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Movahedi A, Zhang J, Sun W, Mohammadi K, Almasi Zadeh Yaghuti A, Wei H, Wu X, Yin T, Zhuge Q. Functional analyses of PtRDM1 gene overexpression in poplars and evaluation of its effect on DNA methylation and response to salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 127:64-73. [PMID: 29549759 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modification by DNA methylation is necessary for all cellular processes, including genetic expression events, DNA repair, genomic imprinting and regulation of tissue development. It occurs almost exclusively at the C5 position of symmetric CpG and asymmetric CpHpG and CpHpH sites in genomic DNA. The RNA-directed DNA methylation (RDM1) gene is crucial for heterochromatin and DNA methylation. We overexpressed PtRDM1 gene from Populus trichocarpa to amplify transcripts of orthologous RDM1 in 'Nanlin895' (P. deltoides × P. euramericana 'Nanlin895'). This overexpression resulted in increasing RDM1 transcript levels: by ∼150% at 0 mM NaCl treatment and by ∼300% at 60 mM NaCl treatment compared to WT (control) poplars. Genomic cytosine methylation was monitored within 5.8S rDNA and histone H3 loci by bisulfite sequencing. In total, transgenic poplars revealed more DNA methylation than WT plants. In our results, roots revealed more methylated CG contexts than stems and leaves whereas, histone H3 presented more DNA methylation than 5.8S rDNA in both WT and transgenic poplars. The NaCl stresses enhanced more DNA methylation in transgenic poplars than WT plants through histone H3 and 5.8 rDNA loci. Also, the overexpression of PtRDM1 resulted in hyper-methylation, which affected plant phenotype. Transgenic poplars revealed significantly more regeneration of roots than WT poplars via NaCl treatments. Our results proved that RDM1 protein enhanced the DNA methylation by chromatin remodeling (e.g. histone H3) more than repetitive DNA sequences (e.g. 5.8S rDNA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Movahedi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weibo Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Kourosh Mohammadi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Amir Almasi Zadeh Yaghuti
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Tongming Yin
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Zhuge
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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202
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Identification on mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades by integrating protein interaction with transcriptional profiling analysis in cotton. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8178. [PMID: 29802301 PMCID: PMC5970168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play important roles in development and stress responses. In previous studies, we have systematically investigated the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) and MAPK gene families in cotton. However, the complete interactions between MAPK gene family members in MAPK signaling cascade is poorly characterized. Herein, we investigated the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) family members and identified a total of 89 MAPKKK genes in the Gossypium raimondii genome. We cloned 51 MAPKKKs in G. hirsutum and investigated the interactions between MKK and MAPKKK proteins through yeast-two hybrid assays. A total of 18 interactive protein pairs involved in 14 MAPKKKs and six MKKs were found. Among these, 13 interactive pairs had not been reported previously. Gene expression patterns revealed that 12 MAPKKKs were involved in diverse signaling pathways triggered by hormone treatments or abiotic stresses. By combining the MKK-MAPK and MKK-MAPKKK protein interactions with gene expression patterns, 38 potential MAPK signaling modules involved in the complicated cross-talks were identified, which provide a basis on elucidating biological function of the MAPK cascade in response to hormonal and/or stress responses. The systematic investigation in MAPK signaling cascades will lay a foundation for understanding the functional roles of different MAPK cascades in signal transduction pathways, and for the improvement of various defense responses in cotton.
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203
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Wang Q, Shao B, Shaikh FI, Friedt W, Gottwald S. Wheat Resistances to Fusarium Root Rot and Head Blight Are Both Associated with Deoxynivalenol- and Jasmonate-Related Gene Expression. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2018; 108:602-616. [PMID: 29256831 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-17-0172-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a major pathogen of wheat causing Fusarium head blight (FHB). Its ability to colonize wheat via seedling root infection has been reported recently. Our previous study on Fusarium root rot (FRR) has disclosed histological characteristics of pathogenesis and pathogen defense that mirror processes of spike infection. Therefore, it would be interesting to understand whether genes relevant for FHB resistance are induced in roots. The concept of similar-acting defense mechanisms provides a basis for research at broad Fusarium resistance in crop plants. However, molecular defense responses involved in FRR as well as their relation to spike resistance are unknown. To test the hypothesis of a conserved defense response, a candidate gene expression study was conducted to test the activity of selected prominent FHB defense-related genes in seedling roots, adult plant roots, spikes, and shoots. FRR was examined at seedling and adult plant stages to assess age-related pattern of disease and pathogen resistance. This study offers first evidence for a significant genetic overlap in root and spike defense responses, both in local and distant tissues. The results point to plant development-specific rather than organ-specific determinants of resistance, and suggest roots as an interesting model for studies on wheat-Fusarium interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- All authors: Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Beiqi Shao
- All authors: Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Fayaz Imamrasul Shaikh
- All authors: Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Friedt
- All authors: Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Gottwald
- All authors: Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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204
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Mohammadi K, Movahedi A, Maleki SS, Sun W, Zhang J, Almasi Zadeh Yaghuti A, Nourmohammadi S, Zhuge Q. Functional analysis of overexpressed PtDRS1 involved in abiotic stresses enhances growth in transgenic poplar. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 126:22-31. [PMID: 29494985 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Drought and salinity are two main abiotic stressors that can disrupt plant growth and survival. Various biotechnological approaches have been used to alleviate the problem of drought stress by improving water stress resistance in forestry and agriculture. The drought sensitive 1 (DRS1) gene acts as a regulator of drought stress, identified in human, yeast and some model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, but there have been no reports of DRS1 transformation in poplar plants to date. In this study, we transformed the DRS1 gene from Populus trichocarpa into Populus deltoides × Populus euramericana 'Nanlin895' using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. We confirmed that the DRS1 gene was transformed into 'Nanlin895' poplar genomes using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiplex PCR, real-time PCR, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All transformed and wild-type (WT) plants were then transferred into a greenhouse for complementary experiments. We analyzed the physiological and biochemical responses of transgenic plants under drought and salt stresses in the greenhouse, and the results were compared with control WT plants. Responses to abiotic stress were greater in transgenic plants compared with WT. Based on our results, introduction of the DRS1 gene into poplar 'Nanlin895' plants significantly enhanced the resistance of those plants to water deficit and high salinity, allowing higher growth rates of roots and shoots in those plants. Additionally, the clawed root rate increased in transformed poplars grown in culture media or in soil, and improved survival under drought and salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Mohammadi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ali Movahedi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Samaneh Sadat Maleki
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weibo Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Amir Almasi Zadeh Yaghuti
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Saeed Nourmohammadi
- Australian Research Council Center of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Qiang Zhuge
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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205
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Elías JM, Guerrero-Molina MF, Martínez-Zamora MG, Díaz-Ricci JC, Pedraza RO. Role of ethylene and related gene expression in the interaction between strawberry plants and the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:490-496. [PMID: 29350442 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Induced systemic resistance (ISR) is one of the indirect mechanisms of growth promotion exerted by plant growth-promoting bacteria, and can be mediated by ethylene (ET). We assessed ET production and the expression of related genes in the Azospirillum-strawberry plant interaction. Ethylene production was evaluated by gas chromatography in plants inoculated or not with A. brasilense REC3. Also, plants were treated with AgNO3 , an inhibitor of ET biosynthesis; with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), a precursor of ET biosynthesis; and with indole acetic acid (IAA). Plant dry biomass and the growth index were determined to assess the growth-promoting effect of A. brasilense REC3 in strawberry plants. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to analyse relative expression of the genes Faetr1, Faers1 and Faein4, which encode ET receptors; Factr1 and Faein2, involved in the ET signalling pathway; Faacs1 encoding ACC synthase; Faaco1 encoding ACC oxidase; and Faaux1 and Faami1 for IAA synthesis enzymes. Results showed that ET acts as a rapid and transient signal in the first 12 h post-treatment. A. brasilense REC3-inoculated plants had a significantly higher growth index compared to control plants. Modulation of the genes Faetr1, Faers1, Faein4, Factr1, Faein2 and Faaco1 indicated activation of ET synthesis and signalling pathways. The up-regulation of Faaux1 and Faami1 involved in IAA synthesis suggested that inoculation with A. brasilense REC3 induces production of this auxin, modulating ET signalling. Ethylene production and up-regulation of genes associated with ET signalling in strawberry plants inoculated with A. brasilense REC3 support the priming activation characteristic of ISR. This type of resistance and the activation of systemic acquired resistance previously observed in this interaction indicate that both are present in strawberry plants, could act synergistically and increase protection against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Elías
