151
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Seale K, Horvath S, Teschendorff A, Eynon N, Voisin S. Making sense of the ageing methylome. Nat Rev Genet 2022; 23:585-605. [PMID: 35501397 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-022-00477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over time, the human DNA methylation landscape accrues substantial damage, which has been associated with a broad range of age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Various age-related DNA methylation changes have been described, including at the level of individual CpGs, such as differential and variable methylation, and at the level of the whole methylome, including entropy and correlation networks. Here, we review these changes in the ageing methylome as well as the statistical tools that can be used to quantify them. We detail the evidence linking DNA methylation to ageing phenotypes and the longevity strategies aimed at altering both DNA methylation patterns and machinery to extend healthspan and lifespan. Lastly, we discuss theories on the mechanistic causes of epigenetic ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Seale
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Teschendorff
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nir Eynon
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Sarah Voisin
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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152
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Effects of time-restricted feeding and type of food on fertility competence in female mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7064. [PMID: 35488048 PMCID: PMC9054750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the effects of feeding regimen (ad libitum vs. time-restricted food access) and type of food (normal chow (NC: 12% fat) vs. moderately high calorie diet (mHCD: 31% fat)) on fertility competence of female mice. Mice fed mHCD had higher number of oocytes than mice fed NC. On the other hand, when mice were fed NC under time-restricted access to food (NT), the developmental rate to the blastocyst per number of normally fertilized ova was significantly decreased compared to others. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in oocytes increased in time-restricted food access and NC group. Transcriptome analysis of whole ovarian tissues from these mice showed a change in the cholesterol metabolism among the four groups. Time-restricted food access decreased serum LDL cholesterol level in both NC and mHCD groups. Moreover, the number of atretic follicles increased in NT mice compared to ad libitum food access mice. The present study shows that mHCD feeding increases the number of ovulated oocytes and that time-restricted feeding of NC impairs the developmental competence of oocytes after fertilization, probably due to the changes in serum cholesterol levels and an increase in the ROS content in oocytes.
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153
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Time-restricted feeding entrains long-term behavioral changes through the IGF2-KCC2 pathway. iScience 2022; 25:104267. [PMID: 35521538 PMCID: PMC9062755 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) integrates light and systemic signals from peripheral tissues to coordinate physiology and behavior daily rhythms. However, the contribution that nutrients and feeding patterns provide to the SCN network regulation remains controversial. Here, we found that time-restricted feeding (TRF) in ZT0-4 (Zeitgeber Time) generates a robust and long-term shift in locomotor behavior and increased wakefulness. Intracellular Ca2+ signals in SCN GABAergic neurons of freely moving mice showed significant activation after ZT0-4 TRF treatment. Furthermore, RNA-seq profiling of SCN showed that TRF during ZT0-4 increased Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (Igf2) expression and dysregulated ion transporters, including the downregulation of Kcc2. SCN neuron-specific loss of function of Kcc2 amplified ZT0-4 TRF induced aftereffect. Moreover, overexpression of IGF2 in SCN GABAergic neurons extended the locomotion range, mirroring the TRF aftereffect. In summary, our study showed that the IGF2-KCC2 pathway plays an important role for TRF induced behavior changes.
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154
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Targeting Nuclear Receptors for T H17-Mediated Inflammation: REV-ERBerations of Circadian Rhythm and Metabolism. IMMUNOMETABOLISM 2022; 4:e220006. [PMID: 35475255 PMCID: PMC9038092 DOI: 10.20900/immunometab20220006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Since their discovery, a significant amount of progress has been made understanding T helper 17 (TH17) cells' roles in immune homeostasis and disease. Outside of classical cytokine signaling, environmental and cellular intrinsic factors, including metabolism, have proven to be critical for non-pathogenic vs pathogenic TH17 cell development, clearance of infections, and disease. The nuclear receptor RORγt has been identified as a key regulator of TH17-mediated inflammation. Nuclear receptors regulate a variety of physiological processes, ranging from reproduction to the circadian rhythm, immunity to metabolism. Outside of RORγt, the roles of other nuclear receptors in TH17-mediated immunity are not as well established. In this mini-review we describe recent studies that revealed a role for a different member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, REV-ERBα, in the regulation of TH17 cells and autoimmunity. We highlight similarities and differences between reports, potential roles beyond TH17-mediated cytokine regulation, unresolved questions in the field, as well as the translational potential of targeting REV-ERBα.
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155
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Spinelli E, Werner Junior J. Human adaptative behavior to Antarctic conditions: A review of physiological aspects. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1556. [PMID: 35419979 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Antarctic environment induces adaptive metabolic and neuroendocrine changes associated with survival, as well as increased risks to physical and mental health. Circadian disruption has been observed in Antarctic expeditioners. The main consequences appear in quality of sleep, which can affect physical and cognitive performance. Physiological adaptation to cold is mediated by the norepinephrine and thyroid hormones (T3 and 3,5-T2 metabolite). The observed changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis of expeditioners varied according to temperature, photoperiod, time spent in the cold environment and stress level. The decrease in T3 levels has frequently been associated with mood swings. Psychological and physical stressors cause disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, with consequent maintenance of high cortisol levels, leading to memory impairment, immunosuppression, and cardiometabolic and reproductive disorders. Preventive measures, such as provision of adequate food, well-established eating times, physical activity and even the use of phototherapy, can all help maintain the circadian rhythm. In addition, the use of high-tech clothing and room temperature control in research stations provide greater protection against the effects of intense cold. However, psychological stress requires a more individualized approach based on the crew's sociocultural characteristics, but it can be mitigated by mental healthcare and training in coping strategies. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Cardiovascular Diseases > Environmental Factors Metabolic Diseases > Environmental Factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliani Spinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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156
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Tang Y, Du X, Sun S, Shi W, Han Y, Zhou W, Zhang J, Teng S, Ren P, Liu G. Circadian Rhythm and Neurotransmitters Are Potential Pathways through Which Ocean Acidification and Warming Affect the Metabolism of Thick-Shell Mussels. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4324-4335. [PMID: 35293730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although the impacts of ocean acidification and warming on marine organisms have been increasingly documented, little is known about the affecting mechanism underpinning their interactive impacts on physiological processes such as metabolism. Therefore, the effects of these two stressors on metabolism were investigated in thick-shell mussel Mytilus coruscus in this study. In addition, because metabolism is primarily regulated by circadian rhythm and neurotransmitters, the impacts of acidification and warming on these two regulatory processes were also analyzed. The data obtained demonstrated that the metabolism of mussels (indicated by the clearance rate, oxygen consumption rate, ammonia excretion rate, O:N ratio, ATP content, activity of pyruvate kinase, and expression of metabolism-related genes) were significantly affected by acidification and warming, resulting in a shortage of energy supply (indicated by the in vivo content of ATP). In addition, exposure to acidification and warming led to evident disruption in circadian rhythm (indicated by the heartrate and the expression rhythm of Per2, Cry, and BMAL1) and neurotransmitters (indicated by the activity of acetyl cholinesterase and in vivo contents of ACh, GABA, and DA). These findings suggest that circadian rhythms and neurotransmitters might be potential routes through which acidification and warming interactively affect the metabolism of mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Du
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Shuge Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jiongming Zhang
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, P.R. China
| | | | - Peng Ren
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, P.R. China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
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157
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Yang Y, Tang H, Zheng J, Yang K. The PER1/HIF-1alpha negative feedback loop promotes ferroptosis and inhibits tumor progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2022; 18:101360. [PMID: 35134674 PMCID: PMC8888721 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PER1 is negatively correlated with GPX4 and HIF-1α expression in OSCC tissue. PER1 promotes ferroptosis in OSCC cells in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. PER1 binds with HIF-1α to promote HIF-1α degradation. HIF-1α binds to the PER1 promoter to inhibit PER1 transcription.
