201
|
Múrria C, Bonada N, Vellend M, Zamora‐Muñoz C, Alba‐Tercedor J, Sainz‐Cantero CE, Garrido J, Acosta R, El Alami M, Barquín J, Derka T, Álvarez‐Cabria M, Sáinz‐Bariain M, Filipe AF, Vogler AP. Local environment rather than past climate determines community composition of mountain stream macroinvertebrates across Europe. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:6085-6099. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cesc Múrria
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Departament de Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum London UK
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - Núria Bonada
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Departament de Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Mark Vellend
- Département de Biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - Carmen Zamora‐Muñoz
- Departamento de Zoología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada Spain
| | - Javier Alba‐Tercedor
- Departamento de Zoología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada Spain
| | | | - Josefina Garrido
- Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal Facultad de Biología Universidad de Vigo Vigo Spain
| | - Raul Acosta
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Departament de Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Majida El Alami
- Department of Biology University Abdelmalek Essâadi Tétouan Morocco
| | - Jose Barquín
- Environmental Hydraulics Institute Universidad de Cantabria Santander Spain
| | - Tomáš Derka
- Department of Ecology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia
| | | | - Marta Sáinz‐Bariain
- Departamento de Zoología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada Spain
| | - Ana F. Filipe
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
- CEABN/InBIO Centro de Ecologia Aplicada Instituto Superior de Agronomia Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Alfried P. Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum London UK
- Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Ascot Berkshire UK
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Ramos EKS, de Magalhães RF, Sari EHR, Rosa AHB, Garcia PCA, Santos FR. Population genetics and distribution data reveal conservation concerns to the sky island endemic Pithecopus megacephalus (Anura, Phyllomedusidae). CONSERV GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-017-1013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
203
|
Bothwell HM, Cushman SA, Woolbright SA, Hersch‐Green EI, Evans LM, Whitham TG, Allan GJ. Conserving threatened riparian ecosystems in the American West: Precipitation gradients and river networks drive genetic connectivity and diversity in a foundation riparian tree (
Populus angustifolia
). Mol Ecol 2017; 26:5114-5132. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Bothwell
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA
| | - Samuel A. Cushman
- Rocky Mountain Research Station United States Forest Service Flagstaff AZ USA
| | | | | | - Luke M. Evans
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics University of Colorado Boulder CO USA
| | - Thomas G. Whitham
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA
- Merriam‐Powell Center for Environmental Research Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA
| | - Gerard J. Allan
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA
- Merriam‐Powell Center for Environmental Research Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Locatello L, Santon M, Mazzoldi C, Rasotto MB. The marbled goby, Pomatoschistus marmoratus, as a promising species for experimental evolution studies. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-017-0339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
205
|
Abstract
Abstract
Conservation planning of threatened taxa relies upon accurate data on systematics, ecological traits and suitable habitats. The genus Gazella includes taxa with distinct morphologies and ecological traits, but close phylogenetic relationships. The North African Gazella cuvieri and Gazella leptoceros loderi share morphological and physiological characters but the former is darker and found in mountain areas, while the latter is lighter and associated with sand dunes. Here we aim to assess the genetic distinctiveness of these taxa, to characterize their ecological niches and to identify potential occurrence areas, by analysing 327 samples across North-West Africa. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial (CYTB) and five nuclear gene fragments (KCAS, LAC, SPTBN1, PRKCI and THYR) show that both taxa comprise a single monophyletic group. However, ecological niche-based modelling suggests that populations of these taxa occupy distinct geographic areas and specific environments. Predicted areas of sympatry were restricted, as a consequence of local sharp transitions in climatic traits. The lack of genetic differentiation between these taxa suggests they should be lumped into G. cuvieri, while ecological and morphological differences indicate they correspond to distinct ecotypes. Conservation planning of G. cuvieri should consider the preservation of both mountain and lowland ecotypes to maintain the overall adaptive potential of the species. This integrative approach provides valuable insights in identifying evolutionary units and should be extended to other gazelles.
Collapse
|
206
|
Pedrosa JAM, Cocchiararo B, Verdelhos T, Soares AMVM, Pestana JLT, Nowak C. Population genetic structure and hybridization patterns in the cryptic sister species Chironomus riparius and Chironomus piger across differentially polluted freshwater systems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 141:280-289. [PMID: 28359994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chironomids are an integral and functionally important part of many freshwater ecosystems. Yet, to date, there is limited understanding of their microevolutionary processes under chemically polluted natural environments. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation within populations of the ecotoxicological model species Chironomus riparius and its cryptic sister species Chironomus piger at 18 metal-contaminated and reference sites in northwestern Portugal. Microsatellite analysis was conducted on 909 samples to answer if metal contamination affects genetic variation in natural chironomid populations as previously suggested from controlled laboratory experiments. Similarly high levels of genetic diversity and significant but weak genetic substructuring were found across all sites and temporal replicates, with no effects of metal contamination on the genetic variation or species' abundance, although C. piger tended to be less frequent at highly contaminated sites. Our results indicate that high levels of gene flow and population dynamic processes may overlay potential pollutant effects. At least for our study species, we conclude that the "genetic erosion hypothesis", which suggests that chemical pollution will reduce genome-wide genetic variability in affected populations, does not hold under natural conditions. Interestingly, our study provides evidence of successful hybridization between the two sister species under natural conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João A M Pedrosa
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Berardino Cocchiararo
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Tiago Verdelhos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João L T Pestana
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carsten Nowak
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Giersch JJ, Hotaling S, Kovach RP, Jones LA, Muhlfeld CC. Climate-induced glacier and snow loss imperils alpine stream insects. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2017; 23:2577-2589. [PMID: 27862701 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is causing rapid loss of glaciers and snowpack in mountainous regions worldwide. These changes are predicted to negatively impact the habitats of many range-restricted species, particularly endemic, mountaintop species dependent on the unique thermal and hydrologic conditions found only in glacier-fed and snow melt-driven alpine streams. Although progress has been made, existing understanding of the status, distribution, and ecology of alpine aquatic species, particularly in North America, is lacking, thereby hindering conservation and management programs. Two aquatic insects - the meltwater stonefly (Lednia tumana) and the glacier stonefly (Zapada glacier) - were recently proposed for listing under the U.S. Endangered Species Act due to climate-change-induced habitat loss. Using a large dataset (272 streams, 482 total sites) with high-resolution climate and habitat information, we describe the distribution, status, and key environmental features that limit L. tumana and Z. glacier across the northern Rocky Mountains. Lednia tumana was detected in 113 streams (175 sites) within Glacier National Park (GNP) and surrounding areas. The probability of L. tumana occurrence increased with cold stream temperatures and close proximity to glaciers and permanent snowfields. Similarly, densities of L. tumana declined with increasing distance from stream source. Zapada glacier was only detected in 10 streams (24 sites), six in GNP and four in mountain ranges up to ~600 km southwest. Our results show that both L. tumana and Z. glacier inhabit an extremely narrow distribution, restricted to short sections of cold, alpine streams often below glaciers predicted to disappear over the next two decades. Climate warming-induced glacier and snow loss clearly imperils the persistence of L. tumana and Z. glacier throughout their ranges, highlighting the role of mountaintop aquatic invertebrates as sentinels of climate change in mid-latitude regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Joseph Giersch
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT, 59936, USA
| | - Scott Hotaling
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Ryan P Kovach
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT, 59936, USA
| | - Leslie A Jones
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT, 59936, USA
| | - Clint C Muhlfeld
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT, 59936, USA
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, USA
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Caddy-Retalic S, Andersen AN, Aspinwall MJ, Breed MF, Byrne M, Christmas MJ, Dong N, Evans BJ, Fordham DA, Guerin GR, Hoffmann AA, Hughes AC, van Leeuwen SJ, McInerney FA, Prober SM, Rossetto M, Rymer PD, Steane DA, Wardle GM, Lowe AJ. Bioclimatic transect networks: Powerful observatories of ecological change. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:4607-4619. [PMID: 28690791 PMCID: PMC5496522 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transects that traverse substantial climate gradients are important tools for climate change research and allow questions on the extent to which phenotypic variation associates with climate, the link between climate and species distributions, and variation in sensitivity to climate change among biomes to be addressed. However, the potential limitations of individual transect studies have recently been highlighted. Here, we argue that replicating and networking transects, along with the introduction of experimental treatments, addresses these concerns. Transect networks provide cost‐effective and robust insights into ecological and evolutionary adaptation and improve forecasting of ecosystem change. We draw on the experience and research facilitated by the Australian Transect Network to demonstrate our case, with examples, to clarify how population‐ and community‐level studies can be integrated with observations from multiple transects, manipulative experiments, genomics, and ecological modeling to gain novel insights into how species and systems respond to climate change. This integration can provide a spatiotemporal understanding of past and future climate‐induced changes, which will inform effective management actions for promoting biodiversity resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Caddy-Retalic
