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Zhu L, Jin X, Xie Q, Yao Q, Wang X, Li H. Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Family Genes Involved in Ethylene-Induced Natural Rubber Production in Different Hevea brasiliensis Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19040947. [PMID: 29565813 PMCID: PMC5979512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural rubber latex production can be improved by ethylene stimulation in the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). However, the expression levels of most functional proteins for natural rubber biosynthesis are not induced after ethylene application, indicating that post-translational modifications, especially protein phosphorylation, may play important roles in ethylene signaling in Hevea. Here, we performed a comprehensive investigation on evolution, ethylene-induced expression and protein-protein interaction of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs), an important serine/threonine protein kinase family, in Hevea. Nine duplication events were determined in the 30 identified HbCPK genes. Expression profiling of HbCPKs in three rubber tree cultivars with low, medium and high ethylene sensitivity showed that HbCPK6, 17, 20, 22, 24, 28 and 30 are induced by ethylene in at least one cultivar. Evolution rate analysis suggested accelerated evolution rates in two paralogue pairs, HbCPK9/18 and HbCPK19/20. Analysis of proteomic data for rubber latex after ethylene treatment showed that seven HbCPK proteins could be detected, including six ethylene-induced ones. Protein-protein interaction analysis of the 493 different abundant proteins revealed that protein kinases, especially calcium-dependent protein kinases, possess most key nodes of the interaction network, indicating that protein kinase and protein phosphorylation play important roles in ethylene signaling in latex of Hevea. In summary, our data revealed the expression patterns of HbCPK family members and functional divergence of two HbCPK paralogue pairs, as well as the potential important roles of HbCPKs in ethylene-induced rubber production improvement in Hevea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xiang Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Quanliang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Qi Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Xuchu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Hongbin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
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152
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Functional characterization of calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) 2 gene from oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in regulating reactive oxygen species signaling and cell death control. Gene 2018; 651:49-56. [PMID: 29408396 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs), being Ser/Thr protein kinases found only in plants and some protozoans are calcium sensors that regulate diverse biological processes. However, the function and mode of CPKs in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) remain elusive. In this study, we identified CPK2 from oilseed rape as a novel regulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death. BnaCPK2 was identified to be located at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Expression of BnaCPK2 was induced during Bax-induced cell death. Overexpression of the constitutively active form of BnaCPK2 led to significantly more accumulation of ROS and cell death than the full-length CPK2, which is supported by various measurements of physiological data. In addition, a quantitative RT-PCR survey revealed that the expression levels of a few marker genes are significantly changed as a result of CPK2 expression. Mating-based split ubiquitin system (mbSUS) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) were used to screen and confirm the BnaCPK2 interacting proteins. We identified and confirmed that CPK2 interacted with NADPH oxidase-like respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RbohD), but not with RbohF. Based on its function and interacting partners, we propose that BnaCPK2 plays an important role in ROS and cell death control through interacting with RbohD.
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153
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Wang J, Wang S, Hu K, Yang J, Xin X, Zhou W, Fan J, Cui F, Mou B, Zhang S, Wang G, Sun W. The Kinase OsCPK4 Regulates a Buffering Mechanism That Fine-Tunes Innate Immunity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:1835-1849. [PMID: 29242377 PMCID: PMC5813524 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The calcium-dependent protein kinase OsCPK4 has been demonstrated to play important roles in salt and drought tolerance, plant growth, and development in rice (Oryza sativa). However, little is known about molecular mechanisms underlying OsCPK4 function in rice immunity. In this study, we demonstrated that the generation of oxidative burst and pathogenesis-related gene expression triggered by microbe-associated molecular patterns were significantly enhanced in the oscpk4 mutants. These mutant lines are more resistant to bacterial blight and fungal blast diseases than the wild-type plants, indicating that OsCPK4 negatively regulates innate immunity in rice. OsCPK4 was further identified to interact with a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase OsRLCK176. OsRLCK176 accumulation is negatively regulated by OsCPK4. Interestingly, the kinase-dead OsCPK4 promotes OsRLCK176 degradation more strongly than the wild-type protein. OsCPK4 and OsRLCK176 mutually phosphorylate each other and form a feedback loop. Moreover, the kinase activity and phosphorylation of OsCPK4 and OsRLCK176 contribute to the stability of OsRLCK176. These findings indicate that the kinase-inactive OsCPK4 promotes OsRLCK176 degradation and restricts plant defenses, whereas the activation of OsCPK4-OsRLCK176 phosphorylation circuit invalidates the OsRLCK176 degradation machinery, thus enhancing plant immunity. Collectively, the study proposes a novel defense buffering mechanism mediated by OsCPK4, which fine-tunes microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shanzhi Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ke Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenqing Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiangbo Fan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Fuhao Cui
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Baohui Mou
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Wenxian Sun
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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154
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Liu Y, Xu C, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Chen T, Zhou F, Chen H, Lin Y. The calcium-dependent kinase OsCPK24 functions in cold stress responses in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 60:173-188. [PMID: 29193704 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are serine/threonine protein kinases that function in plant stress responses. Although CPKs are recognized as key messengers in signal transduction, the specific roles of CPKs and the molecular mechanisms underlying their activity remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized the function of OsCPK24, a cytosol-localized calcium-dependent protein kinase in rice. OsCPK24 was universally and highly expressed in rice plants and was induced by cold treatment. Whereas OsCPK24 knockdown plants exhibited increased sensitivity to cold compared to wild type (WT), OsCPK24-overexpressing plants exhibited increased cold tolerance. Plants overexpressing OsCPK24 exhibited increased accumulation of proline (an osmoprotectant) and glutathione (an antioxidant) and maintained a higher GSH/GSSG (reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione) ratio during cold stress compared to WT. In addition to these effects in response to cold stress, we observed the kinase activity of OsCPK24 varied under different calcium concentrations. Further, OsCPK24 phosphorylated OsGrx10, a glutathione-dependent thioltransferase, at rates modulated by changes in calcium concentration. Together, our results support the hypothesis that OsCPK24 functions as a positive regulator of cold stress tolerance in rice, a process mediated by calcium signaling and involving phosphorylation and the inhibition of OsGrx10 to sustain higher glutathione levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunjue Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yanfen Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Taiyu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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155
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Gao W, Xu FC, Guo DD, Zhao JR, Liu J, Guo YW, Singh PK, Ma XN, Long L, Botella JR, Song CP. Calcium-dependent protein kinases in cotton: insights into early plant responses to salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:15. [PMID: 29343239 PMCID: PMC5772696 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil salinization is one of the major environmental constraints to plant growth and agricultural production worldwide. Signaling components involving calcium (Ca2+) and the downstream calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) play key roles in the perception and transduction of stress signals. However, the study of CPKs in cotton and their functions in response to salt stress remain unexplored. RESULTS A total of 98 predicted CPKs were identified from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. 'TM-1'), and phylogenetic analyses classified them into four groups. Gene family distribution studies have revealed the substantial impacts of the genome duplication events to the total number of GhCPKs. Transcriptome analyses showed a wide distribution of CPKs' expression among different organs. A total of 19 CPKs were selected for their rapid responses to salt stress at the transcriptional level, most of which were also incduced by the thylene-releasing chemical ethephon, suggesting a partal overlap of the salinity and ethylene responses. Silencing of 4 of the 19 CPKs (GhCPK8, GhCPK38, GhCPK54, and GhCPK55) severely compromised the basal cotton resistance to salt stress. CONCLUSIONS Our genome-wide expression analysis of CPK genes from up-land cotton suggests that CPKs are involved in multiple developmental responses as well as the response to different abiotic stresses. A cluster of the cotton CPKs was shown to participate in the early signaling events in cotton responses to salt stress. Our results provide significant insights on functional analysis of CPKs in cotton, especially in the context of cotton adaptions to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Chun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ruo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang, 455000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jose Ramon Botella
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004 People’s Republic of China
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156
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Mittal S, Mallikarjuna MG, Rao AR, Jain PA, Dash PK, Thirunavukkarasu N. Comparative Analysis of CDPK Family in Maize, Arabidopsis, Rice, and Sorghum Revealed Potential Targets for Drought Tolerance Improvement. Front Chem 2017; 5:115. [PMID: 29312925 PMCID: PMC5742180 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play significant role in regulation of plant growth and development in response to various stresses including drought. A set of 32 CDPK genes identified in maize were further used for searching of orthologs in the model plant Arabidopsis (72) and major food crops such as rice (78) and sorghum (91). We comprehensively studied the phylogenetic relationship, annotations, gene duplications, gene structure, divergence time, 3-D protein structures and tissue-specific drought induced expression of CDPK genes in all four species. Variation in intron frequency in the studied species was one of the reasons for the functional diversity of CDPK genes to various stress responses. Protein kinase and protein kinase C phosphorylation site domains were the most conserved motifs identified in all species. Four groups were identified from the sequence-based phylogenetic analysis, in which maize CDPKs were clustered in group III. Expression data showed that the CDPK genes were highly expressed in leaf of maize, rice, and sorghum whereas in Arabidopsis the maximum expression was observed in root. The expression assay showed 5, 6, 11, and 9 were the commonly and differentially expressed drought-related orthologous genes in maize, Arabidopsis, rice, and sorghum, respectively. 3-D protein structure were predicted for the nine genes (Arabidopsis: 2, maize: 2, rice: 3, and sorghum: 2) showing differential expression in at least three species. The predicted 3-D structures were further evaluated and validated by Ramachandran plot, ANOLEA, ProSA, and Verify-3D. The superimposed 3-D structure of drought-related orthologous proteins retained similar folding pattern owing to their conserved nature. Functional annotation revealed the involvement of CDPK genes in various pathways such as osmotic homeostasis, cell protection, and root growth. The interactions of CDPK genes in various pathways play crucial role in imparting drought tolerance through different ABA and MAPK signaling cascades. These selected candidate genes could be targeted in development of drought tolerant genotypes in maize, rice, and sorghum through appropriate breeding approaches. Our comparative experiments of CDPK genes could also be extended in the drought stress breeding programmes of the related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Mittal
