent chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Fiacco
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; URPP Dynamics of Healthy Aging Research Priority Program, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Walther
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Biopsychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ehlert
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; URPP Dynamics of Healthy Aging Research Priority Program, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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173
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Perrin AJ, Horowitz MA, Roelofs J, Zunszain PA, Pariante CM. Glucocorticoid Resistance: Is It a Requisite for Increased Cytokine Production in Depression? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:423. [PMID: 31316402 PMCID: PMC6609575 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glucocorticoid resistance-reduced function of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-is seen in many depressed patients. It is argued that this resistance to glucocorticoids leads to failure of normal feedback regulation on the immune system. High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines result. Purpose: We sought to identify evidence supporting or refuting a link between glucocorticoid resistance and immune dysregulation in depression and to summarize retrieved evidence in aggregate form. Methods: We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that examined cytokine levels in depressed patients compared with controls and that also reported a measure of glucocorticoid resistance. These measures included plasma cortisol, the dexamethasone suppression test (DST), GR expression levels, and the results of in vitro assays of GR function. We conducted four separate meta-analyses to test for moderating effects of glucocorticoid resistance on cytokine production in depression. Results: After sub-grouping 32 studies by the ratio of cortisol levels in patients compared with controls, we observed a trend for increasing glucocorticoid resistance (i.e., the most hypercortisolemic patients) to be associated with increased production of interleukin (IL)-6 [d = 0.94; 95% CI (0.29, 1.59)] and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α [d = 0.46; 95% CI (0.12, 0.79)]. We stratified nine studies that reported DST results by relative glucocorticoid resistance between patients and controls, identifying a trend for higher glucocorticoid resistance in patients, compared with controls, to be associated with higher cytokine production in patients (170 patients and 187 controls). This was particularly evident when studies were sub-grouped by source of cytokine-plasma (d = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.57-1.50) versus in vitro (d = 0.24; 95% CI, -0.20 to 0.67). Stratifying the four studies (147 patients and 118 controls) that used in vitro assays of GR function or GR expression to quantify glucocorticoid resistance revealed variable contributions to cytokine production in patients compared with controls (overall effect size: d = 1.35; 95% CI 0.53-2.18). Combining our analyses of studies that reported DST results with those that used in vitro assays of GR function or GR expression to quantify glucocorticoid resistance (302 patients and 277 controls), we noted that although depressed patients produced more cytokines than controls (d = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.55-1.49), there was no evident positive correlation between glucocorticoid resistance and inflammation. Conclusions: Our work provides some support for a model conceptualizing glucocorticoid resistance as a requisite for increased inflammation in depression. The limited number of studies identified highlights the need for purpose-designed investigations that directly examine the relationship between glucocorticoid resistance and cytokine production in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Perrin
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinician Investigator Program and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark A. Horowitz
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Roelofs
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia A. Zunszain
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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174
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Wang H, Zhang M, Xie Q, Yu J, Qi Y, Yue Q. Identification of diagnostic markers for major depressive disorder by cross-validation of data from whole blood samples. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7171. [PMID: 31275757 PMCID: PMC6590482 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe disease characterized by multiple pathological changes. However, there are no reliable diagnostic biomarkers for MDD. The aim of the current study was to investigate the gene network and biomarkers underlying the pathophysiology of MDD. Methods In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the mRNA expression profile of MDD using data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The MDD dataset (GSE98793) with 128 MDD and 64 control whole blood samples was divided randomly into two non-overlapping groups for cross-validated differential gene expression analysis. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING database and hub genes were identified by the CytoHubba plugin. The gene expression difference and the functional similarity of hub genes were investigated for further gene expression and function exploration. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic curve was performed to verify the diagnostic value of the hub genes. Results We identified 761 differentially expressed genes closely related to MDD. The Venn diagram and GO analyses indicated that changes in MDD are mainly enriched in ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis, antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway, catalytic activity (acting on RNA), structural constituent of ribosome, mitochondrial matrix, and mitochondrial protein complex. The GSEA suggested that tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, apoptosis pathway, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway are all crucial in the development of MDD. A total of 20 hub genes were selected via the PPI network. Additionally, the identified hub genes were downregulated and show high functional similarity and diagnostic value in MDD. Conclusions Our findings may provide novel insight into the functional characteristics of MDD through integrative analysis of GEO data, and suggest potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiqi Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuyuan Yue
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
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175
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Physical Exercise and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8323-8335. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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176