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School of Biological Sciences and Environment InstituteUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Alan N Andersen
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,Charles Darwin University Darwin NT Australia
| | - Michael J Aspinwall
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Parramatta NSW Australia
| | - Martin F Breed
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School of Biological Sciences and Environment InstituteUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,Science and Conservation Division Western Australian Department of Parks and Wildlife Kensington WA Australia
| | - Matthew J Christmas
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School of Biological Sciences and Environment InstituteUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Ning Dong
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde NSW Australia.,Ecosystem Modelling and Scaling Infrastructure Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Bradley J Evans
- Ecosystem Modelling and Scaling Infrastructure Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Damien A Fordham
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School of Biological Sciences and Environment InstituteUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Greg R Guerin
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School of Biological Sciences and Environment InstituteUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School of BioSciences, Bio 21 InstituteThe University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Alice C Hughes
- Centre for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Menglun, Mengla County Yunnan China
| | - Stephen J van Leeuwen
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,Science and Conservation Division Western Australian Department of Parks and Wildlife Kensington WA Australia
| | - Francesca A McInerney
- Sprigg Geobiology Centre and School of Physical Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,CSIRO Land and Water Wembley WA Australia
| | - Maurizio Rossetto
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,National Herbarium of NSW Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Paul D Rymer
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Parramatta NSW Australia
| | - Dorothy A Steane
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,CSIRO Land and Water Wembley WA Australia.,School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia.,Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore QLD Australia
| | - Glenda M Wardle
- School Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Long Term Ecological Research Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Andrew J Lowe
- Australian Transect Network Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Adelaide SA Australia.,School of Biological Sciences and Environment InstituteUniversity of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Pedrosa J, Campos D, Cocchiararo B, Nowak C, Soares AMVM, Barata C, L T Pestana J. Evolutionary consequences of historical metal contamination for natural populations of Chironomus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:534-546. [PMID: 28353160 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Populations inhabiting metal-impacted freshwater systems located nearby industrial and urban areas may be under intense selection. The present study aims to address two fundamental microevolutionary aspects of metal contamination in the midge Chironomus riparius (Meigen): Are populations inhabiting historically metal contaminated sites genetically adapted to metals? And, are populations from these sites genetically eroded? To answer these questions, C. riparius populations were sampled from three sites with well-known histories of metal contamination and three nearby-located references. Genetic adaptation to metals was investigated through acute and chronic exposures to cadmium (Cd), after rearing all populations for at least six generations under laboratory clean conditions. Genetic diversity was estimated based on the allelic variation of seven microsatellite markers. Results showed higher acute tolerance to Cd in populations originating from metal contaminated sites compared to their respective references and significant differences in two out of three pairwise comparisons. However, there was a mismatch between acute and chronic tolerance to Cd with results of the partial life-cycle tests suggesting fitness costs under control clean conditions in two metal-adapted populations. Despite no evidences of genetic erosion in populations sampled from metal contaminated sites, our results suggest genetically inherited tolerance to Cd in populations inhabiting historically contaminated sites. These findings lend support to the use of C. riparius as a model organism in evolutionary toxicology and highlight the importance of coupling measures of neutral genetic diversity with assessments of chemical tolerance of populations for a better understanding of contaminant-induced adaptation and evolutionary processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Pedrosa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum of Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Diana Campos
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Berardino Cocchiararo
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum of Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Carsten Nowak
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum of Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - João L T Pestana
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Dal Grande F, Sharma R, Meiser A, Rolshausen G, Büdel B, Mishra B, Thines M, Otte J, Pfenninger M, Schmitt I. Adaptive differentiation coincides with local bioclimatic conditions along an elevational cline in populations of a lichen-forming fungus. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:93. [PMID: 28359299 PMCID: PMC5374679 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-0929-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many fungal species occur across a variety of habitats. Particularly lichens, fungi forming symbioses with photosynthetic partners, have evolved remarkable tolerances for environmental extremes. Despite their ecological importance and ubiquity, little is known about the genetic basis of adaption in lichen populations. Here we studied patterns of genome-wide differentiation in the lichen-forming fungus Lasallia pustulata along an altitudinal gradient in the Mediterranean region. We resequenced six populations as pools and identified highly differentiated genomic regions. We then detected gene-environment correlations while controlling for shared population history and pooled sequencing bias, and performed ecophysiological experiments to assess fitness differences of individuals from different environments. Results We detected two strongly differentiated genetic clusters linked to Mediterranean and temperate-oceanic climate, and an admixture zone, which coincided with the transition between the two bioclimates. High altitude individuals showed ecophysiological adaptations to wetter and more shaded conditions. Highly differentiated genome regions contained a number of genes associated with stress response, local environmental adaptation, and sexual reproduction. Conclusions Taken together our results provide evidence for a complex interplay between demographic history and spatially varying selection acting on a number of key biological processes, suggesting a scenario of ecological speciation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0929-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dal Grande
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anjuli Meiser
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gregor Rolshausen
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Burkhard Büdel
- Plant Ecology and Systematics, Biology Department, University of Kaiserslautern, 67653, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Bagdevi Mishra
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marco Thines
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jürgen Otte
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Pfenninger
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Imke Schmitt
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Theisen-Jones H, Bienefeld K. The Asian Honey Bee (Apis cerana) is Significantly in Decline. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0005772x.2017.1284973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
212
|
Jermakowicz E, Brzosko E, Kotowicz J, Wróblewska A. Genetic Diversity of OrchidMalaxis monophyllosOver European Range as an Effect of Population Properties and Postglacial Colonization. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2017.65.1.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Jermakowicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Emilia Brzosko
- Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jarosław Kotowicz
- Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1M, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ada Wróblewska
- Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, K. Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Leys M, Keller I, Robinson CT, Räsänen K. Cryptic lineages of a common alpine mayfly show strong life-history divergence. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:1670-1686. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Leys
- Department of Aquatic Ecology; EAWAG; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology; Ueberlandstrasse 133 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Biology; ETH-Zurich; 8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Irene Keller
- Department of Clinical Research; University of Bern and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; 3010 Bern Switzerland
| | - Christopher T. Robinson
- Department of Aquatic Ecology; EAWAG; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology; Ueberlandstrasse 133 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Biology; ETH-Zurich; 8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Katja Räsänen
- Department of Aquatic Ecology; EAWAG; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology; Ueberlandstrasse 133 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Biology; ETH-Zurich; 8092 Zurich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Martinez E, Buonaccorsi V, Hyde JR, Aguilar A. Population genomics reveals high gene flow in grass rockfish (Sebastes rastrelliger). Mar Genomics 2017; 33:57-63. [PMID: 28169128 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Variation at the genomic level is important for understanding a species' demographic and phylogenetic history, in addition to identifying candidate regions that may be under selection and important to local adaptation. We used restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to sample single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the grass rockfish genome (Sebastes rastrelliger) to assess range-wide patterns of population structure and test for signatures of selection (i.e. outlier loci). Two different filtering criteria yielded 6572 and 10,393 SNPs that were genotyped in over 70% of 110 individuals from six sampling areas using RAD loci. Global FST across sampling sites is 0.0009-0.002 for all loci. Two methods for the detection of outlier loci failed to identify any outlier loci. Clustering analyses and discriminant analysis of principal components were not able to detect any population structure in our dataset. These results suggest high levels of gene flow for this species across its range and that this level of gene flow makes it difficult to detect outlier loci in the current dataset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith Martinez
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, 5151 State University Dr., Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90032
| | | | - John R Hyde
- NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr., La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
| | - Andres Aguilar
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, 5151 State University Dr., Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90032.