Current studies have proven that the decreased expression of the core circadian clock gene Period 1 (PER1) is closely related to the occurrence and progression of multiple malignant tumors, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). But the mechanism involved is largely unknown. In this study, we found that PER1 was negatively correlated with the expression of the key ferroptosis-regulated proteins glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) in OSCC tissues. The expression of the ferroptosis related proteins GPX4, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and transferrin receptor (TFRC) and the levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Fe2+ were detected in OSCC cells with overexpression or silencing of PER1. Mitochondrial morphology changes were observed. We found that PER1 promotes ferroptosis depending on HIF-1α in OSCC cells. In vivo tumorigenicity assays proved that PER1 overexpression inhibits HIF-1α, promotes ferroptosis and suppresses OSCC growth. Mechanistically, coimmunoprecipitation and cycloheximide tracking assays proved that PER1 binds to HIF-1α to promote HIF-1α protein degradation. ChIP and dual luciferase reporter assays proved that HIF-1α binds to the PER1 promoter leading to feedback inhibition of PER1 transcription. Our findings suggest that targeting the PER1/HIF-1α negative feedback loop may provide a new strategy for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiawen Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
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158
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Harmsen JF, Wefers J, Doligkeit D, Schlangen L, Dautzenberg B, Rense P, van Moorsel D, Hoeks J, Moonen-Kornips E, Gordijn MCM, van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Schrauwen P. The influence of bright and dim light on substrate metabolism, energy expenditure and thermoregulation in insulin-resistant individuals depends on time of day. Diabetologia 2022; 65:721-732. [PMID: 35106618 PMCID: PMC8894310 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In our modern society, artificial light is available around the clock and most people expose themselves to electrical light and light-emissive screens during the dark period of the natural light/dark cycle. Such suboptimal lighting conditions have been associated with adverse metabolic effects, and redesigning indoor lighting conditions to mimic the natural light/dark cycle more closely holds promise to improve metabolic health. Our objective was to compare metabolic responses to lighting conditions that resemble the natural light/dark cycle in contrast to suboptimal lighting in individuals at risk of developing metabolic diseases. METHODS Therefore, we here performed a non-blinded, randomised, controlled, crossover trial in which overweight insulin-resistant volunteers (n = 14) were exposed to two 40 h laboratory sessions with different 24 h lighting protocols while staying in a metabolic chamber under real-life conditions. In the Bright day-Dim evening condition, volunteers were exposed to electric bright light (~1250 lx) during the daytime (08:00-18:00 h) and to dim light (~5 lx) during the evening (18:00-23:00 h). Vice versa, in the Dim day-Bright evening condition, volunteers were exposed to dim light during the daytime and bright light during the evening. Randomisation and allocation to light conditions were carried out by sequential numbering. During both lighting protocols, we performed 24 h indirect calorimetry, and continuous core body and skin temperature measurements, and took frequent blood samples. The primary outcome was plasma glucose focusing on the pre- and postprandial periods of the intervention. RESULTS Spending the day in bright light resulted in a greater increase in postprandial triacylglycerol levels following breakfast, but lower glucose levels preceding the dinner meal at 18:00 h, compared with dim light (5.0 ± 0.2 vs 5.2 ± 0.2 mmol/l, n = 13, p=0.02). Dim day-Bright evening reduced the increase in postprandial glucose after dinner compared with Bright day-Dim evening (incremental AUC: 307 ± 55 vs 394 ± 66 mmol/l × min, n = 13, p=0.009). After the Bright day-Dim evening condition the sleeping metabolic rate was identical compared with the baseline night, whereas it dropped after Dim day-Bright evening. Melatonin secretion in the evening was strongly suppressed for Dim day-Bright evening but not for Bright day-Dim evening. Distal skin temperature for Bright day-Dim evening was lower at 18:00 h (28.8 ± 0.3°C vs 29.9 ± 0.4°C, n = 13, p=0.039) and higher at 23:00 h compared with Dim day-Bright evening (30.1 ± 0.3°C vs 28.8 ± 0.3°C, n = 13, p=0.006). Fasting and postprandial plasma insulin levels and the respiratory exchange ratio were not different between the two lighting protocols at any time. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Together, these findings suggest that the indoor light environment modulates postprandial substrate handling, energy expenditure and thermoregulation of insulin-resistant volunteers in a time-of-day-dependent manner. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03829982. FUNDING We acknowledge the financial support from the Netherlands Cardiovascular Research Initiative: an initiative with support from the Dutch Heart Foundation (CVON2014-02 ENERGISE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Frieder Harmsen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jakob Wefers
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Doligkeit
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Luc Schlangen
- Human-Technology Interaction Group and Intelligent Lighting Institute, Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Bas Dautzenberg
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal Rense
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk van Moorsel
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Moonen-Kornips
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke C M Gordijn
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Chrono@Work, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter D van Marken Lichtenbelt
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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159
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Saals B, Boss HM, Pot GK. Young people and adolescents have more irregular meals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A nested case-control study on chrono-nutrition before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:991-1000. [PMID: 35354418 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2054347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chrono-nutrition is an emerging field of research that includes three aspects of time: (1) regularity, (2) frequency, and (3) clock time. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the implemented lockdown, daily routines were disrupted, which presented a unique opportunity to investigate chrono-nutrition, in particular in adolescents. A nested case-control study was conducted and information on chrono-nutrition was collected via an anonymous online questionnaire including 99 participants aged 13 to 20 years (N = 43 before the COVID-19 pandemic and N = 56 during the COVID-19 pandemic). Differences in chrono-nutrition were tested with chi-square and Mann-Whitney U. During the COVID-19 pandemic, participants consumed their breakfast less regularly (34%) compared with participants before the COVID-19 pandemic (65%) (P = .003). Additionally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, participants consumed snacks in the morning (26% vs. 60%, P = .001), afternoon (19% vs. 81%, P < .000), and evening (22% vs. 84%, P < .001) less regularly. However, the frequency in afternoon (4.9 ± 2.2 times per week vs. 3.8 ± 1.9 times per week, P = .002) and evening snacks (4.4 ± 2.4 times per week vs. 3.4 ± 2.0 times per week, P = .02) was higher for participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also observed that participants reported more sleeping problems during the COVID-19 pandemic (34% vs. 14%; P = .07). This study in 99 young people and adolescents suggests that meal regularity declined during the COVID-19 pandemic, while meal frequency, especially snack consumption, increased. This highlights the importance of maintaining a regular daily structure to avoid excessive energy intake via snacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Saals
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Sleep centre, Hospital Gelderse Vallei, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - H Myrthe Boss
- Sleep centre, Hospital Gelderse Vallei, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda K Pot
- Nutrition and Health Department, Louis Bolk Institute, Bunnik, The Netherlands.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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160
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Najari-Hanjani P, Farazmandfar T, Golalipour M. PER3P1 pseudogene modulates PER3 oscillation: a new player in the molecular clock network. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2050978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Najari-Hanjani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Touraj Farazmandfar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoud Golalipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
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161
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Meng H, Gonzales NM, Jung SY, Lu Y, Putluri N, Zhu B, Dacso CC, Lonard DM, O'Malley BW. Defining the mammalian coactivation of hepatic 12-h clock and lipid metabolism. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110491. [PMID: 35263593 PMCID: PMC8958721 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 12-h clock coordinates lipid homeostasis, energy metabolism, and stress rhythms via the transcriptional regulator XBP1. However, the biochemical and physiological bases for integrated control of the 12-h clock and diverse metabolic pathways remain unclear. Here, we show that steroid receptor coactivator SRC-3 coactivates XBP1 transcription and regulates hepatic 12-h cistrome and gene rhythmicity. Mice lacking SRC-3 show abnormal 12-h rhythms in hepatic transcription, metabolic functions, systemic energetics, and rate-limiting lipid metabolic processes, including triglyceride, phospholipid, and cardiolipin pathways. Notably, 12-h clock coactivation is not only preserved, with its cistromic activation priming ahead of the zeitgeber cue of light, but concomitant with rhythmic remodeling in the absence of food. These findings reveal that SRC-3 integrates the mammalian 12-h clock, energy metabolism, and membrane and lipid homeostasis and demonstrates a role for the 12-h clock machinery as an active transcriptional mechanism in anticipating physiological and metabolic energy needs and stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Naomi M Gonzales
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Clifford C Dacso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David M Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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162
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Zhou L, Zhang Z, Nice E, Huang C, Zhang W, Tang Y. Circadian rhythms and cancers: the intrinsic links and therapeutic potentials. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:21. [PMID: 35246220 PMCID: PMC8896306 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is an evolutionarily conserved time-keeping system that comprises a wide variety of processes including sleep-wake cycles, eating-fasting cycles, and activity-rest cycles, coordinating the behavior and physiology of all organs for whole-body homeostasis. Acute disruption of circadian rhythm may lead to transient discomfort, whereas long-term irregular circadian rhythm will result in the dysfunction of the organism, therefore increasing the risks of numerous diseases especially cancers. Indeed, both epidemiological and experimental evidence has demonstrated the intrinsic link between dysregulated circadian rhythm and cancer. Accordingly, a rapidly increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms is opening new options for cancer therapy, possibly by modulating the circadian clock. In this review, we first describe the general regulators of circadian rhythms and their functions on cancer. In addition, we provide insights into the mechanisms underlying how several types of disruption of the circadian rhythm (including sleep-wake, eating-fasting, and activity-rest) can drive cancer progression, which may expand our understanding of cancer development from the clock perspective. Moreover, we also summarize the potential applications of modulating circadian rhythms for cancer treatment, which may provide an optional therapeutic strategy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Edouard Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Acupuncture and Chronobiology Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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163
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected sleep in several people. Though most of the studies argued that age, gender, employment, finances, responsibilities, and exposure to sunlight governed sleep-wake schedule and sleep disturbances, there is also scientific evidence to suggest that these issues could have aroused because of the infiltration of the central nervous system (CNS) by SARS-CoV-2. Sleep disturbances must be addressed during the pandemic as sleep disturbances and systemic inflammation run in a vicious cycle; quality of sleep and timing of vaccination can influence the immune response to vaccination and subjects having obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at higher risk for having SARS-CoV-2 infection-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh 249203, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh 249203, India.
