151
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Umehara T, Winstanley YE, Andreas E, Morimoto A, Williams EJ, Smith KM, Carroll J, Febbraio MA, Shimada M, Russell DL, Robker RL. Female reproductive life span is extended by targeted removal of fibrotic collagen from the mouse ovary. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn4564. [PMID: 35714185 PMCID: PMC9205599 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The female ovary contains a finite number of oocytes, and their release at ovulation becomes sporadic and disordered with aging and with obesity, leading to loss of fertility. Understanding the molecular defects underpinning this pathology is essential as age of childbearing and obesity rates increase globally. We identify that fibrosis within the ovarian stromal compartment is an underlying mechanism responsible for impaired oocyte release, which is initiated by mitochondrial dysfunction leading to diminished bioenergetics, oxidative damage, inflammation, and collagen deposition. Furthermore, antifibrosis drugs (pirfenidone and BGP-15) eliminate fibrotic collagen and restore ovulation in reproductively old and obese mice, in association with dampened M2 macrophage polarization and up-regulated MMP13 protease. This is the first evidence that ovarian fibrosis is reversible and indicates that drugs targeting mitochondrial metabolism may be a viable therapeutic strategy for women with metabolic disorders or advancing age to maintain ovarian function and extend fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Umehara
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasmyn E. Winstanley
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Eryk Andreas
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Atsushi Morimoto
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Elisha J. Williams
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kirsten M. Smith
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John Carroll
- Development and Stem Cells Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark A. Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Masayuki Shimada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Darryl L. Russell
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rebecca L. Robker
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Corresponding author.
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152
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Chambers RC. Preferential PDE4B Inhibition - A Step toward a New Treatment for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:2235-2236. [PMID: 35675182 DOI: 10.1056/nejme2205411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Chambers
- From the Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair (UCL Respiratory), Division of Medicine, University College London, London
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153
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Achaiah A, Rathnapala A, Pereira A, Bothwell H, Dwivedi K, Barker R, Iotchkova V, Benamore R, Hoyles RK, Ho LP. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio as an indicator for disease progression in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. BMJ Open Respir Res 2022; 9:9/1/e001202. [PMID: 35715193 PMCID: PMC9207910 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease. Patients present at different stages and disease course is varied. Blood monocytes have been linked to all-cause mortality, and neutrophils to progression to IPF in patients with the indeterminate for usual interstitial pneumonia CT pattern. OBJECTIVE To determine association between blood monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes levels (and their derived indexes), with lung function decline and mortality in IPF. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of an IPF cohort (n=128) who had their first clinical visit at the Oxford Interstitial Lung Disease Service between 2013 and 2017. Association between blood monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes and derived indexes (within 4 months of visit) and decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) and all-cause mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess time-to-event for 10% FVC decline and mortality for patients dichotomised to high and low leucocyte counts. RESULTS Median length of follow-up was 31.0 months (IQR 16.2-42.4); 41.4% demonstrated FVC decline >10% per year and 43.8% died. In multivariate models (incorporating age, gender and initial FVC%), raised neutrophils, lymphopaenia and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio were associated with FVC decline (p≤0.01); while both monocytes and neutrophil levels (and their derived indexes) were associated with all-cause mortality (p≤0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis also showed association between neutrophils and its derived indexes but not monocyte, with FVC decline. CONCLUSION Blood neutrophil and lymphopaenia are more sensitive than monocytes as prognostic indicators of disease progression in those with established IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Achaiah
- MRC Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK.,Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Amila Rathnapala
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Pereira
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Harriet Bothwell
- Undergraduate Education, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon, UK
| | - Kritica Dwivedi
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Rosie Barker
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Rachel Benamore
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel K Hoyles
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ling-Pei Ho
- MRC Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK .,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
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154
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Bowman WS, Newton CA, Linderholm AL, Neely ML, Pugashetti JV, Kaul B, Vo V, Echt GA, Leon W, Shah RJ, Huang Y, Garcia CK, Wolters PJ, Oldham JM. Proteomic biomarkers of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease: a multicentre cohort analysis. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2022; 10:593-602. [DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00503-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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155
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Perreault A, Harper K, Lebel M, Charbonneau M, Adam D, Brochiero E, Cantin AM, Leduc M, Gagnon L, Dubois CM. Human Lung Tissue Implanted on the Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane as a Novel In Vivo Model of IPF. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:164-172. [PMID: 35612953 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0037ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease with no curative pharmacological treatment. Current preclinical models fail to accurately reproduce human pathophysiology and are therefore poor predictors of clinical outcomes. Here, we investigated whether the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay supports the implantation of xenografts derived from IPF lung tissue and primary IPF lung fibroblasts and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of antifibrotic drugs. We demonstrate that IPF xenografts maintain their integrity and are perfused with chick embryo blood. Size measurements indicate that the xenografts amplify on the CAM, and Ki67 and pro-collagen type I immunohistochemical staining highlight the presence of proliferative and functional cells in the xenografts. Moreover, the IPF phenotype and immune microenvironment of lung tissues are retained when cultivated on the CAM and the fibroblast xenografts mimic invasive IPF fibroblastic foci. Daily treatments of the xenografts with nintedanib and PBI-4050 significantly reduce their size, fibrosis-associated gene expression, and collagen deposition. Similar effects are found with GLPG1205 and fenofibric acid, two drugs that target the immune microenvironment. Our CAM-IPF model represents the first in vivo model of IPF that uses human lung tissue. This rapid and cost-effective assay could become a valuable tool for predicting the efficacy of antifibrotic drug candidates for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Perreault
- Université de Sherbrooke, 7321, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kelly Harper
- Université de Sherbrooke, 7321, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mégane Lebel
- Université de Sherbrooke, 7321, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martine Charbonneau
- Université de Sherbrooke, 7321, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damien Adam
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Department of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Department of Medicine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - André M Cantin
- University of Sherbrooke, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Leduc
- Liminal BioSciences Inc, 262159, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lyne Gagnon
- Liminal BioSciences Inc, 262159, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claire M Dubois
- Université de Sherbrooke, 7321, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada;
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156
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Herrmann FE, Hesslinger C, Wollin L, Nickolaus P. BI 1015550 is a PDE4B Inhibitor and a Clinical Drug Candidate for the Oral Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:838449. [PMID: 35517783 PMCID: PMC9065678 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.838449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory abilities of oral selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors enabled the approval of roflumilast and apremilast for use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis, respectively. However, the antifibrotic potential of PDE4 inhibitors has not yet been explored clinically. BI 1015550 is a novel PDE4 inhibitor showing a preferential enzymatic inhibition of PDE4B. In vitro, BI 1015550 inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and phytohemagglutinin-induced interleukin-2 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as well as LPS-induced TNF-α synthesis in human and rat whole blood. In vivo, oral BI 1015550 shows potent anti-inflammatory activity in mice by inhibiting LPS-induced TNF-α synthesis ex vivo and in Suncus murinus by inhibiting neutrophil influx into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid stimulated by nebulized LPS. In Suncus murinus, PDE4 inhibitors induce emesis, a well-known gastrointestinal side effect limiting the use of PDE4 inhibitors in humans, and the therapeutic ratio of BI 1015550 appeared to be substantially improved compared with roflumilast. Oral BI 1015550 was also tested in two well-known mouse models of lung fibrosis (induced by either bleomycin or silica) under therapeutic conditions, and appeared to be effective by modulating various model-specific parameters. To better understand the antifibrotic potential of BI 1015550 in vivo, its direct effect on human fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was investigated in vitro. BI 1015550 inhibited transforming growth factor-β-stimulated myofibroblast transformation and the mRNA expression of various extracellular matrix proteins, as well as basic fibroblast growth factor plus interleukin-1β-induced cell proliferation. Nintedanib overall was unremarkable in these assays, but interestingly, the inhibition of proliferation was synergistic when it was combined with BI 1015550, leading to a roughly 10-fold shift of the concentration–response curve to the left. In summary, the unique preferential inhibition of PDE4B by BI 1015550 and its anticipated improved tolerability in humans, plus its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic potential, suggest BI 1015550 to be a promising oral clinical candidate for the treatment of IPF and other fibro-proliferative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lutz Wollin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Peter Nickolaus
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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157
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Yang XH, Wang FF, Chi XS, Wang XM, Cong JP, Hu Y, Zhang YZ. Disturbance of serum lipid metabolites and potential biomarkers in the Bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis in young mice. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:176. [PMID: 35509094 PMCID: PMC9066762 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Altered metabolic pathways have recently been considered as potential drivers of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) for the study of drug therapeutic targets. However, our understanding of the metabolite profile during IPF formation is lacking. Methods To comprehensively characterize the metabolic disorders of IPF, a mouse IPF model was constructed by intratracheal injection of bleomycin into C57BL/6J male mice, and lung tissues from IPF mice at 7 days, 14 days, and controls were analyzed by pathology, immunohistochemistry, and Western Blots. Meanwhile, serum metabolite detections were conducted in IPF mice using LC–ESI–MS/MS, KEGG metabolic pathway analysis was applied to the differential metabolites, and biomarkers were screened using machine learning algorithms. Results We analyzed the levels of 1465 metabolites and found that more than one-third of the metabolites were altered during IPF formation. There were 504 and 565 metabolites that differed between M7 and M14 and controls, respectively, while 201 differential metabolites were found between M7 and M14. In IPF mouse sera, about 80% of differential metabolite expression was downregulated. Lipids accounted for more than 80% of the differential metabolite species with down-regulated expression. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of differential metabolites was mainly enriched to pathways such as the metabolism of glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. Eight metabolites were screened by a machine learning random forest model, and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) assessed them as ideal diagnostic tools. Conclusions In conclusion, we have identified disturbances in serum lipid metabolism associated with the formation of pulmonary fibrosis, contributing to the understanding of the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01972-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Fang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Sa Chi
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Peng Cong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China.
