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Perry BI, Khandaker GM, Marwaha S, Thompson A, Zammit S, Singh SP, Upthegrove R. Insulin resistance and obesity, and their association with depression in relatively young people: findings from a large UK birth cohort. Psychol Med 2020; 50:556-565. [PMID: 30854996 PMCID: PMC7093318 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression frequently co-occurs with disorders of glucose and insulin homeostasis (DGIH) and obesity. Low-grade systemic inflammation and lifestyle factors in childhood may predispose to DGIH, obesity and depression. We aim to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations among DGIH, obesity and depression, and to examine the effect of demographics, lifestyle factors and antecedent low-grade inflammation on such associations in young people. METHODS Using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort, we used regression analyses to examine: (1) cross-sectional and (2) longitudinal associations between measures of DGIH [insulin resistance (IR); impaired glucose tolerance] and body mass index (BMI) at ages 9 and 18 years, and depression (depressive symptoms and depressive episode) at age 18 years and (3) whether sociodemographics, lifestyle factors or inflammation [interleukin-6 (IL-6) at age 9 years] confounded any such associations. RESULTS We included 3208 participants. At age 18 years, IR and BMI were positively associated with depression. These associations may be explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. There were no longitudinal associations between DGIH/BMI and depression, and adjustment for IL-6 and C-reactive protein did not attenuate associations between IR/BMI and depression; however, the longitudinal analyses may have been underpowered. CONCLUSIONS Young people with depression show evidence of DGIH and raised BMI, which may be related to sociodemographic and lifestyle effects such as deprivation, smoking, ethnicity and gender. In future, studies with larger samples are required to confirm this. Preventative strategies for the poorer physical health outcomes associated with depression should focus on malleable lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. I. Perry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - G. M. Khandaker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, England
| | - S. Marwaha
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
- Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation NHS Trust, Birmingham, England
| | - A. Thompson
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, England
- Unit of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, Coventry, England
| | - S. Zammit
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales
| | - S. P. Singh
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, England
- Unit of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, Coventry, England
| | - R. Upthegrove
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
- Early Intervention Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Donate-Correa J, Luis-Rodríguez D, Martín-Núñez E, Tagua VG, Hernández-Carballo C, Ferri C, Rodríguez-Rodríguez AE, Mora-Fernández C, Navarro-González JF. Inflammatory Targets in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020458. [PMID: 32046074 PMCID: PMC7074396 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most frequent complications in patients with diabetes mellitus is diabetic nephropathy (DN). At present, it constitutes the first cause of end stage renal disease, and the main cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, it is clear that new strategies are required to delay the development and the progression of this pathology. This new approach should look beyond the control of traditional risk factors such as hyperglycemia and hypertension. Currently, inflammation has been recognized as one of the underlying processes involved in the development and progression of kidney disease in the diabetic population. Understanding the cascade of signals and mechanisms that trigger this maladaptive immune response, which eventually leads to the development of DN, is crucial. This knowledge will allow the identification of new targets and facilitate the design of innovative therapeutic strategies. In this review, we focus on the pathogenesis of proinflammatory molecules and mechanisms related to the development and progression of DN, and discuss the potential utility of new strategies based on agents that target inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Donate-Correa
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (J.D.-C.); (E.M.-N.); (V.G.T.); (C.F.); (C.M.-F.)
- GEENDIAB (Grupo Español para el estudio de la Nefropatía Diabética), Sociedad Española de Nefrología, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Desirée Luis-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Ernesto Martín-Núñez
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (J.D.-C.); (E.M.-N.); (V.G.T.); (C.F.); (C.M.-F.)
- GEENDIAB (Grupo Español para el estudio de la Nefropatía Diabética), Sociedad Española de Nefrología, 39008 Santander, Spain
- Escuela de Doctorado y Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Víctor G. Tagua
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (J.D.-C.); (E.M.-N.); (V.G.T.); (C.F.); (C.M.-F.)
| | | | - Carla Ferri
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (J.D.-C.); (E.M.-N.); (V.G.T.); (C.F.); (C.M.-F.)
- Escuela de Doctorado y Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Mora-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (J.D.-C.); (E.M.-N.); (V.G.T.); (C.F.); (C.M.-F.)
- GEENDIAB (Grupo Español para el estudio de la Nefropatía Diabética), Sociedad Española de Nefrología, 39008 Santander, Spain
- REDINREN (Red de Investigación Renal-RD16/0009/0022), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F. Navarro-González
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (J.D.-C.); (E.M.-N.); (V.G.T.); (C.F.); (C.M.-F.)
- GEENDIAB (Grupo Español para el estudio de la Nefropatía Diabética), Sociedad Española de Nefrología, 39008 Santander, Spain
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
- REDINREN (Red de Investigación Renal-RD16/0009/0022), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, 38010 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-922-602-389
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Milajerdi A, Sadeghi A, Mousavi SM, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Influence of Statins on Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Abnormal Glucose Homeostasis: A Meta-analysis of Data From Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Ther 2020; 42:e13-e31. [PMID: 31955966 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic inflammation increases the risks for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Recently, the antiinflammatory effects of statins, as cholesterol-lowering medications, have been considered. This study systematically reviewed and summarized earlier findings from randomized clinical trials about the effects of statins on serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6 in patients with abnormal glucose homeostasis. METHODS Relevant articles published through October 2019 were searched using suitable key words on the PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases. RCTs were included if they compared the effects of statins on serum concentrations of CRP and IL-6 in adults with abnormal glucose homeostasis. The effect sizes were represented as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% CI s using a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed to find possible sources of heterogeneity. FINDINGS Overall, 17 publications with 21 effect sizes and which enrolled 3766 subjects (1895 participants in intervention and 1871 in control groups) were included. Combining 13 effect sizes from 10 studies, a significant reduction in serum CRP concentration following the administration of atorvastatin was found (WMD, -0.35; 95% CI, -0.54 to -0.17; I2 = 90.6%). Based on 5 effect sizes from 4 studies, we found a statistically significant reduction in serum IL-6 concentration after atorvastatin therapy (WMD, -0.44; 95% CI, -0.65 to -0.22; I2 = 93.9%). Pooling 6 effect sizes from 5 studies revealed a significantly reduced serum concentration of CRP after simvastatin therapy (WMD, -0.66; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.54; I2 = 97.6%). IMPLICATIONS The administration of atorvastatin or simvastatin in patients with abnormal glucose hemostasis was associated with a reduced serum CRP concentration. Atorvastatin therapy might also help to decrease serum IL-6 concentration in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Milajerdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghi
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Bu L, Cao X, Zhang Z, Wu H, Guo R, Ma M. Decreased secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α attenuates macrophages-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Life Sci 2020; 244:117304. [PMID: 31953164 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Macrophages, as an important member of immune system, engulf and digest pathogens in innate immunity and help initiate adaptive immunity. However, macrophages also involve in occurrence and development of many diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Here, we aimed to reveal how activated macrophages cause insulin resistance in skeletal muscle in vitro through simulating body environment. MAIN METHODS We established RAW264.7 macrophages and C2C12 myotubes co-incubation model in vitro using Transwell filter to simulate body environment and investigated effects of RAW264.7 cells on insulin-regulated glucose metabolism in C2C12 myotubes. Immunofluorescence, Immunoblot and glucose uptake tests were used to assess metabolic changes in C2C12 myotubes. ELISA test detected secretions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from RAW264.7 cells. In addition, RNA interference and inhibitor treatment were used. KEY FINDINGS Activated RAW264.7 cells attenuated insulin response in C2C12 myotubes. Activated RAW264.7 cells secreted a lot of TNF-α and IL-6. We found that TNFα, but not IL-6, caused insulin resistance of skeletal muscle in a dose-dependent manner. The results further indicated that activation of TNF-α downstream proteins, inhibitor of nuclear factor κ-B kinase (IKK) and the jun-N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) led to phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) at Ser residues and insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes. SIGNIFICANCE Our research provided further and direct demonstration on activated macrophage-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, suggesting TNF-α might become a therapeutic target to ameliorate and treat type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Bu
- Department of Geratology, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Cao
- Department of Geratology, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, PR China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing 100028, PR China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- Science and Technology Center, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 032200, PR China
| | - Renwei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, PR China.
| | - Mingfeng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, PR China.
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155
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Xu W, Zhao T, Xiao H. The Implication of Oxidative Stress and AMPK-Nrf2 Antioxidative Signaling in Pneumonia Pathogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:400. [PMID: 32625169 PMCID: PMC7311749 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that chemical, physical, and biological factors can singly or synergistically evoke the excessive production of oxidative stress in pulmonary tissue that followed by pulmonary lesions and pneumonia. In addition, metabolic and endocrine disorder-induced diseases such as diabetes and obesity often expressed higher susceptibility to pulmonary infections, and presented severe symptoms which increasing the mortality rate. Therefore, the connection between the lesion of the lungs and the metabolic/endocrine disorders is an interesting and essential issue to be addressed. Studies have noticed a similar pathological feature in both infectious pneumonia and metabolic disease-intercurrent pulmonary lesions, that is, from the view of molecular pathology, the accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in pulmonary tissue accompanying with activated pro-inflammatory signals. Meanwhile, Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling plays important role in metabolic/endocrine homeostasis and infection response, and it's closely associated with the anti-oxidative capacity of the body. For this reason, this review will start from the summary upon the implication of ROS accumulation, and to discuss how AMPK-Nrf2 signaling contributes to maintaining the metabolic/endocrine homeostasis and attenuates the susceptibility of pulmonary infections.
