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Wu Z, Yu S, Zhu Q, Li Z, Zhang H, Kang X, Xu Z, Miao X, Liu X, Li X, Zhang J, Wang W, Tao L, Guo X. Association of baseline and cumulative remnant cholesterol with incidence of diabetic nephropathy: A longitudinal cohort study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 191:110079. [PMID: 36099974 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the longitudinal association of remnant cholesterol with the incidence of diabetic nephropathy using a Chinese diabetes cohort. METHODS We included 4237 individuals with type 2 diabetes during 2013-2014 from Beijing Health Management Cohort. Remnant cholesterol was defined by Martin-Hopkins equation. Diabetic nephropathy was confirmed by urine albumin/creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate. We calculated the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident diabetic nephropathy using adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS The median [IQR] age was 55 [48, 64] years, and 3 256 (76.8 %) were men. During follow-up, 248 (5.9 %) participants developed diabetic nephropathy. One-SD increase of baseline and average cumulative remnant cholesterol were significantly associated with an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy, and the adjusted HRs were 1.208 (95 % CI: 1.098-1.329) and 1.216 (95 % CI: 1.102-1.341), respectively. Individuals in the highest tertile of baseline and average cumulative remnant cholesterol had a 82.3 % and 87.6 % excess risk of diabetic nephropathy, compared with those in the lowest. CONCLUSION Remnant cholesterol is independently associated with incident diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Siqi Yu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qian Zhu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zongkai Xu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlei Miao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangtong Liu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Beijing Physical Examination Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Lixin Tao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
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López-Armas GC, Yessenbekova A, González-Castañeda RE, Arellano-Arteaga KJ, Guerra-Librero A, Ablaikhanova N, Florido J, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Rusanova I. Role of c-miR-21, c-miR-126, Redox Status, and Inflammatory Conditions as Potential Predictors of Vascular Damage in T2DM Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091675. [PMID: 36139749 PMCID: PMC9495876 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) vascular complications (VCs) is associated with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation and can result in endothelial dysfunctions. Circulating microRNAs play an important role in epigenetic regulation of the etiology of T2DM. We studied 30 healthy volunteers, 26 T2DM patients with no complications, and 26 T2DM patients with VCs, to look for new biomarkers indicating a risk of developing VCs in T2DM patients. Peripheral blood samples were used to determine redox state, by measuring the endogenous antioxidant defense system (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione reductase, GRd; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6DP) and markers of oxidative damage (advanced oxidation protein products, AOPP; lipid peroxidation, LPO). Additionally, inflammatory marker levels (IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α), c-miR-21, and c-miR-126 expression were analyzed. T2DM patients showed the highest oxidative damage with increased GSSG/GSH ratios, LPO, and AOPP levels. In both diabetic groups, we found that diminished SOD activity was accompanied by increased CAT and decreased GRd and G6PD activities. Diabetic patients presented with increased relative expression of c-miR-21 and decreased relative expression of c-miR-126. Overall, c-miR-21, SOD, CAT, and IL-6 had high predictive values for diabetes diagnoses. Finally, our data demonstrated that IL-6 exhibited predictive value for VC development in the studied population. Moreover, c-miR-21 and c-miR-126, along with GPx and AOPP levels, should be considered possible markers for VC development in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela C. López-Armas
- Departamento de Investigación y Extensión, Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial, C. Nueva Escocia 1885, Guadalajara 44638, Mexico
| | - Arailym Yessenbekova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Rocío E. González-Castañeda
- Laboratorio de Microscopia de Alta Resolución, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Kevin J. Arellano-Arteaga
- División de Medicina Interna, Nuevo Hospital Civil Juan I. Menchaca, Universidad de Guadalajara, Salvador Quevedo y Subieta 750, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Ana Guerra-Librero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Nurzhanyat Ablaikhanova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Javier Florido
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
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153
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Xue W, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Zhu Y. Hydrogen Sulfide Improves Angiogenesis by Regulating the Transcription of pri-miR-126 in Diabetic Endothelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172651. [PMID: 36078059 PMCID: PMC9455028 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus results in high rates of cardiovascular disease, such as microcirculation disorder of the lower limbs, with angiogenesis impairment being the main factor. The endothelium functions as a barrier between blood and the vessel wall. Vascular endothelial cell dysfunction caused by hyperglycemia is the main factor leading to angiogenesis impairment. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and miR-126-3p are known for their pro-angiogenesis effects; however, little is known about how H2S regulates miR-126-3p to promote angiogenesis under high-glucose conditions. Objectives: The main objective of this research was to explore how H2S regulates the miR-126-3p levels under high-glucose conditions. Methods: We evaluated the pro-angiogenesis effects of H2S in the diabetic hindlimb of an ischemia mice model and in vivo Matrigel plugs. Two microRNA datasets were used to screen microRNAs regulated by both diabetes and H2S. The mRNA and protein levels were detected through real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Immunofluorescent staining was also used to assess the capillary density and to evaluate the protein levels in vascular endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used in in vitro experiments. A scratch wound-healing assay was applied to detect the migration ability of endothelial cells. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with real-time PCR was chosen to identify the DNA methylation level in the HUVECs. Results: Exogenous H2S improved angiogenesis in diabetic mice. miR-126-3p was regulated by both diabetes and H2S. Exogenous H2S up-regulated the miR-126-3p level and recovered the migration rate of endothelial cells via down-regulating the DNMT1 protein level, which was increased by high glucose. Furthermore, DNMT1 upregulation in the HUVECs increased the methylation levels of the gene sequences upstream of miR-126-3p and then inhibited the transcription of primary-miR-126, thus decreasing the miR-126-3p level. CSE overexpression in the HUVECs rescued the miR-126-3p level, by decreasing the methylation level to improve migration. Conclusion: H2S increases the miR-126-3p level through down-regulating the methylation level, by decreasing the DNMT1 protein level induced by high glucose, thus improving the angiogenesis originally impaired by high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Xue
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yichun Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-21-5423-7098
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Ye H, Wang R, Wei J, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhang X. HADH may be the target molecule of early vascular endothelial impairment in T2DM. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:963916. [PMID: 36035955 PMCID: PMC9399638 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.963916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) will significantly increase the risk of atherosclerosis (AS). Vascular endothelial cell dysfunction (VECD) is the foundation of AS. Early identification and intervention of VECD caused by T2DM can help us effectively delay or even suppress the occurrence of AS. Methods We downloaded the gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified in R software and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to further screen the target genes. In addition, we used the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) to verify the diagnostic efficiency of target genes. Finally, target genes were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results Four target genes (CLUH, COG4, HADH, and MPZL2) were discovered in early vascular endothelial impairment caused by T2DM through differential expression analysis and WGCNA. The ROC curve of target genes showed that HADH had the best diagnostic efficacy in VECD and AS. qPCR showed that the mRNA level expression of HADH and MPZL2 were decreased in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) treated with high glucose and palmitic acid. Conclusion HADH may be the target gene in early VECD caused by T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruxin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinjing Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lihong Wang
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department Clinical Experimental Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Xiaofang Zhang
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155
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Batra R, Uni R, Akchurin OM, Alvarez-Mulett S, Gómez-Escobar LG, Patino E, Hoffman KL, Simmons W, Chetnik K, Buyukozkan M, Benedetti E, Suhre K, Schenck E, Cho SJ, Choi AMK, Schmidt F, Choi ME, Krumsiek J. Urine-based multi-omic comparative analysis of COVID-19 and bacterial sepsis-induced ARDS. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2022.08.10.22277939. [PMID: 35982662 PMCID: PMC9387152 DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.10.22277939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a life-threatening condition during critical illness, is a common complication of COVID-19. It can originate from various disease etiologies, including severe infections, major injury, or inhalation of irritants. ARDS poses substantial clinical challenges due to a lack of etiology-specific therapies, multisystem involvement, and heterogeneous, poor patient outcomes. A molecular comparison of ARDS groups holds the potential to reveal common and distinct mechanisms underlying ARDS pathogenesis. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of urine-based metabolomics and proteomics profiles from COVID-19 ARDS patients (n = 42) and bacterial sepsis-induced ARDS patients (n = 17). The comparison of these ARDS etiologies identified 150 metabolites and 70 proteins that were differentially abundant between the two groups. Based on these findings, we interrogated the interplay of cell adhesion/extracellular matrix molecules, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in ARDS pathogenesis through a multi-omic network approach. Moreover, we identified a proteomic signature associated with mortality in COVID-19 ARDS patients, which contained several proteins that had previously been implicated in clinical manifestations frequently linked with ARDS pathogenesis. In summary, our results provide evidence for significant molecular differences in ARDS patients from different etiologies and a potential synergy of extracellular matrix molecules, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in ARDS pathogenesis. The proteomic mortality signature should be further investigated in future studies to develop prediction models for COVID-19 patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Batra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oleh M Akchurin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergio Alvarez-Mulett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luis G Gómez-Escobar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edwin Patino
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine L Hoffman
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Will Simmons
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelsey Chetnik
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Mustafa Buyukozkan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Elisa Benedetti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Edward Schenck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soo Jung Cho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank Schmidt
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mary E Choi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
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156
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Lan Q, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Qi L, Dong Y, Zhou H, Li Y. Vascular endothelial dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus. Steroids 2022; 184:108993. [PMID: 35219717 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.108993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-related disorder that pregnant women without diabetes develop glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Endothelial dysfunction is the early event of vascular complications of diabetes. However, the role of endothelial dysfunction in GDM remains unknown. In this study, we hypothesize that there is a correlation between endothelial dysfunction and GDM indexes in the patients. METHODS 96 GDM patients and 96 gestational week-matched healthy pregnancies with normal glucose tolerance were recruited in our study. The expressions of endothelial function markers, including nitride oxidase (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), as well as flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), were measured. In addition, their correlation in GDM patients were also analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS GDM patients displayed decrease on FMD and serum NO levels with an increase on serum ET-1 secretion in comparison with normal glucose tolerance group. ROC analysis identified the predictive value of FMD, ET-1 and NO for GDM. Furthermore, endothelial dysfunction was correlated with both fasting plasma glucose and plasma glucose levels after 1 h or 2 h of oral glucose tolerance test in GDM patients. CONCLUSION Our data indicated that endothelial dysfunction was associated with GDM, and these markers might serve as potential biomarkers for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Lan
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Maternal Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Youxia Zhou
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Maternal Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Jiefang Zhang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Maternal Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Maternal Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Yiming Dong
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Maternal Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Maternal Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Maternal Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050031, China.