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158
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Evaluation of Proteasome Inhibitors in the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091543. [PMID: 35563849 PMCID: PMC9099509 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, and it has a worse prognosis than non-small cell lung cancer. The pathomechanism of IPF is not fully understood, but it has been suggested that repeated microinjuries of epithelial cells induce a wound healing response, during which fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts. These activated myofibroblasts express α smooth muscle actin and release extracellular matrix to promote matrix deposition and tissue remodeling. Under physiological conditions, the remodeling process stops once wound healing is complete. However, in the lungs of IPF patients, myofibroblasts re-main active and deposit excess extracellular matrix. This leads to the destruction of alveolar tissue, the loss of lung elastic recoil, and a rapid decrease in lung function. Some evidence has indicated that proteasomal inhibition combats fibrosis by inhibiting the expressions of extracellular matrix proteins and metalloproteinases. However, the mechanisms by which proteasome inhibitors may protect against fibrosis are not known. This review summarizes the current research on proteasome inhibitors for pulmonary fibrosis, and provides a reference for whether proteasome inhibitors have the potential to become new drugs for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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159
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Chen Y, Cai J, Zhang M, Yan X. Prognostic Role of NLR, PLR and MHR in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:882217. [PMID: 35572564 PMCID: PMC9096781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease with low survival time. Since the pathophysiological progression of IPF is closely associated with immunological and inflammatory responses, immune biomarkers, including neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-high density lipoprotein ratio (MHR), have the potential to predict overall survival in IPF patients. Methods A total of 278 patients with IPF were finally enrolled. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients at baseline were recorded. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the three biomarkers and overall survival in both the total cohort and acute exacerbation subgroup. Results The median follow-up was 5.84 months. After adjusting for confounders, we found that only elevated NLR was associated with worse overall survival (OR = 1.019, 95% CI 1.001-1.037, P =0.041) by using multivariable Cox regression analysis. In 116 acute exacerbation IPF patients, the results of the Cox multiple regression model also indicated that the NLR was a significant prognostic factor (OR= 1.022, 95% CI 1.001-1.044, P =0.036). The NLR before death was also significantly higher than that at admission in nonsurvival acute exacerbation IPF patients (P=0.014). No significant differences were found in PLR (P=0.739) or MHR changes (P=0.478). Conclusions Our results indicated that elevated NLR expression is associated with shorter overall survival in IPF patients, which is independent of other prognostic factors. The NLR may be regarded as a reliable prognostic biomarker for IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medicine School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingya Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medicine School, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medicine School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medicine School, Nanjing, China
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160
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Serezani AP, Pascoalino BD, Bazzano J, Vowell KN, Tanjore H, Taylor CJ, Calvi CL, Mccall SA, Bacchetta MD, Shaver CM, Ware LB, Salisbury ML, Banovich NE, Kendall PL, Kropski JA, Blackwell TS. Multi-Platform Single-Cell Analysis Identifies Immune Cell Types Enhanced in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:50-60. [PMID: 35468042 PMCID: PMC9273229 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0418oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells have been implicated in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), but the phenotypes and effector mechanisms of these cells remain incompletely characterized. We performed mass cytometry to quantify immune/inflammatory cell subsets in lungs of 12 patients with IPF and 15 organ donors without chronic lung disease and utilized existing single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to investigate transcriptional profiles of immune cells over-represented in IPF. Among myeloid cells, we found increased numbers of alveolar macrophages (AMØs) and dendritic cells (DCs) in IPF, as well as a subset of monocyte-derived DC. In contrast, monocyte-like cells and interstitial macrophages were reduced in IPF. Transcriptomic profiling identified an enrichment for interferon-γ (IFN-γ) response pathways in AMØs and DCs from IPF, as well as antigen processing in DCs and phagocytosis in AMØs. Among T cells, we identified three subset of memory T cells that were increased in IPF, including CD4+ and CD8+ resident memory T cells (TRM), and CD8+ effector memory (TEMRA) cells. The response to IFN-γ pathway was enriched in CD4 TRM and CD8 TRM cells in IPF, along with T cell activation and immune response-regulating signaling pathways. Increased AMØs, DCs, and memory T cells were present in IPF lungs compared to control subjects. In IPF, these cells possess an activation profile indicating increased IFN-γ signaling and up-regulation of adaptive immunity in the lungs. Together, these studies highlight critical features of the immunopathogenesis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pm Serezani
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States;
| | | | - Julia Bazzano
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Katherine N Vowell
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Harikrishna Tanjore
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Chase J Taylor
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Carla L Calvi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Scott A Mccall
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Matthew D Bacchetta
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Ciara M Shaver
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Lorraine B Ware
- Vanderbilt University, 5718, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care, and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Margaret L Salisbury
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Nicholas E Banovich
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, 10897, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
| | - Peggy L Kendall
- Washington University in St Louis, 7548, Internal Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Jonathan A Kropski
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Timothy S Blackwell
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 12328, Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
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161
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Wang X, Yang J, Wu L, Tong C, Zhu Y, Cai W, Wan B, Zhang X. Adiponectin inhibits the activation of lung fibroblasts and pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10098-10110. [PMID: 35435119 PMCID: PMC9162013 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2063652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a common pulmonary interstitial disease with a high mortality rate. Adiponectin (APN) is reportedly an effective therapy for fibrosis-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of APN on IPF. Male BALB/c mice were injected with bleomycin (BLM) and treated with different doses of APN (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/kg). The body weights of the mice were recorded. Immunohistochemical, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining were performed to evaluate pulmonary histopathological changes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting were performed to assess tissue inflammation. The human lung fibroblasts HELF were stimulated with TGF-β1 and treated with different doses of APN (2.5, 5, and 10 μg/ml). Cell proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis were determined by MTT assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, ELISA, and western blotting. APN significantly attenuated BLM-induced body weight loss, alveolar destruction, and collagen fiber accumulation in mice (p < 0.05). APN decreased the expression of α-SMA and collagen I and reduced the concentration of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 in lung tissues (p < 0.05). In TGF-β1-treated HELF cells, cell proliferation and colony formation were inhibited by APN (p < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of α-SMA, collagen I, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were suppressed by APN (p < 0.05). APN inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB and nuclear translocation of p65. In conclusion, these findings suggest that APN is an effective agent for controlling IPF progression. The antifibrotic effects of APN might be mediated via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liangquan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chunran Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | | | - Xiuwei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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162
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Aimo A, Spitaleri G, Nieri D, Tavanti LM, Meschi C, Panichella G, Lupón J, Pistelli F, Carrozzi L, Bayes-Genis A, Emdin M. Pirfenidone for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Beyond. Card Fail Rev 2022; 8:e12. [PMID: 35516794 PMCID: PMC9062707 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2021.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pirfenidone (PFD) slows the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) by inhibiting the exaggerated fibrotic response and possibly through additional mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory effects. PFD has also been evaluated in other fibrosing lung diseases. Myocardial fibrosis is a common feature of several heart diseases and the progressive deposition of extracellular matrix due to a persistent injury to cardiomyocytes may trigger a vicious cycle that leads to persistent structural and functional alterations of the myocardium. No primarily antifibrotic medications are used to treat patients with heart failure. There is some evidence that PFD has antifibrotic actions in various animal models of cardiac disease and a phase II trial on patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction has yielded positive results. This review summarises the evidence about the possible mechanisms of IPF and modulation by PFD, the main results about IPF or non-IPF interstitial pneumonias and also data about PFD as a potential protective cardiac drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Aimo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giosafat Spitaleri
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Dari Nieri
- Pulmonary Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Maria Tavanti
- Pulmonary Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Meschi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Josep Lupón
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Pistelli
- Pulmonary Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Carrozzi
- Pulmonary Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michele Emdin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
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163
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Yao Y, Li Z, Gao W. Identification of Hub Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and NSCLC Progression:Evidence From Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:855789. [PMID: 35480306 PMCID: PMC9038140 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.855789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the most common comorbidity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thus there is an urgent need for the research of IPF and carcinogenesis Objective: The objective of this study was to explore hub genes which are common in pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer progression through bioinformatic analysis. Methods: All the analysis was performed in R software. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were explored by comparing gene expression profiles between IPF tissues and healthy lung tissues from GSE24206, GSE53845, GSE101286 and GSE110147 datasets. Venn Diagram analysis was used to identify the overlapping genes, while GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were used to explore the biological functions of the DEGs using clusterprofiler package. Hub genes were identified by analyzing protein-protein interaction networks using Cytoscape software. Nomogram was constructed using the rms package. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) analysis was used to quantify the immunotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Results:COL1A1, COL3A1, MMP1, POSTN1 and TIMP3 were identified as the top five hub genes. The five hub genes were used to construct a diagnostic nomogram that was validated in another IPF dataset. Since the hub genes were also associated with lung cancer progression, we found that the nomogram also had diagnostic value in NSCLC patients. These five genes achieved a statistically difference of overall survival in NSCLC patients (p < 0.05). The expression of the five hub genes was mostly enriched in fibroblasts. Fibroblasts and the hub genes also showed significant ability to predict the susceptibility of NSCLC patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Conclusion: We identified five hub genes as potential biomarkers of IPF and NSCLC progression. This finding may give insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of IPF and lung cancer progression and provides potential targets for developing new therapeutic agents for IPF patients.