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156
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Sharma VK, Singh TG. Chronic Stress and Diabetes Mellitus: Interwoven Pathologies. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:546-556. [PMID: 31713487 DOI: 10.2174/1573399815666191111152248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stress threatens the homeostasis and mobilizes a plethora of adaptive physiological and behavioral changes via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system. The HPA axis influences the pituitary gland, hypothalamus and adrenal gland via a complex set of positive and negative feedback system. The feedback system operates in a well regulated neuroendocrine manner to reestablish the threatened body equilibrium. The HPA axis secreted major product is a glucocorticoid (cortisol) which is kept within a physiologically optimal range and serves to accomplish the various physiological functions crucial for survival. In chronically stressed individuals dishabituation of HPA axis is followed by increased release of glucocorticoids and catecholamines. Higher secretion of glucocorticoids influences glucose metabolism by promoting gluconeogenesis in the liver, suppressing glucose uptake (adipocytes and skeletal muscles), promoting lipolysis in adipocytes, suppressing insulin secretion, inflicting insulin resistance and inflammation. These biological changes alter neuroendocrine mechanisms and lead to maladaptive congregation of events that form the underlying cause of development of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The currently reviewed evidences advocate that targeting stress mediated hypersecretion of glucocorticoids may be a viable approach for the treatment of T2D and to reinstate glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla-171207, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Abdollahzad H, Pasdar Y, Nachvak SM, Rezaeian S, Saber A, Nazari R. The Relationship Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Metabolic Syndrome in Ravansar Cohort Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:477-487. [PMID: 32110080 PMCID: PMC7041598 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s240641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components using data of Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study. PATIENTS AND METHODS The present cross-sectional study was performed using the information of 6538 participants in the RaNCD study in Iran. A validated 125-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to acquire DII scores. MetS was defined based on national cholesterol education program-adult treatment panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. The association between DII and MetS and its components was investigated by the logistic regression model using STATA software. RESULTS A significant association was found between DII and MetS (OR trend: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15, P =0.017), triglyceride (TG) (OR trend: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00-1.12, P=0.030), fasting blood glucose (FBG) (OR trend: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.20, P=0.018) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR trend: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12, P= 0.005) after adjustment for all covariates. Also, there was a significant relationship between DII score and waist circumference (WC) (OR trend: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.14, P=0.016). CONCLUSION Higher DII score (a pro-inflammatory diet) had a significant association with the risk of MetS and its components, even after adjustment for different potential confounding factors including socio-demographic data and lifestyle habits. However, further longitudinal investigations with more dietary parameters are needed to elucidate the role of the pro-inflammatory diet in the etiology of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Abdollahzad
- School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Saber
- School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Correspondence: Amir Saber; Razieh NazariDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technologies, Isar Sq., Across from Farabi Hospital, P.O. Box 6719851351, Kermanshah, IranTel +98-83 37102009Fax +98-83 37102002 Email ;
| | - Razieh Nazari
- School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Correspondence: Amir Saber; Razieh NazariDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technologies, Isar Sq., Across from Farabi Hospital, P.O. Box 6719851351, Kermanshah, IranTel +98-83 37102009Fax +98-83 37102002 Email ;
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Zheng Y, Gou X, Zhang L, Gao H, Wei Y, Yu X, Pang B, Tian J, Tong X, Li M. Interactions Between Gut Microbiota, Host, and Herbal Medicines: A Review of New Insights Into the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:360. [PMID: 32766169 PMCID: PMC7379170 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines (HMs) are a major subset of complementary and alternative medicine. They have been employed for the efficient clinical management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for centuries. However, the related underlying mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. It has been found out that microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis and treatment of T2DM. An interplay between gut microbiota and host occurs mainly at the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier. The host movements influence the composition and abundance of gut microbiota, whereas gut microbiota in turn modulate the metabolic and immunological activities of the host. Intestinal dysbiosis, endotoxin-induced metabolic inflammation, immune response disorder, bacterial components and metabolites, and decreased production of short-chain fatty acids are considered significant pathogenic mechanisms underlying T2DM. The interaction between gut microbiota and HMs during T2DM treatment has been investigated in human, animal, and in vitro studies. HMs regulate the composition of beneficial and harmful bacteria and decrease the inflammation caused by gut microbiota. Furthermore, the metabolism of gut microbiota modulates HM biotransformation. In this review, we have summarized such research findings, with the aim to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic mechanisms of HMs in T2DM and to provide new insights into specific targeted HM-based therapies and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Gou
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanjia Gao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxing Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaxing Tian
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xiaolin Tong
| | - Min Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Min Li
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Khudhair Z, Alhallaf R, Eichenberger RM, Whan J, Kupz A, Field M, Krause L, Wilson DT, Daly NL, Giacomin P, Sotillo J, Loukas A. Gastrointestinal Helminth Infection Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Decreases Systemic Inflammation, and Alters the Composition of Gut Microbiota in Distinct Mouse Models of Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:606530. [PMID: 33613446 PMCID: PMC7892786 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.606530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major health problem and is considered one of the top 10 diseases leading to death globally. T2D has been widely associated with systemic and local inflammatory responses and with alterations in the gut microbiota. Microorganisms, including parasitic worms and gut microbes have exquisitely co-evolved with their hosts to establish an immunological interaction that is essential for the formation and maintenance of a balanced immune system, including suppression of excessive inflammation. Herein we show that both prophylactic and therapeutic infection of mice with the parasitic hookworm-like nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance and body weight gain in two different diet-induced mouse models of T2D. Helminth infection was associated with elevated type 2 immune responses including increased eosinophil numbers in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and adipose tissues, as well as increased expression of IL-4 and alternatively activated macrophage marker genes in adipose tissue, liver and gut. N. brasiliensis infection was also associated with significant compositional changes in the gut microbiota at both the phylum and order levels. Our findings show that N. brasiliensis infection drives changes in local and systemic immune cell populations, and that these changes are associated with a reduction in systemic and local inflammation and compositional changes in the gut microbiota which cumulatively might be responsible for the improved insulin sensitivity observed in infected mice. Our findings indicate that carefully controlled therapeutic hookworm infection in humans could be a novel approach for treating metabolic syndrome and thereby preventing T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Khudhair
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Rafid Alhallaf
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Ramon M. Eichenberger
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Jen Whan
- Advanced Analytical Center, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas Kupz
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Matt Field
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - David T. Wilson
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Norelle L. Daly
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul Giacomin
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Javier Sotillo
- Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Alex Loukas,
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Khaghanzadeh N, Naderi N, Pournasrollah N, Farahbakhsh E, Kheirandish M, Samiei A. TLR4 Polymorphisms (896A>G and 1196C>T) Affect the Predisposition to Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1015-1021. [PMID: 32308451 PMCID: PMC7138628 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s238942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease with a steadily increasing incidence throughout the world. Some molecules regulating the innate immune responses such as toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) have shown to be involved in late diabetic complications. This study aimed to investigate the association of TLR4 gene polymorphisms with clinicopathological aspects of T2DM in the Iranian population. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two TLR4 896A>G and 1196C>T polymorphisms were assessed in 100 T2DM patients and 100 healthy controls using sequence-specific primers PCR. Demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters were obtained from the participants. RESULTS After logistic regression, in 1196C>T, a significant association was shown between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and CT genotype (P= 0.04, OR= 4.35, CI= (1.04-18.1)). TG level has increased significantly in both T2DM and control subjects with CT genotype (P= 0.027, OR= 1.005, 95% CI= (1.001-1.01)). For 896A>G variant, a significant association was also detected between AG genotype and increased oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) level (P= 0.048, OR= 1.003, 95% CI= (1.00-1.005)). CONCLUSION Although minor alleles of 1196C>T and 896A>G variants have not directly been associated with type 2 diabetes, by involving in the dysregulation of serum TG and blood sugar levels, they might increase the risk of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Khaghanzadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nadereh Naderi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nazanin Pournasrollah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Elahe Farahbakhsh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Kheirandish
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Afshin Samiei
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Correspondence: Afshin Samiei Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas7919693116, IranTel +98 76 337103070Fax +98 76 33710371 Email
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Fiodorenko-Dumas Ż, Dumas I, Mastej K, Jakobsche-Policht U, Bittner J, Adamiec R. Receptor GP IIb/IIIa as an Indicator of Risk in Vascular Events. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2019; 25:1076029619845056. [PMID: 31185733 PMCID: PMC6714900 DOI: 10.1177/1076029619845056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes causes a significant risk of cardiovascular diseases, leading to 70% of
deaths in patients with diabetes. The effective treatment of diabetes significantly
reduces the risk of requiring the involvement of specialists from various fields of
medicine. This research aimed to assess the risk of cardiovascular events based on
selected biochemical parameters (glycoprotein [GP] IIb/IIIa, von Willebrand factor [vWf],
fibrinogen) and their changes in response to physical exercise. The research group
consisted of 52 patients with type 2 diabetes with micro- or macro-angiopathy at a mean
age of 63.80 years (8.79). The control group consisted of 50 healthy volunteers (17 women
and 33 men) at a mean age of 51.16 years (6.39). All the patients consented to have their
venous blood tested to measure complete blood counts. Activated GP IIb/IIIa receptors were
labeled and analyzed by flow cytometry. Mean values of vWF factor were higher when
compared with the control group (196.59% [80.32%] vs 148.06% [90.34%], respectively). The
GP IIb/IIIa receptor expression was much higher in test patients than in the control group
(3.91% [2.91%] vs 2.79% [2.51%]). Physical exercise had a positive influence on GP
IIb/IIIa receptor expression and vWF, decreasing their baseline percentage values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilias Dumas
- 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Mastej
- 2 Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, University Teaching Hospital, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Urszula Jakobsche-Policht
- 2 Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, University Teaching Hospital, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Bittner
- 2 Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, University Teaching Hospital, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rajmund Adamiec
- 2 Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, University Teaching Hospital, Wrocław, Poland
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162
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Zuñiga JA, Harrison ML, Henneghan A, García AA, Kesler S. Biomarkers panels can predict fatigue, depression and pain in persons living with HIV: A pilot study. Appl Nurs Res 2019; 52:151224. [PMID: 31987713 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2019.151224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons living with HIV experience high symptom burden that can negatively impact medication adherence, work productivity, and quality of life. Symptoms are highly subjective, which can lead to under- or improper treatment. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine relationships between circulating biomarkers representative of inflammatory, coagulation, and vascular function pathways and prevalent HIV symptoms. SETTING AND SAMPLE Adults >18 years who were diagnosed with HIV and spoke English for this cross-sectional study were recruited from community clinics and organizations. METHODS Symptom burden was measured with the HIV Symptom Index; depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire. Human multiplex kits were used to determine serum concentrations of select biomarkers representing inflammatory, coagulation, and vascular function pathways. The biomarkers were included as features in machine learning models to determine which biomarkers predicted the most prevalent HIV symptoms (fatigue and muscle/joint pain) and the symptom of depression. RESULTS Participants (N = 32) were representative of the local population of people with HIV, being mostly Black (54.4%) and male (60.6%). Depression was predicted by age, gender, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and inflammation. Muscle/joint pain was predicted by adiponectin, C-reactive protein, and serum amyloid A (SAA). Fatigue was predicted by adiponectin, SAA, and soluble interleukin-1 receptor type II (sIL-1RII). CONCLUSION Biomarker clusters can be a tool to monitor symptoms. Adding an objective measure to subjective patient experiences could improve management and monitoring of symptoms. Defining a biomarker cluster for the objective assessment of HIV symptoms warrants further investigation; however, the presence of comorbid conditions needs to be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Zuñiga
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, United States of America.
