151
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Huang Y, Cai X, Mai W, Li M, Hu Y. Association between prediabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2016; 355:i5953. [PMID: 27881363 PMCID: PMC5121106 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i5953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 572] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate associations between different definitions of prediabetes and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality. DESIGN Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar). SELECTION CRITERIA Prospective cohort studies from general populations were included for meta-analysis if they reported adjusted relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for associations between the risk of composite cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, all cause mortality, and prediabetes. REVIEW METHODS Two authors independently reviewed and selected eligible studies, based on predetermined selection criteria. Prediabetes was defined as impaired fasting glucose according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association (IFG-ADA; fasting glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/L), the WHO expert group (IFG-WHO; fasting glucose 6.1-6.9 mmol/L), impaired glucose tolerance (2 hour plasma glucose concentration 7.8-11.0 mmol/L during an oral glucose tolerance test), or raised haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 39-47 mmol/mol : (5.7-6.4%) according to ADA criteria or 42-47 mmol/mol (6.0-6.4%) according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline. The relative risks of all cause mortality and cardiovascular events were calculated and reported with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS 53 prospective cohort studies with 1 611 339 individuals were included for analysis. The median follow-up duration was 9.5 years. Compared with normoglycaemia, prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose according to IFG-ADA or IFG-WHO criteria) was associated with an increased risk of composite cardiovascular disease (relative risk 1.13, 1.26, and 1.30 for IFG-ADA, IFG-WHO, and impaired glucose tolerance, respectively), coronary heart disease (1.10, 1.18, and 1.20, respectively), stroke (1.06, 1.17, and 1.20, respectively), and all cause mortality (1.13, 1.13 and 1.32, respectively). Increases in HBA1c to 39-47 mmol/mol or 42-47 mmol/mol were both associated with an increased risk of composite cardiovascular disease (1.21 and 1.25, respectively) and coronary heart disease (1.15 and 1.28, respectively), but not with an increased risk of stroke and all cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Prediabetes, defined as impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, or raised HbA1c, was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The health risk might be increased in people with a fasting glucose concentration as low as 5.6 mmol/L or HbA1c of 39 mmol/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Shunde (Affiliated Hospital at Shunde, Southern Medical University), Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Clinical Medicine Research Centre, First People's Hospital of Shunde (Affiliated Hospital at Shunde, Southern Medical University), Foshan, China
| | - Weiyi Mai
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meijun Li
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Shunde (Affiliated Hospital at Shunde, Southern Medical University), Foshan, 528300, China
- Department of Cardiology, Graduate College, Guangdong medical university, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yunzhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Shunde (Affiliated Hospital at Shunde, Southern Medical University), Foshan, 528300, China
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152
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Berezin AE, Kremzer A, Berezina T, Martovitskaya Y. The signature of circulating microparticles in heart failure patients with metabolic syndrome. J Circ Biomark 2016; 5:1849454416663659. [PMID: 28936261 PMCID: PMC5548327 DOI: 10.1177/1849454416663659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of pattern of circulating endothelial cell-derived microparticles, platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs), and monocyte-derived microparticles (MMPs) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is not still understood. The aim of the study was to investigate a pattern of circulating microparticles (MPs) in MetS patients with CHF in relation to neurohumoral and inflammatory activation. The study retrospectively involved 101 patients with MetS and 35 healthy volunteers. Biomarkers were measured at baseline of the study. The results of the study have shown that numerous circulating PMPs- and MMPs in subjects with MetS (with or without CHF) insufficiently distinguished from level obtained in healthy volunteers. We found elevated level of CD31+/annexin V+ MPs in association with lower level of CD62E+ MPs. Therefore, we found that biomarkers of biomechanical stress serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide and inflammation (high-sensitive C-reactive protein ,osteoprotegerin) remain statistically significant predictors for decreased CD62E+ to CD31+/annexin V+ ratio in MetS patients with CHF. In conclusion, decreased CD62E+ to CD31+/annexin V+ ratio reflected that impaired immune phenotype of MPs may be discussed as a surrogate marker of CHF development in MetS population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Berezin
- Consultant of the Therapeutic Unit, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Kremzer
- Consultant of the Therapeutic Unit, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
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153
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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children aged 5-9 years from southwest colombia: a cross-sectional study. World J Pediatr 2016; 12:477-483. [PMID: 26830308 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-016-0008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploration of cardiometabolic alterations in the pre-adolescent stage is necessary to characterize possible patterns for matabolic syndrome (MetS) in the earliest stages of the life. However, defining specific cutoff points for metabolic and vascular markers represents a complex task in pre-adolescent populations. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and its components in children aged 5-9 years old by using the MetS definition for adolescents with the lowest cut-off points, and evaluate its relationship with overweight and socio-demographic determinants. METHODS A total of 494 children were evaluated. Multivariate models with filtered variables in preliminary univarite analyses were built to find predictive factors of MetS and its components. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 8.7% in the studied children. Multivariate models showed that age, overweight and low socioeconomic stratum were associated with MetS; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was not significantly associated with any variable; high triglycerides were positively associated with age, overweight and inversely associated with kilocalories/day; female gender was the only variable significantly associated with high fasting glucose (inverse association); and age, gender and overweight were significant factors for increased waist circumference. In the case of high blood pressure, no variable was classified to the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION This study showed disturbing figures regarding cardiometabolic risk in the children based on comparisons with studies in adolescents. Further studies are needed to confirm the utility of the de Ferranti Mets definition in children.
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154
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Yang L, Xu Z, He M, Yang H, Li X, Min X, Zhang C, Xu C, Angileri F, Légaré S, Yuan J, Miao X, Guo H, Yao P, Wu T, Zhang X. Sleep Duration and Midday Napping with 5-Year Incidence and Reversion of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese. Sleep 2016; 39:1911-1918. [PMID: 27450688 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.6214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Prospective evidence on the association of sleep duration and midday napping with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is limited. We aimed to examine the associations of sleep duration and midday napping with risk of incidence and reversion of MetS and its components among a middle-aged and older Chinese population. METHODS We included 14,399 subjects from the Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) Cohort Study (2008-2013) who were free of coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer at baseline. Baseline data were obtained by questionnaires and health examinations. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived from multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS After controlling for potential covariates, longer sleep duration (≥ 9 h) was associated with a higher risk of MetS incidence (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08-1.55) and lower reversion of MetS (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.96) compared with sleep duration of 7 to < 8 h; whereas shorter sleep duration (< 6 h) was not related to incidence or reversion of MetS. For midday napping, subjects with longer napping (≥ 90 min) was also associated with a higher risk of MetS incidence and a lower risk of MetS reversion compared with those with napping of 1 to < 30 min (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.05-2.10 and OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52-0.94, respectively). Significance for incidence or reversion of certain MetS components remained in shorter and longer sleepers but disappeared across napping categories. CONCLUSIONS Both longer sleep duration and longer midday napping were potential risk factors for MetS incidence, and concurrently exert adverse effects on MetS reversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangle Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengguang Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiulou Li
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xinwen Min
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chengwei Xu
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Francesca Angileri
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sébastien Légaré
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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155
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Krakauer NY, Krakauer JC. An Anthropometric Risk Index Based on Combining Height, Weight, Waist, and Hip Measurements. J Obes 2016; 2016:8094275. [PMID: 27830087 PMCID: PMC5088335 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8094275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) can be considered an application of a power law model to express body weight independently of height. Based on the same power law principle, we previously introduced a body shape index (ABSI) to be independent of BMI and height. Here, we develop a new hip index (HI) whose normalized value is independent of height, BMI, and ABSI. Similar to BMI, HI demonstrates a U-shaped relationship to mortality in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) population. We further develop a new anthropometric risk index (ARI) by adding log hazard ratios from separate nonlinear regressions of the four indicators, height, BMI, ABSI, and HI, against NHANES III mortality hazard. ARI far outperforms any of the individual indicators as a linear mortality predictor in NHANES III. The superior performance of ARI also holds for predicting mortality hazard in the independent Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. Thus, HI, along with BMI and ABSI, can capture the risk profile associated with body size and shape. These can be combined in a risk indicator that utilizes complementary information from height, weight, and waist and hip circumference. The combined ARI is promising for further research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Y. Krakauer
- Department of Civil Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
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156
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Tan C, Sasagawa Y, Kamo KI, Kukitsu T, Noda S, Ishikawa K, Yamauchi N, Saikawa T, Noro T, Nakamura H, Takahashi F, Sata F, Tada M, Kokai Y. Evaluation of the Japanese Metabolic Syndrome Risk Score (JAMRISC): a newly developed questionnaire used as a screening tool for diagnosing metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in Japan. Environ Health Prev Med 2016; 21:470-479. [PMID: 27699688 PMCID: PMC5112197 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-016-0568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To prevent the onset of lifestyle-related diseases associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Japan, research into the development of a useful screening method is strongly desired. We developed a new screening questionnaire (JAMRISC) utilizing a logistic regression model and evaluated its ability to predict the development of MetS, type 2 diabetes and other lifestyle-related diseases in Japanese populace. Methods JAMRISC questionnaire was sent to 1,850 individuals in Rumoi, a small city in Hokkaido. We received a total of 1,054 valid responses. To maximize the target individuals accurately diagnosed with MetS, logistic regression analysis was used to generate a unique metabolic syndrome score calculation formula as taking into consideration the clinical relevance of each question item as individual coefficients. Results The results of our comparative research utilizing both JAMRISC and Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaires revealed the usefulness of JAMRISC for its ability to detect risks for MetS, pre-MetS, diabetes, and pre-diabetes. Study of disease risk detection via JAMRISC questionnaire targeting the 4283 residents of Rumoi indicated a high detection rate for pre-MetS (98.8 %), MetS (94.2 %), pre-diabetes (85.1 %) and type 2 diabetes (94.9 %). In addition, JAMRISC was useful not only as a MetS risk score test, but also as a screening tool for diagnosing insulin resistance. Conclusions JAMRISC questionnaire is a useful instrument for the detection of early risk of not only MetS and type 2 diabetes but also insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Tan
- Department of General Medicine, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, 2-16-1 Sinonome, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sasagawa
- Department of General Medicine, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, 2-16-1 Sinonome, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan.