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Atmakuri R. Rao
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant A. Jain
- Department of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Prasanta K. Dash
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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157
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Pareek A, Khurana A, Sharma AK, Kumar R. An Overview of Signaling Regulons During Cold Stress Tolerance in Plants. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:498-511. [PMID: 29204079 PMCID: PMC5684653 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170228141345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants, being sessile organisms, constantly withstand environmental fluctuations, including low-temperature, also referred as cold stress. Whereas cold poses serious challenges at both physiological and developmental levels to plants growing in tropical or sub-tropical regions, plants from temperate climatic regions can withstand chilling or freezing temperatures. Several cold inducible genes have already been isolated and used in transgenic approach to generate cold tolerant plants. The conventional breeding methods and marker assisted selection have helped in developing plant with improved cold tolerance, however, the development of freezing tolerant plants through cold acclimation remains an unaccomplished task. Therefore, it is essential to have a clear understanding of how low temperature sensing strategies and corresponding signal transduction act during cold acclimation process. Herein, we synthesize the available information on the molecular mechanisms underlying cold sensing and signaling with an aim that the summarized literature will help develop efficient strategies to obtain cold tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Pareek
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Ashima Khurana
- Ashima Khurana, Botany Department, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110002, India
| | - Arun K. Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad500046, India
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158
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Chen Y, Zhou X, Chang S, Chu Z, Wang H, Han S, Wang Y. Calcium-dependent protein kinase 21 phosphorylates 14-3-3 proteins in response to ABA signaling and salt stress in rice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:1450-1456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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159
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Xu W, Huang W. Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases in Phytohormone Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112436. [PMID: 29156607 PMCID: PMC5713403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs/CDPKs) are Ca2+-sensors that decode Ca2+ signals into specific physiological responses. Research has reported that CDPKs constitute a large multigene family in various plant species, and play diverse roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Although numerous CDPKs have been exhaustively studied, and many of them have been found to be involved in plant hormone biosynthesis and response mechanisms, a comprehensive overview of the manner in which CDPKs participate in phytohormone signaling pathways, regulating nearly all aspects of plant growth, has not yet been undertaken. In this article, we reviewed the structure of CDPKs and the mechanism of their subcellular localization. Some CDPKs were elucidated to influence the intracellular localization of their substrates. Since little work has been done on the interaction between CDPKs and cytokinin signaling pathways, or on newly defined phytohormones such as brassinosteroids, strigolactones and salicylic acid, this paper mainly focused on discussing the integral associations between CDPKs and five plant hormones: auxins, gibberellins, ethylene, jasmonates, and abscisic acid. A perspective on future work is provided at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, the Ministry of Agriculture, The Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration & Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Wenchao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, the Ministry of Agriculture, The Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration & Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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160
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Wang Q, Yin X, Chen Q, Xiang N, Sun X, Yang Y, Yang Y. Genome-wide survey indicates diverse physiological roles of the turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa) calcium-dependent protein kinase genes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15803. [PMID: 29150669 PMCID: PMC5693941 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) as crucial sensors of calcium concentration changes play important roles in responding to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, 55 BrrCDPK genes, which were phylogenetically clustered into four subfamilies, were identified. Chromosome locations indicated that the CDPK family in turnip expanded by segmental duplication and genome rearrangement. Moreover, gene expression profiles showed that different BrrCDPKs were expressed in specific tissues or stages. Transcript levels of BrrCDPKs indicated that they were involved in abiotic and biotic stresses and that paralogs exhibited functional divergence. Additionally, we identified 15 Rboh genes in turnip; the results of yeast two-hybrid analysis suggested that BrrRbohD1 interacted only with BrrCDPK10 and that BrrRbohD2 interacted with BrrCDPK4/7/9/10/17/22/23. Most of the genes play an important role in pst DC3000 defense by regulating the accumulation of H2O2 and stomatal closure. Our study may provide an important foundation for future functional analysis of BrrCDPKs and reveal further biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xudong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yunqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China.
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Yongping Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China.
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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161
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Jha SK, Malik S, Sharma M, Pandey A, Pandey GK. Recent Advances in Substrate Identification of Protein Kinases in Plants and Their Role in Stress Management. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:523-541. [PMID: 29204081 PMCID: PMC5684648 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170228142703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation-dephosphorylation is a well-known regulatory mechanism in biological systems and has become one of the significant means of protein function regulation, modulating most of the biological processes. Protein kinases play vital role in numerous cellular processes. Kinases transduce external signal into responses such as growth, immunity and stress tolerance through phosphorylation of their target proteins. In order to understand these cellular processes at the molecular level, one needs to be aware of the different substrates targeted by protein kinases. Advancement in tools and techniques has bestowed practice of multiple approaches that enable target identification of kinases. However, so far none of the methodologies has been proved to be as good as a panacea for the substrate identification. In this review, the recent advances that have been made in the identifications of putative substrates and the implications of these kinases and their substrates in stress management are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj K Jha
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Shikha Malik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Manisha Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
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162
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Caló G, Scheidegger D, Martínez-Noël GMA, Salerno GL. Ancient signal for nitrogen status sensing in the green lineage: Functional evidence of CDPK repertoire in Ostreococcus tauri. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:377-384. [PMID: 28710945 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) regulate plant development and many stress signalling pathways through the complex cytosolic [Ca2+] signalling. The genome of Ostreococcus tauri (Ot), a model prasinophyte organism that is on the base of the green lineage, harbours three sequences homologous to those encoding plant CDPKs with the three characteristic conserved domains (protein kinase, autoregulatory/autoinhibitory, and regulatory domain). Phylogenetic and structural analyses revealed that putative OtCDPK proteins are closely related to CDPKs from other Chlorophytes. We functionally characterised the first marine picophytoeukaryote CDPK gene (OtCDPK1) and showed that the expression of the three OtCDPK genes is up-regulated by nitrogen depletion. We conclude that CDPK signalling pathway might have originated early in the green lineage and may play a key role in prasinophytes by sensing macronutrient changes in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Caló
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET) and Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, FIBA, 7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Dana Scheidegger
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET) and Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, FIBA, 7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Giselle M A Martínez-Noël
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET) and Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, FIBA, 7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Graciela L Salerno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET) and Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, FIBA, 7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
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163
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Pawełek A, Duszyn M, Świeżawska B, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K. Transcriptional response of a novel HpCDPK1 kinase gene from Hippeastrum x hybr. to wounding and fungal infection. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 216:108-117. [PMID: 28609667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPK) are well established plant sensor and effectors for calcium ions and participate in regulation of multiple abiotic and biotic stress responses in plant cells. Here we present the identification and characterization of a new CDPK kinase gene from bulbous plant Hippeastrum x hybr. and examine the role of this kinase in stress responses leading to phytoalexin (PA) production in plant tissues. In the previous research, it was shown that Hippeastrum bulbs mechanically wounded or infected with Peyronellaea curtisii (=Phoma narcissi) are inducted to an antifungal red substance synthesis. In this research, we demonstrated Ca2+ dependence of the phytoalexin production by wounded bulbs. Furthermore, the isolated HpCDPK1 cDNA for ORF was found to be 1596bp long and encoded 531 amino acid protein with CDPK kinase activity, as was shown by recombinant GST-HpCDPK1 enzyme production and analysis. HpCDPK1 transcript was present in all vegetative and chosen generative organs of Hippeastrum plant. The dynamics of the observed HpCDPK1 mRNA changes in bulbs depended on stressor type. The mechanical injury caused one wave of transcript increase while more complex transcript changes were observed within 48h after Peyronellaea inoculation. In plant bulbs already accumulating red phytoalexin, increases in HpCDPK1 mRNA level were observed at certain intervals within 48h whereas, in the case of fungal infection, only one big increment in the transcript amount at the 10th minute after inoculation was detected. The observed transcriptional response of HpCDPK1 gene to wounding and pathogen infection stress suggests a positive correlation with phytoalexin synthesis and maintenance in bulb tissues and puts more light on CDPK kinase role in the plant stress response regulation. This also bears some potential for understanding the mechanism of a phytoalexin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pawełek
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Maria Duszyn
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Brygida Świeżawska
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolas Copernicus University, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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164
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Novozhylov DO, Karpov PA, Blume YB. Bioinformatic search for Ca2+- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases potentially associated with the regulation of plant cytoskeleton. CYTOL GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452717040053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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165