| | - Michelle L Harrison
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Education, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, United States of America
| | - Ashley Henneghan
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, United States of America
| | - Alexandra A García
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, United States of America
| | - Shelli Kesler
- MD Anderson, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, United States of America
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163
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Radzikowska U, Rinaldi AO, Çelebi Sözener Z, Karaguzel D, Wojcik M, Cypryk K, Akdis M, Akdis CA, Sokolowska M. The Influence of Dietary Fatty Acids on Immune Responses. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2990. [PMID: 31817726 PMCID: PMC6950146 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet-derived fatty acids (FAs) are essential sources of energy and fundamental structural components of cells. They also play important roles in the modulation of immune responses in health and disease. Saturated and unsaturated FAs influence the effector and regulatory functions of innate and adaptive immune cells by changing membrane composition and fluidity and by acting through specific receptors. Impaired balance of saturated/unsaturated FAs, as well as n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated FAs has significant consequences on immune system homeostasis, contributing to the development of many allergic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. In this paper, we discuss up-to-date knowledge and the clinical relevance of the influence of dietary FAs on the biology, homeostasis, and functions of epithelial cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, innate lymphoid cells, T cells and B cells. Additionally, we review the effects of dietary FAs on the pathogenesis of many diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis as well as type 1 and 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Arturo O Rinaldi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Zeynep Çelebi Sözener
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Department of Chest Disease, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ankara University School of Medicine, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Karaguzel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marzena Wojcik
- Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
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164
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Ahmed IH, Ghali ZH. Transversion and transition mutations of interleukin-6 gene -174 (G/C) in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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165
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Investigation of the Mechanism Underlying Calcium Dobesilate-Mediated Improvement of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation Caused by High Glucose. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:9893682. [PMID: 31780874 PMCID: PMC6855025 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9893682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Calcium dobesilate (CaD) is widely used to treat diabetic retinopathy. Recent studies have demonstrated that CaD exerts protective effects against diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of CaD. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with different D-glucose concentrations to determine the effects of high glucose on HUVEC gene expression. HUVECs were also incubated with CaD (25 μM, 50 μM, and 100 μM) for 3 days to determine the effects of CaD on HUVEC viability. db/db mice were treated with CaD. 2-[(Aminocarbonyl)amino]-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-thiophenecarboxamide (TPCA-1) blocked the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in HUVECs. A pentraxin 3 (PTX3) small interfering RNA (siRNA) intervention experiment was performed in the cells. An adenovirus-encapsulated PTX3 siRNA intervention experiment was performed in db/db mice. Western blot and real-time PCR analyses were used to detect PTX3, p-IKBa/IKBa (I-kappa-B-alpha), and p-eNOS/eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) expression in mice and HUVECs. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining were used to observe renal tissue damage in mice. PTX3 expression was observed by immunohistochemical staining. Results CaD downregulated the expression of PTX3 and p-IKBa/IKBa and upregulated the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS in vitro. When TPCA-1 was used, high glucose induced high PTX3 expression, and the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS increased. After PTX3 gene silencing, the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS also increased. In vivo, CaD reduced the expression of PTX3 and p-IKBa/IKBa in the kidneys of db/db mice and increased the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS. After PTX3 gene silencing, the urine protein and renal function of db/db mice were ameliorated, the glomerular extracellular matrix was decreased, and the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS was increased. Conclusions Our results suggested that CaD may inhibit the expression of PTX3 by altering the IKK/IKB/NF-κB pathway, thereby improving endothelial dysfunction in HUVECs. PTX3 may be a potential therapeutic target for DKD.
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166
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Tetramethylpyrazine prevents diabetes by activating PI3K/Akt/GLUT-4 signalling in animal model of type-2 diabetes. Life Sci 2019; 236:116836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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167
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Targeting Inflammation by Flavonoids: Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194957. [PMID: 31597283 PMCID: PMC6801776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced metabolic profile is essential for normal human physiological activities. Disproportions in nutrition give rise to imbalances in metabolism that are associated with aberrant immune function and an elevated risk for inflammatory-associated disorders. Inflammation is a complex process, and numerous mediators affect inflammation-mediated disorders. The available clinical modalities do not effectively address the underlying diseases but rather relieve the symptoms. Therefore, novel targeted agents have the potential to normalize the metabolic system and, thus, provide meaningful therapy to the underlying disorder. In this connection, polyphenols, the well-known and extensively studied phytochemical moieties, were evaluated for their effective role in the restoration of metabolism via various mechanistic signaling pathways. The various flavonoids that we observed in this comprehensive review interfere with the metabolic events that induce inflammation. The mechanisms via which the polyphenols, in particular flavonoids, act provide a promising treatment option for inflammatory disorders. However, detailed clinical studies of such molecules are required to decide their clinical fate.
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168
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The activation of immunoglobulin G Fc receptors (FcγRs) with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) promotes cognitive impairment in aged rats with diabetes. Exp Gerontol 2019; 125:110660. [PMID: 31319129 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although immunoglobulin G Fc receptors with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAM-FcγRs) have been implicated in the mediation of inflammatory responses, the importance of these receptors in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in geriatric diabetes remains unclear. The present study investigated the potential role of ITAM-FcγRs in cognitive impairment in geriatric diabetes. METHODS Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in aged Wistar rats, and cognitive function and cerebral injury were assessed 8 weeks later using the Morris water maze (MWM), real-time PCR and Western blot. In vitro, the inhibition of ITAM-FcγRs was investigated using rat chromaffin cells cultured with high glucose. RESULTS Aged rats with diabetes exhibited marked and persistent learning and memory impairments. Enhanced cerebral inflammation in the diabetic aged rats was associated with the overactivation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor nuclear factor-α (TNF-α)) in the hippocampus. Compared to no treatment, the knockdown of FcγRIV (the main isoform of ITAM-FcγRs) markedly attenuated cognitive impairment as well as histologic and ultrastructural pathologic changes in the diabetic rats. The increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and the overactivation of the NF-κB signaling pathway were also significantly alleviated. In vitro, high glucose concentrations significantly activated the NF-κB signaling pathway and increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The inhibition of FcγR expression by a small interfering RNA and/or a FcγRI- and FcγRIII-neutralizing antibody significantly ameliorated the effects mediated by high glucose. CONCLUSION The enhanced activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway may be the mechanism by which ITAM-FcγRs promote cerebral inflammation and cognitive impairment in diabetes. ITAM-FcγRs may be viewed as a potential target for preventative intervention for cognitive impairment in older adults with diabetes.