| | - Ken-Ichi Kamo
- Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kukitsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Sayaka Noda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Kazuma Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Natsumi Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Saikawa
- Department of General Medicine, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, 2-16-1 Sinonome, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Takanori Noro
- Department of General Medicine, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, 2-16-1 Sinonome, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Hajime Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sata
- NPO Rumoi Cohortopia, Rumoi, 077-0028, Japan.,Health Center, Chuo University, Tokyo, 162-8473, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Tada
- NPO Rumoi Cohortopia, Rumoi, 077-0028, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rumoi Municipal Hospital, Rumoi, 077-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kokai
- NPO Rumoi Cohortopia, Rumoi, 077-0028, Japan.,Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
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157
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Drapkina OM, Shepel RN, Eliashevich SO. DOES THE “OBESITY PARADOX” REALLY TAKE PLACE IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE? КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2016. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2016-4-75-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O. M. Drapkina
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health, Moscow
| | - R. N. Shepel
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health, Moscow
| | - S. O. Eliashevich
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health, Moscow
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158
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Dragsbæk K, Neergaard JS, Laursen JM, Hansen HB, Christiansen C, Beck-Nielsen H, Karsdal MA, Brix S, Henriksen K. Metabolic syndrome and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in elderly women: Challenging the current definition. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4806. [PMID: 27603394 PMCID: PMC5023917 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is believed to vary with age. With an elderly population expecting to triple by 2060, it is important to evaluate the validity of MetS in this age group. We examined the association of MetS risk factors with later risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in elderly Caucasian women. We further investigated if stratification of individuals not defined with MetS would add predictive power in defining future disease prevalence of individuals with MetS.The Prospective Epidemiological Risk Factor Study, a community-based cohort study, followed 3905 Danish women since 2000 (age: 70.1 ± 6.5) with no previous diagnosis of T2DM or CVD, holding all measurements used for MetS definition; central obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia combined with register-based follow-up information.Elderly women with defined MetS presented a 6.3-fold increased risk of T2DM (95% confidence interval: [3.74-10.50]) and 1.7-fold increased risk of CVD (1.44-2.05) compared to women with no MetS risk factors. Subdividing the control group without defined MetS revealed that both centrally obese controls and controls holding other MetS risk factors also had increased risk of T2DM (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.21 [1.25-3.93] and HR = 1.75 [1.04-2.96]) and CVD (HR = 1.51 [1.25-1.83] and HR = 1.36 [1.15-1.60]) when compared to controls with no MetS risk factors.MetS in elderly Caucasian women increased risk of future T2DM and CVD. While not defined with MetS, women holding only some risk factors for MetS were also at increased risk of T2DM or CVD compared to women with no MetS risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Dragsbæk
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby
- Correspondence: Katrine Dragsbæk, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark (e-mail: )
| | - Jesper S. Neergaard
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby
| | - Janne M. Laursen
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby
| | | | | | | | | | - Susanne Brix
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby
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159
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Yoon H, Jeong DK, Park CE, Oh HJ, Kim SG. The association between gender difference with metabolic syndrome, metabolic syndrome score and serum vitamin D levels in Korean adults. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:121-129. [PMID: 27580963 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1221899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the association between gender difference with metabolic syndrome (MetS), metabolic syndrome score (MSS) and serum vitamin D levels in Korean adults. Analyses were restricted to 5147 adults (2162 men; 2985 women) aged 20 and older, using the 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. In the non-adjusted model, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were inversely associated with MetS (p = .001) and MSS (p = .009) in men, but positively associated with MetS (p = .002) and MSS (p < .001) in women. However, when adjusted for related variables (including age), serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with MetS (p < .001) and MSS (p < .001) in men, but were not associated with MetS (p = .200) and MSS (p = .541) in women. In conclusion, increases in MetS and its components were inversely associated with the serum vitamin D concentration in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Yoon
- a Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , Hanlyo University , Gwangyang-si , Jeollanam-do , South Korea
| | - Dae Keun Jeong
- b Department of Physical Therapy , Sehan University, Samho-eup , Youngam-gun , jeollanam-do , South Korea
| | - Chang Eun Park
- c Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , Namseoul University , Cheonan-si , Chungcheongnam-do , South Korea
| | - Hye Jong Oh
- d Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , Hanlyo University , Gwangyang-si , Jeollanam-do , South Korea
| | - Sung Gil Kim
- e Department of Radiological Science , Hanlyo University , Gwangyangsi , jeollanamdo , South Korea
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160
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DeBoer MD, Gurka MJ, Morrison JA, Woo JG. Inter-relationships between the severity of metabolic syndrome, insulin and adiponectin and their relationship to future type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1353-9. [PMID: 27133621 PMCID: PMC5310821 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is related to future incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between MetS severity and levels of fasting insulin and adiponectin-markers of insulin resistance-is unclear. METHODS We used linear and logistic regression to analyze data from 711 participants of the Princeton Lipid Research Cohort with information regarding levels of insulin, adiponectin and MetS severity during 1998-2003 (mean age 39.5 years); 595 participants had MetS severity data from childhood (1973-1976, mean age 12.9 years) and 417 had updated disease status from 2010 to 2014 (mean age 50.9 years). RESULTS Childhood MetS Z-scores were positively associated with adult insulin levels (P<0.001) and negatively associated with adiponectin levels (P=0.01). In individual analyses, higher insulin levels and MetS Z-score as adults were related to higher odds of incident diabetes and CVD over the next 11.2 years (all P<0.001), whereas lower adiponectin levels were only related to odds of future T2DM (P<0.0001). In a model including insulin, adiponectin and MetS Z-score, adiponectin was not linked to future disease; both insulin (P=0.027) and MetS Z-score (P=0.002) were related to risk of future T2DM, while only MetS Z-score was related to future CVD (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The severity of MetS exhibits long-term links to levels of insulin and adiponectin, suggesting potential genetic and environmental influences on insulin resistance over time. As a long-term predictor of T2DM and CVD, the severity of MetS exhibited consistent independent correlations. This supports clinical utility in evaluating MetS severity as a predictor of risk for future disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. DeBoer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, 22908
| | - Matthew J. Gurka
- Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32610
| | - John A. Morrison
- Division of Cardiology and of Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States 45229
| | - Jessica G. Woo
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States 45229
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161
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Wu YE, Zhang CL, Zhen Q. Metabolic syndrome in children (Review). Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2390-2394. [PMID: 27698739 PMCID: PMC5038558 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, including central obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and increased blood pressure. The prevalence of MetS is on the increase worldwide owing to the epidemic of overweight and obesity. The risk of prevalence of MetS greatly increases during adulthood for those children exposed to cardiometabolic risk factors in their early lives. MetS has also been associated with liver fat accumulation in children. Elevated levels of plasma alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase have been associated with liver fat accumulation. The present review aimed to expand knowledge on the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors responsible for the widespread occurrence of metabolic disease in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-E Wu
- Department of Respiration, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Chong-Lin Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhen
- Department of Respiration, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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Lin JW, Hwang JJ, Dai DF, Tseng YZ. Using structural equation model to illustrate the relationship between metabolic risk factors and cardiovascular complications in Taiwan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 13:633-9. [PMID: 16874156 DOI: 10.1097/01.hjr.0000230095.65062.a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to perform a population-based screening programme to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the relationship between metabolic risk factors and prevalent cardiovascular complications in Taiwan. DESIGN A screening programme recruited residents aged 40 years and older in Sanchih, Taipei County, Taiwan, and collected demographic data, blood and urine samples. Fasting plasma glucose level, serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured. Atherosclerotic complications, including myocardial infarction, stress-positive angina, ischaemic stroke, and proteinuria were confirmed. METHODS A structural equation model (SEM) was constructed to identify the association between metabolic abnormality and atherosclerosis. RESULTS A total of 1494 subjects, 776 male and 718 female, were recruited in this study. The crude prevalence of the MetS was 19.3% for men [95% confidence interval (CI) 16.3-22.2%] and 18.7% for women (95% CI 15.6-22.0%). The presence of the MetS posed a substantial risk to microvascular complications in both sexes [odds ratio (OR) 3.29, P<0.001] and to macrovascular complications in men (OR 1.95, P=0.04) and also a trend in women (OR 2.24, P=0.089). There was a positive association between metabolic abnormality and atherosclerosis (B=0.55, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study has found the prevalence of the MetS and the association with atherosclerotic complications in Taiwan. The SEM approach has demonstrated a positive correlation between metabolic abnormality and atherosclerosis and can be used to explore new risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jou-Wei Lin