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Wang P, Yang Q, Sang S, Chen Y, Zhong Y, Wei Z. Arabidopsis inositol polyphosphate kinase AtIpk2β is phosphorylated by CPK4 and positively modulates ABA signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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166
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Ito T, Ishida S, Oe S, Fukazawa J, Takahashi Y. Autophosphorylation Affects Substrate-Binding Affinity of Tobacco Ca 2+-Dependent Protein Kinase1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:2457-2468. [PMID: 28637832 PMCID: PMC5543960 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases regulate diverse physiological processes. Because many kinases preserve inherent autophosphorylation capability, autophosphorylation appears to be one of the most important mechanisms for cellular signaling. However, physiological functions of autophosphorylation are still largely unknown, other than the self-activation by phosphorylation of activation loop in the catalytic domain. REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH (RSG) is the transcription factor involved in gibberellin (GA) feedback regulation. The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Ca2+-dependent protein kinase, NtCDPK1, phosphorylates RSG, resulting in the negative regulation of RSG. NtCDPK1 was previously shown to be autophosphorylated in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Here, we investigated the functional importance of autophosphorylation in NtCDPK1. Ser-6 and Thr-21 were identified as autophosphorylation sites of NtCDPK1. Autophosphorylation not only reduced the binding affinity of NtCDPK1 for RSG, but also inhibited the homodimerization of NtCDPK1. Furthermore, autophosphorylation decreased the phosphorylation efficiency of RSG yet increased that of myelin basic protein. Ser-6 and Thr-21 of NtCDPK1 were phosphorylated in response to GAs in plants. The substitution of these autophosphorylation sites with Ala enhanced the NtCDPK1 overexpression-induced sensitization of seeds to a GA biosynthetic inhibitor during germination. These results suggest new functions of autophosphorylation in CDPKs, namely, autophosphorylation can prevent the excessive phosphorylation of substrates and alter the substrate preference of CDPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ito
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Sarahmi Ishida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shota Oe
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Jutarou Fukazawa
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Takahashi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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167
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Yang Y, Wang Q, Chen Q, Yin X, Qian M, Sun X, Yang Y. Genome-wide survey indicates diverse physiological roles of the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) calcium-dependent protein kinase genes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5306. [PMID: 28706292 PMCID: PMC5509701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are crucial calcium sensors that play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and developmental processes, as well as protective responses to environmental stress. Here, we identified 28 CDPK genes from barley and cloned 5 new, full-length CDPK genes, MLOC_58648a, MLOC_19618a, MLOC_71733a, AK249361a and MLOC_4965a, using their expressed sequence tags. Phylogenetic and gene structural analyses revealed that the CDPK could be divided into four subgroups. Significant site-specific altered constraints and a high evolutionary rate may have contributed to the functional divergences among CDPK gene subfamilies. Expression profiles of different tissues and developmental stages suggested that several CDPK genes are involved in the functional development of plants. Different expression levels under a variety of abiotic stresses also indicated that the CDPK family underwent functional divergence during long-term evolution. Furthermore, several CDPK genes responded to single treatments and individual CDPK genes responded to multiple treatments, suggesting that barley CDPKs may be involved in mediating cross-talk among different signalling pathways. Our data provide an important foundation for the functional and evolutionary analyses of this important gene family in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Qian
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xudong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China.
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Yongping Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China.
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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168
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Fantino E, Segretin ME, Santin F, Mirkin FG, Ulloa RM. Analysis of the potato calcium-dependent protein kinase family and characterization of StCDPK7, a member induced upon infection with Phytophthora infestans. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:1137-1157. [PMID: 28451820 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe the potato CDPK family and place StCDPK7 as a player in potato response to Phytophthora infestans infection, identifying phenylalanine ammonia lyase as its specific phosphorylation target in vitro. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) decode calcium (Ca2+) signals and activate different signaling pathways involved in hormone signaling, plant growth, development, and both abiotic and biotic stress responses. In this study, we describe the potato CDPK/CRK multigene family; bioinformatic analysis allowed us to identify 20 new CDPK isoforms, three CDPK-related kinases (CRKs), and a CDPK-like kinase. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that 26 StCDPKs can be classified into four groups, whose members are predicted to undergo different acylation patterns and exhibited diverse expression levels in different tissues and in response to various stimuli. With the aim of characterizing those members that are particularly involved in plant-pathogen interaction, we focused on StCDPK7. Tissue expression profile revealed that StCDPK7 transcript levels are high in swollen stolons, roots, and mini tubers. Moreover, its expression is induced upon Phytophthora infestans infection in systemic leaves. Transient expression assays showed that StCDPK7 displays a cytosolic/nuclear localization in spite of having a predicted chloroplast transit peptide. The recombinant protein, StCDPK7:6xHis, is an active Ca2+-dependent protein kinase that can phosphorylate phenylalanine ammonia lyase, an enzyme involved in plant defense response. The analysis of the potato CDPK family provides the first step towards the identification of CDPK isoforms involved in biotic stress. StCDPK7 emerges as a relevant player that could be manipulated to deploy disease resistance in potato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fantino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Segretin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Santin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Gabriel Mirkin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rita M Ulloa
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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169
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Huang W, Ren C, Li H, Huo D, Wang Y, Jiang X, Tian Y, Luo P, Chen T, Hu C. Transcriptomic analyses on muscle tissues of Litopenaeus vannamei provide the first profile insight into the response to low temperature stress. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178604. [PMID: 28575089 PMCID: PMC5456072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is an important cultured crustacean species worldwide. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of this species involved in the response to cold stress. In this study, four separate RNA-Seq libraries of L. vannamei were generated from 13°C stress and control temperature. Total 29,662 of Unigenes and overall of 19,619 annotated genes were obtained. Three comparisons were carried out among the four libraries, in which 72 of the top 20% of differentially-expressed genes were obtained, 15 GO and 5 KEGG temperature-sensitive pathways were fished out. Catalytic activity (GO: 0003824) and Metabolic pathways (ko01100) were the most annotated GO and KEGG pathways in response to cold stress, respectively. In addition, Calcium, MAPK cascade, Transcription factor and Serine/threonine-protein kinase signal pathway were picked out and clustered. Serine/threonine-protein kinase signal pathway might play more important roles in cold adaptation, while other three signal pathway were not widely transcribed. Our results had summarized the differentially-expressed genes and suggested the major important signaling pathways and related genes. These findings provide the first profile insight into the molecular basis of L. vannamei response to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhua Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yushun Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (CH); (TC)
| | - Chaoqun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (CH); (TC)
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170
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Jung HJ, Kayum MA, Thamilarasan SK, Nath UK, Park JI, Chung MY, Hur Y, Nou IS. Molecular characterisation and expression profiling of calcineurin B-like (CBL) genes in Chinese cabbage under abiotic stresses. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2017; 44:739-750. [PMID: 32480603 DOI: 10.1071/fp16437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signals act as a second messenger in plant responses to various abiotic stresses, which regulate a range of physiological processes. Calcium-binding proteins, like calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins, belong to a unique group of calcium sensors that play a role in calcium signalling. However, their identities and functions are unknown in Chinese cabbage. In this study, 17 CBL genes were identified from the Brassica rapa L. (Chinese cabbage) database and Br135K microarray datasets. They were used to construct a phylogenetic tree with known CBL proteins of other species. Analysis of genomic distribution and evolution revealed different gene duplication in Chinese cabbage compared to Arabidopsis. The microarray expression analysis showed differential expression of BrCBL genes at various temperatures. Organ-specific expression was observed by RT-PCR, and qRT-PCR analyses revealed responsiveness of BrCBL genes to cold, drought and salt stresses. Our findings confirm that CBL genes are involved in calcium signalling and regulate responses to environmental stimuli, suggesting this family gene have crucial role to play in plant responses to abiotic stresses. The results facilitate selection of candidate genes for further functional characterisation. In addition, abiotic stress-responsive genes reported in this study might be exploited for marker-aided backcrossing of Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jeong Jung
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
| | - Md Abdul Kayum
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
| | - Senthil Kumar Thamilarasan
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
| | - Ujjal Kumar Nath
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
| | - Jong-In Park
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
| | - Mi-Young Chung
- Department of Agricultural Education, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
| | - Yoonkang Hur
- Department of Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ill-Sup Nou
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, South Korea
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171
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Discovery of nitrate-CPK-NLP signalling in central nutrient-growth networks. Nature 2017; 545:311-316. [PMID: 28489820 DOI: 10.1038/nature22077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nutrient signalling integrates and coordinates gene expression, metabolism and growth. However, its primary molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood in plants and animals. Here we report unique Ca2+ signalling triggered by nitrate with live imaging of an ultrasensitive biosensor in Arabidopsis leaves and roots. A nitrate-sensitized and targeted functional genomic screen identifies subgroup III Ca2+-sensor protein kinases (CPKs) as master regulators that orchestrate primary nitrate responses. A chemical switch with the engineered mutant CPK10(M141G) circumvents embryo lethality and enables conditional analyses of cpk10 cpk30 cpk32 triple mutants to define comprehensive nitrate-associated regulatory and developmental programs. Nitrate-coupled CPK signalling phosphorylates conserved NIN-LIKE PROTEIN (NLP) transcription factors to specify the reprogramming of gene sets for downstream transcription factors, transporters, nitrogen assimilation, carbon/nitrogen metabolism, redox, signalling, hormones and proliferation. Conditional cpk10 cpk30 cpk32 and nlp7 mutants similarly impair nitrate-stimulated system-wide shoot growth and root establishment. The nutrient-coupled Ca2+ signalling network integrates transcriptome and cellular metabolism with shoot-root coordination and developmental plasticity in shaping organ biomass and architecture.