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169
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Francis A, Johnson DW, Teixeira-Pinto A, Craig JC, Wong G. Incidence and predictors of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease after kidney transplantation during adulthood and childhood: a registry study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 33:881-889. [PMID: 29342279 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in the epidemiology of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) between adult and paediatric kidney transplant recipients remain unclear. Methods Using the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (1963-2015), the cumulative incidences of PTLD in children (age <20 years) and adults were calculated using a competing risk of death model and compared with age-matched population-based data using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Risk factors for PTLD were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Among 23 477 patients (92% adult, 60% male), 505 developed PTLD, with 50 (10%) occurring in childhood recipients. The 25-year cumulative incidence of PTLD was 3.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9-3.6] for adult recipients and 3.6% (95% CI 2.7-4.8) for childhood recipients. Childhood recipients had a 30-fold increased risk of lymphoma compared with the age-matched general population [SIR 29.5 (95% CI 21.9-38.8)], higher than adult recipients [SIR 8.4 (95% CI 7.7-9.2)]. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative recipient serology [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 3.33 (95% CI 2.21-5.01), P < 0.001], year of transplantation [aHR 0.93 for each year after the year 2000 (95% CI 0.88-0.99), P = 0.02], induction with an agent other than anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody [aHR 2.07 (95% CI 1.16-3.70), P = 0.01] and having diabetes [aHR 3.49 (95% CI 2.26-5.38), P < 0.001] were independently associated with PTLD. Conclusions Lymphoma occurs at similar rates in adult and paediatric recipients, but has been decreasing since the year 2000. EBV-negative patients and those with diabetes or induction agent other than anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody are at substantially increased risk of PTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Francis
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Victoria, Australia.,Child and Adolescent Renal Service, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David W Johnson
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, Diamantina, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan C Craig
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Victoria, Australia
| | - Germaine Wong
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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170
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Reijrink M, de Boer SA, Spoor DS, Lefrandt JD, Lambers Heerspink HJ, Boellaard R, Greuter MJ, Borra RJH, Hillebrands JL, Slart RHJA, Mulder DJ. Visceral adipose tissue volume is associated with premature atherosclerosis in early type 2 diabetes mellitus independent of traditional risk factors. Atherosclerosis 2019; 290:87-93. [PMID: 31604171 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is commonly associated with abdominal obesity, predominantly with high visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and is accompanied by premature atherosclerosis. However, the association between VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with premature atherosclerosis and (i.e. arterial) inflammation is not completely understood. To provide more insight into this association, we investigated the association between arterial 18F-fluordeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) uptake, as a measure of arterial inflammation, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers in early T2DM patients. METHODS Forty-four patients with early T2DM, without glucose lowering medication, were studied (median age 63 [IQR 54-66] years, median BMI 30.4 [IQR 27.5-35.8]). Arterial inflammation was quantified using glucose corrected maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) FDG of the aorta, carotid, iliac, and femoral arteries, and corrected for background activity (blood pool) as target-to-background ratio (meanTBR). VAT and SAT volumes (cm3) were automatically segmented using computed tomography (CT) between levels L1-L5. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was assessed by liver function test and CT. RESULTS VAT volume, but not SAT volume, correlated with meanTBR (r = 0.325, p = 0.031). Linear regression models showed a significant association, even after sequential adjustment for potentially influencing MetS components. Interaction term VAT volume * sex and additional components including HbA1c, insulin resistance, NAFLD, adiponectin, leptin, and C- reactive protein (CRP) did not change the independent association between VAT volume and meanTBR. CONCLUSIONS CT-assessed VAT volume is positively associated with FDG-PET assessed arterial inflammation, independently of factors thought to potentially mediate these effects. These findings suggest that VAT in contrast to SAT is linked to early atherosclerotic changes in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Reijrink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Vascular Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Stefanie A de Boer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Vascular Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Daan S Spoor
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joop D Lefrandt
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Vascular Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hiddo J Lambers Heerspink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands; VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Jw Greuter
- University of Twente, TechMed Centre, Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Enschede, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald J H Borra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Turku, Finland
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, division of Pathology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Riemer H J A Slart
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Twente, TechMed Centre, Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Douwe J Mulder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Vascular Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
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171
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Rabelo MDS, El-Awady A, Moura Foz A, Hisse Gomes G, Rajendran M, Meghil MM, Lowry S, Romito GA, Cutler CW, Susin C. Influence of T2DM and prediabetes on blood DC subsets and function in subjects with periodontitis. Oral Dis 2019; 25:2020-2029. [PMID: 31541516 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the myeloid and plasmacytoid DC counts and maturation status among subjects with/without generalized periodontitis (GP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The frequency and maturation status of myeloid and plasmacytoid blood DCs were analyzed by flow cytometry in four groups of 15 subjects: healthy controls, T2DM with generalized CP (T2DM + GP), prediabetes with GP (PD + GP), and normoglycemics with GP (NG + GP). RT-PCR was used to determine levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the oral biofilms and within panDCs. The role of exogenous glucose effects on differentiation and apoptosis of healthy human MoDCs was explored in vitro. RESULTS Relative to controls and to NG + GP, T2DM + GP showed significantly lower CD1c + and CD303 + DC counts, while CD141 + DCs were lower in T2DM + GP relative to controls. Blood DC maturation required for mobilization and immune responsiveness was not observed. A statistically significant trend was observed for P. gingivalis levels in the biofilms of groups as follows: controls <NG+GP < PD+GP < T2DM+GP. Moreover, significantly higher P. gingivalis levels were observed in blood DCs of NG + GP than controls, whereas no differences were observed between controls and PD + GP/T2DM + GP. In vitro differentiation of MoDCs was significantly decreased, and apoptosis was increased by physiologically relevant glucose levels. CONCLUSION Type 2 diabetes mellitus appears to inhibit important DC immune homeostatic functions, including expansion and bacterial scavenging, which might be mediated by hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Sousa Rabelo
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ahmed El-Awady
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Adriana Moura Foz
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovane Hisse Gomes
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mythilpriya Rajendran
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mohamed M Meghil
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Scott Lowry
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Alexandre Romito
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christopher W Cutler
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Cristiano Susin
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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172
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Zhong H, Ren H, Lu Y, Fang C, Hou G, Yang Z, Chen B, Yang F, Zhao Y, Shi Z, Zhou B, Wu J, Zou H, Zi J, Chen J, Bao X, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zhang J, Xu X, Hou Y, Yang H, Wang J, Liu S, Jia H, Madsen L, Brix S, Kristiansen K, Liu F, Li J. Distinct gut metagenomics and metaproteomics signatures in prediabetics and treatment-naïve type 2 diabetics. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:373-383. [PMID: 31492563 PMCID: PMC6796533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiota plays important roles in modulating host metabolism. Previous studies have demonstrated differences in the gut microbiome of T2D and prediabetic individuals compared to healthy individuals, with distinct disease-related microbial profiles being reported in groups of different age and ethnicity. However, confounding factors such as anti-diabetic medication hamper identification of the gut microbial changes in disease development. Method We used a combination of in-depth metagenomics and metaproteomics analyses of faecal samples from treatment-naïve type 2 diabetic (TN-T2D, n = 77), pre-diabetic (Pre-DM, n = 80), and normal glucose tolerant (NGT, n = 97) individuals to investigate compositional and functional changes of the gut microbiota and the faecal content of microbial and host proteins in Pre-DM and treatment-naïve T2D individuals to elucidate possible host-microbial interplays characterizing different disease stages. Findings We observed distinct differences characterizing the gut microbiota of these three groups and validated several key features in an independent TN-T2D cohort. We also demonstrated that the content of several human antimicrobial peptides and pancreatic enzymes differed in faecal samples between three groups. Interpretation Our findings suggest a complex, disease stage-dependent interplay between the gut microbiota and the host and point to the value of metaproteomics to gain further insight into interplays between the gut microbiota and the host. Fund The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31601073), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC0909703) and the Shenzhen Municipal Government of China (No. JCYJ20170817145809215). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzi Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huahui Ren
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yan Lu
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Chao Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guixue Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Bing Chen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Fangming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Centre, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Zhun Shi
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Baojin Zhou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jiegen Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Hua Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Centre, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jin Zi
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiao Bao
- China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yong Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Huijue Jia
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Lise Madsen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Fang Liu
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Junhua Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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173
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Zhang L, Wang YM. Expression and function of lncRNA ANRIL in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Chin Med Assoc 2019; 82:685-692. [PMID: 31469688 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study intends to explore whether lncRNA ANRIL has an influence on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to further investigate the underlying mechanism. METHODS The ANRIL level in peripheral blood from patients was detected by qRT-PCR. A T2DM mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ). MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Cardiac function parameters were measured using echocardiography. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was performed to determine the infarct size, and Masson staining was conducted to delineate the area of fibrosis in the myocardium. TUNEL staining was used to detect myocardial cell apoptosis. The expression of the myocardial fibrosis-related proteins TGF-β1, collagen I and collagen III was analysed using Western blot. RESULTS ANRIL was upregulated in peripheral venous blood from patients with T2DM-MI and in myocardial tissues from the established T2DM-MI model mice. Furthermore, ANRIL overexpression caused cardiac dysfunction and increased the heart/body weight rate and infarct size in the T2DM-MI mice. Moreover, ANRIL overexpression caused myocardial fibrosis and myocardial cell apoptosis, and it increased the expression of the myocardial fibrosis-related proteins TGF-β1, collagen I and collagen III in the T2DM-MI mice. However, ANRIL knockdown exerted the opposite effects. CONCLUSION ANRIL may be involved in the progression and development of T2DM-MI, which might provide novel ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Min Wang
- Department of Circulatory Medicine, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
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174
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Role of inflammation markers in the prediction of weight gain and development of obesity in adults - A prospective study. Metabol Open 2019; 3:100016. [PMID: 32812925 PMCID: PMC7424817 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2019.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims There is a growing body of literature confirming the association between inflammation and obesity. Recent research suggests that inflammation may play a role in weight gain. The aim of the study was to analyse whether serum inflammatory markers predict weight gain or development of obesity in a prospective study design. Methods and results The baseline study (DILGOM 2007) consists of a population-based sample of 5024 Finnish men and women aged 25–75 years, of whom 3735 participated in the follow-up study in 2014. Baseline data collection included a questionnaire on health behaviour, physical examinations and blood samples including serum high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha) and high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW adiponectin). Indicators of obesity were weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and body fat percentage (% body fat). At baseline hs-CRP, IL-1Ra, IL-6, TNF-alpha and HMW adiponectin associated strongly (p < 0.0001) with obesity indicators. After adjustment for several potential predictors of obesity, hs-CRP and IL-1Ra associated inversely with changes in obesity indicators during the 7-year follow-up. These associations disappeared, however, after further adjustment for baseline BMI. Only HMW adiponectin retained a modest positive association with the change in weight (p = 0.008), in BMI (p = 0.007) and in waist circumference (p = 0.002). Conclusion These findings suggest that the inflammatory markers, although highly associated with obesity, do not predict weight gain in an adult population. This could translate into inflammation being a result of obesity rather than a contributing factor to it.