- National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin bNational Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lu Y, Ezzati M, Rimm EB, Hajifathalian K, Ueda P, Danaei G. Sick Populations and Sick Subpopulations: Reducing Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Between Blacks and Whites in the United States. Circulation 2016; 134:472-85. [PMID: 27324491 PMCID: PMC5001154 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.018102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) death rates are much higher in blacks than whites in the United States. It is unclear how CVD risk and events are distributed among blacks versus whites and how interventions reduce racial disparities. METHODS We developed risk models for fatal and for fatal and nonfatal CVD using 8 cohorts in the United States. We used 6154 adults who were 50 to 69 years of age in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2012 to estimate the distributions of risk and events in blacks and whites. We estimated the total and disparity impacts of a range of population-wide, targeted, and risk-based interventions on 10-year CVD risks and event rates. RESULTS Twenty-five percent (95% confidence interval [CI], 22-28) of black men and 12% (95% CI, 10-14) of black women were at ≥6.67% risk of fatal CVD (almost equivalent to 20% risk of fatal or nonfatal CVD) compared with 10% (95% CI, 8-12) of white men and 3% (95% CI, 2-4) of white women. These high-risk individuals accounted for 55% (95% CI, 49-59) of CVD deaths among black men and 42% (95% CI, 35-46) in black women compared with 30% (95% CI, 24-35) in white men and 18% (95% CI, 13-22) in white women. We estimated that an intervention that treated multiple risk factors in high-risk individuals could reduce black-white difference in CVD death rate from 1659 to 1244 per 100 000 in men and from 1320 to 897 in women. Rates of fatal and nonfatal CVD were generally similar between black and white men. In women, a larger proportion of women were at ≥7.5% risk of CVD (30% versus 19% in whites), and an intervention that targeted multiple risk factors among this group was estimated to reduce black-white differences in CVD rates from 1688 to 1197 per 100 000. CONCLUSIONS A substantially larger proportion of blacks have a high risk of fatal CVD and bear a large share of CVD deaths. A risk-based intervention that reduces multiple risk factors could substantially reduce overall CVD rates and racial disparities in CVD death rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lu
- From Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale/Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (Y.L.); MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.B.R.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.B.R., G.D.), Nutrition (E.B.R.), and Global Health and Population (P.U., G.D.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (K.H.)
| | - Majid Ezzati
- From Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale/Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (Y.L.); MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.B.R.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.B.R., G.D.), Nutrition (E.B.R.), and Global Health and Population (P.U., G.D.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (K.H.)
| | - Eric B Rimm
- From Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale/Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (Y.L.); MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.B.R.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.B.R., G.D.), Nutrition (E.B.R.), and Global Health and Population (P.U., G.D.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (K.H.)
| | - Kaveh Hajifathalian
- From Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale/Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (Y.L.); MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.B.R.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.B.R., G.D.), Nutrition (E.B.R.), and Global Health and Population (P.U., G.D.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (K.H.)
| | - Peter Ueda
- From Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale/Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (Y.L.); MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.B.R.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.B.R., G.D.), Nutrition (E.B.R.), and Global Health and Population (P.U., G.D.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (K.H.)
| | - Goodarz Danaei
- From Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale/Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (Y.L.); MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.B.R.); Departments of Epidemiology (E.B.R., G.D.), Nutrition (E.B.R.), and Global Health and Population (P.U., G.D.), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (K.H.).
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Genser L, Casella Mariolo JR, Castagneto-Gissey L, Panagiotopoulos S, Rubino F. Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and the Metabolic Syndrome. Surg Clin North Am 2016; 96:681-701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Schindler C. Review: The metabolic syndrome as an endocrine disease: is there an effective pharmacotherapeutic strategy optimally targeting the pathogenesis? Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 1:7-26. [DOI: 10.1177/1753944707082662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a combination of cardiovascular risk determinants such as obesity, insulin resistance and lipid abnormalities such as hypertriglyceridemia, increased free fatty acids, low high-density-cholesterol and hypertension. As a multiple component condition it imparts a doubling of relative risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). It is currently controversial which component of the syndrome carries what weight. There is even a considerable debate whether the risk for ASCVD is greater in patients diagnosed with MetS than that by the individual risk factors. At present, no unifying pathogenetic mechanism can explain the metabolic syndrome and there is no unique treatment for it. This review summarizes and critically reviews the currently available clinical and scientific evidence for the concept that the MetS is causally an endocrine disease and discusses pharmacotherapeutic strategies targeting the pathogenesis rather than single symptoms of the cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schindler
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Technical University of Dresden, Fiedlerstrasse 27, 01307 Dresden, Germany christoph.schindler@ tu-dresden.de
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Park K, Seo E. Association between Toenail Mercury and Metabolic Syndrome Is Modified by Selenium. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070424. [PMID: 27420091 PMCID: PMC4963900 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Asian populations consume relatively large amounts of fish and seafood and have a high prevalence of metabolic diseases, few studies have investigated the association between chronic mercury exposure and metabolic syndrome and its effect modification by selenium. METHODS We analyzed baseline data from the Trace Element Study of Korean Adults in the Yeungnam area. Participants included 232 men and 269 women, aged 35 years or older, who had complete data regarding demographic, lifestyle, diet, toenail mercury and selenium levels, and health. Toenail mercury and selenium concentrations were measured using instrumental neutron-activation analysis. The metabolic biomarker levels were obtained through biannual medical checkups. RESULTS Higher toenail mercury levels were associated with habitual consumption of whale and shark meats, older age, obesity, smoking, alcohol drinking, and higher household income. Multivariable analysis showed a positive association between toenail mercury exposure and metabolic syndrome. In addition, this association was significantly stronger at lower selenium levels and was weaker at higher selenium levels. CONCLUSION The possible harmful effects of mercury on metabolic syndrome may be attenuated by high levels of selenium. Future studies are needed to suggest optimal dietary guidelines regarding fish and selenium intakes, particularly for Asians with high levels of fish intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
| | - Eunmin Seo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
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Shakeri J, Karimi K, Farnia V, Golshani S, Alikhani M. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Schizophrenia Referred to Farabi Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran. Oman Med J 2016; 31:270-5. [PMID: 27403239 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our study was conducted to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS The study population included all patients with schizophrenia who were referred to Farabi Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran, between March 2014 and March 2015. A total of 280 subjects who met the study criteria were selected according to the census sampling method. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 30.4% (20.7% in men and 51.5% in women). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was greater in patients > 40 years than patients aged 20-40 years. There was a significant relationship between marital status and number of hospitalizations with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Given the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia, healthcare professionals should take measures to identify the risk factors and timely treatment of affected patients, thereby improving the patient's quality of life and reducing health costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Shakeri
- Department of Psychiatry, Substance abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamyar Karimi
- Department of Psychiatry, Substance abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Farnia
- Department of Psychiatry, Substance abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Senobar Golshani
- Department of Psychiatry, Substance abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alikhani
- Department of Psychiatry, Substance abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity, diabetes, and heart disease-the most costly epidemics of our time-share a common but rarely treated mechanism: autonomic imbalance. We examined the contribution of autonomic imbalance, relative to selected demographic and biobehavioral risk factors, to the development of metabolic syndrome in a community sample for 12 years. METHODS We identified offspring cohort participants from the Framingham Heart Study who did not have metabolic syndrome at Examination 3 (1983-1987, baseline for this analysis) and whose metabolic syndrome status was assessed at the 4-, 8-, and 12-year follow-ups. We created logistic regression models, using baseline resting heart rate (RHR) and heart rate variability (HRV), to predict the odds of developing metabolic syndrome within 12 years, adjusting for age, sex, depressive symptoms, and smoking. HRV indices (standard deviation of the beat-to-beat interval [SDNN] and root mean square of the standard deviation) were calculated from 2-hour Holter monitor data. RESULTS Our sample consisted of 1143 participants (mean [SD] age = 46.6 (9.9) years, 57% female). One standard deviation of a decrease in SDNN increased the odds of developing metabolic syndrome within 12 years by 43% (95% confidence interval = 1.302-1.572, p < .001). Without HRV in the model, each increase in RHR of 10 beats/min increased the odds of developing metabolic syndrome by 24% (95% confidence interval = 1.094-1.426, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS In this community sample, low HRV by both measures (SDNN and root mean square of the standard deviation), high RHR, increased age, cigarette smoking, and being male significantly increased the odds of developing metabolic syndrome within 12 years of baseline.