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164
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Park J, Kim J, Yun Y, Han D, Kim K, Hong J, Cho S. Daily injection of melatonin inhibits insulin resistance induced by chronic mealtime shift. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15227. [PMID: 35343087 PMCID: PMC8958345 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Shift work disorders have become an emerging concern worldwide. Shift disorders encompass a wide range of illnesses that have yet to be identified. The study focused on the relationship between shift work disorders and insulin resistance. Previously, it was reported that advancing the usual mealtime of mice triggered insulin resistance. Here, the hypothesis that chronic mealtime shifts induce oxidative damage leading to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes was tested. It was found that mealtime shift causes imbalances between anti-oxidative capacity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, indicating increased oxidative damage during the light/rest phase. This study further demonstrated that daily supplementation of antioxidants at the appropriate time of day inhibited insulin resistance caused by chronic mealtime shifts, suggesting significant and chronic health implications for shift workers. In conclusion, it was confirmed that increased ROS levels caused by mealtime shift induce insulin resistance, which is inhibited by the antioxidant melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Park
- Department of NeuroscienceGraduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jichul Kim
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical ScienceGraduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Yejin Yun
- Department of Biomedical ScienceGraduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Dong‐Hee Han
- Department of NeuroscienceGraduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
- Present address:
Ildong Pharmaceutical Co. LtdSeocho‐guSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Kim
- Department of Brain ScienceDGISTDaeguSouth Korea
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of PharmacyKyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sehyung Cho
- Department of NeuroscienceGraduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
- Department of PhysiologyKyung Hee University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
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165
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Chen W, Liu S, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Y. Spatiotemporal Monitoring of NAD+ Metabolism with Fluorescent Biosensors. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 204:111657. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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166
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Constantino DB, Xavier NB, Levandovski R, Roenneberg T, Hidalgo MP, Pilz LK. Relationship Between Circadian Strain, Light Exposure, and Body Mass Index in Rural and Urban Quilombola Communities. Front Physiol 2022; 12:773969. [PMID: 35153809 PMCID: PMC8826472 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.773969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrialization has greatly changed human lifestyle; work and leisure activities have been moved indoors, and artificial light has been used to illuminate the night. As cyclic environmental cues such as light and feeding become weak and/or irregular, endogenous circadian systems are increasingly being disrupted. These disruptions are associated with metabolic dysfunction, possibly contributing to increased rates of overweight and obesity worldwide. Here, we aimed to investigate how activity-rest rhythms, patterns of light exposure, and levels of urbanization may be associated with body mass index (BMI) in a sample of rural and urban Quilombola communities in southern Brazil. These are characterized as remaining social groups who resisted the slavery regime that prevailed in Brazil. Quilombola communities were classified into five groups according to their stage of urbanization: from rural areas with no access to electricity to highly urbanized communities. We collected anthropometric data to calculate BMI, which was categorized as follows: from ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 to < 25 kg/m2 = normal weight; from ≥ 25 kg/m2 to < 30 kg/m2 = overweight; and ≥ 30 kg/m2 = obese. Subjects were asked about their sleep routines and light exposure on workdays and work-free days using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (N = 244 included). In addition, we analyzed actimetry data from 121 participants with seven consecutive days of recordings. Living in more urbanized areas and higher intradaily variability (IV) of activity-rest rhythms were associated with an increased risk of belonging to the overweight or obese group, when controlling for age and sex. These findings are consistent with preclinical data and point to potential strategies in obesity prevention and promotion of healthy metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Barroggi Constantino
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Program (PPG) em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicoli Bertuol Xavier
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Program (PPG) em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rosa Levandovski
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Program (PPG) Avaliação e Produção de Tecnologias para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (GHC), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Program (PPG) Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Till Roenneberg
- Institute of Medical Psychology - Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Paz Hidalgo
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Program (PPG) em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luísa K Pilz
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Program (PPG) em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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167
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Liu K, Salvati A, Sabirsh A. Physiology, pathology and the biomolecular corona: the confounding factors in nanomedicine design. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2136-2154. [PMID: 35103268 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08101b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The biomolecular corona that forms on nanomedicines in different physiological and pathological environments confers a new biological identity. How the recipient biological system's state can potentially affect nanomedicine corona formation, and how this can be modulated, remains obscure. With this perspective, this review summarizes the current knowledge about the content of biological fluids in various compartments and how they can be affected by pathological states, thus impacting biomolecular corona formation. The content of representative biological fluids is explored, and the urgency of integrating corona formation, as an essential component of nanomedicine designs for effective cargo delivery, is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Anna Salvati
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, The Netherlands
| | - Alan Sabirsh
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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168
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Fagiani F, Di Marino D, Romagnoli A, Travelli C, Voltan D, Mannelli LDC, Racchi M, Govoni S, Lanni C. Molecular regulations of circadian rhythm and implications for physiology and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:41. [PMID: 35136018 PMCID: PMC8825842 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “circadian rhythms” describes endogenous oscillations with ca. 24-h period associated with the earth’s daily rotation and light/dark cycle. Such rhythms reflect the existence of an intrinsic circadian clock that temporally orchestrates physiological processes to adapt the internal environment with the external cues. At the molecular level, the circadian clock consists of multiple sets of transcription factors resulting in autoregulatory transcription-translation feedback loops. Notably, in addition to their primary role as generator of circadian rhythm, the biological clock plays a key role in controlling physiological functions of almost all tissues and organs. It regulates several intracellular signaling pathways, ranging from cell proliferation, DNA damage repair and response, angiogenesis, metabolic and redox homeostasis, to inflammatory and immune response. In this review, we summarize findings showing the crosstalk between the circadian molecular clock and some key intracellular pathways, describing a scenario wherein their reciprocal regulation impinges upon several aspects of mammalian physiology. Moreover, based on evidence indicating that circadian rhythms can be challenged by environmental factors, social behaviors, as well as pre-existing pathological conditions, we discuss implications of circadian misalignment in human pathologies, such as cancer and inflammatory diseases. Accordingly, disruption of circadian rhythm has been reported to affect several physiological processes that are relevant to human diseases. Expanding our understanding of this field represents an intriguing and transversal medicine challenge in order to establish a circadian precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fagiani
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.,New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.,New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Voltan
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Marco Racchi
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Lanni
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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169
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Yu CW, Wu YC, Liao VHC. Early developmental nanoplastics exposure disturbs circadian rhythms associated with stress resistance decline and modulated by DAF-16 and PRDX-2 in C. elegans. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127091. [PMID: 34488090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plastics pollution is an emerging environmental problem and nanoplastics (NPs) toxicity has received great concern. This study investigated whether early developmental exposure to polystyrene NPs influence the circadian rhythms and the possible underlying mechanisms in C. elegans. We show that early developmental NPs exposure disturbs circadian rhythms in C. elegans and ASH neurons and G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK-2) are involved in the level of chemotaxis response. A higher bioconcentration factor in entrained worms was observed, suggesting that circadian interference results in increased NPs bioaccumulation in C. elegans. In addition, we show that reactive oxygen species produced by NPs exposure and peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX-2) are related to the disturbed circadian rhythms. We further show that the NPs-induced circadian rhythms disruption is associated with stress resistance decline and modulated by transcription DAF-16/FOXO signaling. Because circadian rhythms are found in most living organisms and the fact that DAF-16 and PRDX-2 are evolutionarily conserved, our findings suggest a possible negative impact of NPs on circadian rhythms and stress resistance in higher organisms including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Wei Yu
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Wu
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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170
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Tacad DKM, Tovar AP, Richardson CE, Horn WF, Keim NL, Krishnan GP, Krishnan S. Satiety Associated with Calorie Restriction and Time-Restricted Feeding: Central Neuroendocrine Integration. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:758-791. [PMID: 35134815 PMCID: PMC9156369 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on summarizing current knowledge on how time-restricted feeding (TRF) and continuous caloric restriction (CR) affect central neuroendocrine systems involved in regulating satiety. Several interconnected regions of the hypothalamus, brainstem, and cortical areas of the brain are involved in the regulation of satiety. Following CR and TRF, the increase in hunger and reduction in satiety signals of the melanocortin system [neuropeptide Y (NPY), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and agouti-related peptide (AgRP)] appear similar between CR and TRF protocols, as do the dopaminergic responses in the mesocorticolimbic circuit. However, ghrelin and leptin signaling via the melanocortin system appears to improve energy balance signals and reduce hyperphagia following TRF, which has not been reported in CR. In addition to satiety systems, CR and TRF also influence circadian rhythms. CR influences the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) or the primary circadian clock as seen by increased clock gene expression. In contrast, TRF appears to affect both the SCN and the peripheral clocks, as seen by phasic changes in the non-SCN (potentially the elusive food entrainable oscillator) and metabolic clocks. The peripheral clocks are influenced by the primary circadian clock but are also entrained by food timing, sleep timing, and other lifestyle parameters, which can supersede the metabolic processes that are regulated by the primary circadian clock. Taken together, TRF influences hunger/satiety, energy balance systems, and circadian rhythms, suggesting a role for adherence to CR in the long run if implemented using the TRF approach. However, these suggestions are based on only a few studies, and future investigations that use standardized protocols for the evaluation of the effect of these diet patterns (time, duration, meal composition, sufficiently powered) are necessary to verify these preliminary observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra K M Tacad
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA–Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ashley P Tovar
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - William F Horn
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA–Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nancy L Keim
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA–Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Giri P Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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171
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Austad SN, Ballinger S, Buford TW, Carter CS, Smith DL, Darley-Usmar V, Zhang J. Targeting whole body metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the drug development for Alzheimer's disease. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:511-531. [PMID: 35256932 PMCID: PMC8897048 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is by far the most prominent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and both aging and AD are associated with apparent metabolic alterations. As developing effective therapeutic interventions to treat AD is clearly in urgent need, the impact of modulating whole-body and intracellular metabolism in preclinical models and in human patients, on disease pathogenesis, have been explored. There is also an increasing awareness of differential risk and potential targeting strategies related to biological sex, microbiome, and circadian regulation. As a major part of intracellular metabolism, mitochondrial bioenergetics, mitochondrial quality-control mechanisms, and mitochondria-linked inflammatory responses have been considered for AD therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes and highlights these efforts.
