201
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Regulatory roles of MicroRNA in shaping T cell function, differentiation and polarization. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:34-47. [PMID: 34446356 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocytes are an integral component of adaptive immunity with pleotropic effector functions. Impairment of T cell activity is implicated in various immune pathologies including autoimmune diseases, AIDS, carcinogenesis, and periodontitis. Evidently, T cell differentiation and function are under robust regulation by various endogenous factors that orchestrate underlying molecular pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of noncoding, regulatory RNAs that post-transcriptionally control multiple mRNA targets by sequence-specific interaction. In this article, we will review the recent progress in our understanding of miRNA-gene networks that are uniquely required by specific T cell effector functions and provide miRNA-mediated mechanisms that govern the fate of T cells. A subset of miRNAs may act in a synergistic or antagonistic manner to exert functional suppression of genes and regulate pathways that control T cell activation and differentiation. Significance of T cell-specific miRNAs and their dysregulation in immune-mediated diseases is discussed. Exosome-mediated horizontal transfer of miRNAs from antigen presenting cells (APCs) to T cells and from one T cell to another T cell subset and their impact on recipient cell functions is summarized.
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202
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Moreira TG, Mangani D, Cox LM, Leibowitz J, Lobo ELC, Oliveira MA, Gauthier CD, Nakagaki BN, Willocq V, Song A, Guo L, Lima DCA, Murugaiyan G, Butovsky O, Gabriely G, Anderson AC, Rezende RM, Faria AMC, Weiner HL. PD-L1 + and XCR1 + dendritic cells are region-specific regulators of gut homeostasis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4907. [PMID: 34389726 PMCID: PMC8363668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa constitutes an environment of closely regulated immune cells. Dendritic cells (DC) interact with the gut microbiome and antigens and are important in maintaining gut homeostasis. Here, we investigate DC transcriptome, phenotype and function in five anatomical locations of the gut lamina propria (LP) which constitute different antigenic environments. We show that DC from distinct gut LP compartments induce distinct T cell differentiation and cytokine secretion. We also find that PD-L1+ DC in the duodenal LP and XCR1+ DC in the colonic LP comprise distinct tolerogenic DC subsets that are crucial for gut homeostasis. Mice lacking PD-L1+ and XCR1+ DC have a proinflammatory gut milieu associated with an increase in Th1/Th17 cells and a decrease in Treg cells and have exacerbated disease in the models of 5-FU-induced mucositis and DSS-induced colitis. Our findings identify PD-L1+ and XCR1+ DC as region-specific physiologic regulators of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais G Moreira
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Davide Mangani
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura M Cox
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Leibowitz
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eduardo L C Lobo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariana A Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Christian D Gauthier
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenda N Nakagaki
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valerie Willocq
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anya Song
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lydia Guo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C A Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Galina Gabriely
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rafael M Rezende
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Maria C Faria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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203
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Wagner A, Wang C, Fessler J, DeTomaso D, Avila-Pacheco J, Kaminski J, Zaghouani S, Christian E, Thakore P, Schellhaass B, Akama-Garren E, Pierce K, Singh V, Ron-Harel N, Douglas VP, Bod L, Schnell A, Puleston D, Sobel RA, Haigis M, Pearce EL, Soleimani M, Clish C, Regev A, Kuchroo VK, Yosef N. Metabolic modeling of single Th17 cells reveals regulators of autoimmunity. Cell 2021; 184:4168-4185.e21. [PMID: 34216539 PMCID: PMC8621950 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism is a major regulator of immune cell function, but it remains difficult to study the metabolic status of individual cells. Here, we present Compass, an algorithm to characterize cellular metabolic states based on single-cell RNA sequencing and flux balance analysis. We applied Compass to associate metabolic states with T helper 17 (Th17) functional variability (pathogenic potential) and recovered a metabolic switch between glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, akin to known Th17/regulatory T cell (Treg) differences, which we validated by metabolic assays. Compass also predicted that Th17 pathogenicity was associated with arginine and downstream polyamine metabolism. Indeed, polyamine-related enzyme expression was enhanced in pathogenic Th17 and suppressed in Treg cells. Chemical and genetic perturbation of polyamine metabolism inhibited Th17 cytokines, promoted Foxp3 expression, and remodeled the transcriptome and epigenome of Th17 cells toward a Treg-like state. In vivo perturbations of the polyamine pathway altered the phenotype of encephalitogenic T cells and attenuated tissue inflammation in CNS autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allon Wagner
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Johannes Fessler
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David DeTomaso
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - James Kaminski
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sarah Zaghouani
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Christian
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Brandon Schellhaass
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Elliot Akama-Garren
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kerry Pierce
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Noga Ron-Harel
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Vivian Paraskevi Douglas
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lloyd Bod
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexandra Schnell
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Puleston
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Raymond A Sobel
- Palo Alto Veteran's Administration Health Care System and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marcia Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87121, USA
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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204
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Puleston DJ, Baixauli F, Sanin DE, Edwards-Hicks J, Villa M, Kabat AM, Kamiński MM, Stanckzak M, Weiss HJ, Grzes KM, Piletic K, Field CS, Corrado M, Haessler F, Wang C, Musa Y, Schimmelpfennig L, Flachsmann L, Mittler G, Yosef N, Kuchroo VK, Buescher JM, Balabanov S, Pearce EJ, Green DR, Pearce EL. Polyamine metabolism is a central determinant of helper T cell lineage fidelity. Cell 2021; 184:4186-4202.e20. [PMID: 34216540 PMCID: PMC8358979 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyamine synthesis represents one of the most profound metabolic changes during T cell activation, but the biological implications of this are scarcely known. Here, we show that polyamine metabolism is a fundamental process governing the ability of CD4+ helper T cells (TH) to polarize into different functional fates. Deficiency in ornithine decarboxylase, a crucial enzyme for polyamine synthesis, results in a severe failure of CD4+ T cells to adopt correct subset specification, underscored by ectopic expression of multiple cytokines and lineage-defining transcription factors across TH cell subsets. Polyamines control TH differentiation by providing substrates for deoxyhypusine synthase, which synthesizes the amino acid hypusine, and mice in which T cells are deficient for hypusine develop severe intestinal inflammatory disease. Polyamine-hypusine deficiency caused widespread epigenetic remodeling driven by alterations in histone acetylation and a re-wired tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Thus, polyamine metabolism is critical for maintaining the epigenome to focus TH cell subset fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Puleston
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Francesc Baixauli
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David E Sanin
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joy Edwards-Hicks
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matteo Villa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Agnieszka M Kabat
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcin M Kamiński
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Michal Stanckzak
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hauke J Weiss
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Grzes
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klara Piletic
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cameron S Field
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Haessler
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chao Wang
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yaarub Musa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Lea Flachsmann
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Mittler
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joerg M Buescher
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Balabanov
- Division of Haematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; The Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; The Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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205
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Exploring the Pathogenic Role and Therapeutic Implications of Interleukin 2 in Autoimmune Hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:2493-2512. [PMID: 32833154 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 2 is essential for the expansion of regulatory T cells, and low-dose recombinant interleukin 2 has improved the clinical manifestations of diverse autoimmune diseases in preliminary studies. The goals of this review are to describe the actions of interleukin 2 and its receptor, present preliminary experiences with low-dose interleukin 2 in the treatment of diverse autoimmune diseases, and evaluate its potential as a therapeutic intervention in autoimmune hepatitis. English abstracts were identified in PubMed by multiple search terms. Full-length articles were selected for review, and secondary and tertiary bibliographies were developed. Interleukin 2 is critical for the thymic selection, peripheral expansion, induction, and survival of regulatory T cells, and it is also a growth factor for activated T cells and natural killer cells. Interleukin 2 activates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 after binding with its trimeric receptor on regulatory T cells. Immune suppressor activity is increased; anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 is released; pro-inflammatory interferon-gamma is inhibited; and activation-induced apoptosis of CD8+ T cells is upregulated. Preliminary experiences with cyclic injections of low-dose recombinant interleukin 2 in diverse autoimmune diseases have demonstrated increased numbers of circulating regulatory T cells, preserved regulatory function, improved clinical manifestations, and excellent tolerance. Similar improvements have been recognized in one of two patients with refractory autoimmune hepatitis. In conclusion, interferon 2 has biological actions that favor the immune suppressor functions of regulatory T cells, and low-dose regimens in preliminary studies encourage its rigorous investigation in autoimmune hepatitis.
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206
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Regulation of autoreactive CD4 T cells by FoxO1 signaling in CNS autoimmunity. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 359:577675. [PMID: 34403862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Myelin-specific CD4 T effector cells (Teffs), Th1 and Th17 cells, are encephalitogenic in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-defined murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS) and implicated in MS pathogenesis. Forkhead box O 1 (FoxO1) is a conserved effector molecule in PI3K/Akt signaling and critical in the differentiation of CD4 T cells into T helper subsets. However, it is unclear whether FoxO1 may be a target for redirecting CD4 T cell differentiation and benefit CNS autoimmunity. Using a selective FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856, we show that inhibition of FoxO1 suppressed the differentiation and expansion of Th1 cells. The transdifferentiation of Th17 cells into encephalitogenic Th1-like cells was suppressed by FoxO1 inhibition upon reactivation of myelin-specific CD4 T cells from EAE mice. The transcriptional balance skewed from the Th1 transcription factor T-bet toward the Treg transcription factor Foxp3. Myelin-specific CD4 T cells treated with the FoxO1 inhibitor were less encephalitogenic in adoptive transfer EAE studies. Inhibition of FoxO1 in T cells from MS patients significantly suppressed the expansion of Th1 cells. Furthermore, FoxO1 inhibition with AS1842856 promoted the development of functional iTreg cells. The immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)-induced Foxp3 expression in CD4 T cells was impaired by FoxO1 inhibition. These data illustrate an important role of FoxO1 signaling in CNS autoimmunity via regulating autoreactive Teff and Treg balance.