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172
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Zhang H, Wei C, Yang X, Chen H, Yang Y, Mo Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Ma J, Yang J, Zhang X. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calcium‑dependent protein kinase and its related kinase gene families in melon (Cucumis melo L.). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176352. [PMID: 28437432 PMCID: PMC5402965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) is a ser/thr protein kinase that plays vital roles in plant growth, development, and responses to multiple stresses. Despite an important member of the stress responsive gene family, little is known about the evolutionary history and expression patterns of CDPK genes in melon. Herein, a total of 18 CDPK genes and 7 CDPK-related protein kinases (CRK) genes were identified in the melon genome via bioinformatic analysis, which were unevenly distributed across eleven chromosomes with an apparent exception for chromosome 3. Comparative syntenic analysis between Cucumis melo L. and Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that 13 CmCDPKs and 19 AtCPKs existed in 20 corresponding syntenic blocks. In addition, based on gene structure and phylogenetic analyses, all CmCDPKs were divided into four groups (CDPK I-IV) and CmCRKs clustered into one group (CRK I). Interestingly, group CDPK IV was clearly distinct from the other three CDPK groups, but clustered with CRK I on the phylogenetic tree, implying their origination from a common ancestor. Furthermore, CmCDPKand CmCRK genes were differentially expressed in response to various stimuli, such as biotic stress (Podosphaera xanthii), abiotic stress (salt and cold), and hormone (abscisic acid) treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first report on CDPK and CRK gene families in melon, which provides a basic foundation for functional characterizations of CmCDPK and CmCRK genes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunhua Wei
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaozhen Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hejie Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yongchao Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan, China
| | - Yanling Mo
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianxiang Ma
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianqiang Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- * E-mail:
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173
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Jin Y, Ye N, Zhu F, Li H, Wang J, Jiang L, Zhang J. Calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28 targets the methionine adenosyltransferases for degradation by the 26S proteasome and affects ethylene biosynthesis and lignin deposition in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 90:304-318. [PMID: 28112445 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) is synthesized by methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), and plays an essential role in ethylene biosynthesis and other methylation reactions. Despite increasing knowledge of MAT regulation at transcriptional levels, how MAT is post-translationally regulated remains unknown in plant cells. Phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification for regulating the activity of enzymes, protein function and signaling transduction. Using molecular and biochemical approaches, we have identified the phosphorylation of MAT proteins by calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK28). Phenotypically, both MAT2-overexpressing transgenic plants and cpk28 mutants display short hypocotyls and ectopic lignifications. Their shortened hypocotyl phenotypes are caused by ethylene overproduction and rescued by ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine treatment. Genetic evidence reveals that MAT2 mutation restores the phenotype of ectopic lignification in CPK28-deficient plants. We find that total MAT proteins and AdoMet are increased in cpk28 mutants, but decreased in CPK28-overexpressing seedlings. We also find that MATs in OE::CPK28 are degraded through the 26S proteasome pathway. Our work suggests that CPK28 targets MATs (MAT1, MAT2 and MAT3) for degradation by the 26S proteasome pathway, and thus affects ethylene biosynthesis and lignin deposition in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nenghui Ye
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuyuan Zhu
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoxuan Li
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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174
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Liu N, Hake K, Wang W, Zhao T, Romeis T, Tang D. CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE5 Associates with the Truncated NLR Protein TIR-NBS2 to Contribute to exo70B1-Mediated Immunity. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:746-759. [PMID: 28351987 PMCID: PMC5435426 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) function as calcium sensors and play important roles in plant immunity. Loss of function of the exocyst complex subunit EXO70B1 leads to autoimmunity caused by activation of TN2, a truncated Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-nucleotide binding sequence protein. Here we show, based on a screen for suppressors of exo70B1, that exo70B1-activated autoimmune responses require CPK5 However, the CPK5 homologs CPK4, CPK6, and CPK11, which were previously reported to function redundantly with CPK5 in effector-triggered immunity, did not contribute to exo70B1-associated phenotypes, indicating that CPK5 plays a unique role in plant immunity. Overexpressing CPK5 results in TN2-dependent autoimmunity and enhanced disease resistance, reminiscent of the exo70B1 phenotypes. Ectopic expression of CPK5 in the exo70B1 mutant led to constitutive CPK5 protein kinase activity, which was not detectable in tn2 mutants. Furthermore, TN2 interacts with the CPK5 N-terminal variable and kinase domains, stabilizing CPK5 kinase activity in vitro. This work uncovers a direct functional link between an atypical immune receptor and a crucial component of early immune signaling: increased immunity in exo70B1 depends on TN2 and CPK5 and, in a positive feedback loop, TN2 keeps CPK5 enzymatically active beyond the initiating stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Katharina Hake
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tina Romeis
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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175
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Yamauchi T, Yoshioka M, Fukazawa A, Mori H, Nishizawa NK, Tsutsumi N, Yoshioka H, Nakazono M. An NADPH Oxidase RBOH Functions in Rice Roots during Lysigenous Aerenchyma Formation under Oxygen-Deficient Conditions. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:775-790. [PMID: 28351990 PMCID: PMC5435434 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the NADPH oxidase, respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), trigger signal transduction in diverse biological processes in plants. However, the functions of RBOH homologs in rice (Oryza sativa) and other gramineous plants are poorly understood. Ethylene induces the formation of lysigenous aerenchyma, which consists of internal gas spaces created by programmed cell death of cortical cells, in roots of gramineous plants under oxygen-deficient conditions. Here, we report that, in rice, one RBOH isoform (RBOHH) has a role in ethylene-induced aerenchyma formation in roots. Induction of RBOHH expression under oxygen-deficient conditions was greater in cortical cells than in cells of other root tissues. In addition, genes encoding group I calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK5 and CDPK13) were strongly expressed in root cortical cells. Coexpression of RBOHH with CDPK5 or CDPK13 induced ROS production in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Inhibitors of RBOH activity or cytosolic calcium influx suppressed ethylene-induced aerenchyma formation. Moreover, knockout of RBOHH by CRISPR/Cas9 reduced ROS accumulation and inducible aerenchyma formation in rice roots. These results suggest that RBOHH-mediated ROS production, which is stimulated by CDPK5 and/or CDPK13, is essential for ethylene-induced aerenchyma formation in rice roots under oxygen-deficient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Miki Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Aya Fukazawa
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mori
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Naoko K Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Mikio Nakazono
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
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176
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Pornsiriwong W, Estavillo GM, Chan KX, Tee EE, Ganguly D, Crisp PA, Phua SY, Zhao C, Qiu J, Park J, Yong MT, Nisar N, Yadav AK, Schwessinger B, Rathjen J, Cazzonelli CI, Wilson PB, Gilliham M, Chen ZH, Pogson BJ. A chloroplast retrograde signal, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate, acts as a secondary messenger in abscisic acid signaling in stomatal closure and germination. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28323614 PMCID: PMC5406205 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organelle-nuclear retrograde signaling regulates gene expression, but its roles in specialized cells and integration with hormonal signaling remain enigmatic. Here we show that the SAL1-PAP (3'-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate) retrograde pathway interacts with abscisic acid (ABA) signaling to regulate stomatal closure and seed germination in Arabidopsis. Genetically or exogenously manipulating PAP bypasses the canonical signaling components ABA Insensitive 1 (ABI1) and Open Stomata 1 (OST1); priming an alternative pathway that restores ABA-responsive gene expression, ROS bursts, ion channel function, stomatal closure and drought tolerance in ost1-2. PAP also inhibits wild type and abi1-1 seed germination by enhancing ABA sensitivity. PAP-XRN signaling interacts with ABA, ROS and Ca2+; up-regulating multiple ABA signaling components, including lowly-expressed Calcium Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs) capable of activating the anion channel SLAC1. Thus, PAP exhibits many secondary messenger attributes and exemplifies how retrograde signals can have broader roles in hormone signaling, allowing chloroplasts to fine-tune physiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannarat Pornsiriwong
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gonzalo M Estavillo
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Acton, Australia
| | - Kai Xun Chan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Estee E Tee
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Diep Ganguly
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Peter A Crisp
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Su Yin Phua
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia
| | - Jiaen Qiu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Australia.,Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Australia
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Miing Tiem Yong
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia
| | - Nazia Nisar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Arun Kumar Yadav
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | | | - John Rathjen
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Christopher I Cazzonelli
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia
| | - Philippa B Wilson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia.,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Barry J Pogson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
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177
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Calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK31 interacts with arsenic transporter AtNIP1;1 and regulates arsenite uptake in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173681. [PMID: 28296918 PMCID: PMC5351991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Although arsenite [As(III)] is non-essential and toxic for plants, it is effectively absorbed through various transporters into the roots. Here we identified a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK31) response for As(III) tolerance in Arabidopsis. We identified CPK31 as an interacting protein of a nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein (NIP1;1), an aquaporin involved in As(III) uptake. Similarly to the nip1;1 mutants, the loss-of-function mutants of CPK31 improved the tolerance against As(III) but not As(V), and accumulated less As(III) in roots than that of the wild-type plants. The promoter-β-glucuronidase and quantitative Real-Time PCR analysis revealed that CPK31 displayed overlapping expression profiles with NIP1;1 in the roots, suggesting that they might function together in roots. Indeed, the cpk31 nip1;1 double mutants exhibited stronger As(III) tolerance than cpk31 mutants, but similar to nip1;1 mutants, supporting the idea that CPK31 might serve as an upstream regulator of NIP1;1. Furthermore, transient CPK31 overexpression induced by dexamethasone caused the decrease in As(III) tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis lines. These findings reveal that CPK31 is a key factor in As(III) response in plants.