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M F Guerrero-Molina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO CONICET-UNT), and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M G Martínez-Zamora
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO CONICET-UNT), and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - J C Díaz-Ricci
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO CONICET-UNT), and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - R O Pedraza
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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206
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Xu G, Yang S, Meng L, Wang BG. The plant hormone abscisic acid regulates the growth and metabolism of endophytic fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6504. [PMID: 29695775 PMCID: PMC5916901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant hormones are well known chemical signals that regulate plant growth, development, and adaptation. However, after comparative transcriptome and metabolite analysis, we found that the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) also affect the growth and metabolism of endophytic fungus Aspergillus nidulans. There were 3148 up-regulated and 3160 down-regulated genes identified during 100 nM ABA induction. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in: RNA polymerase and basal transcription factors; ribosome biogenesis, protein processing, proteasome, and ubiquitin mediated proteolysis; nucleotide metabolism and tri-carboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; cell cycle and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Production of mycotoxins, which have insect-resistance or anti-pathogen activity, was also changed with ABA induction. This study provides the first global view of ABA induced transcription and metabolite changes in endophytic fungus, which might suggest a potential fungus-plant cross-talk via ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Suiqun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Linghong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Gui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
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207
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Haider I, Andreo-Jimenez B, Bruno M, Bimbo A, Floková K, Abuauf H, Ntui VO, Guo X, Charnikhova T, Al-Babili S, Bouwmeester HJ, Ruyter-Spira C. The interaction of strigolactones with abscisic acid during the drought response in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2403-2414. [PMID: 29538660 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Both strigolactones (SLs) and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetically originate from carotenoids. Considering their common origin, the interaction of these two hormones at the biosynthetic and/or regulatory level may be anticipated. Here we show that, in rice, drought simultaneously induces SL production in the root, and ABA production and the expression of SL biosynthetic genes in the shoot. Under control conditions, the ABA concentration was higher in shoots of the SL biosynthetic rice mutants dwarf10 (d10) and d17 than in wild-type plants, while a similar trend was observed for the SL perception mutant d3. These differences were enhanced under drought. However, drought did not result in an increase in leaf ABA content in the rice mutant line d27, carrying a mutation in the gene encoding the first committed enzyme in SL biosynthesis, to the same extent as in the other SL mutants and the wild type. Accordingly, d10, d17, and d3 lines were more drought tolerant than wild-type plants, whereas d27 displayed decreased tolerance. Finally, overexpression of OsD27 in rice resulted in increased levels of ABA when compared with wild-type plants. We conclude that the SL and ABA pathways are connected with each other through D27, which plays a crucial role in determining ABA and SL content in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Haider
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Beatriz Andreo-Jimenez
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Bruno
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Bimbo
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristýna Floková
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Plant hormone biology group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Haneen Abuauf
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentine Otang Ntui
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiujie Guo
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tatsiana Charnikhova
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- Bioactives Lab, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Plant hormone biology group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Ruyter-Spira
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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208
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The brassinosteroid-regulated transcription factors BZR1/BES1 function as a coordinator in multisignal-regulated plant growth. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:561-571. [PMID: 29673687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BZR1 and BES1 are key transcription factors of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and represent the integration node of numerous signaling cascades. Their direct target genes have been identified, and BZR1/BES1-DNA interactions have been experimentally verified. Importantly, BZR1/BES1 also integrate different growth and development events via direct protein-protein interactions. For instance, DELLAs, PIFs, ARF6, and PKL, all directly interact with BZR1/BES1, forming a BZR1/BES1-centered regulatory network to coordinate cell elongation. By dissecting various BZR1/BES1-mediated BR responses, the concept that BZR1/BES1 act as an integration hub in multisignal-regulated plant growth and development was developed. The regulation of BZR1/BES1 is dynamic and multifaceted, including phosphorylation status, activity, and stability. Moreover, certain epigenetic modification mechanisms are involved in BZR1/BES1's regulation of gene expression. Herein, we review recent advances in BZR1/BES1-mediated molecular connections between BR and other pathways, highlighting the central role of the BZR1/BES1 interactome in optimizing plant growth and development.
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209
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Determination of Five Plant Growth Regulator Containing Carboxyl in Bean Sprouts Based on Chemical Derivatization by GC-MS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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210
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Chagas FO, Pessotti RDC, Caraballo-Rodríguez AM, Pupo MT. Chemical signaling involved in plant-microbe interactions. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1652-1704. [PMID: 29218336 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are found everywhere, and they are closely associated with plants. Because the establishment of any plant-microbe association involves chemical communication, understanding crosstalk processes is fundamental to defining the type of relationship. Although several metabolites from plants and microbes have been fully characterized, their roles in the chemical interplay between these partners are not well understood in most cases, and they require further investigation. In this review, we describe different plant-microbe associations from colonization to microbial establishment processes in plants along with future prospects, including agricultural benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Oliveira Chagas
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FCFRP-USP), Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
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211
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Wei T, Deng K, Wang H, Zhang L, Wang C, Song W, Zhang Y, Chen C. Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Potential Mechanisms of Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Salvia Miltiorrhiza Plants Expressing AtDREB1A from Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29534548 PMCID: PMC5877688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, drought-resistant transgenic plants of Salvia miltiorrhiza were produced via overexpression of the transcription factor AtDREB1A. To unravel the molecular mechanisms underpinning elevated drought tolerance in transgenic plants, in the present study we compared the global transcriptional profiles of wild-type (WT) and AtDREB1A-expressing transgenic plants using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Using cluster analysis, we identified 3904 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Compared with WT plants, 423 unigenes were up-regulated in pRD29A::AtDREB1A-31 before drought treatment, while 936 were down-regulated and 1580 and 1313 unigenes were up- and down-regulated after six days of drought. COG analysis revealed that the 'signal transduction mechanisms' category was highly enriched among these DEGs both before and after drought stress. Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation, DEGs associated with "ribosome", "plant hormone signal transduction", photosynthesis", "plant-pathogen interaction", "glycolysis/gluconeogenesis" and "carbon fixation" are hypothesized to perform major functions in drought resistance in AtDREB1A-expressing transgenic plants. Furthermore, the number of DEGs associated with different transcription factors increased significantly after drought stress, especially the AP2/ERF, bZIP and MYB protein families. Taken together, this study substantially expands the transcriptomic information for S. miltiorrhiza and provides valuable clues for elucidating the mechanism of AtDREB1A-mediated drought tolerance in transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Hongbin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Wenqin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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212
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Wong A, Tian X, Gehring C, Marondedze C. Discovery of Novel Functional Centers With Rationally Designed Amino Acid Motifs. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2018; 16:70-76. [PMID: 29977479 PMCID: PMC6026216 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to environmental stresses and in part due to their sessile nature, they have evolved signal perception and adaptive strategies that are distinct from those of other eukaryotes. This is reflected at the cellular level where receptors and signalling molecules cannot be identified using standard homology-based searches querying with proteins from prokaryotes and other eukaryotes. One of the reasons for this is the complex domain architecture of receptor molecules. In order to discover hidden plant signalling molecules, we have developed a motif-based approach designed specifically for the identification of functional centers in plant molecules. This has made possible the discovery of novel components involved in signalling and stimulus-response pathways; the molecules include cyclic nucleotide cyclases, a nitric oxide sensor and a novel target for the hormone abscisic acid. Here, we describe the major steps of the method and illustrate it with recent and experimentally confirmed molecules as examples. We foresee that carefully curated search motifs supported by structural and bioinformatic assessments will uncover many more structural and functional aspects, particularly of signalling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Xuechen Tian