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207
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Rae J, Hackney J, Huang K, Keir M, Herman A. Identification of an IL-22-Dependent Gene Signature as a Pharmacodynamic Biomarker. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8205. [PMID: 34360971 PMCID: PMC8347589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) plays a role in epithelial barrier function and repair, and may provide benefits in conditions like inflammatory bowel disease. However, limited human data are available to assess the clinical effect of IL-22 administration. This study used a human intestinal cell line to identify an IL-22-dependent gene signature that could serve as a pharmacodynamic biomarker for IL-22 therapy. The response to IL-22Fc (UTTR1147A, an Fc-stabilized version of IL-22) was assessed in HT-29 cells by microarray, and the selected responsive genes were confirmed by qPCR. HT-29 cells demonstrated dose-dependent increases in STAT3 phosphorylation and multiple gene expression changes in response to UTTR1147A. Genes were selected that were upregulated by UTTR1147A, but to a lesser extent by IL-6, which also signals via STAT3. IL-1R1 was highly upregulated by UTTR1147A, and differential gene expression patterns were observed in response to IL-22Fc in the presence of IL-1β. An IL-22-dependent gene signature was identified that could serve as a pharmacodynamic biomarker in intestinal biopsies to support the clinical development of an IL-22 therapeutic. The differential gene expression pattern in the presence of IL-1β suggests that an inflammatory cytokine milieu in the disease setting could influence the clinical responses to IL-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rae
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Jason Hackney
- Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (J.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Kevin Huang
- Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (J.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Mary Keir
- OMNI Biomarker Discovery, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Ann Herman
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
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208
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Korn T, Hiltensperger M. Role of IL-6 in the commitment of T cell subsets. Cytokine 2021; 146:155654. [PMID: 34325116 PMCID: PMC8375581 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
IL-6 is a non-redundant differentiation factor for Th17 cells and Tfh cells. The induction of ROR-γt+ Treg cells in the lamina propria depends on IL-6. Generation of distinct T helper cell subsets might depend on different IL-6 signaling modalities. IL-6-directed therapies must consider the disease-relevant IL-6 signaling modality.
IL-6 gained much attention with the discovery that this cytokine is a non-redundant differentiation factor for Th17 cells and T follicular helper cells. Adaptive immune responses to fungi and extracellular bacteria are impaired in the absence of IL-6. IL-6 is also required for the induction of ROR-γt+ Treg cells, which are gatekeepers of homeostasis in the gut lamina propria in the presence of commensal bacteria. Conversely, severe immunopathology in T cell-mediated autoimmunity is mediated by Th17 cells that rely on IL-6 for their generation and maintenance. Recently, it has been discovered that the differentiation of these distinct T helper cell subsets may be linked to distinct signaling modalities of IL-6. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the mode of action of IL-6 in the differentiation and maintenance of T cell subsets and propose that a context-dependent understanding of the impact of IL-6 on T cell subsets might inform rational IL-6-directed interventions in autoimmunity and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Michael Hiltensperger
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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209
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Swedik S, Madola A, Levine A. IL-17C in human mucosal immunity: More than just a middle child. Cytokine 2021; 146:155641. [PMID: 34293699 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-17C (IL-17C) is an understudied member of the IL-17 family of cytokines. Its synthesis is induced by both cytokines and pathogenic stimuli in a variety of cell types, most often expressed at mucosal and barrier surfaces. IL-17C expression is dysregulated in a variety of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, yet it is protective against bacterial infections of the gut, skin, and lungs. In this review we highlight studies on IL-17C regulation and its function at human mucosal surfaces. Understanding the relationship between IL-17C and autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases of the mucosa and defining the beneficial and pathogenic functions of the cytokine in inflammatory responses are the first steps in determining the potential for IL-17C as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Swedik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Abson Madola
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Alan Levine
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States; Departments of Pathology, Pharmacology, Medicine, and Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States.
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210
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Su R, Wang Y, Hu F, Li B, Guo Q, Zheng X, Liu Y, Gao C, Li X, Wang C. Altered Distribution of Circulating T Follicular Helper-Like Cell Subsets in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:690100. [PMID: 34350197 PMCID: PMC8326448 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.690100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recent studies on follicular regulatory T (Tfr) and follicular helper T (Tfh) cells suggest that they may participate in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we examine Tfr-like and Tfh-like cells and their subsets in RA and assess the correlations between these subsets with B cells and cytokines related to the pathogenesis of RA and their clinical significance. Methods: The study population consisted of 18 healthy controls and 47 RA patients (17 new onset, 57.00 ± 11.73 years; 30 treated RA patients, 57.56 ± 1.97 years). Disease activity scores in 28 joints were calculated. The positive rates of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) were 82.9 and 89.4%, respectively. Cell subsets were analyzed using flow cytometry, and serum cytokine levels were measured using cytometric bead array. Results: Tfh-like and PD-1+ Tfh-like cells were elevated, and the distribution of Tfh-like cell subsets was altered with increased Tfh17-like and Tfh1/17-like cells in RA patients. The receiver operating characteristics curves for Tfh-like, Tfh17-like, Tfh1/17-like, and PD-1+ Tfh-like cells indicate improved RA diagnostic potential. RA patients had decreased regulatory T (Treg), Tfr-like, and memory Tfr-like (mTfr-like) cells and increased Tfh-like/Treg, Tfh-like/Tfr-like, and Tfh-like/mTfr-like cell ratios. Tfh-like cells and their subsets, including Tfh1-like, Tfh2-like, Tfh1/17-like, and PD-1+ Tfh-like cells, were positively correlated with B cells. Tfh-like/Treg, Tfh-like/Tfr-like, and Tfh-like/mTfr-like cell ratios were positively correlated with B cells in new-onset RA. Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-17, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α were positively correlated with Tfr-like and mTfr-like cells. IL-2 and IL-10 were positively correlated with Tfh-like and Tfh2-like cells. IL-4 was positively correlated with Tfh-like cells. Conclusions: Tfh-like and PD-1+ Tfh-like cells are increased, whereas Treg, Tfr-like, and mTfr-like cells are decreased in RA, leading to an imbalance in Tfh-like/Treg, Tfh-like/Tfr-like, and Tfh-like/mTfr-like cell ratios. Tfh-like cells and a portion of their subsets as well as Tfh-like/Treg, Tfh-like/Tfr-like, and Tfh-like/mTfr-like cell ratios are closely related to B cells. Dysfunction of cell subsets leads to abnormal levels of cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of RA. The altered distributions of Tfh-like cell subsets, especially Tfh1/17-like cells, represent potential therapeutic targets for treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Su
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fangyuan Hu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baochen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiaoling Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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211
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Li P, Guo Z, Wan YY. SKI Expression Suppresses Pathogenic Th17 Cell Response and Mitigates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:707899. [PMID: 34335622 PMCID: PMC8321777 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.707899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Th17 cells are critically involved in many autoimmune diseases, while non-pathogenic Th17 cells are more immune regulatory. Understanding the mechanisms of the induction and maintenance of pathogenic Th17 cells will benefit the development of therapeutic treatments of related diseases. We have shown that the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) induced SKI degradation and dissociation from Smad4 complex is a prerequisite for TGFβ-induced Th17 cell differentiation. However, it is unclear whether and how SKI regulates pathogenic Th17 differentiation, which does not require TGFβ cytokine. Here we showed that SKI expression was downregulated during pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation and the ectopic expression of SKI abrogated the differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells. Functionally, using a knock-in mouse model, we found ectopic SKI expression specifically in T cells prevented myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG33-55) induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of human multiple sclerosis. We further revealed that induced SKI expression in already differentiated pathogenic Th17 cells reduced the maintenance of Th17 program and ameliorated EAE in an adoptive T cell transfer model. Therefore, our study provides valuable insights of targeting SKI to modulate pathogenic Th17 cell function and treat Th17-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zengli Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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212
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Pollara G, Turner CT, Rosenheim J, Chandran A, Bell LCK, Khan A, Patel A, Peralta LF, Folino A, Akarca A, Venturini C, Baker T, Ecker S, Ricciardolo FLM, Marafioti T, Ugarte-Gil C, Moore DAJ, Chain BM, Tomlinson GS, Noursadeghi M. Exaggerated IL-17A activity in human in vivo recall responses discriminates active tuberculosis from latent infection and cured disease. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/592/eabg7673. [PMID: 33952677 PMCID: PMC7610803 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg7673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Host immune responses at the site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection can mediate pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) and onward transmission of infection. We hypothesized that pathological immune responses would be enriched at the site of host-pathogen interactions modelled by a standardized tuberculin skin test (TST) challenge in patients with active TB compared to those without disease, and interrogated immune responses by genome-wide transcriptional profiling. We show exaggerated interleukin (IL)-17A and Th17 responses among 48 individuals with active TB compared to 191 with latent TB infection, associated with increased neutrophil recruitment and matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression, both involved in TB pathogenesis. Curative antimicrobial treatment reversed these observed changes. Increased IL-1β and IL-6 responses to mycobacterial stimulation were evident in both circulating monocytes and in molecular changes at the site of TST in individuals with active TB, supporting a model in which monocyte-derived IL-1β and IL-6 promote Th17 differentiation within tissues. Modulation of these cytokine pathways may provide a rational strategy for host-directed therapy in active TB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Folino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cesar Ugarte-Gil
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,TB Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - David A J Moore
- TB Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Laboratorio de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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213
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Diversity of T Helper and Regulatory T Cells and Their Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Allergic Diseases. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 268:265-296. [PMID: 34247282 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
T helper (Th) and regulatory T (Treg) cells represent important effectors of adaptive immunity. They mediate communication between the immune system and tissue sites and thereby coordinate effective defense against environmental threats or maintain tolerance, respectively. Since the discovery of two prototypic T helper cells, Th1 and Th2, additional phenotypic and functional distinct subsets have been described ranging from Th17, Th22, Th9, and T follicular helper cells. The same holds true for regulatory T cells that represent a family with functionally distinct subsets characterized by co-expression of the transcription factors T-bet, Gata3, or RORγt. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on differentiation and function of T helper and regulatory T cell subsets and discuss their lineage stability versus plasticity towards other subsets. In addition, we highlight the direct and indirect contribution of each subset to the pathology of allergies and indicate novel therapies for specific targeting the effector functions of T helper and regulatory T cells.