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Mimura M, Yahara T, Faith DP, Vázquez‐Domínguez E, Colautti RI, Araki H, Javadi F, Núñez‐Farfán J, Mori AS, Zhou S, Hollingsworth PM, Neaves LE, Fukano Y, Smith GF, Sato Y, Tachida H, Hendry AP. Understanding and monitoring the consequences of human impacts on intraspecific variation. Evol Appl 2017; 10:121-139. [PMID: 28127389 PMCID: PMC5253428 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraspecific variation is a major component of biodiversity, yet it has received relatively little attention from governmental and nongovernmental organizations, especially with regard to conservation plans and the management of wild species. This omission is ill-advised because phenotypic and genetic variations within and among populations can have dramatic effects on ecological and evolutionary processes, including responses to environmental change, the maintenance of species diversity, and ecological stability and resilience. At the same time, environmental changes associated with many human activities, such as land use and climate change, have dramatic and often negative impacts on intraspecific variation. We argue for the need for local, regional, and global programs to monitor intraspecific genetic variation. We suggest that such monitoring should include two main strategies: (i) intensive monitoring of multiple types of genetic variation in selected species and (ii) broad-brush modeling for representative species for predicting changes in variation as a function of changes in population size and range extent. Overall, we call for collaborative efforts to initiate the urgently needed monitoring of intraspecific variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Mimura
- Department of Bioenvironmental SystemsTamagawa UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tetsukazu Yahara
- Department of Biology and Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable SocietyKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Daniel P. Faith
- The Australian Museum Research InstituteThe Australian MuseumSydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | | | - Hitoshi Araki
- Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Firouzeh Javadi
- Department of Biology and Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable SocietyKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Juan Núñez‐Farfán
- Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxicoMéxico
| | - Akira S. Mori
- Graduate School of Environment and Information SciencesYokohama National UniversityYokohamaJapan
| | - Shiliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | - Linda E. Neaves
- Royal Botanic Garden EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Australian Centre for Wildlife Genomics, Australian Museum Research InstituteAustralian MuseumSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Yuya Fukano
- Department of Biology and Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable SocietyKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Gideon F. Smith
- Department of BotanyNelson Mandela Metropolitan UniversityPort ElizabethSouth Africa
- Departamento de Ciências da VidaCentre for Functional EcologyUniversidade de CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | | | - Hidenori Tachida
- Department of Biology and Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable SocietyKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Andrew P. Hendry
- Redpath Museum and Department of BiologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Wade AA, Hand BK, Kovach RP, Luikart G, Whited DC, Muhlfeld CC. Accounting for adaptive capacity and uncertainty in assessments of species' climate-change vulnerability. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2017; 31:136-149. [PMID: 27214122 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Climate-change vulnerability assessments (CCVAs) are valuable tools for assessing species' vulnerability to climatic changes, yet failure to include measures of adaptive capacity and to account for sources of uncertainty may limit their effectiveness. We took a more comprehensive approach that incorporates exposure, sensitivity, and capacity to adapt to climate change. We applied our approach to anadromous steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and nonanadromous bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), threatened salmonids within the Columbia River Basin (U.S.A.). We quantified exposure on the basis of scenarios of future stream temperature and flow, and we represented sensitivity and capacity to adapt to climate change with metrics of habitat quality, demographic condition, and genetic diversity. Both species were found to be highly vulnerable to climate change at low elevations and in their southernmost habitats. However, vulnerability rankings varied widely depending on the factors (climate, habitat, demographic, and genetic) included in the CCVA and often differed for the 2 species at locations where they were sympatric. Our findings illustrate that CCVA results are highly sensitive to data inputs and that spatial differences can complicate multispecies conservation. Based on our results, we suggest that CCVAs be considered within a broader conceptual and computational framework and be used to refine hypotheses, guide research, and compare plausible scenarios of species' vulnerability to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alisa A Wade
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, U.S.A
| | - Brian K Hand
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, U.S.A
| | - Ryan P Kovach
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, U.S.A
- United States Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT, 59936, U.S.A
| | - Gordon Luikart
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, U.S.A
| | - Diane C Whited
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, U.S.A
| | - Clint C Muhlfeld
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT, 59860, U.S.A
- United States Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT, 59936, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Hotaling S, Finn DS, Joseph Giersch J, Weisrock DW, Jacobsen D. Climate change and alpine stream biology: progress, challenges, and opportunities for the future. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 92:2024-2045. [PMID: 28105701 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In alpine regions worldwide, climate change is dramatically altering ecosystems and affecting biodiversity in many ways. For streams, receding alpine glaciers and snowfields, paired with altered precipitation regimes, are driving shifts in hydrology, species distributions, basal resources, and threatening the very existence of some habitats and biota. Alpine streams harbour substantial species and genetic diversity due to significant habitat insularity and environmental heterogeneity. Climate change is expected to affect alpine stream biodiversity across many levels of biological resolution from micro- to macroscopic organisms and genes to communities. Herein, we describe the current state of alpine stream biology from an organism-focused perspective. We begin by reviewing seven standard and emerging approaches that combine to form the current state of the discipline. We follow with a call for increased synthesis across existing approaches to improve understanding of how these imperiled ecosystems are responding to rapid environmental change. We then take a forward-looking viewpoint on how alpine stream biologists can make better use of existing data sets through temporal comparisons, integrate remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies, and apply genomic tools to refine knowledge of underlying evolutionary processes. We conclude with comments about the future of biodiversity conservation in alpine streams to confront the daunting challenge of mitigating the effects of rapid environmental change in these sentinel ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Hotaling
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, U.S.A
| | - Debra S Finn
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, U.S.A.,Departamento de Recursos Hídricos y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - J Joseph Giersch
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, West Glacier, MT 59936, U.S.A
| | - David W Weisrock
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, U.S.A
| | - Dean Jacobsen
- Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Yang Y, Li J, Yang S, Li X, Fang L, Zhong C, Duke NC, Zhou R, Shi S. Effects of Pleistocene sea-level fluctuations on mangrove population dynamics: a lesson from Sonneratia alba. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:22. [PMID: 28100168 PMCID: PMC5241957 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large-scale systematical investigation of the influence of Pleistocene climate oscillation on mangrove population dynamics could enrich our knowledge about the evolutionary history during times of historical climate change, which in turn may provide important information for their conservation. Results In this study, phylogeography of a mangrove tree Sonneratia alba was studied by sequencing three chloroplast fragments and seven nuclear genes. A low level of genetic diversity at the population level was detected across its range, especially at the range margins, which was mainly attributed to the steep sea-level drop and associated climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene glacial periods. Extremely small effective population size (Ne) was inferred in populations from both eastern and western Malay Peninsula (44 and 396, respectively), mirroring the fragility of mangrove plants and their paucity of robustness against future climate perturbations and human activity. Two major genetic lineages of high divergence were identified in the two mangrove biodiversity centres: the Indo-Malesia and Australasia regions. The estimated splitting time between these two lineages was 3.153 million year ago (MYA), suggesting a role for pre-Pleistocene events in shaping the major diversity patterns of mangrove species. Within the Indo-Malesia region, a subdivision was implicated between the South China Sea (SCS) and the remaining area with a divergence time of 1.874 MYA, corresponding to glacial vicariance when the emerged Sunda Shelf halted genetic exchange between the western and eastern coasts of the Malay Peninsula during Pleistocene sea-level drops. Notably, genetic admixture was observed in populations at the boundary regions, especially in the two populations near the Malacca Strait, indicating secondary contact between divergent lineages during interglacial periods. These interregional genetic exchanges provided ample opportunity for the re-use of standing genetic variation, which could facilitate mangrove establishment and adaptation in new habitats, especially in the context of global climate changes. Conclusion Phylogeogrpahic analysis in this study reveal that Pleistocene sea-level fluctuations had profound influence on population differentiation of the mangrove tree S. alba. Our study highlights the fragility of mangrove plants and offers a guide for the conservation of coastal mangrove communities experiencing ongoing changes in sea-level. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0849-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shuhuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xinnian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Cairong Zhong
- Hainan Dongzhai Harbor National Nature Reserve, Haikou, 571129, China
| | - Norman C Duke
- Trop WATER, James Cook University, Townsville, Quennsland, Australia
| | - Renchao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Suhua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Pedrosa JAM, Cocchiararo B, Bordalo MD, Rodrigues ACM, Soares AMVM, Barata C, Nowak C, Pestana JLT. The role of genetic diversity and past-history selection pressures in the susceptibility of Chironomus riparius populations to environmental stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 576:807-816. [PMID: 27810765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural populations experiencing intense selection and genetic drift may exhibit limited potential to adapt to environmental change. The present study addresses the following aspects of the "genetic erosion" hypothesis in the midge Chironomus riparius: does long-term mercury (Hg) contamination affect the Hg tolerance of midge populations inhabiting such impacted areas? If so, is there any fitness cost under changing environmental conditions? And does genetic impoverishment influence the susceptibility of C. riparius to cope with environmental stressful conditions? For this end, we tested the acute and chronic tolerance to Hg and salinity in four C. riparius populations differing in their levels of genetic diversity (assessed through microsatellite markers) and past-histories of Hg exposure. Results showed that the midge population collected from a heavily Hg-contaminated site had higher Hg tolerance compared to the population collected from a closely-located reference site suggesting directional selection for Hg-tolerant traits in its native environment despite no genetic erosion in the field. No increased susceptibility under changing environmental conditions of salinity stress was observed. Moreover, results also showed that populations with higher genetic diversity performed better in the partial life-cycle assays providing evidence on the key role that genetic diversity plays as mediator of populations' susceptibility to environmental stress. Our findings are discussed in terms of the suitability of C. riparius as a model organism in evolutionary toxicology studies as well as the validity of ecotoxicological assessments using genetically eroded laboratory populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João A M Pedrosa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Berardino Cocchiararo
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Maria D Bordalo
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia C M Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carsten Nowak
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - João L T Pestana
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Carvalho CDS, Ballesteros-Mejia L, Ribeiro MC, Côrtes MC, Santos AS, Collevatti RG. Climatic stability and contemporary human impacts affect the genetic diversity and conservation status of a tropical palm in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. CONSERV GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
221
|
Ikeda DH, Max TL, Allan GJ, Lau MK, Shuster SM, Whitham TG. Genetically informed ecological niche models improve climate change predictions. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2017; 23:164-176. [PMID: 27543682 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We examined the hypothesis that ecological niche models (ENMs) more accurately predict species distributions when they incorporate information on population genetic structure, and concomitantly, local adaptation. Local adaptation is common in species that span a range of environmental gradients (e.g., soils and climate). Moreover, common garden studies have demonstrated a covariance between neutral markers and functional traits associated with a species' ability to adapt to environmental change. We therefore predicted that genetically distinct populations would respond differently to climate change, resulting in predicted distributions with little overlap. To test whether genetic information improves our ability to predict a species' niche space, we created genetically informed ecological niche models (gENMs) using Populus fremontii (Salicaceae), a widespread tree species in which prior common garden experiments demonstrate strong evidence for local adaptation. Four major findings emerged: (i) gENMs predicted population occurrences with up to 12-fold greater accuracy than models without genetic information; (ii) tests of niche similarity revealed that three ecotypes, identified on the basis of neutral genetic markers and locally adapted populations, are associated with differences in climate; (iii) our forecasts indicate that ongoing climate change will likely shift these ecotypes further apart in geographic space, resulting in greater niche divergence; (iv) ecotypes that currently exhibit the largest geographic distribution and niche breadth appear to be buffered the most from climate change. As diverse agents of selection shape genetic variability and structure within species, we argue that gENMs will lead to more accurate predictions of species distributions under climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana H Ikeda
- Department of Biological Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
- Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Tamara L Max
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Gerard J Allan
- Department of Biological Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Matthew K Lau
- Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA, 01366, USA
| | - Stephen M Shuster
- Department of Biological Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Thomas G Whitham
- Department of Biological Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
- Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Limited Dispersal and Significant Fine - Scale Genetic Structure in a Tropical Montane Parrot Species. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0169165. [PMID: 28033364 PMCID: PMC5199109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical montane ecosystems are biodiversity hotspots harbouring many endemics that are confined to specific habitat types within narrow altitudinal ranges. While deforestation put these ecosystems under threat, we still lack knowledge about how heterogeneous environments like the montane tropics promote population connectivity and persistence. We investigated the fine-scale genetic structure of the two largest subpopulations of the endangered El Oro parakeet (Pyrrhura orcesi) endemic to the Ecuadorian Andes. Specifically, we assessed the genetic divergence between three sites separated by small geographic distances but characterized by a heterogeneous habitat structure. Although geographical distances between sites are small (3-17 km), we found genetic differentiation between all sites. Even though dispersal capacity is generally high in parrots, our findings indicate that dispersal is limited even on this small geographic scale. Individual genotype assignment revealed similar genetic divergence across a valley (~ 3 km distance) compared to a continuous mountain range (~ 13 km distance). Our findings suggest that geographic barriers promote genetic divergence even on small spatial scales in this endangered endemic species. These results may have important implications for many other threatened and endemic species, particularly given the upslope shift of species predicted from climate change.