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Key Words
- ACE2, angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- ADP, adenosine diphosphate
- ADRD, AD-related dementias
- Aβ, amyloid β
- CSF, cerebrospinal fluid
- Circadian regulation
- DAMPs
- DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns
- Diabetes
- ER, estrogen receptor
- ETC, electron transport chain
- FCCP, trifluoromethoxy carbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone
- FPR-1, formyl peptide receptor 1
- GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
- GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1
- HBP, hexoamine biosynthesis pathway
- HTRA, high temperature requirement A
- Hexokinase biosynthesis pathway
- I3A, indole-3-carboxaldehyde
- IRF-3, interferon regulatory factor 3
- LC3, microtubule associated protein light chain 3
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- LRR, leucine-rich repeat
- MAVS, mitochondrial anti-viral signaling
- MCI, mild cognitive impairment
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- Mdivi-1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1
- Microbiome
- Mitochondrial DNA
- Mitochondrial electron transport chain
- Mitochondrial quality control
- NLRP3, leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing protein (NLR)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3
- NOD, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain
- NeuN, neuronal nuclear protein
- PET, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography
- PKA, protein kinase A
- POLβ, the base-excision repair enzyme DNA polymerase β
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive species
- SAMP8, senescence-accelerated mice
- SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids
- SIRT3, NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3
- STING, stimulator of interferon genes
- STZ, streptozotocin
- SkQ1, plastoquinonyldecyltriphenylphosphonium
- T2D, type 2 diabetes
- TCA, Tricarboxylic acid
- TLR9, toll-like receptor 9
- TMAO, trimethylamine N-oxide
- TP, tricyclic pyrone
- TRF, time-restricted feeding
- cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- cGAS, cyclic GMP/AMP synthase
- hAPP, human amyloid precursor protein
- hPREP, human presequence protease
- i.p., intraperitoneal
- mTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
- αkG, alpha-ketoglutarate
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven N. Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Scott Ballinger
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Thomas W. Buford
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Christy S. Carter
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Daniel L. Smith
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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172
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Adamovich Y, Dandavate V, Asher G. Circadian clocks' interactions with oxygen sensing and signalling. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13770. [PMID: 34984824 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, physiology and metabolism are shaped both by immediate and anticipatory responses to environmental changes through the myriad of molecular mechanisms. Whilst the former is mostly mediated through different acute signalling pathways the latter is primarily orchestrated by the circadian clock. Oxygen is vital for life and as such mammals have evolved different mechanisms to cope with changes in oxygen levels. It is widely accepted that oxygen sensing through the HIF-1 signalling pathway is paramount for the acute response to changes in oxygen levels. Circadian clocks are molecular oscillators that control 24 hours rhythms in various aspects of physiology and behaviour. Evidence emerging in recent years points towards pervasive molecular and functional interactions between these two pathways on multiple levels. Daily oscillations in oxygen levels are circadian clock-controlled and can reset the clock through HIF-1. Furthermore, the circadian clock appears to modulate the hypoxic response. We review herein the literature related to the crosstalk between the circadian clockwork and the oxygen-signalling pathway in mammals at the molecular and physiological level both under normal and pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaarit Adamovich
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Vaishnavi Dandavate
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Gad Asher
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
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173
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Heyde I, Oster H. Induction of internal circadian desynchrony by misaligning zeitgebers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1601. [PMID: 35102210 PMCID: PMC8803932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
24-h rhythms in physiology and behaviour are orchestrated by an endogenous circadian clock system. In mammals, these clocks are hierarchically organized with a master pacemaker residing in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). External time signals-so-called zeitgebers-align internal with geophysical time. During shift work, zeitgeber input conflicting with internal time induces circadian desynchrony which, in turn, promotes metabolic and psychiatric disorders. However, little is known about how internal desynchrony is expressed at the molecular level under chronodisruptive environmental conditions. We here investigated the effects of zeitgeber misalignment on circadian molecular organisation by combining 28-h light-dark (LD-28) cycles with either 24-h (FF-24) or 28-h feeding-fasting (FF-28) regimes in mice. We found that FF cycles showed strong effects on peripheral clocks, while having little effect on centrally coordinated activity rhythms. Systemic, i.e., across-tissue internal circadian desynchrony was profoundly induced within four days in LD-28/FF-24, while phase coherence between tissue clocks was maintained to a higher degree under LD-28/FF-28 conditions. In contrast, temporal coordination of clock gene activity across tissues was reduced under LD-28/FF-28 conditions compared to LD-28/FF-24. These results indicate that timed food intake may improve internal synchrony under disruptive zeitgeber conditions but may, at the same time, weaken clock function at the tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Heyde
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, CBBM (House 66), Marie Curie Street, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrik Oster
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, CBBM (House 66), Marie Curie Street, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
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174
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Chronoradiobiology of Breast Cancer: The Time Is Now to Link Circadian Rhythm and Radiation Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031331. [PMID: 35163264 PMCID: PMC8836288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian disruption has been linked to cancer development, progression, and radiation response. Clinical evidence to date shows that circadian genetic variation and time of treatment affect radiation response and toxicity for women with breast cancer. At the molecular level, there is interplay between circadian clock regulators such as PER1, which mediates ATM and p53-mediated cell cycle gating and apoptosis. These molecular alterations may govern aggressive cancer phenotypes, outcomes, and radiation response. Exploiting the various circadian clock mechanisms may enhance the therapeutic index of radiation by decreasing toxicity, increasing disease control, and improving outcomes. We will review the body’s natural circadian rhythms and clock gene-regulation while exploring preclinical and clinical evidence that implicates chronobiological disruptions in the etiology of breast cancer. We will discuss radiobiological principles and the circadian regulation of DNA damage responses. Lastly, we will present potential rational therapeutic approaches that target circadian pathways to improve outcomes in breast cancer. Understanding the implications of optimal timing in cancer treatment and exploring ways to entrain circadian biology with light, diet, and chronobiological agents like melatonin may provide an avenue for enhancing the therapeutic index of radiotherapy.