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Sadeghi O, Keshteli AH, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern is inversely associated with depression, anxiety and psychological distress. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:248-259. [PMID: 31185883 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1620425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Few studies have assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet in relation to psychological health, in particular in the Middle East.Objective: To examine the association between adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern and prevalence of psychological disorders among a large population of Iranian adults.Design: In this cross-sectional study on 3172 Iranian adults aged 18-55 years, we used a validated food frequency questionnaire for the assessment of dietary intakes. Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern was examined using the Trichopoulou et al. method. To assess psychological health, the Iranian validated version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used. Psychological distress was assessed through the use of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ).Results: Mean age of study participants was 36.54 ± 4.97 years. After controlling for potential confounders, participants with the greatest adherence to the Mediterranean diet had lower odds for depression (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.46-0.78), anxiety (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42-0.86) and psychological distress (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.45-0.79) compared with those with the lowest adherence. When the association with components of Mediterranean diet was examined, we found that high intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with a lower odds of depression, anxiety and psychological distress. In contrast, high intake of grains was positively associated with depression, anxiety and psychological distress.Conclusion: We found evidence indicating an inverse association between adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern and odds of psychological disorders including depression, anxiety and psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Sadeghi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Afshar
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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177
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Persistence of learning-induced synapses depends on neurotrophic priming of glucocorticoid receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13097-13106. [PMID: 31182610 PMCID: PMC6601006 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903203116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction upon activation of receptor tyrosine kinases by neurotrophins and nuclear receptors by glucocorticoids is essential for homeostasis. Phosphorylation (PO4) is one way these receptors communicate with one another to support homeostatic reactions in learning and memory. Using a newly developed glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-PO4–deficient knock-in mouse, we show that consolidation of learning-induced neuroplasticity depends on both GR-PO4 and neurotrophic signaling. Cross-talk between these pathways affects experience-dependent neuroplasticity and behavior, extending previous implications of neurotrophic priming of glucocorticoid response for adaptive plasticity to chronic stress and antidepressant response. Therefore, a disruption of cross-talk between these pathways by, for example, the misalignment of circadian glucocorticoid release and experience-dependent neurotrophic signaling may contribute to the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. Stress can either promote or impair learning and memory. Such opposing effects depend on whether synapses persist or decay after learning. Maintenance of new synapses formed at the time of learning upon neuronal network activation depends on the stress hormone-activated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and neurotrophic factor release. Whether and how concurrent GR and neurotrophin signaling integrate to modulate synaptic plasticity and learning is not fully understood. Here, we show that deletion of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)–dependent GR-phosphorylation (PO4) sites impairs long-term memory retention and maintenance of newly formed postsynaptic dendritic spines in the mouse cortex after motor skills training. Chronic stress and the BDNF polymorphism Val66Met disrupt the BDNF-dependent GR-PO4 pathway necessary for preserving training-induced spines and previously acquired memories. Conversely, enrichment living promotes spine formation but fails to salvage training-related spines in mice lacking BDNF-dependent GR-PO4 sites, suggesting it is essential for spine consolidation and memory retention. Mechanistically, spine maturation and persistence in the motor cortex depend on synaptic mobilization of the glutamate receptor subunit A1 (GluA1) mediated by GR-PO4. Together, these findings indicate that regulation of GR-PO4 via activity-dependent BDNF signaling is important for the formation and maintenance of learning-dependent synapses. They also define a signaling mechanism underlying these effects.
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178
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Walther A, Wasielewska JM, Leiter O. The antidepressant effect of testosterone: An effect of neuroplasticity? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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179
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Peters AT, Jenkins LM, Stange JP, Bessette KL, Skerrett KA, Kling LR, Welsh RC, Milad MR, Phan KL, Langenecker SA. Pre-scan cortisol is differentially associated with enhanced connectivity to the cognitive control network in young adults with a history of depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 104:219-227. [PMID: 30889471 PMCID: PMC6488402 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that pre-scan salivary cortisol is associated with attentuated frontal-subcortical brain activation during emotion processesing and semantic list-learning paradigms in depressed subjects. Additionally, altered functional connectivity is observed after remission of acute depression symptoms (rMDD). It is unknown whether cortisol also predicts altered functional connectivity during remission. METHODS Participants were 47 healthy controls (HC) and 73 rMDD, 18-30 years old who provided salivary cortisol samples before and after undergoing resting-state fMRI. We tested whether salivary cortisol by diagnosis interactions were associated with seed-based resting connectivity of the default mode (DMN) and salience and emotion (SN) networks using whole-brain, cluster-level corrected (p < .01) regression in SPM8. RESULTS Pre-scan cortisol predicted decreased (HC) and increased (rMDD) cross-network connectivity to the dorsal anterior cingulate, dorso-medial and lateral- prefrontal cortex, brain stem and cerebellum (all seeds) and precuneus (DMN seeds). By and large, pre/post-scan cortisol change predicted the same pattern of findings. In network analyses, cortisol predominantly predicted enhanced cross-network connectivity to cognitive control network regions in rMDD. CONCLUSIONS The association of cortisol with connections of default and salience networks to executive brain networks differs between individuals with and without a history of depression. Further investigation is needed to better understand the role of cortisol and related stress hormones as a potential primary and interactive driver of network coherence in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy T. Peters
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Lisanne M. Jenkins
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | | | - Katie L. Bessette
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry,University of Utah, Department of Psychiatry
| | | | - Leah R. Kling
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry
| | | | | | - K. Luan Phan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry,University of Illinois-Chicago, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology & Graduate Program in Neuroscience
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180
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Pariante CM. Did Spider-Man Work in the NESDA Cohort? In Immunopsychiatry, With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:787-788. [PMID: 31046936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine M Pariante
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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181