Collapse
|
223
|
Kjer K, Borowiec ML, Frandsen PB, Ware J, Wiegmann BM. Advances using molecular data in insect systematics. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 18:40-47. [PMID: 27939709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The size of molecular datasets has been growing exponentially since the mid 1980s, and new technologies have now dramatically increased the slope of this increase. New datasets include genomes, transcriptomes, and hybrid capture data, producing hundreds or thousands of loci. With these datasets, we are approaching a consensus on the higher level insect phylogeny. Huge datasets can produce new challenges in interpreting branch support, and new opportunities in developing better models and more sophisticated partitioning schemes. Dating analyses are improving as we recognize the importance of careful fossil calibration selection. With thousands of genes now available, coalescent methods have come of age. Barcode libraries continue to expand, and new methods are being developed for incorporating them into phylogenies with tens of thousands of individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kjer
- Rutgers University, Department of Biological Sciences, 415 Boyden Hall, Newark, NJ 07012, USA
| | - Marek L Borowiec
- University of Rochester, 226 Hutchison Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Paul B Frandsen
- Smithsonian Institution, Office of Research Information Services, Office of the Chief Information Officer, Washington, D.C. 20024, USA
| | - Jessica Ware
- Rutgers University, Department of Biological Sciences, 415 Boyden Hall, Newark, NJ 07012, USA
| | - Brian M Wiegmann
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Harris LN, Palstra FP, Bajno R, Gallagher CP, Howland KL, Taylor EB, Reist JD. Assessing conservation risks to populations of an anadromous Arctic salmonid, the northern Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma malma), via estimates of effective and census population sizes and approximate Bayesian computation. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
225
|
Casazza G, Grassi F, Zecca G, Minuto L. Phylogeographic Insights into a Peripheral Refugium: The Importance of Cumulative Effect of Glaciation on the Genetic Structure of Two Endemic Plants. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166983. [PMID: 27870888 PMCID: PMC5117763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quaternary glaciations and mostly last glacial maximum have shaped the contemporary distribution of many species in the Alps. However, in the Maritime and Ligurian Alps a more complex picture is suggested by the presence of many Tertiary paleoendemisms and by the divergence time between lineages in one endemic species predating the Late Pleistocene glaciation. The low number of endemic species studied limits the understanding of the processes that took place within this region. We used species distribution models and phylogeographical methods to infer glacial refugia and to reconstruct the phylogeographical pattern of Silene cordifolia All. and Viola argenteria Moraldo & Forneris. The predicted suitable area for last glacial maximum roughly fitted current known distribution. Our results suggest that separation of the major clades predates the last glacial maximum and the following repeated glacial and interglacial periods probably drove differentiations. The complex phylogeographical pattern observed in the study species suggests that both populations and genotypes extinction was minimal during the last glacial maximum, probably due to the low impact of glaciations and to topographic complexity in this area. This study underlines the importance of cumulative effect of previous glacial cycles in shaping the genetic structure of plant species in Maritime and Ligurian Alps, as expected for a Mediterranean mountain region more than for an Alpine region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Casazza
- DISTAV, Università degli studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Fabrizio Grassi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli studi di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zecca
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Minuto
- DISTAV, Università degli studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Broadhurst L, Breed M, Lowe A, Bragg J, Catullo R, Coates D, Encinas-Viso F, Gellie N, James E, Krauss S, Potts B, Rossetto M, Shepherd M, Byrne M. Genetic diversity and structure of the Australian flora. DIVERS DISTRIB 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Broadhurst
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research; CSIRO National Research Collections Australia; PO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Martin Breed
- Environment Institute; School of Biological Sciences; University of Adelaide; North Terrace SA 5005 Australia
| | - Andrew Lowe
- Environment Institute; School of Biological Sciences; University of Adelaide; North Terrace SA 5005 Australia
| | - Jason Bragg
- National Herbarium of NSW; Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust; Mrs Macquaries Road Sydney NSW 2000 Australia
| | - Renee Catullo
- School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Sydney NSW 2751 Australia
| | - David Coates
- Science and Conservation Division; Department of Parks and Wildlife; Locked Bag 104 Bentley Delivery Centre Perth WA 6983 Australia
| | - Francisco Encinas-Viso
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research; CSIRO National Research Collections Australia; PO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Nick Gellie
- Environment Institute; School of Biological Sciences; University of Adelaide; North Terrace SA 5005 Australia
| | - Elizabeth James
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria; Private Bag 2000 Melbourne Vic. 3141 Australia
| | - Siegfried Krauss
- Science Directorate, Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority; Fraser Avenue West Perth WA 6005 Australia
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6907 Australia
| | - Brad Potts
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Tasmania; Hobart Tas. 7001 Australia
| | - Maurizio Rossetto
- National Herbarium of NSW; Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust; Mrs Macquaries Road Sydney NSW 2000 Australia
| | - Mervyn Shepherd
- Southern Cross Plant Science; Southern Cross University; Lismore NSW 2480 Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Science and Conservation Division; Department of Parks and Wildlife; Locked Bag 104 Bentley Delivery Centre Perth WA 6983 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
|
228
|
Brauer CJ, Hammer MP, Beheregaray LB. Riverscape genomics of a threatened fish across a hydroclimatically heterogeneous river basin. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:5093-5113. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris J. Brauer
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory School of Biological Sciences Flinders University Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Michael P. Hammer
- Natural Sciences, Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory Darwin NT 0801 Australia
| | - Luciano B. Beheregaray
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory School of Biological Sciences Flinders University Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Sridhar J, Chinna Babu Naik V, Ghodke A, Kranthi S, Kranthi KR, Singh BP, Choudhary JS, Krishna MSR. Population genetic structure of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequences from India. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 28:941-948. [PMID: 27607604 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2016.1214727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella is one of the most destructive pest's globally inflicting huge economic losses in cotton even during later stages of crop growth. In the present investigation, the population genetic structure, distribution, and genetic diversity of P. gossypiella in cotton growing zones of India using partial mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase-I (COI) gene was addressed. The overall haplotype (Hd), number of nucleotide differences (K), and nucleotide diversity (π) were 0.3028, 0.327, and 0.00047, respectively which suggest that entire population exhibited low level of genetic diversity. Zone-wise clustering of population revealed that central zone recorded low level of Hd (0.2730) as compared to north (0.3619) and south (0.3028) zones. The most common haplotype (H1) reported in all 19 locations could be proposed as ancestral/original haplotype. This haplotype with one mutational step formed star-like phylogeny connected with 11 other haplotypes. The phylogenetic relationship studies revealed that most haplotypes of populations are closely related to each other. Haplotype 5 was exclusively present in Dharwad (South zone) shared with populations of Hanumangarh and Bathinda (North zone). The result indicated that there is no isolation by distance effect among the Indian populations of PBW. The present study reports a low genetic diversity among PBW populations of India and H1, as ancestral haplotype from which other haplotypes have evolved suggests that the migration and dispersal over long distance and invasiveness are major factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Sridhar
- a Division of Plant Protection , ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - V Chinna Babu Naik
- b Division of Crop Protection , ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - A Ghodke
- b Division of Crop Protection , ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - S Kranthi
- b Division of Crop Protection , ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - K R Kranthi
- b Division of Crop Protection , ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - B P Singh
- a Division of Plant Protection , ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute , Shimla , Himachal Pradesh , India
| | - J S Choudhary
- c Division of Entomology, ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Research Centre , Plandu Ranchi , Jharkhand , India
| | - M S R Krishna
- d Department of Biotechnology , KL University , Guntur , Andhra Pradesh , India