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164
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Zohny MH, Cavalu S, Youssef ME, Kaddah MM, Mourad AA, Gaafar AGA, El-Ahwany E, Amin NA, Arakeep HM, Shata A, Saleh S, Hafez MM, Elazab ST, Abdelhady R, El Shahat RM, Yahya G, Saber S. Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 dye attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by regulating the NF-κB and NLRP3 crosstalk: A novel approach for filling an unmet medical need. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 148:112723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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165
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Yang M, Yin E, Xu Y, Liu Y, Li T, Dong Z, Tai W. CDKN2B antisense RNA 1 expression alleviates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by functioning as a competing endogenouse RNA through the miR-199a-5p/Sestrin-2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7746-7759. [PMID: 35291918 PMCID: PMC9208479 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2044252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an idiopathic interstitial lung disease. At present, the pathogenesis of IPF has not been fully elucidated, which has affected the development of effective treatment methods. Here, we explored the function and potential mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CDKN2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) in IPF.Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bleomycin (BLM) were used to induce IPF in cells and animal models. Real Time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) showed the expression of CDKN2B-AS1, miR-199a-5p and Sestrin-2 (SESN2) in cells and tissues. The double luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the targeting relationship among CDKN2B-AS1, miR-199a-5p, and SESN2. Related protein levels were detected by Western blot combined with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, and flow cytometry to analyze cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. The pathological characteristics of mouse lung tissue were determined by Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining. We found that the expression of CDKN2B-AS1 was decreased in TGF-β-treated cells and BLM-treated mice. Overexpression of CDKN2B-AS1 inhibited cell proliferation and migration, promoted apoptosis, decreased the expression of fibrosis-related proteins and promoted autophagy. In addition, overexpression of CDKN2B-AS1 alleviated pulmonary fibrosis in BLM-treated mice. Mechanistically, CDKN2B-AS1 acts as a miR-199a-5p sponge to regulate SESN2 expression. Our results indicate the importance of the CDKN2B-AS1/miR-199a-5p/SESN2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Respiration, The Sencond Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Egao Yin
- Department of Respiration, The Sencond Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yiheng Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Molecular Diagnostic Center, the Sencond Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Department of Respiration, The Sencond Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Respiration, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Respiration, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoxing Dong
- Department of Respiration, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Respiration, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenlin Tai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Molecular Diagnostic Center, the Sencond Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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166
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Sklepkiewicz P, Dymek BA, Mlacki M, Koralewski R, Mazur M, Nejman-Gryz P, Korur S, Zagozdzon A, Rymaszewska A, von der Thüsen JH, Siwińska AM, Güner NC, Cheda Ł, Paplinska-Goryca M, Proboszcz M, van den Bosch TPP, Górska K, Golab J, Kamiński RM, Krenke R, Golebiowski A, Dzwonek K, Dobrzanski P. Inhibition of CHIT1 as a novel therapeutic approach in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174792. [PMID: 35122869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and eventually fatal lung disease with a complex etiology. Approved drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, modify disease progression, but IPF remains incurable and there is an urgent need for new therapies. We identified chitotriosidase (CHIT1) as new driver of fibrosis in IPF and a novel therapeutic target. We demonstrate that CHIT1 activity and expression are significantly increased in serum (3-fold) and induced sputum (4-fold) from IPF patients. In the lungs CHIT1 is expressed in a distinct subpopulation of profibrotic, disease-specific macrophages, which are only present in patients with ILDs and CHIT1 is one of the defining markers of this fibrosis-associated gene cluster. To define CHIT1 role in fibrosis, we used the therapeutic protocol of the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model. We demonstrate that in the context of chitinase induction and the macrophage-specific expression of CHIT1, this model recapitulates lung fibrosis in ILDs. Genetic inactivation of Chit1 attenuated bleomycin-induced fibrosis (decreasing the Ashcroft scoring by 28%) and decreased expression of profibrotic factors in lung tissues. Pharmacological inhibition of chitinases by OATD-01 reduced fibrosis and soluble collagen concentration. OATD-01 exhibited anti-fibrotic activity comparable to pirfenidone resulting in the reduction of the Ashcroft score by 32% and 31%, respectively. These studies provide a preclinical proof-of-concept for the antifibrotic effects of OATD-01 and establish CHIT1 as a potential new therapeutic target for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara A Dymek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | - Patrycja Nejman-Gryz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Serdar Korur
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Jan H von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Łukasz Cheda
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Paplinska-Goryca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Proboszcz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Górska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Li Z, Geng J, Xie B, He J, Wang J, Peng L, Hu Y, Dai H, Wang C. Dihydromyricetin Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating Abnormal Fibroblasts Through the STAT3/p-STAT3/GLUT1 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:834604. [PMID: 35359847 PMCID: PMC8964100 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.834604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disorder with a poor prognosis. Although dihydromyricetin (DHM), extracted from vine tea and other Ampelopsis species, has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions, the effects of DHM on IPF remain unclear. Methods: The effects of DHM on the differentiation, migration, proliferation, and respiratory functions of primary mouse lung fibroblasts (PMLFs) and primary human lung fibroblasts (PHLFs) were detected by western blotting, the Transwell assay, EdU staining, and the Mito Stress test. Then, the impacts of DHM on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis were evaluated by pathological staining, western blotting, and coimmunofluorescence staining. The signaling pathway influenced by DHM was also investigated. Results: DHM could regulate the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and suppress the abnormal migration, proliferation, and respiratory functions of myofibroblasts induced by TGF-β1 or myofibroblasts from IPF patients. DHM could also alleviate pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM. All these effects were achieved by regulating the STAT3/p-STAT3/GLUT1 signaling pathway. Conclusion: DHM could regulate the abnormal functions of myofibroblasts induced by TGF-β1 and myofibroblasts from IPF patients and alleviate pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM; thus, DHM might be a candidate medicinal treatment for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Geng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yinan Hu, ; Huaping Dai, ; Chen Wang,
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yinan Hu, ; Huaping Dai, ; Chen Wang,
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yinan Hu, ; Huaping Dai, ; Chen Wang,
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168
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Zhu X, Yuan S, Zheng X, Wang X, Zhang J. Pre-exposure to Aerosolized Polyvalent Bacterial Lysates Protects Against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Inflammation 2022; 45:1692-1699. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01653-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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169
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Yang T, Wang J, Zhao J, Liu Y. Current and prospective applications of exosomal microRNAs in pulmonary fibrosis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:37. [PMID: 35088880 PMCID: PMC8815412 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive, irreversible and life‑threatening lung disease. However, the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of this condition remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are structures derived from the plasma membrane, with a diameter ranging from 30 nm to 5 µm, that play an important role in cell‑to‑cell communications in lung disease, particularly between epithelial cells and the pulmonary microenvironment. In particular, exosomes are a type of EV that can deliver cargo molecules, including endogenous proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, such as microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs). These cargo molecules are encapsulated in lipid bilayers through target cell internalization, receptor‑ligand interactions or lipid membrane fusion. miRNAs are single‑stranded RNA molecules that regulate cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis by degrading target mRNAs or inhibiting translation to modulate gene expression. The aim of the present review was to discuss the current knowledge available on exosome biogenesis, composition and isolation methods. The role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of PF was also reviewed. In addition, emerging diagnostic and therapeutic properties of exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in PF were described, in order to highlight the potential applications of exosomal miRNAs in PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jiaying Zhao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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170
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Dutta K, Friscic J, Hoffmann MH. Targeting the tissue-complosome for curbing inflammatory disease. Semin Immunol 2022; 60:101644. [PMID: 35902311 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivated local tissue is a cardinal feature of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases of various organs such as the joints, the gut, the skin, or the lungs. Tissue-resident structural and stromal cells, which get primed during repeated or long-lasting bouts of inflammation form the basis of this sensitization of the tissue. During priming, cells change their metabolism to make them fit for the heightened energy demands that occur during persistent inflammation. Epigenetic changes and, curiously, an activation of intracellularly expressed parts of the complement system drive this metabolic invigoration and enable tissue-resident cells and infiltrating immune cells to employ an arsenal of inflammatory functions, including activation of inflammasomes. Here we provide a current overview on complement activation and inflammatory transformation in tissue-occupying cells, focusing on fibroblasts during arthritis, and illustrate ways how therapeutics directed at complement C3 could potentially target the complosome to unprime cells in the tissue and induce long-lasting abatement of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuheli Dutta
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jasna Friscic
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus H Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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171
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Guo X, Sunil C, Adeyanju O, Parker A, Huang S, Ikebe M, Tucker TA, Idell S, Qian G. PD-L1 mediates lung fibroblast to myofibroblast transition through Smad3 and β-catenin signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3053. [PMID: 35197539 PMCID: PMC8866514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint protein that has been linked with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT). However, it remains largely unclear how PD-L1 mediates this process. We found significantly increased PD-L1 in the lungs of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and mice with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin and TGF-β. In primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs), TGF-β induced PD-L1 expression that is dependent on both Smad3 and p38 pathways. PD-L1 knockdown using siRNA significantly attenuated TGF-β-induced expression of myofibroblast markers α-SMA, collagen-1, and fibronectin in normal and IPF HLFs. Further, we found that PD-L1 interacts with Smad3, and TGF-β induces their interaction. Interestingly, PD-L1 knockdown reduced α-SMA reporter activity induced by TGF-β in HLFs, suggesting that PD-L1 might act as a co-factor of Smad3 to promote target gene expression. TGF-β treatment also phosphorylates GSK3β and upregulates β-catenin protein levels. Inhibiting β-catenin signaling with the pharmaceutical inhibitor ICG001 significantly attenuated TGF-β-induced FMT. PD-L1 knockdown also attenuated TGF-β-induced GSK3β phosphorylation/inhibition and β-catenin upregulation, implicating GSK3β/β-catenin signaling in PD-L1-mediated FMT. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that fibroblast PD-L1 may promote pulmonary fibrosis through both Smad3 and β-catenin signaling and may represent a novel interventional target for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Guo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Christudas Sunil
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Oluwaseun Adeyanju
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Andrew Parker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Steven Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Mitsuo Ikebe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Torry A Tucker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
- The Texas Lung Injury Institute, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Steven Idell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
- The Texas Lung Injury Institute, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Guoqing Qian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US Highway 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA.