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Zhou J, Jiang Z, Lin Y, Li C, Liu J, Tian M, Liu Y, Chen K. The daily caloric restriction and alternate-day fasting ameliorated lipid dysregulation in type 2 diabetic mice by downregulating hepatic pescadillo 1. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2775-2797. [PMID: 35290477 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02850-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A possible link between pescadillo 1 (PES1) and lipid metabolism has been reported. However, whether PES1 is involved in the effects of daily caloric restriction (CR) and alternate-day fasting (ADF) interventions on diabetes-related lipid dysregulation is not elucidated. The current study aims are to explore the role of PES1 in effects of CR and ADF on diabetic mice and related mechanism. METHODS Eight-week-old male db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were randomly divided into untreated T2DM, CR and ADF groups. McArdle hepatocytes were treated with 48 h high glucose (HG), 48 h normal glucose (NG) and 24 h HG plus 24 h NG, respectively. Pes1 siRNA and overexpression plasmid were, respectively, transfected into liver cells, and AAV9-Pes1-shRNA was injected into db/db mice. RESULTS After 12-week interventions, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) levels in livers of T2DM mice were enhanced by CR and ADF interventions with reductions of hepatic and plasma triglycerides. Unexpectedly, hepatic PES1 levels were downregulated by two interventions, consistent with the results of 48 h NG and 24 h HG plus 24 h NG-treated cells. Moreover, CPT1A level was upregulated in Pes1-siRNA-treated cells and AAV9-Pes1-shRNA injected murine livers, in contrast to Pes1 overexpression in cultured cells. Mechanistically, 48 h NG or 24 h HG plus 24 h NG treatment increased PPAR-α binding to Pes1 promoter, suppressing the PES1 expression, thereby lowering the PES1-mediated ubiquitination of CPT1A. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that CR and ADF may improve lipid dysregulation in diabetic mice by downregulating hepatic PES1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhengxuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230021, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mengjun Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Liu
- AIER Hefei Eye Hospital Affiliated To Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
| | - Keyang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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158
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Katsa ME, Nomikos T. Olive Oil Phenolics and Platelets-From Molecular Mechanisms to Human Studies. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:255. [PMID: 39076644 PMCID: PMC11266954 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2308255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronically activated, dysfunctional platelets mediate the progression of the majority of non-communicable diseases in a pleiotropic fashion. Antiplatelet therapy remains an attractive therapeutic means which however hasn't reached the expected targets according to the promising preclinical studies. It is therefore obvious that the consumption of foods demonstrating antiplatelet activity may be a less drastic but on the other hand a more sustainable way of achieving daily antiplatelet therapy, either alone or in combination with antiplatelet drugs. Olive oil is probably the main cardioprotective component of the Mediterranean Diet according to the results of observational and dietary intervention studies. Among all phytochemicals of olive oil, its unique phenolics seems to be responsible for the majority of its cardioprotective properties. This review article aims to highlight the platelet modulating roles of olive oil polyphenols, trying to critically assess whether those properties could partially explain the cardioprotective role of olive oil. The cellular and animal studies clearly show that extra virging olive oil (EVOO) phenolics, mainly hydroxytyrosol, are able to inhibit the activation of platelets induced by several endogenous agonists and pathologies. However, the outcomes of the pre-clinical studies are difficult to be translated to humans mainly because the dosages and the chemical forms of the phenolics used to these studies are much higher and different to that found in human circulation. Despite the heterogeneity of the few human trials on the field so far, the results are promising showing that EVOO can exert antiplatelet actions in real, acute or long-term, trials and at least part of this antiplatelet action can be attributed to the phenolic content of EVOOs. Although we clearly need better, well-powered studies to give certain answers on this field the antiplatelet properties of olive oil phenolics is a promising, emerging mechanism which may explain some of the health properties of EVOO and the Mediterranean Diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Efthymia Katsa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 176 76 Athens, Greece
| | - Tzortzis Nomikos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 176 76 Athens, Greece
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Relationship between the Soluble F11 Receptor and Annexin A5 in African Americans Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081818. [PMID: 36009365 PMCID: PMC9405000 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, increased thrombogenicity, and inflammation. The soluble human F11 receptor (sF11R) and annexin A5 (ANXA5) play crucial roles in inflammatory thrombosis and atherosclerosis. We examined the relationship between circulating sF11R and ANXA5 and their impact on endothelial function. The study included 125 patients with T2DM. Plasma levels of sF11R and ANXA5 were quantified by ELISA. Microvascular function was assessed using the vascular reactivity index (VRI). Large artery stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was assessed by B-mode ultrasound imaging. The mean age of patients in the study was 59.7 ± 7.8 years, 78% had hypertension, 76% had dyslipidemia, and 12% had CKD. sF11R correlated positively with ANXA5 levels (β = 0.250, p = 0.005), and correlated inversely with VRI and total nitic oxide (NO), (β = −0.201, p = 0.024; β = −0.357, p = 0.0001, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that sF11R was independently associated with ANXA5 in the total population and in patients with HbA1c > 6.5% (β = 0.366, p = 0.007; β = 0.425, p = 0.0001, respectively). sF11R and ANXA5 were not associated with vascular outcome, suggesting that they may not be reliable markers of vascular dysfunction in diabetes. The clinical significance of sF11R/ANXA5 association in diabetes warrants further investigation in a larger population.