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Huang CC, Hsu TW, Wang HV, Liu ZH, Chen YY, Chiu CT, Huang CL, Hung KH, Chiang TY. Multilocus Analyses Reveal Postglacial Demographic Shrinkage of Juniperus morrisonicola (Cupressaceae), a Dominant Alpine Species in Taiwan. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161713. [PMID: 27561108 PMCID: PMC4999204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Postglacial climate changes alter geographical distributions and diversity of species. Such ongoing changes often force species to migrate along the latitude/altitude. Altitudinal gradients represent assemblage of environmental, especially climatic, variable factors that influence the plant distributions. Global warming that triggered upward migrations has therefore impacted the alpine plants on an island. In this study, we examined the genetic structure of Juniperus morrisonicola, a dominant alpine species in Taiwan, and inferred historical, demographic dynamics based on multilocus analyses. Lower levels of genetic diversity in north indicated that populations at higher latitudes were vulnerable to climate change, possibly related to historical alpine glaciers. Neither organellar DNA nor nuclear genes displayed geographical subdivisions, indicating that populations were likely interconnected before migrating upward to isolated mountain peaks, providing low possibilities of seed/pollen dispersal across mountain ranges. Bayesian skyline plots suggested steady population growth of J. morrisonicola followed by recent demographic contraction. In contrast, most lower-elevation plants experienced recent demographic expansion as a result of global warming. The endemic alpine conifer may have experienced dramatic climate changes over the alternation of glacial and interglacial periods, as indicated by a trend showing decreasing genetic diversity with the altitudinal gradient, plus a fact of upward migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsai-Wen Hsu
- Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ven Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zin-Huang Liu
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yen Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Te Chiu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Li Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsiang Hung
- Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Tzen-Yuh Chiang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Faye A, Deblauwe V, Mariac C, Richard D, Sonké B, Vigouroux Y, Couvreur TLP. Phylogeography of the genus Podococcus (Palmae/Arecaceae) in Central African rain forests: Climate stability predicts unique genetic diversity. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 105:126-138. [PMID: 27521478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tropical rain forests of Central Africa contain high levels of species diversity. Paleovegetation or biodiversity patterns suggested successive contraction/expansion phases on this rain forest cover during the last glacial maximum (LGM). Consequently, the hypothesis of the existence of refugia e.g. habitat stability that harbored populations during adverse climatic periods has been proposed. Understory species are tightly associated to forest cover and consequently are ideal markers of forest dynamics. Here, we used two central African rain forest understory species of the palm genus, Podococcus, to assess the role of past climate variation on their distribution and genetic diversity. Species distribution modeling in the present and at the LGM was used to estimate areas of climatic stability. Genetic diversity and phylogeography were estimated by sequencing near complete plastomes for over 120 individuals. Areas of climatic stability were mainly located in mountainous areas like the Monts de Cristal and Monts Doudou in Gabon, but also lowland coastal forests in southeast Cameroon and northeast Gabon. Genetic diversity analyses shows a clear North-South structure of genetic diversity within one species. This divide was estimated to have originated some 500,000years ago. We show that, in Central Africa, high and unique genetic diversity is strongly correlated with inferred areas of climatic stability since the LGM. Our results further highlight the importance of coastal lowland rain forests in Central Africa as harboring not only high species diversity but also important high levels of unique genetic diversity. In the context of strong human pressure on coastal land use and destruction, such unique diversity hotspots need to be considered in future conservation planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Faye
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Université de Yaoundé I, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et d'Ecologie, B.P. 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - V Deblauwe
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Université de Yaoundé I, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et d'Ecologie, B.P. 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - C Mariac
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - D Richard
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - B Sonké
- Université de Yaoundé I, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et d'Ecologie, B.P. 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Y Vigouroux
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - T L P Couvreur
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Université de Yaoundé I, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et d'Ecologie, B.P. 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany Section, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
232
|
Jordan S, Giersch JJ, Muhlfeld CC, Hotaling S, Fanning L, Tappenbeck TH, Luikart G. Loss of Genetic Diversity and Increased Subdivision in an Endemic Alpine Stonefly Threatened by Climate Change. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157386. [PMID: 27348125 PMCID: PMC4922825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Much remains unknown about the genetic status and population connectivity of high-elevation and high-latitude freshwater invertebrates, which often persist near snow and ice masses that are disappearing due to climate change. Here we report on the conservation genetics of the meltwater stonefly Lednia tumana (Ricker) of Montana, USA, a cold-water obligate species. We sequenced 1530 bp of mtDNA from 116 L. tumana individuals representing "historic" (>10 yr old) and 2010 populations. The dominant haplotype was common in both time periods, while the second-most-common haplotype was found only in historic samples, having been lost in the interim. The 2010 populations also showed reduced gene and nucleotide diversity and increased genetic isolation. We found lower genetic diversity in L. tumana compared to two other North American stonefly species, Amphinemura linda (Ricker) and Pteronarcys californica Newport. Our results imply small effective sizes, increased fragmentation, limited gene flow, and loss of genetic variation among contemporary L. tumana populations, which can lead to reduced adaptive capacity and increased extinction risk. This study reinforces concerns that ongoing glacier loss threatens the persistence of L. tumana, and provides baseline data and analysis of how future environmental change could impact populations of similar organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Jordan
- Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - J. Joseph Giersch
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, Montana, United States of America
| | - Clint C. Muhlfeld
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, Montana, United States of America
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Montana Conservation Genomics Laboratory, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, Montana, United States of America
| | - Scott Hotaling
- University of Kentucky, Department of Biology, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Liz Fanning
- Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tyler H. Tappenbeck
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Montana Conservation Genomics Laboratory, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, Montana, United States of America
| | - Gordon Luikart
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, Montana Conservation Genomics Laboratory, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, Montana, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
233
|
Ribeiro V, Werneck FP, Machado RB. Distribution dynamics of South American savanna birds in response to Quaternary climate change. AUSTRAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Ribeiro
- Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade de Brasília; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Fernanda P. Werneck
- Programa de Coleções Científicas Biológicas; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus Amazonas, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
234
|
Gutiérrez-Tapia P, Palma RE. Integrating phylogeography and species distribution models: cryptic distributional responses to past climate change in an endemic rodent from the central Chile hotspot. DIVERS DISTRIB 2016; 22:638-650. [PMID: 27453686 PMCID: PMC4950956 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Biodiversity losses under the species level may have been severely underestimated in future global climate change scenarios. Therefore, it is important to characterize the diversity units at this level, as well as to understand their ecological responses to climatic forcings. We have chosen an endemic rodent from a highly endangered ecogeographic area as a model to look for distributional responses below the species level: Phyllotis darwini. LOCATION The central Chile biodiversity hotspot: This area harbours a high number of endemic species, and it is known to have experienced vegetational displacements between two mountain systems during and after the Last Glacial Maximum. METHODS We have characterized cryptic lineages inside P. darwini in a classic phylogeographic approach; those intraspecific lineages were considered as relevant units to construct distribution models at Last Glacial Maximum and at present, as border climatic conditions. Differences in distribution between border conditions for each lineage were interpreted as distributional responses to post-glacial climate change. RESULTS The species is composed of two major phylogroups: one of them has a broad distribution mainly across the valley but also in mountain ranges, whereas the other displays a disjunct distribution across both mountain ranges and always above 1500 m. The lineage distribution model under LGM climatic conditions suggests that both lineages were co-distributed in the southern portion of P. darwini's current geographic range, mainly at the valley and at the coast. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Present distribution of lineages in P. darwini is the consequence of a cryptic distributional response to climate change after LGM: postglacial northward colonization, with strict altitudinal segregation of both phylogroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gutiérrez-Tapia
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| | - R Eduardo Palma