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175
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Gabryelska A, Turkiewicz S, Karuga FF, Sochal M, Strzelecki D, Białasiewicz P. Disruption of Circadian Rhythm Genes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients-Possible Mechanisms Involved and Clinical Implication. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020709. [PMID: 35054894 PMCID: PMC8775490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent pauses in breathing caused by the collapse of the upper airways, which results in intermittent hypoxia and arousals during the night. The disorder is associated with a vast number of comorbidities affecting different systems, including cardiovascular, metabolic, psychiatric, and neurological complications. Due to abnormal sleep architecture, OSA patients are at high risk of circadian clock disruption, as has been reported in several recent studies. The circadian clock affects almost all daily behavioral patterns, as well as a plethora of physiological processes, and might be one of the key factors contributing to OSA complications. An intricate interaction between the circadian clock and hypoxia may further affect these processes, which has a strong foundation on the molecular level. Recent studies revealed an interaction between hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a key regulator of oxygen metabolism, and elements of circadian clocks. This relationship has a strong base in the structure of involved elements, as HIF-1 as well as PER, CLOCK, and BMAL, belong to the same Per-Arnt-Sim domain family. Therefore, this review summarizes the available knowledge on the molecular mechanism of circadian clock disruption and its influence on the development and progression of OSA comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-660796004
| | - Szymon Turkiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Filip Franciszek Karuga
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
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176
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Riley LA, Zhang X, Douglas CM, Mijares JM, Hammers DW, Wolff CA, Wood NB, Olafson HR, Du P, Labeit S, Previs MJ, Wang ET, Esser KA. The skeletal muscle circadian clock regulates titin splicing through RBM20. eLife 2022; 11:76478. [PMID: 36047761 PMCID: PMC9473687 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are maintained by a cell-autonomous, transcriptional-translational feedback loop known as the molecular clock. While previous research suggests a role of the molecular clock in regulating skeletal muscle structure and function, no mechanisms have connected the molecular clock to sarcomere filaments. Utilizing inducible, skeletal muscle specific, Bmal1 knockout (iMSBmal1-/-) mice, we showed that knocking out skeletal muscle clock function alters titin isoform expression using RNAseq, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-vertical agarose gel electrophoresis. This alteration in titin's spring length resulted in sarcomere length heterogeneity. We demonstrate the direct link between altered titin splicing and sarcomere length in vitro using U7 snRNPs that truncate the region of titin altered in iMSBmal1-/- muscle. We identified a mechanism whereby the skeletal muscle clock regulates titin isoform expression through transcriptional regulation of Rbm20, a potent splicing regulator of titin. Lastly, we used an environmental model of circadian rhythm disruption and identified significant downregulation of Rbm20 expression. Our findings demonstrate the importance of the skeletal muscle circadian clock in maintaining titin isoform through regulation of RBM20 expression. Because circadian rhythm disruption is a feature of many chronic diseases, our results highlight a novel pathway that could be targeted to maintain skeletal muscle structure and function in a range of pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance A Riley
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Collin M Douglas
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Joseph M Mijares
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - David W Hammers
- Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Christopher A Wolff
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Neil B Wood
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
| | - Hailey R Olafson
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Microbiology, Center for Neurogenetics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Ping Du
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Siegfried Labeit
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of HeidelbergMannheimGermany
| | - Michael J Previs
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
| | - Eric T Wang
- Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Department of Molecular Genetics of Microbiology, Center for Neurogenetics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States,Myology Institute, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
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177
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Abstract
Cross-talk between peripheral tissues is essential to ensure the coordination of nutrient intake with disposition during the feeding period, thereby preventing metabolic disease. This mini-review considers the interactions between the key peripheral tissues that constitute the metabolic clock, each of which is considered in a separate mini-review in this collation of articles published in Endocrinology in 2020 and 2021, by Martchenko et al (Circadian rhythms and the gastrointestinal tract: relationship to metabolism and gut hormones); Alvarez et al (The microbiome as a circadian coordinator of metabolism); Seshadri and Doucette (Circadian regulation of the pancreatic beta cell); McCommis et al (The importance of keeping time in the liver); Oosterman et al (The circadian clock, shift work, and tissue-specific insulin resistance); and Heyde et al (Contributions of white and brown adipose tissues to the circadian regulation of energy metabolism). The use of positive- and negative-feedback signals, both hormonal and metabolic, between these tissues ensures that peripheral metabolic pathways are synchronized with the timing of food intake, thus optimizing nutrient disposition and preventing metabolic disease. Collectively, these articles highlight the critical role played by the circadian clock in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Brubaker
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8Canada
- Correspondence: P. L. Brubaker, PhD, Departments of Physiology and Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Bldg, Rm 3366, 1 King’s College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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178
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Abstract
In mammals, molecular circadian clocks not only exist in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) but in almost all organ systems. Intriguingly, tissue clocks can operate in both isolated tissues and cell lines with endocrine signals mediating the circadian expression of local transcriptomes. This can be demonstrated by treating tissue explants with endocrine cues in a phase- and dose-dependent manner. In this chapter we provide an overview of methods to study the effects of candidate hormonal time cues on tissue clock resetting. We propose an experimental procedure based on an in vitro setup consisting of several consecutive steps in which organotypic tissue cultures or cells can be used. Our approach targets the potential resetting mechanism at three levels: the hormone, the direct clock gene target, and the tissue clock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Pilorz
- Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior & Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Iwona Olejniczak
- Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior & Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrik Oster
- Institute of Neurobiology, Center of Brain, Behavior & Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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179
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Kyle JE, Bramer LM, Claborne D, Stratton KG, Bloodsworth KJ, Teeguarden JG, Gaddameedhi S, Metz TO, Van Dongen HPA. Simulated Night-Shift Schedule Disrupts the Plasma Lipidome and Reveals Early Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:981-994. [PMID: 35645584 PMCID: PMC9133431 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s363437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The circadian system coordinates daily rhythms in lipid metabolism, storage and utilization. Disruptions of internal circadian rhythms due to altered sleep/wake schedules, such as in night-shift work, have been implicated in increased risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. To determine the impact of a night-shift schedule on the human blood plasma lipidome, an in-laboratory simulated shift work study was conducted. METHODS Fourteen healthy young adults were assigned to 3 days of either a simulated day or night-shift schedule, followed by a 24-h constant routine protocol with fixed environmental conditions, hourly isocaloric snacks, and constant wakefulness to investigate endogenous circadian rhythms. Blood plasma samples collected at 3-h intervals were subjected to untargeted lipidomics analysis. RESULTS More than 400 lipids were identified and quantified across 21 subclasses. Focusing on lipids with low between-subject variation per shift condition, alterations in the circulating plasma lipidome revealed generally increased mean triglyceride levels and decreased mean phospholipid levels after night-shift relative to day-shift. The circadian rhythms of triglycerides containing odd chain fatty acids peaked earlier during constant routine after night-shift. Regardless of shift condition, triglycerides tended to either peak or be depleted at 16:30 h, with chain-specific differences associated with the direction of change. DISCUSSION The simulated night-shift schedule was associated with altered temporal patterns in the lipidome. This may be premorbid to the elevated cardiovascular risk that has been found epidemiologically in night-shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Lisa M Bramer
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Daniel Claborne
- Computing and Analytics Division, National Security Directorate, PNNL, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Kelly G Stratton
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Kent J Bloodsworth
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Justin G Teeguarden
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99352, USA.,Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Shobhan Gaddameedhi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Hans P A Van Dongen
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA.,Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA
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180
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Czekus C, Steullet P, Orero López A, Bozic I, Rusterholz T, Bandarabadi M, Do KQ, Gutierrez Herrera C. Alterations in TRN-anterodorsal thalamocortical circuits affect sleep architecture and homeostatic processes in oxidative stress vulnerable Gclm -/- mice. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4394-4406. [PMID: 35902628 PMCID: PMC9734061 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with alterations of sensory integration, cognitive processing and both sleep architecture and sleep oscillations in mouse models and human subjects, possibly through changes in thalamocortical dynamics. Oxidative stress (OxS) damage, including inflammation and the impairment of fast-spiking gamma-aminobutyric acid neurons have been hypothesized as a potential mechanism responsible for the onset and development of schizophrenia. Yet, the link between OxS and perturbation of thalamocortical dynamics and sleep remains unclear. Here, we sought to investigate the effects of OxS on sleep regulation by characterizing the dynamics of thalamocortical networks across sleep-wake states in a mouse model with a genetic deletion of the modifier subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (Gclm knockout, KO) using high-density electrophysiology in freely-moving mice. We found that Gcml KO mice exhibited a fragmented sleep architecture and impaired sleep homeostasis responses as revealed by the increased NREM sleep latencies, decreased slow-wave activities and spindle rate after sleep deprivation. These changes were associated with altered bursting activity and firing dynamics of neurons from the thalamic reticularis nucleus, anterior cingulate and anterodorsal thalamus. Administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a clinically relevant antioxidant, rescued the sleep fragmentation and spindle rate through a renormalization of local neuronal dynamics in Gclm KO mice. Collectively, these findings provide novel evidence for a link between OxS and the deficits of frontal TC network dynamics as a possible mechanism underlying sleep abnormalities and impaired homeostatic responses observed in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Czekus
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Center for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Steullet
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Site de Cery, CH-1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albert Orero López
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Center for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Bozic
- grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rusterholz
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Center for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mojtaba Bandarabadi
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Center for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Present Address: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kim Q. Do
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Site de Cery, CH-1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Gutierrez Herrera
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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181
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Aviram R, Dandavate V, Manella G, Golik M, Asher G. Ultradian rhythms of AKT phosphorylation and gene expression emerge in the absence of the circadian clock components Per1 and Per2. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001492. [PMID: 34968386 PMCID: PMC8718012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhythmicity of biological processes can be elicited either in response to environmental cycles or driven by endogenous oscillators. In mammals, the circadian clock drives about 24-hour rhythms of multitude metabolic and physiological processes in anticipation to environmental daily oscillations. Also at the intersection of environment and metabolism is the protein kinase—AKT. It conveys extracellular signals, primarily feeding-related signals, to regulate various key cellular functions. Previous studies in mice identified rhythmicity in AKT activation (pAKT) with elevated levels in the fed state. However, it is still unknown whether rhythmic AKT activation can be driven through intrinsic mechanisms. Here, we inspected temporal changes in pAKT levels both in cultured cells and animal models. In cultured cells, pAKT levels showed circadian oscillations similar to those observed in livers of wild-type mice under free-running conditions. Unexpectedly, in livers of Per1,2−/− but not of Bmal1−/− mice we detected ultradian (about 16 hours) oscillations of pAKT levels. Importantly, the liver transcriptome of Per1,2−/− mice also showed ultradian rhythms, corresponding to pAKT rhythmicity and consisting of AKT-related genes and regulators. Overall, our findings reveal ultradian rhythms in liver gene expression and AKT phosphorylation that emerge in the absence of environmental rhythms and Per1,2−/− genes. This study reveals ultradian (16-hour) rhythms in the activation of the protein kinase AKT in the livers of mice, accompanied by corresponding downstream changes in gene expression. Intriguingly, these oscillations emerge in the absence of rhythmic environmental cues and in mice lacking the circadian clock proteins Per1 and Per2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona Aviram
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Vaishnavi Dandavate
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gal Manella
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marina Golik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gad Asher
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail:
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182
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Crislip GR, Johnston JG, Douma LG, Costello HM, Juffre A, Boyd K, Li W, Maugans CC, Gutierrez-Monreal M, Esser KA, Bryant AJ, Liu AC, Gumz ML. Circadian Rhythm Effects on the Molecular Regulation of Physiological Systems. Compr Physiol 2021; 12:2769-2798. [PMID: 34964116 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nearly every system within the body contains an intrinsic cellular circadian clock. The circadian clock contributes to the regulation of a variety of homeostatic processes in mammals through the regulation of gene expression. Circadian disruption of physiological systems is associated with pathophysiological disorders. Here, we review the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to the known circadian rhythms in physiological function. This article focuses on what is known in humans, along with discoveries made with cell and rodent models. In particular, the impact of circadian clock components in metabolic, cardiovascular, endocrine, musculoskeletal, immune, and central nervous systems are discussed. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1-30, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ryan Crislip
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jermaine G Johnston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lauren G Douma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Hannah M Costello
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexandria Juffre
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kyla Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wendy Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Cheoting C Maugans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Miguel Gutierrez-Monreal
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew J Bryant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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183
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Multi-Modal Regulation of Circadian Physiology by Interactive Features of Biological Clocks. BIOLOGY 2021; 11:biology11010021. [PMID: 35053019 PMCID: PMC8772734 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock is a fundamental biological timing mechanism that generates nearly 24 h rhythms of physiology and behaviors, including sleep/wake cycles, hormone secretion, and metabolism. Evolutionarily, the endogenous clock is thought to confer living organisms, including humans, with survival benefits by adapting internal rhythms to the day and night cycles of the local environment. Mirroring the evolutionary fitness bestowed by the circadian clock, daily mismatches between the internal body clock and environmental cycles, such as irregular work (e.g., night shift work) and life schedules (e.g., jet lag, mistimed eating), have been recognized to increase the risk of cardiac, metabolic, and neurological diseases. Moreover, increasing numbers of studies with cellular and animal models have detected the presence of functional circadian oscillators at multiple levels, ranging from individual neurons and fibroblasts to brain and peripheral organs. These oscillators are tightly coupled to timely modulate cellular and bodily responses to physiological and metabolic cues. In this review, we will discuss the roles of central and peripheral clocks in physiology and diseases, highlighting the dynamic regulatory interactions between circadian timing systems and multiple metabolic factors.