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175
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García-Ojalvo A, Berlanga Acosta J, Figueroa-Martínez A, Béquet-Romero M, Mendoza-Marí Y, Fernández-Mayola M, Fabelo-Martínez A, Guillén-Nieto G. Systemic translation of locally infiltrated epidermal growth factor in diabetic lower extremity wounds. Int Wound J 2019; 16:1294-1303. [PMID: 31429187 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the most frightened diabetic complications leading to amputation disability and early mortality. Diabetic wounds exhibit a complex networking of inflammatory cytokines, local proteases, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as a pathogenic polymicrobial biofilm, overall contributing to wound chronification and host homeostasis imbalance. Intralesional infiltration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) has emerged as a therapeutic alternative to diabetic wound healing, reaching responsive cells while avoiding the deleterious effect of proteases and the biofilm on the wound's surface. The present study shows that intralesional therapy with EGF is associated with the systemic attenuation of pro-inflammatory markers along with redox balance recovery. A total of 11 diabetic patients with neuropathic foot ulcers were studied before and 3 weeks after starting EGF treatment. Evaluations comprised plasma levels of pro-inflammatory, redox balance, and glycation markers. Pro-inflammatory markers such as erythrosedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble FAS, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha were significantly reduced by EGF therapy. Oxidative capacity, nitrite/nitrate ratio, and pentosidine were also reduced, while soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products significantly increased. Overall, our results indicate that the local intralesional infiltration of EGF translates in systemic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, as in attenuation of the glycation products' negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana García-Ojalvo
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Jorge Berlanga Acosta
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Alain Figueroa-Martínez
- Diabetic Foot Ulcer Service, National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Salvador Allende Hospital, Havana, Cuba
| | - Mónica Béquet-Romero
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yssel Mendoza-Marí
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Maday Fernández-Mayola
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Amirelia Fabelo-Martínez
- Diabetic Foot Ulcer Service, National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Salvador Allende Hospital, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gerardo Guillén-Nieto
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
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176
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Shiau MY, Chuang PH, Yang CP, Hsiao CW, Chang SW, Chang KY, Liu TM, Chen HW, Chuang CC, Yuan SY, Chang YH. Mechanism of Interleukin-4 Reducing Lipid Deposit by Regulating Hormone-Sensitive Lipase. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11974. [PMID: 31427606 PMCID: PMC6700157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation participates in the pathophysiological progress from insulin resistance, obesity, metabolic abnormalities, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our previous study reveals that interleukin-4 (IL-4) inhibits adipogenesis and promotes lipolysis to decrease lipid deposits by enhancing the activity of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). The present study further dissects and characterizes the molecular mechanism of IL-4 in regulating HSL expression and lipolytic activity in the terminal differentiated 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes. Our results showed that IL-4 increased cAMP which then enhanced PKA activity and subsequent phosphorylation of HSL and perilipin. The phosphorylated HSL (p-HSL) translocated from cytoplasm to the surface of lipid droplets and exhibited lipolytic function. After being phosphorylated, p-perilipin also facilitated lipolysis through interacting with p-HSL. The in vitro findings were further verified by in vivo study in which IL-4 exhibited pro-lipolytic activity and enhanced HSL activity. In summary, the net outcome of IL-4 treatment is to reduce lipid storage by promoting lipolysis through enhancing HSL activity via cAMP/PKA pathway, the major route leading to lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yuh Shiau
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hua Chuang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wan Hsiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yun Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Wen Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Chuang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Yun Yuan
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Hsin Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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177
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Aparicio-Siegmund S, Garbers Y, Flynn CM, Waetzig GH, Gouni-Berthold I, Krone W, Berthold HK, Laudes M, Rose-John S, Garbers C. The IL-6-neutralizing sIL-6R-sgp130 buffer system is disturbed in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E411-E420. [PMID: 31237452 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00166.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). IL-6 exerts its pleiotropic effects via the IL-6 α-receptor (IL-6R), which exists in membrane-bound and soluble (sIL-6R) forms and activates cells via the β-receptor glycoprotein 130 (gp130). The nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2228145 (Asp358Ala) within the IL6R locus is associated with T2D. The aim of this study was to determine whether sIL-6R in combination with soluble gp130 (sgp130) is able to form an IL-6-neutralizing buffer in healthy subjects and whether this is disturbed in T2D. We found that sIL-6R-sgp130 indeed forms an IL-6-neutralizing buffer in the serum of healthy humans, whose capacity is controlled by the SNP of the IL-6R. Circulating sIL-6R-sgp130 levels were lower in T2D subjects (P < 0.001), whereas IL-6 was high and inversely correlated with sIL-6R (r = -0.57, P < 0.001), indicating a severe disturbance of the buffer. This phenomenon is also observed in sex- and age-matched patients with both T2D and atherosclerosis but not in patients with atherosclerosis alone. In conclusion, sIL-6R and sgp130 serum levels were significantly lower in T2D patients compared with healthy subjects or atherosclerosis patients, although IL-6 levels were high. These data suggest that disturbance of the protective buffer may be closely associated with T2D pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ioanna Gouni-Berthold
- Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Krone
- Polyclinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Heiner K Berthold
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Bethel Clinic, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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178
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Wu Y, Sun G, Zhou X, Zhong C, Chen R, Xiong T, Li Q, Yi N, Xiong G, Hao L, Yang N, Yang X. Pregnancy dietary cholesterol intake, major dietary cholesterol sources, and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:1525-1534. [PMID: 31296343 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The Scientific Report of 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee recommended the elimination of dietary cholesterol limits. However, cholesterol intake increases during pregnancy and studies regarding the association between dietary cholesterol and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are limited. We evaluate the association of total dietary cholesterol and different sources of cholesterol intake during pregnancy, with GDM risk and blood glucose levels in a Chinese prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 2124 pregnant women from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort was included. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary cholesterol intake prior to GDM diagnosis. GDM was diagnosed by the 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. Cubic-restricted spline function and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between dietary cholesterol intake during pregnancy and GDM. Generalized linear models were conducted to examine the associations of cholesterol intake with fasting blood glucose (FBG), 1-h post-load blood glucose (PBG) and 2-h PBG. RESULTS The average dietary cholesterol intake was 379.1 mg/d, and cholesterol from eggs explained 64.2% of the variability. Total dietary cholesterol intake and cholesterol from eggs rather than other foods, were linearly associated with GDM risk, with adjusted OR for GDM of 2.10 (95%CI: 1.24, 3.58) for total cholesterol intake and 1.83 (95%CI: 1.08, 3.07) for cholesterol from eggs comparing the highest versus lowest quintile. A 100-mg/d increase in total cholesterol and cholesterol from eggs intake were associated with an increased GDM risk by 18% and 16%, respectively. Moreover, higher maternal dietary total cholesterol could increase FBG and 1-h PBG, while cholesterol from eggs increased FBG only. CONCLUSION Higher dietary cholesterol from eggs intake during pregnancy was associated with greater risk of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunrong Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Renjuan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nianhua Yi
- Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Liping Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nianhong Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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179
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Obesity and cardiovascular risk: a call for action from the European Society of Hypertension Working Group of Obesity, Diabetes and the High-risk Patient and European Association for the Study of Obesity: part A: mechanisms of obesity induced hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia and practice guidelines for treatment. J Hypertens 2019; 36:1427-1440. [PMID: 29634663 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
: Obesity is a key factor for cardiovascular diseases and complications. Obesity is associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia and type II diabetes, which are the major predictors of cardiovascular disease in the future. It predisposes for atrial fibrillation, heart failure, sudden cardiac death, renal disease and ischemic stroke that are the main causes of cardiovascular hospitalization and mortality. As obesity and the cardiovascular effects on the vessels and the heart start early in life, even from childhood, it is important for health policies to prevent obesity very early before the disease manifestation emerge. Key roles in the prevention are strategies to increase physical exercise, reduce body weight and to prevent or treat hypertension, lipids disorders and diabetes earlier and efficiently to prevent cardiovascular complications.Epidemiology and mechanisms of obesity-induced hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia will be reviewed and the role of lifestyle modification and treatment strategies in obesity will be updated and analyzed. The best treatment options for people with obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia will discussed.