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172
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Hasan M, Paul NC, Paul SK, Saikat ASM, Akter H, Mandal M, Lee SS. Natural Product-Based Potential Therapeutic Interventions of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Molecules 2022; 27:1481. [PMID: 35268581 PMCID: PMC8911636 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a disease-refractive lung condition with an increased rate of mortality. The potential factors causing PF include viral infections, radiation exposure, and toxic airborne chemicals. Idiopathic PF (IPF) is related to pneumonia affecting the elderly and is characterized by recurring scar formation in the lungs. An impaired wound healing process, defined by the dysregulated aggregation of extracellular matrix components, triggers fibrotic scar formation in the lungs. The potential pathogenesis includes oxidative stress, altered cell signaling, inflammation, etc. Nintedanib and pirfenidone have been approved with a conditional endorsement for the management of IPF. In addition, natural product-based treatment strategies have shown promising results in treating PF. In this study, we reviewed the recently published literature and discussed the potential uses of natural products, classified into three types-isolated active compounds, crude extracts of plants, and traditional medicine, consisting of mixtures of different plant products-in treating PF. These natural products are promising in the treatment of PF via inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial mesenchymal transition, as well as affecting TGF-β-mediated cell signaling, etc. Based on the current review, we have revealed the signaling mechanisms of PF pathogenesis and the potential opportunities offered by natural product-based medicine in treating PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbub Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (N.C.P.); (S.K.P.); (A.S.M.S.); (M.M.)
- Department of Oriental Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea
| | - Nidhan Chandra Paul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (N.C.P.); (S.K.P.); (A.S.M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Shamrat Kumar Paul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (N.C.P.); (S.K.P.); (A.S.M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Abu Saim Mohammad Saikat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (N.C.P.); (S.K.P.); (A.S.M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Hafeza Akter
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Division, Health Medical Science Research Foundation, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Manoj Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (N.C.P.); (S.K.P.); (A.S.M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Sang-Suk Lee
- Department of Oriental Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea
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Song Z, Huang YY, Hou KQ, Liu L, Zhou F, Huang Y, Wan G, Luo HB, Xiong XF. Discovery and Structural Optimization of Toddacoumalone Derivatives as Novel PDE4 Inhibitors for the Topical Treatment of Psoriasis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4238-4254. [PMID: 35188767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated skin disorder manifesting in abnormal skin plaques, and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is an effective target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. Toddacoumalone is a natural PDE4 inhibitor with moderate potency and imperfect drug-like properties. To discover novel and potent PDE4 inhibitors with considerable druggability, a series of toddacoumalone derivatives were designed and synthesized, leading to the compound (2R,4S)-6-ethyl-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,8-dimethyl-4-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-2,3,4,6-tetrahydro-5H-pyrano[3,2-c][1,8]naphthyridin-5-one (33a) with high inhibitory potency (IC50 = 3.1 nM), satisfactory selectivity, favorable skin permeability, and a well-characterized binding mechanism. Encouragingly, topical administration of 33a exhibited remarkable therapeutic effects in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Song
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yi-You Huang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 570228 Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Qiang Hou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yue Huang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guohui Wan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 570228 Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xiong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
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174
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Moretti L, Stalfort J, Barker TH, Abebayehu D. The interplay of fibroblasts, the extracellular matrix, and inflammation in scar formation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101530. [PMID: 34953859 PMCID: PMC8784641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various forms of fibrosis, comprising tissue thickening and scarring, are involved in 40% of deaths across the world. Since the discovery of scarless functional healing in fetuses prior to a certain stage of development, scientists have attempted to replicate scarless wound healing in adults with little success. While the extracellular matrix (ECM), fibroblasts, and inflammatory mediators have been historically investigated as separate branches of biology, it has become increasingly necessary to consider them as parts of a complex and tightly regulated system that becomes dysregulated in fibrosis. With this new paradigm, revisiting fetal scarless wound healing provides a unique opportunity to better understand how this highly regulated system operates mechanistically. In the following review, we navigate the four stages of wound healing (hemostasis, inflammation, repair, and remodeling) against the backdrop of adult versus fetal wound healing, while also exploring the relationships between the ECM, effector cells, and signaling molecules. We conclude by singling out recent findings that offer promising leads to alter the dynamics between the ECM, fibroblasts, and inflammation to promote scarless healing. One factor that promises to be significant is fibroblast heterogeneity and how certain fibroblast subpopulations might be predisposed to scarless healing. Altogether, reconsidering fetal wound healing by examining the interplay of the various factors contributing to fibrosis provides new research directions that will hopefully help us better understand and address fibroproliferative diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, systemic sclerosis, progressive kidney disease, and cardiovascular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Moretti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jack Stalfort
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Thomas Harrison Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Daniel Abebayehu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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175
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Wang Y, Sang X, Shao R, Qin H, Chen X, Xue Z, Li L, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Chang Y, Gao X, Zhang B, Zhang H, Yang J. Xuanfei Baidu Decoction protects against macrophages induced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114701. [PMID: 34606948 PMCID: PMC9715986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xuanfei Baidu Decoction (XFBD), one of the "three medicines and three prescriptions" for the clinically effective treatment of COVID-19 in China, plays an important role in the treatment of mild and/or common patients with dampness-toxin obstructing lung syndrome. AIM OF THE STUDY The present work aims to elucidate the protective effects and the possible mechanism of XFBD against the acute inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS We use TGF-β1 induced fibroblast activation model and LPS/IL-4 induced macrophage inflammation model as in vitro cell models. The mice model of lung fibrosis was induced by BLM via endotracheal drip, and then XFBD (4.6 g/kg, 9.2 g/kg) were administered orally respectively. The efficacy and molecular mechanisms in the presence or absence of XFBD were investigated. RESULTS The results proved that XFBD can effectively inhibit fibroblast collagen deposition, down-regulate the level of α-SMA and inhibit the migration of fibroblasts. IL-4 induced macrophage polarization was also inhibited and the secretions of the inflammatory factors including IL6, iNOS were down-regulated. In vivo experiments, the results proved that XFBD improved the weight loss and survival rate of the mice. The XFBD high-dose administration group had a significant effect in inhibiting collagen deposition and the expression of α-SMA in the lungs of mice. XFBD can reduce bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 activation and related macrophage infiltration. CONCLUSIONS Xuanfei Baidu Decoction protects against macrophages induced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqing Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Rui Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Honglin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xuanhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zhifeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Boli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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176
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Kim MN, Hong JY, Kim EG, Lee JW, Lee SY, Kim KW, Shim HS, Lee CG, Elias JA, Lee YJ, Sohn MH. A Novel Regulatory Role of ALCAM in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:415-427. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0581oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Na Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Pediatrics, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jung Yeon Hong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Eun Gyul Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pediatrics, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jae Woo Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Soo Yeon Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pediatrics, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hyo Sup Shim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Brown University, 6752, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Brown University, Medicine and Biologic Science, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Yong Ju Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Pediatrics, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do , Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Pediatrics, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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177
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Moss BJ, Ryter SW, Rosas IO. Pathogenic Mechanisms Underlying Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 17:515-546. [PMID: 34813355 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) involves a complex interplay of cell types and signaling pathways. Recurrent alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury may occur in the context of predisposing factors (e.g., genetic, environmental, epigenetic, immunologic, and gerontologic), leading to metabolic dysfunction, senescence, aberrant epithelial cell activation, and dysregulated epithelial repair. The dysregulated epithelial cell interacts with mesenchymal, immune, and endothelial cells via multiple signaling mechanisms to trigger fibroblast and myofibroblast activation. Recent single-cell RNA sequencing studies of IPF lungs support the epithelial injury model. These studies have uncovered a novel type of AEC with characteristics of an aberrant basal cell, which may disrupt normal epithelial repair and propagate a profibrotic phenotype. Here, we review the pathogenesis of IPF in the context of novel bioinformatics tools as strategies to discover pathways of disease, cell-specific mechanisms, and cell-cell interactions that propagate the profibrotic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Moss
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; ,
| | - Stefan W Ryter
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA;
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; ,
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178
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Plantier L, Smolinska A, Fijten R, Flamant M, Dallinga J, Mercadier JJ, Pachen D, d'Ortho MP, van Schooten FJ, Crestani B, Boots AW. The use of exhaled air analysis in discriminating interstitial lung diseases: a pilot study. Respir Res 2022; 23:12. [PMID: 35057817 PMCID: PMC8772159 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrotic Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of chronic lung diseases characterized by diverse degrees of lung inflammation and remodeling. They include idiopathic ILD such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and ILD secondary to chronic inflammatory diseases such as connective tissue disease (CTD). Precise differential diagnosis of ILD is critical since anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, which are beneficial in inflammatory ILD, are detrimental in IPF. However, differential diagnosis of ILD is still difficult and often requires an invasive lung biopsy. The primary aim of this study is to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) patterns in exhaled air to non-invasively discriminate IPF and CTD-ILD. As secondary aim, the association between the IPF and CTD-ILD discriminating VOC patterns and functional impairment is investigated. METHODS Fifty-three IPF patients, 53 CTD-ILD patients and 51 controls donated exhaled air, which was analyzed for its VOC content using gas chromatograph- time of flight- mass spectrometry. RESULTS By applying multivariate analysis, a discriminative profile of 34 VOCs was observed to discriminate between IPF patients and healthy controls whereas 11 VOCs were able to distinguish between CTD-ILD patients and healthy controls. The separation between IPF and CTD-ILD could be made using 16 discriminating VOCs, that also displayed a significant correlation with total lung capacity and the 6 min' walk distance. CONCLUSIONS This study reports for the first time that specific VOC profiles can be found to differentiate IPF and CTD-ILD from both healthy controls and each other. Moreover, an ILD-specific VOC profile was strongly correlated with functional parameters. Future research applying larger cohorts of patients suffering from a larger variety of ILDs should confirm the potential use of breathomics to facilitate fast, non-invasive and proper differential diagnosis of specific ILDs in the future as first step towards personalized medicine for these complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Plantier