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160
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Zhou J, Wang X, Liu K, Chen K. Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Endocr J 2022; 69:839-846. [PMID: 35185091 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence about the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is inconsistent and contradictory. This study attempted to investigate this association in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population and analyze the joint effects of Hp infection and some risk factors on T2DM. Following a cross-sectional design, participants were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in Hefei City, China. Hp status was measured using a 14C urea breath test. A total of 1,288 participants, including 90 diabetic patients and 1,198 nondiabetic subjects, were recruited in the current study. The participants with T2DM had a greater prevalence of Hp infection than participants without T2DM (26.67% versus 18.11%, p = 0.045). Furthermore, we found that Hp infection was closely associated with an incremental risk of T2DM [odds ratio (OR) = 1.77, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.04-3.00] after adjustment for potential confounders. In addition, we observed that the participants who were Hp-positive and ≥60 years old (OR = 9.16, 95% CI: 3.29-25.52), Hp-positive and obese (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.57-7.14) or Hp-positive and hypertensive (OR = 6.10, 95% CI: 3.10-12.01) had a significantly higher risk for T2DM than those who were Hp-negative and ≤50 years old, Hp-negative and nonobese or Hp-negative and nonhypertensive. These findings imply that Hp infection is associated with an increased risk of T2DM in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. The association could be further elevated by the combination of Hp infection and some traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Kaiyong Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Keyang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
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161
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Kikuchi Y, Oyama K, Yoshida T, Naruse D, Tsutsui M, Kunioka S, Wakabayashi N, Kamiya H. Insulin therapy maintains the performance of PVA-coated PCL grafts in a diabetic rat model. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5208-5215. [PMID: 35894180 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00531j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vascular tissue engineering has shown promising results in "healthy" animal models. However, studies on the efficacy of artificial grafts under "pathological conditions" are limited. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to characterize the performance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-coated poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) grafts (PVA-PCL grafts) under diabetic conditions. To this end, PCL grafts were produced via electrospinning and coated with the hydrophilic PVA polymer, while a diabetic rat model (DM) was established via streptozotocin injection. Thereafter, the performance of the graft in the infrarenal abdominal aorta of the rats was evaluated in vivo. Thus, we observed that the healthy group showed CD31 positive/αSM positive cells in the graft lumen. Further, the patency rate of the PVA-PCL graft was 100% at 2 weeks (n = 7), while all the DM rats (n = 8) showed occluded grafts. However, the treatment of DM rats with neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin (tDM) significantly improved the patency rate (100%; n = 5). Furthermore, the intimal coverage rate corresponding to the tDM group was comparable to that of the healthy group at 2 weeks (tDM vs. healthy: 16.1% vs. 14.7%, p = 0.931). Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the performance of the PVA-PCL grafts was impaired in DM rats; however, insulin treatment reversed this impairment. These findings highlighted the importance of using a model that more closely resembles the cases that are encountered in clinical practice to achieve a clinically applicable vascular graft with a small diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kikuchi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Kyohei Oyama
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Takumi Yoshida
- Life Materials Development Section, Human Life Technology Research Institute, Toyama Industrial Technology Research and Development Center, Toyama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Naruse
- Business Development section, Business Development and Quality Control Department, Iaazaj Holdings Co., Ltd, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Shingo Kunioka
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Naohiro Wakabayashi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
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162
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The Role of Platelets in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158270. [PMID: 35955405 PMCID: PMC9368651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is among the most common microvascular complications in patients with diabetes, and it currently accounts for the majority of end-stage kidney disease cases worldwide. The pathogenesis of DKD is complex and multifactorial, including systemic and intra-renal inflammatory and coagulation processes. Activated platelets play a pivotal role in inflammation, coagulation, and fibrosis. Mounting evidence shows that platelets play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of DKD. The potentially beneficial effects of antiplatelet agents in preventing progression of DKD has been studied in animal models and clinical trials. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of platelets in DKD, including the potential therapeutic effects of antiplatelet therapies.
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163
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Malheiro A, Seijas-Gamardo A, Harichandan A, Mota C, Wieringa P, Moroni L. Development of an In Vitro Biomimetic Peripheral Neurovascular Platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31567-31585. [PMID: 35815638 PMCID: PMC9305708 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nerves and blood vessels are present in most organs and are indispensable for their function and homeostasis. Within these organs, neurovascular (NV) tissue forms congruent patterns and establishes vital interactions. Several human pathologies, including diabetes type II, produce NV disruptions with serious consequences that are complicated to study using animal models. Complex in vitro organ platforms, with neural and vascular supply, allow the investigation of such interactions, whether in a normal or pathological context, in an affordable, simple, and direct manner. To date, a few in vitro models contain NV tissue, and most strategies report models with nonbiomimetic representations of the native environment. To this end, we have established here an NV platform that contains mature vasculature and neural tissue, composed of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs), induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs)-derived sensory neurons, and primary rat Schwann cells (SCs) within a fibrin-embedded polymeric scaffold. First, we show that SCs can induce the formation of and stabilize vascular networks to the same degree as the traditional and more thoroughly studied human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). We also show that through SC prepatterning, we are able to control vessel orientation. Using our NV platform, we demonstrate the concomitant formation of three-dimensional neural and vascular tissue, and the influence of different medium formulations and cell types on the NV tissue outcome. Finally, we propose a protocol to form mature NV tissue, via the integration of independent neural and vascular constituents. The platform described here provides a versatile and advanced model for in vitro research of the NV axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afonso Malheiro
- Complex Tissue Regeneration
Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Adrián Seijas-Gamardo
- Complex Tissue Regeneration
Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abhishek Harichandan
- Complex Tissue Regeneration
Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Mota
- Complex Tissue Regeneration
Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Wieringa
- Complex Tissue Regeneration
Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration
Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands
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164
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Investigation of the correlation between diabetic retinopathy and prevalent and incident migraine in a national cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12443. [PMID: 35859157 PMCID: PMC9300720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a disease characterized by cerebral vasodilation. While diabetes has previously been associated with a lower risk of migraine, it is not known if diabetic retinopathy (DR), a retinal peripheral vascular occlusive disease, is a potential biomarker of protection against migraine. Therefore, we aimed to examine diabetic retinopathy as a marker of prevalent and 5-year incident migraine. In a national cohort, we compared patients with diabetes attending DR screening from The Danish National Registry of Diabetic Retinopathy (cases, n = 205,970) to an age- and gender-matched group of patients without diabetes (controls, n = 1,003,170). In the cross-sectional study, a multivariable model demonstrated a lower prevalence of migraine among cases compared with controls (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.81–0.85), with a lower risk in cases with DR than in those without (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.65–0.72). In the prospective study, a lower risk of incident migraine was found in a multivariable model in cases (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.70–0.82), but this did not depend upon the presence of DR. To conclude, in a national study of more than 1.2 million people, patients screened for DR had a lower risk of present migraine, but DR was not a protective marker of incident migraine.
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165
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Study on Influencing Factors of Radial Artery Occlusion after Repeated Right Radial Artery Coronary Intervention. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:9624339. [PMID: 35924069 PMCID: PMC9308537 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9624339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the risk factors of radial artery obstruction after repeated right radial coronary interventions. Methods 497 patients who underwent repeated coronary intervention via the right radial artery in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2021 were selected and followed up for 28.07 ± 6.07 months. According to whether the right radial artery was obstructed or not, they were divided into radial artery occlusion group (n = 48) and nonradial artery occlusion group (n = 449). Results The proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus, elevated D-dimer, and elevated LDL cholesterol was higher in the radial artery occlusion group than in the nonradial artery occlusion group (p < 0.05). The radial artery occlusion group had more passage through the right radial artery often and had a longer cumulative sheath retention time than the radial artery occlusion group (p < 0.05). Cumulative sheath retention time (hours) had a high predictive value for radial artery occlusion. The optimal diagnostic limit for radial artery occlusion was 2.75 h, with a sensitivity of 77.1% and a specificity of 79.5% (p < 0.05). Conclusion Diabetes mellitus, elevated D-dimer, elevated LDL cholesterol, and long retention sheath time predispose to radial artery occlusion. Cumulative duration of sheath retention is a predictor of radial artery occlusion.
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166
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Yang XH, Zhang BL, Cheng Y, Fu SK, Jin HM. Association of the Coexistence of Somnipathy and Diabetes With the Risks of Cardiovascular Disease Events, Stroke, and All‐Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e024783. [PMID: 35861844 PMCID: PMC9707815 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.024783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background
Somnipathy and diabetes are independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, whether a combination of both conditions is associated with a higher risk of CVD events remains uncertain. Therefore, the aim of this meta‐analysis was to clarify this association.
Methods and Results
We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE,
ClinicalTrials.gov
, and the Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials. We included randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized trials, and prospective observational cohort studies that assessed the combined effect of diabetes and comorbid somnipathy on CVD risk and mortality for at least 1 year. Outcomes included CVD, coronary heart disease, stroke, and all‐cause mortality. Twelve studies involving 582 267 participants were included in the meta‐analysis. Patients with somnipathy and comorbid diabetes exhibited increased risks of CVD, coronary heart disease, stroke, and all‐cause mortality (risk ratio [RR], 1.27 [95% CI, 1.12–1.45],
P
<0.0001; RR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.21–1.62],
P
<0.0001; RR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.08–1.52],
P
=0.004, and RR, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.26–1.94],
P
<0.0001, respectively).
Conclusions
The coexistence of somnipathy and diabetes is associated with higher risks of CVD, coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality than somnipathy or diabetes alone. Resolving sleep problems in patients with diabetes may reduce the risks of CVD, stroke, and mortality.