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Liu CH, Zhang GZ, Li B, Li M, Woelfer M, Walter M, Wang L. Role of inflammation in depression relapse. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:90. [PMID: 30995920 PMCID: PMC6472093 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. After the first episode, patients with remitted MDD have a 60% chance of experiencing a second episode. Consideration of therapy continuation should be viewed in terms of the balance between the adverse effects of medication and the need to prevent a possible relapse. Relapse during the early stages of MDD could be prevented more efficiently by conducting individual risk assessments and providing justification for continuing therapy. Our previous work established the neuroimaging markers of relapse by comparing patients with recurrent major depressive disorder (rMDD) in depressive and remitted states. However, it is not known which of these markers are trait markers that present before initial relapse and, consequently, predict disease course. Here, we first describe how inflammation can be translated to subtype-specific clinical features and suggest how this could be used to facilitate clinical diagnosis and treatment. Next, we address the central and peripheral functional state of the immune system in patients with MDD. In addition, we emphasize the important link between the number of depressive episodes and rMDD and use neuroimaging to propose a model for the latter. Last, we address how inflammation can affect brain circuits, providing a possible mechanism for rMDD. Our review suggests a link between inflammatory processes and brain region/circuits in rMDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Guang-Zhong Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Bin Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Meng Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Marie Woelfer
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Martin Walter
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tubeingen, 72074, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, 39118, Germany
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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182
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Midouhas E, Kokosi T, Flouri E. The quality of air outside and inside the home: associations with emotional and behavioural problem scores in early childhood. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:406. [PMID: 30987624 PMCID: PMC6466661 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study explored the role of outdoor air pollution [nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2)] and indoor air quality (measured with damp or condensation and secondhand smoke exposures) at age 9 months in emotional, conduct and hyperactivity problems at age 3 years. Method Data from 11,625 Millennium Cohort Study children living in England and Wales were modelled using multilevel regression. Results After adjusting for a host of confounders, having a damp or condensation problem at home was related to both emotional and conduct problems. Secondhand smoke exposure was associated with all three problem types. Associations with outdoor air pollution were less consistent. Conclusions Exposures to damp or condensation and secondhand smoke in the home are likely to be risk factors for child emotional and behavioural problems. Parents should continue to be educated about the dangers of exposing their children to poor air quality at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Midouhas
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK.
| | - Theodora Kokosi
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK
| | - Eirini Flouri
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK
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183
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Lee S, Lee W, Kim D, Kim E, Myung W, Kim SY, Kim H. Short-term PM 2.5 exposure and emergency hospital admissions for mental disease. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 171:313-320. [PMID: 30711732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies regarding the relationship between short-term exposure to particulate matter with a median aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and mental disease are limited. This study examined the effects of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on emergency admissions to the hospital for mental disease in Seoul, Korea. Data regarding 80,634 emergency admissions for mental diseases were collected from a nationally centralized healthcare claims database in Seoul during 2003-2013. Generalized linear models with climate variables were used to examine associations between short-term PM2.5 exposure and mental disease admissions. To comprehensively assess PM2.5 effects, we used single- and two-pollutant models, which considered other pollutants in combination with PM2.5. The relative risk (RR) of emergency admissions for mental disease was 1.008 (95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.015) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in 2-day average PM2.5 concentration. This effect persisted or became slightly stronger in the two-pollutant models that included carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, or sulfur dioxide (RR, 1.01-1.021), but association appeared to be limited to individuals < 65 years of age. Significant association was estimated only during the warm season (RR, 1.021-1.023) in the two-pollutant models. The exposure-response curve was steeper at lower concentrations, suggesting that the risk of mental disease at lower concentrations of pm2.5 (0-30 µg/m3). PM2.5 was associated with increased admissions even when it was below the World Health Organization's Air Quality Guidelines (25 μg/m3), but the association was not statistically significant. Thus, based on the data from a large database, exposure to PM2.5 was associated with increases in emergency admissions for mental diseases, and this association was significant during the warm season. PM2.5 may even affect mental disease at levels below the current air quality guidelines. These results provide substantial insight regarding the effects of air pollutants and have important implications for policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Lee
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of korea.
| | - Whanhee Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ejin Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of korea; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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184
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Woelfer M, Kasties V, Kahlfuss S, Walter M. The Role of Depressive Subtypes within the Neuroinflammation Hypothesis of Major Depressive Disorder. Neuroscience 2019; 403:93-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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185
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Clark CE, Rasgon NL, Reed DE, Robakis TK. Depression precedes, but does not follow, gestational diabetes. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019; 139:311-321. [PMID: 30561785 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether past history of depression is associated with increased rates of gestational diabetes, and whether history of gestational diabetes is associated with increased rates of postpartum depression. RESEARCH DESIGN Data for this case-control study consisted of de-identified chart records for 1439 women who received pregnancy care at a large university hospital between 1998 and 2017. RESULTS A history of depression prior to pregnancy was associated with gestational diabetes requiring insulin, although not with subtler degrees of gestational hyperglycemia. Diabetes in pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of postpartum depression. Trauma history was associated with both impaired glucose tolerance in pregnancy and postpartum depression. CONCLUSIONS Past episodes of depression increase risk for the most severe form of gestational diabetes; however, gestational diabetes does not contribute significantly to risk for postpartum depression. This suggests a unidirectional association, unlike the bidirectional association of diabetes with depression among the general population. History of trauma increases risk for both gestational hyperglycemia and postpartum depression, suggesting important health effects of trauma that may differ measurably from those associated with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Clark