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Boissin E, Micu D, Janczyszyn-Le Goff M, Neglia V, Bat L, Todorova V, Panayotova M, Kruschel C, Macic V, Milchakova N, Keskin Ç, Anastasopoulou A, Nasto I, Zane L, Planes S. Contemporary genetic structure and postglacial demographic history of the black scorpionfish, Scorpaena porcus, in the Mediterranean and the Black Seas. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:2195-209. [PMID: 26989881 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the distribution of genetic diversity in the light of past demographic events linked with climatic shifts will help to forecast evolutionary trajectories of ecosystems within the current context of climate change. In this study, mitochondrial sequences and microsatellite loci were analysed using traditional population genetic approaches together with Bayesian dating and the more recent approximate Bayesian computation scenario testing. The genetic structure and demographic history of a commercial fish, the black scorpionfish, Scorpaena porcus, was investigated throughout the Mediterranean and Black Seas. The results suggest that the species recently underwent population expansions, in both seas, likely concomitant with the warming period following the Last Glacial Maximum, 20 000 years ago. A weak contemporaneous genetic differentiation was identified between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. However, the genetic diversity was similar for populations of the two seas, suggesting a high number of colonizers entered the Black Sea during the interglacial period and/or the presence of a refugial population in the Black Sea during the glacial period. Finally, within seas, an east/west genetic differentiation in the Adriatic seems to prevail, whereas the Black Sea does not show any structured spatial genetic pattern of its population. Overall, these results suggest that the Black Sea is not that isolated from the Mediterranean, and both seas revealed similar evolutionary patterns related to climate change and changes in sea level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Boissin
- EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Perpignan, F-66360, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, Polynésie Française
| | - D Micu
- National Institute of Marine Research and Development, Grigore Antipa, Constanta, 900581, Romania
| | - M Janczyszyn-Le Goff
- EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Perpignan, F-66360, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, Polynésie Française
| | - V Neglia
- EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Perpignan, F-66360, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, Polynésie Française
| | - L Bat
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries, Sinop University, Sinop, TR57000, Turkey
| | - V Todorova
- IO-BAS - Institute of Oceanology, PO Box 152, Varna, 9000, Bulgaria
| | - M Panayotova
- IO-BAS - Institute of Oceanology, PO Box 152, Varna, 9000, Bulgaria
| | - C Kruschel
- University of Zadar, Ul. Mihovila Pavlinovića, Zadar, 23000, Croatia
| | - V Macic
- Institute of Marine Biology Kotor (IBMK), Dobrota bb, PO Box 69, Kotor, 85330, Montenegro
| | - N Milchakova
- Institute of Marine Biological Research (IMBR), 2 Nakhimov ave., Sevastopol, 299011, Russia
| | - Ç Keskin
- Faculty of Fisheries, Istanbul University, Ordu St 200, Istanbul, TR-34470, Turkey
| | - A Anastasopoulou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athinon-Souniou Av., Anavyssos, 19013, Greece
| | - I Nasto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Vlora University, Vlora, 9401, Albania
| | - L Zane
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi/58B, Padova, I-35121, Italy
| | - S Planes
- EPHE, PSL Research University, UPVD, CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Perpignan, F-66360, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, Polynésie Française
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Gibert JP, Chelini MC, Rosenthal MF, DeLong JP. Crossing regimes of temperature dependence in animal movement. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:1722-36. [PMID: 26854767 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A pressing challenge in ecology is to understand the effects of changing global temperatures on food web structure and dynamics. The stability of these complex ecological networks largely depends on how predator-prey interactions may respond to temperature changes. Because predators and prey rely on their velocities to catch food or avoid being eaten, understanding how temperatures may affect animal movement is central to this quest. Despite our efforts, we still lack a mechanistic understanding of how the effect of temperature on metabolic processes scales up to animal movement and beyond. Here, we merge a biomechanical approach, the Metabolic Theory of Ecology and empirical data to show that animal movement displays multiple regimes of temperature dependence. We also show that crossing these regimes has important consequences for population dynamics and stability, which depend on the parameters controlling predator-prey interactions. We argue that this dependence upon interaction parameters may help explain why experimental work on the temperature dependence of interaction strengths has so far yielded conflicting results. More importantly, these changes in the temperature dependence of animal movement can have consequences that go well beyond ecological interactions and affect, for example, animal communication, mating, sensory detection, and any behavioral modality dependent on the movement of limbs. Finally, by not taking into account the changes in temperature dependence reported here we might not be able to properly forecast the impact of global warming on ecological processes and propose appropriate mitigation action when needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean P Gibert
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Marie-Claire Chelini
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Malcolm F Rosenthal
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - John P DeLong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Aires T, Serrão EA, Engelen AH. Host and Environmental Specificity in Bacterial Communities Associated to Two Highly Invasive Marine Species (Genus Asparagopsis). Front Microbiol 2016; 7:559. [PMID: 27148239 PMCID: PMC4839258 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As habitats change due to global and local pressures, population resilience, and adaptive processes depend not only on their gene pools but also on their associated bacteria communities. The hologenome can play a determinant role in adaptive evolution of higher organisms that rely on their bacterial associates for vital processes. In this study, we focus on the associated bacteria of the two most invasive seaweeds in southwest Iberia (coastal mainland) and nearby offshore Atlantic islands, Asparagopsis taxiformis and Asparagopsis armata. Bacterial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA barcoding through 454 next generation sequencing and exploratory shotgun metagenomics to provide functional insights and a backbone for future functional studies. The bacterial community composition was clearly different between the two species A. taxiformis and A. armata and between continental and island habitats. The latter was mainly due to higher abundances of Acidimicrobiales, Sphingomonadales, Xanthomonadales, Myxococcales, and Alteromonadales on the continent. Metabolic assignments for these groups contained a higher number of reads in functions related to oxidative stress and resistance to toxic compounds, more precisely heavy metals. These results are in agreement with their usual association with hydrocarbon degradation and heavy-metals detoxification. In contrast, A. taxiformis from islands contained more bacteria related to oligotrophic environments which might putatively play a role in mineralization of dissolved organic matter. The higher number of functional assignments found in the metagenomes of A. taxiformis collected from Cape Verde Islands suggest a higher contribution of bacteria to compensate nutrient limitation in oligotrophic environments. Our results show that Asparagopsis-associated bacterial communities have host-specificity and are modulated by environmental conditions. Whether this environmental effect reflects the host's selective requirements or the locally available bacteria remains to be addressed. However, the known functional capacities of these bacterial communities indicate their potential for eco-physiological functions that could be valuable for the host fitness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Aires
- Centro de Ciências do Mar-CIMAR, Universidade do Algarve Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester A Serrão
- Centro de Ciências do Mar-CIMAR, Universidade do Algarve Faro, Portugal
| | - Aschwin H Engelen
- Centro de Ciências do Mar-CIMAR, Universidade do Algarve Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
238
|
Distribution and population genetic variation of cryptic species of the Alpine mayfly Baetis alpinus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in the Central Alps. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:77. [PMID: 27068234 PMCID: PMC4828801 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many species contain evolutionarily distinct groups that are genetically highly differentiated but morphologically difficult to distinguish (i.e., cryptic species). The presence of cryptic species poses significant challenges for the accurate assessment of biodiversity and, if unrecognized, may lead to erroneous inferences in many fields of biological research and conservation. RESULTS We tested for cryptic genetic variation within the broadly distributed alpine mayfly Baetis alpinus across several major European drainages in the central Alps. Bayesian clustering and multivariate analyses of nuclear microsatellite loci, combined with phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial DNA, were used to assess population genetic structure and diversity. We identified two genetically highly differentiated lineages (A and B) that had no obvious differences in regional distribution patterns, and occurred in local sympatry. Furthermore, the two lineages differed in relative abundance, overall levels of genetic diversity as well as patterns of population structure: lineage A was abundant, widely distributed and had a higher level of genetic variation, whereas lineage B was less abundant, more prevalent in spring-fed tributaries than glacier-fed streams and restricted to high elevations. Subsequent morphological analyses revealed that traits previously acknowledged as intraspecific variation of B. alpinus in fact segregated these two lineages. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings indicate that even common and apparently ecologically well-studied species may consist of reproductively isolated units, with distinct evolutionary histories and likely different ecology and evolutionary potential. These findings emphasize the need to investigate hidden diversity even in well-known species to allow for appropriate assessment of biological diversity and conservation measures.