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178
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Ormancey M, Thuleau P, Mazars C, Cotelle V. CDPKs and 14-3-3 Proteins: Emerging Duo in Signaling. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 22:263-272. [PMID: 28065409 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are Ca2+-sensors that play pivotal roles in plant development and stress responses. They have the unique ability to directly translate intracellular Ca2+ signals into reversible phosphorylation events of diverse substrates which can mediate interactions with 14-3-3 proteins to modulate protein functions. Recent studies have revealed roles for the coordinated action of CDPKs and 14-3-3s in regulating diverse aspects of plant biology including metabolism, development, and stress responses. We review here the underlying interaction and cross-regulation of the two signaling proteins, and we discuss how this insight has led to the emerging concept of CDPK/14-3-3 signaling modules that could contribute to response specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Ormancey
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Patrice Thuleau
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Christian Mazars
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Valérie Cotelle
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
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179
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Wu P, Wang W, Duan W, Li Y, Hou X. Comprehensive Analysis of the CDPK-SnRK Superfamily Genes in Chinese Cabbage and Its Evolutionary Implications in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:162. [PMID: 28239387 PMCID: PMC5301275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The CDPK-SnRK (calcium-dependent protein kinase/Snf1-related protein kinase) gene superfamily plays important roles in signaling pathways for disease resistance and various stress responses, as indicated by emerging evidence. In this study, we constructed comparative analyses of gene structure, retention, expansion, whole-genome duplication (WGD) and expression patterns of CDPK-SnRK genes in Brassica rapa and their evolution in plants. A total of 49 BrCPKs, 14 BrCRKs, 3 BrPPCKs, 5 BrPEPRKs, and 56 BrSnRKs were identified in B. rapa. All BrCDPK-SnRK proteins had highly conserved kinase domains. By statistical analysis of the number of CDPK-SnRK genes in each species, we found that the expansion of the CDPK-SnRK gene family started from angiosperms. Segmental duplication played a predominant role in CDPK-SnRK gene expansion. The analysis showed that PEPRK was more preferentially retained than other subfamilies and that CPK was retained similarly to SnRK. Among the CPKs and SnRKs, CPKIII and SnRK1 genes were more preferentially retained than other groups. CRK was closest to CPK, which may share a common evolutionary origin. In addition, we identified 196 CPK genes and 252 SnRK genes in 6 species, and their different expansion and evolution types were discovered. Furthermore, the expression of BrCDPK-SnRK genes is dynamic in different tissues as well as in response to abiotic stresses, demonstrating their important roles in development in B. rapa. In summary, this study provides genome-wide insight into the evolutionary history and mechanisms of CDPK-SnRK genes following whole-genome triplication in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Weike Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuaian, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
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180
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Ribaudo CM, Curá JA, Cantore ML. Activation of a calcium-dependent protein kinase involved in the Azospirillum growth promotion in rice. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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181
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Ferdous J, Sanchez-Ferrero JC, Langridge P, Milne L, Chowdhury J, Brien C, Tricker PJ. Differential expression of microRNAs and potential targets under drought stress in barley. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:11-24. [PMID: 27155357 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a crucial environmental constraint limiting crop production in many parts of the world. microRNA (miRNA) based gene regulation has been shown to act in several pathways, including crop response to drought stress. Sequence based profiling and computational analysis have revealed hundreds of miRNAs and their potential targets in different plant species under various stress conditions, but few have been biologically verified. In this study, 11 candidate miRNAs were tested for their expression profiles in barley. Differences in accumulation of only four miRNAs (Ath-miR169b, Osa-miR1432, Hv-miRx5 and Hv-miR166b/c) were observed between drought-treated and well-watered barley in four genotypes. miRNA targets were predicted using degradome analysis of two, different genotypes, and genotype-specific target cleavage was observed. Inverse correlation of mature miRNA accumulation with miRNA target transcripts was also genotype dependent under drought treatment. Drought-responsive miRNAs accumulated predominantly in mesophyll tissues. Our results demonstrate genotype-specific miRNA regulation under drought stress and evidence for their role in mediating expression of target genes for abiotic stress response in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Ferdous
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Juan Carlos Sanchez-Ferrero
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Linda Milne
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Jamil Chowdhury
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Chris Brien
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Penny J Tricker
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
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182
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Fang Z, Li Z, Yang L, Zhuang M, Zhang Y, Lv H. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea var. italica) and Wild Cabbage ( Brassica macrocarpa Guss.) in Response to Plasmodiophora brassicae during Different Infection Stages. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1929. [PMID: 28066482 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-019-04196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Clubroot, one of the most devastating diseases to the Brassicaceae family, is caused by the obligate biotrophic pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae. However, studies of the molecular basis of disease resistance are still poor especially in quantitative resistance. In the present paper, two previously identified genotypes, a clubroot-resistant genotype (wild cabbage, B2013) and a clubroot-susceptible genotype (broccoli, 90196) were inoculated by P. brassicae for 0 (T0), 7 (T7), and 14 (T14) day after inoculation (DAI). Gene expression pattern analysis suggested that response changes in transcript level of two genotypes under P. brassicae infection were mainly activated at the primary stage (T7). Based on the results of DEGs functional enrichments from two infection stages, genes associated with cell wall biosynthesis, glucosinolate biosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction showed down-regulated at T14 compared to T7, indicating that defense responses to P. brassicae were induced earlier, and related pathways were repressed at T14. In addition, the genes related to NBS-LRR proteins, SA signal transduction, cell wall and phytoalexins biosynthesis, chitinase, Ca2+ signals and RBOH proteins were mainly up-regulated in B2013 by comparing those of 90196, indicating the pathways of response defense to clubroot were activated in the resistant genotype. This is the first report about comparative transcriptome analysis for broccoli and its wild relative during the different stages of P. brassicae infection and the results should be useful for molecular assisted screening and breeding of clubroot-resistant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Zhansheng Li
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Limei Yang
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Mu Zhuang
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Honghao Lv
- Group of Cabbage and Broccoli Breeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing, China
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Wang Z, Huang B, Dong H, Zhao Q, Zhu S, Xia W, Xu S, Xie Y, Cui X, Tang M, Men Q, Yang Z, Li C, Zhu X, Han H. Molecular Characterization and Functional Analysis of a Novel Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 4 from Eimeria tenella. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168132. [PMID: 27977727 PMCID: PMC5158193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eimeria tenella is an obligate intracellular parasite that actively invades cecal epithelial cells of chickens. The basis of cell invasion is not completely understood, but some key molecules of host cell invasion have been discovered. This paper investigated the characteristics of calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 (EtCDPK4), a critical molecule in E. tenella invasion of host cells. A full-length EtCDPK4 cDNA was identified from E. tenella using rapid amplification of cDNA ends. EtCDPK4 had an open reading frame of 1803 bp encoding a protein of 600 amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to explore differences in EtCDPK4 transcription and translation in four developmental stages of E. tenella. EtCDPK4 was expressed at higher levels in sporozoites, but translation was higher in second-generation merozoites. In vitro invasion inhibition assays explored whether EtCDPK4 was involved in invasion of DF-1 cells by E. tenella sporozoites. Polyclonal antibodies against recombinant EtCDPK4 (rEtCDPK4) inhibited parasite invasion, decreasing it by approximately 52%. Indirect immunofluorescence assays explored EtCDPK4 distribution during parasite development after E. tenella sporozoite invasion of DF-1 cells in vitro. The results showed that EtCDPK4 might be important in sporozoite invasion and development. To analyze EtCDPK4 functional domains according to the structural characteristics of EtCDPK4 and study the kinase activity of rEtCDPK4, an in vitro phosphorylation system was established. We verified that rEtCDPK4 was a protein kinase that was completely dependent on Ca2+ for enzyme activity. Specific inhibitors of rEtCDPK4 activity were screened by kinase activity in vitro. Some specific inhibitors were applied to assays of DF-1 cell invasion by E. tenella sporozoites to confirm that the inhibitors functioned in vitro. W-7, H-7, H-89, and myristoylated peptide inhibited DF-1 invasion by E. tenella sporozoites. The experimental results showed that EtCDPK4 may be involved in E. tenella invasion of chicken cecal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bing Huang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qiping Zhao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shunhai Zhu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weili Xia