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Association between metabolic syndrome and 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease in a Nigerian population. Int Health 2016; 8:354-9. [DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihw013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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170
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Elosua R, Lluís-Ganella C, Subirana I, Havulinna A, Läll K, Lucas G, Sayols-Baixeras S, Pietilä A, Alver M, Cabrera de León A, Sentí M, Siscovick D, Mellander O, Fischer K, Salomaa V, Marrugat J. Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Ischemic Heart Disease: Is the Confluence of Risk Factors Greater Than the Parts? A Genetic Approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 9:279-86. [PMID: 27103211 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.115.001255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular risk factors tend to aggregate. The biological and predictive value of this aggregation is questioned and genetics could shed light on this debate. Our aims were to reappraise the impact of risk factor confluence on ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk by testing whether genetic risk scores (GRSs) associated with these factors interact on an additive or multiplicative scale, and to determine whether these interactions provide additional value for predicting IHD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS We selected genetic variants associated with blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, type-2 diabetes mellitus, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and IHD to create GRSs for each factor. We tested and meta-analyzed the impact of additive (synergy index) and multiplicative (βinteraction) interactions between each GRS pair in 1 case-control (n=6042) and 4 cohort studies (n=17 794) and evaluated the predictive value of these interactions. We observed 2 multiplicative interactions: GRSLDL·GRSTriglycerides (βinteraction=-0.096; SE=0.028) and nonpleiotropic GRSIHD·GRSLDL (βinteraction=0.091; SE=0.028). Inclusion of these interaction terms did not improve predictive capacity. CONCLUSIONS The confluence of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides genetic risk load has an additive effect on IHD risk. The interaction between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and IHD genetic load is more than multiplicative, supporting the hazardous impact on atherosclerosis progression of the combination of inflammation and increased lipid levels. The capacity of risk factor confluence to improve IHD risk prediction is questionable. Further studies in larger samples are warranted to confirm and expand our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Elosua
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.).
| | - Carla Lluís-Ganella
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Isaac Subirana
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Aki Havulinna
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Kristi Läll
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Gavin Lucas
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Sergi Sayols-Baixeras
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Arto Pietilä
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Maris Alver
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Antonio Cabrera de León
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Mariano Sentí
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - David Siscovick
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Olle Mellander
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Krista Fischer
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., C.L.-G., I.S., G.L., S.S.-B., J.M.); Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (I.S.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.H., A.P., V.S.); Estonian Genome Center of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (K.L., M.A., K.F.); Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain (A.C.d.L.); University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain (A.C.d.L.); Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.); The New York Academy of Medicine (D.S.); and Skåne University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
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171
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Lin JD, Chen YL, Wu CZ, Hsieh CH, Pei D, Liang YJ, Chang JB. Identification of Normal Blood Pressure in Different Age Group. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3188. [PMID: 27057846 PMCID: PMC4998762 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of using single criterion of normal blood pressure with systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mmHg for all ages is still disputable. The aim of the study is to identify the cutoff value of normotension in different age and sex groups.Totally, 127,922 (63,724 men and 64,198 women) were enrolled for the analysis. Finally, four fifths of them were randomly selected as the study group and the other one fifths as the validation group. Due the tight relationship with comorbidities from cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome (MetS) was used as a surrogate to replace the actual cardiovascular outcomes in the younger subjects.For SBP, MetS predicted by our equation had a sensitivity of 55% and specificity of 67% in males and 65%, 83% in females, respectively. At the same time, they are 61%, 73% in males and 73%, 86% in females for DBP, respectively. These sensitivity, specificity, odds ratio, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from our equations are all better than those derived from the criteria of 140/90 or 130/85 mmHg in both genders.By using the presence of MetS as the surrogate of CVD, the regression equations between SBP, DBP, and age were built in both genders. These new criteria are proved to have better sensitivity and specificity for MetS than either 140/90 or 130/85 mmHg. These simple equations should be used in clinical settings for early prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Diann Lin
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (J-DL, C-ZW); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan (J-DL, C-ZW); Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei (Y-LC); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical School, Taipei (C-HH); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei (DP); Associate Dean of College of Science and Engineering, Director of Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Department and Institute of Life-Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei (Y-JL); and Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Division of Clinical Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ROC (J-BC)
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172
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Akimova EV, Kayumov RK, Gakova EI, Zagorodnykh EY, Gafarov VV, Kuznetsov VA. [Population characteristics of metabolic syndrome components in 25-64-year-old males of an average urbanized Siberian town]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2016; 88:79-83. [PMID: 27030335 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh201688379-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish the population characteristics of the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the age range of 25-64-year-old males in an average urbanized Siberian town. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in a representative sample of the electorate of a Tyumen administrative district among 1000 males, with 250 being in each of 4 life decades (25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and 55-64 years). There were 850 (85%) responses. The IDF criteria (2005) were used to evaluate MS. RESULTS In the Tyumen open population of 25-64-year-old men, the population characteristics of systolic blood pressure (BP) and waist circumference (WC) were shifted to the right in the normal distribution range, which determined the high prevalence of hypertension and abdominal obesity (AO). In the 25-64-year-old men with the high prevalence of hypertension (a standardized rate of 59.8%) and AO (a standardized rate of 42.6%), the age was positively related to systolic BP in the third to fifth decades of life, diastolic BP, and WC at all ages. CONCLUSION Examining the epidemiological situation regarding the prevalence of MS components necessitates the elaboration of a scientifically sound prevention program in the specific conditions of an average urbanized Siberian town.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Akimova
- Tyumen Cardiology Center, Branch of the Research Institute of Cardiology, Tyumen, Russia; Interdepartmental Laboratory for Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - R Kh Kayumov
- Tyumen Cardiology Center, Branch of the Research Institute of Cardiology, Tyumen, Russia; Interdepartmental Laboratory for Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E I Gakova
- Tyumen Cardiology Center, Branch of the Research Institute of Cardiology, Tyumen, Russia; Interdepartmental Laboratory for Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E Yu Zagorodnykh
- Tyumen Cardiology Center, Branch of the Research Institute of Cardiology, Tyumen, Russia; Interdepartmental Laboratory for Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V V Gafarov
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V A Kuznetsov
- Tyumen Cardiology Center, Branch of the Research Institute of Cardiology, Tyumen, Russia
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173
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Rafiee L, Shokouh P, Roohafza H, Mansourian M, Javanmard SH. Association of glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of metabolic syndrome in an Iranian population. Adv Biomed Res 2016; 5:63. [PMID: 27135032 PMCID: PMC4832886 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.179185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are important factors in cell sensitivity to oxidative stress and susceptibility to cardiometabolic disorders. We aimed to investigate the GSTM1 and T1 gene polymorphisms, as well as their interactions in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients and healthy individuals in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised of 220 healthy individuals (mean age: 41.9 – 15.1 years) and 165 MetS patients (mean age: 49.7 – 11.5 years). The diagnostic criteria for MetS were defined following the criteria provided by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Genotyping of GSTM1 and T1 genes were performed using polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our analyses have shown that neither GSTM1 (odds ratio [OR] =0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59 – 1.33, P = 0.57) nor GSTT1 (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.76 – 2.02, P = 0.38) null genotypes were associated with increased risk. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between various combinations of GST genotypes. Conclusion: Contrary to our primary hypothesis, what we found disaffirms any kind of association between GSTM1 and T1 polymorphisms and the risk of MetS. However, being the first polymorphism study of GSTs in MetS patients, further studies are required to confirm our results in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Rafiee
- Applied Physiology Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pedram Shokouh
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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174