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180
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Emamalipour M, Seidi K, Jahanban‐Esfahlan A, Jahanban‐Esfahlan R. Implications of resistin in type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: Impairing insulin function and inducing pro‐inflammatory cytokines. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21758-21769. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Emamalipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Khaled Seidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ali Jahanban‐Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Rana Jahanban‐Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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181
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Cao Q, Chen X, Huang C, Pollock CA. MicroRNA as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in diabetic kidney disease: An update. FASEB Bioadv 2019; 1:375-388. [PMID: 32123840 PMCID: PMC6996361 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2018-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a life-limiting condition characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of renal function. Currently, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria are used as key markers to define DKD. However, they may not accurately indicate the degree of renal dysfunction and injury. Current therapeutic approaches for DKD, including attainment of blood pressure goals, optimal control of blood glucose and lipid levels, and the use of agents to block the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) can only slow the progression of DKD. Hence, early diagnosis and innovative strategies are needed to both prevent and treat DKD. In recent years, a novel class of noncoding RNA, microRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be involved in all biological processes, including cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by posttranscriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. They are found to be in virtually all body fluids and used successfully as biomarkers for various diseases. Urinary miRNAs correlate with clinical and histologic parameters in DKD and differential urinary miRNA expression patterns have been reported. Kidney fibrosis is the common end stage of various CKD including DKD. Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) is regarded as the master regulator of kidney fibrosis, which is likely at least in part through regulating miRNA expression. miRNA are widely involved in the progression of DKD via many molecular mechanisms. In this review, the involvement of miRNA in fibrosis, inflammation, hypertrophy, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and podocyte injury will be discussed, as these mechanisms are believed to offer new therapeutic targets that can be exploited to develop important treatments for DKD over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Cao
- Renal Research LaboratoryKolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore hospitalSt Leonards, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Xin‐Ming Chen
- Renal Research LaboratoryKolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore hospitalSt Leonards, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Chunling Huang
- Renal Research LaboratoryKolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore hospitalSt Leonards, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Renal Research LaboratoryKolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore hospitalSt Leonards, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Climie RE, van Sloten TT, Bruno RM, Taddei S, Empana JP, Stehouwer CD, Sharman JE, Boutouyrie P, Laurent S. Macrovasculature and Microvasculature at the Crossroads Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. Hypertension 2019; 73:1138-1149. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Climie
- From the INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), France (R.E.C., T.T.v.S., R.-M.B., J.-P.E.)
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (R.E.C.)
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmanian, Hobart, Australia (R.E.C., J.E.S.)
| | - Thomas T. van Sloten
- From the INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), France (R.E.C., T.T.v.S., R.-M.B., J.-P.E.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands (T.T.v.S., C.D.A.S.)
| | - Rosa-Maria Bruno
- From the INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), France (R.E.C., T.T.v.S., R.-M.B., J.-P.E.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (R.-M.B., S.T.)
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (R.-M.B., S.T.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Empana
- From the INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), France (R.E.C., T.T.v.S., R.-M.B., J.-P.E.)
| | - Coen D.A. Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands (T.T.v.S., C.D.A.S.)
| | - James E. Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmanian, Hobart, Australia (R.E.C., J.E.S.)
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- INSERM, U970, APHP. Paris Descartes University, Paris, France (P.B., S.L.)
| | - Stéphane Laurent
- INSERM, U970, APHP. Paris Descartes University, Paris, France (P.B., S.L.)
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183
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Vitamin B6 intake and incidence of diabetic retinopathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: analysis of data from the Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS). Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1585-1594. [PMID: 31152214 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although vitamin B6 has been suspected to prevent the progression of diabetic retinopathy, evidence of this in patients with type 2 diabetes based on longitudinal studies is sparse. This study investigated the relationship between vitamin B6 intake and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The study was part of an examination of a nationwide cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes aged 40-70 years with HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol. After excluding nonresponders to a dietary survey using the Food Frequency Questionnaire based on food groups, 978 patients were analyzed. Primary outcome was the 8-year risk of a diabetic retinopathy event, and Cox regression analyses estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for retinopathy according to vitamin B6 intake adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, HbA1c, smoking, energy intake, and other confounders. RESULTS Mean vitamin B6 intake in quartiles ranged from 1.1 to 1.6 mg/day, and half of the participants had vitamin B6 intake below the recommended daily dietary allowance according to dietary reference intakes in Japanese adults (men 1.4 mg/day; women 1.2 mg/day). After adjusting for confounders, HRs for diabetic retinopathy in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile groups of vitamin B6 intake compared with the 1st quartile group were 1.17 (95% confidence interval 0.81-1.69, p = 0.403), 0.88 (0.58-1.34, p = 0.550), and 0.50 (0.30-0.85, p = 0.010), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggested that high vitamin B6 intake was associated with a lower incidence of diabetic retinopathy in Japanese with type 2 diabetes.
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184
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Abstract
The NIH Human Microbiome Project (HMP) has been carried out over ten years and two phases to provide resources, methods, and discoveries that link interactions between humans and their microbiomes to health-related outcomes. The recently completed second phase, the Integrative Human Microbiome Project, comprised studies of dynamic changes in the microbiome and host under three conditions: pregnancy and preterm birth; inflammatory bowel diseases; and stressors that affect individuals with prediabetes. The associated research begins to elucidate mechanisms of host-microbiome interactions under these conditions, provides unique data resources (at the HMP Data Coordination Center), and represents a paradigm for future multi-omic studies of the human microbiome.
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185
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Longitudinal multi-omics of host-microbe dynamics in prediabetes. Nature 2019; 569:663-671. [PMID: 31142858 PMCID: PMC6666404 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a growing health problem, but little is known about its early disease stages, its effects on biological processes or the transition to clinical T2D. To understand the earliest stages of T2D better, we obtained samples from 106 healthy individuals and individuals with prediabetes over approximately four years and performed deep profiling of transcriptomes, metabolomes, cytokines, and proteomes, as well as changes in the microbiome. This rich longitudinal data set revealed many insights: first, healthy profiles are distinct among individuals while displaying diverse patterns of intra- and/or inter-personal variability. Second, extensive host and microbial changes occur during respiratory viral infections and immunization, and immunization triggers potentially protective responses that are distinct from responses to respiratory viral infections. Moreover, during respiratory viral infections, insulin-resistant participants respond differently than insulin-sensitive participants. Third, global co-association analyses among the thousands of profiled molecules reveal specific host-microbe interactions that differ between insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive individuals. Last, we identified early personal molecular signatures in one individual that preceded the onset of T2D, including the inflammation markers interleukin-1 receptor agonist (IL-1RA) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) paired with xenobiotic-induced immune signalling. Our study reveals insights into pathways and responses that differ between glucose-dysregulated and healthy individuals during health and disease and provides an open-access data resource to enable further research into healthy, prediabetic and T2D states.
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186
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Statin Use and the Point Prevalence of Antibiotics in Ambulatory Patients with Diabetes in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2012. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8020064. [PMID: 31137765 PMCID: PMC6627739 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with diabetes, the risk of infections is increased, hypothesized to be due to alterations in the immune system, among other changes. The pleotropic effects of statins have been investigated to assess their role in reducing the risk of infection and infection-related outcomes with varying results. The aim of this study is to determine if the use of statins is associated with a decrease in the point prevalence of oral antibiotic use in ambulatory patients with diabetes. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2012, all adult patients diagnosed with diabetes were analyzed. Patients were grouped into those who were prescribed statins and those who were not. Oral antibiotic use between the two groups was compared. Data were standardized to national estimates. A total of 3240 patients with diabetes were identified, with 1575 statin users and 1665 non-statin users. After controlling for baseline socio-demographic and clinical variables, the overall point prevalence of oral antibiotic use in diabetes population was 3.5% with no difference between statin users and non-statin users (2.9% vs. 4%, p = 0.116). Based on the results of this study, the use of statins in patients with diabetes was not associated with a reduction in the point prevalence of antibiotic use.