- Department of Biology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Chris Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology & Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudius Marondedze
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA/DRF/BIG, INRA UMR1417, CNRS UMR5168, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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213
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Chrétien LTS, David A, Daikou E, Boland W, Gershenzon J, Giron D, Dicke M, Lucas‐Barbosa D. Caterpillars induce jasmonates in flowers and alter plant responses to a second attacker. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:1279-1291. [PMID: 29207438 PMCID: PMC5814890 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In nature, herbivorous insects and plant pathogens are generally abundant when plants are flowering. Thus, plants face a diversity of attackers during their reproductive phase. Plant responses to one attacker can interfere with responses to a second attacker, and phytohormones that orchestrate plant reproduction are also involved in resistance to insect and pathogen attack. We quantified phytohormonal responses of flowering plants exposed to single or dual attack and studied resistance mechanisms of plants in the flowering stage. Flowering Brassica nigra were exposed to either a chewing caterpillar, a phloem-feeding aphid or a bacterial pathogen, and plant hormonal responses were compared with dual attack situations. We quantified phytohormones in inflorescences and leaves, and determined the consequences of hormonal changes for components of direct and indirect plant resistance. Caterpillars were the main inducers of jasmonates in inflorescences, and the phytohormonal profile of leaves was not affected by either insect or pathogen attack. Dual attack increased plant resistance to caterpillars, but compromised resistance to aphids. Parasitoid performance was negatively correlated with the performance of their hosts. We conclude that plants prioritize resistance of reproductive tissues over vegetative tissues, and that a chewing herbivore species is the main driver of responses in flowering B. nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille T. S. Chrétien
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 1, Radix building6708PBWageningenthe Netherlands
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI)UMR 7261CNRS/Université François‐Rabelais de ToursAvenue Monge, Parc Grandmont37200ToursFrance
- Department of BiologyÉcole Normale Supérieure de Lyon (ENS L)46 Allée d'Italie69007LyonFrance
| | - Anja David
- Department of Bioorganic ChemistryMax Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPI CE)Beutenberg Campus, Hans‐Knoell‐Strasse 8D‐07745JenaGermany
| | - Eirini Daikou
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 1, Radix building6708PBWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Wilhelm Boland
- Department of Bioorganic ChemistryMax Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPI CE)Beutenberg Campus, Hans‐Knoell‐Strasse 8D‐07745JenaGermany
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of BiochemistryMax Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPI CE)Beutenberg Campus, Hans‐Knoell‐Strasse 8D‐07745JenaGermany
| | - David Giron
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI)UMR 7261CNRS/Université François‐Rabelais de ToursAvenue Monge, Parc Grandmont37200ToursFrance
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 1, Radix building6708PBWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Dani Lucas‐Barbosa
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 1, Radix building6708PBWageningenthe Netherlands
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214
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Ran X, Liu J, Qi M, Wang Y, Cheng J, Zhang Y. GSHR, a Web-Based Platform Provides Gene Set-Level Analyses of Hormone Responses in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:23. [PMID: 29416546 PMCID: PMC5787578 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones regulate diverse aspects of plant growth and environmental responses. Recent high-throughput technologies have promoted a more comprehensive profiling of genes regulated by different hormones. However, these omics data generally result in large gene lists that make it challenging to interpret the data and extract insights into biological significance. With the rapid accumulation of theses large-scale experiments, especially the transcriptomic data available in public databases, a means of using this information to explore the transcriptional networks is needed. Different platforms have different architectures and designs, and even similar studies using the same platform may obtain data with large variances because of the highly dynamic and flexible effects of plant hormones; this makes it difficult to make comparisons across different studies and platforms. Here, we present a web server providing gene set-level analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana hormone responses. GSHR collected 333 RNA-seq and 1,205 microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus, characterizing transcriptomic changes in Arabidopsis in response to phytohormones including abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and strigolactones. These data were further processed and organized into 1,368 gene sets regulated by different hormones or hormone-related factors. By comparing input gene lists to these gene sets, GSHR helped to identify gene sets from the input gene list regulated by different phytohormones or related factors. Together, GSHR links prior information regarding transcriptomic changes induced by hormones and related factors to newly generated data and facilities cross-study and cross-platform comparisons; this helps facilitate the mining of biologically significant information from large-scale datasets. The GSHR is freely available at http://bioinfo.sibs.ac.cn/GSHR/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ran
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meifang Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfei Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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215
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Vásquez AX, Soto Sedano JC, López Carrascal CE. Unraveling the molecules hidden in the gray shadows of quantitative disease resistance to pathogens. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2018. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v23n1.66487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Una de las preguntas más desafiantes del fitomejoramiento y de la fitopatología molecular es ¿cuáles son las bases genéticas y moleculares de la resistencia cuantitativa a enfermedades?. El escaso conocimiento de cómo este tipo de resistencia funciona ha obstaculizado que los fitomejoradores la aprovecharlo plenamente. Para superar estos obstáculos se han desarrollado nuevas metodologías para el estudio de rasgos cuantitativos. Los enfoques como el mapeo genético, la identificación de loci de rasgos cuantitativos (QTL) y el mapeo por asociaciones, incluyendo el enfoque de genes candidatos y los estudios de asociación amplia del genoma, se han llevado a cabo históricamente para describir rasgos cuantitativos y por lo tanto para estudiar QDR. Además, se han proporcionado grandes avances en la obtención de datos fenotípicos cuantitativos para mejorar estos análisis. Recientemente, algunos genes asociados a QDR han sido clonados, lo que conduce a nuevas hipótesis sobre las bases moleculares de este tipo de resistencia. En esta revisión presentamos los avances más recientes sobre QDR y la correspondiente aplicación, que han permitido postular nuevas ideas que pueden ayudar a construir nuevos modelos. Algunas de las hipótesis presentadas aquí como posibles explicaciones para QDR están relacionadas con el nivel de expresión y el splicing alternativo de algunos genes relacionados con la defensa, la acción de "alelos débiles" de genes R, la presencia de variantes alélicas en los genes implicados en la respuesta de defensa y un papel central de quinasas o pseudoqinasas. Con la información recapitulada en esta revisión es posible concluir que la distinción conceptual entre resistencia cualitativa y cuantitativa puede ser cuestionada ya que ambos comparten importantes componentes.
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216
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Yu C, Zhan Y, Feng X, Huang ZA, Sun C. Identification and Expression Profiling of the Auxin Response Factors in Capsicum annuum L. under Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122719. [PMID: 29244768 PMCID: PMC5751320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxin response factors (ARFs) play important roles in regulating plant growth and development and response to environmental stress. An exhaustive analysis of the CaARF family was performed using the latest publicly available genome for pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). In total, 22 non-redundant CaARF gene family members in six classes were analyzed, including chromosome locations, gene structures, conserved motifs of proteins, phylogenetic relationships and Subcellular localization. Phylogenetic analysis of the ARFs from pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), Arabidopsis and rice (Oryza sativa L.) revealed both similarity and divergence between the four ARF families, and aided in predicting biological functions of the CaARFs. Furthermore, expression profiling of CaARFs was obtained in various organs and tissues using quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Expression analysis of these genes was also conducted with various hormones and abiotic treatments using qRT-PCR. Most CaARF genes were regulated by exogenous hormone treatments at the transcriptional level, and many CaARF genes were altered by abiotic stress. Systematic analysis of CaARF genes is imperative to elucidate the roles of CaARF family members in mediating auxin signaling in the adaptation of pepper to a challenging environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenliang Yu
- Vegetable Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Yihua Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xuping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zong-An Huang
- Institute of Vegetable Sciences, Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325014, China.