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Jahn LA, Hartline L, Rao N, Logan B, Kim JJ, Aylor K, Gan LM, Westergren HU, Barrett EJ. Insulin Enhances Endothelial Function Throughout the Arterial Tree in Healthy But Not Metabolic Syndrome Subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:1198-206. [PMID: 26756115 PMCID: PMC4803154 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Insulin reportedly impairs endothelial function in conduit arteries but improves it in resistance and microvascular arterioles in healthy humans. No studies have assessed endothelial function at three arterial levels in healthy or metabolic syndrome (METSYN) subjects. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to compare endothelial responsiveness of conduit arteries, resistance, and microvascular arterioles to insulin in healthy and METSYN subjects. DESIGN We assessed conduit, resistance, and microvascular arterial function in the postabsorptive and postprandial states and during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (insulin clamp). SETTING The study was conducted at a clinical research unit. PARTICIPANTS Age-matched healthy and METSYN subjects participated in the study. INTERVENTIONS We used brachial flow-mediated dilation, forearm postischemic flow velocity, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound to assess the conduit artery, resistance arteriole, and microvascular arteriolar endothelial function, respectively. We also assessed the conduit artery stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) and measured the plasma concentrations of 92 cardiovascular disease biomarkers at baseline and after the clamp. RESULTS Postabsorptive and postprandial endothelial function was similar in controls and METSYN in all tested vessels. METSYN subjects were metabolically insulin resistant (P < .005). In controls, but not METSYN subjects, during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, endothelial function improved at each level of arterial vasculature (P < .05 or less for each). Conduit vessel stiffness (pulse wave velocity) was increased in the METSYN group. Twelve of 92 biomarkers differed at baseline (P < .001) and remained different at the end of the insulin clamp. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that insulin enhances arterial endothelial function in health but not in METSYN, and this vascular insulin resistance may underlie its increased cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Jahn
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lee Hartline
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Nagashree Rao
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Brent Logan
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Justin J Kim
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kevin Aylor
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Li-Ming Gan
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Helena U Westergren
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Eugene J Barrett
- Departments of Medicine (L.A.J., L.H., N.R., B.L., J.J.K., K.A., E.J.B.) and Pharmacology (E.J.B.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine (L.-M.G., H.U.W.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and CVMD iMED (L.-M.G.), Department of Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
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175
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Ding Z, Pi F, Zhang S, Dong W, Wen Y, Wu J, Zhang Q. Establishment and application of a new diagnostic definition of metabolic syndrome in the Shantou region of southern China. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22210. [PMID: 26902456 PMCID: PMC4763302 DOI: 10.1038/srep22210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The existing definitions of metabolic syndrome (MetS) may not be fully appropriate for the Shantou population because of ethnic and regional differences. We sought to establish a 95% multivariate medical reference range (MMRR) model for diagnosing MetS in Shantou adults and to evaluate the prevalence of MetS by the MMRR, JCDCG (the Chinese Guidelines), and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. A total of 4,580 participants were recruited in Shantou, southern China. We developed a MMRR model based on the combinatorial indicatrixes method for three categorized indicatrixes. According to the developed MMRR criteria, men (women) in Shantou have MetS by meeting 3 or more of the following: waist circumference ≥89 (81) cm; triglycerides level ≥1.73 (1.64) mmol/L; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤1.07 (1.05) mmol/L; blood pressure ≥138/89 (136/85) mmHg; and fasting plasma glucose ≥5.8 (5.7) mmol/L. The agreement of the MMRR with JCDCG and IDF criteria was "substantial" (both κ > 0.68), but the recommended reference values and proportion of individual components of MetS defined by the 3 criteria differed. The population-based MMRR criteria may be appropriate for diagnosing MetS in Shantou population and the model might be useful for generalization to other geographic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Ding
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Fuhua Pi
- Department of Sports, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Shengchao Zhang
- Shenzhen Baoan District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518102, China
| | - Wenya Dong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Ye Wen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Shenzhen Baoan District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518102, China
| | - Qingying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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176
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Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Liver Enzymes in the General Chinese Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:223. [PMID: 26901209 PMCID: PMC4772243 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the general Chinese population. Methods: This study was a multicenter, cross-sectional study which was conducted in rural areas of China from the 2012 to 2013 Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study (NCRCHS), and 11,573 adults with complete data were included in our final analysis. Elevated ALT and AST levels were defined as >40 U/L. Serum ALT and AST levels within the reference range were divided into quartiles, and their associations with MetS were evaluated by logistic regressions. Results: A total of 7.4% and 3.5% participants had elevated serum ALT and AST levels, respectively. The prevalence of MetS was 37.3% in males and 45.8% in females. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found ALT level elevation, even within the reference range, was independently associated with MetS. The odds ratio (OR) values of MetS in the ALT quartiles 2–4 groups within the reference range were 1.113 (95% CI: 1.019–1.280), 1.375 (95% CI: 1.212–1.560), 1.878 (95% CI: 1.650–2.138) compared with the ALT quartile 1 group, and OR in the elevated ALT group was 3.020 (95% CI: 2.496–3.653). Positive relationship for MetS was also observed in elevated AST group (OR: 1.689, 95% CI: 1.314–2.171), but within the reference range, the AST level was not associated with MetS. Conclusions: Serum ALT level, even within the reference range, was significantly associated with MetS. However, only elevated AST levels above 40 U/L was positively associated with MetS. Within the reference range, we did not find a relationship between AST levels and MetS.
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Kim M, Song G, Kang M, Yoo HJ, Jeong TS, Lee SH, Lee JH. Replacing carbohydrate with protein and fat in prediabetes or type-2 diabetes: greater effect on metabolites in PBMC than plasma. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:3. [PMID: 26788114 PMCID: PMC4717650 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active metabolism of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) could suggest their suitability for metabolomics studies. This study examined whether reductions in PBMCs and plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activities induced by dietary intervention affected the overall metabolic profiles of PBMC and plasma. METHODS Eighty nonobese subjects aged 40-70 years (18.5 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m(2)) with prediabetes or newly-diagnosed type-2 diabetes were assigned to consume either the usual refined-rice diet (control group, n = 40) or to replace refined rice with whole grains and legumes as carbohydrates (whole-grain group, n = 40) for three meals per day during the 12-week intervention. Fasting PBMC and plasma metabolomes were profiled using UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. RESULTS After 12 weeks, changes in fasting glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, MDA, ox-LDL, LDL particle size, plasma Lp-PLA2 activity, and PBMC enzyme activity in the whole-grain group were significantly different from those in the control group before and after adjusting for baseline levels. The PBMC levels of L-leucine, oleamide, lysoPC (16:0), and lysoPC (18:0) in the whole-grain group showed greater reductions compared with those of the control group. Changes in plasma metabolites were not significantly different between the two groups. Changes in PBMC Lp-PLA2 activity positively correlated with changes in L-leucine, oleamide, lysoPC (16:0), lysoPC (18:0), glucose, and ox-LDL, and negatively correlated with changes in LDL particle size. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that dietary intervention in prediabetic or type-2 diabetic patients had a greater effect on PBMC Lp-PLA2 activity and metabolites compared with those of plasma metabolites. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02191644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoo Kim
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Song
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea ; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Miso Kang
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea ; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea ; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sook Jeong
- National Research Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Lee
- Department of Family Practice, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, 10444 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea ; National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea ; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
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Aguirre GA, De Ita JR, de la Garza RG, Castilla-Cortazar I. Insulin-like growth factor-1 deficiency and metabolic syndrome. J Transl Med 2016; 14:3. [PMID: 26733412 PMCID: PMC4702316 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Consistent evidence associates IGF-1 deficiency and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we will focus on the metabolic effects of IGF-1, the concept of metabolic syndrome and its clinical manifestations (impaired lipid profile, insulin resistance, increased glucose levels, obesity, and cardiovascular disease), discussing whether IGF-1 replacement therapy could be a beneficial strategy for these patients. The search plan was made in Medline for Pubmed with the following mesh terms: IGF-1 and "metabolism, carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, amino acids, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, diabetes" between the years 1963-2015. The search includes animal and human protocols. In this review we discuss the relevant actions of IGF-1 on metabolism and the implication of IGF-1 deficiency in the establishment of metabolic syndrome. Multiple studies (in vitro and in vivo) demonstrate the association between IGF-1 deficit and deregulated lipid metabolism, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and an altered metabolic profile of diabetic patients. Based on the available data we propose IGF-1 as a key hormone in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome; due to its implications in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Previous data demonstrates how IGF-1 can be an effective option in the treatment of this worldwide increasing condition. It has to distinguished that the replacement therapy should be only undertaken to restore the physiological levels, never to exceed physiological ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Aguirre
- Escuela de Medicina, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte. Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - J Rodríguez De Ita
- Escuela de Medicina, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte. Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - R G de la Garza
- Escuela de Medicina, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte. Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - I Castilla-Cortazar
- Escuela de Medicina, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte. Col. Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
- Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.