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Function Testing, CHRU, Tours, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, INSERM UMR1100, Tours, France
| | - A Smolinska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R Fijten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro) GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Flamant
- Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelle, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - J Dallinga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J J Mercadier
- Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelle, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - D Pachen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M P d'Ortho
- Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelle, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141, NeuroDiderot, France
| | - F J van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B Crestani
- Service de Pneumologie A, DHU FIRE, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1152, Labex Inflamex, Paris, France
| | - A W Boots
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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179
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Mei Q, Liu Z, Zuo H, Yang Z, Qu J. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: An Update on Pathogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:797292. [PMID: 35126134 PMCID: PMC8807692 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.797292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, lethal fibrotic lung disease that occurs primarily in middle-aged and elderly adults. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. With an increase in life expectancy, the economic burden of IPF is expected to continuously rise in the near future. Although the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IPF remain not known. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of this devastating disease in last decade. The current paradigm assumes that IPF results from sustained or repetitive lung epithelial injury and subsequent activation of fibroblasts and myofibroblast differentiation. Persistent myofibroblast phenotype contributes to excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and aberrant lung repair, leading to tissue scar formation, distortion of the alveolar structure, and irreversible loss of lung function. Treatments of patients with IPF by pirfenidone and nintedanib have shown significant reduction of lung function decline and slowing of disease progression in patients with IPF. However, these drugs do not cure the disease. In this review, we discuss recent advances on the pathogenesis of IPF and highlight the development of novel therapeutic strategies against the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jing Qu
- *Correspondence: Zhenhua Yang, ; Jing Qu,
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180
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Wang E, Wang Y, Zhou S, Xia X, Han R, Fei G, Zeng D, Wang R. Identification of three hub genes related to the prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using bioinformatics analysis. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1417-1429. [PMID: 36035368 PMCID: PMC9413564 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.73305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by peripheral distribution of bilateral pulmonary fibrosis that is more pronounced at the base. IPF has a short median survival time and a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to identify effective prognostic indicators to guide the treatment of patients with IPF. Methods: We downloaded microarray data of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), containing 176 IPF patients and 20 controls. The top 5,000 genes in the median absolute deviation were classified into different color modules using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and the modules significantly associated with both survival time and survival status were identified as prognostic modules. We used Lasso Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression to search for hub genes related to prognosis from the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the prognostic modules and constructed a risk model and nomogram accordingly. Moreover, based on the risk model, we divided IPF patients into high-risk and low-risk groups to determine the biological functions and immune cell subtypes associated with the prognosis of IPF using gene set enrichment analysis and immune cell infiltration analysis. Results: A total of 153 DEGs located in the prognostic modules, three (TPST1, MRVI1, and TM4SF1) of which were eventually defined as prognostic hub genes. A risk model was constructed based on the expression levels of the three hub genes, and the accuracy of the model was evaluated using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The areas under the curve for 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 0.862, 0.885, and 0.833, respectively. The results of enrichment analysis showed that inflammation and immune processes significantly affected the prognosis of patients with IPF. The degree of mast and natural killer (NK) cell infiltration also increases the prognostic risk of IPF. Conclusions: We identified three hub genes as independent molecular markers to predict the prognosis of patients with IPF and constructed a prognostic model that may be helpful in promoting therapeutic gains for IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enze Wang
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hefei second people's hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Department of occupational medicine, Hefei third clinical college of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xingyuan Xia
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Guanghe Fei
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Daxiong Zeng
- Department of pulmonary and critical care medicine, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Department of pulmonary and critical care medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of respiratory and critical care medicine, the first affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei 230022, China
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181
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Geng Y, Su S, Cao L, Yang T, Ouyang W, Liu L, Wu B, Zhang Q, Lu B, Wang X. Effect of PD-1 Inhibitor Combined with X-Ray Irradiation on the Inflammatory Microenvironment and Lung Tissue Injury in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:545-556. [PMID: 35115804 PMCID: PMC8803086 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s350112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the effects of PD-1 inhibitor on lung tissue morphology and the immune system in a mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) and to assess interactions between radiation therapy and PD-1 inhibition. Methods Twenty C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into four groups of five mice each. Mice were treated with an anti-mouse PD-1 monoclonal antibody, whole thorax irradiation, both or neither. Lung tissue morphology and pathological changes were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; lung fibrosis was assessed by Masson staining and analysis of hydroxyproline; CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes in lung tissues were detected immunohistochemically; and the concentrations of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lung tissue were evaluated by cytokine multiplex analysis. Results Lung injury scores and indicators of pulmonary fibrosis were higher in mice administration whole thorax irradiation than in control mice. Inflammatory infiltrate scores, alveoli deformation scores, collagen volume fractions and hydroxyproline contents in lung tissues were all significantly higher in mice administered PD-1 inhibitor plus irradiation than in the other three groups. Similarly, the percentages of CD3+ and CD8+T cells and the concentrations of IL-6 and TGF-β1 in lung tissue were significantly higher in mice treated with radiation and PD-1 inhibitor than in the other groups. However, PD-1 inhibitor and irradiation interacted significantly only in the elevation of TGF-β1 level. Conclusion Whole thorax X-ray irradiation in mice can cause pulmonary injury and fibrosis, which could be exacerbated by PD-1 inhibitors. Radiotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitors may aggravate RILI by synergistically upregulating TGF-β1 expression, thereby affecting the immune-inflammatory microenvironment in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Geng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengfa Su
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Ouyang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingfeng Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bibo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuning Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaohu Wang, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613909407551, Fax +86 931 5196196, Email ; Bing Lu, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613809432527, Fax +86 851 6513076, Email
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaohu Wang, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613909407551, Fax +86 931 5196196, Email ; Bing Lu, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613809432527, Fax +86 851 6513076, Email
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Yin YQ, Peng F, Situ HJ, Xie JL, Tan L, Wei J, Jiang FF, Zhang SQ, Liu J. Construction of prediction model of inflammation related genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and its correlation with immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010345. [PMID: 36601116 PMCID: PMC9806212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of inflammation in the formation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has gained a lot of attention recently. However, the involvement of genes related to inflammation and immune exchange environment status in the prognosis of IPF remains to be further clarified. The objective of this research is to establish a new model for the prediction of the overall survival (OS) rate of inflammation-related IPF. METHODS Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was employed to obtain the three expression microarrays of IPF, including two from alveolar lavage fluid cells and one from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. To construct the risk assessment model of inflammation-linked genes, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso), univariate cox and multivariate stepwise regression, and random forest method were used. The proportion of immune cell infiltration was evaluated by single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. RESULTS The value of genes linked with inflammation in the prognosis of IPF was analyzed, and a four-genes risk model was constructed, including tpbg, Myc, ffar2, and CCL2. It was highlighted by Kaplan Meier (K-M) survival analysis that patients with high-risk scores had worse overall survival time in all training and validation sets, and univariate and multivariate analysis highlighted that it has the potential to act as an independent risk indicator for poor prognosis. ROC analysis showed that the prediction efficiency of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS time in the training set reached 0.784, 0.835, and 0.921, respectively. Immune infiltration analysis showed that Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC), macrophages, regulatory T cells, cd4+ t cells, neutrophils, and dendritic cells were more infiltrated in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. CONCLUSION Inflammation-related genes can be well used to evaluate the IPF prognosis and impart a new idea for the treatment and follow-up management of IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qiu Yin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Jing Situ
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Ling Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Liming Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang-fang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan-Qiang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
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183
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Wang Y, Xie X, Zheng S, Du G, Chen S, Zhang W, Zhuang J, Lin J, Hu S, Zheng K, Mikish A, Xu Z, Zhang G, Gargani L, Bruni C, Hoffmann-Vold AM, Matucci-Cerinic M, Furst DE. Serum B-cell activating factor and lung ultrasound B-lines in connective tissue disease related interstitial lung disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1066111. [PMID: 36590969 PMCID: PMC9798453 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1066111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of serum B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and lung ultrasound (LUS) B-lines in connective tissue disease related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD), and their association with different ILD patterns on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of chest. METHODS We measured the levels of BAFF and KL-6 by ELISA in the sera of 63 CTD-ILD patients [26 with fibrotic ILD (F-ILD), 37 with non-fibrotic ILD (NF-ILD)], 30 CTD patients without ILD, and 26 healthy controls. All patients underwent chest HRCT and LUS examination. RESULTS Serum BAFF levels were significantly higher in CTD patients compared to healthy subjects (617.6 ± 288.1 pg/ml vs. 269.0 ± 60.4 pg/ml, p < 0.01). BAFF concentrations were significantly different between ILD group and non-ILD group (698.3 ± 627.4 pg/ml vs. 448.3 ± 188.6 pg/ml, p < 0.01). In patients with ILD, BAFF concentrations were significantly correlated with B-lines number (r = 0.37, 95% CI 0.13-0.56, p < 0.01), KL-6 level (r = 0.26, 95% CI 0.01-0.48, p < 0.05), and Warrick score (r = 0.33, 95% CI 0.09-0.53, p < 0.01), although all correlations were only low to moderate. B-lines number correlated with Warrick score (r = 0.65, 95% CI 0.48-0.78, p < 0.01), and KL-6 levels (r = 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.61, p < 0.01). Patients with F-ILD had higher serum BAFF concentrations (957.5 ± 811.0 pg/ml vs. 516.1 ± 357.5 pg/ml, p < 0.05), KL-6 levels (750.7 ± 759.0 U/ml vs. 432.5 ± 277.5 U/ml, p < 0.05), B-lines numbers (174.1 ± 82 vs. 52.3 ± 57.5, p < 0.01), and Warrick score (19.9 ± 4.6 vs. 13.6 ± 3.4, p < 0.01) vs. NF-ILD patients. The best cut-off values to separate F-ILD from NF-ILD using ROC curves were 408 pg/ml for BAFF (AUC = 0.73, p < 0.01), 367 U/ml for KL-6 (AUC = 0.72, p < 0.05), 122 for B-lines number (AUC = 0.89, p < 0.01), and 14 for Warrick score (AUC = 0.87, p < 0.01) respectively. CONCLUSION Serum BAFF levels and LUS B-lines number could be useful supportive biomarkers for detecting and evaluating the severity and/or subsets of CTD-ILD. If corroborated, combining imaging, serological, and sonographic biomarkers might be beneficial and comprehensive in management of CTD-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Yukai Wang,