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184
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Zlacká J, Zeman M. Glycolysis under Circadian Control. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413666. [PMID: 34948470 PMCID: PMC8703893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is considered a main metabolic pathway in highly proliferative cells, including endothelial, epithelial, immune, and cancer cells. Although oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is more efficient in ATP production per mole of glucose, proliferative cells rely predominantly on aerobic glycolysis, which generates ATP faster compared to OXPHOS and provides anabolic substrates to support cell proliferation and migration. Cellular metabolism, including glucose metabolism, is under strong circadian control. Circadian clocks control a wide array of metabolic processes, including glycolysis, which exhibits a distinct circadian pattern. In this review, we discuss circadian regulations during metabolic reprogramming and key steps of glycolysis in activated, highly proliferative cells. We suggest that the inhibition of metabolic reprogramming in the circadian manner can provide some advantages in the inhibition of oxidative glycolysis and a chronopharmacological approach is a promising way to treat diseases associated with up-regulated glycolysis.
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185
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Escobar-Martínez I, Arreaza-Gil V, Muguerza B, Arola-Arnal A, Bravo FI, Torres-Fuentes C, Suárez M. Administration Time Significantly Affects Plasma Bioavailability of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Extract in Healthy and Obese Fischer 344 Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100552. [PMID: 34851030 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Phenolic compounds are bioactive molecules that are associated with several health benefits. Metabolization and absorption are the main determinants of their bioavailability and bioactivity. Thus, the study of the factors that modulate these processes, such as sex or diet is essential. Recently, it has been shown that biological rhythms may also play a key role. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate if the bioavailability of a grape proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is affected by the administration time in an animal model of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS AND RESULTS Female and male Fischer 344 rats are fed either a standard or a cafeteria diet (CAF) for 9 weeks, and an oral dose of GSPE (25 mg kg-1 ) is daily administered either at 8:00 am (zeitgeber time (ZT)-0) or at 8:00 pm (ZT-12) during the last 4 weeks. Plasma phenolic compounds are then quantified by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Phase-II and gut microbiota-derived phenolic metabolites are affected by ZT in all conditions or only in obese rats, respectively. CAF feeding affected the bioavailability of phenolic acids and free flavan-3-ols. Differences due to sex are also observed. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that ZT, diet, and sex are key factors influencing phenolic compounds bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Escobar-Martínez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Verónica Arreaza-Gil
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Anna Arola-Arnal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Francisca Isabel Bravo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Cristina Torres-Fuentes
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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186
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Li S, Zhang Y, Xue H, Zhang Q, Chen N, Wan J, Sun L, Chen Q, Zong Y, Zhuang F, Gu P, Zhang A, Cui F, Tu Y. Integrative effects based on behavior, physiology and gene expression of tritiated water on zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112770. [PMID: 34536793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tritium is a water-soluble hydrogen isotope that releases beta rays during decay. In nature, tritium primarily exists as tritiated water (HTO), and its main source is nuclear power/processing plants. In recent decades, with the development of nuclear power industry, it is necessary to evaluate the impact of tritium on organisms. In this study, fertilized zebrafish embryos are treated with different HTO concentrations (3.7 × 103 Bq/ml, 3.7 × 104 Bq/ml, 3.7 × 105 Bq/ml). After treatment with HTO, the zebrafish embryos developed without evident morphological changes. Nevertheless, the heart rate increased and locomotor activity decreased significantly. In addition, RNA-sequencing shows that HTO can affect gene expressions. The differentially expressed genes are enriched through many physiological processes and intracellular signaling pathways, including cardiac, cardiovascular, and nervous system development and the metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450. Moreover, the concentrations of thyroid hormones in the zebrafish decrease and the expression of thyroid hormone-related genes is disordered after HTO treatment. Our results suggest that exposure to HTO may affect the physiology and behaviors of zebrafish through physiological processes and intracellular signaling pathways and provide a theoretical basis for ecological risk assessment of tritium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yefeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Huiyuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Qixuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Na Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Liang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Qiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Ying Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Fenghui Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Fengmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Yu Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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187
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Zhou X, Yan Q, Yang H, Ren A, He Z, Tan Z. Maternal intake restriction programs the energy metabolism, clock circadian regulator and mTOR signals in the skeletal muscles of goat offspring probably via the protein kinase A-cAMP-responsive element-binding proteins pathway. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:1303-1314. [PMID: 34786503 PMCID: PMC8567324 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The biological mechanism by which maternal undernutrition increases the metabolic disorder risk of skeletal muscles in offspring is not fully understood. We hypothesize that maternal intake restriction influences metabolic signals in the skeletal muscles of offspring via a glucagon-mediated pathway. Twenty-four pregnant goats were assigned to the control group (100% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) and restricted group (60% of the control feed allowance from pregnant days 45 to 100, n = 12). Blood and L ongissimus thoracis muscle were sampled from dams (100 d of gestation), fetuses (100 d of gestation), and kids (90 d after birth) in each group. The data were analyzed using the linear MIXED model, with the multiple comparison method of SIDAK applied. Intake restriction reduced (P < 0.05) the total blood protein of dams and fetuses. Maternal restriction decreased (P < 0.05) the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (CREB1), CREB-binding protein (CREBBP), protein kinase A (PKA), aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (BMAL1), protein kinase B (AKT1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and regulatory-associated protein of mTOR (RPTOR) mRNA expression in the fetuses, and reduced (P < 0.05) the CREBBP, nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3 (NR1H3), D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor (DBP) and PKA mRNA levels in the kids, but increased (P < 0.05) the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1 A) and tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) mRNA levels in the fetuses. The mRNA expression of clock circadian regulator (CLOCK) and TSC2 genes was increased (P < 0.05) in the restricted kids. The protein expression of total PKA and phosphorylated PKA in the restricted fetuses and kids were downregulated (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of total mTOR and phosphorylated mTOR were reduced (P < 0.05) in the restricted fetuses and kids. Maternal intake restriction regulated fat oxidation, protein synthesis, and circadian clock expression in the muscles of the offspring probably via the glucagon-mediated PKA-CREB pathway, which reveals a noteworthy molecular pathway that maternal undernutrition leads to metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Physiology and Metabolism, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alaer, 843300, China
| | - Qiongxian Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Physiology and Metabolism, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Physiology and Metabolism, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Ao Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Physiology and Metabolism, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Physiology and Metabolism, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Physiology and Metabolism, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
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188
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Wang X, Ji X. Interactions between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep regulation. Front Med 2021; 15:867-876. [PMID: 34811643 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are common in patients with stroke, and sleep quality has a critical role in the onset and outcome of stroke. Poor sleep exacerbates neurological injury, impedes nerve regeneration, and elicits serious complications. Thus, exploring a therapy suitable for patients with stroke and sleep disturbances is imperative. As a multi-targeted nonpharmacological intervention, remote ischemic conditioning can reduce the ischemic size of the brain, improve the functional outcome of stroke, and increase sleep duration. Preclinical/clinical evidence showed that this method can inhibit the inflammatory response, mediate the signal transductions of adenosine, activate the efferents of the vagal nerve, and reset the circadian clocks, all of which are involved in sleep regulation. In particular, cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and adenosine are sleep factors, and electrical vagal nerve stimulation can improve insomnia. On the basis of the common mechanisms of remote ischemic conditioning and sleep regulation, a causal relationship was proposed between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Conditioning Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100069, China.