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179
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Elevated serum complement factors 3 and 4 are strong inflammatory markers of the metabolic syndrome development: a longitudinal cohort study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18713. [PMID: 26726922 PMCID: PMC4698666 DOI: 10.1038/srep18713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An epidemiological design, consisting of cross-sectional (n = 2376) and cohort (n = 976) studies, was adopted to investigate the association between complement factors 3 (C3) and 4, and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) development. In the cross-sectional study, the C3 and C4 concentrations in the MetS group were higher than those in the non-MetS group (all P < 0.001), and the levels of immune globulin M (IgM), IgA, IgE, and IgG exhibited no significant differences between MetS and non-MetS (all P > 0.050). After multi-factor adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) in the highest quartile of C3 and C4 concentrations were 7.047 (4.664, 10.648) and 1.961 (1.349, 2.849), respectively, both Ptrend < 0.050. After a 4 years follow-up, total 166 subjects were diagnosed with MetS, and the complement baseline levels from 2009 were used to predict the MetS risk in 2013. In the adjusted model, the relative risks (RRs) in the highest quartile of C3 and C4 levels were 4.779 (2.854, 8.003) and 2.590 (1.567, 4.280), respectively, both Ptrend < 0.001. Activation of complement factors may be an important part of inflammatory processes, and our results indicated that the elevated C3 and C4 levels were independent risk factors for MetS development.
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180
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Ebrahimi MH, Delvarianzadeh M, Saadat S. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Iranian occupational drivers. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2016; 10:S46-S51. [PMID: 26508099 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Compared with other members of a society, drivers are under more periodic and constant surveillance due mainly to this fact that their type of work requires them to spend most of their times in a sedentarily position. The recent survey had done to evaluate the prevalence of Met Syn among professional drivers in northeast area of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate the prevalence of Met Syn among long-haul drivers, 1018 male drivers were studied. Definition of Met Syn was based on ATP III, IDF and AHA. The statistical tests were composed of chi-square and independent t tests. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The participants' mean age was 42.17±10.65 years. The prevalence of Met Syn according to ATP III, IDF and AHA criteria was 26.1%, 35.2% and 31.6% respectively. 6.6% of drivers were impaired fasting glucose. The drivers with the bus, minibus, taxi formed the greatest number of smokers (82.9%) among all drivers (p=0.023). The average of body mass index (BMI) was 26.2±4.06. The most prevalence of Mets according to IDF criteria were observed in drivers of heavy vehicles and also the ones of passenger vehicles, with 36.7% and 43.9% respectively. Based on high prevalence of Met Syn and other risk factors in this study, and considering these factors, should be more careful about this point. It is recommended to control risk factors such as, control of high BMI and TG, LDL, waist circumfernce, education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehri Delvarianzadeh
- School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| | - Saeed Saadat
- Center for Health-Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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181
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Bediwy AS, Mansour YM, Abo Ali EA. Excessive daytime sleepiness among patients with metabolic syndrome. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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182
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Brown RE, Kuk JL. Composite Risk Scores. LIFESTYLE MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-24687-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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183
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Roh EK, Yoon H. The Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Vitamin D in Korean Menopausal Women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2010∼2012. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2015.47.4.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Roh
- Department of Hospital Administration, Dong Kang University, Gwangju 61200, Korea
| | - Hyun Yoon
- epartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Hanlyo University, Gwangyang 57764, Korea
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184
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Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR, de Ferranti S, Després JP, Fullerton HJ, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Isasi CR, Jiménez MC, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Liu S, Mackey RH, Magid DJ, McGuire DK, Mohler ER, Moy CS, Muntner P, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Rodriguez CJ, Rosamond W, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfighi A, Turan TN, Virani SS, Woo D, Yeh RW, Turner MB. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015; 133:e38-360. [PMID: 26673558 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3736] [Impact Index Per Article: 415.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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185
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Berezin AE, Kremzer AA, Berezina TA, Martovitskaya YV. Pattern of circulating microparticles in chronic heart failure patients with metabolic syndrome: Relevance to neurohumoral and inflammatory activation. BBA CLINICAL 2015; 4:69-75. [PMID: 26674662 PMCID: PMC4661711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, 26, Mayakovsky av., Zaporozhye Postcode 69035, Ukraine
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186
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Amirkalali B, Fakhrzadeh H, Sharifi F, Kelishadi R, Zamani F, Asayesh H, Safiri S, Samavat T, Qorbani M. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in the Iranian Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e24723. [PMID: 26756015 PMCID: PMC4706734 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.24723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of most non-communicable diseases; gathering information about its prevalence can be very effective in formulating preventive strategies for metabolic diseases. There are many different studies about the prevalence of MetS in Iran, but the results and the study populations of these studies are very different; therefore, it is very important to have an overall estimation of its prevalence in Iran. OBJECTIVES This study systematically reviewed the findings of all available studies on MetS in the adult Iranian population and estimated the overall prevalence of MetS in this population. DATA SOURCES International databases (Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and PubMed) were searched for papers published from January, 2000 to December, 2013 using medical subject headings (MeSH), Emtree, and related keywords (metabolic syndrome, dysmetabolic syndrome, cardiovascular syndrome, and insulin resistance syndrome) combined with the words "prevalence" and "Iran." The Farsi equivalent of these terms and all probable combinations were used to search Persian national databases (IranMedex, Magiran, SID, and Irandoc). STUDY SELECTION All population-based studies and national surveys that reported the prevalence of MetS in healthy Iranian adults were included. DATA EXTRACTION After quality assessment, data were extracted according to a standard protocol. Because of between-study heterogeneity, data were analyzed by the random effect method. RESULTS We recruited the data of 27 local studies and one national study. The overall estimation of MetS prevalence was 36.9% (95% CI: 32.7 - 41.2%) based on the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria, 34.6% (95% CI: 31.7 - 37.6%) according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and 41.5% (95% CI: 29.8 - 53.2%) based on the Joint Interim Societies (JIS) criteria. The prevalence of MetS determined by JIS was significantly higher than those determined by ATP III and IDF. The prevalence of MetS was 15.4% lower in men than in women (27.7% versus 43.1%) based on the ATP III criteria, and it was 11.3% lower in men based on the IDF criteria; however according to the JIS criteria, it was 8.4% more prevalent in men. CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of MetS in the Iranian adult population, with large variations based on different measurement criteria. Therefore, prevention and control of MetS should be considered a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Amirkalali
- Gastrointestinal and Liver disease research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Fakhrzadeh
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growths and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver disease research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, IR Iran
| | - Tahereh Samavat
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, IR Iran
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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187
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DeBoer MD, Gurka MJ, Woo JG, Morrison JA. Severity of the metabolic syndrome as a predictor of type 2 diabetes between childhood and adulthood: the Princeton Lipid Research Cohort Study. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2745-52. [PMID: 26380985 PMCID: PMC4734129 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to determine the long-term associations of a sex- and race/ethnicity-specific metabolic syndrome (MetS) severity z score from childhood and adulthood with a future diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study with evaluations from the Cincinnati Clinic of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Lipids Research Clinic (LRC) 1973-1976 and Princeton Follow-up Study (PFS) 1998-2003, and further disease status from the Princeton Health Update (PHU) 2010-2014. We assessed MetS severity as a predictor of incident type 2 diabetes among 629 cohort participants assessed at both the LRC and PFS and 354 participants at the PHU. RESULTS Cohort participants had a mean age of 12.9 years at baseline (LRC), 38.4 years at the PFS and 49.6 years at the most recent follow-up. Childhood MetS z scores were associated with adult MetS z scores (p < 0.01). Compared with individuals who were disease-free at all time-points, those who developed type 2 diabetes by 1998-2003 and 2010-2014 had higher MetS severity z scores in childhood (p < 0.05). For every one-unit elevation in childhood MetS z score, the OR of developing future type 2 diabetes was 2.7 for incident disease by a mean age of 38.5 years (p < 0.01) and 2.8 for incident disease by a mean age of 49.6 years (p < 0.05). Regarding associations with the change in z score from childhood to adulthood, for every one-unit increase in MetS z score over time the OR of developing incident type 2 diabetes by a mean age of 49.6 years was 7.3 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The severity of MetS in childhood was associated with the incidence of adult type 2 diabetes and the degree of increase in this severity predicted future disease. These findings provide evidence of potential clinical utility in assessing MetS severity to detect risk and follow clinical progress over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D DeBoer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| | - Matthew J Gurka
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jessica G Woo
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - John A Morrison
- Division of Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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188
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Vishnu A, Gurka MJ, DeBoer MD. The severity of the metabolic syndrome increases over time within individuals, independent of baseline metabolic syndrome status and medication use: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243:278-85. [PMID: 26409627 PMCID: PMC4734118 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The severity of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is linked to future cardiovascular disease. However, it is unclear whether MetS severity increases among individuals followed over time. METHODS We assessed changes in a sex- and race/ethnicity-specific MetS severity Z-score over a 10-year period (visits 1-4) among 9291 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study cohort. We compared sex- and racial/ethnic subgroups for the rate of change in the MetS severity score and MetS prevalence as assessed using traditional ATP-III MetS criteria. We further examined effects of use of medications for hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. RESULTS Over the 10 years of follow-up, MetS severity Z-scores increased in 76% of participants from an overall mean of 0.08 ± 0.77 at baseline to 0.48 ± 0.96 at visit 4 with the greatest progression in scores observed among African-American women. Baseline MetS severity scores predicted the time until ATP-III MetS diagnosis, with a model-predicted 77.5% of individuals with a visit 1 MetS severity score of 0.75 progressing to ATP-III MetS within 10 years. The rate of increase in MetS severity score was higher among those younger at baseline but was independent of baseline MetS status or the use of medications to treat blood pressure, lipids and diabetes. CONCLUSION The severity of metabolic derangements as measured using this MetS severity score increases over time within individuals and predicts diagnosis of ATP-III MetS. These data may have implications for tracking MetS related risk within individuals over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Vishnu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, PO Box 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States.