| | - Xuezhen Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoyu Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangzhou Du
- Department of Radiology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoqi Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shaoqi Chen,
| | - Weijin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghua Zhuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianqun Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijian Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kedi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Angelina Mikish
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuangyong Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luna Gargani
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cosimo Bruni
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel E. Furst
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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184
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Wu Y, Qi Y, Qiu Z, Chen W. Deficiency of CARMA3 attenuates the development of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 581:81-88. [PMID: 34656852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has attracted more and more attention due to its irreversibility and high mortality rate. Currently, there is no effective treatment option is available to reverse the disease. Caspase recruitment domain-containing membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein (CARMA3) has been recognized as a proinflammatory molecule involved in many lung diseases, such as Allergic airway inflammation and lung cancer. Bleomycin (Bleo), as an alkaline sugar peptide antibiotics, is often used as a first-line anti-tumor agent. Its toxic effect is to induce pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and its clinical symptoms, so it has been widely used in the construction of pulmonary fibrosis model. METHODS Wild type mice (WT, n = 20) and CARMA3 knockout mice (CARMA3-KO, n = 20) were generated and injected with bleomycin or saline via trachea. The severity of fibrosis was evaluated by fibrosis markers and lung histological morphology. Furthermore, the amount of alveolar epithelial cells and inflammation in lung tissue were examined. Finally, epithelial-mesenchymal transition was further investigated. RESULTS We found CARMA3 expression in the mice alveolar epithelial cells. And compared with WT mice, CARMA3-KO mice showed reduced deposition of collagen fibers, inflammation and destruction of alveolar epithelial cells in lung tissue. In addition, after bleomycin induction, the expressions of proinflammatory factors and collagen-related factors in CARMA3-KO mice were much lower than those in WT mice. The epithelial-mesenchymal transformation phenotype was also improved in CARMA3-KO mice compared to WT mice. CONCLUSION Our Results shows that CARMA3 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. CARMA3 could alleviate the fibrosis by improving inflammation, deposition of collagen and damage of alveolar epithelial cells, which revealed that CARMA3 may be a potential target for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhang Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchao Qi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibing Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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185
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Li Y, Wang C, Peng M. Aging Immune System and Its Correlation With Liability to Severe Lung Complications. Front Public Health 2021; 9:735151. [PMID: 34888279 PMCID: PMC8650611 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.735151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered to be a decline in physical and physiological events that extensively affect the body's immunity, and is linked with deterioration in both innate and adaptive immune responses. The immune system exhibits profound age-associated variations, known as immunosenescence, comprising a significantly low production of B and T lymphocytes in bone marrow and thymus, a decreased function of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues, a decrease in the synthesis of fresh naïve T cells, and reduced activation of T cells. Elderly individuals face a greater risk for many diseases particularly respiratory diseases due to their poor response to immune challenges as vigorously as the young. The current review explored the aging immune system, highlight the mortality rates of severe lung complications, such as pneumonia, COVID-19, asthma, COPD, lung cancer, IPF, and acute lung injury, and their correlation with aging immunity. This study can be helpful in better understanding the pathophysiology of aging, immune responses, and developing new approaches to improve the average age of the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meilian Peng
- Department of Maternity, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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186
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Esmaeilzadeh A, Bahmaie N, Nouri E, Hajkazemi MJ, Zareh Rafie M. Immunobiological Properties and Clinical Applications of Interleukin-38 for Immune-Mediated Disorders: A Systematic Review Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12552. [PMID: 34830435 PMCID: PMC8625918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exponential growth in the usage of "cytokines" (as seroimmunobiomarkers) has facilitated more accurate prognosis, early diagnosis, novel, and efficient immunotherapeutics. Numerous studies have reported immunopathophysiological and immunopathological processes of interleukin-38 (IL-38). Therefore, in this systematic review article, the authors aimed to present an updated comprehensive overview on the immunobiological mechanisms, diagnostic, and immune gene-based therapeutic potentials of IL-38. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 216 articles were collected from several search engines and databases from the January 2012 to July 2021 time interval by using six main keywords. Physiologic or pathologic microenvironments, optimal dosage, and involved receptors affect the functionalities of IL-38. Alterations in serum levels of IL-38 play a major role in the immunopathogenesis of a wide array of immune-mediated disorders. IL-38 shows anti-inflammatory activities by reduction or inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, supporting the therapeutic aspects of IL-38 in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. According to the importance of pre-clinical studies, it seems that manipulation of the immune system by immunomodulatory properties of IL-38 can increase the accuracy of diagnosis, and decipher optimal clinical outcomes. To promote our knowledge, more collaboration is highly recommended among laboratory scientists, internal/infectious diseases specialists, oncologists, immunologists, diseases-specific biomarkers scientists, and basic medical researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran
- Immunotherapy Research & Technology Group, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran
| | - Nazila Bahmaie
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Science, Near East University (NEU), Nicosia 99138, Cyprus;
- Pediatric Ward, Department of Allergy and Immunology, Near East University affiliated Hospital, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus
- Serology and Immunology Ward, Clinical Diagnosis Laboratory, Private Baskent Hospital, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1419733151, Iran
| | - Elham Nouri
- School of Paramedicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran;
- Shahid Beheshti University Affiliated Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Hajkazemi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran; (M.J.H.); (M.Z.R.)
| | - Maryam Zareh Rafie
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956111, Iran; (M.J.H.); (M.Z.R.)
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187
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Qiu L, Gong G, Wu W, Li N, Li Z, Chen S, Li P, Chen T, Zhao H, Hu C, Fang Z, Wang Y, Liu H, Cui P, Zhang G. A novel prognostic signature for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on five-immune-related genes. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1570. [PMID: 34790776 PMCID: PMC8576669 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a highly fatal lung disease of unknown etiology with a median survival after diagnosis of only 2–3 years. Its poor prognosis is due to the limited therapy options available as well as the lack of effective prognostic indicators. This study aimed to construct a novel prognostic signature for IPF to assist in the personalized management of IPF patients during treatment. Methods Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) in IPF patients versus healthy individuals were analyzed using the “limma” package of R software. Immune-related genes (IRGs) were obtained from the ImmPort database. Univariate Cox regression analysis was adopted to screen significantly prognostic IRGs for IPF patients. Multiple Cox regression analysis was used to identify optimal prognostic IRGs and construct a prognostic signature. Results Compared with healthy individuals, there were a total of 52 prognosis-related DEGs in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of IPF patients, of which 37 genes were identified as IRGs. Of these, five genes (CXCL14, SLC40A1, RNASE3, CCR3, and RORA) were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) in IPF patients, and were utilized for establishment of the prognostic signature. IPF patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups based on the prognostic signature. Marked differences in the OS probability were observed between high- and low-risk IPF patients. The area under curves (AUCs) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the prognostic signature in the training and validation cohorts were 0.858 and 0.837, respectively. The expression levels between RNASE3 and SLC40A1 (P<0.01, r=0.394), between RORA and CXCL14 (P<0.01, r=−0.355), between CCR3 and CXCL14 (P<0.01, r=0.258), as well as between RNASE3 and CCR3 (P<0.01, r=0.293) were significantly correlated. Conclusions We developed a validated and reproducible IRG-based prognostic signature that should be helpful in the personalized management of patients with IPF, providing new insights into the relationship between the immune system and IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Medical Key Laboratory for Interstitial Lung Disease and Lung Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gencheng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nana Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaonan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Medical Key Laboratory for Interstitial Lung Disease and Lung Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Medical Key Laboratory for Interstitial Lung Disease and Lung Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Chronic Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huasi Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunling Hu
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeming Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongping Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Panpan Cui
- School of Nursing and Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Medical Key Laboratory for Interstitial Lung Disease and Lung Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Chronic Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou, China
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188
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Deleterious Role of Th9 Cells in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113209. [PMID: 34831433 PMCID: PMC8621886 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease of unknown etiology. Immune disorders play an important role in IPF pathogenesis. Here, we show that Th9 cells differentiate and activate in the lung tissue of patients with IPF and bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis mice. Moreover, we found that Th9 cells promote pulmonary fibrosis in two ways. On the one hand, Th9 cells promote fibroblast differentiation, activation, and collagen secretion by secreting IL-9. On the other hand, they promote differentiation of Th0 cells into Th2 cells by secreting IL-4. Th9 cells and Th2 cells can promote each other, accelerating the Th1/Th2 imbalance and eventually forming a positive feedback of pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, we found that neutralizing IL-9 in both preventive and therapeutic settings ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, we identified several critical signaling pathways involved in the effect of neutralizing IL-9 on pulmonary fibrosis by proteomics study. From an immunological perspective, we elucidated the novel role and underlying mechanism of Th9 cells in pulmonary fibrosis. Our study suggested that Th9-based immunotherapy may be employed as a treatment strategy for IPF.