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Natalie L Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David E Reed
- Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Thalia K Robakis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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186
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Bernaras E, Jaureguizar J, Garaigordobil M. Child and Adolescent Depression: A Review of Theories, Evaluation Instruments, Prevention Programs, and Treatments. Front Psychol 2019; 10:543. [PMID: 30949092 PMCID: PMC6435492 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is the principal cause of illness and disability in the world. Studies charting the prevalence of depression among children and adolescents report high percentages of youngsters in both groups with depressive symptoms. This review analyzes the construct and explanatory theories of depression and offers a succinct overview of the main evaluation instruments used to measure this disorder in children and adolescents, as well as the prevention programs developed for the school environment and the different types of clinical treatment provided. The analysis reveals that in mental classifications, the child depression construct is no different from the adult one, and that multiple explanatory theories must be taken into account in order to arrive at a full understanding of depression. Consequently, both treatment and prevention should also be multifactorial in nature. Although universal programs may be more appropriate due to their broad scope of application, the results are inconclusive and fail to demonstrate any solid long-term efficacy. In conclusion, we can state that: (1) There are biological factors (such as tryptophan-a building block for serotonin-depletion, for example) which strongly influence the appearance of depressive disorders; (2) Currently, negative interpersonal relations and relations with one's environment, coupled with social-cultural changes, may explain the increase observed in the prevalence of depression; (3) Many instruments can be used to evaluate depression, but it is necessary to continue to adapt tests for diagnosing the condition at an early age; (4) Prevention programs should be developed for and implemented at an early age; and (5) The majority of treatments are becoming increasingly rigorous and effective. Given that initial manifestations of depression may occur from a very early age, further and more in-depth research is required into the biological, psychological and social factors that, in an interrelated manner, may explain the appearance, development, and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bernaras
- Developmental and Educational Department, University of the Basque Country, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Joana Jaureguizar
- Developmental and Educational Psychology Department, University of the Basque Country, Lejona, Spain
| | - Maite Garaigordobil
- Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments Department, University of the Basque Country, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
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187
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Immunoregulatory natural compounds in stress-induced depression: An alternative or an adjunct to conventional antidepressant therapy? Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 127:81-88. [PMID: 30858105 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The interplay of chronic stress, neuroinflammation and altered immune reactivity has been shown to be important for the pathophysiology of brain disorders such as schizophrenia, depressive disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder. This immuno-inflammatory theory has been extensively studied in the past three decades leading to the formation of the integrative discipline of psychoneuroimmunology. Targeting of the central nervous system by conventional pharmacotherapeutic methods is mainly through modulation of neuroendocrine systems such as the dopaminergic, GABA-ergic, adrenergic and serotoninergic systems. In recent years an increasing number of both experimental and clinical studies have shown that antidepressants can affect the immune system by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. However, due to the serious adverse effects accompanying the chronic administration of psychoactive drugs there is a continuous need to produce novel therapeutics that are both potent and safe. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge in the field of psychoneuroimmunology and to delineate the main interactions between stress, inflammation, immunity and the brain. Additionally, this paper explores the use of plant-derived molecules that display a strong anti-stress effect and simultaneously modulate the immune response as an alternative or adjuvant to classical antidepressant drugs.
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188
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Yu H, Zhang F, Guan X. Baicalin reverse depressive-like behaviors through regulation SIRT1-NF-kB signaling pathway in olfactory bulbectomized rats. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1480-1489. [PMID: 30848526 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common and detrimental illness that affects up to 120 million people worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects and mechanisms of baicalin on olfactory bulbectomized model of depression. Baicalin treatment (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly reversed the abnormal levels of sucrose consumption, open field test, and forced swimming test. Treatments with baicalin reversed the olfactory bulbectomized-induced alterations of serum corticosterone levels to a great extent. Our results further demonstrated that baicalin administration negatively regulated the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Furthermore, baicalin regulated Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and decreased the levels of p65 acetylation (ac-p65) in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Moreover, in lipopolysaccharides-induced BV-2 cells, the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β), p65 acetylation at lysine 310, and SIRT1 expression were different in the group treated with both baicalin and nicotinamide compared with the group treated with baicalin, which suggests that baicalin regulates SIRT1 and thereby inhibits p65 acetylation. In summary, administration of baicalin reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, possibly through regulation of SIRT1-NF-kB pathway. Our findings suggest a support into the potential of baicalin in therapeutic effect for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Xidong Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
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189