| | - Chendong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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217
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Liu J, Moore S, Chen C, Lindsey K. Crosstalk Complexities between Auxin, Cytokinin, and Ethylene in Arabidopsis Root Development: From Experiments to Systems Modeling, and Back Again. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:1480-1496. [PMID: 29162416 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how hormones and genes interact to coordinate plant growth in a changing environment is a major challenge in plant developmental biology. Auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene are three important hormones that regulate many aspects of plant development. This review critically evaluates the crosstalk between the three hormones in Arabidopsis root development. We integrate a variety of experimental data into a crosstalk network, which reveals multiple layers of complexity in auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene crosstalk. In particular, data integration reveals an additional, largely overlooked link between the ethylene and cytokinin pathways, which acts through a phosphorelay mechanism. This proposed link addresses outstanding questions on whether ethylene application promotes or inhibits receptor kinase activity of the ethylene receptors. Elucidating the complexity in auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene crosstalk requires a combined experimental and systems modeling approach. We evaluate important modeling efforts for establishing how crosstalk between auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene regulates patterning in root development. We discuss how a novel methodology that iteratively combines experiments with systems modeling analysis is essential for elucidating the complexity in crosstalk of auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene in root development. Finally, we discuss the future challenges from a combined experimental and modeling perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Liu
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Simon Moore
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Chunli Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Keith Lindsey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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218
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Geng J, Li L, Lv Q, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhang L, Li X. TaGW2-6A allelic variation contributes to grain size possibly by regulating the expression of cytokinins and starch-related genes in wheat. PLANTA 2017; 246:1153-1163. [PMID: 28825220 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Functional allelic variants of TaGW2 - 6A produce large grains, possibly via changes in endosperm cells and dry matter by regulating the expression of cytokinins and starch-related genes via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In wheat, TaGW2-6A coding region allelic variants are closely related to the grain width and weight, but how this region affects grain development has not been fully elucidated; thus, we explored its influence on grain development based mainly on histological and grain filling analyses. We found that the insertion type (NIL31) TaGW2-6A allelic variants exhibited increases in cell numbers and cell size, thereby resulting in a larger (wider) grain size with an accelerated grain milk filling rate, and increases in grain width and weight. We also found that cytokinin (CK) synthesis genes and key starch biosynthesis enzyme AGPase genes were significantly upregulated in the TaGW2-6A allelic variants, while CK degradation genes and starch biosynthesis-negative regulators were downregulated in the TaGW2-6A allelic variants, which was consistent with the changes in cells and grain filling. Thus, we speculate that TaGW2-6A allelic variants are linked with CK signaling, but they also influence the accumulation of starch by regulating the expression of related genes via the ubiquitin-proteasome system to control the grain size and grain weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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219
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Ilangumaran G, Smith DL. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Amelioration of Salinity Stress: A Systems Biology Perspective. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1768. [PMID: 29109733 PMCID: PMC5660262 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity affects plant growth and is a major abiotic stress that limits crop productivity. It is well-understood that environmental adaptations and genetic traits regulate salinity tolerance in plants, but imparting the knowledge gained towards crop improvement remain arduous. Harnessing the potential of beneficial microorganisms present in the rhizosphere is an alternative strategy for improving plant stress tolerance. This review intends to elucidate the understanding of salinity tolerance mechanisms attributed by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Recent advances in molecular studies have yielded insights into the signaling networks of plant-microbe interactions that contribute to salt tolerance. The beneficial effects of PGPR involve boosting key physiological processes, including water and nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and source-sink relationships that promote growth and development. The regulation of osmotic balance and ion homeostasis by PGPR are conducted through modulation of phytohormone status, gene expression, protein function, and metabolite synthesis in plants. As a result, improved antioxidant activity, osmolyte accumulation, proton transport machinery, salt compartmentalization, and nutrient status reduce osmotic stress and ion toxicity. Furthermore, in addition to indole-3-acetic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase biosynthesis, other extracellular secretions of the rhizobacteria function as signaling molecules and elicit stress responsive pathways. Application of PGPR inoculants is a promising measure to combat salinity in agricultural fields, thereby increasing global food production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald L. Smith
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
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220
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Li Q, Li L, Liu Y, Lv Q, Zhang H, Zhu J, Li X. Influence of TaGW2-6A on seed development in wheat by negatively regulating gibberellin synthesis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 263:226-235. [PMID: 28818379 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins (GA) are involved in seed development and E3 ubiquitin-ligases actively participate in GA perception and signal transduction. TaGW2-6A encodes a RING E3 ubiquitin-ligase that negatively regulates grain size. Therefore, Chinese Spring (CS) and its TaGW2-6A allelic variants (NIL31) were investigated to elucidate the relative contribution of GA to the regulation of seed development in wheat. The expression levels of GA biosynthesis and response genes were higher in NIL31 than CS, especially those of GA 3-oxidase and GASA4. The expression of TaGW2-6A exhibited the opposite pattern compared with those of the GA biosynthesis and response genes in CS and NIL31. The results showed that the GA content of NIL31 was significantly higher than that of CS. Thus, TaGW2-6A had a negative relationship on GA synthesis and response genes. Moreover, after GA treatment, CS and NIL31 exhibited the opposite phenotypes and GA contents. These results demonstrate that allelic variation in TaGW2-6A increases the seed size via the GA hormone pathway. Transcriptional analysis and cytological analysis showed that TaGW2-6A allelic variants regulated GA synthesis via GA 3-oxidases, thereby leading to the higher expression of GASA4 to control endosperm cell elongation and division during grain filling. Finally, germination experiments were performed to elucidate the relationships between TaGW2-6A and GA synthesis and response genes in wheat with full fertility. These results provide new insights into the effects of the ubiquitination system mediated by TaGW2-6A on the GA hormone signaling pathway, thereby improving our understanding of the role of TaGW2-6A in seed development in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
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221
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Sarwat M, Tuteja N. Hormonal signaling to control stomatal movement during drought stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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222
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Paik I, Kathare PK, Kim JI, Huq E. Expanding Roles of PIFs in Signal Integration from Multiple Processes. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:1035-1046. [PMID: 28711729 PMCID: PMC5551451 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) are members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors in Arabidopsis. Since their discovery in phytochrome-mediated light signaling pathways, recent studies have unraveled new functions of PIFs in integrating multiple signaling pathways not only through their role as transcription factors directly targeting gene expression but also by interacting with diverse groups of factors to optimize plant growth and development. These include endogenous (e.g., hormonal) as well as abiotic (light, circadian, and elevated temperature) and biotic (defense responses) pathways. PIFs interact with key factors in each of these pathways and tailor the outcome of the signal integration among these pathways. This review discusses the roles of PIFs as pivotal signal integrators in regulating plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyup Paik
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Kathare
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jeong-Il Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Enamul Huq
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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223
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Wang W, Jiang W, Liu J, Li Y, Gai J, Li Y. Genome-wide characterization of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene superfamily in soybean and its potential role in drought stress response. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:518. [PMID: 28687067 PMCID: PMC5501352 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) represent a group of enzymes that detoxify aldehydes by facilitating their oxidation to carboxylic acids, and have been shown to play roles in plant response to abiotic stresses. However, the comprehensive analysis of ALDH superfamily in soybean (Glycine max) has been limited. RESULTS In present study, a total of 53 GmALDHs were identified in soybean, and grouped into 10 ALDH families according to the ALDH Gene Nomenclature Committee and phylogenetic analysis. These groupings were supported by their gene structures and conserved motifs. Soybean ALDH superfamily expanded mainly by whole genome duplication/segmental duplications. Gene network analysis identified 1146 putative co-functional genes of 51 GmALDHs. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis suggested the co-functional genes of these 51 GmALDHs were enriched (FDR < 1e-3) in the process of lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, proline catabolism, and small molecule catabolism. In addition, 22 co-functional genes of GmALDHs are related to plant response to water deprivation/water transport. GmALDHs exhibited various expression patterns in different soybean tissues. The expression levels of 13 GmALDHs were significantly up-regulated and 14 down-regulated in response to water deficit. The occurrence frequencies of three drought-responsive cis-elements (ABRE, CRT/DRE, and GTGCnTGC/G) were compared in GmALDH genes that were up-, down-, or non-regulated by water deficit. Higher frequency of these three cis-elements was observed for the group of up-regulated GmALDH genes as compared to the group of down- or non- regulated GmALDHs by drought stress, implying their potential roles in the regulation of soybean response to drought stress. CONCLUSIONS A total of 53 ALDH genes were identified in soybean genome and their phylogenetic relationships and duplication patterns were analyzed. The potential functions of GmALDHs were predicted by analyses of their co-functional gene networks, gene expression profiles, and cis-regulatory elements. Three GmALDH genes, including GmALDH3H2, GmALDH12A2 and GmALDH18B3, were highly induced by drought stress in soybean leaves. Our study provides a foundation for future investigations of GmALDH gene function in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / National Center for Soybean Improvement / Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture) / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / National Center for Soybean Improvement / Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture) / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Juge Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / National Center for Soybean Improvement / Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture) / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / National Center for Soybean Improvement / Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture) / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Junyi Gai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / National Center for Soybean Improvement / Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture) / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / National Center for Soybean Improvement / Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture) / Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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Baghban Kohnehrouz B, Bastami M, Nayeri S. In Silico Identification of Novel microRNAs and Targets Using EST Analysis in Allium cepa L. Interdiscip Sci 2017; 10:771-780. [PMID: 28660536 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-017-0240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a newly discovered class of non-coding small RNAs roughly 22 nucleotides long. Increasing evidence has shown that miRNAs play multiple roles in biological processes, including development, cell proliferation, apoptosis and stress responses. The identification of miRNAs and their targets is an important need to understand their roles in the development and physiology of sweet onion (Allium cepa). In this research, several computational approaches were combined to make concise prediction of the potential miRNAs and their targets. We used previously known miRNAs from other plant species against Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) database to search for the potential miRNAs. As a result, nine potential miRNAs were identified in eight ESTs of A. cepa, belonging to eight families. We could further BLAST the mRNA database and found total 154 number of the potential targets in A. cepa based on these potential miRNAs. According to the mRNA target information provided by NCBI, most of the target mRNAs appeared to be involved in plant growth, signal transduction, development, and stress responses. Gene ontology (GO) analysis implicated these targets in 32 biological processes such as protein ubiquitination, plant hormone signalling pathways and heme biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meysam Bastami