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189
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Tsitoura E, Trachalaki A, Vasarmidi E, Mastrodemou S, Margaritopoulos GA, Kokosi M, Fanidis D, Galaris A, Aidinis V, Renzoni E, Tzanakis N, Wells AU, Antoniou KM. Collagen 1a1 Expression by Airway Macrophages Increases In Fibrotic ILDs and Is Associated With FVC Decline and Increased Mortality. Front Immunol 2021; 12:645548. [PMID: 34867934 PMCID: PMC8635798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD), patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and a subset of those with non-IPF fibrotic ILD have a distinct clinical phenotype of progression despite management. This group of patients has been collectively termed the progressive fibrotic phenotype (PFP). Their early recognition may facilitate access to antifibrotic therapies to prevent or slow progression. Macrophages/monocytes within the lung orchestrate the progression and maintenance of fibrosis. A novel role for monocyte-derived macrophages during tissue damage and wound healing is the expression of collagens. We examined Collagen 1a1 expression in airway macrophages from ILD patients at diagnosis. COL1A1 mRNA levels from BAL cells were elevated in IPF and Non-IPF patients. The presence of a UIP pattern and a subsequent progressive phenotype were significantly associated with the higher BAL COL1A1 levels. In Non-IPF patients, higher COL1A1 levels were associated with a more than twofold increase in mortality. The intracellular localisation of COL1A1 in airway macrophages was demonstrated by confocal microscopy in CD45 and CD163 co-staining assays. Additionally, airway macrophages co-expressed COL1A1 with the profibrotic SPP1 gene product osteopontin. The levels of SPP1 mRNA and OPN in the BAL were significantly higher in IPF and Non-IPF patients relative to healthy. Our results suggest that profibrotic airway macrophages are increased in the BAL of patients with IPF and other ILDs and co-express COL1A1 and OPN. Importantly, COL1A1 expression by pro-fibrotic airway macrophages could be a marker of disease progression and poor survival in ILDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Tsitoura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Athina Trachalaki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eirini Vasarmidi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Semeli Mastrodemou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George A. Margaritopoulos
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Kokosi
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dionysios Fanidis
- Division of Immunology, Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos Galaris
- Division of Immunology, Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Division of Immunology, Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Renzoni
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikos Tzanakis
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Athol U. Wells
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katerina M. Antoniou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- *Correspondence: Katerina M. Antoniou,
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Fabbrizzi A, Nannini G, Lavorini F, Tomassetti S, Amedei A. Microbiota and IPF: hidden and detected relationships. SARCOIDOSIS VASCULITIS AND DIFFUSE LUNG DISEASES 2021; 38:e2021028. [PMID: 34744424 PMCID: PMC8552575 DOI: 10.36141/svdld.v38i3.11365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lung microbiota (LM) is an interesting new way to consider and redesign pathogenesis and possible therapeutic approach to many lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is an interstitial pneumonia with bad prognosis. Chronic inflammation is the basis but probably not the only cause of lung fibrosis and although the risk factors are not completely clear, endogenous factors (e.g. gastroesophageal reflux) and environmental factors like cigarette smoking, industrial dusts, and precisely microbial agents could contribute to the IPF development. It is well demonstrated that many bacteria can cause epithelial cell injuries in the airways through induction of a host immune response or by activating flogosis mediators following a chronic, low-level antigenic stimulus. This persistent host response could influence fibroblast responsiveness suggesting that LM may play a role in repetitive alveolar injury in IPF. We reviewed literature regarding not only bacteria but also the role of virome and mycobiome in IPF. In fact, some viruses such as hepatitis C virus or certain fungi could be etiological agents or co-factors in the IPF progress. We aim to illustrate how the cross-talk between different local microbiotas throughout specific axis and immune modulation governed by microorganisms could be at the basis of lung dysfunctions and IPF development. Finally, since the future direction of medicine will be personalized, we suggest that the analysis of LM could be a goal to research new therapies also in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Fabbrizzi
- Department of Respiratory Physiopathology, Palagi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Lavorini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Tomassetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy
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191
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Hoffman TW, van Moorsel CHM, Kazemier KM, Biesma DH, Grutters JC, van Kessel DA. Humoral Immune Status in Relation to Outcomes in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Lung 2021; 199:667-676. [PMID: 34714393 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-021-00488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severe fibrotic lung disease, in which inflammation is thought to only play a secondary role. Several factors associated with acute exacerbations of IPF (AE-IPF) have been identified, including infections. This study investigated whether humoral immunodeficiency or increased inflammatory markers at diagnosis were associated with AE-IPF and survival. METHODS Four-hundred-and-nine patients diagnosed with IPF between 2011 and 2017 were retrospectively included. Immune status investigations at diagnosis included measurement of serum immunoglobulins (available in 38%), leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (available in 58%), as well as response to pneumococcal vaccination (available in 64%). RESULTS Serum immunoglobulins or IgG subclass levels were below the lower limit of normal in 6%. The response to pneumococcal vaccination was severely impaired in 1%. Thirteen percent of patients developed an AE-IPF (4.7% per year). AE-IPF were associated with elevated lymphocytes in BAL fluid at diagnosis (p = 0.03). Higher serum IgA and IgG at diagnosis were associated with worse survival (p = 0.01; and p = 0.04), as were an increased BAL lymphocyte percentage (p = 0.005), and higher blood leukocytes and neutrophils (p = 0.01; and p = 0.0005). In a multivariate model, only BAL lymphocyte count retained statistical significance (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION The prevalence of humoral immunodeficiencies was low in patients with IPF and not associated with AE-IPF or survival. Elevated lymphocytes in BAL were associated with the development of AE-IPF and worse survival. Higher serum immunoglobulins and immune cells in blood were also associated with worse survival. The local immune response in the lungs may be a target for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Hoffman
- Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, 3435CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
| | - C H M van Moorsel
- Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, 3435CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K M Kazemier
- Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, 3435CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D H Biesma
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - J C Grutters
- Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, 3435CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D A van Kessel
- Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, 3435CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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192
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Salonen J, Kreus M, Lehtonen S, Vähänikkilä H, Purokivi M, Kaarteenaho R. Decline in Mast Cell Density During Diffuse Alveolar Damage in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Inflammation 2021; 45:768-779. [PMID: 34686945 PMCID: PMC8956519 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), although their role in acute exacerbations of IPF has not been investigated. The aims of the study were to evaluate the numbers of MCs in fibrotic and non-fibrotic areas of lung tissue specimens of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients with or without an acute exacerbation of IPF, and to correlate the MC density with clinical parameters. MCs of IPF patients were quantified from surgical lung biopsy (SLB) specimens (n = 47) and lung tissue specimens taken at autopsy (n = 7). MC density was higher in the fibrotic areas of lung tissue compared with spared alveolar areas or in controls. Female gender, low diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, diffuse alveolar damage, and smoking were associated with a low MC density. MC densities of fibrotic areas had declined significantly in five subjects in whom both SLB in the stable phase and autopsy after an acute exacerbation of IPF had been performed. There were no correlations of MC densities with survival time or future acute exacerbations. The MC density in fibrotic areas was associated with several clinical parameters. An acute exacerbation of IPF was associated with a significant decline in MC counts. Further investigations will be needed to clarify the role of these cells in IPF and in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbation as this may help to identify some potential targets for medical treatment for this serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Salonen
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Kreus
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
| | - Siri Lehtonen
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, University Hospital of Oulu, P.O. Box 23, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannu Vähänikkilä
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, University of Oulu, Arctic Biobank, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Purokivi
- The Center of Medicine and Clinical Research, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riitta Kaarteenaho
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029 OYS Oulu, Finland
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193
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Burgoyne RA, Fisher AJ, Borthwick LA. The Role of Epithelial Damage in the Pulmonary Immune Response. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102763. [PMID: 34685744 PMCID: PMC8534416 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary epithelial cells are widely considered to be the first line of defence in the lung and are responsible for coordinating the innate immune response to injury and subsequent repair. Consequently, epithelial cells communicate with multiple cell types including immune cells and fibroblasts to promote acute inflammation and normal wound healing in response to damage. However, aberrant epithelial cell death and damage are hallmarks of pulmonary disease, with necrotic cell death and cellular senescence contributing to disease pathogenesis in numerous respiratory diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronavirus disease (COVID)-19. In this review, we summarise the literature that demonstrates that epithelial damage plays a pivotal role in the dysregulation of the immune response leading to tissue destruction and abnormal remodelling in several chronic diseases. Specifically, we highlight the role of epithelial-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and senescence in shaping the immune response and assess their contribution to inflammatory and fibrotic signalling pathways in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ann Burgoyne
- Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Andrew John Fisher
- Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Transplantation Theme, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
- Institute of Transplantation, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Lee Anthony Borthwick
- Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-191-208-3112
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194
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Xu Y, Peng W, Han D, Feng F, Wang Z, Gu C, Zhou X, Wu Q. Maiwei Yangfei decoction prevents bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1306. [PMID: 34630661 PMCID: PMC8461617 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maiwei Yangfei (MWYF) is a compound Chinese herb that is safe and effective in the clinical setting in patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF). The aim of the present study was to assess the role of a (MWYF) decoction in a bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF mouse model and to investigate the underlying functional mechanism. Chemical components within the MWYF decoction were analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 50 C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to one of the following five groups with 10 mice per group: Control, model, low dose MWYF (20 g/kg), medium dose MWYF (40 g/kg) and high dose MWYF (60 g/kg). A mouse PF model was established by the tracheal instillation of BLM (5 mg/kg) prior to MWYF treatment, except for mice in the control group. After 21 days of treatment with MWYF, the mice were sacrificed and the body weights were recorded. In addition, pulmonary tissues and bronchial alveolar lavage fluid were collected. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, hydroxyproline, pyridinoline and collagen I levels were determined using ELISA. Vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, TGF-β1, Smad3, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, collagen I and collagen III were determined using western blotting. Vimentin and α-SMA levels were also determined using immunofluorescence analysis. Collagens I and III were detected using immunohistochemical analysis and TGF-β1 and Smad3 levels were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Following treatment with MWYF decoction, the body weight of the mice in the PF group increased, the degree of pulmonary alveolitis and PF was reduced, collagen levels were reduced and the expression levels of α-SMA, vimentin and fibronectin were decreased. Although both protein and mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 and Smad3 were reduced, they remained higher than those observed in the control group. To conclude, MWYF decoction delayed the development of BLM-induced PF in mice, where the functional mechanism was likely associated with the TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wenpan Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Di Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Fanchao Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xianmei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
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195
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Chan Y, Raju Allam VSR, Paudel KR, Singh SK, Gulati M, Dhanasekaran M, Gupta PK, Jha NK, Devkota HP, Gupta G, Hansbro PM, Oliver BGG, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Nutraceuticals: unlocking newer paradigms in the mitigation of inflammatory lung diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-31. [PMID: 34613853 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1986467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Persistent respiratory tract inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of various chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. These inflammatory respiratory diseases have been a major public health concern as they are the leading causes of worldwide mortality and morbidity, resulting in heavy burden on socioeconomic growth throughout these years. Although various therapeutic agents are currently available, the clinical applications of these agents are found to be futile due to their adverse effects, and most patients remained poorly controlled with a low quality of life. These drawbacks have necessitated the development of novel, alternative therapeutic agents that can effectively improve therapeutic outcomes. Recently, nutraceuticals such as probiotics, vitamins, and phytochemicals have gained increasing attention due to their nutritional properties and therapeutic potential in modulating the pathological mechanisms underlying inflammatory respiratory diseases, which could ultimately result in improved disease control and overall health outcomes. As such, nutraceuticals have been held in high regard as the possible alternatives to address the limitations of conventional therapeutics, where intensive research are being performed to identify novel nutraceuticals that can positively impact various inflammatory respiratory diseases. This review provides an insight into the utilization of nutraceuticals with respect to their molecular mechanisms targeting multiple signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Sachin K Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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196
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Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids and Fibrosis: Recent Insights for the Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910714. [PMID: 34639055 PMCID: PMC8509622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ fibrosis often ends in eventual organ failure and leads to high mortality. Although researchers have identified many effector cells and molecular pathways, there are few effective therapies for fibrosis to date and the underlying mechanism needs to be examined and defined further. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are endogenous lipid metabolites of arachidonic acid (ARA) synthesized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases. EETs are rapidly metabolized primarily via the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) pathway. The sEH pathway produces dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), which have lower activity. Stabilized or increased EETs levels exert several protective effects, including pro-angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-senescence. Currently, intensive investigations are being carried out on their anti-fibrotic effects in the kidney, heart, lung, and liver. The present review provides an update on how the stabilized or increased production of EETs is a reasonable theoretical basis for fibrosis treatment.