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Kang HJ, Bae KY, Kim SW, Shin IS, Kim HR, Shin MG, Hong YJ, Ahn Y, Jeong MH, Yoon JS, Kim JM. Methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene associated with depression in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 101:42-49. [PMID: 30408722 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the longitudinal effects of NR3C1 1 F exon methylation on the risk of depression following ACS and treatment outcomes. METHODS In total, 969 patients admitted for recent ACS were recruited within 2 weeks of ACS; 711 of these patients were followed up at 1 year. Depressive disorder was diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria and included prevalent depressive disorder at baseline and incident or persistent depressive disorder at follow-up based on depression status at the two examinations. Of the 378 baseline participants who were diagnosed with depression, 255 participated in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of escitalopram, while the remaining 123 were managed with the usual medical treatment for ACS.NR3C1 1 F exon methylation was measured using peripheral blood samples, and various demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed as covariates. RESULTS Higher NR3C1 1 F exon methylation levels were independently associated with prevalent depressive disorder at baseline but not with incident or persistent depressive disorder at follow-up based on logistic regression analyses adjusted for covariates. The effects of escitalopram on the remission of depressive symptoms was not influenced by NR3C1 1 F exon methylation status in ACS patients, but a placebo effect on the remission of depressive symptoms was observed, particularly in patients with lower methylation levels. CONCLUSIONS ACS patients with higher NR3C1 1 F exon methylation levels were at higher risk of developing depressive disorder within 2 weeks of ACS. Additionally, adequate antidepressant treatment may be effective for the remission of depressive symptoms regardless of NR3C1 1 F exon methylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Yeol Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il-Seon Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye-Ran Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Geun Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Joon Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Sang Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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190
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Hellmann-Regen J, Spitzer C, Kuehl LK, Schultebraucks K, Otte C, Wingenfeld K. Altered cellular immune reactivity in traumatized women with and without major depressive disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 101:1-6. [PMID: 30391558 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis such as altered glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity and increased immune reactivity might contribute to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) precipitates vulnerability to MDD and might be associated with endocrine and immune alterations in the disorder. In order to disentangle the effects of ACE and MDD, we recruited 87 women: n = 23 with MDD and ACE as determined by clinical interview and questionnaires (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Early Trauma Inventory, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), n = 24 with MDD without ACE, n = 21 with ACE but no current or lifetime MDD, and n = 26 healthy women without either MDD or ACE. Glucocorticoid signaling and mitogen-stimulated proliferation were analyzed ex vivo in peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells. Additionally, mRNA expression of the glucocorticoid and the mineralocorticoid receptor (GR / MR) was assessed. Peripheral GR sensitivity as well as GR and MR expression levels were not significantly different between groups. Women with ACE showed an increased immune response after mitogen stimulation independent of the presence of MDD. Our results provide evidence for a functionally altered ex-vivo immune response in cell cultures from women with a history of ACE. Thus, ACE might contribute to the pathogenesis of MDD through inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hellmann-Regen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Linn K Kuehl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schultebraucks
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Otte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Wingenfeld
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
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191
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Villas Boas GR, Boerngen de Lacerda R, Paes MM, Gubert P, Almeida WLDC, Rescia VC, de Carvalho PMG, de Carvalho AAV, Oesterreich SA. Molecular aspects of depression: A review from neurobiology to treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 851:99-121. [PMID: 30776369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as unipolar depression, is one of the leading causes of disability and disease worldwide. The signs and symptoms are low self‑esteem, anhedonia, feeling of worthlessness, sense of rejection and guilt, suicidal thoughts, among others. This review focuses on studies with molecular-based approaches involving MDD to obtain an integrated, more detailed and comprehensive view of the brain changes produced by this disorder and its treatment and how the Central Nervous System (CNS) produces neuroplasticity to orchestrate adaptive defensive behaviors. This article integrates affective neuroscience, psychopharmacology, neuroanatomy and molecular biology data. In addition, there are two problems with current MDD treatments, namely: 1) Low rates of responsiveness to antidepressants and too slow onset of therapeutic effect; 2) Increased stress vulnerability and autonomy, which reduces the responses of currently available treatments. In the present review, we encourage the prospection of new bioactive agents for the development of treatments with post-transduction mechanisms, neurogenesis and pharmacogenetics inducers that bring greater benefits, with reduced risks and maximized access to patients, stimulating the field of research on mood disorders in order to use the potential of preclinical studies. For this purpose, improved animal models that incorporate the molecular and anatomical tools currently available can be applied. Besides, we encourage the study of drugs that do not present "classical application" as antidepressants, (e.g., the dissociative anesthetic ketamine and dextromethorphan) and drugs that have dual action mechanisms since they represent potential targets for novel drug development more useful for the treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Roberto Villas Boas
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados Rodovia Dourados, Itahum Km 12, Cidade Universitaria, Caixa. postal 364, CEP 79804-970, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Roseli Boerngen de Lacerda
- Department of Pharmacology of the Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, Caixa. postal 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Marina Meirelles Paes
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Gubert
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Luis da Cruz Almeida
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Cristina Rescia
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Pablinny Moreira Galdino de Carvalho
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Adryano Augustto Valladao de Carvalho
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Rua Bertioga, 892, Morada Nobre II, CEP 47810-059, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Aparecida Oesterreich
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados Rodovia Dourados, Itahum Km 12, Cidade Universitaria, Caixa. postal 364, CEP 79804-970, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
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192
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Aromatic constituents from Ganoderma lucidum and their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:58-64. [PMID: 30763720 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Five new aromatic compounds, designed as lucidumins A-D (1-4) and lucidimine E (9), along with seven known aromatic compounds (5-8, 10-12) were isolated from Ganoderma lucidum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic method. Bioactive evaluation showed that compounds 2-4 and 6-10 displayed remarkable neuroprotective activities against corticosterone-induced PC12 cell damage, with the cell viability ranging from 69.99% to 126.00%; and compounds 1-4, 9 and 10 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values ranging from 4.68 to 15.49 μM. In particular, compound 10 showed remarkable neuroprotection with EC50 value of 2.49 ± 0.12 μM, and potent anti-inflammation with IC50 value of 4.68 ± 0.09 μM.