| | - Matthew J Gurka
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, PO Box 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States.
| | - Mark D DeBoer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, PO Box 800386, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
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189
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Kurl S, Laaksonen DE, Jae SY, Mäkikallio TH, Zaccardi F, Kauhanen J, Ronkainen K, Laukkanen JA. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of sudden cardiac death in middle-aged men. Int J Cardiol 2015; 203:792-7. [PMID: 26595786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.10.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the relationship between metabolic syndrome and sudden cardiac death (SCD). We examined the association of metabolic syndrome, as defined by World Health Organization (WHO), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and American Heart Association (AHA)--IDF interim criteria, with incident SCD. We also assessed the association of a continuous metabolic risk score with SCD. METHODS A total of 1466 middle-aged men participating in a prospective population-based cohort study from eastern Finland with no history of coronary heart disease or diabetes at baseline were included. RESULTS During the average follow-up of 21 years 85 SCDs occurred. Men with the metabolic syndrome as defined by the WHO, NCEP, IDF and interim criteria had a 2.2-2.6 fold, increased risk for SCD, after adjusting for lifestyle and traditional cardiovascular risk factors not included in the metabolic syndrome definition (P<0.001-0.011). A one-standard deviation increase in the metabolic risk score (composed of the sum of Z-scores for waist circumference, insulin, glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure) was associated with a 1.68-fold higher (95% CI 1.33-2.11) risk of SCD. Even when adjusting further for systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol and body mass index, the association remained significant for the interim criteria and the metabolic risk score, but not for WHO, NCEP, or IDF definitions. CONCLUSIONS Men with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for SCD. Incident SCD associated with the IDF/AHA interim criteria and metabolic risk clustering estimated by a score is not explained by obesity or traditional cardiovascular risk factors. KEY MESSAGES Men with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for sudden cardiac death. Incident sudden cardiac death associated with metabolic risk clustering estimated by a score in not explained by obesity or traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Prevention of the metabolic syndrome may help reduce the health burden of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kurl
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - David E Laaksonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sae Young Jae
- Department of Sports Informatics, College of Arts and Physical Education, University of Seoul, South Korea
| | - Timo H Mäkikallio
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes Care Unit, Policlinico Gemelli Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Jussi Kauhanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kimmo Ronkainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari A Laukkanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
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190
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Buchmann N, Norman K, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Demuth I, Eckardt R. Lung function in elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes : Data from the Berlin Aging Study II. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2015:10.1007/s00391-015-0958-0. [PMID: 26508108 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-015-0958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have indicated a relationship between type II diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and pulmonary function but the pathological mechanism responsible remains unclear. The aim of the current analysis within the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II) was to investigate the influence of abdominal obesity and muscle mass on pulmonary function in subjects with T2D and MetS. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prebronchodilator pulmonary function test was carried out in 1369 subjects from the BASE-II (mean age 69 ± 4 years, 51.6 % women) where T2D was defined according to the German Diabetes Association (DDG) criteria, MetS according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF), American Heart Association (AHA) and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) criteria from 2009 and pulmonary obstruction (obstructive lung disease, OLD) by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria of a forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 and forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio < 70 %. RESULTS Of the subjects 50.9 % achieved a sufficient level of quality according to the GOLD guidelines and were analyzed with respect to the research question. The FEV1 and FVC were decreased in study participants with T2D and MetS and the lung volume decreased with an increasing number of MetS criteria. Parameters of body composition, such as waist circumference and muscle mass had a significant influence on lung volumes, independent of MetS or T2D. DISCUSSION In this study MetS and T2D were associated with decreased lung volumes; however, muscle mass and abdominal obesity proved to be the most important factors influencing pulmonary function and could thus form the link between pulmonary function and MetS or T2D. Measurement of grip strength for the determination of muscle mass and waist circumference for determining abdominal obesity could contribute to the interpretation of the results of pulmonary function tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Buchmann
- Research Group on Geriatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kristina Norman
- Research Group on Geriatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ilja Demuth
- Research Group on Geriatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rahel Eckardt
- Research Group on Geriatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany
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191
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Buchmann N, Norman K, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Demuth I, Eckardt R. Lungenfunktion bei älteren Probanden mit metabolischem Syndrom und Typ-2-Diabetes. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 49:405-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00391-015-0959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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192
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Yoon H, Choi SW, Park J, Ryu SY, Han MA, Kim GS, Kim SG, Oh HJ, Choi CW. The Relationship Between the Metabolic Syndrome and Systolic Inter-Arm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference in Korean Adults. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2015; 13:329-35. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2015.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Hanlyo University, Jeollanamdo, South Korea
| | - Seong Woo Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jong Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - So Yeon Ryu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mi Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Gwang Seok Kim
- Emergency Medical Technology, Chungbuk Health and Science University, Chungcheongbukdo, South Korea
| | - Sung Gil Kim
- Department of Radiological Science, Hanlyo University, Jeollanamdo, South Korea
| | - Hye Jong Oh
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Hanlyo University, Jeollanamdo, South Korea
| | - Cheol Won Choi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Hanlyo University, Jeollanamdo, South Korea
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193
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Manheimer EW, van Zuuren EJ, Fedorowicz Z, Pijl H. Paleolithic nutrition for metabolic syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:922-32. [PMID: 26269362 PMCID: PMC4588744 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.113613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paleolithic nutrition, which has attracted substantial public attention lately because of its putative health benefits, differs radically from dietary patterns currently recommended in guidelines, particularly in terms of its recommendation to exclude grains, dairy, and nutritional products of industry. OBJECTIVE We evaluated whether a Paleolithic nutritional pattern improves risk factors for chronic disease more than do other dietary interventions. DESIGN We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the Paleolithic nutritional pattern with any other dietary pattern in participants with one or more of the 5 components of metabolic syndrome. Two reviewers independently extracted study data and assessed risk of bias. Outcome data were extracted from the first measurement time point (≤6 mo). A random-effects model was used to estimate the average intervention effect. The quality of the evidence was rated with the use of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. RESULTS Four RCTs that involved 159 participants were included. The 4 control diets were based on distinct national nutrition guidelines but were broadly similar. Paleolithic nutrition resulted in greater short-term improvements than did the control diets (random-effects model) for waist circumference (mean difference: -2.38 cm; 95% CI: -4.73, -0.04 cm), triglycerides (-0.40 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.76, -0.04 mmol/L), systolic blood pressure (-3.64 mm Hg; 95% CI: -7.36, 0.08 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (-2.48 mm Hg; 95% CI: -4.98, 0.02 mm Hg), HDL cholesterol (0.12 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.03, 0.28 mmol/L), and fasting blood sugar (-0.16 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.44, 0.11 mmol/L). The quality of the evidence for each of the 5 metabolic components was moderate. The home-delivery (n = 1) and dietary recommendation (n = 3) RCTs showed similar effects with the exception of greater improvements in triglycerides relative to the control with the home delivery. None of the RCTs evaluated an improvement in quality of life. CONCLUSIONS The Paleolithic diet resulted in greater short-term improvements in metabolic syndrome components than did guideline-based control diets. The available data warrant additional evaluations of the health benefits of Paleolithic nutrition. This systematic review was registered at PROSPERO (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO) as CRD42014015119.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hanno Pijl