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shuaibin Xu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Xie
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Cui
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Min Tang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qifei Men
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhiyuang Yang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Cong Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuelong Zhu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hongyu Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Minhang, Shanghai, PR China
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Xiao XH, Yang M, Sui JL, Qi JY, Fang YJ, Hu SN, Tang CR. The calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and CDPK-related kinase gene families in Hevea brasiliensis-comparison with five other plant species in structure, evolution, and expression. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 7:4-24. [PMID: 28097084 PMCID: PMC5221434 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium‐dependent protein kinases (CDPKs or CPKs) play important roles in various physiological processes of plants, including growth and development, stress responses and hormone signaling. Although the CDPK gene family has been characterized in several model plants, little is known about this gene family in Hevea brasiliensis (the Para rubber tree). Here, we characterize the entire H. brasiliensis CDPK and CDPK‐related kinase (CRK) gene families comprising 30 CDPK genes (HbCPK1 to 30) and nine CRK genes (HbCRK1 to 9). Structure and phylogeny analyses of these CDPK and CRK genes demonstrate evolutionary conservation in these gene families across H. brasiliensis and other plant species. The expression of HbCPK and HbCRK genes was investigated via Solexa sequencing in a range of experimental conditions (different tissues, phases of leaf development, ethylene treatment, and various abiotic stresses). The results suggest that HbCPK and HbCRK genes are important components in growth, development, and stress responses of H. brasiliensis. Parallel studies on the CDPK and CRK gene families were also extended to five other plant species (Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Populus trichocarpa, Manihot esculenta, and Ricinus communis). The CDPK and CRK genes from different plant species that exhibit similar expression patterns tend to cluster together, suggesting a coevolution of gene structure and expression behavior in higher plants. The results serve as a foundation to further functional studies of these gene families in H. brasiliensis as well as in the whole plant kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hu Xiao
- Key Lab of Rubber Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Rubber Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Danzhou Hainan China
| | - Meng Yang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jin-Lei Sui
- Key Lab of Rubber Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Rubber Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Danzhou Hainan China; College of Agriculture Hainan University Haikou Hainan China
| | - Ji-Yan Qi
- Key Lab of Rubber Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Rubber Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Danzhou Hainan China
| | - Yong-Jun Fang
- Key Lab of Rubber Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Rubber Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Danzhou Hainan China
| | - Song-Nian Hu
- Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Chao-Rong Tang
- Key Lab of Rubber Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Rubber Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Danzhou Hainan China
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185
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Grandellis C, Fantino E, Muñiz García MN, Bialer MG, Santin F, Capiati DA, Ulloa RM. StCDPK3 Phosphorylates In Vitro Two Transcription Factors Involved in GA and ABA Signaling in Potato: StRSG1 and StABF1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167389. [PMID: 27907086 PMCID: PMC5131985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases, CDPKs, decode calcium (Ca2+) transients and initiate downstream responses in plants. In order to understand how CDPKs affect plant physiology, their specific target proteins must be identified. In tobacco, the bZIP transcription factor Repression of Shoot Growth (NtRSG) that modulates gibberellin (GA) content is a specific target of NtCDPK1. StCDPK3 from potato is homologous (88% identical) to NtCDPK1 even in its N-terminal variable domain. In this work, we observe that NtRSG is also phosphorylated by StCDPK3. The potato RSG family of transcription factors is composed of three members that share similar features. The closest homologue to NtRSG, which was named StRSG1, was amplified and sequenced. qRT-PCR data indicate that StRSG1 is mainly expressed in petioles, stems, lateral buds, and roots. In addition, GA treatment affected StRSG1 expression. StCDPK3 transcripts were detected in leaves, petioles, stolons, roots, and dormant tubers, and transcript levels were modified in response to GA. The recombinant StRSG1-GST protein was produced and tested as a substrate for StCDPK3 and StCDPK1. 6xHisStCDPK3 was able to phosphorylate the potato StRSG1 in a Ca2+-dependent way, while 6xHisStCDPK1 could not. StCDPK3 also interacts and phosphorylates the transcription factor StABF1 (ABRE binding factor 1) involved in ABA signaling, as shown by EMSA and phosphorylation assays. StABF1 transcripts were mainly detected in roots, stems, and stolons. Our data suggest that StCDPK3 could be involved in the cross-talk between ABA and GA signaling at the onset of tuber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Grandellis
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado, 2 piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisa Fantino
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado, 2 piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Noelia Muñiz García
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado, 2 piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Magalí Graciela Bialer
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado, 2 piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Santin
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado, 2 piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Andrea Capiati
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado, 2 piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Biochemistry Department, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rita María Ulloa
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology (INGEBI), National Research Council (CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado, 2 piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Biochemistry Department, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wang L, Yu C, Xu S, Zhu Y, Huang W. OsDi19-4 acts downstream of OsCDPK14 to positively regulate ABA response in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:2740-2753. [PMID: 27627618 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The drought-induced 19 protein family consists of several atypical Cys2/His2-type zinc finger proteins in plants and plays an important role in abiotic stress. In this study, we found that overexpressing OsDi19-4 in rice altered the expression of a series of abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive genes, resulting in strong ABA-hypersensitive phenotypes including ABA-induced seed germination inhibition, early seedling growth inhibition and stomatal closure. On the contrary, OsDi19-4 knockdown lines were less sensitive to ABA. Additionally, OsCDPK14 was identified to interact with OsDi19-4 and be responsible for the phosphorylation of OsDi19-4, and the phosphorylation of OsDi19-4 was further enhanced after the treatment of ABA. Apart from these, OsDi19-4 was shown to directly bind to the promoters of OsASPG1 and OsNAC18 genes, two ABA-responsive genes, and regulate their expression. Transient expression assays confirmed the direct regulation role of OsDi19-4, and the regulation was further enhanced by the increased phosphorylation of OsDi19-4 after the treatment of ABA. Taken together, these data demonstrate that OsDi19-4 acts downstream of OsCDPK14 to positively regulate ABA response by modulating the expression of ABA-responsive genes in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Changchun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shanglin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yingguo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, the Ministry of Agriculture, The Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration & Innovation Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenchao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, the Ministry of Agriculture, The Yangtze River Valley Hybrid Rice Collaboration & Innovation Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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187
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RNA-seq based transcriptomic analysis uncovers α-linolenic acid and jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathways respond to cold acclimation in Camellia japonica. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36463. [PMID: 27819341 PMCID: PMC5098223 DOI: 10.1038/srep36463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Camellia is a well-known ornamental flower native to Southeast of Asia, including regions such as Japan, Korea and South China. However, most species in the genus Camellia are cold sensitive. To elucidate the cold stress responses in camellia plants, we carried out deep transcriptome sequencing of 'Jiangxue', a cold-tolerant cultivar of Camellia japonica, and approximately 1,006 million clean reads were generated using Illumina sequencing technology. The assembly of the clean reads produced 367,620 transcripts, including 207,592 unigenes. Overall, 28,038 differentially expressed genes were identified during cold acclimation. Detailed elucidation of responses of transcription factors, protein kinases and plant hormone signalling-related genes described the interplay of signal that allowed the plant to fine-tune cold stress responses. On the basis of global gene regulation of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis- and jasmonic acid biosynthesis-related genes, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathways were deduced to be involved in the low temperature responses in C. japonica. These results were supported by the determination of the fatty acid composition and jasmonic acid content. Our results provide insights into the genetic and molecular basis of the responses to cold acclimation in camellia plants.