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214
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Marks KE, Flaherty S, Patterson KM, Stratton M, Martinez GJ, Reynolds JM. Toll-like receptor 2 induces pathogenicity in Th17 cells and reveals a role for IPCEF in regulating Th17 cell migration. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109303. [PMID: 34192530 PMCID: PMC8270556 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Th17 cells drive inflammation in autoimmune disease, yet the molecular programming underlying Th17 cell pathogenicity remains insufficiently understood. Activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) increases Th17 cell inflammatory potential, but little is known regarding the mechanistic outcomes of TLR2 signaling in Th17 cells. Here, we demonstrate that TLR2 is comparable to IL-23 in inducing pathogenicity and increasing the migratory capacity of Th17 cells. We perform RNA sequencing of Th17 cells stimulated though the TLR2 pathway and find differential expression of several genes linked with the Th17 genetic program as well as genes not previously associated with pathogenic Th17 cells, including Ipcef1. Enforced expression of Ipcef1 in Th17 cells abolishes the TLR2-dependent increases in migratory capacity and severely impairs the ability of Th17 cells to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This study establishes the importance of the TLR2 signaling pathway in inducing Th17 cell pathogenicity and driving autoimmune inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryne E Marks
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie Flaherty
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kristen M Patterson
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew Stratton
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gustavo J Martinez
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph M Reynolds
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA; Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA.
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215
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Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation and Treg/Th17 Imbalance in the Impaired Glucose Metabolism of Children with Obesity. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8070554. [PMID: 34199040 PMCID: PMC8305706 DOI: 10.3390/children8070554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, obesity has increased dramatically in pediatric patients. Obesity is a chronic disease correlated with systemic inflammation, characterized by the presence of CD4 and CD8 T cell infiltration and modified immune response, which contributes to the development of obesity related diseases and metabolic disorders, including impaired glucose metabolism. In particular, Treg and Th17 cells are dynamically balanced under healthy conditions, but imbalance occurs in inflammatory and pathological states, such as obesity. Some studies demonstrated that peripheral Treg and Th17 cells exhibit increased imbalance with worsening of glucose metabolic dysfunction, already in children with obesity. In this review, we considered the role of adipose tissue immunomodulation and the potential role played by Treg/T17 imbalance on the impaired glucose metabolism in pediatric obesity. In the patient care, immune monitoring could play an important role to define preventive strategies of pediatric metabolic disease treatments.
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216
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Zhang J, Bouch RJ, Blekhman MG, He Z. USP19 Suppresses Th17-Driven Pathogenesis in Autoimmunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:23-33. [PMID: 34135062 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cells have emerged as a chief pathogenic cell type in murine models of autoimmunity and human autoimmune diseases. Th17 cells are markedly plastic in their pathogenic potential, as they can adopt pro- or anti-inflammatory programming under distinct conditions. The specific mechanism underlying the plasticity of Th17 pathogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we found that Th17 lineage-specific transcription factor RORγt directly bound to the promoters of genes engaged in the ubiquitination pathway and thus upregulated their expression in pathogenic Th17 cells. We observed that ubiquitination activity correlated with Th17-related pathology in the context of autoimmunity. Consistent with this finding, the deubiquitinase USP19 was shown to suppress pathogenic Th17 differentiation in vitro and Th17-mediated pathogenesis in vivo. Mechanistically, USP19 removed the K63-linked ubiquitin chain from RORγt lysine 313, which is essential for recruiting the coactivator SRC3. Collectively, our findings indicate that USP19 selectively suppresses the pathogenic potential of Th17 cells and offer novel strategies for treating autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; and
| | - Ronald J Bouch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; and
| | | | - Zhiheng He
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; and
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217
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Lee JK, Koo SY, Nam HM, Lee JB, Ko J, Kim KM, Park EJ, Kim TJ, Lee H, Go H, Lee CW. Ssu72 is a T-cell receptor-responsive modifier that is indispensable for regulatory T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1395-1411. [PMID: 33850312 PMCID: PMC8166877 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeostatic balance between effector T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) is crucial for adaptive immunity; however, epigenetic programs that inhibit phosphorylation to regulate Treg development, peripheral expression, and suppressive activity are elusive. Here, we found that the Ssu72 phosphatase is activated by various T-cell receptor signaling pathways, including the T-cell receptor and IL-2R pathways, and localizes at the cell membrane. Deletion of Ssu72 in T cells disrupts CD4+ T-cell differentiation into Tregs in the periphery via the production of high levels of the effector cytokines IL-2 and IFNγ, which induce CD4+ T-cell activation and differentiation into effector cell lineages. We also found a close correlation between downregulation of Ssu72 and severe defects in mucosal tolerance in patients. Interestingly, Ssu72 forms a complex with PLCγ1, which is an essential effector molecule for T-cell receptor signaling as well as Treg development and function. Ssu72 deficiency impairs PLCγ1 downstream signaling and results in failure of Foxp3 induction. Thus, our studies show that the Ssu72-mediated cytokine response coordinates the differentiation and function of Treg cells in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kwan Lee
- Research Institute, Curogen Technology, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Young Koo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Nam
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- MOGAM Institute for Biomedical Research, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Jee-Boong Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Ko
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Mo Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Park
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Immunology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
| | - Heounjeong Go
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Chang-Woo Lee
- Research Institute, Curogen Technology, Suwon, South Korea.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
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218
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Fisher C, Ciurtin C, Leandro M, Sen D, Wedderburn LR. Similarities and Differences Between Juvenile and Adult Spondyloarthropathies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:681621. [PMID: 34136509 PMCID: PMC8200411 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.681621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses a broad spectrum of conditions occurring from childhood to middle age. Key features of SpA include axial and peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, extra-articular manifestations, and a strong association with HLA-B27. These features are common across the ages but there are important differences between juvenile and adult onset disease. Juvenile SpA predominantly affects the peripheral joints and the incidence of axial arthritis increases with age. Enthesitis is important in early disease. This review article highlights the similarities and differences between juvenile and adult SpA including classification, pathogenesis, clinical features, imaging, therapeutic strategies, and disease outcomes. In addition, the impact of the biological transition from childhood to adulthood is explored including the importance of musculoskeletal and immunological maturation. We discuss how the changes associated with adolescence may be important in explaining age-related differences in the clinical phenotype between juvenile and adult SpA and their implications for the treatment of juvenile SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Fisher
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology (Bloomsbury), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Leandro
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology (Bloomsbury), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debajit Sen
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy R Wedderburn
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London, University College London Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.,Infection, Immunity & Inflammation Teaching and Research Department University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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219
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A critical role for Th17 cell-derived TGF-β1 in regulating the stability and pathogenicity of autoimmune Th17 cells. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:993-1004. [PMID: 34050263 PMCID: PMC8178381 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00632-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic conversion of Th17 cells into multifunctional helper T cells or Th1 cells contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases; however, the mechanism regulating the plasticity of Th17 cells remains unclear. Here, we found that Th17 cells expressed latent TGF-β1 in a manner dependent on autocrine TGF-β1. By employing IL-17-producing cell-specific Tgfb1 conditional knockout and fate-mapping systems, we demonstrated that TGF-β1-deficient Th17 cells are relatively susceptible to becoming IFN-γ producers through IL-12Rβ2 and IL-27Rα upregulation. TGF-β1-deficient Th17 cells exacerbated tissue inflammation compared to TGF-β1-sufficient Th17 cells in adoptive transfer models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and colitis. Thus, TGF-β1 production by Th17 cells provides an essential autocrine signal for maintaining the stability and regulating the pathogenicity of Th17 cells in vivo.