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189
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NF-κB modifies the mammalian circadian clock through interaction with the core clock protein BMAL1. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009933. [PMID: 34807912 PMCID: PMC8648109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the circadian clock coordinates cell physiological processes including inflammation. Recent studies suggested a crosstalk between these two pathways. However, the mechanism of how inflammation affects the clock is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in regulating clock function. Using a combination of genetic and pharmacological approaches, we show that perturbation of the canonical NF-κB subunit RELA in the human U2OS cellular model altered core clock gene expression. While RELA activation shortened period length and dampened amplitude, its inhibition lengthened period length and caused amplitude phenotypes. NF-κB perturbation also altered circadian rhythms in the master suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) clock and locomotor activity behavior under different light/dark conditions. We show that RELA, like the clock repressor CRY1, repressed the transcriptional activity of BMAL1/CLOCK at the circadian E-box cis-element. Biochemical and biophysical analysis showed that RELA binds to the transactivation domain of BMAL1. These data support a model in which NF-kB competes with CRY1 and coactivator CBP/p300 for BMAL1 binding to affect circadian transcription. This is further supported by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showing that binding of RELA, BMAL1 and CLOCK converges on the E-boxes of clock genes. Taken together, these data support a significant role for NF-κB in directly regulating the circadian clock and highlight mutual regulation between the circadian and inflammatory pathways.
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190
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Li MD. Clock-modulated checkpoints in time-restricted eating. Trends Mol Med 2021; 28:25-35. [PMID: 34801412 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Time-restricted eating (TRE), which limits the daily meal timing to a window of 6-12 h, has been shown to reduce the risks of cardiometabolic diseases through consolidating circadian rhythms of metabolism and physiology. Recent advances indicate that canonical circadian clocks are dispensable for the actions of TRE in the liver, and that meal timing entrains circadian rhythms in peripheral tissues in a tissue-specific manner (e.g., the liver and fat are readily entrainable, whereas the heart and kidneys are resistant). Here, we propose that TRE engages clock-modulated checkpoints (CCPs) to reset circadian rhythms of tissue functions. Elucidation of CCPs would reveal the mechanistic basis of tissue responsiveness to TRE, and facilitate the use of TRE in precision medicine for cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Dian Li
- Department of Cardiology and the Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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191
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Circadian Clocks, Sleep, and Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34773224 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-81147-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
A molecular circadian clock exists not only in the brain, but also in most cells of the body. Research over the past two decades has demonstrated that it directs daily rhythmicity of nearly every aspect of metabolism. It also consolidates sleep-wake behavior each day into an activity/feeding period and a sleep/fasting period. Otherwise, sleep-wake states are mostly controlled by hypothalamic and thalamic regulatory circuits in the brain that direct overall brain state. Recent evidence suggests that hypothalamic control of appetite and metabolism may be concomitant with sleep-wake regulation, and even share the same control centers. Thus, circadian control of metabolic pathways might be overlaid by sleep-wake control of the same pathways, providing a flexible and redundant system to modify metabolism according to both activity and environment.
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192
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Gangitano E, Gnessi L, Lenzi A, Ray D. Chronobiology and Metabolism: Is Ketogenic Diet Able to Influence Circadian Rhythm? Front Neurosci 2021; 15:756970. [PMID: 34819833 PMCID: PMC8606558 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.756970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms underpin most physiological processes, including energy metabolism. The core circadian clock consists of a transcription-translation negative feedback loop, and is synchronized to light-dark cycles by virtue of light input from the retina, to the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus. All cells in the body have circadian oscillators which are entrained to the central clock by neural and humoral signals. In addition to light entrainment of the central clock in the brain, it now emerges that other stimuli can drive circadian clock function in peripheral tissues, the major one being food. This can then drive the liver clock to be misaligned with the central brain clock, a situation of internal misalignment with metabolic disease consequences. Such misalignment is prevalent, with shift workers making up 20% of the working population. The effects of diet composition on the clock are not completely clarified yet. High-fat diet and fasting influence circadian expression of clock genes, inducing phase-advance and phase-delay in animal models. Ketogenic diet (KD) is able to induce a metabolic switch from carbohydrate to fatty acid oxidation, miming a fasting state. In recent years, some animal studies have been conducted to investigate the ability of the KD to modify circadian gene expression, and demonstrated that the KD alters circadian rhythm and induces a rearrangement of metabolic gene expression. These findings may lead to new approaches to obesity and metabolic pathologies treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gangitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - David Ray
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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193
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Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110732. [PMID: 34822390 PMCID: PMC8623475 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal brain function highly relies on the appropriate functioning of astrocytes. These glial cells are strategically situated between blood vessels and neurons, provide significant substrate support to neuronal demand, and are sensitive to neuronal activity and energy-related molecules. Astrocytes respond to many metabolic conditions and regulate a wide array of physiological processes, including cerebral vascular remodeling, glucose sensing, feeding, and circadian rhythms for the control of systemic metabolism and behavior-related responses. This regulation ultimately elicits counterregulatory mechanisms in order to couple whole-body energy availability with brain function. Therefore, understanding the role of astrocyte crosstalk with neighboring cells via the release of molecules, e.g., gliotransmitters, into the parenchyma in response to metabolic and neuronal cues is of fundamental relevance to elucidate the distinct roles of these glial cells in the neuroendocrine control of metabolism. Here, we review the mechanisms underlying astrocyte-released gliotransmitters that have been reported to be crucial for maintaining homeostatic regulation of systemic metabolism.
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194
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Gagliano O, Luni C, Li Y, Angiolillo S, Qin W, Panariello F, Cacchiarelli D, Takahashi JS, Elvassore N. Synchronization between peripheral circadian clock and feeding-fasting cycles in microfluidic device sustains oscillatory pattern of transcriptome. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6185. [PMID: 34702819 PMCID: PMC8548598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian system cyclically regulates many physiological and behavioral processes within the day. Desynchronization between physiological and behavioral rhythms increases the risk of developing some, including metabolic, disorders. Here we investigate how the oscillatory nature of metabolic signals, resembling feeding-fasting cycles, sustains the cell-autonomous clock in peripheral tissues. By controlling the timing, period and frequency of glucose and insulin signals via microfluidics, we find a strong effect on Per2::Luc fibroblasts entrainment. We show that the circadian Per2 expression is better sustained via a 24 h period and 12 h:12 h frequency-encoded metabolic stimulation applied for 3 daily cycles, aligned to the cell-autonomous clock, entraining the expression of hundreds of genes mostly belonging to circadian rhythms and cell cycle pathways. On the contrary misaligned feeding-fasting cycles synchronize and amplify the expression of extracellular matrix-associated genes, aligned during the light phase. This study underlines the role of the synchronicity between life-style-associated metabolic signals and peripheral clocks on the circadian entrainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Silvia Angiolillo
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Panariello
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Joseph S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy.
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, University College London GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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195
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Nowak N, Gaisl T, Miladinovic D, Marcinkevics R, Osswald M, Bauer S, Buhmann J, Zenobi R, Sinues P, Brown SA, Kohler M. Rapid and reversible control of human metabolism by individual sleep states. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109903. [PMID: 34706242 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is crucial to restore body functions and metabolism across nearly all tissues and cells, and sleep restriction is linked to various metabolic dysfunctions in humans. Using exhaled breath analysis by secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry, we measured the human exhaled metabolome at 10-s resolution across a night of sleep in combination with conventional polysomnography. Our subsequent analysis of almost 2,000 metabolite features demonstrates rapid, reversible control of major metabolic pathways by the individual vigilance states. Within this framework, whereas a switch to wake reduces fatty acid oxidation, a switch to slow-wave sleep increases it, and the transition to rapid eye movement sleep results in elevation of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. Thus, in addition to daily regulation of metabolism, there exists a surprising and complex underlying orchestration across sleep and wake. Both likely play an important role in optimizing metabolic circuits for human performance and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Nowak
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Gaisl
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Martin Osswald
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Bauer
- Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Buhmann
- Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Sinues
- University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Steven A Brown
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland.
| | - Malcolm Kohler
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.