Collapse
|
239
|
Al-Janabi B, Kruse I, Graiff A, Winde V, Lenz M, Wahl M. Buffering and Amplifying Interactions among OAW (Ocean Acidification & Warming) and Nutrient Enrichment on Early Life-Stage Fucus vesiculosus L. (Phaeophyceae) and Their Carry Over Effects to Hypoxia Impact. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152948. [PMID: 27043710 PMCID: PMC4820272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification and warming (OAW) are occurring globally. Additionally, at a more local scale the spreading of hypoxic conditions is promoted by eutrophication and warming. In the semi-enclosed brackish Baltic Sea, occasional upwelling in late summer and autumn may expose even shallow-water communities including the macroalga Fucus vesiculosus to particularly acidified, nutrient-rich and oxygen-poor water bodies. During summer 2014 (July-September) sibling groups of early life-stage F. vesiculosus were exposed to OAW in the presence and absence of enhanced nutrient levels and, subsequently to a single upwelling event in a near-natural scenario which included all environmental fluctuations in the Kiel Fjord, southwestern Baltic Sea, Germany (54°27 ´N, 10°11 ´W). We strove to elucidate the single and combined impacts of these potential stressors, and how stress sensitivity varies among genetically different sibling groups. Enhanced by a circumstantial natural heat wave, warming and acidification increased mortalities and reduced growth in F. vesiculosus germlings. This impact, however, was mitigated by enhanced nutrient conditions. Survival under OAW conditions strongly varied among sibling groups hinting at a substantial adaptive potential of the natural Fucus populations in the Western Baltic. A three-day experimental upwelling caused severe mortality of Fucus germlings, which was substantially more severe in those sibling groups which previously had been exposed to OAW. Our results show that global (OAW), regional (nutrient enrichment) and local pressures (upwelling), both alone and co-occurring may have synergistic and antagonistic effects on survival and/or growth of Fucus germlings. This result emphasizes the need to consider combined stress effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balsam Al-Janabi
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Benthic Ecology Group, Kiel, Germany
| | - Inken Kruse
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Benthic Ecology Group, Kiel, Germany
| | - Angelika Graiff
- University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology, Rostock, Germany
| | - Vera Winde
- Leibniz Institute of Baltic Sea Research, Geochemistry & Isotope Biogeochemistry Group, Department of Marine Geology, Warnemünde, Germany
| | - Mark Lenz
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Benthic Ecology Group, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Wahl
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Benthic Ecology Group, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Blanco-Bercial L, Bucklin A. New view of population genetics of zooplankton: RAD-seq analysis reveals population structure of the North Atlantic planktonic copepod Centropages typicus. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:1566-80. [PMID: 26857348 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Detection of population genetic structure of zooplankton at medium-to-small spatial scales in the absence of physical barriers has remained challenging and controversial. The large population sizes and high rates of gene flow characteristic of zooplankton have made resolution of geographical differentiation very difficult, especially when using few genetic markers and assuming equilibrium conditions. Next-generation sequencing now allows simultaneous sampling of hundreds to thousands of genetic markers; new analytical approaches allow studies under nonequilibrium conditions and directional migration. Samples of the North Atlantic Ocean planktonic copepod, Centropages typicus, were analysed using restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing on a PROTON platform. Although prior studies revealed no genetic differentiation of populations across the geographical range of the species, analysis of RAD tags showed significant structure across the North Atlantic Ocean. We also compared the likelihood for models of connectivity among NW Atlantic populations under various directional flow scenarios that replicate oceanographic conditions of the sampled domain. High-density marker sampling with RAD sequencing markedly outperformed other technical and analytical approaches in detection of population genetic structure and characterization of connectivity of this high geneflow zooplankton species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Blanco-Bercial
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT, 06340, USA.,Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, 17 Biological Station, St. George's, GE 01, Bermuda
| | - A Bucklin
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Drastic underestimation of amphipod biodiversity in the endangered Irano-Anatolian and Caucasus biodiversity hotspots. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22507. [PMID: 26928527 PMCID: PMC4772388 DOI: 10.1038/srep22507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity hotspots are centers of biological diversity and particularly threatened by anthropogenic activities. Their true magnitude of species diversity and endemism, however, is still largely unknown as species diversity is traditionally assessed using morphological descriptions only, thereby ignoring cryptic species. This directly limits evidence-based monitoring and management strategies. Here we used molecular species delimitation methods to quantify cryptic diversity of the montane amphipods in the Irano-Anatolian and Caucasus biodiversity hotspots. Amphipods are ecosystem engineers in rivers and lakes. Species diversity was assessed by analysing two genetic markers (mitochondrial COI and nuclear 28S rDNA), compared with morphological assignments. Our results unambiguously demonstrate that species diversity and endemism is dramatically underestimated, with 42 genetically identified freshwater species in only five reported morphospecies. Over 90% of the newly recovered species cluster inside Gammarus komareki and G. lacustris; 69% of the recovered species comprise narrow range endemics. Amphipod biodiversity is drastically underestimated for the studied regions. Thus, the risk of biodiversity loss is significantly greater than currently inferred as most endangered species remain unrecognized and/or are only found locally. Integrative application of genetic assessments in monitoring programs will help to understand the true magnitude of biodiversity and accurately evaluate its threat status.
Collapse
|
242
|
Marcer A, Méndez-Vigo B, Alonso-Blanco C, Picó FX. Tackling intraspecific genetic structure in distribution models better reflects species geographical range. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:2084-97. [PMID: 27066224 PMCID: PMC4768750 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity provides insight into heterogeneous demographic and adaptive history across organisms' distribution ranges. For this reason, decomposing single species into genetic units may represent a powerful tool to better understand biogeographical patterns as well as improve predictions of the effects of GCC (global climate change) on biodiversity loss. Using 279 georeferenced Iberian accessions, we used classes of three intraspecific genetic units of the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana obtained from the genetic analyses of nuclear SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), chloroplast SNPs, and the vernalization requirement for flowering. We used SDM (species distribution models), including climate, vegetation, and soil data, at the whole-species and genetic-unit levels. We compared model outputs for present environmental conditions and with a particularly severe GCC scenario. SDM accuracy was high for genetic units with smaller distribution ranges. Kernel density plots identified the environmental variables underpinning potential distribution ranges of genetic units. Combinations of environmental variables accounted for potential distribution ranges of genetic units, which shrank dramatically with GCC at almost all levels. Only two genetic clusters increased their potential distribution ranges with GCC. The application of SDM to intraspecific genetic units provides a detailed picture on the biogeographical patterns of distinct genetic groups based on different genetic criteria. Our approach also allowed us to pinpoint the genetic changes, in terms of genetic background and physiological requirements for flowering, that Iberian A. thaliana may experience with a GCC scenario applying SDM to intraspecific genetic units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnald Marcer
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Spain; Univ Autònoma de Barcelona Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Spain
| | - Belén Méndez-Vigo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso-Blanco
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - F Xavier Picó
- Departamento de Ecología Integrativa Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 41092 Sevilla Spain
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Klütsch CFC, Manseau M, Trim V, Polfus J, Wilson PJ. The eastern migratory caribou: the role of genetic introgression in ecotype evolution. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:150469. [PMID: 26998320 PMCID: PMC4785971 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary history of contemporary animal groups is essential for conservation and management of endangered species like caribou (Rangifer tarandus). In central Canada, the ranges of two caribou subspecies (barren-ground/woodland caribou) and two woodland caribou ecotypes (boreal/eastern migratory) overlap. Our objectives were to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the eastern migratory ecotype and to assess the potential role of introgression in ecotype evolution. STRUCTURE analyses identified five higher order groups (i.e. three boreal caribou populations, eastern migratory ecotype and barren-ground). The evolutionary history of the eastern migratory ecotype was best explained by an early genetic introgression from barren-ground into a woodland caribou lineage during the Late Pleistocene and subsequent divergence of the eastern migratory ecotype during the Holocene. These results are consistent with the retreat of the Laurentide ice sheet and the colonization of the Hudson Bay coastal areas subsequent to the establishment of forest tundra vegetation approximately 7000 years ago. This historical reconstruction of the eastern migratory ecotype further supports its current classification as a conservation unit, specifically a Designatable Unit, under Canada's Species at Risk Act. These findings have implications for other sub-specific contact zones for caribou and other North American species in conservation unit delineation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Micheline Manseau
- Protected Areas Establishment and Conservation Directorate, Parks Canada, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada J8X 0B3
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Vicki Trim
- Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship, PO Box 28, 59 Elizabeth Drive, Thompson, Manitoba, Canada R8N 1X4
| | - Jean Polfus
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Paul J. Wilson
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Hamilton JA, Miller JM. Adaptive introgression as a resource for management and genetic conservation in a changing climate. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2016; 30:33-41. [PMID: 26096581 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Current rates of climate change require organisms to respond through migration, phenotypic plasticity, or genetic changes via adaptation. We focused on questions regarding species' and populations' ability to respond to climate change through adaptation. Specifically, the role adaptive introgression, movement of genetic material from the genome of 1 species into the genome of another through repeated interbreeding, may play in increasing species' ability to respond to a changing climate. Such interspecific gene flow may mediate extinction risk or consequences of limited adaptive potential that result from standing genetic variation and mutation alone, enabling a quicker demographic recovery in response to changing environments. Despite the near dismissal of the potential benefits of hybridization by conservation practitioners, we examined a number of case studies across different taxa that suggest gene flow between sympatric or parapatric sister species or within species that exhibit strong ecotypic differentiation may represent an underutilized management option to conserve evolutionary potential in a changing environment. This will be particularly true where advanced-generation hybrids exhibit adaptive traits outside the parental phenotypic range, a phenomenon known as transgressive segregation. The ideas presented in this essay are meant to provoke discussion regarding how we maintain evolutionary potential, the conservation value of natural hybrid zones, and consideration of their important role in adaptation to climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Hamilton
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, U.S.A..