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, 34149, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shahnoush Nayeri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of New Technologies and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, 19839, Tehran, Iran
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225
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Caballo-Ponce E, Murillo J, Martínez-Gil M, Moreno-Pérez A, Pintado A, Ramos C. Knots Untie: Molecular Determinants Involved in Knot Formation Induced by Pseudomonas savastanoi in Woody Hosts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1089. [PMID: 28680437 PMCID: PMC5478681 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The study of the molecular basis of tree diseases is lately receiving a renewed attention, especially with the emerging perception that pathogens require specific pathogenicity and virulence factors to successfully colonize woody hosts. Pathosystems involving woody plants are notoriously difficult to study, although the use of model bacterial strains together with genetically homogeneous micropropagated plant material is providing a significant impetus to our understanding of the molecular determinants leading to disease. The gammaproteobacterium Pseudomonas savastanoi belongs to the intensively studied Pseudomonas syringae complex, and includes three pathogenic lineages causing tumorous overgrowths (knots) in diverse economically relevant trees and shrubs. As it occurs with many other bacteria, pathogenicity of P. savastanoi is dependent on a type III secretion system, which is accompanied by a core set of at least 20 effector genes shared among strains isolated from olive, oleander, and ash. The induction of knots of wild-type size requires that the pathogen maintains adequate levels of diverse metabolites, including the phytohormones indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinins, as well as cyclic-di-GMP, some of which can also regulate the expression of other pathogenicity and virulence genes and participate in bacterial competitiveness. In a remarkable example of social networking, quorum sensing molecules allow for the communication among P. savastanoi and other members of the knot microbiome, while at the same time are essential for tumor formation. Additionally, a distinguishing feature of bacteria from the P. syringae complex isolated from woody organs is the possession of a 15 kb genomic island (WHOP) carrying four operons and three other genes involved in degradation of phenolic compounds. Two of these operons mediate the catabolism of anthranilate and catechol and, together with another operon, are required for the induction of full-size tumors in woody hosts, but not in non-woody micropropagated plants. The use of transposon mutagenesis also uncovered a treasure trove of additional P. savastanoi genes affecting virulence and participating in diverse bacterial processes. Although there is still much to be learned on what makes a bacterium a successful pathogen of trees, we are already untying the knots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Caballo-Ponce
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘La Mayora’, Universidad de Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMálaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Murillo
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETS de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad Pública de NavarraPamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Gil
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘La Mayora’, Universidad de Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMálaga, Spain
| | - Alba Moreno-Pérez
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘La Mayora’, Universidad de Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMálaga, Spain
| | - Adrián Pintado
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘La Mayora’, Universidad de Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMálaga, Spain
| | - Cayo Ramos
- Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘La Mayora’, Universidad de Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasMálaga, Spain
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226
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de Montaigu A, Oeljeklaus J, Krahn JH, Suliman MN, Halder V, de Ansorena E, Nickel S, Schlicht M, Plíhal O, Kubiasová K, Radová L, Kracher B, Tóth R, Kaschani F, Coupland G, Kombrink E, Kaiser M. The Root Growth-Regulating Brevicompanine Natural Products Modulate the Plant Circadian Clock. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1466-1471. [PMID: 28379676 PMCID: PMC5477000 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Plant
growth regulating properties of brevicompanines (Brvs), natural
products of the fungus Penicillium brevicompactum, have been known for several years, but further investigations into
the molecular mechanism of their bioactivity have not been performed.
Following chemical synthesis of brevicompanine derivatives, we studied
their activity in the model plant Arabidopsis by
a combination of plant growth assays, transcriptional profiling, and
numerous additional bioassays. These studies demonstrated that brevicompanines
cause transcriptional misregulation of core components of the circadian
clock, whereas other biological read-outs were not affected. Brevicompanines
thus represent promising chemical tools for investigating the regulation
of the plant circadian clock. In addition, our study also illustrates
the potential of an unbiased -omics-based characterization of bioactive
compounds for identifying the often cryptic modes of action of small
molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury de Montaigu
- Department
of Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Julian Oeljeklaus
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Universität Duisburg-Essen, ZMB, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Jan H. Krahn
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Universität Duisburg-Essen, ZMB, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Mohamed N.S. Suliman
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Vivek Halder
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Universität Duisburg-Essen, ZMB, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Elisa de Ansorena
- Department
of Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Sabrina Nickel
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Universität Duisburg-Essen, ZMB, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Schlicht
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Ondřej Plíhal
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological
and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů
241/27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Kubiasová
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological
and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů
241/27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Radová
- Center
of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Kracher
- Bioinformatics,
Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Réka Tóth
- Department
of Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Farnusch Kaschani
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Universität Duisburg-Essen, ZMB, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - George Coupland
- Department
of Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Erich Kombrink
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10, 50829 Köln, Germany
| | - Markus Kaiser
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Universität Duisburg-Essen, ZMB, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
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227
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Simonini S, Deb J, Moubayidin L, Stephenson P, Valluru M, Freire-Rios A, Sorefan K, Weijers D, Friml J, Østergaard L. A noncanonical auxin-sensing mechanism is required for organ morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev 2017; 30:2286-2296. [PMID: 27898393 PMCID: PMC5110995 DOI: 10.1101/gad.285361.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tissue patterning in multicellular organisms is the output of precise spatio-temporal regulation of gene expression coupled with changes in hormone dynamics. In plants, the hormone auxin regulates growth and development at every stage of a plant's life cycle. Auxin signaling occurs through binding of the auxin molecule to a TIR1/AFB F-box ubiquitin ligase, allowing interaction with Aux/IAA transcriptional repressor proteins. These are subsequently ubiquitinated and degraded via the 26S proteasome, leading to derepression of auxin response factors (ARFs). How auxin is able to elicit such a diverse range of developmental responses through a single signaling module has not yet been resolved. Here we present an alternative auxin-sensing mechanism in which the ARF ARF3/ETTIN controls gene expression through interactions with process-specific transcription factors. This noncanonical hormone-sensing mechanism exhibits strong preference for the naturally occurring auxin indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) and is important for coordinating growth and patterning in diverse developmental contexts such as gynoecium morphogenesis, lateral root emergence, ovule development, and primary branch formation. Disrupting this IAA-sensing ability induces morphological aberrations with consequences for plant fitness. Therefore, our findings introduce a novel transcription factor-based mechanism of hormone perception in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Simonini
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Joyita Deb
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Laila Moubayidin
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Stephenson
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Manoj Valluru
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandra Freire-Rios
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6703 HA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karim Sorefan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6703 HA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
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228
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Liu X, Lin Y, Liu D, Wang C, Zhao Z, Cui X, Liu Y, Yang Y. MAPK-mediated auxin signal transduction pathways regulate the malic acid secretion under aluminum stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sci Rep 2017; 7:1620. [PMID: 28487539 PMCID: PMC5431644 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitative (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic approach was used to screen the differentially expressed proteins during control treatment (CK), aluminum (Al) and Al+ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment of wheat lines ET8 (Al-tolerant). Further, the the expression levels of auxin response factor (ARF), Aux/IAA, Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) 2c, and MAPK1a were analyzed. Results showed that 16 proteins were determined to be differentially expressed in response to Al and IAA co-treatment compared with Al alone. Among them, MAPK2c and MAPK1a proteins displayed markedly differential expression during the processes. The expression of ARF2 was upregulated and Aux/IAA was downregulated by Al, while both in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Western-blot detection of MAPK2c and MAPK1a indicated that Al upregulated MAPK2c and downregulated MAPK1a in both concentration- and time-dependent manners. Exogenous IAA could promote the expression of MAPK2c, but inhibit the expression of MAPK1a in the presence/absence of Al. These findings indicated that IAA acted as one of the key signaling molecule controls the response mechanism of wheat malic acid efflux to Al stress through the suppression/activation of Aux/IAA and ARFs, and the activity of MAPK2c and MAPK1a were positively or negatively regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.,Centre for Microelement Research of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yameng Lin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.,Centre for Microelement Research of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Diqiu Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chengxiao Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhuqing Zhao
- Centre for Microelement Research of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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229
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Expression analysis of genes encoding double B-box zinc finger proteins in maize. Funct Integr Genomics 2017; 17:653-666. [PMID: 28480497 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-017-0562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The B-box proteins play key roles in plant development. The double B-box (DBB) family is one of the subfamily of the B-box family, with two B-box domains and without a CCT domain. In this study, 12 maize double B-box genes (ZmDBBs) were identified through a genome-wide survey. Phylogenetic analysis of DBB proteins from maize, rice, Sorghum bicolor, Arabidopsis, and poplar classified them into five major clades. Gene duplication analysis indicated that segmental duplications made a large contribution to the expansion of ZmDBBs. Furthermore, a large number of cis-acting regulatory elements related to plant development, response to light and phytohormone were identified in the promoter regions of the ZmDBB genes. The expression patterns of the ZmDBB genes in various tissues and different developmental stages demonstrated that ZmDBBs might play essential roles in plant development, and some ZmDBB genes might have unique function in specific developmental stages. In addition, several ZmDBB genes showed diurnal expression pattern. The expression levels of some ZmDBB genes changed significantly under light/dark treatment conditions and phytohormone treatments, implying that they might participate in light signaling pathway and hormone signaling. Our results will provide new information to better understand the complexity of the DBB gene family in maize.