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196
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Rykov Y, Thach TQ, Bojic I, Christopoulos G, Car J. Digital Biomarkers for Depression Screening With Wearable Devices: Cross-sectional Study With Machine Learning Modeling. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e24872. [PMID: 34694233 PMCID: PMC8576601 DOI: 10.2196/24872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a prevalent mental disorder that is undiagnosed and untreated in half of all cases. Wearable activity trackers collect fine-grained sensor data characterizing the behavior and physiology of users (ie, digital biomarkers), which could be used for timely, unobtrusive, and scalable depression screening. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the predictive ability of digital biomarkers, based on sensor data from consumer-grade wearables, to detect risk of depression in a working population. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 290 healthy working adults. Participants wore Fitbit Charge 2 devices for 14 consecutive days and completed a health survey, including screening for depressive symptoms using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), at baseline and 2 weeks later. We extracted a range of known and novel digital biomarkers characterizing physical activity, sleep patterns, and circadian rhythms from wearables using steps, heart rate, energy expenditure, and sleep data. Associations between severity of depressive symptoms and digital biomarkers were examined with Spearman correlation and multiple regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders, including sociodemographic characteristics, alcohol consumption, smoking, self-rated health, subjective sleep characteristics, and loneliness. Supervised machine learning with statistically selected digital biomarkers was used to predict risk of depression (ie, symptom severity and screening status). We used varying cutoff scores from an acceptable PHQ-9 score range to define the depression group and different subsamples for classification, while the set of statistically selected digital biomarkers remained the same. For the performance evaluation, we used k-fold cross-validation and obtained accuracy measures from the holdout folds. Results A total of 267 participants were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 33 (SD 8.6, range 21-64) years. Out of 267 participants, there was a mild female bias displayed (n=170, 63.7%). The majority of the participants were Chinese (n=211, 79.0%), single (n=163, 61.0%), and had a university degree (n=238, 89.1%). We found that a greater severity of depressive symptoms was robustly associated with greater variation of nighttime heart rate between 2 AM and 4 AM and between 4 AM and 6 AM; it was also associated with lower regularity of weekday circadian rhythms based on steps and estimated with nonparametric measures of interdaily stability and autocorrelation as well as fewer steps-based daily peaks. Despite several reliable associations, our evidence showed limited ability of digital biomarkers to detect depression in the whole sample of working adults. However, in balanced and contrasted subsamples comprised of depressed and healthy participants with no risk of depression (ie, no or minimal depressive symptoms), the model achieved an accuracy of 80%, a sensitivity of 82%, and a specificity of 78% in detecting subjects at high risk of depression. Conclusions Digital biomarkers that have been discovered and are based on behavioral and physiological data from consumer wearables could detect increased risk of depression and have the potential to assist in depression screening, yet current evidence shows limited predictive ability. Machine learning models combining these digital biomarkers could discriminate between individuals with a high risk of depression and individuals with no risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Rykov
- Neuroglee Therapeutics, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thuan-Quoc Thach
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Iva Bojic
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - George Christopoulos
- Division of Leadership, Management and Organisation, Nanyang Business School, College of Business, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josip Car
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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197
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Gabriel BM, Altıntaş A, Smith JAB, Sardon-Puig L, Zhang X, Basse AL, Laker RC, Gao H, Liu Z, Dollet L, Treebak JT, Zorzano A, Huo Z, Rydén M, Lanner JT, Esser KA, Barrès R, Pillon NJ, Krook A, Zierath JR. Disrupted circadian oscillations in type 2 diabetes are linked to altered rhythmic mitochondrial metabolism in skeletal muscle. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi9654. [PMID: 34669477 PMCID: PMC8528429 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi9654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are generated by an autoregulatory feedback loop of transcriptional activators and repressors. Circadian rhythm disruption contributes to type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis. We elucidated whether altered circadian rhythmicity of clock genes is associated with metabolic dysfunction in T2D. Transcriptional cycling of core-clock genes BMAL1, CLOCK, and PER3 was altered in skeletal muscle from individuals with T2D, and this was coupled with reduced number and amplitude of cycling genes and disturbed circadian oxygen consumption. Inner mitochondria–associated genes were enriched for rhythmic peaks in normal glucose tolerance, but not T2D, and positively correlated with insulin sensitivity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing identified CLOCK and BMAL1 binding to inner-mitochondrial genes associated with insulin sensitivity, implicating regulation by the core clock. Inner-mitochondria disruption altered core-clock gene expression and free-radical production, phenomena that were restored by resveratrol treatment. We identify bidirectional communication between mitochondrial function and rhythmic gene expression, processes that are disturbed in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan M. Gabriel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ali Altıntaş
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathon A. B. Smith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Sardon-Puig
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Astrid L. Basse
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rhianna C. Laker
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (BioNut), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhengye Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucile Dollet
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas T. Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica y Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Unit for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna T. Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karyn A. Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas J. Pillon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Krook
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juleen R. Zierath
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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198
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Prior KF, Middleton B, Owolabi AT, Westwood ML, Holland J, O'Donnell AJ, Blackman MJ, Skene DJ, Reece SE. Synchrony between daily rhythms of malaria parasites and hosts is driven by an essential amino acid. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:186. [PMID: 34805551 PMCID: PMC8577053.2 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16894.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rapid asexual replication of blood stage malaria parasites is responsible for the severity of disease symptoms and fuels the production of transmission forms. Here, we demonstrate that a Plasmodium chabaudi's schedule for asexual replication can be orchestrated by isoleucine, a metabolite provided to the parasite in a periodic manner due to the host's rhythmic intake of food. Methods: We infect female C57BL/6 and Per1/2-null mice which have a disrupted canonical (transcription translation feedback loop, TTFL) clock with 1×10 5 red blood cells containing P. chabaudi (DK genotype). We perturb the timing of rhythms in asexual replication and host feeding-fasting cycles to identify nutrients with rhythms that match all combinations of host and parasite rhythms. We then test whether perturbing the availability of the best candidate nutrient in vitro changes the schedule for asexual development. Results: Our large-scale metabolomics experiment and follow up experiments reveal that only one metabolite - the amino acid isoleucine - fits criteria for a time-of-day cue used by parasites to set the schedule for replication. The response to isoleucine is a parasite strategy rather than solely the consequences of a constraint imposed by host rhythms, because unlike when parasites are deprived of other essential nutrients, they suffer no apparent costs from isoleucine withdrawal. Conclusions: Overall, our data suggest parasites can use the daily rhythmicity of blood-isoleucine concentration to synchronise asexual development with the availability of isoleucine, and potentially other resources, that arrive in the blood in a periodic manner due to the host's daily feeding-fasting cycle. Identifying both how and why parasites keep time opens avenues for interventions; interfering with the parasite's time-keeping mechanism may stall replication, increasing the efficacy of drugs and immune responses, and could also prevent parasites from entering dormancy to tolerate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley F. Prior
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,
| | - Benita Middleton
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Alíz T.Y. Owolabi
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mary L. Westwood
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jacob Holland
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aidan J. O'Donnell
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael J. Blackman
- Malaria Biochemistry Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK,Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Debra J. Skene
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Sarah E. Reece
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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199
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Prior KF, Middleton B, Owolabi AT, Westwood ML, Holland J, O'Donnell AJ, Blackman MJ, Skene DJ, Reece SE. Synchrony between daily rhythms of malaria parasites and hosts is driven by an essential amino acid. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:186. [PMID: 34805551 PMCID: PMC8577053 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16894.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rapid asexual replication of blood stage malaria parasites is responsible for the severity of disease symptoms and fuels the production of transmission forms. Here, we demonstrate that the Plasmodium chabaudi's schedule for asexual replication can be orchestrated by isoleucine, a metabolite provided to the parasite in periodic manner due to the host's rhythmic intake of food. Methods: We infect female C57BL/6 and Per1/2-null TTFL clock-disrupted mice with 1×10 5 red blood cells containing P. chabaudi (DK genotype). We perturb the timing of rhythms in asexual replication and host feeding-fasting cycles to identify nutrients with rhythms that match all combinations of host and parasite rhythms. We then test whether perturbing the availability of the best candidate nutrient in vitro elicits changes their schedule for asexual development. Results: Our large-scale metabolomics experiment and follow up experiments reveal that only one metabolite - the amino acid isoleucine - fits criteria for a time-of-day cue used by parasites to set the schedule for replication. The response to isoleucine is a parasite strategy rather than solely the consequences of a constraint imposed by host rhythms, because unlike when parasites are deprived of other essential nutrients, they suffer no apparent costs from isoleucine withdrawal. Conclusions: Overall, our data suggest parasites can use the daily rhythmicity of blood-isoleucine concentration to synchronise asexual development with the availability of isoleucine, and potentially other resources, that arrive in the blood in a periodic manner due to the host's daily feeding-fasting cycle. Identifying both how and why parasites keep time opens avenues for interventions; interfering with the parasite's time-keeping mechanism may stall replication, increasing the efficacy of drugs and immune responses, and could also prevent parasites from entering dormancy to tolerate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley F. Prior
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,
| | - Benita Middleton
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Alíz T.Y. Owolabi
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mary L. Westwood
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jacob Holland
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aidan J. O'Donnell
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael J. Blackman
- Malaria Biochemistry Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK,Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Debra J. Skene
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Sarah E. Reece
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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200
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Manella G, Aizik D, Aviram R, Golik M, Asher G. Circa-SCOPE: high-throughput live single-cell imaging method for analysis of circadian clock resetting. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5903. [PMID: 34625543 PMCID: PMC8501123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks are self-sustained and cell-autonomous oscillators. They respond to various extracellular cues depending on the time-of-day and the signal intensity. Phase Transition Curves (PTCs) are instrumental in uncovering the full repertoire of responses to a given signal. However, the current methodologies for reconstructing PTCs are low-throughput, laborious, and resource- and time-consuming. We report here the development of an efficient and high throughput assay, dubbed Circadian Single-Cell Oscillators PTC Extraction (Circa-SCOPE) for generating high-resolution PTCs. This methodology relies on continuous monitoring of single-cell oscillations to reconstruct a full PTC from a single culture, upon a one-time intervention. Using Circa-SCOPE, we characterize the effects of various pharmacological and blood-borne resetting cues, at high temporal resolution and a wide concentration range. Thus, Circa-SCOPE is a powerful tool for comprehensive analysis and screening for circadian clocks' resetting cues, and can be valuable for basic as well as translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Manella
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dan Aizik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rona Aviram
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marina Golik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gad Asher
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.
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