Registration Information
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/
. Identifier: PROSPERO CRD42021274566.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Hong Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Shanghai China
| | - Bao Long Zhang
- The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences (IBS) Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Shanghai China
| | - Shun Kun Fu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Shanghai China
| | - Hui Min Jin
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Shanghai China
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167
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Tissue Engineering Approaches to Uncover Therapeutic Targets for Endothelial Dysfunction in Pathological Microenvironments. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137416. [PMID: 35806421 PMCID: PMC9266895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell dysfunction plays a central role in many pathologies, rendering it crucial to understand the underlying mechanism for potential therapeutics. Tissue engineering offers opportunities for in vitro studies of endothelial dysfunction in pathological mimicry environments. Here, we begin by analyzing hydrogel biomaterials as a platform for understanding the roles of the extracellular matrix and hypoxia in vascular formation. We next examine how three-dimensional bioprinting has been applied to recapitulate healthy and diseased tissue constructs in a highly controllable and patient-specific manner. Similarly, studies have utilized organs-on-a-chip technology to understand endothelial dysfunction's contribution to pathologies in tissue-specific cellular components under well-controlled physicochemical cues. Finally, we consider studies using the in vitro construction of multicellular blood vessels, termed tissue-engineered blood vessels, and the spontaneous assembly of microvascular networks in organoids to delineate pathological endothelial dysfunction.
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168
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Cheung CMG, Fawzi A, Teo KY, Fukuyama H, Sen S, Tsai WS, Sivaprasad S. Diabetic macular ischaemia- a new therapeutic target? Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 89:101033. [PMID: 34902545 PMCID: PMC11268431 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.101033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic macular ischaemia (DMI) is traditionally defined and graded based on the angiographic evidence of an enlarged and irregular foveal avascular zone. However, these anatomical changes are not surrogate markers for visual impairment. We postulate that there are vascular phenotypes of DMI based on the relative perfusion deficits of various retinal capillary plexuses and choriocapillaris. This review highlights several mechanistic pathways, including the role of hypoxia and the complex relation between neurons, glia, and microvasculature. The current animal models are reviewed, with shortcomings noted. Therefore, utilising the advancing technology of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to identify the reversible DMI phenotypes may be the key to successful therapeutic interventions for DMI. However, there is a need to standardise the nomenclature of OCTA perfusion status. Visual acuity is not an ideal endpoint for DMI clinical trials. New trial endpoints that represent disease progression need to be developed before irreversible vision loss in patients with DMI. Natural history studies are required to determine the course of each vascular and neuronal parameter to define the DMI phenotypes. These DMI phenotypes may also partly explain the development and recurrence of diabetic macular oedema. It is also currently unclear where and how DMI fits into the diabetic retinopathy severity scales, further highlighting the need to better define the progression of diabetic retinopathy and DMI based on both multimodal imaging and visual function. Finally, we discuss a complete set of proposed therapeutic pathways for DMI, including cell-based therapies that may provide restorative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
- Singapore Eye Research Institution, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kelvin Yc Teo
- Singapore Eye Research Institution, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | | | | | - Wei-Shan Tsai
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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169
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, is a global pandemic impacting 254 million people in 190 countries. Comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension, increase the risk of infection and poor outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 enters host cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor, generating inflammation and cytokine storm, often resulting in multiorgan failure. The mechanisms and effects of COVID-19 on patients with high-risk diabetes are not yet completely understood. In this review, we discuss the variety of coronaviruses, structure of SARS-CoV-2, mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, receptors associated with viral host entry, and disease progression. Furthermore, we focus on possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in diabetes, leading to inflammation and heart failure. Finally, we discuss existing therapeutic approaches, unanswered questions, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
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170
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Man B, Hu C, Yang G, Xiang J, Yang S, Ma C. Berberine attenuates diabetic atherosclerosis via enhancing the interplay between KLF16 and PPARα in ApoE−/− mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 624:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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171
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Söbü E, Demir Yenigürbüz F, Özçora GDK, Köle MT. Evaluation of the Impact of Glycemic Control on Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Activation in Children with Type 1 Diabetes. J Trop Pediatr 2022; 68:6652858. [PMID: 35920158 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The studies evaluating cases with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the adult population reported hyperreactive platelets and increased activation of prothrombotic factors, resulting in an increased risk of thrombosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of poor glycemic control and the duration of diabetes on platelet parameters in pediatric population. METHODS The study included 366 children, out of which 144 (39.3%) were included in the T1DM group and 222 (60.6%) in the healthy control group. The platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width and plateletcrit values were recorded. The children with T1DM were divided into three groups as per their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, good (<7.5%), moderate (7.5-9%) and poor metabolic control (>9%). RESULTS No significant difference in the MPV level between the T1DM (7.41 ± 1.49 fl) and control (7.15 ± 1.23 fl) groups was observed. However, the MPV levels were significantly higher in the poor glycemic control group than in the healthy control group (p = 0.026). Furthermore, as the duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels increased, the MPV levels also increased (p < 0.001, p = 0.441). CONCLUSION This study suggested as the duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels increased, the MPV levels also increases. Evaluation of hematological parameters can be a cheap and useful method in the evaluation of diabetes regulation in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Söbü
- Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul 34890, Turkey
| | - Fatma Demir Yenigürbüz
- Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology, İstanbul 34662, Turkey
| | - Gül Demet Kaya Özçora
- Hasan Kalyoncu University, Faculty of Medical Sciences Department Pediatric Neurology, Gaziantep 27010, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tolga Köle
- Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul 34890, Turkey
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172
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Relationships between diabetes-related vascular risk factors and neurodegeneration biomarkers in healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 118:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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173
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Bays HE, Kulkarni A, German C, Satish P, Iluyomade A, Dudum R, Thakkar A, Rifai MA, Mehta A, Thobani A, Al-Saiegh Y, Nelson AJ, Sheth S, Toth PP. Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors - 2022. Am J Prev Cardiol 2022; 10:100342. [PMID: 35517870 PMCID: PMC9061634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The American Society for Preventive Cardiology (ASPC) "Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors - 2022" is a summary document regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This 2022 update provides summary tables of ten things to know about 10 CVD risk factors and builds upon the foundation of prior annual versions of "Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors" published since 2020. This 2022 version provides the perspective of ASPC members and includes updated sentinel references (i.e., applicable guidelines and select reviews) for each CVD risk factor section. The ten CVD risk factors include unhealthful dietary intake, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, pre-diabetes/diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, considerations of select populations (older age, race/ethnicity, and sex differences), thrombosis (with smoking as a potential contributor to thrombosis), kidney dysfunction and genetics/familial hypercholesterolemia. Other CVD risk factors may be relevant, beyond the CVD risk factors discussed here. However, it is the intent of the ASPC "Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors - 2022" to provide a tabular overview of things to know about ten of the most common CVD risk factors applicable to preventive cardiology and provide ready access to applicable guidelines and sentinel reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold E Bays
- Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 3288 Illinois Avenue, Louisville KY 40213
| | - Anandita Kulkarni
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, 200 Morris Street, Durham, NC, 27701
| | - Charles German
- University of Chicago, Section of Cardiology, 5841 South Maryland Ave, MC 6080, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Priyanka Satish
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA 77030
| | - Adedapo Iluyomade
- Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL 33176
| | - Ramzi Dudum
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Aarti Thakkar
- Osler Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore MD
| | | | - Anurag Mehta
- Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Aneesha Thobani
- Emory University School of Medicine | Department of Cardiology, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 2125, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Yousif Al-Saiegh
- Lankenau Medical Center – Mainline Health, Department of Cardiovascular Disease, 100 E Lancaster Ave, Wynnewood, PA 19096
| | - Adam J Nelson
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Cardiovascular Division, Baylor Scott and White Health Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, TX 75093
| | - Samip Sheth
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007
| | - Peter P. Toth
- CGH Medical Cener, Sterling, IL 61081
- Cicarrone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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174
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High level of lncRNA NR2F1-AS1 predict the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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175
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Effects of Baru Almond Oil ( Dipteryx alata Vog.) Treatment on Thrombotic Processes, Platelet Aggregation, and Vascular Function in Aorta Arteries. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102098. [PMID: 35631239 PMCID: PMC9143840 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study assessed the effects of Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) almond oil supplementation on vascular function, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation in aorta arteries of Wistar rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were allocated into three groups. The control group (n = 6), a Baru group receiving Baru almond oil at 7.2 mL/kg/day (BG 7.2 mL/kg, n = 6), and (iii) a Baru group receiving Baru almond oil at 14.4 mL/kg/day (BG 14.4 mL/kg, n = 6). Baru oil was administered for ten days. Platelet aggregation, thrombus formation, vascular function, and reactive oxygen species production were evaluated at the end of treatment. Results: Baru oil supplementation reduced platelet aggregation (p < 0.05) and the production of the superoxide anion radical in platelets (p < 0.05). Additionally, Baru oil supplementation exerted an antithrombotic effect (p < 0.05) and improved the vascular function of aorta arteries (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings showed that Baru oil reduced platelet aggregation, reactive oxygen species production, and improved vascular function, suggesting it to be a functional oil with great potential to act as a novel product for preventing and treating cardiovascular disease.