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193
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Orio L, Alen F, Pavón FJ, Serrano A, García-Bueno B. Oleoylethanolamide, Neuroinflammation, and Alcohol Abuse. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 11:490. [PMID: 30687006 PMCID: PMC6333756 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a complex process involved in the physiopathology of many central nervous system diseases, including addiction. Alcohol abuse is characterized by induction of peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation, which hallmark is the activation of innate immunity toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4). In the last years, lipid transmitters have generated attention as modulators of parts of the addictive process. Specifically, the bioactive lipid oleoylethanolamide (OEA), which is an endogenous acylethanolamide, has shown a beneficial profile for alcohol abuse. Preclinical studies have shown that OEA is a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound that exerts neuroprotective effects in alcohol abuse. Exogenous administration of OEA blocks the alcohol-induced TLR4-mediated pro-inflammatory cascade, reducing the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and ultimately, preventing the neural damage in frontal cortex of rodents. The mechanisms of action of OEA are discussed in this review, including a protective action in the intestinal barrier. Additionally, OEA blocks cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking behavior and reduces the severity of withdrawal symptoms in animals, together with the modulation of alcohol-induced depression-like behavior and other negative motivational states associated with the abstinence, such as the anhedonia. Finally, exposure to alcohol induces OEA release in blood and brain of rodents. Clinical evidences will be highlighted, including the OEA release and the correlation of plasma OEA levels with TLR4-dependent peripheral inflammatory markers in alcohol abusers. In base of these evidences we hypothesize that the endogenous release of OEA could be a homeostatic signal to counteract the toxic action of alcohol and we propose the exploration of OEA-based pharmacotherapies to treat alcohol-use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Orio
- Department of Psychobiology and Methods in Behavioral Science, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Alen
- Department of Psychobiology and Methods in Behavioral Science, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga-Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga-Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Borja García-Bueno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, IMAS and IUING, Madrid, Spain
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194
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Fan C, Song Q, Wang P, Li Y, Yang M, Yu SY. Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin on IL-1β-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis and Depression-Like Behaviors Caused by Chronic Stress in Rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 12:516. [PMID: 30666189 PMCID: PMC6330766 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is suggested to be a neuropsychiatric disease resulting from neuroinflammation within specific brain regions. Curcumin, a potential neuroprotective agent extracted from curcuma loga, exerts antidepressant-like effects in various animal models of depression. However, the underlying mechanisms, in particular whether curcumin may exert neuroprotection through suppression of inflammatory pathway activity in depression remains largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the molecular events of curcumin as related to its capacity for neuroprotection against inflammation-induced neuronal apoptosis and depression-like behaviors in a rat model of depression. Our results show that chronic administration of curcumin (40 mg/kg, i.p., 5 weeks) prior to stress exposure significantly alleviated depression-like behaviors, expression of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and inhibited neuronal apoptosis within neurons of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Within the vmPFC of stressed rats, an intracerebral infusion of an RNAi form of IL-1β in adenovirus associated virus (AAV-IL-1β RNAi) significantly ameliorated depression-like behaviors, neuronal apoptosis and reduced phosphorylated-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) expression levels. More important, within the vmPFC of wild type rats, overexpression of IL-1β via intracerebral infusion of AAV-IL-1β induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation and neuronal apoptosis, which could be significantly prevented by chronic treatment of curcumin. Collectively, these findings reveal that curcumin protects against IL-1β-induced neuronal apoptosis, which may be related to the display of depression-like behaviors in stressed rats. Moreover, they provide new insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic potential for curcumin in the treatment of inflammation-related neuronal deterioration in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqin Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiqi Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shu Yan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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195
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Murray KN, Edye ME, Manca M, Vernon AC, Oladipo JM, Fasolino V, Harte MK, Mason V, Grayson B, McHugh PC, Knuesel I, Prinssen EP, Hager R, Neill JC. Evolution of a maternal immune activation (mIA) model in rats: Early developmental effects. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 75:48-59. [PMID: 30218784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (mIA) in rodents is rapidly emerging as a key model for neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. Here, we optimise a mIA model in rats, aiming to address certain limitations of current work in this field. Specifically, the lack of clear evidence for methodology chosen, identification of successful induction of mIA in the dams and investigation of male offspring only. We focus on gestational and early juvenile changes in offspring following mIA, as detailed information on these critical early developmental time points is sparse. Following strain (Wistar, Lister Hooded, Sprague Dawley) comparison and selection, and polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C) dose selection (2.5-15 mg/kg single or once daily for 5 days), mIA was induced in pregnant Wistar rats with 10 mg/kg poly I:C i.p. on gestational day (GD) 15. Early morphometric analysis was conducted in male and female offspring at GD21 and postnatal day (PD) 21, eight dams for each treatment at each time point were used, 32 in total. Subsequent microglia analysis was conducted at PD21 in a small group of offspring. Poly I:C at 10 mg/kg i.p. induced a robust, but variable, plasma IL-6 response 3 h post-injection and reduced body weight at 6 h and 24 h post-injection in two separate cohorts of Wistar rats at GD15. Plasma IL-6 was not elevated at PD21 in offspring or dams. Poly I:C-induced mIA did not affect litter numbers, but resulted in PD21 pup, and GD21 placenta growth restriction. Poly I:C significantly increased microglial activation at PD21 in male hippocampi. We have identified 10 mg/kg poly I:C i.p on GD15 as a robust experimental approach for inducing mIA in Wistar rats and used this to identify early neurodevelopmental changes. This work provides a framework to study the developmental trajectory of disease-relevant, sex-specific phenotypic changes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie N Murray