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187
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Zouini B, Sfendla A, Senhaji M, Råstam M, Kerekes N. Somatic health and its association with negative psychosocial factors in a sample of Moroccan adolescents. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119852527. [PMID: 31205702 PMCID: PMC6535729 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119852527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adolescence is a distinct developmental phase characterized by multiple physical and psychological changes and by an increased vulnerability to somatic and mental health problems. These risk and vulnerability factors are part of a complex biopsychosocial matrix, encompassing multiple factors, such as inherited biological determinants and psychological, societal, and cultural influences, which affect an adolescent’s overall wellbeing. In Morocco, similar to other developing countries, adolescents (young people aged from 15 to 19 years) constitute a substantial proportion of the population (almost 9%). However, studies about adolescents’ health in developing countries are scarce. In this study, we describe adolescents’ somatic health in a sample of high school students from the city of Tetouan, Morocco, and investigate how negative psychosocial factors, such as parental alcohol use problems and/or the experience of abuse, may influence them. Methods: The study sample included 655 adolescents (315 boys and 340 girls, M = 16.64 years, range = 15–18 years) from conviniently selected classes of four high schools in the city of Tetouan in Morocco. The students responded to a survey that assessed the prevalence of somatic complaints/disorders. They also indicated whether they had ever experienced physical and/or psychological abuse and whether they had parents with alcohol use problems. Results: More than half of the adolescents suffered from headaches and one-third had substantial problems with diarrhea or constipation. Both problems were more common in female students. The third most frequent somatic problem, affecting one in four in both genders, was allergy. Almost one-third of Moroccan adolescents (significantly more boys than girls; p = 0.004) reported no somatic complaints. In adolescents who reported parental alcohol use problems and/or experience of physical and/or psychological abuse, the prevalence of several somatic complaints (epilepsy, migraine, headache, diarrhea/constipation, gluten intolerance, allergy, and skin or thyroid disease) increased highly significantly compared to the adolescents who reported no such psychosocial environmental factors. Conclusion: The results suggest that only 3 in 10 urban-living Moroccan adolescents are free of somatic complaints, while the majority suffer from some somatic problems, most often headaches and diarrhea/constipation. The association of certain negative psychosocial factors with adolescents’ somatic health suggests the need of a holistic approach to the treatment of affected adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Btissame Zouini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Anis Sfendla
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Meftaha Senhaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Maria Råstam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nóra Kerekes
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
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188
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Exploring Differences in the Rate of Type 2 Diabetes Among American Cities: How Urbanization Continues to Challenge the Traditional Epidemiological View. URBAN SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/urbansci3020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As the world’s largest urban regions continue to expand, a concomitant rise in non-communicable diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes, poses an increasingly ominous challenge to experts in the field of public health. Given that the majority of the world’s population (54%) resides in urban areas, a figure likely to reach two-thirds by 2050, this issue presents serious implications for medical practitioners as well as policymakers seeking to manage long-term healthcare costs while sustaining historic increases in life expectancy. To explore how these trends are continuing to affect the United States, a multiple regression analysis was conducted using data provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through their initiative, 500 Cities: Local Data for Better Health. The regression models revealed that larger cities reported significantly higher rates of type 2 diabetes even after controlling for variables that have been perennially linked to disease onset (e.g., levels of obesity, sedentary behavior). Implications are discussed, most notably the argument for moving beyond the ‘food desert’ paradigm when identifying and explaining which characteristics of larger cities place their residents at increased risk. This approach could help reveal opportunities for intervention that may not have garnered sufficient attention in the extant literature.
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189
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Ren N, Kim E, Li B, Pan H, Tong T, Yang CS, Tu Y. Flavonoids Alleviating Insulin Resistance through Inhibition of Inflammatory Signaling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5361-5373. [PMID: 30612424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During the past 20 years, many studies have focused on polyphenol compounds for their potential beneficial health effects. Flavonoids represent a large class of phenolic compounds found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cocoa, tea, and other beverages. Flavonoids have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Given the putative relationship between inflammation and insulin resistance, the consumption of flavonoids or flavonoid-rich foods has been suggested to reduce the risk of diabetes by targeting inflammatory signals. This is the first comprehensive review summarizing the current research progress on the inhibition of inflammation and alleviation of insulin resistance by flavonoids as well as the mechanistic link between these disorders. Laboratory and human studies on the activities of major flavonoids (flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, etc.) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ren
- Department of Tea Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Eunhye Kim
- Department of Tea Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Tea Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Pan
- Department of Tea Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tuantuan Tong
- Department of Tea Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Youying Tu
- Department of Tea Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , People's Republic of China
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190
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Coudriet GM, Stoops J, Orr AV, Bhushan B, Koral K, Lee S, Previte DM, Dong HH, Michalopoulos GK, Mars WM, Piganelli JD. A Noncanonical Role for Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Obesity-Induced Diabetes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1413-1422. [PMID: 31054988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes because of chronic hepatic inflammation and resultant insulin resistance. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is responsible for resetting hepatic homeostasis after injury following activation by urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA; encoded by the PLAU gene). Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1; encoded by the SERPINE1 gene), a u-PA inhibitor and antifibrinolytic agent, is often elevated in obesity and is linked to cardiovascular events. We hypothesized that, in addition to its role in preventing fibrinolysis, elevated PAI-1 inhibits HGF's activation by u-PA and the resultant anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties. Wild-type and PAI-1 knockout (KO) mice on a high-fat diet both became significantly heavier than lean controls; however, the obese KO mice demonstrated improved glucose metabolism compared with wild-type mice. Obese KO mice also exhibited an increase in conversion of latent single-chain HGF to active two-chain HGF, coinciding with an increase in the phosphorylation of the HGF receptor (HGFR or MET, encoded by the MET gene), as well as dampened inflammation. These results strongly suggest that, in addition to its other functions, PAI-mediated inhibition of HGF activation prohibits the resolution of inflammation in the context of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M Coudriet
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Stoops
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne V Orr
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly Koral
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sojin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dana M Previte
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - H Henry Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - George K Michalopoulos
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wendy M Mars
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Jon D Piganelli
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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191
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Abstract
The NIH Human Microbiome Project (HMP) has been carried out over ten years and two phases to provide resources, methods, and discoveries that link interactions between humans and their microbiomes to health-related outcomes. The recently completed second phase, the Integrative Human Microbiome Project, comprised studies of dynamic changes in the microbiome and host under three conditions: pregnancy and preterm birth; inflammatory bowel diseases; and stressors that affect individuals with prediabetes. The associated research begins to elucidate mechanisms of host-microbiome interactions under these conditions, provides unique data resources (at the HMP Data Coordination Center), and represents a paradigm for future multi-omic studies of the human microbiome.
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192
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Zheng DH, Han ZQ, Wang XX, Ma D, Zhang J. Erythropoietin attenuates high glucose-induced oxidative stress and inhibition of osteogenic differentiation in periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSCs). Chem Biol Interact 2019; 305:40-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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193
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Abd Elaaty TA, Ismail AA, Sheshtawy HA, Sultan EA, Ebrahim MG. Assessment of comorbid mild cognitive impairment and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1759-1764. [PMID: 31235090 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Depression, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia are highly prevalent chronic conditions associated with social, medical, and economic burdens. Although there are several epidemiological studies that have reported the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment or depressive syndrome in elderly diabetic population little is known about the comorbidity of these conditions. We aimed to study the prevalence of comorbid mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relation to glycemic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS the present work was carried on 400 patients with T2DM. History taking, physical examination, laboratory investigations (with special emphasis on glycemic profile and lipid profile parameters) were done for every patient. Assessment of anxiety and depression using the HADS score and assessment of mild cognitive impairment using MoCA score were done. RESULTS 76% of studied patients had depression of varying degrees while 56.8% of studied patients had MCI. Decreased level of HDL-cholesterol and increased HADS anxiety score were significant predictors of depression. On the other hand, increased level of total cholesterol, decreased level of HDL-cholesterol, increased HADS depression score and decreased MoCA score were significant predictors of anxiety. HDL-cholesterol HADS anxiety score, FBG, and duration of DM were the significant predictors of MCI. CONCLUSION Increased level of total cholesterol, decreased level of HDL-cholesterol, increased HADS depression score and decreased MoCA score were significant predictors of anxiety. HDL-cholesterol, HADS anxiety score, FBG, and duration of DM were the significant predictors of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talaat A Abd Elaaty
- Internal Medicine Department (Unit of Diabetes and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Azza A Ismail
- Internal Medicine Department (Unit of Diabetes and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hesham A Sheshtawy
- Neuro-psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman A Sultan
- Public Health, Preventive and Social Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G Ebrahim
- Internal Medicine Department (Unit of Diabetes and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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194
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Rahimi E, Ahmadi A, Boroumand MA, Mohammad Soltani B, Behmanesh M. Nutrient sensing pathway genes expression dysregulated in patients with T2DM and coronary artery disease. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 151:39-45. [PMID: 30935928 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder and its prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide. Patients with T2DM suffer from an increased risk of vascular complications. Of these, the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) causes the most mortality in patients with T2DM, however, its underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Nutrient sensing pathways which play a key role in sensing cellular energy and nutrients levels are reported to dysregulated in metabolic disease like T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of nutrient sensing genes including SIRT1, PRKAB1, PRKAB2 and mTOR in CAD+ versus CAD-T2DM patients. METHODS Sixty-five people with T2DM who referred to Tehran heart center were participated in this study. Based on coronary angiography data these individuals were classified into two groups: CAD+ T2DM (n = 34) and CAD-T2DM (n = 31). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from these patients and the expression levels of genes were evaluated by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Significant down-regulations of the SIRT1 (3.1-fold, p = 0.0013) and PRKAB1 (3.5-fold, p = 0.0001) mRNA expression were observed in CAD+ T2DM group in comparison with CAD-T2DM patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.8529 (p = 0.0001) and 0.7078 (p = 0.004) for PRKAB1 and SIRT1 respectively. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the dysregulation of genes involved in nutrient sensing pathway may be associated with the pathogenesis of CAD in patients with T2DM. Furthermore, the expression levels of these genes could be consider as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Rahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Boroumand