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220
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Chalan P, Thomas N, Caturegli P. Th17 Cells Contribute to the Pathology of Autoimmune Hypophysitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2536-2543. [PMID: 34011522 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune hypophysitis is classified as primary if its origin is idiopathic and secondary if it develops as a consequence of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Expanding use of immunotherapy has been paralleled by the increasing hypophysitis prevalence. However, understanding of the immune responses driving the disease remains limited. Using a mouse model of primary hypophysitis, we have identified CD4+ T lymphocytes to be the main pituitary-infiltrating immune cell population. Functional analysis showed that they display a Th17 and Th1/Th17 phenotype. To examine involvement of proinflammatory Th1, Th17, and Th1/17 subsets in hypophysitis, we have isolated RNA from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pituitary specimens from 16 hypophysitis patients (three of whom had hypophysitis secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors), 10 patients with adenoma, and 23 normal pituitaries obtained at autopsy. Transcript levels of IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, CD4, CD8α, and class II MHC transactivator were analyzed by the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Pituitary glands of patients with hypophysitis showed significantly higher IL-17A, CD4, and class II MHC transactivator mRNA levels compared with adenoma and normal pituitaries. All three secondary hypophysitis patients showed detectable IL-17A levels, but other cytokines were not detected in their pituitaries. Levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β did not differ between the groups. TGF-β transcript was found in significantly fewer hypophysitis pituitaries (2 out of 16) compared with adenoma (7 out of 10) and normal pituitaries (11 out of 23). Presence of TGF-β in two hypophysitis patients was associated with significantly lower IL-17A mRNA levels compared with hypophysitis patients with no detectable TGF-β (p = 0.03).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Chalan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nithya Thomas
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Patrizio Caturegli
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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221
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The Adjuvants Polyphosphazene (PCEP) and a Combination of Curdlan Plus Leptin Promote a Th17-Type Immune Response to an Intramuscular Vaccine in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050507. [PMID: 34069081 PMCID: PMC8156850 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to determine whether polyphosphazene (PCEP), Curdlan (β-glucan, a dectin-1 agonist), and Leptin could act as adjuvants to promote a Th17-type adaptive immune response in mice. Mice were vaccinated via the intramuscular route then boosted three weeks later with Ovalbumin plus: PCEP, Leptin, Curdlan, PCEP+Curdlan, Curdlan+Leptin, or saline. Mice vaccinated with OVA+PCEP and OVA+Curdlan+Leptin showed significantly higher frequency of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells secreting IL-17 relative to OVA-vaccinated mice. No formulation increased the frequency of CD4+ T cells secreting IL-4 or IFNγ. Since activation of innate immunity precedes the development of adaptive immunity, we wished to establish whether induction of Th17-type immunity could be predicted from in vitro experiments and/or from the local cytokine environment after immunization with adjuvants alone. Elevated IL-6 and TGFβ with reduced secretion of IL-12 is a cytokine milieu known to promote differentiation of Th17-type immunity. We injected the immunostimulants or saline buffer into murine thigh muscles and measured acute local cytokine production. PCEP induced significant production of IL-6 and reduced IL-12 production in muscle but it did not lead to elevated TGFβ production. Curdlan+Leptin injected into muscle induced significant production of TGFβ and IL-17 but not IL-6 or IL-12. We also stimulated splenocytes with media or PCEP, Leptin, Curdlan, PCEP+Curdlan, Curdlan+Leptin, PCEP+Leptin, and PCEP+Curdlan+Leptin and measured cytokine production. PCEP stimulation of splenocytes failed to induce significant production of IL-6, IL-12, TGFβ, or IL-17 and therefore ex vivo splenocyte stimulation failed to predict the increased frequency of Th17-type T cells in response to the vaccine. Curdlan-stimulated splenocytes produced Th1-type, inducing cytokine, IL-12. Curdlan+/-PCEP stimulated TGF-β production and Curdlan+Leptin+/- PCEP induced secretion of IL-17. We conclude that PCEP as well as Curdlan+Leptin are Th17-type vaccine adjuvants in mice but that cytokines produced in response to these adjuvants in muscle after injection or in ex vivo cultured splenocytes did not predict their role as a Th17-type adjuvant. Together, these data suggest that the cytokine environments induced by these immunostimulants did not predict induction of an antigen-specific Th17-type adaptive immune response. This is the first report of these adjuvants inducing a Th17-type adaptive immune response.
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Paiva IA, Badolato-Corrêa J, Familiar-Macedo D, de-Oliveira-Pinto LM. Th17 Cells in Viral Infections-Friend or Foe? Cells 2021; 10:cells10051159. [PMID: 34064728 PMCID: PMC8151546 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells are recognized as indispensable in inducing protective immunity against bacteria and fungi, as they promote the integrity of mucosal epithelial barriers. It is believed that Th17 cells also play a central role in the induction of autoimmune diseases. Recent advances have evaluated Th17 effector functions during viral infections, including their critical role in the production and induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and in the recruitment and activation of other immune cells. Thus, Th17 is involved in the induction both of pathogenicity and immunoprotective mechanisms seen in the host's immune response against viruses. However, certain Th17 cells can also modulate immune responses, since they can secrete immunosuppressive factors, such as IL-10; these cells are called non-pathogenic Th17 cells. Here, we present a brief review of Th17 cells and highlight their involvement in some virus infections. We cover these notions by highlighting the role of Th17 cells in regulating the protective and pathogenic immune response in the context of viral infections. In addition, we will be describing myocarditis and multiple sclerosis as examples of immune diseases triggered by viral infections, in which we will discuss further the roles of Th17 cells in the induction of tissue damage.
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223
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Łukasik Z, Gracey E, Venken K, Ritchlin C, Elewaut D. Crossing the boundaries: IL-23 and its role in linking inflammation of the skin, gut and joints. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:iv16-iv27. [PMID: 33961030 PMCID: PMC8527243 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence point towards the central role of IL-23 as a crucial inflammatory mediator in the pathogenesis of SpA—a group of inflammatory arthritic diseases whose symptoms span the skin, gastrointestinal tract and joints. While therapeutic blockade of IL-23 proved successful in the treatment of IBD, psoriatic skin disease and peripheral SpA, it failed in patients suffering from SpA with predominantly axial involvement. Here we review state-of-the-art discoveries on IL-23 signalling pathways across target tissues involved in SpA. We discuss the discrepancies in resident IL-23–responding cells and their downstream activities across skin, gut and joint that shape the unique immunological landscape of SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Łukasik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, UZ Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Eric Gracey
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, UZ Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Koen Venken
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, UZ Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Christopher Ritchlin
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, UZ Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Belgium.,Ghent Gut Inflammation Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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224
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Capone A, Naro C, Bianco M, De Bardi M, Noël F, Macchi P, Battistini L, Soumelis V, Volpe E, Sette C. Systems analysis of human T helper17 cell differentiation uncovers distinct time-regulated transcriptional modules. iScience 2021; 24:102492. [PMID: 34036250 PMCID: PMC8138776 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper (Th) 17 cells protect from infections and are pathogenic in autoimmunity. While human Th17 cell differentiation has been defined, the global and stepwise transcriptional changes accompanying this process remain uncharacterized. Herein, by performing transcriptome analysis of human Th17 cells, we uncovered three time-regulated modules: early, involving exclusively “signaling pathways” genes; late, characterized by response to infections; and persistent, involving effector immune functions. To assign them an inflammatory or regulatory potential, we compared Th17 cells differentiated in presence or absence of interleukin (IL)-1β, respectively. Most inflammatory genes belong to the persistent module, whereas regulatory genes are lately or persistently induced. Among inflammatory genes, we identified the effector molecules IL17A, IL17F, IL26, IL6, interferon (IFN)G, IFNK, LTA, IL1A, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A and the transcriptional regulators homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX) and sex-determining-region-Y-box (SOX)2, whose expression was independently validated. This study provides an integrative representation of the stepwise human Th17 differentiation program and offers new perspectives toward therapeutic targeting of Th17-related autoimmune diseases. Human Th17 cells are driven by early, late, and persistent transcriptional modules. Human Th17 cells express IL17A, IL17F, IL26, IL6, IFNG, IFNK, LTA, IL1A, and PDGFA. RORC regulates the IL17A, IL17F, IFNG, PDGFA, and IL1A expression in human Th17 cells. HOPX and SOX2 contribute to the expression of IFNG by human Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Capone
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Naro
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Bianco
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Bardi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Floriane Noël
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Histocompatibilité, AP-HP, Hôpital St Louis, Paris, France
- HIPI Unit, Inserm U976, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Macchi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Battistini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Histocompatibilité, AP-HP, Hôpital St Louis, Paris, France
- HIPI Unit, Inserm U976, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elisabetta Volpe
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Corresponding author
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Neuroembriology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Corresponding author
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225
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The Roles of IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 in the Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastrointestinal Inflammation: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13050315. [PMID: 33924897 PMCID: PMC8147029 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although millions of people have been infected by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), only a small proportion of infected individuals will develop adverse outcomes, ranging from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer. Advanced development of the disease has been well-linked with chronic inflammation, which is significantly impacted by the adaptive and humoral immunity response. From the perspective of cellular immunity, this review aims to clarify the intricate axis between IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 in H. pylori-related diseases and the pathogenesis of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. CD4+ helper T (Th)-17 cells, with the hallmark pleiotropic cytokine IL-17, can affect antimicrobial activity and the pathogenic immune response in the gut environment. These circumstances cannot be separated, as the existence of affiliated cytokines, including IL-21 and IL-23, help maintain Th17 and accommodate humoral immune cells. Comprehensive understanding of the dynamic interaction between molecular host responses in H. pylori-related diseases and the inflammation process may facilitate further development of immune-based therapy.