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230
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Li Q, Zheng J, Li S, Huang G, Skilling SJ, Wang L, Li L, Li M, Yuan L, Liu P. Transporter-Mediated Nuclear Entry of Jasmonoyl-Isoleucine Is Essential for Jasmonate Signaling. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:695-708. [PMID: 28179150 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To control gene expression by directly responding to hormone concentrations, both animal and plant cells have exploited comparable mechanisms to sense small-molecule hormones in nucleus. Whether nuclear entry of these hormones is actively transported or passively diffused, as conventionally postulated, through the nuclear pore complex, remains enigmatic. Here, we identified and characterized a jasmonate transporter in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtJAT1/AtABCG16, which exhibits an unexpected dual localization at the nuclear envelope and plasma membrane. We show that AtJAT1/AtABCG16 controls the cytoplasmic and nuclear partition of jasmonate phytohormones by mediating both cellular efflux of jasmonic acid (JA) and nuclear influx of jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), and is essential for maintaining a critical nuclear JA-Ile concentration to activate JA signaling. These results illustrate that transporter-mediated nuclear entry of small hormone molecules is a new mechanism to regulate nuclear hormone signaling. Our findings provide an avenue to develop pharmaceutical agents targeting the nuclear entry of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuaizhang Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Guanrong Huang
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Stephen J Skilling
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Lijian Wang
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Mengya Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Lixing Yuan
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
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231
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Tu B, Liu C, Tian B, Zhang Q, Liu X, Herbert SJ. Reduced abscisic acid content is responsible for enhanced sucrose accumulation by potassium nutrition in vegetable soybean seeds. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2017; 130:551-558. [PMID: 28247062 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the physiological mechanism of potassium (K) application in enhancing sugar content of vegetable soybean seeds, pot experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 with two vegetable soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) cultivars (c.v. Zhongkemaodou 1 and c.v. 121) under normal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus application. Three potassium (K) fertilization treatments were imposed: No K application (K0), 120 kg K2SO4 ha-1 at seeding (K1), and 120 kg K2SO4 ha-1 at seedling + 1% K2SO4 foliar application at flowering (K2). Contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GA), cytokinins (ZR) and abscisic acid (ABA) in seeds were determined from 4 to 8 weeks after flowering. K fertilization increased the contents of IAA, GA, ZR, soluble sugar, sucrose and fresh pod yield, but reduced ABA content consistently. When the contents of soluble sugar and sucrose reached the highest level at 7 weeks after flowering for the 2 cultivars, the contents of IAA、GA、ZR all reached the lowest level in general. The content of ABA in seed was negatively correlated with the sucrose content (P < 0.01, r = -0.749**, -0.768** in 2014 and -0.535**, -0.791** in 2015 for c.v.121 and c.v. Zhongkemaodou 1 respectively). The changes in ratio of the ABA to (IAA + GA + ZR) from 4 to 8 weeks after flowering affected by K application were coincident to the changes of sucrose accumulation. The reduced ratio of ABA/(IAA + GA + ZR) affected by K nutrition particularly reduced abscisic acid content plays a critical role in enhancing sucrose content, which might be a partial mechanism involved in K nutrition to improve the quality of vegetable soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Tu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haping Road No. 138, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Changkai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haping Road No. 138, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bowen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haping Road No. 138, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qiuying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haping Road No. 138, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haping Road No. 138, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Stephen J Herbert
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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Abstract
The organic electronic ion pump (OEIP) provides flow-free and accurate delivery of small signaling compounds at high spatiotemporal resolution. To date, the application of OEIPs has been limited to delivery of nonaromatic molecules to mammalian systems, particularly for neuroscience applications. However, many long-standing questions in plant biology remain unanswered due to a lack of technology that precisely delivers plant hormones, based on cyclic alkanes or aromatic structures, to regulate plant physiology. Here, we report the employment of OEIPs for the delivery of the plant hormone auxin to induce differential concentration gradients and modulate plant physiology. We fabricated OEIP devices based on a synthesized dendritic polyelectrolyte that enables electrophoretic transport of aromatic substances. Delivery of auxin to transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings in vivo was monitored in real time via dynamic fluorescent auxin-response reporters and induced physiological responses in roots. Our results provide a starting point for technologies enabling direct, rapid, and dynamic electronic interaction with the biochemical regulation systems of plants.