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176
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English CJ, Mayr HL, Lohning AE, Reidlinger DP. The association between dietary patterns and the novel inflammatory markers platelet-activating factor and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2022; 80:1371-1391. [PMID: 34651191 PMCID: PMC9086773 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Atherosclerosis is a disease of chronic inflammation. Recent research has identified 2 novel inflammatory biomarkers: platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Diet has been proposed as a mediator of inflammation, but to date, the focus for these novel biomarkers has been on individual foods and nutrients rather than overall dietary patterns. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature on the association between dietary patterns and PAF and Lp-PLA2. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL literature databases were searched. DATA ANALYSIS Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Criteria Checklist. Sixteen studies (n = 4 observational and n = 12 interventional) were included and assessed for associations between dietary patterns and PAF and Lp-PLA2. CONCLUSION Study quality varied from neutral (n = 10) to positive (n = 6). Mediterranean, heart healthy, and vegetarian dietary patterns were associated with improved levels of PAF and Lp-PLA2. Conversely, Western dietary patterns were less favorable. A range of well-established, healthier dietary patterns may lower inflammation and the risk of atherosclerosis. More well-designed studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify other dietary patterns that improve inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J English
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hannah L Mayr
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina , Queensland, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna E Lohning
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dianne P Reidlinger
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
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Vandercappellen EJ, Koster A, Savelberg HHCM, Eussen SJPM, Dagnelie PC, Schaper NC, Schram MT, van der Kallen CJH, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Wesselius A, Schalkwijk CG, Kroon AA, Henry RMA, Stehouwer CDA. Sedentary behaviour and physical activity are associated with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation-relevance for (pre)diabetes: The Maastricht Study. Diabetologia 2022; 65:777-789. [PMID: 35119485 PMCID: PMC8960649 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05651-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation are important in the pathogenesis of CVD and can potentially be modified by physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Effects of physical activity on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction may be especially prominent in type 2 diabetes. METHODS In the population-based Maastricht Study (n = 2363, 51.5% male, 28.3% type 2 diabetes, 15.1% prediabetes [defined as impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose]), we determined biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation, and combined z scores were calculated. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured by activPAL. Linear regression analyses were used with adjustment for demographic, lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS The association between total, light, moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous intensity physical activity and sedentary time on the one hand and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction on the other were generally significant and were consistently stronger in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as compared with normal glucose metabolism status (p for interaction <0.05). Associations between physical activity and sedentary behaviour on the one hand and low-grade inflammation on the other were also significant and were similar in individuals with and without (pre)diabetes (p for interaction >0.05). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Physical activity and sedentary behaviour are associated with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation. For biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, associations between physical activity and sedentary behaviour were consistently stronger in (pre)diabetes than in normal glucose metabolism. Whether increasing physical activity or decreasing sedentary time can positively influence biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien J Vandercappellen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans H C M Savelberg
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda T Schram
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MHeNS School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carla J H van der Kallen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen M J van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Wesselius
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Abraham A Kroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald M A Henry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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178
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Sabe SA, Feng J, Sellke FW, Abid MR. Mechanisms and clinical implications of endothelium-dependent vasomotor dysfunction in coronary microvasculature. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H819-H841. [PMID: 35333122 PMCID: PMC9018047 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00603.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular disease (CMD), which affects the arterioles and capillary endothelium that regulate myocardial perfusion, is an increasingly recognized source of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the setting of metabolic syndrome. The coronary endothelium plays a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, though factors such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity can contribute to endothelial injury and consequently arteriolar vasomotor dysfunction. These disturbances in the coronary microvasculature clinically manifest as diminished coronary flow reserve, which is a known independent risk factor for cardiac death, even in the absence of macrovascular atherosclerotic disease. Therefore, a growing body of literature has examined the molecular mechanisms by which coronary microvascular injury occurs at the level of the endothelium and the consequences on arteriolar vasomotor responses. This review will begin with an overview of normal coronary microvascular physiology, modalities of measuring coronary microvascular function, and clinical implications of CMD. These introductory topics will be followed by a discussion of recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms by which inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, shear stress, endothelial cell senescence, and tissue ischemia dysregulate coronary endothelial homeostasis and arteriolar vasomotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif A Sabe
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jun Feng
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - M Ruhul Abid
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
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179
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Sagar RC, Ajjan RA, Naseem KM. Non-Traditional Pathways for Platelet Pathophysiology in Diabetes: Implications for Future Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094973. [PMID: 35563363 PMCID: PMC9104718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with diabetes, driven by interlinked metabolic, inflammatory, and thrombotic changes. Hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance/deficiency, dyslipidaemia, and associated oxidative stress have been linked to abnormal platelet function leading to hyperactivity, and thus increasing vascular thrombotic risk. However, emerging evidence suggests platelets also contribute to low-grade inflammation and additionally possess the ability to interact with circulating immune cells, further driving vascular thrombo-inflammatory pathways. This narrative review highlights the role of platelets in inflammatory and immune processes beyond typical thrombotic effects and the impact these mechanisms have on cardiovascular disease in diabetes. We discuss pathways for platelet-induced inflammation and how platelet reprogramming in diabetes contributes to the high cardiovascular risk that characterises this population. Fully understanding the mechanistic pathways for platelet-induced vascular pathology will allow for the development of more effective management strategies that deal with the causes rather than the consequences of platelet function abnormalities in diabetes.
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180
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A raising dawn of pentoxifylline in management of inflammatory disorders in Covid-19. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:799-809. [PMID: 35486310 PMCID: PMC9051499 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The existing pandemic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). SARS-CoV-2 exploits angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as an entry-point into affected cells and down-regulation of ACE2 by this virus triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of angiotensin II. These changes may lead to hypercytokinemia and the development of cytokine storm with the development of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Different repurposed had been in use in the management of Covid-19, one of these agents is pentoxifylline (PTX) which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, the objective of the present mini-review is to highlight the potential role of PTX in Covid-19 regarding its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. PTX is a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor that increases intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate which stimulates protein kinase A and inhibits leukotriene and tumor necrosis factor. PTX has antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, thus it may attenuate SARS-CoV-2-induced hyperinflammation and related complications. As well, PTX can reduce hyper-viscosity and coagulopathy in Covid-19 through increasing red blood cell deformability and inhibition of platelet aggregations. In conclusion, PTX is a non-selective phosphodiesterase drug, that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects thereby can reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection-hyperinflammation and oxidative stress. Besides, PTX improves red blood cells (RBCs) deformability and reduces blood viscosity so can mitigate Covid-19-induced hyper-viscosity and RBCs hyper-aggregation which is linked with the development of coagulopathy. Taken together, PTX seems to be an effective agent against Covid-19 severity.