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, U.S.A..
| | - Joshua M Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Brito JC, Tarroso P, Vale CG, Martínez-Freiría F, Boratyński Z, Campos JC, Ferreira S, Godinho R, Gonçalves DV, Leite JV, Lima VO, Pereira P, Santos X, da Silva MJF, Silva TL, Velo-Antón G, Veríssimo J, Crochet PA, Pleguezuelos JM, Carvalho SB. Conservation Biogeography of the Sahara-Sahel: additional protected areas are needed to secure unique biodiversity. DIVERS DISTRIB 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José C. Brito
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Pedro Tarroso
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Cândida G. Vale
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Fernando Martínez-Freiría
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Zbyszek Boratyński
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - João C. Campos
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Sónia Ferreira
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Raquel Godinho
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Duarte V. Gonçalves
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - João V. Leite
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Vanessa O. Lima
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Paulo Pereira
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Xavier Santos
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Maria J. Ferreira da Silva
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- ONE (Organisms and Environment); School of Biosciences; Cardiff University; The Sir Martin Evans Building Museum Avenue Cardiff CF10 3AX UK
- CAPP; School of Social and Political Sciences; Technical University of Lisbon; Rua Almerindo Lessa 1300-663 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Teresa L. Silva
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Rua Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Guillermo Velo-Antón
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Joana Veríssimo
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Pierre-André Crochet
- CNRS-UMR 5175; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; 1919 route de Mende F-34293 Montpellier-Cedex 5 France
| | - Juan M. Pleguezuelos
- Departamento de Zoología; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Granada; E-18071 Granada Spain
| | - Sílvia B. Carvalho
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; R. Padre Armando Quintas 4485-661 Vairão Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Manel S, Perrier C, Pratlong M, Abi-Rached L, Paganini J, Pontarotti P, Aurelle D. Genomic resources and their influence on the detection of the signal of positive selection in genome scans. Mol Ecol 2015; 25:170-84. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Manel
- CEFE UMR 5175; CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier -EPHE; laboratoire Biogéographie et écologie des vertébrés; 1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - C. Perrier
- CEFE UMR 5175; CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier -EPHE; laboratoire Biogéographie et écologie des vertébrés; 1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - M. Pratlong
- Aix Marseille Université; CNRS; IRD; Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263; Station Marine d'Endoume, 13007; Marseille France
- Aix Marseille Université; CNRS; Centrale Marseille; I2M UMR 7373; Evolution Biologique Modélisation; 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille Cedex Case 19 France
| | - L. Abi-Rached
- Equipe ATIP; URMITE UM 63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 Inserm U1095; IHU Méditerranée Infection; Aix-Marseille Université; 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05 France
| | - J. Paganini
- XEGEN SAS; 15 Rue de la République 13420 Gemenos France
| | - P. Pontarotti
- Aix Marseille Université; CNRS; Centrale Marseille; I2M UMR 7373; Evolution Biologique Modélisation; 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille Cedex Case 19 France
| | - D. Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Université; CNRS; IRD; Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263; Station Marine d'Endoume, 13007; Marseille France
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
Kremp A, Oja J, LeTortorec AH, Hakanen P, Tahvanainen P, Tuimala J, Suikkanen S. Diverse seed banks favour adaptation of microalgal populations to future climate conditions. Environ Microbiol 2015; 18:679-91. [PMID: 26913820 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Selection of suitable genotypes from diverse seed banks may help phytoplankton populations to cope with environmental changes. This study examines whether the high genotypic diversity found in the Baltic cyst pool of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii is coupled to phenotypic variability that could aid short-term adaptation. Growth rates, cellular toxicities and bioluminescence of 34 genetically different clones isolated from cyst beds of four Baltic bloom sites were determined in batch culture experiments along temperature and salinity gradients covering present and future conditions in the Baltic Sea. For all parameters a significant effect of genotype on the response to temperature and salinity changes was identified. General or site-specific effects of the two factors remained minor. Clones thriving at future conditions were different from the best performing at present conditions, suggesting that genotypic shifts may be expected in the future. Increased proportions of highly potent saxitoxin were observed as a plastic response to temperature increase, indicating a potential for higher toxicity of future blooms. The observed standing variation in Baltic seed banks of A. ostenfeldii suggests that the population is likely to persist under environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Kremp
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00251, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Oja
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00251, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anniina H LeTortorec
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00251, Helsinki, Finland.,Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, 10900, Hanko, Finland
| | - Päivi Hakanen
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00251, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Tahvanainen
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00251, Helsinki, Finland.,Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, 10900, Hanko, Finland
| | - Jarno Tuimala
- Finnish Tax Administration, Haapaniemenkatu 4, 00052, Vero, Finland
| | - Sanna Suikkanen
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00251, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
248
|
Breitman MF, Bonino MF, Sites JW, Avila LJ, Morando M. Morphological Variation, Niche Divergence, and Phylogeography of Lizards of the Liolaemus lineomaculatus Section (Liolaemini) from Southern Patagonia. HERPETOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1655/herpmonographs-d-14-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Florencia Breitman
- CENPAT–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de Ecosistemas Continentales, Boulevard Almirante Brown 2915, U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Marcelo F. Bonino
- INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCOMA), Laboratorio de Fotobiología, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Quintral 1250, 8400, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Jack W. Sites
- Brigham Young University, Life Sciences Building, Biology Department, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Luciano J. Avila
- CENPAT–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de Ecosistemas Continentales, Boulevard Almirante Brown 2915, U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Mariana Morando
- CENPAT–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de Ecosistemas Continentales, Boulevard Almirante Brown 2915, U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Ke F, You S, He W, Liu T, Vasseur L, Douglas CJ, You M. Genetic differentiation of the regional Plutella xylostella populations across the Taiwan Strait based on identification of microsatellite markers. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:5880-91. [PMID: 26811762 PMCID: PMC4717340 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement of individuals through events, such as storms or crop transportation, may affect survival and distribution of insect pests, as well as population genetic structure at a regional scale. Understanding what factors contribute to gene flow in pest populations remains very important for sustainable pest management. The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) is an insect pest well known for its capacity of moving over short to long distances. Here, we used newly isolated microsatellite markers to analyze the genetic structure of nine populations across the Taiwan Strait of China (Taiwan and Fujian). A total of 12,152 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were initially identified from the P. xylostella transcriptome (~94 Mb), with an average of 129 SSRs per Mb. Nine SSRs were validated to be polymorphic markers, and eight were used for this population genetic study. Our results showed that the P. xylostella populations could be divided into distinct two clusters, which is likely due to the year-round airflows in this region. A pattern of isolation by distance among the local populations within Fujian was found, and may be related to vegetable transportation. Considering the complexity of the P. xylostella population genetic structure from local and regional to global levels, we propose that developing ecologically sound strategies for managing this pest will require knowledge of the link between behavioral and population ecology and its genetic structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fushi Ke
- Institute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovative Centre for Ecological Control of Crop PestsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Shijun You
- Institute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Department of BotanyUniversity of British Columbia#3529‐6270 University BoulevardVancouverBritish ColumbiaV6T 1Z4Canada
| | - Weiyi He
- Institute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovative Centre for Ecological Control of Crop PestsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Tiansheng Liu
- Institute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovative Centre for Ecological Control of Crop PestsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Liette Vasseur
- Institute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Department of Biological SciencesBrock University500 Glenridge AvenueSt. CatharinesOntarioL2S 3A1Canada
| | - Carl J. Douglas
- Institute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Department of BotanyUniversity of British Columbia#3529‐6270 University BoulevardVancouverBritish ColumbiaV6T 1Z4Canada
| | - Minsheng You
- Institute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovative Centre for Ecological Control of Crop PestsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Côte J, Bouétard A, Pronost Y, Besnard AL, Coke M, Piquet F, Caquet T, Coutellec MA. Genetic variation of Lymnaea stagnalis tolerance to copper: A test of selection hypotheses and its relevance for ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 205:209-217. [PMID: 26074162 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of standardized monospecific testing to assess the ecological risk of chemicals implicitly relies on the strong assumption that intraspecific variation in sensitivity is negligible or irrelevant in this context. In this study, we investigated genetic variation in copper sensitivity of the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis, using lineages stemming from eight natural populations or strains found to be genetically differentiated at neutral markers. Copper-induced mortality varied widely among populations, as did the estimated daily death rate and time to 50% mortality (LT50). Population genetic divergence in copper sensitivity was compared to neutral differentiation using the QST-FST approach. No evidence for homogenizing selection could be detected. This result demonstrates that species-level extrapolations from single population studies are highly unreliable. The study provides a simple example of how evolutionary principles could be incorporated into ecotoxicity testing in order to refine ecological risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Côte
- INRA, UMR0985 INRA/Agrocampus-Ouest ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health, Rennes, France
| | - Anthony Bouétard
- INRA, UMR0985 INRA/Agrocampus-Ouest ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health, Rennes, France
| | | | - Anne-Laure Besnard
- INRA, UMR0985 INRA/Agrocampus-Ouest ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health, Rennes, France
| | - Maïra Coke
- INRA, Experimental Unit U3E, Rennes, France
| | | | - Thierry Caquet
- INRA, UMR0985 INRA/Agrocampus-Ouest ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Coutellec
- INRA, UMR0985 INRA/Agrocampus-Ouest ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health, Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|