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234
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Conti L. Hormonal control of the floral transition: Can one catch them all? Dev Biol 2017; 430:288-301. [PMID: 28351648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The transition to flowering marks a key adaptive developmental switch in plants which impacts on their survival and fitness. Different signaling pathways control the floral transition, conveying both endogenous and environmental cues. These cues are often relayed and/or modulated by different hormones, which might confer additional developmental flexibility to the floral process in the face of varying conditions. Among the different hormonal pathways, the phytohormone gibberellic acid (GA) plays a dominant role. GA is connected with the other floral pathways through the GA-regulated DELLA proteins, acting as versatile interacting modules for different signaling proteins. In this review, I will highlight the role of DELLAs as spatial and temporal modulators of different consolidated floral pathways. Next, building on recent data, I will provide an update on some emerging themes connecting other hormone signaling cascades to flowering time control. I will finally provide examples for some established as well as potential cross-regulatory mechanisms between hormonal pathways mediated by the DELLA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Conti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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235
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Scheres B, van der Putten WH. The plant perceptron connects environment to development. Nature 2017; 543:337-345. [DOI: 10.1038/nature22010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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236
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Han GZ. Evolution of jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling mechanisms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:1323-1331. [PMID: 28007954 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates are phytohormones that modulate a wide spectrum of plant physiological processes, especially defense against herbivores and necrotrophs. The molecular mechanisms of jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling have been well characterized in model plants. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis and overview of the origin and evolution of the jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Furthermore, we discuss the striking parallels between jasmonate and auxin signaling mechanisms, which reveals a common ancestry of these signaling mechanisms. Finally, we highlight the importance of studying jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling in lower plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Zhu Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
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237
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Kim AR, Min JH, Lee KH, Kim CS. PCA22 acts as a suppressor of atrzf1 to mediate proline accumulation in response to abiotic stress in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:1797-1809. [PMID: 28369480 PMCID: PMC5444443 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Proline metabolism is important for environmental responses, plant growth, and development. However, its precise roles in plant abiotic stress tolerance are not well understood. Mutants are valuable for the identification of new genes and for elucidating their roles in physiological mechanisms. We applied a suppressor mutation approach to identify novel genes involved in the regulation of proline metabolism in Arabidopsis. Using the atrzf1 (Arabidopsis thaliana ring zinc finger 1) mutant as a parental line for activation tagging mutagenesis, we selected several mutants with suppressed induction of proline accumulation under dehydration conditions. One of the selected mutants [proline content alterative 22 (pca22)] appeared to have reduced proline contents compared with the atrzf1 mutant under drought stress. Generally, pca22 mutant plants displayed suppressed atrzf1 insensitivity to dehydration and abscisic acid during early seedling growth. Additionally, the pca22 mutant exhibited shorter pollen tube length than wild-type (WT) and atrzf1 plants. Furthermore, PCA22-overexpressing plants were more sensitive to dehydration stress than the WT and RNAi lines. Green fluorescent protein-tagged PCA22 was localized to the cytoplasm of transgenic Arabidopsis cells. Collectively, these results suggest that pca22 acts as dominant suppressor mutant of atrzf1 in the abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Reum Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Min
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Agricultural Robotics and Automation Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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238
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Molecular responses of genetically modified maize to abiotic stresses as determined through proteomic and metabolomic analyses. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173069. [PMID: 28245233 PMCID: PMC5330488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Some genetically modified (GM) plants have transgenes that confer tolerance to abiotic stressors. Meanwhile, other transgenes may interact with abiotic stressors, causing pleiotropic effects that will affect the plant physiology. Thus, physiological alteration might have an impact on the product safety. However, routine risk assessment (RA) analyses do not evaluate the response of GM plants exposed to different environmental conditions. Therefore, we here present a proteome profile of herbicide-tolerant maize, including the levels of phytohormones and related compounds, compared to its near-isogenic non-GM variety under drought and herbicide stresses. Twenty differentially abundant proteins were detected between GM and non-GM hybrids under different water deficiency conditions and herbicide sprays. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that most of these proteins are assigned to energetic/carbohydrate metabolic processes. Among phytohormones and related compounds, different levels of ABA, CA, JA, MeJA and SA were detected in the maize varieties and stress conditions analysed. In pathway and proteome analyses, environment was found to be the major source of variation followed by the genetic transformation factor. Nonetheless, differences were detected in the levels of JA, MeJA and CA and in the abundance of 11 proteins when comparing the GM plant and its non-GM near-isogenic variety under the same environmental conditions. Thus, these findings do support molecular studies in GM plants Risk Assessment analyses.
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239
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Moradi P, Ford-Lloyd B, Pritchard J. Metabolomic approach reveals the biochemical mechanisms underlying drought stress tolerance in thyme. Anal Biochem 2017; 527:49-62. [PMID: 28209457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Thyme as a perennial herb has been recognized globally for its antimicrobial, antiseptic and spasmolytic effects. In this investigation, we have used non-targeted metabolite and volatile profiling combined with the morpho-physiological parameters in order to understand the responses at the metabolite and physiological level in drought sensitive and tolerant thyme plant populations. The results at the metabolic level identified the significantly affected metabolites. Significant metabolites belonging to different chemical classes consisting amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids and lipids have been compared in tolerant and sensitive plants. These compounds may take a role through mechanisms including osmotic adjustment, ROS scavenging, cellular components protection and membrane lipid changes, hormone inductions in which the key metabolites were proline, betain, mannitol, sorbitol, ascorbate, jasmonate, unsaturated fatty acids and tocopherol. Regarding with volatile profiling, sensitive plants showed an increased-then-decreased trend at major terpenes apart from alpha-cubebene and germacrene-D. In contrast, tolerant populations had unchanged terpenes during the water stress period with an elevation at last day. These results suggesting that the two populations are employing different strategies. The combination of metabolite profiling and physiological parameters assisted to understand precisely the mechanisms of plant response at volatile metabolome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Moradi
- Research Division of Natural Resources, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Zanjan, Iran.
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240
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Wang N, Xing Y, Lou Q, Feng P, Liu S, Zhu M, Yin W, Fang S, Lin Y, Zhang T, Sang X, He G. Dwarf and short grain 1, encoding a putative U-box protein regulates cell division and elongation in rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 209:84-94. [PMID: 28013174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones coordinate a plant's responses to environmental stimuli and the endogenous developmental programs for cell division and elongation. Brassinosteroids are among the most important of these hormones in plant development. Recently, the ubiquitin-26S-proteasome system was identified to play a key role in hormone biology. In this study, we analyzed the function of a rice (Oryza sativa) gene, DSG1, which encodes a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase. In the dsg1 mutant (an allelic mutant of tud1), the lengths of the roots, internodes, panicles, and seeds were shorter than that in the wild-type, which was due to defects in cell division and elongation. In addition, the leaves of the dsg1 mutant were wider and curled. The DSG1 protein is nuclear- and cytoplasm-localized and does not show tissue specificity in terms of its expression, which occurs in roots, culms, leaves, sheaths, and spikelets. The dsg1 mutant is less sensitive to brassinosteroid treatment than the wild-type, and DSG1 expression is negatively regulated by brassinosteroids, ethylene, auxin, and salicylic acid. These results demonstrate that DSG1 positively regulates cell division and elongation and may be involved in multiple hormone pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Yadi Xing
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Qijin Lou
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Ping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Meidan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Wuzhong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Shunran Fang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Tianquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Xianchun Sang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Guanghua He
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, PR China.
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241
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Ishizaki K. Evolution of land plants: insights from molecular studies on basal lineages. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:73-80. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1224641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The invasion of the land by plants, or terrestrialization, was one of the most critical events in the history of the Earth. The evolution of land plants included significant transformations in body plans: the emergence of a multicellular diploid sporophyte, transition from gametophyte-dominant to sporophyte-dominant life histories, and development of many specialized tissues and organs, such as stomata, vascular tissues, roots, leaves, seeds, and flowers. Recent advances in molecular genetics in two model basal plants, bryophytes Physcomitrella patens and Marchantia polymorpha, have begun to provide answers to several key questions regarding land plant evolution. This paper discusses the evolution of the genes and regulatory mechanisms that helped drive such significant morphological innovations among land-based plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitsune Ishizaki
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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242
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Zhang T, Xu P, Wang W, Wang S, Caruana JC, Yang HQ, Lian H. Arabidopsis G-Protein β Subunit AGB1 Interacts with BES1 to Regulate Brassinosteroid Signaling and Cell Elongation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2225. [PMID: 29375601 PMCID: PMC5767185 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, brassinosteroids (BR) are major growth-promoting hormones, which integrate with the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) signals and cooperatively modulate cell division and elongation. However, the mechanisms of interaction between BR and G-protein are not well understood. Here, we show that the G-protein β subunit AGB1 directly interacts with the BR transcription factor BES1 in vitro and in vivo. An AGB1-null mutant, agb1-2, displays BR hyposensitivity and brassinazole (BRZ, BR biosynthesis inhibitor) hypersensitivity, which suggests that AGB1 positively mediates the BR signaling pathway. Moreover, we demonstrate that AGB1 synergistically regulates expression of BES1 target genes, including the BR biosynthesis genes CPD and DWF4 and the SAUR family genes required for promoting cell elongation. Further, Western blot analysis of BES1 phosphorylation states indicates that the interaction between AGB1 and BES1 alters the phosphorylation status of BES1 and increases the ratio of dephosphorylated to phosphorylated BES1, which leads to accumulation of dephosphorylated BES1 in the nucleus. Finally, AGB1 promotes BES1 binding to BR target genes and stimulates the transcriptional activity of BES1. Taken together, our results demonstrate that AGB1 positively regulates cell elongation by affecting the phosphorylation status and transcriptional activity of BES1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengbo Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Julie C. Caruana
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Hong-Quan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Lian
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongli Lian,
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243
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Song S, Chang J, Ma C, Tan YW. Single-Molecule Fluorescence Methods to Study Plant Hormone Signal Transduction Pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1888. [PMID: 29163610 PMCID: PMC5673658 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant-hormone-initiated signaling pathways are extremely vital for plant growth, differentiation, development, and adaptation to environmental stresses. Hormonal perception by receptors induces downstream signal transduction mechanisms that lead to plant responses. However, conventional techniques-such as genetics, biochemistry, and physiology methods-that are applied to elucidate these signaling pathways can only provide qualitative or ensemble-averaged quantitative results, and the intrinsic molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The present study developed novel methodologies based on in vitro single-molecule fluorescence assays to elucidate the complete and detailed mechanisms of plant hormone signal transduction pathways. The proposed methods are based on multicolor total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and a flow cell model for gas environment control. The methods validate the effectiveness of single-molecule approaches for the extraction of abundant information, including oligomerization, specific gas dependence, and the interaction kinetics of different components.