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle E Edye
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio Manca
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony C Vernon
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RT, United Kingdom; King's College London, MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Hospital Campus, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna M Oladipo
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Fasolino
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael K Harte
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Varsha Mason
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Grayson
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick C McHugh
- Centre for Biomarker Research and Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Knuesel
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, 124 Grenzacherstrasse, Basel, CH 4070, Switzerland
| | - Eric P Prinssen
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, 124 Grenzacherstrasse, Basel, CH 4070, Switzerland
| | - Reinmar Hager
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Joanna C Neill
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
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196
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Cordeiro RC, Chaves Filho AJM, Gomes NS, Tomaz VDS, Medeiros CD, Queiroz AIDG, Maes M, Macedo DS, Carvalho AF. Leptin Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors in Mice: Involvement of Dopamine Receptors. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:125. [PMID: 30949073 PMCID: PMC6436077 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a chronic and recurrent disorder, associated with high morbidity and risk of suicide. Leptin was firstly described as an anti-obesity hormone, but several actions of leptin in CNS have been reported. In fact, leptin regulates dopaminergic neurotransmission in mesolimbic areas and has antidepressant-like properties in stress-based models. In the present study, we investigated, for the first time, putative antidepressant-like effects of leptin in an animal model of depressive-like behaviors induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the potential involvement of dopamine receptors as mediators of those behavioral effects. Mice were injected leptin (1.5 mg/kg, IP) or imipramine prior to LPS administration. To evaluate the involvement of dopamine receptors, different experimental groups were pretreated with either the dopaminergic antagonist SCH23390, for D1 receptors or raclopride, for D2/D3 receptors, prior to leptin injection. Twenty-four hours post-LPS, mice were submitted to the forced swimming and sucrose preference tests. In addition, IL-1β levels were determined in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and striatum. BDNF levels were measured in the hippocampus. Our results showed that leptin, similarly to imipramine, prevented the core behavioral alterations induced by LPS (despair-like behavior and anhedonia), without altering locomotion. In neurochemical analysis, leptin restored LPS-induced changes in IL-1β levels in the PFC and striatum, and increased BDNF levels in the hippocampus. The blockade of dopamine D1 and D2/D3 receptors inhibited leptin's antidepressant-like effects, whilst only the blockade of D1-like receptors blunted leptin-induced increments in prefrontal IL-1β levels. Our results indicate that leptin has antidepressant-like effects in an inflammatory model of depression with the contribution, at least partial, of dopamine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Carneiro Cordeiro
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nayana Soares Gomes
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Viviane de Sousa Tomaz
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Camila Dantas Medeiros
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil.,McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ana Isabelle de Góis Queiroz
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Danielle S Macedo
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto, ON, Canada
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197
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Caraci F, Calabrese F, Molteni R, Bartova L, Dold M, Leggio GM, Fabbri C, Mendlewicz J, Racagni G, Kasper S, Riva MA, Drago F. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology CIV: The Neurobiology of Treatment-resistant Depression: From Antidepressant Classifications to Novel Pharmacological Targets. Pharmacol Rev 2018; 70:475-504. [PMID: 29884653 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.014977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent and life-threatening forms of mental illnesses and a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Currently available antidepressants are effective for most patients, although around 30% are considered treatment resistant (TRD), a condition that is associated with a significant impairment of cognitive function and poor quality of life. In this respect, the identification of the molecular mechanisms contributing to TRD represents an essential step for the design of novel and more efficacious drugs able to modify the clinical course of this disorder and increase remission rates in clinical practice. New insights into the neurobiology of TRD have shed light on the role of a number of different mechanisms, including the glutamatergic system, immune/inflammatory systems, neurotrophin function, and epigenetics. Advances in drug discovery processes in TRD have also influenced the classification of antidepressant drugs and novel classifications are available, such as the neuroscience-based nomenclature that can incorporate such advances in drug development for TRD. This review aims to provide an up-to-date description of key mechanisms in TRD and describe current therapeutic strategies for TRD before examining novel approaches that may ultimately address important neurobiological mechanisms not targeted by currently available antidepressants. All in all, we suggest that drug targeting different neurobiological systems should be able to restore normal function but must also promote resilience to reduce the long-term vulnerability to recurrent depressive episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Caraci
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - F Calabrese
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - R Molteni
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - L Bartova
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - M Dold
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - G M Leggio
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - C Fabbri
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - J Mendlewicz
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - G Racagni
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - S Kasper
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - M A Riva
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
| | - F Drago
- Departments of Drug Sciences (F.Car.) and Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine (G.M.L., F.D.), University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi-Research-Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy (F.Car.); Departments of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (F.Cal., G.R., M.A.R.) and Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (R.M.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.B., M.D., S.K.); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (C.F.); and School of Medicine, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium (J.M.)