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226
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Bernardi C, Maurer G, Ye T, Marchal P, Jost B, Wissler M, Maurer U, Kastner P, Chan S, Charvet C. CD4 + T cells require Ikaros to inhibit their differentiation toward a pathogenic cell fate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023172118. [PMID: 33893236 PMCID: PMC8092604 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023172118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), by pathogenic CD4+ T cells is central for mediating tissue injury in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the factors regulating the T cell pathogenic gene expression program remain unclear. Here, we investigated how the Ikaros transcription factor regulates the global gene expression and chromatin accessibility changes in murine T cells during Th17 polarization and after activation via the T cell receptor (TCR) and CD28. We found that, in both conditions, Ikaros represses the expression of genes from the pathogenic signature, particularly Csf2, which encodes GM-CSF. We show that, in TCR/CD28-activated T cells, Ikaros binds a critical enhancer downstream of Csf2 and is required to regulate chromatin accessibility at multiple regions across this locus. Genome-wide Ikaros binding is associated with more compact chromatin, notably at multiple sites containing NFκB or STAT5 target motifs, and STAT5 or NFκB inhibition prevents GM-CSF production in Ikaros-deficient cells. Importantly, Ikaros also limits GM-CSF production in TCR/CD28-activated human T cells. Our data therefore highlight a critical conserved transcriptional mechanism that antagonizes GM-CSF expression in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bernardi
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gaëtan Maurer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Tao Ye
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Plateforme GenomEast, Infrastructure France Génomique, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Patricia Marchal
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Jost
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Plateforme GenomEast, Infrastructure France Génomique, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Manuela Wissler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Maurer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Kastner
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France;
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Susan Chan
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France;
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Charvet
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France;
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Xing C, Wang M, Ajibade AA, Tan P, Fu C, Chen L, Zhu M, Hao ZZ, Chu J, Yu X, Yin B, Zhu J, Shen WJ, Duan T, Wang HY, Wang RF. Microbiota regulate innate immune signaling and protective immunity against cancer. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:959-974.e7. [PMID: 33894128 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microbiota play critical roles in regulating colitis and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is unclear how the microbiota generate protective immunity against these disease states. Here, we find that loss of the innate and adaptive immune signaling molecule, TAK1, in myeloid cells (Tak1ΔM/ΔM) yields complete resistance to chemical-induced colitis and CRC through microbiome alterations that drive protective immunity. Tak1ΔM/ΔM mice exhibit altered microbiota that are critical for resistance, with antibiotic-mediated disruption ablating protection and Tak1ΔM/ΔM microbiota transfer conferring protection against colitis or CRC. The altered microbiota of Tak1ΔM/ΔM mice promote IL-1β and IL-6 signaling pathways, which are required for induction of protective intestinal Th17 cells and resistance. Specifically, Odoribacter splanchnicus is abundant in Tak1ΔM/ΔM mice and sufficient to induce intestinal Th17 cell development and confer resistance against colitis and CRC in wild-type mice. These findings identify specific microbiota strains and immune mechanisms that protect against colitis and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Xing
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mingjun Wang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adebusola A Ajibade
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peng Tan
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chuntang Fu
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lang Chen
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Motao Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhao-Zhe Hao
- Jan and Dan Duncan Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junjun Chu
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiao Yu
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bingnan Yin
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiahui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, South East University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Wan-Jou Shen
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tianhao Duan
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Helen Y Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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228
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Landeck L, Sabat R, Ghoreschi K, Man XY, Fuhrmeister K, Gonzalez-Martinez E, Asadullah K. Immunotherapy in psoriasis. Immunotherapy 2021; 13:605-619. [PMID: 33820446 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, significant progress has been achieved in the treatment of psoriasis by targeting the human cytokine network. At present, 11 biologicals - antibodies, and a soluble receptor - are used to neutralize key inflammatory cytokines. Based on their targets, they can be grouped into the following four classes: TNF-α-, IL-12/23-, IL-17- and IL-23-inhibitors. The range of available substances, as well as their different modes of action can be challenging when selecting the right drug for an individual patient. In this article, we provide an overview of the approved biologicals for the treatment of psoriasis, including their advantages and limitations, and summarize criteria for therapy selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Landeck
- Department of Dermatology, Ernst von Bergmann General Hospital, Potsdam 14467, Germany
| | - Robert Sabat
- Psoriasis Research & Treatment Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiao-Yong Man
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | - Khusru Asadullah
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Practice for Dermatology & Immunology, Potsdam, Germany
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229
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Ma Z, Xu G, Shen Y, Hu S, Lin X, Zhou J, Zhao W, Liu J, Wang J, Guo J. Schisandrin B-mediated TH17 cell differentiation attenuates bowel inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105459. [PMID: 33545313 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Schisandrin B (Sch B) is the major active constituent of the traditional Chinese medicine Schisandra chinensis and has anti-inflammatory activity, but the target of Sch B remains unclear. T helper 17 (TH17) cells have been involved in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we showed that Sch B could decrease IL-17A production of CD4+ T cells by targeting STAT3 in vitro. Importantly, Sch B has therapeutic effects on DSS-induced acute and chronic colitis, CD4+CD45RBhigh T cell-induced colitis. Furthermore, we identified TH17 cells as the direct target of Sch B for mediating its anti-inflammatory activity. Sch B could serve as a lead for developing new therapeutics against TH17 cells or IL-17A cytokine-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xu
- The 4th Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311053, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shufang Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jiaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Cancer Centre, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Jufeng Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China.
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230
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Papadopoulou G, Xanthou G. Metabolic rewiring: a new master of Th17 cell plasticity and heterogeneity. FEBS J 2021; 289:2448-2466. [PMID: 33794075 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
T helper type 17 (Th17) cells are characterized by inherent plasticity and heterogeneity displaying both pathogenic and tissue-protective functions. Emerging evidence has illuminated a pivotal role for metabolic reprogramming in shaping Th17 cell fate determination. Metabolic responses are regulated by a constellation of factors and environmental triggers, including cytokines, nutrients, oxygen levels, and metabolites. Dysregulation of metabolic pathways not only influences Th17 cell plasticity and effector function but also affects the outcome of Th17-linked autoimmune, inflammatory, and antitumor responses. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning metabolic reprogramming can allow the enhancement of protective Th17 cell-mediated responses during infections and cancer, concomitant with the suppression of detrimental Th17 processes during autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In the present review, we describe major metabolic pathways underlying the differentiation of Th17 cells and their crosstalk with intracellular signaling mediators, we discuss how metabolic reprogramming affects Th17 cell plasticity and functions, and, finally, we outline current advances in the exploitation of metabolic checkpoints for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for the management of tissue inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Papadopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece.,Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgina Xanthou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
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231
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Guo K, Zhang X. Cytokines that Modulate the Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Autoimmune Uveitis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6693542. [PMID: 33816637 PMCID: PMC7990547 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6693542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested that T helper 17 (Th17) cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of ocular immune disease. The association between pathogenic Th17 cells and the development of uveitis has been confirmed in experimental and clinical studies. Several cytokines affect the initiation and stabilization of the differentiation of Th17 cells. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of related cytokines in the differentiation of Th17 cells is important for exploring the pathogenesis and the potential therapeutic targets of uveitis. This article briefly describes the structures, mechanisms, and targeted drugs of cytokines-including interleukin (IL)-6, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), IL-1β, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35, IL-2, IL-4, IL-21, and interferon (IFN)-γ-which have an important influence on the differentiation of Th17 cells and discusses their potential as therapeutic targets for treating autoimmune uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailei Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
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232
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Horiuchi H, Parajuli B, Komiya H, Ogawa Y, Jin S, Takahashi K, Azuma YT, Tanaka F, Suzumura A, Takeuchi H. Interleukin-19 Abrogates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Attenuating Antigen-Presenting Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:615898. [PMID: 33776998 PMCID: PMC7990911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.615898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-19 (IL-19) acts as a negative-feedback regulator to limit proinflammatory response of macrophages and microglia in autocrine/paracrine manners in various inflammatory diseases. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major neuroinflammatory disease in the central nervous system (CNS), but it remains uncertain how IL-19 contributes to MS pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that IL-19 deficiency aggravates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, by promoting IL-17-producing helper T cell (Th17 cell) infiltration into the CNS. In addition, IL-19-deficient splenic macrophages expressed elevated levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, co-stimulatory molecules, and Th17 cell differentiation-associated cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, TGF-β1, and TNF-α. These observations indicated that IL-19 plays a critical role in suppression of MS pathogenesis by inhibiting macrophage antigen presentation, Th17 cell expansion, and subsequent inflammatory responses. Furthermore, treatment with IL-19 significantly abrogated EAE. Our data suggest that IL-19 could provide significant therapeutic benefits in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Horiuchi
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Bijay Parajuli
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Komiya
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Ogawa
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shijie Jin
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keita Takahashi
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasu-Taka Azuma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Izumisano, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Tanaka