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188
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Gahlaut V, Jaiswal V, Kumar A, Gupta PK. Transcription factors involved in drought tolerance and their possible role in developing drought tolerant cultivars with emphasis on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:2019-2042. [PMID: 27738714 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-016-2794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
TFs involved in drought tolerance in plants may be utilized in future for developing drought tolerant cultivars of wheat and some other crops. Plants have developed a fairly complex stress response system to deal with drought and other abiotic stresses. These response systems often make use of transcription factors (TFs); a gene encoding a specific TF together with -its target genes constitute a regulon, and take part in signal transduction to activate/silence genes involved in response to drought. Since, five specific families of TFs (out of >80 known families of TFs) have gained widespread attention on account of their significant role in drought tolerance in plants, TFs and regulons belonging to these five multi-gene families (AP2/EREBP, bZIP, MYB/MYC, NAC and WRKY) have been described and their role in improving drought tolerance discussed in this brief review. These TFs often undergo reversible phosphorylation to perform their function, and are also involved in complex networks. Therefore, some details about reversible phosphorylation of TFs by different protein kinases/phosphatases and the co-regulatory networks, which involve either only TFs or TFs with miRNAs, have also been discussed. Literature on transgenics involving genes encoding TFs and that on QTLs and markers associated with TF genes involved in drought tolerance has also been reviewed. Throughout the review, there is a major emphasis on wheat as an important crop, although examples from the model cereal rice (sometimes maize also), and the model plant Arabidopsis have also been used. This knowledge base may eventually allow the use of TF genes for development of drought tolerant cultivars, particularly in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Gahlaut
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Vandana Jaiswal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- Advance Centre for Computational and Applied Biotechnology, Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology, Dehradun, India
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Cieśla A, Mituła F, Misztal L, Fedorowicz-Strońska O, Janicka S, Tajdel-Zielińska M, Marczak M, Janicki M, Ludwików A, Sadowski J. A Role for Barley Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase CPK2a in the Response to Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1550. [PMID: 27826303 PMCID: PMC5078816 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the drought tolerance of crops is one of the most challenging goals in plant breeding. To improve crop productivity during periods of water deficit, it is essential to understand the complex regulatory pathways that adapt plant metabolism to environmental conditions. Among various plant hormones and second messengers, calcium ions are known to be involved in drought stress perception and signaling. Plants have developed specific calcium-dependent protein kinases that convert calcium signals into phosphorylation events. In this study we attempted to elucidate the role of a calcium-dependent protein kinase in the drought stress response of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), one of the most economically important crops worldwide. The ongoing barley genome project has provided useful information about genes potentially involved in the drought stress response, but information on the role of calcium-dependent kinases is still limited. We found that the gene encoding the calcium-dependent protein kinase HvCPK2a was significantly upregulated in response to drought. To better understand the role of HvCPK2a in drought stress signaling, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants that overexpressed the corresponding coding sequence. Overexpressing lines displayed drought sensitivity, reduced nitrogen balance index (NBI), an increase in total chlorophyll content and decreased relative water content. In addition, in vitro kinase assay experiments combined with mass spectrometry allowed HvCPK2a autophosphorylation sites to be identified. Our results suggest that HvCPK2a is a dual-specificity calcium-dependent protein kinase that functions as a negative regulator of the drought stress response in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Cieśla
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
| | - Filip Mituła
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Misztal
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
| | | | - Sabina Janicka
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Marczak
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Janicki
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ludwików
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
| | - Jan Sadowski
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznań, Poland
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190
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Wei X, Shen F, Hong Y, Rong W, Du L, Liu X, Xu H, Ma L, Zhang Z. The wheat calcium-dependent protein kinase TaCPK7-D positively regulates host resistance to sharp eyespot disease. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2016; 17:1252-64. [PMID: 26720854 PMCID: PMC6638438 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sharp eyespot, caused mainly by the necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis, limits wheat production worldwide. Here, TaCPK7-D, encoding a subgroup III member of the calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) family, was identified from the sharp eyespot-resistant wheat line CI12633 through comparative transcriptomic analysis. Subsequently, the defence role of TaCPK7-D against R. cerealis infection was studied by the generation and characterization of TaCPK7-D-silenced and TaCPK7-D-overexpressing wheat plants. Rhizoctonia cerealis inoculation induced a higher transcriptional level of TaCPK7-D in the resistant wheat line CI12633 than in the susceptible cultivar Wenmai 6. The expression of TaCPK7-D was significantly induced after exogenous application of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (an ethylene biosynthesis precursor). The green fluorescent protein signal distribution assays indicated that TaCPK7-D localizes to the plasma membrane in both onion epidermal cells and wheat protoplasts. Following R. cerealis inoculation, TaCPK7-D-silenced wheat CI12633 plants displayed more severe sharp eyespot symptoms than control CI12633 plants. Four defence-associated genes (β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase 1, defensin and TaPIE1) and an ethylene biosynthesis key gene, ACO2, were significantly suppressed in the TaCPK7-D-silenced wheat plants compared with control plants. Conversely, TaCPK7-D-overexpressing wheat lines showed increased resistance to sharp eyespot compared with untransformed recipient wheat Yangmai 16. Furthermore, the transcriptional levels of these four defence-related genes and ACO2 gene were significantly elevated in TaCPK7-D-overexpressing plants compared with untransformed recipient wheat plants. These results suggest that TaCPK7-D positively regulates the wheat resistance response to R. cerealis infection through the modulation of the expression of these defence-associated genes, and that TaCPK7-D is a candidate to improve sharp eyespot resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Wei
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fangdi Shen
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yantao Hong
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Rong
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lipu Du
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huijun Xu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lingjian Ma
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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191
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Zhou S, Jia L, Chu H, Wu D, Peng X, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhao J, Chen K, Zhao L. Arabidopsis CaM1 and CaM4 Promote Nitric Oxide Production and Salt Resistance by Inhibiting S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase via Direct Binding. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006255. [PMID: 27684709 PMCID: PMC5042403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt is a major threat to plant growth and crop productivity. Calmodulin (CaM), the most important multifunctional Ca2+ sensor protein in plants, mediates reactions against environmental stresses through target proteins; however, direct proof of the participation of CaM in salt tolerance and its corresponding signaling pathway in vivo is lacking. In this study, we found that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 produced salt-responsive CaM isoforms according to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses; this result was verified based on a phenotypic analysis of salt-treated loss-of-function mutant and transgenic plants. We also found that the level of nitric oxide (NO), an important salt-responsive signaling molecule, varied in response to salt treatment depending on AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 expression. GSNOR is considered as an important and widely utilized regulatory component of NO homeostasis in plant resistance protein signaling networks. In vivo and in vitro protein-protein interaction assays revealed direct binding between AtCaM4 and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), leading to reduced GSNOR activity and an increased NO level. Overexpression of GSNOR intensified the salt sensitivity of cam4 mutant plants accompanied by a reduced internal NO level, whereas a gsnor deficiency increased the salt tolerance of cam4 plants accompanied by an increased internal NO level. Physiological experiments showed that CaM4-GSNOR, acting through NO, reestablished the ion balance to increase plant resistance to salt stress. Together, these data suggest that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 serve as signals in plant salt resistance by promoting NO accumulation through the binding and inhibition of GSNOR. This could be a conserved defensive signaling pathway in plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lixiu Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongye Chu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuan Peng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kunming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Liqun Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
- * E-mail:
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192
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Wang JL, Huang SY, Li TT, Chen K, Ning HR, Zhu XQ. Evaluation of the basic functions of six calcium-dependent protein kinases in Toxoplasma gondii using CRISPR-Cas9 system. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:697-702. [PMID: 26499803 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, an important protozoan parasite, infects almost all warm-blooded animals and humans. Although treatments in T. gondii are limited by the lack of effective drugs, some calcium-dependent kinases were demonstrated as the promising drug targets to chemotherapy against T. gondii due to their essential roles in T. gondii and absence from their hosts. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the functions of six calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK4, CDPK4A, CDPK5, CDPK6, CDPK8, and CDPK9) in T. gondii to assess whether they are suitable for designing as drug targets. We used the CRISPR-Cas9 system to disrupt six CDPK genes successfully by insertion of DHFR* at the guide RNA-targeted region in the six endogenous CDPK loci and successfully obtained the six knockout (KO)-CDPK strains. The biological characteristics of the six strains were evaluated by plaque assays, invasion, egress, replication, and virulence assays, respectively. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the six KO-CDPK strains and wild-type strain in virulence and the lytic cycle including invasion, egress, and replication. The conclusion was the six CDPKs are not essential for T. gondii lytic cycle and also not virulence factors for mice, suggesting that the six CDPKs may participate in other functions in T. gondii.
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193
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Liu H, Che Z, Zeng X, Zhou X, Sitoe HM, Wang H, Yu D. Genome-wide analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinases and their expression patterns in response to herbivore and wounding stresses in soybean. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 16:481-93. [PMID: 27179522 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0498-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play important roles in various aspects of plant physiology and involve in many cellular processes. However, genome-wide analysis of CDPK family in plant species is limited and few studies have been reported in soybean. In this study, a total of 39 genes encoding CDPKs were identified from the whole-genome sequence of soybean (Glycine max), which were denominated as GmCPK1-GmCPK39. These 39 CDPK genes could be classified into four subfamilies, and most genes showed tissue-specific expression patterns. Eight soybean CDPKs clustered together with the previously reported CDPKs related to pathogen, wounding, or herbivore stress were further analyzed. Differential gene expression analysis of these eight CDPK genes in response to herbivore and wounding stresses helps us identify GmCPK3 and GmCPK31 as the candidate genes for herbivore resistance in soybean, whose relative transcript abundance rapidly increased after wound and herbivore attacks. Sub-cellular localization revealed that GmCPK3 and GmCPK31 were localized in plasma membranes, which is consistent with previously reported plant defense related CDPKs. These results may suggest that GmCPK3 and GmCPK31 play important roles in the plant response to biotic stress. Simultaneously, our study will provide an important foundation for further functional characterization of the soybean CDPK gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhijun Che
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuanrui Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hélder Manuel Sitoe
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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194
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Laporte D, Valdés N, González A, Sáez CA, Zúñiga A, Navarrete A, Meneses C, Moenne A. Copper-induced overexpression of genes encoding antioxidant system enzymes and metallothioneins involve the activation of CaMs, CDPKs and MEK1/2 in the marine alga Ulva compressa. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:433-40. [PMID: 27395803 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomic analyses were performed in the green macroalga Ulva compressa cultivated with 10μM copper for 24h. Nucleotide sequences encoding antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase (ap), dehydroascorbate reductase (dhar) and glutathione reductase (gr), enzymes involved in ascorbate (ASC) synthesis l-galactose dehydrogenase (l-gdh) and l-galactono lactone dehydrogenase (l-gldh), in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase (γ-gcl) and glutathione synthase (gs), and metal-chelating proteins metallothioneins (mt) were identified. Amino acid sequences encoded by transcripts identified in U. compressa corresponding to antioxidant system enzymes showed homology mainly to plant and green alga enzymes but those corresponding to MTs displayed homology to animal and plant MTs. Level of transcripts encoding the latter proteins were quantified in the alga cultivated with 10μM copper for 0-12 days. Transcripts encoding enzymes of the antioxidant system increased with maximal levels at day 7, 9 or 12, and for MTs at day 3, 7 or 12. In addition, the involvement of calmodulins (CaMs), calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1/2) in the increase of the level of the latter transcripts was analyzed using inhibitors. Transcript levels decreased with inhibitors of CaMs, CDPKs and MEK1/2. Thus, copper induces overexpression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, enzymes involved in ASC and GSH syntheses and MTs. The increase in transcript levels may involve the activation of CaMs, CDPKs and MEK1/2 in U. compressa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Laporte
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Valdés
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alberto González
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio A Sáez
- Laboratory of Coastal Toxicology, Center of Advanced Studies, University of Playa Ancha, Traslaviña 450, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Antonio Zúñiga
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Axel Navarrete
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Meneses
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile; FONDAP, Center for Genome Regulation, Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile
| | - Alejandra Moenne
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago, Chile.