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Song Q, Fan C, Wang P, Li Y, Yang M, Yu SY. Hippocampal CA1 βCaMKII mediates neuroinflammatory responses via COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathways in depression. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:338. [PMID: 30526621 PMCID: PMC6286788 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation has recently emerged as a critical risk factor in the pathophysiology of depression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the development of novel therapeutic strategies as means to target these inflammatory pathways for use in the treatment of depression remain unresolved. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the molecular events of neuroinflammation as related to its induction of depression-like behaviors. Methods Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce depression-like behaviors in rats. The inflammatory factors and related proteins were verified by RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence assay. In vivo intracerebral injection of adenovirus-associated virus (AAV) in rats was used to overexpress or block the function of the β form of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (βCaMKII). In vivo intracerebroventricular injection of SB203580 was used to block p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Finally, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was verified by using enzyme-linked assay kit. Results The expression of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2, which is responsible for production of the pro-inflammatory factor PGE2 and thus glial activation, was increased in the CA1 hippocampus in a rat model of depression. Further, the βCaMKII in CA1 was significantly upregulated in depressed rats, while antidepressant treatment downregulated this kinase. Overexpression of βCaMKII via infusion of a constructed AAV-βCaMKII into the CA1 region resulted in phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK and the activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2). These effects were accompanied by an enhanced activity of the COX-2/PGE2 pathway and effectively induced core symptoms of depression. Conversely, knockdown of βCaMKII within the CA1 region reversed these inflammation-related biochemical parameters and significantly rescued depression symptoms. Conclusion These results demonstrate that βCaMKII can act as a critical regulator in depression via activating neuroinflammatory pathways within the CA1 region. Moreover, this study provides new perspectives on molecular targets and drug therapies for future investigation in the treatment of depression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1377-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqin Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Yan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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199
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Osborne S, Biaggi A, Chua TE, Du Preez A, Hazelgrove K, Nikkheslat N, Previti G, Zunszain PA, Conroy S, Pariante CM. Antenatal depression programs cortisol stress reactivity in offspring through increased maternal inflammation and cortisol in pregnancy: The Psychiatry Research and Motherhood - Depression (PRAM-D) Study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 98:211-221. [PMID: 30033161 PMCID: PMC6215770 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antenatal depression is associated with a broad range of suboptimal outcomes in offspring, although the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood. Animal studies propose inflammation and glucocorticoids as mediators of the developmental programming effect of prenatal stress on offspring stress responses, but studies in humans are not yet at this stage. Indeed, to date no single study has examined the effects of a rigorously defined, clinically significant Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in pregnancy on maternal antenatal inflammatory biomarkers and hypothalamic-pituitary (HPA) axis, as well as on offspring HPA axis, behavior and developmental outcomes in the first postnatal year. METHODS A prospective longitudinal design was used in 106 women (49 cases vs. 57 healthy controls) to study the effect of MDD in pregnancy and associated antenatal biology (inflammatory and cortisol biomarkers), on offspring stress response (cortisol response to immunization, at 8 weeks and 12 months), early neurobehavior (Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, NBAS, at day 6), and cognitive, language and motor development (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development at 12 months). RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, women with MDD in pregnancy had raised interleukin (IL) IL-6 (effect size (δ) = 0.53, p = 0.031), IL-10 (δ = 0.53, p = 0.043), tumor necrosis factor alpha (δ = 0.90, p = 0.003) and vascular endothelial growth factor (δ = 0.56, p = 0.008), together with raised diurnal cortisol secretion (δ = 0.89, p = 0.006), raised evening cortisol (δ = 0.64, p = 0.004), and blunted cortisol awakening response (δ = 0.70, p = 0.020), and an 8-day shorter length of gestation (δ = 0.70, p = 0.005). Furthermore, they had neonates with suboptimal neurobehavioral function in four out of five NBAS clusters measured (range of δ = 0.45-1.22 and p = 0.049-<0.001) and increased cortisol response to stress at one year of age (δ = 0.87, p < 0.001). Lastly, maternal inflammatory biomarkers and cortisol levels were correlated with infant stress response, suggesting a mechanistic link. CONCLUSION This study confirms and extends the notion that depression in pregnancy is associated with altered offspring behavior and biological stress response, and demonstrates that changes in maternal antenatal stress-related biology are associated with these infant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Osborne
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK.
| | - A Biaggi
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Psychosis Studies, London, SE5 9AF, UK
| | - T E Chua
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - A Du Preez
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - K Hazelgrove
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Psychosis Studies, London, SE5 9AF, UK
| | - N Nikkheslat
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - G Previti
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK; Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Via Risorgimento 57 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - P A Zunszain
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - S Conroy
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - C M Pariante
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Perinatal Psychiatry & Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
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Wilkinson L, Verhoog NJD, Louw A. Disease- and treatment-associated acquired glucocorticoid resistance. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:R328-R349. [PMID: 30352419 PMCID: PMC6280593 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of resistance to glucocorticoids (GCs) in therapeutic regimens poses a major threat. Generally, GC resistance is congenital or acquired over time as a result of disease progression, prolonged GC treatment or, in some cases, both. Essentially, disruptions in the function and/or pool of the glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα) underlie this resistance. Many studies have detailed how alterations in GRα function lead to diminished GC sensitivity; however, the current review highlights the wealth of data concerning reductions in the GRα pool, mediated by disease-associated and treatment-associated effects, which contribute to a significant decrease in GC sensitivity. Additionally, the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in driving reductions in the GRα pool is discussed. After highlighting the importance of maintaining the level of the GRα pool to combat GC resistance, we present current strategies and argue that future strategies to prevent GC resistance should involve biased ligands with a predisposition for reduced GR dimerization, a strategy originally proposed as the SEMOGRAM-SEDIGRAM concept to reduce the side-effect profile of GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Legh Wilkinson
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Ann Louw
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Correspondence should be addressed to A Louw:
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