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akio Suzumura
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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233
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Shin B, Benavides GA, Geng J, Koralov SB, Hu H, Darley-Usmar VM, Harrington LE. Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Regulates the Fate Decision between Pathogenic Th17 and Regulatory T Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 30:1898-1909.e4. [PMID: 32049019 PMCID: PMC9059282 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding metabolic pathways that regulate Th17 development is important to broaden therapeutic options for Th17-mediated autoimmunity. Here, we report a pivotal role of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for lineage specification toward pathogenic Th17 differentiation. Th17 cells rapidly increase mitochondrial respiration during development, and this is necessary for metabolic reprogramming following T cell activation. Surprisingly, specific inhibition of mitochondrial ATP synthase ablates Th17 pathogenicity in a mouse model of autoimmunity by preventing Th17 pathogenic signature gene expression. Notably, cells activated under OXPHOS-inhibited Th17 conditions preferentially express Foxp3, rather than Th17 genes, and become suppressive Treg cells. Mechanistically, OXPHOS promotes the Th17 pioneer transcription factor, BATF, and facilitates T cell receptor (TCR) and mTOR signaling. Correspondingly, overexpression of BATF rescues Th17 development when ATP synthase activity is restricted. Together, our data reveal a regulatory role of mitochondrial OXPHOS in dictating the fate decision between Th17 and Treg cells by supporting early molecular events necessary for Th17 commitment. Shin et al. report that ATP-linked mitochondrial respiration controls the Th17 and Treg cell fate decision by supporting TCR signaling and Th17-associated molecular events. Inhibition of mitochondrial OXPHOS ablates Th17 pathogenicity in a mouse model of MS and results in generation of functionally suppressive Treg cells under Th17 conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyoung Shin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jianlin Geng
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sergei B Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Laurie E Harrington
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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234
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Babic M, Dimitropoulos C, Hammer Q, Stehle C, Heinrich F, Sarsenbayeva A, Eisele A, Durek P, Mashreghi MF, Lisnic B, Van Snick J, Löhning M, Fillatreau S, Withers DR, Gagliani N, Huber S, Flavell RA, Polic B, Romagnani C. NK cell receptor NKG2D enforces proinflammatory features and pathogenicity of Th1 and Th17 cells. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151818. [PMID: 32453422 PMCID: PMC7398170 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
NKG2D is a danger sensor expressed on different subsets of innate and adaptive lymphocytes. Despite its established role as a potent activator of the immune system, NKG2D-driven regulation of CD4+ T helper (Th) cell-mediated immunity remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that NKG2D modulates Th1 and proinflammatory T-bet+ Th17 cell effector functions in vitro and in vivo. In particular, NKG2D promotes higher production of proinflammatory cytokines by Th1 and T-bet+ Th17 cells and reinforces their transcription of type 1 signature genes, including Tbx21. Conditional deletion of NKG2D in T cells impairs the ability of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells to promote inflammation in vivo during antigen-induced arthritis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, indicating that NKG2D is an important target for the amelioration of Th1- and Th17-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Babic
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Medical Department I, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Quirin Hammer
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Stehle
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederik Heinrich
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Assel Sarsenbayeva
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Almut Eisele
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- Cell Biology, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Berislav Lisnic
- Center for Proteomics, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Max Löhning
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR8253, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - David R Withers
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Bojan Polic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Chiara Romagnani
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Medical Department I, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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235
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Mikami Y, Philips RL, Sciumè G, Petermann F, Meylan F, Nagashima H, Yao C, Davis FP, Brooks SR, Sun HW, Takahashi H, Poholek AC, Shih HY, Afzali B, Muljo SA, Hafner M, Kanno Y, O'Shea JJ. MicroRNA-221 and -222 modulate intestinal inflammatory Th17 cell response as negative feedback regulators downstream of interleukin-23. Immunity 2021; 54:514-525.e6. [PMID: 33657395 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are important regulators of immune responses. Here, we show miR-221 and miR-222 modulate the intestinal Th17 cell response. Expression of miR-221 and miR-222 was induced by proinflammatory cytokines and repressed by the cytokine TGF-β. Molecular targets of miR-221 and miR-222 included Maf and Il23r, and loss of miR-221 and miR-222 expression shifted the transcriptomic spectrum of intestinal Th17 cells to a proinflammatory signature. Although the loss of miR-221 and miR-222 was tolerated for maintaining intestinal Th17 cell homeostasis in healthy mice, Th17 cells lacking miR-221 and miR-222 expanded more efficiently in response to IL-23. Both global and T cell-specific deletion of miR-221 and miR-222 rendered mice prone to mucosal barrier damage. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that miR-221 and miR-222 are an integral part of intestinal Th17 cell response that are induced after IL-23 stimulation to constrain the magnitude of proinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Mikami
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rachael L Philips
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Postdoctoral Research Associate Program, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Franziska Petermann
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Françoise Meylan
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Nagashima
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chen Yao
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Fred P Davis
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amanda C Poholek
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Han-Yu Shih
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Behdad Afzali
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stefan A Muljo
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- RNA Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - John J O'Shea
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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236
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Abstract
IL-6 is involved both in immune responses and in inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism and embryonic development. IL-6 plays roles in chronic inflammation (closely related to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer) and even in the cytokine storm of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acute inflammation during the immune response and wound healing is a well-controlled response, whereas chronic inflammation and the cytokine storm are uncontrolled inflammatory responses. Non-immune and immune cells, cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and transcription factors nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) play central roles in inflammation. Synergistic interactions between NF-κB and STAT3 induce the hyper-activation of NF-κB followed by the production of various inflammatory cytokines. Because IL-6 is an NF-κB target, simultaneous activation of NF-κB and STAT3 in non-immune cells triggers a positive feedback loop of NF-κB activation by the IL-6-STAT3 axis. This positive feedback loop is called the IL-6 amplifier (IL-6 Amp) and is a key player in the local initiation model, which states that local initiators, such as senescence, obesity, stressors, infection, injury and smoking, trigger diseases by promoting interactions between non-immune cells and immune cells. This model counters dogma that holds that autoimmunity and oncogenesis are triggered by the breakdown of tissue-specific immune tolerance and oncogenic mutations, respectively. The IL-6 Amp is activated by a variety of local initiators, demonstrating that the IL-6-STAT3 axis is a critical target for treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Hirano
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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237
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Pandit M, Acharya S, Gu Y, Seo SU, Kweon MN, Kang B, Chang JH. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate amplifies T reg differentiation via increased IL-2 expression to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1461-1472. [PMID: 33548071 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Blocking the mevalonate pathway for cholesterol reduction by using statin may have adverse effects including statin-induced colitis. Moreover, one of the predisposing factors for colitis is an imbalanced CD4+ T cell, which can be observed on the complete deletion of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), a target of statins. In this study, we inquired geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) is responsible for maintaining the T-cell homeostasis. Following dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, simvastatin increased the severity of disease, while cotreatment with GGPP, but not with cholesterol, reversed the disease magnitude. GGPP ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by increasing Treg cells. GGPP amplified Treg differentiation through increased IL-2/STAT 5 signaling. GGPP prenylated Ras protein, a prerequisite for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway activation, leading to increased IL-2 production. Higher simvastatin dose increased the severity of colitis. GGPP ameliorated simvastatin-increased colitis by increasing Treg cells. Treg cells, which have the capacity to suppress inflammatory T cells and were generated through IL-2/STAT5 signaling, increased IL-2 production through prenylation and activation of the Ras/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Pandit
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suman Acharya
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Seo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Na Kweon
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ben Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 68-Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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238
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Aqel SI, Yang X, Kraus EE, Song J, Farinas MF, Zhao EY, Pei W, Lovett-Racke AE, Racke MK, Li C, Yang Y. A STAT3 inhibitor ameliorates CNS autoimmunity by restoring Teff:Treg balance. JCI Insight 2021; 6:142376. [PMID: 33411696 PMCID: PMC7934926 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reestablishing an appropriate balance between T effector cells (Teff) and Tregs is essential for correcting autoimmunity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated chronic CNS disease characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neuronal degeneration, in which the Teff:Treg balance is skewed toward pathogenic Teffs Th1 and Th17 cells. STAT3 is a key regulator of Teff:Treg balance. Using the structure-based design, we have developed a potentially novel small-molecule prodrug LLL12b that specifically inhibits STAT3 and suppresses Th17 differentiation and expansion. Moreover, LLL12b regulates the fate decision between Th17 and Tregs in an inflammatory environment, shifting Th17:Treg balance toward Tregs and favoring the resolution of inflammation. Therapeutic administration of LLL12b after disease onset significantly suppresses disease progression in adoptively transferred, chronic, and relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Disease relapses were also significantly suppressed by LLL12b given during the remission phase. Additionally, LLL12b shifts Th17:Treg balance of CD4+ T cells from MS patients toward Tregs and increases Teff sensitivity to Treg-mediated suppression. These data suggest that selective inhibition of STAT3 by the small molecule LLL12b recalibrates the effector and regulatory arms of CD4+ T responses, representing a potentially clinically translatable therapeutic strategy for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba I Aqel
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University (OSU) Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Yang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Emma E Kraus
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University (OSU) Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jinhua Song
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marissa F Farinas