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1411713138, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
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Rashvand S, Mobasseri M, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. The Effects of Choline and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 38:714-721. [PMID: 31012803 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1599745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To our knowledge, no study has investigated the effects of choline and magnesium co-supplementation on metabolic parameters, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was investigation of the effects of the choline and magnesium co-supplementation on metabolic parameters, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in patients with T2DM.Methods: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel clinical trial was carried out among 96 diabetic patients. Ninety-six patients were randomly assigned to either choline, magnesium, choline-magnesium, or placebo for 2 months. Anthropometric measurement; metabolic, inflammatory, and endothelial markers; dietary intake; and physical activity were assessed at baseline and after treatment.Results: There was a significant change in serum magnesium in both magnesium and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). Also, significant changes were observed in interleukin (IL)-6 levels in magnesium and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels decreased in choline and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). When adjusted for potential confounders, inflammation and endothelial factors (IL-6 and VCAM-1) decreased significantly in the choline-magnesium group as compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Compared to baseline values there were no significant differences in all anthropometric measurements and metabolic factors among four groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Choline and magnesium co-supplementation was more effective in improving inflammation and endothelial dysfunction than supplementation with choline or magnesium alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Rashvand
- Nutrition Research Center, Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Professor, Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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196
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Uhre ML, Gotland N, Sandholdt H, Mejer N, Petersen A, Rhod Larsen A, Benfield T. Increased risk of diabetes mellitus five years after an episode of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. Infect Dis (Lond) 2019; 51:512-518. [PMID: 31012770 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2019.1602284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for infection with Staphylococcus aureus, but it is unclear whether S. aureus infection is a prediabetic condition. Methods: Nationwide population-based matched cohort study. Incidence rate and ratio with 95% confidence interval of diabetes were estimated by negative binomial regression. Results: Of 19,988 individuals with S. aureus bacteraemia and 185,579 population comparators, 667 and 4974 had a primary diagnose of diabetes within five years after discharge of S. aureus bacteraemia corresponding to a more than double risk of diabetes (adjusted incidence rate ratio 2.28 (95% confidence interval: 2.10-2.46)). Other factors associated with an increased risk of diabetes during follow-up were male sex, increasing age and level of comorbidity. Of the S. aureus bacteraemia and population cohort, 422 (2.11%) and 4048 (2.18%), respectively, developed diabetes without complications, while 245 (1.23%) and 926 (0.50%), respectively, developed diabetes with complications. Rates of diabetes without complication were increased for individuals in the S. aureus bacteraemia cohort compared to the population cohort within the first two years after which rates were comparable while rates of diabetes with complications remained higher throughout the five year follow-up period compared to the population cohort. Conclusions: The risk of diabetes was markedly increased up to five years after S. aureus bacteraemia compared to a population cohort. In addition to screening for diabetes during hospital admittance, screening cases of S. aureus bacteraemia for diabetes in the years following S. aureus bacteraemia may allow for earlier detection of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Uhre
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hvidovre , Denmark.,b Department of Medicine , Nykoebing Falster Hospital , Nykoebing Falster , Denmark
| | - Nanja Gotland
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hvidovre , Denmark
| | - Haakon Sandholdt
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hvidovre , Denmark.,c Clinical Research Centre , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hvidovre , Denmark
| | - Niels Mejer
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hvidovre , Denmark
| | - Andreas Petersen
- d Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance and Staphylococci , Statens Serum Institut , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anders Rhod Larsen
- d Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance and Staphylococci , Statens Serum Institut , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Thomas Benfield
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Hvidovre , Denmark.,e Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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197
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Suhett LG, Hermsdorff HHM, Rocha NP, Silva MA, Filgueiras MDS, Milagres LC, Peluzio MDCG, de Novaes JF. Increased C-Reactive Protein in Brazilian Children: Association with Cardiometabolic Risk and Metabolic Syndrome Components (PASE Study). Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:3904568. [PMID: 31143476 PMCID: PMC6501180 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3904568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of subclinical inflammation that has been found to be associated with cardiovascular disease risk. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between CRP and cardiometabolic markers in a representative sample of prepubescent children. The objective was to evaluate the high-sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) and its association with traditional and nontraditional cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in Brazilian children. This is a cross-sectional representative study, with participants of the Schoolchildren Health Assessment Survey (PASE). Children from 8 to 9 years old (n=350) enrolled in public and private schools in the municipality of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were evaluated. Sociodemographic evaluation was performed through a semistructured questionnaire. Anthropometric, body composition, clinical, and biochemical measures were analyzed for cardiometabolic risk assessment. The total mean of serum hs-CRP concentration was 0.62 (±1.44) mg/L. hs-CRP was significantly correlated with several anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical parameters in this population (P < 0.05). hs-CRP was positively associated with the accumulation of cardiometabolic risk factors and MetS components (P < 0.05). Children with excessive weight; abdominal obesity; increased gynoid and android body fat; low HDL-c; hyperglycemia; and elevated uric acid, homocysteine, and apoB had higher chances of presenting increased hs-CRP (P < 0.05). In this study, Brazilian children with cardiometabolic risk already presented elevated serum hs-CRP concentration. hs-CRP was associated with the increase of traditional and nontraditional cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as the accumulation of MetS components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gomes Suhett
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Naruna Pereira Rocha
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariane Alves Silva
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana De Santis Filgueiras
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luana Cupertino Milagres
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Farias de Novaes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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198
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Oluwajuyitan TD, Ijarotimi OS. Nutritional, antioxidant, glycaemic index and Antihyperglycaemic properties of improved traditional plantain-based ( Musa AAB) dough meal enriched with tigernut ( Cyperus esculentus) and defatted soybean ( Glycine max) flour for diabetic patients. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01504. [PMID: 31025013 PMCID: PMC6475862 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed at determining nutritional, antioxidant and blood glucose lowering potentials of improved plantain-based dough meals enriched with defatted soybean and tigernut flour. The constituted dough meals [PSB (plantain 64.46, defatted soybean 35.54%), TNS (tigernut 59.83, defatted soybean 40.17%); PTS (plantain 51.07, tigernut, 11.50, defatted soybean, 37.43%); TNT (100% tigernuts); PLT (100% plantain) and CNT (a commercial flour)] were evaluated for nutritional, antioxidant and blood glucose concentration in streptozotocin-induced diabetics rats. The improved dough meals contained appreciable amount of protein, energy value, and high in antioxidative activity than PLT. Blood glucose reducing potential of improved plantain-based dough meals (60.5-71.9%) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was higher than PLT, but comparable to acarbose (anti-diabetic drug) (69%). The present study established that improved traditional plantain-based dough meals (particularly PTS) was high in essential nutrients, antioxidative activities, and blood glucose reducing potentials. Hence, the dough-meals may be suitable for diabetes management.
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199
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El-Ashmawy HM, Selim FO, Hosny TAM, Almassry HN. Association of low serum Meteorin like (Metrnl) concentrations with worsening of glucose tolerance, impaired endothelial function and atherosclerosis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 150:57-63. [PMID: 30825562 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Meteorin-like (Metrnl) is a novel secreted protein that has a beneficial effect on glucose homeostasis with anti-inflammatory properties. Our goal is to determine whether low serum Metrnl levels are associated with worsening of glucose tolerance, impaired endothelial function, and atherosclerosis. METHODS This study included 260 adults, 89 of whom had normal oral glucose tolerance (nOGT), 77 with glucose tolerance impairment (GTI) and 94 with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Insulin resistance was assessed by evaluating the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum Metrnl level, proinflammatory, biochemical, endothelial and atherosclerosis parameters were measured. RESULTS Serum Metrnl levels decreased significantly in patients with T2DM versus subjects with nOGT (P < 0.001). Metrnl levels were negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, 2-h postload glucose (2 h-PLG), fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin. High serum Metrnl level was significantly correlated with reduced risk of T2DM as revealed by multivariate logistic regression analysis after control of potential risk factors for diabetes. Furthermore, the association remains significant after further adjustment for IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP, CIMT, baPWV, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin. CONCLUSIONS Low Serum Metrnl may be associated with worsening of glucose tolerance, impaired endothelial function and atherosclerosis. It may also be considered a possible surrogate marker of endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis and an independent risk factor of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem M El-Ashmawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Egypt.
| | | | - Thoraya A M Hosny
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
| | - Hosam N Almassry
- Department of Radio-diagnosis, Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
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200
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Afrisham R, Paknejad M, Soliemanifar O, Sadegh-Nejadi S, Meshkani R, Ashtary-Larky D. The Influence of Psychological Stress on the Initiation and Progression of Diabetes and Cancer. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2019; 17:e67400. [PMID: 31372166 PMCID: PMC6628619 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.67400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Psychological stress can be considered a risk factor for the initiation and progression of many pathological conditions, including type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer. OBJECTIVES The aim of this review article was to evaluate the molecular and cellular mechanisms linking psychological stress to the onset and progression of diabetes and cancer. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The current review was conducted to survey and analyze studies related to the effects of psychological stress on diabetes and cancer. RESULTS Psychological stress may make individuals prone to the development of diabetes through the impairment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, sympathetic nerves system (SNS), lipid profile, cytokines balance, renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and insulin signaling pathway. Additionally, psychological stress can contribute to the development of cancer through the perturbation in the HPA axis, SNS function, and cytokines balance. Psychological stress is also capable of decreasing the levels of oxytocin and dopamine, leading to an increased risk of cancer in susceptible individuals. CONCLUSIONS It seems that psychological stress plays a significant role in the onset and progression of diabetes and cancer. The identification of the pathways triggered by psychological stress would open up a new avenue for the understanding of molecular mechanisms by which diabetes and cancer could be managed or even prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Afrisham
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-9169396300,
| | - Maliheh Paknejad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Soliemanifar
- General Department of Education in Khuzestan Province, Department of Education in the City of Khorramshahr, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Sahar Sadegh-Nejadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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