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197
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Huang YY, Deng J, Tian YJ, Liang J, Xie X, Huang Y, Zhu J, Zhu Z, Zhou Q, He X, Luo HB. Mangostanin Derivatives as Novel and Orally Active Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis with Improved Safety. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13736-13751. [PMID: 34520193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease, and its incidence rate is rapidly rising. However, effective therapies for the treatment of IPF are still lacking. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors were reported to be potential anti-fibrotic agents, but their clinical use was hampered by side effects like emesis and nausea. Herein, structure-based hit-to-lead optimizations of natural mangostanin resulted in the novel and orally active PDE4 inhibitor 18a with potent inhibitory affinity (IC50 = 4.2 nM), favorable physico-chemical properties, and a different binding pattern from roflumilast. Emetic activity tests on dogs demonstrated that 18a cannot cause emesis even at an oral dose of 10 mg/kg, whereas rolipram had severe emetic effects at an oral dose of 1 mg/kg. Finally, the oral administration of 18a (10 mg/kg) exhibited comparable anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects with pirfenidone (150 mg/kg) in a bleomycin-induced IPF rat model, indicating its potential as a novel anti-IPF agent with improved safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-You Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Jing Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jinhao Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yue Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ziran Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xixin He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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198
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Fang L, Wang W, Chen J, Zuo A, Gao H, Yan T, Wang P, Lu Y, Lv R, Xu F, Chen Y, Lyu L. Osthole Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Modulating NADPH Oxidase 4-Derived Oxidative Stress in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3309944. [PMID: 34527170 PMCID: PMC8437590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3309944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease characterized by the extensive accumulation of myofibroblasts and collagens. However, the exact mechanism that underlies this condition is unclear. Growing evidence suggests that NADPH oxidases (NOXs), especially NOX4-derived oxidative stress, play an important role in the development of lung fibrosis. Bleomycin (BLM) is a tumor chemotherapeutic agent, which has been widely employed to establish IPF animal models. Osthole (OST) is an active constituent of the fruit of Cnidium ninidium. Here, we used an in vivo mouse model and found that OST suppressed BLM-induced body weight loss, lung injury, pulmonary index increase, fibroblast differentiation, and pulmonary fibrosis. OST also significantly downregulated BLM-induced NOX4 expression and oxidative stress in the lungs. In vitro, OST could inhibit TGF-β1-induced Smad3 phosphorylation, differentiation, proliferation, collagen synthesis, NOX4 expression, and ROS generation in human lung fibroblasts in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, NOX4 overexpression could prevent the above effects of OST. We came to the conclusion that OST could significantly attenuate BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, via the mechanism that involved downregulating TGF-β1/NOX4-mediated oxidative stress in lung fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Fang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiazheng Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Anju Zuo
- Department of General Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongmei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Pengqi Wang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yujia Lu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruijuan Lv
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences: The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences: The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences: The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linmao Lyu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences: The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Sharma N, Nagaraj C, Nagy BM, Marsh LM, Bordag N, Zabini D, Wygrecka M, Klepetko W, Gschwandtner E, Genové G, Heinemann A, Weir EK, Kwapiszewska G, Olschewski H, Olschewski A. RGS5 Determines Neutrophil Migration in the Acute Inflammatory Phase of Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179342. [PMID: 34502263 PMCID: PMC8430858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) represents a widespread system of controllers of cellular responses. The activities of the R4 subfamily of RGSs have been elucidated in allergic pulmonary diseases. However, the R4 signaling in other inflammatory lung diseases, with a strong cellular immune response, remained unexplored. Thus, our study aimed to discern the functional relevance of the R4 family member, RGS5, as a potential modulating element in this context. Gene profiling of the R4 subfamily showed increased RGS5 expression in human fibrosing lung disease samples. In line with this, RGS5 was markedly increased in murine lungs following bleomycin injury. RGS knock-out mice (RGS-/-) had preserved lung function while control mice showed significant combined ventilatory disorders three days after bleomycin application as compared to untreated control mice. Loss of RGS5 was associated with a significantly reduced neutrophil influx and tissue myeloperoxidase expression. In the LPS lung injury model, RGS5-/- mice also failed to recruit neutrophils into the lung, which was accompanied by reduced tissue myeloperoxidase levels after 24 h. Our in-vitro assays showed impaired migration of RGS5-/- neutrophils towards chemokines despite preserved Ca2+ signaling. ERK dephosphorylation might play a role in reduced neutrophil migration in our model. As a conclusion, loss of RGS5 preserves lung function and attenuates hyperinflammation in the acute phase of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and LPS-induced lung injury. Targeting RGS5 might alleviate the severity of exacerbations in interstitial lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
- Experimental Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Bence M. Nagy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Leigh M. Marsh
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Natalie Bordag
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Diana Zabini
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (W.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Elisabeth Gschwandtner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (W.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Guillem Genové
- Integrated CardioMetabolic Centre (ICMC), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - E Kenneth Weir
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria; (N.S.); (C.N.); (B.M.N.); (L.M.M.); (N.B.); (D.Z.); (G.K.); (H.O.)
- Experimental Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)316-385-72057
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Li L, Lao YH, Zhang N. Time course of histopathological changes after bleomycin sclerotherapy in rabbit gallbladders as a model for simple hepatic cysts. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:75. [PMID: 34405047 PMCID: PMC8330001 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bleomycin sclerotherapy is used in the treatment of cystic lesions; however, the histopathological changes are undefined. Present animal models of cystic diseases are not adequate for the study of sclerotherapy of hepatic cysts, primarily because the established cysts in these models are too small in size. The aim of the present study was to establish a new animal model of simple hepatic cysts, and assess the histopathological changes after bleomycin sclerotherapy. Rabbit gallbladder, with ligaturing of the cholecystic duct whilst preserving cholecystic vessels, was used as a model for simple hepatic cysts. Bleomycin (2 mg dissolved in 1 ml saline) was injected into the aspirated gallbladder, gallbladder tissue was harvested (after 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 84 days) and histopathological changes were evaluated (n=4 per group). Additionally, control rabbit gallbladders were injected with 1 ml saline and sampled after 14 days (n=4). Histopathological changes were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemistry for CD20-, CD43- and CD68-positive cells was performed. The integrated optical density (IOD) of immunohistochemical staining and average positive stained area percentage (APSAP) of collagen were quantitatively analyzed. The results revealed gallbladders in the control group had regular epithelial cells with no visible inflammation or fibrosis. In the experimental group, epithelial cells were swollen and necrotic on the first day, and were replaced gradually by single-layer flat cells from day 56. Inflammatory infiltration was found in the submucosa, and the IOD of T cells, B cells and macrophages were highest on day 1, and these parameters declined gradually, eventually disappearing. The APSAP of collagen was highest on day 7, and gradually declined thereafter. The results suggest that histopathological changes after bleomycin sclerotherapy of a simple hepatic cyst model were characterized by sequential epithelial destruction, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen proliferation and epithelial partial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510507, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hao Lao
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510507, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Liwan Central Hospital of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510507, P.R. China
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