- Neuroscience program, College of Arts and Sciences, OSU, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Erin Y Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University (OSU) Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Pei
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University (OSU) Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Amy E Lovett-Racke
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, OSU Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael K Racke
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University (OSU) Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Quest Diagnostics, Secaucus, New Jersey, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, OSU, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Yuhong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University (OSU) Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, OSU Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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239
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Ghoreschi K, Balato A, Enerbäck C, Sabat R. Therapeutics targeting the IL-23 and IL-17 pathway in psoriasis. Lancet 2021; 397:754-766. [PMID: 33515492 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by sharply demarcated erythematous and scaly skin lesions accompanied by systemic manifestations. Classified by WHO as one of the most serious non-infectious diseases, psoriasis affects 2-3% of the global population. Mechanistically, psoriatic lesions result from hyperproliferation and disturbed differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes that are provoked by immune mediators of the IL-23 and IL-17 pathway. Translational immunology has had impressive success in understanding and controlling psoriasis. Psoriasis is the first disease to have been successfully treated with therapeutics that directly block the action of the cytokines of this pathway; in fact, therapeutics that specifically target IL-23, IL-17, and IL-17RA are approved for clinical use and show excellent efficacy. Furthermore, inhibitors of IL-23 and IL-17 intracellular signalling, such as TYK2 or RORγt, are in clinical development. Although therapies that target the IL-23 and IL-17 pathway also improve psoriatic arthritis symptoms, their effects on long-term disease modification and psoriasis-associated comorbidities still need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anna Balato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Charlotta Enerbäck
- Ingrid Asp Psoriasis Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Robert Sabat
- Psoriasis Research and Treatment Centre, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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240
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Roy D, Bose S, Pati S, Guin A, Banerjee K, Saha S, Singhal AK, Chakraborty J, Sarkar DK, Sa G. GFI1/HDAC1-axis differentially regulates immunosuppressive CD73 in human tumor-associated FOXP3 + Th17 and inflammation-linked Th17 cells. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1206-1217. [PMID: 33555624 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasticity between Th17 and Treg cells is regarded as a crucial determinant of tumor-associated immunosuppression. Classically Th17 cells mediate inflammatory responses through production of cytokine IL17. Recently, Th17 cells have also been shown to acquire suppressive phenotypes in tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism by which they acquire such immunosuppressive properties is still elusive. Here, we report that in tumor microenvironment Th17 cell acquires immunosuppressive properties by expressing Treg lineage-specific transcription factor FOXP3 and ectonucleotidase CD73. We designate this cell as Th17reg cell and perceive that such immunosuppressive property is dependent on CD73. It was observed that in classical Th17 cell, GFI1 recruits HDAC1 to change the euchromatin into tightly-packed heterochromatin at the proximal-promoter region of CD73 to repress its expression. Whereas in Th17reg cells GFI1 cannot get access to CD73-promoter due to heterochromatin state at its binding site and, thus, cannot recruit HDAC1, failing to suppress the expression of CD73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dia Roy
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayantan Bose
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhadip Pati
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Aharna Guin
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Sudipto Saha
- Department of Bioinformatics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | - Gaurisankar Sa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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241
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Abstract
The IL-17 family is an evolutionarily old cytokine family consisting of six members (IL-17A through IL-17F). IL-17 family cytokines signal through heterodimeric receptors that include the shared IL-17RA subunit, which is widely expressed throughout the body on both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. The founding family member, IL-17A, is usually referred to as IL-17 and has received the most attention for proinflammatory roles in autoimmune diseases like psoriasis. However, IL-17 is associated with a wide array of diseases with perhaps surprisingly variable pathologies. This review focuses on recent advances in the roles of IL-17 during health and in disease pathogenesis. To decipher the functions of IL-17 in diverse disease processes it is useful to first consider the physiological functions that IL-17 contributes to health. We then discuss how these beneficial functions can be diverted toward pathogenic amplification of deleterious pathways driving chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Majumder
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA; ,
| | - Mandy J McGeachy
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA; ,
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242
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Matthias J, Heink S, Picard F, Zeiträg J, Kolz A, Chao YY, Soll D, de Almeida GP, Glasmacher E, Jacobsen ID, Riedel T, Peters A, Floess S, Huehn J, Baumjohann D, Huber M, Korn T, Zielinski CE. Salt generates antiinflammatory Th17 cells but amplifies pathogenicity in proinflammatory cytokine microenvironments. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4587-4600. [PMID: 32484796 DOI: 10.1172/jci137786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Th cells integrate signals from their microenvironment to acquire distinct specialization programs for efficient clearance of diverse pathogens or for immunotolerance. Ionic signals have recently been demonstrated to affect T cell polarization and function. Sodium chloride (NaCl) was proposed to accumulate in peripheral tissues upon dietary intake and to promote autoimmunity via the Th17 cell axis. Here, we demonstrate that high-NaCl conditions induced a stable, pathogen-specific, antiinflammatory Th17 cell fate in human T cells in vitro. The p38/MAPK pathway, involving NFAT5 and SGK1, regulated FoxP3 and IL-17A expression in high-NaCl conditions. The NaCl-induced acquisition of an antiinflammatory Th17 cell fate was confirmed in vivo in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model, which demonstrated strongly reduced disease symptoms upon transfer of T cells polarized in high-NaCl conditions. However, NaCl was coopted to promote murine and human Th17 cell pathogenicity, if T cell stimulation occurred in a proinflammatory and TGF-β-low cytokine microenvironment. Taken together, our findings reveal a context-dependent, dichotomous role for NaCl in shaping Th17 cell pathogenicity. NaCl might therefore prove beneficial for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in combination with cytokine-blocking drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Matthias
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Cellular Immunoregulation, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Heink
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Picard
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia Zeiträg
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna Kolz
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Hospital and Biomedical Center of LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ying-Yin Chao
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Soll
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gustavo P de Almeida
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elke Glasmacher
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, pRED, Large Molecule Research, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Riedel
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig and German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anneli Peters
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Hospital and Biomedical Center of LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Floess
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Christina E Zielinski
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Cellular Immunoregulation, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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243
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Kiner E, Willie E, Vijaykumar B, Chowdhary K, Schmutz H, Chandler J, Schnell A, Thakore PI, LeGros G, Mostafavi S, Mathis D, Benoist C. Gut CD4 + T cell phenotypes are a continuum molded by microbes, not by T H archetypes. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:216-228. [PMID: 33462454 PMCID: PMC7839314 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ effector lymphocytes (Teff) are traditionally classified by the cytokines they produce. To determine the states that Teff cells actually adopt in frontline tissues in vivo, we applied single-cell transcriptome and chromatin analyses to colonic Teff cells in germ-free or conventional mice or in mice after challenge with a range of phenotypically biasing microbes. Unexpected subsets were marked by the expression of the interferon (IFN) signature or myeloid-specific transcripts, but transcriptome or chromatin structure could not resolve discrete clusters fitting classic helper T cell (TH) subsets. At baseline or at different times of infection, transcripts encoding cytokines or proteins commonly used as TH markers were distributed in a polarized continuum, which was functionally validated. Clones derived from single progenitors gave rise to both IFN-γ- and interleukin (IL)-17-producing cells. Most of the transcriptional variance was tied to the infecting agent, independent of the cytokines produced, and chromatin variance primarily reflected activities of activator protein (AP)-1 and IFN-regulatory factor (IRF) transcription factor (TF) families, not the canonical subset master regulators T-bet, GATA3 or RORγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Kiner
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Immunai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elijah Willie
- Bioinformatics Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brinda Vijaykumar
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaitavjeet Chowdhary
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hugo Schmutz
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jodie Chandler
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alexandra Schnell
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pratiksha I Thakore
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Graham LeGros
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sara Mostafavi
- Departments of Statistics and Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Christophe Benoist
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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244
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Van Den Eeckhout B, Tavernier J, Gerlo S. Interleukin-1 as Innate Mediator of T Cell Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 11:621931. [PMID: 33584721 PMCID: PMC7873566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.621931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The three-signal paradigm tries to capture how the innate immune system instructs adaptive immune responses in three well-defined actions: (1) presentation of antigenic peptides in the context of MHC molecules, which allows for a specific T cell response; (2) T cell co-stimulation, which breaks T cell tolerance; and (3) secretion of polarizing cytokines in the priming environment, thereby specializing T cell immunity. The three-signal model provides an empirical framework for innate instruction of adaptive immunity, but mainly discusses STAT-dependent cytokines in T cell activation and differentiation, while the multi-faceted roles of type I IFNs and IL-1 cytokine superfamily members are often neglected. IL-1α and IL-1β are pro-inflammatory cytokines, produced following damage to the host (release of DAMPs) or upon innate recognition of PAMPs. IL-1 activity on both DCs and T cells can further shape the adaptive immune response with variable outcomes. IL-1 signaling in DCs promotes their ability to induce T cell activation, but also direct action of IL-1 on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, either alone or in synergy with prototypical polarizing cytokines, influences T cell differentiation under different conditions. The activities of IL-1 form a direct bridge between innate and adaptive immunity and could therefore be clinically translatable in the context of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies to empower the formation of T cell immunity. Understanding the modalities of IL-1 activity during T cell activation thus could hold major implications for rational development of the next generation of vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Van Den Eeckhout