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Cao D, Wang Y, Li W, Ji J, Guo J, Zhang D, Liu J. 3,4‑Dihydroxyacetophenone attenuates oxidative stress‑induced damage to HUVECs via regulation of the Nrf2/HO‑1 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:199. [PMID: 35475506 PMCID: PMC9073850 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that oxidative stress plays a prominent role in diabetic macrovascular diseases. 3,4-Dihydroxyacetophenone (3,4-DHAP) has been found to have a variety of biological activities. However, few studies have assessed the antioxidant capacity of 3,4-DHAP and the underlying mechanisms. Thus, the aim of the present study was to explore the effects of 3,4-DHAP on oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were pre-treated with 3,4-DHAP and then exposed to high glucose conditions. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were measured using an MTT assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured using an inverted fluorescence microscope and a fluorescent enzyme labeling instrument. Protein expression levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) were measured using western blotting, and mRNA expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 were measured through reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Nrf2 nuclear translocation was evaluated using immunofluorescence analysis and autophagosomes were observed using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results of the present study demonstrated that compared with the control group, cell viability of the high glucose group was reduced and cell cytotoxicity of the high glucose group was increased. ROS production in the high glucose group was clearly enhanced. In addition, high glucose upregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 protein and mRNA expression levels. Nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the high glucose group was also increased. The formation of autophagosomes in the high glucose group was also higher than that in the control group. Furthermore, LC3-II/LC3-I and PARP-1 protein expression levels were increased after treatment with high glucose. However, compared to the high glucose group, 3,4-DHAP (10 µmol/l) significantly enhanced cell viability. 3,4-DHAP markedly decreased the production of ROS, increased Nrf2 and HO-1 protein and mRNA expression levels, and promoted nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in HUVECs. In addition, 3,4-DHAP promoted the formation of autophagosomes, and notably increased the protein expression levels of LC3-II/LC3-I and PARP-1. Moreover, it was determined that compared to the 3,4-DHAP group, treatment with 3,4-DHAP and ML385 enhanced cell viability, and decreased ROS production, Nrf2 and HO-1 protein and mRNA expression levels, nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and LC3-II/LC3-I and PARP-1 protein expression levels. Collectively, the results of the present study showed that 3,4-DHAP protected HUVECs against oxidative stress via regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, by increasing autophagy and promoting DNA damage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daihong Cao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yunhan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jiafen Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Juntang Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Daijuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jiangyue Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
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Feng WH, Chang YC, Lin YH, Chen HL, Chang HM, Chu CS. Comparative Efficacy and Safety of P2Y12 Inhibitor Monotherapy and Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4549. [PMID: 35562942 PMCID: PMC9099862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy is a feasible alternative treatment for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation in the modern era. However, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher risk of ischemic events and more complex coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this novel approach among patients with DM and those without DM. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compared P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy with 12 months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients who underwent PCI with stent implantation. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library database, ClinicalTrials.gov, and three other websites were searched for our data from the earliest report to January 2022. The primary efficacy outcome was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE): a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and stroke. The primary safety outcome was major or minor bleeding events. The secondary endpoint was net adverse clinical events (NACE) which are defined as a composite of major bleeding and adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. A total of four randomized controlled trials with 29,136 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The quantitative analysis showed a significant reduction in major or minor bleeding events in patients treated with P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy compared to standard DAPT (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46-0.99, p = 0.04) without increasing the risk of MACCE (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.85-1.09, p = 0.50). The number of NACE was significantly lower in the patients treated with P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.97, p = 0.019). In DM patients, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy was associated with a lower risk of MACCE compared to standard DAPT (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.98, p = 0.02). Furthermore, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy was accompanied by a favorable reduction in major or minor bleeding events (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.64-1.05, p = 0.107). In non-DM patients, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy showed a significant reduction in major or minor bleeding events (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.88, p = 0.01), but without increasing the risk of MACCE (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.82-1.19, p = 0.89). Based on these findings, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy could significantly decrease bleeding events without increasing the risk of stent thrombosis or myocardial infarction in the general population. The benefit of reducing bleeding events was much more significant in non-DM patients than in DM patients. Surprisingly, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy could lower the risk of MACCE in DM patients. Our study supports that P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy is a promising alternative choice of medical treatment for patients with DM undergoing PCI with stent implantation in the modern era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Han Feng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan;
| | - Yong-Chieh Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (H.-L.C.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Yi-Hsiung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan;
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (H.-L.C.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (H.-L.C.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Chih-Sheng Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan;
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Yang S, Cheng R, Xu X, Zhang R, Zhao Y, Shi X, Gao J, Yu F, Ren X. Periodontitis exacerbates endothelial dysfunctions partly via endothelial-mesenchymal transition in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:660-669. [PMID: 35435999 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontal infections are related to the expansion of diabetes cardiovascular problems. However, the pathological process and probable mechanism remain unexplained. This study investigated the impact of periodontitis on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats' carotid artery. METHODS We randomized 24 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats into four groups: control, chronic periodontitis (CP), diabetes mellitus (DM), and DM +CP groups. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c ) were measured to verify the establishment of the DM model. After euthanasia, the maxillary was collected for further studies like hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson staining, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was used to detect endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT)-related markers in carotid artery wall. We further used ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR to investigate the effect of high glucose (HG) and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g-LPS) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS Compared with DM and CP groups, bone resorption and pathological changes of the vascular wall were the most serious in the DM+CP group. The vascular wall of the DM+CP group had a higher level of interleukin (IL)-6 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). The carotid artery vascular wall of the DM+CP group contained more cells that expressed both mesenchymal and endothelial cell markers, along with elevated transcription factor levels. Furthermore, P.g-LPS and HG upregulated the inflammatory cytokines expression and caused phenotypic changes of HUVECs in vitro. CONCLUSION Periodontitis exacerbates endothelial dysfunctions partly via endothelial-mesenchymal transition in STZ-induced diabetes rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Yang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xuexue Shi
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinhua Gao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feiyan Yu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiuyun Ren
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
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184
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Insulin Resistance Is Cheerfully Hitched with Hypertension. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040564. [PMID: 35455055 PMCID: PMC9028820 DOI: 10.3390/life12040564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have risen steadily worldwide, particularly in low-income and developing countries. In the last hundred years, deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases increased rapidly to 35–40%, becoming the most common cause of mortality worldwide. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is aggravated by hypertension. Hypertension and diabetes are closely interlinked since they have similar risk factors such as endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, arterial remodeling, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Patients with high blood pressure often show insulin resistance and have a higher risk of developing diabetes than normotensive individuals. It has been observed that over the last 30 years, the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) has increased significantly. Accordingly, hypertension and insulin resistance are strongly related to an increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and endocrine disorders. Common mechanisms, for instance, upregulation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the immune system, possibly have a role in the association between diabetes and hypertension. Altogether these abnormalities significantly increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
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185
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Xie X. WELL-POSEDNESS OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DIABETIC ATHEROSCLEROSIS WITH ADVANCED GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS. APPLICABLE ANALYSIS 2022; 101:3989-4013. [PMID: 36188356 PMCID: PMC9524361 DOI: 10.1080/00036811.2022.2060210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death worldwide; it emerges as a result of multiple dynamical cell processes including hemodynamics, endothelial damage, innate immunity and sterol biochemistry. Making matters worse, nearly 463 million people have diabetes, which increases atherosclerosis-related inflammation, diabetic patients are twice as likely to have a heart attack or stroke. The pathophysiology of diabetic vascular disease is generally understood. Dyslipidemia with increased levels of atherogenic LDL, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and increased inflammation are factors that increase the risk and accelerate development of atherosclerosis. In a recent paper [53], we have developed mathematical model that includes the effect of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance on plaque growth. In this paper, we propose a more comprehensive mathematical model for diabetic atherosclerosis which include more variables; in particular it includes the variable for Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs)concentration. Hyperglycemia trigger vascular damage by forming AGEs, which are not easily metabolized and may accelerate the progression of vascular disease in diabetic patients. The model is given by a system of partial differential equations with a free boundary. We also establish local existence and uniqueness of solution to the model. The methodology is to use Hanzawa transformation to reduce the free boundary to a fixed boundary and reduce the system of partial differential equations to an abstract evolution equation in Banach spaces, and apply the theory of analytic semigroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Xie
- Department of Mathematics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251
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186