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195
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Fedorowicz-Strońska O, Koczyk G, Kaczmarek M, Krajewski P, Sadowski J. Genome-wide identification, characterisation and expression profiles of calcium-dependent protein kinase genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). J Appl Genet 2016; 58:11-22. [PMID: 27447459 PMCID: PMC5243917 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-016-0357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In plant cells, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important sensors of Ca2+ flux resulting from various environmental stresses like cold, drought or salt stress. Previous genome sequence analysis and comparative studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) defined a multi-gene family of CDPKs. Here, we identified and characterised the CDPK gene complement of the model plant, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Comparative analysis encompassed phylogeny reconstruction based on newly available barley genome sequence, as well as established model genomes (e.g. O. sativa, A. thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon). Functional gene copies possessed characteristic CDPK domain architecture, including a serine/threonine kinase domain and four regulatory EF-hand motifs. In silico verification was followed by measurements of transcript abundance via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relative expression of CDPK genes was determined in the vegetative growth stage under intensifying drought stress conditions. The majority of barley CDPK genes showed distinct changes in patterns of expression during exposure to stress. Our study constitutes evidence for involvement of the barley CDPK gene complement in signal transduction pathways relating to adaptation to drought. Our bioinformatics and transcriptomic analyses will provide an important foundation for further functional dissection of the barley CDPK gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Fedorowicz-Strońska
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Koczyk
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kaczmarek
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Sadowski
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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196
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Simeunovic A, Mair A, Wurzinger B, Teige M. Know where your clients are: subcellular localization and targets of calcium-dependent protein kinases. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3855-72. [PMID: 27117335 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are at the forefront of decoding transient Ca(2+) signals into physiological responses. They play a pivotal role in many aspects of plant life starting from pollen tube growth, during plant development, and in stress response to senescence and cell death. At the cellular level, Ca(2+) signals have a distinct, narrow distribution, thus requiring a conjoined localization of the decoders. Accordingly, most CDPKs have a distinct subcellular distribution which enables them to 'sense' the local Ca(2+) concentration and to interact specifically with their targets. Here we present a comprehensive overview of identified CDPK targets and discuss them in the context of kinase-substrate specificity and subcellular distribution of the CDPKs. This is particularly relevant for calcium-mediated phosphorylation where different CDPKs, as well as other kinases, were frequently reported to be involved in the regulation of the same target. However, often these studies were not performed in an in situ context. Thus, considering the specific expression patterns, distinct subcellular distribution, and different Ca(2+) affinities of CDPKs will narrow down the number of potential CDPKs for one given target. A number of aspects still remain unresolved, giving rise to pending questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Simeunovic
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Mair
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Wurzinger
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Teige
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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197
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Ermert AL, Mailliet K, Hughes J. Holophytochrome-Interacting Proteins in Physcomitrella: Putative Actors in Phytochrome Cytoplasmic Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:613. [PMID: 27242820 PMCID: PMC4867686 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Phytochromes are the principle photoreceptors in light-regulated plant development, primarily acting via translocation of the light-activated photoreceptor into the nucleus and subsequent gene regulation. However, several independent lines of evidence indicate unambiguously that an additional cytoplasmic signaling mechanism must exist. Directional responses in filament tip cells of the moss Physcomitrella patens are steered by phy4 which has been shown to interact physically with the blue light receptor phototropin at the plasma membrane. This complex might perceive and transduce vectorial information leading to cytoskeleton reorganization and finally a directional growth response. We developed yeast two-hybrid procedures using photochemically functional, full-length phy4 as bait in Physcomitrella cDNA library screens and growth assays under different light conditions, revealing Pfr-dependent interactions possibly associated with phytochrome cytoplasmic signaling. Candidate proteins were then expressed in planta with fluorescent protein tags to determine their intracellular localization in darkness and red light. Of 14 candidates, 12 were confirmed to interact with phy4 in planta using bimolecular fluorescence complementation. We also used database information to study their expression patterns relative to those of phy4. We discuss the likely functional characteristics of these holophytochrome-interacting proteins (HIP's) and their possible roles in signaling.
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198
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Ranty B, Aldon D, Cotelle V, Galaud JP, Thuleau P, Mazars C. Calcium Sensors as Key Hubs in Plant Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:327. [PMID: 27014336 PMCID: PMC4792864 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The Ca(2+) ion is recognized as a crucial second messenger in signaling pathways coupling the perception of environmental stimuli to plant adaptive responses. Indeed, one of the earliest events following the perception of environmental changes (temperature, salt stress, drought, pathogen, or herbivore attack) is intracellular variation of free calcium concentrations. These calcium variations differ in their spatio-temporal characteristics (subcellular location, amplitude, kinetics) with the nature and strength of the stimulus and, for this reason, they are considered as signatures encrypting information from the initial stimulus. This information is believed to drive a specific response by decoding via calcium-binding proteins. Based on recent examples, we illustrate how individual calcium sensors from the calcium-dependent protein kinase and calmodulin-like protein families can integrate inputs from various environmental changes. Focusing on members of these two families, shown to be involved in plant responses to both abiotic and biotic stimuli, we discuss their role as key hubs and we put forward hypotheses explaining how they can drive the signaling pathways toward the appropriate plant responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Christian Mazars
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPSAuzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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199
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Shen L, Yang S, Yang T, Liang J, Cheng W, Wen J, Liu Y, Li J, Shi L, Tang Q, Shi W, Hu J, Liu C, Zhang Y, Mou S, Liu Z, Cai H, He L, Guan D, Wu Y, He S. CaCDPK15 positively regulates pepper responses to Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation and forms a positive-feedback loop with CaWRKY40 to amplify defense signaling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22439. [PMID: 26928570 PMCID: PMC4772545 DOI: 10.1038/srep22439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CaWRKY40 is a positive regulator of pepper (Capsicum annum) response to Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation (RSI), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we functionally characterize CaCDPK15 in the defense signaling mediated by CaWRKY40. Pathogen-responsive TGA, W, and ERE boxes were identified in the CaCDPK15 promoter (pCaCDPK15), and pCaCDPK15-driven GUS expression was significantly enhanced in response to RSI and exogenously applied salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, and ethephon. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CaCDPK15 significantly increased the susceptibility of pepper to RSI and downregulated the immunity-associated markers CaNPR1, CaPR1, and CaDEF1. By contrast, transient CaCDPK15 overexpression significantly activated hypersensitive response associated cell death, upregulated the immunity-associated marker genes, upregulated CaWRKY40 expression, and enriched CaWRKY40 at the promoters of its targets genes. Although CaCDPK15 failed to interact with CaWRKY40, the direct binding of CaWRKY40 to pCaCDPK15 was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation, which was significantly potentiated by RSI in pepper plants. These combined results suggest that RSI in pepper induces CaCDPK15 and indirectly activates downstream CaWRKY40, which in turn potentiates CaCDPK15 expression. This positive-feedback loop would amplify defense signaling against RSI and efficiently activate strong plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Sheng Yang
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Tong Yang
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Wei Cheng
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Jiayu Wen
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Jiazhi Li
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Lanping Shi
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Qian Tang
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Jiong Hu
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Cailing Liu
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Yangwen Zhang
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Shaoliang Mou
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Hanyang Cai
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Li He
- College of Life Science, Jinggang Shan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343000, PR China
| | - Deyi Guan
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Yang Wu
- College of Life Science, Jinggang Shan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343000, PR China
| | - Shuilin He
- National Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.,College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
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200
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Li CL, Wang M, Wu XM, Chen DH, Lv HJ, Shen JL, Qiao Z, Zhang W. THI1, a Thiamine Thiazole Synthase, Interacts with Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinase CPK33 and Modulates the S-Type Anion Channels and Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:1090-104. [PMID: 26662273 PMCID: PMC4734576 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Thiamine is required for both plant growth and development. Here, the involvement of a thiamine thiazole synthase, THI1, has been demonstrated in both guard cell abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and the drought response in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). THI1 overexpressors proved to be more sensitive to ABA than the wild type with respect to both the activation of guard cell slow type anion channels and stomatal closure; this effectively reduced the rate of water loss from the plant and thereby enhanced its level of drought tolerance. A yeast two-hybrid strategy was used to screen a cDNA library from epidermal strips of leaves for THI1 regulatory factors, and identified CPK33, a Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase, as interactor with THI1 in a plasma membrane-delimited manner. Loss-of-function cpk33 mutants were hypersensitive to ABA activation of slow type anion channels and ABA-induced stomatal closure, while the CPK33 overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes. CPK33 kinase activity was essential for ABA-induced stomatal closure. Consistent with their contrasting regulatory role over stomatal closure, THI1 suppressed CPK33 kinase activity in vitro. Together, our data reveal a novel regulatory role of thiamine thiazole synthase to kinase activity in guard cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Dong-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hong-Jun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jian-Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zhu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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