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244
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Podgórska A, Burian M, Szal B. Extra-Cellular But Extra-Ordinarily Important for Cells: Apoplastic Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1353. [PMID: 28878783 PMCID: PMC5572287 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), by their very nature, are highly reactive, and it is no surprise that they can cause damage to organic molecules. In cells, ROS are produced as byproducts of many metabolic reactions, but plants are prepared for this ROS output. Even though extracellular ROS generation constitutes only a minor part of a cell's total ROS level, this fraction is of extraordinary importance. In an active apoplastic ROS burst, it is mainly the respiratory burst oxidases and peroxidases that are engaged, and defects of these enzymes can affect plant development and stress responses. It must be highlighted that there are also other less well-known enzymatic or non-enzymatic ROS sources. There is a need for ROS detoxification in the apoplast, and almost all cellular antioxidants are present in this space, but the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of low-mass antioxidants is very low. The low antioxidant efficiency in the apoplast allows ROS to accumulate easily, which is a condition for ROS signaling. Therefore, the apoplastic ROS/antioxidant homeostasis is actively engaged in the reception and reaction to many biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bożena Szal
- *Correspondence: Bożena Szal, Anna Podgórska,
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245
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Liu Q, Liu Y, Tang Y, Chen J, Ding W. Overexpression of NtWRKY50 Increases Resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum and Alters Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid Production in Tobacco. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1710. [PMID: 29075272 PMCID: PMC5641554 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) modulate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we characterized a WRKY IIc TF, NtWRKY50, isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants. The results showed that NtWRKY50 is a nuclear-localized protein and that its gene transcript is induced in tobacco when inoculated with the pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. Overexpression of NtWRKY50 enhanced bacterial resistance, which correlated with enhanced SA and JA/ET signaling genes. However, silencing of the NtWRKY50 gene had no obvious effects on plant disease resistance, implying functional redundancy of NtWRKY50 with other TFs. In addition, it was found that NtWRKY50 can be induced by various biotic or abiotic stresses, such as Potato virus Y, Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora parasitica, hydrogen peroxide, heat, cold, and wounding as well as the hormones salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET). Importantly, additional analysis suggests that NtWRKY50 overexpression markedly promotes SA levels but prevents pathogen-induced JA production. These data indicate that NtWRKY50 overexpression leads to altered SA and JA content, increased expression of defense-related genes and enhanced plant resistance to R. solanacearum. These probably due to increased activity of endogenous NtWRKY50 gene or could be gain-of-function phenotypes by altering the profile of genes affected by NtWRKY50.
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246
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Cai Y, Tu W, Zu Y, Yan J, Xu Z, Lu J, Zhang Y. Overexpression of a Grapevine Sucrose Transporter (VvSUC27) in Tobacco Improves Plant Growth Rate in the Presence of Sucrose In vitro. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1069. [PMID: 28676814 PMCID: PMC5476780 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The import of sugar from source leaves and it further accumulation in grape berries are considerably high during ripening, and this process is mediated via sucrose transporters. In this study, a grape sucrose transporter (SUT) gene, VvSUC27, located at the plasma membrane, was transferred to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The transformants were more sensitive to sucrose and showed more rapid development, especially roots, when cultured on MS agar medium containing sucrose, considering that the shoot/root dry weight ratio was only half that of the control. Moreover, all transformed plants exhibited light-colored leaves throughout their development, which indicated chlorosis and an associated reduction in photosynthesis. The total sugar content in the roots and stems of transformants was higher than that in control plants. No significant difference was observed in the leaves between the transformants and control plants. The levels of growth-promoting hormones were increased, and those of stress-mediating hormones were reduced in transgenic tobacco plants. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of VvSUC27 was 1,000 times higher than that of the autologous tobacco sucrose transporter, which suggested that the markedly increased growth rate of transformants was because of the heterogeneously expressed gene. The transgenic tobacco plants showed resistance to abiotic stresses. Strikingly, the overexpression of VvSUC27 leaded to the up regulation of most reactive oxygen species scavengers and abscisic acid-related genes that might enable transgenic plants to overcome abiotic stress. Taken together, these results revealed an important role of VvSUC27 in plant growth and response to abiotic stresses, especially in the presence of sucrose in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Cai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Wenrui Tu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yunyun Zu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Zimo Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yali Zhang
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247
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Luptovčiak I, Komis G, Takáč T, Ovečka M, Šamaj J. Katanin: A Sword Cutting Microtubules for Cellular, Developmental, and Physiological Purposes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1982. [PMID: 29209346 PMCID: PMC5702333 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
KATANIN is a well-studied microtubule severing protein affecting microtubule organization and dynamic properties in higher plants. By regulating mitotic and cytokinetic and cortical microtubule arrays it is involved in the progression of cell division and cell division plane orientation. KATANIN is also involved in cell elongation and morphogenesis during plant growth. In this way KATANIN plays critical roles in diverse plant developmental processes including the development of pollen, embryo, seed, meristem, root, hypocotyl, cotyledon, leaf, shoot, and silique. KATANIN-dependent microtubule regulation seems to be under the control of plant hormones. This minireview provides an overview on available KATANIN mutants and discusses advances in our understanding of KATANIN biological roles in plants.
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248
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Zhang S, Huang L, Yan A, Liu Y, Liu B, Yu C, Zhang A, Schiefelbein J, Gan Y. Multiple phytohormones promote root hair elongation by regulating a similar set of genes in the root epidermis in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:6363-6372. [PMID: 27799284 PMCID: PMC5181580 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Multiple phytohormones, including auxin, ethylene, and cytokinin, play vital roles in regulating cell development in the root epidermis. However, their interactions in specific root hair cell developmental stages are largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, we employed genetic and pharmacological approaches as well as transcriptional analysis in order to dissect their distinct and overlapping roles in root hair initiation and elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana Our results show that among auxin, ethylene, and cytokinin, only ethylene induces ectopic root hair cells in wild-type plants, implying a special role of ethylene in the hair initiation stage. In the subsequent elongation stage, however, auxin, ethylene, and cytokinin enhance root hair tip growth equally. Our data also suggest that the effect of cytokinin is independent from auxin and ethylene in this process. Exogenous cytokinin restores root hair elongation when the auxin and ethylene signal is defective, whereas auxin and ethylene also sustain elongation in the absence of the cytokinin signal. Notably, transcriptional analyses demonstrated that auxin, ethylene, and cytokinin regulate a similar set of root hair-specific genes. Together these analyses provide important clues regarding the mechanism of hormonal interactions and regulation in the formation of single-cell structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linli Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - An Yan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bohan Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Yu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aidong Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - John Schiefelbein
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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249
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Waadt R, Hsu PK, Schroeder JI. Abscisic acid and other plant hormones: Methods to visualize distribution and signaling. Bioessays 2016; 37:1338-49. [PMID: 26577078 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201500115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of plant behavior on a cellular scale in a minimal invasive manner is key to understanding plant adaptations to their environment. Plant hormones regulate multiple aspects of growth and development and mediate environmental responses to ensure a successful life cycle. To monitor the dynamics of plant hormone actions in intact tissue, we need qualitative and quantitative tools with high temporal and spatial resolution. Here, we describe a set of biological instruments (reporters) for the analysis of the distribution and signaling of various plant hormones. Furthermore, we provide examples of their utility for gaining novel insights into plant hormone action with a deeper focus on the drought hormone abscisic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Waadt
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Plant Developmental Biology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section and Centre for Food and Fuel for the 21st Century, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Po-Kai Hsu
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section and Centre for Food and Fuel for the 21st Century, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julian I Schroeder
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section and Centre for Food and Fuel for the 21st Century, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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250
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Liao Y, Liu S, Jiang Y, Hu C, Zhang X, Cao X, Xu Z, Gao X, Li L, Zhu J, Chen R. Genome-wide analysis and environmental response profiling of dirigent family genes in rice (Oryza sativa). Genes Genomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-016-0474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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