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Barrea L, Caprio M, Watanabe M, Cammarata G, Feraco A, Muscogiuri G, Verde L, Colao A, Savastano S. Could very low-calorie ketogenic diets turn off low grade inflammation in obesity? Emerging evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8320-8336. [PMID: 35373658 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2054935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an emerging non-communicable disease associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress, compounded by the development of many obesity-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and a range of cancers. Originally developed for the treatment of epilepsy in drug non-responder children, the ketogenic diet (KD) is being increasingly used in the treatment of many diseases, including obesity and obesity-related conditions. The KD is a dietary pattern characterized by high fat intake, moderate to low protein consumption, and very low carbohydrate intake (<50 g) that has proved to be an effective and weight-loss tool. In addition, it also appears to be a dietary intervention capable of improving the inflammatory state and oxidative stress in individuals with obesity by means of several mechanisms. The main activity of the KD has been linked to improving mitochondrial function and decreasing oxidative stress. β-hydroxybutyrate, the most studied ketone body, has been shown to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species, improving mitochondrial respiration. In addition, KDs exert anti-inflammatory activity through several mechanisms, e.g., by inhibiting activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, and the inflammatory nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3, and inhibiting histone deacetylases. Given the rising interest in the topic, this review looks at the underlying anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms of KDs and their possible recruitment in the treatment of obesity and obesity-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Napoli, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mikiko Watanabe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cammarata
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI) and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Feraco
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
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187
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Cognitive impairment in the elderly: the need for a comprehensive approach. ASIAN BIOMED 2022; 16:53-54. [PMID: 37551284 PMCID: PMC10321174 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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188
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Basak S, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Dietary Fats and the Gut Microbiota: Their impacts on lipid-induced metabolic syndrome. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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189
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Mao W, Fan Y, Wang X, Feng G, You Y, Li H, Chen Y, Yang J, Weng H, Shen X. Phloretin ameliorates diabetes-induced endothelial injury through AMPK-dependent anti-EndMT pathway. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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190
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Chang CR, Astell-Burt T, Russell BM, Francois ME. Personalising activity to target peak hyperglycaemia and improve cardiometabolic health in people with type 2 diabetes: protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057183. [PMID: 35351723 PMCID: PMC8966572 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The benefits of physical activity for glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D) are well-known. However, whether established glycaemic and cardiovascular benefits can be maximised by exercising at a certain time of day is unknown. Given postprandial glucose peaks contribute to worsening glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and cardiovascular risk factors, and that exercise immediately lowers blood glucose, prescribing exercise at a specific time of day to attenuate peak hyperglycaemia may improve glycaemic control and reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in people with T2D. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A single-centre randomised controlled trial will be conducted by the University of Wollongong, Australia. Individuals with T2D (n=70, aged 40-75 years, body mass index (BMI): 27-40 kg/m2) will be recruited and randomly allocated (1:1), stratified for sex and insulin, to one of three groups: (1) exercise at time of peak hyperglycaemia (ExPeak, personalised), (2) exercise not at time of peak hyperglycaemia (NonPeak) or (3) waitlist control (WLC, standard care). The trial will be 5 months, comprising an 8-week intervention and 3-month follow-up. Primary outcome is the change in HbA1c preintervention to postintervention. Secondary outcomes include vascular function (endothelial function and arterial stiffness), metabolic control (blood lipids and inflammation) and body composition (anthropometrics and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)). Tertiary outcomes will examine adherence. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The joint UOW and ISLHD Ethics Committee approved protocol (2019/ETH09856) prospectively registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. Written informed consent will be obtained from all eligible individuals prior to commencement of the trial. Study results will be published as peer-reviewed articles, presented at national/international conferences and media reports. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12619001049167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Chang
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health,University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas Astell-Burt
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, School of Science and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brooke M Russell
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health,University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Monique E Francois
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health,University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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191
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Zhang Y, Zhou H. Hyper-reactive platelets and type 2 diabetes. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:374-383. [PMID: 35545331 PMCID: PMC10930063 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive process. With the course of the disease progress, microvascular and macrovascular complications always happen. Thrombotic events caused by macrovascular complications, including coronary heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, are the main fatal factor for the patients with type 2 diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction, coagulative activation, impaired fibrinolysis, together with hyper-reactive platelets contribute to the diabetic prothrombotic state, which is strongly related to the macrovascular complications. In particular, the hyper-reactive platelets play a fundamental role among them. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by several metabolic dysfunctions such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and shortage, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, obesity, and dyslipidemia. These metabolic dysfunctions work together to promote the formation of hyper-reactive platelets, which are distinctive in type 2 diabetes. The regular antiplatelet drugs, like aspirin, show limited inhibitory effect on them. Hence, studying the mechanism behind the hyper-reactive platelets could provide a brand-new view on the prevention of macrovascular complications and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Nanchuan, Chongqing 408400, China.
| | - Huamei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Nanchuan, Chongqing 408400, China.
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192
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Krisnamurti DGB, Purwaningsih EH, Tarigan TJE, Soetikno V, Louisa M. Hematological indices and their correlation with glucose control parameters in a prediabetic rat model. Vet World 2022; 15:672-678. [PMID: 35497944 PMCID: PMC9047127 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.672-678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Chronic hyperglycemia in prediabetic individuals would progress to diabetes and lead to several systemic disruptions, including hematological parameters. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between prediabetes and hematological indices in a prediabetic rat model. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male rats were randomly divided into two groups of nine. Prediabetes was induced in nine rats by a 3-week high-fat and high-glucose diet, followed by low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injection (30 mg/kg body weight). The oral glucose tolerance test was performed, and the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin levels were measured 72 h after STZ administration. The control group of nine rats was given standard diets. At the end of the 3rd week, the animals fasted overnight before blood collection. Blood samples were drawn and used for the analysis of the FBG and fasting insulin levels and glycated albumin to define prediabetes criteria before hematology analysis. Results: We found a significant increase in the FBG and insulin levels in the prediabetic versus the control group. There were decreases in red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels and red cell distribution in prediabetic rats versus the control. At the same time, a significant increase in the platelet count was observed in the prediabetic group. There was a positive correlation between FBG and lymphocytes and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in prediabetic rats. On the other hand, we found a negative correlation between white blood cell count and glycated albumin. Conclusion: Correlations were found in several hematological parameters in the prediabetic rat models. The changes in hematological indices in prediabetic rats may be further used as a valuable indicator of glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erni H. Purwaningsih
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Juli Edi Tarigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vivian Soetikno
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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193
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Li H, Wu R, Xi Y, Li H, Chang G, Sun F, Wei C, Jiao L, Wen X, Zhang G, Zaid A, Hao J. Dopamine 1 receptors inhibit apoptosis via activating CSE/H 2 S pathway in high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cells. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1098-1108. [PMID: 35293655 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
High glucose (HG) induced dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Inhibition of cystathionine γ-synthase/hydrogen sulfide (CSE/H2 S) pathway is one of the causes of vascular endothelial cells injury induced by HG. Dopamine D1 receptors (DR1) are widely expressed and regulate important physiological functions in the vascular system. However, the effect of DR1 inhibition on HG-induced vascular endothelial apoptosis by regulating CSE/H2 S pathway is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine if DR1 can regulate the CSE/H2 S pathway and the effect of DR1 on HG-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In this study, we found that HG treatment significantly decreased the expression of DR1 and CSE and the endogenous content of H2 S, DR1 agonist SKF 38393 reversed these effect, while NaHS only increased CSE expression and the endogenous H2 S production and had no effect on DR1 expression. Meanwhile, HG significantly raised intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ), SKF 38393 further increased HG-induced [Ca2+ ]i . In addition, HG increased LDH activity, MDA and ROS contents, apoptotic rate, the expression of cleaved caspase-3, -9 and Cytochrome C and the activity of phosphorylated-IκBα (p-IκBα) and phosphorylated-NF-κB (p-NF-κB), reduced cell viability, SOD activity and Bcl-2 expressions. SKF 38393 and NaHS markedly reversed the effect of HG. The effect of SKF 38393 was similar to NAC (an inhibitor of oxidative stress) or PDTC (a NF-kB inhibitor). Taken together, DR1 up-regulate CSE/H2 S pathway by increasing [Ca2+ ]i , which inhibits HG-induced apoptosis via down-regulating NF-κB/IκBα pathway in vascular endothelial cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhu Li
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361100, Fujian, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ren Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuxin Xi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guiquan Chang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fengqi Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Can Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijie Jiao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361100, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gensheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Altaany Zaid
- Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jinghui Hao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
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194
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Metabolic Response in Endothelial Cells to Catecholamine Stimulation Associated with Increased Vascular Permeability. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063162. [PMID: 35328583 PMCID: PMC8950318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption to endothelial cell homeostasis results in an extensive variety of human pathologies that are particularly relevant to major trauma. Circulating catecholamines, such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, activate endothelial adrenergic receptors triggering a potent response in endothelial function. The regulation of the endothelial cell metabolism is distinct and profoundly important to endothelium homeostasis. However, a precise catalogue of the metabolic alterations caused by sustained high catecholamine levels that results in endothelial dysfunction is still underexplored. Here, we uncover a set of up to 46 metabolites that exhibit a dose–response relationship to adrenaline-noradrenaline equimolar treatment. The identified metabolites align with the glutathione-ascorbate cycle and the nitric oxide biosynthesis pathway. Certain key metabolites, such as arginine and reduced glutathione, displayed a differential response to treatment in early (4 h) compared to late (24 h) stages of sustained stimulation, indicative of homeostatic metabolic feedback loops. Furthermore, we quantified an increase in the glucose consumption and aerobic respiration in endothelial cells upon catecholamine stimulation. Our results indicate that oxidative stress and nitric oxide metabolic pathways are downstream consequences of endothelial cell stimulation with sustained high levels of catecholamines. A precise understanding of the metabolic response in endothelial cells to pathological levels of catecholamines will facilitate the identification of more efficient clinical interventions in trauma patients.