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Tavernier
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Orionis Biosciences BV, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Gerlo
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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245
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Konstantinidis AO, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Pardali D, Dovas CI, Brellou GD, Papadopoulos T, Jergens AE, Allenspach K, Rallis TS. Colonic mucosal and cytobrush sample cytokine mRNA expression in canine inflammatory bowel disease and their correlation with disease activity, endoscopic and histopathologic score. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245713. [PMID: 33471872 PMCID: PMC7817028 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders, the pathogenesis of which remains elusive, but it possibly involves the interaction of the intestinal immune system with luminal microbiota and food-derived antigens. Mucosal cytokines profiles in canine IBD have been investigated mainly in small intestinal disease, while data on cytokine profiles in large intestinal IBD are limited. The objective of this study was to measure colonic mucosal and cytobrush sample messenger (m)RNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-12p40, IL-23p19, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and chemokine C-C motif ligand (CCL28) in dogs with IBD and healthy controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and assess their correlation with clinical disease activity, endoscopic and histopathologic score. Dogs with IBD had a significantly increased mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-23p19 and CCL28 in the colonic mucosa, compared to healthy controls. None of the selected cytokines had significantly different mRNA expression in the colonic cytobrush samples between the two groups or between the colonic mucosa and cytobrush samples of dogs with IBD. Finally, there was a statistically significant correlation of clinical disease activity with endoscopic activity score and fibrosis and atrophy of the colonic mucosa in dogs with large intestinal IBD. IL-1β, IL-23p19 and CCL28 could play a role in the pathogenesis of canine large intestinal IBD. Colonic cytokine expression does not correlate with clinical disease activity and/or endoscopic score. However, clinical signs reflect the severity of endoscopic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros O. Konstantinidis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- * E-mail:
| | - Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysostomos I. Dovas
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia D. Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theologos Papadopoulos
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Albert E. Jergens
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Karin Allenspach
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Timoleon S. Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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246
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Qiao Z, Wang X, Zhang H, Han J, Feng H, Wu Z. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals That Metabolites Produced by Paenibacillus bovis sp. nov. BD3526 Ameliorate Type 2 Diabetes in GK Rats by Downregulating the Inflammatory Response. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:568805. [PMID: 33424779 PMCID: PMC7793688 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.568805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation is widely involved in the development and progression of metabolic syndrome, which can lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Dysregulation of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines not only impairs insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells but also results in systemic complications in late diabetes. In our previous work, metabolites produced by Paenibacillus bovis sp. nov. BD3526, which were isolated from Tibetan yak milk, demonstrated antidiabetic effects in Goto–Kakizaki (GK) rats. In this work, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to further explore the impact of BD3526 metabolites on the intestinal cell composition of GK rats. Oral administration of the metabolites significantly reduced the number of adipocytes in the colon tissue of GK rats. In addition, cluster analysis of immune cells confirmed that the metabolites reduced the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β in macrophages in the colon and increased the numbers of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Further mechanistic studies of DCs confirmed that activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway in DCs promoted the expression of IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, thereby increasing the number of Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Postdoctoral Workstation of Bright Dairy-Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Huanchang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Huafeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengjun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
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247
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Abstract
T lymphocytes, the major effector cells in cellular immunity, produce cytokines in immune responses to mediate inflammation and regulate other types of immune cells. Work in the last three decades has revealed significant heterogeneity in CD4+ T cells, in terms of their cytokine expression, leading to the discoveries of T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell subsets. These cells possess unique developmental and regulatory pathways and play distinct roles in immunity and immune-mediated pathologies. Other types of T cells, including regulatory T cells and γδ T cells, as well as innate lymphocytes, display similar features of subpopulations, which may play differential roles in immunity. Mechanisms exist to prevent cytokine production by T cells to maintain immune tolerance to self-antigens, some of which may also underscore immune exhaustion in the context of tumors. Understanding cytokine regulation and function has offered innovative treatment of many human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China;
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248
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Wu B, Zhang S, Guo Z, Bi Y, Zhou M, Li P, Seyedsadr M, Xu X, Li JL, Markovic-Plese S, Wan YY. The TGF-β superfamily cytokine Activin-A is induced during autoimmune neuroinflammation and drives pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation. Immunity 2021; 54:308-323.e6. [PMID: 33421362 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cells are known to exert pathogenic and non-pathogenic functions. Although the cytokine transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is instrumental for Th17 cell differentiation, it is dispensable for generation of pathogenic Th17 cells. Here, we examined the T cell-intrinsic role of Activin-A, a TGF-β superfamily member closely related to TGF-β1, in pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation. Activin-A expression was increased in individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Stimulation with interleukin-6 and Activin-A induced a molecular program that mirrored that of pathogenic Th17 cells and was inhibited by blocking Activin-A signaling. Genetic disruption of Activin-A and its receptor ALK4 in T cells impaired pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, which was essential for pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation, was suppressed by TGF-β1-ALK5 but not Activin-A-ALK4 signaling. Thus, Activin-A drives pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation, implicating the Activin-A-ALK4-ERK axis as a therapeutic target for Th17 cell-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zengli Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yanmin Bi
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mingxia Zhou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Xiaojiang Xu
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Jian-Liang Li
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Silva Markovic-Plese
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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249
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Rosine N, Miceli-Richard C. Innate Cells: The Alternative Source of IL-17 in Axial and Peripheral Spondyloarthritis? Front Immunol 2021; 11:553742. [PMID: 33488572 PMCID: PMC7821711 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.553742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatism characterized by inflammation of sacroiliac joints, peripheral joints, and spine. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis Society describes three disease forms: axial (axSpA), peripheral, and enthesitic SpA. Each may be associated with extra-articular manifestations: psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and acute anterior uveitis. Genome-wide association studies performed in axSpA and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have shown a shared genetic background, especially the interleukin 23 (IL-23)/IL-17 pathway, which suggests pathophysiological similarities. The convincing positive results of clinical trials assessing the effect of secukinumab and ixekizumab (anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibodies) in axSpA and PsA have reinforced the speculated crucial role of IL-17 in SpA. Nevertheless, and obviously unexpectedly, the differential efficacy of anti-IL-23–targeted treatments between axSpA (failure) and PsA (success) has profoundly disrupted our presumed knowledge of disease pathogeny. The cells able to secrete IL-17, their dependence on IL-23, and their respective role according to the clinical form of the disease is at the heart of the current debate to potentially explain these observed differences in efficacy of IL-23/IL-17–targeted therapy. In fact, IL-17 secretion is usually mainly related to T helper 17 lymphocytes. Nevertheless, several innate immune cells express IL-23 receptor and can produce IL-17. To what extent these alternative cell populations can produce IL-17 independent of IL-23 and their respective involvement in axSpA and PsA are the crucial scientific questions in SpA. From this viewpoint, this is a nice example of a reverse path from bedside to bench, in which the results of therapeutic trials allow for reflecting more in depth on the pathophysiology of a disease. Here we provide an overview of each innate immunity-producing IL-17 cell subset and their respective role in disease pathogeny at the current level of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rosine
- Unité Mixte AP-HP/Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Immunoregulation Unit, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Miceli-Richard
- Unité Mixte AP-HP/Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Immunoregulation Unit, Paris, France.,Paris University, Department of Rheumatology-Hôpital Cochin. Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, EULAR Center of Excellence, Paris, France
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250
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Cheng M, Zhou Y, Wang B, Mu G, Ma J, Zhou M, Wang D, Yang M, Cao L, Xie L, Wang X, Nie X, Yu L, Yuan J, Chen W. IL-22: A potential mediator of associations between urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites with fasting plasma glucose and type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123278. [PMID: 32634658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies found that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence. However, the potential mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we investigated 3031 Chinese urban adults to discover the relationship between PAH exposure and plasma Interleukin-22 (IL-22) and potential role of IL-22 in the association between PAH and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or risk of T2D. After adjustment for potential confounders, significant dose-response relationships were observed between several urinary PAH metabolites with FPG and the prevalence of T2D. Each 1-U increase in ln-transformed value of 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNa), 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OHPh), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene (3-OHPh), 4-hydroxyphenanthrene (4-OHPh), 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (9-OHPh), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) or total PAH metabolites was significantly associated with a 0.053, 0.026, 0.037, 0.045, 0.051, 0.041 or 0.047 unit decrease in IL-22 level, respectively. In addition, plasma IL-22 level was negatively associated with FPG and prevalence of T2D in a dose-dependent manner. Mediation analysis showed that IL-22 mediated 8.48 %, 3.87 %, 6.64 %, 6.47 %, and 8.67 % of the associations between urinary 2-OHNa, 1-OHPh, 3-OHPh, 4-OHPh, and 9-OHPh with the prevalence of T2D, respectively. These results indicated that urinary PAHs metabolites were inversely associated with plasma levels of IL-22, but positively related to FPG and the T2D prevalence. Downregulation of IL-22 might play a significant role in mediating PAHs exposure-associated risk increasement of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ge Mu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Limin Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuquan Nie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - LingLing Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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