- Internal Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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Xu T, Liu W, Cai X, Ding J, Tang H, Huang Y, Hu Y. Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Different Criterion of Impaired Fasting Glucose: A Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1740. [PMID: 26448033 PMCID: PMC4616744 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cut-point for diagnosing impaired fasting glucose (IFG) had been dispute, as reports about the associated clinical events are inconsistent. This meta-analysis evaluated the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in association with different criterion of IFG according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) or the World Health Organization (WHO) Expert Group. We included prospective cohort studies with multivariate-adjusted data on IFG and CHD for analysis. The relative risks (RRs) of CHD were calculated and reported with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Seventeen prospective cohort studies, comprising 527,021 individuals were included. The risks of CHD were increased in both participants with IFG defined as the ADA or WHO criterion (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.21; and RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.10-1.28, respectively). Subgroup analyses showed that in both definition of IFG, the risk of CHD was only increased in studies with possibility of enrolling patients with increased 2 hours plasma glucose (2-h PG), or in studies with inadequate adjustment, but not in studies excluded participants with increased 2-h PG or in those with adequate adjustment of other risk factors. Our meta-analysis demonstrates that the presence of IFG was significantly associated with future risk of CHD. The risk of CHD was increased when fasting plasma glucose was as low as 100 mg/dL according to the lower cut-point of IFG by the ADA criterion. However, the risk maybe confounded by the undetected increased 2-h PG or other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Xu
- From the Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital at Shunde, Southern Medical University, Foshan (TX, XC, JD, HT, YH, YH); First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (TX, JD); Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Ghangzhou (WL); and Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, P.R. China (YH)
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195
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Um YJ, Oh SW, Lee CM, Kwon HT, Joh HK, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Ahn SH. Dietary Fat Intake and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults. Korean J Fam Med 2015; 36:245-52. [PMID: 26435816 PMCID: PMC4591391 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.5.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of dietary fat intake on the risk of cardiovascular disease remains unclear. We investigated the association between dietary fat and specific types of fat intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods The study population included 1,662 healthy adults who were 50.2 years of age and had no known hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or metabolic syndrome at the initial visit. Dietary intake was obtained from a 1-day food record. During 20.7 months of follow-up, we documented 147 cases of metabolic syndrome confirmed by self-report, anthropometric data, and blood test results. The intakes of total fat, vegetable fat, animal fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and cholesterol level divided by quintile. Multivariate analyses included age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, total calorie, and protein intake. Results Vegetable fat intake was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome risk (odds ratio for the highest vs. the lowest quintile, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.14 to 0.76). Total fat, animal fat, SFA, PUFA, MUFA, and cholesterol intakes showed no association with metabolic syndrome. Vegetable fat intake was inversely associated with the risk of hypertriglyceridemia among the components of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion These data support an inverse association between vegetable fat and the risk of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Jin Um
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Won Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Min Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Tae Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Joh
- Health Service Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ju Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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196
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Abstract
The vegetarian dietary pattern is traditionally a plant-based diet that includes fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, and possibly dairy products and/or eggs. Vegetarians and other populations who follow a plant-based dietary pattern enjoy longevity. Specifically, vegetarian dietary patterns have been associated with a lower risk for developing IHD, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, specific cancers, lower all-cause mortality and reduction in cause-specific mortality. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the USA is approximately 20 % and is currently increasing in developing countries in line with the obesity epidemic. The health care costs associated with the MetS are on a magnitude of 1.6 overall compared with healthy individuals, which makes it an important public health problem. Current evidence from several cross-sectional and case-control studies shows an association between consumption of a vegetarian dietary pattern and a reduced prevalence or risk of developing the MetS. There is a need for further research to be conducted, particularly prospective cohort studies to evaluate the effect of vegetarian dietary patterns on reducing the incidence of the MetS and, clinical trials should be designed to explore vegetarian dietary patterns for the reversal of the MetS in high-risk populations. This research could contribute to reduce the societal and economic burdens associated with the disorder.
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197
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Rattazzi M, Callegari E, Sponchiado A, Galliazzo S, Pagliara V, Villalta S, Pauletto P. Visceral obesity, but not metabolic syndrome, is associated with the presence of post-thrombotic syndrome. Thromb Res 2015; 136:225-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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198
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Tian Y, Chen K, Xie Z, Fang Y, Wang H, Nie Y, Hu D, Mu Y. The association between serum uric acid levels, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in middle aged and elderly Chinese: results from the DYSlipidemia International Study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:66. [PMID: 26160354 PMCID: PMC4702307 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients treated with lipid-lowering agents from multiple centers in China. Method We investigated 15,478 participants who had been documented with recorded SUA in the DYSlipidemia International Study which included 25,697 patients, aged 45 years old or older, who were treated with lipid-lowering agents from 122 centers between April 2012 and October 2012. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between SUA levels, MetS and CVD. Result After adjusting for multi-variables, hyperuricemia (the highest category of SUA level) showed a significantly higher risk of MetS compared to the lowest category[according to NCEP-ATPIII criteria, odds ratio (OR) 1.51, 95 % confidence interval (CI) (1.30,1.74) in men, OR 2.35 95 % CI (2.00,2.75) in women; and according to IDF criteria, OR 1.40 95 % CI (1.20,1.63) in men, OR 1.65 95 % CI (1.41,1.94) in women]. In addition, elevated SUA concentration was shown to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) (OR 1.26 95 % CI (1.09, 1.45) in men, and OR 1.27, 95 % CI (1.07, 1.50) in women) and heart failure (HF) (OR 1.61 95 % CI (1.15, 2.24) in men, and OR 1.91, 95 % CI (1.29, 2.82) in women). Conclusion Our research suggested a positive association between SUA levels and MetS in Chinese patients receiving lipid-lowering therapy. Elevated SU levels were positively associated independently of measured confounders to CHD and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China. .,Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No.183, Xinqiao Rd, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, P.R. China.
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.
| | - Zongyan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.
| | - Yi Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.
| | - Dayi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11, Xi Zhi Men Nan Da Jie, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, P.R. China.
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.
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Cheungpasitporn W, Thongprayoon C, O'Corragain OA, Edmonds PJ, Kittanamongkolchai W, Erickson SB. Associations of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened soda with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2015; 19:791-7. [PMID: 25251417 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients who regularly drink soda is controversial. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the associations between consumption of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened soda and CKD. METHODS A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception until 30 June 2014. Studies that reported odds ratios or hazard ratios comparing the risk of CKD in patients consuming significant amounts of either sugar-sweetened or artificially sweetened soda versus those who did not consume soda were included. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects, generic inverse variance method. RESULTS Five studies were included in our analysis of the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened soda and CKD. The pooled RR of CKD in patients consuming sugar-sweetened soda was 1.58 (95% CI 1.00-2.49). Four studies were selected to assess the association between consumption of artificially sweetened soda and CKD. The pooled RR of CKD in patients consuming artificially sweetened soda was 1.33 (95% CI 0.82-2.15). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates statistically significant increased risks of CKD in patients consuming sugar-sweetened soda, but not in patients consuming artificially sweetened soda. This finding suggests that sugar-sweetened soda consumption is associated with CKD and may impact clinical management and primary prevention of CKD in high-risk patients.
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Cheungpasitporn W, Thongprayoon C, Edmonds PJ, Srivali N, Ungprasert P, Kittanamongkolchai W, Erickson SB. Sugar and artificially sweetened soda consumption linked to hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Hypertens 2015; 37:587-93. [PMID: 26114357 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2015.1026044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The risk of hypertension (HTN) in patients who regularly drink soda is controversial. The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the associations between consumption of sugar and artificially sweetened soda and HTN. METHODS A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception through January 2015. Studies that reported relative risks, odd ratios or hazard ratios comparing the risk of HTN in patients consuming a significant amount of either sugar or artificially sweetened soda versus those who did not consume soda were included. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method. RESULTS Eight studies were included in our analysis to assess the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened soda and HTN. The pooled RR of HTN in patients consuming sugar-sweetened soda was 1.12 (95% CI, 1.03-1.23). Four studies were selected to assess the association between consumption of artificially sweetened soda and HTN. The pooled RR of HTN in patients consuming artificially sweetened soda was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.11-1.19). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates statistically significant associations between both sugar and artificially sweetened soda consumption and HTN. This finding may impact clinical management and primary prevention of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charat Thongprayoon
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Peter J Edmonds
- b Department of Medicine , SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , NY , USA
| | | | | | | | - Stephen B Erickson
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
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