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195
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Fu X, Song M, Lu M, Xie M, Shi L. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of polysaccharide isolated from Sphacelotheca sorghi in diet-streptozotocin-induced T2D mice. J Food Sci 2022; 87:1882-1894. [PMID: 35275401 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Edible fungus has attracted great interest with many health benefits, and polysaccharides from them have shown great potentials. In this study, polysaccharides were extracted from Sphacelotheca sorghi (Link) Clint. Monosaccharide composition of S. sorghi polysaccharides (SSP) was detected by high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) and mainly consists of glucose (70.5%), galactose (15.6%), mannose (7.2%), arabinose (5.8%), and rhamnose (0.9%). Type 2 diabetes (T2D) was induced by a high-fat, high-sugar diet-fed (HFSD) diet with streptozotocin (STZ) injection in mice, and hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic regulations of SSP were evaluated. After oral treatment of high dose of SSP (200 mg/kg/day), the fasting blood glucose (FBG) was reduced by 39.3%, the insulin resistance of T2D mice was relieved, the lipids metabolism disorder caused by diabetes was improved, and the levels of liver glycogen was increased by 34.1%, compared with the model control. Histopathological examination showed that SSP relieved liver damage. Furthermore, SSP regulated glucose and lipid metabolism by activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Overall, SPP is promising to be used as a functional food for the improvement of metabolic disorders. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: For enhancing the utilization rate and economic value of an edible fungi Sphacelotheca sorghi (Link) Clint., the total polysaccharides were isolated and used to investigate the effect of fungi in terms of balancing the levels of blood glucose and lipids. The S. sorghi polysaccharide treatment resolved the symptoms and insulin resistance in mice with diabetes, signifying its potential application in producing different functional foods for preventing or controlling diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- Food and Processing Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengxue Song
- Food and Processing Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China.,College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Food and Processing Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China.,College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengxi Xie
- Food and Processing Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Shi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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196
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Nascimento DDC, Rolnick N, Neto IVDS, Severin R, Beal FLR. A Useful Blood Flow Restriction Training Risk Stratification for Exercise and Rehabilitation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:808622. [PMID: 35360229 PMCID: PMC8963452 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.808622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is a modality with growing interest in the last decade and has been recognized as a critical tool in rehabilitation medicine, athletic and clinical populations. Besides its potential for positive benefits, BFRT has the capability to induce adverse responses. BFRT may evoke increased blood pressure, abnormal cardiovascular responses and impact vascular health. Furthermore, some important concerns with the use of BFRT exists for individuals with established cardiovascular disease (e.g., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease patients). In addition, considering the potential risks of thrombosis promoted by BFRT in medically compromised populations, BFRT use warrants caution for patients that already display impaired blood coagulability, loss of antithrombotic mechanisms in the vessel wall, and stasis caused by immobility (e.g., COVID-19 patients, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, orthopedic post-surgery, anabolic steroid and ergogenic substance users, rheumatoid arthritis, and pregnant/postpartum women). To avoid untoward outcomes and ensure that BFRT is properly used, efficacy endpoints such as a questionnaire for risk stratification involving a review of the patient’s medical history, signs, and symptoms indicative of underlying pathology is strongly advised. Here we present a model for BFRT pre-participation screening to theoretically reduce risk by excluding people with comorbidities or medically complex histories that could unnecessarily heighten intra- and/or post-exercise occurrence of adverse events. We propose this risk stratification tool as a framework to allow clinicians to use their knowledge, skills and expertise to assess and manage any risks related to the delivery of an appropriate BFRT exercise program. The questionnaires for risk stratification are adapted to guide clinicians for the referral, assessment, and suggestion of other modalities/approaches if/when necessary. Finally, the risk stratification might serve as a guideline for clinical protocols and future randomized controlled trial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahan da Cunha Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Brasília, Brazil
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Brasília, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Dahan da Cunha Nascimento,
| | - Nicholas Rolnick
- The Human Performance Mechanic, Lehman College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Richard Severin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Fabiani Lage Rodrigues Beal
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Brasília, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Health and Medicine School, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Brasília, Brazil
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197
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Mendes TB, Câmara-de-Souza AB, Halpern B. Hospital management of hyperglycemia in the context of COVID-19: evidence-based clinical considerations. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:37. [PMID: 35246230 PMCID: PMC8895065 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented crisis, and early on, it has been shown that diabetes is an important risk factor for complications and mortality in infected patients, as demonstrated by several studies. Moreover, hyperglycemia, regardless of whether patients have diabetes, is associated with poorer outcomes, which suggests that adequate monitoring and treatment of elevated glycemia in the hospital setting can improve patient outcomes. In patients with COVID-19, glycemic control may be impaired as a consequence of the infection itself (aggravating pre-existing diabetes and potentially precipitating new-onset diabetes), inflammation, or corticosteroid use-a well-established therapy to reduce COVID-19 complications, especially in the intensive care unit. This article reviews the link between diabetes and hyperglycemia, and COVID-19, with a brief review of potential mechanisms, along with emerging evidence on the effect of glycemic control on COVID-19 outcomes, especially in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Bosco Mendes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Halpern
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital 9 de Julho, Rua Alves Guimarães, 462, cj. 72, Pinheiros, São Paulo, SP, 05410-000, Brazil.
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Goeritzer M, Schlager S, Kuentzel KB, Vujić N, Korbelius M, Rainer S, Kolb D, Mussbacher M, Salzmann M, Schrottmaier WC, Assinger A, Schlagenhauf A, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Blass S, Eichmann TO, Graier WF, Kratky D. Adipose Triglyceride Lipase Deficiency Attenuates In Vitro Thrombus Formation without Affecting Platelet Activation and Bleeding In Vivo. Cells 2022; 11:850. [PMID: 35269472 PMCID: PMC8908992 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
According to genome-wide RNA sequencing data from human and mouse platelets, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), the main lipase catalyzing triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis in cytosolic lipid droplets (LD) at neutral pH, is expressed in platelets. Currently, it is elusive to whether common lipolytic enzymes are involved in the degradation of TG in platelets. Since the consequences of ATGL deficiency in platelets are unknown, we used whole-body and platelet-specific (plat)Atgl-deficient (-/-) mice to investigate the loss of ATGL on platelet function. Our results showed that platelets accumulate only a few LD due to lack of ATGL. Stimulation with platelet-activating agonists resulted in comparable platelet activation in Atgl-/-, platAtgl-/-, and wild-type mice. Measurement of mitochondrial respiration revealed a decreased oxygen consumption rate in platelets from Atgl-/- but not from platAtgl-/- mice. Of note, global loss of ATGL was associated with an anti-thrombogenic phenotype, which was evident by reduced thrombus formation in collagen-coated channels in vitro despite unchanged bleeding and occlusion times in vivo. We conclude that genetic deletion of ATGL affects collagen-induced thrombosis without pathological bleeding and platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Goeritzer
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
| | - Stefanie Schlager
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
- AOP Orphan Pharmaceuticals GmbH, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina B. Kuentzel
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
| | - Nemanja Vujić
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
| | - Melanie Korbelius
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
| | - Silvia Rainer
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Core Facility Ultrastructural Analysis, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Marion Mussbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Manuel Salzmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Waltraud C. Schrottmaier
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (W.C.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Alice Assinger
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (W.C.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Axel Schlagenhauf
- Department of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Corina T. Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
| | - Sandra Blass
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
| | - Thomas O. Eichmann
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F. Graier
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.G.); (S.S.); (K.B.K.); (N.V.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (C.T.M.-S.); (S.B.); (W.F.G.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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199
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Lalieu R, Raap RB, van Hulst R. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: when pressure is good for diabetic foot ulcers. Br J Community Nurs 2022; 27:S6-S12. [PMID: 35274985 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2022.27.sup3.s6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) as a common complication of diabetes. Even with adequate treatment, up to 35% of these ulcers do not heal. This is due to the effect of aging, repeated ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, bacterial colonisation of the wound and chronic hypoxia. All wound-healing processes are highly dependent on oxygen, so hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can be employed to improve wound healing and correct the four pathophysiological factors for chronic wounds. It is, in fact, internationally recognised as a treatment option for non-healing DFUs. Several trials and systematic reviews have been performed on its efficacy, which show a positive trend towards increased wound healing and reduced amputation risk. Some controversy exists due to contradictory results in these studies, which may be due to grouping patients with and without peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) together. Side effects are usually mild and transient, and the treatment is considered safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger Lalieu
- Hyperbaar Geneeskundig Centrum, Rijswijk, the Netherlands, and Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anaesthesiology
| | - René Bol Raap
- Hyperbaar Geneeskundig Centrum, Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - Rob van Hulst
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Department of Anaesthesiology and Hyperbaric Department
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200
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Finding the “switch” in platelet activation prediction of key mediators involved in reversal of platelet activation using a novel network biology approach. J Proteomics 2022; 261:104577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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